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SpineCervical VertebraeLumbar VertebraeSpinal DiseasesSpinal InjuriesThoracic VertebraeDendritesSpinal FusionSpinal FracturesSpinal NeoplasmsBone DensitySynapsesHippocampusIntervertebral DiscSpinal Cord CompressionScoliosisKyphosisIntervertebral Disc DisplacementSpinal CurvaturesNeuronal PlasticityZygapophyseal JointLaminectomyLumbosacral RegionAbsorptiometry, PhotonPyramidal CellsOrthopedic ProceduresSpinal CanalLordosisBone ScrewsDecompression, SurgicalSpinal StenosisNeuronsTuberculosis, SpinalOrthopedic Fixation DevicesSpinal OsteophytosisDiskectomyOsteoporosisSpondylolisthesisSilver StainingFemur NeckSpondylitisRange of Motion, ArticularSacrumBack PainDislocationsMagnetic Resonance ImagingTractionTomography, X-Ray ComputedIntervertebral Disc DegenerationHipOsteoporosis, PostmenopausalSpondylosisCadaverRadiographyAxisMyelographyWeight-BearingRadiculopathyNeurosurgical ProceduresLow Back PainNeck InjuriesAtlanto-Axial JointFractures, BoneReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateReceptors, AMPADiscitisTotal Disc ReplacementCA1 Region, HippocampalIliumNeck PainOssification of Posterior Longitudinal LigamentLong-Term PotentiationLigamentum FlavumBone Diseases, MetabolicSpondylitis, AnkylosingTreatment OutcomePostureSpinal Cord DiseasesImmobilizationSynaptic TransmissionCell Surface ExtensionsModels, AnatomicExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsDura MaterOdontoid ProcessPost-Synaptic DensityPelvisMicroscopy, ConfocalRats, Sprague-DawleyJoint InstabilityGuanylate KinaseProstheses and ImplantsNerve Tissue ProteinsRetrospective StudiesGreen Fluorescent ProteinsManipulation, SpinalEpidural SpaceFluoroscopyBone and BonesHyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic SkeletalPelvic BonesCells, CulturedAtlanto-Occipital JointRadiusSpinal Cord NeoplasmsSpinal Cord InjuriesBone TransplantationTime FactorsLigamentsPostoperative ComplicationsCerebral CortexPurkinje CellsPseudarthrosisBracesImaging, Three-DimensionalPseudopodiaVertebroplastySpondylolysisOrgan Culture TechniquesWhiplash InjuriesBone PlatesImage Processing, Computer-AssistedPain MeasurementBone Density Conservation AgentsSacroiliac JointFinite Element AnalysisEndoplasmic Reticulum, SmoothOrthopedicsFollow-Up StudiesSpinal Nerve RootsFemurRotationFractures, SpontaneousRibsActinsOsteoblastomaAnkylosisModels, NeurologicalLaryngoscopesWounds, NonpenetratingCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2Mice, Inbred C57BLAnalysis of VarianceSynovial CystOrthopedic EquipmentPresynaptic TerminalsReceptors, GlutamateAnimals, NewbornMovementSpinal CordCell ShapeParaplegiaNeuropilOrthotic DevicesQuadriplegiaOccipital BoneAlendronateProspective StudiesReproducibility of ResultsHip JointOsteoma, OsteoidMicroscopy, Fluorescence, MultiphotonMicrofilament ProteinsNeckMicroscopy, ElectronMice, TransgenicChordomaOsteomyelitisSurgery, Computer-AssistedNerve Compression SyndromesIschiumBone RemodelingBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorSurgical Procedures, Minimally InvasiveAgingBackObserver VariationHematoma, Epidural, SpinalGuanine Nucleotide Exchange FactorsMicroscopy, ImmunoelectronEpidural AbscessMice, KnockoutPolyradiculopathyOsteophyteSynaptic MembranesCalciumPrefrontal CortexGlutamic AcidNeurosurgeryAccidents, TrafficExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsAge FactorsNeuronavigationEmbryo, MammalianDisability EvaluationFragile X Mental Retardation ProteinAthletic InjuriesLuminescent ProteinsFracture Fixation, InternalVesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1Patch-Clamp Techniques
Spine: The spinal or vertebral column.Cervical Vertebrae: The first seven VERTEBRAE of the SPINAL COLUMN, which correspond to the VERTEBRAE of the NECK.Lumbar Vertebrae: VERTEBRAE in the region of the lower BACK below the THORACIC VERTEBRAE and above the SACRAL VERTEBRAE.Spinal DiseasesSpinal Injuries: Injuries involving the vertebral column.Thoracic Vertebrae: A group of twelve VERTEBRAE connected to the ribs that support the upper trunk region.Dendrites: Extensions of the nerve cell body. They are short and branched and receive stimuli from other NEURONS.Spinal Fusion: Operative immobilization or ankylosis of two or more vertebrae by fusion of the vertebral bodies with a short bone graft or often with diskectomy or laminectomy. (From Blauvelt & Nelson, A Manual of Orthopaedic Terminology, 5th ed, p236; Dorland, 28th ed)Spinal Fractures: Broken bones in the vertebral column.Spinal NeoplasmsBone Density: The amount of mineral per square centimeter of BONE. This is the definition used in clinical practice. Actual bone density would be expressed in grams per milliliter. It is most frequently measured by X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY or TOMOGRAPHY, X RAY COMPUTED. Bone density is an important predictor for OSTEOPOROSIS.Synapses: Specialized junctions at which a neuron communicates with a target cell. At classical synapses, a neuron's presynaptic terminal releases a chemical transmitter stored in synaptic vesicles which diffuses across a narrow synaptic cleft and activates receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of the target cell. The target may be a dendrite, cell body, or axon of another neuron, or a specialized region of a muscle or secretory cell. Neurons may also communicate via direct electrical coupling with ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES. Several other non-synaptic chemical or electric signal transmitting processes occur via extracellular mediated interactions.Hippocampus: A curved elevation of GRAY MATTER extending the entire length of the floor of the TEMPORAL HORN of the LATERAL VENTRICLE (see also TEMPORAL LOBE). The hippocampus proper, subiculum, and DENTATE GYRUS constitute the hippocampal formation. Sometimes authors include the ENTORHINAL CORTEX in the hippocampal formation.Intervertebral Disc: Any of the 23 plates of fibrocartilage found between the bodies of adjacent VERTEBRAE.Spinal Cord Compression: Acute and chronic conditions characterized by external mechanical compression of the SPINAL CORD due to extramedullary neoplasm; EPIDURAL ABSCESS; SPINAL FRACTURES; bony deformities of the vertebral bodies; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations vary with the anatomic site of the lesion and may include localized pain, weakness, sensory loss, incontinence, and impotence.Scoliosis: An appreciable lateral deviation in the normally straight vertical line of the spine. (Dorland, 27th ed)Kyphosis: Deformities of the SPINE characterized by an exaggerated convexity of the vertebral column. The forward bending of the thoracic region usually is more than 40 degrees. This deformity sometimes is called round back or hunchback.Intervertebral Disc Displacement: An INTERVERTEBRAL DISC in which the nucleus pulposus has protruded through surrounding fibrocartilage. This occurs most frequently in the lower lumbar region.Spinal Curvatures: Deformities of the SPINE characterized by abnormal bending or flexure in the vertebral column. They may be bending forward (KYPHOSIS), backward (LORDOSIS), or sideway (SCOLIOSIS).Neuronal Plasticity: The capacity of the NERVOUS SYSTEM to change its reactivity as the result of successive activations.Zygapophyseal Joint: The joint that occurs between facets of the interior and superior articular processes of adjacent VERTEBRAE.Laminectomy: A surgical procedure that entails removing all (laminectomy) or part (laminotomy) of selected vertebral lamina to relieve pressure on the SPINAL CORD and/or SPINAL NERVE ROOTS. Vertebral lamina is the thin flattened posterior wall of vertebral arch that forms the vertebral foramen through which pass the spinal cord and nerve roots.Lumbosacral Region: Region of the back including the LUMBAR VERTEBRAE, SACRUM, and nearby structures.Absorptiometry, Photon: A noninvasive method for assessing BODY COMPOSITION. It is based on the differential absorption of X-RAYS (or GAMMA RAYS) by different tissues such as bone, fat and other soft tissues. The source of (X-ray or gamma-ray) photon beam is generated either from radioisotopes such as GADOLINIUM 153, IODINE 125, or Americanium 241 which emit GAMMA RAYS in the appropriate range; or from an X-ray tube which produces X-RAYS in the desired range. It is primarily used for quantitating BONE MINERAL CONTENT, especially for the diagnosis of OSTEOPOROSIS, and also in measuring BONE MINERALIZATION.Pyramidal Cells: Projection neurons in the CEREBRAL CORTEX and the HIPPOCAMPUS. Pyramidal cells have a pyramid-shaped soma with the apex and an apical dendrite pointed toward the pial surface and other dendrites and an axon emerging from the base. The axons may have local collaterals but also project outside their cortical region.Orthopedic Procedures: Procedures used to treat and correct deformities, diseases, and injuries to the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM, its articulations, and associated structures.Spinal Canal: The cavity within the SPINAL COLUMN through which the SPINAL CORD passes.Lordosis: The anterior concavity in the curvature of the lumbar and cervical spine as viewed from the side. The term usually refers to abnormally increased curvature (hollow back, saddle back, swayback). It does not include lordosis as normal mating posture in certain animals ( = POSTURE + SEX BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL).Bone Screws: Specialized devices used in ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY to repair bone fractures.Decompression, Surgical: A surgical operation for the relief of pressure in a body compartment or on a body part. (From Dorland, 28th ed)Spinal Stenosis: Narrowing of the spinal canal.Neurons: The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.Tuberculosis, Spinal: Osteitis or caries of the vertebrae, usually occurring as a complication of tuberculosis of the lungs.Orthopedic Fixation Devices: Devices which are used in the treatment of orthopedic injuries and diseases.Spinal Osteophytosis: Outgrowth of immature bony processes or bone spurs (OSTEOPHYTE) from the VERTEBRAE, reflecting the presence of degenerative disease and calcification. It commonly occurs in cervical and lumbar SPONDYLOSIS.Diskectomy: Excision, in part or whole, of an INTERVERTEBRAL DISC. The most common indication is disk displacement or herniation. In addition to standard surgical removal, it can be performed by percutaneous diskectomy (DISKECTOMY, PERCUTANEOUS) or by laparoscopic diskectomy, the former being the more common.Osteoporosis: Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis.Spondylolisthesis: Forward displacement of a superior vertebral body over the vertebral body below.Silver Staining: The use of silver, usually silver nitrate, as a reagent for producing contrast or coloration in tissue specimens.Femur Neck: The constricted portion of the thigh bone between the femur head and the trochanters.Spondylitis: Inflammation of the SPINE. This includes both arthritic and non-arthritic conditions.Range of Motion, Articular: The distance and direction to which a bone joint can be extended. Range of motion is a function of the condition of the joints, muscles, and connective tissues involved. Joint flexibility can be improved through appropriate MUSCLE STRETCHING EXERCISES.Sacrum: Five fused VERTEBRAE forming a triangle-shaped structure at the back of the PELVIS. It articulates superiorly with the LUMBAR VERTEBRAE, inferiorly with the COCCYX, and anteriorly with the ILIUM of the PELVIS. The sacrum strengthens and stabilizes the PELVIS.Back Pain: Acute or chronic pain located in the posterior regions of the THORAX; LUMBOSACRAL REGION; or the adjacent regions.DislocationsMagnetic Resonance Imaging: Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.Traction: The pull on a limb or a part thereof. Skin traction (indirect traction) is applied by using a bandage to pull on the skin and fascia where light traction is required. Skeletal traction (direct traction), however, uses pins or wires inserted through bone and is attached to weights, pulleys, and ropes. (From Blauvelt & Nelson, A Manual of Orthopaedic Terminology, 5th ed)Tomography, X-Ray Computed: Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Degenerative changes in the INTERVERTEBRAL DISC due to aging or structural damage, especially to the vertebral end-plates.Hip: The projecting part on each side of the body, formed by the side of the pelvis and the top portion of the femur.Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal: Metabolic disorder associated with fractures of the femoral neck, vertebrae, and distal forearm. It occurs commonly in women within 15-20 years after menopause, and is caused by factors associated with menopause including estrogen deficiency.Spondylosis: A degenerative spinal disease that can involve any part of the VERTEBRA, the INTERVERTEBRAL DISK, and the surrounding soft tissue.Cadaver: A dead body, usually a human body.Radiography: Examination of any part of the body for diagnostic purposes by means of X-RAYS or GAMMA RAYS, recording the image on a sensitized surface (such as photographic film).AxisMyelography: X-ray visualization of the spinal cord following injection of contrast medium into the spinal arachnoid space.Weight-Bearing: The physical state of supporting an applied load. This often refers to the weight-bearing bones or joints that support the body's weight, especially those in the spine, hip, knee, and foot.Radiculopathy: Disease involving a spinal nerve root (see SPINAL NERVE ROOTS) which may result from compression related to INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; SPINAL CORD INJURIES; SPINAL DISEASES; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include radicular pain, weakness, and sensory loss referable to structures innervated by the involved nerve root.Neurosurgical Procedures: Surgery performed on the nervous system or its parts.Low Back Pain: Acute or chronic pain in the lumbar or sacral regions, which may be associated with musculo-ligamentous SPRAINS AND STRAINS; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; and other conditions.Neck Injuries: General or unspecified injuries to the neck. It includes injuries to the skin, muscles, and other soft tissues of the neck.Atlanto-Axial Joint: The joint involving the CERVICAL ATLAS and axis bones.Fractures, Bone: Breaks in bones.Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate: A class of ionotropic glutamate receptors characterized by affinity for N-methyl-D-aspartate. NMDA receptors have an allosteric binding site for glycine which must be occupied for the channel to open efficiently and a site within the channel itself to which magnesium ions bind in a voltage-dependent manner. The positive voltage dependence of channel conductance and the high permeability of the conducting channel to calcium ions (as well as to monovalent cations) are important in excitotoxicity and neuronal plasticity.Receptors, AMPA: A class of ionotropic glutamate receptors characterized by their affinity for the agonist AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid).Discitis: Inflammation of an INTERVERTEBRAL DISC or disk space which may lead to disk erosion. Until recently, discitis has been defined as a nonbacterial inflammation and has been attributed to aseptic processes (e.g., chemical reaction to an injected substance). However, recent studies provide evidence that infection may be the initial cause, but perhaps not the promoter, of most cases of discitis. Discitis has been diagnosed in patients following discography, myelography, lumbar puncture, paravertebral injection, and obstetrical epidural anesthesia. Discitis following chemonucleolysis (especially with chymopapain) is attributed to chemical reaction by some and to introduction of microorganisms by others.Total Disc Replacement: The replacement of intervertebral discs in the spinal column with artificial devices. The procedure is done in the lumbar or cervical spine to relieve severe pain resulting from INTERVERTEBRAL DISC DEGENERATION.CA1 Region, Hippocampal: One of four subsections of the hippocampus described by Lorente de No, located furthest from the DENTATE GYRUS.Ilium: The largest of three bones that make up each half of the pelvic girdle.Neck Pain: Discomfort or more intense forms of pain that are localized to the cervical region. This term generally refers to pain in the posterior or lateral regions of the neck.Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament: A calcification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spinal column, usually at the level of the cervical spine. It is often associated with anterior ankylosing hyperostosis.Long-Term Potentiation: A persistent increase in synaptic efficacy, usually induced by appropriate activation of the same synapses. The phenomenological properties of long-term potentiation suggest that it may be a cellular mechanism of learning and memory.Ligamentum Flavum: The paired bands of yellow elastic tissue that connect adjoining laminae of the vertebrae. With the laminae, it forms the posterior wall of the spinal canal and helps hold the body erect.Bone Diseases, MetabolicSpondylitis, Ankylosing: A chronic inflammatory condition affecting the axial joints, such as the SACROILIAC JOINT and other intervertebral or costovertebral joints. It occurs predominantly in young males and is characterized by pain and stiffness of joints (ANKYLOSIS) with inflammation at tendon insertions.Treatment Outcome: Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.Posture: The position or attitude of the body.Spinal Cord Diseases: Pathologic conditions which feature SPINAL CORD damage or dysfunction, including disorders involving the meninges and perimeningeal spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Traumatic injuries, vascular diseases, infections, and inflammatory/autoimmune processes may affect the spinal cord.Immobilization: The restriction of the MOVEMENT of whole or part of the body by physical means (RESTRAINT, PHYSICAL) or chemically by ANALGESIA, or the use of TRANQUILIZING AGENTS or NEUROMUSCULAR NONDEPOLARIZING AGENTS. It includes experimental protocols used to evaluate the physiologic effects of immobility.Synaptic Transmission: The communication from a NEURON to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a SYNAPSE. In chemical synaptic transmission, the presynaptic neuron releases a NEUROTRANSMITTER that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific synaptic receptors, activating them. The activated receptors modulate specific ion channels and/or second-messenger systems in the postsynaptic cell. In electrical synaptic transmission, electrical signals are communicated as an ionic current flow across ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES.Cell Surface Extensions: Specialized structures of the cell that extend the cell membrane and project out from the cell surface.Models, Anatomic: Three-dimensional representation to show anatomic structures. Models may be used in place of intact animals or organisms for teaching, practice, and study.Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials: Depolarization of membrane potentials at the SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES of target neurons during neurotransmission. Excitatory postsynaptic potentials can singly or in summation reach the trigger threshold for ACTION POTENTIALS.Dura Mater: The outermost of the three MENINGES, a fibrous membrane of connective tissue that covers the brain and the spinal cord.Odontoid Process: The toothlike process on the upper surface of the axis, which articulates with the CERVICAL ATLAS above.Post-Synaptic Density: Cytoskeleton specialization at the cytoplasmic side of postsynaptic membrane in SYNAPSES. It is involved in neuronal signaling and NEURONAL PLASTICITY and comprised of GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS; scaffolding molecules (e.g., PSD95, PSD93), and other proteins (e.g., CaCMKII).Pelvis: The space or compartment surrounded by the pelvic girdle (bony pelvis). It is subdivided into the greater pelvis and LESSER PELVIS. The pelvic girdle is formed by the PELVIC BONES and SACRUM.Microscopy, Confocal: A light microscopic technique in which only a small spot is illuminated and observed at a time. An image is constructed through point-by-point scanning of the field in this manner. Light sources may be conventional or laser, and fluorescence or transmitted observations are possible.Rats, Sprague-Dawley: A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.Joint Instability: Lack of stability of a joint or joint prosthesis. Factors involved are intra-articular disease and integrity of extra-articular structures such as joint capsule, ligaments, and muscles.Guanylate Kinase: Catalyzes the ATP-dependent PHOSPHORYLATION of GMP to generate GDP and ADP.Prostheses and Implants: Artificial substitutes for body parts, and materials inserted into tissue for functional, cosmetic, or therapeutic purposes. Prostheses can be functional, as in the case of artificial arms and legs, or cosmetic, as in the case of an artificial eye. Implants, all surgically inserted or grafted into the body, tend to be used therapeutically. IMPLANTS, EXPERIMENTAL is available for those used experimentally.Nerve Tissue ProteinsRetrospective Studies: Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.Green Fluorescent Proteins: Protein analogs and derivatives of the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein that emit light (FLUORESCENCE) when excited with ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They are used in REPORTER GENES in doing GENETIC TECHNIQUES. Numerous mutants have been made to emit other colors or be sensitive to pH.Manipulation, Spinal: Adjustment and manipulation of the vertebral column.Epidural Space: Space between the dura mater and the walls of the vertebral canal.Fluoroscopy: Production of an image when x-rays strike a fluorescent screen.Bone and Bones: A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principle cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX.Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal: A disease of elderly men characterized by large osteophytes that bridge vertebrae and ossification of ligaments and tendon insertions.Pelvic Bones: Bones that constitute each half of the pelvic girdle in VERTEBRATES, formed by fusion of the ILIUM; ISCHIUM; and PUBIC BONE.Cells, Cultured: Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.Atlanto-Occipital Joint: The point of articulation between the OCCIPITAL BONE and the CERVICAL ATLAS.Radius: The outer shorter of the two bones of the FOREARM, lying parallel to the ULNA and partially revolving around it.Spinal Cord Neoplasms: Benign and malignant neoplasms which occur within the substance of the spinal cord (intramedullary neoplasms) or in the space between the dura and spinal cord (intradural extramedullary neoplasms). The majority of intramedullary spinal tumors are primary CNS neoplasms including ASTROCYTOMA; EPENDYMOMA; and LIPOMA. Intramedullary neoplasms are often associated with SYRINGOMYELIA. The most frequent histologic types of intradural-extramedullary tumors are MENINGIOMA and NEUROFIBROMA.Spinal Cord Injuries: Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g., WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.).Bone Transplantation: The grafting of bone from a donor site to a recipient site.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Ligaments: Shiny, flexible bands of fibrous tissue connecting together articular extremities of bones. They are pliant, tough, and inextensile.Postoperative Complications: Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.Cerebral Cortex: The thin layer of GRAY MATTER on the surface of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES that develops from the TELENCEPHALON and folds into gyri and sulchi. It reaches its highest development in humans and is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions.Purkinje Cells: The output neurons of the cerebellar cortex.Pseudarthrosis: A pathologic entity characterized by deossification of a weight-bearing long bone, followed by bending and pathologic fracture, with inability to form normal BONY CALLUS leading to existence of the "false joint" that gives the condition its name. (Dorland, 27th ed)Braces: Orthopedic appliances used to support, align, or hold parts of the body in correct position. (Dorland, 28th ed)Imaging, Three-Dimensional: The process of generating three-dimensional images by electronic, photographic, or other methods. For example, three-dimensional images can be generated by assembling multiple tomographic images with the aid of a computer, while photographic 3-D images (HOLOGRAPHY) can be made by exposing film to the interference pattern created when two laser light sources shine on an object.Pseudopodia: A dynamic actin-rich extension of the surface of an animal cell used for locomotion or prehension of food.Vertebroplasty: Procedures to repair or stabilize vertebral fractures, especially compression fractures accomplished by injecting BONE CEMENTS into the fractured VERTEBRAE.Spondylolysis: Deficient development or degeneration of a portion of the VERTEBRA, usually in the pars interarticularis (the bone bridge between the superior and inferior facet joints of the LUMBAR VERTEBRAE) leading to SPONDYLOLISTHESIS.Organ Culture Techniques: A technique for maintenance or growth of animal organs in vitro. It refers to three-dimensional cultures of undisaggregated tissue retaining some or all of the histological features of the tissue in vivo. (Freshney, Culture of Animal Cells, 3d ed, p1)Whiplash Injuries: Hyperextension injury to the neck, often the result of being struck from behind by a fast-moving vehicle, in an automobile accident. (From Segen, The Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)Bone Plates: Implantable fracture fixation devices attached to bone fragments with screws to bridge the fracture gap and shield the fracture site from stress as bone heals. (UMDNS, 1999)Image Processing, Computer-Assisted: A technique of inputting two-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer.Pain Measurement: Scales, questionnaires, tests, and other methods used to assess pain severity and duration in patients or experimental animals to aid in diagnosis, therapy, and physiological studies.Bone Density Conservation Agents: Agents that inhibit BONE RESORPTION and/or favor BONE MINERALIZATION and BONE REGENERATION. They are used to heal BONE FRACTURES and to treat METABOLIC BONE DISEASES such as OSTEOPOROSIS.Sacroiliac Joint: The immovable joint formed by the lateral surfaces of the SACRUM and ILIUM.Finite Element Analysis: A computer based method of simulating or analyzing the behavior of structures or components.Endoplasmic Reticulum, Smooth: A type of endoplasmic reticulum lacking associated ribosomes on the membrane surface. It exhibits a wide range of specialized metabolic functions including supplying enzymes for steroid synthesis, detoxification, and glycogen breakdown. In muscle cells, smooth endoplasmic reticulum is called SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM.Orthopedics: A surgical specialty which utilizes medical, surgical, and physical methods to treat and correct deformities, diseases, and injuries to the skeletal system, its articulations, and associated structures.Follow-Up Studies: Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.Spinal Nerve Roots: Paired bundles of NERVE FIBERS entering and leaving the SPINAL CORD at each segment. The dorsal and ventral nerve roots join to form the mixed segmental spinal nerves. The dorsal roots are generally afferent, formed by the central projections of the spinal (dorsal root) ganglia sensory cells, and the ventral roots are efferent, comprising the axons of spinal motor and PREGANGLIONIC AUTONOMIC FIBERS.Femur: The longest and largest bone of the skeleton, it is situated between the hip and the knee.Rotation: Motion of an object in which either one or more points on a line are fixed. It is also the motion of a particle about a fixed point. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Fractures, Spontaneous: Fractures occurring as a result of disease of a bone or from some undiscoverable cause, and not due to trauma. (Dorland, 27th ed)Ribs: A set of twelve curved bones which connect to the vertebral column posteriorly, and terminate anteriorly as costal cartilage. Together, they form a protective cage around the internal thoracic organs.Actins: Filamentous proteins that are the main constituent of the thin filaments of muscle fibers. The filaments (known also as filamentous or F-actin) can be dissociated into their globular subunits; each subunit is composed of a single polypeptide 375 amino acids long. This is known as globular or G-actin. In conjunction with MYOSINS, actin is responsible for the contraction and relaxation of muscle.Osteoblastoma: A benign, painful, tumor of bone characterized by the formation of osteoid tissue, primitive bone and calcified tissue. It occurs frequently in the spine of young persons. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)Ankylosis: Fixation and immobility of a joint.Models, Neurological: Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the neurological system, processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.Laryngoscopes: Endoscopes for examining the interior of the larynx.Wounds, Nonpenetrating: Injuries caused by impact with a blunt object where there is no penetration of the skin.Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2: A multifunctional calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subtype that occurs as an oligomeric protein comprised of twelve subunits. It differs from other enzyme subtypes in that it lacks a phosphorylatable activation domain that can respond to CALCIUM-CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE KINASE.Mice, Inbred C57BLAnalysis of Variance: A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.Synovial Cyst: Non-neoplastic tumor-like lesions at joints, developed from the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE of a joint through the JOINT CAPSULE into the periarticular tissues. They are filled with SYNOVIAL FLUID with a smooth and translucent appearance. A synovial cyst can develop from any joint, but most commonly at the back of the knee, where it is known as POPLITEAL CYST.Orthopedic Equipment: Nonexpendable items used in the performance of orthopedic surgery and related therapy. They are differentiated from ORTHOTIC DEVICES, apparatus used to prevent or correct deformities in patients.Presynaptic Terminals: The distal terminations of axons which are specialized for the release of neurotransmitters. Also included are varicosities along the course of axons which have similar specializations and also release transmitters. Presynaptic terminals in both the central and peripheral nervous systems are included.Receptors, Glutamate: Cell-surface proteins that bind glutamate and trigger changes which influence the behavior of cells. Glutamate receptors include ionotropic receptors (AMPA, kainate, and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors), which directly control ion channels, and metabotropic receptors which act through second messenger systems. Glutamate receptors are the most common mediators of fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. They have also been implicated in the mechanisms of memory and of many diseases.Animals, Newborn: Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.Movement: The act, process, or result of passing from one place or position to another. It differs from LOCOMOTION in that locomotion is restricted to the passing of the whole body from one place to another, while movement encompasses both locomotion but also a change of the position of the whole body or any of its parts. Movement may be used with reference to humans, vertebrate and invertebrate animals, and microorganisms. Differentiate also from MOTOR ACTIVITY, movement associated with behavior.Spinal Cord: A cylindrical column of tissue that lies within the vertebral canal. It is composed of WHITE MATTER and GRAY MATTER.Cell Shape: The quality of surface form or outline of CELLS.Paraplegia: Severe or complete loss of motor function in the lower extremities and lower portions of the trunk. This condition is most often associated with SPINAL CORD DISEASES, although BRAIN DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES; and MUSCULAR DISEASES may also cause bilateral leg weakness.Neuropil: A dense intricate feltwork of interwoven fine glial processes, fibrils, synaptic terminals, axons, and dendrites interspersed among the nerve cells in the gray matter of the central nervous system.Orthotic Devices: Apparatus used to support, align, prevent, or correct deformities or to improve the function of movable parts of the body.Quadriplegia: Severe or complete loss of motor function in all four limbs which may result from BRAIN DISEASES; SPINAL CORD DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES; or rarely MUSCULAR DISEASES. The locked-in syndrome is characterized by quadriplegia in combination with cranial muscle paralysis. Consciousness is spared and the only retained voluntary motor activity may be limited eye movements. This condition is usually caused by a lesion in the upper BRAIN STEM which injures the descending cortico-spinal and cortico-bulbar tracts.Occipital Bone: Part of the back and base of the CRANIUM that encloses the FORAMEN MAGNUM.Alendronate: A nonhormonal medication for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women. This drug builds healthy bone, restoring some of the bone loss as a result of osteoporosis.Prospective Studies: Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.Reproducibility of Results: The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.Hip Joint: The joint that is formed by the articulation of the head of FEMUR and the ACETABULUM of the PELVIS.Osteoma, Osteoid: Benign circumscribed tumor of spongy bone occurring especially in the bones of the extremities and vertebrae, most often in young persons. (Dorland, 27th ed)Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton: Fluorescence microscopy utilizing multiple low-energy photons to produce the excitation event of the fluorophore. Multiphoton microscopes have a simplified optical path in the emission side due to the lack of an emission pinhole, which is necessary with normal confocal microscopes. Ultimately this allows spatial isolation of the excitation event, enabling deeper imaging into optically thick tissue, while restricting photobleaching and phototoxicity to the area being imaged.Microfilament Proteins: Monomeric subunits of primarily globular ACTIN and found in the cytoplasmic matrix of almost all cells. They are often associated with microtubules and may play a role in cytoskeletal function and/or mediate movement of the cell or the organelles within the cell.Neck: The part of a human or animal body connecting the HEAD to the rest of the body.Microscopy, Electron: Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.Mice, Transgenic: Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.Chordoma: A malignant tumor arising from the embryonic remains of the notochord. It is also called chordocarcinoma, chordoepithelioma, and notochordoma. (Dorland, 27th ed)OsteomyelitisSurgery, Computer-Assisted: Surgical procedures conducted with the aid of computers. This is most frequently used in orthopedic and laparoscopic surgery for implant placement and instrument guidance. Image-guided surgery interactively combines prior CT scans or MRI images with real-time video.Nerve Compression Syndromes: Mechanical compression of nerves or nerve roots from internal or external causes. These may result in a conduction block to nerve impulses (due to MYELIN SHEATH dysfunction) or axonal loss. The nerve and nerve sheath injuries may be caused by ISCHEMIA; INFLAMMATION; or a direct mechanical effect.Ischium: One of three bones that make up the coxal bone of the pelvic girdle. In tetrapods, it is the part of the pelvis that projects backward on the ventral side, and in primates, it bears the weight of the sitting animal.Bone Remodeling: The continuous turnover of BONE MATRIX and mineral that involves first an increase in BONE RESORPTION (osteoclastic activity) and later, reactive BONE FORMATION (osteoblastic activity). The process of bone remodeling takes place in the adult skeleton at discrete foci. The process ensures the mechanical integrity of the skeleton throughout life and plays an important role in calcium HOMEOSTASIS. An imbalance in the regulation of bone remodeling's two contrasting events, bone resorption and bone formation, results in many of the metabolic bone diseases, such as OSTEOPOROSIS.Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor: A member of the nerve growth factor family of trophic factors. In the brain BDNF has a trophic action on retinal, cholinergic, and dopaminergic neurons, and in the peripheral nervous system it acts on both motor and sensory neurons. (From Kendrew, The Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994)Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive: Procedures that avoid use of open, invasive surgery in favor of closed or local surgery. These generally involve use of laparoscopic devices and remote-control manipulation of instruments with indirect observation of the surgical field through an endoscope or similar device.Aging: The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.Back: The rear surface of an upright primate from the shoulders to the hip, or the dorsal surface of tetrapods.Observer Variation: The failure by the observer to measure or identify a phenomenon accurately, which results in an error. Sources for this may be due to the observer's missing an abnormality, or to faulty technique resulting in incorrect test measurement, or to misinterpretation of the data. Two varieties are inter-observer variation (the amount observers vary from one another when reporting on the same material) and intra-observer variation (the amount one observer varies between observations when reporting more than once on the same material).Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal: A rare epidural hematoma in the spinal epidural space, usually due to a vascular malformation (CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS) or TRAUMA. Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma is a neurologic emergency due to a rapidly evolving compressive MYELOPATHY.Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors: Protein factors that promote the exchange of GTP for GDP bound to GTP-BINDING PROTEINS.Microscopy, Immunoelectron: Microscopy in which the samples are first stained immunocytochemically and then examined using an electron microscope. Immunoelectron microscopy is used extensively in diagnostic virology as part of very sensitive immunoassays.Epidural Abscess: Circumscribed collections of suppurative material occurring in the spinal or intracranial EPIDURAL SPACE. The majority of epidural abscesses occur in the spinal canal and are associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a vertebral body; ANALGESIA, EPIDURAL; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include local and radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, URINARY INCONTINENCE, and FECAL INCONTINENCE. Cranial epidural abscesses are usually associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a cranial bone, SINUSITIS, or OTITIS MEDIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p710 and pp1240-1; J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998 Aug;65(2):209-12)Mice, Knockout: Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.Polyradiculopathy: Disease or injury involving multiple SPINAL NERVE ROOTS. Polyradiculitis refers to inflammation of multiple spinal nerve roots.Osteophyte: Bony outgrowth usually found around joints and often seen in conditions such as ARTHRITIS.Synaptic Membranes: Cell membranes associated with synapses. Both presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are included along with their integral or tightly associated specializations for the release or reception of transmitters.Calcium: A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.Prefrontal Cortex: The rostral part of the frontal lobe, bounded by the inferior precentral fissure in humans, which receives projection fibers from the MEDIODORSAL NUCLEUS OF THE THALAMUS. The prefrontal cortex receives afferent fibers from numerous structures of the DIENCEPHALON; MESENCEPHALON; and LIMBIC SYSTEM as well as cortical afferents of visual, auditory, and somatic origin.Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.Neurosurgery: A surgical specialty concerned with the treatment of diseases and disorders of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral and sympathetic nervous system.Accidents, Traffic: Accidents on streets, roads, and highways involving drivers, passengers, pedestrians, or vehicles. Traffic accidents refer to AUTOMOBILES (passenger cars, buses, and trucks), BICYCLING, and MOTORCYCLES but not OFF-ROAD MOTOR VEHICLES; RAILROADS nor snowmobiles.Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists: Drugs that bind to but do not activate excitatory amino acid receptors, thereby blocking the actions of agonists.Age Factors: Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.Neuronavigation: Intraoperative computer-assisted 3D navigation and guidance system generally used in neurosurgery for tracking surgical tools and localize them with respect to the patient's 3D anatomy. The pre-operative diagnostic scan is used as a reference and is transferred onto the operative field during surgery.Embryo, Mammalian: The entity of a developing mammal (MAMMALS), generally from the cleavage of a ZYGOTE to the end of embryonic differentiation of basic structures. For the human embryo, this represents the first two months of intrauterine development preceding the stages of the FETUS.Disability Evaluation: Determination of the degree of a physical, mental, or emotional handicap. The diagnosis is applied to legal qualification for benefits and income under disability insurance and to eligibility for Social Security and workmen's compensation benefits.Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein: A RNA-binding protein that is found predominately in the CYTOPLASM. It helps regulate GENETIC TRANSLATION in NEURONS and is absent or under-expressed in FRAGILE X SYNDROME.Athletic Injuries: Injuries incurred during participation in competitive or non-competitive sports.Luminescent Proteins: Proteins which are involved in the phenomenon of light emission in living systems. Included are the "enzymatic" and "non-enzymatic" types of system with or without the presence of oxygen or co-factors.Fracture Fixation, Internal: The use of internal devices (metal plates, nails, rods, etc.) to hold the position of a fracture in proper alignment.Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1: A vesicular glutamate transporter protein that is predominately expressed in TELENCEPHALON of the BRAIN.Patch-Clamp Techniques: An electrophysiologic technique for studying cells, cell membranes, and occasionally isolated organelles. All patch-clamp methods rely on a very high-resistance seal between a micropipette and a membrane; the seal is usually attained by gentle suction. The four most common variants include on-cell patch, inside-out patch, outside-out patch, and whole-cell clamp. Patch-clamp methods are commonly used to voltage clamp, that is control the voltage across the membrane and measure current flow, but current-clamp methods, in which the current is controlled and the voltage is measured, are also used.

