AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsHealth Care
SpironolactoneMineralocorticoid Receptor AntagonistsCanrenoneAldosteroneHyperkalemiaCanrenoic AcidReceptors, MineralocorticoidDiureticsPregnadienesFludrocortisoneBendroflumethiazideTriamtereneHyperaldosteronismGynecomastiaMineralocorticoidsHeart FailurePotassiumHypokalemiaReninEndomyocardial FibrosisSodium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsHirsutismAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsChlorthalidoneMifepristoneHypertensionBlood PressureDigoxinMetolazoneHydrochlorothiazideDrug Therapy, CombinationChlorothiazideDouble-Blind MethodFurosemideFibrosisAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2AdrenalectomyDihydralazineAmilorideProcollagenSodium Potassium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsAlopeciaEndocrinologyAlopecia AreataHair5-alpha Reductase InhibitorsFatigue Syndrome, ChronicPleurodynia, EpidemicBipolar DisorderAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityAmyotrophic Lateral SclerosisGastroesophageal RefluxIrritable Bowel Syndrome
Spironolactone
A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827)
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists
Drugs that bind to and block the activation of MINERALOCORTICOID RECEPTORS by MINERALOCORTICOIDS such as ALDOSTERONE.
Canrenone
A synthetic pregnadiene compound with anti-aldosterone activity.
Aldosterone
A hormone secreted by the ADRENAL CORTEX that regulates electrolyte and water balance by increasing the renal retention of sodium and the excretion of potassium.
Hyperkalemia
Abnormally high potassium concentration in the blood, most often due to defective renal excretion. It is characterized clinically by electrocardiographic abnormalities (elevated T waves and depressed P waves, and eventually by atrial asystole). In severe cases, weakness and flaccid paralysis may occur. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Canrenoic Acid
A synthetic pregnadiene derivative with anti-aldosterone activity.
Receptors, Mineralocorticoid
Cytoplasmic proteins that specifically bind MINERALOCORTICOIDS and mediate their cellular effects. The receptor with its bound ligand acts in the nucleus to induce transcription of specific segments of DNA.
Diuretics
Agents that promote the excretion of urine through their effects on kidney function.
Pregnadienes
Pregnane derivatives containing two double bonds anywhere within the ring structures.
Fludrocortisone
A synthetic mineralocorticoid with anti-inflammatory activity.
Bendroflumethiazide
A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p810)
Triamterene
A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.
Hyperaldosteronism
A condition caused by the overproduction of ALDOSTERONE. It is characterized by sodium retention and potassium excretion with resultant HYPERTENSION and HYPOKALEMIA.
Gynecomastia
Enlargement of the BREAST in the males, caused by an excess of ESTROGENS. Physiological gynecomastia is normally observed in NEWBORNS; ADOLESCENT; and AGING males.
Mineralocorticoids
A group of CORTICOSTEROIDS primarily associated with water and electrolyte balance. This is accomplished through the effect on ION TRANSPORT in renal tubules, resulting in retention of sodium and loss of potassium. Mineralocorticoid secretion is itself regulated by PLASMA VOLUME, serum potassium, and ANGIOTENSIN II.
Heart Failure
A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.
Potassium
An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
Hypokalemia
Abnormally low potassium concentration in the blood. It may result from potassium loss by renal secretion or by the gastrointestinal route, as by vomiting or diarrhea. It may be manifested clinically by neuromuscular disorders ranging from weakness to paralysis, by electrocardiographic abnormalities (depression of the T wave and elevation of the U wave), by renal disease, and by gastrointestinal disorders. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Renin
A highly specific (Leu-Leu) endopeptidase that generates ANGIOTENSIN I from its precursor ANGIOTENSINOGEN, leading to a cascade of reactions which elevate BLOOD PRESSURE and increase sodium retention by the kidney in the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. The enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.99.19.
Endomyocardial Fibrosis
A condition characterized by the thickening of the ventricular ENDOCARDIUM and subendocardium (MYOCARDIUM), seen mostly in children and young adults in the TROPICAL CLIMATE. The fibrous tissue extends from the apex toward and often involves the HEART VALVES causing restrictive blood flow into the respective ventricles (CARDIOMYOPATHY, RESTRICTIVE).
Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors
Agents that inhibit SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS. They act as DIURETICS. Excess use is associated with HYPOKALEMIA.
Hirsutism
A condition observed in WOMEN and CHILDREN when there is excess coarse body hair of an adult male distribution pattern, such as facial and chest areas. It is the result of elevated ANDROGENS from the OVARIES, the ADRENAL GLANDS, or exogenous sources. The concept does not include HYPERTRICHOSIS, which is an androgen-independent excessive hair growth.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
A class of drugs whose main indications are the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. They exert their hemodynamic effect mainly by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. They also modulate sympathetic nervous system activity and increase prostaglandin synthesis. They cause mainly vasodilation and mild natriuresis without affecting heart rate and contractility.
Chlorthalidone
A benzenesulfonamide-phthalimidine that tautomerizes to a BENZOPHENONES form. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.
Mifepristone
A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.
Hypertension
Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.
Blood Pressure
PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.
Digoxin
A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666)
Metolazone
A quinazoline-sulfonamide derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.
Hydrochlorothiazide
A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.
Drug Therapy, Combination
Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect.
Chlorothiazide
A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p812)
Double-Blind Method
A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.
Furosemide
A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.
Fibrosis
Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.
Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers
Agents that antagonize ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR. Included are ANGIOTENSIN II analogs such as SARALASIN and biphenylimidazoles such as LOSARTAN. Some are used as ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS.
11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2
An high-affinity, NAD-dependent 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase that acts unidirectionally to catalyze the dehydrogenation of CORTISOL to CORTISONE. It is found predominantly in mineralocorticoid target tissues such as the KIDNEY; COLON; SWEAT GLANDS; and the PLACENTA. Absence of the enzyme leads to a fatal form of childhood hypertension termed, APPARENT MINERALOCORTICOID EXCESS SYNDROME.
Adrenalectomy
Excision of one or both adrenal glands. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Dihydralazine
1,4-Dihydrazinophthalazine. An antihypertensive agent with actions and uses similar to those of HYDRALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p354)
Amiloride
A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705)
Procollagen
A biosynthetic precursor of collagen containing additional amino acid sequences at the amino-terminal and carboxyl-terminal ends of the polypeptide chains.
Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors
Agents that inhibit SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS which are concentrated in the thick ascending limb at the junction of the LOOP OF HENLE and KIDNEY TUBULES, DISTAL. They act as DIURETICS. Excess use is associated with HYPOKALEMIA and HYPERGLYCEMIA.
Alopecia
Absence of hair from areas where it is normally present.
Endocrinology
A subspecialty of internal medicine concerned with the metabolism, physiology, and disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM.
Alopecia Areata
Loss of scalp and body hair involving microscopically inflammatory patchy areas.
Hair
A filament-like structure consisting of a shaft which projects to the surface of the SKIN from a root which is softer than the shaft and lodges in the cavity of a HAIR FOLLICLE. It is found on most surfaces of the body.
5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors
Drugs that inhibit 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE. They are commonly used to reduce the production of DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE.
Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic
A syndrome characterized by persistent or recurrent fatigue, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, sleep disturbances, and subjective cognitive impairment of 6 months duration or longer. Symptoms are not caused by ongoing exertion; are not relieved by rest; and result in a substantial reduction of previous levels of occupational, educational, social, or personal activities. Minor alterations of immune, neuroendocrine, and autonomic function may be associated with this syndrome. There is also considerable overlap between this condition and FIBROMYALGIA. (From Semin Neurol 1998;18(2):237-42; Ann Intern Med 1994 Dec 15;121(12): 953-9)
Pleurodynia, Epidemic
An acute, febrile, infectious disease generally occurring in epidemics. It is usually caused by coxsackieviruses B and sometimes by coxsackieviruses A; echoviruses; or other enteroviruses.
Bipolar Disorder
A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence.
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
A behavior disorder originating in childhood in which the essential features are signs of developmentally inappropriate inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Although most individuals have symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, one or the other pattern may be predominant. The disorder is more frequent in males than females. Onset is in childhood. Symptoms often attenuate during late adolescence although a minority experience the full complement of symptoms into mid-adulthood. (From DSM-V)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy, FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94)
Gastroesophageal Reflux
Retrograde flow of gastric juice (GASTRIC ACID) and/or duodenal contents (BILE ACIDS; PANCREATIC JUICE) into the distal ESOPHAGUS, commonly due to incompetence of the LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
A disorder with chronic or recurrent colonic symptoms without a clearcut etiology. This condition is characterized by chronic or recurrent ABDOMINAL PAIN, bloating, MUCUS in FECES, and an erratic disturbance of DEFECATION.

