Social Desirability
Organizations, Nonprofit
Behavioral Research
Bias (Epidemiology)
Questionnaires
Self Report
Personality Assessment
Interviews as Topic
Factor Analysis, Statistical
Reproducibility of Results
Social Support
Health Behavior
Children's perceptions of peers with somatic symptoms: the impact of gender, stress, and illness. (1/206)
OBJECTIVE: To investigate how illness characteristics influence children's responses to ill peers. METHODS: A sample of 363 4th and 5th graders responded to a vignette describing a peer with abdominal pain. In a 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 design, conditions varied by (a) evidence for organic disease, (b) presence of stress, (c) sex of vignette character, and (d) sex of respondent. Children rated symptom severity, liking for the peer, and whether the peer should be excused from normal responsibilities. RESULTS: Same sex preferences significantly influenced children's liking for a peer. Children viewed symptoms with an organic etiology as more severe than those without one. Under certain conditions, symptom severity judgments mediated the relation between the presence of organic disease and (a) liking and (b) granting relief from responsibility. The presence of stress had little effect on ratings of symptom severity, liking, or relief from responsibility. CONCLUSIONS: Gender and evidence of organic disease influence children's perceptions of and responses to symptomatic peers. (+info)Children's attitudes and behavioral intentions toward a peer presented as obese: does a medical explanation for the obesity make a difference? (2/206)
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of information on children's attitudes and behavioral intentions toward a peer presented as obese. METHODS: Children (N = 184) were randomly assigned to observe a video of a boy or girl in one of three conditions: average-weight, obese, obese with medical information explaining the obesity. They rated stereotypical attitudes on the Adjective Checklist and behavioral intentions on the Shared Activities Questionnaire (SAQ-B). RESULTS: Ratings were generally more favorable for the average-weight than for the obese condition. However, provision of medical information had a positive effect on attitudes toward the obese peer only for younger children and a negative effect on willingness of older children to share academic activities with the peer. Boys and girls showed more positive behavioral intentions toward the same-sex target child regardless of obesity condition. CONCLUSIONS: Information explaining obesity has a minimal positive effect on children's attitudes and behavioral intentions toward a peer presented as obese. (+info)Risk factors for alcohol dependence: a case-control study. (3/206)
Several possible risk factors for ICD-10 alcohol dependence were studied by comparing cases (117 men, 188 women) with controls (248 men, 300 women). Logistic regression analyses showed that parental alcohol problems and high trait anxiety were significantly related to high occurrence of alcohol dependence in both men and women. In women, high antisocial behaviour, high impulsivity, and high externality were also related to high occurrence of alcohol dependence. High facial flushing and high stimulation when intoxicated were related to low occurrence of alcohol dependence in both men and women. In men, this was also the case for high social support. Several interactions were observed. In contrast to earlier studies, there was no significant association between alcohol dependence and left-handedness. (+info)Identity in adolescent survivors of childhood cancer. (4/206)
OBJECTIVE: To investigate identify formation among adolescent survivors of childhood cancer. Family functioning, perceived emotional support from family and peers, life stress, and anxiety produced by the cancer experience also were examined as they influenced identity development. METHOD: Participants were 52 adolescent survivors and their mothers recruited from a medical center and 42 healthy adolescent counterparts and their mothers recruited from the community. RESULTS: A greater frequency of survivors than their healthy peers was found within the foreclosed identity status. Factors associated with the foreclosed identity status included the cancer diagnosis, symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and family functioning characterized by greater levels of conflict. CONCLUSIONS: Data were interpreted to suggest that the foreclosed identity status may serve a protective function in assisting survivors to cope with the stressors of the cancer experience. (+info)A cross-domain growth analysis: externalizing and internalizing behaviors during 8 years of childhood. (5/206)
In a sample of 405 children assessed in kindergarten through the seventh grade, we determined the basic developmental trajectories of mother-reported and teacher-reported externalizing and internalizing behaviors using cross-domain latent growth modeling techniques. We also investigated the effects of race, socioeconomic level, gender, and sociometric peer-rejection status in kindergarten on these trajectories. The results indicated that, on average, the development of these behaviors was different depending upon the source of the data. We found evidence of the codevelopment of externalizing and internalizing behaviors within and across reporters. In addition, we found that African-American children had lower levels of externalizing behavior in kindergarten as reported by mothers than did European-American children but they had greater increases in these behaviors when reported by teachers. Children from homes with lower SES levels had higher initial levels of externalizing behaviors and teacher-reported internalizing behaviors. Males showed greater increases in teacher-reported externalizing behavior over time than did the females. Rejected children had trajectories of mother-reported externalizing and internalizing behavior that began at higher levels and either remained stable or increased more rapidly than did the trajectories for non-rejected children which decreased over time. (+info)Relationship between occlusion and satisfaction with dental appearance in orthodontically treated and untreated groups. A longitudinal study. (6/206)
