Mold and yeast inhibitor. Used as a fungistatic agent for foods, especially cheeses.
Substances capable of inhibiting, retarding or arresting the process of fermentation, acidification or other deterioration of foods.
Nitrous acid sodium salt. Used in many industrial processes, in meat curing, coloring, and preserving, and as a reagent in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES. It is used therapeutically as an antidote in cyanide poisoning. The compound is toxic and mutagenic and will react in vivo with secondary or tertiary amines thereby producing highly carcinogenic nitrosamines.
The removal of a carboxyl group, usually in the form of carbon dioxide, from a chemical compound.
Cinnamates are organic compounds that contain a cinnamic acid moiety, widely used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries as esters, with various applications ranging from UV absorbers to local anesthetics and antimicrobial agents.
FATTY ACIDS in which the carbon chain contains one or more double or triple carbon-carbon bonds.
An imperfect fungus causing smut or black mold of several fruits, vegetables, etc.
Compounds in which a methyl group is attached to the cyano moiety.
The body of a fungus which is made up of HYPHAE.
The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
A species of anaerobic, gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria in the family Clostridiaceae that produces proteins with characteristic neurotoxicity. It is the etiologic agent of BOTULISM in humans, wild fowl, HORSES; and CATTLE. Seven subtypes (sometimes called antigenic types, or strains) exist, each producing a different botulinum toxin (BOTULINUM TOXINS). The organism and its spores are widely distributed in nature.
Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)
Amino derivatives of caproic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the amino caproic acid structure.
A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).

Methodological issues in biomonitoring of low level exposure to benzene. (1/146)

Data from a pilot study on unmetabolized benzene and trans,trans muconic acid (t,t-MA) excretion in filling station attendants and unexposed controls were used to afford methodological issues in the biomonitoring of low benzene exposures (around 0.1 ppm). Urinary concentrations of benzene and t,t-MA were measured by dynamic head-space capillary GC/FID and HPLC, respectively. The accuracy of the HPLC determination of t,t-MA was assessed in terms of inter- and intra-method reliability. The adequacy of urinary t,t-MA and benzene as biological markers of low benzene exposure was evaluated by analysing the relationship between personal exposure to benzene and biomarker excretion. Filling station attendants excreted significantly higher amounts of benzene, but not of t,t-MA, than controls. Adjusting for occupational benzene exposure, smokers excreted significantly higher amounts of t,t-MA, but not of unmetabolized benzene, than nonsmokers. A comparative analysis of the present and previously published biomonitoring surveys showed a good inter-study agreement regarding the amount of t,t-MA and unmetabolized benzene excreted (about 0.1-0.2 mg/l and 1-2 micrograms/l, respectively) per unit of exposure (0.1 ppm). For each biomarker, based on the distribution of parameters observed in the pilot study, we calculated the minimum sample size required to estimate the population mean with given confidence and precision.  (+info)

Evaluation of passive smoking by measuring urinary trans, trans-muconic acid and exhaled carbon monoxide levels. (2/146)

No method has yet been established to evaluate the exposure to tobacco smoke in passive smoking (PS). We therefore conducted a study on the possibility that the levels of urinary trans, trans-muconic acid (MA) and the exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) could be indices of the passive exposure to tobacco smoke. The moderate correlation was observed between urinary MA levels and the number of consumed cigarettes per day in smokers. The mean urinary MA level of the PS (+) group was significantly higher than that with the PS (-) group. Among the PS (+) group, the mean MA level in the urine obtained in the afternoon was higher than that obtained in the morning. A high correlation was observed between the exhaled CO levels and the number of consumed cigarettes per day in smokers. Like the urinary MA level, the mean exhaled CO level in the PS (+) group, too, gave a significantly higher level than in the PS (-) group. Because the biological half life of MA (7.5 +/- 0.85 h) was longer than that of CO (3.0 +/- 0.36 h), the measurement of urinary MA level is recommended for evaluating the exposure of passive smoking. The measurement of exhaled CO levels is useful only for chain smokers and nonsmokers with PS just before measurement.  (+info)

Determination of the urinary benzene metabolites S-phenylmercapturic acid and trans,trans-muconic acid by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. (3/146)

To investigate how various levels of exposure affect the metabolic activation pathways of benzene in humans and to examine the relationship between urinary metabolites and other biological markers, we have developed a sensitive and specific liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric assay for simultaneous quantitation of urinary S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) and trans,trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA). The assay involves spiking urine samples with [13C6]S-PMA and [13C6]t,t-MA as internal standards and clean up of samples by solid-phase extraction with subsequent analysis by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry-selected reaction monitoring (LC-ES-MS/MS-SRM) in the negative ionization mode. The efficacy of this assay was evaluated in human urine specimens from smokers and non-smokers as the benzene-exposed and non-exposed groups. The coefficient of variation of runs on different days (n = 8) for S-PMA was 7% for the sample containing 9.4 microg S-PMA/l urine, that for t,t-MA was 10% for samples containing 0.07 mg t,t-MA/l urine. The mean levels of urinary S-PMA and t,t-MA in smokers were 1.9-fold (P = 0.02) and 2.1-fold (P = 0.03) higher than those in non-smokers. The mean urinary concentration (+/-SE) was 9.1 +/- 1.7 microg S-PMA/g creatinine [median 5.8 microg/g, ranging from not detectable (1 out of 28) to 33.4 microg/g] among smokers. In non-smokers' urine the mean concentration was 4.8 +/- 1.1 microg S-PMA/g creatinine (median 3.6 microg/g, ranging from 1.0 to 19.6 microg/g). For t,t-MA in smokers' urine the mean (+/-SE) was 0.15 +/- 0.03 mg/g creatinine (median 0.11 mg/ g, ranging from 0.005 to 0.34 mg/g); the corresponding mean value for t,t-MA concentration in non-smokers' urine was 0.07 +/- 0.02 mg/g creatinine [median 0.03 mg/g, ranging from undetectable (1 out of 18) to 0.48 mg/g]. There was a correlation between S-PMA and t,t-MA after logarithmic transformation (r = 0.41, P = 0.005, n = 46).  (+info)

Analysis of urinary S-phenylmercapturic acid and trans, trans-muconic acid as exposure biomarkers of benzene in petrochemical and industrial areas of Korea. (4/146)

