AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation Science
Sialic AcidsN-Acetylneuraminic AcidNeuraminidaseNeuraminic AcidsSialic Acid Storage DiseaseSialyltransferasesSialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like LectinsGlycoconjugatesGangliosidesLectinsSialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 1AcetylesteraseHexosaminesCytidine Monophosphate N-Acetylneuraminic AcidCarbohydrate SequenceSialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2CarbohydratesOligosaccharidesPolysaccharidesCarbohydrate ConformationPeriodic AcidGlycoproteinsG(M3) GangliosideReceptors, VirusN-Acylneuraminate CytidylyltransferaseGlycosylationSialoglycoproteinsOxo-Acid-LyasesMucinsMaackiaGalactoseAmino SugarsFucoseCarbohydrate EpimerasesChromatography, Thin LayerWheat Germ AgglutininsGlycopeptidesMolecular Sequence DataCarbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn ErrorsPlant LectinsHemagglutinationGlycophorinVirus AttachmentSugar AcidsGlycocalyxErythrocytesGlycoside HydrolasesCell MembraneRibosome Inactivating ProteinsGlucosamineAcetylationAcetylgalactosamineGlycolipidsOrosomucoidChromatography, High Pressure LiquidCell LineAsialoglycoproteinsG(M1) Ganglioside3-DeazauridineHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza VirusElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelCricetinaeHexosesOrganic Anion TransportersLysosomal Storage DiseasesMolecular WeightSubmandibular GlandStreptococcus agalactiaeInfluenzavirus CGlycosphingolipidsChromatography, Ion ExchangePeanut AgglutininCHO CellsChromatography, AffinitySialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3MonosaccharidesCytidine MonophosphateMicrobiological PhenomenaAmino AcidsChromatography, PaperFetuinsBinding SitesInfluenza A virusGlycomicsAmino Acid SequenceSialomucinsCattleProtein BindingHemagglutination, Viralalpha-FetoproteinsCarbohydrate MetabolismChromatography, GelPeptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) Asparagine AmidaseClostridium perfringensMannoseKineticsPeriodic Acid-Schiff ReactionAgglutinationG(M2) GangliosideSubstrate SpecificityMass SpectrometryEnterovirus D, HumanSulfuric AcidsPolysaccharides, BacterialLactoseSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationTransferasesErythrocyte MembraneOrthomyxoviridaeGalactose OxidaseTransmissible gastroenteritis virusReceptors, MitogenHemagglutinins, ViralAcetylglucosamineStarfishGlycosidesBorohydridesIsoelectric Focusingalpha-N-AcetylgalactosaminidaseAsparagineHemagglutininsDistal MyopathiesBlood Group AntigensCapsid ProteinsMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyGolgi ApparatusMembrane GlycoproteinsAntigens, Differentiation, MyelomonocyticCricetulusLiverStructure-Activity RelationshipAntibodies, MonoclonalSpecies SpecificitySymportersEpitopesGalactosamineSwineCell Adhesion MoleculesHistocytochemistryAntigens, CD43TrypsinChemistry
Sialic Acids: A group of naturally occurring N-and O-acyl derivatives of the deoxyamino sugar neuraminic acid. They are ubiquitously distributed in many tissues.N-Acetylneuraminic Acid: An N-acyl derivative of neuraminic acid. N-acetylneuraminic acid occurs in many polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animals and bacteria. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p1518)Neuraminidase: An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of alpha-2,3, alpha-2,6-, and alpha-2,8-glycosidic linkages (at a decreasing rate, respectively) of terminal sialic residues in oligosaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, colominic acid, and synthetic substrate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992)Neuraminic AcidsSialic Acid Storage Disease: Autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorders caused by lysosomal membrane transport defects that result in accumulation of free sialic acid (N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID) within the lysosomes. The two main clinical phenotypes, which are allelic variants of the SLC17A5 gene, are ISSD, a severe infantile form, or Salla disease, a slowly progressive adult form, named for the geographic area in Finland where the kindred first studied resided.Sialyltransferases: A group of enzymes with the general formula CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:acceptor N-acetylneuraminyl transferase. They catalyze the transfer of N-acetylneuraminic acid from CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid to an acceptor, which is usually the terminal sugar residue of an oligosaccharide, a glycoprotein, or a glycolipid. EC 2.4.99.-.Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins: A family of SIALIC ACID binding proteins found in vertebrate species. They are transmembrane proteins which act as cell surface receptors for a variety of sialylated GLYCOCONJUGATES. While a subset of siglec protein subtypes are evolutionarily conserved between mammalian species, there are many others that are species specific.Glycoconjugates: Carbohydrates covalently linked to a nonsugar moiety (lipids or proteins). The major glycoconjugates are glycoproteins, glycopeptides, peptidoglycans, glycolipids, and lipopolysaccharides. (From Biochemical Nomenclature and Related Documents, 2d ed; From Principles of Biochemistry, 2d ed)Gangliosides: A subclass of ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS. They contain one or more sialic acid (N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID) residues. Using the Svennerholm system of abbrevations, gangliosides are designated G for ganglioside, plus subscript M, D, or T for mono-, di-, or trisialo, respectively, the subscript letter being followed by a subscript arabic numeral to indicated sequence of migration in thin-layer chromatograms. (From Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1997)Lectins: Proteins that share the common characteristic of binding to carbohydrates. Some ANTIBODIES and carbohydrate-metabolizing proteins (ENZYMES) also bind to carbohydrates, however they are not considered lectins. PLANT LECTINS are carbohydrate-binding proteins that have been primarily identified by their hemagglutinating activity (HEMAGGLUTININS). However, a variety of lectins occur in animal species where they serve diverse array of functions through specific carbohydrate recognition.Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 1: A sialic acid binding lectin that was originally identified as an adhesion molecule for inflammatory MACROPHAGES and activated MONOCYTES. This protein is the largest known siglec subtype and contains 16 immunoglobulin C2-set domains. It plays a role in cell to cell interactions and interactions with BACTERIA.Acetylesterase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of acetate esters and water to alcohols and acetate. EC 3.1.1.6.HexosaminesCytidine Monophosphate N-Acetylneuraminic Acid: A nucleoside monophosphate sugar which donates N-acetylneuraminic acid to the terminal sugar of a ganglioside or glycoprotein.Carbohydrate Sequence: The sequence of carbohydrates within POLYSACCHARIDES; GLYCOPROTEINS; and GLYCOLIPIDS.Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2: A lectin and cell adhesion molecule found in B-LYMPHOCYTES. It interacts with SIALIC ACIDS and mediates signaling from B-CELL ANTIGEN RECEPTORS.Carbohydrates: The largest class of organic compounds, including STARCH; GLYCOGEN; CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; and simple MONOSACCHARIDES. Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of Cn(H2O)n.Oligosaccharides: Carbohydrates consisting of between two (DISACCHARIDES) and ten MONOSACCHARIDES connected by either an alpha- or beta-glycosidic link. They are found throughout nature in both the free and bound form.PolysaccharidesCarbohydrate Conformation: The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a carbohydrate.Periodic Acid: A strong oxidizing agent.Glycoproteins: Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.G(M3) Ganglioside: A ganglioside present in abnormally large amounts in the brain and liver due to a deficient biosynthetic enzyme, G(M3):UDP-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase. Deficiency of this enzyme prevents the formation of G(M2) ganglioside from G(M3) ganglioside and is the cause of an anabolic sphingolipidosis.Receptors, Virus: Specific molecular components of the cell capable of recognizing and interacting with a virus, and which, after binding it, are capable of generating some signal that initiates the chain of events leading to the biological response.N-Acylneuraminate Cytidylyltransferase: An enzyme that forms CMP-acylneuraminic acids, which donate the N-acylneuraminic acid residues to the terminal sugar residue of a ganglioside or glycoprotein. EC 2.7.7.43.Glycosylation: The chemical or biochemical addition of carbohydrate or glycosyl groups to other chemicals, especially peptides or proteins. Glycosyl transferases are used in this biochemical reaction.Sialoglycoproteins: Glycoproteins which contain sialic acid as one of their carbohydrates. They are often found on or in the cell or tissue membranes and participate in a variety of biological activities.Oxo-Acid-Lyases: Enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of a carbon-carbon bond of a 3-hydroxy acid. (Dorland, 28th ed) EC 4.1.3.Mucins: High molecular weight mucoproteins that protect the surface of EPITHELIAL CELLS by providing a barrier to particulate matter and microorganisms. Membrane-anchored mucins may have additional roles concerned with protein interactions at the cell surface.Maackia: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. It contains a hemagglutinin.Galactose: An aldohexose that occurs naturally in the D-form in lactose, cerebrosides, gangliosides, and mucoproteins. Deficiency of galactosyl-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYL-TRANSFERASE DEFICIENCY DISEASE) causes an error in galactose metabolism called GALACTOSEMIA, resulting in elevations of galactose in the blood.Amino Sugars: SUGARS containing an amino group. GLYCOSYLATION of other compounds with these amino sugars results in AMINOGLYCOSIDES.FucoseCarbohydrate Epimerases: Enzymes that catalyze the epimerization of chiral centers within carbohydrates or their derivatives. EC 5.1.3.Chromatography, Thin Layer: Chromatography on thin layers of adsorbents rather than in columns. The adsorbent can be alumina, silica gel, silicates, charcoals, or cellulose. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Wheat Germ Agglutinins: Lectins purified from the germinating seeds of common wheat (Triticum vulgare); these bind to certain carbohydrate moieties on cell surface glycoproteins and are used to identify certain cell populations and inhibit or promote some immunological or physiological activities. There are at least two isoforms of this lectin.Glycopeptides: Proteins which contain carbohydrate groups attached covalently to the polypeptide chain. The protein moiety is the predominant group with the carbohydrate making up only a small percentage of the total weight.Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn ErrorsPlant Lectins: Protein or glycoprotein substances of plant origin that bind to sugar moieties in cell walls or membranes. Some carbohydrate-metabolizing proteins (ENZYMES) from PLANTS also bind to carbohydrates, however they are not considered lectins. Many plant lectins change the physiology of the membrane of BLOOD CELLS to cause agglutination, mitosis, or other biochemical changes. They may play a role in plant defense mechanisms.Hemagglutination: The aggregation of ERYTHROCYTES by AGGLUTININS, including antibodies, lectins, and viral proteins (HEMAGGLUTINATION, VIRAL).Glycophorin: The major sialoglycoprotein of the human erythrocyte membrane. It consists of at least two sialoglycopeptides and is composed of 60% carbohydrate including sialic acid and 40% protein. It is involved in a number of different biological activities including the binding of MN blood groups, influenza viruses, kidney bean phytohemagglutinin, and wheat germ agglutinin.Virus Attachment: The binding of virus particles to receptors on the host cell surface. For enveloped viruses, the virion ligand is usually a surface glycoprotein as is the cellular receptor. For non-enveloped viruses, the virus CAPSID serves as the ligand.Sugar AcidsGlycocalyx: The carbohydrate-rich zone on the cell surface. This zone can be visualized by a variety of stains as well as by its affinity for lectins. Although most of the carbohydrate is attached to intrinsic plasma membrane molecules, the glycocalyx usually also contains both glycoproteins and proteoglycans that have been secreted into the extracellular space and then adsorbed onto the cell surface. (Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 3d ed, p502)Erythrocytes: Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.Glycoside HydrolasesCell Membrane: The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.Ribosome Inactivating Proteins: N-Glycosidases that remove adenines from RIBOSOMAL RNA, depurinating the conserved alpha-sarcin loop of 28S RIBOSOMAL RNA. They often consist of a toxic A subunit and a binding lectin B subunit. They may be considered as PROTEIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS. They are found in many PLANTS and have cytotoxic and antiviral activity.GlucosamineAcetylation: Formation of an acetyl derivative. (Stedman, 25th ed)Acetylgalactosamine: The N-acetyl derivative of galactosamine.Glycolipids: Any compound containing one or more monosaccharide residues bound by a glycosidic linkage to a hydrophobic moiety such as an acylglycerol (see GLYCERIDES), a sphingoid, a ceramide (CERAMIDES) (N-acylsphingoid) or a prenyl phosphate. (From IUPAC's webpage)OrosomucoidChromatography, High Pressure Liquid: Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.Cell Line: Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.Asialoglycoproteins: Endogenous glycoproteins from which SIALIC ACID has been removed by the action of sialidases. They bind tightly to the ASIALOGLYCOPROTEIN RECEPTOR which is located on hepatocyte plasma membranes. After internalization by adsorptive ENDOCYTOSIS they are delivered to LYSOSOMES for degradation. Therefore receptor-mediated clearance of asialoglycoproteins is an important aspect of the turnover of plasma glycoproteins. They are elevated in serum of patients with HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS or HEPATITIS.G(M1) Ganglioside: A specific monosialoganglioside that accumulates abnormally within the nervous system due to a deficiency of GM1-b-galactosidase, resulting in GM1 gangliosidosis.3-Deazauridine: 4-Hydroxy-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-2-pyridinone. Analog of uridine lacking a ring-nitrogen in the 3-position. Functions as an antineoplastic agent.Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus: Membrane glycoproteins from influenza viruses which are involved in hemagglutination, virus attachment, and envelope fusion. Fourteen distinct subtypes of HA glycoproteins and nine of NA glycoproteins have been identified from INFLUENZA A VIRUS; no subtypes have been identified for Influenza B or Influenza C viruses.Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel: Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.Cricetinae: A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.HexosesOrganic Anion Transporters: Proteins involved in the transport of organic anions. They play an important role in the elimination of a variety of endogenous substances, xenobiotics and their metabolites from the body.Lysosomal Storage Diseases: Inborn errors of metabolism characterized by defects in specific lysosomal hydrolases and resulting in intracellular accumulation of unmetabolized substrates.Molecular Weight: The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.Submandibular Gland: One of two salivary glands in the neck, located in the space bound by the two bellies of the digastric muscle and the angle of the mandible. It discharges through the submandibular duct. The secretory units are predominantly serous although a few mucous alveoli, some with serous demilunes, occur. (Stedman, 25th ed)Streptococcus agalactiae: A bacterium which causes mastitis in cattle and occasionally in man.Influenzavirus C: A genus of the family ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE comprising viruses similar to types A and B but less common, more stable, more homogeneous, and lacking the neuraminidase protein. They have not been associated with epidemics but may cause mild influenza. Influenza C virus is the type species.Glycosphingolipids: Lipids containing at least one monosaccharide residue and either a sphingoid or a ceramide (CERAMIDES). They are subdivided into NEUTRAL GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS comprising monoglycosyl- and oligoglycosylsphingoids and monoglycosyl- and oligoglycosylceramides; and ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS which comprises sialosylglycosylsphingolipids (GANGLIOSIDES); SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS (formerly known as sulfatides), glycuronoglycosphingolipids, and phospho- and phosphonoglycosphingolipids. (From IUPAC's webpage)Chromatography, Ion Exchange: Separation technique in which the stationary phase consists of ion exchange resins. The resins contain loosely held small ions that easily exchange places with other small ions of like charge present in solutions washed over the resins.Peanut Agglutinin: Lectin purified from peanuts (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA). It binds to poorly differentiated cells and terminally differentiated cells and is used in cell separation techniques.CHO Cells: CELL LINE derived from the ovary of the Chinese hamster, Cricetulus griseus (CRICETULUS). The species is a favorite for cytogenetic studies because of its small chromosome number. The cell line has provided model systems for the study of genetic alterations in cultured mammalian cells.Chromatography, Affinity: A chromatographic technique that utilizes the ability of biological molecules to bind to certain ligands specifically and reversibly. It is used in protein biochemistry. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3: A 67-kDa sialic acid binding lectin that is specific for MYELOID CELLS and MONOCYTE-MACROPHAGE PRECURSOR CELLS. This protein is the smallest siglec subtype and contains a single immunoglobulin C2-set domain. It may play a role in intracellular signaling via its interaction with SHP-1 PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE and SHP-2 PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE.Monosaccharides: Simple sugars, carbohydrates which cannot be decomposed by hydrolysis. They are colorless crystalline substances with a sweet taste and have the same general formula CnH2nOn. (From Dorland, 28th ed)Cytidine Monophosphate: Cytidine (dihydrogen phosphate). A cytosine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2', 3' or 5' position.Microbiological Phenomena: Physiological processes and properties of microorganisms, including ARCHAEA; BACTERIA; RICKETTSIA; VIRUSES; FUNGI; and others.Amino Acids: Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.Chromatography, Paper: An analytical technique for resolution of a chemical mixture into its component compounds. Compounds are separated on an adsorbent paper (stationary phase) by their varied degree of solubility/mobility in the eluting solvent (mobile phase).Fetuins: A family of calcium-binding alpha-globulins that are synthesized in the LIVER and play an essential role in maintaining the solubility of CALCIUM in the BLOOD. In addition the fetuins contain aminoterminal cystatin domains and are classified as type 3 cystatins.Binding Sites: The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.Influenza A virus: The type species of the genus INFLUENZAVIRUS A that causes influenza and other diseases in humans and animals. Antigenic variation occurs frequently between strains, allowing classification into subtypes and variants. Transmission is usually by aerosol (human and most non-aquatic hosts) or waterborne (ducks). Infected birds shed the virus in their saliva, nasal secretions, and feces.Glycomics: The systematic study of the structure and function of the complete set of glycans (the glycome) produced in a single organism and identification of all the genes that encode glycoproteins.Amino Acid Sequence: The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.Sialomucins: A subcategory of mucins that contain SIALIC ACID.Cattle: Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.Protein Binding: The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.Hemagglutination, Viral: Agglutination of ERYTHROCYTES by a virus.alpha-Fetoproteins: The first alpha-globulins to appear in mammalian sera during FETAL DEVELOPMENT and the dominant serum proteins in early embryonic life.Carbohydrate Metabolism: Cellular processes in biosynthesis (anabolism) and degradation (catabolism) of CARBOHYDRATES.Chromatography, Gel: Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination.Peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) Asparagine Amidase: An amidohydrolase that removes intact asparagine-linked oligosaccharide chains from glycoproteins. It requires the presence of more than two amino-acid residues in the substrate for activity. This enzyme was previously listed as EC 3.2.2.18.Clostridium perfringens: The most common etiologic agent of GAS GANGRENE. It is differentiable into several distinct types based on the distribution of twelve different toxins.Mannose: A hexose or fermentable monosaccharide and isomer of glucose from manna, the ash Fraxinus ornus and related plants. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed & Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)Kinetics: The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction: A histochemical technique for staining carbohydrates. It is based on PERIODIC ACID oxidation of a substance containing adjacent hydroxyl groups. The resulting aldehydes react with Schiff reagent to form a colored product.Agglutination: The clumping together of suspended material resulting from the action of AGGLUTININS.G(M2) Ganglioside: A glycosphingolipid that accumulates due to a deficiency of hexosaminidase A or B (BETA-N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES), or GM2 activator protein, resulting in GANGLIOSIDOSES, heredity metabolic disorders that include TAY-SACHS DISEASE and SANDHOFF DISEASE.Substrate Specificity: A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.Mass Spectrometry: An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers.Enterovirus D, Human: A species of ENTEROVIRUS infecting humans and consisting of 2 serotypes: Human enterovirus 68 and Human enterovirus 70.Sulfuric Acids: Inorganic and organic derivatives of sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The salts and esters of sulfuric acid are known as SULFATES and SULFURIC ACID ESTERS respectively.Polysaccharides, Bacterial: Polysaccharides found in bacteria and in capsules thereof.Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization: A mass spectrometric technique that is used for the analysis of large biomolecules. Analyte molecules are embedded in an excess matrix of small organic molecules that show a high resonant absorption at the laser wavelength used. The matrix absorbs the laser energy, thus inducing a soft disintegration of the sample-matrix mixture into free (gas phase) matrix and analyte molecules and molecular ions. In general, only molecular ions of the analyte molecules are produced, and almost no fragmentation occurs. This makes the method well suited for molecular weight determinations and mixture analysis.Transferases: Transferases are enzymes transferring a group, for example, the methyl group or a glycosyl group, from one compound (generally regarded as donor) to another compound (generally regarded as acceptor). The classification is based on the scheme "donor:acceptor group transferase". (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.Erythrocyte Membrane: The semi-permeable outer structure of a red blood cell. It is known as a red cell 'ghost' after HEMOLYSIS.Orthomyxoviridae: A family of RNA viruses causing INFLUENZA and other diseases. There are five recognized genera: INFLUENZAVIRUS A; INFLUENZAVIRUS B; INFLUENZAVIRUS C; ISAVIRUS; and THOGOTOVIRUS.Galactose Oxidase: An enzyme that oxidizes galactose in the presence of molecular oxygen to D-galacto-hexodialdose. It is a copper protein. EC 1.1.3.9.Transmissible gastroenteritis virus: A species of CORONAVIRUS causing a fatal disease to pigs under 3 weeks old.Receptors, Mitogen: Glycoprotein molecules on the surface of B- and T-lymphocytes, that react with molecules of antilymphocyte sera, lectins, and other agents which induce blast transformation of lymphocytes.Hemagglutinins, Viral: Specific hemagglutinin subtypes encoded by VIRUSES.Acetylglucosamine: The N-acetyl derivative of glucosamine.Starfish: Echinoderms having bodies of usually five radially disposed arms coalescing at the center.Glycosides: Any compound that contains a constituent sugar, in which the hydroxyl group attached to the first carbon is substituted by an alcoholic, phenolic, or other group. They are named specifically for the sugar contained, such as glucoside (glucose), pentoside (pentose), fructoside (fructose), etc. Upon hydrolysis, a sugar and nonsugar component (aglycone) are formed. (From Dorland, 28th ed; From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed)Borohydrides: A class of inorganic or organic compounds that contain the borohydride (BH4-) anion.Isoelectric Focusing: Electrophoresis in which a pH gradient is established in a gel medium and proteins migrate until they reach the site (or focus) at which the pH is equal to their isoelectric point.alpha-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase: A hexosaminidase with specificity for terminal non-reducing N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residues in N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminides.Asparagine: A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed)Hemagglutinins: Agents that cause agglutination of red blood cells. They include antibodies, blood group antigens, lectins, autoimmune factors, bacterial, viral, or parasitic blood agglutinins, etc.Distal Myopathies: A heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by progressive MUSCULAR ATROPHY and MUSCLE WEAKNESS beginning in the hands, the legs, or the feet. Most are adult-onset autosomal dominant forms. Others are autosomal recessive.Blood Group Antigens: Sets of cell surface antigens located on BLOOD CELLS. They are usually membrane GLYCOPROTEINS or GLYCOLIPIDS that are antigenically distinguished by their carbohydrate moieties.Capsid Proteins: Proteins that form the CAPSID of VIRUSES.Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).Golgi Apparatus: A stack of flattened vesicles that functions in posttranslational processing and sorting of proteins, receiving them from the rough ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM and directing them to secretory vesicles, LYSOSOMES, or the CELL MEMBRANE. The movement of proteins takes place by transfer vesicles that bud off from the rough endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi apparatus and fuse with the Golgi, lysosomes or cell membrane. (From Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990)Membrane Glycoproteins: Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic: Surface antigens expressed on myeloid cells of the granulocyte-monocyte-histiocyte series during differentiation. Analysis of their reactivity in normal and malignant myelomonocytic cells is useful in identifying and classifying human leukemias and lymphomas.Cricetulus: A genus of the family Muridae consisting of eleven species. C. migratorius, the grey or Armenian hamster, and C. griseus, the Chinese hamster, are the two species used in biomedical research.Liver: A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.Structure-Activity Relationship: The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.Antibodies, Monoclonal: Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.Species Specificity: The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.Symporters: Membrane transporters that co-transport two or more dissimilar molecules in the same direction across a membrane. Usually the transport of one ion or molecule is against its electrochemical gradient and is "powered" by the movement of another ion or molecule with its electrochemical gradient.Epitopes: Sites on an antigen that interact with specific antibodies.GalactosamineSwine: Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).Cell Adhesion Molecules: Surface ligands, usually glycoproteins, that mediate cell-to-cell adhesion. Their functions include the assembly and interconnection of various vertebrate systems, as well as maintenance of tissue integration, wound healing, morphogenic movements, cellular migrations, and metastasis.Histocytochemistry: Study of intracellular distribution of chemicals, reaction sites, enzymes, etc., by means of staining reactions, radioactive isotope uptake, selective metal distribution in electron microscopy, or other methods.Antigens, CD43: A sialic acid-rich protein and an integral cell membrane mucin. It plays an important role in activation of T-LYMPHOCYTES.Trypsin: A serine endopeptidase that is formed from TRYPSINOGEN in the pancreas. It is converted into its active form by ENTEROPEPTIDASE in the small intestine. It catalyzes hydrolysis of the carboxyl group of either arginine or lysine. EC 3.4.21.4.Chemistry: A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange.

