Shear Strength
The internal resistance of a material to moving some parts of it parallel to a fixed plane, in contrast to stretching (TENSILE STRENGTH) or compression (COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH). Ionic crystals are brittle because, when subjected to shear, ions of the same charge are brought next to each other, which causes repulsion.
Materials Testing
Dental Bonding
Osseointegration
Stress, Mechanical
Dental Stress Analysis
Bone Cements
Adhesives used to fix prosthetic devices to bones and to cement bone to bone in difficult fractures. Synthetic resins are commonly used as cements. A mixture of monocalcium phosphate, monohydrate, alpha-tricalcium phosphate, and calcium carbonate with a sodium phosphate solution is also a useful bone paste.
Surface Properties
Muscle Strength
Tensile Strength
Compressive Strength
Hemorheology
Resin Cements
Dental cements composed either of polymethyl methacrylate or dimethacrylate, produced by mixing an acrylic monomer liquid with acrylic polymers and mineral fillers. The cement is insoluble in water and is thus resistant to fluids in the mouth, but is also irritating to the dental pulp. It is used chiefly as a luting agent for fabricated and temporary restorations. (Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p159)
Muscle Strength Dynamometer
Adhesives
Leuconostocaceae
Rutin
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
Argon
Orthodontic Brackets
Small metal or ceramic attachments used to fasten an arch wire. These attachments are soldered or welded to an orthodontic band or cemented directly onto the teeth. Bowles brackets, edgewise brackets, multiphase brackets, ribbon arch brackets, twin-wire brackets, and universal brackets are all types of orthodontic brackets.
Laser Therapy
National Academy of Sciences (U.S.)
A United States organization of distinguished scientists and engineers established for the purpose of investigating and reporting upon any subject of art or science as requested by any department of government. The National Research Council organized by NAS serves as the principal operating agency to stimulate and support research.
Bentonite
Photoelectron Spectroscopy
The study of the energy of electrons ejected from matter by the photoelectric effect, i.e., as a direct result of absorption of energy from electromagnetic radiation. As the energies of the electrons are characteristic of a specific element, the measurement of the energy of these electrons is a technique used to determine the chemical composition of surfaces.
Research Report
Institute of Medicine (U.S.)
Identifies, for study and analysis, important issues and problems that relate to health and medicine. The Institute initiates and conducts studies of national policy and planning for health care and health-related education and research; it also responds to requests from the federal government and other agencies for studies and advice.
Dental Atraumatic Restorative Treatment
Glass Ionomer Cements
Dentin
Dental Enamel
A hard thin translucent layer of calcified substance which envelops and protects the dentin of the crown of the tooth. It is the hardest substance in the body and is almost entirely composed of calcium salts. Under the microscope, it is composed of thin rods (enamel prisms) held together by cementing substance, and surrounded by an enamel sheath. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p286)
Nanotubes, Carbon
Nanostructures
Nanotubes
Nanotechnology
Access to Information
Nanocomposites
Acid Etching, Dental
Dentin-Bonding Agents
Silanes
Mouth Protectors
Bacterial swimming strategies and turbulence. (1/1135)
Most bacteria in the ocean can be motile. Chemotaxis allows bacteria to detect nutrient gradients, and hence motility is believed to serve as a method of approaching sources of food. This picture is well established in a stagnant environment. In the ocean a shear microenvironment is associated with turbulence. This shear flow prevents clustering of bacteria around local nutrient sources if they swim in the commonly assumed "run-and-tumble" strategy. Recent observations, however, indicate a "back-and-forth" swimming behavior for marine bacteria. In a theoretical study we compare the two bacterial swimming strategies in a realistic ocean environment. The "back-and-forth" strategy is found to enable the bacteria to stay close to a nutrient source even under high shear. Furthermore, rotational diffusion driven by thermal noise can significantly enhance the efficiency of this strategy. The superiority of the "back-and-forth" strategy suggests that bacterial motility has a control function rather than an approach function under turbulent conditions. (+info)In vitro characterization and micromechanics of tumor cell chemotactic protrusion, locomotion, and extravasation. (2/1135)
The objective of this paper is to introduce some novel in vitro applications in characterizing human melanoma cell protrusion and migration in response to soluble extracellular matrix protein stimulation. Specifically, we describe two assay systems: (1) dual-micropipette manipulation and (2) flow-migration chamber. Applications of the dual-micropipet technique provided kinetic measure of cell movement, cyclic pseudopod protrusion, and subsequent cell locomotion governed by chemotactic molecular transport dynamics. Chemotactic concentration gradient was found to influence significantly pseudopod protrusion frequency and locomotion speed, but not the protrusion extension. To further characterize active tumor cell extravasation, a process that involves dynamic tumor cell adhesion to vascular endothelium under flow conditions and subsequent transendothelial migration in response to chemotactic signals from the interstitial space, we developed a flow-migration chemotaxis system. This assay enabled characterization of tumor cell transcellular migration in terms of chemotactic signal gradients, shear forces, and cell-substrate adhesion. Results suggest that shear flow plays significant roles in tumor cell extravasation that is regulated by both tumor cell motility and tumor cell adhesion to endothelial molecules in a cooperative process. (+info)Fluid shear stress remodels expression and function of junctional proteins in cultured bone cells. (3/1135)
We tested the hypothesis that fluid shear stress (tau) modifies the expression, function, and distribution of junctional proteins [connexin (Cx)43, Cx45, and zona occludens (ZO)-1] in cultured bone cells. Cell lines with osteoblastic (MC3T3-E1 cells) and osteocytic (MLO-Y4 cells) phenotypes were exposed to tau-values of 5 or 20 dyn/cm(2) for 1-3 h. Immunostaining indicated that at 5 dyn/cm(2), the distribution of Cx43, Cx45, and ZO-1 was moderately disrupted at cell membranes; at 20 dyn/cm(2), disruption was more severe. Intercellular coupling was significantly decreased at both shear stress levels. Western blots showed the downregulation of membrane-bound Cx43 and ZO-1 and the upregulation of cytosolic Cx43 and Cx45 at different levels of shear stress. Similarly, Northern blots revealed that expression of Cx43, Cx45, and ZO-1 was selectively up- and downregulated in response to different shear stress levels. These results indicate that in cultured bone cells, fluid shear stress disrupts junctional communication, rearranges junctional proteins, and determines de novo synthesis of specific connexins to an extent that depends on the magnitude of the shear stress. Such disconnection from the bone cell network may provide part of the signal whereby the disconnected cells or the remaining network initiate focal bone remodeling. (+info)Shear bond strength of a new dental adhesive used to bond brackets to unetched enamel. (4/1135)
The aims of the present study were to measure the shear bond strength of a new multipurpose dental adhesive, IntegraCem, for direct bonding of stainless steel and ceramic brackets to unetched enamel, and to determine the mode of bond failure. Both stainless steel and ceramic brackets (GAC) were bonded with IntegraCem to unetched extracted human premolars. After bonding, the teeth were either stored in a water bath at 37 degrees C for 3 days or passed 2500 thermocycles from 6 to 60 degrees C. Debonding was then performed with a shearing force using an Instron universal testing machine. The force was recorded at bond failure. The results showed that the shear bond strength achieved was between 6.7 and 10.8 megapascals (MPa). Bond failure occurred at the enamel-adhesive interface, enabling more efficient enamel clean up. The shear bond strengths measured suggest that IntegraCem adhesive may be effectively used in orthodontic treatment. (+info)Shear properties of passive ventricular myocardium. (5/1135)
We examined the shear properties of passive ventricular myocardium in six pig hearts. Samples (3 x 3 x 3 mm) were cut from adjacent regions of the lateral left ventricular midwall, with sides aligned with the principal material axes. Four cycles of sinusoidal simple shear (maximum shear displacements of 0.1-0.5) were applied separately to each specimen in two orthogonal directions. Resulting forces along the three axes were measured. Three specimens from each heart were tested in different orientations to cover all six modes of simple shear deformation. Passive myocardium has nonlinear viscoelastic shear properties with reproducible, directionally dependent softening as strain is increased. Shear properties were clearly anisotropic with respect to the three principal material directions: passive ventricular myocardium is least resistant to simple shear displacements imposed in the plane of the myocardial layers and most resistant to shear deformations that produce extension of the myocyte axis. Comparison of results for the six different shear modes suggests that simple shear deformation is resisted by elastic elements aligned with the microstructural axes of the tissue. (+info)Comparative analysis of various platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists on shear-induced platelet activation and adhesion. (6/1135)
Platelet accretion into arterial thrombus in stenotic arterial vessels involves shear-induced platelet activation and adhesion. The Cone and Plate(let) Analyzer (CPA) is designed to simulate such conditions in vitro under a rotating high shear rate in whole blood. In the present study, we evaluated various experimental conditions (including aspirin, temperature, and calcium concentration) and investigated the effects of small molecules along with peptide glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists on platelet adhesion using the CPA system. Concentration-dependent effect of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists on shear-induced platelet adhesion showed marked differences in potencies: IC50 = 34, 35, 91, 438, and 606 nM for DPC802 (a specific glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist), roxifiban, sibrafiban, lotrafiban, and orbofiban (free acid forms), respectively, and IC50 values of 43, 430, and 5781 nM for abciximab, tirofiban, and eptifibatide, respectively. Parallel study was also conducted to evaluate the effect of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors using optical aggregometry. The potency of fibans in blocking shear-induced platelet adhesion correlated well with their binding affinity to the resting and activated glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors, as well as their "off-rates". Nevertheless, none of these fibans was able to effectively block shear-induced platelet adhesion at targeted clinical dosing regimens except for abciximab. These data suggest that glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists that show similar efficacy in the inhibition of platelet aggregation in a static in vitro assay may differ substantially in a shear-based system of platelet adhesion. The clinical significance of this phenomenon awaits further investigation. (+info)Shear stress magnitude and directionality modulate growth factor gene expression in preconditioned vascular endothelial cells. (7/1135)
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to simultaneously monitor the transcriptional levels of 12 endothelial growth factor genes in response to alterations in wall shear stress (WSS) under conditions relevant to the development of intimal hyperplasia, a major cause of arterial bypass graft failure. METHODS: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were preconditioned in vitro under steady flow (WSS, 15 dynes/cm(2)) for 24 hours before being subjected to WSS at 25 (Delta = +10), 15 (Delta = 0), 5 (Delta = -10), 2.5 (Delta = -12.5), and 0 (Delta = -15) dynes/cm(2) or low magnitude WSS reversal (-2.5 dynes/cm(2)) for 6 hours. A focused complementary DNA array was used to simultaneously measure messenger RNA expression levels for END1, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3), platelet-derived growth factor A, platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGFB), acidic fibroblast growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta, vascular endothelial growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, epidermal growth factor, and angiotensin converting enzyme. RESULTS: Preconditioning significantly (P <.05) increased the fold expression of NOS3 (4.1 +/- 1.4), basic fibroblast growth factor (3.90 +/- 1.16), vascular endothelial growth factor (3.39 +/- 1.04), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (2.8 +/- 0.7) but decreased END1 (0.47 +/- 0.05) and PDGFB (0.70 +/- 0.04) messenger RNA expression levels relative to no-flow controls, an effect that was sustained on removal from flow for 6 hours. Notably, the ratio of END1/NOS3 expression was diminished (0.11 +/- 0.03) relative to that of cells maintained in static culture. Although few differences in gene expression from baseline (15 dynes/cm(2)) were measured in cells exposed to either constant (Delta = 0) or step decreases (Delta = -10, -12.5, or -15 dynes/cm(2)) in WSS, marked changes were seen in the group exposed to a step increase in WSS (Delta = +10) or to WSS reversal. Low magnitude retrograde WSS evoked significant (P <.05) transcriptional changes in multiple genes, including elevated END1 (4.1 +/- 0.5), platelet-derived growth factor A (1.5 +/- 0.2), PDGFB (2.3 +/- 0.3), and transforming growth factor-beta (1.5 +/- 0.2) levels, but depressed NOS3 (0.60 +/- 0.17) levels, and a marked increase in END1/NOS3 (6.7 +/- 1.6) when compared with equal magnitude antegrade WSS (2.5 dynes/cm(2)). CONCLUSION: These results support the implementation of a preconditioning phase for in vitro WSS studies to establish a physiologic baseline. Our findings complement previous macroscale findings and are consistent with a cellular mechanism involving increased END1 and PDGFB levels, but decreased NOS3 levels, leading to intimal hyperplasia at regions of low magnitude reversing WSS. (+info)Microrheology of human lung epithelial cells measured by atomic force microscopy. (8/1135)
Lung epithelial cells are subjected to large cyclic forces from breathing. However, their response to dynamic stresses is poorly defined. We measured the complex shear modulus (G(*)(omega)) of human alveolar (A549) and bronchial (BEAS-2B) epithelial cells over three frequency decades (0.1-100 Hz) and at different loading forces (0.1-0.9 nN) with atomic force microscopy. G(*)(omega) was computed by correcting force-indentation oscillatory data for the tip-cell contact geometry and for the hydrodynamic viscous drag. Both cell types displayed similar viscoelastic properties. The storage modulus G'(omega) increased with frequency following a power law with exponent approximately 0.2. The loss modulus G"(omega) was approximately 2/3 lower and increased similarly to G'(omega) up to approximately 10 Hz, but exhibited a steeper rise at higher frequencies. The cells showed a weak force dependence of G'(omega) and G"(omega). G(*)(omega) conformed to the power-law model with a structural damping coefficient of approximately 0.3, indicating a coupling of elastic and dissipative processes within the cell. Power-law behavior implies a continuum distribution of stress relaxation time constants. This complex dynamics is consistent with the rheology of soft glassy materials close to a glass transition, thereby suggesting that structural disorder and metastability may be fundamental features of cell architecture. (+info)
Effect of saliva on shear bond strength of an orthodontic adhesive used with moisture-insensitive and self-etching primers. -...