OBJECTIVES: Recently, S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) and trans,trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA) in urine have been proposed as reliable biomarkers for monitoring occupational exposure to benzene. The aim of this study was to test the applicability of S-PMA and t,t-MA as exposure biomarkers and to monitor the occupational exposure level and the extent of environmental contamination from benzene in Korea. METHODS: The urinary excretion of S-PMA and t,t-MA in rats after the intraperitoneal administration of benzene (0.88-800 mg/kg body weight, 7 days) was examined. These biomarkers were also validated in human urine samples collected from elementary schoolchildren in several industrial areas including chemical manufacturing plants, oil refineries, and natural gas-producing installations in Korea. Urine was collected from elementary schoolchildren in a mountain village with no known occupational exposure to benzene and air pollution as the reference group. RESULTS: In rats, there was a significant relationship between the benzene concentration and the excretion of the urinary S-PMA and t,t-MA as a function of concentration, and the excretion of benzene metabolites peaked on the first day after intraperitoneal administration. In human urine, higher levels of S-PMA and t,t-MA were detected more frequently in petrochemical industrial areas than in areas with no known occupational exposure to benzene. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the quantitative determination of S-PMA and t,t-MA in urine can be used as a reliable exposure biomarker for benzene, and they also suggest that extensive attention to benzene exposure is needed for maintaining the health of the population in Korea.  (+info)

Positive and negative control of multidrug resistance by the Sit4 protein phosphatase in Kluyveromyces lactis. (5/146)

The nuclear gene encoding the Sit4 protein phosphatase was identified in the budding yeast Kluyveromyces lactis. K. lactis cells carrying a disrupted sit4 allele are resistant to oligomycin, antimycin, ketoconazole, and econazole but hypersensitive to paromomycin, sorbic acid, and 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide (4-NQO). Overexpression of SIT4 leads to an elevation in resistance to paromomycin and to lesser extent tolerance to sorbic acid, but it has no detectable effect on resistance to 4-NQO. These observations suggest that the Sit4 protein phosphatase has a broad role in modulating multidrug resistance in K. lactis. Expression or activity of a membrane transporter specific for paromomycin and the ABC pumps responsible for 4-NQO and sorbic acid would be positively regulated by Sit4p. In contrast, the function of a Pdr5-type transporter responsible for ketoconazole and econazole extrusion, and probably also for efflux of oligomycin and antimycin, is likely to be negatively regulated by the phosphatase. Drug resistance of sit4 mutants was shown to be mediated by ABC transporters as efflux of the anionic fluorescent dye rhodamine 6G, a substrate for the Pdr5-type pump, is markedly increased in sit4 mutants in an energy-dependent and FK506-sensitive manner.  (+info)

Growth and toxin production by Clostridium botulinum in moldy tomato juice. (6/146)

Tomato juice inoculated with Cladosporium sp. or Penicillium sp. developed pH gradients with the upper portions near the mold mats having pH values near neutrality and the lower portions remaining more acid. Clostridium botulinum spores in these moldy tomato juices germinated, grew out, and produced toxin.  (+info)

Reactions involved in the lower pathway for degradation of 4-nitrotoluene by Mycobacterium strain HL 4-NT-1. (7/146)

In spite of the variety of initial reactions, the aerobic biodegradation of aromatic compounds generally yields dihydroxy intermediates for ring cleavage. Recent investigation of the degradation of nitroaromatic compounds revealed that some nitroaromatic compounds are initially converted to 2-aminophenol rather than dihydroxy intermediates by a number of microorganisms. The complete pathway for the metabolism of 2-aminophenol during the degradation of nitrobenzene by Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes JS45 has been elucidated previously. The pathway is parallel to the catechol extradiol ring cleavage pathway, except that 2-aminophenol is the ring cleavage substrate. Here we report the elucidation of the pathway of 2-amino-4-methylphenol (6-amino-m-cresol) metabolism during the degradation of 4-nitrotoluene by Mycobacterium strain HL 4-NT-1 and the comparison of the substrate specificities of the relevant enzymes in strains JS45 and HL 4-NT-1. The results indicate that the 2-aminophenol ring cleavage pathway in strain JS45 is not unique but is representative of the pathways of metabolism of other o-aminophenolic compounds.  (+info)

Lack of specificity of trans,trans-muconic acid as a benzene biomarker after ingestion of sorbic acid-preserved foods. (8/146)

The benzene metabolite, trans,trans-muconic acid (MA), has been shown to be a sensitive and specific biomarker for ambient benzene exposure levels as low as approximately 0.5 ppm. However, at lower exposure levels, the use of MA as a benzene biomarker is complicated by the fact that it is also a metabolite of the food preservative, sorbic acid. To better assess the extent of this interference, MA was measured in sequential spot urine samples over a 2-day study period from eight volunteers (four adults and two parent-children pairs) who consumed two sorbic acid-preserved foods. Large increases in MA concentration were seen after ingestion of both foods. Individual peaks ranged as high as 1673.7 ng/ml (705.3 ng/mg creatinine) in adults and 1752.1 ng/mg creatinine (1221.3 ng/ml) in children. Ratios of peak to baseline values varied from 2.5 to 60. The average peak in the seven subjects who showed an increase in MA after ingestion of the first sorbic acid-containing food was 531.1 ng/ml (693.2 ng/mg creatinine). The average in the seven participants who ingested the second food was 1102.1 ng/ml (795.3 ng/mg creatinine). Twenty-four-hour personal air benzene levels were all low (< or = 5.6 ppb). Substantial variation in MA results were seen in some males related to creatinine adjustment. These data indicate that sorbic acid-preserved foods have the potential to cause substantial interference with MA as a biomarker for both occupational and environmental benzene exposure in populations, such as in the United States, where consumption of preserved foods is common. Development of methods to minimize and/or assess sorbic acid interference will improve MA specificity in such populations.  (+info)

Sorbic acid is a chemical compound that is commonly used as a preservative in various food and cosmetic products. Medically, it's not typically used as a treatment for any specific condition. However, its preservative properties help prevent the growth of bacteria, yeast, and mold, which can improve the safety and shelf life of certain medical supplies such as ointments and eye drops.

