Spectroscopy fourier transform infrared. Medical search

A spectroscopic technique in which a range of wavelengths is presented simultaneously with an interferometer and the spectrum is mathematically derived from the pattern thus obtained.

Analysis based on the mathematical function first formulated by Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Fourier in 1807. The function, known as the Fourier transform, describes the sinusoidal pattern of any fluctuating pattern in the physical world in terms of its amplitude and its phase. It has broad applications in biomedicine, e.g., analysis of the x-ray crystallography data pivotal in identifying the double helical nature of DNA and in analysis of other molecules, including viruses, and the modified back-projection algorithm universally used in computerized tomography imaging, etc. (From Segen, The Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)

Spectrophotometry in the infrared region, usually for the purpose of chemical analysis through measurement of absorption spectra associated with rotational and vibrational energy levels of molecules. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).

Differential thermal analysis in which the sample compartment of the apparatus is a differential calorimeter, allowing an exact measure of the heat of transition independent of the specific heat, thermal conductivity, and other variables of the sample.

Technique whereby the weight of a sample can be followed over a period of time while its temperature is being changed (usually increased at a constant rate).

The level of protein structure in which regular hydrogen-bond interactions within contiguous stretches of polypeptide chain give rise to alpha helices, beta strands (which align to form beta sheets) or other types of coils. This is the first folding level of protein conformation.

Method of using a polycrystalline powder and Rietveld refinement (LEAST SQUARES ANALYSIS) of X-RAY DIFFRACTION or NEUTRON DIFFRACTION. It circumvents the difficulties of producing single large crystals.

The scattering of x-rays by matter, especially crystals, with accompanying variation in intensity due to interference effects. Analysis of the crystal structure of materials is performed by passing x-rays through them and registering the diffraction image of the rays (CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, X-RAY). (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Rhodopsins found in the PURPLE MEMBRANE of halophilic archaea such as HALOBACTERIUM HALOBIUM. Bacteriorhodopsins function as an energy transducers, converting light energy into electrochemical energy via PROTON PUMPS.

Devices for accelerating charged particles in a spiral path by a constant-frequency alternating electric field. This electric field is synchronized with the movement of the particles in a constant magnetic field.

Analysis of the intensity of Raman scattering of monochromatic light as a function of frequency of the scattered light.

A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Analytical technique for studying substances present at enzyme concentrations in single cells, in situ, by measuring light absorption. Light from a tungsten strip lamp or xenon arc dispersed by a grating monochromator illuminates the optical system of a microscope. The absorbance of light is measured (in nanometers) by comparing the difference between the image of the sample and a reference image.

A change from planar to elliptic polarization when an initially plane-polarized light wave traverses an optically active medium. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).

Deacetylated CHITIN, a linear polysaccharide of deacetylated beta-1,4-D-glucosamine. It is used in HYDROGEL and to treat WOUNDS.

Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.

A noninvasive technique that uses the differential absorption properties of hemoglobin and myoglobin to evaluate tissue oxygenation and indirectly can measure regional hemodynamics and blood flow. Near-infrared light (NIR) can propagate through tissues and at particular wavelengths is differentially absorbed by oxygenated vs. deoxygenated forms of hemoglobin and myoglobin. Illumination of intact tissue with NIR allows qualitative assessment of changes in the tissue concentration of these molecules. The analysis is also used to determine body composition.

Chemistry dealing with the composition and preparation of agents having PHARMACOLOGIC ACTIONS or diagnostic use.

The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.

The physical characteristics and processes of biological systems.

Relating to the size of solids.

Nanometer-scale composite structures composed of organic molecules intimately incorporated with inorganic molecules. (Glossary of Biotechnology and Nanobiotechology Terms, 4th ed)

The study of PHYSICAL PHENOMENA and PHYSICAL PROCESSES as applied to living things.

The study of the energy of electrons ejected from matter by the photoelectric effect, i.e., as a direct result of absorption of energy from electromagnetic radiation. As the energies of the electrons are characteristic of a specific element, the measurement of the energy of these electrons is a technique used to determine the chemical composition of surfaces.

The ability of a substance to be dissolved, i.e. to form a solution with another substance. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Characteristics or attributes of the outer boundaries of objects, including molecules.

A colloidal, hydrated aluminum silicate that swells 12 times its dry size when added to water.

The homogeneous mixtures formed by the mixing of a solid, liquid, or gaseous substance (solute) with a liquid (the solvent), from which the dissolved substances can be recovered by physical processes. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

The isotopic compound of hydrogen of mass 2 (deuterium) with oxygen. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) It is used to study mechanisms and rates of chemical or nuclear reactions, as well as biological processes.

The measurement of the amplitude of the components of a complex waveform throughout the frequency range of the waveform. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.

A species of halophilic archaea found in salt lakes. Some strains form a PURPLE MEMBRANE under anaerobic conditions.

Layers of lipid molecules which are two molecules thick. Bilayer systems are frequently studied as models of biological membranes.

The spectrometric analysis of fluorescent X-RAYS, i.e. X-rays emitted after bombarding matter with high energy particles such as PROTONS; ELECTRONS; or higher energy X-rays. Identification of ELEMENTS by this technique is based on the specific type of X-rays that are emitted which are characteristic of the specific elements in the material being analyzed. The characteristic X-rays are distinguished and/or quantified by either wavelength dispersive or energy dispersive methods.

The application of scientific knowledge or technology to pharmacy and the pharmaceutical industry. It includes methods, techniques, and instrumentation in the manufacture, preparation, compounding, dispensing, packaging, and storing of drugs and other preparations used in diagnostic and determinative procedures, and in the treatment of patients.

Removal of moisture from a substance (chemical, food, tissue, etc.).

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

Condensation products of aromatic amines and aldehydes forming azomethines substituted on the N atom, containing the general formula R-N:CHR. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

A subclass of heme a containing cytochromes that have two imidazole nitrogens as axial ligands and an alpha-band absorption of 605 nm. They are found in a variety of microorganisms and in eucaryotes as a low-spin cytochrome component of MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.

A subclass of heme a containing cytochromes with an alpha-band absorption of 605 nm. They are found in a variety of microorganisms and in eukaryotes as a high-spin cytochrome component of MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.

A rigorously mathematical analysis of energy relationships (heat, work, temperature, and equilibrium). It describes systems whose states are determined by thermal parameters, such as temperature, in addition to mechanical and electromagnetic parameters. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed)

Poly-2-methylpropenoic acids. Used in the manufacture of methacrylate resins and plastics in the form of pellets and granules, as absorbent for biological materials and as filters; also as biological membranes and as hydrogens. Synonyms: methylacrylate polymer; poly(methylacrylate); acrylic acid methyl ester polymer.

Deuterium. The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.

Seven-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives.

A group of phosphate minerals that includes ten mineral species and has the general formula X5(YO4)3Z, where X is usually calcium or lead, Y is phosphorus or arsenic, and Z is chlorine, fluorine, or OH-. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Pollution prevention through the design of effective chemical products that have low or no toxicity and use of chemical processes that reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances.

The mineral component of bones and teeth; it has been used therapeutically as a prosthetic aid and in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

A technique applicable to the wide variety of substances which exhibit paramagnetism because of the magnetic moments of unpaired electrons. The spectra are useful for detection and identification, for determination of electron structure, for study of interactions between molecules, and for measurement of nuclear spins and moments. (From McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 7th edition) Electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopy is a variant of the technique which can give enhanced resolution. Electron spin resonance analysis can now be used in vivo, including imaging applications such as MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING.

The preparation, mixing, and assembling of a drug. (From Remington, The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19th ed, p1814)

Forms to which substances are incorporated to improve the delivery and the effectiveness of drugs. Drug carriers are used in drug-delivery systems such as the controlled-release technology to prolong in vivo drug actions, decrease drug metabolism, and reduce drug toxicity. Carriers are also used in designs to increase the effectiveness of drug delivery to the target sites of pharmacological actions. Liposomes, albumin microspheres, soluble synthetic polymers, DNA complexes, protein-drug conjugates, and carrier erythrocytes among others have been employed as biodegradable drug carriers.

Electron microscopy in which the ELECTRONS or their reaction products that pass down through the specimen are imaged below the plane of the specimen.

A continuing periodic change in displacement with respect to a fixed reference. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A change of a substance from one form or state to another.

The testing of materials and devices, especially those used for PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; SUTURES; TISSUE ADHESIVES; etc., for hardness, strength, durability, safety, efficacy, and biocompatibility.

The characteristic three-dimensional shape of a molecule.

That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared range.

Determination of the spectra of ultraviolet absorption by specific molecules in gases or liquids, for example Cl2, SO2, NO2, CS2, ozone, mercury vapor, and various unsaturated compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Stable elementary particles having the smallest known positive charge, found in the nuclei of all elements. The proton mass is less than that of a neutron. A proton is the nucleus of the light hydrogen atom, i.e., the hydrogen ion.

Usually inert substances added to a prescription in order to provide suitable consistency to the dosage form. These include binders, matrix, base or diluent in pills, tablets, creams, salves, etc.

An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers.

A synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers for the study of biological membranes.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of chemical processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

Method of tissue preparation in which the tissue specimen is frozen and then dehydrated at low temperature in a high vacuum. This method is also used for dehydrating pharmaceutical and food products.

A low-energy attractive force between hydrogen and another element. It plays a major role in determining the properties of water, proteins, and other compounds.

Measurement of the intensity and quality of fluorescence.

A conjugated protein which is the oxygen-transporting pigment of muscle. It is made up of one globin polypeptide chain and one heme group.

Carbon monoxide (CO). A poisonous colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. It combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which has no oxygen carrying capacity. The resultant oxygen deprivation causes headache, dizziness, decreased pulse and respiratory rates, unconsciousness, and death. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

Silver. An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA.

Devices for accelerating protons or electrons in closed orbits where the accelerating voltage and magnetic field strength varies (the accelerating voltage is held constant for electrons) in order to keep the orbit radius constant.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Nanometer-sized particles that are nanoscale in three dimensions. They include nanocrystaline materials; NANOCAPSULES; METAL NANOPARTICLES; DENDRIMERS, and QUANTUM DOTS. The uses of nanoparticles include DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS and cancer targeting and imaging.

Mathematical procedure that transforms a number of possibly correlated variables into a smaller number of uncorrelated variables called principal components.