Gangliosides of human kidney. (1/2052)

Five gangliosides isolated from human kidney have been characterized. The two main fractions were shown to be typical extraneural gangliosides in having lactose as their neutral carbohydrate moiety. Their structures were identified as: AcNeu(alpha2-3)Gal(beta1-4)Glc(beta1-1)Cer and AcNeu(alpha2-8)AcNeu(alpha2-3)Gal(beta1-4)Glc(beta1-1)Cer. The two main hexosamine-containing gangliosides are structurally related to human blood group substances of glycosphingolipid nature. The following structures are postulated: AcNeu(alpha2-3)Gal(beta1-4)GlcNAc(beta1-3)Gal(beta1-4)Glc(beta1-1)Cer and AcNeu(alpha2-3)Gal(beta1-4)[Fuc(alpha1-3)]GlcNAc(beta1-3)Gal(beta1-4)Glc(beta1-1) Cer. The third hexosamine-containing ganglioside belongs to a different series of glycolipids and was shown to have the structure of a major ganglioside of human brain: AcNeu(alpha2-3)Gal(beta1-3)GalNAc(beta1-4)[AcNeu(alpha2-3)]Gal(beta1-4)Glc(beta1- 1)Cer. The fatty acid structure of different gangliosides was shown to resemble that of neutral glycolipids of human kidney with the nonhydroxy acids C16:0, C22:0, and C24:0 as major components.  (+info)

Acid-catalyzed lactonization of alpha2,8-linked oligo/polysialic acids studied by high performance anion-exchange chromatography. (2/2052)

Recent studies from many laboratories revealed remarkable structural, distributional, and functional diversities of oligo/polysialic acids (OSA/PSA) that exist in organisms ranging from bacteria to man. These diversities are further complicated by the fact that OSA/PSA spontaneously form lactones under even mildly acidic conditions. By using high performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with nitrate eluents, we found that lactonization of alpha2,8-linked OSA/PSA (oligo/poly-Neu5Ac, oligo/poly-Neu5Gc and oligo/poly-KDN) proceeds readily, and the lactonization process displays three discrete stages. The initial stage is characterized by limited lactonization occurring between two internal sialic acid residues, reflected by a regular pattern of lactone peaks interdigitated with non-lactonized peaks on HPAEC. In the middle stage, multiple lactonized species are formed from a molecule with a given degree of polymerization (DP), in which the maximum number of lactone rings formed equals DP minus 2. At the final stage, completely lactonized species become the major components, resulting in drastic changes in the physicochemical properties of the sample. Interestingly, the smallest lactonizable OSA are tetramer, trimer, and dimer at the initial, middle, and final stages, respectively. At any of the stages, OSA/PSA of higher DP lactonize more rapidly, but all the lactone rings rapidly open up when exposed to mild alkali. Lactonized OSA/PSA are resistant to both enzyme- and acid-catalyzed glycosidic bond cleavage. The latter fact was utilized to obtain more high DP oligo/poly(alpha2,8-Neu5Gc) chains from a polysialoglycoprotein. Our results should be useful in preparation, storage, and analysis of OSA/PSA. Possible biological significance and bioengineering potentials of lactonization are discussed.  (+info)

Carbohydrate on human factor VIII/von Willebrand factor. Impairment of function by removal of specific galactose residues. (3/2052)

Human factor VIII/von Willebrand factor protein containing 120 +/- 12 nmol of sialic acid and 135 +/- 13 nmol of galactose/mg of protein was digested with neuraminidase. The affinity of native factor VIII/von Willebrand factor and its asialo form for the hepatic lectin that specifically binds asialoglycoproteins was assessed from in vitro binding experiments. Native factor VIII/von Willebrand factor exhibited negligible affinity while binding of the asialo derivative was comparable to that observed for asialo-alpha1-acid glycoprotein. Incubation of asialo-factor VIII/von Willebrand factor with Streptococcus pneumoniae beta-galactosidase removed only 62% of the galactose but abolished binding to the purified hepatic lectin. When the asialo derivative was incubated with purified beta-D-galactoside alpha2 leads to 6 sialyltransferase and CMP-[14C]NeuAc, only 61% of the galactose incorporated [14C]NeuAc. From the known specificites of these enzymes, it is concluded that galactose residues important in lectin binding are present in a terminal Gal/beta1 leads to 4GlcNAc sequence on asialo-factor VIII/von Willebrand factor. The relative ristocetin-induced platelet aggregating activity of native, asialo-, and agalacto-factor VIII/von Willebrand factor was 100:38:12, respectively, while procoagulant activity was 100:100:103.  (+info)

Stable thiobarbituric acid chromophore with dimethyl sulphoxide. Application to sialic acid assay in analytical de-O-acetylation. (4/2052)

With dimethyl sulphoxide instead of butanol in the thiobarbituric acid assay for sialic acid, a non-fading chromophore with lambdamax. = 549 nm was produced in a homogeneous solution, allowing dilution of the test mixture in case of high colour yield. This test adapted well to studies on alkaline de-O-acetylation. Bovine and rat submaxillary mucins, and rabbit Tamm-Horsfall urinary sialoproteins contain O-acetyl isomers of neuramine acid that are resistant to the thiobarbituric acid assay. Alkaline de-O-acetylation converted resistant O-acetylneuraminic acid into thiobarbituric acid-reactive sialic acid, and such conversion paralleled de-O-acetylation as measured by the ferric hydroxamate method. The colour increment was similar when the alkaline treatment of bovine submaxillary mucin either preceded or followed the acid hydrolysis. Only alkaline preptreatment was effective with rat submaxillary mucin. By selecting optimal conditions for alkaline de-O-acetylation, O-acetyl isomers can be accurately assessed by the thiobarbituric acid assay.  (+info)

Differential expression of alpha2-6 sialylated polylactosamine structures by human B and T cells. (5/2052)

We found that human peripheral B and T cells differed in the surface expression of alpha2-6 sialylated type 2 chain glycans. In contrast to B cells, T cells expressed only sialoglycans with repeated N-acetyllactosamine (Galss1-4GlcNAc) disaccharides. This finding was based on the specificity of the monoclonal antibodies HB6, HB9 (CD24), HD66 (CDw76), FB21, and CRIS4 (CDw76) with the alpha2-6 sialylated model gangliosides IV6NeuAcnLc4Cer (2-6 SPG), VI6NeuAcnLc6Cer (2-6 SnHC), VIII6NeuAcnLc8Cer (2-6 SnOC), and X6NeuAcnLc10Cer (2-6 SnDC). We found that, in addition to their common requirement of an alpha2-6 bound terminal sialic acid for binding, the antibodies displayed preferences for the length of the carbohydrate backbones. Some of them bound mainly to 2-6 SPG with one N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) unit (HB9, HD66); others preferentially to 2-6 SnHC and 2-6 SnOC, with two and three LacNAc units, respectively (HB6 and FB21); and one of them exclusively to very polar alpha2-6 sialylated type 2 chain antigens (CRIS4) such as to 2-6 SnOC and even more polar gangliosides with three and more LacNAc units. These specificities could be correlated with the cellular binding of the antibodies as follows: whereas all antibodies bound to human CD 19 positive peripheral B cells, their reactivity with CD3 positive T cells was either nearly lacking (HD66, HB9), intermediate (about 65%: HB6, FB21) or strongly positive (CRIS4, 95%). Thus, the binding of the antibodies to 2-6 sialylated glycans with multiple lactosamine units appeared to determine their binding to T-cells.  (+info)

Amino acid substitutions in a conserved region in the stalk of the Newcastle disease virus HN glycoprotein spike impair its neuraminidase activity in the globular domain. (6/2052)

The ectodomain of the paramyxovirus haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) glycoprotein spike can be divided into two regions: a membrane-proximal, stalk-like structure and a terminal globular domain. The latter contains all the antibody recognition sites of the protein, as well as its receptor recognition and neuraminidase (NA) active sites. These two activities of the protein can be separated by monoclonal antibody functional inhibition studies and mutations in the globular domain. Herein, we show that mutation of several conserved residues in the stalk of the Newcastle disease virus HN protein markedly decrease its NA activity without a significant effect on receptor recognition. Thus, mutations in the stalk, distant from the NA active site in the globular domain, can also separate attachment and NA. These results add to an increasing body of evidence that the NA activity of this protein is dependent on an intact stalk structure.  (+info)

Regulation of capsular polysialic acid biosynthesis by temperature in Pasteurella haemolytica A2. (7/2052)

The capsular polysaccharide of Pasteurella haemolytica A2 consists of a linear polymer of N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) with alpha(2-8) linkages. The production of this polymer is strictly regulated by the growth temperature and above 40 degrees C no production is detected. Analysis of the enzymatic activities directly involved in its biosynthesis reveals that Neu5Ac lyase, CMP-Neu5Ac synthetase and polysialyltransferase are involved in this regulation. Very low activities were found in P. haemolytica grown at 43 degrees C (at least 25 times lower than those observed when the growth temperature was 37 degrees C). The synthesis of these enzymes increased rapidly when bacteria grown at 43 degrees C were transferred to 37 degrees C and decreased dramatically when cells grown at 37 degrees C were transferred to 43 degrees C. These findings indicate that the cellular growth temperature regulates the synthesis of these enzymes and hence the concentration of the intermediates necessary for capsular polysaccharide genesis in P. haemolytica A2.  (+info)

Free sialic acid levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with meningitis. (8/2052)

The free and bound sialic acid content of cerebrospinal fluid from patients with positive evidence (by CSF culture) of pyogenic and tuberculous meningitis was determined. The free sialic acid content was significantly raised only in cases of pyogenic meningitis, but not in tuberculous or other types of the disease.  (+info)

