AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth Care
Tobacco Smoke PollutionRestaurantsAir FiltersSmokePublic FacilitiesCotinineSmoke-Free PolicyTobacco ProductsTobacco, SmokelessAdvisory CommitteesTobaccoTobacco IndustryProduct LabelingProduct PackagingGuaiacolWoodEncyclopedias as TopicLigninCelluloseColorEugenolHalitosisAthletic PerformanceNicotineSmokingBlood PressureHeart RateGoatsHealth StatusPublic HealthGoat DiseasesPhotographyPhotography, DentalPathology, SurgicalOnline SystemsImage Processing, Computer-AssistedInternetEquipment DesignCopyrightComputer SecurityConfidentialityPrivacyLicensureGenetic PrivacyHealth PolicySmoking CessationPhysiciansTobacco Use CessationInsurance CoverageTobacco Use Cessation Products
Tobacco Smoke Pollution: Contamination of the air by tobacco smoke.RestaurantsAir Filters: Barriers used to separate and remove PARTICULATE MATTER from air.SmokePublic Facilities: An area of recreation or hygiene for use by the public.Cotinine: The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.Smoke-Free Policy: Prohibition against tobacco smoking in specific areas to control TOBACCO SMOKE POLLUTION.Tobacco Products: Substances and products derived from NICOTIANA TABACUM.Tobacco, Smokeless: Powdered or cut pieces of leaves of NICOTIANA TABACUM which are inhaled through the nose, chewed, or stored in cheek pouches. It includes any product of tobacco that is not smoked.Advisory Committees: Groups set up to advise governmental bodies, societies, or other institutions on policy. (Bioethics Thesaurus)Tobacco: A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain NICOTINE and other biologically active chemicals; its dried leaves are used for SMOKING.Tobacco Industry: The aggregate business enterprise of agriculture, manufacture, and distribution related to tobacco and tobacco-derived products.Product Labeling: Use of written, printed, or graphic materials upon or accompanying a product or its container or wrapper. It includes purpose, effect, description, directions, hazards, warnings, and other relevant information.Product Packaging: Form in which product is processed or wrapped and labeled. PRODUCT LABELING is also available.Guaiacol: An agent thought to have disinfectant properties and used as an expectorant. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p747)Wood: A product of hard secondary xylem composed of CELLULOSE, hemicellulose, and LIGNANS, that is under the bark of trees and shrubs. It is used in construction and as a source of CHARCOAL and many other products.Encyclopedias as Topic: Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)Lignin: The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)Cellulose: A polysaccharide with glucose units linked as in CELLOBIOSE. It is the chief constituent of plant fibers, cotton being the purest natural form of the substance. As a raw material, it forms the basis for many derivatives used in chromatography, ion exchange materials, explosives manufacturing, and pharmaceutical preparations.Color: The visually perceived property of objects created by absorption or reflection of specific wavelengths of light.Eugenol: A cinnamate derivative of the shikamate pathway found in CLOVE OIL and other PLANTS.Halitosis: An offensive, foul breath odor resulting from a variety of causes such as poor oral hygiene, dental or oral infections, or the ingestion of certain foods.Athletic Performance: Carrying out of specific physical routines or procedures by one who is trained or skilled in physical activity. Performance is influenced by a combination of physiological, psychological, and socio-cultural factors.Nicotine: Nicotine is highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimulates neurons and ultimately blocks synaptic transmission. Nicotine is also important medically because of its presence in tobacco smoke.Smoking: Inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning TOBACCO.Blood Pressure: PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.Heart Rate: The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.Goats: Any of numerous agile, hollow-horned RUMINANTS of the genus Capra, in the family Bovidae, closely related to the SHEEP.Health Status: The level of health of the individual, group, or population as subjectively assessed by the individual or by more objective measures.Public Health: Branch of medicine concerned with the prevention and control of disease and disability, and the promotion of physical and mental health of the population on the international, national, state, or municipal level.Goat Diseases: Diseases of the domestic or wild goat of the genus Capra.Photography: Method of making images on a sensitized surface by exposure to light or other radiant energy.Photography, Dental: Photographic techniques used in ORTHODONTICS; DENTAL ESTHETICS; and patient education.Pathology, Surgical: A field of anatomical pathology in which living tissue is surgically removed for the purpose of diagnosis and treatment.Online Systems: Systems where the input data enter the computer directly from the point of origin (usually a terminal or workstation) and/or in which output data are transmitted directly to that terminal point of origin. (Sippl, Computer Dictionary, 4th ed)Image Processing, Computer-Assisted: A technique of inputting two-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer.Internet: A loose confederation of computer communication networks around the world. The networks that make up the Internet are connected through several backbone networks. The Internet grew out of the US Government ARPAnet project and was designed to facilitate information exchange.Equipment Design: Methods of creating machines and devices.Copyright: It is a form of protection provided by law. In the United States this protection is granted to authors of original works of authorship, including literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works. This protection is available to both published and unpublished works. (from Circular of the United States Copyright Office, 6/30/2008)Computer Security: Protective measures against unauthorized access to or interference with computer operating systems, telecommunications, or data structures, especially the modification, deletion, destruction, or release of data in computers. It includes methods of forestalling interference by computer viruses or so-called computer hackers aiming to compromise stored data.Confidentiality: The privacy of information and its protection against unauthorized disclosure.Privacy: The state of being free from intrusion or disturbance in one's private life or affairs. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed, 1993)Licensure: The legal authority or formal permission from authorities to carry on certain activities which by law or regulation require such permission. It may be applied to licensure of institutions as well as individuals.Genetic Privacy: The protection of genetic information about an individual, family, or population group, from unauthorized disclosure.Health Policy: Decisions, usually developed by government policymakers, for determining present and future objectives pertaining to the health care system.Smoking Cessation: Discontinuation of the habit of smoking, the inhaling and exhaling of tobacco smoke.Physicians: Individuals licensed to practice medicine.Tobacco Use Cessation: Ending the TOBACCO habits of smoking, chewing, or snuff use.Insurance Coverage: Generally refers to the amount of protection available and the kind of loss which would be paid for under an insurance contract with an insurer. (Slee & Slee, Health Care Terms, 2d ed)Tobacco Use Cessation Products: Items used to aid in ending a TOBACCO habit.

Comparative total mortality in 25 years in Italian and Greek middle aged rural men. (1/22632)

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Mortality over 25 years has been low in the Italian and very low in the Greek cohorts of the Seven Countries Study; factors responsible for this particularity were studied in detail. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTINGS: 1712 Italian and 1215 Greek men, aged 40-59 years, cohorts of the Seven Countries Study, representing over 95% of the populations in designated rural areas. DESIGN: Entry (1960-61) data included age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), smoking habits, total serum cholesterol, body mass index (BMI), arm circumference, vital capacity (VC), and forced expiratory volume in 3/4 seconds (FEV); the same data were obtained 10 years later. Multivariate Cox analysis was performed with all causes death in 25 years as end point. MAIN RESULTS: Italian men had higher entry levels of SBP, arm circumference, BMI, and VC; Greek men had higher cholesterol levels, smoking habits, and FEV. Mortality of Italian men was higher throughout; at 25 years cumulative mortality was 48.3% and 35.3% respectively. Coronary heart disease and stroke mortality increased fivefold in Italy and 10-fold in Greece between years 10 and 25. The only risk factor with a significantly higher contribution to mortality in Italian men was cholesterol. However, differences in entry SBP (higher in Italy) and FEV (higher in Greece) accounted for, according to the Lee method, 75% of the differential mortality between the two populations. At 10 years increases in SBP, cholesterol, BMI, and decreases in smoking habits, VC, FEV, and arm circumference had occurred (deltas). SBP increased more and FEV and VC decreased more in Italy than in Greece. Deltas, fed stepwise in the original model for the prediction of 10 to 25 years mortality, were significant for SBP, smoking, arm circumference, and VC in Greece, and for SBP and VC in Italy. CONCLUSION: Higher mortality in Italian men is related to stronger positive effects of entry SBP and weaker negative (protective) effects of FEV; in addition 10 year increases in SBP are higher and 10 year decreases in FEV are larger in Italy. Unaccounted factors, however, related to, for example, differences in the diet, may also have contributed to the differential mortality of these two Mediterranean populations.  (+info)

Serum triglyceride: a possible risk factor for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. (2/22632)

BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine the relationship between ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and serum concentrations of lipids and apolipoproteins. METHODS: A cohort of 21 520 men, aged 35-64 years, was recruited from men attending the British United Provident Association (BUPA) clinic in London for a routine medical examination in 1975-1982. Smoking habits, weight, height and blood pressure were recorded at entry. Lipids and apolipoproteins were measured in stored serum samples from the 30 men who subsequently died of ruptured AAA and 150 matched controls. RESULTS: Triglyceride was strongly related to risk of ruptured AAA. In univariate analyses the risk in men on the 90th centile of the distribution relative to the risk in men on the 10th (RO10-90) was 12 (95% confidence interval [CI] : 3.8-37) for triglyceride, 5.5 (95% CI: 1.8-17) for apolipoprotein B (apoB) (the protein component of low density lipoprotein [LDL]), 0.15 (95% CI : 0.04-0.56) for apo A1 (the protein component of high density lipoprotein [HDL]), 3.7 (95% CI: 1.4-9.4) for body mass index and 3.0 (95% CI: 1.1-8.5) for systolic blood pressure. Lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) was not a significant risk factor (RO10-90 = 1.6, 95% CI: 0.6-3.0). In multivariate analysis triglyceride retained its strong association. CONCLUSION: Triglyceride appears to be a strong risk factor for ruptured AAA, although further studies are required to clarify this. If this and other associations are cause and effect, then changing the distribution of risk factors in the population (by many people stopping smoking and adopting a lower saturated fat diet and by lowering blood pressure) could achieve an important reduction in mortality from ruptured AAA.  (+info)

Respiratory symptoms and long-term risk of death from cardiovascular disease, cancer and other causes in Swedish men. (3/22632)

BACKGROUND: Depressed respiratory function and respiratory symptoms are associated with impaired survival. The present study was undertaken to assess the relation between respiratory symptoms and mortality from cardiovascular causes, cancer and all causes in a large population of middle-aged men. METHODS: Prospective population study of 6442 men aged 51-59 at baseline, free of clinical angina pectoris and prior myocardial infarction. RESULTS: During 16 years there were 1804 deaths (786 from cardiovascular disease, 608 from cancer, 103 from pulmonary disease and 307 from any other cause). Men with effort-related breathlessness had increased risk of dying from all of the examined diseases. After adjustment for age, smoking habit and other risk factors, the relative risk (RR) associated with breathlessness of dying from coronary disease was 1.43 (95% CI : 1.16-1.77), from stroke 1.77 (95% CI: 1.07-2.93), from any cardiovascular disease 1.48 (95% CI : 1.24-1.76), cancer 1.36 (95% CI : 1.11-1.67) and from any cause 1.62 (95% CI: 1.44-1.81). An independent effect of breathlessness on cardiovascular death, cancer death and mortality from all causes was found in life-time non-smokers, and also if men with chest pain not considered to be angina were excluded. An independent effect was also found if all deaths during the first half of the follow-up were excluded. Men with cough and phlegm, without breathlessness, also had an elevated risk of dying from cardiovascular disease and cancer, but after adjustment for smoking and other risk factors this was no longer significant. However, a slightly elevated independent risk of dying from any cause was found (RR = 1.18 [95% CI: 1.02-1.36]). CONCLUSION: A positive response to a simple question about effort related breathlessness predicted subsequent mortality from several causes during a follow-up period of 16 years, independently of smoking and other risk factors.  (+info)

Body mass decrease after initial gain following smoking cessation. (4/22632)

BACKGROUND: Although smoking cessation is strongly associated with subsequent weight gain, it is not clear whether the initial gain in weight after smoking cessation remains over time. METHOD: Cross-sectional analyses were made, using data from periodic health examinations for workers, on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the length of smoking cessation. In addition, linear regression coefficients of BMI on the length of cessation were estimated according to alcohol intake and sport activity, to examine the modifying effect of these factors on the weight of former smokers. RESULTS: Means of BMI were 23.1 kg/m2, 23.3 kg/m2, 23.6 kg/m2 for light/medium smokers, heavy smokers and never smokers, respectively. Among former smokers who had smoked > or = 25 cigarettes a day, odds ratio (OR) of BMI >25 kg/m2 were 1.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] : 1.05-3.35), 1.32 (95% CI : 0.74-2.34), 0.66 (95% CI: 0.33-1.31) for those with 2-4 years, 5-7 years, and 8-10 years of smoking cessation, respectively. The corresponding OR among those who previously consumed <25 cigarettes a day were 1.06 (95% CI: 0.58-1.94), 1.00 (95% CI: 0.58-1.71), and 1.49 (95% CI: 0.95-2.32). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that although heavy smokers may experience large weight gain and weigh more than never smokers in the few years after smoking cessation, they thereafter lose weight to the never smoker level, while light and moderate smokers gain weight up to the never smoker level without any excess after smoking cessation.  (+info)

Post-shift changes in pulmonary function in a cement factory in eastern Saudi Arabia. (5/22632)