The chemical structure of sorbic acid is that of a carboxylic acid with two double bonds, making it a unsaturated fatty acid. It's naturally found in some fruits like rowanberries and serviceberries, but most commercial sorbic acid is synthetically produced.

Food-grade sorbic acid is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and it has a wide range of applications in food preservation, including baked goods, cheeses, wines, and fruit juices. In cosmetics, it's often used to prevent microbial growth in products like creams, lotions, and makeup.

It is important to note that some people may have allergic reactions to sorbic acid or its salts (sorbates), so caution should be exercised when introducing new products containing these substances into personal care routines or diets.

Food preservatives are substances added to foods to prevent or slow down spoilage caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, yeasts, and molds, or to retard quality deterioration due to oxidation or other chemical reactions. They work by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms, preventing enzymatic reactions that cause spoilage, or scavenging oxygen that can lead to food degradation. Examples of commonly used food preservatives include sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, sulfites, and nitrites. It is important to note that while food preservatives play a crucial role in maintaining the safety and quality of our food supply, excessive consumption of certain preservatives may have adverse health effects.

Sodium nitrite is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula NaNO2. Medically, it is used as a vasodilator and an antidote for cyanide poisoning. It is a white to slightly yellowish crystalline powder that is very soluble in water and moderately soluble in alcohol. In solution, it is easily oxidized to sodium nitrate (NaNO3), which is stable and less toxic.

In the food industry, sodium nitrite is used as a preservative and coloring agent in meat and fish products. It helps prevent the growth of harmful bacteria, such as Clostridium botulinum, which can cause botulism. However, under certain conditions, sodium nitrite can react with proteins in food to form potentially carcinogenic compounds, so its use is regulated.

Decarboxylation is a chemical reaction that removes a carboxyl group from a molecule and releases carbon dioxide (CO2) as a result. In the context of medical chemistry, decarboxylation is a crucial process in the activation of certain acidic precursor compounds into their biologically active forms.

For instance, when discussing phytocannabinoids found in cannabis plants, decarboxylation converts non-psychoactive tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) into psychoactive delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) through the removal of a carboxyl group. This reaction typically occurs when the plant material is exposed to heat, such as during smoking or vaporization, or when it undergoes aging.

In summary, decarboxylation refers to the chemical process that removes a carboxyl group from a molecule and releases CO2, which can activate certain acidic precursor compounds into their biologically active forms in medical chemistry.

Cinnamates are organic compounds that are derived from cinnamic acid. They contain a carbon ring with a double bond and a carboxylic acid group, making them aromatic acids. Cinnamates are widely used in the perfume industry due to their pleasant odor, and they also have various applications in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries.

In a medical context, cinnamates may be used as topical medications for the treatment of skin conditions such as fungal infections or inflammation. For example, cinnamate esters such as cinoxacin and ciclopirox are commonly used as antifungal agents in creams, lotions, and shampoos. These compounds work by disrupting the cell membranes of fungi, leading to their death.

Cinnamates may also have potential therapeutic benefits for other medical conditions. For instance, some studies suggest that cinnamate derivatives may have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties, making them promising candidates for the development of new drugs to treat diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. However, more research is needed to confirm these effects and determine their safety and efficacy in humans.

Unsaturated fatty acids are a type of fatty acid that contain one or more double bonds in their carbon chain. These double bonds can be either cis or trans configurations, although the cis configuration is more common in nature. The presence of these double bonds makes unsaturated fatty acids more liquid at room temperature and less prone to spoilage than saturated fatty acids, which do not have any double bonds.

Unsaturated fatty acids can be further classified into two main categories: monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). MUFAs contain one double bond in their carbon chain, while PUFAs contain two or more.

Examples of unsaturated fatty acids include oleic acid (a MUFA found in olive oil), linoleic acid (a PUFA found in vegetable oils), and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 PUFA found in flaxseed and fish). Unsaturated fatty acids are essential nutrients for the human body, as they play important roles in various physiological processes such as membrane structure, inflammation, and blood clotting. It is recommended to consume a balanced diet that includes both MUFAs and PUFAs to maintain good health.

'Aspergillus niger' is a species of fungi that belongs to the genus Aspergillus. It is a ubiquitous microorganism that can be found in various environments, including soil, decaying vegetation, and indoor air. 'Aspergillus niger' is a black-colored mold that produces spores that are easily dispersed in the air.

This fungus is well known for its ability to produce a variety of enzymes and metabolites, some of which have industrial applications. For example, it is used in the production of citric acid, which is widely used as a food additive and preservative.

However, 'Aspergillus niger' can also cause health problems in humans, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems or underlying lung conditions. It can cause allergic reactions, respiratory symptoms, and invasive aspergillosis, a serious infection that can spread to other organs in the body.

In addition, 'Aspergillus niger' can produce mycotoxins, which are toxic compounds that can contaminate food and feed and cause various health effects in humans and animals. Therefore, it is important to prevent the growth and proliferation of this fungus in indoor environments and food production facilities.

Acetonitrile is an organic compound with the formula CH3CN. It is a colorless liquid that is used as a solvent and in the production of various chemicals. Acetonitrile is weakly basic and polar, and it has a unique smell that is often described as unpleasant or sweet.

Acetonitrile is not considered to be a medication or a drug, so it does not have a medical definition. However, it is sometimes used in the medical field as a solvent for various applications, such as in the preparation of pharmaceutical products or in laboratory research. It is important to handle acetonitrile with care, as it can be harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or contacted with the skin.

Mycelium is not a specifically medical term, but it is a biological term used in fungi and other organisms. Medically, it might be relevant in certain contexts such as discussing fungal infections. Here's the general definition:

Mycelium (my-SEE-lee-um) is the vegetative part of a fungus, consisting of a mass of branching, thread-like hyphae. It is the underground portion of the fungus that supports the growth of the organism and is often responsible for the decomposition of organic material. Mycelium can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and dead or living organisms.

Hydrogen-ion concentration, also known as pH, is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. It is defined as the negative logarithm (to the base 10) of the hydrogen ion activity in a solution. The standard unit of measurement is the pH unit. A pH of 7 is neutral, less than 7 is acidic, and greater than 7 is basic.

