AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureHealth Care
Sodium HypochloriteRoot Canal IrrigantsDisinfectantsDental DisinfectantsHypochlorous AcidDisinfectionChlorhexidineDental Pulp CavityRoot Canal PreparationPeracetic AcidSmear LayerChlorine CompoundsDecontaminationAnti-Infective Agents, LocalChlorineSodiumPovidone-IodineDental Pulp NecrosisMaterials TestingDental InstrumentsDental Impression MaterialsDentinPeriapical PeriodontitisCalcium HydroxideProsthesis ColoringCitric AcidDenture CleansersEnterococcus faecalisRoot Canal Filling MaterialsPeriapical TissueGlutaralSterilizationCetrimonium CompoundsPorphyromonas endodontalisCetylpyridiniumCalcium SulfateCausticsImmersionTooth ApexPolysorbatesChemical ProcessesCalicivirus, FelineChloraminesRoot Canal ObturationColony Count, MicrobialTooth, DeciduousEquipment ContaminationEdetic AcidMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningGutta-PerchaOxidesDental CementsSodium ChannelsStainless SteelRoot Canal TherapyMicrobial ViabilitySurface PropertiesDental LeakageDental ModelsTherapeutic IrrigationSpores, BacterialDental MaterialsAcrylic ResinsIncisorDental Stress AnalysisTooth
Sodium Hypochlorite
It is used as an oxidizing and bleaching agent and as a disinfectant. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Root Canal Irrigants
Chemicals used mainly to disinfect root canals after pulpectomy and before obturation. The major ones are camphorated monochlorophenol, EDTA, formocresol, hydrogen peroxide, metacresylacetate, and sodium hypochlorite. Root canal irrigants include also rinsing solutions of distilled water, sodium chloride, etc.
Disinfectants
Substances used on inanimate objects that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity. Disinfectants are classed as complete, destroying SPORES as well as vegetative forms of microorganisms, or incomplete, destroying only vegetative forms of the organisms. They are distinguished from ANTISEPTICS, which are local anti-infective agents used on humans and other animals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)
Dental Disinfectants
Chemicals especially for use on instruments to destroy pathogenic organisms. (Boucher, Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)
Hypochlorous Acid
An oxyacid of chlorine (HClO) containing monovalent chlorine that acts as an oxidizing or reducing agent.
Disinfection
Rendering pathogens harmless through the use of heat, antiseptics, antibacterial agents, etc.
Chlorhexidine
A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.
Dental Pulp Cavity
The space in a tooth bounded by the dentin and containing the dental pulp. The portion of the cavity within the crown of the tooth is the pulp chamber; the portion within the root is the pulp canal or root canal.
Root Canal Preparation
Preparatory activities in ROOT CANAL THERAPY by partial or complete extirpation of diseased pulp, cleaning and sterilization of the empty canal, enlarging and shaping the canal to receive the sealing material. The cavity may be prepared by mechanical, sonic, chemical, or other means. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p1700)
Peracetic Acid
A liquid that functions as a strong oxidizing agent. It has an acrid odor and is used as a disinfectant.
Smear Layer
Adherent debris produced when cutting the enamel or dentin in cavity preparation. It is about 1 micron thick and its composition reflects the underlying dentin, although different quantities and qualities of smear layer can be produced by the various instrumentation techniques. Its function is presumed to be protective, as it lowers dentin permeability. However, it masks the underlying dentin and interferes with attempts to bond dental material to the dentin.
Chlorine Compounds
Inorganic compounds that contain chlorine as an integral part of the molecule.
Decontamination
The removal of contaminating material, such as radioactive materials, biological materials, or CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS, from a person or object.
Anti-Infective Agents, Local
Substances used on humans and other animals that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity. They are distinguished from DISINFECTANTS, which are used on inanimate objects.
Chlorine
A greenish-yellow, diatomic gas that is a member of the halogen family of elements. It has the atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 70.906. It is a powerful irritant that can cause fatal pulmonary edema. Chlorine is used in manufacturing, as a reagent in synthetic chemistry, for water purification, and in the production of chlorinated lime, which is used in fabric bleaching.
Sodium
A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.
Povidone-Iodine
An iodinated polyvinyl polymer used as topical antiseptic in surgery and for skin and mucous membrane infections, also as aerosol. The iodine may be radiolabeled for research purposes.
Dental Pulp Necrosis
Death of pulp tissue with or without bacterial invasion. When the necrosis is due to ischemia with superimposed bacterial infection, it is referred to as pulp gangrene. When the necrosis is non-bacterial in origin, it is called pulp mummification.
Materials Testing
The testing of materials and devices, especially those used for PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; SUTURES; TISSUE ADHESIVES; etc., for hardness, strength, durability, safety, efficacy, and biocompatibility.
Dental Instruments
Hand-held tools or implements especially used by dental professionals for the performance of clinical tasks.
Dental Impression Materials
Substances used to create an impression, or negative reproduction, of the teeth and dental arches. These materials include dental plasters and cements, metallic oxide pastes, silicone base materials, or elastomeric materials.
Dentin
The hard portion of the tooth surrounding the pulp, covered by enamel on the crown and cementum on the root, which is harder and denser than bone but softer than enamel, and is thus readily abraded when left unprotected. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)
Periapical Periodontitis
Inflammation of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE. It includes general, unspecified, or acute nonsuppurative inflammation. Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA. Suppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL ABSCESS.
Calcium Hydroxide
A white powder prepared from lime that has many medical and industrial uses. It is in many dental formulations, especially for root canal filling.
Prosthesis Coloring
Coloring, shading, or tinting of prosthetic components, devices, and materials.
Citric Acid
A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.
Denture Cleansers
Substances used to clean dentures; they are usually alkaline peroxides or hypochlorites, may contain enzymes and release oxygen. Use also for sonic action cleaners.
Enterococcus faecalis
A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria commonly isolated from clinical specimens and the human intestinal tract. Most strains are nonhemolytic.
Root Canal Filling Materials
Materials placed inside a root canal for the purpose of obturating or sealing it. The materials may be gutta-percha, silver cones, paste mixtures, or other substances. (Dorland, 28th ed, p631 & Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p187)
Periapical Tissue
Tissue surrounding the apex of a tooth, including the apical portion of the periodontal membrane and alveolar bone.
Glutaral
One of the protein CROSS-LINKING REAGENTS that is used as a disinfectant for sterilization of heat-sensitive equipment and as a laboratory reagent, especially as a fixative.
Sterilization
The destroying of all forms of life, especially microorganisms, by heat, chemical, or other means.
Cetrimonium Compounds
Cetyltrimethylammonium compounds that have cationic detergent, antiseptic, and disinfectant activities. They are used in pharmaceuticals, foods, and cosmetics as preservatives; on skin, mucous membranes, etc., as antiseptics or cleansers, and also as emulsifiers. These compounds are toxic when used orally due to neuromuscular blockade.
Porphyromonas endodontalis
A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus PORPHYROMONAS, family Porphyromonadaceae. It is a key pathogen in endodontic infections.
Cetylpyridinium
Cationic bactericidal surfactant used as a topical antiseptic for skin, wounds, mucous membranes, instruments, etc.; and also as a component in mouthwash and lozenges.
Calcium Sulfate
A calcium salt that is used for a variety of purposes including: building materials, as a desiccant, in dentistry as an impression material, cast, or die, and in medicine for immobilizing casts and as a tablet excipient. It exists in various forms and states of hydration. Plaster of Paris is a mixture of powdered and heat-treated gypsum.
Caustics
Strong alkaline chemicals that destroy soft body tissues resulting in a deep, penetrating type of burn, in contrast to corrosives, that result in a more superficial type of damage via chemical means or inflammation. Caustics are usually hydroxides of light metals. SODIUM HYDROXIDE and potassium hydroxide are the most widely used caustic agents in industry. Medically, they have been used externally to remove diseased or dead tissues and destroy warts and small tumors. The accidental ingestion of products (household and industrial) containing caustic ingredients results in thousands of injuries per year.
Immersion
The placing of a body or a part thereof into a liquid.
Tooth Apex
The tip or terminal end of the root of a tooth. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p62)
Polysorbates
Sorbitan mono-9-octadecanoate poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivatives; complex mixtures of polyoxyethylene ethers used as emulsifiers or dispersing agents in pharmaceuticals.
Chemical Processes
The reactions and interactions of atoms and molecules, the changes in their structure and composition, and associated energy changes.
Calicivirus, Feline
A species of the genus VESIVIRUS infecting cats. Transmission occurs via air and mechanical contact.
Chloramines
Root Canal Obturation
Phase of endodontic treatment in which a root canal system that has been cleaned is filled through use of special materials and techniques in order to prevent reinfection.
Colony Count, Microbial
Enumeration by direct count of viable, isolated bacterial, archaeal, or fungal CELLS or SPORES capable of growth on solid CULTURE MEDIA. The method is used routinely by environmental microbiologists for quantifying organisms in AIR; FOOD; and WATER; by clinicians for measuring patients' microbial load; and in antimicrobial drug testing.
Tooth, Deciduous
The teeth of the first dentition, which are shed and replaced by the permanent teeth.
Equipment Contamination
The presence of an infectious agent on instruments, prostheses, or other inanimate articles.
Edetic Acid
A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.
Gutta-Percha
Coagulated exudate isolated from several species of the tropical tree Palaquium (Sapotaceae). It is the trans-isomer of natural rubber and is used as a filling and impression material in dentistry and orthopedics and as an insulator in electronics. It has also been used as a rubber substitute.
Oxides
Binary compounds of oxygen containing the anion O(2-). The anion combines with metals to form alkaline oxides and non-metals to form acidic oxides.
Dental Cements
Substances used to bond COMPOSITE RESINS to DENTAL ENAMEL and DENTIN. These bonding or luting agents are used in restorative dentistry, ROOT CANAL THERAPY; PROSTHODONTICS; and ORTHODONTICS.
Sodium Channels
Ion channels that specifically allow the passage of SODIUM ions. A variety of specific sodium channel subtypes are involved in serving specialized functions such as neuronal signaling, CARDIAC MUSCLE contraction, and KIDNEY function.
Stainless Steel
Stainless steel. A steel containing Ni, Cr, or both. It does not tarnish on exposure and is used in corrosive environments. (Grant & Hack's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Root Canal Therapy
A treatment modality in endodontics concerned with the therapy of diseases of the dental pulp. For preparatory procedures, ROOT CANAL PREPARATION is available.
Microbial Viability
Ability of a microbe to survive under given conditions. This can also be related to a colony's ability to replicate.
Surface Properties
Characteristics or attributes of the outer boundaries of objects, including molecules.
Dental Leakage
The seepage of fluids, debris, and micro-organisms between the walls of a prepared dental cavity and the restoration.
Dental Models
Presentation devices used for patient education and technique training in dentistry.
Therapeutic Irrigation
The washing of a body cavity or surface by flowing water or solution for therapy or diagnosis.
Spores, Bacterial
Heat and stain resistant, metabolically inactive bodies formed within the vegetative cells of bacteria of the genera Bacillus and Clostridium.
Dental Materials
Materials used in the production of dental bases, restorations, impressions, prostheses, etc.
Acrylic Resins
Incisor
Any of the eight frontal teeth (four maxillary and four mandibular) having a sharp incisal edge for cutting food and a single root, which occurs in man both as a deciduous and a permanent tooth. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p820)
Dental Stress Analysis
The description and measurement of the various factors that produce physical stress upon dental restorations, prostheses, or appliances, materials associated with them, or the natural oral structures.
Tooth
One of a set of bone-like structures in the mouth used for biting and chewing.

A functional model for O-O bond formation by the O2-evolving complex in photosystem II. (1/341)

The formation of molecular oxygen from water in photosynthesis is catalyzed by photosystem II at an active site containing four manganese ions that are arranged in di-mu-oxo dimanganese units (where mu is a bridging mode). The complex [H2O(terpy)Mn(O)2Mn(terpy)OH2](NO3)3 (terpy is 2,2':6', 2"-terpyridine), which was synthesized and structurally characterized, contains a di-mu-oxo manganese dimer and catalyzes the conversion of sodium hypochlorite to molecular oxygen. Oxygen-18 isotope labeling showed that water is the source of the oxygen atoms in the molecular oxygen evolved, and so this system is a functional model for photosynthetic water oxidation.  (+info)

Factors affecting dimensional instability of alginate impressions during immersion in the fixing and disinfectant solutions. (2/341)

To clarify the factors determining the dimensional stability of alginate impressions during immersion in disinfectant and fixing solution, the weight change of impressions in solutions of glutaraldehyde (GA), NaClO, Na2SO4, K2SO4, CaCl2, and ZnSO4 was measured. In the nonelectrolytic solution, GA, the weight decreased in proportion to concentration, possibly due to the gradient of osmotic pressure between the impression and solution. In monovalent metallic salt solutions the weight change decreased with increased concentration. Especially at lower concentrations the rate of weight loss was high. A chemical action of the solution might also be involved, in addition to the osmotic pressure difference. The weight loss in divalent metallic salt solutions was greater than in monovalent solutions, implicating crosslinking reactions between the impression and solution.  (+info)

Changes in the orientation of collagen fibers on the superficial layer of the mouse tibial bone after denervation: scanning electron microscopic observations. (3/341)

This study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between the mechanical stress loaded onto the bone and the orientation of collagen fibers formed by osteoblasts. The femoral, obturator, and sciatic nerves in the left posterior legs of 7-week-old mice were exposed and electroscissored to reduce the mechanical stress loaded onto the leg. Four weeks after operation, the tibial bones in the control and denervated legs were removed and observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after NaOCl treatment. In the control right tibia, collagen fibers on the superficial bone matrix tended to be arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bone. However, the arrangement of collagen fibers in the left tibia, which were immobilized for 4 weeks by denervation, was disorganized and ran in random directions. The findings suggest that the direction of collagen fibers in the bone changes in response to the mechanical stress loaded onto the bone, probably due to changes in the activity of osteoblasts in the denervated leg.  (+info)

Escherichia coli resistance to chlorine and glutathione synthesis in response to oxygenation and starvation. (4/341)

Reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and resistance to chlorine were measured for two isogenic Escherichia coli strains stressed by oxygenation and/or starvation. The E. coli mutant deficient in GSH was not more sensitive to the oxidant than its parent strain when the bacteria were cultured with a low oxygenation rate. Starvation or oxygenation increased the resistance of the parent strain to chlorine, while the resistance of the deficient strain remained unchanged.  (+info)

Effects of chlorine, iodine, and quaternary ammonium compound disinfectants on several exotic disease viruses. (5/341)

The effects of three representative disinfectants, chlorine (sodium hypochlorite), iodine (potassium tetraglicine triiodide), and quaternary ammonium compound (didecyldimethylammonium chloride), on several exotic disease viruses were examined. The viruses used were four enveloped viruses (vesicular stomatitis virus, African swine fever virus, equine viral arteritis virus, and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus) and two non-enveloped viruses (swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) and African horse sickness virus (AHSV)). Chlorine was effective against all viruses except SVDV at concentrations of 0.03% to 0.0075%, and a dose response was observed. Iodine was very effective against all viruses at concentrations of 0.015% to 0.0075%, but a dose response was not observed. Quaternary ammonium compound was very effective in low concentration of 0.003% against four enveloped viruses and AHSV, but it was only effective against SVDV with 0.05% NaOH. Electron microscopic observation revealed the probable mechanism of each disinfectant. Chlorine caused complete degeneration of the viral particles and also destroyed the nucleic acid of the viruses. Iodine destroyed mainly the inner components including nucleic acid of the viruses. Quaternary ammonium compound induced detachment of the envelope of the enveloped viruses and formation of micelle in non-enveloped viruses. According to these results, chlorine and iodine disinfectants were quite effective against most of the viruses used at adequately high concentration. The effective concentration of quaternary ammonium compound was the lowest among the disinfectants examined.  (+info)

A method of decontaminating Strongyloides venezuelensis larvae for the study of strongyloidiasis in germ-free and conventional mice. (6/341)

To study the possible influence of intestinal micro-organisms on the course of strongyloidiasis in mice, a method was developed to obtain axenic infective larvae of Strongyloides venezuelensis. Cultured larvae from conventional mice were treated with sodium hypochlorite 0.25% for 10 min, washed in distilled water and then exposed to various combinations of antibiotics for 30 or 60 min. Success was achieved with a combination of penicillin 180 mg/L and ceftazidime 1 mg/ml. Decontamination of the larvae was determined by aerobic and anaerobic culture and by inoculation into gnotobiotic mice. Viability was established by subcutaneous inoculation of larvae into germ-free and conventional mice. Preliminary results showed that gnotobiotic mice were more susceptible than conventional mice to infection with axenic S. venezuelensis larvae as judged by faecal egg excretion, recovery of worms in the small intestine and histopathological examination of the duodenal mucosa. These results suggest that the normal intestinal flora protects the host against experimental infection with S. venezuelensis.  (+info)

Hypochlorite-induced alterations to canine serum complement. (7/341)

Changes in the concentration of the components of complement produced by NaOC1 both in vitro and in vivo are recorded. C1, C4 and C7 are particularly sensitive to this oxidizing agent, although all components decrease at high concentrations of NaOC1. Following oxidation, complement componenets return rapidly to normal. Data are presented to indicate that part of this repair mechanism is due to the action of reducing agents such as ascorbic acid and part is due to the synthesis of the individual components. The unique sensitivity of complement components to oxidation make this treatment of potential value in suppressing the inflammatory response.  (+info)

