Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus
Staphylococcal Vaccines
Furunculosis
Lincomycin
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Methicillin
Coagulase
Staphylococcus haemolyticus
Staphylococcal Skin Infections
Abscess
Methicillin Resistance
Phagocyte Bactericidal Dysfunction
Vancomycin
Fusidic Acid
Osteomyelitis
Lysostaphin
Endocarditis, Bacterial
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Bacteriophage Typing
Mupirocin
Prosthesis-Related Infections
Staphylococcal Protein A
Arthritis, Infectious
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Rifampin
Teichoic Acids
Community-Acquired Infections
Sepsis
Teicoplanin
Acetamides
Oxazolidinones
Bacteremia
Catheters, Indwelling
Penicillins
Nose
Biofilms
Erythromycin
Drug Resistance, Microbial
Leukocidins
Blood Bactericidal Activity
Superantigens
Bacterial Toxins
Carrier State
Enterotoxins
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Virulence
Colony Count, Microbial
Drug Therapy, Combination
Disease Models, Animal
Clindamycin plus gentamicin as expectant therapy for presumed mixed infections. (1/7250)
The prevalence of obligate anaerobes was studied prospectively in 60 patients with severe sepsis of intra-abdominal, soft tissue, female genital or oropulmonary origin. In addition, the efficacy of clindamycin (for anaerobes) plus gentamicin (for aerobic bacteria, especially coliforms) as initial empiric therapy in these patients was evaluated. Among 54 patients with cultural proof of infection, anaerobic pathogens were recovered from 52%. Nineteen patients had bacteremia; Bacteroides fragilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most prevalent pathogens, being isolated in five patients each. Infection was eradicated in 56 of the 60 patients (93%). Mortality related to sepsis was 7% in the entire group, 16% in patients with bacteremia and 2% in patients without bacteremia. Eighty-five percent of aerobic isolates tested were susceptible in vitro to either gentamicin or clindamycin; 97% of anaerobic isolates were inhibited by 5 mug/ml of clindamycin. (+info)Emergence of vancomycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Glycopeptide-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus Working Group. (2/7250)
BACKGROUND: Since the emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, the glycopeptide vancomycin has been the only uniformly effective treatment for staphylococcal infections. In 1997, two infections due to S. aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin were identified in the United States. METHODS: We investigated the two patients with infections due to S. aureus with intermediate resistance to glycopeptides, as defined by a minimal inhibitory concentration of vancomycin of 8 to 16 microg per milliliter. To assess the carriage and transmission of these strains of S. aureus, we cultured samples from the patients and their contacts and evaluated the isolates. RESULTS: The first patient was a 59-year-old man in Michigan with diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure. Peritonitis due to S. aureus with intermediate resistance to glycopeptides developed after 18 weeks of vancomycin treatment for recurrent methicillin-resistant S. aureus peritonitis associated with dialysis. The removal of the peritoneal catheter plus treatment with rifampin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole eradicated the infection. The second patient was a 66-year-old man with diabetes in New Jersey. A bloodstream infection due to S. aureus with intermediate resistance to glycopeptides developed after 18 weeks of vancomycin treatment for recurrent methicillin-resistant S. aureus bacteremia. This infection was eradicated with vancomycin, gentamicin, and rifampin. Both patients died. The glycopeptide-intermediate S. aureus isolates differed by two bands on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. On electron microscopy, the isolates from the infected patients had thicker extracellular matrixes than control methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates. No carriage was documented among 177 contacts of the two patients. CONCLUSIONS: The emergence of S. aureus with intermediate resistance to glycopeptides emphasizes the importance of the prudent use of antibiotics, the laboratory capacity to identify resistant strains, and the use of infection-control precautions to prevent transmission. (+info)Alpha-toxin and gamma-toxin jointly promote Staphylococcus aureus virulence in murine septic arthritis. (3/7250)
Septic arthritis is a common and feared complication of staphylococcal infections. Staphylococcus aureus produces a number of potential virulence factors including certain adhesins and enterotoxins. In this study we have assessed the roles of cytolytic toxins in the development of septic arthritis by inoculating mice with S. aureus wild-type strain 8325-4 or isogenic mutants differing in the expression of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-toxin production patterns. Mice inoculated with either an alpha- or beta-toxin mutant showed degrees of inflammation, joint damage, and weight decrease similar to wild-type-inoculated mice. In contrast, mice inoculated with either double (alpha- and gamma-toxin-deficient)- or triple (alpha-, beta-, and gamma-toxin-deficient)-mutant S. aureus strains showed lower frequency and severity of arthritis, measured both clinically and histologically, than mice inoculated with the wild-type strain. We conclude that simultaneous production of alpha- and gamma-toxin is a virulence factor in S. aureus arthritis. (+info)Infective endocarditis due to Staphylococcus aureus: 59 prospectively identified cases with follow-up. (4/7250)
Fifty-nine consecutive patients with definite Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis (IE) by the Duke criteria were prospectively identified at our hospital over a 3-year period. Twenty-seven (45.8%) of the 59 patients had hospital-acquired S. aureus bacteremia. The presumed source of infection was an intravascular device in 50.8% of patients. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed evidence of IE in 20 patients (33.9%), whereas transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) revealed evidence of IE in 48 patients (81.4%). The outcome for patients was strongly associated with echocardiographic findings: 13 (68.4%) of 19 patients with vegetations visualized by TTE had an embolic event or died of their infection vs. five (16.7%) of 30 patients whose vegetations were visualized only by TEE (P < .01). Most patients with S. aureus IE developed their infection as a consequence of a nosocomial or intravascular device-related infection. TEE established the diagnosis of S. aureus IE in many instances when TTE was nondiagnostic. Visualization of vegetations by TTE may provide prognostic information for patients with S. aureus IE. (+info)Infectious complications in 126 patients treated with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. (5/7250)
The effect of an extensive prophylactic antimicrobial regimen was prospectively assessed in 126 patients after high-dose chemotherapy and autologous PBSC. They received ciprofloxacin (500 mg/12 h), acyclovir (200 mg/6 h), and itraconazole (200 mg/12 h) orally until neutrophil recovery. Febrile patients received i.v. imipenem (500 mg/6 h) to which vancomycin and amikacin were added if fever persisted for 2-3 and 5 days, respectively. Amphotericin B lipid complex was further given on day 7 or 8 of fever. Median times for a neutrophil count of >0.5 x 10(9)/l and a platelet count of >20 x 10(9)/l were 9 and 11 days. Severe neutropenia (<0.1 x 10(9)/l) lasted for a median of 5 days in which 72% of febrile episodes and 50% of cases of bacteremia occurred. Gram-positive bacteria were isolated in 30 of 40 episodes of bacteremia, 25 of which were caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis. Clinical foci were the intravascular catheter in 35 cases, respiratory infection in 11, cellulitis in two, anal abscess in one, and neutropenic enterocolitis in one. The high incidence of febrile episodes (94%) and bacteremias (31%) may be due to the lack of efficacy of antimicrobial prophylaxis and the persistence of a 5-day period of severe neutropenia. (+info)Identification and characterization of SirA, an iron-regulated protein from Staphylococcus aureus. (6/7250)