ASTM D6467 - 13e1 Standard Test Method for Torsional Ring Shear Test to Determine Drained Residual Shear Strength of Cohesive...
Shear bond strength of dentin bonding agents cured with a Plasma Arc curing light
Converging parallel plate flow chambers for studies on the effect of the spatial gradient of wall shear stress on endothelial...
Comparative evaluation of shear bond strength of two nanofilled posterior composites as core build up materials: An in vitro...
Реферат : Механические свойства элементов Периодической системы Менделеева
Ensemble Shear Strength, Stability, and Permeability of Mixed Mineralogy Fault Gouge Recovered From 3D Granular Models<...
What are compression mode and shear mode accelerometers, and how do I know which is appropriate for my application?
Rolling Shear Properties of some European Timber Species with Focus on Cross Laminated Timber (CLT): Test Configuration and...
Effect of ViscoStat and ViscoStat Plus on Composite Shear Bond Strength in the Presence and Absence of Blood
Pulsatile blood flow, shear force, energy dissipation and Murrays Law
Shear bond strength of different adhesives to Er:YAG laser-prepared dentin. | AVESİS
Glass-ionomer restoratives and liners: shear bond strength to dentin.<...
Blue clay slope angle in relation to some geological and geotechnical characteristics, Italy. | Quarterly Journal of...
Journal of Dentistry and Oral Hygiene - effects of different concentrations of bleaching agent on the micro hardness and shear...
The Journal of Adhesive Dentistry
The Journal of Adhesive Dentistry
Determine equivalent maximum shear stress in spring, Mechanical Engineering
New Adhesives Products - Page 4
Augmentation of wall shear stress inhibits neointimal hyperplasia after stent implantation: inhibition through reduction of...
Aneurysm Growth Occurs at Region of Low Wall Shear Stress. Patient-Specific Correlation of Hemodynamics and Growth in a...
GTC 1800-80-33 Fine Pitch Capillaries
Search Results | ASME Digital Collection
New Tool to Improve Geotechnical Site Investigation - Research Highlights - Joint Transportation Research Program
Analytical and numerical approaches to estimate peak shear strength of rock joints | KTH
Combination of plaque burden, wall shear stress, and plaque phenotype has incremental value for prediction of coronary...
The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice
Effect of Mechanical Surface Treatment on the Bonding Mechanism and Properties of Cold-Rolled Cu/Al Clad Plate | Chinese...
VJ Tech Ltd Ring Shear Testing System - On-Sample Transducers VJT9530 : VJ Tech Limited
Dynamic shear modulus of glycerol: Corrections due to instrument compliance - Fingerprint
- Texas Tech University Scholars
GPR68 Senses Flow and Is Essential for Vascular Physiology | FUJIFILM VisualSonics
The Relationship between Surface Roughness and Shear Properties of Rock Joints
Shear Behaviour of Rock Joints - 1st Edition - Asadul Haque - Buddhim
Patente US5104921 - Radiation cured polymer composition - Google Patentes
3M™ Adhesive Transfer Tape 467MP, Clear, 20 in x 60 yd, 2 mil, 1 roll
per case | 3M United States
3M™ Adhesive Transfer Tape 467MP | 3M United States
Mid-Rise Shear Walls and Diaphragms - WoodWorks
JVCC TR-2X Adhesive Transfer Tape
RAM Frame - Rigid Diaphragm Constraints and Frame Shear [TN]<...
MacLine® GCL
Shear force dowel Egcodorn® - MAX FRANK
Skull Cracker 3 Hole Touch Grooming Shears - Freebird Shears
JVCC DC-PEF12A Double-Coated Polyethylene Foam Tape .125In
Figure 25 | Experimental Study on Shear Failure Mechanism and the Identification of Strength Characteristics of the Soil-Rock...
Computational modeling of flow-induced alignment of nano-cellulose fibrils
Wilko De-Lux Swivel Grass Shears at wilko.com
Subcommittee D04.47 : Published standards under D04.47 jurisdiction
Spread Footings Under Biaxial Bending: A Complex Design Subject - Structural Engineering Software
6:00 am
Effect of thermocycling on shear bond strength of glass ionomer cements<...
Microshear bond strength of preheated silorane- and methacrylate-based composite resins to dentin | AVESİS
Repositorio da Producao Cientifica e Intelectual da Unicamp: Physicochemical properties and microshear bond strength of...
Influence of NaOCl deproteinization on shear bond strength in function of dentin depth<...
Shear bond strength of the Tenure Solution dentin bonding system.<...
Studying Shear Performance of Flax Fiber-Reinforced Clay by Triaxial Test
Effects of Wheat Flour Dough’s Viscoelastic Level by Adding Glucose Oxidase on its Dynamic Shear Properties whatever the...
Cytosolic Alkalinization of Vascular Endothelial Cells Produced by an Abrupt Reduction in Fluid Shear Stress | Circulation...
Shear Strength and Polymer Friction | SpringerLink
Discussion on Mackintosh-vs-vane estimation of undrained shear strength correlation for a sabkha clay of Saudi Arabia by D....
In vitro shear bond strength of adhesive to normal and fluoridated enamel under various contaminated conditions
Transient and Steady-State Effects of Shear Stress on Endothelial Cell Adherens Junctions | Circulation Research
Chapter 7 Monitoring Oxidative Stress in Vascular Endothelial Cells in Response to Fluid Shear Stress: From Biochemical...
Adhesive and Sealant Council
E-MEXP-1304 - Transcription profiling of Arabidopsis seedlings grown under thermocycles and/or photocycles or continuous...
Evaluation of an Orthodontic Adhesive with Combined Primer and Composite
Novel Approach in Sampling and Tensile Strength Evaluation of Roots to Enhance Soil for Preventing Erosion
Shear stress - Academic Kids
Grain Boundaries Softening Thermoelectric Oxide BiCuSeO - CaltechAUTHORS
Effects of disturbed flow on endothelial cells<...
All Faculty | Duke Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science
Attrition of paracetamol and aspirin under bulk shear deformation - Surrey Research Insight Open Access
Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction Technology - shear behaviour of palm kernel shell reinforced concrete beams...
In Vitro Shear Bond Strength of Self-Etching Adhesives in Comparison to 4th and 5th Generation Adhesives - PubMed
Local wall shear stress variations predicted by computational fluid dynamics for hygienic design<...
Polymerization with the argon laser: curing time and shear bond strength.
Faculty Collaboration Database - Revealing the role of phosphatidylserine in shear stress-mediated protection in endothelial...
Brevet US20040038058 - Laminated structures - Google Brevets
web-archive-uk.com: emkayplastics.co.uk - Emkay Plastics Ltd | Plastics Research
Plus it
Shear (sheet metal) - Wikipedia
Layering and shear properties of an ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate, confined to nano-films between mica...
17β-Estradiol Restores Endothelial Nitric Oxide Release to Shear Stress in Arterioles of Male Hypertensive Rats | Circulation
Shear Stress Activates p60src-Ras-MAPK Signaling Pathways in Vascular Endothelial Cells | Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and...
Evaluation Of The Effect Of Different Surface Treatments, Aging And En | CCIDE
Exact Lévy-type solutions for bending of thick laminated orthotropic plates based on 3-D elasticity and shear deformation...
Gulf Scientific
Materials | Free Full-Text | Influence of Interleaved Films on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Fabric/Polypropylene...
Brevet US5874137 - Organometallic solvent seaming of cellulosic materials - Google Brevets
Packham, D.<...
Publications Library | Civil and Environmental Engineering | UMass Amherst
Publications Library | Civil and Environmental Engineering | UMass Amherst
Fishing Forum
: Utah Fishing Forum: Utah Fishing General: TM C&R Tips
Patents | Bureau of Economic Geology
Shear Machine Price, China Shear Machine Price Manufacturers & Suppliers | Made-in-China.com
Geotechnical engineering
Shear strength The maximum shear stress that can be applied in a soil mass without causing shear failure. Atterberg Limits ... Stability is determined by the balance of shear stress and shear strength. A previously stable slope may be initially affected ... are calculated along the failure plane and compared to the soils shear strength as determined by Terzaghi's shear strength ... "Shear strength". NPTEL. Retrieved 24 August 2015. Terzaghi, K., Peck, R.B. and Mesri, G. (1996), Soil Mechanics in Engineering ...
Dislocation
shear strength τ. m. {\displaystyle \tau _{m}}. is given approximately by: τ. m. =. G. 2. π. .. {\displaystyle \tau _{m}={\frac ... and shear stresses, τ. {\displaystyle \tau }. . F. x. =. b. x. σ. x. x. +. b. y. τ. x. y. +. b. z. τ. x. z. F. y. =. b. x. τ. y ... is the applied shear stress, m. {\displaystyle m}. is a constant that decreases with increasing temperature. Increased shear ... The shear modulus in metals is typically within the range 20 000 to 150 000 MPa indicating a predicted shear stress of 3 000 to ...
Rock analogs for structural geology
DeGroot, D. J., & Lunne, T. (2007). Measurement of Remoulded Shear Strength. Norwegian Geotechnical Institute. Report, 20061021 ... Erdogan, F.; Sih, G. C. (1 December 1963). "On the Crack Extension in Plates Under Plane Loading and Transverse Shear". Journal ... Kenny, T. C. (1967). The influence of mineral composition on the residual strength of natural soils. TRID, 1, 123-129. Mitra, ... Hoover, S.R; Cashman, K.V; Manga, M (June 2001). "The yield strength of subliquidus basalts - experimental results". Journal of ...
Electro (Marvel Comics)
CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) "Shear Strength". The Spectacular Spider-Man. Season 2. Episode 4. July 6, 2009. Disney ... "Shear Strength". The Max Dillon incarnation of Electro appears in the Ultimate Spider-Man animated series, voiced by ... superhuman strength, and speed. Since his conception, the character has undergone several design changes, from his original ... causing him to increase in size and strength while his features become progressively more deformed. Inside the Temple, he ...
Plascore Incorporated
The resulting composite structure exhibits a high strength-to-weight ratio and shear strength. Shear strength is the measured ... 2009). What is the definition of "shear strength"? Plascore AS9100 and ISO-9001 Certificate "Plascore receives awards from CERN ... Plascore honeycomb is designed to increase shear strength while adding minimal additional weight. Plascore is a global ... where it allows boat designers to add strength to hull manufacturing and also save weight, for example by using thin layers of ...
Andrew Whittaker (engineer)
Luna, B. and A. S. Whittaker, "Peak strength of shear-critical reinforced concrete walls," ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 16, No ... Gulec, K., A. S. Whittaker and B. Stojadinovic, "Shear strength of squat rectangular reinforced concrete walls," ACI Structural ... doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:3(433). Gulec, K; Whittaker, A.S.; Stohadinovic, B. (2008). "Shear strength of squat ... Luna, B.; Whittaker, A.S. (2019). "Peak strength of shear-critical reinforced concrete walls". ACI Structural Journal. 16 (2): ...