In medical terms, hydrogen-ion concentration is important for maintaining homeostasis within the body. For example, in the stomach, a high hydrogen-ion concentration (low pH) is necessary for the digestion of food. However, in other parts of the body such as blood, a high hydrogen-ion concentration can be harmful and lead to acidosis. Conversely, a low hydrogen-ion concentration (high pH) in the blood can lead to alkalosis. Both acidosis and alkalosis can have serious consequences on various organ systems if not corrected.

'Clostridium botulinum' is a gram-positive, rod-shaped, anaerobic bacteria that produces one or more neurotoxins known as botulinum toxins. These toxins are among the most potent naturally occurring biological poisons and can cause a severe form of food poisoning called botulism in humans and animals. Botulism is characterized by symmetrical descending flaccid paralysis, which can lead to respiratory and cardiovascular failure, and ultimately death if not treated promptly.

The bacteria are widely distributed in nature, particularly in soil, sediments, and the intestinal tracts of some animals. They can form spores that are highly resistant to heat, chemicals, and other environmental stresses, allowing them to survive for long periods in adverse conditions. The spores can germinate and produce vegetative cells and toxins when they encounter favorable conditions, such as anaerobic environments with appropriate nutrients.

Human botulism can occur through three main routes of exposure: foodborne, wound, and infant botulism. Foodborne botulism results from consuming contaminated food containing preformed toxins, while wound botulism occurs when the bacteria infect a wound and produce toxins in situ. Infant botulism is caused by the ingestion of spores that colonize the intestines and produce toxins, mainly affecting infants under one year of age.

Prevention measures include proper food handling, storage, and preparation practices, such as cooking and canning foods at appropriate temperatures and for sufficient durations. Wound care and prompt medical attention are crucial in preventing wound botulism. Vaccines and antitoxins are available for prophylaxis and treatment of botulism in high-risk individuals or in cases of confirmed exposure.

An encyclopedia is a comprehensive reference work containing articles on various topics, usually arranged in alphabetical order. In the context of medicine, a medical encyclopedia is a collection of articles that provide information about a wide range of medical topics, including diseases and conditions, treatments, tests, procedures, and anatomy and physiology. Medical encyclopedias may be published in print or electronic formats and are often used as a starting point for researching medical topics. They can provide reliable and accurate information on medical subjects, making them useful resources for healthcare professionals, students, and patients alike. Some well-known examples of medical encyclopedias include the Merck Manual and the Stedman's Medical Dictionary.

Aminocaproates are a group of chemical compounds that contain an amino group and a carboxylic acid group, as well as a straight or branched alkyl chain with 6-10 carbon atoms. They are often used in medical settings as anti-fibrinolytic agents, which means they help to prevent the breakdown of blood clots.

One example of an aminocaproate is epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA), which is a synthetic analogue of the amino acid lysine. EACA works by inhibiting the activation of plasminogen to plasmin, which is an enzyme that breaks down blood clots. By doing so, EACA can help to reduce bleeding and improve clot stability in certain medical conditions, such as hemophilia or following surgery.

Other aminocaproates include tranexamic acid (TXA) and 4-aminoethylbenzoic acid (AEBA), which also have anti-fibrinolytic properties and are used in similar clinical settings. However, it's important to note that these medications can increase the risk of thrombosis (blood clots) if not used properly, so they should only be administered under the close supervision of a healthcare provider.

Oxidation-Reduction (redox) reactions are a type of chemical reaction involving a transfer of electrons between two species. The substance that loses electrons in the reaction is oxidized, and the substance that gains electrons is reduced. Oxidation and reduction always occur together in a redox reaction, hence the term "oxidation-reduction."

In biological systems, redox reactions play a crucial role in many cellular processes, including energy production, metabolism, and signaling. The transfer of electrons in these reactions is often facilitated by specialized molecules called electron carriers, such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+/NADH) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD/FADH2).

The oxidation state of an element in a compound is a measure of the number of electrons that have been gained or lost relative to its neutral state. In redox reactions, the oxidation state of one or more elements changes as they gain or lose electrons. The substance that is oxidized has a higher oxidation state, while the substance that is reduced has a lower oxidation state.

Overall, oxidation-reduction reactions are fundamental to the functioning of living organisms and are involved in many important biological processes.