The acquisition of iron by pathogenic bacteria is often a crucial step in establishing infection. To accomplish this, many bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, produce low-molecular-weight iron-chelating siderophores. However, the secretion and transport of these molecules in gram-positive organisms are poorly understood. The sequence, organization, and regulation of genes involved in siderophore transport are conserved among gram-negative bacteria. We used this information to identify a putative siderophore transport locus from an S. aureus genomic sequence database. This locus contains three predicted open reading frames with a high degree of homology to genes involved in siderophore uptake in several bacterial species, in particular the cbr locus of the plant pathogen Erwinia chrysanthemi. The first gene in the locus, which we have designated sir for staphylococcal iron regulated, encodes a putative lipoprotein with a molecular mass of 37 kDa. The open reading frame is preceded by a 19-bp region of dyad symmetry with homology for operator sequences controlling iron-regulated expression of genes in other bacteria. Fur titration experiments indicate that this region of dyad symmetry is sufficient for Fur-dependent regulation in Escherichia coli. The expression of this gene was repressed, in a dose-dependent manner, by the addition of iron to the S. aureus culture medium. sir-encoded proteins may be involved in iron acquisition in vivo and therefore may be targets for antimicrobial agents. (+info)Changing susceptibilities of coagulase-negative staphylococci to teicoplanin in a teaching hospital. (7/7250)
The susceptibility of two collections of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) isolated from clinical specimens for teicoplanin and vancomycin were compared. They comprised 91 and 101 isolates, collected in 1985 and 1994 respectively, from different departments of a teaching hospital. MICs of vancomycin and teicoplanin were determined by a modified Etest method. Additionally, a disc diffusion test was performed for teicoplanin. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin (MIC < or = 4 mg/L). Two of the 91 isolates collected in 1985 were intermediate to teicoplanin (MIC between 8 and 32 mg/L), whereas in 1994 the number of intermediate isolates was 20 out of 101 (P < 0.01). The correlation between MICs, as determined by the modified Etest assay, and disc diffusion zones was poor (r = -0.35). Results show that resistance to teicoplanin in CNS has increased in the study hospital over a period of 9 years. This increase is likely to be correlated with the introduction of teicoplanin. Furthermore, a disc diffusion method does not appear to be the first method of choice for detection of strains of CNS with diminished susceptibility to teicoplanin. (+info)The effect of reserpine, an inhibitor of multidrug efflux pumps, on the in-vitro activities of ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin and moxifloxacin against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. (8/7250)
In Staphylococcus aureus, in addition to mutations in the grl and gyr gene loci, multidrug efflux pumps like NorA contribute to decreased fluoroquinolone susceptibility. Efflux pumps can be inhibited by the plant alkaloid reserpine, which, at 20 mg/L, reduced sparfloxacin, moxifloxacin and ciprofloxacin IC50s and MICs by up to four-fold in 11, 21 and 48 of the 102 unrelated clinical isolates tested, respectively. The effect was less pronounced with the hydrophobic drugs sparfloxacin and moxifloxacin than with the hydrophilic drug ciprofloxacin and was stable in all 25 clonally related isolates tested. (+info)Staphylococcal infections are caused by bacteria of the genus Staphylococcus. These bacteria are commonly found on the skin and in the nose of healthy individuals, but can sometimes cause infections when they enter the body through cuts, wounds, or other openings. Staphylococcal infections can range from mild skin infections like impetigo to more serious infections like pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis. Some types of staphylococcal bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), are resistant to certain antibiotics and can be more difficult to treat. Treatment for staphylococcal infections typically involves antibiotics, although in some cases surgery may be necessary.
Floxacillin is an antibiotic medication that belongs to the penicillin group of antibiotics. It is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including skin infections, respiratory infections, urinary tract infections, and bone and joint infections. Floxacillin works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria by interfering with their ability to make cell walls. It is usually administered orally or intravenously, depending on the severity of the infection and the patient's condition. Floxacillin may cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, and skin rash. It is important to take floxacillin exactly as prescribed by a healthcare provider and to complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve before the medication is finished.
Staphylococcal vaccines are vaccines that are designed to protect against infections caused by Staphylococcus bacteria. Staphylococcus is a type of bacteria that can cause a wide range of infections, including skin infections, pneumonia, and bloodstream infections. There are several different types of staphylococcal vaccines that are currently available or in development, including vaccines that target specific strains of the bacteria, as well as vaccines that provide broad-spectrum protection against multiple strains. These vaccines are typically given by injection and are intended for use in both healthy individuals and those who are at increased risk of staphylococcal infections, such as healthcare workers and people with weakened immune systems.
Furunculosis is a bacterial infection that affects the hair follicles and surrounding tissue. It is commonly known as "boil" or "furuncle." The infection is caused by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, which is commonly found on the skin. Furunculosis typically presents as a painful, red, and swollen lump on the skin, usually on the face, neck, armpits, or groin. The lump may be surrounded by a red, inflamed area and may be warm to the touch. In some cases, the infection may spread to nearby lymph nodes, causing them to become swollen and tender. Furunculosis is usually treated with antibiotics, either orally or topically. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary. Prevention measures include keeping the skin clean and dry, avoiding tight clothing that can trap moisture, and not sharing personal items such as towels or razors.
Lincomycin is an antibiotic medication that is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It is a member of the lincosamide class of antibiotics and works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria. Lincomycin is typically used to treat infections of the skin, respiratory tract, and urinary tract, as well as certain types of pneumonia and other respiratory infections. It is usually given intravenously or orally in the form of a liquid or tablet. Lincomycin may also be used to prevent infections in people who are at high risk, such as those who have had organ transplants or who are undergoing surgery. It is important to note that lincomycin is not effective against viral infections and should not be used to treat such infections.