The aims of this study were to assess the relationship between occlusion, satisfaction with dental appearance, and self-esteem at the ages of 11 (T1) and 15 years (T2), and to study perceived treatment effects. Separate questionnaires were completed by children and their parents to determine their attitude. The dental casts of 224 children were collected at T1 and T2, and assessed by the Aesthetic Component (AC) and Dental Health Component (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN), and Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) Index. At T2, 16 children had been treated with removable and 51 with fixed appliances, while 157 were untreated. The children in the fixed appliance group had better dental aesthetics (AC) and occlusion (DHC) than those in the two other groups. Average PAR score reduction was 71.6 per cent (T1-T2) and satisfaction with own or child's dental appearance increased significantly. The untreated group showed increased malocclusions. In spite of that, the children expressed higher satisfaction with their own dental appearance at T2 than at T1, while the parents' satisfaction level was unchanged. For the total group, orthodontic concern at T1, AC at T2, and gender accounted for 18.0 per cent of the variation in the children's satisfaction with their own dental appearance. Parents' concern at T1 and AC at T2 accounted for 32.2 per cent of the variation in parents' satisfaction. Improvement in self-esteem from 11 to 15 years was not correlated with treatment changes. A gender difference was found. The answers to the questionnaire indicated that both children and parents rate pleasant aesthetics as an important factor for psychosocial well being. (+info)Brief report: perceptions of young adolescents about a hypothetical new peer with cancer: an analog study. (7/206)
OBJECTIVE: To assess attitudes and behavioral intentions (desire to engage a peer in academic, social, and general activities) of young adolescents toward a hypothetical new peer with cancer and to assess the relationship between attitudes and empathy. METHODS: Two hundred fifty middle school students viewed videotapes of a hypothetical peer (i.e., actor) with or without cancer. Participants completed a measure of empathy and a measure of social desirability before viewing the videotape. Participants completed a measure of attitudes and a measure of behavioral intentions after viewing the videotape. RESULTS: Participants gave significantly higher ratings of behavioral intention (e.g., were more accepting) to the peer with cancer than to the healthy peer. Also, participants with high empathy reported more favorable impressions toward the hypothetical new peer than did participants with low or moderate empathy. Female participants had more favorable attitudes and behavioral intentions toward the hypothetical new peer than did male participants. CONCLUSIONS: The social perceptions of young adolescents about peers with cancer may be less negative than previously hypothesized. (+info)Response bias by neuroblastoma screening participation status and social desirability bias in an anonymous postal survey, Ishikawa, Japan. (8/206)
OBJECTIVE: To examine response bias by neuroblastoma screening participation status in a population-based postal survey of parents in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. METHODS: The eligibility criteria for the study were: 1) parents whose infants were born in Ishikawa Prefecture between March 1997 and February 1998, and 2) of those parents who resided in the Prefecture in March 1999. Four-page questionnaires were mailed to one-third of screening participants (n = 2,886) and all the nonparticipants (n = 1,401). Questionnaires were anonymous, with no identifiers on the questionnaire. Colored papers were used for printing questionnaires to differentiate screening participation status. Response rates were calculated using demographic information on the infant registry as the denominator and demographic characteristics data from the returned questionnaire as the numerator. RESULTS: The response rate was 63% for participants and 33% for nonparticipants. The following factors were associated with lower response rates regardless of screening participation status: older maternal age (> or = 35 years), higher parity (> or = 4), nuclear family status, and mother having a full-time occupation. Approximately 20% of screening nonparticipants reported having participated in the screening. Place of residence, maternal age, and parity were associated with the percentage of incorrect reporting. CONCLUSION: Screening participation status was a major factor associated with low response rate, although some demographic characteristics were also predictive of low response rates. Incorrect reporting of screening participation among nonparticipants indicates a strong social desirability bias in this official survey in Japan. (+info)"Social desirability bias" is not a medical term per se, but rather a concept that's relevant in the fields of psychology, social sciences, and research methodology. It refers to the tendency of individuals to provide responses that they believe are socially acceptable or desirable, rather than their true feelings, thoughts, or behaviors, during surveys, interviews, or other forms of assessment. This bias can lead to inaccurate or skewed data, as it may not reflect the actual experiences or attitudes of the respondents. It's important for researchers to be aware of and control for social desirability bias to ensure the validity and reliability of their findings.
Nonprofit organizations in the medical context are private entities that operate on a nonprofit basis and are typically dedicated to furthering a particular social, healthcare-related, or advocacy mission. They are usually tax-exempt and rely on donations, grants, and sometimes membership fees to support their work. Examples of nonprofit organizations in the medical field include hospitals, clinics, research institutions, patient advocacy groups, and health-related foundations. Their primary goal is to provide services or conduct activities that benefit the community or a specific group, rather than generating profits for shareholders or owners.
