Splenic Diseases

Henry Letheby Tidy

Marco Antonio Zago

Plasma cell

Splenic infarction

Lymphocytosis

Alan Emond

Greater Swiss Mountain Dog

Erwin Payr

Splenic injury

Splenic sequestration crisis

Anthrax

Sheila Sherlock

Henan University of Chinese Medicine

Infectious mononucleosis

Adrien Loir

Hairy cell leukemia

Biliary atresia

GATA1

Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma

Gaucher's disease

Innsbruck

List of diseases (S)

The Narrative of John Smith

Asplenia

Pancreatic disease

List of ICD-9 codes 280-289: diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs

Canine histiocytic diseases

Niemann-Pick disease

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Transfusion therapy (Sickle-cell disease)

Spleen23

• Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated Rickettsia in endothelial cells and macrophages in the spleen and skin ( Figure , panels D - F ). Blood culture, skin biopsy specimens, and splenic tissue cultures were subsequently R. conorii positive. (cdc.gov)
• In most older children and adults with HbSS disease, repeated sickling in the spleen and local infarction (tissue death) eventually results in scarring, fibrosis, and a non-functional spleen (called functional asplenia or auto splenectomy). (ihtc.org)
• Splenic sequestration (blood trapped in the spleen) refers to a sudden condition of pooling of large amounts of blood in the spleen. (ihtc.org)
• The arterial supply to the spleen consists of the splenic artery (a branch of the celiac axis) and the short gastric arteries (branches of the left gastroepiploic artery), which supply the upper pole of the spleen. (medscape.com)
• In homozygous sickle cell disease, multiple infarcts during childhood commonly result in a scarred, contracted, autoinfarcted spleen by adulthood. (medscape.com)
• Illustration of the spleen with its blood vessels including the splenic artery (red) and splenic vein (blue). (drpapoulas.com)
• When splenic hydatidosis was diagnosed, the spleen was the first and only localization of hydatid disease in three cases. (nih.gov)
• In the past, determination of splenic status needed either radiation exposure (computed tomography or radionuclide imaging)5,6 or indirect evidence from blood smears (presence or absence of Howell-Jolly bodies).1,7 Ultrasonography can image the spleen consistently and clearly.8 Routine ultrasonic imaging of the spleen as a part of a comprehensive echocardiographic examination has not been reported. (elsevierpure.com)
• Methods: The medical records of 271 patients with SC disease seen at our center were reviewed to evaluate the incidence and severity of acute complications involving the spleen. (elsevierpure.com)
• Thus it is vital that the parents of all children with SC disease be instructed to palpate their child's spleen regularly. (elsevierpure.com)
• Certain diseases might cause your spleen to swell. (medlineplus.gov)
• Splenic infarction is a result of ischemia to the spleen , and in many cases requires no treatment. (radiopaedia.org)
• Splenic infarcts can occur due to a number of processes, involving either arterial supply, the spleen itself or the venous drainage. (radiopaedia.org)
• Cerezyme is a prescription medication used to treat Type 1 Gaucher disease, also known as glucocerebrosidase deficiency, which occurs when a lipid called glucosylceramide accumulates in the bone marrow, lungs, spleen, liver and sometimes the brain. (rxwiki.com)
• Type 1 Gaucher disease is a rare inherited condition, and common symptoms include increased spleen and liver size, and low hemoglobin level ( anemia ) and low platelet count. (rxwiki.com)
• Children with Hemoglobin Sickle C disease (SC disease - a milder form of sickle cell disease) may have a big spleen, but this does not happen until they are about 4 years of age or older. (texas.gov)
• Also, the spleen functions more normally in Sickle C disease. (texas.gov)
• Acute splenic sequestration crisis can be serious and a potentially life-threatening problem if the spleen suddenly enlarges with a large drop in the blood count. (texas.gov)
• If a child experiences several episodes of splenic sequestration, surgery to remove the spleen may be considered. (texas.gov)
• In a child whose spleen is palpable without underlying disease, the organ will be elastic, soft, porous, homogenous, nontender, and less than 2 cm inferior to the left costal margin. (medscape.com)
• Angiectatic blood vessels in the spleen can be congested, but "splenic congestion" is typically a more generalized lesion involving the red pulp sinuses. (nih.gov)
• As damaged red blood cells passing through the red pulp of the spleen are removed by splenic macrophages, splenectomy is one possible therapeutic approach to the management of severely affected patients. (haematologica.org)
• Splenectomy has been suggested as a possible therapeutic approach to manage severely affected patients, based on the evidence that abnormal or damaged red blood cells passing through the spleen red pulp are removed by the splenic macrophage system. (haematologica.org)