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 1992 in the oldest of three Portland cement producing factories in Eastern Saudi Arabia. The respirable dust level was in excess of the recommended ACGIH level in all sections. Spirometry was done for 149 cement workers and 348 controls, using a Vitalograph spirometer. FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC% and FEF25-75% were calculated and corrected to BTPS. A significantly higher post-shift reduction FEV1, FEV1/FVC% and FEF25-75% was observed in the exposed subjects. Multiple regression analysis showed a significant relationship between post-shift changes and exposure to cement dust but failed to support any relationship with smoking. These findings may indicate an increase in the bronchial muscle tone leading to some degree of bronchoconstriction as a result of an irritant effect induced by the acute exposure to cement dust.  (+info)

Respiratory symptoms among glass bottle workers--cough and airways irritancy syndrome? (6/22632)

Glass bottle workers have been shown to experience an excess of respiratory symptoms. This work describes in detail the symptoms reported by a cohort of 69 symptomatic glass bottle workers. Symptoms, employment history and clinical investigations including radiology, spirometry and serial peak expiratory flow rate records were retrospectively analyzed from clinical records. The results showed a consistent syndrome of work-related eye, nose and throat irritation followed after a variable period by shortness of breath. The latent interval between starting work and first developing symptoms was typically 4 years (median = 4 yrs; range = 0-28). The interval preceding the development of dysponea was longer and much more variable (median = 16 yrs; range = 3-40). Spirometry was not markedly abnormal in the group but 57% of workers had abnormal serial peak expiratory flow rate charts. Workers in this industry experience upper and lower respiratory tract symptoms consistent with irritant exposure. The long-term functional significance of these symptoms should be formally investigated.  (+info)

Prevalence of peripheral arterial disease and associated risk factors in American Indians: the Strong Heart Study. (7/22632)

Studies of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in minority populations provide researchers with an opportunity to evaluate PAD risk factors and disease severity under different types of conditions. Examination 1 of the Strong Heart Study (1989-1992) provided data on the prevalence of PAD and its risk factors in a sample of American Indians. Participants (N = 4,549) represented 13 tribes located in three geographically diverse centers in the Dakotas, Oklahoma, and Arizona. Participants in this epidemiologic study were aged 45-74 years; 60% were women. Using the single criterion of an ankle brachial index less than 0.9 to define PAD, the prevalence of PAD was approximately 5.3% across centers, with women having slightly higher rates than men. Factors significantly associated with PAD in univariate analyses for both men and women included age, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c level, albuminuria, fibrinogen level, fasting glucose level, prevalence of diabetes mellitus, and duration of diabetes. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to predict PAD for women and men combined. Age, systolic blood pressure, current cigarette smoking, pack-years of smoking, albuminuria (micro- and macro-), low density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and fibrinogen level were significantly positively associated with PAD. Current alcohol consumption was significantly negatively associated with PAD. In American Indians, the association of albuminuria with PAD may equal or exceed the association of cigarette smoking with PAD.  (+info)

Different factors influencing the expression of Raynaud's phenomenon in men and women. (8/22632)

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the risk profile for Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) is different between men and women. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study of 800 women and 725 men participating in the Framingham Offspring Study, the association of age, marital status, smoking, alcohol use, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia with prevalent RP was examined in men and women separately, after adjusting for relevant confounders. RESULTS: The prevalence of RP was 9.6% (n = 77) in women and 5.8% (n = 42) in men. In women, marital status and alcohol use were each associated with prevalent RP (for marital status adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.3, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.4-3.9; for alcohol use OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.0-5.2), whereas these factors were not associated with RP in men (marital status OR 1.4, 95% CI 0.6-3.5; alcohol use OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.2-4.4). In men, older age (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.0-5.2) and smoking (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.1-6.3) were associated with prevalent RP; these factors were not associated with RP in women (older age OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.4-1.6; smoking OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.4-1.1). Diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia were not associated with RP in either sex. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that risk factors for RP differ between men and women. Age and smoking were associated with RP in men only, while the associations of marital status and alcohol use with RP were observed in women only. These findings suggest that different mechanisms influence the expression of RP in men and women.  (+info)