Malla-yuddha
Bhimaseni focuses on sheer strength. In Sanskrit, mallayuddha literally translates to "wrestling combat". Strictly speaking, ... Hanuman, the god in Ramayana, is worshipped as the patron of wrestlers and general feats of strength. The Mahabharata epic also ... Matches were traditionally codified into four types which progressed from purely sportive contests of strength to actual full- ... size and strength. It also outlines how the wrestlers were to exercise and what they were to eat. In particular the king was ...
Rinaldo (opera)
Rinaldo, left alone, prays for strength. A sea shore. As Goffredo, Eustazio and Rinaldo near the magician's lair, a beautiful ...
Papercrete
... has very good shear strength as a block. Lateral load involves sideways force - the wind load on the entire area of ... However, its strength in model structures has been proven, and homes and small commercial buildings are being constructed. ... Papercrete has also been tested for its tensile strength. Fuller notes that a papercrete block is the equivalent of hundred of ... Dried papercrete has very low strength, but fails by slow compression (due to the large air content and hence compressibility) ...
John Burland
Burland, J. B. (1990). "On the compressibility and shear strength of natural clays". Géotechnique. 40 (3): 329-378. doi:10.1680 ... to deliver the 30th Rankine Lecture of the British Geotechnical Association titled On the compressibility and shear strength of ...
Jamestown Viaduct
CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) "Shear strength of slab". Railway Gazette. 1 October 2005. Retrieved 9 September 2014. ... 120 tonnes (120 long tons; 130 short tons) of steel and 600 cubic metres (21,000 cu ft) of high strength concrete were used to ...
Rankine Lecture
Burland, J. B. (1990). "On the compressibility and shear strength of natural clays". Géotechnique. 40 (3): 329-378. doi:10.1680 ... Hoek, E. (1984). "Strength of jointed rock masses". Géotechnique. 34 (3): 187-223. doi:10.1680/geot.1983.33.3.187. Wroth, C.P ... Bishop, A. W. (1966). "The Strength of Soils as Engineering Materials". Géotechnique. 16 (2): 91-130. doi:10.1680/geot.1966.16. ...
Love Is All Around
Its strength is its sheer simplicity. Any band would give their eye teeth to have a hit record like that. I'm very proud of it ... The song appeared in Get Real (1998) directed by Simon Shore, screenplay by Patrick Wilde. After its use in Four Weddings and a ...
Persistence (discontinuity)
Shear displacement takes place if the shear stress along the discontinuity plane exceeds the shear strength of the ... Shear displacement along the discontinuity can take place if the shear strength along the discontinuity plane is exceeded, and ... As intact material has virtually always far higher shear strength than the discontinuity, a non-persistent discontinuity will ... Discontinuity (geotechnical engineering) Rock mechanics Shear strength (discontinuity) ISRM (1978). "Suggested methods for the ...
Tinkerer (Marvel Comics)
In "Shear Strength", the Tinkerer helps upgrade the Vulture's suit. After Spider-Man discovers his involvement in Gwen Stacy's ...
Dermal fibroblast
To seal together tissues the human body uses collagen and elastin to obtain superior shear strength. Type I collagen which ... had shear strength of only 17.6 kiloPascals. Furthermore, another study performed at the University of California determined ... "A method to determine shear adhesive strength of fibrin sealants". Journal of Applied Biomaterials. 3 (2): 147-51. doi:10.1002/ ...
Scarf joint
Shear strength is assumed to be equal to σ/2. The following equations need to be adjusted if the shear strength is greater than ... However, α=45° will be stronger than α=90° if shear strength is greater than σ/2. The joint is strongest between these two ... The second equation accounts for failure in shear. Some special angles should be noted or the graphs of two equations should be ... The plain scarf is not preferred when strength is required, so it is often used in decorative situations, such as the ...
Thin-film drug delivery
The polymer should exhibit sufficient peel, shear and tensile strengths. The polymer should be readily available and should not ...
Tilt test (geotechnical engineering)
Direct shear test Shear strength Triaxial shear test Hoek, E.; Bray, J. (1974). Rock slope engineering. London: Institute of ... In geomechanics, a tilt test is a simple test to estimate the shear strength parameters of a discontinuity. Two pieces of rock ... ISBN 978-90-6191-109-8. Barton, N.R. (5-6 March 2008). "Shear Strength of Rockfill, Interfaces and Rock Joints, and their ... Phien-wej, N.; Shrestha, U.B.; Rantucci, G. (1990). "Effect of infill thickness on shear behaviour of rock joints". In Barton, ...
Material failure theory
This assumes that yield occurs when the shear stress τ {\displaystyle \tau \!} exceeds the shear yield strength τ y {\ ... If the uniaxial tensile strength of the material is σ t {\displaystyle \sigma _{t}} and the uniaxial compressive strength is σ ... Structural failure Strength of materials Ultimate failure Damage mechanics Size effect on structural strength Concrete fracture ... the prediction of the ultimate failure strength of a ductile material. Several models for predicting the ultimate strength have ...
Electric resistance welding
The bonded materials typically exhibit excellent shear and tensile strength, but poor peel strength. In a fusion bond, either ... The resultant bond exhibits excellent tensile strength, but poor peel and shear strength. Resistance seam welding is a process ... While the shear strength of each weld is high, the fact that the weld spots do not form a continuous seam means that the ... When high strength in shear is needed, spot welding is used in preference to more costly mechanical fastening, such as riveting ...
Manfred Curbach
Frenzel, Michael; Curbach, Manfred (26 October 2017). "Shear strength of concrete interfaces with infra-lightweight and foam ... Curbach produced significant results on the multiaxial loading of concrete, especially ultra-high-strength concrete, and built ... made of high-strength fine concrete and high-performance fibres (made of different materials such as alkali-resistant glass, ...
Implant resistance welding
Then, a tension strength test is performed on the welded sample, with the joint surface being loaded in pure shear, a load ... The lap shear strength is the maximum tensile load imparted on the sample by the machine divided by the lapped area. ... Lap shear strength (LSS) testing, in accordance with ASTM D 1002, is a method of destructive testing used to determine the ... The lapped shear strength and the weld time are also correlated. Initially, there is a positive correlation between weld time ...
Slope mass rating
This parameter is related to the probability of discontinuity shear strength. F3 depends on the relationship between slope (βs ... Slope mass rating (SMR) is a rock mass classification scheme developed by Manuel Romana to describe the strength of an ... The term rock mass incorporates the influence of both intact material and discontinuities on the overall strength and behavior ... SMR uses the same first five scoring categories as RMR: Uniaxial compressive strength of intact rock, Rock Quality Designation ...
Continuum mechanics
A solid is a deformable body that possesses shear strength, sc. a solid can support shear forces (forces parallel to the ... ISBN 978-0-7506-8025-7. Wright, T. W. (2002). The Physics and Mathematics of Adiabatic Shear Bands. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge ... the intensity of electromagnetic forces depends upon the strength (electric charge) of the electromagnetic field. The total ... material surface on which they act). Fluids, on the other hand, do not sustain shear forces. For the study of the mechanical ...
Discontinuity (geotechnical engineering)
doi:10.1007/s10064-002-0155-4. Barton, N.R.; Choubey, V. (1977). "The shear strength of rock joints in theory and in practice ... Normally discontinuities with the same origin have broadly the same characteristics in terms of shear strength, spacing between ... is a plane of physical weakness where the tensile strength perpendicular to the discontinuity or the shear strength along the ... shear strength, roughness, infill material, etc.) are broadly the same. A discontinuity may exist as a single feature (e.g. ...
Polyoxymethylene
Epoxies have shown 150-1,050 psi (1,000-7,200 kPa) shear strength. Cyanoacrylates are useful for bonding to metal, leather, ... It is often used for machined parts of paintball markers that do not require the strength of aluminium, such as handles and ... POM is characterized by its high strength, hardness and rigidity to −40 °C. POM is intrinsically opaque white, due to its high ... In order to get a high bond strength without specialized tools, treatments, or roughening, one can use Loctite 401 prism ...
Luke Tapscott
CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) Milbank, Zac (10 November 2009). "Luke Tapscott is rich talent and sheer strength". The ...
Lucy Walker steamboat disaster
Designers did not know the tensile, compressive, or shear strengths of metals. Engineers did not know the effects of scaling, ...
Molybdenum disulfide
... with a corresponding estimated shear strength of 56.0 MPa. Direct methods of measuring the shear strength indicate that the ... The shear strength of MoS2 increases as the coefficient of friction increases. This property is called superlubricity. At ... Extensive work has been performed to characterize the coefficient of friction and shear strength of MoS2 in various atmospheres ... The yield strength of monolayer flakes was 270 GPa, while the thicker flakes were also stiffer, with a yield strength of 330 ...
II Corps (Union Army)
By this accession, the II Corps attained in April 1864, an aggregate strength of 46,363, with 28,854 present for duty. ... District of Eastern Shore. *Department of Pennsylvania: Department of the Monongahela. *Department of the Susquehanna ... At this time the corps contained 85 regiments; its effective strength, however, was less than at a previous date. ...
Tornado
If there is enough low level wind shear, the column of hot, rising air can develop a small cyclonic motion that can be seen ... The rate of occurrence drops off quickly with increasing strength-less than 1% are violent tornadoes (EF4, T8 or stronger).[65] ... There are several scales for rating the strength of tornadoes. The Fujita scale rates tornadoes by damage caused and has been ... wind shear, and atmospheric instability are present.[78] Tornadoes are focused in the right front quadrant of landfalling ...
Wheelchair
Experienced users with sufficient upper-body strength can generally balance the chair on its rear wheels, a "wheelie", and the ... who adversely affected by sheer forces (reclining causes the body to slide slightly every time), or who need to keep a ...
Fluorescence in situ hybridization
Fluorescent signal strength depends on many factors such as probe labeling efficiency, the type of probe, and the type of dye. ... This is accomplished by applying mechanical shear along the length of the slide, either to cells that have been fixed to the ... can be described as a method that uses FISH in a parallel manner with the comparison of the hybridization strength to recall ...
412th Test Wing
California and was brought up to full strength in the summer, when the 29th and 31st Fighter Squadrons were assigned.[8][9] Its ... Testing of the Bell P-59 Airacomet jet fighter was being conducted at a site on the north shore of Rogers Dry Lakebed, about ...
Homo habilis
Ruff, C. (2009). "Relative Limb Strength and Locomotion in Homo habilis". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 138 (1): ... Marchi, D.; Harper, C. M.; Chirchir, H.; Ruff, C. B. (2019). "Relative fibular strength and locomotor behavior in KNM-WT 15000 ...
504th Infantry Regiment (United States)
Immediately, all other naval vessels and shore troops joined in, downing friendly aircraft and forcing planeloads of ... being reduced in strength to between 20 and 30 men. H Company drove forward to rescue a captured British General and was cut ... and they were immediately on leaving the far shore the target of German 88mm cannons, 20mm cannons, flak wagons, machine guns ...
Kjetting
Mora Ruben Perez: Study of the Fatigue Strength in the Gigacycle Regime of Metallic Alloys Used in Aeronautics and Off-shore ... "Very high cycle fatigue strength of a high strength steel under sea water corrosion." ICF13. Beijing, 2013, side 1. ... Thierry PL og C Bathias, Very high cycle fatigue strength of a high strength steel under sea water corrosion, 13th ... "Very high cycle fatigue strength of a high strength steel under sea water corrosion." ICF13. 2013. ...
Medical simulation
Leaders can spot weaknesses and strengths in the participants of the simulation without worrying about every single piece of ... When the sheer cost effectiveness and training of which simulation was capable surfaced during extensive military use, hardware ...
Steel
... yield strength, and tensile strength of the resulting steel. The increase in steel's strength compared to pure iron is only ... with a fair amount of shear on both constituents. If quenching is done improperly, the internal stresses can cause a part to ... Because of its high tensile strength and low cost, it is a major component used in buildings, infrastructure, tools, ships, ... Nickel and manganese in steel add to its tensile strength and make the austenite form of the iron-carbon solution more stable, ...