Splenectomy13

• A computed tomographic scan showed hemoperitoneum secondary to a ruptured subcapsular splenic hematoma ( Appendix Figure ), and an emergency splenectomy was performed. (cdc.gov)
• As laparoscopic techniques become more advanced, many of the surgical problems associated with splenic infarction certainly will prove amenable to laparoscopic splenectomy or partial splenectomy. (medscape.com)
• Eight (3%) of the 271 children required splenectomy (1 after the initial episode of ASSC, 3 after a second episode of ASSC, 2 as a result of pain accompanying chronic infarction and ASSC, and 2 because of splenic hemorrhage). (elsevierpure.com)
• Many splenic abscesses can be treated adequately without splenectomy. (medscape.com)
• In light of this exams, of the elevated value of PCR (8.59 mg/dL) and negativity of tumor (CEA, CA 19-9, CA 15-3, CA-125, NSE) and autoimmune markers (ANA, ENA, rheumatoid factor, anticitrullina antibodies) a lymphoproliferative disease was suspected, and a splenectomy was recommended. (annexpublishers.co)
• Background : Laparoscopic splenectomy is the first surgical choice for benign splenic disease. (sages.org)
• Laparoscopic splenectomy is becoming the standard procedure for benign splenic disorders including hematologic diseases and hypersplenism. (sages.org)
• However, the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic splenectomy for nodular and cystic splenic lesions are yet to be elucidated. (sages.org)
• Twelve patients with splenic nodular or cystic lesions who underwent laparoscopic splenectomy between April 2003 and June 2018 were retrospectively reviewed, in which patient factors (age, sex), lesion factors (diagnosis, size, number) and surgical factors (procedures, operation time, blood loss, postoperative complication, postoperative hospital stay) were assessed. (sages.org)
• Our recommendations are intended to enable clinicians to achieve better informed decisions on disease management by splenectomy, on the type of splenectomy and the possible consequences. (haematologica.org)
• As no randomized clinical trials, case control or cohort studies regarding splenectomy in these disorders were found in the literature, recommendations for each disease were based on expert opinion and were subsequently critically revised and modified by the Splenectomy in Rare Anemias Study Group, which includes hematologists caring for both adults and children. (haematologica.org)
• Albanopoulos K, Archontovassilis F, Alexakis N, Pantelidaki A, Bramis C, Leandros E. Splenic abscess in a patient with Wegener's granulomatosis treated with laparoscopic splenectomy. (medscape.com)
• Splenic complications of sickle cell anemia and the role of splenectomy. (medscape.com)

Artery5

• Even with occlusion of the main splenic artery, collateral flow from the short gastric arteries often may preserve some or all of the splenic parenchyma. (medscape.com)
• The vessel ligations were performed in short gastric, splenic artery, and splenic vein order. (sages.org)
• Subsequently, ligation of short gastric vessels was performed and the splenic artery and vein were divided individually, isolated at the hilum, and ligated using hemolocks and a Harmonic scalpel. (sages.org)
• Patients underwent baseline angiography of the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, hepatic artery, and splenic artery using a peripheral arterial approach. (hindawi.com)
• ICD-9 code 442.83 for Aneurysm of splenic artery is a medical classification as listed by WHO under the range -DISEASES OF ARTERIES, ARTERIOLES, AND CAPILLARIES (440-449). (aapc.com)