This affords parasorbic acid, the lactone of sorbic acid, which he converted to sorbic acid by hydrolysis. Its antimicrobial ... With a pKa of 4.76, sorbic acid is about as acidic as acetic acid. Sorbic acid and its salts, especially potassium sorbate and ... Sorbitol Polysorbate Acids in wine Parasorbic acid Erich Lück, Martin Jager, Nico Raczek (2000). "Sorbic Acid". Ullmann's ... For the crystalline acid, I suggest the name "sorbic acid", whereby an old name of the malic acid that's found in rowan berries ...
... is the sodium salt of sorbic acid. It is an unstable white solid. Unlike other sorbic acid salts such as ... Datenbankeintrag bei Chemspider EFSA Journal 2015 Erich Lück, Martin Jager, Nico Raczek (2000). "Sorbic Acid". Ullmann's ...
... is the product of the decarboxylation of sorbic acid, a common anti-mold agent. Piperylene is obtained as a ... Erich Lück, Martin Jager, Nico Raczek (2000). "Sorbic Acid". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley- ...
August von Hofmann isolates sorbic acid. Gustav Robert Kirchhoff and Robert Bunsen invent an improved spectroscope. Pinacol is ...
... benzoic acid, and in beverages (pH 3.2) containing either 0.06% (w/v) sorbic acid, 0.07% (w/v) benzoic acid, or 2% (w/v) acetic ... It has been observed that the cellular acetic acid uptake was inhibited when sorbic or benzoic acid was incorporated into the ... In some types of food, the yeast is even able to grow in the presence of benzoic and sorbic acids at concentrations higher than ... For example, according to the European Union (EU) legislation, sorbic acid is limited to 0.03% (w/v) in soft drinks (pH 2.5 - ...
While sorbic acid occurs naturally in rowan and hippophae berries, virtually all of the world's supply of sorbic acid, from ... Potassium sorbate is produced industrially by neutralizing sorbic acid with potassium hydroxide. The precursor sorbic acid is ... of sorbic acid's anti-microbial activity. When calculated as sorbic acid, 0.3% is allowed in "cold pack cheese food." The upper ... Potassium sorbate is the potassium salt of sorbic acid, chemical formula CH3CH=CH−CH=CH−CO2K. It is a white salt that is very ...
... is the calcium salt of sorbic acid. Calcium sorbate is a polyunsaturated fatty acid salt. It is a commonly used ...
... is the cyclic lactone of sorbic acid. Thermal treatment or hydrolysis converts the lactone to sorbic acid. ... however cooking and exposure to moisture convert it to the benign food preservative sorbic acid. δ-Valerolactone Sorbic acid A ... Parasorbic acid is toxic and causes indigestion and nausea, ... "Long-term toxicity of parasorbic acid in rats". Food Cosmet ...
It is also a precursor to sorbic acid, dienoic acid, and hexenoic acid. Dienoic acid is used to inhibit the growth of various ... triacetic acid lactone was obtained by treatment of dehydroacetic acid with sulfuric acid at 135 °C. Dehydroacetic acid ... triacetic acid reverts to a lactone ring similar to the dehydroacetic acid structure, and the triacetic acid lactone is ... Triacetic acid lactone is synthesized either from dehydroacetic acid, another 2-pyrone derivative, or from glucose by enzymatic ...
Ascorbic acid is used as an antioxidant, while sorbic acid is used to inhibit the growth of yeast in white wine. Sorbic acid ... Lactic acid bacteria can cause acid spoilage in dry wine with low acidity and lactic acid bacteria disease in sweet wine with ... For example, the preservatives added to white wine are mainly ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and sorbic acid. ... other chemicals such as benzoic acid, diethyl pyrocarbonate, parabens, pimaricin and sorbic acid are also used as preservatives ...
Sometimes, additional acids, such as ascorbic, sorbic and sulfurous acids, are used in winemaking. Tartaric acid is, from a ... but very low levels of acid. Tartaric acid is most often added, but winemakers will sometimes add citric or malic acid. Acids ... Along with malic acid, and to a lesser extent citric acid, tartaric is one of the fixed acids found in wine grapes. The ... Malic acid, along with tartaric acid, is one of the principal organic acids found in wine grapes. It is found in nearly every ...
first image). Analogously, sorbic acid derivatives, extended by another "vinyl" moiety show vinylogous behaviour as well. ... The simplest carboxylic acid, formic acid (HC(=O)−OH), is a moderately strong organic acid with a pKa of 3.7. We would expect ... vinylogous carboxylic acids are substantially stronger acids than typical enols (pKa ~ 12). Vitamin C (ascorbic acid, see below ... A further example of vinylogous reactivity: ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) behaves as a vinylogous carboxylic acid by involvement of ...
Sorbic acid, a food preservative, and trimethylhydroquinone, a precursor to the vitamin E, are prepared from crotonaldehyde. ... It is not very toxic, with an LD50 of 174 mg/kg (rats, oral). Crotyl Crotonic acid Crotyl alcohol Methacrolein Merck Index, ... Other derivatives include crotonic acid and 3-methoxybutanol. It adds two equivalents of urea to give the pyrimidine derivative ... "Crotonaldehyde and Crotonic Acid". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007. ...
The product contains under two percent of lactic acid, sodium alginate, sorbic acid, oleoresin, and other ingredients. Per a ...
It is the world's largest producer of sorbic acid and related sorbates, which are used as preservatives. It is also a producer ...
Solutions of strong (HCl), moderately strong (sulfamic) or weak (acetic, citric, sorbic, lactic, phosphoric) acids are ... For the same total acid concentration, the initial pH of the weak acid is less acid than the one of the strong acid; however, ... His hope was that the calcium carbonate would counter the acid in the stream from acid rain and save the trout that had ceased ... In the case of a weak monoacid (here we take acetic acid with pKa = 4.76) with decreasing total acid concentration [A] = [A ...
One of the reasons for food producers to use natamycin is to replace the artificial preservative sorbic acid. As a food ... Natamycin inhibits amino acid and glucose transport proteins leading to a loss of nutrient transport across the plasma membrane ... Structurally, its core is a macrolide containing a polyene segment, with carboxylic acid and mycosamine groups attached. As ...
This produces a polyester of 3-hydroxy-4-hexenoic acid, which is thermally or hydrolytically depolymerized to sorbic acid. ... The technically most significant use of ethenone is the synthesis of sorbic acid by reaction with 2-butenal (crotonaldehyde) in ... For example, it reacts with water to form acetic acid; with acetic acid to form acetic anhydride; with ammonia and amines to ... In industrial chemistry, ketene is produced by the dehydration reaction of acetic acid: C 2 H 4 O 2 ⟶ C 2 H 2 O + H 2 O {\ ...