An IgG monoclonal antibody to group B meningococci cross-reacts with developmentally regulated polysialic acid units of...An IgG monoclonal antibody to group B meningococci cross-reacts with developmentally regulated polysialic acid units of...
The structurally similar polysialic acid capsules of group B meningococci and Escherichia coli K1 are poor immunogens, and attempts are currently being made to improve their immunogenicity by chemical modifications. An IgG monoclonal antibody to these polysialic acid capsules was used for the study of the presence of structurally similar components in tissue glycoproteins to investigate the reasons for the poor immunogenicity and to evaluate potential dangers in active or passive immunization. By immunoblotting polysialic acid was detected outside the brain in newborn rat kidney, heart, and muscle. It appeared in immunoblots as one component and with similar mobility to the neural cell adhesion molecule N-CAM. Specificity studies of the antibody and endosialidase treatment showed that the polysialic acid glycans detected were composed of chains as long as eight sialic acid residues or more. The polysialic acid was not detected in the corresponding tissues of the adult animal. These results ...
A sub-population of keratan sulphates derived from bovine articular cartilage is capped with α(2-6)-linked N-acetylneuraminic...A sub-population of keratan sulphates derived from bovine articular cartilage is capped with α(2-6)-linked N-acetylneuraminic...
Alkaline borohydride-reduced keratan sulphate (KS) chains derived from bovine femoral head cartilage were fractionated by lectin affinity chromatography with Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) into binding and non-binding populations. Analysis of the SNA-binding and non-binding KS chains using 600 MHz 1H n.m.r. spectroscopy showed that the former population contained alpha(2-6)-N-acetylneuraminic acid residues and the latter contained primarily alpha(2-3)-N-acetylneuraminic acid residues as chain terminators. Both populations contained a similar proportion of alpha(2-3)-N-acetylneuraminic acid residues within their protein-linkage regions, and similar sulphation and fucosylation levels. Analysis of these two fractions by gel-permeation chromatography (g.p.c.) on a TSK-30 XL column showed them to have the same size distributions. It was concluded from the n.m.r. spectra and g.p.c. data that the populations differed primarily in the mode of linkage of the chain-terminating sialic acids. ...
Total Synthesis of Legionaminic Acid as Basis for Serological Studies - Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and...Total Synthesis of Legionaminic Acid as Basis for Serological Studies - Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and...
Matthies S, Stallforth P, Seeberger PH (2015) Total Synthesis of Legionaminic Acid as Basis for Serological Studies J Am Chem Soc 137, 2848-2851. ...
Adenovirus type 37 binds to cell surface sialic acid through a charge-dependent interactionAdenovirus type 37 binds to cell surface sialic acid through a charge-dependent interaction
Most adenoviruses use the coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR) as a major cellular receptor. We have shown recently that adenovirus types 8, 19a, and 37, which are the major causes of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, use sialic acid rather than CAR as a major cellular receptor. The predicted isoelectric point of the receptor-interacting knob domain in the adenovirus fiber protein is unusually high (9.0-9.1) in type 8, 19a, and 37. The pKa of sialic acid is low, 2.6, implying a possible involvement of charge in fiber knob-sialic acid interactions. Here we show that (i) positively charged adenovirus knobs require sialic acid for efficient cell membrane interactions; (ii) viral and knob interactions with immobilized sialic acid or cell-surface sialic acid are sensitive to increased ionic strength; (iii) negatively charged molecules such as sulfated glycosaminoglycans inhibit the binding of virions to target cells in a nonspecific, charge-dependent manner; and that (iv) the ability of adenovirus knobs ...
A sub-population of keratan sulphates derived from bovine articular cartilage is capped with alpha(2-6)-linked N...A sub-population of keratan sulphates derived from bovine articular cartilage is capped with alpha(2-6)-linked N...
Alkaline borohydride-reduced keratan sulphate (KS) chains derived from bovine femoral head cartilage were fractionated by lectin affinity chromatography with Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) into binding and non-binding populations. Analysis of the SNA-binding and non-binding KS chains using 600 MHz 1H n.m.r. spectroscopy showed that the former population contained alpha(2-6)-N-acetylneuraminic acid residues and the latter contained primarily alpha(2-3)-N-acetylneuraminic acid residues as chain terminators. Both populations contained a similar proportion of alpha(2-3)-N-acetylneuraminic acid residues within their protein-linkage regions, and similar sulphation and fucosylation levels. Analysis of these two fractions by gel-permeation chromatography (g.p.c.) on a TSK-30 XL column showed them to have the same size distributions. It was concluded from the n.m.r. spectra and g.p.c. data that the populations differed primarily in the mode of linkage of the chain-terminating sialic acids.. ...
Decreased surface sialic acid content is a sensitive indicator of muscle damage - Iwata - 2013 - Muscle & Nerve - Wiley Online...Decreased surface sialic acid content is a sensitive indicator of muscle damage - Iwata - 2013 - Muscle & Nerve - Wiley Online...
Iwata, Y., Suzuki, O. and Wakabayashi, S. (2013), Decreased surface sialic acid content is a sensitive indicator of muscle damage. Muscle Nerve, 47: 372-378. doi: 10.1002/mus.23632 ...
Frontiers | Impact of structural aberrancy of polysialic acid and its synthetic enzyme ST8SIA2 in schizophrenia | Frontiers in...Frontiers | Impact of structural aberrancy of polysialic acid and its synthetic enzyme ST8SIA2 in schizophrenia | Frontiers in...
Psychiatric disorders are a group of human diseases that impair higher cognitive functions. Whole-genomic analyses have recently identified susceptibility genes for several psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. Among the genes reported to be involved in psychiatric disorders, a gene encoding a polysialyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of polysialic acid (polySia or PSA) on cell surfaces has attracted attention for its potential role in emotion, learning, memory, circadian rhythm, and behaviors. PolySia is a unique polymer that spatio-temporally modifies neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and is predominantly found in embryonic brains, although it persists in areas of the adult brain where neural plasticity, remodeling of neural connections, or neural generation is ongoing, such as the hippocampus, subventricular zone, thalamus, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala. PolySia is thought to be involved in the regulation of cell-cell interactions; however, recent evidence suggests that it is
Sialic Acids Sweeten a Tumors Life | Cancer ResearchSialic Acids Sweeten a Tumor's Life | Cancer Research
Tumor cells of various origins feature increased expression of sialic acid sugars on membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids and their secretion into the tumor microenvironment. Sialic acids are synthesized in and expressed by essentially every vertebrate cell, and are involved in multiple different physiologic processes. However, hypersialylation of tumor cells relative to their untransformed normal counter parts specifically benefits tumor cell growth and correlates with a poor prognosis for patients with cancer (1, 2). Sialic acids comprise a family of more than 50 carbohydrates that share a nine-carbon backbone (C1-9) to which specific chemical modifications are enzymatically attached inside the cell. The most common sialic acid derivate found in mammals is N-Acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) which bears an acetyl group on the fifth carbon atom (C5). In general, sialic acids terminate the outer end of glycans (sialoglycans), where they are enzymatically linked to other carbohydrates, such as the ...
N-Acetyl-Neuraminic Acid | C11H19NO9 - PubChemN-Acetyl-Neuraminic Acid | C11H19NO9 - PubChem
N-Acetyl-Neuraminic Acid | C11H19NO9 | CID 439197 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more.
Polysialic Acid, a Glycan with Highly Restricted Expression, Is Found on Human and Murine Leukocytes and Modulates Immune...Polysialic Acid, a Glycan with Highly Restricted Expression, Is Found on Human and Murine Leukocytes and Modulates Immune...
PolySia expression and function have been extensively studied in the nervous system, but the distribution and role of polySia in the immune compartment is still undefined. Herein we demonstrated the presence of polySia on human NK cells and its absence on other immune subsets, a finding that is in accord with two earlier reports (26, 27). NK cells up-regulated the expression of polySia and its scaffold NCAM upon activation by IL-2 treatment. This coregulation suggested that the heightened polySia signals were due to an up-regulation of both scaffold and glycan, rather than solely attributable to expanded polySia chain length. In support of this conclusion, a comparison of DP on resting and activated cells showed that upon activation total polySia was increased and the DP became more homogenous, tending toward small- to medium-length chains. To our knowledge, this is the first elucidation of polySia DP on primary human cells. The DP values we observed were slightly larger than analogous ...
Neuraminidase-dependent degradation of polysialic acid is required for the lamination of newly generated neurons<...Neuraminidase-dependent degradation of polysialic acid is required for the lamination of newly generated neurons<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Neuraminidase-dependent degradation of polysialic acid is required for the lamination of newly generated neurons. AU - Sajo, Mari. AU - Sugiyama, Hiroki. AU - Yamamoto, Hideaki. AU - Tanii, Takashi. AU - Matsuki, Norio. AU - Ikegaya, Yuji. AU - Koyama, Ryuta. PY - 2016/1/5. Y1 - 2016/1/5. N2 - Hippocampal granule cells (GCs) are generated throughout the lifetime and are properly incorporated into the innermost region of the granule cell layer (GCL). Hypotheses for the well-regulated lamination of newly generated GCs suggest that polysialic acid (PSA) is present on the GC surface to modulate GC-to-GC interactions, regulating the process of GC migration; however, direct evidence of this involvement is lacking. We show that PSA facilitates the migration of newly generated GCs and that the activity of N-acetyl-α-neuraminidase 1 (NEU1, sialidase 1) cleaves PSA from immature GCs, terminating their migration in the innermost GCL. Developing a migration assay of immature GCs in vitro, ...
Polysialic acid blocks mononuclear phagocyte reactivity, inhibits complement activation, and protects from vascular damage in...Polysialic acid blocks mononuclear phagocyte reactivity, inhibits complement activation, and protects from vascular damage in...
In line with our recent studies, demonstrating that interaction between sialic acid residues and SIGLEC11 contributes to decreased inflammation and neurotoxicity in vitro (Wang & Neumann, 2010; Shahraz et al, 2015), we now provide further insights into the in vivo effects of polysialic acid. SIGLEC11 and oligoSia and polySia were detected in the neuroretina of human post‐mortem donors. In comparison with the human retina, the murine retina showed a more speckled and more even distribution of sialic acids as reported before for rodent retinas (Bartsch et al, 1990; Sawaguchi et al, 1999).. We carefully assessed the immunomodulatory potential of polySia avDP20 in the laser coagulation mouse model in humanized transgenic mice expressing SIGLEC11 on microglia and tissue macrophages. Laser coagulation damage induces AMD‐relevant pathomechanisms including choroidal neovascularization preceded by Iba1‐positive cell accumulation at the RPE/choroid (Eter et al, 2008; Liu et al, 2013; Lückoff et al, ...
NA - Neuraminidase - Influenza A virus (A/swine/Missouri/2124514/2006(H2N3)) - NA gene & proteinNA - Neuraminidase - Influenza A virus (A/swine/Missouri/2124514/2006(H2N3)) - NA gene & protein
Catalyzes the removal of terminal sialic acid residues from viral and cellular glycoconjugates. Cleaves off the terminal sialic acids on the glycosylated HA during virus budding to facilitate virus release. Additionally helps virus spread through the circulation by further removing sialic acids from the cell surface. These cleavages prevent self-aggregation and ensure the efficient spread of the progeny virus from cell to cell. Otherwise, infection would be limited to one round of replication. Described as a receptor-destroying enzyme because it cleaves a terminal sialic acid from the cellular receptors. May facilitate viral invasion of the upper airways by cleaving the sialic acid moities on the mucin of the airway epithelial cells. Likely to plays a role in the budding process through its association with lipid rafts during intracellular transport. May additionally display a raft-association independent effect on budding. Plays a role in the determination of host range restriction on replication and
Using sialic acid analogues to define the molecular basis of complement resistance mediated by sialylation of neisseria...Using sialic acid analogues to define the molecular basis of complement resistance mediated by sialylation of neisseria...
Using sialic acid analogues to define the molecular basis of complement resistance mediated by sialylation of neisseria gonorrhoeae lipopolysaccharide and to design novel therapeutics
Identification of amino acid residues at the active site of endosialidase that dissociate the polysialic acid binding and...Identification of amino acid residues at the active site of endosialidase that dissociate the polysialic acid binding and...
Endosialidase (endo-N-acetylneuraminidase) is a tailspike enzyme of bacteriophages specific for human pathogenic Escherichia coli K1, which specifically recognizes and degrades polySia (polysialic acid). polySia is also a polysaccharide of the capsules of other meningitis- and sepsis-causing bacteria, and a post-translational modification of the NCAM (neural cell-adhesion molecule). We have cloned and sequenced three spontaneously mutated endosialidases of the PK1A bacteriophage and one of the PK1E bacteriophage which display lost or residual enzyme activity but retain the binding activity to polySia. Single to triple amino acid substitutions were identified, and back-mutation constructs indicated that single substitutions accounted for only partial reduction of enzymic activity. A homology-based structural model of endosialidase revealed that all substituted amino acid residues localize to the active site of the enzyme. The results reveal the importance of non-catalytic amino acid residues for ...
Distribution of O-Acetylated Sialic Acids among Target Host Tissues for Influenza Virus | mSphereDistribution of O-Acetylated Sialic Acids among Target Host Tissues for Influenza Virus | mSphere
All cells are decorated on their surfaces with a complex array of oligosaccharides (glycans) that are attached to membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids or which make up the different components of soluble extracellular materials such as mucus and which are involved in the initial interactions of viruses or other pathogens with cells or mucosal surfaces (1). The chemical diversity of these glycans contributes to their complex functional roles in controlling cell-cell, cell-pathogen, and cell-environment interactions. Linear and branched glycoconjugates of vertebrate cells are often terminated in sialic acids (Sias). Sias have critical roles in maintaining a variety of cell functions due to their abundance as exposed terminal sugars, where they are involved in highly specific and regulated cellular lectin interactions (2, 3). They have also been exploited by many different pathogens as well as by nonpathogenic microbes for host recognition and attachment, including playing a role as receptors for ...
Sialic Acid Analysis | Life Sciences | SGSSialic Acid Analysis | Life Sciences | SGS
Sialic Acid Analysis from SGS - a powerful technique to help you identify and quantify sialic acid species in your biopharmaceutical product.
CATH Domain 2ya5B01CATH Domain 2ya5B01
Hydrolysis of alpha-(2->3)-, alpha-(2->6)-, alpha-(2->8)- glycosidic linkages of terminal sialic acid residues in oligosaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, colominic acid and synthetic substrates ...
NEW PSA on hormone therapy - Prostate Cancer - HealingWell.com ForumNEW PSA on hormone therapy - Prostate Cancer - HealingWell.com Forum
Thanks everyone, so glad I come here. I will tell him about the lupron shot. My Uncle does not complain but we know he is very tired and he is losing the strength in his arms (he is a commercial builder). The doctor asked him if he was reading the Snuffy Myers book when he asked about Intermittent. I told him he is going to have to wait until he can approach that question again.. ...
ScamVictimsUnited.com • View topic - Looking for victims willing to be interviewedScamVictimsUnited.com • View topic - Looking for victims willing to be interviewed
I received and email from someone that is putting together a PSA on scams and is looking for scam victims to interview. If you fit the following criteria, please contact me so I can get you in touch with her as soon as possible ...
INT326367 - wiki-painINT326367 - wiki-pain
In previous studies, we have shown that the highly sialylated renal anti-adhesin Podocalyxin (PC) is expressed in the developing brain [13], [14 ...
Polysialic acid-neural cell adhesion molecule in brain plasticity: from synapses to integration of new neurons. | Center for...Polysialic acid-neural cell adhesion molecule in brain plasticity: from synapses to integration of new neurons. | Center for...