Infarction17

• Splenic infarction refers to occlusion of the splenic vascular supply, leading to parenchymal ischemia and subsequent tissue necrosis. (medscape.com)
• Splenic infarction alone is not an indication for surgery. (medscape.com)
• For instance, the mechanism of splenic infarction in sickle cell disease is attributed to crystallization of the abnormal hemoglobin during periods of hypoxia or acidosis. (medscape.com)
• In individuals who are heterozygous for sickle trait, exposure to low-oxygen tension (eg, during unpressurized airplane travel) or vigorous activity (eg, skiing in high-altitude locations) can precipitate sickling and splenic infarction by the above-described mechanism. (medscape.com)
• In malignant hematologic diseases (eg, chronic myeloid leukemia), increased splenic oxygen requirements secondary to an increased splenic mass, coupled with a decreased oxygen-carrying capacity secondary to the anemia of hypersplenism, lead to infarction. (medscape.com)
• [ 5 , 1 ] Splenic embolization may result from various cardiovascular conditions, including a left atrial or ventricular mural thrombus that formed as a result of acute myocardial infarction or atrial fibrillation or developed from complications of cardiac catheterization or bacterial endocarditis. (medscape.com)
• Hypercoagulable states can cause splenic infarction. (medscape.com)
• For instance, hereditary protein C deficiency has been reported to cause splenic infarction. (medscape.com)
• Splenic vein thrombosis, most commonly the result of pancreatitis or surgery, can result in venous infarction. (medscape.com)
• Agbeille Mohamed F, Hadonou AA, Noudamadjo A, Kpanidja MG, Doha F, Adédémy JD, Agossou J. Massive Splenic Infarction Abscess in A Teenager with Sickle Cell Disease: A Case Report in Northern Benin. (asploro.com)
• This report discusses a case of splenic abscess complicating an infarction in a teenager at the Teaching Hospital of Borgou/Alibori in Benin Republic. (asploro.com)
• Abdominal ultrasound and thoraco-abdominal CT-scan revealed a splenic infarction abscess. (asploro.com)
• Splenomegaly had been noted before the initial event in 6 (46%) of the 13 cases, and 3 (23%) had a history of painful splenic infarction. (elsevierpure.com)
• Three additional patients had a history of acute painful splenic infarction, two of whom also had splenic hemorrhage. (elsevierpure.com)
• Patients with a splenic infarction may present with left upper quadrant pain. (radiopaedia.org)
• It should be noted that ~40% (range 30-50%) of patients with splenic infarction are asymptomatic 9 . (radiopaedia.org)
• The appearance of splenic infarction depends on the timing of imaging and the size of the infarct. (radiopaedia.org)

Rupture4

• We describe a 37-year-old male with CD presenting with acute pancreatitis and spontaneous splenic rupture. (karger.com)
• Close monitoring in the critical care setting is recommended in carefully selected and hemodynamically stable patients with splenic rupture. (karger.com)
• The complications arising from splenic hydatidic cysts were infection, rupture in the abdominal cavity and fistulization to the colon. (nih.gov)
• Spontaneous splenic rupture in Wegener's vasculitis. (bmj.com)

Occlusion of the splenic1

• Subsequent computed tomography (CT) imaging demonstrated an atrophic calcified pancreas with occlusion of the splenic vein, splenomegaly, and multiple perigastric collaterals. (mhmedical.com)