Effect of NaClO treatment on bonding to root canal dentin using a new evaluation method. (8/341)

The purposes of this study were to investigate the reliability and efficiency of a new evaluation method for resin bonding to root canal dentin, which measures both marginal adaptation and shear bond strength simultaneously, and to determine the effects of root canal irrigants on resin bonding. A wet bonding system (Single Bond) and a self-etching primer system (Clearfil Mega Bond) were employed; NaClO was used as a root canal irrigant. No gaps or changes in bond strength were observed despite the NaClO treatment when the wet bonding system was employed, while the gap formation ratio increased, and bond strength decreased with longer NaClO treatment time when the self-etching primer system was employed. These findings suggested that this new experimental method was effective for evaluating resin systems to the root canal wall dentin which is affected by irrigation with NaClO.  (+info)

sodium hypochlorite vs chlorine
Sodium hypochlorite is the main ingredient in household bleach as well as in some of the pool sanitizers you use. Sodium hypochlorite Sodium hypochlorite is chlorine gas dissolved in sodium hydroxide. Sodium hypochlorite disintegrates when heated or if it contacts acids, sunlight, certain metals, and poisonous and corrosive gases, including chlorine gas. Calcium hypochlorite is another low-cost chlorine solution, but it comes with the same issues that liquid chlorine has with a pH of 12, requiring additional treatment. A gallon of sodium hypochlorite (containing 2.34 pounds of solids) will add 12 ppm of FAC (Free Available Chlorine) to 10,000 gallons of water and will increase the TDS by 28 ppm. 1.Sodium hypochlorite , commonly called liquid bleach, is commercially available in strengths approximately 15% by weight. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is a solution made from reacting chlorine with a sodium hydroxide solution. Sodium hypochlorite, commonly referred to as Active chlorine released from ...
https://unionems.com/12z9wv/acd55c-sodium-hypochlorite-vs-chlorine
Effect of chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite on the dissolution of human pulp tissue - an in vitro study<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Effect of chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite on the dissolution of human pulp tissue - an in vitro study. AU - Singh, Sandeep. AU - Sinha, Ramen. AU - Kar, S. K.. AU - Ather, Amber. AU - Limaye, S. N.. PY - 2012/1/1. Y1 - 2012/1/1. N2 - Background: Organic tissue dissolution is an important property of an irrigant which aids in the success of root canal treatment. Recent studies have advocated the use of Chlorine dioxide as an endodontic irrigant. The aim of this study is to compare the dissolution efficacy of chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite on human pulp tissue. Methods: In this study, 2% Sodium hypochlorite, 5% Chlorine dioxide and isotonic saline solution (control) were used. Thirty human pulp tissue specimens were exposed to three test solutions (n = 10) for 30 min following which the loss of weight was compared from the original weight by using a digital analytical balance. Results: Sodium hypochlorite was more efficient in dissolving human pulp tissue when ...
https://manipal.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/effect-of-chlorine-dioxide-and-sodium-hypochlorite-on-the-dissolu
Sodium hypochlorite solution, Reagent grade, Available chlorine 10 to 15%, Honeywell 5L PLASTIC BOTTLE Sodium hypochlorite...Sodium hypochlorite solution, Reagent grade, Available chlorine 10 to 15%, Honeywell 5L PLASTIC BOTTLE Sodium hypochlorite...
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Sodium Hypochlorite Preparation System - Buy Price of sodium hypochlorite generator equipment, Tap water sodium hypochlorite...Sodium Hypochlorite Preparation System - Buy Price of sodium hypochlorite generator equipment, Tap water sodium hypochlorite...
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Sodium Hypochlorite Solution - Manufacturer from Navi MumbaiSodium Hypochlorite Solution - Manufacturer from Navi Mumbai
Manufacturer of Sodium Hypochlorite Solution - Aquaclore Sodium Hypochlorite Solution offered by Aarsha Chemicals Private Limited, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra
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sodium hypochlorite disinfectant in hospitalssodium hypochlorite disinfectant in hospitals
It is also for water treatment. 3. BASIS & PRESUMPTIONS : a. However, sodium hypochlorite is NOT effective in the disinfection of bacterial spores and prions. The effect of blood on the antiviral activity of sodium hypochlorite, a phenolic, and a quaternary ammonium compound. Det-Sol 5000 ® is recommended for dirty areas with a high risk of infection. While working with sodium hypochlorite, safety measures have to be taken to protect workers and the environment. Sodium hypochlorite is just one of the common chlorine disinfectants; chlorine gas (Cl 2 ) and solid calcium hypochlorite [Ca(OCl) 2 ] are two others. It is used in Dakins solution as well. ecommended the use of a 1:10 dilution of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) and water for routine environmental disinfection of rooms of patients with C. difficile when there is continued transmission 844, 848. MUMBAI: The BMCs insecticide branch in a departmental circular has advised that spraying with the disinfectant sodium ...
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SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTIONSODIUM HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTION
Chemical Inventory Status - Part 1\--------------------------------- Ingredient TSCA EC Japan Australia ----------------------------------------------- ---- --- ----- --------- Sodium Hypochlorite (as NaOCl) (7681-52-9) Yes Yes Yes Yes Water (7732-18-5) Yes Yes Yes Yes --------\Chemical Inventory Status - Part 2\--------------------------------- --Canada-- Ingredient Korea DSL NDSL Phil. ----------------------------------------------- ----- --- ---- ----- Sodium Hypochlorite (as NaOCl) (7681-52-9) Yes Yes No Yes Water (7732-18-5) Yes Yes No Yes --------\Federal, State & International Regulations - Part 1\---------------- -SARA 302- ------SARA 313------ Ingredient RQ TPQ List Chemical Catg. ----------------------------------------- --- ----- ---- -------------- Sodium Hypochlorite (as NaOCl) (7681-52-9) No No No No Water (7732-18-5) No No No No --------\Federal, State & International Regulations - Part 2\---------------- -RCRA- -TSCA- Ingredient CERCLA 261.33 8(d) ...
http://hazard.com/msds/mf/baker/baker/files/s4106.htm
Mechanism of action of sodium hypochloriteMechanism of action of sodium hypochlorite
Interpreting these chemical reactions, it can be observed that sodium hypochlorite acts as an organic and fat solvent degrading fatty acids, transforming them into fatty acid salts (soap) and glycerol (alcohol), that reduces the surface tension of the remaining solution (scheme 1 - saponification reaction).. Sodium hypochlorite neutralizes amino acids forming water and salt (scheme 2 - neutralization reaction). With the exit of hydroxyl ions, there is a reduction of pH. Hypochlorous acid, a substance present in sodium hypochlorite solution, when in contact with organic tissue acts as a solvent, releases chlorine that, combined with the protein amino group, forms chloramines (scheme 3 - chloramination reaction). Hypochlorous acid (HOCl-) and hypochlorite ions (OCl-) lead to amino acid degradation and hydrolysis.. The chloramination reaction between chlorine and the amino group (NH) forms chloramines that interfere in cell metabolism. Chlorine (strong oxidant) presents antimicrobial action ...
https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0103-64402002000200007&script=sci_arttext
Sodium hypochlorite as oxidant in phase transfer catalytic systems. Part I. Oxidation of aromatic aldehydes<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Sodium hypochlorite as oxidant in phase transfer catalytic systems. Part I. Oxidation of aromatic aldehydes. AU - Abramovici, Sara. AU - Neumann, Ronny. AU - Sasson, Yoel. PY - 1985. Y1 - 1985. N2 - Aromatic aldehydes were oxidized to carboxylic acids in high yields and selectivity under mild conditions. The reactions were performed using aqueous sodium hypochlorite as oxidant in a liquid-liquid phase transfer catalytic system using quaternary ammonium salts as catalysts. The reaction was strongly pH-dependent, with maximum reaction rates at pH 9-11. Similarly, extraction of the hypochlorite ion was maximal at these pHs. The maxima are attributed to coextraction of hypochlorous acid together with the hypochlorite anion into the organic phase, the former significantly increasing the reaction rate.. AB - Aromatic aldehydes were oxidized to carboxylic acids in high yields and selectivity under mild conditions. The reactions were performed using aqueous sodium hypochlorite as oxidant ...
https://sofi-northwestern.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/sodium-hypochlorite-as-oxidant-in-phase-transfer-catalytic-system-2
TTCS 1:2018, Sodium Hypochlorite Solution (Liquid Chlorine Bleach) - Compulsory Requirements | TTBSTTCS 1:2018, Sodium Hypochlorite Solution (Liquid Chlorine Bleach) - Compulsory Requirements | TTBS
This standard applies to sodium hypochlorite solution (liquid chlorine bleach) and outlines the compulsory requirements for this product as well as the mechanisms to demonstrate compliance to these requirements. It also includes measures to be taken in the event of non-compliance.. Status: Current , Published: 2018 , Replaces: TTS 58:2010. ...
https://gottbs.com/product/ttcs-12018-sodium-hypochlorite-solution-liquid-chlorine-bleach-compulsory-requirements/
Alternaria and Cladosporium Fungal Allergen Epitopes are Denatured by Sodium Hypochlorite | World Allergy Organization Journal ...Alternaria and Cladosporium Fungal Allergen Epitopes are Denatured by Sodium Hypochlorite | World Allergy Organization Journal ...
Sodium hypochlorite is the salt of hypochlorous acid that is one of the species present when hydrochloric acid is diluted in water. Strong concentrations of hydrochloric acid (6 M) are routinely employed in amino acid analysis [15] to completely destroy proteins breaking them into their individual amino acid constituents. Lower levels of hypochlorous acid produced when sodium hypochlorite is dissolved in water at millimolar concentrations are known to be strong sulfhydryl inhibitors inactivating enzymes containing sulfhydryl groups at concentrations less than 10 mM [16]. Although, the specific amount of damage done to protein material by hypochlorous acid depends ultimately on the ratio of the active oxygen intermediates produced and the moles of protein material present available to quench the free radical reaction [17]. Sodium hypochlorite has long been used in situations where denaturing proteins is desirable [18]. In this work we tested the hypothesis that low levels of hypochlorite can ...
https://waojournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1097/WOX.0b013e3181c4c98f
Sodium hypochlorite, 5% active chlorine, ACROS Organics™ 25mL; Plastic bottle Sodium hypochlorite, 5% active chlorine, ACROS...Sodium hypochlorite, 5% active chlorine, ACROS Organics™ 25mL; Plastic bottle Sodium hypochlorite, 5% active chlorine, ACROS...
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sodium hypochlorite topicalsodium hypochlorite topical
Sodium hypochlorite topical is an antibiotic that fights bacteria. Sodium hypochlorite topical is used to treat or prevent infections caused by cuts or abrasions, skin ulcers, pressure ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers, or surgery. Sodium hypochlorite topical may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
https://www.rexhealth.com/rh/health-library/document-viewer/?id=d01335a1
Sodium HypochloriteSodium Hypochlorite
Jual Produk Sodium Hypochlorite dari PT Perdana Mulia Jaya. PT Perdana Mulia Jaya menjual produk Sodium Hypochlorite dan juga Distributor bahan kimia, Caustic Soda Cair, Trichloroisocyanuric, Hidroclorid Acid, Hydroclorid Acid, Sodium Hypochlorite. Untuk penawaran dan permintaan, bisa klik ke tombol permintaan penawaran.
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Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite on Push-out Bond Strength of Four Calcium Silicate-based Endodontic Materials when used for...Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite on Push-out Bond Strength of Four Calcium Silicate-based Endodontic Materials when used for...
INTRODUCTION:. This study aimed to evaluate the push-out bond strength of NeoMTA Plus (NMTA), EndoSequence root repair material fast set putty (ERRMF), biodentine (BD), and ProRoot white mineral trioxide aggregate (PMTA) when used as perforation repair materials after exposure to 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) during the early setting phase.. METHODS:. Horizontal midroot sections were prepared from single-rooted human teeth. Sections (n = 144) were randomly divided into four groups: PMTA, BD, NMTA, and ERRMF. Materials were condensed and allowed to set for 10 minutes. The groups were further divided into two subgroups. The NaOCl group included specimens that were immersed in 2.5% NaOCl for 30 minutes, and the control group included specimens on which a wet cotton pellet was placed over the test material. After 48 hours, the highest force applied to the materials at the time of dislodgement was recorded. Slices were then examined under a digital microscope to evaluate the nature of the bond ...
https://www.avalonbiomed.com/effect-of-sodium-hypochlorite-on-push-out-bond-strength-of-four-calcium-silicate-based-endodontic-materials-when-used-for-repairing-perforations-on-human-dentin-an-in-vitro-evaluation-2/
Ingredients -- Sodium hypochloriteIngredients -- Sodium hypochlorite
Sodium hypochlorite is also used to disinfect water supplies and swimming pools, although calcium hypochlorite in powder or pellect form is also used, due to the convenience of the solid form. Sodium hypochlorite is too hygroscopic (it absorbs water from the air) to be used conveniently in solid form. ...
http://sci-toys.com/ingredients/sodium_hypochlorite.html
Comparison of efficacy of sodium hypochlorite with sodium perborate in removal of stains from heat-cured clear acrylic resin.<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Comparison of efficacy of sodium hypochlorite with sodium perborate in removal of stains from heat-cured clear acrylic resin.. AU - Mathai, Joseph Robin. AU - Sholapurkar, Amar A.. AU - Raghu, Aparna. AU - Shenoy, Revathi P.. AU - Mallya, H. Madhukar. AU - Pai, Keerthilatha M.. AU - DSouza, Mariette. PY - 2011/6/1. Y1 - 2011/6/1. N2 - Acrylic resin bases of removable dentures attract stains and odor-producing organic and inorganic deposits. The use of chemical denture cleanser soaks is the most popular method of denture cleansing. This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of two different denture cleansers--sodium perborate (Clinsodent) and sodium hypochlorite (VI-Clean)--in removing tea, coffee, turmeric and tobacco (paan) stains from heat-cured clear acrylic resins. Distilled water was used as a control. Both Clinsodent and VI-Clean were found to be the least effective in removing coffee stains and best for removing turmeric stain. It is necessary that the dental ...
https://manipal.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/comparison-of-efficacy-of-sodium-hypochlorite-with-sodium-perbora
Small Type Water Purification Sodium Hypochlorite Plant Of Chlorine Dosing System
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Titanium anode is used in sodium hypochlorite.-T&M Tech Metal Co.,Ltd
The titanium anode is used in the production of sodium hypochlorite, which has a better electrolytic effect than before, and the energy consumption is reduced by 10-20%. Sodium hypochlorite is a strong oxidizer and disinfectant
http://tmtechmetals.com/html_products/Titanium-anode-is-used-in-sodium-hypochlorite-99.html
Sodium Hypochlorite
Jual Produk Sodium Hypochlorite dari PT. Putra Muko Mandiri. PT. Putra Muko Mandiri menjual produk Sodium Hypochlorite dan juga Water treatment. Untuk penawaran dan permintaan, bisa klik ke tombol permintaan penawaran.
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0.8 % NaCIO Split Sodium Hypochlorite Generator with Long Life Service
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sodium hypochlorite - sodium hypochlorite Exporter, Importer, Manufacturer, Distributor, Supplier, Trading Company, Wholesaler,...sodium hypochlorite - sodium hypochlorite Exporter, Importer, Manufacturer, Distributor, Supplier, Trading Company, Wholesaler,...
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Balgo Manual Sanitizing Pump with Sodium Hypochlorite - TabletshabletBalgo Manual Sanitizing Pump with Sodium Hypochlorite - Tabletshablet
Balgo Manual Sanitizing Pump with Sodium Hypochlorite Combo helps sanitize large areas effectively with Sodium Hypochlorite safely.
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Residual antibacterial activity of a new modified sodium hypochlorite-based endodontic irrigation solutionResidual antibacterial activity of a new modified sodium hypochlorite-based endodontic irrigation solution
Objective: In this in vitro study the antibacterial substantivity of a new sodium hypochlorite-based root canal irrigant (Hypoclean) in bovine root dentin was investigated. Study Design: Ninety dentin tubes prepared from bovine incisor teeth were used. After contamination for 14 days with Enterococcus faecalis, the specimens were divided into five groups as follows: Hypoclean; Tetraclean; 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); infected dentin tubes (positive control); and sterile dentin tubes (negative control). Dentin chips were collected with round burs into tryptic soy broth and after culturing, the number of colony-forming units (CFU) was counted. Results: The number of CFU was minimum in the first cultures in all experimental groups, and the results obtained were significantly different from each other at any time period (P , 0.05). At all five experimental periods, the Tetraclean group showed the most effective antibacterial action (P , 0.05). Regular 5.25% NaOCl group showed the worst result ...
http://roderic.uv.es/handle/10550/60127
Jual AQUARIGHT Sodium Hypochlorite 12% Reverse Osmosis Chemicals / Kimia Reverse Osmosis
Sodium Hypochlorite atau Sodium HipokloritMembasmi bakteri dan mikroorganisme secara cepat (oxidator)ManfaatSodium Hypochlorite atau Sodium P793827
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Neurological complications following extrusion of sodium hypochlorite solution during root canal treatment - Witton - 2005 -...Neurological complications following extrusion of sodium hypochlorite solution during root canal treatment - Witton - 2005 -...