Abstract: Isoforms of the neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) carrying the linear homopolymer of alpha 2,8-linked sialic acid (polysialic acid, PSA) have emerged as particularly attractive candidates for promoting plasticity in the nervous system. The large negatively charged PSA chain of NCAM is postulated to be a spacer that reduces adhesion forces between cells allowing dynamic changes in membrane contacts. Accumulating evidence also suggests that PSA-NCAM-mediated interactions lead to activation of intracellular signaling cascades that are fundamental to the biological functions of the molecule. An important role of PSA-NCAM appears to be during development, when its expression level is high and where it contributes to the regulation of cell shape, growth or migration. However, PSA-NCAM does persist in adult brain structures such as the hippocampus that display a high degree of plasticity where it is involved in activity-induced synaptic plasticity. Recent advances in the field of ...
Elevated Serum Sialic Acid Concentration in NIDDM and Its Relationship to Blood Pressure and Retinopathy | Diabetes CareElevated Serum Sialic Acid Concentration in NIDDM and Its Relationship to Blood Pressure and Retinopathy | Diabetes Care
Objective- In view of the possible link between serum sialic acid and cardiovascular disease in the general population, we investigated whether serum total and lipid-associated sialic concentrations are elevated in NIDDM patients compared with normal subjects. We also investigated how sialic acid levels relate to glycemic control, blood pressure, microalbuminuria, retinopathy, and serum lipid levels.. Research Design and Methods- We selected 20 NIDDM patients at random and matched them for age and sex with 20 normal subjects. The patients also had a similar BMI as the control subjects. A first morning blood sample was taken for sialic acid, glucose, fructosamine, and lipid analysis, as was a first morning urine sample for assessment of microalbuminuria. Retinopathy was assessed by fundoscopy.. Results- Both total and lipid-associated sialic acid levels were elevated in the NIDDM patients compared with control subjects (mean ± SD, total: 0.74 ± 0.11 vs. 0.60 ± 0.22 g/L, P , 0.02; ...
1991 - Serum sialic acid predicts cardiovascular mortality | 1991 May-Jun : Volume 114, Number 3, Page 91 | ACP Journal Club...1991 - Serum sialic acid predicts cardiovascular mortality | 1991 May-Jun : Volume 114, Number 3, Page 91 | ACP Journal Club...
Lindberg and colleagues report on a fascinating observation that serum sialic acid level predicts cardiovascular (and noncardiovascular) mortality. The studys classical design of measuring a factor and relating it to subsequent mortality was greatly strengthened by its large community-based sample. However, this study raises several concerns. First, it is unclear whether any hypothesis about sialic acid had been set out by the investigators 20 years ago or whether this was part of the series of protein measurements that was done without a particular hypothesis. Second, because the measurement of sialic acid was done in the 1960s, another sialated protein may have been measured. Third, many more risk factors for coronary disease are known now than were known 20 years ago; for example, the only lipid measured in that study was total cholesterol. Thus, the relation of other lipids and lipoproteins to sialic acid could not be determined. Also, no data on cigarette smoking were provided. Fourth, ...
Removal of sialic acid from cardiac sarcolemma does not affect contractile function in electrically stimulated guinea pig left...Removal of sialic acid from cardiac sarcolemma does not affect contractile function in electrically stimulated guinea pig left...
Calcium is essential for the maintenance of contraction in the heart, and it has been suggested that the glycoprotein matrix on the external surface of cardiac cells is a critical factor in the supply of activator calcium to the beating heart. Sialic acid residues are important calcium-binding sites in the matrix and treatment with neuraminidase, an enzyme which cleaves sialic acid from oligosaccharide chains, has been reported to abolish spontaneous contraction in cultured heart cells, without causing general breakdown in the plasma membrane. However, we report here that in intact, electrically stimulated guinea pig atrial preparations, neuraminidase treatment produces no significant changes in resting tension or force of contraction. It is also without effect on the response to calcium removal and replacement, and inotropic or toxic concentrations of cardiac glycosides. In these experiments, up to 79% of the total tissue sialic acid was removed, and electron microscopy studies showed that this
Localization of the putative sialic acid-binding site on the immunoglobulin superfamily cell-surface molecule CD22. - Oxford...Localization of the putative sialic acid-binding site on the immunoglobulin superfamily cell-surface molecule CD22. - Oxford...
B-lymphocyte antigen CD22 is a member of the recently described sialoadhesin family of immunoglobulin-like cell-surface glycoproteins that bind glycoconjugates terminating in sialic acid. One prominent ligand for CD22 is the highly glycosylated leukocyte surface protein CD45. Using surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, we characterized the interaction of recombinant mouse CD22 with native CD45 purified from rat thymus (CD45-thy). By in situ desialylation and resialylation of immobilized CD45-thy, we show that mouse CD22 binds to the sialoglycoconjugate NeuGc alpha 2-6Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc carried on CD45-thy N-glycans. Previous studies have shown that the sialic acid-binding site lies within the two membrane-distal domains of CD22 (domains 1 and 2), which are V-set and C2-set immunoglobulin superfamily domains, respectively. To further localize the binding site, we have made 42 single amino acid substitutions throughout both domains. All 12 mutations that abrogated binding to CD45-thy without disrupting
Polysialic acid transport protein elisa and antibodyPolysialic acid transport protein elisa and antibody
Shop Polysialic acid transport protein ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Polysialic acid transport protein Antibody at MyBioSource. Custom ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Antibody are available.
Sialic acid levels in the blood in pregnant women with impaired glucose tolerance test | AVESİSSialic acid levels in the blood in pregnant women with impaired glucose tolerance test | AVESİS
Purpose Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a metabolic disease characterized by the impairment of glucose tolerance during pregnancy. Sialic acid (SA) is a component of glycolipid and glycoproteins found in hormone and enzymes in serum and tissues and high serum SA levels are observed in diabetic patients. ...
Universitätsklinikum Halle(Saale): Project SP2Universitätsklinikum Halle(Saale): Project SP2
We have generated two transgenic mice strains (one is overexpressing the mutated key enzyme of the sialic acid biosynthesis, which leads to high sialic acid levels and one has a defect in the sialic acid biosynthesis). Both strains will be compared with wild-type animals. We plan to analyse O-GlcNAc, sialic acid, sialic acid binding proteins and sialic acid-dependent differentiation markers in all organs over the whole lifespan and quantify age-dependent muscle performance in vivo. The outcome of metabolic sialic acid engineering will be analysed in embryonic stem cells (differentiation) and neuronal cells (neurite outgrowth e.g. regeneration). We also plan to analyse the involvement of sialylation and O-GlcNAcylation on the function of endothelial cells. After metabolic engineering we will analyse their barrier capacity and age-related impact on neuronal cells by real-time cell analysis. Since high levels of glucose induce glycation of proteins, we will analyse the function of an artificial ...
Universitätsklinikum Halle(Saale): Project SP2Universitätsklinikum Halle(Saale): Project SP2
We have generated two transgenic mice strains (one is overexpressing the mutated key enzyme of the sialic acid biosynthesis, which leads to high sialic acid levels and one has a defect in the sialic acid biosynthesis). Both strains will be compared with wild-type animals. We plan to analyse O-GlcNAc, sialic acid, sialic acid binding proteins and sialic acid-dependent differentiation markers in all organs over the whole lifespan and quantify age-dependent muscle performance in vivo. The outcome of metabolic sialic acid engineering will be analysed in embryonic stem cells (differentiation) and neuronal cells (neurite outgrowth e.g. regeneration). We also plan to analyse the involvement of sialylation and O-GlcNAcylation on the function of endothelial cells. After metabolic engineering we will analyse their barrier capacity and age-related impact on neuronal cells by real-time cell analysis. Since high levels of glucose induce glycation of proteins, we will analyse the function of an artificial ...
Allomyrina dichotoma - EY Laboratories, Inc.Allomyrina dichotoma - EY Laboratories, Inc.
The hemolymph of the Japanese beetle, Allomyrina dichotoma, contains a lectin with a specificity for β-D-galactose 1 . This lectin, which can be purified by affinity and ion-exchange chromatography, is composed of two isolectins, Allo A-I and Allo A-II. The material provided by EY Laboratories is a mixture of the two isolectins, with Allo A-II being the predominant isolectin. Allo A is active between pH 5-9. Allo A has a greater binding affinity for β-D-galactose than RCA-I and it does not bind to α-D-galactose 2. Immobilized Allo A-II binds most strongly with α2,6 sialylated complex-type oligosaccharides, but free N-acetylneuraminic acid up to 2M does not displace such glycoconjugates, nor does α2,3-link sialic acid react with the lectin 3 . In spleen cell activation studies the Allo A lectin has been shown to be as mitogenic as Con A and more mitogenic than PHA-L. In the production of Interleukin-2 (Il-2), at a concentration of 0.5 µg/ml, Allo A had higher Il-2 units production than Con ...
Content 17-3Content 17-3
Variations of serum sialic acid level in liver cirrhosis. Saatea Arif, Najeeb-ul-Haq, Ruhila Hanif, A. Sattar Khan, Jamil-ur-Rehman, Taufeeq Ahmed Mufti. Comparison of students performance under composite scheme and split scheme of first professional MBBS. examination. Tehseen Iqbal, Naila Hamid, Hamid Javaid ...
Frontiers | Artemin and an Artemin-Derived Peptide, Artefin, Induce Neuronal Survival, and Differentiation Through Ret and NCAM...Frontiers | Artemin and an Artemin-Derived Peptide, Artefin, Induce Neuronal Survival, and Differentiation Through Ret and NCAM...
Artemin (ARTN) is a neurotrophic factor from the GDNF family ligands (GFLs) that is involved in development of the nervous system and neuronal differentiation and survival. ARTN signals through a complex receptor system consisting of the RET receptor tyrosine kinase and a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored co-receptor GFL receptor α, GFRα3. We found that ARTN binds directly to neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and that ARTN-induced neuritogenesis requires NCAM expression and activation of NCAM-associated signaling partners, thus corroborating that NCAM is an alternative receptor for ARTN. We designed a small peptide, artefin, that could interact with GFRα3 and demonstrated that this peptide agonist induces RET phosphorylation and mimics the biological functions of ARTN - neuroprotection and neurite outgrowth. Moreover, artefin mimicked the binding of ARTN to NCAM and required NCAM expression and activation for its neurite elongation effect, thereby suggesting that artefin represents a binding
Plus itPlus it
In human serum, at least two molecular species of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) with molecular weights of 110,000-130,000 and 150,000-180,000, respectively, can be identified by Western blotting. Both are characterized by the absence of epitopes for monoclonal antibodies KD11 and MG5, which specifically recognize intracellular domains of the human NCAM transmembrane isoforms, NCAM-140 and NCAM-180. In contrast to the Mr 110,000-130,000 molecule also detectable in serum samples from healthy blood donors, the Mr 150,000-180,000 molecule appears to be tumor associated. The only difference between these two species is shown to be the presence of long chains of α-(2,8)-linked N-acetylneuraminic acids, which are characteristic for the so-called embryonic NCAM form. After treatment with endoneuraminidase N, the Mr 150,000-180,000 molecule can no longer be discriminated from the Mr 110,000-130,000 molecule in Western blotting as well as gel and anion exchange chromatography experiments. The ...
Durchsuchen nach PersonenDurchsuchen nach Personen
Langley, K. und Gratzl, Manfred (1991): Neural Cells adhesion Molecule NCAM in neural and endocrine cells. In: Gratzl, Manfred und Langley, K. (Hrsg.): Markers for Neural and Endocrine Cells : molecular and cell biology, diagnostic applications. Winheim: Wiley-VCH Verlag. S. 133-178 [PDF, 6MB] ...
Publications of Faculty of Medicine: Significance Of Serum Lipid Peroxides, Total And Lipid-Bound Sialic Acid As Markers For...Publications of Faculty of Medicine: Significance Of Serum Lipid Peroxides, Total And Lipid-Bound Sialic Acid As Markers For...
Paper: Significance Of Serum Lipid Peroxides, Total And Lipid-Bound Sialic Acid As Markers For Liver Diseases , Author: Thanaa Hamed, Mahasen Abdel Sattar, Fauna Abd El- Salam*, Sherif Abou El Dahab**, and Amal Idris , Year: 2000 , Faculty of Medicine, Benha University
Sialic acid synthase elisa and antibodySialic acid synthase elisa and antibody
Shop Sialic acid synthase ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Sialic acid synthase Antibody at MyBioSource. Custom ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Antibody are available.
Most recent papers with the keyword Central nervous system recovery | Read by QxMDMost recent papers with the keyword Central nervous system recovery | Read by QxMD
Escherichia coli K1 strains are major causative agents of invasive disease of the new born. The age dependency of infection can be reproduced in the neonatal rat. Colonization of the small intestine following oral administration of K1 bacteria leads rapidly to invasion of the blood circulation; bacteria that avoid capture by the mesenteric lymphatic system and evade antibacterial mechanisms in the blood may disseminate to cause organ-specific infections such as meningitis. Some E. coli K1 surface constituents, in particular the polysialic acid capsule, are known to contribute to invasive potential but a comprehensive picture of the factors that determine the fully virulent phenotype has not so far emerged ...
Most recent papers with the keyword Neonatal diseases | Read by QxMDMost recent papers with the keyword Neonatal diseases | Read by QxMD
Escherichia coli K1 strains are major causative agents of invasive disease of the new born. The age dependency of infection can be reproduced in the neonatal rat. Colonization of the small intestine following oral administration of K1 bacteria leads rapidly to invasion of the blood circulation; bacteria that avoid capture by the mesenteric lymphatic system and evade antibacterial mechanisms in the blood may disseminate to cause organ-specific infections such as meningitis. Some E. coli K1 surface constituents, in particular the polysialic acid capsule, are known to contribute to invasive potential but a comprehensive picture of the factors that determine the fully virulent phenotype has not so far emerged ...
Sialic Acids as Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Disease | EUROCARB 2019Sialic Acids as Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Disease | EUROCARB 2019
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death for men and women worldwide, causing 3.9 million (45% of all deaths) each year in Europe alone [1]. CVD encompasses a wide array of diseases such as heart attack, stroke and coronary artery disease. Assessing CVD risk can be complex, due to the multitude of factors to consider. Taken together, these factors form risk assessments such as QRISK, giving a percentage chance of mortality in a given time frame [2]. While QRISK gives good insight into broad CVD risk factors, it may not be entirely accurate [3]. Therefore, biomarkers that could be used to improve the prediction of CVD mortality are of interest. These would not replace assessments such as QRISK but rather be used in conjunction for more accurate risk management. Sialic acid (Neu5Ac) has previously been identified as a biomarker for CVD [4]. Neu5Ac content can be affected by several other factors separate from CVD, as such five di-O-acetylated derivatives of Neu5Ac have been ...
Evolutionary gene mutation blamed for diabetes, obesity | EmaxHealthEvolutionary gene mutation blamed for diabetes, obesity | EmaxHealth
Diabetes is estimated to affect over 25 million individuals in the U.S., and 285 million people worldwide," said Jane J. Kim, M.D., a -participating researcher from the Department of Pediatrics at the University of California, San Diego in La Jolla, CA. "Our study for the first time links human-specific sialic acid changes to insulin and glucose metabolism and therefore opens up a new perspective in understanding the causes of diabetes.". The researchers studied two groups of mice that lacked CMAH. They found they could not produce a type of sialic acid called NeuSGc. The second group of mice were normal. When the mice were given a high fat diet, leading them to become obese. Only the mice lacking the ability to produce sialic acid on the cell surface from absence of NeuSGc developed impaired insulin production.. Gerald Weissmann, M.D., Editor-in-Chief of the FASEB Journal wonders if humans lack the CMAH enzyme for a reason related to survival. Perhaps it is a defense against bacteria or ...
Subject: sialic acids / Publication Year: 2017 - PubAg Search ResultsSubject: 'sialic acids' / Publication Year: 2017 - PubAg Search Results
In N-acetylneuraminic acid, apart from O9 and O8, a possible glycosylation site is the O4 position. For example, gangliosides HLG-2 and HPG-7 are considered to be potential lead compounds for carbohydrate-based drug development to treat neural disorders. However, the construction of their α(1 → 4) fucosyl sialic acid and α(2 → 4) linkages between sialic acids is difficult because of the regioselec ...
Sialoglycoproteins Summary Report | CureHunterSialoglycoproteins Summary Report | CureHunter
Sialoglycoproteins: Glycoproteins which contain sialic acid as one of their carbohydrates. They are often found on or in the cell or tissue membranes and participate in a variety of biological activities.