Abscess15

• Splenic abscess is rare in children. (asploro.com)
• Splenic abscess should be suspected in any subject with sickle cell disease presenting with painful and febrile splenomegaly. (asploro.com)
• Once the diagnosis of a splenic abscess has been made, the patient must be admitted to the hospital and treated. (medscape.com)
• Endoscopic US-guided transluminal drainage of an aseptic splenic abscess has been reported. (medscape.com)
• A chest radiograph is typically the first step in the preoperative evaluation, although it will reveal nonspecific changes typical for a septic process in the region rather than diagnostic findings for a splenic abscess in particular. (medscape.com)
• Plain radiographic films of the abdomen are notoriously nonspecific in patients with a splenic abscess. (medscape.com)
• CT scanning is presently the criterion standard in helping to establish the diagnosis of splenic abscess. (medscape.com)
• The characteristic image of splenic abscess reveals low-density lesions that fail to enhance after intravenous contrast. (medscape.com)
• Diagnostic percutaneous aspiration guided by ultrasonography or CT scanning is useful in helping to confirm the diagnosis of splenic abscess and in providing a specimen for bacteriology. (medscape.com)
• No universally accepted staging system for splenic abscess exists. (medscape.com)
• Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of splenic abscess: a review of 67 cases in a single medical center of Taiwan. (medscape.com)
• Al-Salem AH, Qaisaruddin S, Al Jam'a A, Al-Kalaf J, El-Bashier AM. Splenic abscess and sickle cell disease. (medscape.com)
• Splenic abscess in southern Taiwan. (medscape.com)
• Splenic abscess: an easily overlooked disease? (medscape.com)
• Splenic abscess: presentation of nine cases. (medscape.com)

Sickle Cell A1

• Infants and young children with sickle cell anemia who are between the ages of 2 months and 4 years are at greatest risk of splenic sequestration and infections. (texas.gov)

Computed tomography3

• Coronal view of unenhanced abdominal computed tomography demonstrating splenic enlargement with endocapsular hematoma and intraperitoneal hemorrhage (arrows). (cdc.gov)
• In the past, determination of splenic status needed either radiation exposure (computed tomography or radionuclide imaging) 5,6 or indirect evidence from blood smears (presence or absence of Howell-Jolly bodies). (elsevierpure.com)
• Coronal computed tomography (CT) imaging of a patient with splenic vein thrombosis (SVT). (mhmedical.com)

Tumor2

• Littoral cell angioma (LCA) is a rare benign vascular splenic tumor that can evolve, potentially, into a malignant form. (annexpublishers.co)
• 7. Left-sided localization of the primary tumor (from the splenic flexure of the colon inclusive). (who.int)

Causes of splenic1

• Other causes of splenic congestion include cardiovascular disease, mononuclear cell leukemia in rats, and erythrocyte damage secondary to treatment. (nih.gov)

Embolization2

• We retrospectively evaluated the long-term effects of partial splenic embolization (PSE) with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with HCC patients accompanied by thrombocytopenia. (hindawi.com)
• Over the past 20 years, partial splenic embolization (PSE) has been an interventional radiological treatment for thrombocytopenia due to hypersplenism [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)

Vein2

• Figures 49-1 , 49-2 , 49-3 show representative imaging of a patient with splenic vein thrombosis (SVT). (mhmedical.com)
• Endoscopic imaging of isolated gastric varices in a patient with splenic vein thrombosis (SVT). (mhmedical.com)

Abnormal5

• Infiltrative hematologic diseases cause congestion of the splenic circulation by abnormal cells. (medscape.com)
• 1,2 Patients with abnormal spleens may also have an increased susceptibility to infection, 3,4 or additional characteristic gastrointestinal anomalies, 2 For these reasons, it is important to routinely define the splenic status of patients with complex CHD. (elsevierpure.com)
• However, any abnormal splenic characteristic that can be palpated on physical examination should prompt further evaluation. (medscape.com)
• Abnormal splenic enlargement is frequently accompanied by signs or symptoms that indicate the underlying etiology. (medscape.com)
• Serum protein electrophoresis only showed hypoalbuminaemia, and bone marrow and splenic aspirates showed no abnormal cell clones. (who.int)

Centers for Diseas5

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
• ACIP is chartered as a federal advisory committee to provide expert external advice and guidance to the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on use of vaccines and related agents for the control of vaccine-preventable diseases in the civilian population of the United States. (cdc.gov)
• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides information about specific countries where malaria is transmitted (see CDC: Yellow Fever and Malaria Information, by Country ), types of malaria, resistance patterns, and recommended prophylaxis (see CDC: Malaria ). (msdmanuals.com)
• Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. (cdc.gov)
• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. (cdc.gov)