Methicillin is an antibiotic medication that is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including pneumonia, skin infections, and urinary tract infections. It is a member of the penicillin group of antibiotics and is effective against many types of bacteria that are resistant to other antibiotics. Methicillin works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria by interfering with the synthesis of their cell walls. It is typically administered orally or intravenously, depending on the severity of the infection and the patient's condition. However, it is important to note that methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a type of bacteria that has become resistant to methicillin and other antibiotics in the penicillin group. As a result, it is important to use methicillin and other antibiotics judiciously and only when necessary to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.
Coagulase is an enzyme produced by certain strains of bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, that is responsible for the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, a key step in the clotting of blood. The presence of coagulase in a bacterial culture is often used as a diagnostic test to identify S. aureus infections, as this enzyme is not produced by most other types of bacteria. In addition to its role in blood clotting, coagulase has also been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of S. aureus infections, including the ability of the bacteria to form biofilms and evade the host immune system.
Staphylococcal skin infections are a type of bacterial infection caused by the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. These infections can occur on any part of the body, but are most common on the skin, particularly in areas that are warm and moist, such as the armpits, groin, and around the mouth. Staphylococcal skin infections can range from mild to severe, and can include conditions such as impetigo, folliculitis, and cellulitis. Symptoms of staphylococcal skin infections may include redness, swelling, pain, and pus-filled blisters or boils. In some cases, the infection may spread to other parts of the body, such as the bloodstream, bones, or joints, which can lead to more serious complications. Treatment for staphylococcal skin infections typically involves the use of antibiotics to kill the bacteria. In some cases, hospitalization may be necessary for more severe infections. It is important to seek medical attention if you suspect that you have a staphylococcal skin infection, as prompt treatment can help prevent complications and promote healing.
Cloxacillin is an antibiotic medication that is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including pneumonia, skin infections, urinary tract infections, and infections of the bones and joints. It is a type of penicillin antibiotic, which works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria. Cloxacillin is typically administered orally or intravenously, and it is usually taken for several days or until the infection has cleared up. It is important to follow the dosing instructions provided by your healthcare provider and to complete the full course of treatment, even if you start to feel better before the medication is finished. Like all antibiotics, cloxacillin can cause side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and allergic reactions. It is important to tell your healthcare provider if you experience any side effects while taking cloxacillin.
An abscess is a localized collection of pus that forms in the body as a result of an infection. It is typically caused by bacteria or other microorganisms that enter the body through a wound or other opening, such as a tooth cavity or a surgical incision. The body's immune system responds to the infection by sending white blood cells to the area, which can lead to the formation of an abscess. Abscesses can occur in many different parts of the body, including the skin, muscles, joints, and organs. They can be painful and may cause redness, swelling, and warmth in the affected area. If left untreated, abscesses can become infected and spread to other parts of the body, potentially causing serious complications. Treatment for abscesses typically involves draining the pus and removing any infected tissue. This may be done through a surgical incision or by using a needle to drain the abscess. Antibiotics may also be prescribed to help fight the infection. In some cases, the abscess may recur if the underlying cause of the infection is not treated.
Phagocyte bactericidal dysfunction refers to a condition in which the immune system's phagocytes, which are white blood cells responsible for engulfing and destroying bacteria and other foreign substances, are unable to effectively kill bacteria. This can result in an increased susceptibility to bacterial infections and can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic mutations, certain medications, and certain medical conditions. Phagocyte bactericidal dysfunction can be diagnosed through blood tests and other diagnostic procedures and can be treated with antibiotics and other medications.
Vancomycin is an antibiotic medication that is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including severe skin infections, pneumonia, and bloodstream infections. It is particularly effective against bacteria that are resistant to other antibiotics, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Vancomycin works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria by interfering with the synthesis of their cell walls. It is typically administered intravenously, although it can also be given orally in some cases. Vancomycin is a powerful antibiotic, and it is important to use it only when it is necessary and to follow the prescribed dosage and duration of treatment. Overuse or misuse of vancomycin can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which can be more difficult to treat.
Fusidic acid is an antibiotic medication used to treat skin infections caused by certain types of bacteria, including staphylococci and streptococci. It works by stopping the growth of these bacteria, allowing the body's immune system to fight off the infection. Fusidic acid is available in various forms, including creams, ointments, and gels, and is typically applied directly to the affected area of the skin. It is usually used for short-term treatment, usually for up to 10 days, and is not effective against all types of bacteria. Common side effects of fusidic acid include skin irritation, redness, and itching at the application site. More serious side effects are rare, but may include allergic reactions, such as hives or difficulty breathing. Fusidic acid should not be used to treat viral infections, such as colds or flu, as it is only effective against bacterial infections. It is also important to follow the instructions for use carefully and to complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve before the medication is finished.
Osteomyelitis is a type of bone infection that occurs when bacteria enter the bone and cause inflammation and damage to the bone tissue. It can affect any bone in the body, but it is most commonly seen in the long bones of the arms and legs, as well as in the spine and pelvis. Osteomyelitis can be acute or chronic, and it can be caused by a variety of factors, including bacterial infections, fungal infections, and viral infections. It can also be caused by traumatic injuries, such as fractures or punctures, or by medical procedures, such as surgery or the insertion of a catheter. Symptoms of osteomyelitis may include fever, chills, fatigue, and pain in the affected bone. In some cases, there may be no symptoms at all until the infection has progressed significantly. Treatment for osteomyelitis typically involves antibiotics to kill the bacteria causing the infection. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove infected tissue or to drain abscesses. Physical therapy may also be recommended to help restore strength and mobility to the affected bone.
Lysostaphin is a protein that is produced by certain bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus. It is a protease that specifically cleaves the peptide bond between the alanine and valine residues in the cell wall of certain bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. This cleavage weakens the cell wall and makes the bacteria more susceptible to lysis or destruction by other antibiotics or the host immune system. Lysostaphin has been studied as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of bacterial infections, particularly those caused by antibiotic-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
Endocarditis, bacterial is an infection of the inner lining of the heart (endocardium) and the heart valves. It is caused by bacteria that enter the bloodstream and attach themselves to the heart valves or other areas of the heart. The infection can cause inflammation, damage to the heart valves, and the formation of scar tissue, which can lead to heart failure or other complications. Bacterial endocarditis is typically treated with antibiotics, but surgery may be necessary in some cases to repair or replace damaged heart valves. It is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention.
