Shock septic. Medical search

Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include, but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status.

A pathological condition manifested by failure to perfuse or oxygenate vital organs.

Acute hemorrhage or excessive fluid loss resulting in HYPOVOLEMIA.

Proteins which are synthesized in eukaryotic organisms and bacteria in response to hyperthermia and other environmental stresses. They increase thermal tolerance and perform functions essential to cell survival under these conditions.

Shock resulting from diminution of cardiac output in heart disease.

Shock produced as a result of trauma.

A class of MOLECULAR CHAPERONES found in both prokaryotes and in several compartments of eukaryotic cells. These proteins can interact with polypeptides during a variety of assembly processes in such a way as to prevent the formation of nonfunctional structures.

A constellation of responses that occur when an organism is exposed to excessive heat. Responses include synthesis of new proteins and regulation of others.

High-amplitude compression waves, across which density, pressure, and particle velocity change drastically. The mechanical force from these shock waves can be used for mechanically disrupting tissues and deposits.

Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.

A class of MOLECULAR CHAPERONES whose members act in the mechanism of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION by STEROID RECEPTORS.

A subfamily of small heat-shock proteins that function as molecular chaperones that aid in refolding of non-native proteins. They play a protective role that increases cellular survival during times of stress.

A group I chaperonin protein that forms the barrel-like structure of the chaperonin complex. It is an oligomeric protein with a distinctive structure of fourteen subunits, arranged in two rings of seven subunits each. The protein was originally studied in BACTERIA where it is commonly referred to as GroEL protein.

Stress-inducible members of the heat-shock proteins 70 family. HSP72 heat shock proteins function with other MOLECULAR CHAPERONES to mediate PROTEIN FOLDING and to stabilize pre-existent proteins against aggregation.

Induction of a stress reaction in experimental subjects by means of an electrical shock; applies to either convulsive or non-convulsive states.

The restoration to life or consciousness of one apparently dead. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Cellular proteins and peptides that are induced in response to cold stress. They are found in a broad variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.

An electrical current applied to the HEART to terminate a disturbance of its rhythm, ARRHYTHMIAS, CARDIAC. (Stedman, 25th ed)

A type of shock that occurs as a result of a surgical procedure.

LACTAMS forming compounds with a ring size of approximately 1-3 dozen atoms.

Benzene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.

A constitutively expressed subfamily of the HSP70 heat-shock proteins. They preferentially bind and release hydrophobic peptides by an ATP-dependent process and are involved in post-translational PROTEIN TRANSLOCATION.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

A family of low molecular weight heat-shock proteins that can serve as MOLECULAR CHAPERONES.

A family of multisubunit protein complexes that form into large cylindrical structures which bind to and encapsulate non-native proteins. Chaperonins utilize the energy of ATP hydrolysis to enhance the efficiency of PROTEIN FOLDING reactions and thereby help proteins reach their functional conformation. The family of chaperonins is split into GROUP I CHAPERONINS, and GROUP II CHAPERONINS, with each group having its own repertoire of protein subunits and subcellular preferences.

A family of cellular proteins that mediate the correct assembly or disassembly of polypeptides and their associated ligands. Although they take part in the assembly process, molecular chaperones are not components of the final structures.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

The pressure required to prevent the passage of solvent through a semipermeable membrane that separates a pure solvent from a solution of the solvent and solute or that separates different concentrations of a solution. It is proportional to the osmolality of the solution.

Microbial antigens that have in common an extremely potent activating effect on T-cells that bear a specific variable region. Superantigens cross-link the variable region with class II MHC proteins regardless of the peptide binding in the T-cell receptor's pocket. The result is a transient expansion and subsequent death and anergy of the T-cells with the appropriate variable regions.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

A family of heat-shock proteins that contain a 70 amino-acid consensus sequence known as the J domain. The J domain of HSP40 heat shock proteins interacts with HSP70 HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS. HSP40 heat-shock proteins play a role in regulating the ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASES activity of HSP70 heat-shock proteins.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Therapy whose basic objective is to restore the volume and composition of the body fluids to normal with respect to WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE. Fluids may be administered intravenously, orally, by intermittent gavage, or by HYPODERMOCLYSIS.

The unfavorable effect of environmental factors (stressors) on the physiological functions of an organism. Prolonged unresolved physiological stress can affect HOMEOSTASIS of the organism, and may lead to damaging or pathological conditions.

An absence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably below an accustomed norm.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

Implantable devices which continuously monitor the electrical activity of the heart and automatically detect and terminate ventricular tachycardia (TACHYCARDIA, VENTRICULAR) and VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION. They consist of an impulse generator, batteries, and electrodes.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Substances that are toxic to the intestinal tract causing vomiting, diarrhea, etc.; most common enterotoxins are produced by bacteria.

A group of eukaryotic high-molecular mass heat-shock proteins that represent a subfamily of HSP70 HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS. Hsp110 proteins prevent protein aggregation and can maintain denatured proteins in folding-competent states.

A progressive condition usually characterized by combined failure of several organs such as the lungs, liver, kidney, along with some clotting mechanisms, usually postinjury or postoperative.

An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death.

The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.

A subfamily of small heat-shock proteins that are closely related to ALPHA B-CRYSTALLIN. Hsp20 heat-shock proteins can undergo PHOSPHORYLATION by CYCLIC GMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASES.

One of the alpha crystallin subunits. In addition to being expressed in the lens (LENS, CRYSTALLINE), alpha-crystallin B chain has been found in a variety of tissues such as HEART; BRAIN; MUSCLE; and KIDNEY. Accumulation of the protein in the brain is associated with NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES such as CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB SYNDROME and ALEXANDER DISEASE.

Basic glycoprotein members of the SERPIN SUPERFAMILY that function as COLLAGEN-specific MOLECULAR CHAPERONES in the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

A group I chaperonin protein that forms a lid-like structure which encloses the non-polar cavity of the chaperonin complex. The protein was originally studied in BACTERIA where it is commonly referred to as GroES protein.

DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.

A subfamily of small heat-shock proteins found in a wide variety of organisms.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

Toxins closely associated with the living cytoplasm or cell wall of certain microorganisms, which do not readily diffuse into the culture medium, but are released upon lysis of the cells.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients.

Electrophoresis in which a second perpendicular electrophoretic transport is performed on the separate components resulting from the first electrophoresis. This technique is usually performed on polyacrylamide gels.

Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.

Proteins obtained from ESCHERICHIA COLI.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

A group of conditions that develop due to overexposure or overexertion in excessive environmental heat.

Counterpulsation in which a pumping unit synchronized with the patient's electrocardiogram rapidly fills a balloon in the aorta with helium or carbon dioxide in early diastole and evacuates the balloon at the onset of systole. As the balloon inflates, it raises aortic diastolic pressure, and as it deflates, it lowers aortic systolic pressure. The result is a decrease in left ventricular work and increased myocardial and peripheral perfusion.

A response to a cue that is instrumental in avoiding a noxious experience.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.

A protein which is a subunit of RNA polymerase. It effects initiation of specific RNA chains from DNA.

Inorganic salts or organic esters of arsenious acid.

Toxic substances formed in or elaborated by bacteria; they are usually proteins with high molecular weight and antigenicity; some are used as antibiotics and some to skin test for the presence of or susceptibility to certain diseases.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

A species of the genus SACCHAROMYCES, family Saccharomycetaceae, order Saccharomycetales, known as "baker's" or "brewer's" yeast. The dried form is used as a dietary supplement.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

A heterogeneous family of water-soluble structural proteins found in cells of the vertebrate lens. The presence of these proteins accounts for the transparency of the lens. The family is composed of four major groups, alpha, beta, gamma, and delta, and several minor groups, which are classed on the basis of size, charge, immunological properties, and vertebrate source. Alpha, beta, and delta crystallins occur in avian and reptilian lenses, while alpha, beta, and gamma crystallins occur in all other lenses.

Hypertonic sodium chloride solution. A solution having an osmotic pressure greater than that of physiologic salt solution (0.9 g NaCl in 100 ml purified water).

A subclass of crystallins that provides the majority of refractive power and translucency to the lens (LENS, CRYSTALLINE) in VERTEBRATES. Alpha-crystallins also act as molecular chaperones that bind to denatured proteins, keep them in solution and thereby maintain the translucency of the lens. The proteins exist as large oligomers that are formed from ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN A CHAIN and ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN B CHAIN subunits.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

The first continuously cultured human malignant CELL LINE, derived from the cervical carcinoma of Henrietta Lacks. These cells are used for VIRUS CULTIVATION and antitumor drug screening assays.

Potentially pathogenic bacteria found in nasal membranes, skin, hair follicles, and perineum of warm-blooded animals. They may cause a wide range of infections and intoxications.

Failure of equipment to perform to standard. The failure may be due to defects or improper use.

The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

A species of fruit fly much used in genetics because of the large size of its chromosomes.

Inorganic compounds that contain sodium as an integral part of the molecule.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

A systemic inflammatory response to a variety of clinical insults, characterized by two or more of the following conditions: (1) fever >38 degrees C or HYPOTHERMIA 90 beat/minute; (3) tachypnea >24 breaths/minute; (4) LEUKOCYTOSIS >12,000 cells/cubic mm or 10% immature forms. While usually related to infection, SIRS can also be associated with noninfectious insults such as TRAUMA; BURNS; or PANCREATITIS. If infection is involved, a patient with SIRS is said to have SEPSIS.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Cardiac electrical stimulators that apply brief high-voltage electroshocks to the HEART. These stimulators are used to restore normal rhythm and contractile function in hearts of patients who are experiencing VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION or ventricular tachycardia (TACHYCARDIA, VENTRICULAR) that is not accompanied by a palpable PULSE. Some defibrillators may also be used to correct certain noncritical dysrhythmias (called synchronized defibrillation or CARDIOVERSION), using relatively low-level discharges synchronized to the patient's ECG waveform. (UMDNS, 2003)

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

The biosynthesis of PEPTIDES and PROTEINS on RIBOSOMES, directed by MESSENGER RNA, via TRANSFER RNA that is charged with standard proteinogenic AMINO ACIDS.

The non-genetic biological changes of an organism in response to challenges in its ENVIRONMENT.

Solutions having the same osmotic pressure as blood serum, or another solution with which they are compared. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed & Dorland, 28th ed)

Hydrocarbon rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.

A disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to potential damage. Indicators of oxidative stress include damaged DNA bases, protein oxidation products, and lipid peroxidation products (Sies, Oxidative Stress, 1991, pxv-xvi).

The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

A broad-spectrum antibiotic that is being used as prophylaxis against disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in HIV-positive patients.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

A general term referring to the learning of some particular response.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in fungi.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS supplying the abdominal VISCERA.

Immunologic method used for detecting or quantifying immunoreactive substances. The substance is identified by first immobilizing it by blotting onto a membrane and then tagging it with labeled antibodies.

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

The application of an unpleasant stimulus or penalty for the purpose of eliminating or correcting undesirable behavior.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

Proteins obtained from the species SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE. The function of specific proteins from this organism are the subject of intense scientific interest and have been used to derive basic understanding of the functioning similar proteins in higher eukaryotes.

A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

A condition characterized by the presence of ENDOTOXINS in the blood. On lysis, the outer cell wall of gram-negative bacteria enters the systemic circulation and initiates a pathophysiologic cascade of pro-inflammatory mediators.

The application of heat to raise the temperature of the environment, ambient or local, or the systems for accomplishing this effect. It is distinguished from HEAT, the physical property and principle of physics.

Learning that takes place when a conditioned stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus.

Hospital units providing continuous surveillance and care to acutely ill patients.

A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.

Death resulting from the presence of a disease in an individual, as shown by a single case report or a limited number of patients. This should be differentiated from DEATH, the physiological cessation of life and from MORTALITY, an epidemiological or statistical concept.

Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm.

The affective response to an actual current external danger which subsides with the elimination of the threatening condition.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

A vital statistic measuring or recording the rate of death from any cause in hospitalized populations.

NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).

Detection of RNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

Abnormally high temperature intentionally induced in living things regionally or whole body. It is most often induced by radiation (heat waves, infra-red), ultrasound, or drugs.

Personal care items used during MENSTRUATION.