Lesions3

• Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory disease with an autoimmune component that is characterised by activation of self-reactive lymphocytes, which enter the central nervous system (CNS) and cause destruction of myelin producing cells and neurons leading to the formation of inflammatory lesions. (nature.com)
• Our patient was evaluated also with CT study that confirmed the presence of splenic lesions but could not make a diagnosis. (annexpublishers.co)
• multiple infarcts appear as hypodense non-enhancing lesions, with normal intervening enhancing splenic tissue. (radiopaedia.org)

Hepatic2

• Occasionally, decompensated liver disease also causes excessive fibrinolysis and bleeding due to decreased hepatic synthesis of alpha 2-antiplasmin. (merckmanuals.com)
• Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare disease that is characterized by hepatic venous outflow tract obstruction (HVOTO), with an estimated incidence of 0.87 per million population per year. (medscape.com)

Diagnosis3

• It is concluded that splenic involvement is a rare manifestation of hydatid disease but should be looked for in a systematic way in patients with this diagnosis. (nih.gov)
• Methods : We present the case of a 28 year-old woman with a symptomatic splenic cyst, which had been increasing in size for 3 years after the first diagnosis. (sages.org)
• Internal medicine diagnosis of splenic diseases]. (bvsalud.org)

Sequestration crisis1

• Sequestration crisis can occur in older children with SC disease and Sickle Beta-Plus Thalassemia. (texas.gov)

Enlargement1

• Two young children (aged 4 and 6 years) had a hemoglobin value less than 2 gm/dl, one without history of splenic enlargement. (elsevierpure.com)

Arterial1

• It is the result of arterial or venous compromise and is associated with a heterogeneous group of diseases. (medscape.com)

Vaccine-Preventable Diseases1

• Because of their contact with patients or infective material from patients with infections, many health-care workers (including physicians, nurses, dental professionals, medical and nursing students, laboratory technicians, administrative staff, etc.) are at risk for exposure to and possible transmission of vaccine-preventable diseases. (cdc.gov)

Complications of sickle3

• A variety of symptoms and complications of sickle cell disease occur. (childrenshospital.org)
• All complications of sickle cell disease may occur but tend to be a milder degree. (childrenshospital.org)
• Symptoms and complications of sickle disease may include the following. (childrenshospital.org)

Young children with sickle1

• Minor sequestration events are common in young children with sickle cell disease. (ihtc.org)

Laparoscopic1

• As technologies evolve, laparoscopic splenic preservation may become the future standard of care for segmental infarcts. (medscape.com)

Macrophages1

• A mouse model identifies FcγRIIIa engagement on splenic macrophages as a driver of disease severity during dengue infection. (nature.com)

Infarcts1

• Thromboembolism is another common cause of splenic infarcts. (medscape.com)

Parenchyma1

• [ 4 ] In myelofibrosis, the splenic parenchyma is infiltrated by extramedullary hematopoiesis, causing congestion of the splenic circulation. (medscape.com)

Severe5

• Whilst IFN-γ is typically considered to be a pro-inflammatory product of effector T cells, it has been also been demonstrated that IFN-γ −/− mice develop more severe EAE than wild type (WT) controls 5 , highlighting alternate, IFN-γ-dependant negative feedback mechanisms that can constrain EAE disease activity. (nature.com)
• This is the most common and most severe form of sickle cell disease. (childrenshospital.org)
• In contrast, certain immunodeficient mouse models infected with mouse-adapted DENV strains show signs of severe disease similar to the 'vascular-leak' syndrome seen in severe dengue in humans. (mdpi.com)
• Indications for risk-based pneumococcal vaccine recommendations were expanded to include children with chronic kidney disease (even if not on maintenance dialysis or nephrotic syndrome), chronic liver disease, and moderate persistent or severe persistent asthma (regardless of high-dose oral corticosteroids use). (bvsalud.org)
• Immunosuppressive drug therapy and any disease (eg, HIV infection) resulting in suppression of the normal inflammatory and immune mechanisms can cause or enhance severe periodontal diseases. (medscape.com)