Chemical bond cleavage reactions resulting from absorption of radiant energy.

A type of scanning probe microscopy in which a probe systematically rides across the surface of a sample being scanned in a raster pattern. The vertical position is recorded as a spring attached to the probe rises and falls in response to peaks and valleys on the surface. These deflections produce a topographic map of the sample.

Dosage forms of a drug that act over a period of time by controlled-release processes or technology.

Liquids that dissolve other substances (solutes), generally solids, without any change in chemical composition, as, water containing sugar. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

The quality or state of being wettable or the degree to which something can be wet. This is also the ability of any solid surface to be wetted when in contact with a liquid whose surface tension is reduced so that the liquid spreads over the surface of the solid.

Organic compounds containing the -CO-NH2 radical. Amides are derived from acids by replacement of -OH by -NH2 or from ammonia by the replacement of H by an acyl group. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Artificially produced membranes, such as semipermeable membranes used in artificial kidney dialysis (RENAL DIALYSIS), monomolecular and bimolecular membranes used as models to simulate biological CELL MEMBRANES. These membranes are also used in the process of GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION.

Acrylic acids or acrylates which are substituted in the C-2 position with a methyl group.

The art or process of comparing photometrically the relative intensities of the light in different parts of the spectrum.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

Nanoparticles produced from metals whose uses include biosensors, optics, and catalysts. In biomedical applications the particles frequently involve the noble metals, especially gold and silver.

Transparent, tasteless crystals found in nature as agate, amethyst, chalcedony, cristobalite, flint, sand, QUARTZ, and tridymite. The compound is insoluble in water or acids except hydrofluoric acid.

A principle of estimation in which the estimates of a set of parameters in a statistical model are those quantities minimizing the sum of squared differences between the observed values of a dependent variable and the values predicted by the model.

A nitrogen-free class of lipids present in animal and particularly plant tissues and composed of one mole of glycerol and 1 or 2 moles of phosphatidic acid. Members of this group differ from one another in the nature of the fatty acids released on hydrolysis.

Artificial, single or multilaminar vesicles (made from lecithins or other lipids) that are used for the delivery of a variety of biological molecules or molecular complexes to cells, for example, drug delivery and gene transfer. They are also used to study membranes and membrane proteins.

One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.

That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum usually sensed as heat. Infrared wavelengths are longer than those of visible light, extending into the microwave frequencies. They are used therapeutically as heat, and also to warm food in restaurants.

Colloids with a solid continuous phase and liquid as the dispersed phase; gels may be unstable when, due to temperature or other cause, the solid phase liquefies; the resulting colloid is called a sol.

The adhesion of gases, liquids, or dissolved solids onto a surface. It includes adsorptive phenomena of bacteria and viruses onto surfaces as well. ABSORPTION into the substance may follow but not necessarily.

Compounds formed by the joining of smaller, usually repeating, units linked by covalent bonds. These compounds often form large macromolecules (e.g., BIOPOLYMERS; PLASTICS).

Synthetic or natural materials, other than DRUGS, that are used to replace or repair any body TISSUES or bodily function.

Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a choline moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and choline and 2 moles of fatty acids.

NMR spectroscopy on small- to medium-size biological macromolecules. This is often used for structural investigation of proteins and nucleic acids, and often involves more than one isotope.

Chemical reaction in which monomeric components are combined to form POLYMERS (e.g., POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE).

A nonionic polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block co-polymer with the general formula HO(C2H4O)a(-C3H6O)b(C2H4O)aH. It is available in different grades which vary from liquids to solids. It is used as an emulsifying agent, solubilizing agent, surfactant, and wetting agent for antibiotics. Poloxamer is also used in ointment and suppository bases and as a tablet binder or coater. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)

Nanometer-sized, hollow, spherically-shaped objects that can be utilized to encapsulate small amounts of pharmaceuticals, enzymes, or other catalysts (Glossary of Biotechnology and Nanobiotechnology, 4th ed).

The formation of crystalline substances from solutions or melts. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The chemical and physical integrity of a pharmaceutical product.

A genus of rod-shaped, extremely halophilic HALOBACTERIACEAE which grows in alkaline conditions. They are strictly aerobic and some strains are motile. Natronobacterium is found in soda lakes, alkaline salterns, and soda soils.

A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).

Disruption of the non-covalent bonds and/or disulfide bonds responsible for maintaining the three-dimensional shape and activity of the native protein.

Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS.

A mass spectrometry technique used for analysis of nonvolatile compounds such as proteins and macromolecules. The technique involves preparing electrically charged droplets from analyte molecules dissolved in solvent. The electrically charged droplets enter a vacuum chamber where the solvent is evaporated. Evaporation of solvent reduces the droplet size, thereby increasing the coulombic repulsion within the droplet. As the charged droplets get smaller, the excess charge within them causes them to disintegrate and release analyte molecules. The volatilized analyte molecules are then analyzed by mass spectrometry.

The thermodynamic interaction between a substance and WATER.

A large multisubunit protein complex found in the THYLAKOID MEMBRANE. It uses light energy derived from LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES to catalyze the splitting of WATER into DIOXYGEN and of reducing equivalents of HYDROGEN.

A genus of HALOBACTERIACEAE whose growth requires a high concentration of salt. Binary fission is by constriction.

A chelating agent used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning.

Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.

Hyaline cartilages in the nose. There are five major nasal cartilages including two lateral, two alar, and one septal.

A polyvinyl polymer of variable molecular weight; used as suspending and dispersing agent and vehicle for pharmaceuticals; also used as blood volume expander.

The mechanical property of material that determines its resistance to force. HARDNESS TESTS measure this property.

The fruiting 'heads' or 'caps' of FUNGI, which as a food item are familiarly known as MUSHROOMS, that contain the FUNGAL SPORES.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

The development and use of techniques to study physical phenomena and construct structures in the nanoscale size range or smaller.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

Extracellular substance of bone tissue consisting of COLLAGEN fibers, ground substance, and inorganic crystalline minerals and salts.

Computer-assisted processing of electric, ultrasonic, or electronic signals to interpret function and activity.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

Substances that cause the adherence of two surfaces. They include glues (properly collagen-derived adhesives), mucilages, sticky pastes, gums, resins, or latex.

A non-aqueous co-solvent that serves as tool to study protein folding. It is also used in various pharmaceutical, chemical and engineering applications.

Process by which organic tissue becomes hardened by the physiologic deposit of calcium salts.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

Lipids, predominantly phospholipids, cholesterol and small amounts of glycolipids found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. These lipids may be arranged in bilayers in the membranes with integral proteins between the layers and peripheral proteins attached to the outside. Membrane lipids are required for active transport, several enzymatic activities and membrane formation.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.

A multisubunit enzyme complex containing CYTOCHROME A GROUP; CYTOCHROME A3; two copper atoms; and 13 different protein subunits. It is the terminal oxidase complex of the RESPIRATORY CHAIN and collects electrons that are transferred from the reduced CYTOCHROME C GROUP and donates them to molecular OXYGEN, which is then reduced to water. The redox reaction is simultaneously coupled to the transport of PROTONS across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

A purplish-red, light-sensitive pigment found in RETINAL ROD CELLS of most vertebrates. It is a complex consisting of a molecule of ROD OPSIN and a molecule of 11-cis retinal (RETINALDEHYDE). Rhodopsin exhibits peak absorption wavelength at about 500 nm.

The reaction product of bisphenol A and glycidyl methacrylate that undergoes polymerization when exposed to ultraviolet light or mixed with a catalyst. It is used as a bond implant material and as the resin component of dental sealants and composite restorative materials.

The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.

The study of CHEMICAL PHENOMENA and processes in terms of the underlying PHYSICAL PHENOMENA and processes.

Substances made up of an aggregation of small particles, as that obtained by grinding or trituration of a solid drug. In pharmacy it is a form in which substances are administered. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Term used to designate tetrahydroxy aldehydic acids obtained by oxidation of hexose sugars, i.e. glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, etc. Historically, the name hexuronic acid was originally given to ascorbic acid.

Tailored macromolecules harboring covalently-bound biologically active modules that target specific tissues and cells. The active modules or functional groups can include drugs, prodrugs, antibodies, and oligonucleotides, which can act synergistically and be multitargeting.

The first chemical element in the periodic table. It has the atomic symbol H, atomic number 1, and atomic weight [1.00784; 1.00811]. It exists, under normal conditions, as a colorless, odorless, tasteless, diatomic gas. Hydrogen ions are PROTONS. Besides the common H1 isotope, hydrogen exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM and the unstable, radioactive isotope TRITIUM.

Protein complexes that take part in the process of PHOTOSYNTHESIS. They are located within the THYLAKOID MEMBRANES of plant CHLOROPLASTS and a variety of structures in more primitive organisms. There are two major complexes involved in the photosynthetic process called PHOTOSYSTEM I and PHOTOSYSTEM II.

The diversion of RADIATION (thermal, electromagnetic, or nuclear) from its original path as a result of interactions or collisions with atoms, molecules, or larger particles in the atmosphere or other media. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Condition of having pores or open spaces. This often refers to bones, bone implants, or bone cements, but can refer to the porous state of any solid substance.

Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water, and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid depending on the molecular weight indicated by a number following the name. They are used as SURFACTANTS, dispersing agents, solvents, ointment and suppository bases, vehicles, and tablet excipients. Some specific groups are NONOXYNOLS, OCTOXYNOLS, and POLOXAMERS.

Processes involved in the formation of TERTIARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE.

The physical or physiological processes by which substances, tissue, cells, etc. take up or take in other substances or energy.

Solid dosage forms, of varying weight, size, and shape, which may be molded or compressed, and which contain a medicinal substance in pure or diluted form. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.

A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.

Materials which have structured components with at least one dimension in the range of 1 to 100 nanometers. These include NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOPARTICLES; NANOTUBES; and NANOWIRES.

Signal and data processing method that uses decomposition of wavelets to approximate, estimate, or compress signals with finite time and frequency domains. It represents a signal or data in terms of a fast decaying wavelet series from the original prototype wavelet, called the mother wavelet. This mathematical algorithm has been adopted widely in biomedical disciplines for data and signal processing in noise removal and audio/image compression (e.g., EEG and MRI).

Particles consisting of aggregates of molecules held loosely together by secondary bonds. The surface of micelles are usually comprised of amphiphatic compounds that are oriented in a way that minimizes the energy of interaction between the micelle and its environment. Liquids that contain large numbers of suspended micelles are referred to as EMULSIONS.