Stones in the URETER that are formed in the KIDNEY. They are rarely more than 5 mm in diameter for larger renal stones cannot enter ureters. They are often lodged at the ureteral narrowing and can cause excruciating renal colic.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

A genus of cone-nosed bugs of the subfamily TRIATOMINAE. Its species are vectors of TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI.

A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

Any liquid used to replace blood plasma, usually a saline solution, often with serum albumins, dextrans or other preparations. These substances do not enhance the oxygen- carrying capacity of blood, but merely replace the volume. They are also used to treat dehydration.

Adaptation to a new environment or to a change in the old.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

A flavonol widely distributed in plants. It is an antioxidant, like many other phenolic heterocyclic compounds. Glycosylated forms include RUTIN and quercetrin.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

Drugs used to cause constriction of the blood vessels.

An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the ventricle below the BUNDLE OF HIS, either as autonomic impulse formation or reentrant impulse conduction. Depending on the etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal (sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of the atrial beating (AV dissociation).

Tendency of fluids (e.g., water) to move from the less concentrated to the more concentrated side of a semipermeable membrane.

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

The process by which chemical compounds provide protection to cells against harmful agents.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.

A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

A constellation of responses that occur when an organism is exposed to excessive cold. In humans, a fall in skin temperature triggers gasping, hypertension, and hyperventilation.

Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.

The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat).

Processes involved in the formation of TERTIARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE.

An acronym for Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, a scoring system using routinely collected data and providing an accurate, objective description for a broad range of intensive care unit admissions, measuring severity of illness in critically ill patients.

Starches that have been chemically modified so that a percentage of OH groups are substituted with 2-hydroxyethyl ether groups.

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

The part of a cell that contains the CYTOSOL and small structures excluding the CELL NUCLEUS; MITOCHONDRIA; and large VACUOLES. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990)

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

A disease or state in which death is possible or imminent.

Plugs or cylinders made of cotton, sponge, or other absorbent material. They are used in surgery to absorb fluids such as blood or drainage.

A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.

An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.

Proteins found in any species of fungus.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

A cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of B-LYMPHOCYTES and is also a growth factor for HYBRIDOMAS and plasmacytomas. It is produced by many different cells including T-LYMPHOCYTES; MONOCYTES; and FIBROBLASTS.

(13E,15S)-15-Hydroxy-9-oxoprosta-10,13-dien-1-oic acid (PGA(1)); (5Z,13E,15S)-15-hydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,10,13-trien-1-oic acid (PGA(2)); (5Z,13E,15S,17Z)-15-hydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,10,13,17-tetraen-1-oic acid (PGA(3)). A group of naturally occurring secondary prostaglandins derived from PGE; PGA(1) and PGA(2) as well as their 19-hydroxy derivatives are found in many organs and tissues.

A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria isolated from skin lesions, blood, inflammatory exudates, and the upper respiratory tract of humans. It is a group A hemolytic Streptococcus that can cause SCARLET FEVER and RHEUMATIC FEVER.

Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation.

Pumping that aids the natural activity of the heart. (Dorland, 27th ed)

A group of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-galactosides. Deficiency of beta-Galactosidase A1 may cause GANGLIOSIDOSIS, GM1.

A CALCIUM-independent subtype of nitric oxide synthase that may play a role in immune function. It is an inducible enzyme whose expression is transcriptionally regulated by a variety of CYTOKINES.

Health care provided to a critically ill patient during a medical emergency or crisis.

A group of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of ATP. The hydrolysis reaction is usually coupled with another function such as transporting Ca(2+) across a membrane. These enzymes may be dependent on Ca(2+), Mg(2+), anions, H+, or DNA.

The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

Innate response elicited by sensory stimuli associated with a threatening situation, or actual confrontation with an enemy.

The artificial substitution of heart and lung action as indicated for HEART ARREST resulting from electric shock, DROWNING, respiratory arrest, or other causes. The two major components of cardiopulmonary resuscitation are artificial ventilation (RESPIRATION, ARTIFICIAL) and closed-chest CARDIAC MASSAGE.

Hybridization of a nucleic acid sample to a very large set of OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES, which have been attached individually in columns and rows to a solid support, to determine a BASE SEQUENCE, or to detect variations in a gene sequence, GENE EXPRESSION, or for GENE MAPPING.

A strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

Enhanced Th1 activity and development of chronic enterocolitis in mice devoid of Stat3 in macrophages and neutrophils. (1/2106)

We have generated mice with a cell type-specific disruption of the Stat3 gene in macrophages and neutrophils. The mutant mice are highly susceptible to endotoxin shock with increased production of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF alpha, IL-1, IFN gamma, and IL-6. Endotoxin-induced production of inflammatory cytokines is augmented because the suppressive effects of IL-10 on inflammatory cytokine production from macrophages and neutrophils are completely abolished. The mice show a polarized immune response toward the Th1 type and develop chronic enterocolitis with age. Taken together, Stat3 plays a critical role in deactivation of macrophages and neutrophils mainly exerted by IL-10. (+info)

Role of nitric oxide in lipopolysaccharide-induced hepatic injury in D-galactosamine-sensitized mice as an experimental endotoxic shock model. (2/2106)

The role of nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatic injury was studied in D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-sensitized mice. The inducible isoform of NO synthase (iNOS) was immunohistochemically detected on hepatocytes around blood vessels in livers of mice injected with D-GalN and LPS not on hepatocytes in mice injected with D-GalN or LPS alone, although mRNA for iNOS was found in those mice. Nitrotyrosine (NT) was also found in livers of mice injected with D-GalN and LPS. The localization of NT was consistent with that of iNOS, and the time courses of NT and iNOS expression were almost the same. Expression of iNOS and NT was detected exclusively in the hepatic lesions of mice injected with D-GalN and LPS. Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha neutralizing antibody inhibited iNOS and NT expression and hepatic injury. The results suggested that NO from iNOS may play a role in LPS-induced hepatic injury on D-GalN-sensitized mice as an experimental endotoxic shock model. (+info)

Neutralization of endotoxin in vitro and in vivo by a human lactoferrin-derived peptide. (3/2106)

Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) is the major pathogenic factor of gram-negative septic shock, and endotoxin-induced death is associated with the host overproduction of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). In the search for new antiendotoxin molecules, we studied the endotoxin-neutralizing capacity of a human lactoferrin-derived 33-mer synthetic peptide (GRRRRSVQWCAVSQPEATKCFQWQRNMRKVRGP; designated LF-33) representing the minimal sequence for lactoferrin binding to glycosaminoglycans. LF-33 inhibited the coagulation of the Limulus amebocyte lysate and the secretion of TNF-alpha by RAW 264.7 cells induced by lipid A and four different endotoxins with a potency comparable to that of polymyxin B. The first six residues at the N terminus of LF-33 were critical for its antiendotoxin activity. The endotoxin-neutralizing capacity of LF-33 and polymyxin B was attenuated by human serum. Coinjection of Escherichia coli LPS (125 ng) with LF-33 (2.5 microg) dramatically reduced the lethality of LPS in the galactosamine-sensitized mouse model. Significant protection of the mice against the lethal LPS challenge was also observed when LF-33 (100 microg) was given intravenously after intraperitoneal injection of LPS. Protection was correlated with a reduction in TNF-alpha levels in the mouse serum. These results demonstrate the endotoxin-neutralizing capability of LF-33 in vitro and in vivo and its potential use for the treatment of endotoxin-induced septic shock. (+info)

In vivo isolated kidney perfusion with tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in tumour-bearing rats. (4/2106)

Isolated perfusion of the extremities with high-dose tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) plus melphalan leads to dramatic tumour response in patients with irresectable soft tissue sarcoma or multiple melanoma in transit metastases. We developed in vivo isolated organ perfusion models to determine whether similar tumour responses in solid organ tumours can be obtained with this regimen. Here, we describe the technique of isolated kidney perfusion. We studied the feasibility of a perfusion with TNF-alpha and assessed its anti-tumour effects in tumour models differing in tumour vasculature. The maximal tolerated dose (MTD) proved to be only 1 microg TNF-alpha. Higher doses appeared to induce renal failure and a secondary cytokine release with fatal respiratory and septic shock-like symptoms. In vitro, the combination of TNF-alpha and melphalan did not result in a synergistic growth-inhibiting effect on CC 531 colon adenocarcinoma cells, whereas an additive effect was observed on osteosarcoma ROS-1 cells. In vivo isolated kidney perfusion, with TNF-alpha alone or in combination with melphalan, did not result in a significant anti-tumour response in either tumour model in a subrenal capsule assay. We conclude that, because of the susceptibility of the kidney to perfusion with TNF-alpha, the minimal threshold concentration of TNF-alpha to exert its anti-tumour effects was not reached. The applicability of TNF-alpha in isolated kidney perfusion for human tumours seems, therefore, questionable. (+info)

Resistance of CD7-deficient mice to lipopolysaccharide-induced shock syndromes. (5/2106)

CD7 is an immunoglobulin superfamily molecule involved in T and natural killer (NK) cell activation and cytokine production. CD7-deficient animals develop normally but have antigen-specific defects in interferon (IFN)-gamma production and CD8(+) CTL generation. To determine the in vivo role of CD7 in systems dependent on IFN-gamma, the response of CD7-deficient mice to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced shock syndromes was studied. In the high-dose LPS-induced shock model, 67% of CD7-deficient mice survived LPS injection, whereas 19% of control C57BL/6 mice survived LPS challenge (P < 0.001). CD7-deficient or C57BL/6 control mice were next injected with low-dose LPS (1 microgram plus 8 mg D-galactosamine [D-gal] per mouse) and monitored for survival. All CD7-deficient mice were alive 72 h after injection of LPS compared with 20% of C57BL/6 control mice (P < 0.001). After injection of LPS and D-gal, CD7-deficient mice had decreased serum IFN-gamma and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels compared with control C57BL/6 mice (P < 0.001). Steady-state mRNA levels for IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in liver tissue were also significantly decreased in CD7-deficient mice compared with controls (P < 0.05). In contrast, CD7-deficient animals had normal liver interleukin (IL)-12, IL-18, and interleukin 1 converting enzyme (ICE) mRNA levels, and CD7-deficient splenocytes had normal IFN-gamma responses when stimulated with IL-12 and IL-18 in vitro. NK1.1(+)/ CD3(+) T cells are known to be key effector cells in the pathogenesis of toxic shock. Phenotypic analysis of liver mononuclear cells revealed that CD7-deficient mice had fewer numbers of liver NK1.1(+)/CD3(+) T cells (1.5 +/- 0.3 x 10(5)) versus C57BL/6 control mice (3.7 +/- 0.8 x 10(5); P < 0.05), whereas numbers of liver NK1.1(+)/CD3(-) NK cells were not different from controls. Thus, targeted disruption of CD7 leads to a selective deficiency of liver NK1.1(+)/ CD3(+) T cells, and is associated with resistance to LPS shock. These data suggest that CD7 is a key molecule in the inflammatory response leading to LPS-induced shock. (+info)

The flesh-eating bacterium: what's next? (6/2106)

Since the 1980s, there has been a marked increase in the recognition and reporting of highly invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) infections associated with shock and organ failure, with or without necrotizing fasciitis. Such dramatic cases have been defined as streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (StrepTSS). Strains of GAS isolated from patients with invasive disease have been predominantly M types 1 and 3, which produce either pyrogenic exotoxin A or B or both. The clinical and demographic features of streptococcal bacteremia, myositis, and necrotizing fasciitis are presented and compared with those of StrepTSS. Current concepts in the pathogenesis of invasive streptococcal infection will be presented, with emphasis on the interaction between GAS virulence factors and host defense mechanisms. Finally, new concepts in the treatment of StrepTSS will be discussed. (+info)

A novel receptor tyrosine kinase, Mer, inhibits TNF-alpha production and lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxic shock. (7/2106)