Skin diseases, infectious, refer to a group of medical conditions that affect the skin and are caused by the invasion of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. These infections can cause a range of symptoms, including redness, swelling, itching, pain, and the formation of sores or ulcers. Some common examples of infectious skin diseases include acne, impetigo, ringworm, athlete's foot, and chickenpox. These conditions can be treated with antibiotics, antifungal medications, or antiviral drugs, depending on the specific cause of the infection. In addition to medical treatment, it is important to practice good hygiene to prevent the spread of infectious skin diseases. This includes washing your hands regularly, avoiding close contact with people who are sick, and keeping your skin clean and dry.
Nafcillin is an antibiotic medication that is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It is a member of the penicillin group of antibiotics, which work by inhibiting the growth of bacteria. Nafcillin is typically used to treat infections of the skin, respiratory tract, urinary tract, and bones and joints. It is usually given by injection, although it can also be taken by mouth in some cases. Nafcillin is generally considered to be effective against a wide range of bacteria, including many that are resistant to other antibiotics. However, it is important to note that nafcillin may not be effective against all types of bacteria, and it is important to use the medication as directed by a healthcare provider.
Mupirocin is an antibiotic medication used to treat skin infections caused by certain types of bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. It is typically applied topically to the affected area, either as a cream or ointment. Mupirocin works by inhibiting the production of a key enzyme that is necessary for the bacteria to produce cell walls, which ultimately leads to their death. It is commonly used to treat skin infections such as impetigo, folliculitis, and acne, as well as to prevent the spread of skin infections in healthcare settings.
Prosthesis-related infections (PRIs) are infections that occur in or around medical devices, such as artificial joints, heart valves, or pacemakers. These infections can be caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses, and can be difficult to treat because the bacteria can become resistant to antibiotics. PRIs can lead to serious complications, including the need for surgery to remove the infected device, and can be life-threatening in some cases. It is important for patients who have medical devices to follow their healthcare provider's instructions for preventing infections and to seek medical attention immediately if they experience any signs or symptoms of infection.
Staphylococcal Protein A is a protein produced by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. It is a cell wall-associated protein that binds to the Fc region of human immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, which are a type of protein produced by the immune system to fight infections. Protein A has several important functions in the biology of Staphylococcus aureus. One of its main roles is to help the bacteria evade the immune system by binding to antibodies and preventing them from attacking the bacteria. Protein A also plays a role in the adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus to host cells, which is important for the bacteria to cause infections. In the medical field, Staphylococcal Protein A is used as a diagnostic tool to detect the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in clinical samples. It is also used in the development of vaccines against Staphylococcus aureus and as an adjuvant in the production of monoclonal antibodies. Additionally, Protein A has been used in the development of diagnostic tests for other bacterial infections, such as Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Infectious arthritis is a type of arthritis that is caused by an infection in the joints. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other microorganisms that enter the joint and cause inflammation and damage to the joint lining and cartilage. Symptoms of infectious arthritis may include joint pain, swelling, redness, warmth, and stiffness, as well as fever, chills, and fatigue. Treatment typically involves antibiotics to treat the underlying infection, as well as pain relief and physical therapy to help restore joint function. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove damaged tissue or drain an abscess.
Cross infection is the transmission of an infectious agent from one person or animal to another through direct or indirect contact with contaminated objects, surfaces, or bodily fluids. It can occur in a variety of settings, including hospitals, schools, homes, and workplaces. Cross infection can be prevented through proper hygiene practices such as hand washing, using personal protective equipment (PPE), and disinfecting surfaces. It is also important to follow proper infection control procedures, such as isolation of infected individuals and proper disposal of contaminated materials. In the medical field, cross infection is a serious concern as it can lead to the spread of nosocomial infections, which are infections acquired in a healthcare setting. These infections can be particularly dangerous for patients with weakened immune systems or underlying medical conditions. Therefore, healthcare workers are trained to follow strict infection control protocols to prevent the spread of cross infection.
Rifampin is an antibiotic medication that is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including tuberculosis, meningitis, and pneumonia. It is a member of the rifamycin family of antibiotics and works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria by interfering with their ability to produce proteins. Rifampin is typically taken orally in the form of tablets or capsules and is often used in combination with other antibiotics to increase its effectiveness. It is important to take rifampin exactly as prescribed by a healthcare provider and to complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve before the medication is finished.
Teichoic acids are acidic polysaccharides that are found in the cell walls of certain bacteria, including Gram-positive bacteria. They are covalently linked to the peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall and play a role in maintaining the integrity and structure of the cell wall. Teichoic acids can also serve as a source of nutrients for bacteria and can play a role in bacterial adhesion and colonization of host tissues. In the medical field, teichoic acids are of interest because they are potential targets for the development of new antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents.
Community-acquired infections (CAIs) are infections that are acquired by an individual in the community, rather than in a healthcare setting. These infections can be caused by a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. CAIs can be transmitted through various means, such as person-to-person contact, contaminated food or water, or contact with contaminated surfaces. Examples of CAIs include the common cold, influenza, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and skin infections. These infections can be treated with antibiotics, antiviral medications, or antifungal medications, depending on the specific cause of the infection. It is important to note that CAIs can be serious and can lead to hospitalization or even death, particularly in vulnerable populations such as the elderly, young children, and people with weakened immune systems.
Sepsis is a serious medical condition that occurs when the body's response to an infection causes widespread inflammation throughout the body. It is a life-threatening condition that can lead to organ failure, septic shock, and even death if not treated promptly and effectively. Sepsis can develop from any type of infection, including bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic infections. The body's immune system responds to the infection by releasing chemicals called cytokines, which can cause inflammation throughout the body. This inflammation can damage tissues and organs, leading to a range of symptoms, including fever, chills, rapid heartbeat, rapid breathing, confusion, and decreased urine output. Diagnosis of sepsis typically involves a combination of clinical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Treatment typically involves antibiotics to treat the underlying infection, as well as supportive care to manage symptoms and prevent complications. In severe cases, treatment may include fluid resuscitation, vasopressors to maintain blood pressure, and organ support. Early recognition and prompt treatment of sepsis are critical for improving outcomes and reducing the risk of death.