If you are a society or association member and require assistance with obtaining online access instructions please contact our Journal Customer Services team ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005.01017.x/pdf
Effect of Cyclic Compressive Loading on the Bond Strength of an Adhesive System to Dentin after Collagen RemovalEffect of Cyclic Compressive Loading on the Bond Strength of an Adhesive System to Dentin after Collagen Removal
The objective of this study was to verify the effect of cyclic compressive loading on the shear bond strength of an adhesive system following collagen removal. Sixty bovine teeth were divided into 4 groups based on the adhesive procedure used: groups 1 and 2 - etching with 35% phosphoric acid and application of the Single Bond adhesive system; groups 3 and 4 - after etching, a 10% sodium hypochlorite solution was applied for 1 min before the application of the adhesive. In all the specimens, a Z100 resin cylinder was built up over the bond area. Groups 2 and 4 were submitted to 500,000 cycles with a load of 100 N. The mean values for the shear bond test (MPa) were: group 1: 7.37 1.15; group 2: 5.72 1.66; group 3: 5.95 1.21; group 4: 3.66 1.12. There was no difference between groups 1 and 2 (p > 0.01). Between groups 1 and 3, 2 and 4, and 3 and 4 there was a significant difference (p < 0.01). The majority of the specimens demonstrated an adhesive failure. The application of sodium hypochlorite on ...
http://www.quintpub.com/journals/jad/abstract.php?iss2_id=803&article_id=9285&article=5&title=Effect%20of%20Cyclic%20Compressive%20Loading%20on%20the%20Bond%20Strength%20of%20an%20Adhesive%20System%20to%20Dentin%20after%20Collagen%20Removal
Sodium Hypochlorite, 12.5% - DAWN SCIENTIFIC INCSodium Hypochlorite, 12.5% - DAWN SCIENTIFIC INC
CAS Number: 7681-52-9 Molecular Formula: NaOCl Formula Weight: 74.44 Sodium Hypochlorite 12.5% to 15% Specifications: Typical Analysis Available Chlorine at
https://dawnscientific.com/product/sodium-hypochlorite-12-5/
Journal of Dental Research and Review - Effect of additives to sodium hypochlorite on pulp tissue dissolution and physico...Journal of Dental Research and Review - Effect of additives to sodium hypochlorite on pulp tissue dissolution and physico...
This is a temporary file and hence do not link it from a website, instead link the URL of this page if you wish to link the PDF file ...
http://www.jdrr.org/downloadpdf.asp?issn=2348-2915
Performance Plastic Wash Bottle, Sodium Hypochlorite (Bleach), 1000 ml - Eisco IndustrialPerformance Plastic Wash Bottle, Sodium Hypochlorite (Bleach), 1000 ml - Eisco Industrial
• 1000 ml low density polyethylene (LDPE) wash bottle• Eisco Labs exclusive Performance Plastic - thin wall design is very responsive, with smooth bounce back that wont get stiff over time• Innovative Flex Ink wont fade, crack or peel• 2 color label for Sodium Hypochlorite (Bleach) featuring chemical information as w
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Sodium Hypochlorite Generator equipment with Water treatment solutions for utility water treatment applications available in...Sodium Hypochlorite Generator equipment with Water treatment solutions for utility water treatment applications available in...
Results for sodium hypochlorite generator equipment with water treatment solutions for utility water treatment applications from CHLORINSITU and other leading brands. Compare and contact a supplier serving Mongolia on Environmental XPRT
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sodium hypochloritesodium hypochlorite
Sodium hypochlorite definition, a pale-green, crystalline compound, NaOCl, unstable in air, soluble in cold water, decomposes in hot water: used as a bleaching agent for paper and textiles, in water purification, in household use, and as a fungicide. See more.
http://www.dictionary.com/browse/sodium-hypochlorite
Global Sodium Hypochlorite Disinfection Market Size and Forecast to 2021 | Global Market Research ReportsGlobal Sodium Hypochlorite Disinfection Market Size and Forecast to 2021 | Global Market Research Reports
Sodium Hypochlorite Disinfection Report by Material, Application, and Geography - Global Forecast to 2021 is a professional and comprehensive research report on the worlds major regional market conditions, focusing on the main regions (North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific) and the main countries (United States, Germany, United Kingdom,Japan, South Korea and China).
http://www.gosreports.com/global-sodium-hypochlorite-disinfection-market-size-and-forecast-to-2021/
Aditya Birla Chemicals India | Products | Sodium hypochlorite
ABCIL manufactures high quality sodium hypochlorite which is used to make disinfectants and a variety of pharmaceutical drugs. The chemical is also widely used for water treatment.
http://adityabirlachemicalsindia.com/products/sodium_hypochlorite.html
A randomized study of sodium hypochlorite versus formocresol pulpotomy in primary molar teeth. | Docphin
PubMedID: 22502601 | A randomized study of sodium hypochlorite versus formocresol pulpotomy in primary molar teeth. | International journal of paediatric dentistry / the British Paedodontic Society [and] the International Association of Dentistry for Children | 3/1/2013
https://www.docphin.com/research/article-detail/1050237/PubMedID-22502601/A-randomized-study-of-sodium-hypochlorite-versus-formocresol-pulpotomy-in-primary-molar-teeth
Peach Bottom nuclear station reports Sodium Hypochlorite leak at water treatment facility - PennEnergy
Sodium Hypochlorite is widely used for bleaching purposes, and to treat water and wastewater. Peach Bottom nuclear power stations Unit 2 and Unit 3 use two General Electric boiling water nuclear reactors in which water, used as both a coolant and moderator, boils in the reactor core. The steam from the boiling water is then used to turn electrical turbine generators ...
http://www.pennenergy.com/articles/pennenergy/2011/01/peach-bottom-nuclear.html
Effects of Sodium Hypochlorite (Dakins Solution) on Cells of the Wound Module | JAMA Surgery | The JAMA NetworkEffects of Sodium Hypochlorite (Dakins Solution) on Cells of the Wound Module | JAMA Surgery | The JAMA Network
• This study investigates the effects of sodium hypochlorite, or Dakins solution (DS), on the function and viability of cells of the wound module (neutrophils,
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/article-abstract/593077?redirect=true
Effects Of Sodium Hypochlorite Essay Sample
Below given is a custom written essay sample on the effects of sodium hypochlorite in water treatment on chlorate, bromate and perchlorate.
https://www.learnlanguagesguide.com/effects-of-sodium-hypochlorite-essay-sample.htm
Biocidal Efficacy of Dissolved Ozone, Formaldehyde and Sodium Hypochlorite Against Total Planktonic Microorganisms in Produced...Biocidal Efficacy of Dissolved Ozone, Formaldehyde and Sodium Hypochlorite Against Total Planktonic Microorganisms in Produced...
Fulltext - Biocidal Efficacy of Dissolved Ozone, Formaldehyde and Sodium Hypochlorite Against Total Planktonic Microorganisms in Produced Water
https://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=jas.2008.860.865&org=11
Biocidal Efficacy of Dissolved Ozone, Formaldehyde and Sodium Hypochlorite Against Total Planktonic Microorganisms in Produced...Biocidal Efficacy of Dissolved Ozone, Formaldehyde and Sodium Hypochlorite Against Total Planktonic Microorganisms in Produced...
Abstract: Biocidal Efficacy of Dissolved Ozone, Formaldehyde and Sodium Hypochlorite Against Total Planktonic Microorganisms in Produced Water
https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=jas.2008.860.865
Khimprom PJSC - Sodium Hypochlorite Manufacturer & Exporters from Novocheboksarsk Russian FederationKhimprom PJSC - Sodium Hypochlorite Manufacturer & Exporters from Novocheboksarsk Russian Federation
Send Inquiry to Khimprom PJSC - We are leading Manufacturer of Sodium Hypochlorite, Repellent silicone fluid, Technical sodium Hydrosulfide, Scale Inhibitor DIFALON from Novocheboksarsk Russian Federation.
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Sodium hypochlorite 2% solution | LloydsPharmacySodium hypochlorite 2% solution | LloydsPharmacy
Great price on Sodium hypochlorite 2% solution. FREE delivery options available. Trusted service, convenient and safe shopping online
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SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE, 5% MSDS - NuVest ChemicalsSODIUM HYPOCHLORITE, 5% MSDS - NuVest Chemicals
Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Sodium hypochlorite: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 5800 mg/kg [Mouse]. 8910 mg/kg [Rat].. 3: Hazards Identification. Potential Acute Health Effects: Very hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, Hazardous in case of skin contact (corrosive), of eye contact (corrosive). Slightly hazardous in case of inhalation (lung sensitizer). Non-corrosive for lungs. Liquid or spray mist may produce tissue damage particularly on mucous membranes of eyes, mouth and respiratory tract. Skin contact may produce burns. Inhalation of the spray mist may produce severe irritation of respiratory tract, characterized by coughing, choking, or shortness of breath. Prolonged exposure may result in skin burns and ulcerations. Over-exposure by inhalation may cause respiratory irritation. Inflammation of the eye is characterized by redness, watering, and itching. Skin inflammation is characterized by itching, scaling, reddening, or, occasionally, ...
http://nuvestchem.com/sodium-hypochlorite-5-msds/
Solar Sodium Hypochlorite Generator equipment | Environmental XPRTSolar Sodium Hypochlorite Generator equipment | Environmental XPRT
Results for solar sodium hypochlorite generator equipment from leading brands. Compare and contact a supplier near you on Environmental XPRT
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Information Notice 2002-07: Use of Sodium Hypochlorite for Cleaning Diesel Fuel Oil Supply Tanks | NRC.govInformation Notice 2002-07: Use of Sodium Hypochlorite for Cleaning Diesel Fuel Oil Supply Tanks | NRC.gov
Sodium hypochlorite is generally available in two forms: as a commercial solution containing 12 to 15 trade percent available chlorine (a so-called bleaching solution), and as a household solution containing 5 trade percent chlorine. Trade percent is defined as the amount of chlorine, in grams, that is available for each 100 milliliters of sodium hypochlorite solution. Sodium hypochlorite is a strong oxidizer and, when mixed with organic materials such as diesel fuel oil, undergoes an exothermic reaction that generates heat and releases chlorine gas, sometimes violently. A solution with a concentration of 12 trade percent available chlorine can produce up to 1 pound of chlorine gas for each gallon of solution that reacts. Since fuel oil supply tanks are usually located underground and cleaning them may involve working in a confined space, this release could be harmful to the cleaning personnel. Licensees should take appropriate precautions to protect personnel.. Regulatory Guide 1.137 states ...
https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/gen-comm/info-notices/2002/in02007.html
Cytotoxicity assessment of 1% peracetic acid, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 17% EDTA on FG11 and FG15 human fibroblastsCytotoxicity assessment of 1% peracetic acid, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 17% EDTA on FG11 and FG15 human fibroblasts
TEIXEIRA, Pedro A et al. Cytotoxicity assessment of 1% peracetic acid, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 17% EDTA on FG11 and FG15 human fibroblasts. Acta odontol. latinoam. [online]. 2018, vol.31, n.1, pp.11-15. ISSN 1852-4834.. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of 2. 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 17% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), and 1% peracetic acid (PAA) on human fibroblasts. FG11 and FG15 cell lines were cultured in 24-well cell culture plates for cell proliferation assessment and 96-well cell culture plates for the methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay; Dulbeccos modified Eagles medium (DMEM) was used as control data. The experimental solutions were used at 0. 01%, 0. 05%, and 0. 1% dilutions and assessed at 1-, 2-, and 4-hour intervals. Data were subjected to statistical analysis by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Bonferroni test at a significance level of p ,0. 05. The assessment of cell proliferation in this ...
http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1852-48342018000100002&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=en
Global and Chinese Sodium hypochlorite generator Industry, 2018 Market Research ReportGlobal and Chinese Sodium hypochlorite generator Industry, 2018 Market Research Report
Global and Chinese Sodium hypochlorite generator Industry, 2018 Market Research Report The Global and Chinese Sodium hypochlorite generator Industry, 2013-2023 Market Research Report is a - Market research report and industry analysis - 11399035
https://www.marketresearch.com/Prof-Research-v4036/Global-Chinese-Sodium-hypochlorite-generator-11399035/
Inhibitory activity of root canal irrigants against Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureusInhibitory activity of root canal irrigants against Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus
Introduction. Microorganisms are the major causative factor associated with endodontic treatment failure.1,2 The success of endodontic treatment depends on the reduction or elimination of bacteria present in the root canal system. Residual pulpal tissue, bacteria, and dentine debris may persist in the irregularities of root canal systems, even after meticulous mechanical preparation.3 Therefore, irrigant solutions should be used in combination with canal preparation.4-6 Root canal irrigants are used during chemomechanical procedures not only as antimicrobial agents but also to flush out loose debris, to lubricate the dentinal walls, and to dissolve organic compounds in the canal.7, 8 Chemomechanical preparation is one of the most important phases of endodontic treatment and irrigants such as sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), citric acid, and ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) are commonly used. The efficacy of these procedures also depends upon the vulnerability of the species involved.9 Many ...
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-83242010000400006&lng=en&nrm=iso
Caustic soda flake | petrocsc | Chemical Supplying Company | hypochlorite Sodium 220 literCaustic soda flake | petrocsc | Chemical Supplying Company | hypochlorite Sodium 220 liter
vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) Sodium Hypochlorite As the only specialized manufacturer of Sodium hypochlorite In Iran, we focus their expertise to prepare products with best quality and stability and by introducing Rapid Batch method is able to supply this.... Read more ... ...
http://petrocsc.com/project-tag/hypochlorite-sodium-220-liter/
Assessment of sodium thiosulfate neutralizing effect on micro-hardness of dentin treated with sodium hypochlorite | Research...Assessment of sodium thiosulfate neutralizing effect on micro-hardness of dentin treated with sodium hypochlorite | Research...
Background: This study aims to evaluate the ability of sodium thiosulfate (STS) to neutralize the adverse effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on dentin micro-hardness.Methods: Fifty single-rooted teeth were longitudinally sectioned. The samples divide...
https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-44950/v3
Wholesale MOTTO 2020 OEM ODM homemade sodium hypochlorite disinfection water generator hypochlorous acid disinfection water...Wholesale MOTTO 2020 OEM ODM homemade sodium hypochlorite disinfection water generator hypochlorous acid disinfection water...
Wholesale MOTTO 2020 OEM ODM homemade sodium hypochlorite disinfection water generator hypochlorous acid disinfection water maker from Shenzhen Motto Electronics Co., Ltd. on m.alibaba.com
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Processing Systems, Safety, & Handling Equipment for Sodium Hypochlorite, Chlorine, Ammonia, Phosgene, Sulfur Dioxide,...Processing Systems, Safety, & Handling Equipment for Sodium Hypochlorite, Chlorine, Ammonia, Phosgene, Sulfur Dioxide,...
Powell Fabrication is the worlds leading supplier of equipment to produce, filter, dilute, store, monitor, unload and load sodium hypochlorite, chlorine, sodium hydroxide, ammonia, sulfur dioxide, methanol, and other hazardous chemicals.
https://www.powellfab.com/products.aspx
How to convert sodium hypochlorite to sodium chlorate? | Naked Science ForumHow to convert sodium hypochlorite to sodium chlorate? | Naked Science Forum
Ive readed an article that told about converting bleach to explosive thing. It gave advice to heat sodium hypochlorite to get sodium chlorate. But, what tem...
https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/index.php?topic=24947.msg269520
Bid Opportunity: LIQUID SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE (LESS THAN 400 GAL DELIVERED)Bid Opportunity: LIQUID SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE (LESS THAN 400 GAL DELIVERED)
Government Bid Opportunity: LIQUID SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE (LESS THAN 400 GAL DELIVERED). Access many more Chemicals / Fuel / Oils Bids | Get your Free Government Bids Alert!
http://www.governmentbids.com/government-bid-opportunity-public-6659654-en.jsa
Sodium hypochlorite definition | Drugs.comSodium hypochlorite definition | Drugs.com
Definition of sodium hypochlorite. Provided by Stedmans medical dictionary and Drugs.com. Includes medical terms and definitions.
https://www.drugs.com/dict/sodium-hypochlorite.html
On the suppression of cathodic hypochlorite reduction by electrolyte additions of molybdate and chromate ionsOn the suppression of cathodic hypochlorite reduction by electrolyte additions of molybdate and chromate ions
The goal of this study was to gain a better understanding of the feasibility of replacing Cr(VI) in the chlorate process by Mo(VI), focusing on the cathode reaction selectivity for hydrogen evolution on steel and titanium in a hypochlorite containing electrolyte. To evaluate the ability of Cr(VI) and Mo(VI) additions to hinder hypochlorite reduction, potential sweep experiments on rotating disc electrodes and cathodic current efficiency (CE) measurements on stationary electrodes were performed. Formed electrode films were investigated with scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Cathodic hypochlorite reduction is hindered by the Mo-containing films formed on the cathode surface after Mo(VI) addition to the electrolyte, but much less efficient compared to Cr(VI) addition. Very low levels of Cr(VI), in the mM range, can efficiently suppress hypochlorite reduction on polished titanium and steel. Phosphate does not negatively influence the CE in the presence of Cr(VI) ...