The regulation of monocyte function and the inhibition of TNF-alpha production during bacterial sepsis are critical in attenuating adverse host responses to endotoxemia. To study the function of a novel receptor tyrosine kinase, mer, that is expressed in monocytes, we generated mice (merkd) that lack the signaling tyrosine kinase domain. Upon LPS challenge, merkd animals died of endotoxic shock (15/17, 88.2%), whereas control wild-type mice survived (1/15, 6.7% died). Susceptible merkd mice exhibited edema, leukocyte infiltration, and signs of endotoxic shock that correlated with higher levels of TNF-alpha found in the serum of merkd mice as compared with wild-type control animals. Death due to LPS-induced endotoxic shock in merkd mice was blocked by administration of anti-TNF-alpha Ab, suggesting that overproduction of this cytokine was principally responsible for the heightened suseptibility. The increase in TNF-alpha production appeared to be the result of a substantial increase in the LPS-dependent activation of NF-kappa B nuclear translocation resulting in greater TNF-alpha production by macrophages from merkd mice. Thus, Mer receptor tyrosine kinase signaling participates in a novel inhibitory pathway in macrophages important for regulating TNF-alpha secretion and attenuating endotoxic shock. (+info)

Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate prevents I-kappaB degradation and reduces microvascular injury induced by lipopolysaccharide in multiple organs. (8/2106)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a key mediator of multiple organ injury observed in septic shock. The mechanisms responsible for LPS-induced multiple organ injury remain obscure. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the LPS-induced injury occurs through activation of the transcription factor, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). We examined the effects of inhibiting NF-kappaB activation in vivo in the rat on LPS-induced: 1) gene and protein expression of the cytokine-inducible neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1); b) neutrophil influx into lungs, heart, and liver; and c) increase in microvascular permeability induced by LPS in these organs. LPS (8 mg/kg, i.v.) challenge of rats activated NF-kappaB and induced CINC and ICAM-1 mRNA and protein expression. Pretreatment of rats with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, i.p.), an inhibitor of NF-kappaB activation, prevented LPS-induced I-kappaBalpha degradation and the resultant NF-kappaB activation and inhibited, in a dose-related manner, the LPS-induced CINC and ICAM-1 mRNA and protein expression. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate also markedly reduced the LPS-induced tissue myeloperoxidase activity (an indicator of tissue neutrophil retention) and the LPS-induced increase in microvascular permeability in these organs. These results demonstrate that NF-kappaB activation is an important in vivo mechanism mediating LPS-induced CINC and ICAM-1 expression, as well as neutrophil recruitment, and the subsequent organ injury. Thus, inhibition of NF-kappaB activation may be an important strategy for the treatment of sepsis-induced multiple organ injury. (+info)

Septic treatment protocol and diagnostic tools have been created due to the potentially severe outcome septic shock. For ... Tsiotou AG, Sakorafas GH, Anagnostopoulos G, Bramis J (March 2005). "Septic shock; current pathogenetic concepts from a ... In septic patients, these clinical signs can also be seen in other proinflammatory conditions, such as trauma, burns, ... The SIRS criteria are guidelines set in place to ensure septic patients receive care as early as possible. In cases caused by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_inflammatory_response_syndrome

Septic shock. ... bites Anaphylaxis associated with stings Hypovolemic shock (due ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wilderness_medical_emergencies

"Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock". New England Journal of Medicine. 369 (9): 840-851. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1208623. PMID 23984731. ... RNCHAMPS (pronounced "R, N, champs") is a mnemonic acronym used to recall the types of shock. The mnemonic is alternately known ... "Shock" (PDF). Huntington Memorial Hospital. Retrieved February 1, 2016. Kounis NG, Soufras GD, et al. (2013). "Anaphylactic ... Vincent J-L; De Backer D 2013 (2013). "Circulatory Shock" (PDF). New England Journal of Medicine. 369 (18): 1726-1734. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNCHAMPS

Septic shock may also develop. Shock of mixed character (with signs of both hypovolemic and septic shock) are more common in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmonellosis

Shock sequence. SIRS. Sepsis. Severe sepsis. Septic shock. Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Other shock. Cardiogenic shock ... Distributive shock. Anaphylaxis. Obstructive shock. Neurogenic shock. Spinal shock. Vasodilatory shock. Organ failure. Acute ... In children an initial amount of 20 ml/kg is reasonable in shock.[56] In cases of severe sepsis and septic shock where a ... In those with severe sepsis and septic shock, this sequence of events leads to a type of circulatory shock known as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepsis

Sócrates, 57, Brazilian footballer, septic shock. Hubert Sumlin, 80, American blues guitarist, heart failure. Andrei ... "Shock as Mr Ebbo dies at 37". The Citizen. December 2, 2011. Archived from the original on April 29, 2012. Retrieved February ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_December_2011

Indications for use include norepinephrine-resistant septic shock and hepatorenal syndrome. In addition, it is used to treat ... O'Brien A, Clapp L, Singer M (2002). "Terlipressin for norepinephrine-resistant septic shock". Lancet. 359 (9313): 1209-10. doi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terlipressin

Septic shock is another possible complication. Minor leakage may cause irritation of the skin around the gastrostomy site or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feeding_tube

Shock sequence. SIRS. Sepsis. Severe sepsis. Septic shock. Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Other shock. Cardiogenic shock ... Distributive shock. Anaphylaxis. Obstructive shock. Neurogenic shock. Spinal shock. Organ failure. Acute renal failure. Acute ... Angus, Derek C.; van der Poll, Tom (29 August 2013). "Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock". New England Journal of Medicine. 369 (9 ... Drotrecogin alfa does not improve mortality in severe sepsis or septic shock but does increase bleeding risks. Therefore, a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drotrecogin_alfa

Septic shock can also arise. This presents with low blood pressure, increased heart rate, decreased urine output and an ... This septic thrombophlebitis can give rise to septic microemboli[9] that disseminate to other parts of the body where they can ... Septic phlebitis of the internal jugular vein, postanginal sepsis secondary to oropharyngeal infection, postanginal shock ... Pleural effusion is often present.[5] Other sites involved in septic metastasis and abscess formation are the muscles and soft ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemierre's_syndrome

Elsendoorn, Antoine (July 2011). "Catabacter hongkongensis Bacteremia with Fatal Septic Shock". Emerging Infectious Diseases. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catabacter_hongkongensis

Painful or inflamed joints can occur when the joints are involved.[citation needed] Septic shock can also arise. This presents ... This septic thrombophlebitis can give rise to septic microemboli that disseminate to other parts of the body where they can ... As a consequence, the most frequently involved site of septic metastases are the lungs, followed by the joints (knee, hip, ... Other sites involved in septic metastasis and abscess formation are the muscles and soft tissues, liver, spleen, kidneys and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemierre's_syndrome

Korneev, K. V. (18 October 2019). "Mouse Models of Sepsis and Septic Shock". Molecular Biology. 53 (5): 704-717. doi:10.1134/ ... Korneev, K. V. (18 October 2019). "Mouse Models of Sepsis and Septic Shock". Molecular Biology. 53 (5): 704-717. doi:10.1134/ ... Korneev, K. V. (18 October 2019). "Mouse Models of Sepsis and Septic Shock". Molecular Biology. 53 (5): 704-717. doi:10.1134/ ... of ischemic stroke Injection of blood in the basal ganglia of mice as a model for hemorrhagic stroke Sepsis and septic shock ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_organism

Korneev KV (18 October 2019). "[Mouse Models of Sepsis and Septic Shock]". Molekuliarnaia Biologiia. 53 (5): 799-814. doi: ... of ischemic stroke Injection of blood in the basal ganglia of mice as a model for hemorrhagic stroke Sepsis and septic shock ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_disease_model

Arturo Enrile, 57, Filipino general, septic shock. Arnold Feusi, 85, American-Canadian civil servant and political figure. Tony ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_January_1998

"Gemella morbillorum asa Cause of Septic Shock". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 22 (6): 1084-1086. doi:10.1093/clinids/22.6.1084 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemella_morbillorum

This includes severe sepsis and septic shock. Development and implementation of national guidelines relating to infection and ... from sepsis to severe sepsis to septic shock. It should also recognise the high mortality rate, of up to 60 percent, associated ... The panel found that hospital staff failed to adhere to clinical guidelines which relate to severe sepsis and septic shock. ... Daly, Susan (9 October 2013). "This shocking graph shows 13 'missed opportunities' in treatment of Savita". TheJournal.ie. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Savita_Halappanavar

Korneev, K. V. (18 October 2019). "Mouse Models of Sepsis and Septic Shock". Molecular Biology. 53 (5): 704-717. doi:10.1134/ ... Moreover, persistent virus infections (for example, herpesviruses) are activated in humans, but not in SPF mice, with septic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_testing_on_rodents

"Pharmacokinetics of oral fludrocortisone in septic shock". Br J Clin Pharmacol. 82 (6): 1509-1516. doi:10.1111/bcp.13065. PMC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fludrocortisone

... in adults with septic shock". The New England Journal of Medicine. 366 (22): 2055-2064. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1202290. ISSN 1533- ... 2017). "Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit". Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock. 10 (1): 37-46. doi:10.4103/0974- ... and Shock. 10 (1): 37-46. doi:10.4103/0974-2700.199520. PMC 5316795. PMID 28243012. Bruno, Jeffrey J.; Warren, Mary Lou (2010- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E._Wesley_Ely

"Fever control in septic shock: beneficial or harmful?". Shock. 23 (6): 516-20. PMID 15897803. Rantala S, Vuopio-Varkila J, ... "Antipyretic Therapy in Critically Ill Septic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". Critical Care Medicine. 45 (5): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fever

Mary Nissenson, 65, American television journalist, septic shock. Gordon Ogilvie, 83, New Zealand historian (Canterbury region ... Aberdeen shocked by death of well-known local Boxing mourns Suntele Gyász: elhunyt Szőke Kató, Helsinki kétszeres olimpiai ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_October_2017

... in children with meningococcal septic shock. European Pediatric Meningococcal Septic Shock Trial Study Group". Clinical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebacumab

Griselda dies of septic shock at the hospital; Liza shoots her brain to prevent reanimation. The group drives to the National ... Luciana is shocked at the news and is comforted by Nick. Later that night, Luciana visits Nick, and they both begin to kiss. In ... Nick begins to observe Luciana's community, and is shocked to see Luciana's people banish an infected man, where he voluntarily ... Davis, Brandon (May 2, 2016). "Jesse McCartney Shocks Fans With Fear The Walking Dead Villainy". Comicbook.com. Retrieved May 4 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Fear_the_Walking_Dead_characters

Ana González Olea, 92, Chilean actress, septic shock. Archie Hind, 79, British novelist. Hans Janitschek, 73, Austrian ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_February_2008

Julio Scherer García, 88, Mexican journalist, septic shock. Herb Simpson, 94, American baseball player (Seattle Steelheads). ... William Roffler dies at 84 Two-time Olympic judo champion Saito dies at age 54 Archived 2015-01-23 at the Wayback Machine Shock ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_January_2015

For this reason, many authors have suggested that etomidate should never be used for critically ill patients with septic shock ... Jackson, WL (2005). "Should we use etomidate as an induction agent for endotracheal intubation in patients with septic shock? A ... Annane, D; Sebille, V; Bellissant, E (2006). "Exploring the role of etomidate in septic shock and acute respiratory distress ... 2009). "The effects of etomidate on adrenal responsiveness and mortality in patients with septic shock". Intensive Care Med. 35 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etomidate

Griselda dies of septic shock at the hospital; Liza shoots her brain to prevent reanimation. Daniel visits a nearby sports ... To Strand's shock, Skidmark proves to be Daniel Salazar, missing since the destruction of the Gonzales Dam years earlier. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Salazar

"Septic Shock and Heart Failure Cited in Death". Zenit News Agency. 3 April 2005. Retrieved 6 May 2018.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_of_Pope_John_Paul_II

He died six days later of septic shock. Although he played in only forty-nine NHL games, the Thrashers named an annual award ... Six days later on October 5, he lapsed into septic shock and died, never regaining consciousness. Heatley was charged with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Snyder_(ice_hockey)

... septic arthritis, endocarditis, peritonitis, pericarditis, cellulitis, and brain abscess.[6] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S._pneumoniae

The widespread bleeding that occurs in affected people causes swelling and shock due to loss of blood volume.[94] The ... Viral replication triggers high levels of inflammatory chemical signals and leads to a septic state.[38] ... "Ebola hemorrhagic shock syndrome-on-a-chip". iScience. 23 (1): 100765. Bibcode:2020iSci...23j0765J. doi:10.1016/j.isci. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_virus_disease

Surviving this critical event sparked Durham's desire to raise awareness of septic shock and how it is treated.[13] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Fowler_Durham

