Gills
Water Microbiology
Ostreidae
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Marine Biology
DNA, Ribosomal
Salinity
Vibrio
Oceans and Seas
Gammaproteobacteria
Fundulidae
Bivalvia
Flavobacteriaceae
Anthozoa
Calcium Carbonate
Water-Electrolyte Balance
Alphaproteobacteria
Salmo salar
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Aquaculture
Fish Diseases
Heterotrophic Processes
Antarctic Regions
Tilapia
Plankton
Fatty Acids
Shellfish
Bacterial Typing Techniques
Genes, rRNA
Molecular Sequence Data
Geologic Sediments
Bacteria
Water Pollution, Chemical
Temperature
Dinoflagellida
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Fishes
Korea
Ecosystem
Decapodiformes
Coral Reefs
Alteromonadaceae
Petroleum
Biofouling
Bays
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Brachyura
Eukaryota
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Carbonates
Water Pollutants, Radioactive
Vibrio vulnificus
Flounder
Quinones
Tenacibaculum
Porifera
Bacteroidetes
Pseudoalteromonas
Mollusca
Filtration
Mytilus
Phytoplankton
Sulfonium Compounds
Vitamin K 2
Geological Phenomena
Colony Count, Microbial
Salmon
Bryozoa
Calcification, Physiologic
Killifishes
Cluster Analysis
Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase
Flatfishes
Larva
Amphipoda
Cytophaga
Salt-Tolerance
Species Specificity
Sea Urchins
Water Pollutants
Protozoan Infections, Animal
Culture Media
Trout
Arctic Regions
Polychaeta
RNA, Bacterial
Hydrothermal Vents
Hepatopancreas
Locomotion
Indian Ocean
Adaptation, Physiological
Animal Shells
Rhodophyta
Republic of Korea
Spectrophotometry, Atomic
Serratia
Water Movements
Arbacia
Alteromonas
Diatoms
Marine vibrios associated with superficial septic lesions. (1/4531)
Three cases are reported in which a marine vibrio, Vibrio alginolyticus, was isolated from superficial septic lesions. All cases had been exposed to sea-water. The possible significane of these findings and the need for further investigations are discussed. (+info)Growth characteristics of Heterosigma akashiwo virus and its possible use as a microbiological agent for red tide control. (2/4531)
The growth characteristics of Heterosigma akashiwo virus clone 01 (HaV01) were examined by performing a one-step growth experiment. The virus had a latent period of 30 to 33 h and a burst size of 7.7 x 10(2) lysis-causing units in an infected cell. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the virus particles formed on the peripheries of viroplasms, as observed in a natural H. akashiwo cell. Inoculation of HaV01 into a mixed algal culture containing four phytoplankton species, H. akashiwo H93616, Chattonella antiqua (a member of the family Raphidophyceae), Heterocapsa triquetra (a member of the family Dinophyceae), and Ditylum brightwellii (a member of the family Bacillariophyceae), resulted in selective growth inhibition of H. akashiwo. Inoculation of HaV01 and H. akashiwo H93616 into a natural seawater sample produced similar results. However, a natural H. akashiwo red tide sample did not exhibit any conspicuous sensitivity to HaV01, presumably because of the great diversity of the host species with respect to virus infection. The growth characteristics of the lytic virus infecting the noxious harmful algal bloom-causing alga were considered, and the possibility of using this virus as a microbiological agent against H. akashiwo red tides is discussed. (+info)Effects of salinity and temperature on long-term survival of the eel pathogen Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 (serovar E). (3/4531)
Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 (serovar E) is a primary eel pathogen. In this study, we performed long-term survival experiments to investigate whether the aquatic ecosystem can be a reservoir for this bacterium. We have used microcosms containing water of different salinities (ranging from 0.3 to 3.8%) maintained at three temperatures (12, 25, and 30 degrees C). Temperature and salinity significantly affected long-term survival: (i) the optimal salinity for survival was 1.5%; (ii) lower salinities reduced survival, although they were nonlethal; and (ii) the optimal temperature for survival was dependent on the salinity (25 degrees C for microcosms at 0.3 and 0.5% and 12 degrees C for microcosms at 1.5 to 3.8%). In the absence of salts, culturability dropped to zero in a few days, without evidence of cellular lysis. Under optimal conditions of salinity and temperature, the bacterium was able to survive in the free-living form for at least 3 years. The presence of a capsule on the bacterial cell seemed to confer an advantage, since the long-term survival rate of opaque variants