Alfa Aesar™ N-Acetyl-3,5-dinitro-L-tyrosine, 98% 250mg Alfa Aesar™ N-Acetyl-3,5-dinitro-L-tyrosine, 98%Alfa Aesar™ N-Acetyl-3,5-dinitro-L-tyrosine, 98% 250mg Alfa Aesar™ N-Acetyl-3,5-dinitro-L-tyrosine, 98%
Alfa Aesar™ N-Acetyl-3,5-dinitro-L-tyrosine, 98% 250mg Alfa Aesar™ N-Acetyl-3,5-dinitro-L-tyrosine, 98% Amino Acids
The genetically modified polysialylated form of neural cell adhesion molecule-positive cells for potential treatment of X...The genetically modified polysialylated form of neural cell adhesion molecule-positive cells for potential treatment of X...
TY - JOUR. T1 - The genetically modified polysialylated form of neural cell adhesion molecule-positive cells for potential treatment of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. AU - Jang, Jiho. AU - Kim, Han Soo. AU - Kang, Joon Won. AU - Kang, Hoon Chul. PY - 2013/1. Y1 - 2013/1. N2 - Purpose: Cell transplantation of myelin-producing exogenous cells is being extensively explored as a means of remyelinating axons in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. We determined whether 3,3,5-Triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) overexpresses the ABCD2 gene in the polysialylated (PSA) form of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)-positive cells and promotes cell proliferation and favors oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation. Materials and Methods: PSA-NCAM+ cells from newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were grown for five days on uncoated dishes in defined medium with or without supplementation of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and/or T3. Then, PSA-NCAM+ spheres were prepared in single cells and transferred to ...
Conversion of cellular sialic acid expression from N-acetyl- to N-glycolylneuraminic acid using a synthetic precursor, N...Conversion of cellular sialic acid expression from N-acetyl- to N-glycolylneuraminic acid using a synthetic precursor, N...
Sialic acids are prominent termini of mammalian glycoconjugates and are key binding determinants for cell-cell recog-nition lectins. Binding of the sialic acid-dependent lectin, myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), to nerve cells is implicated in the inhibition of nerve regeneration after injury. Therefore, blocking MAG binding to nerve cell sialoglycoconjugates might enhance nerve regeneration. Previously, we reported that certain sialoglycoconjugates bearing N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) but not N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) support MAG binding (Collins et al., 1997a). We now report highly efficient conversion of sialic acids on living neural cells from exclusively NeuAc to predominantly NeuGc using a novel synthetic metabolic precursor, N-glycolylmannosamine pentaacetate (Man-NGc-PA). When NG108-15 neuroblastoma-glioma hybrid cells, which normally express only NeuAc (and bind to MAG), were cultured in the presence of 1 mM ManNGcPA, they expressed 80-90% of their sialic acid precursor pool as
Multiple N-acetyl neuraminic acid synthetase (neuB) genes in Campylobacter jejuni: identification and characterization of the...Multiple N-acetyl neuraminic acid synthetase (neuB) genes in Campylobacter jejuni: identification and characterization of the...
Linton, D, Karlyshev, A V, Hitchen, P G, Morris, H R, Dell, A, Gregson, N A and Wren, B W (2000) Multiple N-acetyl neuraminic acid synthetase (neuB) genes in Campylobacter jejuni: identification and characterization of the gene involved in sialylation of lipo-oligosaccharide. Molecular microbiology, 35(5), pp. 1120-1134. ISSN (print) 0950-382X ...
Highly efficient chemoenzymatic synthesis of naturally occurring and non-natural α-2,6-linked sialosides: A P. damsela α-2,6-...Highly efficient chemoenzymatic synthesis of naturally occurring and non-natural α-2,6-linked sialosides: A P. damsela α-2,6-...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Highly efficient chemoenzymatic synthesis of naturally occurring and non-natural α-2,6-linked sialosides. T2 - A P. damsela α-2,6- sialyltransferase with extremely flexible donor-substrate specificity. AU - Yu, Hai. AU - Huang, Shengshu. AU - Chokhawala, Harshal. AU - Sun, Mingchi. AU - Zheng, Haojie. AU - Chen, Xi. PY - 2006/6/12. Y1 - 2006/6/12. N2 - (Chemical Equation Presented) Just relax: A one-pot, three-enzyme chemoenzymatic synthetic approach is highly efficient for obtaining complex sialosides that contain diverse naturally occurring sialic acid modifications. α-2,6-Linked sialosides containing twelve naturally occurring sialic acid forms and seven non-natural sialic acid forms have been obtained.. AB - (Chemical Equation Presented) Just relax: A one-pot, three-enzyme chemoenzymatic synthetic approach is highly efficient for obtaining complex sialosides that contain diverse naturally occurring sialic acid modifications. α-2,6-Linked sialosides containing twelve ...
The Relation between Serum Total Sialic Acid and the Presence of Metabolic Syndrome in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.The Relation between Serum Total Sialic Acid and the Presence of Metabolic Syndrome in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Abstract:Background: The metabolic syndrome comprises an array of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk; the clustering of CVD risk factors in the metabolic syndrome suggests a common underlying mechanism. Circulating serum sialic acid, an inflammatory marker has recently been shown to be a strong predictor of cardiovascular mortality, and obesity-related diseases. Objective: is to study the relationship between serum total sialic acid and metabolic variables in type 2 diabetes with and without metabolic syndrome.Subject and Methods: One hundred type 2 diabetic mellitus patients (52 of them had metabolic syndrome and 48 without it) were recruited from the National Diabetic Center, Al-Mustansiriya University during the period from June 2011 to January 2012. One hundred apparently healthy control matched for age and sex were participated in this study. Fasting venous blood samples were collected from all participants, the level of HbA1c was estimated by high performance liquid chromatography. Total ...
Production and characterisation of novel recombinant antibody fragments against sialic acid - DORAS - DCUProduction and characterisation of novel recombinant antibody fragments against sialic acid - DORAS - DCU
Sialic acids are a family of acidic monosaccharides that typically reside as terminal moieties on N- and O-linked glycans. These sugars are actively involved in a plethora of biological phenomena, ranging from cell-cell adhesion and recognition, intracellular signalling events, pathogen attack, viral infection and inflammatory disease. In addition, many cancer-related antigens contain terminal sialic acids or altered sialylation patterns. The identification of sialic acid-specific antibodies is important in the fields of basic research and diagnostics. Therefore the primary objective of this thesis was the generation and characterisation of recombinant antisialic acid antibodies.A single-chain antibody fragment (scFv) library was constructed from a chicken that was immunised with a novel synthetic sialic acid protein-conjugate (Neu5Gchumanserum albumin). The scFv library was biopanned using a second novel sialoneoglycoconjugate(Neu5Gc-bovine serum albumin). Anti-sialic scFvs were isolated ...
The Fiber Disease - Page 449 - Biology-OnlineThe Fiber Disease - Page 449 - Biology-Online
Sialoglycoproteins (SGs) have been shown to be important in the enhancement of sensitivity to sialic acid-specific toxin from E. histolytica (Feingold et al. 1984). This toxin is known to induce fluid secretion in ligated intestinal loops of indomethacin-pretreated rats. Since SGs serve as receptors for the E. histolytica toxin, the pathogenesis of amebiasis could be preceded by an initial unmasking event of surface sialic acid by the parasites sialidase, followed by attachment of the toxin. Feingold et al. (1985) reported the isolation of two cytotoxic factors from E. histolytica trophozoites, one of which is sensitive to sialic acid levels above 5 mg/ml. Our observation could imply that, when such a threshold level of free liberated by sialidase is attained, it triggers the expression of PSL to hydrolyse the sialic acid to pyruvate and N-acetyl mannosamine. This biochemical event may promote the interaction of cytopathic factors with the receptor. Moreover, when Neu5Ac2,3-lac was incubated ...
Biology-Online • View topic - The Fiber DiseaseBiology-Online • View topic - The Fiber Disease
Sialoglycoproteins (SGs) have been shown to be important in the enhancement of sensitivity to sialic acid-specific toxin from E. histolytica (Feingold et al. 1984). This toxin is known to induce fluid secretion in ligated intestinal loops of indomethacin-pretreated rats. Since SGs serve as receptors for the E. histolytica toxin, the pathogenesis of amebiasis could be preceded by an initial unmasking event of surface sialic acid by the parasites sialidase, followed by attachment of the toxin. Feingold et al. (1985) reported the isolation of two cytotoxic factors from E. histolytica trophozoites, one of which is sensitive to sialic acid levels above 5 mg/ml. Our observation could imply that, when such a threshold level of free liberated by sialidase is attained, it triggers the expression of PSL to hydrolyse the sialic acid to pyruvate and N-acetyl mannosamine. This biochemical event may promote the interaction of cytopathic factors with the receptor. Moreover, when Neu5Ac2,3-lac was incubated ...
Characterization and isolation of ductular cells coexpressing neural cell adhesion molecule and Bcl-2 from primary...Characterization and isolation of ductular cells coexpressing neural cell adhesion molecule and Bcl-2 from primary...
It has recently been shown that reactive bile ductules display neuroendocrine features, including immunoreactivity for the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). In this study we have compared the immunohistochemical expression of NCAM with that of HEA-125 (biliary specific) and LKM-1 (hepatocyte specific) and other markers relevant to morphogenesis (Bcl-2, EMA) and cell proliferation (Ki-67) in cryostat sections from different chronic liver diseases and from fetal livers at different gestational ages. In parallel, viable NCAM-positive ductular cells were purified from collagenase digests of cirrhotic livers by immunomagnetic separation and characterized by immunocytochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. We demonstrated that reactive ductules with atypical morphology coexpressed NCAM and Bcl-2 and were found mainly in congenital diseases associated with ductal plate malformation and in primary cholangiopathies. On the contrary, reactive ductules with typical morphology were negative for ...
TJH Atlas of HematologyTJH Atlas of Hematology
Sialic acid is a molecule which is responsible for the net negative surface charge of platelets. We investigated the effect of sialic acid on fresh and cryopreserved platelets. Platelet samples were obtained by platelet apheresis from 8 healthy donors. Platelet suspensions with different sialic acid concentrations (0, 1, 2 and 4 mg/mL) were studied for ADP and ristocetin induced platelet aggregation, basal and ADP induced P-selectin and glycoprotein- Ib/IX expression. Then platelet samples were cryopreserved in 5% DMSO with or without 4 mg/mL sialic acid. After thawing, P-selectin expression was compared with the control group. Six samples were also washed after thawing and P-selectin expression was again compared to unwashed samples. Sialic acid suppressed ADP induced platelet aggregation and P-selectin expression in a dose dependent manner. In cryopreserved samples, P-selectin expression of 4 mg/mL sialic acid containing group was found significantly higher than the control group (p, 0.001). ...
GANGLIOSIDES OF HUMAN MYELIN: SIALOSYLGALACTOSYLCERAMIDE (G<sub>7</sub>) AS A MAJOR...GANGLIOSIDES OF HUMAN MYELIN: SIALOSYLGALACTOSYLCERAMIDE (G<sub>7</sub>) AS A MAJOR...
TY - JOUR. T1 - GANGLIOSIDES OF HUMAN MYELIN. T2 - SIALOSYLGALACTOSYLCERAMIDE (G7) AS A MAJOR COMPONENT. AU - Ledeen, R. W.. AU - Yu, R. K.. AU - Eng, L. F.. PY - 1973/10. Y1 - 1973/10. N2 - Abstract- Gangliosides were isolated from purified human myelin in a yield of 62 μg of lipid‐bound sialic acid per 100 mg of dry myelin. Sialosylgalactosyl ceramide (G7) was found to be a major component of the ganglioside fraction, amounting to 15 per cent of the total sialic acid. It accounted for 10 per cent of lipid‐bound sialic acid in adult human white matter, making it the third most abundant ganglioside on a molar basis. These results were obtained with an improved method for isolating total gangliosides in high yield, by employing DEAE‐Sephadex column chromatography. Myelin from other mammalian species had considerably less G7, and there were also indications of maturational changes. Both 2‐hydroxy and unsubstituted fatty acids were components of the ceramide unit, in a ratio of 3:2, ...
Assessment of Serum Sialic Acid and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Receiving Anti-TNF-α and...Assessment of Serum Sialic Acid and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Receiving Anti-TNF-α and...
Increased risk for chronic comorbid disorders in patients with inflammatory arthritis: a population based study. Ursum, Jennie; Nielen, Mark M. J.; Twisk, Jos W. R.; Peters, Mike J. L.; Schellevis, François G.; Nurmohamed, Michael T.; Korevaar, Joke C. // BMC Family Practice;2013, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p199 Background: Studies determining the development of a wide variety of different comorbid disorders in inflammatory arthritis (IA) patients are scarce, however, this knowledge could be helpful in optimising preventive care in IA patients. The aim of this study is to establish the risk that new... ...
Histochemical and Biochemical Demonstration of Sialic Acid and Sulphate in Vesicles and Membranes Isolated from Nerve Endings...Histochemical and Biochemical Demonstration of Sialic Acid and Sulphate in Vesicles and Membranes Isolated from Nerve Endings...
The reaction of colloidal iron hydroxide (CIH) with acidic groups was applied for an ultra-structural study of the distribution of sulphuric acid monoesters and sialic acid in synaptic vesicles and external nerve ending membranes isolated from rat brain. At pH 1.7 CIH was precipitated as electron-dense granules with a uniform size of 6-7 nm specifically labelling the carboxyl group of sialic acid and the sulphate group of monoesters of sulphuric acid. The differentiation of these 2 groups was achieved by treatment with neuraminidase and methylation followed by saponification. After preincubation with neuraminidase, which released 90-100% of the sialic acid from the membranes of the synaptic vesicles and the nerve endings, the electron-dense deposits marked the reaction sites of sulphate with CIH. The sulphate groups which were present at a concentration of 2.3 and 2.2 µmol/mg protein for the synaptic vesicle and nerve ending membrane preparations, respectively, were rendered soluble as methyl ...
Identification of sialylated glycoproteins from metabolically oligosaccharide engineered pancreatic cells | Clinical Proteomics...Identification of sialylated glycoproteins from metabolically oligosaccharide engineered pancreatic cells | Clinical Proteomics...
In this study, we investigated the use of metabolic oligosaccharide engineering and bio-orthogonal ligation reactions combined with lectin microarray and mass spectrometry to analyze sialoglycoproteins in the SW1990 human pancreatic cancer line. Specifically, cells were treated with the azido N-acetylmannosamine analog, 1,3,4-Bu3ManNAz, to label sialoglycoproteins with azide-modified sialic acids. The metabolically labeled sialoglyproteins were then biotinylated via the Staudinger ligation, and sialoglycopeptides containing azido-sialic acid glycans were immobilized to a solid support. The peptides linked to metabolically labeled sialylated glycans were then released from sialoglycopeptides and analyzed by mass spectrometry; in parallel, the glycans from azido-sialoglycoproteins were characterized by lectin microarrays. This method identified 75 unique N-glycosite-containing peptides from 55 different metabolically labeled sialoglycoproteins of which 42 were previously linked to cancer in the literature
DissertationDissertation
The recent study follows the aim to develop a novel, biocompatible, and bioresorbable material for peripheral nerve tissue engineering based on polysialic acid (polySia), a homopolymer of alpha 2, 8-linked sialic acid residues. To reach this goal, at first protocols for efficient coating of cell culture surfaces with soluble polySia were established. In addition, primary cells of the central and peripheral nervous system such as neonatal and adult Schwann cells, neural progenitor cells, dorsal root ganglionic neurons and embryonic spinal motoneurons which are all possible candidates for reconstructive therapies were cultured on polySia substrates. Respective cell cultures were evaluated with regard to cell survival and cell proliferation. PolySia turned out to be stable under cell culture conditions. Induced degradation of PolySia and its degradation products had no negative effects on cell cultures. Furthermore, polySia used as a cell culture substrate revealed its compatibility for the chosen ...
EC 2.5.1.57EC 2.5.1.57
Accepted name: N-acylneuraminate-9-phosphate synthase. Reaction: phosphoenolpyruvate + N-acyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate + H2O = N-acylneuraminate 9-phosphate + phosphate. For diagram of reaction click here and mechanism click here.. Other name(s): N-acetylneuraminate 9-phosphate lyase; N-acetylneuraminate 9-phosphate sialic acid 9-phosphate synthase; N-acetylneuraminate 9-phosphate synthetase; N-acylneuraminate-9-phosphate pyruvate-lyase (pyruvate-phosphorylating); sialic acid 9-phosphate synthetase. Systematic name: phosphoenolpyruvate:N-acyl-D-mannosamine-6-phosphate 1-(2-carboxy-2-oxoethyl)transferase. Comments: Acts on N-glycoloyl and N-acetyl-derivatives.. Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9031-58-7. References:. 1. Roseman, S., Jourdian, G.W., Watson, D. and Rood, R. Enzymatic synthesis of sialic acid 9-phosphates. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 47 (1961) 958-961.. 2. Watson, D.R., Jourdian, G.W. and Roseman, S. The sialic acids. 8. Sialic acid ...