Teicoplanin is an antibiotic medication used to treat bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus species. It is a glycopeptide antibiotic, which means it works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria by interfering with their ability to synthesize cell walls. Teicoplanin is typically administered intravenously and is used to treat severe or life-threatening infections, such as endocarditis (infection of the heart valves), bone and joint infections, and pneumonia. It is also used as a prophylactic treatment to prevent infections in patients who are at high risk, such as those undergoing surgery or chemotherapy. Teicoplanin is generally well-tolerated, but like all antibiotics, it can cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and allergic reactions. It is important to take the full course of teicoplanin as prescribed by a healthcare provider to ensure that the infection is fully treated and to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.
Acetamides are a class of organic compounds that contain a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to an amide group (-CONH2). They are commonly used as drugs and as intermediates in the synthesis of other drugs. In the medical field, acetamides are used as analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory agents. One example of an acetamide drug is acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol), which is used to relieve pain and reduce fever. Other examples of acetamide drugs include amantadine, which is used to treat Parkinson's disease and influenza, and acetazolamide, which is used to treat glaucoma and altitude sickness. Acetamides can also be used as intermediates in the synthesis of other drugs. For example, they can be converted into amides, which are important components of many drugs, including antibiotics, antidepressants, and anticonvulsants.
Oxazolidinones are a class of synthetic antibiotics that are used to treat bacterial infections. They are a type of antibiotic called a "linezolid" and are often used to treat infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Oxazolidinones work by inhibiting the growth of bacteria by interfering with the production of proteins that are essential for bacterial cell growth and reproduction. They are typically administered orally or intravenously and are generally well-tolerated by patients. However, like all antibiotics, they can cause side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Bacteremia is a medical condition in which bacteria are present in the bloodstream. It is a serious condition that can lead to sepsis, a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body's response to an infection causes widespread inflammation and organ damage. Bacteremia can be caused by a variety of bacteria, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. It can be diagnosed through blood cultures, which involve taking a sample of blood and growing the bacteria in a laboratory to confirm the presence of the bacteria. Treatment for bacteremia typically involves antibiotics to kill the bacteria and manage the symptoms of the infection.
Penicillins are a group of antibiotics that are derived from the Penicillium fungi. They are one of the most widely used antibiotics in the medical field and are effective against a variety of bacterial infections, including pneumonia, strep throat, and urinary tract infections. Penicillins work by inhibiting the production of cell walls in bacteria, which causes the bacteria to burst and die. There are several different types of penicillins, including penicillin G, penicillin V, amoxicillin, and cephalosporins, which have different properties and are used to treat different types of infections. Penicillins are generally well-tolerated by most people, but can cause side effects such as allergic reactions, diarrhea, and nausea. It is important to take penicillins exactly as prescribed by a healthcare provider and to finish the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve before the medication is finished.
Erythromycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is commonly used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, skin infections, and sexually transmitted infections. It works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria by interfering with their ability to make proteins, which are essential for their survival. Erythromycin is available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, and liquid suspensions. It is usually taken orally, although it can also be given intravenously in severe cases. It is important to note that erythromycin may not be effective against all types of bacteria, and it can also cause side effects such as nausea, diarrhea, and allergic reactions. Therefore, it is important to use erythromycin only as directed by a healthcare professional and to complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve before the medication is finished.
Leukocidins are a type of protein toxins produced by certain bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, that are capable of killing white blood cells (leukocytes) in the human body. These toxins are able to disrupt the integrity of the cell membrane of leukocytes, leading to cell lysis and death. Leukocidins are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of certain bacterial infections, such as skin infections and pneumonia, by contributing to the destruction of the body's immune defenses.
Antibodies, Bacterial are proteins produced by the immune system in response to bacterial infections. They are also known as bacterial antibodies or bacterial immunoglobulins. These antibodies are specific to bacterial antigens, which are molecules found on the surface of bacteria that trigger an immune response. When the immune system detects a bacterial infection, it produces antibodies that bind to the bacterial antigens and mark them for destruction by other immune cells. This helps to neutralize the bacteria and prevent them from causing harm to the body. Bacterial antibodies can be detected in the blood or other bodily fluids using laboratory tests. These tests are often used to diagnose bacterial infections and to monitor the effectiveness of antibiotic treatments.
Bacterial proteins are proteins that are synthesized by bacteria. They are essential for the survival and function of bacteria, and play a variety of roles in bacterial metabolism, growth, and pathogenicity. Bacterial proteins can be classified into several categories based on their function, including structural proteins, metabolic enzymes, regulatory proteins, and toxins. Structural proteins provide support and shape to the bacterial cell, while metabolic enzymes are involved in the breakdown of nutrients and the synthesis of new molecules. Regulatory proteins control the expression of other genes, and toxins can cause damage to host cells and tissues. Bacterial proteins are of interest in the medical field because they can be used as targets for the development of antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents. They can also be used as diagnostic markers for bacterial infections, and as vaccines to prevent bacterial diseases. Additionally, some bacterial proteins have been shown to have therapeutic potential, such as enzymes that can break down harmful substances in the body or proteins that can stimulate the immune system.
Streptococcal infections are a group of illnesses caused by bacteria of the genus Streptococcus. These bacteria can cause a wide range of infections, including throat infections (strep throat), skin infections (impetigo), ear infections, and pneumonia. Streptococcal infections are typically spread through contact with infected individuals or contaminated surfaces, and they can be treated with antibiotics. Some types of streptococcal infections can also cause more serious complications, such as rheumatic fever and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, which can damage the kidneys.
In the medical field, "Disease Models, Animal" refers to the use of animals to study and understand human diseases. These models are created by introducing a disease or condition into an animal, either naturally or through experimental manipulation, in order to study its progression, symptoms, and potential treatments. Animal models are used in medical research because they allow scientists to study diseases in a controlled environment and to test potential treatments before they are tested in humans. They can also provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of a disease and help to identify new therapeutic targets. There are many different types of animal models used in medical research, including mice, rats, rabbits, dogs, and monkeys. Each type of animal has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of model depends on the specific disease being studied and the research question being addressed.