was significantly higher than that of translucent ones. Long-term-starved cells maintained their infectivity for eels (as determined by both intraperitoneal and immersion challenges) and mice. Examination under the microscope showed that (i) the capsule was maintained, (ii) the cell size decreased, (iii) the rod shape changed to coccuslike along the time of starvation, and (iv) membrane vesicles and extracellular material were occasionally produced. In conclusion, V. vulnificus biotype 2 follows a survival strategy similar to that of biotype 1 of this species in response to starvation conditions in water. Moreover, the aquatic ecosystem is one of its reservoirs. (+info)Isolation of Vibrio vulnificus serovar E from aquatic habitats in Taiwan. (4/4531)
The existence of strains of Vibrio vulnificus serovar E that are avirulent for eels is reported in this work. These isolates were recovered from water and oysters and differed from eel virulent strains in (i) fermentation and utilization of mannitol, (ii) ribotyping after HindIII digestion, and (iii) susceptibility to eel serum. Lipopolysaccharide of these strains lacked the highest molecular weight immunoreactive bands, which are probably involved in serum resistance. (+info)Prochlorococcus, a marine photosynthetic prokaryote of global significance. (5/4531)
The minute photosynthetic prokaryote Prochlorococcus, which was discovered about 10 years ago, has proven exceptional from several standpoints. Its tiny size (0.5 to 0.7 microm in diameter) makes it the smallest known photosynthetic organism. Its ubiquity within the 40 degrees S to 40 degrees N latitudinal band of oceans and its occurrence at high density from the surface down to depths of 200 m make it presumably the most abundant photosynthetic organism on Earth. Prochlorococcus typically divides once a day in the subsurface layer of oligotrophic areas, where it dominates the photosynthetic biomass. It also possesses a remarkable pigment complement which includes divinyl derivatives of chlorophyll a (Chl a) and Chl b, the so-called Chl a2 and Chl b2, and, in some strains, small amounts of a new type of phycoerythrin. Phylogenetically, Prochlorococcus has also proven fascinating. Recent studies suggest that it evolved from an ancestral cyanobacterium by reducing its cell and genome sizes and by recruiting a protein originally synthesized under conditions of iron depletion to build a reduced antenna system as a replacement for large phycobilisomes. Environmental constraints clearly played a predominant role in Prochlorococcus evolution. Its tiny size is an advantage for its adaptation to nutrient-deprived environments. Furthermore, genetically distinct ecotypes, with different antenna systems and ecophysiological characteristics, are present at depth and in surface waters. This vertical species variation has allowed Prochlorococcus to adapt to the natural light gradient occurring in the upper layer of oceans. The present review critically assesses the basic knowledge acquired about Prochlorococcus both in the ocean and in the laboratory. (+info)Different prevalences of Renibacterium salmoninarum detected by ELISA in Alaskan chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha spawned from freshwater and seawater. (6/4531)
Soluble antigen of Renibacterium salmoninarum (Rs) was detected by a polyclonal enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at significantly higher prevalences in adult chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha that matured in freshwater than in the same cohort of fish spawned after maturation in seawater. The cumulative results were consistent during 4 yr of comparison at the Little Port Walter Hatchery on Baranof Island, Alaska, USA. Possible causes for this difference are discussed. Maturation of chinook salmon broodstock in seawater has become a practical strategy at this hatchery to reduce the prevalence of Rs-positive parent fish and the numbers of culled eggs. (+info)Presence of Campylobacter and Salmonella in sand from bathing beaches. (7/4531)