Microdeletion 22q11 and oesophageal atresia. (1/2187)

Oesophageal atresia (OA) is a congenital defect associated with additional malformations in 30-70% of the cases. In particular, OA is a component of the VACTERL association. Since some major features of the VACTERL association, including conotruncal heart defect, radial aplasia, and anal atresia, have been found in patients with microdeletion 22q11.2 (del(22q11.2)), we have screened for del(22q11.2) by fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) in 15 syndromic patients with OA. Del(22q11.2) was detected in one of them, presenting with OA, tetralogy of Fallot, anal atresia, neonatal hypocalcaemia, and subtle facial anomalies resembling those of velocardiofacial syndrome. The occurrence of del(22q11.2) in our series of patients with OA is low (1/15), but this chromosomal anomaly should be included among causative factors of malformation complexes with OA. In addition, clinical variability of del(22q11.2) syndrome is further corroborated with inclusion of OA in the list of the findings associated with the deletion.  (+info)

Cat-scratch disease with paravertebral mass and osteomyelitis. (2/2187)

The case of a 9-year-old girl with cat-scratch disease (CSD) complicated by development of a paravertebral mass and osteomyelitis is presented. Following multiple scratches and inguinal lymphadenopathy, she developed back pain, and imaging demonstrated a paravertebral mass with evidence of osteomyelitis involving vertebra T9. The diagnosis was made on the basis of detection of Bartonella henselae by use of molecular techniques on an aspirate from the vertebral column and supportive serology for infection with B. henselae. Eleven other cases of this unusual manifestation associated with CSD have been reported in the literature and are reviewed. The patient was treated with gentamicin, followed by rifampicin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, orally and made a favorable recovery over 7 months. This is comparable with other case reports, regardless of the choice of antibiotic therapy. CSD in immunocompetent hosts is not always self-limiting, and tissues beyond the lymph nodes can be involved.  (+info)

Morphological adaptation to thermal stress in a marine fish, Fundulus heteroclitus. (3/2187)

Populations of Fundulus heteroclitus (Cyprinodontidae), a coastal marine fish, were studied in control and artificially heated environments on the north shore of Long Island to determine patterns of variation in morphology and the extent to which this variation reflected adaptation to environmental characteristics. Principal components and discriminant function analyses were used to analyze variation in and among seventeen morphological characters. Fishes living in water artificially heated by a power plant exhibited marked divergence from control populations in head morphology, and convergence with a population sampled at more southern latitudes. Hence, these differences were interpreted as adaptations to warm environments. Greater morphological variation is detected at the heated locality than at control localities, and this may be partially due to a breakdown in developmental homeostasis, and partially due to selection favoring phenotypes that are rare in this environment.  (+info)

Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation for the treatment of severe scoliosis. (4/2187)

In a multicentric study, 36 cases (40 curves) of severe scoliosis were analysed; 19 were idiopathic and 17 neurological, Cobb angles ranged from 70 degrees to 145 degrees, all had undergone three-rod Cotrel-Dubousset (CD) instrumentation. The correction on the frontal plane achieved more than 50% of the preoperative angle (53.9% for idiopathic curves and 55.6% for neurological ones). On the sagittal plane the pathological shape of the spine was reduced and distinctly ameliorated. In ten patients, the authors successfully applied a technique, alternative to the original one, which was based on the use of two or three screws in the lumbar area, one supplementary pedicle transverse claw on the cranial area and two rods connected by a domino, instead of a single rod (the longer one applied on the concave side). The main complications were: one case of infection, three of vascular compression of the duodenum, one of crank-shaft phenomenon and one laminar hook displacement. The excellent result achieved in both, idiopathic and neurological severe and stiff scoliosis shows the efficacy, reliability and versatility of CD three-rod instrumentation.  (+info)

Long-term three-dimensional changes of the spine after posterior spinal instrumentation and fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. (5/2187)

This is a prospective study comparing the short- and long-term three-dimensional (3D) changes in shape, length and balance of the spine after spinal instrumentation and fusion in a group of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. The objective of the study was to evaluate the stability over time of the postoperative changes of the spine after instrumentation with multi rod, hook and screw instrumentation systems. Thirty adolescents (average age: 14.5+/-1.6 years) undergoing surgery by a posterior approach had computerized 3D reconstructions of the spine done at an average of 3 days preoperatively (stage I), and 2 months (stage II) and 2,5 years (stage III) after surgery, using a digital multi-planar radiographic technique. Stages I, II and III were compared using various geometrical parameters of spinal length, curve severity, and orientation. Significant improvement of curve magnitude between stages I and II was documented in the frontal plane for thoracic and lumbar curves, as well as in the orientation of the plane of maximum deformity, which was significantly shifted towards the sagittal plane in thoracic curves. However, there was a significant loss of this correction between stages II and III. Slight changes were noted in apical vertebral rotation, in thoracic kyphosis and in lumbar lordosis. Spinal length and height were significantly increased at stage II, but at long-term follow-up spinal length continued to increase while spinal height remained similar. These results indicate that although a significant 3D correction can be obtained after posterior instrumentation and fusion, a significant loss of correction and an increase in spinal length occur in the years following surgery, suggesting that a crankshaft phenomenon may be an important factor altering the long-term 3D correction after posterior instrumentation of the spine for idiopathic scoliosis.  (+info)

Complications of scoliosis surgery in children with myelomeningocele. (6/2187)

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether the high incidence of complications in scoliosis surgery in myelomeningocele (MMC) could be attributed to the surgical technique and whether improvements were possible. Between 1984 and 1996, 77 patients with MMC and scoliosis were treated surgically. The clinical and radiological follow-up ranged from 1 to 10 years with a mean follow-up of 3.6 years. The mean age at time of surgery was 12 years 8 months. The average preoperative scoliosis measured 90.20 degrees and was corrected by 47%. The first four patients were stabilized with Harrington rods after anterior correction with a Zielke device (group 1). Twenty-five patients were operated only from posterior, using Cotrel-Dubousset (CD) instrumentation (group 2). In 13 patients an anterior release and discectomy was performed prior to CD posterior instrumentation (group 3). In 26 patients (group 4) this was combined with an anterior instrumentation. The 9 patients of group 5 had congenital vertebral malformations which made a special treatment necessary. Complications could be divided into hardware problems, such as implant failure, dislocation or pseudarthrosis, infections, anesthetic, and neurologic complications. Hardware problems were seen in 29% of all patients. More hardware problems were seen with the Harrington rod (75%) and after solitary posterior instrumentation (30%). The occurrence of pseudarthrosis was dependent on the surgical technique, the extent of posterior spondylodesis, and lumbosacral fusion. Patients with hardware problems had a mean loss of correction of 49% compared to 13% in the other patients. Depending on the different surgical techniques a loss of more than 30% was seen in 12-75% of the cases. Early postoperative shunt failure occurred in four cases; delayed failure - after more than 1 year - in three cases. One patient died within 1 day due to an acute hydrocephalus, another died after 2 1/2 years because of chronic shunt insufficiency with herniation. Wound problems were not dependent on the surgical technique, but on the extent of posterior spondylodesis and the lumbosacral fusion. Based on this analysis we believe our current practice of instrumented anterior and posterior fusion is justified. Further, we are very careful to check shunt function prior to acute correction of spinal deformity.  (+info)

Characteristics of an extended internal fixation system for polysegmental transpedicular reduction and stabilization of the thoracic, lumbar, and lumbosacral spine. (7/2187)

The Kluger internal fixator, with its artificial fulcrum outside the operative site, had to be extended for multisegmental use. Three different prototypes, called Central Bar (CB), Double Bar I (DB I) and Double Bar II (DB II) were designed, which were fully compatible with the existing reduction system. To evaluate the ability of these newly developed systems to provide primary stability in a destabilized spine, their stiffness characteristics and stabilizing effects were investigated in multidirectional biomechanical stability tests and compared with those of the clinically well-known Cotrel-Dubousset (CD) system. The investigations were performed on a spine tester using freshly prepared calf spines. The model tested was that of an intact straight spine followed by a defined three-column lesion simulating the most destabilizing type of injury. Pure moments of up to 7.5 Nm were continuously applied to the top of each specimen in flexion/extension, left/right axial rotation, and left/right lateral bending. Segmental motion was measured using a three-dimensional goniometric linkage system. Range of motion and stiffness within the neutral zone were calculated from obtained load-displacement curves. The DB II attained 112.5% (P = 0.26) of the absolute stiffness of the CD system in flexion and enhanced its stability in extension by up to 144.3% (P = 0.004). In axial rotation of the completely destabilized spine, this system achieved 183.3% of the stiffness of the CD system (P < 0.001), and in lateral bending no motion was measured in the most injured specimens stabilized by the DB II. The DB I, which was the first to be designed and was considered to provide high biomechanical stability, did not attain the stiffness standard set by the CD system in either flexion/extension or axial rotation of the most injured spine. The study confirms that it is worthwhile to evaluate in vitro the biomechanical properties of a newly developed implant before its use in patients, in order to refine weak construction points and help to reduce device-related complications and to better evaluate its efficacy in stabilizing the spine.  (+info)

Prenatal sonographic features of spondylocostal dysostosis and diaphragmatic hernia in the first trimester. (8/2187)

Spondylocostal dysostosis is a congenital disorder characterized by multiple malformations of the vertebrae and ribs. We describe the sonographic features of an affected fetus at 12 and 14 weeks of gestation. The fetus had thoracic scoliosis, multiple vertebral and rib malformations and a grossly dilated stomach that had herniated into the chest through a left-sided diaphragmatic hernia. The stomach spanned the whole length of the fetal trunk.  (+info)