DNA, Bacterial refers to the genetic material of bacteria, which is a type of single-celled microorganism that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and the human body. Bacterial DNA is typically circular in shape and contains genes that encode for the proteins necessary for the bacteria to survive and reproduce. In the medical field, bacterial DNA is often studied as a means of identifying and diagnosing bacterial infections. Bacterial DNA can be extracted from samples such as blood, urine, or sputum and analyzed using techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or DNA sequencing. This information can be used to identify the specific type of bacteria causing an infection and to determine the most effective treatment. Bacterial DNA can also be used in research to study the evolution and diversity of bacteria, as well as their interactions with other organisms and the environment. Additionally, bacterial DNA can be modified or manipulated to create genetically engineered bacteria with specific properties, such as the ability to produce certain drugs or to degrade pollutants.
Staphylococcal infection
Staphylococcus aureus
John Edward Blair
Pubic hair
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
Staphylococcus schleiferi
Boil
Skin flora
Phyllis Rountree
Phagocyte
Mort Cooper
1947 in science
Mary Barber (bacteriologist)
Enterococcus faecalis
Ulcer (dermatology)
S100A9
Joseph Warwick Bigger
Autogenous vaccines
Pantothenate kinase
Persister cells
Tefibazumab
Dicloxacillin
Eugène-Louis Doyen
Toll-like receptor 2
Duke Droese
Starvation response
Urushiol-induced contact dermatitis
Deaths in November 2009
Necrotizing fasciitis
Charles Nicolle
Staphylococcal Infections: MedlinePlus
Staphylococcal Infections: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
Interim Guidelines for Prevention and Control of Staphylococcal Infection Associated with Reduced Susceptibility to Vancomycin
Staphylococcal Infections Medication: Antibiotics, Antibiotic
Staphylococcal infection in meat animals and meat workers
Staphylococcal Infections Differential Diagnoses
Staphylococcal Infections - Infectious Diseases - MSD Manual Professional Edition
Details for:
Staphylococci and staphylococcal infections :
› WHO HQ Library catalog
MRSA Rising in Children With Musculoskeletal Infections
Zyvox (linezolid) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more
Recovery & Support for Staphylococcal Infections | NYU Langone Health
Advanced Search Results - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Impetigo: Information For Clinicians | CDC
Microorganisms responsible of nosocomial infections in the Mexican Social Security Institute]
Coagulase negative staphylococci | DermNet
Occupational Asthma Reference: Neutrophil pyruvate kinase deficiency with recurrent staphylococcal infections: first reported...
NIOSHTIC-2 Search Results - Full View
septic shock - Tom Monte
Biblio | Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University
WHO EMRO | Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus species isolated from Lebanese dairy-based products | Volume 16, issue 12...
Tackling Girth Itch: A Comprehensive Guide for Horse Owners | Vetericyn
SOTAL - Responsible Antimicrobial Use in Treating Pyoderma - WSAVA 2017 Congress - VIN
DeCS
Search results for St. John Providence Health System - Clinical Trials Registry - ICH GCP
Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance
Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance
Infectious Wounds - Wickenburg Community Hospital
Staphylococcus17
- A type called Staphylococcus aureus causes most infections. (medlineplus.gov)
- Some staph infections, such as MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), are resistant to many antibiotics . (medlineplus.gov)
- Staphylococcal infections usually are caused by Staphylococcus aureus ( S aureus ). (medscape.com)
- However, the incidence of infections due to Staphylococcus epidermidis ( S epidermidis ) and other coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) also has been steadily rising. (medscape.com)
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus sterile-site infection: The importance of appropriate initial antimicrobial treatment. (medscape.com)
- The Association between Staphylococcus aureus strains carrying panton-valentine leukocidin genes and the development of deep-seated follicular infection. (medscape.com)
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization is a poor predictor of intensive care unit-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections requiring antibiotic treatment. (medscape.com)
- The ability to clot blood by producing coagulase distinguishes the virulent pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus , from the less virulent coagulase-negative staphylococcal species. (msdmanuals.com)
- NEW ORLEANS - Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible for a growing number of acute musculoskeletal infections, according to new research. (medscape.com)
- Longitudinal study of Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infection in a cohort of swine veterinarians in the United States. (cdc.gov)
- These are infections brought about by the family of staphylococcus bacteria, perhaps the most common bacteria in existence. (tommonte.com)
- Des isolats suspects de Staphylococcus ont d'abord été identifiés par l'analyse biochimique classique, puis les souches confirmées par amplification en chaîne par polymérase (29 isolats de S. aureus et 17 isolats de S. saprophyticus) ont été analysées pour déterminer leur sensibilité aux différents antimicrobiens. (who.int)
- Se encuentran poblaciones naturales de Staphylococcus en membranas de animales de sangre caliente. (bvsalud.org)
- 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 The most frequent causal agent is Staphylococcus aureus which had been observed in cases of NF associated with omphalitis, 3 mastitis, 4 scalp infection and circumcision. (ispub.com)
- Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of staphylococcal food poisoning in Australia with several outbreaks associated with foods prepared by commercial caterers. (who.int)
- In the last decades, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), especially Staphylococcus epidermidis have become an important cause of bloodstream infections. (scielo.br)
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains an important nosocomial pathogen, although the organism has increasingly been recognized as a significant cause of community-acquired infection around the world. (canada.ca)
Coagulase-negative staphylococcal species2
- Unlike most coagulase-negative staphylococcal species, S. lugdunensis often remains sensitive to penicillinase-resistant beta-lactam antibiotics (ie, methicillin-sensitive). (msdmanuals.com)
- Below is a list of common coagulase-negative staphylococcal species and their preferred sites of colonisation. (dermnetnz.org)
Nosocomial infections6
- Historically, isolates resistant to oxacillin (commonly referred to as MRSA) were resistant to most agents other than vancomycin, but these isolates were limited to nosocomial infections. (medscape.com)
- To minimize bias caused by nosocomial infections, patients with postoperative and chronic infections were excluded from the analysis. (medscape.com)
- The prevention and control of the nosocomial infections involve the knowledge of the most frequent type of microorganism isolated. (nih.gov)
- It was conducted an analysis of all the culture results of the nosocomial infections reported by the Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiológica Hospitalaria (Epidemiological Surveillance System) of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social during the year 2013. (nih.gov)