The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. and Salmonella spp. in sand from non-EEC standard and EEC standard designated beaches in different locations in the UK and to assess if potentially pathogenic strains were present. Campylobacter spp. were detected in 82/182 (45%) of sand samples and Salmonella spp. in 10/182 (6%). Campylobacter spp. were isolated from 46/92 (50%) of samples from non-EEC standard beaches and 36/90 (40%) from EEC standard beaches. The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was greater in wet sand from both types of beaches but, surprisingly, more than 30% of samples from dry sand also contained these organisms. The major pathogenic species C. jejuni and C. coli were more prevalent in sand from non-EEC standard beaches. In contrast, C. lari and urease positive thermophilic campylobacters, which are associated with seagulls and other migratory birds, were more prevalent in sand from EEC standard beaches. Campylobacter isolates were further characterized by biotyping and serotyping, which confirmed that strains known to be of types associated with human infections were frequently found in sand on bathing beaches. (+info)Combined microautoradiography-16S rRNA probe technique for determination of radioisotope uptake by specific microbial cell types in situ. (8/4531)
We propose a novel method for studying the function of specific microbial groups in situ. Since natural microbial communities are dynamic both in composition and in activities, we argue that the microbial "black box" should not be regarded as homogeneous. Our technique breaks down this black box with group-specific fluorescent 16S rRNA probes and simultaneously determines 3H-substrate uptake by each of the subgroups present via microautoradiography (MAR). Total direct counting, fluorescent in situ hybridization, and MAR are combined on a single slide to determine (i) the percentages of different subgroups in a community, (ii) the percentage of total cells in a community that take up a radioactively labeled substance, and (iii) the distribution of uptake within each subgroup. The method was verified with pure cultures. In addition, in situ uptake by members of the alpha subdivision of the class Proteobacteria (alpha-Proteobacteria) and of the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium group obtained off the California coast and labeled with fluorescent oligonucleotide probes for these subgroups showed that not only do these organisms account for a large portion of the picoplankton community in the sample examined ( approximately 60% of the universal probe-labeled cells and approximately 50% of the total direct counts), but they also are significant in the uptake of dissolved amino acids in situ. Nearly 90% of the total cells and 80% of the cells belonging to the alpha-Proteobacteria and Cytophaga-Flavobacterium groups were detectable as active organisms in amino acid uptake tests. We suggest a name for our triple-labeling technique, substrate-tracking autoradiographic fluorescent in situ hybridization (STARFISH), which should aid in the "dissection" of microbial communities by type and function. (+info)Some common types of fish diseases include:
1. Bacterial infections: These are caused by bacteria such as Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, and Mycobacterium. Symptoms can include fin and tail rot, body slime, and ulcers.
2. Viral infections: These are caused by viruses such as viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) and infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN). Symptoms can include lethargy, loss of appetite, and rapid death.
3. Protozoan infections: These are caused by protozoa such as Cryptocaryon and Ichthyophonus. Symptoms can include flashing, rapid breathing, and white spots on the body.
4. Fungal infections: These are caused by fungi such as Saprolegnia and Achlya. Symptoms can include fuzzy growths on the body and fins, and sluggish behavior.
5. Parasitic infections: These are caused by parasites such as Ichthyophonus and Cryptocaryon. Symptoms can include flashing, rapid breathing, and white spots on the body.
Diagnosis of fish diseases is typically made through a combination of physical examination, laboratory tests, and observation of the fish's behavior and environment. Treatment options vary depending on the type of disease and the severity of symptoms, and can include antibiotics, antifungals, and medicated baths. Prevention is key in managing fish diseases, and this includes maintaining good water quality, providing a balanced diet, and keeping the fish in a healthy environment.
Note: The information provided is a general overview of common fish diseases and their symptoms, and should not be considered as professional medical advice. If you suspect your fish has a disease, it is recommended that you consult with a veterinarian or a qualified aquarium expert for proper diagnosis and treatment.
The bacteria are naturally found in warm seawater and can enter the body through cuts or scrapes on the skin while swimming or playing near the water. People with weakened immune systems, such as those with liver cirrhosis, cancer, or HIV/AIDS, are at a higher risk of developing Vibrio infections.