The study of chemical changes resulting from electrical action and electrical activity resulting from chemical changes.

Systems for the delivery of drugs to target sites of pharmacological actions. Technologies employed include those concerning drug preparation, route of administration, site targeting, metabolism, and toxicity.

An acid dye used in testing for hydrochloric acid in gastric contents. It is also used histologically to test for AMYLOIDOSIS.

Methylester of cellulose. Methylcellulose is used as an emulsifying and suspending agent in cosmetics, pharmaceutics and the chemical industry. It is used therapeutically as a bulk laxative.

A very strong halogenated derivative of acetic acid. It is used in acid catalyzed reactions, especially those where an ester is cleaved in peptide synthesis.

Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid.

The branch of medicine concerned with the application of NANOTECHNOLOGY to the prevention and treatment of disease. It involves the monitoring, repair, construction, and control of human biological systems at the molecular level, using engineered nanodevices and NANOSTRUCTURES. (From Freitas Jr., Nanomedicine, vol 1, 1999).

Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.

The physical phenomena describing the structure and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes.

A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.

Compounds similar to hydrocarbons in which a tetravalent silicon atom replaces the carbon atom. They are very reactive, ignite in air, and form useful derivatives.

Light driven chloride ion pumps that are ubiquitously found in halophilic archaea (HALOBACTERIALES).

A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.

Native, inorganic or fossilized organic substances having a definite chemical composition and formed by inorganic reactions. They may occur as individual crystals or may be disseminated in some other mineral or rock. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Calcium salts of phosphoric acid. These compounds are frequently used as calcium supplements.

A heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55.

The mixture of gases present in the earth's atmosphere consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases.

Salts of alginic acid that are extracted from marine kelp and used to make dental impressions and as absorbent material for surgical dressings.

A statistical analytic technique used with discrete dependent variables, concerned with separating sets of observed values and allocating new values. It is sometimes used instead of regression analysis.

A microanalytical technique combining mass spectrometry and gas chromatography for the qualitative as well as quantitative determinations of compounds.

Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to an ethanolamine moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and ethanolamine and 2 moles of fatty acids.

A homologous group of cyclic GLUCANS consisting of alpha-1,4 bound glucose units obtained by the action of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase on starch or similar substrates. The enzyme is produced by certain species of Bacillus. Cyclodextrins form inclusion complexes with a wide variety of substances.

Polymerized forms of styrene used as a biocompatible material, especially in dentistry. They are thermoplastic and are used as insulators, for injection molding and casting, as sheets, plates, rods, rigid forms and beads.

Computer-based representation of physical systems and phenomena such as chemical processes.

Agents that modify interfacial tension of water; usually substances that have one lipophilic and one hydrophilic group in the molecule; includes soaps, detergents, emulsifiers, dispersing and wetting agents, and several groups of antiseptics.

Liquids transforming into solids by the removal of heat.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

A polysaccharide with glucose units linked as in CELLOBIOSE. It is the chief constituent of plant fibers, cotton being the purest natural form of the substance. As a raw material, it forms the basis for many derivatives used in chromatography, ion exchange materials, explosives manufacturing, and pharmaceutical preparations.

Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.

A widely cultivated plant, native to Asia, having succulent, edible leaves eaten as a vegetable. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982)

The largest class of organic compounds, including STARCH; GLYCOGEN; CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; and simple MONOSACCHARIDES. Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of Cn(H2O)n.

A species of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria found in hot springs of neutral to alkaline pH, as well as in hot-water heaters.

Any visual display of structural or functional patterns of organs or tissues for diagnostic evaluation. It includes measuring physiologic and metabolic responses to physical and chemical stimuli, as well as ultramicroscopy.

A highly caustic substance that is used to neutralize acids and make sodium salts. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

Determination, by measurement or comparison with a standard, of the correct value of each scale reading on a meter or other measuring instrument; or determination of the settings of a control device that correspond to particular values of voltage, current, frequency or other output.

Small uniformly-sized spherical particles, of micrometer dimensions, frequently labeled with radioisotopes or various reagents acting as tags or markers.

An optical source that emits photons in a coherent beam. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER) is brought about using devices that transform light of varying frequencies into a single intense, nearly nondivergent beam of monochromatic radiation. Lasers operate in the infrared, visible, ultraviolet, or X-ray regions of the spectrum.

A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035)

Submicron-sized fibers with diameters typically between 50 and 500 nanometers. The very small dimension of these fibers can generate a high surface area to volume ratio, which makes them potential candidates for various biomedical and other applications.

A type of stress exerted uniformly in all directions. Its measure is the force exerted per unit area. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Polarization-modulated FTIR spectroscopy of lipid/gramicidin monolayers at the air/water interface. (1/3535)

Monolayers of gramicidin A, pure and in mixtures with dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC), were studied in situ at the air/H2O and air/D2O interfaces by polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS). Simulations of the entire set of amide I absorption modes were also performed, using complete parameter sets for different conformations based on published normal mode calculations. The structure of gramicidin A in the DMPC monolayer could clearly be assigned to a beta6.3 helix. Quantitative analysis of the amide I bands revealed that film pressures of up to 25-30 mN/m the helix tilt angle from the vertical in the pure gramicidin A layer exceeded 60 degrees. A marked dependence of the peptide orientation on the applied surface pressure was observed for the mixed lipid-peptide monolayers. At low pressure the helix lay flat on the surface, whereas at high pressures the helix was oriented almost parallel to the surface normal. (+info)

Distortion of the L-->M transition in the photocycle of the bacteriorhodopsin mutant D96N: a time-resolved step-scan FTIR investigation. (2/3535)

The D96N mutant of bacteriorhodopsin has often been taken as a model system to study the M intermediate of the wild type photocycle due to the long life time of the corresponding intermediate of the mutant. Using time-resolved step-scan FTIR spectroscopy in combination with a sample changing wheel we investigated the photocycle of the mutant with microsecond time resolution. Already after several microseconds an intermediate similar to the MN state is observed, which contrasts with the M state of the wild type protein. At reduced hydration M and N intermediates similar to those of wild type BR can be detected. These results have a bearing on the interpretation of the photocycle of this mutant. A mechanism is suggested for the fast rise of MN which provides some insight into the molecular events involved in triggering the opening of the cytosolic channel also of the wild type protein. (+info)

Both familial Parkinson's disease mutations accelerate alpha-synuclein aggregation. (3/3535)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is pathologically characterized by the presence of intracytoplasmic Lewy bodies, the major component of which are filaments consisting of alpha-synuclein. Two recently identified point mutations in alpha-synuclein are the only known genetic causes of PD, but their pathogenic mechanism is not understood. Here we show that both wild type and mutant alpha-synuclein form insoluble fibrillar aggregates with antiparallel beta-sheet structure upon incubation at physiological temperature in vitro. Importantly, aggregate formation is accelerated by both PD-linked mutations. Under the experimental conditions, the lag time for the formation of precipitable aggregates is about 280 h for the wild type protein, 180 h for the A30P mutant, and only 100 h for the A53T mutant protein. These data suggest that the formation of alpha-synuclein aggregates could be a critical step in PD pathogenesis, which is accelerated by the PD-linked mutations. (+info)

Chloride ion binding to bacteriorhodopsin at low pH: an infrared spectroscopic study. (4/3535)

Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) and halorhodopsin (hR) are light-induced ion pumps in the cell membrane of Halobacterium salinarium. Under normal conditions bR is an outward proton transporter, whereas hR is an inward Cl- transporter. There is strong evidence that at very low pH and in the presence of Cl-, bR transports Cl- ions into the cell, similarly to hR. The chloride pumping activity of bR is connected to the so-called acid purple state. To account for the observed effects in bR a tentative complex counterion was suggested for the protonated Schiff base of the retinal chromophore. It would consist of three charged residues: Asp-85, Asp-212, and Arg-82. This quadruplet (including the Schiff base) would also serve as a Cl- binding site at low pH. We used Fourier transform infrared difference spectroscopy to study the structural changes during the transitions between the normal, acid blue, and acid purple states. Asp-85 and Asp-212 were shown to participate in the transitions. During the normal-to-acid blue transition, Asp-85 protonates. When the pH is further lowered in the presence of Cl-, Cl- binds and Asp-212 also protonates. The binding of Cl- and the protonation of Asp-212 occur simultaneously, but take place only when Asp-85 is already protonated. It is suggested that HCl is taken up in undissociated form in exchange for a neutral water molecule. (+info)

Structural analysis of DNA-chlorophyll complexes by Fourier transform infrared difference spectroscopy. (5/3535)

Porphyrins and metalloporphyrins are strong DNA binders. Some of these compounds have been used for radiation sensitization therapy of cancer and are targeted to interact with cellular DNA. This study was designed to examine the interaction of calf thymus DNA with chlorophyll a (CHL) in aqueous solution at physiological pH with CHL/DNA(phosphate) ratios (r) of 1/160, 1/80, 1/40, 1/20, 1/10, and 1/5. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) difference spectroscopy was used to characterize the nature of DNA-pigment interactions and to establish correlations between spectral changes and the CHL binding mode, binding constant, sequence selectivity, DNA secondary structure, and structural variations of DNA-CHL complexes in aqueous solution. Spectroscopic results showed that CHL is an external DNA binder with no affinity for DNA intercalation. At low pigment concentration (r = 1/160, 1/80, and 1/40), there are two major binding sites for CHL on DNA duplex: 1) Mg-PO2 and 2) Mg-N7 (guanine) with an overall binding constant of K = 1.13 x 10(4) M-1. The pigment distributions are 60% with the backbone PO2 group and 20% with the G-C base pairs. The chlorophyll interaction is associated with a major reduction of B-DNA structure in favor of A-DNA. At high chlorophyll content (r = 1/10), helix opening occurs, with major spectral alterations of the G-C and A-T bases. At high chlorophyll concentration (1/5), pigment aggregation is observed, which does not favor CHL-DNA complexation. (+info)

Spectral morphometric characterization of breast carcinoma cells. (6/3535)