- 48 377 results from cultures of nosocomial infections were studied. (nih.gov)
- Now, with the increasing use of implanted medical equipment, they have become leading pathogens for nosocomial infections owing to their ability to form biofilms on foreign material [1,2]. (dermnetnz.org)
MRSA15
- Patients with serious staphylococcal infections should be initially started on agents active against MRSA until susceptibility results are available. (medscape.com)
- In the 1990s, many reports appeared describing community-acquired MRSA infections that were susceptible to various non-beta-lactam antibiotics. (medscape.com)
- Although many strains of MRSA that cause community-acquired infection are susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole has been associated with clinical failure, especially in the presence of significant tissue damage. (medscape.com)
- Over the past decade, pediatric MRSA musculoskeletal infections have increased in frequency and resulted in significantly longer inpatient stays and other adverse outcomes," he noted. (medscape.com)
- Several small studies have suggested that the virulence and invasiveness of MRSA, compared with methicillin-sensitive S aureus (MSSA) infections, is increasing, Sarkissian said. (medscape.com)
- The purpose of this study was to examine a decade of acute community-acquired MRSA and MSSA musculoskeletal infections at our institution with respect to clinical course and complexity of care," he said. (medscape.com)
- Over the study period, "the proportion of musculoskeletal infections caused by MRSA increased, from 11.8% in 2001 to 34.8% in 2009, which is a 3-fold rise," Sarkissian reported. (medscape.com)
- As MRSA infections rise, prompt recognition and aggressive treatment are critical to avoiding life-threatening complications and improving patient outcomes," he said. (medscape.com)
- Our findings support concerns about the increased virulence of MRSA infections," Sarkissian said. (medscape.com)
- Most staph infections are treated with antibiotics, and there are still some antibiotics that can successfully treat MRSA infections. (wickhosp.com)
- Surveillance for MRSA in sentinel Canadian hospitals participating in the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP) has been ongoing since its inception in January 1995. (canada.ca)
- The presence of infection caused by MRSA was determined according to standard definitions (4) . (canada.ca)
- MRSA colonization was defined as the presence of MRSA without any clinical signs or symptoms of infection. (canada.ca)
- MRSA was thought to have been hospital-acquired if, in the judgment of the infection control professional, there was no evidence that the organism was present at the time of admission to hospital, or if there was evidence that it was likely to have been acquired during a previous hospital admission. (canada.ca)
- A total of 6,435 (38%) patients were thought to have had an MRSA infection. (canada.ca)
Superficial3
- Impetigo (also called pyoderma) is a superficial bacterial skin infection that is highly contagious. (cdc.gov)
- Neonatal necrotizing fasciitis, a rapidly progressive superficial infection is uncommon. (ispub.com)
- 2 It commonly follows superficial Staphylococcal infections of the umbilical, pectoral and perineal areas and may follow procedures like circumcision. (ispub.com)
Bacteremia2
- Bacteremia, an infection of the bloodstream. (medlineplus.gov)
- Infection was associated with bacteremia in 13% of the patients. (canada.ca)
Recurrent2
- Multiple decolonization regimens have been used in patients with recurrent staphylococcal infection. (medscape.com)
- She had had recurrent staphylococcal infections throughout her life. (occupationalasthma.com)
Antibiotics5
- Treatment for staph infections is antibiotics . (medlineplus.gov)
- Depending on the type of infection, the antibiotics might be a cream, ointment, medicines (to swallow), or intravenous (IV) medicine. (medlineplus.gov)
- There are still certain antibiotics that can treat these infections. (medlineplus.gov)
- Antibiotics treat bacterial infections. (seagullindia.com)
- You can never rule out over the counter antibiotics when it comes to pain and tooth infection control because they are equally effective. (seagullindia.com)
Pneumonia1
- it typically causes skin infections and sometimes pneumonia, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis. (msdmanuals.com)
Staphylococci7
- Staphylococci are one of the most common causes of community- and hospital-acquired infection. (cdc.gov)
- Rare cases of infection in the United States (1) have been caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin (minimum inhibitory concentration {MIC} greater than or equal to 8 ug/mL) * (2). (cdc.gov)
- Because the occurrence of fully vancomycin-resistant staphylococcal infection in a hospital could result in serious public health consequences, CDC and the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee have developed interim guidelines to direct medical and public health responses when isolates of staphylococci with reduced vancomycin susceptibility are identified. (cdc.gov)
- For treatment of infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci susceptible to methicillin (MSSA). (medscape.com)
- Preferred therapy for methicillin-susceptible S aureus (MSSA) staphylococci infections. (medscape.com)
- from these locations, staphylococci can cause infection in the host and others. (msdmanuals.com)
- Collectively, S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus account for the majority of foreign body and premature neonatal infections due to coagulase-negative staphylococci [1]. (dermnetnz.org)
Antibiotic2
- Penicillin G Potassium for Injection is an antibiotic used to treat severe infections including strep and staph infections, diphtheria , meningitis , gonorrhea , and syphilis . (rxlist.com)
- Cephalexin 500 MG Capsule belongs to the drug group known as cephalosporin (antibiotic) Cephalexin is a cephalosporin-type antibiotic that may be used in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible gram-positive bacteria. (seagullindia.com)
Diagnosis1
- M00.049 is a billable ICD-10 code used to specify a medical diagnosis of staphylococcal arthritis, unspecified hand. (icdlist.com)
Symptoms3
- What are the symptoms of staph infections? (medlineplus.gov)
- Staphylococcal infection is associated with symptoms that range from minor to severe to life-threatening. (tommonte.com)
- Staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP) symptoms generally have a rapid onset, appearing within three hours after ingestion (range: 30 minutes to 6 hours). (who.int)
Streptococcus1
- This page focuses on infections caused by S. pyogenes , which are also called group A Streptococcus (group A strep). (cdc.gov)
Aureus infections3
- S. aureus infections are more prevalent in carriers than in noncarriers and are usually caused by the colonizing strain. (msdmanuals.com)
- The spectrum of pediatric musculoskeletal S aureus infections is changing," said Eric Sarkissian, BS, a medical student at Drexel University College of Medicine in Philadelphia. (medscape.com)
- The spectrum of pediatric musculoskeletal S aureus infections is changing. (medscape.com)
Endocarditis1
- Endocarditis , an infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves. (medlineplus.gov)
Bacteria7
- Some people carry staph bacteria on their skin or in their noses, but they do not get an infection. (medlineplus.gov)
- But if they get a cut or wound, the bacteria can enter the body and cause an infection. (medlineplus.gov)