Helping Young Smokers Quit: Identifying Best Practices for Tobacco Cessation, Phase II National Program Evaluation, 2003-2006Helping Young Smokers Quit: Identifying Best Practices for Tobacco Cessation, Phase II National Program Evaluation, 2003-2006
The Helping Young Smokers Quit (HYSQ) initiative was a multi-phase project that addressed the critical need to disseminate effective, developmentally appropriate cessation programs for young smokers. Phase I identified and described tobacco treatment programs available for youth in the United States, Phase II evaluated smoking secession programs tailored for youth to help understand what works, and Phase III identified factors associated with program sustainability. Phase II collected data from five sources: (1) program participants, (2) program providers, (3) program curricula, (4) organizational leaders, and (5) community leaders and community ordinances. Program participants were interviewed at baseline, end-of program, 6-month follow-up, and 12-month follow-up. Topics covered by the interviews include age, gender, race, Hispanic origin, language spoken at home, employment, income, religiosity, school enrollment, education level, school grades, height, weight, extracurricular activities, ...
Helping Young Smokers Quit: Identifying Best Practices for Tobacco Cessation, Phase II National Program Evaluation, 2003-2006Helping Young Smokers Quit: Identifying Best Practices for Tobacco Cessation, Phase II National Program Evaluation, 2003-2006
The Helping Young Smokers Quit (HYSQ) initiative was a multi-phase project that addressed the critical need to disseminate effective, developmentally appropriate cessation programs for young smokers. Phase I identified and described tobacco treatment programs available for youth in the United States, Phase II evaluated smoking secession programs tailored for youth to help understand what works, and Phase III identified factors associated with program sustainability. Phase II collected data from five sources: (1) program participants, (2) program providers, (3) program curricula, (4) organizational leaders, and (5) community leaders and community ordinances. Program participants were interviewed at baseline, end-of program, 6-month follow-up, and 12-month follow-up. Topics covered by the interviews include age, gender, race, Hispanic origin, language spoken at home, employment, income, religiosity, school enrollment, education level, school grades, height, weight, extracurricular activities, ...
Determinants of smoking-induced deprivation in China | Tobacco ControlDeterminants of smoking-induced deprivation in China | Tobacco Control
Our findings that lower income smokers were more likely to have smoking-induced deprivation are consistent with previous findings from a study conducted in developed countries17 and a study conducted in Mexico.18 This emphasises the need to implement tobacco prevention and cessation programmes that specifically target low-income smokers in order to reduce smoking-induced deprivation of household essentials.. Our study also found that smokers residing in Shenyang and Yinchuan were more likely to have smoking-induced deprivation than smokers living in Beijing. This might be because these cities are less economically developed than Beijing.12. We found no statistically significant relationship between smoking intensity and smoking-induced deprivation. This differs from the findings of two previous studies conducted by Siahpush et al.17 One of their studies found that smokers who had higher levels of nicotine dependence had higher odds of smoking-induced deprivation. Our results may differ because ...
Effect of 1-year smoking cessation on airway inflammation in COPD and asymptomatic smokers | European Respiratory SocietyEffect of 1-year smoking cessation on airway inflammation in COPD and asymptomatic smokers | European Respiratory Society
To the best of the authors knowledge, this is the first longitudinal study investigating the effect of smoking cessation on airway inflammation in smokers with COPD. The present study shows that patients with COPD and asymptomatic smokers with normal lung function respond differently to smoking cessation with respect to inflammation in sputum and bronchial biopsies. In smokers with COPD, cell concentration, neutrophils, lymphocytes, IL-8 and ECP levels increased significantly in sputum after a 1-yr smoking cessation period, and inflammation did not change in bronchial biopsies. In contrast, inflammatory markers did not significantly change or decrease in sputum (macrophages, eosinophils, IL-8) of asymptomatic smokers with normal lung function. In bronchial biopsies, mast cells decreased significantly, whereas B-cells increased after smoking cessation. Together, the results suggest a perpetuation of inflammation after smoking cessation in COPD versus a reduction in some aspects of airway ...
Genetics and smoking-associated cancers: 461 families<...Genetics and smoking-associated cancers: 461 families<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Genetics and smoking-associated cancers. T2 - 461 families. AU - Lynch, Henry T.. AU - Kimberling, W.. AU - Markvicka, S.. PY - 1985. Y1 - 1985. N2 - The etiology of smoking-associated cancers (carcinoma of the lung, oral cavity, esophagus, pancreas, urinary bladder) remain enigmatic despite a plethora of epidemiologic investigations. We have evaluated family histories through second degree relatives of 461 consecutively ascertained patients with histologically verified smoking-associated cancers. The genetic protocol included detailed questionnaires about genealogy, cancer of all anatomic sites, and environmental factors with major attention given to the cigarette smoking habit. Pathologic verification of cancer was vigorously sought. Our findings disclosed a lack of strong evidence for heritable control of lung cancer per se, when only lung cancer in relatives was considered. Confounding factors, most prominent of which was the effect of cigarette smoking (p ,.05), variation of ...
A modified new method for estimating smoking-attributable mortality in high-income countriesA modified new method for estimating smoking-attributable mortality in high-income countries
Downloadable! Preston, Glei, and Wilmoth (2010) recently proposed an innovative regression-based method to estimate smoking-attributable mortality in developed countries based on observed lung cancer death rates. Their estimates for females, however, differ appreciably from some published estimates. This article presents a modified version of the Preston, Glei, and Wilmoth method that includes an age-period interaction term in its model. This modified version produces improved estimates of smoking-attributable mortality that are consistent with results from a modified version of the Peto-Lopez indirect method.
Global Adult EEG Cap Market 2017 Top 5 Manufacturers in North America, Asia-Pacific, Europe, South America, Middle East and...Global Adult EEG Cap Market 2017 Top 5 Manufacturers in North America, Asia-Pacific, Europe, South America, Middle East and...
The report titled Global Adult EEG Cap Market 2017 provides the intrinsic research study based on qualitative and the quantitative aspect of the Adult EEG Cap industry along with a complete description of top market players which will provide the thorough understanding of the market on a global scale.. The Global Adult EEG Cap Market 2017 delivers the current industry scenario of Adult EEG Cap market as well as the past and upcoming market trends which will fuel the development of the Adult EEG Cap market. The Adult EEG Cap report also depicts the technological advancements taking place in this industry based on market volume, sales revenue, driving forces behind the market development.. Do Inquiry Before Accessing Global Adult EEG Cap Market 2017 Report at: https://market.biz/report/2017-top-5-adult-eeg-cap-market-lpi/38502/#inquiry. The Global Adult EEG Cap Market 2017 elaborates in detail the strategies and business tactics followed by the key players of Adult EEG Cap industry. The report is ...
Psychiatric Disorders & Nicotine Dependence Rise in Young SmokersPsychiatric Disorders & Nicotine Dependence Rise in Young Smokers
A new study finds that while smoking rates are decreasing, the incidence of psychiatric disorders and nicotine dependence among young smokers are rising.
Women Smokers Not at Greater Risk for Lung Cancer than Male SmokersWomen Smokers Not at Greater Risk for Lung Cancer than Male Smokers
Women smokers may not be at greater risk for lung cancer than their male counterparts. These results were recently published in Lancet Oncology.. Lung cancer claims more lives every year than any other type of cancer. In fact, lung cancer kills more people than breast cancer, colon cancer, and prostate cancer combined. It is well known that smoking is associated with a significantly increased risk of developing lung cancer. However, there has been recent debate as to whether female smokers are more susceptible to developing lung cancer than male smokers.. To further explore the possible association between gender, smoking, and lung cancer risk, researchers from the National Institutes of Health analyzed data from a questionnaire sent to participants of the NIH-AARP Diet and Health study. Participants responded to the questionnaire between 1995 and 1996 and were followed through the end of 2003. The data included nearly 280,000 men and approximately 186,000 women.. Among smokers the incidence of ...
Tobacco Use Prevention and Control Position Statement | State Public Health | ASTHOTobacco Use Prevention and Control Position Statement | State Public Health | ASTHO
III. Background: Improving States and Territories Tobacco Prevention and Control Efforts. Tobacco use is the single most preventable cause of disease, disability, and death in the United States. Nearly 500,000 people die prematurely each year from smoking or exposure to secondhand smoke, and another 16 million have a serious illness caused by tobacco use.4 Coupled with this enormous health toll is the huge economic burden associated with tobacco use. More than $170 billion per year is spent on medical expenses and another $156 billion per year is spent on lost productivity.5,6. Though the public health community has made strides in preventing tobacco use and helping people to quit, many continue smoking, including youth. Among middle and high school students, 4.7 million report using at least one tobacco product, including e-cigarettes.7 Despite a reduction in cigarette smoking among youth, the rate of e-cigarette use is rising, with 16 percent of high school students using e-cigarettes in the ...
Cigarette prices, cigarette expenditure and smoking-induced deprivation: findings from the International Tobacco Control Mexico...Cigarette prices, cigarette expenditure and smoking-induced deprivation: findings from the International Tobacco Control Mexico...
While the effectiveness of taxation as a tobacco control strategy is well established,1-6 there is concern that increasing the price of cigarettes could result in excess financial difficulties among smokers, particularly those from lower income groups, who continue smoking.2 ,7-9 An important aspect of the financial burden of smoking is the fact that tobacco expenditure among smokers may result in not having enough money for household essentials such as food. This notion has been referred to as smoking-induced deprivation (SID).10-12 Using representative samples of smokers from the USA, Canada, the UK and Australia, we examined the correlates of SID and found that younger age, minority status, lower income and higher nicotine dependence were associated with a higher probability of SID.10 We measured SID with the question In the past 6 months, have you spent money on cigarettes that you knew would be better spent on household essentials like food? In a more recent study, we used data from the ...
Persistent smokers may have higher risk to become depressed than never smokers | EurekAlert! Science NewsPersistent smokers may have higher risk to become depressed than never smokers | EurekAlert! Science News
Based on a Finnish study, persistent smokers may have higher risk to become depressed in comparison to never smokers. Also those smokers who quit have an elevated risk of depressive symptoms in short run. However, in long run this risk declines to the level of never smokers. In other words, both completely smoke-free life style and successful smoking cessation in long run seem to protect from depressive symptoms.
WHI - WHI Finding - Risk of Lung Cancer Death Has Risen Among Women SmokersWHI - WHI Finding - Risk of Lung Cancer Death Has Risen Among Women Smokers
colleagues, including Ross Prentice, PhD, one of the Principal Investigators of the Womens Health Initiative. They studied smoking patterns and smoking-related deaths over a 50 year period, using data from five large studies, including the Womens Health Initiative. In total, the study included more than 2.2 million adults 55 years and older; of those, 156,701 were WHI participants who provided updated information on smoking in 2000.. This increased risk of dying from smoking-related diseases reflects the change in womens smoking habits. Compared with women in previous generations, women smokers today smoke more like men, that is, they start earlier in adolescence and until recently, smoke more cigarettes per day (smoking peaked in the 1980s). These findings strongly confirm the prediction that "if women smoke like men, they will die like men.". For women who smoked in the 1960s, the risk of dying from lung cancer was 2.7 times higher than it was for women who had never smoked. In the cohort ...
Plus itPlus it
The CYP1A1 I462V polymorphism was not significantly associated with lung cancer risk overall or with individual cell types, in contrast to the findings of some previous studies in Japan (4 , 6) . Consistent with previous studies in Japanese populations, the presence of a valine allele was associated with a modest but nonstatistically significant increase in lung cancer risk among smokers with lower daily cigarette consumption (4 , 18) or among those with the GSTM1-null genotype (6, 7, 8) . The presence of a valine allele was most strongly associated with lung cancer risk among smokers with both the GSTM1-null genotype and lower daily cigarette consumption, a finding consistent with data from Japan (18) . Caution is required in interpreting the finding of increased risk for carriers of the valine allele with lower cigarette consumption combined with the GSTM1-null genotype because the numbers become small on cross-classification. However, it is biologically plausible that at lower levels of ...
Quit Victorias Last Dance anti-smoking campaign - Cancer Council VictoriaQuit Victoria's 'Last Dance' anti-smoking campaign - Cancer Council Victoria
Anti-smoking campaigns are one of the most helpful aids in assisting former smokers to stay quit, new Cancer Council Victoria data has revealed.
Plus itPlus it
Rationale: Smokers with tobacco-related disorders are more motivated to give up smoking than healthy smokers, but comparative data about the influence of each pathology type on motivation is still insufficient.. Methods: We studied the behavior of persons with a history of smoking, healthy/sick with cardiovascular (CVD)/respiratory (RD) tobacco-related disease, using 2 questionnaires-for former smokers/active smokers regarding motivation, preparation status for quitting, health status, degree of nicotin-addiction, quitting history, determinant factors for tobacco consumption. We use Excel (chi, T tests).. Results: 240 persons were interviewed: 83 women/157 men, mean age 47±16.2 years; 124 active/116 former smokers. Disease present 43.6% of active smokers (53.7% CVD, 42.6% RD, 3.7% both) and 68.1% of former (32.9% CVD, 44 3% RD, 22.8% both) (p=0.0001). Those with RD and both diseases are more former smokers (p=0.0038). Healthy smokers cannot refrain from first cigarette (55.6%, p=0.001). 69% of ...
Gates launches China anti-smoking campaign | Reuters.comGates launches China anti-smoking campaign | Reuters.com
June 11 - Microsoft founder Bill Gates and Baidu CEO Robin Li launch an anti-smoking campaign in Beijing, calling on Chinese people to say no to passive smoking. Sunita Rappai reports.}
Hornbill rock Archives - The Morung ExpressHornbill rock Archives - The Morung Express
Dimapur, November 30 (MExN): Nagaland recorded a significant drop of 14 percent in tobaccos usage for people 15 years and above of age during the last 5 years. This was revealed in the Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2016 (GATS-2) for NE states which was declared in Guwahati on November 24. A press note from […]. ...
Relationship of passive smoking to risk of lung cancer and other smoking-associated diseasesRelationship of passive smoking to risk of lung cancer and other smoking-associated diseases
In the latter part of a large hospital case-control study of the relationship of type of cigarette smoked to risk of various smoking-associated diseases, patients answered questions on the smoking habits of their first spouse and on the extent of passive smoke exposure at home, at work, during trave …