Didi Tang, Associated Press, China's public shocked as magazine reports details of prisoner abuses at notorious labour camp, ... "from tending vegetables and emptying septic pits to cutting stone blocks and construction work."[44] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re-education_through_labor

This puts a patient at high risk of infections, sepsis and septic shock, despite prophylactic antibiotics. However, antiviral ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_Marrow_Transplant

... rapidly leading to peritonitis and septic shock. It is also a common procedure in cattle, and is one method of diagnosing ... Vigorous examination of the prostate in suspected acute prostatitis can lead to seeding of septic emboli and should never be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectal_examination

McEwen's shock declaration triggered a leadership crisis within the Liberal Party; even more significantly, it raised the ... one of Gorton's arm wounds had become septic and needed extensive treatment. However, he was more concerned about the effect ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Gorton

Shock sequence. SIRS. Sepsis. Severe sepsis. Septic shock. Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Other shock. Cardiogenic shock ... Distributive shock. Anaphylaxis. Obstructive shock. Neurogenic shock. Spinal shock. Vasodilatory shock. Organ failure. Acute ... For every hour a patient is denied AB therapy after the onset of septic shock, the patient's chance of survival is reduced by ... Low-dose steroids administered for septic shock in accordance with a standardized ICU policy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surviving_Sepsis_Campaign

Massive infection is likely to result in death from a combination of system-wide septic shock and the unintentionally damaging ... Progression to toxemia and shock is often very rapid. It can easily be noticed by the large, blackened sores that form, as well ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myonecrosis

Tracey and Cerami discovered the key mediator role of TNF in lethal septic shock, and identified the therapeutic effects of ... "Anti-cachectin/TNF monoclonal antibodies prevent septic shock during lethal bacteraemia". Nature. 330 (6149): 662-64. Bibcode: ... Clark IA (July 1982). "Suggested importance of monokines in pathophysiology of endotoxin shock and malaria". Klin. Wochenschr. ... Whereas high concentrations of TNF induce shock-like symptoms, the prolonged exposure to low concentrations of TNF can result ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TNF-alpha

The word tachycardia came to English from New Latin as a neoclassical compound built from the combining forms tachy- + -cardia, which are from the Greek ταχύς tachys, "quick, rapid" and καρδία, kardia, "heart". As a matter both of usage choices in the medical literature and of idiom in natural language, the words tachycardia and tachyarrhythmia are usually used interchangeably, or loosely enough that precise differentiation is not explicit. Some careful writers have tried to maintain a logical differentiation between them, which is reflected in major medical dictionaries[7][8][9] and major general dictionaries.[10][11][12] The distinction is that tachycardia be reserved for the rapid heart rate itself, regardless of cause, physiologic or pathologic (that is, from healthy response to exercise or from cardiac arrhythmia), and that tachyarrhythmia be reserved for the pathologic form (that is, an arrhythmia of the rapid rate type). This is why five of the previously referenced ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflex_tachycardia

In incidents where the patient is in full septic shock, whole blood smears may be effective. Immediate cleansing of wounds ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capnocytophaga_canimorsus

"IL-15 Enables Septic Shock by Maintaining NK Cell Integrity and Function". Journal of Immunology. 198 (3): 1320-1333. doi: ... One potential shortcoming of IL-15 SA was its enhancement of septic shock in mice.[36] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_15

Angus, DC; van der Poll, T. Severe sepsis and septic shock. 新英格兰医学杂志. August 29, 2013, 369 (9): 840-51 [2015-02-08]. PMID ... 分佈性休克（英语：distributive shock）. 全身型過敏性反應. 阻塞性休克（英语：Obstructive shock）. 神經性休克（英语：Neurogenic shock）. 脊髓休克（英语：Spinal shock）. 器官衰竭. 急 ... 146: Septic Shock. Tintinalli, JE; Stapczynski, JS; Cline, DM; Ma, OJ; 等 (编). Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive ... Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International guidelines for management

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/敗血症

Disease inevitably followed infection, meaning that death from septic shock could result from foot-binding, and a surviving ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foot_binding

... septic arthritis in the fingers, wrists, toes, and ankles; septic abortion; chorioamnionitis during pregnancy; neonatal or ... Pelvic inflammatory disease, inflammation of the epididymis, septic arthritis, endocarditis[1][2]. ... septic arthritis, meningitis, or endocarditis.[15] This occurs in between 0.6 and 3% of infected women and 0.4 and 0.7% of ... Synovial fluid should be collected in cases of septic arthritis.[34] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonorrhea

September 4 - Rogéria (pt), 74, actress and drag queen, septic shock.[139] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_in_Brazil

A symptom (from Greek σύμπτωμα, "accident, misfortune, that which befalls",[1] from συμπίπτω, "I befall", from συν- "together, with" and πίπτω, "I fall") is a departure from normal function or feeling which is apparent to a patient, reflecting the presence of an unusual state, or of a disease. A symptom can be subjective or objective. Tiredness is a subjective symptom whereas cough or fever are objective symptoms.[2] In contrast to a symptom, a sign is a clue to a disease elicited by an examiner or a doctor.[3] For example, paresthesia is a symptom (only the person experiencing it can directly observe their own tingling feeling), whereas erythema is a sign (anyone can confirm that the skin is redder than usual). Symptoms and signs are often nonspecific, but often combinations of them are at least suggestive of certain diagnoses, helping to narrow down what may be wrong. In other cases they are specific even to the point of being pathognomonic. The term is sometimes also ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symptomatic

"Septic shock after medical abortions with mifepristone (Mifeprex, RU 486) and misoprostol". CMAJ. 173: 485. doi:10.1503/cmaj. ... A few rare cases of deaths from clostridial toxic shock syndrome have occurred following medical abortions.[19] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_abortion

"Anti-cachectin/TNF monoclonal antibodies prevent septic shock during lethal bacteraemia". Nature 330 (6149): 662-64. Bibcode: ... Clark IA (July 1982). "Suggested importance of monokines in pathophysiology of endotoxin shock and malaria". Klin. Wochenschr. ... Mentres que as altas concentracións de TNF inducen síntomas de tipo shock, a exposición prolongada a baixas concentracións de ... "Shock and tissue injury induced by recombinant human cachectin". Science 234 (4775): 470-74. Bibcode:1986Sci...234..470T. PMID ...

https://gl.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factor_de_necrose_tumoral-alfa

... septic shock, and large abscesses.[18]. Mechanisms for SAE have been proposed. Though microfilarial load is a major risk factor ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loiasis

... international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock, 2012". Intensive Care Medicine. 39 (2): 165-228. doi ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranitidine

... septic shock) ଓ ଗୋଳମାଳିଆ ମାନସିକ ସ୍ଥିତି (mental confusion) ଦେଖାଯାଏ । [୫] ଏହି ମିଶ୍ରିତ ଲକ୍ଷଣମାନ ରୋଗ ସାଂଘାତିକ ହେଉଥିବା ସୂଚନା ଦିଏ ଓ ...

https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/ଆସେଣ୍ଡିଙ୍ଗ_କୋଲାଞ୍ଜାଇଟିସ

... with all the side effects of septic shock. This is known in the laboratory as the Shwartzman phenomenon. The intended effect is ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/TLR2

It is also the cause of septic shock and may play a role in many diseases with an autoimmune etiology. NOS signaling is ... It is the proximate cause of septic shock and may function in autoimmune disease. NOS catalyzes the reaction: 2 L-arginine + 3 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitric_oxide_synthase

Increased circulating regulatory T cells (CD4(+)CD25 (+)CD127 (-)) contribute to lymphocyte anergy in septic shock patients. „ ... Monitoring immune dysfunctions in the septic patient: a new skin for the old ceremony. „Mol Med". 14 (1-2), s. 64-78, 2008. DOI ...

https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limfocyty_T_regulatorowe

... an often-fatal complication of septic shock or other very severe illnesses or injuries). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_System_Atrophy

George Institute for Global Health to create a genomic resource to help develop personalised treatment options for septic shock ... Septic shock is a condition that kills 3.5 times more people each year than the national road toll - yet we rarely hear about ... Helping stop septic shock. With the failure of a one size fits all approach, UQ researchers are collaborating with The George ... Septic shock causes vital organs to shut down, and once diagnosed, life expectancy is less than 90 days for one in three ...

http://www.uq.edu.au/research/impact/stories/helping-stop-septic-shock/

Warm shock-the first phase Septic shock can be broken down into two different types of shock: warm (or hyperdynamic) shock and ... Septic Shock How to Detect it Early. written by Sharon C. Wahl, RN, MSN. The incidence of septic shock is rising-and ... Treating septic shock. If you have a patient in septic shock, you can expect his therapy to be geared toward these three goals ... What is septic shock? Sepsis septicemia septic shock. Can you define this terms? Theyre not interchangeable.. * Sepsis is ...

https://www2.hawaii.edu/~johnb/micro/m130/readings/SepticShock.htm

Septic shock is a serious condition that occurs when a bodywide infection leads to dangerously low blood pressure. ... Septic shock occurs most often in the very old and the very young. It may also occur in people with weakened immune systems. ... Septic shock has a high death rate. The death rate depends on the persons age and overall health, the cause of the infection, ... Sepsis and septic shock. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennetts Principles and Practice of ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000668.htm

His death was confirmed by Bob Gunnell, his long-time spokesman, who said the cause was septic shock due to natural causes. ... CCTV shows teenager being flung across high street in shocking hit-and-run ...

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/06/04/muhammad-ali-boxer-died-of-septic-shock/

... from septic shock and 8 dying from non-septic shock as well as 5 controls who had died suddenly from extracranial injury. ... The neuropathology of septic shock.. Sharshar T1, Annane D, de la Grandmaison GL, Brouland JP, Hopkinson NS, Françoise G. ... Abnormalities in septic shock were: hemorrhages (26%), hypercoagulability syndrome (9%), micro-abscesses (9%), multifocal ... The neuropathological correlates of encephalopathy and autonomic dysfunction in septic shock are unclear. We performed post ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14997934?dopt=Abstract

People with cancer can develop septic shock, which is a serious condition that occurs with widespread infection in the blood. ... Treating septic shock. Once the cause of septic shock is known, your healthcare team can treat it. People with septic shock are ... For this reason, septic shock can be a life-threatening condition.. Septic shock may also be called bacteremic shock or ... Septic shock. Sepsis is a widespread infection in the blood. Septic shock is a serious condition that occurs when sepsis causes ...

http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/diagnosis-and-treatment/managing-side-effects/septic-shock/?region=pe

Early and aggressive treatment of an infection before it releases toxins into the bloodstream is needed to prevent septic shock ... common infections has been underscored by the recent death of Muppet creater Jim Henson from blood poisoning and septic shock ... The incidence of septic shock has more than doubled in the past decade. Ironically, a significant percentage of that increase ... SEPTIC SHOCK MUST BE PREVENTED EARLY. By NYU School of Medicine For AP Newsfeatures ...

https://www.deseretnews.com/article/132558/SEPTIC-SHOCK-MUST-BE-PREVENTED-EARLY.html

In septic shock, there is critical reduction in circulatory function, while acute failure of other organs may also occur. ... Etiology of Septic Shock. Regarding the causes of septic shock, most patients who develop sepsis and septic shock have ... encoded search term (Septic Shock) and Septic Shock What to Read Next on Medscape. Related Conditions and Diseases. * Pediatric ... See Neonatal Sepsis, Pediatric Sepsis, Treatment of Sepsis and Septic Shock in Children, Shock in Pediatrics, and Shock and ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/168402-overview

Video Tag: Septic Shock. SAGES Webinar : Preparing for the ABSITE-December 2017. ... septic shock, sessile polyp, seton, sideroblastic anemia, sigmoid colectomy, sigmoid colon, skin, sliding hernia, small bowel, ...

https://www.sages.org/video-tag/septic-shock/

Capillary refill time exploration during septic shock.. Ait-Oufella H1, Bige N, Boelle PY, Pichereau C, Alves M, Bertinchamp R ... During septic shock management, the evaluation of microvascular perfusion by skin analysis is of interest. We aimed to study ... After a preliminary study to calculate CRT reproducibility, all consecutive patients with septic shock during a 10-month period ... After initial resuscitation of septic shock, CRT is a strong predictive factor of 14-day mortality. ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24811942?dopt=Abstract