http://kth.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:576734
Caustic soda flake | petrocsc | Chemical Supplying Company | hypochlorideCaustic soda flake | petrocsc | Chemical Supplying Company | hypochloride
vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) Sodium Hypochlorite As the only specialized manufacturer of Sodium hypochlorite In Iran, we focus their expertise to prepare products with best quality and stability and by introducing Rapid Batch method is able to supply this.... Read more ... ...
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Buy Root Canal irrigants l Online at Pinkblue.inBuy Root Canal irrigants l Online at Pinkblue.in
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https://pinkblue.in/endodontics/rc-irrigants-root-repair/root-canal-irrigants.html
Effect of 5.25%NaOCl Irrigation on the Microhardness of Root Dentin with Two Different Types of Instrumentation--《Journal of...Effect of 5.25%NaOCl Irrigation on the Microhardness of Root Dentin with Two Different Types of Instrumentation--《Journal of...
Objective: To compare root-dentin microhardness after instrumentation with two types of files and irrigating with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. Methods: Twenty-nine roots were involved in this experiment. 8 roots with the pulp extirpated followed irrigation only. 16 roots were instrumented with stainless steel K files and rotary nickel-titanium files respectively, each followed with irrigation. 5 roots had the pulp extirpated as the contrast. The roots were sliced and root-dentin microhardness was measured. Results: Sodium hypochlorite irrigation decreased root-dentin microhardness. Significant differences were found between the microhardness at depths of 500 μm and 1 000 μm from the pulp-dentin interface in all roots. Instrumentation with SS K file affected dentin microhardness significantly to a lesser extent than instrumentation with Ni-Ti files did. Conclusion: Instrumentation and NaOCl irrigation affect microhardness of dentine. Ni-Ti instrument decreases the influence of irrigation on root canal
http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-HBYK200504026.htm
Calcium and Sodium Hypochlorites Market in Austria: Business Report 2017Calcium and Sodium Hypochlorites Market in Austria: Business Report 2017
This report is a comprehensive research of hypochlorites market in Austria. The report starts with giving brief country profile for Austria, including
https://marketpublishers.com/report/industry/chemicals_petrochemicals/calcium_n_sodium_hypochlorites_market_in_austria_business_report.html
Viruses | Free Full-Text | Effectiveness of Four Disinfectants against Ebola Virus on Different MaterialsViruses | Free Full-Text | Effectiveness of Four Disinfectants against Ebola Virus on Different Materials
The West Africa Ebola virus (EBOV) outbreak has highlighted the need for effective disinfectants capable of reducing viral load in a range of sample types, equipment and settings. Although chlorine-based products are widely used, they can also be damaging to equipment or apparatus that needs continuous use such as aircraft use for transportation of infected people. Two aircraft cleaning solutions were assessed alongside two common laboratory disinfectants in a contact kill assay with EBOV on two aircraft relevant materials representative of a porous and non-porous surface. A decimal log reduction of viral titre of 4 is required for a disinfectant to be deemed effective and two of the disinfectants fulfilled this criteria under the conditions tested. One product, Ardrox 6092, was found to perform similarly to sodium hypochlorite, but as it does not have the corrosive properties of sodium hypochlorite, it could be an alternative disinfectant solution to be used for decontamination of EBOV on sensitive
http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/8/7/185
Effects of Contact Time and Concentration on Bactericidal Efficacy of Three Disinfectants on Hard Nonporous Surfaces | Diversey...Effects of Contact Time and Concentration on Bactericidal Efficacy of Three Disinfectants on Hard Nonporous Surfaces | Diversey...
Diverseys Peter Teska, along with other industry experts, investigates the influence of contact time and concentration on bactericidal efficacy of Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide, Quats and Sodium Hypochlorite on stainless steel surfaces.
https://www.diversey.com/news/effects-contact-time-and-concentration-bactericidal-efficacy-three-disinfectants-hard-nonporous
Available Chlorine QuestionAvailable Chlorine Question
I just bought a case (4 gals) of Liquid Chlorine from Rural King for $10.00. The label reads as follows: Available Chlorine - 15%. Sodium Hypochlorite - 12.5%. Which description do I use when adding Chlorine to my pool? Is it 15% or the 12.5%. Second Question: The pool calculator lets me input the 15% reading up in the FC column, but it does not give me the 15% option down in the Effects of adding chemicals; thus, I am assuming that I should use the Available Chlorine option at the 12.5%
http://www.troublefreepool.com/threads/57321-Available-Chlorine-Question
DisinfectionDisinfection
Electrochlorination: Produce your own sodium hypochlorite solution (NaClO) from the electrolysis of common salt (sodium chloride NaCl) in a salt and water (H2O) solution. Chlorine Dioxide: Ideal application areas include combating germs and pathogens, such as legionella in building installations, disinfecting cooling water systems industrial processes.. ...
https://wesdp.com/product-category/disinfection
SafeGuard+ Premium Bleach 7% Chlorine - Platinum Health Supply GroupSafeGuard+ Premium Bleach 7% Chlorine - Platinum Health Supply Group
Platinum Health Supply Groups Range of Safe Guard Cleaning Chemicals offers affordable and comfortable protection in all environments. Safe Guard Premium Bleach 7% Chlorine is a powerful general-purpose disinfecting Bleach containing 7% available chlorine. Safe Guard Premium Bleach 7% Chlorine is a strong bleach solution that is commonly used as an all-purpose cleaner and sanitiser. Areas for use: Bleach in its purest form, a strong sanitiser for tough stains. Safe Guard Premium Bleach 7% Chlorine can be used in liquid feed laundry systems such as bleach, and stain remover for whites. Sodium Hypochlorite is used for the removal of stains from laundry, it is particularly effective on cotton fibre, cleans & disinfects large areas. Areas NOT* for use: Nylon Rayon Silk Wool Non-Colour fast articles Leather Silver Product Size: Safe Guard Premium Bleach 7% Chlorine 5 litre Safe Guard Premium Bleach 7% Chlorine 20 litre General Features: Superior Quality Bulk Refill packaging  Australian Made 
https://www.platinumhealthsupply.com.au/products/safe-guard-premium-bleach-7-chlorine
Electrochlorination - WikipediaElectrochlorination - Wikipedia
Electrochlorination is the process of producing hypochlorite by running an electric current through salt water. This is used to disinfect water and make it safe for human use, such as for drinking water or swimming pools. The processes involved in electrochlorination are actually rather simple. The main idea involved is the electrolysis of water to produce a chlorinated solution. This happens when saltwater is inserted into electrolyzer cells. The first step is removing the solid excess from the saltwater. Next, as the saltwater runs it is streamed through a channel of decreasing thickness. One side of the channel is a cathode, the other is an anode. As the water flows through the anode/cathode channel, a low voltage DC currents applied. When this happens, the electrolysis is triggered and sodium hypochlorite is instantly produced as well as hydrogen gas (H2). The hydrogen rich sodium hypochlorite then travels to a tank that removes the hydrogen gas. The dehydrogenization mechanism varies from ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochlorination
Type 8232 - Chlorine SensorType 8232 - Chlorine Sensor
The 8232 from Bürkert is an electrochemical sensor designed for the measurement of the free chlorine concentration generated from inorganic sources (chlorine gas, sodium hypochlorite solution,...). Type 8232 offer a range of three models: • the
https://www.burkert.co.za/en/type/8232
Disinfectant
84 disinfectant is a chlorine-containing disinfectant with sodium hypochlorite as the main component, mainly used for disinfection of object surface and environment. Sodium hypochlorite has strong oxidation, can hydrolyze to produce hypochlorous acid with strong oxidation, can oxidize substances with reducibility, so that microorganisms eventually lose function, unable to reproduce or infection.. ...
http://iphone5web.nl/Disinfectant.html
First Report of Sclerotium Rot Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii on Yacón in South KoreaFirst Report of Sclerotium Rot Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii on Yacón in South Korea
Yacón, or ground apple (Smallanthus sonchifolius), is a perennial plant grown in the northern and central Andes from Colombia to northern Argentina for its crisp, sweet, and tuberous roots. In 2012, yacóns cultivated in the research field of the Gyeongsangnam-do Agriculture and Extension Services, Jinju, South Korea, suddenly died. The characteristic symptoms consisted of rotting, wilting, and blighting. Initial symptoms included water-soaked lesions on lower stem tissue near the soil line. Infected plants gradually withered, and white mycelial mats and sclerotia appeared on the surface of roots and stems at the soil line. The sclerotia were collected and disinfested by immersion in 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 30 s and in sterilized distilled water for 1 min. Then, the sclerotia were placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 30°C. Numerous globoid sclerotia were formed on PDA after 18 days of growth. The sclerotia (1 to 3 mm in diameter) were white at first and then ...
http://www.apsnet.org/publications/plantdisease/2014/October/Pages/98_10_1443.2.aspx
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE IN MINERALIZATION OF THE CRAYFISH CUTICLE » Brill OnlineCARBONIC ANHYDRASE IN MINERALIZATION OF THE CRAYFISH CUTICLE » Brill Online
The cuticle of the freshwater crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852), has several extracellular, cuticular isozymes for carbonic anhydrase (CA) which were isolated and purified via affinity chromatography. To denature proteins not entombed in cuticle calcite the ground cuticle was washed twice with both a 0.5% SDS and 1.5% sodium hypochlorite solution prior to CA isolation. Total water soluble protein (WSP) was 133 ± 68 (SD) mg/100 g (6) cuticle, whereas affinity column bound protein, CA, was 191 ± 108 (SD) μg/100 g (6) cuticle. CA was 0.144% WSP. EDTA dissolved the calcium carbonate and freed the CA along with the other WSP. The CA fraction was positive to bovine CA II antibodies (ELIZA and Western Blot) and had low CA enzyme activity. The estimated molecular weights using PAGE showed one isozyme with a molecular weight of 29 kDa, which is similar to that in vertebrates, and two larger isozymes (53 and 66 kDa). All four isozymes were detected in only one sample, whereas the two larger isozymes
http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/10.1163/156854002763270473
Hypochlorite Application for Controlling Algae Biofilm Formation, Microorganisms and Tomato Production in Recirculating Systems...Hypochlorite Application for Controlling Algae Biofilm Formation, Microorganisms and Tomato Production in Recirculating Systems...
Physical and chemical disinfection methods are used or are under investigation in greenhouse facilities to minimize the occurrence of pathogens and the application of pesticides in recirculating systems. Since the most of these methods differ in their effectiveness, more investigation is needed to produce healthy plants in a sustainable way. Therefore, the present study is focused on the identification of interactions between hypochlorite (ClO−) used as a disinfectant for a recirculating system and algae formation, spread of microorganisms, as well as plant development. As such, on-site produced potassium hypochlorite (1 % KClO) solution were supplemented using proportional injection control once a week for 90 min, as a disinfectant, into a recirculating tomato production system (NFT) until a free chlorine concentration of 1 mg L−1 (D I) and 2 mg L−1 (D II) were reached, respectively.. The formation of the algae biofilm was reduced by 15 % (D I) and 48 % (D II). These treatments also ...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10343-015-0351-3
Hypochlorous Acid vs Sodium Hypochlorite | KTCC
HOCL is a natural, our internal immune system and is produced in small amounts in our white blood cells as a component that works to fight against pathogens and reduce inflammation.. When our body comes under attack from invading bacteria and viruses, the bodys immune system immediately responds by sending white blood cells called Neutrophil to the invasion site. Once activated, these cells produce substantial quantities of Hypochlorous acid (HOCL) a chemical that is acknowledged to be among the most potent natural disinfectants, highly effective in eliminating all invading microbes and pathogens, yet it remains non-toxic to humans and other mammals ...
http://medicleanatoz.com/es/hypochlorous-acid/
RE: [Histonet] THE IRON STAIN FOR ASBESTOS BODIES
The following works quite well: USE OF CELLULOSE MEMBRANE FILTERS TO DETECT ASBESTOS IN SPUTUM SPECIMENS REFERENCE: Pelosi et al (1990) Acta Cytolog 34(4):588-590. PRINCIPLE: Pelosi et al (1990) found that the total number of asbestos bodies and fibres per specimen was twice as high on the membrane filters as on conventionally stained PAP smears. The Perls stain allows one to identify only the coated fibres (asbestos bodies and/or true ferruginous bodies) not the uncoated fibres. Not all ferruginous bodies have an asbestos fibre core (eg fibrous glass, aluminium silicate, silicon carbide, talc, titanium oxide and erionite) but can give a positive Perls reaction. They lack an asbestos fibre core. SOLUTIONS: 1. 10% Sodium Hypochlorite (7% active chlorine) METHOD: 1. Dissolve sputum in 10-15ml 10% sodium hypochlorite. 2. Filter resultant solution using positive pressure (syringe technique) onto a cellulose nitrate membrane. 3. Examine filters under the microscope. RESULTS: Only bodies with ...
http://www.histosearch.com/histonet/Jun08A/RE.HistonetTHEIRONSTAINFO.html
Echinococcus granulosus Accu-Tell COVID-19 Rapid Test - Gentaur OnlineEchinococcus granulosus Accu-Tell COVID-19 Rapid Test - Gentaur Online
Sodium hypochlorite (0.5-0.7%) was used for the hatching course of, and the hatched oncospheres have been stained with 0.1% eosin for the viability check. With 0.5% sodium hypochlorite, the hatching charges for viable eggs and eggs killed or broken by warmth (69°C), 70% ethyl alcohol, and direct daylight have been 96%, 97.5%, 91.5%, and 94.6% respectively and there was no important Accu-Tell COVID-19 distinction between the hatching charge for viable and lifeless or broken eggs (p,, 0.05). After staining with 0.1% eosin, the charges of the viable oncospheres hatched from viable eggs and the eggs killed or broken by warmth (69°C), 70% ethyl alcohol, and direct daylight have been 97.5% 3.6%, 7%, and 10.5%, respectively Accu-Tell COVID-19. The distinction between the charges of viable oncospheres hatched from viable and lifeless or broken eggs was extraordinarily important (P , 0.0001 ...
https://gentaur-online.com/echinococcus-granulosus-accu-tell-covid-19-rapid-test/
Sodium hypochlorite,Clor Líquid, flocculants, algae,ph,brom,salt | LINDAMERSodium hypochlorite,Clor Líquid, flocculants, algae,ph,brom,salt | LINDAMER
Productes i accessoris per la neteja i desinfecció de piscines. Accessoris i complements. Algicides, flocculants, equips danàlisi. Piscines Girona
https://lindamer.com/productes/divisio-piscines/?lang=en
Malathion & Calcium Hypochlorite - Malathion Dust Manufacturer from BengaluruMalathion & Calcium Hypochlorite - Malathion Dust Manufacturer from Bengaluru
Manufacturer of Malathion & Calcium Hypochlorite - Malathion Dust, Liquid Calcium Hypochlorite offered by NM Enterprises, Bengaluru, Karnataka.
https://www.nmenterprises.in/malathion-calcium-hypochlorite.html
The 2018-2023 World Outlook for Household Dry Chlorine and Other Inorganic Bleaching Compounds (calcium Hypochlorite, Etc., 50...The 2018-2023 World Outlook for Household Dry Chlorine and Other Inorganic Bleaching Compounds (calcium Hypochlorite, Etc., 50...
The 2018-2023 World Outlook for Household Dry Chlorine and Other Inorganic Bleaching Compounds (calcium Hypochlorite, Etc., 50 Percent or More Available Chlorine or Equivalent Oxidizing - Market research report and industry analysis - 10666671
https://www.marketresearch.com/Icon-Group-International-Inc-v609/Outlook-Household-Dry-Chlorine-Inorganic-10666671/
Characterization of volatile fatty-acid utilization in Escherichia coli aiming for robust valorisation of food residues | AMB...Characterization of volatile fatty-acid utilization in Escherichia coli aiming for robust valorisation of food residues | AMB...
Valorisation of food residues would greatly benefit from development of robust processes that create added value compared to current feed- and biogas applications. Recent advances in membrane-bioreactor-based open mixed microbial cultures, enable robust conversion of fluctuating streams of food residues to a mixture of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). In this study, such a mixed stream of VFAs was investigated as a substrate for Escherichia coli, a well-studied organism suitable for application in further conversion of the acids into compounds of higher value, and/or that are easier to separate from the aqueous medium. E. coli was cultured in batch on a VFA-rich anaerobic digest of food residues, tolerating up to 40 mM of total VFAs without any reduction in growth rate. In carbon-limited chemostats of E. coli W3110 ΔFadR on a simulated VFA mixture, the straight-chain VFAs (C2-C6) in the mixture were readily consumed simultaneously. At a dilution rate of 0.1 h−1, mainly acetic-, propionic- and caproic
https://amb-express.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13568-020-01121-4
Spraying of disinfectant on people physically and psychologically harmful: Health ministry - The Economic TimesSpraying of disinfectant on people physically and psychologically harmful: Health ministry - The Economic Times