Typical agents include the following acids and their sodium salts: sorbic acid, acetic acid, benzoic acid, and propionic acid. ... Acidity regulators are indicated by their E number, such as E260 (acetic acid), or simply listed as "food acid". Acidity ... Adipic acid List of food additives Sodium bicarbonate "What are acidity regulators and why are they added to food". www.eufic. ... They can be organic or mineral acids, bases, neutralizing agents, or buffering agents. ...
... and sorbic acids. Other acids present in wine, including malic and tartaric acid are considered non-volatile or fixed acids. ... Acetic acid is the primary volatile acid in wine, but smaller amounts of lactic, formic, butyric, propionic acid, carbonic acid ... Carbonic acid is the only physiologically volatile acid; all other acids are physiologically nonvolatile acids (also known as a ... In physiology, volatile acid (or respiratory acid) refers to carbonic acid, a product of dissolved carbon dioxide. In this ...
Hofmann isolated sorbic acid from rowanberries' oil in 1859, a chemical compound that is widely used as a food preservative. In ... such as a small amount of sulphuric acid. A platinum electrode is placed inside the bottom of each of the two side cylinders, ...
Some additives and preservatives used may include carrageenan, citric acid, monosodium glutamate, sodium citrate, sorbic acid, ...
The production of the taint begins with the conversion of sorbic acid to the alcohol sorbinol. The alcohol is then isomerised ... Lactic acid bacteria have a useful role in winemaking converting malic acid to lactic acid in malolactic fermentation. However ... Acetic acid bacteria, such as those from the genera Acetobacter and Gluconobacter produce high levels of acetic acid. The ... It can be produced as a metabolite of citric acid when all of the malic acid has been consumed. Diacetyl rarely taints wine to ...
... and organic acids or HCl. Growth is inhibited by 100 mg/kg or less of benzoic acid or sorbic acid and a pH of 4 or above. The ...
The production of geraniol occurs only if sorbic acid is present during malo-lactic fermentation. To avoid this, either the ... This is because malic acid has two acid radicals (-COOH) while lactic acid has only one. However, the pH should be monitored ... Malolactic fermentation occurs when lactic acid bacteria metabolize malic acid and produce lactic acid and carbon dioxide. This ... whereas lactic acid is more gentle and less sour. Lactic acid is an acid found in dairy products. Malolactic fermentation ...
... and sorbic acid, and other food ingredients. Major end-use markets include beverages, confections, baked goods, and dairy ... The company owns and operates the world's three largest acetic acid plants: one in the Clear Lake area of Pasadena, Texas, one ... A Fortune 500 corporation, the company is the world's leading producer of acetic acid, producing about 1.95 million tonnes per ... Acetyl intermediates is Celanese's largest segment, with a product range consisting of basic chemicals such as acetic acid, ...
... to break down the toxic parasorbic acid (hexenollactone) into sorbic acid.[clarification needed] The English verb to blet was ... organic acids and amino acids in medlar (Mespilus germanica L.) during fruit development and maturation". Food Chemistry. 83 (3 ... Chemically speaking, bletting brings about an increase in sugars and a decrease in the acids and tannins that make the unripe ... Converting carbohydrates to alcohol or acids using anaerobic microorganisms Industrial fermentation - Biochemical process ...
"Rapid Approach to Determine Propionic and Sorbic Acid Contents in Bread and Bakery Products Using 1H NMR Spectroscopy". Foods. ... which imports fatty acids into the cell. In vitro, a connection between free methylmalonic acid and malonic acid to ... Changes in malonic acid and methylmalonic acid excretion can be seen as early as 24-36 h after a change in diet. Another ... Methylmalonic acid is formed from the essential amino acids valine, methionine, threonine and isoleucine, from odd-chained ...
Sorbic acid An acid that can be added to wine in order to halt yeast activity and alcohol production - such as in the ... The three main acids found in wine are tartaric acid, malic acid and lactic acid. The first two come from the grapes and the ... Malic acid A strong tasting acid in wine reminiscent of the flavor of green (unripe) apples. The amount of malic acid in grapes ... Acetic and carbonic acids are the most common volatile acids but butyric, formic and propionic acids can also be found in wine ...
... fruit contains sorbic acid, and when raw also contains parasorbic acid (about 0.4%-0.7% in the European rowan), which ... renders it nontoxic by changing it to the benign sorbic acid. They are also usually too astringent to be palatable when raw. ...
This affords parasorbic acid, the lactone of sorbic acid, which he converted to sorbic acid by hydrolysis. Its antimicrobial ... With a pKa of 4.76, sorbic acid is about as acidic as acetic acid. Sorbic acid and its salts, especially potassium sorbate and ... Sorbitol Polysorbate Acids in wine Parasorbic acid Erich Lück, Martin Jager, Nico Raczek (2000). "Sorbic Acid". Ullmanns ... For the crystalline acid, I suggest the name "sorbic acid", whereby an old name of the malic acid thats found in rowan berries ...
ISO 5519:2008 specifies a method for extracting the sorbic acid present in fruits, vegetables and derived products, and two ...
Is anyone else interested in sharing the cost of a GreenScreen assessment of Sorbic acid (primary CASRN is 110-44-1) [91751-55- ... Hi! Can I get a quote for a GreenScreen Assessment of Sorbic acid (primary CASRN is 110-44-1) [91751-55-2]?. ... Profile for "Sorbic acid (primary CASRN is 110-44-1)" on Pharos: https://pharosproject.net/chemicals/2145512 ...
Tag: sorbic acid. 2016-12-11. Ingredients. Ingredients of RMK Gel Creamy Foundation. See also Cherrys Personal Review of RMK ...
A portion of the sample is analyzed by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) and compared to standards of known concentration, with UV (ultra violet) detection.
Buy sorbic acid at best price in bulk from PCAPL Manufacturers, we Supply to major cities all over india like ahemdabad, ... Sorbic Acid For Sale At Best Price :. Sorbic acid, also known as 2,4-hexadienoic acid, is a naturally occurring chemical ... Sorbic Acid Structure. Sorbic acid, also known as 2,4-hexadienoic acid, is a naturally occurring chemical molecule that is ... Sorbic Acid E200 can be used as a pharmaceutical preservative.. *Sorbic Acid E200 is a preservative that can be used in ...
Harvests produced and progressed under specific conditions are known as organic. For a crop to be recognized under stipulations of organic food, it is necessary
Fragrances and flavorings (eg, balsam of Peru, cinnamic acid, cinnamic aldehyde) * Medications (eg, benzocaine, camphor, witch ...