In a medical or healthcare context, self-disclosure generally refers to the act of a patient voluntarily sharing personal, relevant information about themselves with their healthcare provider. This could include details about their lifestyle, thoughts, feelings, experiences, or symptoms that may be pertinent to their health status or treatment. The purpose of self-disclosure is to enhance the provider's understanding of the patient's condition and facilitate more effective care planning, monitoring, and management. It is essential for building trust, fostering open communication, and promoting a strong therapeutic relationship between patients and healthcare providers.
It is important to note that self-disclosure should be encouraged in a safe, respectful, and confidential environment, where the patient feels comfortable sharing personal information without fear of judgment or negative consequences. Healthcare providers must maintain appropriate professional boundaries while still fostering an atmosphere of trust and collaboration with their patients.
Coercion, in a medical context, refers to the use of threat, manipulation, or intimidation to force someone to make a specific healthcare decision that they might not have made willingly or that is against their better judgment. This can occur in various situations, such as when a patient is pressured to undergo a treatment they do not fully understand or agree with, or when a healthcare provider makes decisions on behalf of an incapacitated patient without considering their previously expressed wishes or values. Coercion undermines the principles of informed consent and autonomy and can lead to negative outcomes for patients, including decreased trust in their healthcare providers and poorer health outcomes.
Behavioral research is a branch of scientific study that focuses on observing and analyzing the behaviors of humans and animals in various situations. This type of research aims to understand the underlying factors that influence, shape, and motivate behavior, including cognitive processes, emotional responses, and environmental influences. In medical terms, behavioral research can be used to investigate how certain behaviors or lifestyle factors may contribute to the development, prevention, or management of health conditions. This may include studying patterns of substance use, dietary habits, physical activity levels, adherence to medical treatments, and other health-related behaviors. The goal of behavioral research in a medical context is often to develop interventions or strategies that can help promote positive health behaviors and improve overall health outcomes.
"Mental recall," also known as "memory recall," refers to the ability to retrieve or bring information from your memory storage into your conscious mind, so you can think about, use, or apply it. This process involves accessing and retrieving stored memories in response to certain cues or prompts. It is a fundamental cognitive function that allows individuals to remember and recognize people, places, events, facts, and experiences.
In the context of medical terminology, mental recall may be used to assess an individual's cognitive abilities, particularly in relation to memory function. Impairments in memory recall can be indicative of various neurological or psychological conditions, such as dementia, Alzheimer's disease, or amnesia.
A questionnaire in the medical context is a standardized, systematic, and structured tool used to gather information from individuals regarding their symptoms, medical history, lifestyle, or other health-related factors. It typically consists of a series of written questions that can be either self-administered or administered by an interviewer. Questionnaires are widely used in various areas of healthcare, including clinical research, epidemiological studies, patient care, and health services evaluation to collect data that can inform diagnosis, treatment planning, and population health management. They provide a consistent and organized method for obtaining information from large groups or individual patients, helping to ensure accurate and comprehensive data collection while minimizing bias and variability in the information gathered.
A "self-report" in a medical context refers to the information or data provided by an individual about their own symptoms, experiences, behaviors, or health status. This can be collected through various methods such as questionnaires, surveys, interviews, or diaries. Self-reports are commonly used in research and clinical settings to assess various aspects of health, including physical and mental health symptoms, quality of life, treatment adherence, and substance use.
While self-reports can be a valuable source of information, they may also be subject to biases such as recall bias, social desirability bias, or response distortion. Therefore, it is important to consider the potential limitations and validity of self-reported data in interpreting the results. In some cases, self-reports may be supplemented with other sources of information, such as medical records, physiological measures, or observer ratings.
Psychometrics is a branch of psychology that deals with the theory and technique of psychological measurement, such as the development and standardization of tests used to measure intelligence, aptitude, personality, attitudes, and other mental abilities or traits. It involves the construction and validation of measurement instruments, including the determination of their reliability and validity, and the application of statistical methods to analyze test data and interpret results. The ultimate goal of psychometrics is to provide accurate, objective, and meaningful measurements that can be used to understand individual differences and make informed decisions in educational, clinical, and organizational settings.
In the context of medicine and psychology, personality is a complex concept that refers to the unique patterns of thoughts, behaviors, and emotions that define an individual and differentiate them from others. It is the set of characteristics that influence how we perceive the world, how we relate to other people, and how we cope with stress and challenges.
Personality is thought to be relatively stable over time, although it can also evolve and change in response to life experiences and maturation. It is shaped by a combination of genetic factors, environmental influences, and developmental experiences.