The ministry said it has received many queries regarding the efficacy (if any) of use disinfectants such as sodium hypochlorite spray used over individuals to disinfect them.
https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/spraying-of-disinfectant-on-people-physically-and-psychologically-harmful-health-ministry/articleshow/75226204.cms?from=mdr
Visualization and quantification of healthy and carious dentin structure using confocal laser scanning microscopy | (1996) |...Visualization and quantification of healthy and carious dentin structure using confocal laser scanning microscopy | (1996) |...
In this study, a fluorescence technique was developed for visualization of dentin using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Eighteen extracted human teeth were used: 13 showing no clinical signs of caries and 5 with visually apparent decay. Preliminary study: All teeth were horizontally sectioned to approx. 200 micrometers thickness and pre-treated as follows: no pretreatment; vacuum only; ultrasonication only; sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) only; vacuum and NaOCl; ultrasonication and NaOCl; or vacuum, ultrasonication and NaOCl. Samples were stained with Rhodamine 123 fluorescent dye at a concentration of 10-5 M in phosphate buffer saline for 1 to 24 hours. Caries study: Dentin surfaces, some with pre-existing caries, were visualized using CLSM. Most dentin tubules in sound dentin appeared open using CLSM, but most dentin tubules in carious dentin appeared closed or narrowed. Surface images obtained using CLSM were similar to those seen by SEM, but additional subsurface imaging was possible ...
http://spie.org/Publications/Proceedings/Paper/10.1117/12.238754
COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING OR TREATING LIVER DISEASES, CONTAINING PLANT STEM CELL LINES DERIVED FROM THE CAMBIUM OF PANAX...COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING OR TREATING LIVER DISEASES, CONTAINING PLANT STEM CELL LINES DERIVED FROM THE CAMBIUM OF PANAX...
0049] (1) A of FIG. 1(a) shows the typical feature of wild ginseng used in the present invention. In order to use the main root of wild ginseng, the main root was washed with running water to remove earth or other contaminants from the surface thereof, and the surface of the main root was washed with a liquid detergent. Then, the main root was allowed to stand under running water. The washed root tissue was placed in a sterilized flask in a clean bench and disinfected with 70% ethanol for a time ranging from about 30 seconds to about 1 minute. Then, it was rinsed with sterile distilled water and treated with a disinfectant solution containing 1-1.5% sodium hypochlorite (Junsei, Japan) for about 5-15 minutes. At this time, in order to allow the disinfectant solution to effectively penetrate into the tissue, several drops of TWEEN 20 (polyoxyethylenesorbitan monolaurate, Junsei, Japan) were added. Following this, the tissue was rinsed 3-5 times with sterile water. In order to prevent browning of ...
http://www.patentsencyclopedia.com/app/20130202631
Our Patented TANCS® Technology - Advanced Vapor TechnologiesOur Patented TANCS® Technology - Advanced Vapor Technologies
For years, bleach (sodium hypochlorite) has been mistakenly associated with an absolutely clean and disinfected surface. Today, scientists are becoming more aware of the limitations of chemical disinfectants and sanitizers. Recent studies investigating biofilms (microbe colonies present on many pieces of food processing equipment, for example) reveal that 60 minutes of exposure to bleach leaves as many live cells as dead cells in the biofilm matrix. This leads to rapid recolonization of the surface.. Studies show that sufficient heat as is present in the TANCS® steam vapor system will travel through the biofilm and kill the cells that are unreachable by the surface application of a germicide. All without degrading the surface youre cleaning or impairing the air youre breathing while youre doing it!. Benefits of TANCS® steam vapor technology:. ...
https://www.advap.com/our-patented-tancs-technology/
CLOTHESLINE FRESH CHLORINE BLEACH
Clothesline Fresh Chlorine Bleach is a chlorine-based bleach that enhances the performance of Clothesline Fresh Laundry Detergents and aids in the removal of tough stains. Formulated with the power of sodium hypochlorite, an inorganic chlorine source, whi
http://cajunchemical.com/index.php?page=shop.product_details&flypage=flypage.tpl&product_id=350&category_id=54&option=com_virtuemart&Itemid=80
How to Make hydrazine sulfate with the hypochlorite and the Ketazine process « Science Experiments :: WonderHowToHow to Make hydrazine sulfate with the hypochlorite and the Ketazine process « Science Experiments :: WonderHowTo
Hydrazine sulfate has many uses, but most notably, its been used under the trade name of Sehydrin, a treatment for anorexia, cachexia and some even think cancer. But for we DIY chemists, its useful for something entirely different- as a substitute for the more dangerous pure liquid hydrazine in chemical reactions. NurdRage shows you how to make it via some hypochlorite and the Ketazine process. Warning: The reaction produces toxic gases and products and uses corrosive chemicals; gloves must be worn. Simply adding in a stoichiometric amount of base will release the hydrazine in-site and
https://science.wonderhowto.com/how-to/make-hydrazine-sulfate-with-hypochlorite-and-ketazine-process-410397/
Colorimetric detection of hypochlorite based on the morphological changes of silver nanoprisms to spherical nanoparticles -...Colorimetric detection of hypochlorite based on the morphological changes of silver nanoprisms to spherical nanoparticles -...
In this work, we have developed a simple, rapid, sensitive and selective colorimetric method for the quantitative determination of hypochlorite (ClO−) ions by using triangular silver nanoprisms (AgNPRs) as a colorimetric probe. The synthesized AgNPRs were characterized by UV-visible absorption and high resol
http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2017/ay/c7ay00716g
Items where Subject is Dentistry | MCODS Mangalore | Periodontics - MU Digital RepositoryItems where Subject is Dentistry | MCODS Mangalore | Periodontics - MU Digital Repository
Thomas, Manuel S and Pralhad, Swati and Basaiwala, Alok Kumar (2017) Concept of Minimally Invasive Indirect Veneers. The New York State Dental Journal, 83 (3). pp. 32-36. ISSN 00287571 Dash, Trishna and *, Rayapudi Phani Mohan and *, Yamini Mannava and Thomas, Manuel S and *, Srikant N (2017) Effect of storage temperature and heating on the concentration of available chlorine and pH of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. Saudi Endodontic Journal, 7 (3). pp. 161-165. ISSN 1658-5984 Singh, Vijendra P and Nettemu, Sunil K and Nettem, Sowmya and Hosadurga, Rajesh and Nayak, Sangeeta U (2017) Oral Health and Erectile Dysfunction. Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences, 10 (3). pp. 162-166. ISSN 0974-1208 Nayak, Sangeeta Umesh and Kamath, Deepa G and Pai, Keshava K (2017) Periodontal Health and Its Impact on Quality of Life among Type II Diabetes mellitus Patients. World Journal of Dentistry, 8 (2). pp. 86-89. ISSN 976-6006 Mannava, Yamini and Nayak, Sangeeta Umesh and Kamath, Deepa Giridhar (2017) Pyogenic ...
http://eprints.manipal.edu/view/subjects/DE-MMG8.html
Patente US4247288 - Method and apparatus for root canal irrigation - Google PatentesPatente US4247288 - Method and apparatus for root canal irrigation - Google Patentes
A root canal irrigation means for treating decayed teeth including a liquid vessel filled with water, antiseptic solution or some other kind of liquid, a pumping means for pumping the liquid from the liquid vessel under pressure, and a discharge needle shaped like an injection needle coupled to the outlet of the pumping means and which feeds the liquid under pressure to a dental focus when the pumping means is operated. The pumping means comprises a reciprocating pump which is coupled to the outlet of the liquid vessel.
http://www.google.es/patents/US4247288
Sodium hypochloriteSodium hypochlorite
... the sodium hydroxide is used to slow the decomposition of sodium hypochlorite into sodium chloride and sodium chlorate. Sodium ... Sodium hypochlorite can also be used for point-of-use disinfection of drinking water, taking 0.2-2 mg of sodium hypochlorite ... Sodium hypochlorite has deodorizing properties, which go hand in hand with its cleaning properties. Sodium hypochlorite ... US 3498924, Walsh RH, Dietz A, "Process for preparing stable sodium hypochlorites", issued 1966 "Sodium hypochlorite". PubChem ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hypochlorite
Sodium hypochlorite washesSodium hypochlorite washes
... are skin cleansers formulated with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and surfactants. These cleansing ... The use of sodium hypochlorite in the form of a bleach bath, has been reported to improve atopic dermatitis severity in ... A sodium hypochlorite cleanser is used to cleanse and soothe skin that is prone to infection and conditions such as eczema, ... Sodium hypochlorite baths became an acceptable treatment of atopic dermatitis due to a 2009 landmark study by JT Huan. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hypochlorite_washes
Calcium hypochloriteCalcium hypochlorite
In solution, calcium hypochlorite could be used as a general purpose sanitizer, but due to calcium residue, sodium hypochlorite ... Sodium hypochlorite Vogt, H.; Balej, J; Bennett, J. E.; Wintzer, P.; Sheikh, S. A.; Gallone, P.; Vasudevan, S.; Pelin, K. (2010 ... This compound is relatively stable and has greater available chlorine than sodium hypochlorite. It is a white solid, although ... Calcium hypochlorite can also be used in the haloform reaction to manufacture chloroform. Calcium hypochlorite can be used to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_hypochlorite
Lithium hypochloriteLithium hypochlorite
Studies showed no uptake of lithium if pools with lithium hypochlorite have been used. Sodium hypochlorite Hoberman A. M.; ... Lithium hypochlorite is the colorless, crystalline lithium salt of hypochlorous acid with the chemical formula of LiClO. It is ... Weiner ML, Batt KJ, Putman DL, Curren RD, Yang LL (1990). "Genotoxicity evaluation of lithium hypochlorite". Toxicology. 65 (1- ... "Developmental toxicity study of orally administered lithium hypochlorite in rats". Journal of the American College of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_hypochlorite
Winry RockbellWinry Rockbell
Sodium Hypochlorite". UK Anime Network. Retrieved September 19, 2011. Santos, Carlo (May 26, 2009). "RIGHT TURN ONLY!! Sodium ... Hypochlorite". Anime News Network. Retrieved July 15, 2009. (CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja), CS1 uses Japanese-language ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winry_Rockbell
Scar (Fullmetal Alchemist)Scar (Fullmetal Alchemist)
Santos, Carlo (May 26, 2009). "RIGHT TURN ONLY!! Sodium Hypochlorite". Anime News Network. Retrieved July 15, 2009. (Articles ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scar_(Fullmetal_Alchemist)
ChlorineChlorine
Labarraque's research resulted in the use of chlorides and hypochlorites of lime (calcium hypochlorite) and of sodium (sodium ... In most private swimming pools, chlorine itself is not used, but rather sodium hypochlorite, formed from chlorine and sodium ... Smith patented a method of sodium hypochlorite production involving electrolysis of brine to produce sodium hydroxide and ... These include hypochlorite solutions, which gradually release chlorine into the water, and compounds like sodium dichloro-s- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorine
Chlorine-releasing compoundsChlorine-releasing compounds
"OxyChem Sodium Hypochlorite Handbook" (PDF). oxy.com. OxyChem. "Pamphlet 96, The Sodium Hypochorite Manual". www. ... They include the following chemicals: sodium hypochlorite (active agent in bleach), chloramine, halazone, and sodium ... Specific compounds in this family include sodium hypochlorite, monochloramine, halazone, chlorine dioxide, and sodium ... He found that chloramine was optimal, but settled for a dilute sodium hypochlorite solution-still used today with the name of " ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorine-releasing_compounds
VirucideVirucide
Sodium hypochlorite) Sodium hypochlorite washes Didecyldimethylammonium chloride Hand washing (see also Surfactants) Hand ... A mixture of 62-71% ethanol, 0.5% hydrogen peroxide or 0.1% sodium hypochlorite is found to be able to deactivate the novel ... Slaughter RJ, Watts M, Vale JA, Grieve JR, Schep LJ (May 2019). "The clinical toxicology of sodium hypochlorite". Clinical ... sodium fluoride, essential oils (specifically in case of management of inflammatory periodontal diseases) Unknown or limited ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virucide
HydrazineHydrazine
It employs sodium hypochlorite as oxidant instead of hydrogen peroxide. Like all hypochlorite-based routes, this method ... Again sodium hypochlorite serves as the oxidant. The net reaction is shown: (NH2)2CO + NaOCl + 2 NaOH → N2H4 + H2O + NaCl + ... The Olin Raschig process, first announced in 1907, produces hydrazine from sodium hypochlorite (the active ingredient in many ... In a related application, sodium azide, the gas-forming agent in air bags, is produced from hydrazine by reaction with sodium ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrazine
Mineral trioxide aggregateMineral trioxide aggregate
If it happens, one should finish cleaning & shaping of the canal, irrigate the canal with sodium hypochlorite to disinfect it ... Disinfection of the cavity with sodium hypochlorite. then application of MTA over the exposure area. restoration of the cavity ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral_trioxide_aggregate
Fallout shelterFallout shelter
... a plastic bottle of sodium hypochlorite bleach; one or two KFMs (Kearny fallout meters) and the knowledge to operate them; at ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallout_shelter
Prince George, British ColumbiaPrince George, British Columbia
The raw water is disinfected with sodium hypochlorite. The local government treats sewage in a treatment facility in the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_George,_British_Columbia
BleachBleach
Sold as a white powder or in tablets, is used in many of the same applications as sodium hypochlorite, but is more stable and ... Sodium Hypochlorite (CAS No: 7681-52-9; EINECS No: 231-668-3): Final report, November 2007 (Final Approved Version); see Risk ... Berthollet also discovered sodium hypochlorite, which became the first commercial bleach, named Eau de Javel ("Javel water") ... Diluted sodium hypochlorite at a rate of 2000-1 (0.05% concentration) may represent an efficacious, safe and affordable ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleach
EndodonticsEndodontics
A sodium hypochlorite accident can result in long-term functional and aesthetic complications. Extrusion of sodium hypochlorite ... "Guidelines for management of sodium hypochlorite extrusion injuries". British Dental Journal. 217 (12): 679-684. doi:10.1038/sj ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endodontics
Chemical drain cleanersChemical drain cleaners
Liquid drain cleaners also contain bleach (sodium hypochlorite). Because solid lye is hygroscopic, it is crucial that the solid ... Drain cleaners can also contain aluminum, which reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce bubbles of hydrogen gas that help to ... Drain cleaners usually contain a strong base such as sodium hydroxide that decomposes hair and converts fats into water-soluble ... Typically, the active ingredient in solid cleaning agents is sodium hydroxide (lye). The reaction of the powdered lye with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_drain_cleaners
SYSACCOSYSACCO
Sodium hypochlorite, the sodium salt of hypochlorous acid. Hydrochloric Acid, a clear, colorless, highly pungent solution of ... They mostly produce products for water sterilization to the local market: Sodium hydroxide, also known as Caustic Soda. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SYSACCO
Chloramine-TChloramine-T
It is prepared by oxidation of toluenesulfonamide with sodium hypochlorite, with the latter being produced in situ from sodium ... Its reactivity is similar to that of sodium hypochlorite. Aqueous solutions of chloramine-T are slightly basic (pH typically ... Chemicalland21.com: Chloramine T (Tosylchloramide sodium) InChem.org: Chloramine T "Disifin USA". Archived from the original on ... N-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide sodium salt), a versatile reagent in organic synthesis and analytical chemistry: An up to date ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloramine-T
HexafluoroisobutyleneHexafluoroisobutylene
It is oxidized by sodium hypochlorite to hexafluoroisobutylene oxide. As expected, it is a potent dienophile. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexafluoroisobutylene
Liquid bleachLiquid bleach
Solid anhydrous sodium hypochlorite is unstable and decomposes explosively. A non-explosive hydrated solid is available for ... The active agent in liquid bleach is sodium hypochlorite, which gives the product a light greenish yellow tinge and its ... Formulations for household use usually contain 5% or less of sodium hypochlorite by weight. More concentrated solutions are ... Sodium chloride (table salt, NaCl) is often present too, and plays no role in the product's action. Sodium chloride and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_bleach
SilvicultureSilviculture
The pre-treatment of 1% sodium hypochlorite increased germinability. Encouraged by Russian success in using ultrasonic waves to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silviculture
Enterococcus faecalisEnterococcus faecalis
Shabahang, S; Pouresmail, M; Torabinejad, M (July 2003). "In Vitro Antimicrobial Efficacy of MTAD and Sodium Hypochlorite". ... "Efficacy of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis: a systematic review". Journal of Applied Oral ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterococcus_faecalis
DomestosDomestos
... is a British brand of household cleaning range which contains bleach (primarily sodium hypochlorite NaOCl). It is ... Domestos (and Chlorox, essentially a 10-25% solution of sodium hypochlorite) contains 100,000 ppm (10%) of the active component ... sodium hypochlorite safety sheet "Part 2 Biological safety" (PDF). University of St Andrews, Environmental, Health and Safety ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestos
Roof cleaningRoof cleaning