Septic shock. Septic shock is a serious medical condition that occurs when sepsis, which is organ injury or damage in response ... Sepsis may be present, but septic shock may occur without it.[5] The precipitating infections that may lead to septic shock if ... refractory septic shock, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and death.. 35% of septic shock cases derive from urinary tract ... Septic shock is a subclass of distributive shock, a condition in which abnormal distribution of blood flow in the smallest ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septic_shock

We instructed physicians or nurses to start the shock clock for any patient with concern for severe sepsis or septic shock. ... Improving Adherence to PALS Septic Shock Guidelines. Raina Paul, Elliot Melendez, Anne Stack, Andrew Capraro, Michael Monuteaux ... Pediatric septic shock and multiple organ failure. Crit Care Clin. 2003;19(3):413-440, viiipmid:12848313. ... Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(19):1368-1377pmid: ...

http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/133/5/e1358

... and addressing this complexity as discussed by each of the contributors to Evolving Concepts in Sepsis and Septic Shock may now ... As a result, the mortality associated with this lethal syndrome, especially when complicated by shock, has remained ... Most importantly, it has helped define on several different levels the complexity of the septic patient. Recognizing ...

https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4615-1581-4

In a clinical study of 48 patients (19 with septic shock), those with septic shock had markedly decreased levels of C3, C4, and ... 2. Pathophysiology of Complement Involvement in Septic Shock. 2.1. Involvement of Complement Common Cascade in Septic Shock. A ... 3. Complement-Related Therapeutic Strategies for Septic Shock. Current management of septic shock includes early identification ... Involvement of Other Complement-Related Inflammatory Mediators in Septic Shock. The development of septic shock is ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2012/407324/

In septic shock, there is critical reduction in circulatory function, while acute failure of other organs may also occur. ... encoded search term (Septic Shock) and Septic Shock What to Read Next on Medscape. Related Conditions and Diseases. * Pediatric ... Sepsis or septic shock is systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) secondary to a documented infection (see Shock ... An 8-year-old boy developed septic shock secondary to Blastomycosis pneumonia. Fungal infections are rare causes of septic ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/168402-clinical?pa=Opef%2BlNo48v99M7Y6SFGtdidmceXYwQskYzR0f5LKhvQg0UFmhZ5CDLb6nMRpU%2F%2Frvq094bSxz8nRePFLzk7N4raOvOYYiJEe%2F8ly346vcc%3D

Though children are mostly spared, some adolescents developed septic shock due to COVID-19, a new study has found. ... What is septic shock?. The team revealed that the three adolescents with coronavirus infection manifested with septic shock, ... Adolescents with septic shock. The team studied three cases of septic shock in adolescents. ... Septic Shock, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Skin, Sore Throat, Throat, Toxic Shock Syndrome, Toxins, Vomiting ...

https://www.news-medical.net/news/20200524/Teens-develop-septic-shock-due-to-COVID-19.aspx

Purpose of Review The aim of this review is to analyze the cardiovascular pathophysiology of septic shock. Using visual ... 1992;86(2):513-21 The first study that addressed ventriculo-arterial uncoupling in human septic shock. CrossRefGoogle Scholar ... 2014;18(2):R80 The first study that addressed ventriculo-arterial uncoupling in human septic shock. CrossRefGoogle Scholar ... 2001;38(7):2028-34 The first study that addressed ventriculo-arterial uncoupling in human septic shock. CrossRefGoogle Scholar ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs40140-019-00322-3

... septic shock, refractory septic shock, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and death. 35% of septic shock cases derive from ... Septic shock refers specifically to distributive shock due to sepsis as a result of infection. Septic shock may be defined as ... The mortality rate from septic shock is approximately 25-50%. Septic shock is a result of a systemic response to infection or ... The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3) defines septic shock as a subset of sepsis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septic_shock

Organ Dysfunction that may be associated with septic shock Perfusion of the organs is reduced in patients with septic shock. ... Septic shock caused by gram-positive bacteria was not as common as it is currently. It is now more common because of the ... Patients with septic shock are most likely to develop ARF, followed by DIC, and then by ARDS. Complications include: ... Septic shock is a subset of sepsis in which profound circulatory, cellular, and metabolic abnormalities are associated with a ...

https://www.atsu.edu/faculty/chamberlain/website/lectures/lecture/sepsis2007.htm

Recalls Septic Pumps Due to Shock Hazard. WASHINGTON, D.C. - The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, in cooperation with ... Description: The recalled Zoeller brand septic pumps have a 20-foot black cord with a plug. The pumps have date codes 0906 and ... Hazard: The plug on the pumps could have a grounding problem that could pose an electrical shock hazard to consumers. ... Manufactured in: Philippines (Cord with plug), United States (Septic Pumps). Remedy: Consumers should contact Zoeller to ...

https://www.cpsc.gov/zhT-CN/Recalls/2007/zoeller-pump-co-recalls-septic-pumps-due-to-shock-hazard

... reports a study in SHOCK®: Injury, Inflammation, and Sepsis: Laboratory and Clinical Approaches, Official Journal of the Shock ... Some critically ill patients with septic shock need medications called vasopressors to correct dangerously low blood pressure. ... New Evidence on Timing of Hydrocortisone for Septic Shock The study included 1,470 patients with septic shock treated with ... SHOCK® is the Official Journal of the Shock Society, the European Shock Society, the Indonesian Shock Society, the ...

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-09/wkh-esi091420.php

Simvastatin in Patients With Septic Shock. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study ... vascular effects of acute inflammation in patients admitted to the intensive care unit requiring treatment for septic shock. ... may offer a new therapeutic strategy for clinical conditions associated with inflammation like severe sepsis and septic shock. ... Time to shock reversal as defined by cessation of vasopressor support , 1 hour ...

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT00450840?view=results

Protocolized Care for Early Septic Shock (ProCESS). The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of ... Septic shock is a condition of acute organ dysfunction due to severe infection, with a mortality of up to 50%. Current efforts ... Protocolized Care for Early Septic Shock. Brief Summary The ProCESS study is large, 5-year, multicenter study of alternative ... Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2001 Nov 8;345(19):1368-77. ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT00510835?view=results

... leads to septic shock. Bacteraemia is the leading cause of overproduction of tumour necrosis factor (TNF). Septic shock in many ... Immunoregulatory biological response modifiers: effect of cytokines on septic shock. Michael A. Chirigos1,3 and Claudio De ... Several monoclonal antibodies to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and anticytokines have demonstrated protection against septic shock. ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/1993/205624/abs/

If cortistatin, like somatostatin, proves safe in humans, it may be an effective way to treat patients who have septic shock.. ... A sleep-inducing neuropeptide can also inhibit lethal septic shock, according to Gonzalez-Rey and colleagues on page 563. This ... shuts down the synthesis of cytokines and inflammatory mediators by macrophages and protects mice against septic shock. Immune ...

http://jem.rupress.org/content/203/3/486

Find breaking news, commentary, and archival information about Septic Shock From The tribunedigital-sunsentinel ... The cause of death was septic shock. Can you enlighten us? -- W.W. Dear W.W.: The "shock" of septic shock refers to blood ... The cause of death was septic shock. Can you enlighten us? -- W.W. Dear W.W.: The "shock" of septic shock refers to blood ... Donohue: What is septic shock? How does one get it? My brother died from it. He was 76. - J.A.K. Dear J.A.K.: Septic shock is ...

http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/keyword/septic-shock

1 Abstracts with Shock: Septic Research. Filter by Study Type. Animal Study. ... Genistein protects against septic shock in a rat model. Oct 01, 2010. ...

https://www.greenmedinfo.com/disease/shock-septic

Find out more about the main differences between sepsis and septic shock. Learn more about the treatments available to help ... those diagnosed with either sepsis or septic shock. ... Sepsis and septic shock represent different stages of the same ... Learn what septic shock is, how doctors diagnose septic shock, septic shock signs, and what is done to treat septic shock. ... Septic Shock. Septic shock is a system-wide infection that causes low blood pressure and organ failure. Symptoms and signs ...

https://www.medicinenet.com/the_difference_between_sepsis_and_septic_shock/index.htm

Shock. Fibrosis. Liver Cirrhosis. Shock, Septic. Pathologic Processes. Liver Diseases. Digestive System Diseases. Sepsis. ... Terlipressin in Septic Shock in Cirrhosis. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study ... Liver Cirrhosis Septic Shock Drug: Terlipressin Drug: alpha adrenergic drugs Phase 2 Phase 3 ... Septic shock is a frequent and severe complication in cirrhosis. Current mortality rate ranges between 50 and 80% of cases. ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00628160?recr=Open&cond=%22Shock%2C+Septic%22&rank=15

Shock, Septic. Shock. Pathologic Processes. Sepsis. Infection. Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome. Inflammation. ... Simvastatin in Patients With Septic Shock. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study ... may offer a new therapeutic strategy for clinical conditions associated with inflammation like severe sepsis and septic shock. ... vascular effects of acute inflammation in patients admitted to the intensive care unit requiring treatment for septic shock. ...

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00450840

[ 1 ] Septic shock occurs in a subset of patients with sepsis and comprises of an underlying circulatory and cellular/metabolic abnormality that is associated with increased mortality. (medscape.com)
After initial resuscitation of septic shock, CRT is a strong predictive factor of 14-day mortality. (nih.gov)
As a result, the mortality associated with this lethal syndrome, especially when complicated by shock, has remained persistently high. (springer.com)
Septic shock is a critical clinical condition with a high mortality rate. (hindawi.com)
Our preliminary study of MBL-associated serine protease-2 (MASP-2) in septic shock patients indicated that acute decrease of MASP-2 in the early phase of septic shock might correlate with in-hospital mortality. (hindawi.com)
Septic shock is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among critically ill patients. (hindawi.com)
Despite the use of potent antibiotics and improved intensive care, mortality rates of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock remain high (20-50%) [ 1 - 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Activated C3 fragments, C3a and C3b/c, were elevated in septic shock patients and correlated with mortality [ 9 - 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
Septic shock is a subset of sepsis in which profound circulatory, cellular, and metabolic abnormalities are associated with a greater risk of mortality than with sepsis alone. (atsu.edu)
Septic shock is "associated with significant morbidity and mortality. (bio-medicine.org)
Septic shock-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation is responsible for increased occurrence of multiple organ dysfunction and mortality. (bioportfolio.com)
Targeting a mean arterial pressure of 80 to 85 mm Hg, as compared with 65 to 70 mm Hg, in patients with septic shock undergoing resuscitation did not result in significant differences in mortality at either 28 or 90 days. (nih.gov)
Association of fluid resuscitation initiation within 30 minutes of severe sepsis and septic shock recognition with reduced mortality and length of stay. (teleflex.com)
In general, the mortality is 50% or higher when shock is established. (hubpages.com)
Short-term sepsis mortality ranges between 10% and 40%, and even reaches 30-60% in septic shock 4 . (nature.com)
Septic shock is associated with high mortality. (plos.org)
From a retrospective chart review of 91 patients with septic shock treated with norepinephrine for hypotension, ward mortality, 30-, 60- and 90-day mortality, standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and adverse events (necrosis and arrhythmia) were analysed. (plos.org)
Hallengren M, Åstrand P, Eksborg S, Barle H, Frostell C (2017) Septic shock and the use of norepinephrine in an intermediate care unit: Mortality and adverse events. (plos.org)
Friedman G, Silva E, Vincent J-L. Has the mortality of septic shock changed with time? (springer.com)
Mortality from sepsis and septic shock remains high. (cochrane.org)
To estimate the effects of IVIG as adjunctive therapy in patients with bacterial sepsis or septic shock on mortality , bacteriological failure rates, and duration of stay in hospital. (cochrane.org)
The aim of this study was to evaluate antifungal therapy and mortality in patients with candidemia and septic shock. (aspergillus.org.uk)
Conclusion: Septic shock due to candidemia was associated with significant mortality. (aspergillus.org.uk)
Septic shock is a serious and common health problem, associated with a more than 50% mortality rate. (the-hospitalist.org)
Patients with septic shock who received hydrocortisone plus fludrocortisone have a lower rate of 90-day all-cause mortality, compared with placebo. (the-hospitalist.org)
Lactate normalization within 6 hours of bundle therapy and 24 hours of delayed achievement were associated with 28-day mortality in septic shock patients. (bioportfolio.com)
Effect of a Resuscitation Strategy Targeting Peripheral Perfusion Status vs Serum Lactate Levels on 28-Day Mortality Among Patients With Septic Shock: The ANDROMEDA-SHOCK Randomized Clinical Trial. (bioportfolio.com)
Abnormal peripheral perfusion after septic shock resuscitation has been associated with organ dysfunction and mortality. (bioportfolio.com)
The metabolic and circulatory disturbances in patients with septic shock results in a high mortality rate. (bioportfolio.com)
CONCLUSIONS DrotAA did not significantly reduce mortality at 28 or 90 days, as compared with placebo, in patients with septic shock. (diva-portal.org)
The incidence and mortality due to sepsis and septic shock is directly related to the age of the patient, many of whom require ICU hospitalization. (the-hospitalist.org)
The effects of vasopressor agents or vasopressor combinations on mortality in patients with septic shock require further investigation. (harvard.edu)
Septic shock is a subset of sepsis with significantly increased mortality due to severe abnormalities of circulation and/or cellular metabolism. (merckmanuals.com)
A study from Mount Sinai West concludes that the overall mortality in septic shock has improved in the decade following the introduction of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) guidelines. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
Researchers concluded that the overall mortality in septic shock has improved in the decade following the introduction of the SCC guidelines. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

