AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceGeographicals
SaponinsTriterpenesPanaxSapogeninsGinsenosidesQuillajaOleanolic AcidPanax notoginsengPlant ExtractsRhizomeSapindusPulsatillaPlatycodonPlants, MedicinalDiosgeninCamelliaHemolytic AgentsTomatineSpirostansAraliaTribulusQuillaja SaponinsLiliaceaeSpectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom BombardmentSapindaceaeSaponariaPolygonatumAsparagus PlantCaryophyllaceaeAlbizziaPlant RootsDrugs, Chinese HerbalRubiaceaeDioscoreaPlant BarkDracaenaAstragalus PlantAcaciaPhytotherapyMolecular StructureDipsacaceaePlants, Genetically ModifiedWaterPlant LeavesChinaDirectories as TopicBupleurumAutophagyPhytolaccaCell Membrane PermeabilityPermeabilityTime FactorsMitochondrial Membranes
Saponins: A type of glycoside widely distributed in plants. Each consists of a sapogenin as the aglycone moiety, and a sugar. The sapogenin may be a steroid or a triterpene and the sugar may be glucose, galactose, a pentose, or a methylpentose.TriterpenesPanax: An araliaceous genus of plants that contains a number of pharmacologically active agents used as stimulants, sedatives, and tonics, especially in traditional medicine. Sometimes confused with Siberian ginseng (ELEUTHEROCOCCUS).Sapogenins: The aglucon moiety of a saponin molecule. It may be triterpenoid or steroid, usually spirostan, in nature.Ginsenosides: Dammarane type triterpene saponins based mainly on the aglycones, protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol.Quillaja: A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE whose members produce SAPONINS.Oleanolic Acid: A pentacyclic triterpene that occurs widely in many PLANTS as the free acid or the aglycone for many SAPONINS. It is biosynthesized from lupane. It can rearrange to the isomer, ursolic acid, or be oxidized to taraxasterol and amyrin.Panax notoginseng: A plant species of the genus PANAX. It contains damarane-type tetracyclic TRITERPENES. The common names of Sanchi or Tienchi are also used for Panax pseudoginseng which is distinguished in containing oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenoids.Plant Extracts: Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.Rhizome: Root-like underground horizontal stem of plants that produces shoots above and roots below. Distinguished from true roots which don't have buds and nodes. Similar to true roots in being underground and thickened by storage deposits.Sapindus: A plant genus of the family SAPINDACEAE that contain SAPONINS.Pulsatilla: A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE. Members contain cernuosides and other oleanane and hederagenin saponins.Platycodon: A plant genus of the family CAMPANULACEAE that contains platycodin and other triterpenoid SAPONINS. It is a constituent of kikyo-to (MEDICINE, KAMPO).Plants, Medicinal: Plants whose roots, leaves, seeds, bark, or other constituent parts possess therapeutic, tonic, purgative, curative or other pharmacologic attributes, when administered to man or animals.Diosgenin: A spirostan found in DIOSCOREA and other plants. The 25S isomer is called yamogenin. Solasodine is a natural derivative formed by replacing the spiro-ring with a nitrogen, which can rearrange to SOLANINE.Camellia: A plant genus in the family THEACEAE, order THEALES best known for CAMELLIA SINENSIS which is the source of Oriental TEA.Hemolytic Agents: Substances that are toxic to blood in general, including the clotting mechanism; hematotoxins may refer to the hematopoietic system.Tomatine: An alkaloid that occurs in the extract of leaves of wild tomato plants. It has been found to inhibit the growth of various fungi and bacteria. It is used as a precipitating agent for steroids. (From The Merck Index, 11th ed)Spirostans: Cholestane derivatives containing a fused lactone ring at the 16,17-position and a spiroglycosidic linkage at C-22. Members include sarsaponin, DIOSGENIN and yamogenin.Aralia: A plant genus in the family ARALIACEAE, order Apiales, subclass Rosidae. It includes Aralia californica S. Watson, Aralia nudicaulis L., and Aralia racemosa L.Tribulus: A plant genus of the family ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. Members contain steroidal saponins. Ingestion by grazing animals causes PHOTOSENSITIVITY DISORDERS called geeldikkop (yellow thick head) in South Africa.Quillaja Saponins: Natural detergents made up of a heterogeneous mixture of molecules having a triterpenoid core structure. They vary in aglycone (sapogenin) and sugar moieties, including glucose.Liliaceae: A monocot family within the order Liliales. This family is divided by some botanists into other families such as Convallariaceae, Hyacinthaceae and Amaryllidaceae. Amaryllidaceae, which have inferior ovaries, includes CRINUM; GALANTHUS; LYCORIS; and NARCISSUS and are known for AMARYLLIDACEAE ALKALOIDS.Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment: A mass spectrometric technique that is used for the analysis of a wide range of biomolecules, such as glycoalkaloids, glycoproteins, polysaccharides, and peptides. Positive and negative fast atom bombardment spectra are recorded on a mass spectrometer fitted with an atom gun with xenon as the customary beam. The mass spectra obtained contain molecular weight recognition as well as sequence information.Sapindaceae: The soapberry plant family of the order Sapindales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. Some members contain SAPONINS.Saponaria: A plant species of the family CARYOPHYLLACEAE. It is a source of SAPONINS. The common name "Soapwort" is also used with VACCARIA. The common name of "Bouncing Bet" is occasionally used with VIOLA.Polygonatum: A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Members contain benzoquinones, steroidal saponin, and ribosome-inactivating proteins.Asparagus Plant: A plant genus in the family LILIACEAE (sometimes placed in Asparagaceae) that contains ECDYSTEROIDS and is an ingredient of Siotone. The shoots are used as a vegetable and the roots are used in FOLK MEDICINE.Caryophyllaceae: A plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida. The species are diverse in appearance and habitat; most have swollen leaf and stem joints.Albizzia: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that contains julibroside (triterpenoid saponins).Plant Roots: The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)Drugs, Chinese Herbal: Chinese herbal or plant extracts which are used as drugs to treat diseases or promote general well-being. The concept does not include synthesized compounds manufactured in China.Rubiaceae: The Madder plant family of the order Rubiales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida includes important medicinal plants that provide QUININE; IPECAC; and COFFEE. They have opposite leaves and interpetiolar stipules.Dioscorea: A plant genus best known for edible underground tubers. Yam may also refer to a moist variety of sweet potato, IPOMOEA BATATAS.Plant Bark: The outer layer of the woody parts of plants.Dracaena: A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. The common name of "dragon's blood" is also used for CROTON and Daemonorops (ARECACEAE).Astragalus Plant: A plant genus in the family FABACEAE, subfamily Papilionaceae, order Fabales, subclass Rosidae. Many of the species are associated with poisoning of grazing animals. Some of the species are used medicinally.Acacia: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The gums and tanning agents obtained from Acacia are called GUM ARABIC. The common name of catechu is more often used for Areca catechu (ARECA).Phytotherapy: Use of plants or herbs to treat diseases or to alleviate pain.Molecular Structure: The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.Dipsacaceae: A plant family of the order Dipsacales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. It is sometimes called the teasel family.Plants, Genetically Modified: PLANTS, or their progeny, whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING.Water: A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Plant Leaves: Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)China: A country spanning from central Asia to the Pacific Ocean.Directories as Topic: Lists of persons or organizations, systematically arranged, usually in alphabetic or classed order, giving address, affiliations, etc., for individuals, and giving address, officers, functions, and similar data for organizations. (ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)Bupleurum: A plant genus of the family APIACEAE that is the source of bupleurum root and of bupleurotoxin and is an ingredient of sho-saiko-to.Autophagy: The segregation and degradation of damaged or unwanted cytoplasmic constituents by autophagic vacuoles (cytolysosomes) composed of LYSOSOMES containing cellular components in the process of digestion; it plays an important role in BIOLOGICAL METAMORPHOSIS of amphibians, in the removal of bone by osteoclasts, and in the degradation of normal cell components in nutritional deficiency states.Phytolacca: A plant genus of the family PHYTOLACCACEAE, order Caryophyllales.Cell Membrane Permeability: A quality of cell membranes which permits the passage of solvents and solutes into and out of cells.Permeability: Property of membranes and other structures to permit passage of light, heat, gases, liquids, metabolites, and mineral ions.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Mitochondrial Membranes: The two lipoprotein layers in the MITOCHONDRION. The outer membrane encloses the entire mitochondrion and contains channels with TRANSPORT PROTEINS to move molecules and ions in and out of the organelle. The inner membrane folds into cristae and contains many ENZYMES important to cell METABOLISM and energy production (MITOCHONDRIAL ATP SYNTHASE).