"Sodium Hypochlorite, Sodium Percarbonate or Sodium Hydroxide for Roof Cleaning?". eClean Magazine. Retrieved 2017-06-29. "ARMA ... recommends using a 50/50 solution of household strength sodium hypochlorite (pool chlorine) and water to remove moss and algae ... Cleaning may be accomplished with a bleach or sodium percarbonate solution, various cleaning products or commercial cleaning ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roof_cleaning
JEA Northside Generating StationJEA Northside Generating Station
Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and occasionally sodium bromide (NaBr) are used. Treatment occurs no more than 2 hours per day per ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JEA_Northside_Generating_Station
ElectrochlorinationElectrochlorination
The sodium hypochlorite produced is in the range of pH 6-7.5, relatively neutral in regards to acidity or baseness. At that pH ... A low voltage DC current is applied, electrolysis happens producing sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen gas (H2). The solution ... The product of the process, sodium hypochlorite, provides 0.7% to 1% chlorine. Anything below the concentration of 1% chlorine ... producing sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen gas. Companies may use seawater for this process due to its low cost. The water used ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochlorination
Denture cleanerDenture cleaner
Dilute sodium hypochlorite (i.e. a mild bleach) is the main constituent of several brands of denture cleanser. Other ... removes stains sodium perborate sodium polyphosphate potassium monopersulfate - cleaning and bleaching agent EDTA Sodium ... "Evaluation of sodium hypochlorite as a denture cleanser: a clinical study". Gerodontology. 32 (4): 260-266. doi:10.1111/ger. ... "Alkaline Peroxides Versus Sodium Hypochlorite for Removing Denture Biofilm: A Crossover Randomized Trial". Brazilian Dental ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denture_cleaner
Bacterial stress responseBacterial stress response
Included in this category is sodium hypochlorite(NaOCl), or household bleach. These chemicals inflict extensive cellular damage ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_stress_response
Growell IndiaGrowell India
They remain after treatment with diluted sodium hypochlorite or sulfuric acid. An unsporulated oocyst can survive up to seven ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growell_India
Milton sterilizing fluidMilton sterilizing fluid
It contains 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and 16.5% sodium chloride (NaCl; common salt). 1:80 dilution is used to sterilise ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milton_sterilizing_fluid
Oral candidiasisOral candidiasis
10 solution of sodium hypochlorite (Milton, or household bleach). Bleach may corrode metal components, so if the denture ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_candidiasis
Deciduous teethDeciduous teeth
Medicaments used in pulpotomy include commonly formocresol, MTA and ferric sulfates and less commonly sodium hypochlorite, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deciduous_teeth
List of inorganic compoundsList of inorganic compounds
NaOBr Sodium hypochlorite - NaOCl Sodium hypoiodite - NaOI Sodium hypophosphite - NaPO2H2 Sodium iodate - NaIO3 Sodium iodide ... AgClO4 Sodium chlorate - NaClO3 Sodium chloride (table salt, rock salt) - NaCl Sodium chlorite - NaClO2 Sodium hypochlorite - ... NaNO3 Sodium nitrite - NaNO2 Sodium nitroprusside - Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]·2H2O Sodium oxide - Na2O Sodium perborate - NaBO3·H2O Sodium ... 2H2O Sodium dioxide - NaO2 Sodium dithionite - Na2S2O4 Sodium ferrocyanide - Na4[Fe(CN)6] Sodium fluoride - NaF Sodium ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_inorganic_compounds
Hypochlorous acidHypochlorous acid
... commercially important hypochlorites are calcium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite. Solutions of hypochlorites can be ... Because of its strong antimicrobial properties, the related compounds sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and calcium hypochlorite (Ca( ... hypochlorite. Some of the chlorine gas produced will dissolve forming hypochlorite ions. Hypochlorites are also produced by the ... such as sodium hypochlorite in commercial bleach solution), the resultant reaction is driven to the left, and chlorine gas is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypochlorous_acid
Scouring powderScouring powder
The soluble base is meant to break down fatty substances by saponification; it may be sodium carbonate (lye, washing soda, Na ... The dry bleach is usually a product that releases chlorine (more precisely hypochlorite, the classical household bleaching ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scouring_powder
Swimming pool sanitationSwimming pool sanitation
... forms of chlorine-releasing compounds frequently used in residential and public swimming pools include sodium hypochlorite ... calcium hypochlorite and lithium hypochlorite. Chlorine residuals from Cl2 and inorganic chlorine-releasing compounds break ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimming_pool_sanitation
IndophenolIndophenol
In the Berthelot test (1859), a sample suspected of having containing ammonia is treated with sodium hypochlorite and phenol. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indophenol
Pulp stonePulp stone
During the removal process, sodium hypochlorite which has dissolving action can also be used as a synergistic effect. Mosby's ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulp_stone
TosohTosoh
Chlor-Alkali Group Basic Chemicals: calcium hypochlorite, sodium hydroxide, chlorinated paraffins, sodium bicarb, vinyl ... sodium styrene sulfonate, and bromochloropropane(BCP). Advanced Materials: silica glass, sputtering deposition targets, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosoh
ChloropicrinChloropicrin
He prepared it by the reaction of sodium hypochlorite with picric acid: HOC6H2(NO2)3 + 11 NaOCl → 3 Cl3CNO2 + 3 Na2CO3 + 3 NaOH ... Today, chloropicrin is manufactured by the reaction of nitromethane with sodium hypochlorite: H3CNO2 + 3 NaOCl → Cl3CNO2 + 3 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloropicrin
List of International Organization for Standardization standards, 1-1999List of International Organization for Standardization standards, 1-1999
... method using hypochlorite) ISO 1833-5:2006 Part 5: Mixtures of viscose, cupro or modal and cotton fibres (method using sodium ... Sodium chlorite (mild) ISO 105-N04:1993 Part N04: Colour fastness to bleaching: Sodium chlorite (severe) ISO 105-N05:1993 Part ... 1976 Sodium carbonate for industrial use - Determination of matter insoluble in water at 50 degrees C ISO/R 747:1968 Sodium ... 1974 Sodium hydroxide for industrial use - Method of assay ISO 980:1976 Sodium hydroxide for industrial use - Determination of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_International_Organization_for_Standardization_standards,_1–1999
FluorenoneFluorenone
It can be synthesised from fluorene with the addition of glacial acetic acid and sodium hypochlorite solution, undergoing an ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorenone
Radiation chemistryRadiation chemistry
When an inorganic solid such as bentonite and sodium formate are present then the lead is removed from the aqueous solution. ... while in saline systems the reaction of the hydroxyl radicals with chloride anions forms hypochlorite anions. The action of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_chemistry
Root canal treatmentRoot canal treatment
Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) in concentrations ranging between 0.5% and 5.25% 6% sodium hypochlorite with surface modifiers for ... Certain irrigants, such as sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine, have proved to be effective antimicrobials in vitro and are ... ample amounts of irrigation solutions Avoid use of rotary files in severely curved or dilacerated canals A sodium hypochlorite ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_canal_treatment
Germ-free animalGerm-free animal
In aseptic conditions, the eggs are washed twice for 2.5 minutes each, in 0.6% sodium hypochlorite solution. They are then ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germ-free_animal
ArsineArsine
... sodium hypochlorite, or nitric acid. AsH3 is used as a precursor to metal complexes of "naked" (or "nearly naked") As. ... Zinc arsenide and sodium arsenide are suitable precursors: Zn3As2 + 6 H+ → 2 AsH3 + 3 Zn2+ Na3As + 3 HBr → AsH3 + 3 NaBr The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsine
Chemistry of ascorbic acidChemistry of ascorbic acid
... regenerated by sodium hypochlorite - bleaching solution). Historically, industrial preparation via the Reichstein process used ... As an alternative, ascorbic acid can be treated with iodine in excess, followed by back titration with sodium thiosulfate using ... Ascorbic acid and its sodium, potassium, and calcium salts are commonly used as antioxidant food additives. These compounds are ... The ascorbate anion forms salts, such as sodium ascorbate, calcium ascorbate, and potassium ascorbate. Ascorbic acid can also ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry_of_ascorbic_acid
ThiolThiol
2 HBr Oxidation by more powerful reagents such as sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide can also yield sulfonic acids (RSO3H ... Another method entails the alkylation of sodium hydrosulfide. RX + NaSH → RSH + NaX (X = Cl, Br, I) This method is used for the ... In the nitroprusside reaction, free thiol groups react with sodium nitroprusside and ammonium hydroxide to give a red colour. ... In general, on the typical laboratory scale, the direct reaction of a haloalkane with sodium hydrosulfide is inefficient owing ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiol
ChloriteChlorite
Sodium chlorite is derived indirectly from sodium chlorate, NaClO3. First, the explosively unstable gas chlorine dioxide, ClO2 ... hypochlorite, chlorite, chlorate, and perchlorate. These are part of a greater family of other chlorine oxides. ... The alkali metal and alkaline earth metal compounds are all colorless or pale yellow, with sodium chlorite (NaClO2) being the ... The most important chlorite is sodium chlorite (NaClO2); this is used in the bleaching of textiles, pulp, and paper, however ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorite
Index of chemistry articlesIndex of chemistry articles
... sodium Sodium bicarbonate Sodium carbonate Sodium chloride Sodium citrate Sodium cyanide Sodium hydroxide Sodium hypochlorite ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_chemistry_articles
Cobalt(III) oxideCobalt(III) oxide
Thus treatment of Co(II) salts such as cobalt(II) sulfate with an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite (also known as bleach ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobalt(III)_oxide
Brzeg DolnyBrzeg Dolny
It was not until 1946 that the plant started producing Sodium hypochlorite. The new plant was named Rokita in June 1947. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brzeg_Dolny
Calcium Hypochlorite/Sodium Hypochlorite | ToxFAQs™ | ATSDR
Sodium and calcium hypochlorite have been found 6 times each in the 1,585 National Priorities List sites identified by the ... Sodium and calcium hypochlorite can cause irritation of the eyes, skin, respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. Exposure to ... The general public can be exposed to small amounts of sodium and calcium hypochlorite by using household products that contain ... How can sodium and calcium hypochlorite affect my health?. The toxic effects of sodium and calcium hypochlorite are due ...
https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/ToxFAQs/ToxFAQsDetails.aspx?faqid=928&toxid=192
Sodium hypochlorite poisoning: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaSodium hypochlorite poisoning: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Sodium hypochlorite is a caustic chemical. If it contacts tissues, it can cause injury. ... Sodium hypochlorite is a chemical commonly found in bleach, water purifiers, and cleaning products. ... Sodium hypochlorite is a chemical commonly found in bleach, water purifiers, and cleaning products. Sodium hypochlorite is a ... Swallowing sodium hypochlorite can lead to poisoning. Breathing sodium hypochlorite fumes may also cause poisoning, especially ...
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002488.htm
Electrolytic process to produce sodium hypochlorite using sodium ion conductive ceramic membranes (Patent) | DOE PatentsElectrolytic process to produce sodium hypochlorite using sodium ion conductive ceramic membranes (Patent) | DOE Patents
... feeding the sodium produced in the sodium ion separator to a sodium reactor, reacting the sodium in the sodium reactor with ... Electrolytic process to produce sodium hypochlorite using sodium ion conductive ceramic membranes. United States: N. p., 2012. ... Process for degrading hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite Patent Huxtable, William P [Concord, TN]; Griffith, William L [Oak ... Electrolytic process to produce sodium hypochlorite using sodium ion conductive ceramic membranes. United States. ...
https://www.osti.gov/doepatents/biblio/1078316
Povidone Iodine Topical vs Sodium Hypochlorite Topical Comparison - Drugs.comPovidone Iodine Topical vs Sodium Hypochlorite Topical Comparison - Drugs.com
Compare Povidone Iodine Topical vs Sodium Hypochlorite Topical head-to-head with other drugs for uses, ratings, cost, side ... Sodium hypochlorite topical has an average rating of 10.0 out of 10 from a total of 2 ratings on Drugs.com. 100% of reviewers ... Comparing Povidone Iodine Topical vs Sodium Hypochlorite Topical. View side-by-side comparisons of medication uses, ratings, ... sodium hypochlorite topical may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. ...
https://www.drugs.com/compare/povidone-iodine-topical-vs-sodium-hypochlorite-topical
Information Notice 2002-07: Use of Sodium Hypochlorite for Cleaning Diesel Fuel Oil Supply Tanks | NRC.govInformation Notice 2002-07: Use of Sodium Hypochlorite for Cleaning Diesel Fuel Oil Supply Tanks | NRC.gov
Sodium hypochlorite is a strong oxidizer and, when mixed with organic materials such as diesel fuel oil, undergoes an ... Sodium hypochlorite is generally available in two forms: as a commercial solution containing 12 to 15 trade percent available ... Trade percent is defined as the amount of chlorine, in grams, that is available for each 100 milliliters of sodium hypochlorite ... Regulatory Guide 1.137 states that solutions equivalent to sodium hypochlorite can be used to clean fuel oil supply tanks. The ...
https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/gen-comm/info-notices/2002/in02007.html
ChlorCid™, ChlorCid™ V, ChlorCid™ Surf-3% Sodium Hypochlorite SolutionsChlorCid™, ChlorCid™ V, ChlorCid™ Surf-3% Sodium Hypochlorite Solutions
ChlorCid™, ChlorCid™ V, ChlorCid™ Surf Sodium Hypochlorite Solution IFU * ChlorCid and ChlorCid Surf Recommended Irrigation ... ChlorCid, ChlorCid V, and ChlorCid Surf solutions contain 3% sodium hypochlorite.. ChlorCid V solution is more viscous for ...
https://www.ultradent.com/products/categories/endodontics/irrigants-lubricants-medicaments/chlorcid?sku=1467-
TDL | Sodium HypochloriteTDL | Sodium Hypochlorite
Sodium Hypochlorite 0161 205 4454 Email Us Download Spec & Safety Sheet Sodium Hypochlorite, NaOCl or NaClO, commonly known as ... Sodium Hypochlorite (bleach) is used as a disinfectant or bleaching agent, mostly in bleaches and laundry additives. ...
https://www.tennantsdistribution.com/Products/details/Sodium-Hypochlorite
Sciencemadness Discussion Board - Sodium Hypochlorite - Powered by XMB 1.9.11Sciencemadness Discussion Board - Sodium Hypochlorite - Powered by XMB 1.9.11
Now Im on a search for some sodium hypochlorite.. Yes, I know that household bleach is sodium hypochlorite. However, the ... Sodium Hypochlorite. Rich_Insane - 31-10-2012 at 13:24. So Ive recently found out that one of the companies I ordered sodium ... sodium hypochlorite is cheap as can be! over here its about 3$ for 5l 18%. you should be able to get it from a pool supply ... Whats so wrong with 5 gallons pails? When I needed to buy some 10-12.5% sodium hypochlorite I didnt find it in 1L bottles ...
http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?action=printable&tid=22049
Eisco Labs Sodium Hypochlorite Wash Bottle (Bleach), 500 mL, LDPE (2 color), Pack of 6Eisco Labs Sodium Hypochlorite Wash Bottle (Bleach), 500 mL, LDPE (2 color), Pack of 6
... ... Eisco Labs Sodium Hypochlorite Wash Bottle (Bleach), 500 mL, LDPE (2 color), Pack of 6. ... Each bottle is labeled for Sodium Hypochlorite (Bleach) featuring chemical information as well as hazard, safety, and first aid ... Eisco Labs pack of six Sodium Hydrochloride wash bottles are made with exclusive Performance Plastic. Made of low density ...
https://www.schoolspecialty.com/eisco-labs-6pk-sodium-hypochloride-wash-bottle-500ml-2-color-2039997
Sodium Hypochlorite Storage Tank Radar Level Measurement - Flowline Liquid & Solid Level Sensors, Switches & ControllersSodium Hypochlorite Storage Tank Radar Level Measurement - Flowline Liquid & Solid Level Sensors, Switches & Controllers
When a Massachusetts water treatment plant needed reliable level measurement of their sodium hypochlorite storage tanks, they ... Sensor Reliable Level Transmitter Sodium Hypochlorite Level Measurement Sodium Hypochlorite Level Sensor Sodium Hypochlorite ... Level SensorReliable Level TransmitterSodium Hypochlorite Level MeasurementSodium Hypochlorite Level SensorSodium Hypochlorite ... When a Massachusetts water treatment plant needed reliable level measurement of their sodium hypochlorite storage tanks, they ...
https://www.flowline.com/sodium-hypochlorite-storage-tank-radar-level-transmitter/
Relative Efficacy of Sodium Hypochlorite Wash Versus Irradiation To Inactivate Escherichia coli O157:H7 Internalized in Leaves...Relative Efficacy of Sodium Hypochlorite Wash Versus Irradiation To Inactivate Escherichia coli O157:H7 Internalized in Leaves...
Relative Efficacy of Sodium Hypochlorite Wash Versus Irradiation To Inactivate Escherichia coli O157:H7 Internalized in Leaves ... The inoculated leaves were then treated with a 3-min water wash, a 3-min wash with a sodium hypochlorite sanitizing solution ( ... For spinach leaf pieces, neither the water nor the sodium hypochlorite washes resulted in significant reductions of E. coli ... For Romaine lettuce leaf pieces, 300 and 600 ppm sodium hypochlorite each resulted in less than 1-log reduction; water wash was ...
https://meridian.allenpress.com/jfp/article/70/11/2526/172476/Relative-Efficacy-of-Sodium-Hypochlorite-Wash
Sodium Hypochlorite That Performs-Olin Chlor AlkaliSodium Hypochlorite That Performs-Olin Chlor Alkali