There are many different theories and models of personality, including the Five Factor Model (FFM), which identifies five broad domains of personality: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Other approaches to understanding personality include psychoanalytic theory, humanistic psychology, and trait theory.
It's important to note that while the term "personality" is often used in everyday language to describe someone's behavior or demeanor, in medical and psychological contexts it refers to a more complex and multifaceted construct.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "prejudice" is not a term that has a medical definition in the same way that a term like "myocardial infarction" (heart attack) does. Prejudice is a psychological or sociological concept that refers to preconceived opinions or attitudes about a person or group that are not based on reason or actual experience. It often involves stereotypes and can lead to discrimination or unfair treatment. While prejudice itself is not a medical condition, it can certainly have impacts on mental and physical health, both for those who experience it and for those who hold such biases.
Social behavior, in the context of medicine and psychology, refers to the ways in which individuals interact and engage with others within their social environment. It involves various actions, communications, and responses that are influenced by cultural norms, personal values, emotional states, and cognitive processes. These behaviors can include but are not limited to communication, cooperation, competition, empathy, altruism, aggression, and conformity.
Abnormalities in social behavior may indicate underlying mental health conditions such as autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, or personality disorders. Therefore, understanding and analyzing social behavior is an essential aspect of diagnosing and treating various psychological and psychiatric conditions.
A personality assessment is a systematic process used by healthcare professionals to evaluate and understand an individual's characteristic patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior. It typically involves the use of standardized measures, such as self-report questionnaires, interviews, and observational techniques, to gather information about an individual's personality traits, attitudes, values, and behaviors.
The goal of a personality assessment is to provide a comprehensive and integrated understanding of an individual's unique personality style, including their strengths, weaknesses, and potential vulnerabilities. This information can be useful in a variety of contexts, including clinical treatment planning, vocational counseling, and forensic evaluation.
It is important to note that personality assessments should always be conducted by qualified professionals with appropriate training and expertise in the use of these measures. Additionally, while personality assessments can provide valuable insights into an individual's personality style, they are not infallible and should always be considered alongside other sources of information when making important decisions about treatment or management.
Diet records are documents used to track and record an individual's food and beverage intake over a specific period. These records may include details such as the type and quantity of food consumed, time of consumption, and any related observations or notes. Diet records can be used for various purposes, including assessing dietary habits and patterns, identifying potential nutritional deficiencies or excesses, and developing personalized nutrition plans. They are often used in research, clinical settings, and weight management programs.
I'm happy to help, but it seems there might be some confusion in your question. "Interviews" is a broad topic that isn't typically a medical term or subject. However, interviews can certainly be a part of medical settings and procedures, such as job interviews for healthcare positions, patient interviews during medical consultations, or research interviews in clinical studies.
In the context of medical education, an interview might refer to the process by which medical schools evaluate applicants for admission, known as the medical school interview. This is a critical component of the application process and typically involves one-on-one conversations between the applicant and an admissions committee member or a series of multiple mini-interviews (MMIs) with various evaluators.
If you could provide more context or clarify what you mean by "Interviews as Topic" in a medical setting, I'd be happy to help further!
I am not a medical doctor, but I can provide you with some information on this topic. Self-concept is more commonly discussed in psychology than in medicine, but it still has relevance to understanding individual experiences and behaviors in health and illness.
Self-concept refers to an individual's perception, beliefs, and attitudes about themselves, encompassing various dimensions such as:
1. Physical self (how one perceives their physical appearance, abilities, and health)
2. Social self (how one perceives their relationships with others, social roles, and status)
3. Psychological or personal self (how one perceives their personality traits, values, and beliefs)
Self-concept can influence how people view their own health, cope with illness, and engage in health behaviors. For example, a positive self-concept may contribute to better adherence to treatment plans and healthier lifestyle choices, while negative self-concepts might lead to poorer health outcomes due to decreased motivation or self-efficacy.
Understanding an individual's self-concept can help healthcare professionals tailor their communication style, recommendations, and interventions to better meet the patient's needs and preferences.
Factor analysis is a statistical technique used to identify patterns or structures in a dataset by explaining the correlations between variables. It is a method of simplifying complex data by reducing it to a smaller set of underlying factors that can explain most of the variation in the data. In other words, factor analysis is a way to uncover hidden relationships between multiple variables and group them into meaningful categories or factors.
In factor analysis, each variable is represented as a linear combination of underlying factors, where the factors are unobserved variables that cannot be directly measured but can only be inferred from the observed data. The goal is to identify these underlying factors and determine their relationships with the observed variables. This technique is commonly used in various fields such as psychology, social sciences, marketing, and biomedical research to explore complex datasets and gain insights into the underlying structure of the data.
There are two main types of factor analysis: exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). EFA is used when there is no prior knowledge about the underlying factors, and the goal is to discover the potential structure in the data. CFA, on the other hand, is used when there is a theoretical framework or hypothesis about the underlying factors, and the goal is to test whether the observed data support this framework or hypothesis.