Specification of vertebral identity is coupled to Notch signalling and the segmentation clock | DevelopmentSpecification of vertebral identity is coupled to Notch signalling and the segmentation clock | Development
We have shown that altered Notch signalling in the paraxial mesoderm of mouse embryos changes vertebral identities. Our results provide direct evidence that the coordination of segmentation and positional specification of mesoderm-derived tissues along the anteroposterior body axis requires both sufficient levels of Notch signalling as well as cyclic Lfng activity.. The vertebral columns of msd::Dll1dn transgenic mice showed mild defects, which probably reflect consequences of perturbed somite polarity. The largely normal vertebral column allowed us to also unambiguously identify the absence or ectopic presence of landmarks (e.g. anterior tuberculi and transverse foramina) characteristic for particular vertebrae. The loss of such landmarks from some vertebrae and their ectopic presence on others is indicative of altered vertebral identities and suggests homeotic transformations. Changes in vertebral identity were also found in mice expressing Dll1dn under the Mesp2 promoter. In these mice no ...
The Effects of Estrone (Ogen) on Spinal Bone Density of Postmenopausal Women<...The Effects of Estrone (Ogen) on Spinal Bone Density of Postmenopausal Women<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - The Effects of Estrone (Ogen) on Spinal Bone Density of Postmenopausal Women. AU - Harris, Steven T.. AU - Genant, Harry K.. AU - Baylink, David J.. AU - Gallagher, J. Christopher. AU - Karp, Sherry Katz. AU - Mcconnell, Maureen A.. AU - Green, Elizabeth M.. AU - Stoll, Ralph W.. PY - 1991/10. Y1 - 1991/10. N2 - The effects of cyclical treatment with estrone sulfate (0.3, 0.625, or 1.25 mg), plus calcium carbonate, on spinal trabecular bone density were compared with placebo in 120 postmenopausal women in this 2-year, multicenter, doubleblind study. While the placebo and 0.3-mg treatment groups lost bone density (-3.6% and -5.1%), the 0.625- and 1.25-mg treatment groups experienced no significant change from baseline at 24 months (-0.8% and +0.7%). The 1.25-mg treatment group was significantly different from the placebo group at 12,18, and 24 months. Although the 0.625-mg treatment group was significantly different from the placebo group only at 18 months, the data suggest that ...
Neck Pain - Orthopedic Surgery, Algonquin, IL, Barrington, IL, Elgin, IL, Geneva, ILNeck Pain - Orthopedic Surgery, Algonquin, IL, Barrington, IL, Elgin, IL, Geneva, IL
What parts make up the cervical spine, and how do they work?. The human spine is made up of 24 spinal bones, called vertebrae. Vertebrae are stacked on top of one another to form the spinal column. The spinal column is the bodys main upright support.. The cervical spine is formed by the first seven vertebrae. Doctors often refer to these vertebrae as C1 to C7. The cervical spine starts where the top vertebra (C1) connects to the bottom edge of the skull. The cervical spine curves slightly inward and ends where C7 joins the top of the thoracic spine. This is where the chest begins.. Each vertebra is formed by a round block of bone, called a vertebral body. A bony ring attaches to the back of the vertebral body. When the vertebrae are stacked on top of each other, the rings form a hollow tube. This bony tube surrounds the spinal cord as it passes through the spine. Just as the skull protects the brain, the bones of the spinal column protect the spinal cord.. As the spinal cord travels from the ...
Liberty, Centra celebrate affiliation agreement for medical students | Liberty UniversityLiberty, Centra celebrate affiliation agreement for medical students | Liberty University
Liberty Universitys College of Osteopathic Medicine signed a five-year affiliation agreement last month that would secure clinical rotations at Centra facilities for third- and fourth-year students. A celebration with Centra leaders was held on Monday. ...
Mayo Clinic: Effectiveness of Laser Spine Surgery for Pain Relief Remains Unproven | Pain Care Medical GroupMayo Clinic: Effectiveness of Laser Spine Surgery for Pain Relief Remains Unproven | Pain Care Medical Group
Aurora Sentinel. The purpose of spine surgery typically is to relieve pain and other symptoms by decreasing pressure on a compressed spinal nerve or by stabilizing the spine. Surgery may involve removing a herniated or damaged portion of a disk in the spine (discectomy); removing the back part of the bone that covers the spinal canal (laminectomy); removing bone spurs or other spinal growths; or connecting two or more of the vertebral bones in the spine (spinal fusion).. Traditionally, a small, high-speed air drill or a surgical instrument thats heated with an electric current (electrocautery) is used to cut away the tissue and bone. During laser spine surgery, a focused beam of light (laser) is used to cut away tissue. Laser spine surgery is often promoted as being noninvasive and risk-free. However, these procedures require incisions and can result in serious complications.. Before deciding on the type of spine surgery to have, first, you should thoroughly investigate the need for surgery. ...
Spine AnatomySpine Anatomy
The spinal column is made up of twenty four bones called vertebrae. The spinal column supports the body and gives it form. These vertebrae are connected in the front of the spine by intervertebral discs (durable tissue filled with a gel) that help support the spine and also allow it to move. Ligaments and muscles are attached to the back of the spine and provide power for movement.. The neural elements consist of the spinal cord and nerve roots. The spinal cord is surrounded by spinal fluid and runs from the base of the brain down through the cervical and thoracic spine (about two thirds of the way down your back).. At each vertebral level of the spine there is a pair of nerve roots which supply particular parts of the body with electrical pulses.. The supporting structures of the spine consist of muscles and ligaments. The spinal ligaments and muscles connect the vertebrae and keep the spine stable. They allow the spine to function in an upright position, and the trunk to form various ...
DHEA for Spinal Bone Density Forest Hills NY - Forest Hills NY, DHEA, Forest Hills NY spinal bones, Forest Hills NY vitamin D...DHEA for Spinal Bone Density Forest Hills NY - Forest Hills NY, DHEA, Forest Hills NY spinal bones, Forest Hills NY vitamin D...
In women in Forest Hills ages 65-75 taking DHEA along with calcium and vitamin D increased their bone density 2% each year during a 2 year study.
DHEA for Spinal Bone Density Whitestone NY - Whitestone NY, DHEA, Whitestone NY spinal bones, Whitestone NY vitamin D...DHEA for Spinal Bone Density Whitestone NY - Whitestone NY, DHEA, Whitestone NY spinal bones, Whitestone NY vitamin D...
In women in Whitestone ages 65-75 taking DHEA along with calcium and vitamin D increased their bone density 2% each year during a 2 year study.
anatomyEXPERT - Ligaments of the vertebrae - all levels - Structure DetailanatomyEXPERT - Ligaments of the vertebrae - all levels - Structure Detail
Numerous joints exist between the various bones of the vertebral axis. These are complex joints exhibiting a wide range of motion, from obvious, noticeable movements to subtle movements that are not easily observed. While some anatomists attempt to classify these joints into specific joint categories such as plane or hinge or pivot, the truth is, most of them are composite, complex joints with multiaxial ranges of motion. There are three types of intervertebral joints between the general bones of the vertebral column: synovial joints, fibrous syndesmoses, and cartilaginous symphyses. While the movement occurring at any individual intervertebral joint is not significant, the additive movement of many intervertebral joints can be quite significant. The synovial intervertebral joints occur between the superior and inferior articular facets of neighboring vertebrae. They vary from region to region, being more planar in the cervical and thoracic regions and forming reciprocally curved surfaces in the ...
Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery | Back Surgery | SIOSD: 2015Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery | Back Surgery | SIOSD: 2015
Dr. Kim make use of a comprehensive choice of minimally invasive treatments to effectively treat all characteristics of complex spinal disorders, including spinal stenosis, spinal deformities (such as scoliosis, spondylolisthesis, and kyphosis), traumatic injuries, tumors, and infections throughout the entire spine from the neck to the low back. A leader in his field, Dr. Kim is the founder of the Society for Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery (SMISS), director of the Minimally Invasive Spine Center at Alvarado Hospital and associate clinical professor at UCSD. He is a Qualified Medical Evaluator and a past voting member of the FDA Orthopedic Devices Panel which reviews all new spinal technologies. Additionally, Dr. Kim is an active member of the North American Spine Society and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and past-president of the San Diego Chapter of the Western Orthopaedic Association ...
Pocket Atlas of Spine Surgery 2nd Edition (2018) (PDF) Kern Singh | UnitedVRGPocket Atlas of Spine Surgery 2nd Edition (2018) (PDF) Kern Singh | UnitedVRG
Pocket Atlas of Spine Surgery, 2nd Edition by Kern Singh and Alexander Vaccaro is unique in its presentation, utilizing multilayered visuals to delineate the most commonly performed spine procedures. High-definition intraoperative photographs are juxtaposed with translucent anatomic drawings. This facilitates visualization of both the entire surgical field and complex anatomy never "seen" during surgery. It also provides greater insights into the subtleties of both open and technically demanding minimally invasive spine surgery techniques.. Unlike many large spine surgery atlases, this is the perfect, on-the-go, pocket-size resource for busy spine surgeons who work in any clinical setting. From the cervical to lumbar spine, 21 concise chapters reflect the collective technical expertise of internationally renowned spine surgeons. Easy-to-follow guidance is provided on fundamental open and minimally invasive techniques, including pedicle screw placement, fusion, discectomy, corpectomy, ...
UConn Health First in New England to Offer Robot-Guided Spine Surgery - UConn TodayUConn Health First in New England to Offer Robot-Guided Spine Surgery - UConn Today
Most spinal procedures involve the attachment of screws and other implants to the spine. Spine surgery has little room for error, as the vertebrae are surrounded by nerves, major blood vessels, and other vital structures. Spinal fixations, such as screws, are typically just millimeters away from sensitive spinal nerves, the spinal cord, the aorta, and other critical vessels.. The new, innovative robotic guidance technologys software allows surgeons to pre-plan a patients spine surgery virtually, using a 3-D simulation of the spinal anatomy based upon their most recent CT scan.. "Its so important to plan in advance of spine surgery," says Moss. "The Mazor Renaissance technology allows a surgeon to closely review the anatomy of each patient in depth, and get to know the specifics, to make a more precise surgical plan, and eventually execute a smoother operation.". Once inside the operating room, the Mazor technology matches, in real time, the surgeons pre-operative 3-D plan with ...
Centra - Girls name meaning, origin, and popularity | BabyCenterCentra - Girl's name meaning, origin, and popularity | BabyCenter
See the popularity of the girls name Centra over time, plus its meaning, origin, common sibling names, and more in BabyCenters Baby Names tool.
Aušrinė Barakauskienė - Patologijos diagnostikaAušrinė Barakauskienė - Patologijos diagnostika
Išsilavinimas:. 2001 m. apginta disertacija tema „Uždegiminės ir neoplazinės skrandžio patologijos sąsaja su Helicobacter pylori infekcija.". 1994 m. Vilniaus universitetas, gydytojos patalogės rezidentūra.. Profesinė patirtis:. nuo 2008 m. gydytoja patologė konsultantė. UAB „Patologijos diagnostika" .. 1994 - 2012 m. gydytoja patologė konsultantė, direktoriaus pavaduotoja medicinai. Valstybinis patologijos centras.. nuo 1997 m. Vilniaus universitetas, medicinos fakultetas, patologijos, teismo medicinos ir farmakologijos katedros dėstytoja. Nuo 2008 m. Vilniaus universitetas, medicinos fakulteto docentė.. Stažuotės:. 1994 m. NorthWestern University Chicago, Mikle Reeze Hospital, Pathology department. Čikaga, JAV. 1999 m. Bochum universitetas, Patologijos centras. Bochumas, Vokietija. 2000 m. Varšuvos podiplominių studijų medicinos centras. Varšuva, Lenkija. 2004 m. Leuven universitetas, Patologijos centras. Leuvenas, Belgija. 2006 m. Heidelbergo Patologijos institute. ...
Orlando (32817) - Centra Care UniversityOrlando (32817) - Centra Care University
Get quick and affordable treatment at Centra Care University in Orlando, FL. View todays hours, insurance accepted and patient reviews.
wBuyBuy Global internetu, tarpvalstybinė elektroninė prekyba, internetinė prekybos centras, Pasaulinis elektroninės komercijos...wBuyBuy Global internetu, tarpvalstybinė elektroninė prekyba, internetinė prekybos centras, Pasaulinis elektroninės komercijos...
wBuyBuy Global internetu, tarpvalstybinė elektroninė prekyba, internetinė prekybos centras, Pasaulinis elektroninės komercijos platforma, Tarptautinės internetinės parduotuvės, parduoti Overseas parduoti Kinijoje, parduoti, Pekinas, Kinijos pirkėjų, parduoti Šanchajaus, parduoti Japonijoje, parduoti į Rusiją, Parduodu Kanadoje, parduoti į Afriką, parduoti į Braziliją, parduoti į Indiją, parduoti JAV, parduoti pasauliui, užsienyje plėtrą, Japonija kontaktiniai lęšiai, Japonija spalva kontaktiniai lęšiai, užsienio importas, wBuyBuy Global
Spine Procedures | USA Spine Care | Laser Spine SurgerySpine Procedures | USA Spine Care | Laser Spine Surgery
If you suffer from chronic neck or back pain due to a spine condition, youve probably been introduced to several treatment options available for your condition. If you are like most of our patients, youve tried several forms of treatment to relieve your neck or back pain, with only temporary results.. At USA Spine Care, we understand the frustration that youve experienced trying to find a lasting treatment for your spine condition. We have designed our minimally invasive spine surgery not simply to be a method of temporary relief, but rather a method of treatment that gets to the source of your pain. Our advanced procedures and outcomes have labeled USA Spine Care as the leader in minimally invasive spine surgery.. ...
Scoliosis & Spine Deformities Treatment | Scottish Rite for ChildrenScoliosis & Spine Deformities Treatment | Scottish Rite for Children
The Center for Excellence in Spine specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of scoliosis and pediatric spinal deformities. Learn more about scoliosis causes, symptoms and treatment options.
What is posterior fetal spine position?What is posterior fetal spine position?
I had an ultrasound done yesterday and everything was fine. The fetal development is good but the report says |b|spine: posterior|/b|. I want to know the meaning of this and if it is a defect in the position of the fetus? Secondly, if it is a defect then what causes it and is it curable? I am 19 weeks and 5 days pregnant.
the firstthe first
East Bay Upright MRI has acquired a coil that take a full image of the entire upright spine - it takes only eight minutes to complete this process. This radiation free evaluation can also monitor the success of treatment provided by a Doctor. The only way that evaluation of scoliosis can be accurate is when the patient is in upright position. Conventional, recumbent MRI machines can not deliver necessary results. This radiation-free application can be performed in the same amount of time and at the same cost as diagnosis and monitoring by X-RAY. Coil MRI sees curvature of the vertebrae and the soft tissue as well. There are sagital and axial views of the entire spine - with no radiation exposure whatsoever. The 3 plane visualizations are achieved by 3D acquisition with curved multi planar reconstruction. Both Cobb angles and angular rotation of the vertebrae are measured, including the spinal cord, intervertebral discs, nerve roots and spinal ligaments. The National Cancer Institute reported a ...
The mouse bagpipe gene controls development of axial skeleton, skull, and spleen | PNASThe mouse bagpipe gene controls development of axial skeleton, skull, and spleen | PNAS
Abnormalities within the axial skeleton of the Bapx1 mutants were restricted to the ventromedial elements of the vertebrae that develop surrounding the notochord. The defects decrease in severity in a rostral-to-caudal direction. At E14.5, the cervical vertebrae contain very few midline sclerotomal cells. In the mid to lower thoracic/lumbar region, more sclerotomal cells appear at the ventral midline; however, these cells are markedly decreased in number and are disorganized. By E18.5, the ventromedial elements of each vertebra are completely absent. In the cervical vertebrae, the whole of the vertebral midline is missing. More posteriorly in many of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, the ventral neural arches fuse at the midline, suggesting that the deficiency is exclusive to the centra in these vertebrae.. In the basal plate of the chondrocranium, two bones are affected by the Bapx1 mutation. The first, the basioccipital bone, is deficient in midline cells at E14.5, which by E18.5 leads to ...
Spine Surgery | Neuro Care PartnersSpine Surgery | Neuro Care Partners
Given the precision required for these more demanding surgical techniques, many orthopedic surgeons or neurosurgeons with fellowship training are choosing to focus more of their practice on spine surgery. Some believe that the increased level of specialty training and focus on the spine has contributed to enhancements in surgical technique, which in turn has led to overall improved success rates and reduced morbidity (e.g. reduced post-operative discomfort) with many types of spine surgeries.. Spine surgery is typically an "elective" undertaking, meaning that it is considered as a possible approach to enhance a patients ability to function and decrease pain. However, just because spine surgery is elective does not mean it is not covered by insurance ...
Asian Spine JournalAsian Spine Journal
... (Asian Spine J), the official journal of the Asia Pacific Spine Society (APSS), Middle East Spine Society (MESS), Association of Spine Surgeons of India (ASSI), Taiwan Spine Society (TWSS), Chinese Spine Society of Medicine Education (CSSME), and Korean Society of Spine Surgery (KSSS), is an international peerreviewed journal which publishes articles related to basic and clinical researches of all spine fields bimonthly in end of February, April, June, August, October, and December. Asian Spine Journal was founded in 2007.
Spine Surgery What To ExpectSpine Surgery What To Expect
... before spine surgery, the morning of spine surgery, and after spine surgery from NY Spine Institute.
Its All About Me...Sometimes: The Power of MassageIt's All About Me...Sometimes: The Power of Massage
I recently had major spinal surgery, and if you have never gone under general anesthesia, then you may not know that it wreaks havoc with your system, and more specifically your plumbing. To rub slat in the wound(No pun intended) they put me on iron...big mistake. There is nothing worse than things not running smoothly(Like how I am avoiding all the graphics about this subject), and that is what I was experiencing...until today ...