Abdominal3

• Splenic echinococcosis represents 3.5% of abdominal hydatid cysts treated in our Service. (nih.gov)
• The most frequent clinical sign of splenic hydatidosis was a painful mass in the left upper abdominal quadrant. (nih.gov)
• Splenomegaly decreases in frequency with age because the ratio of the splenic volume to the abdominal volume reduces over time. (medscape.com)

Severity7

• Objective: To determine the frequency and severity of acute splenic complications in children and adolescents with sickle cell (SC) hemoglobin C disease. (elsevierpure.com)
• This study aimed to determine the mechanisms by which MIS416-induced IFN-γ reduces disease severity in EAE and investigate the IFN-γ-dependent effects on disease-inducing auto-reactive CD4 T cells as well as the peripheral and CNS resident myeloid cells that are directly targeted by MIS416. (nature.com)
• There are several different types of sickle cell disease that differ in symptoms and severity. (childrenshospital.org)
• Children may experience a broad range of sickle cell symptoms and disease severity. (childrenshospital.org)
• The severity of the symptoms of sickle cell disease can vary greatly depending on the specific genetic type and even within those of the same type. (childrenshospital.org)
• The host response to this infection is an important factor in determining the extent and severity of the disease. (medscape.com)
• Several systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, may increase the prevalence, incidence, or severity of gingivitis and periodontitis. (medscape.com)

Congestion1

• Splenic congestion is common, although a cause is not always apparent. (nih.gov)

Infectious diseases1

• Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most common infectious diseases and an important cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. (medscape.com)

Asymptomatic1

• Splenic cysts were asymptomatic in six patients. (nih.gov)

Splenomegaly2

• Conclusions: We conclude that (1) acute splenic complications in children and adolescents with SC disease are relatively uncommon, (2) most episodes of ASSC occur in preadolescents, (3) ASSC can be life threatening, even in younger children, and (4) prior splenomegaly is not a good predictor of ASSC. (elsevierpure.com)
• Splenomegaly is usually the result of a systemic disorder rather than primary splenic disease. (medscape.com)

Cyst1

• while, microscopic analysis, revealed the presence of vascular channels anastomosis alike splenic sinusoids with irregular lumen for the presence of papillary projections and cyst like space that presented the positivity of CD 31 and CD 68 antigen at immunochemical study. (annexpublishers.co)

Chronic1

• Acute splenic sequestration (ASS) and chronic hypersplenism are common features of homozygous sickle cell (SS) disease in the first 5 years of life affecting one-third of subjects in the Jamaican Cohort Study. (hindawi.com)

Congenital1

• Splenic abnormalities are associated with complex, cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD). (elsevierpure.com)

Tissue2

• Morphologically the typical infarct is of a pyramidal wedge of affected splenic tissue with the apex pointing towards the hilum, and the base on the splenic capsule. (radiopaedia.org)
• Oral microorganisms may also enter the deeper tissue after trauma or surgery, which contributes to the disease process, particularly when they cause BE. (medscape.com)

Painful1

• Splenic sequestration can sometimes be painful. (texas.gov)

Bacterial Diseases1

• 027.8 Other 027.9 Unspecified OTHER BACTERIAL DISEASES (030-041) Excludes: bacterial venereal diseases (098. (cdc.gov)

Children with sickle cell di3

• Children with sickle cell disease between ages five months and two years represent most cases of splenic sequestration. (ihtc.org)
• The Global Health Initiative at Dana-Farber/Boston Children 's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center is working to improve survival for children with sickle cell disease around the world, including programs to establish newborn screening for sickle cell disease and developing research partnerships in Liberia and Haiti. (childrenshospital.org)
• All children with sickle cell disease have inherited sickle cell trait (HbAS) from at least one parent. (childrenshospital.org)