The spectral morphometric characteristics of standard haematoxylin and eosin breast carcinoma specimens were evaluated by light microscopy combined with a spectral imaging system. Light intensity at each wavelength in the range of 450-800 nm was recorded for 10(4) pixels from each field and represented as transmitted light spectra. A library of six characteristic spectra served to scan the cells and reconstruct new images depicting the nuclear area occupied by each spectrum. Fifteen cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma and six cases of lobular carcinoma were examined; nine of the infiltrating ductal carcinoma and three of the lobular carcinoma showed an in situ component. The spectral morphometric analysis revealed a correlation between specific patterns of spectra and different groups of breast carcinoma cells. The most consistent result was that lobular carcinoma cells of in situ and infiltrating components from all patients showed a similar spectral pattern, whereas ductal carcinoma cells displayed spectral variety. Comparison of the in situ and the infiltrating ductal solid, cribriform and comedo carcinoma cells from the same patient revealed a strong similarity of the spectral elements and their relative distribution in the nucleus. The spectrum designated as number 5 in the library incorporated more than 40% of the nuclear area in 74.08% of the infiltrating lobular cells and in 13.64% of the infiltrating ductal carcinoma cells (P < 0.001). Spectrum number 2 appeared in all infiltrating ductal cells examined and in none of the lobular cells. These results indicate that spectrum number 5 is related to infiltrating lobular carcinoma, whereas spectrum number 2 is characteristic for infiltrating ductal carcinoma cells. Spectral similarity mapping of central necrotic regions of comedo type in situ carcinoma revealed nuclear fragmentation into defined segments composed of highly condensed chromatin. We conclude that the spectral morphometric features found for lobular and ductal cell populations may serve future automated histological diagnostics. (+info)

Membrane interactions of the synthetic N-terminal peptide of HIV-1 gp41 and its structural analogs. (7/3535)

Structural and functional studies assessed the membrane actions of the N terminus of HIV-1 glycoprotein 41000 (gp41). Earlier site-directed mutagenesis has shown that key amino acid changes in this gp41 domain inhibit viral infection and syncytia formation. Here, a synthetic peptide corresponding to the N terminus of gp41 (FP; 23 residues, 519-541), and also FP analogs (FP520V/E with Val-->Glu at residue 520; FP527L/R with Leu-->Arg at 527; FP529F/Y with Phe-->Tyr at 529; and FPCLP1 with FP truncated at 525) incorporating these modifications were prepared. When added to human erythrocytes at physiologic pH, the lytic and aggregating activities of the FP analogs were much reduced over those with the wild-type FP. With resealed human erythrocyte ghosts, the lipid-mixing activities of the FP analogs were also substantially depressed over that with the wild-type FP. Combined with results from earlier studies, theoretical calculations using hydrophobic moment plot analysis and physical experiments using circular dichroism and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicate that the diminished lysis and fusion noted for FP analogs may be due to altered peptide-membrane lipid interactions. These data confirm that the N-terminal gp41 domain plays critical roles in the cytolysis and fusion underlying HIV-cell infection. (+info)

Substitution of the methionine residues of calmodulin with the unnatural amino acid analogs ethionine and norleucine: biochemical and spectroscopic studies. (8/3535)

Calmodulin (CaM) is a 148-residue regulatory calcium-binding protein that activates a wide range of target proteins and enzymes. Calcium-saturated CaM has a bilobal structure, and each domain has an exposed hydrophobic surface region where target proteins are bound. These two "active sites" of calmodulin are remarkably rich in Met residues. Here we have biosynthetically substituted (up to 90% incorporation) the unnatural amino acids ethionine (Eth) and norleucine (Nle) for the nine Met residues of CaM. The substituted proteins bind in a calcium-dependent manner to hydrophobic matrices and a synthetic peptide, encompassing the CaM-binding domain of myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK). Infrared and circular dichroism spectroscopy show that there are essentially no changes in the secondary structure of these proteins compared to wild-type CaM (WT-CaM). One- and two-dimensional NMR studies of the Eth-CaM and Nle-CaM proteins reveal that, while the core of the proteins is relatively unaffected by the substitutions, the two hydrophobic interaction surfaces adjust to accommodate the Eth and Nle residues. Enzyme activation studies with MLCK show that Eth-CaM and Nle-CaM activate the enzyme to 90% of its maximal activity, with little changes in dissociation constant. For calcineurin only 50% activation was obtained, and the K(D) for Nle-CaM also increased 3.5-fold compared with WT-CaM. These data show that the "active site" Met residues of CaM play a distinct role in the activation of different target enzymes, in agreement with site-directed mutagenesis studies of the Met residues of CaM. (+info)

The term Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy originates from the fact that a Fourier transform (a mathematical process) is ... Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is a technique used to obtain an infrared spectrum of absorption or emission of ... Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is used in geology, chemistry, materials and biology research fields. FTIR is also used ... Thus, a discrete Fourier transform is needed. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm is used. The first FTIR spectrometers ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier-transform_infrared_spectroscopy

... (DRIFTS) is an infrared spectroscopy sampling technique used on ... Fuller, Michael P.; Griffiths, Peter R. (1978). "Diffuse reflectance measurements by infrared Fourier transform spectrometry". ... Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Infrared spectroscopy). ... so this would infer that it should be less than 5 µm for mid-infrared spectroscopy. The spectra are plotted in units of log ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_reflectance_infrared_Fourier_transform_spectroscopy

"Combined micro-Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and micro-Raman spectroscopy of Proterozoic acritarchs: a new ... Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is a spectroscopic technique that has been used for analyzing the fundamental ... Chen, Y; Zou, C; Mastalerz, M; Hu, S; Gasaway, C; Tao, X (2015). "Applications of Micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ... Transmission FTIR, attenuated total reflectance (ATR)-FTIR, Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology_applications_of_Fourier_transform_infrared_spectroscopy

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is an important tool to understand the new functional group added or removed ... "Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy". Photosynthesis Research. 101 (2-3): 157-70. doi:10.1007/s11120-009-9439-x. ... X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) are widely used to gain insights into film composition ... doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-8610-0_5. ISBN 978-1-4684-8612-4. Jenkins R (July 1974). "X-ray spectroscopy. Leonid Azaroff, McGraw- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_layer_deposition

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy Surface plasmon resonance "FT-IR Spectroscopy-Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR)" (PDF ... ISBN 978-0-470-35250-2. "Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR)". nuance.northwestern.edu. Northwestern University ... of the Dispersion Characteristics of Miniaturized Coiled Reactors with Fiber-Optic Fourier Transform Mid-infrared Spectroscopy ... Jesse Greener, Bardia Abbasi, Eugenia Kumacheva, Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform spectroscopy for on-chip ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuated_total_reflectance

ISBN 978-3-527-40597-8. Alvarez-Ordóñez, Avelino; Prieto, Miguel (2012). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy in Food ... In IR spectroscopy, there is a wide range of materials that transmit light into the far infrared and can be utilized for the ... ISBN 978-0-471-24141-6. Lindon, John C. (2016). Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry. Academic Press. p. 572. ISBN 978 ... Optical windows used for UV/VIS spectroscopy, are usually made from glass or fused silica. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window_(optics)

Lee, Christine (2015-02-03). "Conservation Tools: Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)". The Getty Iris. Retrieved ... method that yields surface topography and texture to analyze surface features Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) ... Derrick, Michele; Stulik, Dusan; Landry, James (1999). Infrared Spectroscopy in Conservation Science. Los Angeles: The Getty ... Ultraviolet radiation and Infrared radiation, in addition to visible light, can be emitted from light sources and can also be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_science_(cultural_property)

This technique is called Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. When making transmission measurements, the spectrophotometer ... Additionally, most modern mid-infrared spectrophotometers use a Fourier transform technique to acquire the spectral information ... Atomic absorption spectrophotometry Atomic emission spectroscopy Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy ... "FastTrack™ UV/VIS Spectroscopy" (PDF). www.mt.com. Mettler-Toledo AG, Analytical. 2016. Retrieved Dec 23, 2018. Cortez, C.; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrophotometry

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy P. B. Fellgett (1949). Theory of Infra-Red Sensitivities and its Application to ... Shot noise is the main reason Fourier transform spectroscopy has never been popular for UV and visible light spectrometry. ... Griffiths, Peter R.; James A. De Haseth (2007). "7.4.4 Shot noise". Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry. Chemical Analysis ... a multiplexed measurement such as the signal generated by a Fourier transform spectrometer can produce a relative improvement ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fellgett's_advantage

The authors use Synchrotron Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy. 2020: Wiemann and colleagues identify biological ... patterns in the fossilization of structural biomolecules have been replicated with Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy and ... The authors use Raman spectroscopy. 2022: Raman spectroscopy data revealing ... The authors rely on statistical analyses of a uniquely large Raman spectroscopy data set. 2021: Geochemists find tissue type ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_paleontology

Kawaguchi, Kentarou (1992). "Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of the BH3 ν3 band". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 96 ( ... Infrared Spectra of Boron Hydride Intermediate Species in Solid Argon". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 116 (11): ... Infrared Spectra of Boron Hydride Intermediate Species in Solid Argon". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 116 (11): ... Atomic Spectroscopy. 65 (5): 360-375. doi:10.1016/j.sab.2010.04.010. Housecroft, C. E.; Sharpe, A. G. (2008). "Chapter 13: The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borane

ANITA is based on Fourier-Transform-Infrared-Spectroscopy FTIR. Each measured gas absorbts light in a certain frequency, these ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANITA_(ISS)

"Infrared Fourier Transform Emission Spectroscopy of CuH and NeH+". Proc. SPIE. Fourier and Computerized Infrared Spectroscopy. ... "Fourier Transform Emission Spectroscopy of the A1Σ+-X1Σ+ Transition of CuD" (PDF). Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy. 139 (2): ... "Fourier transform emission spectroscopy of NeH+". Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy. 113 (2): 451-457. Bibcode:1985JMoSp.113.. ... Bernath, P. F. (2000). "6 Infrared emission spectroscopy" (PDF). Annual Reports on the Progress of Chemistry, Section C. 96 (1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_hydride

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy/Attenuated Total Reflectance); and SEM-EDS (Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy ... spectroscopy with CIE L*a*b* measurements and EDXRF (Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence) analyses; OM (Optical Microscopy) of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_Pompeian_frescoes

MIRAS is for Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and microscopy. FTIR is a way to identify the infrared spectrum of ... The beamline has a synchrotron-based infrared spectrometer and microscope capacity covering a wavelength range from around 1 μm ... "Beamline Information - BL01 - MIRAS: Infrared microspectroscopy". CELLS. Retrieved 17 November 2020. "Beamline Information - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALBA_(synchrotron)