Homocysteine Serum Level in Relation to Intake of Folate, Vitamins B12, B1, B2, and B6 and MTHFR c.665C→T Polymorphism among...Homocysteine Serum Level in Relation to Intake of Folate, Vitamins B12, B1, B2, and B6 and MTHFR c.665C→T Polymorphism among...
The characteristics of the subjects are shown in Table 1. The average age of women was about 21 years with the range 19-26. Most females estimated their health status as good, economic status and physical activity level as moderate. Almost 12% of students applied special diet, in most cases with reduced energy value. Most of the subjects were slim (85.5%), with BMI amounted approximately 21 kg/ m2. For only 8.5% of students BMI values were lower than 18.5 kg/m2 and for almost 8% - higher than 24.9 kg/m2. Our group of females was similar to other groups of students in Poland [31,32] while surveys conducted in other population groups showed that overweight and obesity were more prevalent and concerned 17% of teenage girls [33]. In our study smoking was declared by about 10% of students while the data received within Global Adult Tobacco Survey indicated that the prevalence of daily smokers among adult women is higher and amounts 17.9% [34]. Dietary supplements usage was a common practice among ...
Características demográficas, hábitos de vida e historia del consumo de tabaco de los fumadores ocasionales en EspañaCaracterísticas demográficas, hábitos de vida e historia del consumo de tabaco de los fumadores ocasionales en España
DIEZ-GANAN, Lucía et al. Demographic characteristics, health-related lifestyle, and history of tobacco consumption of the occasional smokers in Spain. Rev. Esp. Salud Publica [online]. 2002, vol.76, n.4, pp.281-291. ISSN 2173-9110.. Background. This study describes the sociodemographic characteristics, health-related lifestyle, and history of tobacco consumption of the occasional smokers in Spain, and examines whether they show differences against daily smokers. Methods. Data were obtained from the National Health Survey of Spain, carried out in 1993 through household interviews on a sample representative of the non-institutionalised population aged 16 year and older. Analyses were performed with logistic regression and adjusted for sociodemographic, health-state and life-style variables. Results. Out of the 6,668 smokers in the survey, occasional smokers were 9.2%, while daily smokers of £5 cigarettes and ,5 cigarettes were 9.9% and 80.9%, respectively. As compared with daily smokers of ,5 ...
List of smoking-related diseases expanded - Health - Addictions | NBC NewsList of smoking-related diseases expanded - Health - Addictions | NBC News
The list of diseases linked to smoking just got longer. A report from the surgeon general concludes that smoking causes a number of diseases not previously attributed to smoking.
Improving household surveys and use of data to address health inequities in three Asian cities: protocol for the Surveys for...Improving household surveys and use of data to address health inequities in three Asian cities: protocol for the Surveys for...
In low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), household surveys-such as Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS)1 and WHOs Stepwise Approach to Surveillance (STEPS)2-provide vital data sources to inform the health sector nationally. The methods used in these surveys have become standardised, allowing valuable comparisons in over 100 countries and over time, for ,30 years.3 However, increased population mobility and rapid and unplanned urbanisation means that an increasing proportion of urban dwellers live in unplanned, unregistered settlements, in non-standard living quarters (such as a hostel, shop or guesthouse), and in non-family living arrangements (such as a group of flat-mates or multifamily dwellings). There is an urgent need for survey methods to keep pace with these changes. Current methods used in surveys such as DHS, Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, Global Adult Tobacco Survey, the WHO STEPS do not allow analysis of interurban and intraurban health differences and systematically ...
Mortality in relation to smoking: 40 years observations on male British doctors | The BMJMortality in relation to smoking: 40 years' observations on male British doctors | The BMJ
A completely new feature of our results is the greater absolute and (particularly in middle age) relative excess of mortality associated with smoking in the second half of the study compared with the first. When current cigarette smokers were compared with lifelong non-smokers, the excess mortality associated with smoking was already substantial during 1951-71, but it was considerably more extreme during 1971-91. During 1951-71, the death rates in cigarette smokers were about double those in non-smokers throughout middle age; during 1971-91, the corresponding difference was nearly treble. If, as is likely, most of the difference in mortality between smokers and non-smokers is actually caused by smoking then a threefold excess would imply that about two thirds of the deaths in middle age among the smokers were caused by tobacco. Even at older ages the excess mortality associated with tobacco was substantially greater in 1971-91 than it was during 1951-71. This difference between the apparent ...
Habitual smoker, having a gland in throat like a bubble. Can this be a tumour ? - Doctors insight on HealthcareMagicHabitual smoker, having a gland in throat like a bubble. Can this be a tumour ? - Doctor's insight on HealthcareMagic
Question - Habitual smoker, having a gland in throat like a bubble. Can this be a tumour ?. Ask a Doctor about Biopsy, Ask an ENT Specialist
What exactly Fumes DetectorWhat exactly Fumes Detector
A new smoke cigarettes detector is simply a device that finds smoke cigarettes. Fumes is often an illustration connected with flame. Its not often the situation and also if you have no genuine flame they could be in charge for several untrue sensors. This device generally is a community merely variety wherever they may be fitted for you to tell anyone that is at your distance from the smoke cigarettes detector. Sensors may also be associated with the handle solar panel which often enables you to noise a security within the whole developing. These types of methods may tell authorities in the event the method can be watched by some other organization.. Normally a neighborhood merely detector is a battery controlled gadget. These kind of will diagnose smoke cigarettes and also noise an indoor siren into the gadget for you to alert your occupants in the room which have been in the house. These are certainly not supposed to alert any person other than your workers which have been close by. In ...
Smokers on Steroids [HD]Smokers on Steroids [HD]
Buy Smokers on Steroids [HD] securely online today at a great price. Smokers on Steroids [HD] available today at Weber Smokey Mountain Cooker.
Orange County, California - Tobacco Use Prevention Program (TUPP)Orange County, California - Tobacco Use Prevention Program (TUPP)
The policies that apply to the County of Orange Official Web Portal may not be the same as the terms of use for other web sites. The County of Orange cannot attest to the accuracy of the information provided by the linked websites. Any link to an external website is not intended as an endorsement of that external website, any product or service offered or referenced to or any views that might be expressed or referenced therein. ...
New CDC Report Says Increased Efforts, High-Impact Strategies Needed to Reduce Smoking and Save Lives - Healthcanal.com :...New CDC Report Says Increased Efforts, High-Impact Strategies Needed to Reduce Smoking and Save Lives - Healthcanal.com :...
If all states supported and used a combination of proven strategies-hard-hitting education and media campaigns, smoke-free air laws, and higher cigarette prices-the nations adult smoking rate, which has stalled at around 20 percent, would begin to decline and smoking-related diseases, deaths, and health care costs would be substantially reduced. Every year, nearly 1 of 5 American deaths is caused by cigarette smoking.. "Although the nation has not experienced substantial reductions in the national smoking rate over the past five years, this report shows that states know how to end the smoking epidemic," said CDC Director Thomas R. Frieden, M.D., M.P.H. "Smoke-free laws, hard-hitting ads, and higher cigarette prices are among our strongest weapons in this fight against tobacco use. We must redouble efforts to bring down smoking rates, prevent suffering and premature death, and cut health care costs by reducing smoking." The report, Tobacco Control State Highlights 2010, provides a state-by-state ...
Plus itPlus it
This study suggests an elevated risk of bladder cancer in lifelong nonsmokers who were exposed to ETS as compared with those who had no ETS exposure. The risk increased with increasing intensity of exposure to ETS, and reached statistically significant levels for high level of exposure to ETS. In the subgroup analysis, female lifelong nonsmokers showed higher relative risk for bladder cancer associated with ETS exposure than their male counterparts, and so did individuals possessing high CYP1A2 phenotype score and/or NAT2 slow acetylation status, both of them were risk factors for bladder cancer in the present study population (9).. Previous epidemiologic studies on ETS and bladder cancer risk reported inconsistent results. Several studies reported a null association between ETS and bladder cancer risk (21-26) including a recent meta-analysis (13), whereas a few others found a positive association (18-20). The null findings of the previous studies could be due to the following reasons. It has ...
Criminal Probe - Smoking Howitzers | Inside The Tobacco Deal | FRONTLINE | PBSCriminal Probe - Smoking Howitzers | Inside The Tobacco Deal | FRONTLINE | PBS
RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. To: Dr. Robert B. Seligman Date: March 31, 1981. From: Myron Johnston. Subject: Young Smokers - Prevalence, Trends, Implications, and Related Demographlc Trends. For over fifteen years certain demographic and social trends have been moving in directions favorable to industry growth. Now, one by one, these powerful social and demographic factors are turning against us, and by 1985 all will be operating against us.. The trends are:. 1. After increasing for over a decade, the prevalence of teenage smoking is now decling sharply.. 2. After increasing for over a decade, the average daily consumption of teenage smokers is declining.. 3. After increasing 18 percent from 1967 to 1976, the absolute number of 15- 19 year-olds will decline 19 percent during the 1980s, with the period of sharpest decline beginning in 1981.. 4. Beginning in 1981 the absolute number of 20-24 year-olds (the ages during which average daily cigarette consumption increases most rapidly) will begin to decline, ...
Are smokers only using cigarettes? Exploring current polytobacco use among an adult populationAre smokers only using cigarettes? Exploring current polytobacco use among an adult population
Prevention and cessation efforts need to target use of other forms of tobacco besides cigarettes, especially among younger men and men who are more-than-moderate drinkers of alcohol.
This Homemade detox Drink to Cleanse Smokers Lungs Naturally In Few Days | Diseases and treatments, Herbal Plants, Home RemediesThis Homemade detox Drink to Cleanse Smokers Lungs Naturally In Few Days | Diseases and treatments, Herbal Plants, Home Remedies
Only 2 TBSP Of This Homemade detox Drink to Cleanse Smokers Lungs Naturally In Few Days Cleanse smokers lungs with lung detox drink is the easy way to clean
Pulmonary Effects of SmokingPulmonary Effects of Smoking
This site is especially for teenagers who smoke. It contains images of normal lungs and of lungs damaged by diseases caused by cigarette smoking. While young smokers may have heard many verbal descriptions of the damaging effects of cigarette smoke, seeing the actual changes that can occur may motivate them to quit smoking or to stop others from beginning to smoke. One should not forget, as well, that cigarette smoking also has harmful effects, which are not illustrated here, on organs other than the lungs.. Introduction: This presentation will describe some aspects of the normal lung and then illustrate changes that occur in persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (emphysema and chronic bronchitis) and lung cancer. These diseases are common occurrences in cigarette smokers. For each of the diseases, a case history will be given, followed by a description of the changes in the lung. View the site serially by clicking on "Normal Lung," or click on another button to view a specific ...
I am a chronic smoker my LAST ciggarette was this | Ask The DoctorI am a chronic smoker my LAST ciggarette was this | Ask The Doctor
I am a chronic smoker my LAST ciggarette was this morning (Sunday) can I pass a cotinine test on Thursday at approx 1:00? I plan on drinking a gallon of water a day and sweating a lot ???
Africa: Strategies to Reverse Tobacco Usage in Africa in the Spotlight - allAfrica.comAfrica: Strategies to Reverse Tobacco Usage in Africa in the Spotlight - allAfrica.com
Tobacco is one of the leading causes of morbidity worldwide, and with almost a fifth of the people in Africa - about 94 million people - using tobacco products, the World Health Organization, The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and other partners met recently to discuss strategies aimed at stopping and reversing the trend of tobacco usage in the region.
Oxidative Stress and Cutaneous Local Heating in Young SmokersOxidative Stress and Cutaneous Local Heating in Young Smokers
We know smoking is bad for us, but can endothelial dysfunction in smokers be repaired, or even restored? Listen as Editor in Chief Dr. Irving H. Zucker interviews lead author Christopher Minson (University of Oregon) and expert Lacy Alexander (The Pennsylvania State University) about the work by Minson and colleagues which used the skin as a model for microvascular changes in smokers, which can indicate dysfunction earlier on in the progression of disease than macrocirculatory changes. Is nitric oxide a major player in the skins vasodilator response to a local cutaneous heat stressor? Listen now.. ...
Longtime heavy smokers can increase their chance of detecting the disease early by using a new lung cancer … - Sandusky...Longtime heavy smokers can increase their chance of detecting the disease early by using a new lung cancer … - Sandusky...
Using positive affirmations when you meditate can help you learn how to respond usefully to difficult circumstances. Concentrating on a positive affirmation, which can either be a word or phrase that reflects a desired state, can help you gain insight and cultivate good feelings.Longtime heavy smokers can increase their chance of detecting the disease early…
Misperceptions of light cigarettes abound: National survey data | BMC Public Health | Full TextMisperceptions of "light" cigarettes abound: National survey data | BMC Public Health | Full Text
Many smokers believe that light cigarettes are less harmful than regular cigarettes, which is at variance with the scientific evidence. The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) aims to address this problem in Article 11 which deals with misleading labelling of tobacco products. In this study we aimed to determine smokers use and beliefs concerning light and mild cigarettes (lights), including in relation to ethnicity, deprivation and other socio-demographic characteristics. The New Zealand (NZ) arm of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Survey (ITC Project) uses as its sampling frame the NZ Health Survey. This is a national sample with boosted sampling of Maori, Pacific peoples and Asians. From this sample we surveyed adult smokers (n = 1376) about use and beliefs relating to light cigarettes. We assessed the associations with smoking lights after adjusting for socio-demographic variables, and smoking-related behaviours and beliefs. Many smokers of lights
Lung cancer mortality by ethnic group age group and sex | ZanranLung cancer mortality by ethnic group age group and sex | Zanran
Data & statistics on Lung cancer mortality by ethnic group age group and sex: Lung cancer mortality, by ethnic group, age group and sex, 2011, Lung Cancer Mortality Rates by Sex and Ethnicity 1987-1995 Age-adjusted lung cancer mortality rates by sex and ethnicity for the combined period 1990 through 1995, along with their 95% confidence intervals and the rate ratios of each group compared to White rates, are shown in Table 21. (See also Figures 6 and 7, pp. 28-29) Table 21: Lung Cancer Mortality Rates and Rate Ratios by Ethnicity and Sex, ..., That the lung cancer mortality rates in North Denver women were higher than rates in the remainder of the Metro area in all race/ethnicity groups; the differences were statistically significant for all races combined, and white non-Hispanics. For males, lung cancer mortality rates in North Denver were higher than other Metro area rates for all races combined, white non-Hispanics, and Hispanics, but ......