White-tailed eagle
Gómez-Ramírez, P., Shore, R. F., Van Den Brink, N. W., Van Hattum, B., Bustnes, J. O., Duke, G., & Krone, O. (2014). An ... although there is little evidence that the golden and white-tailed eagles are notably different in strength.[4][154][181] In ... however the eagle would be unable to fly with such a large catch and would need to row it to the nearest shore.[119] The next ... across the water to the nearest bank or shore. While this would leave them waterlogged, of course, the food yield from such a ...
Battle of Milne Bay
Moreover, while the Australians had no knowledge of the strength or intentions of the Japanese, no force would be able to ... on the northern shore of the bay; due to an error in navigation they came ashore about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) east of where they ... of the shore, they had to be unloaded onto pontoons and the stores manhandled onto vehicles, a labour-intensive process.[24] ... The Japanese ships also shelled shore positions at Gili Gili and Waga Waga and illuminated, but did not fire on, the hospital ...
The Shawshank Redemption
Over 320,000 VHS copies were shipped throughout the United States, and on the strength of its award nominations and word of ... a dreaming Red is sucked into the poster of Rita Hayworth to find himself alone and insignificant on the Pacific shore, saying ...
Ontario
The same is true on the northern shore of Lake Superior, which cools hot humid air from the south, leading to cooler summer ... An economic boom in the 1850s coincided with railway expansion across the province, further increasing the economic strength of ... Apple orchards are a common sight along the southern shore of Nottawasaga Bay (part of Georgian Bay) near Collingwood and along ... the Iroquois had seceded from Ontario and the Mississaugas of the Ojibwa had settled the north shore of Lake Ontario. The ...
United States Marine Air-Ground Task Force Reconnaissance
From 'sea-to-shore'[edit]. See also: Observer Group and Scouts and Raiders ... yet accurate account of their enemies potential and strengths-using a technique known as reconnaissance-in-force (RIF). RIF ... available garrisons and strength of forces, avenues of attack, adaptability of the defenses) ... forcing it to be re-designated to full battalion-strength with two active reconnaissance companies; becoming the "Amphibious ...
James Clerk Maxwell
Timoshenko, Stephen (1983). History of Strength of Materials. Courier Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-61187-7.. ... which was the temporary double refraction produced in viscous liquids by shear stress.[37] His other paper was "Rolling Curves ...
Trumbull, Connecticut
Shore Line East (CT). *Metro-North (CT). *Hartford Line (CT, MA). *New Haven Line (CT) ...
Galaxy
In prominent spiral arms, the field strength can be up to 25 μG, in regions where cold gas and dust are also concentrated. The ... but based simply on the apparent faintness and sheer population of stars, the true distances of these objects placed them well ... The typical average equipartition strength for spiral galaxies is about 10 μG (microGauss) or 1 nT (nanoTesla). For comparison ... the Earth's magnetic field has an average strength of about 0.3 G (Gauss or 30 μT (microTesla). Radio-faint galaxies like M 31 ...
Aluminium oxynitride
... which has been reported to affect the bulk and shear moduli by only 1-2%.[13]) The fabricated greenware is subjected to heat ... Compressive strength 2.68 GPa. Thermal and optical[7]. *Specific heat 0.781 J/(g·°C) ...
Kava
The strength also depends on the species and techniques of cultivation. In Vanuatu, a strong kava drink is normally followed by ... Traditionally, grog is drunk from the shorn half-shell of a coconut, called a bilo. Grog is very popular in Fiji, especially ...
Renewable Energy Certificate (United States)
High-voltage shore connection. *Load management. *Mains electricity by country. *Power line ...
پرتو کیهانی - ویکیپدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
By sheer coincidence, exactly 100 years later on 7 August 2012, the Mars Science Laboratory rover used its Radiation Assessment ... the strength of the solar wind is not constant, and hence it has been observed that cosmic ray flux is correlated with solar ...
Humidity
Physical strength declines, and fatigue occurs sooner than it would otherwise. Alertness and mental capacity also may be ...
Fishing rod
They are almost always used in shore fishing (sea fishing from the shoreline) from the beach, rocks or other shore feature. ... usually referred to as hoop strength). The rod tapers from one end to the other and the degree of taper determines how much of ... giving it a much greater strength and flexibility. ...
Tamil language
"Scheduled Languages in descending order of speaker's strength - 2011" (PDF). Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India ... It is, for instance, sheer convention based on Tamil grammatical tradition (influenced no doubt by Sanskrit) that, as a rule, ...
Hinilawod
Upon setting foot on the shore, Saragnayan asked who he was and what was his business. When Labaw Donggon expressed his desire ... Saragnayan wrestled with Buyung Baranugon but the Lord of Darkness was no match for the strength of Buyung Baranugon. However, ... Anggoy Ginbitinan and Anggoy Doronoon cures Labaw Donggon from his deranged state and his former strength returns to him. ...
Tropical Storm Allison
The Maryland Eastern Shore experienced only minor rainfall from one to two inches (25 to 50 mm). Damage was light, and no ... Allison was the first Atlantic tropical storm to have its name retired without ever having reached hurricane strength. ... Due to dry air and moderate westerly wind shear, the storm transformed into a subtropical cyclone. While the subtropical ... 2001 incarnation of Allison was the only Atlantic tropical system to have its name retired without reaching hurricane strength ...
Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers
CFRP can also be applied to enhance shear strength of reinforced concrete by wrapping fabrics or fibers around the section to ... Small areas of very high strength but moderate stiffness material will significantly increase strength, but not stiffness. ... A CFRP bicycle frame weighs less than one of steel, aluminum, or titanium having the same strength. The type and orientation of ... Despite its high initial strength-to-weight ratio, a design limitation of CFRP is its lack of a definable fatigue limit. This ...
Honeycomb structure
... used for low strength and stiffness for low load applications, to high strength and stiffness for high performance applications ... structure provides a material with minimal density and relative high out-of-plane compression properties and out-of-plane shear ... The strength of laminated or sandwich panels depends on the size of the panel, facing material used and the number or density ... Honeycomb materials are widely used where flat or slightly curved surfaces are needed and their high specific strength is ...
The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher
The strength of our response is not necessary for most cases, but remains from a primitive time. ... The atmosphere is "for sheer size and perfection of function, it is far and away the grandest product of collaboration in all ...
Shear Strength of Vibration Welded Lap Joints
... 2004-01-0734. Discontinuously reinforced thermoplastic composites are used in a ... Citation: Bates, P., Couzens, D., and Mah, J., "Shear Strength of Vibration Welded Lap Joints," SAE Technical Paper 2004-01- ... The effects of weld parameters such as weld area, weld pressure and meltdown have been assessed using a compression shear test ... The results show that shear stresses of the order of 15 MPa are attainable for a wide variety of processing conditions. ...
CDC - Mining - Shear Strength Evaluation of Clay-Rock Mixtures - NIOSH
Mining Publication: Shear Strength Evaluation of Clay-Rock Mixtures. Keywords: Clays Shear tests Slopes ... This study reviewed 31 technical papers which contain analysis of shear strengths for clay and sands with varying mixtures of ... Evaluation of this body of knowledge has shown that the shear strength gradually increases with increasing percentages of ... Estimation of Shear Strength Using Fractals as a Measure of Rock Fracture Roughness ...
Shear strength - Wikipedia
Shear modulus Shear stress Shear strain Shear strength (soil) Shear strength (Discontinuity) Strength of materials Tensile ... and shear strengths: USS: Ultimate Shear Strength, UTS: Ultimate Tensile Strength, SYS: Shear Yield Stress, TYS: Tensile Yield ... "Shear Strength of Metals". www.roymech.co.uk. "Shear Strength - Instron". www.instron.us. Retrieved 2020-02-14. Portl; Portl, ... In engineering, shear strength is the strength of a material or component against the type of yield or structural failure when ...
Shear strength (discontinuity) - Wikipedia
The shear strength of a discontinuity is often considerably lower than the shear strength of the blocks of intact material in ... the shear strength of discontinuities influences the stress distribution in a soil or rock mass. The shear strength along a ... or have the asperities been sheared off). Only for simple models of discontinuities the shear strength can be analytically ... or empirical calculations based on characterizing the discontinuity are used to establish the shear strength. Direct shear test ...
Laboratory shear strength of soil : a symposium (eBook, 1981) [WorldCat.org]
Laboratory shear strength of soil : a symposium. [R N Yong; Frank C Townsend; ASTM Committee D-18 on Soil and Rock for ... Shear strength of soils--Testing. a schema:Intangible ;. schema:name "Shear strength of soils--Testing"@en ;. .. ... Shear strength of soils--Testing. a schema:Intangible ;. schema:name "Shear strength of soils--Testing"@en ;. .. ... strength_of_soil_1980_chicago_ill> # Symposium on Laboratory Shear Strength of Soil (1980 : Chicago, Ill.). a bgn:Meeting, ...
Two-component, fast-curing adhesive features high shear and peel strength - Embedded.com
PRIME PubMed | Effects of various methods of chlorhexidine application on shear bond strength
Effects of various methods of chlorhexidine application on shear bond strength. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or ... Effects of Various Methods of Chlorhexidine Application On Shear Bond Strength. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;114(2):150 ... Effects of various methods of chlorhexidine application on shear bond strength. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;114(2):150 ... "Effects of Various Methods of Chlorhexidine Application On Shear Bond Strength." American Journal of Orthodontics and ...
Polymerization with the argon laser: curing time and shear bond strength.
The mean shear-peel bond strengths for the laser cured groups were quite similar for the 5-, 10- and 15-second laser groups ( ... The difference in the shear-peel bond strength between the light 40-second buccal (13.31 MPa) and the light 40-second lingual ( ... 10.86, 11.32, and 10.80 MPa). The difference in mean lingual bond strength between the light 40-second and laser 5-second ...
Use of Borehole Shear Test to Obtain Shear Strength Data Comparison to Direct Shear Test | SpringerLink
The knowledge of shear strength geotechnical parameters, cohesion and friction angle, is necessary for many engineering works ... Use of Borehole Shear Test to Obtain Shear Strength Data Comparison to Direct Shear Test. ... Use of Borehole Shear Test to Obtain Shear Strength Data Comparison to Direct Shear Test. In: Shakoor A., Cato K. (eds) IAEG/ ... Borehole Shear, and Cone Penetration Tests. Laboratory Shear Strength of Soil, ASTM STP 740, American Society for Testing and ...
References | Validation of the Louisiana Interlayer Shear Strength Test for Tack Coat | The National Academies Press
Interlayer Shear Strength Test for Tack Coat evaluates and validates a test method to determine the interlayer shear strength ... Revisiting the Effectiveness of Tack Coats in HMA Overlays: The Shear Strength of Tack Coats in Young Overlays. Proceedings of ... Validation of the Louisiana Interlayer Shear Strength Test for Tack Coat (2018) Chapter: References. ... Validation of the Louisiana Interlayer Shear Strength Test for Tack Coat. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: ...
Microscopic Origins of Shear Strength in Packings Composed of Elongated Particles - Archive ouverte HAL
The shear strength is found to increase linearly with this parameter whereas the solid fraction both at the initial isotropic ... Our data suggest that the increase of shear strength with reflects both enhanced friction mobilization and anisotropic particle ... Microscopic Origins of Shear Strength in Packings Composed of Elongated Particles Emilien Azéma 1, * Farhang Radjai 1 Details. ... Microscopic Origins of Shear Strength in Packings Composed of Elongated Particles. IWBDG, 2010, France. pp.1-7. ⟨hal-00686728⟩ ...
Shear bond strengths of three glass ionomer cements to enamel and dentine
... Journal. Medicina Oral Patologia Oral y Cirurgia ... Objectives: The shear bond strength of three glass ionomer cements (GIC) to enamel and dentine was evaluated.. Study Design: ... Results: The mean (±sd) of shear bond strength (MPa), on enamel and dentine, were: KM (6.4±1.4 and 7.6±1.5), FJ (5.9±1.5 and ... shear bond strength was tested in a universal testing machine. Non-parametric statistical tests (Friedman and post-hoc Wilcoxon ...