BEIJING, May 11 (Xinhua) -- No melamine has been found by spot tests of raw milk conducted since last December across the nation, an official with the Health
ammonium glycyrrhizate, blue 1, flavor, PEG-8, PEG-75, sodium saccharin, sorbic acid ...
Clemmensen O, Hjorth N. Perioral contact urticaria from sorbic acid and benzoic acid in a salad dressing. Contact Dermatitis. ... 19] This was traced to sorbic acid and benzoic acid in the dressing. ... sorbic, cinnamic, or nicotinic acid; and nettles (plants). In one report, 18 out of 20 children aged 1-4 years developed ... Examples of irritants include acids; alkalis (eg, sodium, potassium, ammonium, calcium hydroxide compounds), which are ...
... sorbic acid, propylene glycol, white petrolatum, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, methylparaben, propylparaben and sorbitol ...
... benzoic acid, propylene glycol, peanuts, chestnuts, cinnamon, sorbic acid, and nicotinic acid among others. ... Food allergens include peanuts, chestnuts, cinnamon, and sorbic acid. [7] Nicotinic acid has also been suggested. ... 48] Components of lotions such as petrolatum cadmium sulfate, octyl gallate, benzoic acid, and propylene glycol have been ... with studies on alpha-lipoic acid and cognitive therapy showing their effectiveness as well. However, the investigators found ...
Sorbic acid. *Talc. *Boron nitride. *Cellulose. *Ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer. *Phenoxyethanol. *Alumina ...
Sodium Benzoate.Sorbic Acid. Phenoxyethanol.. ---Benefits---. Multi-tasking skin salve to condition and protect. ...
Coconut cake with an unacceptable Sorbic acid level of 1,700 ppm.. The Center for Food Safety did not find any problems in ... Norovirus nucleic acid detected in raw oyster.. -Chocolate milk with an unsatisfactory hygienic indicator, high colonies count. ...
Sorbic Acid. Berries Of The Mountain Ash Tree. Sorbitol. Mixed Ash Fruits ...
Crotonaldehyde is mainly used in the manufacture of sorbic acid, which is a yeast and mold inhibitor. Crotonaldehyde has been ...
Citric Acid, Sorbic Acid, Benzyl Alcohol. ... Citric Acid, Potassium Sorbate.. net wt. 16 oz. , poids net 480 ...
Food grade Potassium Sorbate granular Description: Potassium sorbate is the potassium salt of Sorbic Acid, chemical formula ... Potassium sorbate is produced by reacting Sorbic Acid with an equimolar portion of potassium hydroxide. The resulting potassium ... as Sorbic Acid) ≤ 1.0 % Aldehyde (as Formaldehyde) ≤ 0.1 % Lead (Pb) ≤ 2 mg/kg Mercury (... ... Chemical Name: Potassium sorbate.2,4-di-ethene acid kalium Molecular Formula: C6H7KO2 Molecular Weight: 150.22 Properties: ...
Sorbic Acid* and Calcium Disodium EDTA (used to protect quality); Natural Flavor; Paprika Extract; Vitamin E; *Ingredient not ... Sorbic Acid* and Calcium Disodium EDTA (used to protect quality); Natural Flavor; Paprika Extract; Vitamin E; *Ingredient not ... Acid ControllersMotion SicknessProbioticsStomach RemediesAnti-DiarrheaAnti-GasMulti-ReliefEye, Ear & FootEar CareEye & Lens ...
CITRIC ACID ● SODIUM HYDROXIDE ● CHLORPHENESIN ● SODIUM BENZOATE ● O-CYMEN-5-OL ● POTASSIUM SORBATE ● SORBIC ACID ● PARFUM ( ... BENZOIC ACID • SODIUM HYDROXIDE • POLYSILICONE-11 • SODIUM ASCORBATE • PPG-26 BUTETH-26 • DEHYDROACETIC ACID • CITRIC ACID • ... SORBIC ACID. Gelée Nettoyante Moussante Purifiante, 50ml : AQUA (WATER) • GLYCERIN • SODIUM LAURETH SULFATE • DECYL GLUCOSIDE ... SORBIC ACID ● POTASSIUM SORBATE ● SODIUM BENZOATE ● CHLORPHENESIN ● PARFUM (FRAGRANCE) ● CI 19140 (YELLOW 5) ● CI 14700 (RED 4) ...
Citric Acid, Alcohol Denat., Lsopropyl Cloprostenate, Phenoxyethanol, Chlorphenesin, Sorbic Acid, Potassium, Sorbate, Disodium ... Polypeptides, Biotin, Panthenol, Amino Acids, Soy-bean Oil And Pumpkin Seed Extract. Dermatologist And Ophthalmologist Tested, ...
... benzoic acid, salicylic acid, sorbic acid, lactic acid and acetic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. More ... 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 26 * WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sorbic acid Chemical compound CC=CC=CC(O ... boric acid, borax, salicylic acid, benzoic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid; Aldehydes such as thimerosal; Alcohols such as ... The term "sorbic acid" as used herein, applies to both sorbic acid and sorbate salts. Thus, sodium sorbate, potassium sorbate, ...
... for example methyl or propyl p-hydroxybenzoate or sorbic acid; and if desired conventional flavouring or colouring agents. ... Suitable acid addition salts of the compounds of formula (I) are the acid addition salts including pharmaceutically acceptable ... for example a nitric acid/acetic acid mixture in an inert solvent, such as dichloromethane, at any temperature providing a ... The column was extensively washed with the same buffer, and the δ-nucleotide eluted with 6 mL of 0.25 M acetic acid. The ...
  • Sorbic acid, or 2,4-hexadienoic acid, is a natural organic compound used as a food preservative. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sorbic acid and its salts, especially potassium sorbate and calcium sorbate, are antimicrobial agents often used as preservatives in food and drinks to prevent the growth of mold, yeast, and fungi. (wikipedia.org)
  • The E numbers are: E200 Sorbic acid E201 Sodium sorbate E202 Potassium sorbate E203 Calcium sorbate Some molds (notably some Trichoderma and Penicillium strains) and yeasts are able to detoxify sorbates by decarboxylation, producing trans-1,3-pentadiene. (wikipedia.org)
  • The preservatives reported were sorbic acid, benzoic acid, potassium sorbate, and sodium sulfite or nitrite [ 11 ], in which some of them have often been used in the food industry. (hindawi.com)
  • Clear acne and unclog pores with PanOxyl Clarifying Exfoliant with 2% Salicylic Acid. (ulta.com)
  • Salicylic Acid, a Beta Hydroxy Acid (BHA), helps to dissolve dead skin and minimize the production of certain skin oils. (ulta.com)
  • With a pKa of 4.76, sorbic acid is about as acidic as acetic acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • The major weak organic acid food preservatives include benzoic, acetic, sorbic, and propionic acids. (scienceoxygen.com)
  • Sorbic acid and sorbate salts have a very low mammalian toxicity and carcinogenicity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our pure coconut based emulsified MCT oil (medium-chain triglycerides) not only provides 6.9 grams of medium chain fatty acids per serving that started the MCT oil craze. (instacart.com)
  • Omega 3 Fatty Acids. (petsupplies.com)
  • It can also be prepared from isomeric hexadienoic acids, which are available via a nickel-catalyzed reaction of allyl chloride, acetylene, and carbon monoxide. (wikipedia.org)
  • Why is citric acid used in soft drinks? (scienceoxygen.com)
  • Because of its acidic, sour-tasting nature, citric acid is predominantly used as a flavoring and preserving agent, especially in soft drinks and candies. (scienceoxygen.com)