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is used to examine metabolic pathways. In 2020 scientists reported the development of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biohydrogen

"Fourier Transform Infrared Microscopic Imaging of an Embedded Paint Cross-Section". Applied Spectroscopy. 56 (3): 275-283. ... 3.0.co;2-l "A novel method to determine collisional energy transfer efficiency by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance ... 3.0.co;2-# "Structural analysis of synthetic homo- and copolyesters by electrospray ionization on a Fourier transform ion ... "Manipulating internal energy of protonated biomolecules in electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Heeren

"Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy of Michelangelo's David". Retrieved March 18, 2016. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photek_Ltd

Fuller, Michael P.; Griffiths, Peter R. (1978). "Diffuse reflectance measurements by infrared Fourier transform spectrometry". ... This applies to UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy or mid-infrared spectroscopy. Diffuser List of reflected light sources Oren-Nayar ... Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy can be used to determine the absorption spectra of powdered samples in cases where ... Kortüm, Gustav (1969). Reflectance spectroscopy Principles, methods, applications. Berlin: Springer. ISBN 9783642880711. OCLC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_reflection

"High-Resolution Fourier Transform Infrared Emission Spectrum of Barium Monofluoride" (PDF). Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy. ... 1996). "High-Resolution Infrared Emission Spectrum of Strontium Monofluoride" (PDF). Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy. 175 (1 ... Matrix infrared, ultraviolet-visible, and electron spin resonance spectra, structures, and bonding of silver tricarbonyl, ... "Infrared Emission Spectra of BeH and BeD" (PDF). J. Chem. Phys. 118 (3): 1158. Bibcode:2003JChPh.118.1158S. doi:10.1063/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidation_state

As a beamsplitter in Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, typically with laser applications. Film thicknesses are often in ... including much of the infrared spectrum. For some applications like food packaging, the aluminized boPET film can be laminated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BoPET

TGA can couple with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and mass spectrometry. As the temperature increases, the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrolysis

and its adulterants based on fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and chemometrics". PLOS ONE. 12 (2): e0172359. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodobryum_roseum

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has been reported to detect gaseous nerve agents. "Medical Management Guidelines ... Laser photoacoustic spectroscopy (LPAS) is a method that has been used to detect nerve agents in the air. In this method, laser ... "Optically multiplexed multi-gas detection using quantum cascade laser photoacoustic spectroscopy". Applied Optics. 47 (27): ... Benzene Formaldehyde Acetaldehyde Ammonia NOx Nitrogen oxide SO2 Sulphur oxide Ethylene Glycol TATP TNT Non-dispersive infrared ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerve_agent

"Authentication of Olive Oil Adulterated with Vegetable Oils Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy". LWT - Food Science ... All production begins by transforming the olive fruit into olive paste. This paste is then malaxed to allow the microscopic oil ... Methods employing chromatography/mass spectrometry and spectroscopy are often used to detect adulteration of olive oil Test ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olive_oil_regulation_and_adulteration

A fourier transform attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy and tryptophan fluorescence quenching analysis" (PDF). ... between the residues in the site of the dimer interface have been verified by cross-linking experiments and EPR spectroscopy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATP-binding_cassette_transporter

Applications of Micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) in the Geological Sciences-A Review. International Journal ... the class of organisms that produced it can often be determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Chen, Y., Zou, C ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotaxonomy

The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is a non-destructive hermeticity characterization method. The radiation ... The equipment consists of an infrared lamp as light source and an infrared video system (compare to figure "Schematic infrared ... Weldon, M. K.; Marsico, V. E.; Chabal, Y. J.; Hamann, D. R.; Christman, S. B.; Chaban, E. E. (1996). "Infrared spectroscopy as ... Infrared (IR) void imaging is possible if the analyzed materials are IR transparent, i.e. silicon. This method gives a rapid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafer_bond_characterization

The plasticrust samples from both locations were studied using fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. The results of ... which vary in thickness and in color and are composed of polyethylene based on fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasticrust

... in Raman spectroscopy. Very high resolution Raman spectra can be obtained by adapting a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer ... Wilcox, D.S.; Hotopp, K.M.; Dian, B.C. (2011). "Two-Dimensional Chirped-Pulse Fourier Transform Microwave Spectroscopy". J. ... "The rotational spectrum of epifluorohydrin measured by chirped-pulse Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy". J. Mol. ... The spectrum was measured over a couple of hours with the aid of a chirped-pulse Fourier transform microwave spectrometer at ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotational_spectroscopy

IRMPD is most often used in Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. By applying intense tunable IR lasers ... Infrared spectroscopy Tandem mass spectrometry Photodissociation Blackbody infrared radiative dissociation Electron capture ... This infrared photodissociation spectroscopy allows for the measurement of vibrational spectra of (unstable) species that can ... January 2020). "Infrared ion spectroscopy: New opportunities for small-molecule identification in mass spectrometry - A ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared_multiphoton_dissociation

... microscopic analysis of the mural paintings and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. After the formula for the production ... infrared spectroscopies, Raman amplification, optical spectroscopies, voltammetry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and computer ... Atomic Spectroscopy. 59 (10-11): 1619-1625. Bibcode:2004AcSpe..59.1619S. doi:10.1016/j.sab.2004.07.027. Haude, Mary Elizabeth ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_blue

Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTS) obtains detailed spectral information, allowing astronomers to determine the chemical ... SAFARI is the immediate successor to SRON's molecule hunter HIFI on board the infrared telescope Herschel. This new infrared ... The SAFARI imaging spectrometer was the European image sensor of Japanese infrared telescope SPICA (Space Infra-Red Telescope ... SAFARI is an infrared camera with about 6,000 pixels that can make real 'photos' of the sky in three adjacent wavelength areas ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAFARI_imaging_spectrometer

Raman scattering or/and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, FTIR). This combination allows for much higher spatial ... In 2007, AFM was combined with infrared attenuated total reflection (IR-ATR) spectroscopy to study the dissolution process of ... Raman spectroscopy was combined with AFM in 1999. A very narrow aperture of the tip was required to obtain a relatively high ... The Raman spectroscopy in general could be time-consuming due to the low scattering efficiency (. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vibrational_analysis_with_scanning_probe_microscopy

The scientists claim that their studies using a single channel fast Fourier transform (FFT) and multiple channel system ... In 2014 and 2017, a BCI using functional near-infrared spectroscopy for "locked-in" patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ... "Brain communication in a completely locked-in patient using bedside near-infrared spectroscopy". Neurology. 82 (21): 1930-1932 ... Future systems might include the fMRI and other measures for real-time control, such as functional near-infrared, probably in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain–computer_interface

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Typical properties for APAO are: Melt viscosity (MV) - indicates ... propylene and 1-butene The composition of the APAO is typically determined by using infrared spectroscopy, specifically, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_poly_alpha_olefin

July 2011), "Accurate stellar rotational velocities using the Fourier transform of the cross correlation maximum", Astronomy & ... In 1992, it was found to be emitting an infrared excess, suggesting the presence of a circumstellar disk of dust. However, ... July 2006), "Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: spectroscopy of stars earlier than M0 within 40 pc-The ... Mermilliod, J.-C. (1986), "Compilation of Eggen's UBV data, transformed to UBV (unpublished)", Catalogue of Eggen's UBV Data. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_Volantis

FT is the three-dimensional Fourier transform, and I K A R = ( 2 Z 2 n 2 F r ) n {\displaystyle I_{KAR}=\left({\frac {2Z^{2}}{n ... In practice, tunnel ionization is observable when the atom or molecule is interacting with near-infrared strong laser pulses. ... The short pulse induced molecular fragmentation may be used as an ion source for high performance mass spectroscopy. The ... "Ultra-fast laser pulses provide an ion source for highly selective mass spectroscopy". Applied Physics B. 91 (3-4): 579. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionization

"Fourier Transform Spectroscopy: B4Σ−−X4Σ−" (PDF). University of Arizona, Tucson. Retrieved 2007-12-10.[permanent dead link] K.Q ... "Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF" (PDF). Retrieved 2007-12-10.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Period_2_element

Since then, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) instruments have become critical in the forensic analysis of unknown ... Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thin layer chromatography. The range of different methods is important due to the ... Derrick, Michele R.; Stulik, Dusan; Landry, James M. "Infrared Spectroscopy in Conservation Science" (PDF). The Getty ... The two main standalone spectroscopy techniques for forensic chemistry are FTIR and AA spectroscopy. FTIR is a nondestructive ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic_chemistry

... as in diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and diffuse-reflectance ultraviolet-visible ... Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, or diffuse reflection spectroscopy, is a subset of absorption spectroscopy. It is sometimes ... Williams, Phil (2019-10-01). "Karl H. Norris, the Father of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy". NIR news. 30 (7-8): 25-27. doi:10.1177 ... Karl Norris pioneered the field of near-infrared spectroscopy. He began by using log(1/R) as a metric of absorption. While ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_reflectance_spectroscopy

Fourier transform infrared spectrometer Confocal microscopy Focus variation Microscanners are usually manufactured with surface ... for technical and medical endoscopes Bar code scanning Spectroscopy Laser marking and material processing Object measurement / ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscanner

... the Fourier-transform method, in which the data is collected in the time-domain and then Fourier-transformed to obtain a ... Two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy (2D IR) is a nonlinear infrared spectroscopy technique that has the ability to correlate ... Schmidt, J. R.; Corcelli, S. A.; Skinner, J. L. (2005). "Pronounced non-condon effects in the ultrafast infrared spectroscopy ... Zanni, M.; Hochstrasser, RM (2001). "Two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy: a promising new method for the time resolution of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-dimensional_infrared_spectroscopy

... albumin and total protein in human plasma by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: Direct clinical biochemistry without ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik_Verder

High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Yuan, C., Wu, H. B., Xie, Y., & ... The study employed various spectroscopy and imaging tools such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Annular dark-field imaging ... In addition, Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy was employed for photoluminescence characterization. 2014, TWAS Prize 2015, ... Spectroscopy tools such as Transmission electron microscopy and Atomic force microscopy were used for acquiring structural ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xie_Yi

Modern Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Elsevier, Amsterdam (2001) H. W. Siesler, Y. Ozaki, S. Kawata, and H. M. Heise ... International Consortium for Near Infrared Spectroscopy EAS Award in Achievement in Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (2001), Eastern ... infrared Spectroscopy Y. Ozaki, I. Noda ed.: Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy, American Institute of Physics (2000) A. ... The Council of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Dasari Lecture Award, George R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, MIT (2011) Bomem- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukihiro_Ozaki