Less than 10 miles ridden Rambler, Houston, TX - TerraTrike ForumLess than 10 miles ridden Rambler, Houston, TX - TerraTrike Forum
With less than 10 miles ridden need to sell my beautiful Rambler. Ive had to have major spinal surgery and Im unable to ride it
Lumbar Spine Deformity : Medical ChartLumbar Spine Deformity : Medical Chart
This stock medical exhibit compares a normal lumbar spine with the patients lumbar spine, based upon an actual X-ray. The X-ray interpretation clearly shows the scoliosis at L2-L3, as well as degenerative disc disease at L2-L3, L3-L4, and L4-L5.
Spine Surgeon Houston | Spine Surgery Houston | Lumbar Spine PearlandSpine Surgeon Houston | Spine Surgery Houston | Lumbar Spine Pearland
Dr Uday Doctor in Pearland, Beaumont and Houston, TX specializes in lumbar spine surgery. He also offers treatment for cervical spine, thoracic spine and lumbar spine conditions.
Spine Surgery In São Paulo, Spine Surgery Cost, Find Best Reviewed Hospitals & Surgeons, Reviews | PractoSpine Surgery In São Paulo, Spine Surgery Cost, Find Best Reviewed Hospitals & Surgeons, Reviews | Practo
Spine Surgery in São Paulo. Cost of Spine Surgery in São Paulo, View List of Best Reviewed Hospitals & Surgeons & Book Appointment, Patient Reviews, Spine Surgery Meaning, Risks, Side Effects & FAQ. | Practo
Spine Surgery In São Paulo, Spine Surgery Cost, Find Best Reviewed Hospitals & Surgeons, Reviews | PractoSpine Surgery In São Paulo, Spine Surgery Cost, Find Best Reviewed Hospitals & Surgeons, Reviews | Practo
Spine Surgery in São Paulo. Cost of Spine Surgery in São Paulo, View List of Best Reviewed Hospitals & Surgeons & Book Appointment, Patient Reviews, Spine Surgery Meaning, Risks, Side Effects & FAQ. | Practo
Patent US20090030458 - Method for stabilizing spine - Google PatentsPatent US20090030458 - Method for stabilizing spine - Google Patents
A method of stabilizing a portion of a spine includes pivoting first and second members of an expandable spinal implant relative to one another to a closed configuration in which the spinal implant has a compact profile, inserting the spinal implant in the closed configuration into the spine between first and second vertebral bodies, and pivoting the first and second members crosswise to an expanded configuration while the spinal implant is within the spine. The first and second members are separate from and coupled to one another.
Scoliosis : Medical AnimationScoliosis : Medical Animation
MEDICAL ANIMATION TRANSCRIPT: The spine is made up of bones called vertebrae, which are stacked on top of each other. The vertebrae protect a bundle of nerve fibers called the spinal cord. It runs through an opening in the center of each vertebra. The main sections of the spine are the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions. Looking at it from the side, the spine normally has three curves. A C in the cervical spine, a reverse C in the thoracic spine, and another C in the lumbar spine. Viewed from behind, the spine should appear to be completely straight up and down. Scoliosis is a condition where the spine has an abnormal side-to-side curve. Most cases of scoliosis have no known cause. In some cases, scoliosis may be present at birth. In other cases, it may occur over time. The most common cause in adults is asymmetric degeneration of the disks, causing the spine to be tilted to one side or the other. Causes may include cerebral palsy, paralysis, muscular dystrophy, osteoporosis, or spinal fractures.
EMCDDA | Apie EMCDDAEMCDDA | Apie EMCDDA
Europos narkotikų ir narkomanijos stebėsenos centras (EMCDDA) buvo įsteigtas 1993 metais. Nuo 1995 m. Lisabonoje įsikūręs EMCDDA yra viena iš ES decentralizuotų agentūrų. Europos narkotikų ir narkomanijos stebėsenos centras įsteigtas tam, kad ES ir valstybėms narėms teiktų narkotikų keliamų problemų Europoje apžvalgą ir patikimą pagrindą diskusijoms apie narkotikų daromą žalą. Politikos formuotojams centras suteikia duomenų, kurie būtini priimant pagrįstus teisės aktus ir rengiant strategijas. Jis taip pat padeda šioje srityje dirbantiems profesionalams ir specialistams tiksliai nustatyti geriausią praktiką ir naujas mokslinių tyrimų sritis. ...
Liverpool have entire spine removed but still keep their balance versus AjaxLiverpool have entire spine removed but still keep their balance versus Ajax
Liverpool were not just without Virgil van Dijk against Ajax. Three of their best players were out and Fabinho filled in for each of them.
PPT - Modeling the Human Spine PowerPoint Presentation - ID:195565PPT - Modeling the Human Spine PowerPoint Presentation - ID:195565
Modeling the Human Spine. By: Benjamin Arai & Conley Read. CS231 Project, Spring 2005 University of California, Riverside Professor: Victor Zordan. Abstract. Related works to spine modeling Anatomical Spine Initial Pose User Interface User input to spine position Slideshow...
Spine Surgery Facilities | DISC Spine Institute TXSpine Surgery Facilities | DISC Spine Institute TX
Where will your spine surgery be performed? DISC Spine Institutes surgeons use the most advanced and comfortable spine surgery facilities in North Texas.
Best Spine Surgeon - Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery IN • TrueMISBest Spine Surgeon - Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery IN • TrueMIS
Find the best spine surgeon and see more about minimally invasive spine surgery that minimizes blood loss allowing faster surgeries and quicker recovery times
Spine Surgery Terms & Conditions | Spine ConnectionSpine Surgery Terms & Conditions | Spine Connection
Spine Connection cannot and does not guarantee the outcome or any results of the patients procedure/s performed by the doctor or surgeon. Spine Connection is a "facilitator and organiser" only, assisting patients after they have chosen and confirmed to proceed with surgery or treatment, by organising arrangements for surgery dates, travel and accommodation only. Spine Connection does not accept any liability in contract or in tort for any miscommunication, misunderstanding, injury, damage, communication delays by the hospital, loss, delay, surgery outcomes, additional expenses incurred or inconvenience caused directly or indirectly by force majeure, unanticipated or uncontrollable event or effect on our part or directly or indirectly in connection with any surgical trip organised by Spine Connection on the patients behalf. The patient agrees to release, defend and hold harmless Spine Connection and its officers, employees and agents from all and any such liability and indemnify each of them ...
The Concept of Flexible Stabilization (Dynamic Spine Stabilization) - The Burton ReportThe Concept of 'Flexible Stabilization' (Dynamic Spine Stabilization) - The Burton Report
The living proof proof of the "Transitional Syndrome" is demonstrated by the case shown on the left. This patient was born with a congenital "block vertebrae" involving the L2 and L3 segments (green dot). The stress-related adjacent disc degeneration is shown next to the red dots. Fortunately for the public-at-large block vertebrae are uncommon, but nfortunately for unsuspecting patients problems resulting from multi-level rigid instrumented fusions, as opposed to flexible stabilizations, are not uncommon. Transitional Syndromes" can result in disability and often create the need for additional spine surgery.. It is a basic tenant of medicine that the physicians responsibility is to not only treat and relieve disease but also, in this process, to avoid creating recurrent, or additional, disease. It is in this regard that the concept of "flexible (or dynamic) stabilization" has become an important consideration.. Rigid Spine Fusion is inherently a non-physiologic procedure. The Editors interest ...
Mental spine, inferior synonyms, mental spine, inferior antonyms - FreeThesaurus.comMental spine, inferior synonyms, mental spine, inferior antonyms - FreeThesaurus.com
Synonyms for mental spine, inferior in Free Thesaurus. Antonyms for mental spine, inferior. 46 synonyms for spine: backbone, vertebrae, spinal column, vertebral column, barb, spur, needle, spike, ray, quill, rachis, determination, resolution, backbone. What are synonyms for mental spine, inferior?
Mental spine, superior synonyms, mental spine, superior antonyms - FreeThesaurus.comMental spine, superior synonyms, mental spine, superior antonyms - FreeThesaurus.com
Synonyms for mental spine, superior in Free Thesaurus. Antonyms for mental spine, superior. 46 synonyms for spine: backbone, vertebrae, spinal column, vertebral column, barb, spur, needle, spike, ray, quill, rachis, determination, resolution, backbone. What are synonyms for mental spine, superior?
manual:088:3a advanced topics.4 spine - Cacti Docsmanual:088:3a advanced topics.4 spine - Cacti Docs
RAM and standard local disks. When using Spine, dont change crontab settings! Always use poller.php with crontab! To activate Spine instead of cmd.php, please visit Settings and select the Poller tab. Select Spine and save. Now, poller.php will use Spine on all subsequent polling cycles. While Spine is really fast, choosing the correct setup will ensure, that all processor resources are used. Required settings for Maximum Concurrent Poller Processes are 1-2 times the number of CPU cores available for Spine. Table 15-1. Spine Specific Execution Parameters ...
Best Minimally invasive spine surgery MoinesBest Minimally invasive spine surgery Moines
Minimally invasive spine surgery was developed to treat disorders of the spine with less disruption to the muscles and tissues. The minimized disruption can result in decreased blood loss during surgery and a faster recovery. Additionally, all non-emergency spinal patients should undergo an appropriate period of conservative treatment, that can include physical therapy, pain management. For more information on the right treatment for your Minimally invasive spine surgery des Moines, Make Appointment call toll free: 402.572.3000. ...
Spine Surgery | Cervical, Lumbar, & Minimally Invasive Spine SurgerySpine Surgery | Cervical, Lumbar, & Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery
Is spine surgery your only option for back pain? This article helps patients understand when a spine procedure may be recommended.
Scoliosis | St. Louis Childrens HospitalScoliosis | St. Louis Children's Hospital
Scoliosis is the side to side curvature of the spine. Every spine has a natural front to back curve. A side to side curve may look like an "S" (double curve) or a "C" (single curve).. Scoliosis is more than just a curve to the side. The scoliotic spine is also twisted or rotated.. What is the cause of scoliosis?. 80% of scoliosis cases do not have a cause or they are "idiopathic".. The most common causes of scoliosis in children are:. ...
Laser Spine Surgery | Laser Spine Institute ScottsdaleLaser Spine Surgery | Laser Spine Institute Scottsdale
Laser Spine Institute Surgery - Learn how minimally invasive techniques used by Laser Spine Institute are becoming the first choice for those facing spine surgery. A comprehensive explanation, along with patient testimonials, is available on our web site and blog.
Lumbar Spine X-ray, Osteoporotic Spine Stock Photo - Image: 14088704Lumbar Spine X-ray, Osteoporotic Spine Stock Photo - Image: 14088704
Photo about Roentgen film of lumbar spine, preparing and doing vertebroplasic procedure because of osteoporosis fractures - 14088704
Mechanical behavior of shark vertebral centra at biologically relevant strains | Journal of Experimental BiologyMechanical behavior of shark vertebral centra at biologically relevant strains | Journal of Experimental Biology
Centra mineral deposits asymptotically and with maturity. Mineral content has been previously shown to correlate with stiffness and toughness; therefore, we expected centra from mature animals to have a greater ability to resist deformation and absorb energy (Porter et al., 2006, 2007; Kajiura et al., 2005; Dingerkus et al., 1991). Contrary to our hypothesis, YOY sharks had the stiffest and toughest centra (Table S1; Fig. 5). Our data suggest that the transitional boundary between the mineralized double cone and surrounding cartilage in centra may vary with development, impacting the amount of the mineralized phase being compressed at 4% strain among ontogenetic groups. Specifically, we propose that the deformation seen in the youngest sharks recruited more of the mineralized phase than in the immature and mature animals (Figs 4 and 5). Our selection of 4% strain as a standardized displacement was informed by Porter et al. (2014), where compressive strain was measured in vivo in individual ...
Medical Assistant Centra Care Winter Haven PRN in Winter Haven, FL at AdventHealth Centra CareMedical Assistant Centra Care Winter Haven PRN in Winter Haven, FL at AdventHealth Centra Care
New Career Opportunity! AdventHealth Centra Care has an opening for a Medical Assistant Centra Care Winter Haven PRN in Winter Haven, FL
Congenital ScoliosisCongenital Scoliosis
Scoliosis is a musculoskeletal disorder that adversely affects the shape of the spine (backbone). A scoliotic spine (when viewed from behind) will not be straight and may instead look like the letter "C" or "S", due to a side-to-side (right-to-left) curvature. Congenital means the scoliosis is present at birth. A congenital condition is present at birth because of a problem during development. For congenital scoliosis, the abnormal curvature of the spine develops before birth. This is thought to occur early in fetal development (during first 4-6 weeks). Although congenital scoliosis is present at birth, it may not be discovered until a child grows.. Compared to idiopathic scoliosis, the abnormal curves in congenital scoliosis are generally more resistant to correction. It is estimated that between 10-25% of congenital scoliotic curves will never progress (get worse). Unfortunately, the majority of congenital scoliotic curves do progress (get worse) and require active treatment. Generally, ...
Biomechanical spinal growth modulation and progressive adolescent scoliosis - a test of the vicious cycle pathogenetic...Biomechanical spinal growth modulation and progressive adolescent scoliosis - a test of the 'vicious cycle' pathogenetic...
In the absence of any generally accepted scientific theory for the etiology of idiopathic scoliosis, treatment remains pragmatic with a very incomplete scientific basis. The International Federated Body on Scoliosis Etiology (IBSE) [1] introduced the Electronic Focus Group (EFG) as a means of increasing debate of knowledge on important topics. The text for this debate was written by Dr Ian Stokes who addresses the concept of mechanical modulation of vertebral body growth in the pathogenesis of progressive adolescent scoliosis generally attributed to the Hueter-Volkmann or Delpech effect [1-25] in which constant pathologic strong pressure inhibits endochondral longitudinal growth while reduced compression accelerates growth [2-4]; pressure exerted eccentrically causes an active change in the direction of growth [2, 5-7]. Brace treatment is based on this effect although the efficacy of bracing continues to be debated and questioned [26-39] while exercises are not even considered by many ...
Hemivertebrae | Bulls of CrownHemivertebrae | Bulls of Crown
Heres a hemivertebrae spine on the left and a normal spine on the right.. Hemivertebrae is a congenital abnormality of the spine where the left and right halves of the vertebrae grow unequally to create a "butterfly" shape in what should otherwise be a very straight spine. The condition causes the spine to bend and twist or grow at an angle and fuse vertebrae together into a wedge.. While this might sound like an awful condition for a dog, Hemivertebrae is NOT considered a medical problem, especially if it only occurs in the tail. The deformity is actually a desired characteristic in brachycephalic breeds (dogs with a flat-face and short-nose) because it is responsible for the adorable appearance of these dogs. Typical canines have 49 to 53 vertebrae, depending on the length of their tail. Dogs with screw tails have 10 to 15 less vertebrae.. With that said, Hemivertebrae can be a painful condition for puppies during the first 9 months of life while their spine is still growing. And the ...
Danish study finds five-times higher incidence of cancer in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients - Spinal News InternationalDanish study finds five-times higher incidence of cancer in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients - Spinal News International
Repeated radiation exposure during adolescence, specifically to the breast and thyroid gland, has been previously reported to be associated with the development of cancers; however, the exact correlation between radiation dose in children and adolescents is poorly understood. Our findings reveal a higher incidence of endometrial and breast cancer in our AIS cohort compared to the age-matched population in Denmark. Although previous studies have shown an increased breast cancer and breast cancer death in patients exposed to radiation for spinal deformities, this is the first study reporting the incidence of endometrial and breast cancer in a relatively healthy population of adolescent females after radiation exposure during the 1980s and 1990s. Looking at the total number of radiographic examinations, the patients who developed cancer had on average more…examinations than the cohort in general," the authors explain.. Further, the study showed that patients who developed endometrial cancers ...
minimally invasive spine surgery | jameskkaufmanmd.comminimally invasive spine surgery | jameskkaufmanmd.com
Spine surgery has developed a lot over the last century. Doctors first began trying to conduct spine surgery in the 1800s but it was primarily used in attempts at curing children of back issues they were born with. Fast forward to the First World War and we begin to see spine surgery become more common, and as a result, advances in technique are developed. However, even as these techniques were developed, spine surgery was still seen as more of a last resort. By the 1970s, our medical knowledge and techniques were capable of actually providing more effective and long term treatment. The downside at this point in time was how big of an opening needed to be made to conduct the spine surgery. This often caused damage to the surrounding muscles and left the patient with limited mobility during recovery and often a lot of pain.. Fortunately, new technologies have given us minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) in the last two decades. Minimally invasive spine surgery doesnt require a long incision ...
An experimental and morphometric test of the relationship between vertebral morphology and joint stiffness in Nile crocodiles ...An experimental and morphometric test of the relationship between vertebral morphology and joint stiffness in Nile crocodiles ...
Vertebral centra are the primary structures that resist compressive axial forces, and the relationship between dimensions of the centra and stiffness has long been described using beam theory (e.g. Christian and Preuschoft, 1996; Slijper, 1946). Dorsoventrally flattened centra are understood to increase sagittal flexibility by decreasing the moment of resistance in the dorsoventral plane, permitting the dorsoventral motion that characterizes terrestrial locomotion in mammals (Boszczyk et al., 2001; Shapiro, 2007). Spool-shaped centra with a high ratio of length to cross-sectional area are thought to allow greater flexibility than more axially compressed vertebral bodies (Buchholtz, 2001), while relatively short centra promote stability by decreasing bending moments and increasing joint contact area (Pierce et al., 2011; Shapiro, 2007). In line with our initial predictions, we found that an increase in centrum height was significantly correlated with an increase in joint stiffness in dorsal ...