Septic shock is a life-threatening complication of sepsis (infection that has reached the bloodstream) and is a major cause of death in patients admitted to Intensive Care Units worldwide. (edu.au)
Septic shock can originate from a bacterial, fungal or viral infection and is notoriously difficult to treat. (edu.au)
Septic shock is a serious condition that occurs when a bodywide infection leads to dangerously low blood pressure. (medlineplus.gov)
Your doctor will try to find the cause of the infection and how severe septic shock is. (cancer.ca)
You may be given intravenous antibiotics to treat the infection that causes septic shock. (cancer.ca)
Early and aggressive treatment of an infection before it releases toxins into the bloodstream is needed to prevent septic shock," says Dr. Alexander McMeeking, a specialist in infectious disease at New York University Medical Center. (deseretnews.com)
While the prospect of someday being able to treat septic shock directly is encouraging, physicians can prevent most cases of septic shock through early recognition and appropriate treatment of infection. (deseretnews.com)
Detrimental host responses to infection occupy a continuum that ranges from sepsis to septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). (medscape.com)
Septic shock is a serious medical condition that occurs when sepsis , which is organ injury or damage in response to infection , leads to dangerously low blood pressure and abnormalities in cellular metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
Septic shock refers specifically to distributive shock due to sepsis as a result of infection. (wikipedia.org)
If an organism cannot cope with an infection, it may lead to a systemic response - sepsis, which may further progress to severe sepsis, septic shock, organ failure, and eventually, result in death. (wikipedia.org)
Septic shock is a result of a systemic response to infection or multiple infectious causes. (wikipedia.org)
The pathophysiology of septic shock is not entirely understood, but it is known that a key role in the development of severe sepsis is played by an immune and coagulation response to an infection. (wikipedia.org)
While complement is an important defense system against bacterial infection, earlier clinical observations suggest that activation of complement factors is associated with detrimental effects in septic shock, such as multiorgan damages and poor outcome [ 5 - 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Sepsis or septic shock is systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) secondary to a documented infection (see Shock Classification, Terminology, and Staging). (medscape.com)
A team of researchers from Children's Hospital of Geneva revealed the case of three adolescents who developed septic shock secondary to the coronavirus infection. (news-medical.net)
The team revealed that the three adolescents with coronavirus infection manifested with septic shock, which is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the blood pressure drops to dangerously low levels after infection. (news-medical.net)
Septic Shock - infection care? (rutgers.edu)
A new genetically engineered drug significantly cuts the death rate from septic shock, a quick and overwhelming infection of the bloodstream that kills tens of thousands of people each year. (sun-sentinel.com)
Septic shock occurs when an infection, usually bacterial, overwhelms the body's natural defenses, according to the U.S. National Institutes of Health. (bio-medicine.org)
Dr. Louis Saravolatz, an infectious disease specialist and chairman of the department of medicine at St. John Hospital and Medical Center in Detroit, also pointed out that it's possible the inflammation seen with septic shock may be part of the body's natural defense, and "maybe it's helping us fight infection. (bio-medicine.org)
The incidence of septic shock was reversed more quickly in the corticosteroid group, but this benefit was offset by additional episodes of "super-infection" with new sepsis and septic shock. (bio-medicine.org)
WEDNESDAY, Oct. 10, 2018 -- When serious infection gives rise to septic shock, the resulting plunge in blood pressure can cripple kidney function, necessitating immediate dialysis. (drugs.com)
Septic shock is a common syndrome caused by the body's response to an infection. (bioportfolio.com)
Septic shock after influenza infection in immunocompromised adult. (srce.hr)
Štular Ž, Jevšenak Peršolja M. Septic shock after influenza infection in immunocompromised adult. (srce.hr)
We believe that septic shock in our patient was a result of complication viral infection in immunocompromised host. (srce.hr)
Septic shock is caused by an infection that overwhelms the body. (winchesterhospital.org)
An infection of the lungs has spread throughout the body, leading to septic shock. (winchesterhospital.org)
Septic shock refers to an aggressive, full-body inflammatory response to an infection, and is common among the elderly and those with weak immune systems. (inquisitr.com)
Septic shock can also be referred to a widespread infection that causes dangerously low blood pressure and organ failure. (inquisitr.com)
Since in many patients septic shock is caused by focal infection such as absecess, necrotic bowel, necrotic gall bladder, infected uteru or pyonephrosis, surgical intervention to remove such infection is indicated even if the patient is desperately ill. (hubpages.com)
Unfortunately, the infection had a head start and caused the man to go into septic shock. (uexpress.com)
We treated a patient in whom an oral infection developed into septic shock, resulting in patient death. (dovepress.com)
METHODS In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial, we assigned 1697 patients with infection, systemic inflammation, and shock who were receiving fluids and vasopressors above a threshold dose for 4 hours to receive either DrotAA (at a dose of 24 mu g per kilogram of body weight per hour) or placebo for 96 hours. (diva-portal.org)
Many do recover from septic shock when the infection is treated adequately and its bad effect resolves. (healthtap.com)
Shock essentialy is very low BP and no urine output.And usually unconciousness this could be due to weakness of heart muscle (cardiogenic), severe dehydration and low intravascular volume (hypovolemic) or severe infection (septic). (healthtap.com)
Septic shock, the final of the three stages of sepsis, occurs when blood pressure drops to critically low levels as a result of an infection. (bustle.com)
A postoperative infection (deep or superficial) should be suspected as the cause of septic shock in patients who have recently had surgery. (merckmanuals.com)
An autopsy concluded his death was caused by septic shock from a deadly bacterial infection that had spread from the dog-bite wounds on his leg to his lungs. (prisonlegalnews.org)

showed that, in 12 patients with severe sepsis or septic shock, C3a (as well as C5b-9) levels were increased at the time of diagnosis [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
Learn more about the treatments available to help those diagnosed with either sepsis or septic shock. (medicinenet.com)
Aim: To evaluate the effects of terlipressin administration on hospital survival in cirrhotic patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Methods: Prospective, open labelled, controlled trial evaluating 72 cirrhotic patients with severe sepsis or septic shock who will be randomized to receive terlipressin plus alpha-adrenergic drugs or only alpha-adrenergic drugs at shock diagnosis. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Prospective, open labelled, RCT evaluating 72 cirrhotic patients with severe sepsis or septic shock (36 per arm) who were randomized to receive terlipressin plus alpha-adrenergic drugs or alpha-adrenergic drugs in the first 24h after septic shock diagnosis. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Effects on Survival of Terlipressin Administration in Cirrhotic Patients With Severe Sepsis or Septic Shock. (clinicaltrials.gov)
While establishing vascular access and initiating aggressive fluid resuscitation are very important when managing patients with sepsis or septic shock, prompt IV infusion of antimicrobial agents is also a priority. (teleflex.com)
Are you sure your patient has sepsis or septic shock? (renalandurologynews.com)
Cardiovascular dysfunction is common in severe sepsis or septic shock. (rug.nl)
We included randomized controlled trials comparing IVIG (monoclonal or polyclonal) with placebo or no intervention in patients of any age with bacterial sepsis or septic shock. (cochrane.org)
Many famous people who develop infections and sepsis (or their spokespeople) don't mention sepsis or septic shock when discussing their illnesses. (sepsis.org)

The aim of this review is to analyze the cardiovascular pathophysiology of septic shock. (springer.com)
This review article examines the pathophysiology of septic shock, with special attention to the concept of supply-dependent consumption and the implications this concept has for therapy. (biomedsearch.com)

Septic shock is defined by persisting hypotension requiring vasopressors to maintain a mean arterial pressure of 65 mm Hg or higher and a serum lactate level greater than 2 mmol/L (18 mg/dL) despite adequate volume resuscitation. (medscape.com)
These clinical observations suggest that C3 fragments released during septic shock may contribute to the development of fatal complications like profound hypotension and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), thereby leading to a more severe disease course and a poor outcome. (hindawi.com)
Duration of hypotension before initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy is the critical determinant of survival in human septic shock. (teleflex.com)
Finally, while septic shock is commonly described in adults as related to the presence of hypotension, pediatric intensive care providers have recognized the ability of children to maintain systemic blood pressure in the face of malperfusion consistent with inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues. (renalandurologynews.com)
Therefore, septic shock in children is not exclusively restricted to those with hypotension, but rather, the term is used to refer to any child with severe sepsis whose organ dysfunction involves the cardiovascular system as defined above. (renalandurologynews.com)
Both patients exhibited acute hypotonia, apnea, hypotension, and refractory bradycardia mimicking septic shock syndrome. (aappublications.org)
Norepinephrine is an accepted treatment for hypotension in septic shock. (plos.org)

Septic shock may be regarded as a stage of SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome), in which sepsis, severe sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) represent different stages of a pathophysiological process. (wikipedia.org)
Diagnosis of septic shock based on the presence of data compatible with systemic inflammatory response syndrome, a mean arterial pressure below 60 mmHg during more than 1 hour despite adequate fluid resuscitation, and need for circulatory support with vasopressor drugs. (clinicaltrials.gov)
In preclinical models, nangibotide demonstrated the potential to restore the required inflammatory response, vascular function and improve survival after septic shock. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
Septic shock involves a widespread inflammatory response that produces a hypermetabolic effect. (wikipedia.org)

Early, goal-directed therapy (EGDT) is recommended in international guidelines for the resuscitation of patients presenting with early septic shock. (nih.gov)
Maximizing DO2 is an important part of the hemodynamic resuscitation of patients with septic shock. (biomedsearch.com)
The Surviving Sepsis Campaign recommends targeting a mean arterial pressure of at least 65 mm Hg during initial resuscitation of patients with septic shock. (nih.gov)

Finally, CRT changes during shock resuscitation were significantly associated with prognosis. (nih.gov)
Unfortunately, even with aggressive treatment, the prognosis is poor to grave once septic shock has set into the body. (pethealthnetwork.com)
Indeed, histone H3 proved a more efficient and sensitive biomarker for septic shock prognosis. (nature.com)
This method may be used for early septic shock diagnoses and for the prognosis of fatal outcomes. (nature.com)
To discuss the correlation between shock index (SI) and severity and the values to forecast the prognosis in patients with septic shock. (bioportfolio.com)