Appendix B | Validation of the Louisiana Interlayer Shear Strength Test for Tack Coat | The National Academies Press
Interlayer Shear Strength Test for Tack Coat evaluates and validates a test method to determine the interlayer shear strength ... Validation of the Louisiana Interlayer Shear Strength Test for Tack Coat (2018) Chapter: Appendix B. ... Validation of the Louisiana Interlayer Shear Strength Test for Tack Coat. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: ... Validation of the Louisiana Interlayer Shear Strength Test for Tack Coat. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: ...
Grafting Carbon Nanotubes on Glass Fiber by Dip Coating Technique to Enhance Tensile and Interfacial Shear Strength
The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) was calculated according to the maximum force applied to pull the GF out of the epoxy ... These configurations were not effective in shear stress between GF and epoxy as well as fiber strength. Hence, CNT coverage is ... Grafting Carbon Nanotubes on Glass Fiber by Dip Coating Technique to Enhance Tensile and Interfacial Shear Strength. Bahador ... Considering the magnitude of shear stress between coated GF and epoxy droplet indicates that the improvement of shear stress ...
Comparison of shear bond strength of rebonded brackets with four methods of adhesive removal | SpringerLink
Comparison of shear bond strength of rebonded brackets with four methods of adhesive removal. *S. Yassaei1, ... Yassaei, S., Aghili, H., KhanPayeh, E. et al. Comparison of shear bond strength of rebonded brackets with four methods of ... Ishida K, Endo T, Shinkai K, Katoh Y (2011) Shear bond strength of rebonded brackets after removal of adhesives with Er, Cr: ... The aim of this study was to compare the shear rebond strength (SRS) of brackets recycled with different resin removal methods ...
Epoxy adhesive / two-component / shear strength / industrial - 2000 series - THREE BOND
Bathroom Sealant Reactive And Functional Polymers Low Modulus High Shear Strength for sale - 91187101
Quality Bathroom Sealant Reactive And Functional Polymers Low Modulus High Shear Strength on sale of Risun Polymer ... Bathroom Sealant Reactive And Functional Polymers Low Modulus High Shear Strength Bathroom Sealant Reactive And Functional ... Bathroom Sealant Reactive And Functional Polymers Low Modulus High Shear Strength Eco-friendly SPUR Polymer for Low Modulus Pre ...
Figure 16 | Experimental Study on Shear Failure Mechanism and the Identification of Strength Characteristics of the Soil-Rock...
Experimental Study on Shear Failure Mechanism and the Identification of Strength Characteristics of the Soil-Rock Mixture ... Shear strengths of the SRM samples with different sets. (a) SBG for the 1st shear. (b) SBG for the 2nd shear. (c) SBG for the ... Experimental Study on Shear Failure Mechanism and the Identification of Strength Characteristics of the Soil-Rock Mixture. ...
ASTM F2255 - 05(2015) Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Tissue Adhesives in Lap-Shear by Tension Loading
Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Tissue Adhesives in Lap-Shear by Tension Loading , adhesive bond, lap-shear, ... Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Tissue Adhesives in Lap-Shear by Tension Loading. Active Standard ASTM F2255 , ... ASTM F2255-05(2015), Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Tissue Adhesives in Lap-Shear by Tension Loading, ASTM ... 1.1 This test method is intended to provide a means for comparison of the adhesive strengths of tissue adhesives intended for ...
Shear bond strength of self-etch and total-etch bonding systems at different dentin depths
... this study reveal that dentin shear bond strength depends on adhesive and dentin depth. Consequently, shear bond strength also ... resulting in higher shear bond strength values.. Another component that may be responsible for the high bond strength values is ... The adhesive shear bond strength values were recorded in kgf/cm2 and were converted into MPa. Means and standard deviations ... Toba S, Veerapravati W, Shimada Y, Nikaido T, Tagami J. Micro-shear bond strength of adhesive resins to coronal dentin versus ...
Factors Affecting the Shear Bond Strength of Bonded Composite Inlays
... Eva Nilsson, LDS/Simon Alaeddin, PhD/Stig Karlsson, LDS, ... Surface topography, roughness, and shear bond strength were evaluated using digital scanning electron microscopy, confocal ... Results: The bond strength is presented both with respect to composite surface pretreatment and with respect to different ... For pretreated surfaces, Targis showed the highest (P < 0.05) bond strength values, followed by Art Glass and Z-100. This ...
ASTM D6467 - 13e1 Standard Test Method for Torsional Ring Shear Test to Determine Drained Residual Shear Strength of Cohesive...
D6467-13e1 Standard Test Method for Torsional Ring Shear Test to Determine Drained Residual Shear Strength of Cohesive Soils ... reconstituted specimens~ torsional ring shear test~ cohesive soils~ ... 5.4 The ring shear device keeps the cross-sectional area of the shear surface constant during shear and shears the specimen ... Standard Test Method for Torsional Ring Shear Test to Determine Drained Residual Shear Strength of Cohesive Soils. Active ...
Paper: Shear-Bond-Strength of Self-Adhesive Resin Cements (Lithium Disilicate/Zirconia) to Dentin (AADR Annual Meeting (March...
1001 Shear-Bond-Strength of Self-Adhesive Resin Cements (Lithium Disilicate/Zirconia) to Dentin Friday, March 23, 2012: 3:30 p. ... Conclusions: Group 1 and 3 yielded higher shear bond strength compared with Group 2 for both LiDi and Zir .There were no ... Objectives: To compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of an experimental novel fluoride releasing self-adhesive resin cement SI- ... See more of: Dental Materials 1: Adhesion - Bond Strength Testing and Mechanisms ...
Materials | Free Full-Text | Acid Neutralizing Ability and Shear Bond Strength Using Orthodontic Adhesives Containing Three...
The objective of the study was to compare the acid neutralizing ability and shear bond strength (SBS) of three different types ... shear bond strength 45S5 bioactive glass; 45S5F bioactive glass; S53P4 bioactive glass; acid neutralizing ability; shear bond ... Yang S-Y, Kim S-H, Choi S-Y, Kim K-M. Acid Neutralizing Ability and Shear Bond Strength Using Orthodontic Adhesives Containing ... Yang, S.-Y.; Kim, S.-H.; Choi, S.-Y.; Kim, K.-M. Acid Neutralizing Ability and Shear Bond Strength Using Orthodontic Adhesives ...
NMR-based analysis of shear strength of weakly expansive clay in sodium chloride solution. | AMERICAN ELEMENTS ®
Results from the direct shear tests show that the shear strength decreases slightly with increasing the ... solutions with different concentrations to study the effect of NaCl solution on the shear strength and its mechanism. ... A series of direct shear and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tests were performed on a compacted weakly expansive clay ... Results from the direct shear tests show that the shear strength decreases slightly with increasing the NaCl solution ...
Shear Bond Strength Tests of Zirconia Veneering Ceramics after Chipping Repair
Effect of a silane and phosphate functional monomer on shear bond strength of a resin-based luting agent to lithium disilicate...
Effect of a silane and phosphate functional monomer on shear bond strength of a resin-based luting agent to lithium disilicate ... The corresponding specimens were bonded by using a resin-based luting agent (Panavia V5). Shear bond strengths were determined ... This study examined the effect of silane and phosphate functional monomer on bond strengths between a resin-based luting agent ... Combined use of silane in the acidic environment of a phosphate functional monomer and initiators enhances bond strength of a ...
In vitro analysis of shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index comparing light curing and self-curing composites
Other groups did not differ with respect to shear bond strength. All mean values of the tested groups represent bond strength ... After the shear bond strength test, the enamel surfaces of each specimen were classified according to the scores of the ... OBJECTIVE: To evaluate, in vitro, the shear bond strength of self-curing (ConciseTM - 3M and Alpha Plast - DFL) and light- ... CONCLUSIONS: Shear bond strength was satisfactory and similar between the composites, however Natural Ortho - DFL revealed best ...
Lirias: Shear domain of fibre-reinforced high-strength concrete beams
Shear domain of fibre-reinforced high-strength concrete beams. Authors: Imam, M ×. Vandewalle, Lucie. Mortelmans, Fernand. Van ... at which there is a maximum reduction of the flexural strength due to shear influence, An analytical approach is developed to ... in singly reinforced high strength concrete beams without stirrups Tailing under the combined effect of flexure and shear. An ... An equation is derived for the critical shear span-to-depth ratio (a/d)(c) ...
Examined the shear bond strengthAdhesivesMean shear bond strengthLower shear bond strengthAnalysis of shearSpecimensGlass ionomerCompare the shear bond strengthHigher shearEquipped for shear bondMethods of chlorhexidine applicationInterfacialScanning electron mHighest mean bondiResistanceSolution on the shearDentin shear bondLowest shear bondComposite resinAffect the shearImparted shear stressDirect shear boxAdhesionSoilsVitroSurfacesBond strength to dentinResidual shearCompressionApparatusFail in shearGranular materialsSoilModulusTestStressesResinResinsMeasure shearMaximum shearConstant shearHigh shearAdhesive remnant indexMeasured using Instron Universal TStatisticallyTensile and yield strengthMeasurementsMechanicalLabsASTM D3163StressSignificantly lowerLaboratoryResultsRetentionSelf-etch adhesiveUniversal TestingJointsDependenceInfluenceYieldFailure
Examined the shear bond strength1
- Objective: This study examined the shear bond strength of bonding agents to normal or fluoridated enamel following use of weak or strong acids to prepare enamel surfaces and after contamination with a measured amount of saliva at various stages of the bonding procedure. (quintpub.com)
Adhesives16
- 1.1 This test method is intended to provide a means for comparison of the adhesive strengths of tissue adhesives intended for use as surgical adhesives or sealants, or both, on soft tissue. (astm.org)
- The objective of the study was to compare the acid neutralizing ability and shear bond strength (SBS) of three different types of orthodontic adhesives containing bioactive glasses (BAGs). (mdpi.com)
- Kim, K.-M. Acid Neutralizing Ability and Shear Bond Strength Using Orthodontic Adhesives Containing Three Different Types of Bioactive Glass. (mdpi.com)
- Yang S-Y, Kim S-H, Choi S-Y, Kim K-M. Acid Neutralizing Ability and Shear Bond Strength Using Orthodontic Adhesives Containing Three Different Types of Bioactive Glass. (mdpi.com)
- Lap Shear determines the shear strength of adhesives for bonding materials when tested on a single-lap-joint specimen. (ptli.com)
- RESULTS: Contamination with the resin infiltrant alone did not impair shear bond strength, while contamination with hydrochloric acid or with hydrochloric acid and the resin infiltrant reduced shear bond strength (MPa) of the adhesives (Optibond FL: 20.5 ± 3.6, iBOND Self Etch: 17.9 ± 2.6) significantly. (uzh.ch)
- CONCLUSION: The contamination with the caries infiltrant system impaired the shear bond strength of conventional dental adhesives. (uzh.ch)
- To determine the shear bond strength (SBS) of different established (Resulcin Aqua Prime & Monobond N: RA, Prompt L-Pop III: PLP) and experimental (AC-Bond: AC, AC-Bond + Desensitizer: ACD) self-etching adhesives in comparison to fourth (Optibond FL: FL) and fifth generation (Excite: EX, Gluma Comfort Bond: CB) adhesives. (nih.gov)
- Adhesives requiring preliminary etching ensure optimal bond strength to primary enamel. (nih.gov)
- 2. The creation of round microretention pits compromises these adhesives' bond strength to dentin. (sparrho.com)
- Background: The aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strength of four one-step self-etch adhesives with different pH values to enamel and dentin. (openaire.eu)
- To compare the shear bond strength (SBS) after thermocycling of four universal adhesives applied in self -etch mode on dentin and etch-and-rinse mode on enamel . (bvsalud.org)
- The bond strengths obtained in this study are compared to the bond strengths obtained in earlier studies with the first and second generation oxalate adhesives whose components were supplied as powders and required mixing. (elsevier.com)
- Shear bond strength of different adhesives to Er:YAG laser-prepared dentin. (ege.edu.tr)
- Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the influence of Er:YAG laser on the shear bond strength of three different adhesives to lased dentin. (ege.edu.tr)
- Seven different adhesives were evaluated for durability as plywood adhesives by exposing panels and shear-test specimens to weathering at the Madison exposure site for nearly 8 years. (usda.gov)
Mean shear bond strength2
- Results: The highest mean shear bond strength without 10% NaOCl immersion was in group 1, while the highest mean with 10% NaOCl immersion was in group 3. (scirp.org)
- It was found that the mean shear bond strength of Transbond XT was 25.5 MPa and that of Heliosit orthodontic was 10.54 MPa. (bvsalud.org)
Lower shear bond strength3
- After thermocycling, the specimens with 10% HF surface treatment showed lower shear bond strength values when compared to those treated by sandblasting with Al2O3 particles. (unicamp.br)