Spine Deformities Houston, Bellaire, Kingwood, West UniversitySpine Deformities Houston, Bellaire, Kingwood, West University
Fondren Orthopedic Group offers treatments for spine deformities including scoliosis, kyphosis and lordosis in West University, Bellaire, Kingwood and Houston, Texas
Claim CME for Spine Deformity | Scoliosis Research SocietyClaim CME for Spine Deformity | Scoliosis Research Society
Journal subscribers can now claim CME for reading selected articles in Spine Deformity. Credit is claimed by taking and passing a short exam based on an article and then answering a short post-test evaluation. Credit for each article can be earned for up to one year post-publication. CME exams are now available for ALL 2016 issues at http://www.spine-deformity.org/cme/home. These exams are provided free of charge to all subscribers. SRS designates each Journal-Based CME activity for a maximum of 1.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™.. ...
Common Orthopaedic Conditions of the Spine - Premier OrthopaedicsCommon Orthopaedic Conditions of the Spine - Premier Orthopaedics
Learning more about the various conditions of the spine could help you determine what symptoms youre experiencing, and if youre dealing with one of the following conditions discussed here.. The spine is made up of three segments including the cervical spine of the neck, the lumbar spine of the lower back, and the thoracic spine of the chest. It also consists of vertebrae, the spinal cord, nerves, muscles, ligaments, intervertebral discs, and facet joints.. The vertebrae are small bones that are stacked on top of one another to protect your spinal cord. The spinal cord starts at your skull, travels down your lower back, and includes nerves that carry messages between the brain and muscles. Muscles and ligaments support the spine and keep the spinal column stable. The intervertebral discs sit between the vertebrae and provide structure to the spine, allow movement, and act as shock absorbers. The facet joints are located between the vertebrae and allow the spine to move and rotate.. Below are ...
anatomyEXPERT - Lumbar vertebrae - Structure DetailanatomyEXPERT - Lumbar vertebrae - Structure Detail
There are five lumbar vertebrae. These vertebrae are the largest of the true or mobile vertebrae. They are distinguishable by their large size and lack of transverse foramina and costal facets. They form a strong column of support at the base of the vertebral column. The articular processes of the lumbar vertebrae are robust having their facets oriented in the sagittal plane to provide for flexion and extension movements of this region of the vertebral column. They have thick pedicles arising from the cranial aspect of the vertebral body. The laminae are thick and short. They project caudally to unite as thick, quadrilateral spinous processes. The vertebral bodies have a large elliptical shape when viewed from above ...
Hemi-epiphysiodesis for unclassified congenital scoliosis: immediate results and mid-term follow-up - Semantic ScholarHemi-epiphysiodesis for unclassified congenital scoliosis: immediate results and mid-term follow-up - Semantic Scholar
Complex spinal anomalies involved in congenital scoliosis consist of a jumble of vertebral defects. Progressive scoliotic curves are frequently encountered in these patients. We evaluated the results of hemi-epiphysiodesis for this patient population. A series of ten patients with unclassified scoliosis, involving multiple hemivertebrae and/or bars, was reviewed retrospectively. Hemi-epiphysiodesis was the primary treatment in all patients. Mortality, complications and wound healing problems did not occur. The average Cobb angle for all patients changed from 54° (range: 40°-74°), preoperatively, to 58° (range: 30°-104°), postoperatively. Applying the criterion of a minimum change of 20°, to take into account measurement variability, an epiphysiodesis effect was achieved in two procedures, progression was arrested in six procedures and failure occurred in two procedures. The mean rate of Cobb angle change per annum decreased from 2.9° (range: -35° to 14°), preoperatively, to 2.4° (range: -4°
Citation Machine: Spine Deformity format citation generator for preface / forewordCitation Machine: Spine Deformity format citation generator for preface / foreword
Citation Machine™ helps students and professionals properly credit the information that they use. Cite your preface / foreword in Spine Deformity format for free.
US7347130B2 - Apparatus and method for cutting spinal implants - Google PatentsUS7347130B2 - Apparatus and method for cutting spinal implants - Google Patents
An apparatus and method for cutting spinal implants to a desired length is disclosed. The spinal implant is supported on a mandrel that rotates while a cutting blade cuts the spinal implant. The apparatus and method accurately size and cut spinal implants to the desired length.
The Theropod Database Blog: February 2016The Theropod Database Blog: February 2016
An almost complete vertebral series is present. The description states "ten cervical vertebrae are preserved, missing at least the atlas but the materials list only says "eight cervical vertebrae" are present. Hmm. The text states "the middle cervical vertebrae have a highly modified hyposphene-hypantrum with the hypantrum extending ventrally below the dorsal border of the neural canal (Fig. 6b)", but the figure shows nothing extending ventrally into the neural canal and I thought hyposphene-hypantrum articulations were absent from most theropod anterior dorsals, let alone cervicals. "Dorsal centra are longer anteroposteriorly than tall dorsoventrally, unlike the dorsal centra of typical predatory theropods." :, Tell that to coelophysoids, compsognathid-grade taxa, troodontids, microraptorians... "Likely pleurocoels are present in all dorsal vertebrae in the form of longitudinal fossae on the lateral surfaces of centra." Havent we progressed since the days of Osmolska et al. and Welles calling ...
The surgical treatment of instability of the upper part of the cervical spine in children and adolescents<...The surgical treatment of instability of the upper part of the cervical spine in children and adolescents<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - The surgical treatment of instability of the upper part of the cervical spine in children and adolescents. AU - Koop, S. E.. AU - Winter, R. B.. AU - Lonstein, J. E.. PY - 1984/1/1. Y1 - 1984/1/1. N2 - In a retrospective review of the cases of thirteen skeletally immature children and adolescents (four to eighteen years old) with instability of the upper part of the cervical spine (occiput to fifth cervical vertebra), we determined the efficacy of posterior arthrodesis and halo-cast immobilization in the management of this condition. The patients were divided into two groups: those with congenital vertebral anomalies alone (fusion or structural defects, or both) and those with cervical anomalies and systemic disorders (dwarfism, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, Down syndrome, and cerebral palsy). Two patterns of instability were found: instabilities at intervertebral joints adjacent to vertebral fusions, and instabilities located in vertebral defects. For all patients treatment ...
Can someone break this down for me? FINDINGS: Five nonrib-bearing lumbar type vertebrae are present. Alignment: Grade 1Can someone break this down for me? FINDINGS: Five nonrib-bearing lumbar type vertebrae are present. Alignment: Grade 1
This is Dr. David. it sounds like you had a lumbar spine MRI scan.. Spondylolisthesis is the forward displacement of a vertebra, especially the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebra, grade 1 is the mildest. retrolisthesis is a posterior displacement of one vertebral body with respect to the adjacent vertebrae to a degree less than a luxation (dislocation). degenerative changes is arthritis type of inflammatory changes.. osteophytes are extra bone spur growths. facet joints are one of the joints of the spine which connect the upper and lower vertebral bones and are close to nerves which exit the spinal cord.. being overweight can cause disk space narrowing between the bones of the spine.. no bone fractures are seen. no bone lesions.. you have some plaques in the blood vessels which comes with age in your aorta which is close to your spine.. how old are you?. are you having back pain?. are you overweight? ...
What Do You Need to Know About Key Hole Spine Surgery? | Max HospitalWhat Do You Need to Know About Key Hole Spine Surgery? | Max Hospital
Traditional open spine surgery requires a large muscle-tearing incision, longer hospital stay and a long recovery period.. 3. Why will spine surgery fail?. Delay In Surgery By The Patient due To Spine Surgery Fear. However, there have been significant developments in the spine surgery in the form of equipment like endoscope, miscroscope and surgical microtools.. 4. What is the role of belt/brace after Key Hole Spine Surgery?. Although most patients are provided a brace, this is for comfort only. The use of minimally invasive techniques that preserve muscle function, along with specialized implants that act as an internal brace, allows one to avoid having to wear a brace. Most patients find that the brace improves their pain for about 1-2 weeks, and thereafter it is only worn occasionally.. 5. How long will I be in the hospital?. After a Key Hole disc surgery patient can go home in the evening or next day morning. In spine fusion surgery , open procedure will need 5-7 days of stay whereas Key ...
Homeotic MutationismHomeotic Mutationism
The lack of a functional Hoxc10 homeobox causes several homeotic transformations in the axial skeleton (Table 1, Figures 3 and 4). Wild-type C57Bl/6 mice typically have 30 precaudal vertebrae, with the more caudal vertebrae organized in T13L6S4 pattern, with thirteen thoracic vertebrae, six lumbar vertebrae and four sacral vertebrae [refs]. Eighty percent of the wild-type mice examined in this study exhibited this pattern, with the remainder of the animals showing some mild variation in the shape of the L1, L6, or S1 segments; these types of variations are within the range of normal [ref]. Hoxc10 mutant mice also have 30 precaudal vertebrae, but the patterning of the vertebral column is altered. Most Hoxc10 mutant mice (33 of 34 examined) show a partial to complete transformation of the thirteenth thoracic vertebrae, precaudal vertebra 20 (PC20) into a lumbar identity, typified by the reduction or complete loss of the thirteenth rib. By definition, thoracic vertebrae are those vertebrae with ...
Suv39h1 promotes facet joint chondrocyte proliferation by targeting miR-15a/Bcl2 in idiopathic scoliosis patients | Clinical...Suv39h1 promotes facet joint chondrocyte proliferation by targeting miR-15a/Bcl2 in idiopathic scoliosis patients | Clinical...
Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) is a complex disease with an unclear etiology, and the worldwide prevalence is approximately 2-3%. As an important link between environmental factors and phenotypic differences, epigenetic changes, such as lncRNA, miRNA, and DNA methylation, have recently been reported to be associated with the development of IS. However, the correlation between histone methylation, another classical epigenetic mechanism, and IS has not been determined. In this study, we investigated the morphological changes, alterations in the levels of histone methylation, and cell proliferation-related pathway in inferior facet joint cartilage in 11 IS patients and 10 comparable controls. Compared with the control group, narrowed facet joint cartilage but increased proliferative chondrocytes and upregulated collagen type II (COL2A1) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl2) were observed in IS patients. Additionally, tri-methylation levels of H3K9 (H3K9me3) rather than other lysine sites were significantly increased in
NuVasive Expands Complex Spine Portfolio with Global Launch of Reline 3D for Pediatric Deformity | NuVasiveNuVasive Expands Complex Spine Portfolio with Global Launch of Reline 3D for Pediatric Deformity | NuVasive
Launch of Reline 3D represents Companys continued commitment to innovation in the pediatric spine market. SAN DIEGO - June 18, 2020 - NuVasive, Inc. (NASDAQ: NUVA), the leader in spine technology innovation, focused on transforming spine surgery with minimally disruptive, procedurally integrated solutions, today announced the expansion of its complex spine portfolio with the global commercial availability of Reline 3D™, a posterior fixation system for patients suffering from pediatric spinal deformities.. The Reline 3D system is optimized for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), which involves intricate surgical techniques to address the three-dimensional deformity present in the spine. The system unifies current deformity techniques involving multi-step, single-plane correction, into one holistic procedure enabling surgeons to overcome current inefficiencies in the operating room. Reline 3D is designed to provide simultaneous, three-dimensional deformity correction, ...
spinal cord Archives - Spine Surgery Indiaspinal cord Archives - Spine Surgery India
Our great thanks to Spine Surgery India a best medical approach to correct the problems related to the spine. We both are affected by the spinal problems. I was dealing with severe pain in my neck and my husband was dealing with pain in his back from a long period of time and all other non-surgical treatments were failed to provide us relief from pain. However, when we visited Spine Surgery India there we found the best spine specialist from around the world as well as the dedicated surgeons who believe in providing only the best services to its patients. The aim of the spine surgeons in India has always been to correct their patients back and neck conditions and help them in returning their normal routine quickly. They offer us a complete range of diagnostic and treatment services for various problems of the spine and help us to recover from neck and back pain.. Thanks to Spine Surgery India for living our life happily. Kristina Gomez. ...
Patent US20040162617 - Mating insertion instruments for spinal implants and methods of use - Google PatentsPatent US20040162617 - Mating insertion instruments for spinal implants and methods of use - Google Patents
Insertion instruments and a main body assembly and a universal wing to be inserted are provided, along with methods of using these instruments for the insertion of the spinal implants in patients to relieve the symptoms of, for example, spinal stenosis, injuries, and degenerative diseases of the spine. The instruments are simply designed and can be disassembled, making cleaning and sterilization easy and convenient. The instruments are designed to engage with and disengage from spinal implants easily, and use of the instrument in spinal implant surgery can be carried out with minimal surgical intervention and does not require general anesthesia. The main body assembly and the universal wing are designed to conveniently be secured to the insertion instruments. In an alternative embodiment the instrument can be nested and at least one instrument can include a handle provided at an angle.
Spinal mobility in the cervical and lumbar spine correlates with magnetic resonance imaging findings for inflammatory and...Spinal mobility in the cervical and lumbar spine correlates with magnetic resonance imaging findings for inflammatory and...
Spinal mobility in the cervical and lumbar spine correlates with magnetic resonance imaging findings for inflammatory and structural changes in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2020 Apr 03; Authors: Baraliakos X, Hermann KA, Xu S, Hsia EC, Braun J Abstract OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess relationships between single Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Me...
CATHETER WITH HIGH DENSITY ELECTRODE SPINE ARRAY - Patent applicationCATHETER WITH HIGH DENSITY ELECTRODE SPINE ARRAY - Patent application
0063] Additional embodiments of a catheter of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 8A-8F. In each of the distal electrode array, the spines form close loops lying in a common plane, having no free distal ends, where the distal end of each spine is joined with or extends to the distal end of at least one other spine in a manner which maintains the spines in a generally parallel position or at least in a manner which generally maintains a predetermined spacing between the spines. By keeping the spines separated and equidistant from each, the spines are less prone to overlap and the electrodes are less susceptible to "cross talk," without compromising the flexibility of the spines. As shown in FIG. 8A, the spines of the array may have angled distal portions 17A that converge and allow distal ends 17D of all the spines of the array to meet and be joined together while keeping the proximal portion 17P of the spines generally parallel and equidistant. As shown in FIG. 8B, the spines are arranged ...
Joint commission survey of centra health - Herbal Joint Pain Relief (Joint Advance) - Oct 1, 2017Joint commission survey of centra health - Herbal Joint Pain Relief (Joint Advance) - Oct 1, 2017
Joint commission survey of centra health - Washington Technology - Latest News for Government .... Joint Advance is a natural formula designed to shield your joints from the trials and results of working hard and playing hard.
CMG - PrimeCare East | Centra Health - Central Virginias Comprehensive Medical ResourceCMG - PrimeCare East | Centra Health - Central Virginia's Comprehensive Medical Resource
Centra Medical Group - PrimeCare East provides comprehensive medical care for everyone in your family. Our mission is to provide the community with access to quality care to improve the overall wellness and lifestyle of each of our patients. From pediatric and adolescent to adult and geriatric patients, PrimeCare is available to serve you. Appointments Appointments are
Laser Spine Surgery in Scottsdale Helps Patients from Tempe | Laser Spine InstituteLaser Spine Surgery in Scottsdale Helps Patients from Tempe | Laser Spine Institute
Our experienced team of spine surgeons and neurosurgeons is at the forefront of the field of minimally invasive spine surgery. Unlike traditional open back surgery, minimally invasive spine surgery accomplishes nerve decompression without the lengthy recovery§ and rehabilitation typically associated with major surgery. In fact, the orthopedic surgeons at Laser Spine Institute are able to treat a variety of conditions on an outpatient basis, such as degenerative disc disease, herniated discs, facet disease, spinal stenosis and pinched nerves, among others.. We utilize the very latest in laser technology, which allows our doctors to identify correctly the source of your discomfort, address the problem, and finish the surgery in a fraction of the time of traditional back surgery - be it disc degeneration or a lone bone spur.. Some examples of the symptoms that minimally invasive spine surgery can address include:. ...
Clinton S. Beverly, MD | Centra Health - Central Virginias Comprehensive Medical ResourceClinton S. Beverly, MD | Centra Health - Central Virginia's Comprehensive Medical Resource
At Centra Medical Group Surgical Specialists, our mission is to provide the community with access to quality care to improve the overall wellness and lifestyle of each of our patients. We pride ourselves on our collegial and collaborative working relationships with other surgeons and physicians... ...
Penkių kontinentų komunikacijų centras (PKKC) | BS/2Penkių kontinentų komunikacijų centras (PKKC) | BS/2