Learn why Olin is the No.1 North American producer of Sodium Hypochlorite, also known as industrial Bleach, which is used in ... Sodium Hypochlorite. We are the No.1 North American manufacturer of industrial Bleach. Our reliable supply of Sodium ... For over a century, our customers have trusted us as the most dependable source of Sodium Hypochlorite. As experts in the ... Hypochlorite offers quality you need in concentrations from 5 percent to 25 percent, and is backed by the local customer ...
https://olinchloralkali.com/products/sodium-hypochlorite/
An In Vitro Spectroscopic Analysis to Determine the Chemical Composition of the Precipitate Formed by Mixing Sodium...An In Vitro Spectroscopic Analysis to Determine the Chemical Composition of the Precipitate Formed by Mixing Sodium...
Sodium hypochlorite accident: inadvertent injection into the maxillary sinus.. J Endod. 1993; 19: 180-182. View in Article * ... Interaction between sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate.. J Endod. 2007; 33: 966-969. View in Article *Scopus (169) ... Antibacterial activity of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite in infected root canal: in vivo study. ... An in vitro spectroscopic analysis to determine whether para-chloroaniline is produced from mixing sodium hypochlorite and ...
https://www.jendodon.com/article/S0099-2399%2811%2900430-4/fulltext
Jual BioKimia - Sodium Hypochlorite 60% Tangerang | Mitra Tsalasa JayaJual BioKimia - Sodium Hypochlorite 60% Tangerang | Mitra Tsalasa Jaya
Sodium Hypochlorite 60% dengan harga Rp 4200,00 dari Mitra Tsalasa Jaya ... Spesifikasi BioKimia - Sodium Hypochlorite 60%. Kami Menjual Sodium Hypochlorite untuk Wilayah Medan, Bali, Bandung, Jember, ...
http://www.jualbahankimia.net/product/biokimia-sodium-hypochlorite-p308315.aspx
SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE (STALAR® Vinyl Press On) - Safety Sign CompanySODIUM HYPOCHLORITE (STALAR® Vinyl Press On) - Safety Sign Company
SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE (STALAR® Vinyl Press On). Safety Sign Company (U.S.A.) ...
https://safetysignco.com/products/sodium-hypochlorite
Etherington & Roberts. Dictionary--sodium hypochloriteEtherington & Roberts. Dictionary--sodium hypochlorite
sodium hypochlorite. A salt (NaOCl). formed, together with the chloride, by the reaction between chlorine and cold dilute ... sodium hydroxide. It is used as an oxidizing agent in bleaching archival materials. Its chlorine content, however, which is ...
https://cool.culturalheritage.org/don/dt/dt3202.html
Natural Sodium Hypochlorite Supplier,Citric Acid Powder Trader, Maharashtra,Madhya PradeshNatural Sodium Hypochlorite Supplier,Citric Acid Powder Trader, Maharashtra,Madhya Pradesh
Supplier and Trader of Natural Sodium Hypochlorite, Citric Acid Powder, Phosphoric Acid, Acetic Acid, Etc. We are located in ... Our range containing Bleaching Powder, Pure Glycerine, Sodium Hypochlorite, to mention a few chemicals, is pure and safe. Since ... Largely Trusted In Indian and Foreign Markets For Obtaining Pure Glycerine, Sodium Hypochlorite, Magnesium Chloride Flakes, ... Sodium Hypochlorite, Pure Glycerine, etc. These chemicals are available in standard packing options. We have a large space for ...
http://www.deepakimpex.com
Sodium hypochlorite Senitizer - Sodium Chlorite 25% Solution For Bleaching Manufacturer from VadodaraSodium hypochlorite Senitizer - Sodium Chlorite 25% Solution For Bleaching Manufacturer from Vadodara
Sodium Chlorite 25% Solution For Bleaching, Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ( Use As a Sanitizer Purpose Anti Virus Solution) ... Sodium hypochlorite Senitizer. Prominent & Leading Manufacturer from Vadodara, we offer sodium chlorite 25% solution for ... bleaching and sodium hypochlorite solution ( use as a sanitizer purpose anti virus solution). ...
https://www.destinychemicals.com/sodium-hypochlorite-senitizer.html
Evaluation of sodium hypochlorite solutions used by endodontistsEvaluation of sodium hypochlorite solutions used by endodontists
AVILA, Leandro Marques et al. Evaluation of sodium hypochlorite solutions used by endodontists. RSBO (Online) [online]. 2010, ... Palavras-chave : sodium hypochlorite; storage; chemical stability. · resumo em Português · texto em Português · pdf em ... Besides that, a 100mL sample of the sodium hypochlorite irrigant used by them was collected. Free residual chlorine ... OBJECTIVE: In this study, some characteristics of commonly used sodium hypochlorite irrigants were investigated, such as: ...
http://revodonto.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1984-56852010000400004&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=en
Sodium Hypochlorite (NaClO)Sodium Hypochlorite (NaClO)
Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is formed when caustic soda (NaOH) and chlorine (Cl2) react. ASC delivers sodium hypochlorite to ... In many developed countries sodium hypochlorite is used for the disinfection of drinking water.Sodium hypochlorite is also ... wastewater is treated with sodium hypochlorite.Cleaning and disinfection procedures using sodium hypochlorite is a well known ... sodium hypochlorite is often used for bleaching purposes.. Hypochlorite oxidation of starch is one of the most useful reactions ...
http://www.asc.co.id/index.php/en/product-main/product-sub/sodium-hypochlorite-naclo
Acute Illness and Injury from Swimming Pool Disinfectants and Other Chemicals --- United States, 2002--2008Acute Illness and Injury from Swimming Pool Disinfectants and Other Chemicals --- United States, 2002--2008
... which most often resulted from mixing sodium hypochlorite solutions (e.g., household chlorine bleach) with acid (4). In England ... of which 10 events involved sodium hypochlorite and nine events resulted from equipment failure or mixing incompatible ... the active ingredients most frequently associated with acute illness or injury were sodium hypochlorite (31%), triazine ... calcium hypochlorite). Cyanosis and dyspnea were documented, and the boy was admitted to the critical-care unit, where he was ...
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6039a2.htm?s_cid=mm6039a2_e
Sodium Hypochlorite Dosing Systems
... Dioxide Pacific provides sodium hypochlorite dosing systems in package formats which can ... Sodium hypochlorite is pumped from 20L drums into a 60L tank using a drum pump. At the same time, automatic dilution of the ... Replacement of Electrolytic Chlorination with Sodium Hypochlorite for Odour Control on Scrubber. Logan Pollution Control Centre ... Sodium hypochlorite is provided in 1,000L IBCs and placed into a fiberglass IBC bund. One Delta dosing pump with degassing ...
https://www.dioxide.com/Systems/Chlorine/Liquid_Sodium_Hypochlorite/liquid_sodium_hypochlorite.html
Automatic sodium hypochlorite generation
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Sodium Hypochlorite 10% - 1LSodium Hypochlorite 10% - 1L
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sodium chlorite vs sodium hypochlorite
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SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE 10% - AGC VinythaiSODIUM HYPOCHLORITE 10% - AGC Vinythai
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Sodium Hypochlorite 250ppm 200ml, ReagentsSodium Hypochlorite 250ppm 200ml, Reagents
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Sodium Hypochlorite-Generating Spray BottleSodium Hypochlorite-Generating Spray Bottle
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BleachNaOClHydroxideDisinfectantDisinfectionSite sodium hypochlorite generationConcentrationChlorideDisinfectantsConcentrations of sodiumJual Sodium HypochloriteProduce sodium hypochloriteHigher concentrationsElectrolyticSolutionConcentrated hypochlorite solutionsChlorine dioxideWaterCalciumNaClNaOHUntukBleaching PowderChloriteAmmoniaSaltsDilutionSearchLiquidWastewaterKimiaHydrogenReactIrritationProductsPackingJuga10.0UltrafiltrationSolventCausticBulk12.5Oxidation
Bleach21
  • You can be exposed to low levels of sodium and calcium hypochlorite if you use disinfectants like household bleach. (cdc.gov)
  • If you ingest a more concentrated commercial bleach (10% or higher hypochlorite) or hypochlorite powder you may suffer severe corrosive injuries to the mouth, throat, esophagus and stomach with bleeding, perforation, and eventually death. (cdc.gov)
  • Sodium hypochlorite is a chemical commonly found in bleach, water purifiers, and cleaning products. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Industrial-strength bleach contains much higher concentrations of sodium hypochlorite, which may cause severe injury. (medlineplus.gov)
  • NEVER mix ammonia with sodium hypochlorite (bleach or bleach-containing products). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Sodium Hypochlorite, NaOCl or NaClO, commonly known as Bleach, supplied in solution due to being an unstable anhydrous compound that decomposes rapidly. (tennantsdistribution.com)
  • Sodium Hypochlorite (bleach) is used as a disinfectant or bleaching agent, mostly in bleaches and laundry additives. (tennantsdistribution.com)
  • Yes, I know that household bleach is sodium hypochlorite. (sciencemadness.org)
  • Each bottle is labeled for Sodium Hypochlorite (Bleach) featuring chemical information as well as hazard, safety, and first aid precautionary statements. (schoolspecialty.com)
  • Bleach, which contains Sodium Hypo, only has 5% AC which is why bleach is not a good pool disinfectant. (japaneasy.it)
  • Sodium Hypochlorite is the main ingredient in laundry bleach. (japaneasy.it)
  • While sodium hypochlorite … Both sodium hypochlorite … Its use as a bleach for textiles was first discovered during the 1920s. (japaneasy.it)
  • Household bleach (5.25% or 6.00%-6.15% sodium hypochlorite depending on manufacturer) usually diluted in water at 1:10 or 1:100. (halyardhealth.in)
  • If the outside of the specimen container is visibly contaminated with blood, it should be cleaned with a disinfectant (such as a 1:10 dilution of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) with water). (cdc.gov)
  • For most research activities, chemical treatment with sodium hypochlorite (bleach) to a final concentration of 500 - 1000 mg/L free chlorine is an effective disinfectant per CDC guidelines. (ucsc.edu)
  • The sodium hypochlorite in the bleach will oxidize the iron in the steel wool to iron(III) oxide, which will settle as a fine, red powder at the bottom of the container. (physicsforums.com)
  • In regards to your question, the chemical name for bleach is Sodium Hypochlorite. (pressurewashingresource.com)
  • Bleach is the chemical compound sodium hypochlorite. (renostyle.pl)
  • Bleach with 5% sodium hypochlorite kills trichothecene mycotoxins as well as other mycotoxins including aflatoxin. (nationalbiosafe.com)
  • Backyard bird feeders and baths should be cleaned regularly using a weak solution of domestic bleach (10% sodium hypochlorite). (thebirdhouse.ca)
  • Sodium hypochlorite is bleach, a common disinfectant used at very low dosages to prevent bacterial growth in water distribution pipes. (seasidecampustown.com)
NaOCl11
  • The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the chemical composition of the precipitate formed by mixing sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine (CHX) and the relative molecular weight of the components. (jendodon.com)
  • Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is formed when caustic soda (NaOH) and chlorine (Cl 2 ) react. (asc.co.id)
  • A comparison of commercial sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) products was made. (japaneasy.it)
  • Sodium chlorite [CAS No. The reverse reaction of converting chlorine dioxide to sodium chlorite … Sodium Hypochlorite is a chemical compound with the formula NaOCl. (japaneasy.it)
  • As the name suggests, calcium hypochlorite aka Cal-hypo contains calcium which isn't present in sodium hypochlorite … These compounds react to form sodium chlorite and sodium … However, no specific data/ … Absorption of NO into acidic NaOCl solution was found first order with … Sodium hypochlorite as manufactured is adjusted with water to the respective concentration of available chlorine. (japaneasy.it)
  • Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is an NSF/ANSI 61 approved chemical at a 15% concentration or less for Poly Processing's tank systems. (polyprocessing.com)
  • Sodium Hypochlorite Naocl disebut juga dengan nama natrium hypoclorid atau kaporit cair. (kimiapembersih.com)
  • In hot sodium hypochlorite solutions, this reaction competes with chlorate formation, yielding sodium chloride and oxygen gas: 2 NaOCl (aq) → 2 NaCl (aq) + O 2 (g) These two decomposition reactions of NaClO solutions are maximized at pH around 6. (yahoo.com)
  • This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ErYAG laser-initiated shockwave-enhanced emission of photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS®) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) combining thymol -based solvent or sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in the removal of filling remnants from curved canals . (bvsalud.org)
  • variable taper) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). (bvsalud.org)
  • RESUMEN: Evaluar el efecto en la resistencia adhesiva al cizallamiento (SBS) de la aplicación de 5% de NAOCl después del grabado ácido en dientes anteriores fluoróticos tallados y analizar la superficie con microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM), también comparar esmalte tallado fluorótico y sano por microscopía de fuerza atómica (AFM) y microdureza Vickers (VM). (bvsalud.org)
Hydroxide6
  • formed, together with the chloride, by the reaction between chlorine and cold dilute sodium hydroxide. (culturalheritage.org)
  • Sodium chlorite generation 3 The chlorine dioxide gas is pumped into a vessel containing a cooled, circulating solution of sodium hydroxide. (japaneasy.it)
  • In the process, sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and sodium chloride (NaCl) are formed when chlorine is passed into cold and dilute sodium hydroxide solution. (sagammo.com)
  • Chemicals employed in the bleaching process included chlorine (7782505), sodium-hydroxide (1310732), chlorine-dioxide (10049044), and sodium-hypochlorite (7681529). (cdc.gov)
  • FIRST AID TREATMENT: Contains sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide. (clorox.ca)
  • Sodium hydroxide and sodium hypochlorite, the two main active components, generate heat to break up the clog in the drain. (truevalueplumbingsandiego.com)
Disinfectant6
  • Sodium Hypochlorite is a chlorine compound often used as a disinfectant or a bleaching agent. (cncagri.com)
  • The chloride ion combines with chromium in the passive layer, forming soluble … Hydrogen peroxide- and sodium hypochlorite-based disinfectant products had similar bactericidal effects against both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa biofilms. (japaneasy.it)
  • All you need is salt and water - and you can watch this Sodium Hypochlorite-Generating Spray Bottle create hypochlorous acid water, which is a great disinfectant with antiviral properties. (koalacabana.com)
  • Additional advantage is that sodium hypochlorite, being a potent disinfectant, reduces the risk of laboratory acquired infections. (who.int)
  • In Attleboro, we use sodium hypochlorite as a disinfectant. (cityofattleboro.us)
  • Blood spills should be cleaned up promptly with a disinfectant solution, such as sodium hypochlorite (see above). (cdc.gov)
Disinfection5
  • In many developed countries sodium hypochlorite is used for the disinfection of drinking water.Sodium hypochlorite is also widely used in waste water treatment. (asc.co.id)
  • After most impurities in waste water have been removed by other technical means such as biofiltration, just before being discharged, wastewater is treated with sodium hypochlorite.Cleaning and disinfection procedures using sodium hypochlorite is a well known practice in the food, beverage, and dairy industry. (asc.co.id)
  • Sodium hypochlorite is used in many products for household cleaning and disinfection. (asc.co.id)
  • Sodium ChloriteBackgroundSodium chlorite is a compound used for water disinfection and purification. (japaneasy.it)
  • Sodium hypochlorite products that make pesticidal claims, such as sanitization or disinfection, must be registered by EPA and be labeled with an EPA Registration Number. (halyardhealth.in)
Site sodium hypochlorite generation2
  • The article discusses the advantages and limitations of using sodium hypochlorite, and provides comparisons of capital costs and annual O&M costs of chlorine gas, commercial sodium hypochlorite, and on‐site sodium hypochlorite generation. (japaneasy.it)
  • The second way sodium hypochlorite is used is in a process called on‐site sodium hypochlorite generation (OSHG). (polyprocessing.com)
Concentration12
  • Is there any product (which can be purchased online) that falls under this concentration of hypochlorite? (sciencemadness.org)
  • In this study, some characteristics of commonly used sodium hypochlorite irrigants were investigated, such as: concentration, pH, and storage conditions. (bvsalud.org)
  • 551) 200-2751 CHEMTREC - (800) 424-9300 SECTION 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product Name: Hypochlorite … Sodium hypochlorite also has a limited shelf- life and the concentration of available chlorine begins to drop as soon as it is produced. (japaneasy.it)
  • As salt passes through the tubes at a low voltage, the electrolysis is triggered and low concentration sodium hypochlorite is created. (polyprocessing.com)
  • The sodium hypochlorite solution is then stored in a tank as a low-concentration finished product at .8% to 1% concentration. (polyprocessing.com)
  • The tank system is a 1.90 SPG XLPE tank with OR-1000 interior resin ,PVC fittings, Viton gaskets, and titanium bolts for concentrated sodium hypochlorite and 1.65 SPG XLPE tank with PVC fittings, Viton Gaskets, and titanium bolts for .8% concentration. (polyprocessing.com)
  • Chlorine evolution efficiency of electrolytic tank, over 90% in salt solution, over 85% in seawater (the Sodium chloride concentration should be 3 %-5% in seawater. (sagammo.com)
  • Sodium hypochlorite generator is a device that the salt water of low concentration is electrolyzed by electrodes, electrochemical reaction happens and it generates sodium hypochlorite finally. (sagammo.com)
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Detection of tubercle bacilli in sputum: application of sodium hypochlorite concentration method. (who.int)
  • The concentration of sodium in the water varies depending on the season and on the amount of salt that has been used on roadways neighboring the watershed areas. (cityofattleboro.us)
  • The latest 3-year average sodium concentration for the West Street facility is 65 milligrams per liter. (cityofattleboro.us)