Aldosterone, not estradiol, is the physiological agonist for rapid increases in cAMP in vascular smooth muscle cells. (1/759)

BACKGROUND: Steroid-induced gene regulation in the endocrine tissues and vascular wall is achieved through the interaction of specific receptor proteins and promoters of target genes. In addition to these delayed steroid actions, rapid effects of steroids have been reported in various tissues that were clearly incompatible with the classic theory of genomic steroid action. METHODS AND RESULTS: Because high doses of 17beta-estradiol have been shown to modulate intracellular cAMP levels in vascular smooth muscle cells, steroid-induced stimulation of adenylate cyclase stimulation and phosphorylation of cAMP response element binding protein was investigated in porcine coronary artery vascular smooth muscle cells. Aldosterone induces a approximately 1.5- to 2.5-fold increase in intracellular cAMP levels (EC50 approximately 0.01 to 0.1 nmol/L) within 1 minute, whereas 17beta-estradiol and hydrocortisone act only at supraphysiological concentrations (10 micromol/L). Aldosterone-induced changes in intracellular cAMP are calcium dependent; they are not blocked by inhibitors of mineralocorticoid receptors, transcription, or protein synthesis. In addition, aldosterone induces a time-dependent phosphorylation of cAMP response element binding protein with potential transcriptional importance. CONCLUSIONS: A nongenomic modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells by aldosterone is consistent with the data that aldosterone, not estrogen, is the physiological stimulus for cAMP.  (+info)

Effects of spironolactone and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor on left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with essential hypertension. (2/759)

There is increasing evidence for important cardiovascular effects of aldosterone via classical mineralocorticoid receptors in the heart. Administration of aldosterone with excess salt produces both cardiac hypertrophy and interstitial cardiac fibrosis in rats, and concomitant administration of potassium canrenoate at a dose that only modestly lowers blood pressure completely blocks the cardiac effects of aldosterone. In the present study, we examined the effect on left ventricular hypertrophy of adding a low dose of the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone (25 mg/d) to an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (enalapril maleate) in patients with essential hypertension. Eighteen untreated patients with moderate to severe essential hypertension based on the WHO/ISH guidelines participated in this study. Subjects were treated with either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor alone (group I: 10 patients, 4 men and 6 women, mean age 56 +/- 18 yr) or an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor plus spironolactone (group II: 8 patients, 3 men and 5 women, mean age 59 +/- 14 yr) for 9 mo. Left ventricular mass index, various echocardiographic variables, mean blood pressure, plasma renin activity, and plasma aldosterone concentration before treatment were similar in the two groups. Blood pressure of both groups decreased significantly and similarly after antihypertensive treatment (group I, 136 +/- 9/82 +/- 9 mmHg; group II, 133 +/- 9/85 +/- 10 mmHg). Left ventricular mass index also decreased significantly in both groups (group I, -10.2 +/- 7.1%; group II, -18.1 +/- 6.9%). The extent of reduction was significantly greater in the spironolactone group (group II) (p < 0.05 vs. group I). In group II patients, spironolactone did not cause any side effects during the observation period. We conclude that spironolactone may have beneficial effects on left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with essential hypertension who are receiving an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor.  (+info)

Brain mineralocorticoid receptor control of blood pressure and kidney function in normotensive rats. (3/759)

Brain mineralocorticoid receptors appear to contribute to mineralocorticoid hypertension and may be involved in blood pressure control in normotensive rats. We examined the effect of blockade of central mineralocorticoid receptors with the use of a selective antagonist (RU28318) on cardiovascular and renal function in conscious normotensive rats. The contribution of renal innervation was evaluated in rats with bilaterally denervated kidneys. Young adult, male Wistar rats were trained for systolic blood pressure measurement by a tail sphygmographic method and accustomed to metabolic cages for collection of urine. One week before experimentation, an intracerebroventricular cannula was implanted. Systolic blood pressure was diminished 30 minutes after an intracerebroventricular dose of 10 ng of RU28318. The effect was maximal at 8 hours and was still present after 24 hours. Blood pressure returned to the basal level by 48 hours. During the period 0 to 8 hours after intracerebroventricular injection, rats treated with the antagonist showed an increase in diuresis and urinary electrolyte excretion. No significant effect on plasma renin activity, measured 8 and 30 hours after administration of RU28318, was observed. In denervated rats, the decrease in systolic blood pressure after administration of RU28318 was reduced. The difference was statistically significant compared with controls at 2 hours but not at 8 hours, and blood pressure returned to the basal value by 24 hours. The increases in diuresis and urinary electrolyte excretion induced by RU28318 were abolished in denervated rats. These results show that brain mineralocorticoid receptors are involved in blood pressure regulation and kidney function homeostasis in conscious normotensive rats. The renal nerves appear to participate in the brain mineralocorticoid receptor control of blood pressure.  (+info)

Lesion-induced plasticity in rat vestibular nucleus neurones dependent on glucocorticoid receptor activation. (4/759)

1. We have recently shown that neurones in the rostral region of the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) develop a sustained increase in their intrinsic excitability within 4 h of a lesion of the vestibular receptors of the ipsilateral inner ear. This increased excitability may be important in the rapid recovery of resting activity in these neurones during 'vestibular compensation', the behavioural recovery that follows unilateral vestibular deafferentation. In this study we investigated the role of the acute stress that normally accompanies the symptoms of unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL), and in particular the role of glucocorticoid receptors (GRs), in the development of the increase in excitability in the rostral MVN cells after UL in the rat. 2. The compensatory increase in intrinsic excitability (CIE) of MVN neurones failed to occur in animals that were labyrinthectomized under urethane anaesthesia and kept at a stable level of anaesthesia for either 4 or 6 h after UL, so that they did not experience the stress normally associated with the vestibular deafferentation syndrome. In these animals, 'mimicking' the stress response by administration of the synthetic GR agonist dexamethasone at the time of UL, restored and somewhat potentiated CIE in the MVN cells. Administration of dexamethasone in itself had no effect on the intrinsic excitability of MVN cells in sham-operated animals. 3. In animals that awoke after labyrinthectomy, and which therefore experienced the full range of oculomotor and postural symptoms of UL, there was a high level of Fos-like immunoreactivity in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus over 1.5-3 h post-UL, indicating a strong activation of the stress axis. 4. The GR antagonist RU38486 administered at the time of UL abolished CIE in the rostral MVN cells, and significantly delayed behavioural recovery as indicated by the persistence of circular walking. The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist spironolactone administered at the time of UL had no effect. 5. Vestibular compensation thus involves a novel form of 'metaplasticity' in the adult brain, in which the increase in intrinsic excitability of rostral MVN cells and the initial behavioural recovery are dependent both on the vestibular deafferentation and on the activation of glucocorticoid receptors, during the acute behavioural stress response that follows UL. These findings help elucidate the beneficial effects of neuroactive steroids on vestibular plasticity in various species including man, while the lack of such an effect in the guinea-pig may be due to the significant differences in the physiology of the stress axis in that species.  (+info)

The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators. (5/759)

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Aldosterone is important in the pathophysiology of heart failure. In a doubleblind study, we enrolled 1663 patients who had severe heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction of no more than 35 percent and who were being treated with an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, a loop diuretic, and in most cases digoxin. A total of 822 patients were randomly assigned to receive 25 mg of spironolactone daily, and 841 to receive placebo. The primary end point was death from all causes. RESULTS: The trial was discontinued early, after a mean follow-up period of 24 months, because an interim analysis determined that spironolactone was efficacious. There were 386 deaths in the placebo group (46 percent) and 284 in the spironolactone group (35 percent; relative risk of death, 0.70; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.60 to 0.82; P<0.001). This 30 percent reduction in the risk of death among patients in the spironolactone group was attributed to a lower risk of both death from progressive heart failure and sudden death from cardiac causes. The frequency of hospitalization for worsening heart failure was 35 percent lower in the spironolactone group than in the placebo group (relative risk of hospitalization, 0.65; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.54 to 0.77; P<0.001). In addition, patients who received spironolactone had a significant improvement in the symptoms of heart failure, as assessed on the basis of the New York Heart Association functional class (P<0.001). Gynecomastia or breast pain was reported in 10 percent of men who were treated with spironolactone, as compared with 1 percent of men in the placebo group (P<0.001). The incidence of serious hyperkalemia was minimal in both groups of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Blockade of aldosterone receptors by spironolactone, in addition to standard therapy, substantially reduces the risk of both morbidity and death among patients with severe heart failure.  (+info)

Aldosterone activates Na+/H+ exchange in vascular smooth muscle cells by nongenomic and genomic mechanisms. (6/759)

BACKGROUND: In vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), Na+/H+ exchange (NHE) plays an important role in intracellular pH (pHi) regulation. Recently, nongenomic effect of aldosterone (ALDO) on NHE activity has been suggested in VSMCs. However, the nongenomic and genomic effects of ALDO on NHE and the intracellular signaling mechanisms for these effects have not fully been determined in VSMCs. METHODS: The effects of short- (3 hr) and long- (24 hr) term exposure to ALDO on NHE activity were examined in cultured VSMCs from rat thoracic aortae by using single-cell pHi measurement with the pH-sensitive dye 2'7'-bis(carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein. The NHE activity was calculated from the initial rate of Na+-dependent pHi recovery after acid load. RESULTS: The NHE activity significantly increased after short- and long-term exposure of VSMCs to ALDO (10(-6) M). The inhibitors of gene transcription (actinomycin D) and of protein synthesis (cycloheximide) had no effect on the short-term ALDO effect, but inhibited the long-term ALDO effect. The antagonists of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) (spironolactone) and of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) (RU38486) caused no effect on the short-term ALDO effect, but inhibited the long-term ALDO effect. Two protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors (staurosporine A and calphostin C) and PKC down-regulation (24 hr pre-exposure to phobol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA) inhibited both the short- and long-term ALDO effects. Exposure of VSMCs to PMA for 3 hours mimicked the short-term effect of ALDO on NHE activity. ALDO significantly increased PKC activity in VSMCs. The short-term ALDO effect was inhibited by disruptors of microtubule (colchicine) and of filamentous-actin (cytochalasin B). Long-term exposure of ALDO caused a threefold increase in NHE (NHE-1) mRNA levels. CONCLUSIONS: The short-term effect of ALDO on NHE activity is not mediated through either MR or GR, occurs independent of gene transcription and protein synthesis, and occurs through a mechanism involving the structural elements of cytoskeleton. The long-term effect of ALDO on NHE activity occurs through both MR and GR and requires gene transcription and protein synthesis. Both short- and long-term effects of ALDO are mediated through PKC activation. Therefore, ALDO activates NHE by nongenomic and genomic mechanisms in VSMCs.  (+info)

Influence of spironolactone on neonatal screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (7/759)

AIM: To determine if the diuretic spironolactone cross reacts with 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) in an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit used for the mass screening of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. METHODS: Concentrations of 17OHP on a blood filter paper disc were measured using an ELISA kit (kit C-7: ENZAPLATE N-17alpha -OHP-7; Chiron, Tokyo, Japan). The cross reactivity of spironolactone and its metabolites with 17OHP was determined. The concentrations of spironolactone and its metabolites in blood were measured using HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography). RESULTS: Spironolactone cross reacted with 17OHP using kit C-7 (0.01%), by increasing 17OHP concentration in a dose dependent manner. The blood concentration of spironolactone and its metabolites was nearly 900 ng/ml, high enough to show an additive effect on the 17OHP concentration. About 12% of the false positive cases screened using the kit were due to the administration of spironolactone. CONCLUSIONS: Spironolactone interferes with 17OHP concentrations, leading to false positive test results for CAH.  (+info)