Types of Vibrio Infections
There are several types of Vibrio bacteria that can cause infections, including:
Vibrio vulnificus: This type of bacteria is found in warm coastal waters and can infect people who have open wounds or weakened immune systems. Vibrio vulnificus infections can be severe and can lead to bloodstream infections, septicemia, and even death.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus: This type of bacteria is found in tropical and subtropical waters and can cause gastrointestinal illness, including diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and fever. In severe cases, Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections can lead to bloodstream infections and other serious complications.
Vibrio alginolyticus: This type of bacteria is found in warm coastal waters and can cause gastrointestinal illness, including diarrhea and abdominal cramps. Vibrio alginolyticus infections are generally less severe than those caused by other types of Vibrio bacteria.
Prevention and Treatment
Preventing Vibrio infections is essential for people who have weakened immune systems or who engage in activities that increase their risk of developing an infection, such as swimming in warm coastal waters. Prevention measures include:
Wound care: People with open wounds should avoid swimming in warm coastal waters until the wounds are fully healed.
Avoiding consumption of raw or undercooked seafood: Raw or undercooked seafood can be a source of Vibrio bacteria, so it's essential to cook seafood thoroughly before eating it.
Using proper first aid: If you experience an injury while swimming in warm coastal waters, clean the wound thoroughly and seek medical attention promptly.
Treatment for Vibrio infections depends on the severity of the infection and may include antibiotics, supportive care, such as intravenous fluids and oxygen therapy, and surgical intervention if necessary. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required.
Preventing and treating Vibrio infections is essential for people who engage in activities that increase their risk of developing an infection. By taking preventive measures and seeking prompt medical attention if symptoms develop, you can reduce the risk of serious complications from these infections.
Infections caused by protozoa (single-celled organisms) that affect animals. Protozoa can cause a wide range of diseases in animals, including coccidiosis, giardiasis, leishmaniasis, and toxoplasmosis. These infections can be transmitted through the feces of infected animals, contaminated food or water, or through the bite of an infected insect.
Some common protozoan infections found in animals include:
1. Coccidiosis: a parasitic infection caused by coccidia, which can affect the intestines and other organs of animals such as dogs, cats, and livestock.
2. Giardiasis: an intestinal infection caused by Giardia, which can affect both domestic animals and wildlife.
3. Leishmaniasis: a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania, which can affect animals such as dogs and cats as well as humans.
4. Toxoplasmosis: an infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii, which can affect a wide range of animals, including cats, dogs, livestock, and wildlife.
Protozoan infections in animals can cause a variety of symptoms, such as diarrhea, vomiting, weight loss, and lethargy, and can be diagnosed through laboratory tests such as fecal examinations or blood tests. Treatment may involve antiparasitic drugs, supportive care, and management of secondary infections. Prevention measures include vaccination, sanitation, and control of insect vectors.
Seawater
Seawater greenhouse
Artificial seawater
Labrador Sea Water
Metre sea water
Minjur Seawater Desalination Plant
Seawater desalination in Australia
Nemmeli Seawater Desalination Plant
Sea water air conditioning
Southern Seawater Desalination Plant
Crop tolerance to seawater
Perth Seawater Desalination Plant
Swedish Baltic Sea Water Award
2006 Mumbai sweet seawater incident
Lymington Open Air Sea Water Baths
Red Sea-Dead Sea Water Conveyance
Okinawa Yanbaru Seawater Pumped Storage Power Station
Dorking
Ocean
Paragorgia arborea
Corpus Christi Bay
San Antonio Bay
Pastoral and Environmental Network in the Horn of Africa
Edmundsella pedata
Matagorda Bay
Liocarcinus pusillus
Macropodia rostrata
Galathea intermedia
Galathea strigosa
Laguna Madre (United States)
Seawater Desalination - HORIBA
How sunlight could turn seawater into freshwater for coastal communities | CNN
Browsing by Subject "Seawater"
Batteries | Free Full-Text | Textile PAN Carbon Fibers Cathode for High-Voltage Seawater Batteries
sea water cooled chillers - Wholesale sea water cooled chillers
Photo of Shallow seawater along northeast coast with corals. Semporna islands, Sabah, Malaysia
Seawater-Associated Highly Pathogenic Francisella hispaniensis Infections Causing Multiple Organ Failure - Volume 26, Number 10...