Oral health promotion and tobacco use prevention in South Africa : towards an integrated educational approach</em>...Oral health promotion and tobacco use prevention in South Africa : towards an integrated educational approach</em>...
TY - THES. T1 - Oral health promotion and tobacco use prevention in South Africa : towards an integrated educational approach. AU - Ayo-Yusuf, O.A.. PY - 2008/1/1. Y1 - 2008/1/1. M3 - Doctoral Thesis. SN - 9780620421904. PB - Maastricht University. CY - Maastricht. ER - ...
Kick the cigarette habit! - American Nurse TodayKick the cigarette habit! - American Nurse Today
quitting gradually, either by tapering or "postponing." The gradual approach beats going cold turkey if youre especially anxious about quitting or lack confidence in your ability to quit. With the tapering method, set your quit date, count the number of cigarettes you typically smoke daily, and then smoke fewer cigarettes each day. If you typically smoke, say, 30 cigarettes daily, resolve to smoke 5 fewer cigarettes each day, so youll have quit completely in 6 days. Unless youre a light smoker to begin with, cut back by more than just one cigarette daily; your total tapering time should be a few days, not a few weeks. Dragging it out too long could turn into a procrastination tactic. With the "postponing" method, delay your first cigarette of the day by 2 hours every day. Heres a sample schedule: On day 1, smoke your first cigarette at 8:00 A.M.; on day 2, at 10 A.M.; on day 3, at noon-and so on. If you go this route, make sure to consider your work schedule; it could limit your ability to ...
IJERPH | Free Full-Text | Mixed Methods Pilot Study of Sharing Behaviors among Waterpipe Smokers of Rural Lao PDR:...IJERPH | Free Full-Text | Mixed Methods Pilot Study of Sharing Behaviors among Waterpipe Smokers of Rural Lao PDR:...
To date, the sharing behaviors associated with the homemade tobacco waterpipe used in rural areas of the Western Pacific Region have not been studied. Evidence from studies of manufactured waterpipes raises the possibility of infectious disease transmission due to waterpipe sharing. The objective of our pilot study in rural Lao Peoples Democratic Republic (PDR) was to identify and measure the prevalence of waterpipe sharing behaviors. We first conducted ethnographic studies to investigate waterpipe-smoking behaviors. These findings were then used to develop an interviewer-administered household survey that was used in a sampling of waterpipe smokers from three villages of the Luang Namtha province of Lao PDR (n = 43). Sampled waterpipe smokers were predominantly male (90.7%), older (mean age 49, SD 13.79), married (95.4%), farmers (78.6%), and had completed no primary education. Pipes were primarily made from bamboo (92.9%). Almost all (97.6%) smokers were willing to share their pipe with others. At
Institute for Global Tobacco ControlInstitute for Global Tobacco Control
The Institute for Global Tobacco Control is a part of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Our mission is to prevent death and disease from tobacco products by generating evidence to support effective tobacco control interventions.
Institute for Global Tobacco ControlInstitute for Global Tobacco Control
The Institute for Global Tobacco Control is a part of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Our mission is to prevent death and disease from tobacco products by generating evidence to support effective tobacco control interventions.
Cigarette-Smoking.netCigarette-Smoking.net
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Preventing Chronic Disease: April 2004: 03 0034pPreventing Chronic Disease: April 2004: 03 0034p
apr/03_0034p.htm. PEER REVIEWED. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is conducting several reviews of mass media campaigns to determine the kinds of campaign elements that contribute most to success. The purpose of the reviews is to aid states and other countries in developing their own campaigns to reduce smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke. The first 2 reviews (of campaigns to promote adult smoking cessation and youth tobacco use prevention) have been completed. Preliminary findings for the third review (of campaigns to reduce exposure to secondhand smoke) are available.. Media campaigns are an effective component of a comprehensive tobacco control program. Programs must determine ways to make their limited funds work most efficiently to change attitudes and behaviors related to smoking and secondhand smoke via media campaigns.. Data and results were solicited through a variety of channels, including CDC networks, GLOBALink, and the World Health Organization. Qualitative ...
Cigarette smoking and tooth loss experience among young adults: a national record linkage study | BMC Public Health | Full TextCigarette smoking and tooth loss experience among young adults: a national record linkage study | BMC Public Health | Full Text
Databases of the National Nutrition Survey (NNS) and the Survey of Dental Diseases (SDD) from 1999 were obtained from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare with permission for analytical use. The SDD, which involved the same sample population as that of the NNS, is conducted every six years. Data were collected from persons aged 1 year or older from approximately 5000 households in 300 districts. The background and general procedure of the surveys were described previously [11].. Smoking status was defined in the questionnaires of the NNS as: "current smoker", an individual who currently smokes cigarettes daily or occasionally; "former smoker", an individual who has smoked cigarettes at some point in their life, but who currently does not smoke; "non-smoker", an individual who was an experimental smoker or who has never smoked cigarettes. Current smokers were asked about cigarette consumption in terms of the number of cigarettes per day and duration of smoking.. In the SDD, calibrated ...
Menthol Cigarettes Very Addictive Says FDA · Guardian Liberty VoiceMenthol Cigarettes Very Addictive Says FDA · Guardian Liberty Voice
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration revealed last Tuesday that menthol-flavored cigarettes pose greater damaging effects to public health, because they are more addictive than regular cigarettes.. The findings were published by the FDA, "menthol cigarettes pose a public health risk above that seen with non-menthol cigarettes." The study explains that menthol-flavored cigarettes are not more harmful than regular ones, in terms of toxicity, however, menthol´s freshness and anesthetic properties tend to reduce the unpleasant flavor of tobacco; as result, the number of young smokers increases. In the U.S., menthol-flavored cigarettes account for about a quarter of the total market.. Also, the FDA explained, "Menthol smokers show greater signs of nicotine dependence and are less likely to successfully quit smoking.". Menthol-flavored cigarettes are consumed, mostly, by African Americans and teenagers. Nonetheless, the FDA didn´t proposed any specific restriction or ban on the subject for ...
On World Head & Neck Cancer Day, Experts Urge People to Stay Away from Tobacco - Lawstreet JournalOn World Head & Neck Cancer Day, Experts Urge People to Stay Away from Tobacco - Lawstreet Journal
On World Head and Neck Cancer Day held on July 27, the experts urged Indian citizens to stay away from tobacco use, as its a major cause of cancer. Head and neck cancer occurs mainly in the mouth, larynx, throat or nose.. Dr. Harit Chaturvedi, cancer surgeon, Chairman Max Oncology, and Voice of Tobacco Victims (VoTV) patron said, "Head & neck cancers are the biggest sources of the cancer burden in India. Nearly half of the newly diagnosed head & neck cancers die within 12 months of diagnosis. Paradoxically, two-thirds of head & neck cancers are related to known agents such as tobacco, areca nut, and alcohol.. Unfortunately, these causative agents are freely available either due to a weak policy implementation or absence of it." India witnesses 1.75 lac new cases of head and neck cancers every year. Of these 76% are males and 24% are females.. In India, tobacco chewing is more as compared to smoking. According to the Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2017, of the 28.6% of overall prevalence of ...
Cigarette Use Among High School Students --- United States, 1991--2009Cigarette Use Among High School Students --- United States, 1991--2009
Understanding the trends in the prevalence of cigarette smoking among youths enables policy makers to target prevention resources more effectively. Every 2 years, CDC analyzes data from the national Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) to evaluate trends in cigarette use among high school students in the United States. This report updates a previous report (1) and describes results of CDCs 2010 analysis of YRBS data from 1991--2009 for three measures: ever smoked cigarettes, current cigarette use, and current frequent cigarette use. For ever smoked cigarettes, the prevalence did not change from 1991 (70.1%) to 1999 (70.4%), declined to 58.4% in 2003, and then declined more gradually, to 46.3% in 2009. For current cigarette use, the prevalence increased from 27.5% in 1991 to 36.4% in 1997, declined to 21.9% in 2003, and then declined more gradually, to 19.5% in 2009. For current frequent cigarette use, the prevalence increased from 12.7% in 1991 to 16.8% in 1999, declined to 9.7% in 2003, and then ...
paa2013paa2013
The specific objectives of the present study are to analyze the differentials in prevalence; progression of use of tobacco and major determinants of quitting of smoking as well as use of smokeless tobacco. The rationale behind this study is to spread the awareness about the disease and deaths due to tobacco consumption. This study utilized the data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey India (GATS India).The prevalence is high in Bihar (54%), Chhattisgarh (53%), and Jharkhand (50%) and the lowest in Goa (9 %), Punjab (12 %).the probability of quitting tobacco among females is 1.35 times (p
Salivary antioxidants status following progressive aerobic exercise: What are the differences between waterpipe smokers and non...Salivary antioxidants status following progressive aerobic exercise: What are the differences between waterpipe smokers and non...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Salivary antioxidants status following progressive aerobic exercise. T2 - What are the differences between waterpipe smokers and non-smokers?. AU - Arazi, Hamid. AU - Taati, Behzad. AU - Sajedi, Forough Rafati. AU - Suzuki, Katsuhiko. PY - 2019/10. Y1 - 2019/10. N2 - Waterpipe tobacco (WPT) smoking is a public health problem with similar or even stronger effects than cigarette smoking. Although it appears to be associated with extensive oxidative stress, there is a limited number of studies on the oxidative effects of WPT smoking in stressful conditions. We, therefore, compared the responses of salivary flow rate (SFR), uric acid (UA) concentration, and peroxidase (POX) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) activities between WPT smokers and non-smokers following a bout of exhaustive aerobic exercise (AE). Twenty-three sedentary young women (age: 22.95 ± 2.83 years) participated in this study, including 11 smokers (7.00 ± 1.41 uses/week) and 12 non-smokers. All ...
Living with a nonsmoking partner and smoking cessation of middle-aged Japanese male smokers: A prospective cohort study<...Living with a nonsmoking partner and smoking cessation of middle-aged Japanese male smokers: A prospective cohort study<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Living with a nonsmoking partner and smoking cessation of middle-aged Japanese male smokers. T2 - A prospective cohort study. AU - Ota, Atsuhiko. AU - Masue, Takeshi. AU - Yasuda, Nobufumi. AU - Tsutsumi, Akizumi. AU - Mino, Yoshio. AU - Ohara, Hiroshi. AU - Ono, Yuichiro. PY - 2012/10/1. Y1 - 2012/10/1. N2 - Background: Smokers nonsmoking partners may be expected to encourage the smokers to quit smoking. However, there is little evidence regarding whether this expectation is applicable to the cases of middle-aged Japanese male smokers. Objective: We examined the relationship between living with a nonsmoking partner and smoking cessation of middle-aged Japanese male smokers. Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed. Five hundred seventy nine male smokers were observed for two years during which no intensive smoking cessation interventions were offered to either the subjects or their partners. The smoking status of the subjects and their partners was assessed based on ...
Parental Smoking Cessation to Protect Young Children:A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis | American Academy of PediatricsParental Smoking Cessation to Protect Young Children:A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis | American Academy of Pediatrics
Tobacco, a legal product worldwide, killed 100 million people in the 20th century, and could kill as many as a billion human beings in the current century.1 Efforts to prevent tobacco-related morbidity and premature mortality depend on prevention programs, policies protecting people from tobacco smoke exposure, and effective cessation programs. Over a decade ago, Peto and Lopez showed that cessation will contribute quickly to lowering the burden of smoking-induced disease, because of the immediate health benefits of quitting and the long lag time for the development of many smoking-related diseases.2 Cessation has the additional benefit of the prevention of exposure of others to tobacco smoke. Yet, cessation for many smokers remains an elusive goal,3(p.15) with most quitters returning to their habit over time.4. Principles of behavior assume that the provision of knowledge works to change behavior when motivation for change is present. Increased perception of risk has been shown to be associated ...
About Tobacco Control - Canada.caAbout Tobacco Control - Canada.ca
Links to the Government of Canadas Federal Tobacco Control Strategy (FTCS), Health Canadas Tobacco Control Programme (TCP) and the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
Has the California tobacco control program reduced smoking? - PubMed - NCBIHas the California tobacco control program reduced smoking? - PubMed - NCBI
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
Cigarette Smokers Can Very Easily Make Their Own Menthol Inhalers | Modern MechanixCigarette Smokers Can Very Easily Make Their Own Menthol Inhalers | Modern Mechanix
ANY cigarette smoker can easily make a menthol inhaler to fight his winter colds. All that is necessary is a small bottle of menthol crystals, some absorbent cotton, a cigarette holder, a smoke instead of a sweet, and the habit. Several of the menthol crystals should be lightly wrapped in the cotton and inserted in the holder before the cigarette is inserted. The smoker will find that he has a much cooler smoke and that the menthol tends to clear the throat and nose when inhaled and expelled through the nose. It will also tend to extract the nicotine from the smoke. ...
Tobacco Use Among Minnesota Teens Declines | EmaxHealthTobacco Use Among Minnesota Teens Declines | EmaxHealth
Were encouraged by the continued decline in youth tobacco use in Minnesota," said Minnesota Commissioner of Health Dr. Sanne Magnan. "Many local public health departments, tobacco prevention organizations and other partners contributed to this decline. We have more work to do, however, because tobacco use remains the single most preventable cause of death in this country.". The new Freedom to Breathe Act is likely helping to discourage youth tobacco use, according to Dr. Jane Korn, a chronic disease epidemiologist with MDH. "Smoke-free laws create a positive example for young people and lead to decreased smoking," said Korn. She noted that nearly 90 percent of the middle school students surveyed believe that smoking should never be allowed inside their homes, their vehicles, at workplaces and in indoor public places. Support among high school students ranges from 71 percent for vehicles to 81 percent for indoor public places.. Korn expressed concern about several findings in the survey.. * ...
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The aim of the study: The aim of the study was - Structure of Rhomboid Protease in Complex with β-Lactam InhibitorsThe aim of the study: The aim of the study was - Structure of Rhomboid Protease in Complex with β-Lactam Inhibitors