Effect of poststroke captopril treatment on mortality associated with hemorrhagic stroke in stroke-prone rats. (8/759)

We tested the ability of captopril treatment (50 mg/kg/day p.o.), initiated 2 weeks before stroke or up to 5 days after stroke, to alter the onset of stroke and death after stroke in Kyoto Wistar stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRsp). The benefits of blood pressure and aldosterone suppression during captopril treatment were assessed. SHRsp developed a 100% mortality rate with intracerebral hemorrhage by 16 weeks of age. Captopril treatment, started 2 weeks before or at the initiation of stroke, suppressed plasma aldosterone and equally prevented mortality to a mean age of >27 weeks. Treatment started 5 days after stroke extended the mean lifespan to >23 weeks. The re-elevation of plasma aldosterone (via osmotic pumps to levels in untreated SHRsp) during captopril treatment, before stroke, allowed stroke to develop. The initiation of the latter manipulation in pre- or poststroke captopril-treated SHRsp at a latter age (23 weeks) didn't alter the lifespan of SHRsp (death occurred at about 28 weeks). The antistroke effects of captopril treatment occurred without an antihypertensive effect, weren't altered by enhancing hypertension during treatment (with dexamethasone), and couldn't be duplicated by antihypertensive treatment with hydralazine. Spironolactone treatment didn't duplicate the effects of captopril. The suppression of plasma aldosterone may retard the onset of stroke in SHRsp during captopril treatment but likely other factors prolong life in pre- and poststroke SHRsp receiving long-term captopril treatment. The observation that spironolactone treatment couldn't duplicate the effects of captopril suggests that aldosterone may facilitate stroke through nongenomic receptor mechanisms.  (+info)