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and an analysis of hydrophobicity can be used. The Fourier transform infrared ... spectroscopy can be used to characterize the chemical composition of the surface or a contact angle goniometer can be used to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_chemistry_of_neural_implants

Brault and Davis were the first to detect the molecule using infrared spectroscopy to observe vibration-rotation bands. The UV ... Using the McMath solar Fourier transform spectrometer at Kitt Peak National Observatory, James W. Brault and Sumner P. Davis ... J. W. C. Johns also observed the infrared spectrum. Argon facilitates the reaction of tritium (T2) with double bonds in fatty ... Johns, J.W.C. (July 1984). "Spectra of the protonated rare gases". Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy. 106 (1): 124-133. Bibcode ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argonium

Both groups used a conventional Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) equipped with a broadband thermal source, the ... "Mid-infrared micro-spectroscopy of difficult samples using near-field photothermal micro-spectroscopy (PTMS)". Spectroscopy. 19 ... AFM-IR (atomic force microscope-infrared spectroscopy) or infrared nanospectroscopy is one of a family of techniques that are ... AFM-IR enables nanoscale infrared spectroscopy, i.e. the ability to obtain infrared absorption spectra from nanoscale regions ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared_Nanospectroscopy_(AFM-IR)

Home NMR spectroscopy (FT-NMR) NMR imaging microscopy Microwave spectroscopy FT-infrared (IR) FT-near infrared spectroscopy ( ... The first calculations of the Fourier transform of an atomic helix were reported one year earlier by Cochran, Crick and Vand, ... "The Fourier Transform of a Coiled-Coil". Acta Crystallogr. 6 (8-9): 685-9. doi:10.1107/S0365110X53001952. Watson, James D., ... and were followed in 1953 by the computation of the Fourier transform of a coiled-coil by Crick. Structural information is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_models_of_DNA

... and beta-bend ribbon structures in organic solution and in model membranes by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_bend_ribbon

Fourier transform infrared and ultraviolet absorption spectroscopies. In addition, she developed methods of chemical ionization ... and Fourier transform mass spectrometry techniques. She also designed and built peripheral components for a variable ... Using Laser-induced Thermal Desorption with Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry (PhD thesis). University of California, Davis. ... work focused on investigating molecular-level surface reactivity and kinetics of metal surfaces using electron spectroscopy, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracy_Caldwell_Dyson

Microscopic: Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (FTIR): Uses the infrared spectrum (IR) to identify the functional ... Infrared & Raman Users Group (IRUG) Society for Applied Spectroscopy (SAS) American Chemical Society (ACS) Materials Research ... 2014). Raman spectroscopy. Retrieved April 19, 2014. University of Buffalo staff. (n.d.). SEM/EDS: Scanning Electron Microscopy ... Spectrometric: X-ray fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy: Uses an X-ray beam on the surface of an object which produces a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_scientist

"Fourier transform emission spectroscopy of the g4Δ-a4Δ system of FeCl". Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy. 221 (2): 261. ... has been detected by infrared spectroscopy at 4 K after cocondensation of laser-ablated Fe atoms with a mixture of O2/Ar. Iron( ... At the bottom of the transition zone of the mantle, the reaction γ-(Mg,Fe)2[SiO4] ↔ (Mg,Fe)[SiO3] + (Mg,Fe)O transforms γ- ... ISBN 3-11-007511-3. Reiff, William Michael; Long, Gary J. (1984). "Mössbauer Spectroscopy and the Coordination Chemistry of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron

Detailed examination of the sediment peels, coupled with Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, demonstrates an abundance of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose_Cottage_Cave

Spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique in which the vibrational modes of the molecules comprising a material of interest ... Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique in which the vibrational modes of the molecules ... Infrared spectroscopy is a very commonly used technique which is well described elsewhere. The instrument in our laboratory is ... comprising a material of interest (often a polymer) are interrogated using infrared radiation. The FTIR provides information ...

https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/tools-instruments/fourier-transform-infrared-spectroscopy

Everything relating to Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy: compilations of facts, news, background knowledge, product ... Using a combination of infrared spectroscopy and computer simulation, researchers at Ruhr-Universität Boch more ... Researchers from the Nanooptics Group at CIC nanoGUNE (San Sebastian) demonstrate that nanoscale infrared imaging - which is ... Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. @media print { #topicstage, .printable .box { display: block !important; } .stage-box ...

https://www.analytica-world.com/en/fourier-transform-infrared-spectroscopy.html

T1 - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy investigation of water microenvironments in polyelectrolyte multilayers at varying ... Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy investigation of water microenvironments in polyelectrolyte multilayers at varying ... Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy investigation of water microenvironments in polyelectrolyte multilayers at varying ... title = "Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy investigation of water microenvironments in polyelectrolyte multilayers at ...

https://research.aalto.fi/en/publications/fourier-transform-infrared-spectroscopy-investigation-of-water-mi

The resulting double miniemulsions are transformed to robust [email protected]@[email protected] nanocapsules via conversion of the ... Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. FT-IR spectra were recorded on a Nicolet 60 SXR FT-IR spectrometer using KBr pellet ... Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy confirms the full conversion of PEOS to silica and the formation of polystyrene ... i Fourier-transform infrared spectra of PEOS, pure polystyrene, dried [email protected]@[email protected] nanocapsules, and silica ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-04320-7?utm_source=Nature_community&utm_medium=Community_sites&utm_content=BenJoh-Nature-MultipleJournals-Chemistry-Global&utm_campaign=MultipleJournals_USG_CHEM&error=cookies_not_supported&code=0b41956f-fb23-4ba6-b9f4-86f2a1a08006

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Remove constraint Subject: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Subject Escherichia ... Aspergillus sojae; Escherichia coli; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Gossypium; Plectranthus amboinicus; Spodoptera ...

https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/?f%5Bjournal_name%5D%5B%5D=Current+plant+biology&f%5Bsubject_facet%5D%5B%5D=Fourier+transform+infrared+spectroscopy&f%5Bsubject_facet%5D%5B%5D=Escherichia+coli&f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=Plectranthus+amboinicus&per_page=50&search_field=subject&sort=title

Orientation of the Bacteriorhodopsin Chromophore Probed by Polarized Fourier Transform Infrared Difference Spectroscopy. ... Orientation of the Bacteriorhodopsin Chromophore Probed by Polarized Fourier Transform Infrared Difference Spectroscopy. ...

https://experts.syr.edu/en/publications/orientation-of-the-bacteriorhodopsin-chromophore-probed-by-polari/fingerprints/

For α -synuclein, we show that a small change in pH value, from 7 to 6, transforms EGCG from an efficient inhibitor to ... Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. Insulin fibrils were separated from buffer solution by centrifugation at 10,000 ... The secondary structure of insulin amyloid fibrils was assessed using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy (Figure 3 ... Studies of the structure of insulin fibrils by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and electron microscopy. J. Pharm ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/9/12/855

Conformational Behavior of Cyanoacetic Acid: A Combined Matrix Isolation Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and ... Samples of CAA were isolated in low-temperature argon, krypton, and xenon matrixes and characterized using FTIR spectroscopy. ...

https://eg.uc.pt/handle/10316/17809?mode=full

Bruker Vertex 80v Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Optical Analysis. Absorption Analysis. Structure Analysis ... Owing the improvements of Fourier-Transform, FTIR turns into instant selective tool for a fingerprint of the substance. ... Surface Science S-probe X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) aka electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) ... IR spectroscopy is based in the fact that molecules absorb specific frequencies that are characteristic of their structure. ...

https://www.bc.edu/content/bc-web/research/sites/vice-provost-for-research/about/research-facilities/materials-characterization.html

Fourier transform infrared spectrometer price and applications (FTIR spectroscopy) ... infrared spectroscopy). This multipurpose and easy-to-operate instrument provides a well suited option for various analytical ... new FT mid-IR spectrometer InfraLUM FT-08 has been designed basing on our extensive R&D and expertise in the IR spectroscopy ( ...

https://www.lumexinstruments.com/catalog/ir-spectrometry.php

An evaluation of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the characterisation of organic compounds in art and archaeology. ... An_evaluation_of_Fourier_trans.pdf Download (12MB) , Preview Abstract. The application of Fourier transform infrared ... An evaluation of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the characterisation of organic compounds in art and archaeology ... An evaluation of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the characterisation of organic compounds in art and archaeology. ...

https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10106952/

E3085-17 Standard Guide for Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy in Forensic Tape Examinations ... of Organic Compounds in Smokeless Powder by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ... E2937-18 Standard Guide for Using Infrared Spectroscopy in Forensic Paint Examinations ... E2224-19 Standard Guide for Forensic Analysis of Fibers by Infrared Spectroscopy ...

https://www.astm.org/products-services/standards-and-publications/standards/bos-standards.html?volume=14.02&year=2022&month=july

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Figure 2A-D shows the Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of pure ... Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the Chloramb, CS-IONPs and Chloramb-CS-IONPs were recorded between ... Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) analyses, and thermal gravimetric analysis ... This content drug percentage was near to the value obtained from UV-vis spectroscopy with a 17.5 weight percentage. ...

https://www.dovepress.com/chlorambucil-iron-oxide-nanoparticles-as-a-drug-delivery-system-for-le-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJN

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR): Methods, Analysis and Research Insights. $110.00. Select options ...

https://novapublishers.com/product-tag/9781536103830/

Milk sample analysis using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) allows for sampling numerous cows simultaneously. ... Novel prediction models for hyperketonemia using bovine milk Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. ... Novel prediction models for hyperketonemia using bovine milk Fourier-transform infrared sp ... Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier/veterinária; Cetose/veterinária; Ácido 3-Hidroxibutírico; Lactação ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/mdl-36724618

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. *Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. *Chromatography. *Thin-Layer Chromatography ...

https://www.elsevier.com/books/forensic-chemistry/houck/978-0-12-800606-1

Photoacoustic Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to study phosphoamino acids and phosphoproteins. Using this ... Use of photoacoustic Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to study phosphates in proteins.在哪里下载？这篇文献在哪里可以阅读？: ... Use of photoacoustic Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to study phosphates in proteins.. Abstract： ... Photoacoustic Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to study phosphoamino acids and phosphoproteins. Using this

https://www.shengsci.com/wenxian/2799330.html

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy Characterization of Adhesive Produced From Polystyrene ... Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy Characterization of Adhesive Produced From Polystyrene ... Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy Characterization of Adhesive Produced From Polystyrene ... Al-Kadhemy, M. F. H., Rasheed, Z. S., & Salim, S. R. (2016). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for irradiation coumarin ...