UAB &ldquo;Penkių kontinentų komunikacijų centras&rdquo; provides various telecommunications and data transfer services by means of a modern fiber-optic ...
Laser Spine Surgery - Whats the Hype? - CommentsLaser Spine Surgery - What's the Hype? - Comments
If youre reading this, youre probably interested in laser spine surgery. Youre hoping to find out what it can do for you, especially if you have a chronic condition of the spine thats causing you pain. Its a natural (and laudable) impulse to seek out answers when you have a physical problem.. But is laser surgery all its cracked up to be?. The advent of the use of lasers in surgery is nothing new. Theyve been around since the early 1970s. But recently, theres been a pronounced spike in public interest around lasers as a minimally invasive answer to spine surgery.. And thats where the going gets murky.. The term "minimally invasive" implies that the lasers used somehow reduce the invasive nature of spine surgery. In fact, lasers are used only at the initiation of the procedure. After an incision is made, the laser is used to clear soft tissue away from the vertebrae - thats it.. When the term "laser spine surgery" is used, patients are often led to believe that the procedure renders the ...
5 Surprising Facts about Adolescent Scoliosis - Scoliosis Care Centers5 Surprising Facts about Adolescent Scoliosis - Scoliosis Care Centers
Accurate scoliosis information can be hard to find. Learn about the cause of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and 5 surprising scoliosis facts.
Scoliosis - Bristol Spine SurgeryBristol Spine SurgeryScoliosis - Bristol Spine SurgeryBristol Spine Surgery
Scoliosis does not usually cause back pain, however it can become more painful overtime as the curvature of the spine worsens.. What are the causes of scoliosis?. In most cases of scoliosis the cause is unknown (idiopathic scoliosis), however a few medical conditions, such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy and Marfan syndrome are known causes.. It is rare for babies to be born with scoliosis, and generally the condition will take place in later life as a result of gradual spinal degeneration or previously undiagnosed scoliosis that has worsened over time.. Scoliosis can develop at any age, but is most common in children aged ten to fifteen. It is thought that approximately 3 or 4 in every 1000 children in the UK will require treatment for scoliosis. Females are also more subject to scoliosis than males.. ...
Spinal Implant Development, Modeling, and Testing to Achieve Customizable and Nonlinear Stiffness | Journal of Medical Devices ...Spinal Implant Development, Modeling, and Testing to Achieve Customizable and Nonlinear Stiffness | Journal of Medical Devices ...
The spine naturally has a nonlinear force-deflection characteristic which facilitates passive stability, and thus there is a need for spinal implants that duplicate this behavior to provide stabilization when the spine loses stiffness through injury, degeneration, or surgery. Additionally, due to the complexity and variability in the mechanics of spinal dysfunction, implants could potentially benefit from incorporating a customizable stiffness into their design. This paper presents a spinal implant with contact-aided inserts that provide a customizable nonlinear stiffness. An analytical model was utilized to optimize the device design, and the model was then verified using a finite element model. Validation was performed on physical prototypes, first in isolation using a tensile tester and then using cadaveric testing on an in-house spine tester. Testing confirmed the performance of the implant and it was observed that the device increased mechanical stability to the spinal segment in ...
Cervical Nerves Diagram, Anatomy & Anatomy | Body Maps- idolreplicas.infoCervical Nerves Diagram, Anatomy & Anatomy | Body Maps- idolreplicas.info
The cervical nerves consist of eight paired nerves that are a part of the peripheral nervous system. They emerge from the spinal cord through the seven cervical vertebrae. The cervical vertebrae are the spinal bones located just below the skull. Below the cervical vertebrae are the thoracic vertebrae, which are
Adolescent ScoliosisAdolescent Scoliosis
... usually comes to the fore during a growth spurt when bone growth shooting skyward outstrips soft-tissue growth
Best spine clinic | Spine specialist | Spine surgeon PuneBest spine clinic | Spine specialist | Spine surgeon Pune
Best spine clinic across globe to cure spine diseases. Dr. Arvind Bhave is a spine problem specialist, has an experience of more than 20 years in spine surgery and spinal disease cure. Spine clinic at Bhave hospital is leading spine surgery clinic in India.
Vertebral Column with Pelvis on Stand: Soft Disc | Pacific Distributing Books and BonesVertebral Column with Pelvis on Stand: Soft Disc | Pacific Distributing Books and Bones
This is one of the finest models of the vertebral column and pelvis that we have ever seen. It is cast from a natural specimen and is an essential tool for osteopaths, MDs, physical therapists, as well as those in sports medicine, rehab, and other therapeutic training. It is an excellent model for demonstration of spine disorders such as scoliosis, lordosis and kyphosis. The vertebral column is mounted on a flexible metal spiral conduit, which makes the vertebral column extremely mobile and allows the spine to be set in any position. This model is extremely durable and meant to last for many years. What we like most about this model is how the foamed elastic intervertebral discs behave like natural discs and can be compressed and expanded to demonstrate different positions and problems ...
Spinal Surgery - Getting It Right First Time - GIRFTSpinal Surgery - Getting It Right First Time - GIRFT
Mike is Consultant Spine Surgeon and Spinal Clinical Lead at The Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, where he has a wide practice in spine surgery, undertaking complex spinal procedures in all areas, including paediatric and adult spine deformity. He is currently an elected member of the executive of The British Association of Spine Surgeons as the Audit and British Spine Registry Lead, and Spinal Lead for the Department of Health Clinically Led Quality and Efficiency Programme.. After receiving his medical degree, Mike spent his specialist training on the East Anglian Orthopaedic rotation before undertaking a combined Neurosurgical/Orthopaedic Spinal fellowship at Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital Stanmore, Ipswich Hospital, and The Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital.. Advisor, Neuro Spinal Surgery, Justin Nissen. Consultant Spinal Neurosurgeon in Newcastle upon Tyne. Justin has been a Consultant Spinal Neurosurgeon in Newcastle upon Tyne for 15 years. A ...
Breaking & Manipulating the Opponents Spinal Posture - Gambledub | Grapplers ReviewBreaking & Manipulating the Opponents Spinal Posture - Gambledub | Grapplers Review
The above section looked in depth at creating frontal flexion of the neck using leverage. This section will attempt to analyse the effects rotation and lateral flexion can have on, not only your ability to create leverage, but the impact they have on your ability to attack the Darce. Both rotation and lateral flexion impact spinal alignment, which will reduce the opponents ability to resist your movements.. Note that to create rotation or lateral flexion we also want to use leverage. In the case of lateral flexion, the optimal point to apply force is by the temple, as it is the furthest point from the fulcrum in the context of line A. For rotation of the head and neck, the chin is the optimal point. The reason is, is that the chin is the closest lever to line B, as rotation does not come from the base of the cervical spine, but closer to the base of the skull. The chin also serves as a solid grip to turn the opponents head, and serves to be the most practical grip to create rotation. It is ...
Spine Surgeons Cabot AR - orthopedics, Cabot AR Adult, Cabot AR General SpineSpine Surgeons Cabot AR - orthopedics, Cabot AR Adult, Cabot AR General Spine
This page provides useful content and local businesses that can help with your search for Spine Surgeons. You will find helpful, informative articles about Spine Surgeons, including Monitoring Spinal Function During Spine Surgery. You will also find local businesses that provide the products or services that you are looking for. Please scroll down to find the local resources in Cabot, AR that will answer all of your questions about Spine Surgeons.
Spine Surgeons Poughkeepsie NY - orthopedics, Poughkeepsie NY Adult, Poughkeepsie NY General SpineSpine Surgeons Poughkeepsie NY - orthopedics, Poughkeepsie NY Adult, Poughkeepsie NY General Spine
This page provides useful content and local businesses that can help with your search for Spine Surgeons. You will find helpful, informative articles about Spine Surgeons, including Monitoring Spinal Function During Spine Surgery. You will also find local businesses that provide the products or services that you are looking for. Please scroll down to find the local resources in Poughkeepsie, NY that will answer all of your questions about Spine Surgeons.
Spine Models Human Spine ModelsSpine Models Human Spine Models
We supply Human Spine Models from Reliable Manufacturers. Now On Sale! Our complete line of Spine Models includes Life-size Spine Models, Lumbar Column Models, Flexible Spine Models and more.
Health Article |Spine Center | University Hospitals Richmond Medical Center, a Campus of UH Regional Hospitals | Cleveland, OHHealth Article |Spine Center | University Hospitals Richmond Medical Center, a Campus of UH Regional Hospitals | Cleveland, OH
A normal spine, when viewed from behind, appears straight. However, a spine affected by scoliosis shows a side-to-side curvature, with the spine looking like an "S" or "C." The back bones (vertebrae) may also be rotated. This makes it look like the person is leaning to one side. Scoliosis is defined as a curvature of the spine measuring 10° or greater.. Scoliosis is not due to poor posture.. Spinal curvature from scoliosis may occur on the right, left or both sides of the spine. Both the thoracic (mid) and lumbar (lower) spine may be affected by scoliosis.. ...
New Therapies/Surgeries/Intervention for Congenital Scoliosis [Archive] - National Scoliosis Foundation ForumsNew Therapies/Surgeries/Intervention for Congenital Scoliosis [Archive] - National Scoliosis Foundation Forums
Hello, I hope this post isnt out of place. I am not a researcher but a parent interested in hearing about new therapies. I am the mother of a 35 month old boy with severe congenital scoliosis. He is normal in every other way. He has about ten vertebrae which are not completely formed, ie hemivertebrae. So far we are just bracing. My son is also, to make things harder, extreeeeeemely small for his age. I mean, were talking right off the lowest percentile scale! Anyway, theres not much
SpinosauridaeSpinosauridae
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List of ICD-9 codes 710-739: diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissueList of ICD-9 codes 710-739: diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue
Spinal fusionSpinal fusion
Spinal disc herniationSpinal disc herniation
OsteomalaciaOsteomalacia
Sedentary lifestyleSedentary lifestyle
Trimetaphan camsilateTrimetaphan camsilate
Chiropractic controversy and criticismChiropractic controversy and criticism
Complex regional pain syndromeComplex regional pain syndrome
Osgood-Schlatter diseaseOsgood-Schlatter disease
Rectus capitis posterior major muscleRectus capitis posterior major muscle
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AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
SpineCervical VertebraeLumbar VertebraeSpinal DiseasesSpinal InjuriesThoracic VertebraeDendritesSpinal FusionSpinal FracturesSpinal NeoplasmsBone DensitySynapsesHippocampusIntervertebral DiscSpinal Cord CompressionScoliosisKyphosisIntervertebral Disc DisplacementSpinal CurvaturesNeuronal PlasticityZygapophyseal JointLaminectomyLumbosacral RegionAbsorptiometry, PhotonPyramidal CellsOrthopedic ProceduresSpinal CanalLordosisBone ScrewsDecompression, SurgicalSpinal StenosisNeuronsTuberculosis, SpinalOrthopedic Fixation DevicesSpinal OsteophytosisDiskectomyOsteoporosisSpondylolisthesisSilver StainingFemur NeckSpondylitisRange of Motion, ArticularSacrumBack PainDislocationsMagnetic Resonance ImagingTractionTomography, X-Ray ComputedIntervertebral Disc DegenerationHipOsteoporosis, PostmenopausalSpondylosisCadaverRadiographyAxisMyelographyWeight-BearingRadiculopathyNeurosurgical ProceduresLow Back PainNeck InjuriesAtlanto-Axial JointFractures, BoneReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateReceptors, AMPADiscitisTotal Disc ReplacementCA1 Region, HippocampalIliumNeck PainOssification of Posterior Longitudinal LigamentLong-Term PotentiationLigamentum FlavumBone Diseases, MetabolicSpondylitis, AnkylosingTreatment OutcomePostureSpinal Cord DiseasesImmobilizationSynaptic TransmissionCell Surface ExtensionsModels, AnatomicExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsDura MaterOdontoid ProcessPost-Synaptic DensityPelvisMicroscopy, ConfocalRats, Sprague-DawleyJoint InstabilityGuanylate KinaseProstheses and ImplantsNerve Tissue ProteinsRetrospective StudiesGreen Fluorescent ProteinsManipulation, SpinalEpidural SpaceFluoroscopyBone and BonesHyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic SkeletalPelvic BonesCells, CulturedAtlanto-Occipital JointRadiusSpinal Cord NeoplasmsSpinal Cord InjuriesBone TransplantationTime FactorsLigamentsPostoperative ComplicationsCerebral CortexPurkinje CellsPseudarthrosisBracesImaging, Three-DimensionalPseudopodiaVertebroplastySpondylolysisOrgan Culture TechniquesWhiplash InjuriesBone PlatesImage Processing, Computer-AssistedPain MeasurementBone Density Conservation AgentsSacroiliac JointFinite Element AnalysisEndoplasmic Reticulum, SmoothOrthopedicsFollow-Up StudiesSpinal Nerve RootsFemurRotationFractures, SpontaneousRibsActinsOsteoblastomaAnkylosisModels, NeurologicalLaryngoscopesWounds, NonpenetratingCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2Mice, Inbred C57BLAnalysis of VarianceSynovial CystOrthopedic EquipmentPresynaptic TerminalsReceptors, GlutamateAnimals, NewbornMovementSpinal CordCell ShapeParaplegiaNeuropilOrthotic DevicesQuadriplegiaOccipital BoneAlendronateProspective StudiesReproducibility of ResultsHip JointOsteoma, OsteoidMicroscopy, Fluorescence, MultiphotonMicrofilament ProteinsNeckMicroscopy, ElectronMice, TransgenicChordomaOsteomyelitisSurgery, Computer-AssistedNerve Compression SyndromesIschiumBone RemodelingBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorSurgical Procedures, Minimally InvasiveAgingBackObserver VariationHematoma, Epidural, SpinalGuanine Nucleotide Exchange FactorsMicroscopy, ImmunoelectronEpidural AbscessMice, KnockoutPolyradiculopathyOsteophyteSynaptic MembranesCalciumPrefrontal CortexGlutamic AcidNeurosurgeryAccidents, TrafficExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsAge FactorsNeuronavigationEmbryo, MammalianDisability EvaluationFragile X Mental Retardation ProteinAthletic InjuriesLuminescent ProteinsFracture Fixation, InternalVesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1Patch-Clamp Techniques
Patent US20090030458 - Method for stabilizing spine - Google PatentsPatent US20090030458 - Method for stabilizing spine - Google Patents
Exercises to strengthen core without bending your spine? | Yahoo AnswersExercises to strengthen core without bending your spine? | Yahoo Answers
Some Benefits of Minimally Invasive Spine SurgerySome Benefits of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery
Black Zipbind Binding SpinesBlack Zipbind Binding Spines
Lumbar Spine X-ray, Osteoporotic Spine Stock Photo - Image: 14088704Lumbar Spine X-ray, Osteoporotic Spine Stock Photo - Image: 14088704
Cervical spine disorder - WikipediaCervical spine disorder - Wikipedia
The Spine LineThe Spine Line
Kyphosis | Spine Center | OHSUKyphosis | Spine Center | OHSU
Bookselling - Spine chilling | Business | The EconomistBookselling - Spine chilling | Business | The Economist
Atlas of Spine Surgery - Google BooksAtlas of Spine Surgery - Google Books
X-Ray Exam: Cervical SpineX-Ray Exam: Cervical Spine
Spinal Bracing | Spine Center | OHSUSpinal Bracing | Spine Center | OHSU
spine - Starts With A Bangspine - Starts With A Bang
The Rheumatoid Cervical Spine | SpringerLinkThe Rheumatoid Cervical Spine | SpringerLink
Spine Injuries | Spine Disorders | MedlinePlusSpine Injuries | Spine Disorders | MedlinePlus
Endoscopic Spine SurgeryEndoscopic Spine Surgery
Spine Candles | MakeSpine Candles | Make
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Amendia Launches New SYZYGY™ Spine Stabilization SystemAmendia Launches New SYZYGY™ Spine Stabilization System
Amendia Partnership with Global Spine Outreach StrengthensAmendia Partnership with Global Spine Outreach Strengthens
North American Spine Featured on the CWNorth American Spine Featured on the CW
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Cervical SpineMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Cervical Spine
How are spine curvature disorders treated?How are spine curvature disorders treated?
Rigid spine muscular dystrophy: MedlinePlus GeneticsRigid spine muscular dystrophy: MedlinePlus Genetics
Osteoporosis Spine Fractures: Risks, Symptoms, TreatmentsOsteoporosis Spine Fractures: Risks, Symptoms, Treatments
OPEN-ILS-GENERAL] Spine Label PrintersOPEN-ILS-GENERAL] Spine Label Printers
Cervical and Thoracic Spine Injuries | SpringerLinkCervical and Thoracic Spine Injuries | SpringerLink
Spine - Anterior (Front) ViewSpine - Anterior (Front) View
Cervical spine - Neurology - MedHelpCervical spine - Neurology - MedHelp
Urban Dictionary: Spine TitUrban Dictionary: Spine Tit
Principles and Practice of Spine Surgery - Google BooksPrinciples and Practice of Spine Surgery - Google Books
C-spines - WiktionaryC-spines - Wiktionary
Thorns, spines, and prickles - WikipediaThorns, spines, and prickles - Wikipedia
Thoracic SpineThoracic Spine
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