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Larger Dose of Spironolactone for the Treatment of Patients With Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials...Larger Dose of Spironolactone for the Treatment of Patients With Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials...
In the investigators recent daily clinical practice, they found that the larger dose of the aldosterone antagonist spironolactone combined with a lower dose of an ACE inhibitor and the highest tolerable dose of beta blockers could reverse left ventricular remodeling more effectively than a smaller dose of spironolactone. The ventricular remodeling could get back to normal, especially in patients with none-ischaemic cardiomyopathy. The investigators hypothesize that long term use of a larger dose of the aldosterone antagonist spironolactone could reverse left ventricular remodeling by stimulating new myocyte formation. Thus, they designed this study to verify its efficacy and safety in reversing left ventricular remodeling in severe congestive heart failure in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy. To avoid hyperkalemia, the investigators routinely use larger doses of diuretics in combination with a lower dose of an ACE inhibitor to offset the potassium-sparing effects of spironolactone and ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00125437
Emerging Pain Ameliorating Effects of Spironolactone | HypertensionEmerging Pain Ameliorating Effects of Spironolactone | Hypertension
The recent article by Raheja et al1 provided for highly interesting reading. Interestingly, recent data suggest that spironolactone may have significant pain ameliorating effects that may prove to be an additional benefit of its use in hypertensive and cardiac patients.. For instance, intrathecal administration of spironolactone significantly decreases pain in response to nociceptive stimuli. Spironolactone exerts these analgesic effects by decreasing the production of inflammatory cytokines, especially p-NR1 and tumor necrosis factor-α.2 Spironolactone also attenuates microglia activation, as well as causes downregulation of N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the dorsal root ganglions.. Similarly, spironolactone decreases diabetes mellitus-associated hyperalgesia by mitigating diabetes mellitus-associated elevations in nitric oxide levels in the serum.3 Interestingly, spironolactone accentuates the antinociceptive potential of steroids such as dexamethasone.4 This synergistic effect of ...
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Major findings from this double-blind, parallel-design, 1-year trial on a small group of previously untreated subjects with mild-to-moderate hypertension who accepted to have gluteal subcutaneous biopsies for sampling of resistance vessels demonstrate the following: (1) treatment with the selective mineralocorticoid antagonist eplerenone with good BP control reduced stiffness and the collagen/elastin ratio in resistance arteries; (2) resistance vessels from atenolol-treated patients exhibited increased stiffness and unchanged collagen/elastin ratio, despite similar effective BP control; and (3) there was improved inflammatory status in eplerenone-treated patients.. Hypertensive subjects in the present study demonstrated eutrophic small artery remodeling as expected in patients with newly diagnosed uncomplicated hypertension. We have reported previously that structural remodeling (increased media/lumen ratio) of resistance arteries occurs as an early stage in the progression of the target-organ ...
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Spironolactone is effective for NYHA class III and IV heart failure and hypertension (4th or 5th line) but can be a difficult drug to use. Elevated serum potassium levels may occur in around 18% of patients.. In a case-control study spironolactone was associated with a doubling in the rate of gastrointestinal bleed events.1 This effect was stronger with increasing doses and when spironolactone was combined with NSAIDs/corticosteroids.. Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (UK) now advise that use of spironolactone with ACEi or ARB increases the risk of severe hyperkalaemia, particularly in patients with marked renal impairment, should be used with caution, and requires regular monitoring of renal function.2. Spironolactone should only be started if serum potassium ≤5.0mmol/L and serum creatinine is ≤221 μmol/L. Monitor serum potassium and creatinine 1 week after initiation or increase in dose of spironolactone, monthly for the first 3 months, then quarterly for a year, and ...
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We have studied the effects of add-on spironolactone treatment (100 mg/day) in 11 patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) and | 3 gm proteinuria/day despite angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy titrated to a systolic/diastolic blood pressure | 120/80 mmHg. Blood pressure, 24-hour urinary protein excretion, and creatinine clearance were measured prior to, after two months of combined therapy, and after a 2-month withdrawal period of spironolactone. While systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly after spironolactone therapy, proteinuria did not improve. Serum potassium increased significantly as well, with three patients requiring resin-binding therapy. Thus, spironolactone seems to have no additional antiproteinuric effects over ACE inhibitor therapy in patients with IMN and nephrotic syndrome and carries the risk of significant hyperkalemia.
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Long-term spironolactone treatment reduces coronary TRPC expression, vasoconstriction, and atherosclerosis in metabolic...Long-term spironolactone treatment reduces coronary TRPC expression, vasoconstriction, and atherosclerosis in metabolic...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Long-term spironolactone treatment reduces coronary TRPC expression, vasoconstriction, and atherosclerosis in metabolic syndrome pigs. AU - Li, Wennan. AU - Chen, Xingjuan. AU - Riley, Ashley M.. AU - Hiett, S. Christopher. AU - Temm, Constance J.. AU - Beli, Eleni. AU - Long, Xin. AU - Chakraborty, Saikat. AU - Alloosh, Mouhamad. AU - White, Fletcher A.. AU - Grant, Maria B.. AU - Sturek, Michael. AU - Obukhov, Alexander G.. PY - 2017/9/1. Y1 - 2017/9/1. N2 - Coronary transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channel expression is elevated in metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, differential contribution of TRPCs to coronary pathology in MetS is not fully elucidated. We investigated the roles of TRPC1 and TRPC6 isoforms in coronary arteries of MetS pigs and determined whether long-term treatment with a mineralocorticoid receptor inhibitor, spironolactone, attenuates coronary TRPC expression and associated dysfunctions. MetS coronary arteries exhibited significant ...
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This randomized placebo-controlled study demonstrates that in an ambulatory hypertensive population with isolated LV diastolic dysfunction and reduced functional capacity due to exertional dyspnea, myocardial function can be improved over a period of 6 months with aldosterone antagonism by using a hemodynamically insignificant dose of spironolactone. Improvement of LV long-axis systolic function was confirmed by increases in strain and SR with intervention and was supported by changes of a similar magnitude in long-axis CVIB. Left ventricular radial function was also observed to increase with treatment, although these changes were not independently related to spironolactone therapy.. It has been suggested that the focus on diastolic dysfunction in patients with HF and preserved ejection fraction may be misleading.34 Indeed, in addition to diastolic dysfunction, abnormalities of systolic function in hypertensive patients have been clearly demonstrated in the presence of LV hypertrophy.14,35,36 ...
http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/110/5/558
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Blockade of aldosterone receptors by spironolactone, in addition to standard therapy, substantially reduces the risk of both morbidity and death among patients with severe heart failure.
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Eplerenone is a steroidal antimineralocorticoid of the spirolactone group that is used as an adjunct in the management of chronic heart failure. Classed as a selective aldosterone receptor antagonist (SARA), it is similar to the diuretic spironolactone, though it is much more selective for the mineralocorticoid receptor in comparison (i.e., does not possess any antiandrogen, progestogen, glucocorticoid, or estrogenic effects), and is specifically marketed for reducing cardiovascular risk in patients following myocardial infarction. Eplerenone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, meaning that it helps the body get rid of water but still keep potassium. Eplerenone was developed by Pharmacia Corporation, which was acquired by Pfizer in 2002. It was marketed by Pfizer under the trade name Inspra. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the drug for sale in the United States in 2002. Eplerenone is currently approved for sale in the US, EU, Netherlands and Japan. Eplerenone costs an estimated ...
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Spironolactone is a steroidal potassium-sparing diuretic used in the treatment of oedema, hypertension and hyperaldosteronism.. 5.2 Human carcinogenicity data. Spironolactone was mentioned specifically in two cohort studies and one case control study. In one cohort study carried out in the USA, an excess risk for pharyngeal cancer was found, which persisted with longer follow-up. No evidence for an association with breast cancer was found in the other cohort study, and use of spironolactone was not associated with thyroid cancer in one case control study. All three studies were based on small numbers of cases.. In five case control studies of renal-cell carcinoma, use of potassium-sparing diuretics was not clearly identified as a risk factor independently of hypertension.. 5.3 Animal carcinogenicity data. Spironolactone was tested by oral administration in one study in rats. Increased incidences of thyroid follicular-cell adenomas and Leydig-cell tumours of the testis were reported. ...
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TY - JOUR. T1 - A double-blind, randomized study comparing the antihypertensive effect of eplerenone and spironolactone in patients with hypertension and evidence of primary aldosteronism. AU - Parthasarathy, Hari K.. AU - Menard, Joel. AU - White, William B.. AU - Young, William F.. AU - Williams, Gordon H.. AU - Williams, Bryan. AU - Miguel Ruilope, Luis. AU - McInnes, Gordon T.. AU - Connell, John M.. AU - MacDonald, Thomas M.. PY - 2011/5. Y1 - 2011/5. N2 - Background Eplerenone is claimed to be a more selective blocker of the mineralocorticoid receptor than spironolactone being associated with fewer antiandrogenic side-effects. We compared the efficacy, safety and tolerability of eplerenone versus spironolactone in patients with hypertension associated with primary aldosteronism.Methods The study was multicentre, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, and parallel group design. Following a single-blind, placebo run-in period, patients were randomized 1 : 1 to a 16-week double-blind, ...
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In this analysis of patients with moderately severe to severe HF with reduced EF who were randomized to a MRA or placebo, self-identified AA patients developed less hyperkalemia but higher rates of hypokalemia while taking spironolactone compared with similarly treated non-AA patients. Despite a similar initial study drug dose, potassium concentrations increased substantially in non-AA individuals assigned to spironolactone within a month after randomization, whereas potassium levels in AA participants did not change significantly. However, AA participants seemed to derive less clinical benefit from an MRA.. Differences in potassium response to spironolactone among AA and non-AA participants were evident early in the study and persisted throughout the trial. Potassium levels of non-AA participants increased, on average, by 0.25 mmol/L while taking spironolactone compared with those taking placebo. Changes in potassium concentrations were minimal in AA participants. In addition, there were lower ...
http://circheartfailure.ahajournals.org/content/6/5/970.full
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Spironolactone, an inhibitor of the mineralocorticoid receptor, has been used for many years. Although once quite popular, especially in combination with a thiazide diuretic, spironolactone nearly fell out of view (except for its use as a medical treatment for primary aldosteronism) until it was resurrected for its value in the treatment of congestive heart failure. As indicated by the comments related to our case study, spironolactone can be highly effective in many patients with refractory hypertension in combination with a thiazide-type diuretic and can correct hypokalemia as well. However, gynecomastia is a limiting adverse reaction for men treated with spironolactone because of the antiandrogen effect of this drug. Premenopausal women treated with spironolactone may develop menstrual irregularities, so that spironolactone is most likely to have sustained acceptance only by postmenopausal women. Eplerenone has recently been developed as a selective mineralocorticoid antagonist whose adverse ...