- 1. Group I showed lower shear bond strength than control group but no statistically significant difference was found(P>0.05). (kapd.org)
- In the dentin groups, group DC had significantly lower shear bond strength than group DSE. (kci.go.kr)
Analysis of shear3
- This study reviewed 31 technical papers which contain analysis of shear strengths for clay and sands with varying mixtures of rock particles. (cdc.gov)
- NMR-based analysis of shear strength of weakly expansive clay in sodium chloride solution. (americanelements.com)
- Yu H, Sun D', Tian H. NMR-based analysis of shear strength of weakly expansive clay in sodium chloride solution. (americanelements.com)
Specimens9
- The same specimens prepared for the evaluation of superficial dentin shear resistance were used to evaluate the different depths of dentin. (scielo.br)
- Results from the direct shear tests show that the shear strength decreases slightly with increasing the NaCl solution concentration when the concentration is less than 1.0 mol/L. The results of NMR tests show that the smaller transverse relaxation times (T) of specimens saturated by NaCl solutions with concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0 mol/L are less than that of the specimen saturated by deionized water. (americanelements.com)
- For both the e.max and quartz specimens, the Clearfil Photo Bond Universal with Clearfil Porcelain Bond Activator group had the highest pre- and post-thermocycling bond strength values. (go.jp)
- The specimens were then mounted and tested to determine shear bond strength. (quintpub.com)
- Specimens in group E and group C had significantly lower bond strengths than did control specimens (group A). In the fluoridated groups etched with the phosphoric acid, statistically significant reductions in bond strengths were obtained in all contamination groups and in the control group. (quintpub.com)
- After storing the specimens for 24 h in distilled water at 37o C, we tested them in shear mode by using a shear knife-edge blade in a universal testing machine (Instron Corporation, Canton, MA, USA) with a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/ second. (alliedacademies.org)
- After, the specimens were submitted to shear bond strength test at 0.5 mm/min and evaluated for adhesive remnant index (ARI). (bvsalud.org)
- The use of piezoelectric ceramics to measure shear wave velocity in laboratory soil specimens is discussed. (environmental-expert.com)
- The constant-volume ring shear apparatus is equipped with a mechanism to adjust the normal stress during shear and a new specimen container that allows undisturbed specimens to be trimmed directly into the container. (environmental-expert.com)
Glass ionomer2
- Objectives: The shear bond strength of three glass ionomer cements (GIC) to enamel and dentine was evaluated. (uva.nl)
- Glass ionomer cements (GICs) and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) containing resin composites were introduced to overcome this disadvantage but the variability in the bond strengths of these materials have always been topics of discussion. (ijsr.net)
Compare the shear bond strength2
- To compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of an experimental novel fluoride releasing self-adhesive resin cement SI-R21003 (Group 1, Shofu), to Maxcem Elite (Group 2, Kerr) and RelyX Unicem2 Clicker (Group 3, 3MESPE) luting systems when luting lithium disilicate (LiDi) or zirconia (Zir) ceramic to dentin. (umich.edu)
- The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the shear bond strength of two self-etching primer systems to primary teeth contaminated with saliva and blood. (kapd.org)
Higher shear2
- Etching of normal enamel surfaces with phosphoric acid in the presence of contamination may provide higher shear bond strength than etching with maleic acid. (quintpub.com)
- Conclusions: Within the limitations of the present study, it acan be concluded that Dual cure resin cements showed a higher Shear bond strength as compared to light cure resin cements. (unicamp.br)
Equipped for shear bond1
- Surface topography, roughness, and shear bond strength were evaluated using digital scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning profilometry, and a Lloyd LRX equipped for shear bond testing, respectively. (quintpub.com)
Methods of chlorhexidine application2
- TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of various methods of chlorhexidine application on shear bond strength. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare two methods of chlorhexidine application of shear bond strength degradation between composite resin and dentin. (scirp.org)
Interfacial6
- The effects of noncovalent bonding and mechanical interlocking of carbon nanotubes (CNT) coating on tensile and interfacial strength of glass fiber were investigated. (hindawi.com)
- The obtained results showed that the optimum CNT concentration and soaking time were 1 mg/mL and 60 min, respectively, which led to significant improvement of tensile strength and interfacial shear stress. (hindawi.com)
- The interfacial shear strength between Si microwires and a Nafion membrane has been tailored through surface functionalization of the Si. (caltech.edu)
- The interfacial shear strength between the functionalized Si microwire surfaces and the Nafion matrix was quantified by uniaxial wire pull-out experiments in an in situ nanomechanical instrument that allowed simultaneous collection of mechanical data and visualization of the deformation process. (caltech.edu)
- The shear strength between poly(methyl methacrylate) bone-cement and sand blasted cobalt-chromium and titanium alloy surfaces was measured to investigate the relationship between interfacial shear strength and surface topology. (niom.no)
- We found that the interfacial shear strength is directly proportional to the exponent of the surfaces power spectra (P2) and Rdq, but not to Ra and Rr. (niom.no)
Scanning electron m1
- To evaluate, in vitro, the shear bond strength of self-curing (Concise TM - 3M and Alpha Plast - DFL) and light-curing composites (Transbond TM XT - 3M and Natural Ortho - DFL) used in orthodontics bonding, associated to Morelli metal brackets, with further analysis of adhesive remnant index (ARI) and enamel condition in scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (scielo.br)
Highest mean bondi1
- The 10%55D sample group had the highest mean bonding shear strength at .5602 MPa, but to observe the aging stability of all sample groups, all combinations were used in Phase II. (calpoly.edu)
Resistance8
- It exhibits high peel strength, outstanding impact strength, and superior resistance to vibration and shock. (embedded.com)
- Based on the bonding shear strength results of the initial screening, the best performing combinations were artificially aged to simulate their resistance to degradation in vivo. (calpoly.edu)
- Statistical difference between G3 and G4 groups was recorded, as G4 showing higher strength resistance than G3. (scielo.br)
- The material must seal the interface while providing sufficient strength and wear resistance to assure function of the tooth for, ideally, the lifetime of the patient. (ebscohost.com)
- Strength training, or resistance training, is a way to increase muscular strength where levels of resistance are increased over time. (nspt4kids.com)
- Strength training can also be performed with activities like tug of war or climbing in the playground where resistance is provided by the child's own body weight. (nspt4kids.com)
- Stainless socket screws have less tensile and yield strength than alloy sockets, but superior corrosion resistance. (nusnelafvallenmetshakes.nl)
- In Dentistry, the nanofilled resin composites show improved physical and mechanical properties, with higher fracture resistance and bond strength to enamel 2,5,15,17,27 . (bvsalud.org)
Solution on the shear2
- A series of direct shear and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tests were performed on a compacted weakly expansive clay saturated by sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions with different concentrations to study the effect of NaCl solution on the shear strength and its mechanism. (americanelements.com)
- This study has been designed to evaluate the effect of strong (MTAD) or soft (1- hydroxyethylidene - 1, 1- bisphosphonate (HEBP) final irrigating solution on the shear bond strength of AH plus sealer to coronal dentin . (bvsalud.org)
Dentin shear bond4
- The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dentin shear bond strength of four adhesive systems (Adper Single Bond 2, Adper Prompt L-Pop, Magic Bond DE and Self Etch Bond) in regards to buccal and lingual surfaces and dentin depth. (scielo.br)
- The objective of this study was to compare dentin shear bond strength (DSBS) of dentin bonding agents (DBAs) cured with a plasma arc (PAC) light curing unit (LCU) and those cured with a light emitting diode (LED) LCU. (koreamed.org)
- Dentin shear bond strength of a new 'all in one' adhesive. (marmara.edu.tr)
- Dentin shear bond strength of a new 'all. (marmara.edu.tr)
Lowest shear bond1
- This material showed lowest shear bond strength among all tested materials in both enamel and dentin groups, showing insignificant difference with some adhesive systems. (kci.go.kr)
Composite resin6
- Due to different factors that affect the bond strength of composite resin and dentin, it is important to evaluate the influence of the adhesive system, the type of acid-etching and the dentin depth as they relate to the shear bond strength of the dentin-composite resin interface at the same dentin locations. (scielo.br)
- Background: Chlorhexidine could have effect on shear bond strength of composite resin-dentin. (scirp.org)
- Conclusion: Method of using bonding contains chlorhexidine can increase and inhibit degradation shear bond strength between composite resin and dentin. (scirp.org)
- Rahmayanti study in 2011 compared the effects of chlorhexidine and glutaraldehyde on shear bond strength of composite resin-dentin by the method of storage on artificial saliva for 1 and 30 days. (scirp.org)
- The bond strength of this oxalate adhesive (Tenure Solution) to dentin was determined by bonding composite resin cylinders to extracted teeth. (elsevier.com)
- After bonding of composite resin(Z100, 3M, USA) to contaminated sample surfaces and thermocycling(1,000 cycles), shear bond strengths were measured using Universal Testing Machine(Zwick Z020, Zwick Co., Germany). (kapd.org)
Affect the shear1
- The purpose of this study was to determine whether the application of chlorhexidine with or without a sealant, to the etched enamel will affect the shear bond strength and the bracket/adhesive failure modes of orthodontic brackets. (unboundmedicine.com)
Imparted shear stress1
- This system enables us to study the flow induced changes in plasma membrane of a representative cancer cell line HeLa as the function of imparted shear stress and importantly, cell-substrate adhesion strength. (eurekaselect.com)
Direct shear box2
- 2) At least 3 reversals or cumulative 20 mm shear displacement of direct shear box is recommended to reach residual condition. (metu.edu.tr)
- A conventional direct shear box was modified to accommodate the testing of an unsaturated soil. (environmental-expert.com)
Adhesion3
- The friction coefficient of thin polymer sheets under high loads can be accounted for by a simple extension of the adhesion theory of friction in which the pressure dependence of the shear strength of the polymer is taken into consideration. (springer.com)
- We have shown while transient changes in membrane fluidity depend on the orientation of flow and are largely independent of cellsubstrate adhesion landscape, long term membrane fluidization is controlled by the cell-substrate adhesion strength that is represented by maximum traction stress that cell exerts on the microchannel wall. (eurekaselect.com)
- Tamal Das, Tapas K. Maiti and Suman Chakraborty, "Flow Shear Induced Changes in Membrane Fluidity: Dependence on Cell- Substrate Adhesion Strength", Current Analytical Chemistry (2013) 9: 9. (eurekaselect.com)
Soils6
- The cone penetration test (CPT) has been widely used in Louisiana to classify soils, measure undrained shear strength ( S u ), and identify bearing stratum for driven piles. (astm.org)
- Laboratory and field tests were performed to compare the parameters of shear strength of granite, migmatite, granulite, granitoid, gneiss and rhyolite residual soils from the Brazilian states of Santa Catarina and Rio de Janeiro. (springer.com)
- American Society for Testing and Materials: ASTM D3080: Standard Test Method for Direct Shear Test of Soils Under Consolidated Drained Conditions. (springer.com)
- Khoury, C., Miller, G.A.: Influence of flooding on Borehole Shear Test (BST) results in unsaturated soils. (springer.com)
- The paper describes a constant volume ring shear apparatus that allows the measurement of the undrained peak and residual shear strengths of cohesive soils. (environmental-expert.com)
- No comments were found for Multistage Direct Shear Testing of Unsaturated Soils . (environmental-expert.com)
Vitro1
- Kandaswamy, D, Rajan, KJ, Venkateshbabu, N, Porkodi, I. Shear bond strength evaluation of resin composite bonded to glass-ionomer cement using self-etching bonding agents with different pH: In vitro study. (openaire.eu)
Surfaces7
- The shear strength along a discontinuity in a soil or rock mass in geotechnical engineering is governed by the persistence of the discontinuity, roughness of discontinuity surfaces, infill material in the discontinuity, presence and pressure of gasses and fluids (e.g. water, oil), and possible solution (e.g. karst) and cementation along the discontinuity. (wikipedia.org)