The aim of the study: The aim of the study was clinical and cytological examination of gingival changes in smokers and non-smokers. was higher than in non-smokers group, but difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The values of examined indices showed buy 213261-59-7 higher values in smokers group. This finding could show that the level of oral hygiene is higher in the non smokers group. The size of nucleus (area, Ferrets diameter and perimeter) was higher in the group of smokers, but differences were not statistically significant. Teamwork of many different speciality experts is required for better periodontal health of smokers. Key words: smoking, periodontal disease, gingival, cytological investigation. 1.?INTRODUCTION Periodontal disease is chronic, inflammatory disease followed by destruction of periodontal tissues. Oral biofilm with anaerobic microorganisms represents main etiological factor for occurrence of periodontal disease, buy 213261-59-7 but cigarette smoking is ...
Tobacco Use Prevention and Cessation - Wicomico County Health DepartmentTobacco Use Prevention and Cessation - Wicomico County Health Department
Outbreak of Lung Injury Associated with the Use of E-Cigarette, or Vaping, Products. CDC has identified vitamin E acetate as a chemical of concern among people with e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury (EVALI). Recent CDC laboratory testing of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid samples (fluid samples collected from the lungs) from 29 patients with EVALI submitted to CDC from 10 states found vitamin E acetate in all of the samples. Vitamin E acetate might be used as an additive, most notably as a thickening agent in THC-containing e-cigarette, or vaping, products.. CDC recommends that people should not use e-cigarette, or vaping, products that contain THC, particularly from informal sources like friends, or family, or in-person or online dealers. Until the relationship of vitamin E acetate and lung health is better understood, vitamin E acetate should not be added to e-cigarette, or vaping, products. In addition, people should not add any substance to e-cigarette or vaping ...
PRIME PubMed | Smoking-associated interstitial lung disease: update and reviewPRIME PubMed | Smoking-associated interstitial lung disease: update and review
PubMed journal article: Smoking-associated interstitial lung disease: update and review. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android
A Pilot Study on Genotype Announcement to Induce Smoking Cessation by Japanese SmokersA Pilot Study on Genotype Announcement to Induce Smoking Cessation by Japanese Smokers
Background: Genotype announcements related to susceptibility to hazardous effects of smoking may be effective ‍to induce smoking cessation. ‍Methods: Subjects were municipal government employees, 63 young smokers employed in the previous year and ‍59 smokers with more than 45 pack-years, who were invited to educational sessions against smoking held in December ‍2003 and February 2004, respectively. In the session, those who wished genetic susceptibility tests (GSTM1, GSTT1, ‍and NQO1 C609T) were enrolled in the study. The smoking habit was ascertained three times: at the session, one ‍month later, just before the genotype announcement, and at the follow-up three months after the announcement. ‍Results: Fifty eight (92.1%) and 49 (83.1%) smokers participated in the study, respectively. One out of 58 smokers ‍was not a habitual smoker, so was not included in the analysis. The smoking cessation rates were 15.8% (9 participants) ‍and 6.1% (3 participants) just before the genotype
Examining the Genetic Factors That May Cause Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govExamining the Genetic Factors That May Cause Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
COPD is a disease in which the lung airways are damaged and partly obstructed, making it difficult to breathe. Millions of people in the United States have COPD, and it is the third leading cause of death in the United States. Symptoms include coughing, excess mucus production, shortness of breath, wheezing, and chest tightness. Emphysema and long-term bronchitis are the two most common manifestations of the disease. The most common risk factor for developing COPD is cigarette smoking; however, only 15% to 20% of smokers develop COPD in their lifetimes. It is not known why some smokers develop COPD and some do not, but certain genetic factors, combined with exposure to cigarette smoke, may increase the likelihood of developing COPD. This study will analyze DNA from current and former cigarette smokers to identify genetic factors and markers that may indicate a predisposition to developing COPD.. This study will enroll African-American and white cigarette smokers and former cigarette smokers both ...
IJERPH | Free Full-Text | Future Intentions Regarding Quitting and Reducing Cigarette Use in a Representative Sample of...IJERPH | Free Full-Text | Future Intentions Regarding Quitting and Reducing Cigarette Use in a Representative Sample of...
Pre-cessation reduction is associated with quitting smoking. However, many smokers reduce the amount consumed but may not quit altogether. Using a representative sample of adult current daily smokers, this project explored future intentions of smokers regarding cigarette consumption. This information is important because it can provide a framework within which to plan tobacco cessation initiatives. A random digit dialing telephone survey was conducted of 889 Canadian current daily smokers, 18 years and older. The response rate was 65% (of households with a smoker in residence, 65% agreed to participate). Analyses focused on the 825 respondents who smoked at least 10 cigarettes per day at some point in their lives. As part of this survey, respondents were asked their future plans about their smoking (maintain, increase, reduce, quit). Of these 825 respondents, the majority of respondents had plans to change their cigarette use, with 55% planning to quit, 18.8% to reduce and 22.5% to maintain the amount
Long-time women smokers are at higher risk of sudden death - UPI.comLong-time women smokers are at higher risk of sudden death - UPI.com
Longtime women smokers are two-and-a-half times more likely to suffer sudden cardiac death than non-smokers, a researcher in Canada says.
Citizen News Service - CNS: Highlights of the Asia Pacific Lung Cancer Conference (APLCC 2016)Citizen News Service - CNS: Highlights of the Asia Pacific Lung Cancer Conference (APLCC 2016)
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), smoking tobacco is the top risk factor for lung cancer, with 90 percent of cases attributed to tobacco use. People who smoke cigarettes are 15 to 30 times more likely to get lung cancer or die from lung cancer than those who do not. The 2014 U.S. Surgeon Generals Report stated that women smokers were 25.7 times more likely than women who never smoked to develop lung cancer. Male smokers were 25 times more at risk than men who never smoked. Smoke from others cigarettes, pipes, or cigars (secondhand smoke) also causes lung cancer. Quitting smoking at any age can lower the risk of lung cancer ...
Smokers Need More Anesthetic during Surgery | Be Korea-savvySmokers Need More Anesthetic during Surgery | Be Korea-savvy
SEOUL, June 2 (Korea Bizwire) - A recent study showed that smokers or those exposed to second-hand smoke require more anesthetic and painkillers during surgical operations than non-smokers, hinting that exposure to smoking can hinder anesthesia and pain control.. According to a May 30 report by Science Daily, Erdogan Ozturk of Bezmialem Vakif University in Turkey arrived at the conclusion after dividing 90 women who underwent surgery to remove their uterus through abdominal hysterectomy into three groups: smokers, those who were exposed to secondhand smoke, and non-smokers. Doses of propofol and remifentanil were monitored for the three groups of 30 patients each.. Doctor Ozturks team compared the total amounts of anesthetic and painkillers among the three groups to maintain the Bispectral index value (BIS) from 40 to 60.. The amount of propofol used for the induction of anesthesia was 102.76mg for the smoker group, 84.53mg for the passive smoker group and 119.37mg for the non-smoker ...
The Rest of the Story: Tobacco News Analysis and Commentary: June 2007The Rest of the Story: Tobacco News Analysis and Commentary: June 2007
Vogue apparently doesnt care that 178,000 women die every year due to lung cancer and other smoking-related disease. Their latest response to your faxes about "light and luscious" Camel No. 9s -- "Could you stop? Youre killing trees." R.J. Reynolds doesnt care either. Death is literally being marketed - and sold - to our daughters, mothers, and sisters through Camel No.9 ad campaigns. Thats why our Youth Advocates of the Year - the YAYAs - are taking the fight against Big Tobacco and Camel No.9 straight to Washington, DC. Will you help the YAYAs wage this most important battle on Capitol Hill and sponsor their training at this summers Youth Advocacy Symposium? At the six-day symposium, YAYAs from across the country will learn how to lobby our nations lawmakers for passage of life-saving FDA legislation that will spell the end for pretty and pink Camel No.9 ads and other sinister marketing that attracts youth. ... Your gift will give the YAYAs the tools and training they need to influence ...
PRIME PubMed | Parental smoking behavior and passive smoke exposure in children with asthmPRIME PubMed | Parental smoking behavior and passive smoke exposure in children with asthm
PubMed journal article Parental smoking behavior and passive smoke exposure in children with asthm were found in PRIME PubMed. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android
Snus News & Other Tobacco Products: 7/4/10 - 7/11/10Snus News & Other Tobacco Products: 7/4/10 - 7/11/10
cigarette use, and current frequent cigarette use. For ever smoked cigarettes, the prevalence did not change from 1991 (70.1%) to 1999 (70.4%), declined to 58.4% in 2003, and then declined more gradually, to 46.3% in 2009. For current cigarette use, the prevalence increased from 27.5% in 1991 to 36.4% in 1997, declined to 21.9% in 2003, and then declined more gradually, to 19.5% in 2009. For current frequent cigarette use, the prevalence increased from 12.7% in 1991 to 16.8% in 1999, declined to 9.7% in 2003, and then declined more gradually, to 7.3% in 2009. For all three measures, rates began to decline in the late 1990s, but the rate of decline slowed during 2003-2009. (Cigarette Use Among High School Students - United States, 1991-2009, MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Vol. 59 / No. 26, 7/9/2010 ...
Cigarette Smoke - body, chemical, system, carbon, oxygen, cells, effects, causeCigarette Smoke - body, chemical, system, carbon, oxygen, cells, effects, cause
There is a strong relationship between the length of time a person smokes, the number of cigarettes a person smokes each day, and the development of smoking-related diseases. Simply put, the more one smokes, the more one is likely to suffer ill effects. Cigarette smoke weakens blood vessel walls and increases the level of cholesterol in the blood, which can lead to atherosclerosis (a disease in which fatty material is deposited in the arterial walls). It can cause the coronary arteries to narrow, increasing the risk of heart attack due to impaired blood flow to the heart. Smoking also increases the risk of stroke (a blood clot or rupture in an artery of the brain). In addition to lung cancer, smoking can cause cancers of the mouth, throat, voicebox, esophagus, stomach, cervix, and bladder. Drinking alcohol while smoking causes 75 percent of all mouth and throat cancers. ...
Tobacco giant Philip Morris launches anti-smoking campaignTobacco giant Philip Morris launches anti-smoking campaign
The Marlboro-makers Hold My Light campaign claims to be a new way to give up cigarettes, and links to a website where smokers can create a profile and have friends commit to help them quit. Charity Cancer Research U.K. criticized the move, calling it staggering hypocrisy.
Me and My Doctor: December 2011Me and My Doctor: December 2011
In 2000-04, a pilot project in East Texas sought to find out what is needed to encourage grade schools children not to use tobacco. The pilot project spent $3 per person, as recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This program demonstrated that by using $3 per person, a comprehensive tobacco control and prevention program can make a difference. It demonstrated a significant 37-percent drop in grade 6-12 smokers and a 26-percent reduction in smoking in adults aged 18-22. Only a concerted effort throughout the state, with an expenditure of at least $3 per person on a comprehensive tobacco control program, can maintain these impressive numbers ...
Jeffrey E. Harris MD PhD - Congressional TestimonyJeffrey E. Harris MD PhD - Congressional Testimony
NOTES 1. "Cigarette Smoking-Attributable Mortality and Years of Potential Life Lost-- United States, 1990," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 42 (Aug. 27, 1993): 645-49. (Return to text.) 2. On average, an adult cigarette smoker (current or former) spends 20 percent more on health care than an adult who has never smoked. This excess rate of spending varies from 10 to 30 percent, depending on the source of data and the methods used by researchers to compare smokers and nonsmokers, but in some studies it runs as high as 100 percent. See, for example: J. Paul Leigh and James F. Fries, "Health Habits, Health Care Use and Costs in a Sample of Retirees," Inquiry 29 (Spring 1992): 44-54; Thomas A. Hodgson, "Cigarette Smoking and Lifetime Medical Expenditures," Milbank Quarterly 70 (1992): 81-125; Willard G. Manning, Emmett B. Keeler, Joseph P. Newhouse, et al., The Costs of Poor Health Habits (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1991); Dorothy P. Rice, Thomas A. Hodgson, et al., "The ...
TOBACCO USE PREVENTION COORDINATOR - Toronto Public Health | Ontario Health Promotion E-BulletinTOBACCO USE PREVENTION COORDINATOR - Toronto Public Health | Ontario Health Promotion E-Bulletin
Interested candidates should forward their resume/cover letter, quoting this File #98-NY-009 to Human Resources, City of Toronto, North York Civic Centre, 5100 Yonge Street, North York, Ontario, M2N 5V7 or by Fax to: (416) 395-6985 by the closing date of May 7, 1998 ...
Health Inequalities - Action on Smoking and HealthHealth Inequalities - Action on Smoking and Health
There is a strong link between cigarette smoking and socio-economic group. Smoking has been identified as the single biggest cause of inequality in death rates between rich and poor in the UK. Smoking accounts for over half of the difference in risk of premature death between social classes.. Death rates from tobacco are two to three times higher among disadvantaged social groups than among the better off.. Long-term smokers bear the heaviest burden of death and disease related to their smoking. Long-term smokers are disproportionately drawn from lower socio-economic groups. People in poorer social groups who smoke, start smoking at an earlier age: of those in managerial and professional households about one third start smoking before age 16 compared with almost half of those in routine and manual household.. Below is a recording of a webinar by Martin Dockrell from Public Health England and Amanda Amos from the University of Edinburgh. (A on the topics that arose during the webinar is ...
year old male chronic smoker complaints hoarseness voice for past monthsyear old male chronic smoker complaints hoarseness voice for past months
... Laryngeal keratosis is a precancerous condition. Treatment modalities includes avoidance of aetiological factors such as smoking, stripping of vocal cords and examination of tissues for malignancy and
year old male chronic smoker complaints hoarseness voice for past monthsyear old male chronic smoker complaints hoarseness voice for past months
... Laryngeal keratosis is a precancerous condition. Treatment modalities includes avoidance of aetiological factors such as smoking, stripping of vocal cords and examination of tissues for malignancy and
Abstract P142: Smokers Can Lose Weight When They Quit Smoking | CirculationAbstract P142: Smokers Can Lose Weight When They Quit Smoking | Circulation
Background: Smoking is one of the major risk factors of CVD. It is well-known that smokers increase weight when they quit smoking, and concomitant weight increase after smoking cessation may blunt beneficial effects of smoking cessation on e.g. glucose metabolism. However, not all smokers gain weight. To our knowledge, predictors of weight-loss after smoking cessation have not previously been investigated.. Methods: in a large population-based study, the Inter99 study, 2,408 daily smokers were included at baseline. Out of these, 262 attended the five year follow-up and reported that they had not smoked for at least 12 months. Participants completed self-report questionnaires at baseline and follow-up. In multivariable logistic regression analyses we investigated predictors of weight-loss.. Results: A total of 17.6% of the quitters had lost weight from baseline to 5 years follow-up. Neither sex, age, number of daily meals, energy intake, dietary quality, physical activity, alcohol consumption, ...