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It is a synthetic 17-lactone drug that is a renal competitive aldosterone antagonist in a class of pharmaceuticals called potassium-sparing diuretics, used primarily to treat heart failure, ascites in patients with liver disease, low-renin hypertension, hypokalemia, secondary hyperaldosteronism (such as occurs with hepatic cirrhosis), and Conns syndrome (primary hyperaldosteronism). On its own, spironolactone is only a weak diuretic because its effects target the distal nephron (collecting tubule), where urine volume can only be slightly modified; but it can be combined with other diuretics to increase efficacy. About one person in one hundred with hypertension has elevated levels of aldosterone; in these persons, the antihypertensive effect of spironolactone may exceed that of complex combined regimens of other antihypertensives.. Due to its antiandrogen effect, it can also be used to treat hirsutism. It is also used for treating hair loss and acne in women, and can be used as a topical ...
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Aldosterone induces a vascular inflammatory phenotype in the rat heart | Heart and Circulatory PhysiologyAldosterone induces a vascular inflammatory phenotype in the rat heart | Heart and Circulatory Physiology
In the present study, the effects of hyperaldosteronism on myocardial injury in the setting of a high-salt diet were examined. There were three major findings of the present study. First, the data indicate that aldosterone/salt treatment induces leukocyte infiltration and injury of coronary arteries with associated ischemic and necrotic lesions of the adjacent myocardium. Second, we have identified the myocardial expression and progressive upregulation of the proinflammatory molecules osteopontin, MCP-1, and COX-2 in response to aldosterone/salt treatment. Third, the expression of proinflammatory molecules was diminished and vascular and cardiac pathology abrogated by treatment with the selective aldosterone blocker eplerenone, implicating a role for mineralocorticoid receptor stimulation in aldosterone/salt-induced myocardial injury. Although vascular inflammation seems to be the initial effect induced by aldosterone/salt treatment with the elevated myocardial expression of inflammatory ...
http://ajpheart.physiology.org/content/283/5/H1802.long
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Orally administered spironolactone has been shown to be a tumorigen in dietary administration studies performed in rats, with its proliferative effects manifested on endocrine organs and the liver. In an 18-month study using doses of about 50, 150, and 500 mg/kg/day, there were statistically significant increases in benign adenomas of the thyroid and testes and, in male rats, a dose-related increase in proliferative changes in the liver (including hepatocytomegaly and hyperplastic nodules). In a 24-month study in which the same strain of rat was administered doses of about 10, 30 and 100 mg spironolactone/kg/day, the range of proliferative effects included significant increases in hepatocellular adenomas and testicular interstitial cell tumors in males, and significant increases in thyroid follicular cell adenomas and carcinomas in both sexes. There was also a statistically significant, but not dose-related, increase in benign uterine endometrial stromal polyps in females.. A dose-related (above ...
https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d44637a7-b980-4bb1-832c-f5a0f73f8259
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Orally administered spironolactone has been shown to be a tumorigen in dietary administration studies performed in rats, with its proliferative effects manifested on endocrine organs and the liver. In an 18-month study using doses of about 50, 150 and 500 mg/kg/day, there were statistically significant increases in benign adenomas of the thyroid and testes and, in male rats, a dose-related increase in proliferative changes in the liver (including hepatocytomegaly and hyperplastic nodules). In a 24-month study in which the same strain of rat was administered doses of about 10, 30, 100 and 150 mg spironolactone/kg/day, the range of proliferative effects included significant increases in hepatocellular adenomas and testicular interstitial cell tumors in males, and significant increases in thyroid follicular cell adenomas and carcinomas in both sexes. There was also a statistically significant, but not dose-related, increase in benign uterine endometrial stromal polyps in females.. A dose-related ...
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Title: The Risks and Benefits of Therapy with Aldosterone Receptor Antagonist Therapy. VOLUME: 2 ISSUE: 1. Author(s):Domenic A. Sica. Affiliation:Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Hypertension, Division of Nephrology, Box 980160, MCV Station, Medical College of Virginia of Virginia Commonwealth University,Richmond, Virginia 23298-0160, USA.. Keywords:Spironolactone, eplerenone, aldosterone receptor antagonism, hyperkalemia, heart failure, resistant hypertension. Abstract: Spironolacotone and eplerenone are mineralocorticoid-blocking agents. These compounds block both the epithelial and non-epithelial actions of aldosterone with the latter assuming increasing clinical importance. Spironolactone and eplerenone both effectively reduce blood pressure either as mono- or add-on therapy; moreover, they each offer survival benefits in diverse circumstances of heart failure and the potential for renal protection in proteinuric chronic kidney disease. However, as the use of mineralocorticoid-blocking ...
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The effect of aldosterone blockade in patients with Alport syndrome | SpringerLinkThe effect of aldosterone blockade in patients with Alport syndrome | SpringerLink
Recent studies indicate that adding the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone (SP) to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or ACEI and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB),...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00467-006-0270-8
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Therapy with spironolactone is often associated with estrogenlike side-effects, including impotence and gynecomastia in men and menstrual irregularity in women. Several possible mechanisms by which spironolactone could cause these side-effects have been identified. Spironolactone has been shown to affect both gonadal and adrenal steroidogenesis, to elevate plasma gonadotrophin levels in children, and to act as an antiandrogen at the target tissue level. This conference presents a discussion of how these effects might interact to produce the endocrine side effects associated with spironolactone therapy. ...
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Aldosterone antagonists (or aldosterone blockers) are a class of medications used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. They work on the same hormone system as ACE inhibitors and ARBs, but in a slightly different way. Aldosterone antagonists block the receptors in the body for the hormone aldosterone, causing the kidneys to hold onto more potassium and get rid of more fluid by increasing urine output. Less fluid in the body means lower blood pressure and less total blood volume, reducing the hearts workload and easing the strain on the heart. Getting rid of excess fluid helps relieve the symptoms of heart failure that are caused by fluid buildup, such as shortness of breath and swelling in the legs.. Aldosterone antagonists are not routine therapy for women with heart failure because they are less proven than other medications in the same class, including ACE inhibitors and ARBs. but are beneficial in selected women with systolic heart failure(blood pumping problems) who have recently ...
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Selective Aldosterone Blockade with Eplerenone Reduces Albuminuria in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes | American Society of...Selective Aldosterone Blockade with Eplerenone Reduces Albuminuria in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes | American Society of...
Although aldosterone was classically described to act on renal epithelial cells, recent evidence suggests that the most significant contribution of aldosterone to both cardiovascular and renal disease results from nonepithelial, fibrotic, and proinflammatory effects at a number of target organs, including the heart and the kidneys. Epstein (9,10,33) reviewed the rapidly emerging preclinical evidence for aldosterone as a mediator of progressive renal disease. Consistent with previous findings using spironolactone (34), eplerenone has been demonstrated to confer renal protection independent of its effects on BP (15,17). In concert, these preclinical studies in diverse rat models demonstrated that the renal injury and fibrosis that are induced by aldosterone infusion are characterized by a florid inflammatory component that involves macrophage infiltration and cytokine upregulation. In addition, treatment with eplerenone reduced osteopontin and expression of proinflammatory molecules, with ...
https://cjasn.asnjournals.org/content/1/5/940?ijkey=95e8a274ebfa1ea4b42125336df80a29469eee34&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Aldosterone Blockade Ups Left Ventricular Diastolic Function - MPRAldosterone Blockade Ups Left Ventricular Diastolic Function - MPR
For patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, aldosterone blockade with spironolactone improves left ventricular diastolic function, but has no impact on maximal exercise capacity, quality of life, or patient symptoms.
http://www.empr.com/news/aldosterone-blockade-ups-left-ventricular-diastolic-function/article/282034/
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To answer your question, Yes. Topical stimulation is another you can make unwanted hair worse. The spironolactone your on is a androgen blocker. Spironolactone will help prevent some of the thin vellus hairs from turning into terminal (course) hair. When you topically stimulate the hair by waxing, threading, sugaring, or tweezing the area, the body sends more blood to the area to repair the injured area. Hair serves as protection for the skin, so naturally when you rip it out of the blood supply, its a injury to the follicle. Since the hair gets its nourishment from the blood supply, the hair removed by waxing in your case would be stimulated. The blood supply will become healthier and stronger and with time, your unwanted hair will grow deeper and courser. Plus when you wax, you remove all the hair .. the course, medium and fine hair, so you are topically stimulating the medium and finer hair which will end up turning into terminal course hairs ...
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http://www.lifescript.com/health/centers/hypertension/drugs/spironolactone_and_hydrochlorothiazide.aspx
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7α-Thiomethylspironolactone (7α-TMS; developmental code name SC-26519) is a steroidal antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogen of the spirolactone group and the major active metabolite of spironolactone.[1] Other important metabolites of spironolactone include 7α-thiospironolactone (7α-TS; SC-24813), 6β-hydroxy-7α-thiomethylspironolactone (6β-OH-7α-TMS), and canrenone (SC-9376).[2][3][1][4] Spironolactone is a prodrug with a short terminal half-life of 1.4 hours.[5][6][7] The active metabolites of spironolactone have extended terminal half-lives of 13.8 hours for 7α-TMS, 15.0 hours for 6β-OH-7α-TMS, and 16.5 hours for canrenone, and accordingly, these metabolites are responsible for the therapeutic effects of the drug.[5][6] 7α-TS and 7α-TMS have been found to possess approximately equivalent affinity for the rat ventral prostate androgen receptor (AR) relative to that of spironolactone.[8] The affinity of 7α-TS, 7α-TMS, and spironolactone for the rat prostate AR is about 3.0 to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7%CE%B1-Thiomethylspironolactone
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BACKGROUND: Treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) is increasingly used to reduce proteinuria and retard the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, resolution of proteinuria may be incomplete with these therapies and the addition of an aldosterone antagonist may be added to further prevent progression of CKD. This is an update of a review first published in 2009.. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of aldosterone antagonists (both selective (eplerenone) and non-selective (spironolactone)) alone or in combination with ACEi or ARB in adults who have CKD with proteinuria (nephrotic and non-nephrotic range) on: patient-centred endpoints including major cardiovascular events, hospitalisation and all-cause mortality; kidney function (proteinuria, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), serum creatinine, and need for renal replacement therapy; and adverse events (including gynaecomastia and hyperkalaemia).. SEARCH METHODS: For ...
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Drugs may be covered by multiple patents or regulatory protections. All trademarks and applicant names are the property of their respective owners or licensors. Although great care is taken in the proper and correct provision of this service, thinkBiotech LLC does not accept any responsibility for possible consequences of errors or omissions in the provided data. The data presented herein is for information purposes only. There is no warranty that the data contained herein is error free. thinkBiotech performs no independent verifification of facts as provided by public sources nor are attempts made to provide legal or investing advice. Any reliance on data provided herein is done solely at the discretion of the user. Users of this service are advised to seek professional advice and independent confirmation before considering acting on any of the provided information. thinkBiotech LLC reserves the right to amend, extend or withdraw any part or all of the offered service without notice. ...