  • Regulatory Norm 7 (1978) provides that, in Brazil, biological monitoring of toluene and xylene is carried out by measuring the urinary metabolites hippuric acid (HA) and methylhippuric acid (MHA), respectively. (hindawi.com)
  • Sorbitol Polysorbate Acids in wine Parasorbic acid Erich Lück, Martin Jager, Nico Raczek (2000). (wikipedia.org)
  • The traditional route to sorbic acid involves condensation of malonic acid and crotonaldehyde. (wikipedia.org)
  • Crotonaldehyde is mainly used in the manufacture of sorbic acid, which is a yeast and mold inhibitor. (cdc.gov)
  • 2001. Evaluation of benzene exposure in children living in Campania (Italy) by urinary trans,trans -muconic acid assay. (cdc.gov)
  • Sorbic acid can also be used as an additive for cold rubber, and as an intermediate in the manufacture of some plasticizers and lubricants. (wikipedia.org)
  • In general the salts are preferred over the acid form because they are more soluble in water, but the active form is the acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other detoxification reactions include reduction to 4-hexenol and 4-hexenoic acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • Heat-resistant bacteria and molds can survive the pasteurization conditions used in high-acid fruit juices. (hindawi.com)
  • Together with sulfite, these compounds constitute the most widely used acid preservatives in industrial food and beverage production. (scienceoxygen.com)
  • Contains a Sterile, Isotonic Solution with a Borate Buffer System, Sodium Chloride, Hypromellose and Glycerin, Plus Sorbic Acid (0.25%) and Edetate Disodium (0.1%) as the Preservatives. (safeway.com)
  • A specific RP-HPLC method was developed, validated and applied to identify and quantify preservatives including benzoic acid, sorbic acid, methyl paraben and propyl paraben simultaneously in 50 different products. (banglajol.info)
  • rokonsal™ bsb-n preservative is a combination of benzoic and sorbic acids in benzyl alcohol. (ashland.com)
  • Results: Inactivation of surrogate E. coli at 45, 50, and 55C were 2.87, 3.11, and 3.55 log CFU/ml, respectively, in plain juice (pH 3.4), and 2.64, 3.24, and 5.05 with the addition of benzoic and sorbic acids (pH 3.5). (usda.gov)
  • With a pKa of 4.76, sorbic acid is about as acidic as acetic acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • Beginning in the 1980s, sorbic acid and its salts were used as inhibitors of Clostridium botulinum in meat products to replace the use of nitrites, which can produce carcinogenic nitrosamines. (wikipedia.org)
  • In general the salts are preferred over the acid form because they are more soluble in water, but the active form is the acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sorbic acid and sorbate salts have a very low mammalian toxicity and carcinogenicity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Muconic acid (COOH) is a naturally occurring chemical molecule that can also be produced from sorbic acid and its salts. (alliedmarketresearch.com)
  • The values were within the maximum allowable ranges for fruit juice (1000 ppm for both benzoic acid and sorbic acid) as suggested by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). (banglajol.info)
  • It's a carboxylic acid with two carboxylic functional groups that's called a dicarboxylic acid. (alliedmarketresearch.com)
  • Sulfur dioxide or sorbic acid is added after fermentation to kill any additional yeast cells. (calwineries.com)
  • Undecylenic acid provided by calcium undecylenate is a monounsaturated fatty acid which inhibits hyphae formation in yeast cells, while sorbic acid has well-known inhibitory action against some undesirable microorganisms. (klaire.com)
  • 5 Typically, lactic acid is applied to the skin, although other substances have been used such as capsaicin, ethanol, menthol, 6 and sorbic and benzoic acid. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
  • Muconic acid derivatives, such as adipic acid and caprolactam, are used to make a variety of products, including PET and other lubricants, carpets, plastics, polymers and textiles which are then utilized as key raw materials to make plastic bottles, pouches, boxes and cans. (alliedmarketresearch.com)
  • Do not use if allergic to any ingredient, including sorbic acid. (safeway.com)
  • Sorbic acid can also be used as an additive for cold rubber, and as an intermediate in the manufacture of some plasticizers and lubricants. (wikipedia.org)
  • The industries such as plastics, carpets & textiles, lubricants and others were shut down during the COVID-19 pandemic this decreases the demand for muconic acid. (alliedmarketresearch.com)
  • Due to the organic acids, rokonsal™ bsb-n preservative may be classified as a mild preservative. (ashland.com)
  • Organic compounds composed of amine (-NH) and carboxylic (-COOH) acid. (goldwell.com)
  • Genetic Toxicity Evaluation of Sorbic Acid in Salmonella/E.coli Mutagenicity Test or Ames Test. (nih.gov)
  • The susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus to TiO 2 NPs, sorbic acid (SA), benzoic acid (BA), and β-Cyclodextrin-TiO 2 NPs including SA or BA, was studied. (cyclodextrinnews.com)
  • Sorbic acid occurs naturally in many plants. (cspinet.org)
  • It is made from sorbitol, a sugar alcohol, and stearic acid, which can be derived from either animal or plant sources. (caringconsumer.com)
  • Thankfully, ascorbic acid or erythorbic acid is now added to cured meats to prevent the formation of N-Nitrosamines. (askmen.com)
  • For the crystalline acid, I suggest the name "sorbic acid", whereby an old name of the malic acid that's found in rowan berries gains new meaning. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sorbic acid is a trans acid that occurs in crystalline form and is slightly soluble in water and soluble in ethanol. (padovanamacinazione.it)
  • It is a salt of sorbic acid, which is synthetically made and considered vegan. (caringconsumer.com)
  • It is effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and molds at acid pH values. (ashland.com)
  • 2001. Evaluation of benzene exposure in children living in Campania (Italy) by urinary trans,trans -muconic acid assay. (cdc.gov)
  • The Asia-Pacific muconic acid market is expected to grow at a rapid pace over the projected period, owing to rising product demand from the textile and automobile industries. (alliedmarketresearch.com)
  • The muconic acid market in China is a major industrial hub that will drive future product demand in this area. (alliedmarketresearch.com)
  • Product launches, acquisitions, and partnerships are among the leading players' growth tactics, all of which contribute to the global growth of the muconic acid market. (alliedmarketresearch.com)
  • Key players focusing on muconic acid, on the other hand, use product launch as a growth strategy to expand their market share. (alliedmarketresearch.com)