The hallmarks of sepsis and septic shock are changes that occur at the microvascular and cellular level and may not be clearly manifested in the vital signs or clinical examination. (medscape.com)
Basic and clinical studies suggest that activation of complements in the common cascade, for example, complement component 3 (C3) and C5, is involved in the development of septic shock. (hindawi.com)
Decades of basic science and clinical research indicate that complement factors are involved in septic shock. (hindawi.com)
The timing of clinical intervention is essential to the survival of septic patients. (atsu.edu)
In this situation, earlier treatment with hydrocortisone reduces the risk of death and other adverse outcomes, reports a study in SHOCK®: Injury, Inflammation, and Sepsis: Laboratory and Clinical Approaches , Official Journal of the Shock Society . (eurekalert.org)
Despite being more critically ill at baseline, patients who received hydrocortisone earlier had better clinical outcomes when compared to patients who received hydrocortisone later after shock onset," Dr. Sacha and coauthors write. (eurekalert.org)
Thus, simvastatin treatment may offer a new therapeutic strategy for clinical conditions associated with inflammation like severe sepsis and septic shock. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The study hypothesizes that there are 'golden hours' in the initial management of septic shock where prompt, rigorous, standardized care can improve clinical outcomes. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The study objective is to improve the management of septic shock by exploring the clinical, biological, and economic aspects of alternative resuscitation strategies. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The definitions and clinical criteria of sepsis and septic shock have been revised, per an article published February 23, 2016 in the Journal of the American Medical Association ( JAMA ). (ahima.org)
What might change is the clinical validation portion of sepsis and septic shock by both CDI and coding professionals. (ahima.org)
Epidemiology and Clinical Relevance of Toxic Shock Syndrome in US Children. (bioportfolio.com)
The number of deaths by septic shock in intensive care units is very high and is still increasing, despite numerous large scale clinical trials. (eurekalert.org)
The application of the novel combined therapy for the treatment of septic patients in the hospital may benefit from the fact that each of those anti-cytokine treatments is already in clinical use. (eurekalert.org)
https://www.networks.nhs.uk/news/severe-sepsis-and-septic-shock-clinical-audit-2. (medworm.com)
The aim of this study was to develop a novel method to detect circulating histones H3 and H2B in plasma based on multiple reaction monitoring targeted mass spectrometry and a multiple reaction monitoring approach (MRM-MS) for its clinical application in critical bacteriaemic septic shock patients. (nature.com)
Several clinical trials and literature reviews have been conducted to evaluate the impact of corticosteroids on the physiological markers and clinical outcomes of patients in septic shock. (bioportfolio.com)
To provide an update to the original Surviving Sepsis Campaign clinical management guidelines, "Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines for Management of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock," published in 2004. (unboundmedicine.com)

The hallmarks of sepsis and septic shock are changes that occur at the microvascular and cellular level with diffuse activation of inflammatory and coagulation cascades, vasodilation and vascular maldistribution, capillary endothelial leakage, and dysfunctional utilization of oxygen and nutrients at the cellular level. (medscape.com)

The gram-negative bacteria that usually cause septic shock are all normal, symbiotic residents of the gastrointestinal tract. (hawaii.edu)
Any type of bacteria can cause septic shock. (medlineplus.gov)

Septic shock occurs most often in the very old and the very young. (medlineplus.gov)
Septic shock is a serious condition that occurs when sepsis causes dangerously low blood pressure. (cancer.ca)
R.R. Dear R.R.: Septic shock is difficult to treat, and death often occurs. (sun-sentinel.com)
Septic shock occurs when adequate blood pressure cannot be restored despite treatment with IV fluids. (winchesterhospital.org)
Hemorrhagic shock occurs with a loss of blood and hypovolemic shock can occur with fluid losses, from diarrhea for example, without the loss of blood. (healthtap.com)
Septic shock occurs more often in neonates (see Neonatal Sepsis ), the elderly, and pregnant women. (merckmanuals.com)

However, many cases of septic shock cannot be prevented. (medlineplus.gov)
Most cases of septic shock are caused by gram-positive bacteria , [8] followed by endotoxin-producing gram-negative bacteria , although fungal infections are an increasingly prevalent cause of septic shock. (wikipedia.org)
The team studied three cases of septic shock in adolescents. (news-medical.net)
Most cases of septic shock are caused by hospital-acquired gram-negative bacilli or gram-positive cocci and often occur in immunocompromised patients and patients with chronic and debilitating diseases. (merckmanuals.com)

Go directly to an emergency department if you develop symptoms of septic shock. (medlineplus.gov)
The most common symptoms of septic shock include decreased urination, changes in mental ability, patches of discolored skin, the difficulty of breathing, abnormal heart functions, chills, low platelet count, and unconsciousness. (news-medical.net)
Do symptoms of septic shock in infants include hypertension? (healthtap.com)

The ADRENAL study is a multi-centre, randomised, blinded, placebo-controlled trial comparing intravenous hydrocortisone with placebo in critically ill patients with septic shock in intensive care. (edu.au)
We performed post mortem analysis of 5 brain areas susceptible to ischemia and 5 autonomic nuclei (AN) in 23 patients who had died in our intensive care unit (ICU) from septic shock and 8 dying from non-septic shock as well as 5 controls who had died suddenly from extracranial injury. (nih.gov)
People with septic shock are usually treated in an intensive care unit (ICU). (cancer.ca)
Frequently, people with septic shock are cared for in intensive care units . (wikipedia.org)
The aim of the present study is to test the hypothesis that short term treatment with simvastatin may mitigate the detrimental vascular effects of acute inflammation in patients admitted to the intensive care unit requiring treatment for septic shock. (clinicaltrials.gov)
WEDNESDAY, Jan. 9 (HealthDay News) -- Two new studies on the treatment of septic shock question the conventional wisdom of treating with corticosteroids, intensive insulin therapy or with the synthetic fluid replacement substance called pentastarch. (bio-medicine.org)
Standard treatment for septic shock includes antibiotics, intravenous fluids and vasopressor medicines (drugs to increase blood pressure)," explained the first study's lead author, Dr. Charles Sprung, director of the general intensive care unit, department of anesthesiology and critical care medicine at Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center in Israel. (bio-medicine.org)
German researchers recruited 537 people in septic shock and randomly assigned them to receive either intensive insulin therapy or standard insulin therapy or a modified Ringer's lactate solution versus a pentastarch solution. (bio-medicine.org)
PARTICIPANTS: One hundred eight of 144 eligible children who were admitted to our tertiary pediatric intensive care unit with septic shock from 1995 through 2005 and were alive in 2006 were invited to participate and visit our outpatient follow-up clinic. (biomedsearch.com)
With that in mind, the study researchers focused on nearly 500 adult patients admitted to a French intensive care unit during the early stages of septic shock. (drugs.com)
If you have septic shock, you will be admitted to the intensive care unit. (winchesterhospital.org)
The costs of septic syndromes in the intensive care unit and the influence of hospital-acquired sepsis. (springer.com)
A man 52 years of age was admitted to an intensive care unit in France for septic shock. (cdc.gov)
These dramatic figures have prompted intensive research to define the bacterial and host factors involved in the septic response. (wisepress.com)
Septic shock is a leading cause of death among patients in intensive care units. (bustle.com)

Septic shock may be defined as sepsis-induced low blood pressure that persists despite treatment with intravenous fluids . (wikipedia.org)
Once severe sepsis worsens to the point where blood pressure can no longer be maintained with intravenous fluids alone, then the criterion has been met for septic shock. (wikipedia.org)
Quality improvement (QI) interventions, including repeated plan-do-study-act cycles, were used to improve adherence to a 5-component sepsis bundle, including timely (1) recognition of septic shock, (2) vascular access, (3) administration of intravenous (IV) fluid, (4) antibiotics, and (5) vasoactive agents. (aappublications.org)
5 The fifth PALS time point recommends 60 mL/kg of intravenous (IV) fluids administered within 60 minutes of meeting the definition of septic shock. (aappublications.org)
In patients with septic shock who were identified early and received intravenous antibiotics and adequate fluid resuscitation, hemodynamic management according to a strict EGDT protocol did not lead to an improvement in outcome. (nih.gov)
This study has been created to compare the addition of intravenous (IV) vitamin C, thiamine, and hydrocortisone to the usual standard of care of sepsis and septic shock. (bioportfolio.com)
See also Shock and Intravenous Fluid Resuscitation . (merckmanuals.com)

The condition shares common features with known pediatric inflammatory conditions such as toxic shock syndrome, Kawasaki disease, bacterial sepsis, and macrophage activation syndrome. (news-medical.net)
Septic shock is caused by excessive and systemic reaction of the entire body against infectious agents, in most cases of bacterial origin. (eurekalert.org)
Severe sepsis and septic shock are the most serious compli- cations of bacterial infections. (wisepress.com)

September 14, 2020 - Some critically ill patients with septic shock need medications called vasopressors to correct dangerously low blood pressure . (eurekalert.org)

Is myocardial adrenergic responsiveness depressed in human septic shock? (springer.com)
Changes in CRH and ACTH synthesis during experimental and human septic shock. (doaj.org)

The original theory behind using steroid medications to treat septic shock was that doctors hoped it would reduce the inflammation that accompanies septic shock, according to Sprung. (bio-medicine.org)
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has awarded fast track designation to French biotechnology firm Inotrem's nangibotide programme, which is being developed to treat septic shock. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)

In any case, the use of corticosteroids in septic shock has remained controversial for decades, and numerous studies have been conducted, often with conflicting results. (bio-medicine.org)
The controversial role of corticosteroids in septic shock. (bioportfolio.com)

Few studies have demonstrated improvement in adherence to Pediatric Advanced Life Support guidelines for severe sepsis and septic shock. (aappublications.org)
We sought to improve adherence to national guidelines for children with septic shock in a pediatric emergency department with poor guideline adherence. (aappublications.org)
Prospective cohort study of children presenting to a tertiary care pediatric emergency department with septic shock. (aappublications.org)
1 , 2 The American Heart Association, in 2010, updated the Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) septic shock guidelines, although the standards for sepsis care have remained essentially unchanged for more than a decade. (aappublications.org)
Cardiac function in pediatric septic shock survivors. (biomedsearch.com)
CONCLUSIONS: In this small and diverse group of pediatric septic shock survivors, we found an excellent recovery of cardiac performance in most patients. (biomedsearch.com)
Pediatric septic shock guidelines and extracorporeal membran. (lww.com)

Therefore, our level of vigilance in identifying sepsis and septic shock needs to mimic, if not surpass, our vigilance for identifying myocardial infarction and pulmonary embolism. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
Authors: Wu P, Kong L, Li J Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of microRNA (miR)-494-3p in myocardial injury in patients with septic shock and the underlying mechanism. (medworm.com)
Although functional alterations are often described, the elevated serum levels of cardiac proteins and autopsy findings of myocardial immune cell infiltration, edema, and damaged mitochondria suggest that structural changes to the heart during severe sepsis and septic shock may occur and may contribute to cardiac dysfunction. (rug.nl)

If hydrocortisone is to be initiated in patients with septic shock, it should be initiated within at least the first 24 hour after shock onset, and ideally within the first 12 hours," according to the new research by Gretchen L. Sacha, PharmD, and colleagues of the Cleveland Clinic. (eurekalert.org)
New Evidence on Timing of Hydrocortisone for Septic Shock The study included 1,470 patients with septic shock treated with hydrocortisone at Cleveland Clinic ICUs between 2011 and 2017. (eurekalert.org)
About 39 percent started hydrocortisone within 0 to 6 hours after shock onset. (eurekalert.org)
Hydrocortisone is recommended for some patients with vasopressor-dependent septic shock, but there is ongoing debate over how and when it should be used. (eurekalert.org)
Some smaller studies have suggested hydrocortisone is more likely to be beneficial when started earlier after shock onset. (eurekalert.org)
Timing of hydrocortisone initiation in patients with septic shock appears to be crucial and hydrocortisone should be started within the first 12 h after shock onset," Dr. Sacha and coauthors write. (eurekalert.org)
The researchers conclude, "Future randomized studies should focus on the timing of hydrocortisone initiation, ensuring initiation within the first 12 hours from shock onset. (eurekalert.org)
The first study compared the use of hydrocortisone to a placebo in people in septic shock and found no improvement in survival rates. (bio-medicine.org)
Our study demonstrates that this adjunct therapy of hydrocortisone is not helpful for most patients with septic shock and, in fact, may be harmful. (bio-medicine.org)
To try to definitively assess whether or not steroids could provide benefit, Sprung and his colleagues randomly assigned almost 500 people in septic shock to receive either 50 milligrams of hydrocortisone intravenously every six hours for five days, or a placebo. (bio-medicine.org)
Low-dose hydrocortisone should be added to the treatment regimen for patients with septic shock that is unresponsive to IV fluids and vasopressor therapy. (the-hospitalist.org)

To make their discovery, Tadié and colleagues first used a murine model of polymicrobial septic peritonitis with fluid resuscitation and antibiotic administration, mirroring standard care for humans. (news-medical.net)