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Our immunohistochemistry results indicated that the MR was not primarily located in the nucleus in normal DRG, translocating there only early after DRG inflammation. For the classical nuclear actions of the MR receptor, such translocation is generally taken as evidence for activation. The observations in normal DRG may seem to contradict the general view that the MR in most tissues should be chronically activated by basal plasma levels of corticosterone (except in tissues such as kidney where corticosterone is enzymatically degraded)-the affinity of the MR for corticosterone is higher than its affinity for aldosterone, so the (much higher) basal plasma levels of corticosterone should chronically activate the MR. RNA for the enzyme that degrades corticosterone in classical aldosterone-sensitive tissues, 11-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II, is present in DRG21 though it is not known if this is neuronal or perhaps associated with vascular cells. In addition, the MR can apparently have forms ...
http://anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org/article.aspx?articleid=1925988
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The constellation of cardiovascular risk factors represented by metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Cardiac complications of MS include abnormal left ventricular (LV) structure and function, leading progressively to congestive heart failure (1-5). As the prevalence of this condition rises to nearly a quarter of the adult population, exceeding 40% in those older than 50 years (6), these cardiac ramifications are likely to become a major public health concern.. The mechanisms behind cardiac derangements in MS are multifactorial, but one of the pivotal contributors is thought to be myocardial fibrosis (7). Accordingly, measures targeting this pathophysiology might improve outcomes by reducing the pathological substrate accounting for myocardial impairment. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system has been incriminated in the process of cardiac fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis. However, although angiotensin-converting ...
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Aldactone official prescribing information for healthcare professionals. Includes: indications, dosage, adverse reactions, pharmacology and more.Spironolactone for acne. Spironolactone for acne is a steroid treatment used in women. Its effectiveness against acne is proven when it is about acne caused by Read about acne treatment, home remedies, medication side effects, and learn what causes and what prevents pimples. Plus, get information on how to get rid of acne …How to Get Rid of Body Acne. Body acne can be embarrassing, uncomfortable, and hard to eliminate. Body acne is caused by the same plugged pores, hormones, and Learn more about this common skin condition, including causes, acne treatments and simple skin care steps you can do at home to help control it.Cystic acne is the most severe form of acne and is characterized by painful nodules on the face, back, chest, and neck. Read about treatment, medications, home The Treatment of Cystic Acne M. G. Davis, MD, FRCPC Department of Medicine, ...
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Rationale and design of the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist Trial: A...Rationale and design of the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist Trial: A...
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Does the aldosterone: renin ratio (ARR) predict the efficacy of spironolactone over bendroflumethiazide in hypertension? The...Does the aldosterone: renin ratio (ARR) predict the efficacy of spironolactone over bendroflumethiazide in hypertension? The...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Does the aldosterone: renin ratio (ARR) predict the efficacy of spironolactone over bendroflumethiazide in hypertension? The RENALDO study. AU - Parthasarathy, H. K.. AU - Alhashmi, K.. AU - Mcmahon, A. D.. AU - Ford, I.. AU - Struthers, A. D.. AU - Connell, J. M. C.. AU - Mcinnes, G. T.. AU - Macdonald, T. M.. PY - 2008/9. Y1 - 2008/9. U2 - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehn377. DO - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehn377. M3 - Meeting abstract. VL - 29. SP - 754. EP - 754. JO - European Heart Journal. JF - European Heart Journal. SN - 0195-668X. IS - Suppl. 1. M1 - 4441. T2 - ESC Congress 2008. Y2 - 30 August 2008 through 3 September 2008. ER - ...
https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/publications/does-the-aldosterone-renin-ratio-arr-predict-the-efficacy-of-spir
Spironolactone - Diuretic for Dogs and CatsSpironolactone - Diuretic for Dogs and Cats
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Abstract Spironolactone has been noted to attenuate cardiac fibrosis. We have observed that the cardiotonic steroid marinobufagenin plays an important role in the diastolic dysfunc..
https://www.omicsonline.org/references/spironolactone-attenuates-experimental-uremic-cardiomyopathy-by-antagonizing-marinobufagenin-1038546.html
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BOMTBOMT
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Canrenone Drospirenone Spironolactone J. Elks (14 November 2014). The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, ... Animal research found that it was 3.3-fold more potent as an antimineralocorticoid relative to spironolactone. In addition to ... It is 2- to 3-fold as potent as spironolactone as a progestogen and antigonadotropin but its antiandrogenic activity is ... is a steroidal antimineralocorticoid of the spirolactone group related to spironolactone that was never marketed. ...
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Glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronismGlucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism
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HyperkalemiaHyperkalemia
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AltizideAltizide
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DrospirenoneDrospirenone
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DiureticDiuretic
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Hair-an syndromeHair-an syndrome
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6β-Hydroxy-7α-thiomethylspironolactone6β-Hydroxy-7α-thiomethylspironolactone
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http://cuztomize.info/nasal-decongestants/spironolactone-articles.php
Spironolactone - WikipediaSpironolactone - Wikipedia
Spironolactone belongs to a class of medications known as potassium-sparing diuretics. Spironolactone was discovered in 1957 ... Also, spironolactone has been shown to be immunosuppressive in the treatment of sarcoidosis. Spironolactone can cause ... In females spironolactone can induce menstrual disturbances, breast enlargement and breast tenderness.78 In men spironolactone ... This is evidenced by the usefulness of spironolactone as an antiandrogen in transgender women. Spironolactone is frequently ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spironolactone
Spironolactone: MedlinePlus Drug InformationSpironolactone: MedlinePlus Drug Information
Spironolactone: learn about side effects, dosage, special precautions, and more on MedlinePlus ... Only take the spironolactone product prescribed by your doctor and do not switch to a different spironolactone product unless ... Continue to take spironolactone even if you feel well. Do not stop taking spironolactone without talking to your doctor. ... Before taking spironolactone,. *tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to spironolactone; any other medications; ...
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682627.html
Spironolactone | drug | Britannica.comSpironolactone | drug | Britannica.com
Spironolactone, a diuretic, is also a weak inhibitor of the androgen receptor and a weak inhibitor of testosterone synthesis. ... Drugs such as spironolactone act as antagonists of aldosterone and compete with it for its site of action in the distal tubule ... Spironolactone, a diuretic, is also a weak inhibitor of the androgen receptor and a weak inhibitor of testosterone synthesis. ... As with most antagonists, spironolactone has no direct action of its own but simply prevents the action of the hormone, thereby ...
https://www.britannica.com/science/spironolactone
Lasilactone (spironolactone, furosemide)Lasilactone (spironolactone, furosemide)
... spironolactone which is a type of medicine called a potassium-sparing diuretic and furosemide is a type of medicine called a ... Lasilactone (spironolactone, furosemide). Lasilactone capsules contain two active ingredients, spironolactone which is a type ... Spironolactone works by blocking the actions of a hormone in the body called aldosterone. This hormone is produced by glands ... Spironolactone may increase the level of potassium in your blood. If this medicine is taken with other medicines that can ...
https://www.netdoctor.co.uk/medicines/heart-blood/a6990/lasilactone-spironolactone-furosemide/
SpironolactoneSpironolactone
... Used for congestive heart failure that was supposed to save lives, Spironolactone also caused dozens of deaths ... I was taking spironolactone for about a year to treat acne. I was diagnosed at 43 with breast cancer. I do not have a family ... MY DOCTOR PERSCRIBED SPIRONOLACTONE TO ME BUT HE DIDNT SAY WHAT FOR. NOW I AM HAVING SEVERE HOT FLASHES BECAUSE OF TH DRG ... I was on Spironolactone for about 10-12 years for severe acne and the side effects were tolerable up until almost 2 years ago ...
https://www.lawyersandsettlements.com/lawsuit/spironolactone.html
Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazide: MedlinePlus Drug InformationSpironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazide: MedlinePlus Drug Information
Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazide: learn about side effects, dosage, special precautions, and more on MedlinePlus ... Before taking spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide,. *tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to spironolactone, ... Continue to take spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide even if you feel well. Do not stop taking spironolactone and ... Take spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than ...
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a601111.html
Aldactone (spironolactone): Side Effects (Weight Gain) & UsesAldactone (spironolactone): Side Effects (Weight Gain) & Uses
... spironolactone) is a prescription diuretic used to remove the excess fluid caused by congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the ... Aldactone (spironolactone) is classified as a potassium-sparing diuretic. It is prescribed for the treatment of congestive ... How should I keep spironolactone stored?. Aldactone should be stored at room temperature, below 25 C (77 F). ... What preparations of spironolactone are available?. Tablets: 25, 50, and 100 mg ...
https://www.medicinenet.com/spironolactone/article.htm
Spironolactone prophylaxis in mountain sickness. | The BMJSpironolactone prophylaxis in mountain sickness. | The BMJ
Spironolactone prophylaxis in mountain sickness.. Br Med J 1980; 280 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.280.6229.1453 (Published ...
http://www.bmj.com/content/280/6229/1453.1
DailyMed - SPIRONOLACTONE tabletDailyMed - SPIRONOLACTONE tablet
Spironolactone has been shown to be a tumorigen in chronic toxicity studies in rats (see Precautions). Spironolactone should be ... Spironolactone may cause mild acidosis.. Gynecomastia may develop in association with the use of spironolactone; physicians ... Spironolactone oral tablets contain 25 mg, 50 mg, or 100 mg of the aldosterone antagonist spironolactone, 17-hydroxy-7α- ... Spironolactone causes increased amounts of sodium and water to be excreted, while potassium is retained. Spironolactone acts ...
https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=b926d89c-2759-4dba-8895-533f9c8ca5e2
Prescriber Checkup | SPIRONOLACTONEPrescriber Checkup | SPIRONOLACTONE
Prescriber Checkup » SPIRONOLACTONE SPIRONOLACTONE. Aldactone (spironolactone) is a potassium-sparing diuretic that blocks ...
https://projects.propublica.org/checkup/drugs/2044
Epiduo vs Spironolactone Comparison - Drugs.comEpiduo vs Spironolactone Comparison - Drugs.com
Epiduo rated 7.4/10 vs Spironolactone rated 7.6/10 in overall patient satisfaction. ... Compare Epiduo vs Spironolactone head-to-head for uses, ratings, cost, side effects, interactions and more. ... For Acne Im 42 and began taking spironolactone and using Differin for adult acne about a year ago. It took almost 8 months to ... Spironolactone is a diuretic that may be used to remove excess fluid (edema) from the body, lower blood pressure, or treat ...
https://www.drugs.com/compare/epiduo-vs-spironolactone
Spironolactone or Finasteride? - Hair Loss (Alopecia) - MedHelpSpironolactone or Finasteride? - Hair Loss (Alopecia) - MedHelp
Im 26 and a type1 diabetic, I have been taking Spironolactone for its anti-androg... ... Spironolactone or Finasteride?. This question is not really about hair loss even thought the Doc who is a Endocrinologist is ... Or are there better alternatives? Or should I continue on the 200mg Spironolactone and see if the symptoms go away? Thanks for ... Or are there better alternatives? Or should I continue on the 200mg Spironolactone and see if the symptoms go away? Thanks for ...