In summary, factor analysis is a statistical method for reducing complex datasets into simpler components called factors, which can help researchers identify patterns, structures, and relationships in the data.
Reproducibility of results in a medical context refers to the ability to obtain consistent and comparable findings when a particular experiment or study is repeated, either by the same researcher or by different researchers, following the same experimental protocol. It is an essential principle in scientific research that helps to ensure the validity and reliability of research findings.
In medical research, reproducibility of results is crucial for establishing the effectiveness and safety of new treatments, interventions, or diagnostic tools. It involves conducting well-designed studies with adequate sample sizes, appropriate statistical analyses, and transparent reporting of methods and findings to allow other researchers to replicate the study and confirm or refute the results.
The lack of reproducibility in medical research has become a significant concern in recent years, as several high-profile studies have failed to produce consistent findings when replicated by other researchers. This has led to increased scrutiny of research practices and a call for greater transparency, rigor, and standardization in the conduct and reporting of medical research.
Sexual behavior refers to any physical or emotional interaction that has the potential to lead to sexual arousal and/or satisfaction. This can include a wide range of activities, such as kissing, touching, fondling, oral sex, vaginal sex, anal sex, and masturbation. It can also involve the use of sexual aids, such as vibrators or pornography.
Sexual behavior is influenced by a variety of factors, including biological, psychological, social, and cultural influences. It is an important aspect of human development and relationships, and it is essential to healthy sexual functioning and satisfaction. However, sexual behavior can also be associated with risks, such as sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancies, and it is important for individuals to engage in safe and responsible sexual practices.
It's important to note that sexual behavior can vary widely among individuals and cultures, and what may be considered normal or acceptable in one culture or context may not be in another. It's also important to recognize that all individuals have the right to make informed decisions about their own sexual behavior and to have their sexual rights and autonomy respected.
Social support in a medical context refers to the resources and assistance provided by an individual's social network, including family, friends, peers, and community groups. These resources can include emotional, informational, and instrumental support, which help individuals cope with stress, manage health conditions, and maintain their overall well-being.
Emotional support involves providing empathy, care, and encouragement to help an individual feel valued, understood, and cared for. Informational support refers to the provision of advice, guidance, and knowledge that can help an individual make informed decisions about their health or other aspects of their life. Instrumental support includes practical assistance such as help with daily tasks, financial aid, or access to resources.
Social support has been shown to have a positive impact on physical and mental health outcomes, including reduced stress levels, improved immune function, better coping skills, and increased resilience. It can also play a critical role in promoting healthy behaviors, such as adherence to medical treatments and lifestyle changes.
Health behavior can be defined as a series of actions and decisions that individuals take to protect, maintain or promote their health and well-being. These behaviors can include activities such as engaging in regular exercise, eating a healthy diet, getting sufficient sleep, practicing safe sex, avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption, and managing stress.
Health behaviors are influenced by various factors, including knowledge and attitudes towards health, beliefs and values, cultural norms, social support networks, environmental factors, and individual genetic predispositions. Understanding health behaviors is essential for developing effective public health interventions and promoting healthy lifestyles to prevent chronic diseases and improve overall quality of life.
Social-desirability bias
Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale
Attribution (psychology)
Bias
Bem Sex-Role Inventory
Response bias
Emotional approach coping
Ceiling effect (statistics)
Trait theory
Matching hypothesis
Attitude-behavior consistency
False memory
Nature connectedness
Person-situation debate
Self-report study
Opposition to immigration
2010 California Proposition 19
Illusion of explanatory depth
Evaluation apprehension model
Clifford Winston
Hierarchical structure of the Big Five
Job interview
Revised NEO Personality Inventory
CRAFFT Screening Test
Focus group
Forestry Commission
Soaking (sexual practice)
Structure of Temperament Questionnaire
The quiet Australians
Mapa ng Loob
Social-desirability bias - Wikipedia
Social desirability bias in sexual behavior reporting: evidence from an interview mode experiment in rural Malawi
Didaktik der Biologie: Publikationen: Social Desirability, Environmental Attitudes and ...
"Item format and social desirability: Implications for interpretation o" by Edward Helmes, Julie Aitken Schermer et al.
Hiding Sensitive Topics by Design? An Experiment on the Reduction of Social Desirability Bias in Factorial Surveys
Issues in Measuring Opportunity to Learn Academic Language: Social Desirability and Teacher Education Effects | Aguirre-Munoz |...
The Social Desirability Of Preventive Health Behavior
Social desirability in personality testing of military officers
Joint desirability foundations of social choice and opinion pooling
Diferencias asociadas a la edad en el efecto de la deseabilidad social en el autoinforme del estado emocional<...