SOCAR talks on possibility of geological exploration in Aral Sea water area - Trend.Az
88 Sea water CTD Sampling.jpg | Russian-American Long-term Census of the Arctic (RUSALCA)
238)U, ^(234)U and ^(232)Th in seawater - CaltechAUTHORS
Sea Water Fasting and Purification - Deep Down Wellness
Need for Potential Seawater Desalination Technologies - Ampac USA
BITZER // Water-cooled condensers from the P series in seawater-resistant design
Blue Sea Water-Resistant Contura Circuit Breaker Panel, Model 8271 | Camping World
Pearl New Rainbow 912Mm Edison Twins In Seawater Oyster Wish Meaning Funny Birthday Gift For Women Party Diy Jewellery Dr Px
Supporting North America's largest and most energy-efficient seawater desalination plant | Macquarie Group
Persistence of adhesive properties in Vibrio cholerae after long‐term exposure to sea water | CBCB
Seawater-Lubricated Bearings Could Result In Reduced Underwater Radiated Noise
Profile of two young women wading in the sea water, Stock Photo, Picture And Royalty Free Image. Pic. WR0880750 | agefotostock
Animal Bird Seagulls In Sea Water 08, Stock Video - Envato Elements
Reverse Osmosis Systems for Seawater Desalination Manufactured by Applied Membranes, Inc. | Applied Membranes Inc.
Enhanced-warming Kuroshio Current experiences rapid seawater acidification and CO2 increase :: Ocean Carbon & Biogeochemistry
Mauritius Sea & Water activities, Water Ski, Parasailing, Water Sports and Windsurfing - Mauritius Attractions
Simulated seawater flooding reduces oilseed rape growth, yield, and progeny performance
Experimental constraints on Li isotope fractionation during the interaction between kaolinite and seawater - INSU - Institut...
"Polarographic determination of nitrate in sea water" by David Tung-whei Chow and Rex J. Robinson
Seawater Desalination Systems
sea water Archives - Vyus
An integrated metagenomic and metabolite profiling study of hydrocarbon biodegradation and corrosion in navy ships | npj...
Isotope1
- We have developed techniques to determine ^(238)U,^(234)U and ^(232)Th concentrations in seawater by isotope dilution mass spectrometry. (caltech.edu)
Chemistry2
- Coral skeletons reveal the impacts of oil pollution on seawater chemistry in the northern South China Sea. (bvsalud.org)
- Seawater chemistry and climate. (bvsalud.org)
Water10
- One of the technologies for solving this water shortage is seawater desalination technology, and Japan has a 50% share of the world market in seawater desalination technology (reverse osmosis membrane). (horiba.com)
- In this seawater desalination project, water quality measurement is indispensable. (horiba.com)
- Yearly, a fair amount of money goes into turning the widely abundant seawater into fresh water. (ampac1.com)
- It is therefore required to either develop the RO process that does not do so much harm or find some potential seawater desalination technologies that focus on desalinating the water without any harm to the environment. (ampac1.com)
- Heat composite pipes were used to evaporate water from the seawater that was splashed on the pipes through which hot water or gas was passed. (ampac1.com)
- On the notepad Fourteen models of water-cooled shell and tube condensers designed for hydrocarbon refrigerant and seawater operation, and discharge gas desuperheaters. (bitzer.de)
- The Carlsbad Desalination Plant is a seawater reverse-osmosis desalination plant located in Carlsbad, California, producing 54 million gallons of water per day. (macquarie.com)
- The Plant is a true marquee asset in the infrastructure space, being the largest, most technologically advanced and energy-efficient seawater desalination plant in North America, and one of a very limited number of privately held water assets in the USA. (macquarie.com)
- Designed to convert seawater to drinking water, AMI seawater desalination systems use high quality SWRO reverse osmosis seawater desalination membranes and proven technology to give reliable performance. (appliedmembranes.com)
- Convert seawater to drinking water for a continuous supply of potable water in a large variety of land-and-sea based operations. (appliedmembranes.com)
Systems6