http://www.medhelp.org/posts/Hair-Loss-Alopecia/Spironolactone-or-Finasteride/show/1630062
Prednisone and spironolactone Drug Interactions - Drugs.comPrednisone and spironolactone Drug Interactions - Drugs.com
A Moderate Drug Interaction exists between prednisone and spironolactone. View detailed information regarding this drug ... PredniSONE may reduce the effects of spironolactone in lowering blood pressure. The interaction is most likely to occur when ...
https://www.drugs.com/drug-interactions/prednisone-with-spironolactone-1936-0-2105-0.html
Spironolactone in Resistant Hypertension | HypertensionSpironolactone in Resistant Hypertension | Hypertension
... have removed specific mention of spironolactone from the recommendations. This may possibly reflect that spironolactone in the ... 4 We compared spironolactone with bendroflumethiazide in a randomized controlled study. Only spironolactone reduced arterial ... As spironolactone is not licensed in the UK, was there a difference between the prevalence of its use in the "Anglo" and ... Effect of spironolactone on blood pressure in subjects with resistant hypertension. Hypertension. 2007; 49: 839-845. ...
http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/50/3/e57
Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazide | Lifescript.comSpironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazide | Lifescript.com
Learn about spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide side effects, how to take spironolactone and... ... Before taking spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide,. *tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to spironolactone, ... Continue to take spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide even if you feel well. Do not stop taking spironolactone and ... Spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not ...
http://www.lifescript.com/health/centers/hypertension/drugs/spironolactone_and_hydrochlorothiazide.aspx
Spironolactone: uses & side-effects | PatientsLikeMeSpironolactone: uses & side-effects | PatientsLikeMe
Find treatment reviews for Spironolactone from other patients. Learn from their experiences about effectiveness, side effects ...
https://www.patientslikeme.com/treatment/spironolactone?brand=f
Interactions between Spironolactone-Hydrochlorothiazide Oral and potassium-sparing-diuretics-drospirenoneInteractions between Spironolactone-Hydrochlorothiazide Oral and potassium-sparing-diuretics-drospirenone
WebMD provides information about interactions between Spironolactone-Hydrochlorothiazide Oral and potassium-sparing-diuretics- ... Drugs & MedicationsSPIRONOLACTONE-HCTZ. Drospirenone/Potassium Sparing Diuretics Interactions. This information is generalized ...
https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-3043/spironolactone-hydrochlorothiazide-oral/details/list-interaction-details/dmid-1582/dmtitle-potassium-sparing-diuretics-drospirenone/intrtype-drug
Spironolactone And Hydrochlorothiazide (Oral Route) Precautions - Mayo ClinicSpironolactone And Hydrochlorothiazide (Oral Route) Precautions - Mayo Clinic
Do not take other medicines unless they have been discussed with your doctor. This especially includes potassium supplements or salt substitutes containing potassium, certain diuretics (such as amiloride, triamterene (Dyazide®, Dyrenium®, Maxzide®, Midamor®, Moduretic®), or other products containing spironolactone (Aldactone®). Check with your doctor immediately if blurred vision, difficulty reading, eye pain, or any other change in vision occurs during or after treatment. This could be a sign of a serious eye problem. Your doctor may want an eye doctor to check your eyes. This medicine may cause dizziness, drowsiness, lightheadedness, or fainting, especially when you get up suddenly from a lying or sitting position. Make sure you know how you react to this medicine before you drive, use machines, or do anything ...
https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/spironolactone-and-hydrochlorothiazide-oral-route/precautions/drg-20071484
Spironolactone versus placebo or ... preview & related info | MendeleySpironolactone versus placebo or ... preview & related info | Mendeley
... spironolactone of varying dosages, or spironolactone and steroids versus steroids alone when used to reduce hair growth and ... Spironolactone versus placebo or in combination with steroids for hirsutism and/or acne. *Brown J ... Authors conclusions: From the studies included in this review, there is some evidence to show that spironolactone is an ... Brown, J., Farquhar, C., Lee, O., Toomath, R., & Jepson, R. G. (2009). Spironolactone versus placebo or in combination with ...
https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/99b2b7c5-5b74-3e01-bba8-87ff6cbf27b6/
Aldactone (Spironolactone): Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions, WarningAldactone (Spironolactone): Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions, Warning
Spironolactone) may treat, side effects, dosage, drug interactions, warnings, patient labeling, reviews, and related ... relative to spironolactone were 1.10, 1.28, and 0.32, respectively. Relative to spironolactone, their binding affinities to the ... Changes in NYHA class were more favorable with spironolactone: In the spironolactone group, NYHA class at the end of the study ... Spironolactone. 1.30. 80 ng/mL at 2.6 hr. Approximately 1.4 hr (0.5) (β half-life). ...
https://www.rxlist.com/aldactone-drug.htm
SpironolactoneSpironolactone
... Systematic (IUPAC) name 7α-Acetylthio-3-oxo-17α-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone Identifiers CAS ... Studies of spironolactone and the related compound potassium canrenoate (which, like spironolactone, metabolizes to canrenone) ... Spironolactone (marketed under the trade names Aldactone, Novo-Spiroton, Spiractin, Spirotone, Verospiron or Berlactone) is a ... On its own, spironolactone is only a weak diuretic, but it can be combined with other diuretics. About one person in one ...
https://www.bionity.com/en/encyclopedia/Spironolactone.html
Top results for spironolactone - Trip DatabaseTop results for spironolactone - Trip Database
4. Spironolactone Spironolactone Top results for spironolactone - Trip Database or use your Google+ account Turning Research ... Spironolactone for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Full Text available with Trip Pro. Spironolactone for heart ... Spironolactone and renin-angiotensin system drugs in heart failure: risk of potentially fatal hyperkalaemia Spironolactone and ... Gamechanger? Is Spironolactone the Magic Bullet for Resistant Hypertension? Gamechanger? Is Spironolactone the Magic Bullet for ...
https://www.tripdatabase.com/top/spironolactone
Spironolactone-Hydrochlorothiazide: uses & side-effects | PatientsLikeMeSpironolactone-Hydrochlorothiazide: uses & side-effects | PatientsLikeMe
Find the most comprehensive real-world treatment information on Spironolactone-Hydrochlorothiazide at PatientsLikeMe. 14 ... bipolar I disorder or mild depression currently take Spironolactone-Hydrochlorothiazide. ...
https://www.patientslikeme.com/treatment/spironolactone-hydrochlorothiazide?sort=most-recent
hydrochlorothiazide and spironolactone | Cignahydrochlorothiazide and spironolactone | Cigna
Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that also prevents your body from absorbing too much salt and keeps your ... HCTZ-Spironolactone 25 mg-25 mg-GRE. slide 3 of 5, HCTZ-Spironolactone 25 mg-25 mg-GRE, ... HCTZ-Spironolactone 25 mg-25 mg-MYL. slide 4 of 5, HCTZ-Spironolactone 25 mg-25 mg-MYL, ... hydrochlorothiazide and spironolactone. Skip to the navigation Pronunciation: HYE dro KLOR oh THY a zide and spir ON oh LAK ...
https://www.cigna.com/healthwellness/hw/medications/hydrochlorothiazide-and-spironolactone-d03247a1
Spironolactone/HCTZ Oral : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing - WebMDSpironolactone/HCTZ Oral : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing - WebMD
Find patient medical information for Spironolactone/HCTZ Oral on WebMD including its uses, side effects and safety, ... How to use Spironolactone/HCTZ Tablet. Take this medication by mouth with or without food, usually once or twice daily or as ... Spironolactone also helps to treat or prevent low blood potassium levels and block the activity of a certain natural substance ... Spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide both pass into breast milk but are unlikely to harm a nursing infant. Consult your ...
https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-21422/spironolactone-hctz-oral/details
Spironolactone in Diabetic Nephropathy - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govSpironolactone in Diabetic Nephropathy - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Spironolactone in Diabetic Nephropathy. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study ... Spironolactone. Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists. Hormone Antagonists. Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone ... Beneficial impact of spironolactone in diabetic nephropathy. Kidney Int. 2005 Dec;68(6):2829-36. ... Beneficial effects of adding spironolactone to recommended antihypertensive treatment in diabetic nephropathy: a randomized, ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00317954
Definition of spironolactone - NCI Drug Dictionary - National Cancer InstituteDefinition of spironolactone - NCI Drug Dictionary - National Cancer Institute
Spironolactone competitively inhibits adrenocortical hormone aldosterone activity in the distal renal tubules, myocardium, and ... A synthetic 17-spironolactone corticosteroid with potassium-sparing diuretic, antihypertensive, and antiandrogen activities. ... spironolactone A synthetic 17-spironolactone corticosteroid with potassium-sparing diuretic, antihypertensive, and antiandrogen ... Spironolactone competitively inhibits adrenocortical hormone aldosterone activity in the distal renal tubules, myocardium, and ...
https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-drug/def/spironolactone
Can You Use Spironolactone to Treat Acne? | POPSUGAR BeautyCan You Use Spironolactone to Treat Acne? | POPSUGAR Beauty
Can You Use Spironolactone to Treat Acne?. This Womans Acne Completely Disappeared With the Help of This 1 Treatment February ... Spironolactone is primarily used to treat blood pressure, according to Dr. Perry. However, "in some cases it can be used as a ... She heard about spironolactone when researching polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), which is another common cause of acne. "I ... Id heard about using spironolactone as a treatment and she agreed to let me try it under her supervision. I began taking 50mg ...
https://www.popsugar.com/beauty/Can-You-Use-Spironolactone-Treat-Acne-44579930
Spironolactone for Hidradenitis Suppurativa - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govSpironolactone for Hidradenitis Suppurativa - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Drug: Spironolactone 50 MG Drug: Spironolactone 100mg Drug: Spironolactone 200 mg Phase 4 ... Patients taking 50mg Spironolactone. Drug: Spironolactone 50 MG Study visit timeline: initial visit [consent and enrollment ... Patients taking 200mg Spironolactone. Drug: Spironolactone 200 mg Study visit timeline: initial visit [consent and enrollment ... Patients taking 100mg Spironolactone. Drug: Spironolactone 100mg Study visit timeline: initial visit [consent and enrollment ...
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04100083?term=hidradenitis+suppurativa&rank=2
Spironolactone - DrugBankSpironolactone - DrugBank
Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazide. Spironolactone (25 mg/1) + Hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg/1). Tablet. Oral. Sun ... Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazide. Spironolactone (25 mg/1) + Hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg/1). Tablet. Oral. Mylan ... Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazide. Spironolactone (25 mg/1) + Hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg/1). Tablet. Oral. Mylan ... Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazide. Spironolactone (25 mg/1) + Hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg/1). Tablet. Oral. Physicians ...
https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00421
AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsHealth Care
SpironolactoneMineralocorticoid Receptor AntagonistsCanrenoneAldosteroneHyperkalemiaCanrenoic AcidReceptors, MineralocorticoidDiureticsPregnadienesFludrocortisoneBendroflumethiazideTriamtereneHyperaldosteronismGynecomastiaMineralocorticoidsHeart FailurePotassiumHypokalemiaReninEndomyocardial FibrosisSodium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsHirsutismAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsChlorthalidoneMifepristoneHypertensionBlood PressureDigoxinMetolazoneHydrochlorothiazideDrug Therapy, CombinationChlorothiazideDouble-Blind MethodFurosemideFibrosisAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2AdrenalectomyDihydralazineAmilorideProcollagenSodium Potassium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsAlopeciaEndocrinologyAlopecia AreataHair5-alpha Reductase InhibitorsFatigue Syndrome, ChronicPleurodynia, EpidemicBipolar DisorderAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityAmyotrophic Lateral SclerosisGastroesophageal RefluxIrritable Bowel Syndrome
DiureticTake SpironolactoneMedicationEffects of SpironolactoneHypertensionAcneAntihypertensive effectReceptorsPeriod of spironolactoneCertain patients with hyperaldosteronismPrescriptionPurchase spironolactonePrescribe spironolactoneAldactone 100 mgEffectHyperkalemiaAntiandrogenicTabletDosageKidneyHeart failureDecreaseBlood pressureMedicinesTestosteronePlaceboIngredientAllergicWater pill