Social Desirability Bias - Equalture
Religion, social desirability bias and financial inclusion: Evidence from a list experiment on Islamic (micro-)finance<...
social desirability bias
Young Children's Social Desirability Scale (YCSD)
The Desirability of the Use of Technology to Prevent Social Isolation of Older Adults<...
Brazilian adaptation of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale
On alcohol guidelines and social desirability - The Science Bit
What is social desirability bias? - Alpe Audio: Courses online
Social Desirability Online Counselling - Best Apps For Therapy - https://www.teachnjenv.org/
Sage Research Methods Foundations - Social Desirability Bias and Sensitive Questions in Surveys
One is not enough: Group size modulates social gaze-induced object desirability effects - UEA Digital Repository
PDF) Reliability of the Parental Bonding Instrument and Intimate Bond Measure Scales
Is the Rise of the Nones Slowing? Scholars Say Maybe - Word&Way
Psychological markers of longevity in Sardinian centenarians: the impact of developmental factors and social desirability. |...
Does social desirability of entrepreneurship matter for early-stage entrepreneurs' internationalization? The moderating role of...
NDLI: Social desirability bias and self-reports of motivation: a study of amazon mechanical turk in the US and India
An item level evaluation of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale using item response theory on Icelandic Internet panel...
Bias28
- In social science research, social-desirability bias is a type of response bias that is the tendency of survey respondents to answer questions in a manner that will be viewed favorably by others. (wikipedia.org)
- In either case, the mean reports from both groups are likely to be distorted by social desirability bias. (wikipedia.org)
- Consequently, measures of social desirability confound true differences with social-desirability bias. (wikipedia.org)
- Social desirability bias is problematic in studies that rely on self-reported sexual behavior data. (nih.gov)
- Furthermore, it has been argued that assessing sensitive dimensions in factorial surveys can help to overcome social desirability bias. (ssoar.info)
- In order to empirically evaluate the between design and its potential to reduce social desirability bias, we conducted an experiment within a general population online survey. (ssoar.info)
- Furthermore, data on respondent characteristics is used to obtain insights about differential design effects for different education groups (differential social desirability bias) and respondents from different religious backgrounds (ingroup favouritism). (ssoar.info)
- While results concerning a differential social desirability bias were inconclusive, we found evidence for ingroup favouritism from respondents without a religious denomination in the between condition. (ssoar.info)
- In general, our findings suggest that the between subject design is a suitable method for reducing social desirability bias in factorial surveys. (ssoar.info)
- Social desirability bias describes our tendency to act or respond in a way that we believe is more socially acceptable, even if it doesn't actually reflect how we feel or what we are thinking. (equalture.com)
- To learn more about social desirability bias, we spoke to our very own Head of Science, Leonie Grandpierre! (equalture.com)
- How does social desirability bias impact the hiring process? (equalture.com)
- In the context of hiring, social desirability bias can express itself in many ways. (equalture.com)
- This is precisely when social desirability bias occurs. (equalture.com)
- Also during job interviews, candidates may engage in social desirability bias. (equalture.com)
- How can you minimize the impact of social desirability bias? (equalture.com)
- Social desirability bias can be minimized in the hiring process by using structured interviews , where all candidates are asked the same questions in the same order. (equalture.com)
- L astly, it's important to train interviewers and hiring managers to recognize social desirability bias and to consciously focus on evaluating candidates based on objectively gathered information, rather than on their likeability or self-promotion skills. (equalture.com)
- However, survey-based measures that ask about non-Islamic finance in an Islamic context may be affected by social desirability bias. (rug.nl)
- Social desirability reflects a bias that people have to respond in ways that are considered as socially acceptable and to deny association with opinions or behaviors considered as undesirable. (bvsalud.org)
- Social Desirability Bias and Sensitive Questions in Surveys, In P. Atkinson, S. Delamont, A. Cernat, J.W. Sakshaug, & R.A. Williams (Eds. (sagepub.com)
- Social Desirability Bias and Sensitive Questions in Surveys" SAGE Research Methods Foundations , Edited by Paul Atkinson, et al. (sagepub.com)
- Because this social desirability bias waned considerably over the past decade, it became more acceptable for those marginally religious to report being unaffiliated, which likely contributed to the sharp uptick in nones over such a short time. (wordandway.org)
- One phenomenon that has been heavily known to skew voting is social desirability bias, wherein people respond to polls about their opinions by downplaying their views that are less popular and emphasizing opinions that make them look better. (freerepublic.com)
- With the extreme relevance of race relations in the 2020 election, social desirability bias could significantly, and incorrectly, skew data in favor of Biden. (freerepublic.com)
- I hate the Social Desirability Bias of politics. (coyoteblog.com)
- Since the data were self-reported, social desirability bias may have caused underreporting of high A1c values. (medscape.com)