https://pathofscience.org/index.php/ps/article/view/677

... corroborated by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) analysis, followed by the electrical impedance and ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijps/2017/1231464/

The Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) is a flexible equipment that can be configured for multiple spectral ranges ... It enables infrared spectroscopy in transmission and reflection (specular and diffuse) modes, operating between 25000-50 cm,sup ... Spectroscopy CQFMResponsible: Ana Maria Rego , Ana Maria Ferraria. Contacts. Ana Maria Rego. ext.: 3255/7. e-mail: [email protected] ...

https://fenix.tecnico.ulisboa.pt/investigacao/ist-nm/spectroscopy

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in monitoring the wine production. Article. Full-text available ... The presses are employed to process Bombino Nero variety grapes, crushed and transformed in rosé wine though a pomace less ...

https://www.researchgate.net/topic/Oenology/publications

Fourier-Transform Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy in Binary Hydrocarbon-Alcohol Single Droplet Evaporation. ... Broadband absorption spectroscopy, by way of FTIR, was used to investigate the vapor cloud of a single millimeter sized liquid ... Compared with other nondestructive techniques, infrared thermography can easily detect the subsurface delamination in a very ... Experimental Study on Detection of Deterioration in Concrete Using Infrared Thermography Technique. ...

https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/catalog?f%5Bdate_decades_ssim%5D%5B%5D=2010-2019&f%5Blicense_label_ssim%5D%5B%5D=Attribution+3.0+United+States&locale=en&per_page=100&search_field=keyword

FOURIER-TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY ANALYSIS OF MODIFIED COTTON TRASH EXTRACTS (Abstract Only) (17-Oct-05) ... Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of Modified Cotton Trash Extracts (Abstract Only) (30-Sep-05) ...

https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publications-at-this-location/?modecode=66-55-15-00&locpubs=yes&filterYear=2005

Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) of A A. filiculoides feed and B bio-oil (bio-oil1) from hydrothermal ... Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy of bio-oil. FT-IR spectra of the A. filiculoides feed and bio-oil1 obtained from HTL at ... The chemical composition of Azolla biomass was analysed by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). Starch was analysed ... Characterization of various fast-pyrolysis bio-oils by NMR spectroscopy. Energ Fuel. 2009;23(5):2707-18. ...

https://biotechnologyforbiofuels.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13068-016-0628-5

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; FT-IR spectroscopy; Infrared reflectance; Protective clothing; Surface analysis; ... and unsupported nitrile rubber gloves using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FT-IR) ... Variability in surface infrared reflectance of thirteen nitrile rubber gloves at key wavelengths for analysis of captan. ...

http://www2a.cdc.gov/nioshtic-2/BuildQyr.asp?s1=pesticide+or+pesticides+or+insecticide+or+insecticides+or+herbicide+or+herbicides+or+fungicide+or+fungicides&f1=TI&Startyear=&t1=1&s2=pesticide+or+pesticides+or+insecticide+or+insecticides+or+herbicide+or+herbicides+or+fungicide+or+fungicides&B1=Search&terms=4&Adv=1&f2=KW&Limit=500&Sort=DP+DESC&EndYear=&D1=10&PageNo=73&RecNo=729&View=f&

Applications of Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy to edible oils. Vlachos N, Skopelitis Y, Psaroudaki M, Konstantinidou V ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=konstantinidou+v

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). *Gas (GC) and liquid chromatography (HPLC). *Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) ...

https://www.ccm.edu/academics/divdep/health-professions-natural-sciences/department-of-biology-and-chemistry/environmental-science/environmental-science-information/

Tinidazole, Biofield treatment, Ultraviolet spectroscopy, Metronidazole, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Disciplines:. ... Fourier Transform Infrared and Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopic Characterization of Biofield Treated Salicylic Acid and ... study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on metronidazole and tinidazole using FT-IR and UV spectroscopy. ... study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on metronidazole and tinidazole using FT-IR and UV spectroscopy. ...

https://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=1187972

Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique in which the vibrational modes of the molecules comprising a material of interest (often a polymer) are interrogated using infrared radiation. (nist.gov)
This is accomplished by tracking the OD stretch peak using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy at 0.25-1.5 M NaCl and 35-70 °C. The OD stretch peak is deconvoluted into three peaks: (1) high frequency water, which represents a tightly bound microenvironment, (2) low frequency water, which represents a loosely bound microenvironment, and (3) bulk water. (aalto.fi)
Samples of CAA were isolated in low-temperature argon, krypton, and xenon matrixes and characterized using FTIR spectroscopy. (uc.pt)
Owing the improvements of Fourier-Transform, FTIR turns into instant selective tool for a fingerprint of the substance. (bc.edu)
The products were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) analyses, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). (dovepress.com)
Milk sample analysis using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ( FTIR ) allows for sampling numerous cows simultaneously. (bvsalud.org)
In this study, the optimized adhesive formulated from polystyrene waste was characterized for Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) / Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, solubility, density and water absorption for identification of existing functional group(s), morphology, elemental compositions, etc. (pathofscience.org)
Changes in salivary pattern in each trimester of normal pregnant women have been compared by utilizing FTIR spectroscopy both qualitatively and quantitatively [ 4 ]. (intechopen.com)
A simple and rapid Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy method was developed to determine the main essential oil components (carvacrol, thymol and p-cymene) in the antimicrobial LDPE films incorporated with oregano ( Origanum vulgare ) and thyme ( Thymus vulgaris ) essential oils. (scirp.org)
FTIR spectroscopy with chemometrics, using the PLS-1st derivative spectra, could predict the content of active compounds accurate to an r 2 greater than 0.99 and a standard error of prediction (SEP) less than 0.7. (scirp.org)
Techniques I used to include High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), flame photometry, aqueous and non-aqueous titrations, and dissolution test methods. (ncl.ac.uk)
A prior study employing Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic measurements was used in the identification of botanical cotton trash. (usda.gov)
In a previous study, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was utilized in identifying different types of botanical cotton trash as each was subjected to simulations of ginning and textile processing. (usda.gov)
In the second article of our series outlining some of the basic tests and procedures used in commercial oil analysis laboratories, our attention is focused on Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). (machinerylubrication.com)
This report details how to implement field-based monitoring for respirable crystalline silica using portable Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). (cdc.gov)
A U.S. Bureau of Mines investigation of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for on-filter analysis of respirable dust. (cdc.gov)
A contract with microAeth Corporation to examine using FTIR spectroscopy and optical particle counting to quantify respirable crystalline silica. (cdc.gov)
A study evaluating a novel cassette designed to facilitate field-based, direct-on-filter analysis of RCS using transmission FTIR spectroscopy. (cdc.gov)
Validated by GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) and FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). (nativeremedies.com)
FTIR spectroscopy is a measuring technique used to record infrared spectra. (accurate-prod.com)
FTIR polymer identification of an unknown is done by matching the material's infrared peaks absorbance, to the peaks of similar infrared scans of known materials. (accurate-prod.com)
Fourier-Transform-Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and microscopy From the very compact FTIR spectrometer to the world&rs. (its-vietnam.com)
Recent developments in Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-partial least squares (FTIR-PLSs) extend the application of this strategy to the field of the edible oils and fats research. (cliftonautotinting.com)
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) method is the most widely used technique in chemical analysis of gall stones. (who.int)
Samples were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). (cdc.gov)
The structures of both the monomer and the soluble polymer were elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1 and C-13 NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. (metu.edu.tr)
The main components and functional groups of bio-oil with an acid catalyst were characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). (ncsu.edu)
A new analytical method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of Telmisartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in their pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. (ijpsr.com)
The substrates were silanized in two ways: silane was allowed to react at room temperature or was cured for 1 h at 110°C. The surface characterization was carried out by reflectance-absorbance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (RA-FTIR), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement and atomic force microscopy (AFM). (hku.hk)
400 0C'de yüzde 60 oksijen içeren ortamda gerçekleştirilen yakma deneyinde tam yanma gerçekleştiği için aynı deney yüzde 55 oksijen içeren ortam içinde tekrarlanmıştır.Yanma neticesinde elde edilen numunlerin ısıl değer, kısa analiz, elementel analiz, FTIR(Fourier kızılötesi dönüşüm spektroskopisi), XRD, XRF, Tanecik boyutu dağılım ve BET analizleri yapılarak tam yanmanın gerçekleştiği optimum oksi yanma koşulları belirlenmiştir. (itu.edu.tr)
Calorific value, short analysis, elemental analysis, FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), XRD, XRF, Particle size distrubution and BET analysis has done to samples which obtained from the combustion to determine optimum oxy combustion condition for complete combustion. (itu.edu.tr)
The SNPs were characterized by colour changes, spectroscopy and Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy.Results: The juice extract contained bioactive compounds such as flavonoids (710mg/100g), tannins (525mg/100g), phenols (65mg/100g) and terpenes (56mg/100g). (bvsalud.org)
Changes in colour, UV-Vis Spectroscopy at 300-550nm ranges and FTIR revealed the functional groups present in the biosynthesized SNPs. (bvsalud.org)

USD 90.00 In addition, easier sampling combined with better sample‐to‐sample reproducibility and user‐to‐user spectral variation became available with attenuated total reflectance (ATR) probes and their application for in situ IR spectroscopy. (cliftonautotinting.com)

The samples were analyzed by their contact angle, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic and confocal force, before and after treatment in citric acid. (bvsalud.org)

Infrared spectra of E. coli strain JM103 and transformants which overproduced recombinant proinsulin have been measured as a function of pressure up to 38 kbar. (shengsci.com)
Theory and Interpretation of Infrared spectroscopy spectra. (pathofscience.org)
Cluster analysis of respective spectra obtained by Fourier-transform infrared-spectroscopy by using OPUS Software version 4.2 (BrukerOptics, Ettlingen, Germany). (cdc.gov)
In each case, 2 infrared spectra of isolates from game animals and. (cdc.gov)
This study will attempt to confirm that the changes observed in the infrared spectra were due to moisture. (usda.gov)
One-Dimensional Fourier Transform Spectroscopy A major improvement in the signal-to-noise ra-tio of NMR spectra was achieved in 1964 by the conception of Fourier transform (FT) spectroscopy. (cliftonautotinting.com)
The use of difference spectroscopy to improve the quality of the spectra of the desired components is illustrated for a variety of chemical systems. (cliftonautotinting.com)
The infrared spectra showed different peaks with baseline correction, among which intense, clear and proportionate peaks were selected at 3411 cm -1 , and 1309 cm -1 corresponding to the N-H group and asymmetric SO 2 group for Telmisartan and Hydrochlorothiazide respectively for quantitative estimation. (ijpsr.com)