Diuretic7
  • Spironolactone is a pottassium sparing diuretic . (healthtap.com)
  • Spironolactone is a weak diuretic and is used because it does not require pottassium supplementation unlike other diueretics. (healthtap.com)
  • Spironolactone is a diuretic and can be used to get rid of the body's extra fluid. (healthtap.com)
  • Spironolactone (marketed under the trade names Aldactone , Novo-Spiroton , Aldactazide , Spiractin , Spirotone , Verospiron or Berlactone ), commonly referred to as simply spiro , is a diuretic and is used as an antiandrogen . (curecrowd.com)
  • Spironolactone is a prescription diuretic used to treat congestive heart failure and fluid accumulation in the abdomen. (bridgmanpm.co.nz)
  • Sun Pharma has spironolactone 25 mg tablets in 100 and 1000 count, 50 mg tablets in 60 and 500 count, and 100 mg in 100 count on back order and the company cannot estimate a release date SPIRONOLACTONE is a diuretic. (bridgmanpm.co.nz)
  • Aldactone is a brand name for spironolactone, a diuretic that treats high blood pressure and high levels of aldosterone hormone. (lifestyle-pharmacy.com)
Take Spironolactone2
  • Take spironolactone exactly as directed. (1meds.com)
  • Continue to take spironolactone even if you feel well. (1meds.com)
Medication4
  • Generic Aldactone (Spironolactone) is a medication used for a variety of heart, kidney, and liver-related conditions in which fluid build-up and increased blood pressure occur. (rxshop.md)
  • Please describe the medication: spironolactone? (healthtap.com)
  • Buy Aldactone online over the counter in approved store, Spironolactone medication for sale in australia. (uniquemed.net)
  • Order Aldactone pills online approved Spironolactone medication alternative. (uniquemed.net)
Effects of Spironolactone1
Hypertension4
  • We compared the efficacy, safety and tolerability of eplerenone versus spironolactone in patients with hypertension associated with primary aldosteronism. (dundee.ac.uk)
  • Conclusion The antihypertensive effect of spironolactone was significantly greater than that of eplerenone in hypertension associated with primary aldosteronism. (dundee.ac.uk)
  • We compared the efficacy, safety and tolerability of eplerenone versus spironolactone in patients with hypertension associated with primary aldosteronism.Methods The study was multicentre, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, and parallel group design. (dundee.ac.uk)
  • Aldactone is used to reduce edema caused by heart, liver or kidney problems, high blood pressure (hypertension), and certain patients with hyperaldosteronism Spironolactone tablets should always be administered with fluid and preferably with food to aid absorption. (bridgmanpm.co.nz)
Acne2
  • I recently stop using spironolactone that was prescribed for acne. (healthtap.com)
  • At 35 I still have severe acne have used accutan, spironolactone, differin (adapalene). (healthtap.com)
Antihypertensive effect2
  • in these persons, the antihypertensive effect of spironolactone may exceed that of complex combined regimens of other antihypertensives. (curecrowd.com)
  • The primary efficacy endpoint was the antihypertensive effect of eplerenone versus spironolactone to establish noninferiority of eplerenone in the mean change from baseline in seated DBP. (dundee.ac.uk)
Receptors3
  • Spironolactone blocks androgen receptors. (healthtap.com)
  • Blockade of aldosterone receptors by spironolactone, in addition to standard therapy, substantially reduces the risk of both morbidity and death among patients with severe heart failure. (nih.gov)
  • Because spironolactone reduces the body's production of testosterone and also blocks its testosterone receptors, in men it can cause gynecomastia , impotence , erectile dysfunction , loss of sex drive and other conditions such as reduction of muscle mass, fatigue and physical weakness which are also generally associated with low testosterone levels and hypogonadism in males. (curecrowd.com)
Period of spironolactone1
  • Following a single-blind, placebo run-in period, patients were randomized 1 : 1 to a 16-week double-blind, treatment period of spironolactone (75-225 mg once daily) or eplerenone (100-300 mg once daily) using a titration-to-effect design. (dundee.ac.uk)
Certain patients with hyperaldosteronism1
Prescription1
  • Buy Spironolactone with no Prescription. (rxshop.md)
Purchase spironolactone1
  • You should order Aldactone over counter and get customer support for purchase Spironolactone in drugs store. (uniquemed.net)
Prescribe spironolactone2
  • Can a regular doctor prescribe spironolactone or only dermatologists? (healthtap.com)
  • In this study, spironolactone users had a greater comorbidity burden at baseline than matched non-users, suggesting that the presence of certain comorbidities may be contributing factors in the decision to prescribe spironolactone. (biomedcentral.com)
Aldactone 100 mg1
Effect4
  • In the distal sections of the nephron, Spironolactone inhibits the retention of sodium and water by aldosterone and suppresses the potassium-releasing effect of aldosterone, reduces the synthesis of permeases in the aldosterone-dependent region of the collecting tubules and distal tubules. (rxshop.md)
  • Which is best potassium sparing drug for htn (less side effect, effective, &popular) spironolactone or triamterene you recommend for your patients. (healthtap.com)
  • The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. (nih.gov)
  • and spironolactone antagonized this effect, suggesting that coronary mineralocorticoid receptor activation may regulate macrophage infiltration. (elsevier.com)
Hyperkalemia1
  • Potassium supplementation should not be administered while taking spironolactone as this may cause hyperkalemia , a potentially deadly condition. (curecrowd.com)
Antiandrogenic1
  • Background Eplerenone is claimed to be a more selective blocker of the mineralocorticoid receptor than spironolactone being associated with fewer antiandrogenic side-effects. (dundee.ac.uk)
Tablet4
  • Spironolactone comes as a tablet to take by mouth. (1meds.com)
  • Obat spironolactone tersedia dalam bentuk tablet oral dengan sediaan dosis 25 mg, 50 mg, dan 100 mg. 3. (horisont.ee)
  • In many parts of the world, aldactone 20 mg Europe and Asia especially, it's quite common C-Pill Order Viagra to eat duck Aldactone tablet 25 Mg dengan kandungan Spironolactone 25 mg. (horisont.ee)
  • Easy to administer as a tablet, hidden in a pill pocket as a treat For the management of edema associated with heart failure in adults, some experts recommend initiating spironolactone at a low dosage (e. (bridgmanpm.co.nz)
Dosage1
  • Physicians must be careful to monitor potassium levels in both males and females who are taking spironolactone, especially during the first twelve months of use and whenever dosage is increased. (curecrowd.com)
Kidney1
  • During the post-inclusion period, disease progression and clinical events of interest such as acute kidney injury were more commonly observed in spironolactone users than non-users. (biomedcentral.com)
Heart failure4
  • Generic Aldactone (Spironolactone) is a drug used for blood pressure lowering as well as swelling reduction in numerous conditions including congestive heart failure, liver cirrhosis, hypokalemia, and others. (rxshop.md)
  • This 30 percent reduction in the risk of death among patients in the spironolactone group was attributed to a lower risk of both death from progressive heart failure and sudden death from cardiac causes. (nih.gov)
  • For this reason, men are not typically prescribed spironolactone for any longer than a short period of time as for acute heart failure. (curecrowd.com)
  • Severe heart failure (NYHA class III - IV) Add two hundred (200) spironolactone 25 mg (for 2. (bridgmanpm.co.nz)
Decrease2
  • Spironolactone is used in pcos syndrome to decrease androgens leading to hirsuitism. (healthtap.com)
  • We propose that long-term spironolactone treatment may be a therapeutic strategy to decrease TRPC expression and coronary pathology associated with MetS. (elsevier.com)
Blood pressure2
  • Spironolactone, a 'water pill,' is used to treat high blood pressure and fluid retention caused by various conditions, including heart disease. (1meds.com)
  • Spironolactone controls high blood pressure but does not cure it. (1meds.com)
Medicines1
  • Spironolactone also is used in combination with other medicines to treat precocious puberty or myasthenia gravis. (1meds.com)
Testosterone1
Placebo1
  • A total of 822 patients were randomly assigned to receive 25 mg of spironolactone daily, and 841 to receive placebo. (nih.gov)
Ingredient1
Allergic1
  • tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to spironolactone, sulfa drugs, or any other drugs. (1meds.com)
Water pill1
  • Spironolactone is a water pill that avoids your body from absorbing excess of salt. (bridgmanpm.co.nz)
Generic Aldactone (Spironolactone) - Blood Pressure > viagra-schweiz...
Generic Aldactone (Spironolactone) - Blood Pressure > viagra-schweiz... (designarena.ch)
DailyMed - ALDACTAZIDE- spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide tablet, film coated
DailyMed - ALDACTAZIDE- spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide tablet, film coated (dailymed.nlm.nih.gov)
Spironolactone | drug | Britannica.com
Spironolactone | drug | Britannica.com (britannica.com)
Aldactone, Spironolactone | ePharmapedia
Aldactone, Spironolactone | ePharmapedia (epharmapedia.com)
Which medications in the drug class Diuretic Agents are used in the treatment of Budd-Chiari Syndrome?
Which medications in the drug class Diuretic Agents are used in the treatment of Budd-Chiari Syndrome? (medscape.com)
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Medication: Hypoglycemic Agents, Antiandrogens, Topical Hair-Removal Agents, Oral Contraceptives,...
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Medication: Hypoglycemic Agents, Antiandrogens, Topical Hair-Removal Agents, Oral Contraceptives,... (emedicine.medscape.com)
58 81 V Pill Images (White / Elliptical / Oval)
58 81 V Pill Images (White / Elliptical / Oval) (drugs.com)
Dilated Cardiomyopathy Medication: ACE Inhibitors, Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs), Cardiovascular, Others, Aldosterone...
Dilated Cardiomyopathy Medication: ACE Inhibitors, Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs), Cardiovascular, Others, Aldosterone... (emedicine.medscape.com)
Acquired Mitral Stenosis Medication: Diuretics, Potassium-sparing diuretics, Inotropic-antiarrhythmic agents, Class II...
Acquired Mitral Stenosis Medication: Diuretics, Potassium-sparing diuretics, Inotropic-antiarrhythmic agents, Class II... (emedicine.medscape.com)
AN 515 Pill Images (Beige / Round)
AN 515 Pill Images (Beige / Round) (drugs.com)
Acne Vulgaris Medication: Acne Products, Retinoid-like Agents, Antibiotics, Estrogens/Progestins, Aldosterone Antagonists,...
Acne Vulgaris Medication: Acne Products, Retinoid-like Agents, Antibiotics, Estrogens/Progestins, Aldosterone Antagonists,... (emedicine.medscape.com)
Lasilactone (spironolactone, furosemide)
Lasilactone (spironolactone, furosemide) (netdoctor.co.uk)
Spironolactone
Spironolactone (lawyersandsettlements.com)
Top 10 Best Hair Loss Treatments | Livestrong.com
Top 10 Best Hair Loss Treatments | Livestrong.com (livestrong.com)
Can dill pickles be causing my potassium to get too low?
Can dill pickles be causing my potassium to get too low? (drugs.com)
Spironolactone for Hidradenitis Suppurativa - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Spironolactone for Hidradenitis Suppurativa - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov (clinicaltrials.gov)
Spironolactone And Hydrochlorothiazide (Oral Route) Precautions - Mayo Clinic
Spironolactone And Hydrochlorothiazide (Oral Route) Precautions - Mayo Clinic (mayoclinic.org)
New Search
New Search (business-standard.com)
Doxycycline : Doxycycline hyclate price, Doxycycline or spironolactone for acne
Doxycycline : Doxycycline hyclate price, Doxycycline or spironolactone for acne (playmags.net)
SPIRONOLACTONE - Discount Prescription Card - Save up to 80% on medications
SPIRONOLACTONE - Discount Prescription Card - Save up to 80% on medications (freerxsaver.com)
Spironolactone in Resistant Hypertension | Hypertension
Spironolactone in Resistant Hypertension | Hypertension (hyper.ahajournals.org)
Over the Counter Medications for Dizziness | Livestrong.com
Over the Counter Medications for Dizziness | Livestrong.com (livestrong.com)
High Blood Pressure / Hypertension Help - Forums and Discussions - MedHelp - Page 4
High Blood Pressure / Hypertension Help - Forums and Discussions - MedHelp - Page 4 (medhelp.org)
Can You Use Spironolactone to Treat Acne? | POPSUGAR Beauty
Can You Use Spironolactone to Treat Acne? | POPSUGAR Beauty (popsugar.com)
Pathophysiology of Spironolactone-Induced Gynecomastia | Annals of Internal Medicine | American College of Physicians
Pathophysiology of Spironolactone-Induced Gynecomastia | Annals of Internal Medicine | American College of Physicians (annals.org)
Lasix & Diet | Livestrong.com
Lasix & Diet | Livestrong.com (livestrong.com)
SPIRONOLACTONE TABLETS, USP | Spironolactone [Carilion Materials Management] | BioPortfolio
SPIRONOLACTONE TABLETS, USP | Spironolactone [Carilion Materials Management] | BioPortfolio (bioportfolio.com)
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Spironolactone | Springer for Research & Development (rd.springer.com)
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Controlling Ventricular Arrhythmias In Boxers - Veterinary Practice News (veterinarypracticenews.com)