Abscesses5

• Empiric broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy has a primary role in the initial management of splenic abscesses. (medscape.com)
• Medical management as the only treatment of selected splenic abscesses has been advocated in several studies but remains controversial. (medscape.com)
• these organisms account for a small but significant number of splenic abscesses in patients who are immunocompromised. (medscape.com)
• Westh H, Reines E, Skibsted L. Splenic abscesses: a review of 20 cases. (medscape.com)
• Schaberle W, Eisele R. [Percutaneous ultrasound controlled drainage of large splenic abscesses]. (medscape.com)

Infection2

• The splenic disease was discovered during an US abdomen study performed to reveal a source of infection. (annexpublishers.co)
• The development of animal models of dengue virus (DENV) infection and disease has been challenging, as epidemic DENV does not naturally infect non-human species. (mdpi.com)

Fever3

• Isolated splenic mycobacterial disease: a cause of persistent fever in" by Vassilios Papadopoulos, Charalambos Kartsios et al. (edu.au)
• Because maternal-infant transmission of Zika virus during delivery is possible, acute Zika virus disease should also be suspected in an infant during the first 2 weeks of life 1) whose mother traveled to or resided in an affected area within 2 weeks of delivery and 2) who has ≥2 of the following manifestations: fever, rash, conjunctivitis, or arthralgia. (medscape.com)
• [ 12 ] Symptomatic disease is generally mild and characterized by two or more of the following: acute onset of fever, rash, arthralgia, or nonpurulent conjunctivitis. (medscape.com)

Invasive1

• Case-control investigation of invasive Salmonella disease in Malawi reveals no evidence of environmental or animal transmission of invasive strains, and supports human to human transmission. (liverpool.ac.uk)

Patients4

• Here the authors evaluate neutralizing antibodies following COVID-19 bivalent vaccination and find that both Pfizer BA.5 (BNT162b2) and Moderna BA.1 (mRNA-1273) vaccines elicit similar neutralization against Omicron subvariants BA.1, BA.5, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1.5 in patients with end-stage kidney disease. (nature.com)
• This report is concerned with ten patients treated surgically for a splenic hydatidosis. (nih.gov)
• Patients who have normal initial test results, along with symptoms or signs of bleeding and a positive family history, should be tested for von Willebrand disease by measuring plasma von Willebrand factor (VWF) antigen, ristocetin cofactor activity (an indirect test of VWF function), VWF multimer pattern, and factor VIII levels. (merckmanuals.com)
• Thus, the profile of monocytes in ALS patients may serve as a biomarker for disease stage or progression. (nih.gov)

Hemorrhoids1

• It improves digestion, and treats hemorrhoids and splenic diseases. (planetayurveda.com)

Infants2

• Millions worldwide suffer complications from sickle cell disease and nearly 300,000 infants with sickle cell disease are born each year. (childrenshospital.org)
• CDC has updated its interim guidelines for U.S. health care providers caring for infants born to mothers who traveled to or resided in areas with Zika virus transmission during pregnancy and expanded guidelines to include infants and children with possible acute Zika virus disease. (medscape.com)

Systemic5

• When a local or systemic disease process or concomitant use of medications alters this overall pattern, atypical organisms begin to predominate and some normal organisms with a benign nature, such as Candida albicans, become pathogenic. (medscape.com)
• Increasing evidence indicates that oral microbiota participate in various systemic diseases. (medscape.com)
• Periodontal disease permits organisms to enter deep systemic tissues, such as the carotid atheroma. (medscape.com)
• 6. Metastatic unresectable form of the disease that has not previously received any systemic therapy for the metastatic process (previous neo-/adjuvant therapy completed at least 6 months before the detection of metastases is allowed). (who.int)
• 1. Previous systemic therapy for metastatic disease. (who.int)

Symptoms3

• ICD-9-CM codes are used in medical billing and coding to describe diseases, injuries, symptoms and conditions. (icd9data.com)
• What are the Symptoms of Splenic Sequestration? (texas.gov)
• What are the symptoms of sickle cell disease? (childrenshospital.org)