Smoking Reduction Intervention for Smokers Not Willing to Quit Smoking: a Randomised Control Trial - Full Text View -...Smoking Reduction Intervention for Smokers Not Willing to Quit Smoking: a Randomised Control Trial - Full Text View -...
The aims of this study are (1) to examine the effect of smoking reduction intervention (reduction counseling and nicotine replacement therapy, NRT) (a) on smoking cessation and (b) on reducing daily cigarette consumption among smokers not willing to quit smoking but want to reduce smoking, and (2) to examine the effect of adherence intervention in producing a higher (a) adherence rate, (b) reduction rate, and (c) quit rate ...
Scientists discover how cigarette smoke causes cancer: Study points to new treatments, saf... ( Everyone has known for decades...Scientists discover how cigarette smoke causes cancer: Study points to new treatments, saf... ( Everyone has known for decades...
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Tobacco Smoke PollutionRestaurantsAir FiltersSmokePublic FacilitiesCotinineSmoke-Free PolicyTobacco ProductsTobacco, SmokelessAdvisory CommitteesTobaccoTobacco IndustryProduct LabelingProduct PackagingGuaiacolWoodEncyclopedias as TopicLigninCelluloseColorEugenolHalitosisAthletic PerformanceNicotineSmokingBlood PressureHeart RateGoatsHealth StatusPublic HealthGoat DiseasesPhotographyPhotography, DentalPathology, SurgicalOnline SystemsImage Processing, Computer-AssistedInternetEquipment DesignCopyrightComputer SecurityConfidentialityPrivacyLicensureGenetic PrivacyHealth PolicySmoking CessationPhysiciansTobacco Use CessationInsurance CoverageTobacco Use Cessation Products
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Smoke Free - Quit Smoking Now on the App StoreSmoke Free - Quit Smoking Now on the App Store
Change in mental health after smoking cessation: systematic review and meta-analysis | The BMJChange in mental health after smoking cessation: systematic review and meta-analysis | The BMJ
Smoking and your heart | The Heart FoundationSmoking and your heart | The Heart Foundation
Smoking Marijuana Not Bad For The LungsSmoking Marijuana Not Bad For The Lungs
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Smoking (cooking) - WikipediaSmoking (cooking) - Wikipedia
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Tobacco Smoke PollutionRestaurantsAir FiltersSmokePublic FacilitiesCotinineSmoke-Free PolicyTobacco ProductsTobacco, SmokelessAdvisory CommitteesTobaccoTobacco IndustryProduct LabelingProduct PackagingGuaiacolWoodEncyclopedias as TopicLigninCelluloseColorEugenolHalitosisAthletic PerformanceNicotineSmokingBlood PressureHeart RateGoatsHealth StatusPublic HealthGoat DiseasesPhotographyPhotography, DentalPathology, SurgicalOnline SystemsImage Processing, Computer-AssistedInternetEquipment DesignCopyrightComputer SecurityConfidentialityPrivacyLicensureGenetic PrivacyHealth PolicySmoking CessationPhysiciansTobacco Use CessationInsurance CoverageTobacco Use Cessation Products
CessationLeast 20 cigarettes per daySecondhandMarijuana2016Quit Smoking20171,000Women who smokedPregnancyRisksSmokerCigarette smokePartner smokesBansPerson smokesCold smokedWoman smokesAdults smokedHabitIncreases the riskCigarettes smokedResearchersFlavourCancerQuitting SmokingNicotine withdrawalAnti-smoking camPregnantStopMeatsFewer cigarettesLungHarmfulYearsBehaviorDiseasesDangersPercentMale smokersVapingSiblingsDeathsEvidenceBabiesProhibitWorkplacesPreventable cause of deMaternalPassiveHazardsLungsDamagesPipes1998PeerPracticeFlavorReduce the number of cigarettesLongExposure
Cessation27
Least 20 cigarettes per day2
Secondhand26
Marijuana14
20164
Quit Smoking34
20171
1,0005
Women who smoked1
Pregnancy13
Risks9
Smoker9
  • If you are a smoker and are ready to quit, thinking about quitting, or want to help someone else to quit, talk to your doctor or health practitioner about giving up smoking. (heartfoundation.org.au)
  • The skin of a non-smoker gets more nutrients, including oxygen, and stopping smoking can reverse the sallow, lined complexion smokers often have. (www.nhs.uk)
  • Using a smoker is one method of imparting natural smoke flavor to large cuts of meat, whole poultry, and turkey breasts. (usda.gov)
  • Because smoking uses low temperatures to cook food, the meat will take too long to thaw in the smoker, allowing it to linger in the "Danger Zone" (temperatures between 40 and 140 °F) where harmful bacteria can multiply. (usda.gov)
  • The younger the smoker is when he or she starts to smoke, the higher the risk of becoming addicted to nicotine, a naturally occurring drug found in tobacco that, in the short term, can distract from unpleasant feelings. (psychologytoday.com)
  • A teen's first purchase decision isn't about becoming a smoker, but rather about which brand to smoke. (cato.org)
  • In 1998 just over half of surveyed households had home smoking bans, but in the latest survey just under three quarters of respondents to a phone survey said their household's regular smoker always or usually smoked outside. (theage.com.au)
  • If you love smoked meats, you will be happy to know it's easy to create a smoked - and safe - flavor on your smoker grill. (foodsafety.gov)
  • This anti-smoking advertisement from the New York Department of Health in the 1980s, designed to appeal to the smoker, uses sophisticated graphic design techniques to encourage the viewer to stop smoking. (nih.gov)
Cigarette smoke6
Partner smokes2
Bans10
  • We address the endogeneity of peers by looking at the impact of workplace smoking bans on spousal and peer group smoking. (nber.org)
  • Using these bans as an instrument, we find that individuals whose spouses smoke are 40 percent more likely to smoke themselves. (nber.org)
  • We also find evidence for the existence of a social multiplier in that the impact of smoking bans and individual income becomes stronger at higher levels of aggregation. (nber.org)
  • A few states, including California and Hawaii, have passed laws incorporating e-cigarettes and other vaping products into workplace bans on smoking. (nolo.com)
  • In other states, e-cigarettes and vaping products are explicitly not included in workplace smoking bans. (nolo.com)
  • Compared with Singapore and Hong Kong, Li said that enforcement of smoking bans is not tough enough in the mainland. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • Also, households in lower socio-economic areas were less likely to enforce home smoking bans. (theage.com.au)
  • Whether you believe in smoking bans or not it would seem a SWAT team is overkill. (freerepublic.com)
  • I`m not opposed to smoking bans per se, but 95 percent of my business comes from out of Skokie. (chicagotribune.com)
  • Skokie`s law would leave nearby Lincolnwood the odd village out among its near north suburban neighbors: Evanston has tight restrictions on alcohol sales, Morton Grove bans handguns, and now Skokie is trying to clamp down hard on public smoking. (chicagotribune.com)
Person smokes2
Cold smoked2
  • The item is often hung in a dry environment first to develop a pellicle , then it can be cold smoked up to several days to ensure it absorbs the smokey flavour. (wikipedia.org)
  • with the one exception of smoked salmon, which is eaten raw, all cold smoked products are cooked before they are eaten. (fao.org)
Woman smokes2
Adults smoked1
  • More than 42 percent of U.S. adults smoked, and there was a good chance your doctor was among them. (yahoo.com)
Habit7
  • After smoking for six years, the Beijing resident quit the habit two months ago. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • The survey also showed that 81.6 percent of respondents were eager to stop smoking, or had heard of family members and friends who were considering kicking the habit. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - A new study may offer women one more reason to kick the smoking habit before becoming pregnant: a potentially reduced risk of early miscarriage. (reuters.com)
  • About half of all Americans who keep smoking will die because of the habit. (cancer.org)
  • Hide Your Habit Never light up around your infant, and make your home and car smoke-free environments. (parents.com)
  • In the first half of the twentieth century, cigarette smoking became a widespread habit firmly engrained in American culture. (nih.gov)
  • Here's One Way To Kick The Smoking Habit. (businessinsider.com)
Increases the risk1
Cigarettes smoked1
Researchers6
  • And peer pressure: Some researchers find that a youngster's social group and the influence of friends, particularly for girls, is the single most important factor in the decision to smoke. (cato.org)
  • Even if this 20-year-old woman quits smoking, she'll be at greater risk for peripheral artery disease than women who never start smoking, researchers reported Monday in the Annals of Internal Medicine. (chicagotribune.com)
  • When the researchers combined alcohol and smoking, they found no excess deaths among subjects who drank fewer than four drinks per day. (reuters.com)
  • A study by University of Buffalo researchers found that smokers who incorporated a heavy diet of fruits and vegetables were three times as likely to not smoke for 30 days than people who didn't consume a produce-heavy diet , HealthDay reported. (businessinsider.com)
  • We interviewed researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago in the Health Media Collaboratory about their use of DiscoverText and the Gnip-enabled Power Track for Twitter to study smoking behavior. (screencast.com)
  • In 1950, British researchers demonstrated a clear relationship between smoking and cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Flavour2
  • All fish for hot smoking are brined to give them flavour. (fao.org)
  • Sawdust for smoking should contain a high proportion of hardwood to impart a pleasant flavour to the fish. (fao.org)
Cancer16
  • Half of all long-term smokers die early from smoking-related diseases, including heart disease , lung cancer and chronic bronchitis . (www.nhs.uk)
  • Smoking and tobacco use can harm every body system and lead to health problems such as heart disease, stroke, emphysema (breakdown of lung tissue), and many types of cancer - including lung, throat, stomach, and bladder cancer. (kidshealth.org)
  • Smoking is associated with cancer, heart disease and stroke, gum disease, asthma, and other chronic lung conditions, and Type-2 diabetes as well as serious complications of diabetes. (psychologytoday.com)
  • 2 The lung cancer potential of cigarettes, pipes, and cigars is similar when similar amounts of smoke are inhaled. (britannica.com)
  • However, many pipe and cigar smokers do not regularly inhale the smoke and thus the overall risk of lung cancer is lower for pipes and cigars. (britannica.com)
  • NHL patients who smoked tobacco and/or drank alcoholic beverages could be more vulnerable to the complications and side effects of cancer treatments," he noted. (reuters.com)
  • Perhaps they could add a list of which characters died as a direct result of smoking: "Edward R. Murrow -- died at age 57 of lung cancer," and so on for emphysema and other smoking-related diseases. (latimes.com)
  • You can help reduce your risk of cancer by making healthy choices like eating right, staying active and not smoking. (cancer.org)
  • Smoking not only causes cancer. (cancer.org)
  • Smoking accounts for about 30% of all cancer deaths in the United States, including about 80% of all lung cancer deaths. (cancer.org)
  • New research released today by the Cancer Council Victoria found significant improvement in the efforts of parents to keep tobacco smoke away from their kids. (theage.com.au)
  • According to the National Cancer Institute, more stop-smoking drugs (and possibly even a vaccine that makes nicotine unappealing) could hit the market within five years. (cnn.com)
  • Concerned with the harmful effects of smoking, the World Health Organization and the Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) created this poster of a skeletal hand holding a cigarette. (nih.gov)
  • The American Cancer Society estimates that up to 5,000 nonsmokers die each year from inhaling the smoke of the 30 percent of the adult population that smokes. (chicagotribune.com)
  • And the study didn't take into account other smoking-related problems, such as atherosclerosis and lung cancer, that might have further tipped the cost-benefit scales toward the quitters. (slate.com)
  • German scientists identified a link between smoking and lung cancer in the late 1920s, leading to the first anti-smoking campaign in modern history, albeit one truncated by the collapse of Nazi Germany at the end of World War II. (wikipedia.org)
Quitting Smoking16
Nicotine withdrawal2
  • As the stress of withdrawal feels the same as other stresses, it's easy to confuse normal stress with nicotine withdrawal, so it can seem like smoking is reducing other stresses. (www.nhs.uk)
  • Clinicians are more likely to treat symptoms of nicotine withdrawal when smoking is restricted. (rand.org)
Anti-smoking cam2
  • Doctors and anti-smoking campaigners have given a mixed reaction to the White Paper on tobacco, with some expressing disappointment that it does not go far enough. (bbc.co.uk)
  • As a result, anti-smoking campaigners since the 1960s have been compelled to challenge the perception that the behavior is commonplace and integral to everyday life. (nih.gov)
Pregnant6
Stop37
Meats4
  • Historically, farms in the Western world included a small building termed the " smokehouse ", where meats could be smoked and stored. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cold smoking does not cook foods, and as such, meats should be fully cured before cold smoking. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cold smoking can be used as a flavor enhancer for items such as cheese or nuts , along with meats such as chicken breasts, beef , pork chops , salmon , scallops , and steak . (wikipedia.org)
  • Cold smoking meats should only be attempted by personnel certified in HACCP , or H azard A nalysis and C ritical C ontrol P oints, to ensure that it is safely prepared. (wikipedia.org)
Fewer cigarettes3
Lung5
  • Obviously more research is needed, and it would be interesting to see results of lung tests in communities such as Jamaica and the Himalayas where smoking pot is endemic and done in larger daily volumes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • People breathe more easily and cough less when they give up smoking because their lung capacity improves by up to 10% within 9 months. (www.nhs.uk)
  • In your 20s and 30s, the effect of smoking on your lung capacity may not be noticeable until you go for a run, but lung capacity naturally diminishes with age. (www.nhs.uk)
  • In the last five years, facilities like stadiums, outdoor public markets and parks have gone smoke-free in response to people's desires,' said Paul Knepprath, vice president of government relations for the American Lung Assn. of California. (latimes.com)
  • Then this spring, a large study from Europe looked at the net effect on lung function of stopping smoking (good) and concomitant weight gain (bad). (slate.com)
Harmful3
  • About 460 million Chinese are also believed to suffer from the harmful smoke of those who light up, while more than 1 million in the country die every year from smoking-related diseases. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • Are there any alternatives to smoking which are not harmful? (selfgrowth.com)
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a smoking composition which is suitable for aerosoling flavours and drugs but which contains a minimum amount of combustible organic material or smokeproducing fuel which on burning inevitably gives rise to some harmful products. (google.com)
Years17
  • In 5 to 15 years, your risk of stroke and coronary heart disease returns to that of someone who has never smoked. (heartfoundation.org.au)
  • Although refinements in technique and advancements in technology have made smoking much easier, the basic steps involved remain essentially the same today as they were hundreds if not thousands of years ago. (wikipedia.org)
  • Being smoke-free not only adds years to your life, but also greatly improves your chances of a disease-free, mobile, happier old age. (www.nhs.uk)
  • Ireland and other European countries have also banned smoking indoors, while some parts of Canada and a number of U.S. states have had strict controls on smoking for years. (ibtimes.com)
  • Most people who smoke start young, in their teenage years, often because they have friends or family members who also smoke. (psychologytoday.com)
  • Beijing implemented a smoking ban in public areas 12 years ago. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • Within 15 years, Minnesota could expect 30,000 young people would not start smoking if the age of sale is raised to 21. (minnpost.com)
  • i have been smoking cigarettes for 13 years, i recently quit at 24, and now i am 26. (medhelp.org)
  • The IOM estimates 25% decline in smoking initiation among 15-17 years olds as well as a 12% reduction in smoking prevalence in the long term. (prnewswire.com)