The diffuse reflectance accessory was used extensively and an infrared microscope was utilized for microscopic samples. (ucl.ac.uk)
The development and theory of diffuse reflectance FT-IR spectroscopy are given and a brief outline of previous use of infrared spectroscopy in archaeological and art conservation is included. (ucl.ac.uk)
Conventional characterization methods are categorized as microscopic imaging and spectroscopic methods, such as aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis (EXAFS), and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). (pku.edu.cn)

NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE FOURIER TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY Nobel Lecture, December 9, 1992 by RICHARD R. ERNST Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hoch-schule, ETH-Zentrum 8092 Zurich, Switzerland The world of the nuclear spins is a true paradise for theoretical and experimental physicists. (cliftonautotinting.com)

In this regard, we comprehensively review the current state-of-the-art ethylene gas sensors and detecting technologies, covering from preconcentrator-equipped gas chromatographic systems, Fourier transform infrared technology, photonic crystal fiber-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, surface acoustic wave and photoacoustic sensors, printable optically colorimetric sensor arrays to a wide range of nanostructured chemiresistive gas sensors (including the potentiometric and amperometric-type FET-, CNT- and metal oxide-based sensors). (mdpi.com)
Fourier-transform (FT)-Raman and FT-infrared spectrum of 4-(3-bromopropyl)-4-azatricyclo [5.2.2.02,6]undecane-3,5,8-trione were recorded and analyzed. (uantwerpen.be)
The first hyperpolarizability, predicted infrared intensities and Raman activities are reported. (uantwerpen.be)

High-pressure infrared spectroscopic study of human proinsulin gene expression in live Escherichia coli cells. (shengsci.com)

Their compositions were examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. (elsevier.com)

This book is intended to serve as an up-to-date reference source for those familiar with chromatography/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) methods and as an introduction to techniques and applications for those interested in future uses for chromatography/FT-IR. (cliftonautotinting.com)

The application of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to the characterization of materials in art and archaeology is evaluated. (ucl.ac.uk)
Extensive characterization including infrared and X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, size, charge, surface area, and density captured the alteration in physicochemical properties as the material went through sequential purification. (cdc.gov)

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and solubility testing was also performed. (aiccm.org.au)

Photoacoustic Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to study phosphoamino acids and phosphoproteins. (shengsci.com)

Fourier transform spectrometers (FTS), thanks to their intrinsic advantages of high throughput, high spectral resolution and multiplex acquisition of spectral channels, offer a powerful tool for the characterisation of the Earth\'s atmosphere. (ino.it)

Variability in surface infrared reflectance of thirteen nitrile rubber gloves at key wavelengths for analysis of captan. (cdc.gov)
The aim of this study was to investigate the surface variability of 13 powder-free, unlined, and unsupported nitrile rubber gloves using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FT-IR) spectrophotometry at key wavelengths for analysis of captan contamination. (cdc.gov)
Concurrently, additional samples were used for infrared analysis. (usda.gov)

When analyzing data from elemental spectroscopy, it is important to consider not just single elements in isolation, but rather to look at multiple elements simultaneously. (machinerylubrication.com)

Although the water vapour (WV) accounts for only 0-4 % of all atmospheric molecules, it is a powerful greenhouse gas, with strong lines of absorption and emission in the infrared (IR). (1library.net)

The use of photon noise limited detectors in FTS instruments operating in the middle/far infrared spectral region permits high sensitivity emission spectroscopy measurements, without the limitations arising from the use of an external radiation source. (ino.it)
As an example of possibilities offered by the above considered technique, results obtained from the SAFIRE-A (Spectroscopy of the Atmosphere using Far InfraRed Emission-Airborne) during the Antarctic campaign APE-GAIA (Airborne Polar Experiment-Geophysica Aircraft In Antarctica, Ushuaia, Argentina, September-October, 1999) are presented. (ino.it)

Researchers from the Nanooptics Group at CIC nanoGUNE (San Sebastian) demonstrate that nanoscale infrared imaging - which is established as a surface-sensitive technique - can be employed for chemical nanoidentification of materials that are located up to 100 nm below the surface. (analytica-world.com)

The resulting double miniemulsions are transformed to robust [email protected] 2 @[email protected] 2 nanocapsules via conversion of the precursor to silica and polymerization of the oil phase. (nature.com)
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for irradiation coumarin doped polystyrene polymer films by alpha ray. (pathofscience.org)

Here, we apply attosecond transient reflection spectroscopy in a sequential two-foci geometry and observe sub-femtosecond dynamics of a core-level exciton in bulk MgF 2 single crystals. (nature.com)

The wide operating spectral range of FTS instruments makes possible simultaneous detection of different atmospheric chemical species that show rotational and vibrational spectral bands in the middle/far infrared region. (ino.it)

Spectrochimica Acta - Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 76 (1). (lincoln.ac.uk)

Infrared spectroscopy is a very commonly used technique which is well described elsewhere. (nist.gov)
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy commonly referred to as MRS, is an analytical method employed to identify changes in metabolite levels throughout a range of biological processes. (onfeetnation.com)

A custom accessory is described for full-face examination of filters utilizing a large-diameter infrared (IR) beam. (cdc.gov)

The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on metronidazole and tinidazole using FT-IR and UV spectroscopy. (merlot.org)
This study is an attempt to assess, evaluate and compare the spectral difference in saliva and serum between healthy and anomalies pregnant women because of deficiency of folate by utilizing Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. (intechopen.com)
Applications of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy to Study Cotton Fibers Noureddine Abidi, Eric Hequet and Luis Cabrales Texas Tech University USA 1. (cliftonautotinting.com)
Application of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to the study of semicrystalline polymers: Poly(ethylene terephthalate) L. D'esposito Department of Macromolecular Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106 Fourier transform deﬁned There you have it. (cliftonautotinting.com)

The as-prepared WK films were characterized by 3D laser scanning microscopy, UV-visible near-infrared spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared microscopy. (sioc-journal.cn)

Oriel Instruments, a Newport Corp. company, introduces the 8035 Fourier Transform-Infrared scanner for imaging and spectroscopy applications. (photonics.com)

Conclusion: Calcination under inner gas flow can transform organic pollutant-adsorbed CLDH to CM-CLDH composite with higher photocatalytic performance. (researchsquare.com)

Degree of conversion of experimental resins was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. (bvsalud.org)

The Fourier transformation (FT) is a mathematical process frequently encountered by chemistry students. (cliftonautotinting.com)

Our new FT mid-IR spectrometer InfraLUM FT-08 has been designed basing on our extensive R&D and expertise in the IR spectroscopy (infrared spectroscopy). (lumexinstruments.com)

The ethanolic leaf extract was then evaluated for chemical composition using GCMS and UV-spectroscopy. (scialert.net)
The released Met in the liquid phase was analysed by Chemical Oxygen Demand, while residual Met in the solid phase was analysed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectroscopy. (unimi.it)

Here, we show that aerial measurements of volcanic gases using unoccupied aerial systems (UAS) transform our ability to measure and monitor plumes remotely and to constrain global volatile fluxes from volcanoes. (researchgate.net)

Prior to purchasing a spectroscopy machine It is crucial that you think about your finances and previous experience. (onfeetnation.com)

Anatomy5

Organisms8

Chemicals and Drugs96

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment58

Phenomena and Processes55

Disciplines and Occupations8

Technology, Industry, Agriculture29

Information Science7

Health Care8

Polarization-modulated FTIR spectroscopy of lipid/gramicidin monolayers at the air/water interface. (1/3535)

Distortion of the L-->M transition in the photocycle of the bacteriorhodopsin mutant D96N: a time-resolved step-scan FTIR investigation. (2/3535)

Both familial Parkinson's disease mutations accelerate alpha-synuclein aggregation. (3/3535)

Chloride ion binding to bacteriorhodopsin at low pH: an infrared spectroscopic study. (4/3535)

Structural analysis of DNA-chlorophyll complexes by Fourier transform infrared difference spectroscopy. (5/3535)

Spectral morphometric characterization of breast carcinoma cells. (6/3535)

Membrane interactions of the synthetic N-terminal peptide of HIV-1 gp41 and its structural analogs. (7/3535)

Substitution of the methionine residues of calmodulin with the unnatural amino acid analogs ethionine and norleucine: biochemical and spectroscopic studies. (8/3535)

Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared

Fourier Analysis

Spectrophotometry, Infrared

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Calorimetry, Differential Scanning

Thermogravimetry

Protein Structure, Secondary

Powder Diffraction

X-Ray Diffraction

Bacteriorhodopsins

Cyclotrons

Spectrum Analysis, Raman

Water

Microspectrophotometry

Circular Dichroism

Protein Conformation

Chitosan

Microscopy, Electron, Scanning

Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical

Temperature

Biophysical Phenomena

Particle Size

Nanocomposites

Biophysics

Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Solubility

Surface Properties

Photochemistry

Bentonite

Solutions

Deuterium Oxide

Spectrum Analysis

Hydrogen-Ion Concentration

Molecular Structure

Halobacterium salinarum

Lipid Bilayers

Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission

Technology, Pharmaceutical

Desiccation

Models, Molecular

Schiff Bases

Cytochromes a

Cytochromes a3

Thermodynamics

Polymethacrylic Acids

Deuterium

Heptanes

Apatites

Green Chemistry Technology

Durapatite

Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy

Drug Compounding

Drug Carriers

Microscopy, Electron, Transmission

Vibration

Phase Transition

Materials Testing

Molecular Conformation

Light

Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet

Protons

Excipients

Mass Spectrometry

Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine

Models, Chemical

Kinetics

Freeze Drying

Hydrogen Bonding

Spectrometry, Fluorescence

Myoglobin

Carbon Monoxide

Silver

Synchrotrons

Molecular Sequence Data

Nanoparticles

Principal Component Analysis

Photolysis

Microscopy, Atomic Force

Delayed-Action Preparations