Difference between revisions of Orthomyxoviridae - microbewikiDifference between revisions of "Orthomyxoviridae" - microbewiki
Influenza virus is transmitted from person to person primarily in droplets released by sneezing and coughing. Some of the inhaled virus lands in the lower respiratory tract, and the primary site of the disease is the tracheobronchial tree, although the nasopharynx is also involved. The neuraminidase of the viral envelope may act on the N-acetylneuraminic acid residues in mucus to produce liquefaction. This liquified mucus may help spread the virus through the respiratory tract in concert with the mucociliary transport. The superficial mucosa suffers cellular destrcution and desquamation because of the infection of the mucosal cells. Nonproductive cough, sore throat and nasal discharge are some sysmptoms that result from the endema and mononuclear cell infiltration of the involved areas. The cough may be persistent but the most prominent symptoms of influenza are systemic-- fever, muscle aches and general prostration. These systemic symptoms are not caused directly by the virus because viremia is ...
Determination of cytokine regulated glycan expression by using molecularly imprinted polymers targeting sialic acid<...Determination of cytokine regulated glycan expression by using molecularly imprinted polymers targeting sialic acid<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Determination of cytokine regulated glycan expression by using molecularly imprinted polymers targeting sialic acid. AU - Shinde, Sudhirkumar. AU - El-Schich, Zahra PY - 2019/7/11. Y1 - 2019/7/11. N2 - Cancer cells often have an increased amount of glycans, such as sialic acid (SA), on the cell surface, which normallyplay an important role in cell growth, proliferation and differentiation. In this study, SA expression is determinedby fluorescent nanoprobes, molecularly imprinted polymers, SA-MIPs. The nanoprobes are synthesized with animprinting approach to produce tailor-made fluorescent core-shell particles with high affinity for cell surface SA.Inflammation and cytokine production are well known tumor promoters, modulating the cellular microenvironment,including an aberrant cell surface glycan pattern. The recombinant cytokines IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 and a cocktail ofcytokines collected from stimulated T leukemia Jurkat cells were used to induce in vitro inflammation in two ...
Biological Roles of Sialic Acid by R. W. Ledeen, R. K. Yu (auth.), Abraham Rosenberg, - SHANNONWOODWARD.COM BooksBiological Roles of Sialic Acid by R. W. Ledeen, R. K. Yu (auth.), Abraham Rosenberg, - SHANNONWOODWARD.COM Books
W. Ledeen and R. K. ~ H-(-OAc I H-(-OAc I (H20Ac I Ph 3 == P-(-O(2 HS 00 XLVII y XLVIII I H-(-OH I AcNH-(-H I HO-(-H I H-(-OH I H-(-OH I (H20H HO-(-(OOH I (H2 I H-(-OH (HO I H-(-OAc I AcNH-(-H I AcO-(-H I H-(-OAc I H-(-OAc I (H 2 0Ac XLVI I AcNH-(-H I O-(-H I H-(-OH I H-(-OH I (H20H IX FIGURE 13. Sialic acid synthesis by the procedure of Mirzayanova et al. (1970). , 1957), resorcinol (Svennerholm, 1957b), dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (Werner and Odin, 1952), and thiobarbituric acid (Warren, 1959; Aminoff, 1959), but only a few of these are still in use. Although the various anomeric pairs could be differentiated by physical and enzymatic means, the precise structures remained uncertain until it was established that these reactions followed III HO, /H XXVIII OR /C:CC~n--r COOR HOCH2~ AcNH OH XXIX FIGURE 9. HO~~(COOH HOCH2 H,C-- OH AcNH 0 OR OH XXX General procedures for synthesis of l3-ketosides (XXIX) and a-ketosides (XXX) of sialic acids. Ketoside group Methyl Methyl Methyl Methyl n-Amyl n-Amyl ...
ES2687648T3 - Compositions and formulation methods for enteral formulas containing sialic acid - Google PatentsES2687648T3 - Compositions and formulation methods for enteral formulas containing sialic acid - Google Patents
A nutritionally complete formula for infants comprising cGMP and a total protein content of between 12 and 16 grams / liter, of which no more than 40% by weight is provided by a cGMP having an enhanced concentration of sialic acid, in the that the concentration of sGalic acid of the cGMP is above about 60 mg of sialic acid per gram.
The apicomplexan reproduces in the intestinal epithelial cells of several mammalian | Small molecule inhibitors of HCV...The apicomplexan reproduces in the intestinal epithelial cells of several mammalian | Small molecule inhibitors of HCV...
The apicomplexan reproduces in the intestinal epithelial cells of several mammalian species and can be an agent from the important diarrheal disease cryptosporidiosis. the amount of excystation in the current presence of enterocytes reduced after treatment with either sialidase/neuraminidase to deplete surface terminal sialic acid or with lectins that specifically bind to sialic acid. Furthermore, the addition of sialic acid to oocysts in the absence of cells improved the level of excystation. These results suggest that sialic acid on the surface of enterocytes may provide an important local transmission for the excystation of sporozoites. is definitely a monoxenous parasite that develops in epithelial cells of a variety of sponsor types, including mammals, parrots, reptiles, and fish (16). Some cryptosporidia of mammals, e.g., is able to infect many sponsor species, including cattle and humans, and is an important zoonotic pathogen (14, 16). Illness with may take place at numerous mucosal ...
spreadspread
The influenza virus particle is made up of the viral RNA genome wrapped in a lipid membrane (illustrated). The membrane, or envelope, contains three different kinds of viral proteins. The hemagglutinin molecule (HA, blue) attaches to cell receptors and initiates the process of virus entry into cells. I have written about the HA and its function during infection (article one and two) but not about the neuraminidase (NA, red) or M2 (purple) proteins. Lets first tackle NA.. An important function of the NA protein is to remove sialic acid from glycoproteins. Sialic acid is present on many cell surface proteins as well as on the viral glycoproteins; it is the cell receptor to which influenza virus attaches via the HA protein. The sialic acids on the HA and NA are removed as the proteins move to the cell surface through the secretory pathway. Newly released virus particles can still potentially aggregate by binding of an HA to sialic acid present on the cell surface. Years ago Peter Palese showed ...
Optimal conditions for the assay of fibroblast neuraminidase with different natural substrates<...Optimal conditions for the assay of fibroblast neuraminidase with different natural substrates<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Optimal conditions for the assay of fibroblast neuraminidase with different natural substrates. AU - Caimi, L.. AU - Lombardo, A.. AU - Preti, A.. AU - Wiesmann, U.. AU - Tettamanti, G.. PY - 1979/11/9. Y1 - 1979/11/9. N2 - A method for the assay of neuraminidase in human cultured fibroblasts has been worked out. The substrates, all naturally occurring, were: sialyloligosaccharides (α(2 → 3)sialyllactose, α(2 → 6)sialyllactose, disialyllactose), sialylglycolipids (disialogangliosides GD1a and GD1b), sialylglycoproteins and sialylglycopeptides (ovine submaxillary glycoprotein and its pronase-glycopeptides). The method was based on the determination of the enzymically liberated N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) by a chromatographic-colorimetric microprocedure. The enzyme acted on sialyloligosaccharides and, in the presence of Triton X-100, on gangliosides, while it did not appreciably affect sialylglycoproteins and sialylglycopeptides. The optimum pH was 4.0 for all tested ...
Javier G. Magadán, Ph.D. | The Pew Charitable TrustsJavier G. Magadán, Ph.D. | The Pew Charitable Trusts
Influenza A virus (IAV) targets the ciliated epithelium of conducting airways through interaction of the viral envelope protein hemagglutinin (HA) with cell surface glycoproteins or glycolipids containing terminal sialic acid residues. Following IAV internalization by endocytosis, HA leads to fusion of the viral and cellular membranes by virtue of irreversible conformational changes into the HA molecule triggered by the mildly acidic pH within the virion-containing endosome, allowing the viral RNA genome to get inside the cytoplasm and thus instruct the cell to make new viral particles. The HA spike on the viral envelope is a homotrimeric type I integral membrane glycoprotein, where each of the mature monomers results from extensive post-translational modifications (i.e. trimming of N-linked carbohydrate chains, terminal glycosylation, sulfation, fatty acylation) during transport en route from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane. Although current IAV vaccination programs in humans ...
Indian Patents. 236017:OLIGOMERS AND CONTAINING N-ACETYL GLUCOSAMINEIndian Patents. 236017:OLIGOMERS AND CONTAINING N-ACETYL GLUCOSAMINE
Sigel et al.(J. Am. Chern. Soc., 118(16), 3789-3800,1996) reported the efficacy of polymers containing sialoside groups in inhibiting the adhesion of influenza virus to, erythrocytes. They delineated the contributions of enhanced substrate ligand binding and steric considerations to efficiency of inhibition. These investigators reported sialic acid ligands, which can be exploited for the inhibition of the influenza virus. Monomeric inhibitor requires a higher concentration for inhibition since they are required to occupy at least half of the sialic acid binding sites on the virus, whereas the high molecular weight inhibitors need only a few attachments to achieve the same. Dimick et al. (J. Am. Chern. Soc., 121: 44,10286,1999) reported the molecular cluster glycoside effects, and the synthesis of polyvalent ligands for the plant lectin concanavalin A ...
Human N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Synthase (NANS) Protein, Recombinant | ABIN6381569Human N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Synthase (NANS) Protein, Recombinant | ABIN6381569
Recombinant N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Synthase (NANS) Protein. Species: Human. Source: Escherichia coli (E. coli). Order product ABIN6381569.
RCSB PDB - 2C4A: STRUCTURE OF NEURAMINIDASE SUBTYPE N9 COMPLEXED WITH 30 MM SIALIC ACID (NANA, NEU5AC), CRYSTAL SOAKED FOR 3...RCSB PDB - 2C4A: STRUCTURE OF NEURAMINIDASE SUBTYPE N9 COMPLEXED WITH 30 MM SIALIC ACID (NANA, NEU5AC), CRYSTAL SOAKED FOR 3...
2C4A: STRUCTURE OF NEURAMINIDASE SUBTYPE N9 COMPLEXED WITH 30 MM SIALIC ACID (NANA, NEU5AC), CRYSTAL SOAKED FOR 3 HOURS AT 291 K.
NEU1 neuraminidase 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBINEU1 neuraminidase 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI
The protein encoded by this gene is a lysosomal enzyme that cleaves terminal sialic acid residues from substrates such as glycoproteins and glycolipids. In the lysosome, this enzyme is part of a heterotrimeric complex together with beta-galactosidase and cathepsin A (the latter is also referred to as protective protein). Mutations in this gene can lead to sialidosis, a lysosomal storage disease that can be type 1 (cherry red spot-myoclonus syndrome or normosomatic type), which is late-onset, or type 2 (the dysmorphic type), which occurs at an earlier age with increased severity. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008 ...
Nasal administration of the neuroprotective candidate NeuroEPO to healthy volunteers: a randomized, parallel, open-label safety...Nasal administration of the neuroprotective candidate NeuroEPO to healthy volunteers: a randomized, parallel, open-label safety...
The findings support the hypothesis that the frequency of severe adverse events following intranasal administration of NeuroEPO would be less than 10% since no severe events occurred. This is in accordance with the literature since the use of rHu-EPO in healthy subjects apparently does not affect physiological indexes and its use is safe for experimental purposes [34].. The current first NeuroEPO-in-human trial demonstrated the absence of hematopoietic activity according to the safety profile. This result is expected due to this EPO possesses a low content of sialic acid, a component that plays a key role in the preservation of EPO structure thereby avoiding its destruction by the liver. Low sialic acid content rHu-EPO molecules are rapidly metabolized by the liver and therefore eliminated without being able to exert their hematopoietic action [3]. This is the main expected safety benefit of NeuroEPO and has already been demonstrated in laboratory animals since the product did not modify ...
Avian Flu Help (H5N1): More on the sequences from TurkeyAvian Flu Help (H5N1): More on the sequences from Turkey
The news dribbling out about the sequencing of the Turkish isolates is not encouraging but also not surprising. As I noted several days ago, the proposition that the hemagglutinin protein of the isolates is "very close" to the avian sequences is not very informative because extremely small changes can cause important changes in host range, as studies by Stevens et al. on the 1918 HA show. That paper described studies with glycan arrays (see previous post) that looked at the binding of various viral HAs to various linkages of sialic acid, the cellular receptor. Sialic acid is linked in two forms, one characteristic of bird intestinal cells, one characteristic of human lower respiratory tract cells, although we now know that humans have avian-type linkages in sialic acid in their upper respiratory tract. Most avian viruses bind well to the avian receptor, human viruses to the human linked receptor, but the HA protein from a case from New Yorks second wave in the 1918 pandemic showed some affinity ...
Sequence DetailSequence Detail
J:188842 Bergfeld AK, et al., Metabolism of vertebrate amino sugars with N-glycolyl groups: elucidating the intracellular fate of the non-human sialic acid N-glycolylneuraminic acid. J Biol Chem. 2012 Aug 17;287(34):28865-81 ...
Human uptake and incorporation of an immunogenic nonhuman dietary sialic acid | PNASHuman uptake and incorporation of an immunogenic nonhuman dietary sialic acid | PNAS
Existing data about Neu5Gc in human cells is controversial (16, 18, 19, 21, 22). Even in studies claiming its presence in malignant tissues, the cell type specificity of the presumed Neu5Gc was not defined. We have advanced understanding of this issue by using an affinity-purified polyclonal antibody against Neu5Gc. Our data support prior reports of Neu5Gc in human cancers and extends the finding to normal and fetal human tissues. Of course, despite our extensive efforts to define specificity, we cannot rule out the possibility of an unexpected epitope cross-reactive with this polyclonal antibody. Thus, we confirmed the presence of Neu5Gc in the normal human tissues with MS.. The inactivating mutation of CMAH in humans is genetically irreversible, no human genes have homology to CMAH, and evidence for an alternate biosynthetic pathway is lacking. Although human cells cultured in FCS appear to incorporate Neu5Gc (8, 24), this could be just passive adsorption. For example, glycolipids containing ...
ST8 alpha-2,8-Sialyltransferase 8B/ST8SIA2 Proteins: Novus BiologicalsST8 alpha-2,8-Sialyltransferase 8B/ST8SIA2 Proteins: Novus Biologicals
ST8 alpha-2,8-Sialyltransferase 8B/ST8SIA2 Proteins available through Novus Biologicals. Browse our ST8 alpha-2,8-Sialyltransferase 8B/ST8SIA2 Protein catalog backed by our Guarantee+.
Anti-CD56/NCAM-1 AntibodyAnti-CD56/NCAM-1 Antibody
Polyclonal antibody for CD56/NCAM1 detection. Host: Rabbit.Size: 100μg/vial. Tested applications: IHC-P. Reactive species: Human. CD56/NCAM1 information: Molecular Weight: 94574 MW; Subcellular Localization: Isoform 1: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I me
Clusterin Human | ProSpecClusterin Human | ProSpec
Clusterin also named Apoliprotein J (APO-J) is a 75-80 kD disulfide-linked heterodimeric protein containing about 30% of N-linked carbohydrate rich in sialic acid but truncated forms targeted to the nucleus have also been identified.
ST6 Gal Sialyltransferase 1/ST6GAL1/CD75 Overexpression Lysate (Denatured) (H00006480-T01): Novus BiologicalsST6 Gal Sialyltransferase 1/ST6GAL1/CD75 Overexpression Lysate (Denatured) (H00006480-T01): Novus Biologicals
ST6 Gal Sialyltransferase 1/ST6GAL1/CD75 Overexpression Lysate (Denatured). Tested Reactivity: Hu. Validated: WB. Backed by our 100% Guarantee.
KAKEN - Researchers | 児玉 万典 (60040581)KAKEN - Researchers | 児玉 万典 (60040581)
Affiliation：熊本大学,医学部,助教授, Research Field：Cerebral neurosurgery, Keywords：ADH,ACNU,視床下部腫瘍,シアル酸,カルシニュリン,浸潤,脳腫瘍,癌細胞凝集因子,SIALIC ACID,CSF DISSEMINATION, # of Research Projects：2, # of Research Products：0
Report: Mm.27446Report: Mm.27446
sialyltransferase 7 ((alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl 2,3-betagalactosyl-1,3)-N-acetyl galactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase) D ...
Packages - ERIC-openPackages - ERIC-open
Substances: 4-Formylaminoantipyrin (4-FAA) (WSJBSKRPKADYRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N) 5-Fluoro Cytosine (XRECTZIEBJDKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N) 2-4-dimethylphenylformamide (JOFDPSBOUCXJCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N) 4-Acetamidoantipyrin ( N-Acetyl-4-Aminoantipyrin 4-AAA) (OIAGWXKSCXPNNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N) Acetochlor-ESA (HXAIQOCRALNGKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N) Filter Results ...
N-acylglucosamine 2-epimeraseN-acylglucosamine 2-epimerase
N-acylglucosamine-6-phosphate 2-epimeraseN-acylglucosamine-6-phosphate 2-epimerase
N-AcetylmannosamineN-Acetylmannosamine
N-acylneuraminate cytidylyltransferaseN-acylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
N-acetylneuraminate lyaseN-acetylneuraminate lyase
N-acylneuraminate-9-phosphate synthaseN-acylneuraminate-9-phosphate synthase
Beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferaseBeta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase
Fructose-bisphosphate aldolaseFructose-bisphosphate aldolase
N-acetylneuraminate synthaseN-acetylneuraminate synthase
Kelch motifKelch motif
SLC17A5SLC17A5
Petasis reactionPetasis reaction
CD22CD22
SialoadhesinSialoadhesin
NeuraminidaseNeuraminidase
Gunnar BlixGunnar Blix
ST8SIA1ST8SIA1
Bioorthogonal chemistryBioorthogonal chemistry