  • That zoo, where about half of the 500,000 annual visitors are children, banned smoking four years ago. (latimes.com)
  • Smoking shortens male smokers' lives by about 12 years and female smokers' lives by about 11 years. (cancer.org)
  • I say this because it wasn't the last time I smoked, that was a few years later in 2008, but it was the last time I smoked every day. (washington.edu)
  • Outside the home, there has been an increase over the last 11 years in the proportion of smokers who do not smoke at all when they are around children: from 45 per cent in 1998 to 56 per cent in 2008. (theage.com.au)
  • Beulah "Billy" Toombs, shown with her dog Chauncy, has been smoking since she was 16 but now she either has to quit or move from her apartment building in Milford, after nine years of occupancy. (usatoday.com)
  • Toombs - her friends call her Billie - is 89 years old, and she is still smoking. (usatoday.com)
  • Michael Fennell, 43, became interested in smoke as an art tool around 15 years ago, having initially become intrigued by the marks carbon made on his studio floor. (yahoo.com)
  • After an individual has smoked for some years, the avoidance of withdrawal symptoms and negative reinforcement become the key motivations to continue. (wikipedia.org)
Behavior3
  • While smoking may be used, in part, as a coping behavior, it is not a valid treatment for any mental health condition. (psychologytoday.com)
  • The most persuasive explanation of youth smoking focuses on what we know about young people's risk factors for problem behavior. (cato.org)
  • Smoking topography is a representation of the physical characteristics of smoking behavior, such as puff count, puff volume, average flow, puff duration, and interpuff interval. (springer.com)
Diseases1
  • Consequently, he has a genuine understanding of the devastation and heartbreak that mouth cancers and other smoking related diseases can cause to a family. (prweb.com)
Dangers6
  • Read more about the dangers of passive smoking . (www.nhs.uk)
  • This symbolic representation of the dangers and deadliness of smoking warns the viewer, "Even the best cigarettes can be your tomb. (nih.gov)
  • Educating our patients about good oral health and the dangers of smoking is a task I am committed to. (prweb.com)
  • He is already known for his excellent work educating people on the dangers of smoking. (prweb.com)
  • He went on to say, "By educating people about oral health, good hygiene practices, and by teaching them about the dangers of mouth cancers, I feel certain we can help to prevent even more patients from developing this horrific disease, and other smoke related health problems. (prweb.com)
  • Graphic warning labels' pair gruesome images with warnings about the dangers of smoking, covering anywhere from 30 to 80 percent of cigarette pack 'faces' (the front and back). (rand.org)
Percent9
Male smokers1
  • Both female and male smokers have lower fertility levels, while adults who were born to mothers who smoked have less chance of becoming a parent themselves. (netdoctor.co.uk)
Vaping1
  • While using an e-cigarette (vaping) is a lot safer than smoking, it isn't completely risk free. (www.nhs.uk)
Siblings2
Deaths10
  • Smoking materials caused 5% of reported home fires, 21% of home fire deaths, 10% of home fire injuries, and 6% of the direct property damage. (nfpa.org)
  • The place where we feel safest - at home - is where most smoking-materials structure fires, deaths, and injuries occur. (nfpa.org)
  • Smoking materials are the leading cause of fire deaths. (nfpa.org)
  • Cigarette smoking is responsible for more than 480,000 deaths in the United States each year, including 41,000 from second-hand smoke. (psychologytoday.com)
  • Moreover, because of the rapid increase in smoking in developing countries in the late 20th century, the number of smoking-related deaths per year was projected to rise rapidly in the 21st century. (britannica.com)
  • The primary cause of the escalation in the number of deaths and incidents of disease from tobacco is the large increase in cigarette smoking during the 20th century. (britannica.com)
  • The World Health Organization estimates that in developed countries, roughly a quarter of male deaths and nearly a tenth of female deaths can be attributed to smoking. (scientificamerican.com)
  • This means each year smoking causes about 1 out of 5 deaths in the US. (cancer.org)
  • BEIJING, Jan. 5 (UPI) -- Health experts, noting a worsening smoking problem in China, Thursday raised their estimates of tobacco-related deaths to 3.5 million annually by 2030. (upi.com)
  • The new estimate was sharply higher than the previous estimate of 3 million deaths by 2050, pointing to the spreading smoking epidemic. (upi.com)
Evidence7
  • A heart patient who is suing a hospital for negligence admits there is no firm evidence he was discriminated against because he smoked. (bbc.co.uk)
  • In this paper, we examine the evidence for peer effects in smoking. (nber.org)
  • There's an easy way to check this: If easier retail access to tobacco were a cause of increased smoking, then you'd expect to find less youth smoking where access to tobacco was more tightly controlled - but the real-world evidence says otherwise. (cato.org)
  • The research evidence about adolescent smoking is full of powerful explanations for why some kids smoke and others do not. (cato.org)
  • Regardless of these findings, there is overwhelming evidence that nicotine use through tobacco smoking is one of the most dangerous drug problems in the world," says Michael Bloomfield, MD, clinical lecturer in psychiatry at University College London. (webmd.com)
  • New evidence from a Danish study shows that smoking can also harm babies emotionally. (popsci.com)
  • Yet perversely enough, evidence suggests that the rush to stamp out cigarette smoking has brought health problems along with clean lungs and wide-open arteries. (slate.com)
Babies6
  • Tobacco smoke harms babies before and after they are born. (cdc.gov)
  • Tobacco smoke also contains other chemicals that can harm unborn babies. (cdc.gov)
  • Mothers who smoke are more likely to deliver their babies early. (cdc.gov)
  • 1,2,3 Babies whose mothers smoke are about three times more likely to die from SIDS. (cdc.gov)
  • Everyone knows that expectant moms who smoke risk damaging their babies' physical health. (popsci.com)
  • Reduce Your Baby's Risk "Babies born to mothers who smoke are at greater risk for pneumonia, asthma, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and acute ear infections," says Carol Anderson, R.N., a lactation consultant at Rose Medical Center in Denver. (parents.com)
Prohibit5
  • Encourage kids to get involved in activities that prohibit smoking, such as sports. (kidshealth.org)
  • However, several states have passed laws to prohibit smoking at work, in one way or another. (nolo.com)
  • prohibit smoking in only certain types of workplaces, such as hospitals and restaurants. (nolo.com)
  • Disneyland, Six Flags Magic Mountain and Universal Studios Hollywood prohibit smoking near waiting lines, eating areas, pools and children's areas. (latimes.com)
  • The ordinance up for consideration would restrict smoking in offices, hotels, transportation waiting areas, theater lobbies and restaurants seating 40 or more patrons, and prohibit smoking in retail stores, reception areas and public restrooms, hallways and meeting rooms. (chicagotribune.com)
Workplaces3
  • England slammed the door on smoking in bars, workplaces and public buildings on Sunday in what campaigners hail as the biggest boost to public health since the creation of the National Health Service in 1948. (ibtimes.com)
  • Federal law does not regulate smoking in private workplaces. (nolo.com)
  • Some states have a total ban on smoking in indoor workplaces, public and private. (nolo.com)
Preventable cause of de2
  • She said: Smoking is the single most preventable cause of death. (ibtimes.com)
  • Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the U.S., Gibbons says. (scientificamerican.com)
Maternal2
  • Of course, the study shows only a statistical association between maternal smoking and delinquency. (popsci.com)
  • Maternal smoking has been linked to lower milk supply and early weaning . (parents.com)
Passive2
Hazards2
  • One reason that smoking and chewing tobacco are major health hazards is because they contain the chemical nicotine . (kidshealth.org)
  • They coordinated a letter-writing campaign to local newspapers, posted handbills and mailed letters encouraging people to rally at the trustees` meeting, presented a plaque to the owners of Skokie`s Quartet Plaza--the Chicago area`s first large, smoke-free office building--and trotted out health experts at press conferences, where they testified to the health hazards of secondary smoke. (chicagotribune.com)
Lungs4
Damages2
Pipes5
  • Smoking materials, including cigarettes, pipes, and cigars, started an estimated 17,200 home structure fires reported to U.S. fire departments in 2014. (nfpa.org)
  • anyone who lives here smoke cigarettes, cigars, or pipes anywhere inside this home? (cdc.gov)
  • A more broad definition may include simply taking tobacco smoke into the mouth, and then releasing it, as is done by some with tobacco pipes and cigars. (wikipedia.org)
  • Eastern North American tribes would carry large amounts of tobacco in pouches as a readily accepted trade item and would often smoke it in Ceremonial pipes, either in sacred ceremonies or to seal bargains. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sacred ceremonial pipes are not used for smoking intoxicants, but rather to offer prayers in a spiritual or religious ceremony. (wikipedia.org)
19981
  • Smoking Popes' first album with their original lineup since 1998 is called 'Into the Agony' and it comes out on Asian Man Records this fall. (brooklynvegan.com)
Peer2
  • Discuss ways to respond to peer pressure to smoke. (kidshealth.org)
  • When asked what factors led them to start smoking, adolescents mention peer pressure, expressing their individualism and making a statement vis-á-vis their parents or other authority figures. (cato.org)
Practice3
Flavor3
  • Smoking became more of a way to flavor than to preserve food. (wikipedia.org)
  • Smokehouse temperatures for cold smoking are typically done between 20 to 30 °C (68 to 86 °F). In this temperature range, foods take on a smoked flavor, but remain relatively moist. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most satisfactory smoke flavor is obtained by using hickory, apple, or maple wood chips or flakes. (usda.gov)
Reduce the number of cigarettes1
  • You can also then plan your 'stopping smoking journey' and place certain milestones along the route so that you gradually reduce the number of cigarettes you smoke to zero by the time your ultimate deadline date arrives. (selfgrowth.com)
Long12
  • See how much money you've saved, how many cigarettes you've not smoked, how long you've been smoke free, how much life you've regained and how your health is improving. (apple.com)
  • Large quantities of salt were used in the curing process and smoking times were quite long, sometimes involving days of exposure. (wikipedia.org)
  • The advent of modern transportation made it easier to transport food products over long distances and the need for the time and material intensive heavy salting and smoking declined. (wikipedia.org)
  • Smoking is not a valid treatment for any mental health condition, however, and won't make anyone feel better in the long run. (psychologytoday.com)
  • The smoking of tobacco, long practiced by American Indians , was introduced to Europe by Christopher Columbus and other explorers. (britannica.com)
  • The days when smoking cigarettes in the workplace was as accepted as drinking coffee are long gone. (nolo.com)
  • Anti-smoking measures might take more time to be effective, particularly for smokers who have been lighting up for a long time," Zhang was quoted by China Youth Daily as saying. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • The prices certainly wouldn't ever come down, and I knew that long-term I didn't want to be smoking. (washington.edu)
  • Smoke Free tracks how much money you have saved, how long you have been smoke-free, and how many cigarettes you have avoided. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The National Smoking Control Programme, a comprehensive long-term plan for smoking control spearheaded by the Ministry of Health in Singapore in 1986, created this poster in response to pro-tobacco forces that emphasized the First Amendment personal freedom of smokers to smoke and tobacco companies to advertise their products. (nih.gov)
  • MILFORD, Ohio - Beulah Toombs started smoking a long time ago. (usatoday.com)
  • I lit a pipe and had a good long smoke , and went on watching. (wiktionary.org)
Exposure2
Smoking or Non? - BackStory - WNYC
Smoking or Non? - BackStory - WNYC (wnyc.org)
Stop Smoking Lozenges | Walgreens
Stop Smoking Lozenges | Walgreens (walgreens.com)
US cigarette smoking rate reaches new low - CNN
US cigarette smoking rate reaches new low - CNN (cnn.com)
The day I realized smoking wasn't cool - CNN
The day I realized smoking wasn't cool - CNN (cnn.com)
Casual Marijuana Smoking Not Harmful to Lungs
Casual Marijuana Smoking Not Harmful to Lungs (livescience.com)
Outdoor smoking ban vote Tuesday
Outdoor smoking ban vote Tuesday (argusleader.com)
Willie Nelson says he has quit smoking - CNN Video
Willie Nelson says he has quit smoking - CNN Video (cnn.com)
Smoking leaves 30-year legacy on your DNA - CNN
Smoking leaves 30-year legacy on your DNA - CNN (cnn.com)
Florida jury awards $23.6 billion in smoking lawsuit - CNN
Florida jury awards $23.6 billion in smoking lawsuit - CNN (cnn.com)
Cigarette tax can help curb smoking in Indiana
Cigarette tax can help curb smoking in Indiana (indystar.com)
Chain-smoking children: Indonesia's ongoing tobacco epidemic - CNN
Chain-smoking children: Indonesia's ongoing tobacco epidemic - CNN (edition.cnn.com)
Too Much Sleeping & Sitting as Bad as Smoking & Drinking
Too Much Sleeping & Sitting as Bad as Smoking & Drinking (livescience.com)
Mother and son turn tragedy into anti-smoking fight
Mother and son turn tragedy into anti-smoking fight (indystar.com)
Smoking featured in half of hip-hop videos, study finds - CNN
Smoking featured in half of hip-hop videos, study finds - CNN (cnn.com)
Tobacco companies ordered to publicly admit deception on smoking dangers - CNN
Tobacco companies ordered to publicly admit deception on smoking dangers - CNN (cnn.com)
Derrick Henry: Alabama will be 'smoking cigars' after Tennessee game
Derrick Henry: Alabama will be 'smoking cigars' after Tennessee game (tennessean.com)
Brooke's Liggett Acts to Settle Smoking Liability to Individuals - WSJ
Brooke's Liggett Acts to Settle Smoking Liability to Individuals - WSJ (wsj.com)
Dark Iron Smoking Pipe - Item - World of Warcraft
Dark Iron Smoking Pipe - Item - World of Warcraft (wowhead.com)
'Deracine' Casting Call | Smoking Apples - Film Auditions |...
'Deracine' Casting Call | Smoking Apples - Film Auditions |... (backstage.com)
Beat smoking and other habits with self-control techniques and games - CNN
Beat smoking and other habits with self-control techniques and games - CNN (cnn.com)
KwitCase 2.0 - A Smart And Fun Way To Quit Smoking | Indiegogo
KwitCase 2.0 - A Smart And Fun Way To Quit Smoking | Indiegogo (indiegogo.com)
Malia Obama spotted with smoking boyfriend Rory Farquharson in New York
Malia Obama spotted with smoking boyfriend Rory Farquharson in New York (news.com.au)
Report: Pollution Causes More Deaths Than War, Smoking | The Takeaway | WNYC
Report: Pollution Causes More Deaths Than War, Smoking | The Takeaway | WNYC (wnyc.org)
Columbus bar files lawsuit against smoking ban | Toledo Blade
Columbus bar files lawsuit against smoking ban | Toledo Blade (toledoblade.com)
Vaping helps thousands to quit smoking | News | The Times
Vaping helps thousands to quit smoking | News | The Times (thetimes.co.uk)
Drug InfoNet - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - [smoking]
Drug InfoNet - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - [smoking] (druginfonet.com)
California smoking bills in holding pattern, stalling lobbyist threat | The Sacramento Bee
California smoking bills in holding pattern, stalling lobbyist threat | The Sacramento Bee (sacbee.com)
Vaping Marijuana Gets You Way, Way Higher Than Smoking It, Study Finds
Vaping Marijuana Gets You Way, Way Higher Than Smoking It, Study Finds (livescience.com)
'Smoking' Bird Photo Sparks Alarm and Outrage - NBC Los...
'Smoking' Bird Photo Sparks Alarm and Outrage - NBC Los... (nbclosangeles.com)
Florida governor wants lawmakers to drop medical marijuana smoking ban
Florida governor wants lawmakers to drop medical marijuana smoking ban (tcpalm.com)
Residence - Horniest smoking area in Dublin by The Professor | Mixcloud
Residence - Horniest smoking area in Dublin by The Professor | Mixcloud (mixcloud.com)
Libertarians defend Olympia bar owner's private smoking club | The Olympian
Libertarians defend Olympia bar owner's private smoking club | The Olympian (theolympian.com)