- Independent of the composite inlay system, the sandblasted and silane-treated surface was found to give the highest bond strength values, followed by the sandblasted and ground surfaces. (quintpub.com)
- Effects of remineralization procedures on shear bond strengths of brackets bonded to demineralized enamel surfaces with self-etch systems. (medworm.com)
- Results: If normal enamel surfaces were rinsed and dried immediately after contamination, there was no significant reduction of shear bond strength of adhesive to enamel. (quintpub.com)
- The shear strength obtained from the nanomechanical measurements correlated with the chemical bond strength and the functionalization density of the molecular layer, with values ranging from 7 MPa for Si-CH3 surfaces to ∼16-20 MPa for oxygen-containing surface functionalities. (caltech.edu)
- Half the molar surfaces were treated to create round microretention (pits) to determine whether these could influence bond strength to dentin. (sparrho.com)
- Bond strength was highest in moist condition, because the moist surface permits more porous collagen network and hence greater infiltration of adhesive monomers, than do surfaces that are air dried. (bvsalud.org)
Bond strength to dentin4
- To compare, with a shear bond test, the bond strength to dentin of a total-etch and a self-etching bonding agent. (sparrho.com)
- 2. To determine whether creating microretention improves the bond strength to dentin.Two bonding agents were assayed, Optibond FL® (Kerr), two-bottle adhesive requiring acid etching, and Clearfil SE Bond® (Kuraray), two-bottle self-etching adhesive. (sparrho.com)
- Glass-ionomer restoratives and liners: shear bond strength to dentin. (elsevier.com)
- T2 - shear bond strength to dentin. (elsevier.com)
Residual shear4
- The residual shear strength envelopes of stiff clays are curved, but for practical purposes represented by linear envelopes. (metu.edu.tr)
- This study investigates the nonlinearity of the residual shear strength envelope using experimental evidence (i) from laboratory reversal direct shear tests on two stiff clays (Ankara clay and kaolinite) at 25 to 900 kPa effective normal stresses and (ii) from laboratory data collected from literature. (metu.edu.tr)
- Conclusions of this study are: (1) The residual shear strength envelopes of both Ankara clay and kaolinite are nonlinear, and can be represented by a power function (cohesion is zero). (metu.edu.tr)
- A. Maghsoudloo, "Nonlinearity of the residual shear strength envelope in stiff clays," M.S. - Master of Science, Middle East Technical University, 2013. (metu.edu.tr)
Compression1
- The effects of weld parameters such as weld area, weld pressure and meltdown have been assessed using a compression shear test. (sae.org)
Apparatus3
- Furthermore, most cutting experiments have been conducted using pendulum type apparatus or shearing rig, which may not fully represent the cutting process using reciprocating knives. (media.pl)
- A force sufficient to shear the die from its mounting or equal to twice the minimum specified shear strength ( figure 2019-4 ), whichever occurs first, shall be applied to the die using the apparatus of 2 above. (xyztec.com)
- An apparatus-discussed in this paper-has been developed that is capable of performing both pullout and direct shear tests. (environmental-expert.com)
Fail in shear1
- In general: ductile materials (e.g. aluminum) fail in shear, whereas brittle materials (e.g. cast iron) fail in tension. (wikipedia.org)
Granular materials2
- AbstractThe effect of particle size on shear strength of granular materials are investigated using direct shear tests. (dulem.es)
- By means of two dimensional contact dynamics simulations, we analyzed the effect of the particle size distribution (PSD) on the shear strength of granular materials composed of un-breakable discs. (srkturkiye.com)
Soil11
- Shear modulus Shear stress Shear strain Shear strength (soil) Shear strength (Discontinuity) Strength of materials Tensile strength Hibbeler, Russell. (wikipedia.org)
- The shear strength of a discontinuity in a soil or rock mass may have a strong impact on the mechanical behavior of a soil or rock mass. (wikipedia.org)
- Many slopes, natural and man-made, fail due to a low shear strength of discontinuities in the soil or rock mass in the slope. (wikipedia.org)
- The deformation characteristics of a soil or rock mass are also influenced by the shear strength of the discontinuities. (wikipedia.org)
- Furthermore, the shear strength of discontinuities influences the stress distribution in a soil or rock mass. (wikipedia.org)
- It was determined that the soil classification is the only parameter showing clear trends that affect CPT estimates of the undrained shear strength. (astm.org)
- The shear strength values obtained by DST and BST were similar, but the differences in the soil effective cohesion intercept parameter were more significant. (springer.com)
- The results illustrate the relationship between suction and shear strength for a glacial till soil. (environmental-expert.com)
- The shear strength of an unsaturated soil and the soil-water characteristic curve are dependent on soil structure or the aggregation, which in turn is dependent. (environmental-expert.com)
- The undrained peak and residual strengths are applicable to seismic stability evaluations of slopes comprised of or founded on cohesive soil. (environmental-expert.com)
- Pullout and direct shear tests have been conducted to investigate the soil-reinforcement interaction behavior in pullout and direct shear mechanisms. (environmental-expert.com)
Modulus2
- In this study, we run thousands of explicit finite element simulations using Abaqus-Explicit version 6.14 with microplane model M7, each with a random input of material strength and Young's modulus for each finite element in the structure. (umn.edu)
- The shear modulus in metals is typically within the range 20 000 to 150 000 MPa indicating a predicted shear stress of 3 000 to 24 000 MPa. (wikipedia.org)
Test27
- Shear strength can be measured by a torsion test where it is equal to their torsional strength. (wikipedia.org)
- Direct shear test or (Golder) shearbox test Punch-through shear test Tilt test (geotechnical engineering) Triaxial test Barton-Bandis shear criterion Sliding criterion Hoek, E. (wikipedia.org)
- Traditionally, the Direct Shear Test (DST) in the laboratory is used to determine these parameters. (springer.com)
- However, recently, the use of the Borehole Shear Test (BST) in Brazil is being evaluated to supplement or substitute for DST. (springer.com)
- Bechtum, T.: Automation and further development of the borehole shear test. (springer.com)
- Handy, R.L.: Borehole Shear Test and Slope Stability. (springer.com)
- Borehole Shear Test in a Shallow Marine Environment, Strength Testing of Marine Sediments: Laboratory and In-Situ Measurements. (springer.com)
- Lutenegger, A.J., Timian, D.A.: Reproducibility of borehole shear test results in marine clay. (springer.com)
- Borehole Shear Test in Geotechnical Investigations. (springer.com)
- Evaluation of Bond Strength of Tack Coat Materials in Field: Development of Pull-Off Test Device and Methodology. (nap.edu)
- TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Research Report 878: Validation of the Louisiana Interlayer Shear Strength Test for Tack Coat evaluates and validates a test method to determine the interlayer shear strength of asphalt pavement layers. (nap.edu)
- 4.2 The complexity and variety of individual applications for tissue adhesive devices, even within a single indicated use (surgical procedure) is such that the results of a single-lap-shear test are not suitable for determining allowable design stresses without thorough analysis and understanding of the application and adhesive behaviors. (astm.org)
- The test is applicable for determining adhesive strengths, surface preparation parameters and adhesive environmental durability. (ptli.com)
- As such Sheer Test from Sheer Strength Labs is down for the usual full metal review. (fmsguru.com)
- Sheer Test gets on my good side straight away by avoiding the use of proprietary blends. (fmsguru.com)
- Despite the odd ingredient letting it down Sheer Test is solid and potentially worth a try. (fmsguru.com)
- Sheer Test directs that you take a single serving of 3 capsules in the morning. (fmsguru.com)
- Any Sheer Test Side Effects? (fmsguru.com)
- The test results indicate that the bearing strength for large washers is lower than that proposed by Eurocode 5. (diva-portal.org)
- Apr 22, 2019 · Ultimate Shear Strength See average test values as listed in the tables on pages 8-9. (nusnelafvallenmetshakes.nl)
- How the Direct Shear Test is conducted? (extrudesign.com)
- In the previous tutorial, we have discussed the list of Material Testing Methods, and in this tutorial, we are going to discuss how to conduct the Direct Shear Test. (extrudesign.com)
- Direct Shear Test The shear test is conducted to measure the shear strength of the material. (extrudesign.com)
- The t-test revealed that there was a significant difference between the shear bond strength of the two groups. (bvsalud.org)
- Tensile Strength Mpa Min 700 770 850 930 1000 Max 850 930 1000 1080 1150 0.20% Proof Stress Mpa Min 525 585 680 755 850 Elongation on 5.65S 0 % Min 12 11 9 9 9 Hardness Brinell HB Min 201 223 248 269 293 Max 255 277 302 331 352 *Material stocked generally in condition T Check test certificate if critical for end use. (dulem.es)
- Small direct shear test (60 mm by 60 mm by 24 mm deep) were conducted for particles passing the sieves with opening size of 2.36 mm. (dulem.es)
- test to measure the shear strength of isotropic materi-als (metals). (dulem.es)
Stresses4
- The results show that shear stresses of the order of 15 MPa are attainable for a wide variety of processing conditions. (sae.org)
- During its metastatic journey from primary tumor to distant locations of body, a cancer cell is exposed to stresses of diverse origin and kind, of which fluid shear stresses of interstitial and haematogenic nature have been least studied in relation to their impact in cancer progression. (eurekaselect.com)
- This was difficult to reconcile with measured shear stresses in the range of 0.5 to 10 MPa. (wikipedia.org)
- Together with local measurements of boundary stresses and deformations, systematic analysis of photographs of the deforming specimen allowed for measuring deformations and computing strain fields inside and outside the shear band. (environmental-expert.com)
Resin11
- Purpose: This article analyzes the influence of different pretreatments on the bond strength between inlays and the resin cement of three different composite inlay systems: Z-100, Targis, and Art Glass. (quintpub.com)
- This study examined the effect of silane and phosphate functional monomer on bond strengths between a resin-based luting agent joined to a lithium disilicate ceramic (IPS e.max) and silica (quartz) materials. (go.jp)
- Combined use of silane in the acidic environment of a phosphate functional monomer and initiators enhances bond strength of a resin-based luting agent to e.max ceramic and quartz materials. (go.jp)
- Purpose: This study reports the effect of five surface treatments on the bond strength established between three denture reline materials and a denture base resin. (ebscohost.com)
- 8. Aguiar TR, Di Francescantonio M, Ambrosano GM, Giannini M. Effect of curing mode on bond strength of self‐adhesive resin luting cements to dentin. (unicamp.br)
- Effects of surface treatments, thermocycling, and cyclic loading on the bond strength of a resin cement bonded to a lithium disilicate glass ceramic. (unicamp.br)
- Long-term studies had proved that bond strength of resin-bonded dentin decreased over time due to collagen degradation (De Munck et al. (conicyt.cl)
- Moreover, those dentin bonding agents whose primers are based on acetone show improved bond strength, because acetone aggressively pursues and displaces water in the substrate, resulting in the primer resin being carried into tissue channels and porosities . (bvsalud.org)
- When the dentin is air dried, the water that is supporting the collagen network evaporates causing the collagen network to collapse network is greatly reduced, which in turn decreases the premeability of intertubular dentin to adhesive resin and as a result causes decrease in bond strength. (bvsalud.org)
- Effects of various final irrigants on the shear bond strength of resin-based sealer to dentin. (bvsalud.org)
- The resin containing selenium showed clinically acceptable but statistically lower bond strength as compared to standard resin but its mode of failure was more favorable because most of the adhesive remained on enamel. (nova.edu)
Resins3
- To evaluate the shear bond strength of brackets fixed with different materials (two light-cured nanofilled low-viscosity resins - Transbond Supreme LV and Flow Tain LV and two light-cured traditional resins - Transbond XT and Transbond Plus Color Change) after 10 min and 24 h, and to evaluate the type of failure. (bvsalud.org)
- Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of brackets fixed with different materials (two light-cured nanofilled low viscosity resins - Transbond Supreme LV and Flow Tain LV and two light-cured traditional resins - Transbond XT (control) and Transbond Plus Color Change) after 10 minutes and 24 hours. (bvsalud.org)
- In SBS, SD (11.63±2.07MPa) showed statistically lower bond strength than XT (15.16±4.68MPa) but both resins were in the clinically acceptable range. (nova.edu)
Measure shear1