List of OMIM disorder codesList of OMIM disorder codes
N-acylneuraminate-9-phosphataseN-acylneuraminate-9-phosphatase
Carbohydrate deficient transferrinCarbohydrate deficient transferrin
Alpha-1 antitrypsinAlpha-1 antitrypsin
SLC35A2SLC35A2
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionizationMatrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization
Embryonic stem cellEmbryonic stem cell
SIGLEC5SIGLEC5
Salla diseaseSalla disease
Pekka SillanaukeePekka Sillanaukee
Golgi apparatusGolgi apparatus
배아줄기세포 - 위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전배아줄기세포 - 위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전
S100A6 - ويكيبيدياS100A6 - ويكيبيديا
InfluenzaInfluenza
Cellular respirationCellular respiration
P-selectinP-selectin
Red blood cellRed blood cell
Lektiny - WikipedieLektiny - Wikipedie
Complement component 1sComplement component 1s
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
Colina, a enciclopedia libreColina, a enciclopedia libre
ParvovirusParvovirus
Cell membraneCell membrane
5-HT2A receptor5-HT2A receptor
Citric acid cycleCitric acid cycle
FermentationFermentation
Semen - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaSemen - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1Influenza A virus subtype H5N1
Fructose-bisphosphate aldolaseFructose-bisphosphate aldolase
Bacterial capsuleBacterial capsule
Cell adhesionCell adhesion
OrthomyxoviridaeOrthomyxoviridae
Branched-chain amino acidBranched-chain amino acid
Alternative complement pathwayAlternative complement pathway
CD74 - ВикипедияCD74 - Википедия
Nucleic acid metabolismNucleic acid metabolism
EpididymisEpididymis
ഓക്സിഡേറ്റീവ് ഫോസ്ഫോറിലേഷൻ - വിക്കിപീഡിയഓക്സിഡേറ്റീവ് ഫോസ്ഫോറിലേഷൻ - വിക്കിപീഡിയ
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation Science
Sialic AcidsN-Acetylneuraminic AcidNeuraminidaseNeuraminic AcidsSialic Acid Storage DiseaseSialyltransferasesSialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like LectinsGlycoconjugatesGangliosidesLectinsSialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 1AcetylesteraseHexosaminesCytidine Monophosphate N-Acetylneuraminic AcidCarbohydrate SequenceSialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2CarbohydratesOligosaccharidesPolysaccharidesCarbohydrate ConformationPeriodic AcidGlycoproteinsG(M3) GangliosideReceptors, VirusN-Acylneuraminate CytidylyltransferaseGlycosylationSialoglycoproteinsOxo-Acid-LyasesMucinsMaackiaGalactoseAmino SugarsFucoseCarbohydrate EpimerasesChromatography, Thin LayerWheat Germ AgglutininsGlycopeptidesMolecular Sequence DataCarbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn ErrorsPlant LectinsHemagglutinationGlycophorinVirus AttachmentSugar AcidsGlycocalyxErythrocytesGlycoside HydrolasesCell MembraneRibosome Inactivating ProteinsGlucosamineAcetylationAcetylgalactosamineGlycolipidsOrosomucoidChromatography, High Pressure LiquidCell LineAsialoglycoproteinsG(M1) Ganglioside3-DeazauridineHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza VirusElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelCricetinaeHexosesOrganic Anion TransportersLysosomal Storage DiseasesMolecular WeightSubmandibular GlandStreptococcus agalactiaeInfluenzavirus CGlycosphingolipidsChromatography, Ion ExchangePeanut AgglutininCHO CellsChromatography, AffinitySialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3MonosaccharidesCytidine MonophosphateMicrobiological PhenomenaAmino AcidsChromatography, PaperFetuinsBinding SitesInfluenza A virusGlycomicsAmino Acid SequenceSialomucinsCattleProtein BindingHemagglutination, Viralalpha-FetoproteinsCarbohydrate MetabolismChromatography, GelPeptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) Asparagine AmidaseClostridium perfringensMannoseKineticsPeriodic Acid-Schiff ReactionAgglutinationG(M2) GangliosideSubstrate SpecificityMass SpectrometryEnterovirus D, HumanSulfuric AcidsPolysaccharides, BacterialLactoseSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationTransferasesErythrocyte MembraneOrthomyxoviridaeGalactose OxidaseTransmissible gastroenteritis virusReceptors, MitogenHemagglutinins, ViralAcetylglucosamineStarfishGlycosidesBorohydridesIsoelectric Focusingalpha-N-AcetylgalactosaminidaseAsparagineHemagglutininsDistal MyopathiesBlood Group AntigensCapsid ProteinsMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyGolgi ApparatusMembrane GlycoproteinsAntigens, Differentiation, MyelomonocyticCricetulusLiverStructure-Activity RelationshipAntibodies, MonoclonalSpecies SpecificitySymportersEpitopesGalactosamineSwineCell Adhesion MoleculesHistocytochemistryAntigens, CD43TrypsinChemistry
Sialic Acid Analysis | Life Sciences | SGSSialic Acid Analysis | Life Sciences | SGS
Decreased surface sialic acid content is a sensitive indicator of muscle damage - Iwata - 2013 - Muscle & Nerve - Wiley Online...Decreased surface sialic acid content is a sensitive indicator of muscle damage - Iwata - 2013 - Muscle & Nerve - Wiley Online...
Adenovirus type 37 binds to cell surface sialic acid through a charge-dependent interactionAdenovirus type 37 binds to cell surface sialic acid through a charge-dependent interaction
Distribution of O-Acetylated Sialic Acids among Target Host Tissues for Influenza Virus | mSphereDistribution of O-Acetylated Sialic Acids among Target Host Tissues for Influenza Virus | mSphere
Using sialic acid analogues to define the molecular basis of complement resistance mediated by sialylation of neisseria...Using sialic acid analogues to define the molecular basis of complement resistance mediated by sialylation of neisseria...
A sub-population of keratan sulphates derived from bovine articular cartilage is capped with alpha(2-6)-linked N...A sub-population of keratan sulphates derived from bovine articular cartilage is capped with alpha(2-6)-linked N...
Polysialic acid blocks mononuclear phagocyte reactivity, inhibits complement activation, and protects from vascular damage in...Polysialic acid blocks mononuclear phagocyte reactivity, inhibits complement activation, and protects from vascular damage in...
Sialic acid storage disease: MedlinePlus GeneticsSialic acid storage disease: MedlinePlus Genetics
Free Sialic Acid Storage Disorders - GeneReviews® - NCBI BookshelfFree Sialic Acid Storage Disorders - GeneReviews® - NCBI Bookshelf
Tulane virus recognizes sialic acids as cellular receptors | Scientific ReportsTulane virus recognizes sialic acids as cellular receptors | Scientific Reports
sialic acid | Journal of Bacteriologysialic acid | Journal of Bacteriology
Sialic acid acetylesterase - WikipediaSialic acid acetylesterase - Wikipedia
Sialic acid-specific lectins: occurrence, specificity and function. - PubMed - NCBISialic acid-specific lectins: occurrence, specificity and function. - PubMed - NCBI
Sialic Acid and Sialidase Activity in Acute StrokeSialic Acid and Sialidase Activity in Acute Stroke
Sialic acid and monosaccharide analyses : WatersSialic acid and monosaccharide analyses : Waters
Sialic acid - WikipediaSialic acid - Wikipedia
Human uptake and incorporation of an immunogenic nonhuman dietary sialic acid | PNASHuman uptake and incorporation of an immunogenic nonhuman dietary sialic acid | PNAS
Method for producing sialic-acid-containing sugar chain - GLYTECH, INC.Method for producing sialic-acid-containing sugar chain - GLYTECH, INC.
Sialic Acids - DrugBankSialic Acids - DrugBank
The sialic acid binding S… - University of Gothenburg, Sweden The sialic acid binding S… - University of Gothenburg, Sweden
JCI - Sialic acid is a critical fetal defense against maternal complement attackJCI - Sialic acid is a critical fetal defense against maternal complement attack
JCI - Sialic acid is a critical fetal defense against maternal complement attackJCI - Sialic acid is a critical fetal defense against maternal complement attack
Sialic Acids Sweeten a Tumors Life | Cancer ResearchSialic Acids Sweeten a Tumor's Life | Cancer Research
Sialic Acids, Part I: Historical Background and Development and Chemical Synthesis, Volume 75 - 1st EditionSialic Acids, Part I: Historical Background and Development and Chemical Synthesis, Volume 75 - 1st Edition
A structure-based rationale for sialic acid independent host-cell entry of Sosuga virus | PNASA structure-based rationale for sialic acid independent host-cell entry of Sosuga virus | PNAS
SIAS - Sialic acid synthase - Neovison vison (American mink) - SIAS gene & proteinSIAS - Sialic acid synthase - Neovison vison (American mink) - SIAS gene & protein
BioCentury - Therapeutics: Sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin (SIGLEC)BioCentury - Therapeutics: Sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin (SIGLEC)
Cells | Free Full-Text | Biological Functions and Analytical Strategies of Sialic Acids in TumorCells | Free Full-Text | Biological Functions and Analytical Strategies of Sialic Acids in Tumor
RCSB PDB - 1N1Y: Trypanosoma rangeli sialidase in complex with sialic acid Literature Report PageRCSB PDB - 1N1Y: Trypanosoma rangeli sialidase in complex with sialic acid Literature Report Page
Dietary sialic acid supplementation improves learning and memory in piglets.Dietary sialic acid supplementation improves learning and memory in piglets.
Structure Cluster - 1N1Y: Trypanosoma rangeli sialidase in complex with sialic acid 3D Similarity Report PageStructure Cluster - 1N1Y: Trypanosoma rangeli sialidase in complex with sialic acid 3D Similarity Report Page
Raised Serum Sialic Acid Concentration in NIDDM Patients With and Without Diabetic Nephropathy | Diabetes CareRaised Serum Sialic Acid Concentration in NIDDM Patients With and Without Diabetic Nephropathy | Diabetes Care
Sialic Acid - Lectins - Lectins & Glycobiology Reagents - All ProductsSialic Acid - Lectins - Lectins & Glycobiology Reagents - All Products
Influenza virus neuraminidases with reduced enzymatic activity that avidly bind sialic Acid receptorsInfluenza virus neuraminidases with reduced enzymatic activity that avidly bind sialic Acid receptors
Identification of Sialic Acid Linkages on Intact Glycopeptides via Differential Chemical Modification Using IntactGIG-HILIC |...Identification of Sialic Acid Linkages on Intact Glycopeptides via Differential Chemical Modification Using IntactGIG-HILIC |...
A Sialic Acid Binding Site in a Human PicornavirusA Sialic Acid Binding Site in a Human Picornavirus
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation Science
Sialic AcidsN-Acetylneuraminic AcidNeuraminidaseNeuraminic AcidsSialic Acid Storage DiseaseSialyltransferasesSialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like LectinsGlycoconjugatesGangliosidesLectinsSialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 1AcetylesteraseHexosaminesCytidine Monophosphate N-Acetylneuraminic AcidCarbohydrate SequenceSialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2CarbohydratesOligosaccharidesPolysaccharidesCarbohydrate ConformationPeriodic AcidGlycoproteinsG(M3) GangliosideReceptors, VirusN-Acylneuraminate CytidylyltransferaseGlycosylationSialoglycoproteinsOxo-Acid-LyasesMucinsMaackiaGalactoseAmino SugarsFucoseCarbohydrate EpimerasesChromatography, Thin LayerWheat Germ AgglutininsGlycopeptidesMolecular Sequence DataCarbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn ErrorsPlant LectinsHemagglutinationGlycophorinVirus AttachmentSugar AcidsGlycocalyxErythrocytesGlycoside HydrolasesCell MembraneRibosome Inactivating ProteinsGlucosamineAcetylationAcetylgalactosamineGlycolipidsOrosomucoidChromatography, High Pressure LiquidCell LineAsialoglycoproteinsG(M1) Ganglioside3-DeazauridineHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza VirusElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelCricetinaeHexosesOrganic Anion TransportersLysosomal Storage DiseasesMolecular WeightSubmandibular GlandStreptococcus agalactiaeInfluenzavirus CGlycosphingolipidsChromatography, Ion ExchangePeanut AgglutininCHO CellsChromatography, AffinitySialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3MonosaccharidesCytidine MonophosphateMicrobiological PhenomenaAmino AcidsChromatography, PaperFetuinsBinding SitesInfluenza A virusGlycomicsAmino Acid SequenceSialomucinsCattleProtein BindingHemagglutination, Viralalpha-FetoproteinsCarbohydrate MetabolismChromatography, GelPeptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) Asparagine AmidaseClostridium perfringensMannoseKineticsPeriodic Acid-Schiff ReactionAgglutinationG(M2) GangliosideSubstrate SpecificityMass SpectrometryEnterovirus D, HumanSulfuric AcidsPolysaccharides, BacterialLactoseSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationTransferasesErythrocyte MembraneOrthomyxoviridaeGalactose OxidaseTransmissible gastroenteritis virusReceptors, MitogenHemagglutinins, ViralAcetylglucosamineStarfishGlycosidesBorohydridesIsoelectric Focusingalpha-N-AcetylgalactosaminidaseAsparagineHemagglutininsDistal MyopathiesBlood Group AntigensCapsid ProteinsMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyGolgi ApparatusMembrane GlycoproteinsAntigens, Differentiation, MyelomonocyticCricetulusLiverStructure-Activity RelationshipAntibodies, MonoclonalSpecies SpecificitySymportersEpitopesGalactosamineSwineCell Adhesion MoleculesHistocytochemistryAntigens, CD43TrypsinChemistry
Total sialic acidReceptorsSugarsNANANeuraminidaseReceptorForm of sialic acidSialidaseDerivativesSialylationAssociated with serum sialic acidInfluenzaSerum sialic acid levelsFree sialic acid transportLipid-associated sialic acidConcentrationsRecognize sialic acidsSiglecsSpecificityCatabolismAmount of sialic acidAmounts of sialic acidFound that sialic acidPresence of sialic acidSynthesis of sialic acidActivity and sialic acidEvolution of sialic acidInteract with sialic acidMetabolism of sialic acidExpression of sialic acidMeasurement of sialic acidAccumulation of sialic acidMonosaccharide and sialic acidHydrolysisMonosaccharidesOligosaccharidesGlycoconjugatesCytidineNegatively chargedAminoSynthaseForms of sialicAnalysis of sialicImportance of sialicBiosynthesis of sialicNine-carbonBindInfantile formExcretionIntermediate severe Salla diseaseProteinAttachmentDeterminationPutativeSalla
Total sialic acid6
Receptors11
Sugars13
NANA6
  • Phylogeny of selected sialic acid aldolase (NanA), epimerase (NanE), and kinase (NanK) polypeptides involved in microbial sialic acid catabolism. (asm.org)
  • The cluster of genes encoding the enzymes N -acetylneuraminate lyase (NanA), epimerase (NanE), and kinase (NanK), necessary for the catabolism of sialic acid (the Nan cluster), are confined 46 bacterial species, 42 of which colonize mammals, 33 as pathogens and 9 as gut commensals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The catabolic pathway of sialic acid involves several steps beginning with NanA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The DSLA-100 assay kit is based on the oxidation of sialic acid with periodate and detection of the reaction product formyl pyruvic acid with thiobarbituric acid.The ESLA-100 assay kit is based on enzymatic digestion of sialic acid with NANA-aldolase (N-acetyl-neuraminic acid aldolase) and detection of the breakdown product pyruvate. (bioassaysys.com)
  • Structures of sialic acid ( NANA ) and its deaminated form ( KDN ). (aaccjnls.org)
  • Defective free sialic acid transport can be established by quantitative analysis of NANA in urine relative to the concentration of creatinine. (aaccjnls.org)
Neuraminidase11
  • We determined the crystal structure of the globular head region of SosV-RBP, revealing that while the glycoprotein presents a classical paramyxoviral six-bladed β-propeller fold and structurally classifies in close proximity to paramyxoviral RBPs with hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) functionality, it presents a receptor-binding face incongruent with sialic acid recognition. (pnas.org)
  • Hemadsorption and neuraminidase activity analysis confirms the limited capacity of SosV-RBP to interact with sialic acid in vitro and indicates that SosV-RBP undergoes a nonclassical route of host-cell entry. (pnas.org)
  • For determination of TSA an enzymatic (neuraminidase) and a chemical (acid) hydrolysis were compared. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Values of SA analyzed after neuraminidase- or acid hydrolysis treatment were comparable. (biomedsearch.com)
  • In early work, the EV70 receptor on erythrocytes, responsible for its hemagglutinating activity, was shown to be sensitive to neuraminidase, implying an essential role for sialic acid in virus attachment. (asm.org)
  • Radioactive gangliosides were isolated and selectively degraded with bacterial neuraminidase and rat liver beta-galactosidase to Tay-Sachs ganglioside-(3)H. Radioactivity in the labeled product was confined to the N-acetyl-neuraminic acid portion of the molecule. (eurekamag.com)
  • After preincubation with neuraminidase, which released 90-100% of the sialic acid from the membranes of the synaptic vesicles and the nerve endings, the electron-dense deposits marked the reaction sites of sulphate with CIH. (biologists.org)
  • The method described allows the electron-microscopical demonstration of acid-resistant, neuraminidase-sensitive sialic acid in synaptic structures and the discrimination from sulphated mucopolysaccharides. (biologists.org)
  • The neuraminidase of 2007-2008 A(H1N1) viruses has an increased affinity for sialic acids as compared with the N1 of previously circulating viruses. (pasteur.fr)
  • Using site-directed mutagenesis analysis and an enzymatic assay on cells transiently expressing the viral neuraminidase, the amino acid changes that could account for the particular enzymatic properties of the neuraminidase of 2007-2008 A(H1N1) viruses were explored. (pasteur.fr)
  • Enzymic treatment with Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase demonstrated that sialic acid was a major determinant of virus binding. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Receptor9
  • There are receptor families that specifically recognize sialoglycans such as selectins or sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Through investigation of the virion envelope-displayed SosV host-cell receptor binding protein, we provide a molecular-level rationale for how SosV undergoes a sialic acid-independent host-cell entry pathway, which contrasts the glycan reliance of related orthorubulaviruses, including mumps virus. (pnas.org)