- To minimize social desirability bias and ensure confidentiality, the survey was anonymous and voluntary. (cdc.gov)
Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale3
- Until the 1990s, the most commonly used measure of socially desirable responding was the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale. (wikipedia.org)
- MOURA, Maria Lucia Seidl de y HUTZ, Claudio S. . Brazilian adaptation of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale . (bvsalud.org)
- The Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MCSDS) is commonly used to validate other self-report measures within social and health research. (uni-konstanz.de)
Scale4
- Edwards subsequently developed the first Social Desirability Scale, a set of 39, true-false questions extracted from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), questions that judges could, with high agreement, order according to their social desirability. (wikipedia.org)
- The results suggest that the Brazilian version is equivalent to the original scale and that its psychometric characteristics indicate that it might be appropriate to use it in Brazil to assess social desirability. (bvsalud.org)
- Comparisons of total and sub-scale levels of psychological well-being and depressive symptomatology were made while controlling for social desirability . (bvsalud.org)
- While research in the related field of social networks has classically relied on human-administered surveys and questionnaires, these approaches scale poorly precisely because of this large number of pairwise comparisons that need to be queried to construct large sociocentric networks. (nature.com)
Norms2
- Does 'flight shame' affect social norms? (vestforsk.no)
- Firstly, UPB is immoral behavior that does not comply with legal and acceptable social norms. (scirp.org)
20201
- December 9, 2020-January 18, 2021), and the last two waves federal agencies to assess the social and economic impacts of the (May 12-June 7, 2021). (cdc.gov)
Interpersonal Relations1
- A personality trait rendering the individual acceptable in social or interpersonal relations. (bvsalud.org)
Differences3
- The present study aimed to analyze the association between social desirability and measures of emotional well-being, as well as to test for age-related differences in the changes produced in emotional state after experimental anxiety induction. (aston.ac.uk)
- Likewise, in a series of univariate ANOVAs, no differences were found according to the degree of social desirability in changes in emotional state after anxiety induction. (aston.ac.uk)
- Demographic and social determinants of health ¶ differences in PrEP awareness were assessed using log-linked Poisson regression models** with generalized estimating equations to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% CIs. (cdc.gov)
Behaviour1
- In a multiple regression analysis general behaviour was predicted by attitude, the relationship being somewhat reduced, if Social Desirability was partialled out, but no interaction effect occurred. (uni-bayreuth.de)
Behavior1
- This view is at odds with established conclusions from decades of research in the social and cognitive sciences, showing that self reports can be influenced by the instrument and that people have limited insight into the factors underlying their behavior. (frontiersin.org)
20161
- Using data from 45,454 early-stage entrepreneurs in 48 countries for the period 2005-2016, we find that the social desirability of entrepreneurship negatively affects early-stage entrepreneurs' internationalization, and that economic freedom positively moderates this relationship. (sdu.dk)
Personality trait1
- He demonstrated that social desirability ratings of personality trait descriptions are very highly correlated with the probability that a subsequent group of people will endorse these trait self-descriptions. (wikipedia.org)
Factors1
- Psychological markers of longevity in Sardinian centenarians: the impact of developmental factors and social desirability. (bvsalud.org)
Implications1
- Item format and social desirability: Implications for interpretation o" by Edward Helmes, Julie Aitken Schermer et al. (uwo.ca)
Psychological2
- Social desirability was differentially associated with specific dimensions of depressive symptoms and psychological well-being . (bvsalud.org)
- The present outcomes suggest that older Sardinians represent an advantageous population for the investigation of the psychological markers of longevity , since they demonstrate positive adaptation to the challenges (e.g., changes related to their social network ) of very late adulthood. (bvsalud.org)
Significantly1
- RESULTS: Social desirability scores were significantly higher in older persons (Hedges'g=1.22). (aston.ac.uk)
Socially1
- It is related to social acceptance, social approval, popularity, social status, leadership qualities, or any quality making him a socially desirable companion. (bvsalud.org)
Anxiety3
- Overall, social desirability was not related to the changes produced by experimental anxiety induction. (aston.ac.uk)
- Moreover, social desirability was not related to changes in emotional state after experimental anxiety induction. (aston.ac.uk)
- Both companies treat mild to moderate anxiety and stress and anxiety concerns together with stress management, relationship battles, social struggles, identity problems, bullying, and moderate to moderate injury concerns. (teachnjenv.org)
Increases2
- INTRODUCTION: It is usually assumed that social desirability increases with ageing, correlates with measures of emotional well-being, and represents a potential threat to research in older adults, and should therefore be systematically controlled. (aston.ac.uk)
- For any system with N interacting (social) agents, the number of potential pairwise interactions increases to leading order as N 2 . (nature.com)