It's also risky because running a patient's blood through a machine to clear out toxins lowers blood pressure, and people with septic shock already have very low blood pressure. (drugs.com)
A unique, uncommon form of shock caused by staphylococcal and streptococcal toxins is called toxic shock syndrome . (merckmanuals.com)

The number of septic shock cases between each death from this condition increased after implementation of the QI intervention. (aappublications.org)
This paper also discusses additional complement-related pathogenic mechanisms and intervention strategies for septic shock. (hindawi.com)
However, even with appropriate and aggressive treatment, 20-30% of patients with septic shock will die if intervention is too late. (atsu.edu)

Marik PE, Linde-Zwirble WT, Bittner EA, Sahatjian J, Hansell D. Fluid administration in severe sepsis and septic shock, patterns and outcomes: an analysis of a large national database. (springer.com)
The SSC was implemented with a focus on improving outcomes in patients with sepsis and septic shock. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

J.A.K. Dear J.A.K.: Septic shock is invasion of the blood by bacteria. (sun-sentinel.com)
To establish the importance of HMGB1 in regulating sepsis-mediated neutrophil dysfunction, they demonstrated that neutralizing HMGB1 restored the neutrophils' ability to kill bacteria after septic shock. (news-medical.net)

With signs of impending septic shock, the patient was also treated with crystalloid buses, antibiotics, and inotropic support. (news-medical.net)
But clinicians know that not all patients need it, because in the first two days after septic shock strikes, a significant number who are treated with antibiotics and fluids alone can experience a "spontaneous" recovery without dialysis. (drugs.com)
Septic shock can make breathing more difficult, requiring emergency treatment with IV fluids, oxygen and antibiotics. (inquisitr.com)
Antibiotics in sepsis and septic shock: Like everything else. (lww.com)
Deaths as a result of sepsis and septic shock remain high despite giving antibiotics, especially if the functions of a persons's vital organs such as the lungs, heart and kidneys are affected. (cochrane.org)
The untreated dogs died within hours, whereas the dogs treated with antibiotics and steroids had a complete recovery from shock, and survived more than 100 hours. (the-hospitalist.org)

Oxygen transport in cardiogenic and septic shock. (biomedsearch.com)
Is there some differences between shock cardiogenic, shock hipovolemic, and shock septic? (healthtap.com)

[5] The precipitating infections that may lead to septic shock if severe enough include but are not limited to appendicitis , pneumonia , bacteremia , diverticulitis , pyelonephritis , meningitis , pancreatitis , necrotizing fasciitis , MRSA and mesenteric ischemia . (wikipedia.org)
60-year-old White male hx of cancer s/p chemotherapy becomes pancytopenic with consequent e. coli bacteremia and distributive shock. (studentdoctor.net)

Septic shock is a subclass of distributive shock , a condition in which abnormal distribution of blood flow in the smallest blood vessels results in inadequate blood supply to the body tissues , resulting in ischemia and organ dysfunction. (wikipedia.org)
Septic shock is present in patients who develop a sharp drop in blood pressure and other metabolic abnormalities, with a risk of progression to organ failure. (eurekalert.org)
Septic shock may lead to multiple organ failure and death. (winchesterhospital.org)
New Castle Police Chief Brad Catron died from septic shock due to pneumonia and multi-organ failure, according to the Henry County coroner. (fox59.com)
Multiple Organ Failure in Septic Shock. (wisepress.com)

To help you manage a patient like Mr. DeCristo, here's a look at the pathogenesis of septic shock, its signs and symptoms and the latest treatment and nursing care. (hawaii.edu)
Definition and Pathogenesis of Septic Shock. (wisepress.com)
Cytokines as Mediators in the Pathogenesis of Septic Shock. (wisepress.com)
The pathogenesis of septic shock is not completely understood. (merckmanuals.com)

Cardiac monitoring, noninvasive blood pressure monitoring, and pulse oximetry are indicated in patients with septic shock. (medscape.com)

Septic shock (also known as gram-negative sepsis or endotoxic shock) is fast becoming a major health care problem among hospitalized patients. (hawaii.edu)
Cortistatin protects mice against lethal endotoxic shock. (rupress.org)
What Is The Survival Rate Of Endotoxic Shock Victims? (hubpages.com)

Although more common in older adults and those with a weak immune system, sepsis and septic shock is becoming more prevalent and can happen to anyone. (edu.au)
Study selection Randomized controlled trials in adults with septic shock that evaluated different vasopressor agents were selected. (harvard.edu)

Eddie Reyes Integrated School (KERIS) with a diagnosis of septic shock," the local office of the Department of Education said through the official Facebook page of the Taguig government. (inquirer.net)
Patients with a primary diagnosis of septic shock at discharge were included. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

He was receiving an I.V. cephalosporin to prevent acute septic shock. (hawaii.edu)
Inotrem co-founder and CEO Jean-Jacques Garaud said: "FDA's decision to grant fast track designation to nangibotide development programme is an important recognition of both Inotrem's innovative therapeutic approach in the management of acute inflammation and the critical need for causal therapies in a severe condition such as septic shock. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)

Coding Sepsis vs. Septic Shock" ( Journal of AHIMA website ), April 2016. (ahima.org)

Elderly patients with septic shock treated with norepinephrine displayed a better survival in the ward and at 30 days than expected. (plos.org)

Hypovolemic shock can be treated with IV fluids to increase the bp, while hemorrhagic shock needs to have blood transfused as well to increase the BP of the patient. (healthtap.com)

Overproduction of tumour necrosis factor (endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide) leads to septic shock. (hindawi.com)
Endotoxin-Based Molecular Strategies for the Prevention and Treatment of Gram-Negative Sepsis and Septic Shock. (wisepress.com)
We report that DUSP3 is strongly expressed in human and mouse monocytes and macrophages, and that its deficiency in mice promotes tolerance to LPS-induced endotoxin shock and to polymicrobial septic shock after cecal ligation and puncture. (jimmunol.org)

Septic shock is generally conceptualized as a state of pathological immune hyperactivity . (emcrit.org)
The natural history of septic shock begins with immune hyperactivity, but this is followed by a rebound period of immune suppression. (emcrit.org)
Immune checkpoints are involved in the immunosuppression which often follows septic shock. (emcrit.org)
Stimulating the immune system in septic shock might not go exactly as planned. (emcrit.org)

The neuropathological correlates of encephalopathy and autonomic dysfunction in septic shock are unclear. (nih.gov)
In a second set of experiments, ex-vivo experiments were carried out to study the role of HMGB1 in neutrophil dysfunction in patients admitted to the ICU for septic shock. (news-medical.net)
The presence of a left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction during septic shock could favor harmful volume overloa. (bioportfolio.com)
The Mechanisms of Host Defense Dysfunction Following Shock and Trauma. (wisepress.com)

Funded trials will focus on a spectrum of health issues including treating fatal illnesses such as septic shock, evaluating a stem cell therapy for diabetes, and expanding stem cells from cord blood for efficacious and cost effective transplantation. (newswire.ca)
Septic shock is not always fatal, but in Ali's case, Parkinson's disease presented a crucial barrier to proper treatment. (bustle.com)
These studies show that the different contribution of ICAM-1 in the activation of either T cells or macrophages is decisive for the fatal outcome of the shock in these two models. (rupress.org)

5. Know the microbial triggers and the host mediators that led to sepsis and septic shock. (atsu.edu)
Gonzalez-Rey and colleagues now show that cortistatin treatment shuts down the synthesis of cytokines and inflammatory mediators by macrophages and protects mice against septic shock. (rupress.org)

The incidence of septic shock is rising-and hospitalized patents are prime targets. (hawaii.edu)
The incidence of septic shock has more than doubled in the past decade. (deseretnews.com)

Septic shock is a syndrome marked by altered hemodynamics decreased tissue perfusion and loss of cellular energy. (hawaii.edu)
During septic shock management, the evaluation of microvascular perfusion by skin analysis is of interest. (nih.gov)
[4] Low blood pressure reduces tissue perfusion pressure, causing the tissue hypoxia that is characteristic of shock. (wikipedia.org)

This condition is known as septicemia or sepsis syndrome, which can lead to septic shock. (deseretnews.com)

Quiz: Sepsis and Septic Shock - Merck Manuals Consumer Version (merckmanuals.com)

Sepsis & Septic Shock Contracted at a Hospital | Rasansky Law Firm (jrlawfirm.com)

Septic Shock: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology (emedicine.medscape.com)

Sepsis: Symptoms, Effects, and Causes (healthline.com)

6 Shocking Things Your Home Inspector Won't Check | realtor.com® (realtor.com)

Septic Shock Workup: Approach Considerations, Initial Laboratory Studies, Microbiology Studies (emedicine.medscape.com)

SEPTIC SHOCK MUST BE PREVENTED EARLY | Deseret News (deseretnews.com)

Septic Shock Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Complications (emedicine.medscape.com)

March 1985 - Volume 7 - Issue 4 : Critical Care Nursing Quarterly (journals.lww.com)

Types Of Shock | HubPages (hubpages.com)

July 1983 - Volume 5 - Issue 2 : Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal (journals.lww.com)

Narcan (Naloxone Hydrochloride Injection): Side Effects, Interactions, Warning, Dosage & Uses (rxlist.com)

Pathophysiology (emedicine.medscape.com)

CiteSeerX - Search Results - genome-wide expression profile (citeseer.ist.psu.edu)

Anatomy13

Organisms16

Diseases29

Chemicals and Drugs84

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment48

Psychiatry and Psychology7

Phenomena and Processes57

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science5

Health Care15

Enhanced Th1 activity and development of chronic enterocolitis in mice devoid of Stat3 in macrophages and neutrophils. (1/2106)

Role of nitric oxide in lipopolysaccharide-induced hepatic injury in D-galactosamine-sensitized mice as an experimental endotoxic shock model. (2/2106)

Neutralization of endotoxin in vitro and in vivo by a human lactoferrin-derived peptide. (3/2106)

In vivo isolated kidney perfusion with tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in tumour-bearing rats. (4/2106)

Resistance of CD7-deficient mice to lipopolysaccharide-induced shock syndromes. (5/2106)

The flesh-eating bacterium: what's next? (6/2106)

A novel receptor tyrosine kinase, Mer, inhibits TNF-alpha production and lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxic shock. (7/2106)

Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate prevents I-kappaB degradation and reduces microvascular injury induced by lipopolysaccharide in multiple organs. (8/2106)

Shock, Septic

Shock

Shock, Hemorrhagic

Heat-Shock Proteins

Shock, Cardiogenic

Shock, Traumatic

HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins

Heat-Shock Response

High-Energy Shock Waves

Hot Temperature

HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins

HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins

Chaperonin 60

HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins

Electroshock

Resuscitation

Cold Shock Proteins and Peptides

Electric Countershock

Shock, Surgical

Lactams, Macrocyclic

Benzoquinones

HSC70 Heat-Shock Proteins

Molecular Sequence Data

Heat-Shock Proteins, Small

Chaperonins

Molecular Chaperones

Transcription Factors

Osmotic Pressure

Superantigens

Time Factors

Sepsis

Base Sequence

Bacterial Proteins

HSP40 Heat-Shock Proteins

RNA, Messenger

Transcription, Genetic

DNA-Binding Proteins

Lipopolysaccharides

Fluid Therapy

Stress, Physiological

Cold Temperature

Escherichia coli

Defibrillators, Implantable

Amino Acid Sequence

Ventricular Fibrillation

Gene Expression Regulation

Enterotoxins

HSP110 Heat-Shock Proteins

Multiple Organ Failure

Anaphylaxis

Temperature

HSP20 Heat-Shock Proteins

alpha-Crystallin B Chain

HSP47 Heat-Shock Proteins

Disease Models, Animal

Chaperonin 10

Promoter Regions, Genetic

HSP30 Heat-Shock Proteins

Cell Line

Protein Binding

Endotoxins

Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Hypotension

Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional

Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial

Escherichia coli Proteins

Blotting, Western

Heat Stress Disorders

Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping

Avoidance Learning

Cells, Cultured

Hemodynamics

Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Sigma Factor

Arsenites

Bacterial Toxins

Mutation

Recombinant Proteins

Treatment Outcome

Saccharomyces cerevisiae