  • Due to its position at the non-reducing termini of oligo-and polysaccharides, as well as its unique chemical characteristics, sialic acid is involved in a multitude of different receptor-ligand interactions. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Angata T, Hayakawa T, Yamanaka M, Varki A, Nakamura M (2006) Discovery of Siglec-14, a novel sialic acid receptor undergoing concerted evolution with Siglec-5 in primates. (springer.com)
  • We have shown recently that adenovirus types 8, 19a, and 37, which are the major causes of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, use sialic acid rather than CAR as a major cellular receptor. (diva-portal.org)
  • Human adenovirus type 26 uses sialic acid as a primary cellular receptor-structural insights for this phase 3 vaccine vector. (sciencemag.org)
  • The soluble sialoadhesin could bind PRRSV in a sialic acid-dependent manner and could neutralize PRRSV infection of macrophages, thereby confirming the role of sialoadhesin as an essential PRRSV receptor on macrophages. (prolekare.cz)
  • Human erythrocyte band 3 functions as a receptor for the sialic acid-independent invasion of Plasmodium falciparum. (gallusimmunotech.com)
  • Adenovirus type 37 uses sialic acid as a cellular receptor. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Form of sialic acid3
Sialidase8
Derivatives7
Sialylation3
Associated with serum sialic acid1
Influenza6
  • As we discussed previously , attachment of all influenza A virus strains to cells requires sialic acids. (virology.ws)
  • However, there are a number of chemically different forms of sialic acids, and influenza virus strains vary in their affinity for them. (virology.ws)
  • Avian influenza virus strains preferentially bind to sialic acids attached to galactose via an alpha(2,3) linkage. (virology.ws)
  • In contrast, human influenza virus strains preferentially attach to sialic acids attached to galactose by an alpha(2,6) linkage. (virology.ws)
  • For example, highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza viruses undergo limited replication in the human respiratory tract due to the presence of some cells with alpha(2,3) linked sialic acids. (virology.ws)
  • Consistent with this hypothesis, the results of studies of early influenza virus isolates from the 1918, 1957, and 1968 pandemics suggest that these viruses preferentially recognized alpha(2,6) linked sialic acids. (virology.ws)
Serum sialic acid levels2
  • Conclusions- Total serum sialic acid levels were significantly elevated in a relatively small group of NIDDM patients and were correlated with hypertension and retinopathy. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • At screening, blood samples were taken from nonfasting participants, and serum sialic acid levels were measured by automatic analyzer. (acpjc.org)
Free sialic acid transport2
Lipid-associated sialic acid2
Concentrations5
Recognize sialic acids2
  • The recent discovery that human noroviruses (huNoVs) recognize sialic acids (SAs) in addition to histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) pointed to a new direction in studying virus-host interactions during calicivirus infection. (nature.com)
  • However, efficient human to human transmission requires that the avian viruses recognize sialic acids with alpha(2,6) linkages. (virology.ws)
Siglecs2
Specificity1
Catabolism7
Amount of sialic acid1
  • It is well known that erythrocytes have a large amount of sialic acid and could represent a model to investigate changes occurring in a pathology like stroke. (hindawi.com)
Amounts of sialic acid1
  • DESIGN: Piglets (n = 54) were allocated to 1 of 4 groups fed sow milk replacer supplemented with increasing amounts of sialic acid as casein glycomacropeptide for 35 d. (biomedsearch.com)
Found that sialic acid2
Presence of sialic acid1
Synthesis of sialic acid2
Activity and sialic acid1
  • Predicted to have monosaccharide binding activity and sialic acid binding activity. (mcw.edu)
Evolution of sialic acid1
Interact with sialic acid1
  • and that (iv) the ability of adenovirus knobs to interact with sialic acid correlates with the overall charge on the top surface of the respective knobs as predicted by homology modeling. (diva-portal.org)
Metabolism of sialic acid1
  • Using a combination of transcriptomic and functional genomic approaches, we identified a gene cluster dedicated to the uptake and metabolism of sialic acid. (asm.org)
Expression of sialic acid2
Measurement of sialic acid2
  • Kit Contents: Sufficient reagent A, reagent B, buffer solution, stabilizer and standard serum for the measurement of sialic acid in serum. (eylabs.com)
  • Second, because the measurement of sialic acid was done in the 1960s, another sialated protein may have been measured. (acpjc.org)
Accumulation of sialic acid2
  • 1) An inherited condition characterised by an accumulation of sialic acid, primarily in the nervous system, with a wide range of signs and symptoms. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Sialic acid storage diseases (SSDs) are severe autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorders caused by a transport defect across the lysosomal membrane, which leads to accumulation of sialic acid in tissues, fibroblasts, and urine. (aaccjnls.org)
Monosaccharide and sialic acid1
  • Monosaccharide and sialic acid analysis is applicable to all stages of biopharmaceutical development and manufacturing processes including cell line and clone selection, upstream and downstream process development and manufacturing in-process control, batch consistency and release. (thermofisher.com)
Hydrolysis2
Monosaccharides3
  • Our workflow delivers trace performance for monosaccharides and sialic acids without cumbersome and time consuming labeling protocols. (thermofisher.com)
  • The versatile Dionex ICS-6000 Hybrid HPIC System is a complete solution for the biopharma carbohydrate applications (monosaccharides, disaccharides, sialic acids, N - and O -linked oligosaccharide analysis, and more). (thermofisher.com)
  • Sialic acids are a group of monosaccharides with a nine-carbon backbone, commonly found in mammalian cells and pathogenic bacteria, and frequently described to protect EPS molecules and cells from attack by proteases or glycosidases. (wur.nl)
Oligosaccharides3
Glycoconjugates2
  • Varki, A. and Diaz, S. (1984) The release and purification of sialic acids from glycoconjugates: methods to minimize the loss and migration of O -acetyl groups. (springer.com)
  • HPAE-PAD, used mainly for the analysis of sialic acids released from glycoconjugates, can reduce the possibility of interferences by relatively long gradient separations. (aaccjnls.org)
Cytidine4
  • For it to become active to enter in the oligosaccharide biosynthesis process of the cell, a monophosphate nucleoside is added, which comes from a cytidine triphosphate, turning sialic acid into cytidine monophosphate-sialic acid (CMP-sialic acid). (wikipedia.org)
  • Product Information for Cytidine-5′-monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid sodium-Sigma Aldrich. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • The production of cytidine 5'-monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-NeuAc) and CMP-9-azido-NeuAc using crude CSS was successful with >90% conversion at scales from 100 mg to 5 g. (thescipub.com)
  • Functional studies included biochemical assays for N-glycosylation and mucin-type O-glycosylation and SLC35A1-encoded cytidine 5'-monophosphosialic acid (CMP-sialic acid) transport after heterologous expression in yeast. (ru.nl)
Negatively charged1
Amino2
  • p>This subsection of the 'Function' section describes the interaction between a single amino acid and another chemical entity. (uniprot.org)
  • D ) Comparison of the amino acid sequences of NPL in human (Q9BXD5.1), zebrafish (CAP19481.1), mouse (NP_083025.1), dog (XP_005622466.1), chicken (NP_001026731.1, Xenopus (NP_001011207.1), and alpaca (XP_015101171.1), as well as 2 mutants. (jci.org)
Synthase2
Forms of sialic1
Analysis of sialic1
  • In summary, we have characterized a novel sialate-O-acetylesterase that contributes to siallobiology of this important human pathogen and has potential applications in analysis of sialic acid diacetylation of biologics in the pharmaceutical industry. (biochemj.org)
Importance of sialic1
  • The importance of sialic acid biosynthesis in human physiology is well illustrated by the severe metabolic disorders in this pathway. (jci.org)
Biosynthesis of sialic1
Nine-carbon1
  • Sialic acids comprise a family of more than 50 carbohydrates that share a nine-carbon backbone (C1-9) to which specific chemical modifications are enzymatically attached inside the cell. (aacrjournals.org)
Bind1
  • Here, we explored two alternative strategies for radiolabeling Siglec-9 peptide using a 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-triacetic acid (NOTA)-chelator to bind [ 68 Ga]Ga or [ 18 F]AlF. (mdpi.com)
Infantile form1
  • Sialic acid storage diseases (SSDs) (3) are autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorders that may present as a severe infantile form, infantile sialic acid storage disease (ISSD), or as a slowly progressive adult form that is prevalent in the Finnish population, called Salla disease (1). (thefreedictionary.com)
Excretion3
Intermediate severe Salla disease3
Protein12
  • Here, the contribution of some H. pylori virulence factors, the blood group antigen-binding adhesin BabA, the sialic acid-binding adhesin SabA, the neutrophil-activating protein HP-NAP, and the vacuolating cytotoxin VacA, to the activation of human neutrophils in terms of adherence, phagocytosis, and oxidative burst was investigated. (gu.se)
  • Sialic acids play important roles in many physiological and pathological processes via carbohydrate-protein interactions, including cell-cell communication, bacterial and viral infections. (mdpi.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Feeding a protein-bound source of sialic acid during early development enhanced learning and increased expression of 2 genes associated with learning in developing piglets. (biomedsearch.com)
  • A method, such as the one presented here, that can detect these subtle differences, α2,3 versus α2,6-linked sialic acids, at the glycosylation site of the resident protein can provide an important tool to better understand the role of sialic acids in such biological processes. (springer.com)
  • Here we report the use of gold nanoparticles functionalised with a sialic acid ligand diluted with a polyethylene glycol (PEG) ligand for the plasmonic detection of a soluble form of murine Siglec-E (mSiglec-E-Fc fusion protein) and, importantly, for the specific detection of the same Siglec expressed on the surface of mammalian cells. (jic.ac.uk)
  • The gold nanoparticles were functionalised with various ratios of sialic acid:PEG ligands and the optimum ratio for the detection of murine Siglec-E was established based on the plasmonic detection of the soluble pre-complexed recombinant form of murine Siglec-E (mSiglec-E-Fc fusion protein). (jic.ac.uk)
  • The optimum ratio for the detection of the fusion protein was found to be sialic acid:PEG ligands in a 50:50 ratio (glyconanoparticles 1). (jic.ac.uk)
  • Therefore the primary objective of this thesis was the generation and characterisation of recombinant antisialic acid antibodies.A single-chain antibody fragment (scFv) library was constructed from a chicken that was immunised with a novel synthetic sialic acid protein-conjugate (Neu5Gchumanserum albumin). (dcu.ie)
  • First, it is unclear whether any hypothesis about sialic acid had been set out by the investigators 20 years ago or whether this was part of the series of protein measurements that was done without a particular hypothesis. (acpjc.org)
  • The ability of the HA protein to differentiate sialic acid linkages makes it an interesting candidate for use in the characterization of glycoprotein's potentially facilitating the discrimination of alternate glycoforms of biopharmaceutical therapeutics and their subsequent purification. (dcu.ie)
  • The sulphate groups which were present at a concentration of 2.3 and 2.2 µmol/mg protein for the synaptic vesicle and nerve ending membrane preparations, respectively, were rendered soluble as methyl monosulphate by trans-esterification with acid/methanol and quantitatively removed from the structures. (biologists.org)
  • A rapid and nondestructive method for determining the distribution map of protein content (PC), carbohydrate content (CC) and sialic acid content (SAC) on EBN sample was proposed. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Attachment3
Determination3
Putative3
Salla1
PLOS ONE: Glycoprotein Hyposialylation Gives Rise to a Nephrotic-Like Syndrome That Is Prevented by Sialic Acid Administration...
PLOS ONE: Glycoprotein Hyposialylation Gives Rise to a Nephrotic-Like Syndrome That Is Prevented by Sialic Acid Administration... (journals.plos.org)
Mucin-derived O -glycans supplemented to diet mitigate diverse microbiota perturbations | The ISME Journal
Mucin-derived O -glycans supplemented to diet mitigate diverse microbiota perturbations | The ISME Journal (nature.com)
SLC17A5 gene: MedlinePlus Genetics
SLC17A5 gene: MedlinePlus Genetics (medlineplus.gov)
Tulane virus recognizes sialic acids as cellular receptors | Scientific Reports
Tulane virus recognizes sialic acids as cellular receptors | Scientific Reports (nature.com)
IFITM3 Inhibits Influenza A Virus Infection by Preventing Cytosolic Entry
IFITM3 Inhibits Influenza A Virus Infection by Preventing Cytosolic Entry (journals.plos.org)
Changes in H5N1 influenza virus hemagglutinin receptor binding domain affect systemic spread | PNAS
Changes in H5N1 influenza virus hemagglutinin receptor binding domain affect systemic spread | PNAS (pnas.org)
Human uptake and incorporation of an immunogenic nonhuman dietary sialic acid | PNAS
Human uptake and incorporation of an immunogenic nonhuman dietary sialic acid | PNAS (pnas.org)
Ab Identification Renee Wilkins | Inmunología | Medicina clínica
Ab Identification Renee Wilkins | Inmunología | Medicina clínica (es.scribd.com)
Cells | Free Full-Text | Biological Functions and Analytical Strategies of Sialic Acids in Tumor
Cells | Free Full-Text | Biological Functions and Analytical Strategies of Sialic Acids in Tumor (mdpi.com)
Neuro-Immunology: The Impact of Immune Function on Alzheimer's Disease | The New York Academy of Sciences
Neuro-Immunology: The Impact of Immune Function on Alzheimer's Disease | The New York Academy of Sciences (nyas.org)
Sialic Acids Sweeten a Tumor's Life | Cancer Research
Sialic Acids Sweeten a Tumor's Life | Cancer Research (cancerres.aacrjournals.org)
SWISS-MODEL Template Library | 6oh3.1
SWISS-MODEL Template Library | 6oh3.1 (swissmodel.expasy.org)
SIGLEC7 Gene - GeneCards | SIGL7 Protein | SIGL7 Antibody
SIGLEC7 Gene - GeneCards | SIGL7 Protein | SIGL7 Antibody (genecards.org)
Lack of transmission of H5N1 avian-human reassortant influenza viruses in a ferret model | PNAS
Lack of transmission of H5N1 avian-human reassortant influenza viruses in a ferret model | PNAS (pnas.org)
A structure-based rationale for sialic acid independent host-cell entry of Sosuga virus | PNAS
A structure-based rationale for sialic acid independent host-cell entry of Sosuga virus | PNAS (pnas.org)
Specific Inhibition of RHO(D) Antibody by Sialic Acids | Science
Specific Inhibition of RHO(D) Antibody by Sialic Acids | Science (science.sciencemag.org)
Search | The Merck Index Online
Search | The Merck Index Online (rsc.org)
The genome sequence of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis reveals adaptations for milk utilization within the infant...
The genome sequence of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis reveals adaptations for milk utilization within the infant... (pnas.org)
PLOS Pathogens: Publishing science, accelerating research
PLOS Pathogens: Publishing science, accelerating research (journals.plos.org)
An Essential Role of Sialylated O-Linked Sugar Chains in the Recognition of Mouse CD99 by Paired Ig-Like Type 2 Receptor (PILR)...
An Essential Role of Sialylated O-Linked Sugar Chains in the Recognition of Mouse CD99 by Paired Ig-Like Type 2 Receptor (PILR)... (jimmunol.org)
Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (degruyter.com)
5th International Conference on Glycobiology,Lipids & Proteomics Tickets, Mon, Aug 27, 2018 at 9:30 AM | Eventbrite
5th International Conference on Glycobiology,Lipids & Proteomics Tickets, Mon, Aug 27, 2018 at 9:30 AM | Eventbrite (eventbrite.com)
Trypanosoma cruzi trans-Sialidase in Complex with a Neutralizing Antibody: Structure/Function Studies towards the Rational...
Trypanosoma cruzi trans-Sialidase in Complex with a Neutralizing Antibody: Structure/Function Studies towards the Rational... (journals.plos.org)
Applied Sciences | Free Full-Text | Evaluation of the Impact of Imprinted Polymer Particles on Morphology and Motility of...
Applied Sciences | Free Full-Text | Evaluation of the Impact of Imprinted Polymer Particles on Morphology and Motility of... (mdpi.com)
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Analysis of the Binding Sites of Porcine Sialoadhesin Receptor with PRRSV
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Analysis of the Binding Sites of Porcine Sialoadhesin Receptor with PRRSV (mdpi.com)
Structural Analysis of Naturally Occurring Sialic Acids | Springer for Research & Development
Structural Analysis of Naturally Occurring Sialic Acids | Springer for Research & Development (rd.springer.com)
Oncolytic Paramyxoviruses: Mechanism of Action, Preclinical and Clinical Studies | SpringerLink
Oncolytic Paramyxoviruses: Mechanism of Action, Preclinical and Clinical Studies | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Catabolism of Sialyl Compounds in Nature | SpringerLink
Catabolism of Sialyl Compounds in Nature | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
JCI - 2010 Association of American Physicians George M. Kober Medal: Introduction of Stuart Kornfeld
JCI - 2010 Association of American Physicians George M. Kober Medal: Introduction of Stuart Kornfeld (jci.org)
RCSB PDB - 5E2Z: Crystal structure of H5 hemagglutinin Q226L mutant from the influenza virus A/duck/Egypt/10185SS/2010 (H5N1)...
RCSB PDB - 5E2Z: Crystal structure of H5 hemagglutinin Q226L mutant from the influenza virus A/duck/Egypt/10185SS/2010 (H5N1)... (rcsb.org)
Identification of Sialic Acid Linkages on Intact Glycopeptides via Differential Chemical Modification Using IntactGIG-HILIC |...
Identification of Sialic Acid Linkages on Intact Glycopeptides via Differential Chemical Modification Using IntactGIG-HILIC |... (link.springer.com)