SCALES1
- The MC-SDS, one of the most used scales to assess social desirability, is composed by 33 items. (bvsalud.org)
Evidence2
- From the interrogation of empirical questions about cultural, social, and behavioural phenomena, to the formation of evidence-based policy, the application of quantitative methods in making sense of real-world data is of paramount importance across all fields of academic enquiry. (nature.com)
- Social desirability and under-reporting of smokeless tobacco use among reproductive age women: Evidence from National Family Health Survey. (who.int)
Describe1
- In other words, do these self-descriptions describe personality traits or social desirability? (wikipedia.org)
People2
- This paper explores and presents the results of a survey administered to 74 people from the Centre for Independent Living NI (CILNI) to identify the prevalence of social isolation in Northern Ireland, and the desirability to use technology to prevent it. (ulster.ac.uk)
- What you don't hear people talk about is how to measure the profitability of a customer experience or Desirability effort. (jimnovo.com)
Influence5
- The present study was designed to examine specifically the accuracy of the claimed minimal influence of social desirability on Form G of the MBTI. (uwo.ca)
- With that in mind, we want to talk about the influence of social desirability on adolescents. (youaremom.com)
- Today we'll take a closer look at the influence of social desirability on adolescents. (youaremom.com)
- However, the influence of social desirability changes and becomes much greater during adolescence. (youaremom.com)
- Based on an institutional perspective, this study examines the influence of the social desirability of entrepreneurship on early-stage entrepreneurs' internationalization and the moderating role of home country economic freedom. (sdu.dk)
Present3
- CONCLUSIONS: The present study confirms the association between social desirability and age. (aston.ac.uk)
- For example, when we express ourselves in a very politically correct way or even in the way we present ourselves on social media. (equalture.com)
- So, social desirability is present throughout our entire lives. (youaremom.com)
Research3
- Dive into the research topics of 'Does social desirability of entrepreneurship matter for early-stage entrepreneurs' internationalization? (sdu.dk)
- Research on human social interactions has traditionally relied on self-reports. (nature.com)
- Research on human social interactions has relied on observations reported by humans and both self-reported data and observer-recorded data, with varying degrees of observer involvement, have been used to quantify interactions. (nature.com)
Study2
- A second study (n = 52) evaluated the social desirability of the 16 MBTI type descriptors, finding most descriptions to be above the neutral range in desirability. (uwo.ca)
- Two other political scientists - Djupe and Ryan Burge - then looked at other datasets, including the 2018 General Social Survey, the Cooperative Congressional Election Study and a Voter Study Group. (wordandway.org)
Demographic1
- Spain's recent economic and demographic history entails risks for social cohesion and the peaceful coexistence of natives and immigrants. (csic.es)
Students2
- In his first demonstration of this pattern, the correlation between one group of college students' social desirability ratings of a set of traits and the probability that college students in a second group would endorse self-descriptions describing the same traits was so high that it could distort the meaning of the personality traits. (wikipedia.org)
- Undergraduate students (n = 26) judged the desirability of each item option of Form G, which was compared across the 60 item pairs in which both options were scored. (uwo.ca)
Emotional3
- No statistically significant correlations were found in any age group between social desirability and measures of emotional well-being. (aston.ac.uk)
- These staff are the key to achieving Head Start's overarching goal of promoting school readiness by addressing children's cognitive, social, emotional, and physical development and health. (cdc.gov)
- Many children in Head Start have multiple social risks, which can contribute to poor self-regulation and disruptive behaviors that interfere with learning and place emotional demands on staff (1). (cdc.gov)
Support2
- These results do not support the view that social desirability is a threat to the validity of experimental studies in the elderly. (aston.ac.uk)
- The use of technology by older adults can support the prevention of social isolation by enabling them to be proactive and motivated to establish human interactions with relatives and friends. (ulster.ac.uk)
Effects1
- As life expectancy has increased, more older adults are experiencing social isolation, which can increase the risk of several negative effects on their health. (ulster.ac.uk)
Group1
- UPB is defined as unethical behaviors which focus on help members in the group or organizations, as a result that violate the core social values, customs, laws and standards of conduct appropriate behaviors. (scirp.org)
Method1
- A popular method in social psychology has been to count behaviours and code them with respect to various criteria 1 . (nature.com)
Children1
- A Social Desirability Questionnaire for Young Children. (arabpsychology.com)
Matter2
- As we mentioned, it's not a matter of eliminating social desirability, as this is normal and healthy to a certain degree. (youaremom.com)
- Does social desirability of entrepreneurship matter for early-stage entrepreneurs' internationalization? (sdu.dk)
Psychology1
- Brian Hughes is an academic psychologist and university professor in Galway, Ireland, specialising in stress, health, and the application of psychology to social issues. (thesciencebit.net)