- Intracytoplasmic bacteria are a definite indicator of infection, but extracellular bacteria may be contaminants. (vin.com)
- More plausibly, the inoculation provided a nidus for bacterial infection as the association of bacteria with NF is known. (ispub.com)
- However, if the bacteria enters the body through a wound, cut or graze, or open skin (e.g. broken skin caused by eczema or bug bite), it may cause an infection. (wickhosp.com)
- Depending on the bacteria causing an infection, Keflex may work or it may not. (seagullindia.com)
- It has little cross-resistance to other bacteria and is predominantly used for staphylococcal infections. (medscape.com)
Infectious Diseases2
- After repeat testing, if species identification and vancomycin test results are consistent, immediately contact the state health department (SHD) and CDC's Hospital Infections Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, telephone (404) 639-6400, to report the occurrence of a 'presumptive' staphylococcal strain with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin and to obtain epidemiologic and laboratory assistance. (cdc.gov)
- The CNISP is a collaborative effort involving hospitals across the country participating as members of the Canadian Hospital Epidemiology Committee (a sub-committee of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Canada), and the Nosocomial and Occupational Infections Section, Public Health Agency of Canada. (canada.ca)
Fungal infection3
- If left untreated, that minor inflammation can quickly lead to the fungal infection commonly known as girth itch. (vetericyn.com)
- Macrophages and multinucleate giant cells are seen in chronic and/or deep pyoderma, but large numbers (i.e., granulomas or pyo-granulomas) should alter you to the possibility of a mycobacterial or fungal infection. (vin.com)
- The infection comes from a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection that spreads from another part of the body. (icdlist.com)
Patients6
- [ 48 ] Clindamycin decreased the repeat infection rate in one study of patients receiving incision and drainage for small skin abscesses compared with placebo trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. (medscape.com)
- Approximately two thirds of each group was male, and three quarters of patients had infections of the lower extremity. (medscape.com)
- However, two of these patients have since had to stop anti-TNF, with one undergoing investigations into the aetiology of a pleural effusion, and another developing a resistant staphylococcal foot infection. (bmj.com)
- Only one of our patients who developed neutropenia developed a concomitant infection. (bmj.com)
- [ 5 ] I've had two patients with very resistant infections, where I really didn't have any other oral agent. (medscape.com)
- I hope many of these efforts, of course, might help us take care of patients with resistant infections. (medscape.com)
Sepsis4
- This can lead to sepsis , a very serious immune response to infection. (medlineplus.gov)
- Infection in chronic wounds can lead to sepsis if left untreated. (wickhosp.com)
- Sepsis is defined as an inflammatory body response to infection, with severe sepsis and septic shock being the more severe forms. (wickhosp.com)
- Staph is one of the most common causes of skin infections and can cause serious wound infections which can lead to sepsis if left untreated. (wickhosp.com)
Type of infection4
- There may be other tests, such as imaging tests , depending on the type of infection. (medlineplus.gov)
- Manifestations of staphylococcal infections usually depend on the type of infection the organism causes. (medscape.com)
- The duration of treatment and the use of synergistic combinations depend on the type of infection encountered. (medscape.com)
- The duration of treatment depends on the type of infection encountered. (medscape.com)
Soft tissue infections1
- and any relevant health events such as skin and soft tissue infections or confirmed staphylococcal infections. (cdc.gov)
Colonization1
- Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) or "flesh eating disease" is an uncommon neonatal problem even in the tropics where the climatic conditions favor bacterial skin colonization and infections. (ispub.com)
Caused by susceptible1
- Penicillin G Potassium for Injection, USP is indicated in the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated micro organisms in the conditions listed below. (rxlist.com)
Acute2
Vancomycin1
- [ 52 ] .The results of such testing are often delayed .Because of these drawbacks and the availability of less nephrotoxic and more effective alternatives , vancomycin has a very limited role in treating staphylococcal infections. (medscape.com)
Staph infection4
- Who is more likely to get a staph infection? (medlineplus.gov)
- Don't share towels, sheets, or clothing with someone who has a staph infection. (medlineplus.gov)
- What are the Risk Factors for Staph Infection? (wickhosp.com)
- Follow these steps to avoid a staph infection and prevent it from spreading. (wickhosp.com)
Urinary infections1
- S. saprophyticus causes urinary infections. (msdmanuals.com)
Cytology1
- Cytology is a simple way to confirm bacterial infection. (vin.com)
Organism1
- However, resistance to fusidic acid develops rather easily, especially with significant infections with high organism counts, which means that often it was combined with a drug such as rifampin . (medscape.com)
Resistant3
- Intoxication or staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP) occurs following ingestion of food products contaminated with heat-resistant S. aureus enterotoxins. (who.int)
- Many have already taken to fosfomycin salts for use of resistant gram-negative infections for urinary tract infections. (medscape.com)
- They even try to use high doses of fosfomycin daily, or even at higher doses, to treat other resistant infections. (medscape.com)
Susceptibility1
- Appropriate culture and susceptibility tests should be done before treatment in order to isolate and identify organisms causing infection and to determine their susceptibility to penicillin G. (rxlist.com)
Neonatal1
- Neonatal necrotizing fasciitis, an uncommon fulminant and fatal disease, 1 is characterized by vascular thrombosis and necrosis following rapidly spreading bacterial infection of the skin, subcutaneous fat and fasciae. (ispub.com)
Skin5
- Skin infections , which are the most common types of staph infections. (medlineplus.gov)
- Skin infections can look like pimples or boils. (medlineplus.gov)
- Often, providers can tell if you have a staph skin infection by looking at it. (medlineplus.gov)
- To check for other types of staph infections, providers may do a culture , with a skin scraping, tissue sample, stool sample, or throat or nasal swabs. (medlineplus.gov)
- Moisture - Wet weather, humidity, and horse sweat can all make the skin more prone to fungal infections. (vetericyn.com)
Hospitalization1
- She noted that Sarkissian's team looked only at serious infections requiring hospitalization. (medscape.com)
California1
- A similar study examined rates of S aureus infection in children residing in California from 1985 to 2009 ( Emerg Infect Dis . (medscape.com)
Intravascular3
- Temporary intravascular devices should be promptly removed if infection is suspected. (medscape.com)
- [ 4 ] Long-term intravascular devices should be removed if infection with S aureus is documented. (medscape.com)
- Guidelines for the management of intravascular catheter-related infections. (medscape.com)
Antimicrobial1
- Promptly start antimicrobial therapy when S aureus infection is documented or strongly suspected. (medscape.com)