- As more and more countries are opting to execute seawater desalination in their regions, it is, in fact, opening windows for advancements, however, there is still potential for the brightest minds to come up with systems that are sustainable and do not harm the environment. (ampac1.com)
- Reverse Osmosis Systems for Seawater Desalination Manufactured by Applied Membranes, Inc. (appliedmembranes.com)
- From small to industrial sized, we offer a full range of both standard and custom engineered Seawater Desalination Reverse Osmosis Systems for applications ranging from yachts, cruise ships, boats to municipalities, hotels, resorts, military, off-shore platforms, and various industrial applications. (appliedmembranes.com)
- Applied Membranes' experience extends beyond standard seawater desalination systems. (appliedmembranes.com)
- We have supplied complete seawater desalination SWRO systems with Energy Recovery, Data Logging, Containerized Systems, Explosion Proof Systems, Portable Systems for Military Operation, and many more from 150 gallons to millions of gallons per day. (appliedmembranes.com)
- In addition to extreme rainfall, a combination of global sea level rise and storm surge is likely to result in frequent episodes of seawater flooding in arable systems along low-lying coasts. (plymouth.ac.uk)
World2
- Rechargeable sodium seawater batteries (SWBs) are gaining the world leadership of high voltage energy storage devices for marine environments. (mdpi.com)
- The environment here is brought into the light due to a seemingly small problem which does not threaten the world right now but probably will if seawater desalination is done in its traditional ways. (ampac1.com)
Photo1
- Photo of Shallow seawater along northeast coast with corals. (molon.de)
Reverse1
- Seawater desalination has been vastly dominated by two simple processes of Reverse Osmosis and distillation. (ampac1.com)
Data3
- A paucity of data make the rates of seawater acidification and partial pressure of CO 2 ( p CO 2 ) rise on ocean margins highly uncertain. (us-ocb.org)
- Graphic summary of 9 years of data from the Kuroshio Current time-series: (a) under the influences of only atmospheric CO2 increase, (b) the combined effect of atmospheric CO2 increase, SST increase, and additional DIC supply, (c) annually averaged air-sea CO2 flux decrease, (d) Projected seawater pCO2 increase under SST rise and sustained DIC increase. (us-ocb.org)
- This provides valuable reference data for accurately identifying and quantifying the effects of oil pollution on TMs in seawater from a spatial and temporal perspective. (bvsalud.org)
Ship1
- The Canadian polymer bearings specialist says the low URN of a ship operating with seawater-lubricated propeller shaft bearings is one of the reasons why the arrangement is favoured by the naval, cruise and fisheries sectors. (marineinsight.com)
Total2
- 234)U/^(238)U can be measured routinely to ± 5‰ (2σ) for a sample of 5 × 10^9 atoms of ^(234)U (3 × 10^(−8) g of total U, 10 ml of seawater). (caltech.edu)
- The results of principal component-multivariate linear regression showed that the total contribution of oil pollution as a source to TMs in surface seawater was 77.2%, where the residence time of TMs (Ni, V, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Fe, and Mo) released from oil spills in surface seawater was approximately 1.4 months. (bvsalud.org)
Year2
- A recent study in Marine Pollution Bulletin documented the rapid increase of seawater pCO 2 (3.70±0.57 matm year -1 ) and acidification (pH at -0.0033±0.0009 unit year -1 ) along Kuroshio in the East China Sea (Figure 1). (us-ocb.org)
- Hence, we investigated the 10-year monthly variation of TMs in Porites coral skeletons from the northern South China Sea (SCS), complemented by spatial distribution of TMs in seawater , sediments and characterization of TMs in fuel oil . (bvsalud.org)
Table1
- We conducted 3 experiments with fresh samples of natural seawater ( Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)
Samples1
- Microplastics in different water samples (seawater, freshwater, and wastewater): Removal efficiency of membrane treatment processes. (bvsalud.org)