  • Liquid waste disinfected with sodium hypochlorite to a final concentration of 500 - 1000 mg/L chlorine can be discharged to the sewer system. (ucsc.edu)
Chloride5
  • Largely Trusted In Indian and Foreign Markets For Obtaining Pure Glycerine, Sodium Hypochlorite, Magnesium Chloride Flakes, Caustic Soda Flakes, Citric Acid Powder, etc. (deepakimpex.com)
  • Technical Sodium Chlorite Solution 31.25 Sodium Chlorite, min (%) 24.25 Sodium Chloride, max (%) 3.0 Inert Ingredients, mixture of other sodium salts (%) 3 - 4 68.25 -75.75 Appearance clear, pale yellow Density @ 25ºC (lb/gal) 10.2 Crystallization Point (ºC) -7 Properties of Technical Sodium Chlorite Solution 18.75 Sodium Chlorite… Because of its liquid nature Sodium Hypo is usually … Chlorine gas itself is oxidative while sodium hypochlorite can liberate chlorine gas for its applications. (japaneasy.it)
  • Solution: 5% sodium chloride solution. (sagammo.com)
  • Sodium chloride, commonly known as salt (although sea salt also contains other chemical salts), is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions. (yahoo.com)
  • Sodium chloride is the salt most responsible for the salinity of seawater and of the extra. (yahoo.com)
Disinfectants2
  • Sodium and calcium hypochlorite are used primarily as bleaching agents or disinfectants. (cdc.gov)
  • Cleaning solutions are ethanol and sodium hypochlorite based, the best disinfectants to eliminate viruses from all surfaces. (italianway.house)
Concentrations of sodium2
  • In vitro antimicrobial activity of several concentrations of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate in the elimination of Enterococcus faecalis. (jendodon.com)
  • Commercial bleaches may contain higher concentrations of sodium hypochlorite and are more likely to cause serious injury. (cdc.gov)
Jual Sodium Hypochlorite1
Produce sodium hypochlorite1
  • Here lists some other forms of mmo titanium anodes to produce sodium hypochlorite. (sagammo.com)
Higher concentrations1
  • However, the use of sodium hypochlorite in higher concentrations can release appreciable amounts of heat and chlorine gas. (nrc.gov)
Electrolytic1
  • electrolytic sodium hypochlorite generators, and chemical dosing skids. (watermanclo2.com)
Solution12
  • Sodium hypochlorite is generally available in two forms: as a commercial solution containing 12 to 15 trade percent available chlorine (a so-called bleaching solution), and as a household solution containing 5 trade percent chlorine. (nrc.gov)
  • Trade percent is defined as the amount of chlorine, in grams, that is available for each 100 milliliters of sodium hypochlorite solution. (nrc.gov)
  • The inoculated leaves were then treated with a 3-min water wash, a 3-min wash with a sodium hypochlorite sanitizing solution (300 or 600 ppm), or various doses of ionizing radiation (0.25 to 1.5 kGy). (allenpress.com)
  • Prominent & Leading Manufacturer from Vadodara, we offer sodium chlorite 25% solution for bleaching and sodium hypochlorite solution ( use as a sanitizer purpose anti virus solution). (destinychemicals.com)
  • sodium hypochlorite is usually a greenish yellow, aqueous solution. (cdc.gov)
  • ASC delivers sodium hypochlorite to customers in the form of 10% solution. (asc.co.id)
  • 80% sodium chlorite and as an aqueous solution. (japaneasy.it)
  • This research examined cleaning by sodium hypochlorite solution with a focus on how the ionic strength of the solution affects its efficiency during flux recovery. (elsevier.com)
  • Available chlorine is 8-10g/l in the sodium hypochlorite solution produced. (sagammo.com)
  • The solution must be kept below 40 °C (by cooling coils) to prevent the undesired formation of sodium chlorate. (sagammo.com)
  • The sodium hypochlorite can be obtained by electrolysis salt solution. (sagammo.com)
  • Logarithmic reduction of bacterial count within the root canal of sodium hypochlorite solution. (who.int)
Concentrated hypochlorite solutions1
  • If you inhale chlorine gas released from concentrated hypochlorite solutions you may experience nasal irritation, sore throat, and coughing. (cdc.gov)
Chlorine dioxide1
  • Sodium and calcium hypochlorite … There are people who may have a combination of issues and as chlorine dioxide is introduced to their … Its' popularity is derived from the fact that while it has a proven wide-spectrum of activity, it deodorises, it is non-poisonous in low concentrations and it breaks down to give harmless naturally occurring products (salt, water, oxygen). (japaneasy.it)
Water19
  • Sodium hypochlorite is generally used dissolved in water at various concentrations. (cdc.gov)
  • Calcium hypochlorite is a white solid that readily decomposes in water releasing oxygen and chlorine. (cdc.gov)
  • In water and soil, sodium and calcium hypochlorite separate into sodium, calcium and hypochlorite ions (an ion is an electrically charged atom or molecule). (cdc.gov)
  • When a Massachusetts water treatment plant needed reliable level measurement of their sodium hypochlorite storage tanks, they turned to Flowline. (flowline.com)
  • For spinach leaf pieces, neither the water nor the sodium hypochlorite washes resulted in significant reductions of E. coli O157:H7 cells relative to the untreated control. (allenpress.com)
  • It is widely used bleaching, disinfecting and oxidizing agents.Sodium hypochlorite is widely used in swimming pools to disinfect the water and to oxidize pollutants in the water. (asc.co.id)
  • Sodium hypochlorite is also commonly used in the pretreatment of cooling water to prevent biofouling in a cooling water system which involves piping, heat exchangers, cooling towers, etc. (asc.co.id)
  • Sodium chlorite is soluble in water, insoluble in non-polar solvents, and sparingly soluble in polar solvents (Merck, 2001). (japaneasy.it)
  • Sodium hypochlorite is used in a variety of applications, particularly for disinfecting drinking water and wastewater in treatment plants. (polyprocessing.com)
  • The sodium hypochlorite has been widely used to disinfect drinking water, sanitary wares, dish wares, fruits and vegetables. (sagammo.com)
  • Sodium monofluorophosphate , commonly abbreviated SMFP, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na 2 PO 3 F. Typical for a salt, MFP is odourless, colourless, and water-soluble. (yahoo.com)
  • EHM Water Ionizers is a lively and enthusiastic manufacturer centered on sodium hypochlorite cleaner. (ehm-waterionizer.com)
  • Industrial and municipal water treatment application are expected to drive the demand of Sodium hypochlorite market and are expected to keep the growth of XX% and XX% respectively. (bloggersbaba.com)
  • Water issue is creating an opportunity for the sodium hypochlorite market players. (bloggersbaba.com)
  • Increasing demand for sodium hypochlorite from water treatment industry is a main factor propelling growth of the global sodium hypochlorite market. (bloggersbaba.com)
  • How much sodium is in my water? (cityofattleboro.us)
  • Bulk chemical distribution of chlorination products for commercial pools, water treatment, agriculture & industrial treatment using sodium hypochlorite. (pressurewashingresource.com)
  • If the site is not collocated with well #4 then a small storage tank with a few hundred gallons of sodium hypochlorite will be stored in the well house for injection into the drinking water system. (seasidecampustown.com)
  • Against this background, the book evaluates the design and findings of all studies relevant to the carcinogenicity assessment of chlorinated drinking-water, two chemicals (sodium chlorite and hypochlorite salts) used in the chlorination of water, eight of the by-products most frequently measured in drinking-water, and three additional halogenated chemicals detected in drinking-water. (who.int)
Calcium19
  • This fact sheet answers the most frequently asked health questions about sodium and calcium hypoclorite. (cdc.gov)
  • The general public can be exposed to small amounts of sodium and calcium hypochlorite by using household products that contain these chemicals. (cdc.gov)
  • Sodium and calcium hypochlorite can cause irritation of the eyes, skin, respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. (cdc.gov)
  • Sodium and calcium hypochlorite have been found 6 times each in the 1,585 National Priorities List sites identified by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (cdc.gov)
  • What are sodium and calcium hypochlorite? (cdc.gov)
  • What happens to sodium and calcium hypochlorite when they enter the environment? (cdc.gov)
  • When released to air, sodium and calcium hypochlorite are broken down by sunlight and compounds commonly found in the air. (cdc.gov)
  • Sodium and calcium hypochlorite do not accumulate in the food chain. (cdc.gov)
  • How might I be exposed to sodium and calcium hypochlorite? (cdc.gov)
  • How can sodium and calcium hypochlorite affect my health? (cdc.gov)
  • The toxic effects of sodium and calcium hypochlorite are due primarily to the corrosive properties of hypochlorite. (cdc.gov)
  • How likely are sodium and calcium hypochlorite to cause cancer? (cdc.gov)
  • How does sodium and calcium hypochlorite affect children? (cdc.gov)
  • What about buying calcium hypochlorite powder/granules for pools and adding sodium sulphate to it? (sciencemadness.org)
  • Persons contaminated with calcium hypochlorite dust, or whose clothing or skin is soaked with industrial-strength hypochlorite solutions may be corrosive to rescuers and may release harmful vapor. (cdc.gov)
  • Calcium hypochlorite is not flammable, but it acts as an oxidizer with combustible material and may react explosively with ammonia, amines, or organic sulfides. (cdc.gov)
  • Calcium hypochlorite should be stored in a dry, well ventilated area at a temperature below 120 °F (50 °C) separated fromacids, ammonia, amines, and other chlorinating or oxidizing agents. (cdc.gov)
  • Sodium hypochlorite is less expensive than calcium hypochlorite. (japaneasy.it)
  • The chlorine gas is passed through separation towers and is picked up as sodium or calcium hypochlorite. (japaneasy.it)
NaCl1
  • 5 to 15% sodium hypochlorite, with 0.25 to 0.35% free alkali (usually NaOH) and 0.5 to 1.5% NaCl. (cdc.gov)
NaOH1
  • I intend to use the hypochlorite for a reaction which is moderately sensitive to contaminants (NaOH is OK). (sciencemadness.org)
Untuk1
  • Sodium hypoclorite dapat digunakan dalam proses bleaching , misalnya pada pabrik pulp / kertas.Juga banyak digunakan untuk proses pembersihan air pada kolam renang atau penampungan limbah. (kimiapembersih.com)
Bleaching Powder3
  • Our Indore, Madhya Pradesh (India) based company is an active wholesaler, supplier and trader of Bleaching Powder, Caustic Soda Flakes, Sodium Hypochlorite, Pure Glycerine, etc. (deepakimpex.com)
  • Our range containing Bleaching Powder, Pure Glycerine, Sodium Hypochlorite, to mention a few chemicals, is pure and safe. (deepakimpex.com)
  • Trichloroisocyanuric Acid Tablets has been proved to be a better and more economical alternative to bleaching powder and sodium hypochlorite for all kinds of chlorination applications. (chemicals99.com)
Chlorite2
  • Today, sodium chlorite is an important specialty … The greatest benefit of activated sodium chlorite (known also as the Miracle Mineral Supplement or better known as MMS) other than its all natural make-up, is the ability it has to target one or more conditions of the body at once. (japaneasy.it)
  • When these two parts are combined, they create acidified sodium chlorite … Compare Products: Select up to 4 products. (japaneasy.it)
Ammonia3
  • Breathing sodium hypochlorite fumes may also cause poisoning, especially if the product is mixed with ammonia. (medlineplus.gov)
  • sodium hypochlorite solutions can react with acids or ammonia to release chlorine or chloramine. (cdc.gov)
  • Sodium hypochlorite solutions can liberate dangerous amounts of chlorine or chloramine if mixed with acids or ammonia. (cdc.gov)
Salts1
  • The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has determined that hypochlorite salts are not classifiable as to their carcinogenicity to humans. (cdc.gov)
Dilution1
  • At the same time, automatic dilution of the hypochlorite from 12.5% to 6% occurs (to extend the life of the hypochlorite). (dioxide.com)
Search1
Liquid2
  • http://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/Sodium-Hypochlorite-15-Liquid-Chlo. (sciencemadness.org)
  • Sodium hypochlorite solutions are a clear, greenish yellow liquid with an odor of chlorine. (cdc.gov)
Wastewater1
  • Three contract workers die while repairing a sodium hypochlorite tank at a wastewater treatment plant - Virginia, September 25, 1992. (cdc.gov)
Kimia1
  • POMPA SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE nyedhiyakake injeksi kimia sing tepat kanthi rega ekonomis. (cndkby.com)
Hydrogen1
  • Next, the hydrogen-rich sodium hypochlorite travels to a tank that pulls off the hydrogen gas. (polyprocessing.com)
React1
  • Both hypochlorites are toxic by the oral and dermal routes and can react to release chlorine or chloramine which can be inhaled. (cdc.gov)
Irritation4
  • If you ingest a small amount of household bleaches (3-6% hypochlorite) you may experience gastrointestinal irritation. (cdc.gov)
  • Long-term exposure to low levels of hypochlorite can cause dermal irritation. (cdc.gov)
  • Watered-down (diluted) sodium hypochlorite generally causes only mild stomach irritation. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Household bleaches (3 to 6% sodium hypochlorite) usually cause esophageal irritation, but rarely cause strictures or serious injury such as perforation. (cdc.gov)
Products4
  • In the petrochemical industry, sodium hypochlorite is used in petroleum products refining. (japaneasy.it)
  • Apart from Sodium hypochlorite 14°/o and Sodium hypochlorite 5°/o, the HH RA and the ENV RA under PT 2 are focused also on two ready-to-use products (Sodium hypochlorite 3°/o and Sodium hypochlorite … Neither compound occurs naturally in the environment. (japaneasy.it)
  • How long can sodium hypochlorite products be used? (ehm-waterionizer.com)
  • If properly used, the sodium hypochlorite products can be used for a long time. (ehm-waterionizer.com)
Packing1
  • We are offering Sodium Hypochlorite in different sealed packing so as to meet the needs and requirements of the clients. (prakashchemicalsagencies.com)
Juga1
  • Sodium hypoclorite juga digunakan dalam pengondisian air pendingin di berbagai industri guna mencegah tumbuhnya lumut, misalnya di dalam pipa-pipa, unit penukar panas ( heat exchanger ). (kimiapembersih.com)
10.01
  • Sodium hypochlorite topical has an average rating of 10.0 out of 10 from a total of 2 ratings on Drugs.com. (drugs.com)
Ultrafiltration1
  • Ultrafiltration membranes with various molecular weight cut-offs were clogged with bovine serum albumin, then flushed with sodium hypochlorite solutions of different ionic strengths. (elsevier.com)
Solvent1
  • Effect of a novel laser-initiated photoacoustic activation of a solvent or sodium hypochlorite in the removal of filling remnants after retreatment of curved root canals. (bvsalud.org)
Caustic1
Bulk2
  • Dioxide Pacific provides sodium hypochlorite dosing systems in package formats which can include bulk chemical storage tanks, chemical bunding, tanker unloading areas, metering pumps, chlorine residual analysers, electrical control panels with site installation and commissioning. (dioxide.com)
  • One way is by shipping 12% to 15% sodium hypochlorite via bulk delivery. (polyprocessing.com)
12.51
  • When I needed to buy some 10-12.5% sodium hypochlorite I didn't find it in 1L bottles aswell, but who cares, if you truly need it, buy 5 gallon ones instead. (sciencemadness.org)
Oxidation1
  • Hypochlorite oxidation of starch is one of the most useful reactions developed for the modification of starch. (asc.co.id)
Mildew remover poisoning: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Mildew remover poisoning: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (medlineplus.gov)
Knowledge and Practices Regarding Safe Household Cleaning and Disinfection for COVID-19 Prevention - United States, May 2020 |...
Knowledge and Practices Regarding Safe Household Cleaning and Disinfection for COVID-19 Prevention - United States, May 2020 |... (cdc.gov)
Off grid power solutions for water chlorination
Off grid power solutions for water chlorination (awa.asn.au)
Environmental Cleaning Supplies and Equipment | Environmental Cleaning in RLS | HAI | CDC
Environmental Cleaning Supplies and Equipment | Environmental Cleaning in RLS | HAI | CDC (cdc.gov)
Guidelines for Safe Work Practices in Human and Animal Medical Diagnostic Laboratories
Guidelines for Safe Work Practices in Human and Animal Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (cdc.gov)
Sinus Rinsing For Health or Religious Practice | Naegleria fowleri | CDC
Sinus Rinsing For Health or Religious Practice | Naegleria fowleri | CDC (cdc.gov)
ATSDR - Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) 2001
ATSDR - Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) 2001 (atsdr.cdc.gov)
ATSDR - Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) 1997
ATSDR - Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) 1997 (atsdr.cdc.gov)
ATSDR - Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) 2004 Annual Report
ATSDR - Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) 2004 Annual Report (atsdr.cdc.gov)
ATSDR - Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) 2005 Annual Report
ATSDR - Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) 2005 Annual Report (atsdr.cdc.gov)
ATSDR - Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) 2002 Annual Report
ATSDR - Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) 2002 Annual Report (atsdr.cdc.gov)
ATSDR - Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) 1996
ATSDR - Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) 1996 (atsdr.cdc.gov)
ATSDR - Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) Cummulative Report 1993-1997
ATSDR - Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) Cummulative Report 1993-1997 (atsdr.cdc.gov)
Homemade Chemical Bomb Events and Resulting Injuries --- Selected States, January 1996--March 2003
Homemade Chemical Bomb Events and Resulting Injuries --- Selected States, January 1996--March 2003 (cdc.gov)
Interim Guidance for Cargo Trucking Crews for the Prevention of Pandemic Influenza | Pandemic Influenza (Flu) | CDC
Interim Guidance for Cargo Trucking Crews for the Prevention of Pandemic Influenza | Pandemic Influenza (Flu) | CDC (cdc.gov)
Anti-Infective Agents in Periodontal Treatment
Anti-Infective Agents in Periodontal Treatment (medscape.com)
Making hand sanitizer at home: Risks and recommendations
Making hand sanitizer at home: Risks and recommendations (medicalnewstoday.com)
Wound Irrigation: Overview, Preparation, Technique
Wound Irrigation: Overview, Preparation, Technique (emedicine.medscape.com)