SpineCervical VertebraeLumbar VertebraeSpinal DiseasesSpinal InjuriesThoracic VertebraeDendritesSpinal FusionSpinal FracturesSpinal NeoplasmsBone DensitySynapsesHippocampusIntervertebral DiscSpinal Cord CompressionScoliosisKyphosisIntervertebral Disc DisplacementSpinal CurvaturesNeuronal PlasticityZygapophyseal JointLaminectomyLumbosacral RegionAbsorptiometry, PhotonPyramidal CellsOrthopedic ProceduresSpinal CanalLordosisBone ScrewsDecompression, SurgicalSpinal StenosisNeuronsTuberculosis, SpinalOrthopedic Fixation DevicesSpinal OsteophytosisDiskectomyOsteoporosisSpondylolisthesisSilver StainingFemur NeckSpondylitisRange of Motion, ArticularSacrumBack PainDislocationsMagnetic Resonance ImagingTractionTomography, X-Ray ComputedIntervertebral Disc DegenerationHipOsteoporosis, PostmenopausalSpondylosisCadaverRadiographyAxisMyelographyWeight-BearingRadiculopathyNeurosurgical ProceduresLow Back PainNeck InjuriesAtlanto-Axial JointFractures, BoneReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateReceptors, AMPADiscitisTotal Disc ReplacementCA1 Region, HippocampalIliumNeck PainOssification of Posterior Longitudinal LigamentLong-Term PotentiationLigamentum FlavumBone Diseases, MetabolicSpondylitis, AnkylosingTreatment OutcomePostureSpinal Cord DiseasesImmobilizationSynaptic TransmissionCell Surface ExtensionsModels, AnatomicExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsDura MaterOdontoid ProcessPost-Synaptic DensityPelvisMicroscopy, ConfocalRats, Sprague-DawleyJoint InstabilityGuanylate KinaseProstheses and ImplantsNerve Tissue ProteinsRetrospective StudiesGreen Fluorescent ProteinsManipulation, SpinalEpidural SpaceFluoroscopyBone and BonesHyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic SkeletalPelvic BonesCells, CulturedAtlanto-Occipital JointRadiusSpinal Cord NeoplasmsSpinal Cord InjuriesBone TransplantationTime FactorsLigamentsPostoperative ComplicationsCerebral CortexPurkinje CellsPseudarthrosisBracesImaging, Three-DimensionalPseudopodiaVertebroplastySpondylolysisOrgan Culture TechniquesWhiplash InjuriesBone PlatesImage Processing, Computer-AssistedPain MeasurementBone Density Conservation AgentsSacroiliac JointFinite Element AnalysisEndoplasmic Reticulum, SmoothOrthopedicsFollow-Up StudiesSpinal Nerve RootsFemurRotationFractures, SpontaneousRibsActinsOsteoblastomaAnkylosisModels, NeurologicalLaryngoscopesWounds, NonpenetratingCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2Mice, Inbred C57BLAnalysis of VarianceSynovial CystOrthopedic EquipmentPresynaptic TerminalsReceptors, GlutamateAnimals, NewbornMovementSpinal CordCell ShapeParaplegiaNeuropilOrthotic DevicesQuadriplegiaOccipital BoneAlendronateProspective StudiesReproducibility of ResultsHip JointOsteoma, OsteoidMicroscopy, Fluorescence, MultiphotonMicrofilament ProteinsNeckMicroscopy, ElectronMice, TransgenicChordomaOsteomyelitisSurgery, Computer-AssistedNerve Compression SyndromesIschiumBone RemodelingBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorSurgical Procedures, Minimally InvasiveAgingBackObserver VariationHematoma, Epidural, SpinalGuanine Nucleotide Exchange FactorsMicroscopy, ImmunoelectronEpidural AbscessMice, KnockoutPolyradiculopathyOsteophyteSynaptic MembranesCalciumPrefrontal CortexGlutamic AcidNeurosurgeryAccidents, TrafficExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsAge FactorsNeuronavigationEmbryo, MammalianDisability EvaluationFragile X Mental Retardation ProteinAthletic InjuriesLuminescent ProteinsFracture Fixation, InternalVesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1Patch-Clamp Techniques
VertebraeSurgeonsSurgeriesSurgeonScoliosisSurgicalVertebralPatient's spine2020MusclesBack of the spinePatientsTreatmentsSurgery is performedImplantsTraining in complex spinePosteriorOrthopaedicMinimallySurgerySurgicalSpinal cordThoracic spine2017Anatomy of the cervical spineInjuriesPediatric spinePenile SpinesVertebrae of the spineCurvatureDeformitiesBoneLumbar Spine AnatomyFractureSacralLower spineLigamentsFlexion and extensionComputed tomographyConditionsNeurosurgeryDisordersChanges in the SpineSacrumNeckSymptomsPhysiciansInterventional Pain ManagementAnteriorHttpsCompressionPracticeInterventions2000PatientsTreatmentsFracturesAbnormalArthritisFixation
Vertebrae3
Surgeons2
  • The new, innovative robotic guidance technology's software allows surgeons to pre-plan a patient's spine surgery virtually, using a 3-D simulation of the spinal anatomy based upon their most recent CT scan. (uconn.edu)
  • Two other UConn Health surgeons in addition to Moss - Dr. Hilary Onyiuke , director of the Comprehensive Spine Center at the UConn Musculoskeletal Institute and chief of the Division of Neurosurgery, and Dr. Ryan Zengou , assistant professor in the Department of Surgery's Division of Neurosurgery and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery - plan to use the robotic guidance system. (uconn.edu)
Surgeries2
Surgeon5
  • Dr. Isaac Moss of the UConn Musculoskeletal Institute will be New England's and Connecticut's first surgeon to use pioneering robotic guidance technology to assist him during spine surgery at UConn John Dempsey Hospital. (uconn.edu)
  • Beginning in January, Dr. Isaac Moss , assistant professor of orthopaedic surgery and neurosurgery at the Comprehensive Spine Center of the UConn Musculoskeletal Institute , will be New England's and Connecticut's first surgeon to use the new Mazor Robotics Renaissance Guidance System to assist him during spine surgery at UConn John Dempsey Hospital. (uconn.edu)
  • Orthopaedic surgeon Dr. Isaac Moss holds the technology's small robotic arm, about the size of a soda can, which will help him pinpoint the most precise spot to place screws and other hardware into a patient's spine. (uconn.edu)
  • During the procedure, the technology guides its robotic arm along the spine to help the surgeon pinpoint the precise location to place his tools to ensure for the greatest accuracy and safe placement of screws and other hardware into the spine. (uconn.edu)
  • Dr. Magdon is a fellowship-trained, board-eligible orthopaedic spine surgeon. (blueridgeortho.com)
Scoliosis4
Surgical3
  • Other potential benefits of the robotic guidance technology include smaller incisions, shorter operative times, shorter hospitalization and recovery, less pain for patients, and less exposure to fluoroscopy X-ray radiation during a spine procedure for both a patient and their surgical team. (uconn.edu)
  • His clinical expertise is in the non-surgical and surgical care of diseases of the spine. (blueridgeortho.com)
  • Blue Ridge operates a fully accredited out-patient surgical center on its campus, as well as a dedicated physical therapy center, pain management team, nutrition services and spine team. (blueridgeortho.com)
Vertebral1
  • At each vertebral level of the spine there is a pair of nerve roots which supply particular parts of the body with electrical pulses. (jointimplant.com)
Patient's spine1
  • Once inside the operating room, the Mazor technology matches, in real time, the surgeon's pre-operative 3-D plan with intra-operative X-ray imaging of the patient's spine. (uconn.edu)
20201
  • Blue Ridge Orthopaedic & Spine Center was recently voted by Virginia Living Magazine for a 2020 Best of Northern Virginia award. (blueridgeortho.com)
Muscles4
Back of the spine1
Patients2
Treatments1
  • Dr. Hyder and his team believe that the majority of spine issues can be resolved without surgery, through non-invasive treatments like physical therapy and pain management. (true-mis.com)
Surgery is performed1
Implants2
Training in complex spine1
  • Dr. Choll Kim graduated cum laude from Harvard Medical School and completed his fellowship training in complex spine surgery at the Mayo Clinic. (empowher.com)
Posterior4
Orthopaedic1
Minimally16
Surgery44
Surgical12
Spinal cord6
Thoracic spine6
20171
Anatomy of the cervical spine1
Injuries6
  • However, if the cervical spine is injured it can cause many minor or traumatic problems, and although these injuries vary specifically they are more commonly known as "cervical spine disorders" as a whole. (wikipedia.org)
  • Subaxial cervical spine Atlanto-axial joint The elderly Because of such symptoms, people often mistake cervical spine disorder indicators for coronary artery disease, and although individuals of any age can develop spine threatening injuries, the people that are affected by it the most are the elderly. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Veritas Health platform comprising of Spine-health.com , Arthritis-health.com , Sports-health.com , and Pain-health.com , provides comprehensive information on back pain, arthritis, sports injuries, and chronic pain conditions. (spine-health.com)
  • The site aims to make it easier for those suffering from chronic pain, sports injuries, leg, foot and ankle problems or people with physical therapy needs to learn more about the medical team and services at Spine Institute Northwest. (24-7pressrelease.com)
  • The Fellowship involves a one-year experience of intensive post-residency training in disorders and injuries of the spine in adult and pediatric patients. (brown.edu)
  • Sports injuries, car crashes and work place incidents are just some causes of underlying spine conditions. (vancouversun.com)
Pediatric spine1
Penile Spines13
Vertebrae of the spine2
  • First are the vertebrae of the spine, and underneath those are three layers of tough membrane called the meninges. (healthline.com)
  • Basically, chiropractors adjust the vertebrae of the spine because signs of articular dysfunction (eg, restricted mobility, abnormal alignment, or inflammation) are present. (chiro.org)
Curvature3
Deformities6
  • Spine Deformity , the official journal of the Scoliosis Research Society, is a peer-refereed publication to disseminate knowledge on basic science and clinical research into the etiology , biomechanics , treatment methods and outcomes of all types of spinal deformities . (springer.com)
  • The journal will enhance the mission of the Society, which is to foster the optimal care of all patients with spine deformities worldwide. (springer.com)
  • The physician education and training GSO provides is invaluable to the spine industry's success and advancement in first-rate treatment of the most severe spinal deformities," said Chris Fair, Amendia's CEO. (prweb.com)
  • Global Spine Outreach is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization providing medical treatment to children suffering from the effects of spinal deformities worldwide without charge to the patient or their families. (prweb.com)
  • Over time, muscles surrounding the spine atrophy, and the joints of the spine develop deformities called contractures that restrict movement. (medlineplus.gov)
  • As part of the Growing Spine Study Group , Children's National is one of 25 hospitals around the globe working to improve care for early onset scoliosis and related deformities. (childrensnational.org)
Bone5
  • Your backbone, or spine, is made up of 26 bone discs called vertebrae. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It is possible to fracture more than one bone in the spine. (webmd.com)
  • The spine is a column of bone and cartilage that extends from the base of the skull to the pelvis. (innerbody.com)
  • Bone fractures in the spine can come from a variety of causes, including osteoporosis, hyperthyroidism, or cancer and its treatments including chemotherapy and radiation therapy. (selfgrowth.com)
  • In these cases the anterior structures of the spine, the vertebral body, lose enough bone mass to become weaker. (emoryhealthcare.org)
Lumbar Spine Anatomy2
Fracture4
  • If you have an injury such as a compression fracture of the spine, you usually wear a rigid brace made with metal or hard plastic. (ohsu.edu)
  • If you have an unstable spine fracture, your doctor might give you a rigid brace that acts like a cast. (ohsu.edu)
  • Many people report some type of back pain when they have a spine fracture, but others don't have any symptoms. (webmd.com)
  • Fracture patterns of the adolescent porcine spine: an experimental loading study in bending-compression. (springer.com)
Sacral1
Lower spine3
  • Using a high definition camera and other diagnostic tools, the AccuraScope procedure's goal is to pinpoint all sources of chronic lower spine symptoms and treat them with advanced tools. (prnewswire.com)
  • Fractures in the lower spine often cause greater pain and trouble moving than those in the upper spine. (webmd.com)
  • Colonoscopy , polyp s, biopsy , ulcer s, arthritis in both of my hips and lower spine and high blood pressure . (everything2.com)
Ligaments1
Flexion and extension2
Computed tomography2
Conditions6
Neurosurgery1
Disorders6
Changes in the Spine1
Sacrum2
Neck6
  • A cervical spine X-ray can help find the cause of symptoms such as neck, shoulder, upper back, or arm pain, as well as tingling, numbness, or weakness in the arm or hand. (kidshealth.org)
  • MRI of the cervical spine can be useful in evaluating problems such as pain, numbness, tingling or weakness in the arms, shoulder or neck area, and can help detect certain chronic diseases of the nervous system. (kidshealth.org)
  • By extending the spine and increasing your spine's ability to extend, you can drastically reduce pain, tension and stress on your neck and improve your everyday posture. (google.com)
  • Support your neck when foam rolling your spine. (google.com)
  • MESA, Ariz., Aug. 11, 2013 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- BackFit Health + Spine announced the launch of a new website to better serve neck and back pain patients in the greater Phoenix area. (cnbc.com)
  • Chandler, Gilbert, Mesa and Phoenix back pain and neck pain patients can now learn more about chiropractic care by visiting the redesigned website for BackFit Health + Spine. (cnbc.com)
Symptoms2
  • Is any of these symptoms due to the straightening of the spine, degenerative disc disease or could this all possible be related to my shoulders? (medhelp.org)
  • NJ Spine and Wellness presents a lecture about the latest findings about concussions, identification of symptoms and proper management for parents, coaches, athletic trainers and directors, reports NJ Spine and Wellness. (cnbc.com)
Physicians3
  • 5. What are the biggest coding and payment hurdles facing spine specialists as less physicians are in private practice than in years past? (spine.org)
  • Edited by Dr. John Mathis, a former president of the American Society of Spine Radiology, and Dr. Stanley Golovac, who both have clinical practices devoted solely to spine procedures and pain management, the book will be useful to all physicians dealing with back pain, including radiologists, pain anesthesiologists, spine neurosurgeons, and orthopedists. (springer.com)
  • Physicians will once again find that Image-Guided Spine Interventions, 2nd Edition , is the pivotal authority on image-guided techniques for the spine. (springer.com)
Interventional Pain Management1
Anterior3
  • Usually, three different pictures usually are taken of the cervical spine: one from the front (AP or anterior-posterior view), one from the side (lateral view), and another from the front through an open mouth (odontoid view). (kidshealth.org)
  • The anterior superior iliac spine is the area where the iliac crest terminates anteriorly. (innerbody.com)
  • The reversal of the usual lordotic curve of the spine means that these vertebrae are pushing anterior just alittle and therefore changing the curve of the spine. (medhelp.org)
Https1
  • Cervical Spine Injury Mechanisms," SAE Technical Paper 831616, 1983, https://doi.org/10.4271/831616 . (sae.org)
Compression2
Practice3
  • In addition, each Fellows will be responsible for managing his/her own limited private practice of spine patients and will be responsible for evaluating and managing the care of spine trauma patients admitted through the Level I Trauma Center at Rhode Island Hospital. (brown.edu)
  • Lastly, the Fellowship Directors will provide instruction in the business side of organizing and managing a spine practice. (brown.edu)
  • While this issue is not unique to spine care, the timeliness of certain spine-related diagnosis highlights a certain urgency, and advocating for patients with limited resources can be a frustrating part of the day-to-day practice. (spine.org)
Interventions1
20001
Patients1
Treatments1
Fractures6
  • Who's Most Likely to Get Spine Fractures? (webmd.com)
  • Women, especially those older than 50, are most likely to get spine fractures. (webmd.com)
  • Women and men who have osteoporosis have much higher chances of getting spine fractures. (webmd.com)
  • What's the Treatment for Spine Fractures? (webmd.com)
  • How Can I Prevent Spine Fractures? (webmd.com)
  • One other problem is that if you stiffen several segments in fusion in an osteoporotic spine, there will be additional stresses delivered to the first open motion segment, and this vertebra often fractures later. (emoryhealthcare.org)
Abnormal1
  • Abnormal magnetic resonance scans of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic subjects: a prospective investigation. (springer.com)
Arthritis12
Fixation1
Clinical Spine Surgery
Clinical Spine Surgery (journals.lww.com)
Lava Spine - Item - World of Warcraft
Lava Spine - Item - World of Warcraft (wowhead.com)
U.S. gold medalist severs spine in ATV accident
U.S. gold medalist severs spine in ATV accident (indystar.com)
Spine-Ripper Bracers - Item - World of Warcraft
Spine-Ripper Bracers - Item - World of Warcraft (wowhead.com)
All sizes | Spine Cheek and unknown black clownfish | Flickr - Photo Sharing!
All sizes | Spine Cheek and unknown black clownfish | Flickr - Photo Sharing! (flickr.com)
Pin on Spine & Pain Related
Pin on Spine & Pain Related (pinterest.com)
Woodward Spine (woodwardspine) on Pinterest
Woodward Spine (woodwardspine) on Pinterest (pinterest.com)
Cervical Spine Meninges Nerves Diagram & Function | Body Maps
Cervical Spine Meninges Nerves Diagram & Function | Body Maps (healthline.com)
First Lumbar Spine Vertebrae, Function & Diagram | Body Maps
First Lumbar Spine Vertebrae, Function & Diagram | Body Maps (healthline.com)
A case of scoliosis: Richard III's spine was twisted, not hunched - CNN
A case of scoliosis: Richard III's spine was twisted, not hunched - CNN (cnn.com)
Spine surgery in Brighton | Nuffield Health
Spine surgery in Brighton | Nuffield Health (nuffieldhealth.com)
Royalty free Spine stock photos and images | Clipart.com
Royalty free Spine stock photos and images | Clipart.com (clipart.com)
Head Trauma in Glendale Compensation | Spine Injuries Glendale | ODG
Head Trauma in Glendale Compensation | Spine Injuries Glendale | ODG (odglawgroup.com)
'Sketchbook, with 'Anatomy' on the spine', James Boswell, [c.1941-5] - Tate Archive |...
'Sketchbook, with 'Anatomy' on the spine', James Boswell, [c.1941-5] - Tate Archive |... (tate.org.uk)
'Sketchbook, labelled 'Shell' on the spine', James Boswell, [c.1936-47] - Tate Archive |...
'Sketchbook, labelled 'Shell' on the spine', James Boswell, [c.1936-47] - Tate Archive |... (tate.org.uk)
Jockey Makes Derby Comeback After Spill That Fractured Spine - NBC Los Angeles
Jockey Makes Derby Comeback After Spill That Fractured Spine - NBC Los Angeles (nbclosangeles.com)
Spine Rehabilitation Exercises - OrthoInfo - AAOS
Spine Rehabilitation Exercises - OrthoInfo - AAOS (orthoinfo.org)
Meet Quasimodo, the dog with the short spine - NBC2 News
Meet Quasimodo, the dog with the short spine - NBC2 News (nbc-2.com)
The Marvel Super Heroes Podcast Episode 085 : Rolled Spine Podcasts : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive
The Marvel Super Heroes Podcast Episode 085 : Rolled Spine Podcasts : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive (archive.org)
The Marvel Super Heroes Podcast Episode 084 : Rolled Spine Podcasts : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive
The Marvel Super Heroes Podcast Episode 084 : Rolled Spine Podcasts : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive (archive.org)
Proper Posture | Health | Spine | Slouching | Back Pain | Joint Stiffness | Exercise | Ergonomics
Proper Posture | Health | Spine | Slouching | Back Pain | Joint Stiffness | Exercise | Ergonomics (kidzworld.com)
'Under My Hat' full of spine-tingling stories for cold...
'Under My Hat' full of spine-tingling stories for cold... (blogs.denverpost.com)
Concord Medical Spine and Pain Center ordered to close
Concord Medical Spine and Pain Center ordered to close (delawareonline.com)
Up C Spine - Testimonials
Up C Spine - Testimonials (upcspine.com)
New technology at Valley Children's helps straighten spine without surgery, pain | The Fresno Bee
New technology at Valley Children's helps straighten spine without surgery, pain | The Fresno Bee (fresnobee.com)
Fork - Spine - General - Arabic Vocabulary - Madinah Arabic
Fork - Spine - General - Arabic Vocabulary - Madinah Arabic (madinaharabic.com)
4th & 5th Lumbar Model | Spine | Skeletons | Anatomy Training | Simulation Learning | Healthcare | Nasco
4th & 5th Lumbar Model | Spine | Skeletons | Anatomy Training | Simulation Learning | Healthcare | Nasco (enasco.com)
Spine Labels
Spine Labels (padlet.com)
What Are the Benefits of Spine Surgery Performed at an Ambulatory Surgery Center
What Are the Benefits of Spine Surgery Performed at an Ambulatory Surgery Center (spineuniverse.com)
Court docs: Dowagiac man shook stepdaughter and severed her spine, killing her | WSBT
Court docs: Dowagiac man shook stepdaughter and severed her spine, killing her | WSBT (wsbt.com)