- Then, 4 samples in each sub-group were used to measure shear bond strength using Universal Testing Machine, and 1 sample was examined with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). (scirp.org)
Maximum shear1
- In real world applications, this equation only gives an approximation and the maximum shear stress would be higher. (wikipedia.org)
Constant shear1
- In order to explore the origins of the invariance of the shear strength with PSD, we analyzed the connectivity, force transmission, and friction mobilization in terms of anisotropies, finding that the constant shear strength is due to a subtle compensation of anisotropies. (srkturkiye.com)
High shear1
- The application of high shear stress is a key methodological determinant accelerating the process of tissue decellularization while maintaining ECM protein composition, 3D-architecture and physico-chemical properties of the native tissue. (nih.gov)
Adhesive remnant index1
- The mechanical properties were evaluated using shear bond strength testing (SBS) and an adhesive remnant index scoring (ARI). (nova.edu)
Measured using Instron Universal T1
- Shear Bond Strength was measured using Instron Universal Testing machine. (bvsalud.org)
Statistically2
- The difference in the shear-peel bond strength between the light 40-second buccal (13.31 MPa) and the light 40-second lingual (11.95 MPa) groups was not statistically significant. (biomedsearch.com)
- RMGI (6.03±3.95MPa) showed a statistically lower bond strength at a clinically unacceptable degree. (nova.edu)
Tensile and yield strength1
- As a very rough guide relating tensile, yield, and shear strengths: USS: Ultimate Shear Strength, UTS: Ultimate Tensile Strength, SYS: Shear Yield Stress, TYS: Tensile Yield Stress There are no published standard values for shear strength like with tensile and yield strength. (wikipedia.org)
Measurements1
- All strength measurements are in ksi (kilo-pound per square inch). (dulem.es)
Mechanical4
- In structural and mechanical engineering, the shear strength of a component is important for designing the dimensions and materials to be used for the manufacture or construction of the component (e.g. beams, plates, or bolts). (wikipedia.org)
- Refer to the Mechanical Properties Chart for the subtle strength differences within each grade. (nusnelafvallenmetshakes.nl)
- en] Mechanical properties of materials are strongly dependent of their atomic arrangement as well as the sample dimension, particularly at the micrometer length scale. (iaea.org)
- The mechanical behavior of the icosahedral Y-Cd quasicrystal is also compared to understand the influence of translational symmetry on the shear localization process in both YCd 6 and Y-Cd quasicrystal micropillars. (iaea.org)
Labs20
- Are Sheer Strength Labs Sheer Class? (fmsguru.com)
- Sheer Strength Labs originally operate out of Chicago and have built up quite the product range in their short time in the market. (fmsguru.com)
- Sheer Strength Labs Testosterone comes from Sheer Strength Labs. (supplementcritique.com)
- Sheer Strength Labs Testosterone went for most of the popular powerhouses when choosing the ingredient line up for its formula. (supplementcritique.com)
- The recommended dose is 3 Sheer Strength Labs Testosterone capsules taken once daily. (supplementcritique.com)
- The majority of Sheer Strength Labs Testosterone reviews on Amazon are positive. (supplementcritique.com)
- You can purchase Sheer Strength Labs Testosterone primarily through Amazon.com. (supplementcritique.com)
- Sheer Strength Labs Testosterone looks like a decent product, but there's nothing special about it that jumps right out at me. (supplementcritique.com)
- 2-day shipping is included with your Amazon Prime subscription, so if you're thinking about a testosterone boosting add on, Sheer Strength Labs Testosterone may be a good choice.Just don't expect earth-shattering results. (supplementcritique.com)
- Have You Used Sheer Strength Labs Testosterone? (supplementcritique.com)
- Sheer Strength Labs Exogenous Ketones BHB Salts is a dietary supplement that can help you boost metabolism, lose weight, and even increase cravings. (supplementsranker.com)
- This supplement is called Sheer Exogenous Ketones BHB Salts Supplement by Sheer Strength Labs. (supplementsranker.com)
- Sheer Strength Labs Exogenous Ketones BHB Salts Supplement is generally well tolerated by people and does not have any major side effects. (supplementsranker.com)
- Some of the ingredients of Sheer Strength Labs Exogenous Ketones BHB Salts Supplement include Rebaudioside A, Vegetable Juice, Fruit, natural flavors, Citric Acid, Magnesium BHBTM, Sodium BHBTM and Calcium BHBTM. (supplementsranker.com)
- Sheer Strength Labs Exogenous Ketones BHB Salts Supplement ideal dosage is one (1) scoop and can be mixed into different beverages and drinks. (supplementsranker.com)
- Sheer Exogenous Ketones BHB Salts Supplement by Sheer Strength Labs is competitively priced at $33.24 based on the Amazon website. (supplementsranker.com)
- For questions or clarifications, customers may contact the Manufacturer Sheer Strength Labs via their email at [email protected] . (supplementsranker.com)
- Sheer Strength Labs Creatine Monohydrate is 100% pure, with no nasty additives or unwanted, hidden extras. (sheerstrengthlabs.com)
- Sheer Strength Labs is one of the fastest growing sports nutritional supplement companies in the United States, offering a wide range of workout supplements. (festbyte.com)
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ASTM D31631
- There are a variety of ASTM single-lap-joint shear tests including ASTM D1002 which specifies lap shear for metal to metal, ASTM D3163 for plastics joints, and ASTM D5868 for fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) against itself or metal. (ptli.com)
Stress10
- For shear stress τ {\displaystyle \tau } applies τ = σ 1 − σ 3 2 , {\displaystyle \tau ={\frac {\sigma _{1}-\sigma _{3}}{2}},} where σ 1 {\displaystyle \sigma _{1}} is major principal stress and σ 3 {\displaystyle \sigma _{3}} is minor principal stress. (wikipedia.org)
- Average shear stress can also be defined as the total force of V {\displaystyle V} as V = ∫ τ d A {\displaystyle V=\int \tau dA} This is only the average stress, actual stress distribution is not uniform. (wikipedia.org)
- Stress is not often equally distributed across a part so the shear strength would need to be higher to account for the estimate. (wikipedia.org)
- For bolt joint loaded in shear -three stress areas result, the below chart shows the Single shear strength of 4.6, 8.8, 10.9 Grade 2, Grade 5 and Grade 8 Bolts. (nusnelafvallenmetshakes.nl)
- 4) Nonlinearity is especially important for landslides where average effective normal stress on the shear plane is less than 50 kPa, both for translational and rotational failures. (metu.edu.tr)
- The 0.57*TYS is probably taken from the von Mises/distortion energy/octahedral shear stress criterion, and it should be stated as shear yield strength = 0.577*tensile yield strength. (dulem.es)
- Yield strength, or working load limit, is the amount of stress a material can withstand without permanent deformation. (dulem.es)
- Tensile strength is the maximum amount of axial stress that a material can take before breaking. (dulem.es)
- What is the Max Shear Stress of Mild Steel? (dulem.es)
- In effect, a half plane of atoms is moved in response to shear stress by breaking and reforming a line of bonds, one (or a few) at a time. (wikipedia.org)
Significantly lower1
- Under blood-contaminated conditions, both primers showed significantly lower shear bond strengths. (elsevier.com)
Laboratory5
- The two primary reasons for this are: 1) a lack of agreement concerning the influence of rock particles on material strength, and 2) the expense and difficulty of testing clay-rock mixtures with existing laboratory procedures. (cdc.gov)
- Testing on various scales in the laboratory or in the field, or empirical calculations based on characterizing the discontinuity are used to establish the shear strength. (wikipedia.org)
- The Geotechnical Mapping Laboratory of Federal University of Santa Catarina (LAMGEO-UFSC) is conducting research comparing DST and BST data which proposes to validate BST use in projects that demand a huge number of shear strength tests. (springer.com)
- Comparison of Shear Strength Values Derived from Laboratory Triaxial, Borehole Shear, and Cone Penetration Tests. (springer.com)
- A laboratory study of the long-term bond strength. (unicamp.br)
Results7
- Results: The mean (±sd) of shear bond strength (MPa), on enamel and dentine, were: KM (6.4±1.4 and 7.6±1.5), FJ (5.9±1.5 and 6.0±1.9) and MX (4.2±1.5 and 4.9±1.5), respectively. (uva.nl)
- Results: The bond strength is presented both with respect to composite surface pretreatment and with respect to different composite inlay systems. (quintpub.com)
- Results: None of the surface treatments significantly improved the bond strength of Kooliner. (ebscohost.com)
- The results indicated that the static shear strength was more dependent on cement type than cement viscosity and volume. (hud.ac.uk)
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- The results of this study will provide an important insight in a fundamental understanding of shear localization process in novel complex intermetallic compounds. (iaea.org)
- Typical results from direct shear tests are presented. (environmental-expert.com)
Retention1
- Conclusion: Surface pretreatment and roughness as well as the inlay material have an impact on the bond strength and the retention of composite inlays. (quintpub.com)
Self-etch adhesive2
- Enamel and dentin bond strengths of a new self-etch adhesive system. (sparrho.com)
- Influence of adhesive application time on enamel bond strength of single-step self-etch adhesive systems. (openaire.eu)
Universal Testing6
- A Zwick Universal Testing Machine was used to determine shear bond strengths. (unboundmedicine.com)
- The shear bond strength was tested in a universal testing machine. (uva.nl)
- These groups were submitted to shear strength tests in universal testing machine, at 0.5 mm per minute speed. (scielo.br)
- For shear bond strength evaluation, universal testing machine was used with a wedge technique. (kapd.org)
- The bonding agent used in group A was Transbond XT and that of group B was Heliosit Orthodontic, Every effort was made to control the cofounding variables including light tip distance, force of application of bracket, storage of teeth before and after bonding and orientation of bracket in the acrylic block this was followed by debonding of the brackets by shearing in a universal testing machine. (bvsalud.org)
- An instron universal testing machine was used to measure the shear bond strength at a crosshead speed of 5mm/min. (ijsr.net)
Joints1
- In a partially anchored shear wall the leading stud is not fully anchored against uplift and corresponding tying down forces are developed in the sheathing-to-framing joints along the bottom rail in the sheathing segments close to the leading stud. (diva-portal.org)
Dependence2
Influence2
- Evaluation of the Influence of Tack Coat Construction Factors on the Bond Strength Between Pavement Layers. (nap.edu)
- Another important factor is the post-fixation time that can influence the brackets bond strength and is important for the installation of the arches or accessories in the oral cavity. (bvsalud.org)
Yield8
- In engineering, shear strength is the strength of a material or component against the type of yield or structural failure when the material or component fails in shear. (wikipedia.org)
- The effects of nitrogen fertilizer on the yield components and stem shearing strength of three canola ( Brassica napus L.) varieties Okapi , Opera , and Zarfam were conducted in 2008. (media.pl)
- Shear localization on {101} planes and size-dependent yield strength are explained in terms of a large interplanar spacing between {101} planes and the energetics of shear localization process, respectively. (iaea.org)
- The yield strength of harder material is difficult to determine. (dulem.es)
- In practice, screws may be stressed by tightening and underworking load no more than up to the yield strength or the 0,2 limit. (dulem.es)
- May 22, 2010 · Most mild carbon steel is equivalent in strength to the properties defined in ASTM A36 for structural steel, which defines the minimum yield strength to be 36,000 psi and the minimum ultimate strength to be 58,000 psi. (dulem.es)
- Mar 17, 2012 · The Shear Yield point is usually given as a percentage of the Tensile Yield Strength and the percentage used depends upon the material. (dulem.es)
- For mild steel the value usually used is shear yield point = 0.58 x tensile yield point. (dulem.es)
Failure6
- A shear load is a force that tends to produce a sliding failure on a material along a plane that is parallel to the direction of the force. (wikipedia.org)
- Multiple Modes of Shear Failure in Rock. (wikipedia.org)
- On the other hand, in all the experimental groups in which the chlorhexidine varnish was applied as a layer on the etched enamel surface or over the sealant, shear bond strength values and bracket failure rates were of a magnitude that made them clinically unacceptable. (unboundmedicine.com)
- In shear failure, reinforced concrete (RC) beams always develop, in a stable manner, a finite length crack before the maximum load is reached. (umn.edu)
- This size effect on the CoV is similar to that in ductile failure governed by a Gaussian distribution of strength and contrasts with that in brittle failures following the Weibull distribution, for which the CoV is size independent. (umn.edu)
- Wet-strength loss and wood-failure changes were measured as a function of exposure time. (usda.gov)