Nitric oxide inhibits cardiac energy production via inhibition of mitochondrial creatine kinase. (1/1244)

Nitric oxide biosynthesis in cardiac muscle leads to a decreased oxygen consumption and lower ATP synthesis. It is suggested that this effect of nitric oxide is mainly due to the inhibition of the mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme, cytochrome c oxidase. However, this work demonstrates that nitric oxide is able to inhibit soluble mitochondrial creatine kinase (CK), mitochondrial CK bound in purified mitochondria, CK in situ in skinned fibres as well as the functional activity of mitochondrial CK in situ in skinned fibres. Since mitochondrial isoenzyme is functionally coupled to oxidative phosphorylation, its inhibition also leads to decreased sensitivity of mitochondrial respiration to ADP and thus decreases ATP synthesis and oxygen consumption under physiological ADP concentrations.  (+info)

Comparison of synthetic saponin cholesterol absorption inhibitors in rabbits: evidence for a non-stoichiometric, intestinal mechanism of action. (2/1244)

The hypocholesterolemic activities of pamaqueside and tiqueside, two structurally similar saponins, were evaluated in cholesterol-fed rabbits. The pharmacological profiles of the saponins were virtually identical: both dose-dependently decreased the intestinal absorption of labeled cholesterol 25-75%, increased fecal neutral sterol excretion up to 2.5-fold, and decreased hepatic cholesterol content 10-55%. High doses of pamaqueside (>5 mg/kg) or tiqueside (>125 mg/kg) completely prevented hypercholesterolemia. Decreases in plasma and hepatic cholesterol levels were strongly correlated with increased neutral sterol excretion. Ratios of neutral sterol excreted to pamaqueside administered were greater than 1:1 at all doses, in opposition to the formation of a stoichiometric complex previously suggested for tiqueside and other saponins. Ratios in tiqueside-treated rabbits were less than unity, a reflection of its lower potency. Pamaqueside-treated rabbits exhibited a more rapid decline in plasma cholesterol concentrations than control animals fed a cholesterol-free diet, indicating that the compound also inhibited the absorption of biliary cholesterol. Intravenous administration of pamaqueside had no effect on plasma cholesterol levels despite plasma levels twice those observed in rabbits given pamaqueside orally. These data indicate that pamaqueside and tiqueside induce hypocholesterolemia by blocking lumenal cholesterol absorption via a mechanism that apparently differs from the stoichiometric complexation of cholesterol hypothesized for other saponins.  (+info)

Extraction and analysis of cosmetic active ingredients from an anti-cellulitis transdermal delivery system by high-performance liquid chromatography. (3/1244)

A new transdermal delivery system that controls cellulitis is evaluated using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection. An extraction procedure and the validation of the analytical method to assay the active excipients from the Centella asiatica plant (asiaticoside, madacessic acid, and asiatic acid) are described. Excellent results ae obtained in terms of linearity, accuracy, and specificity of the analytical method.  (+info)

Effect of alpha-hederin on hepatic detoxifying systems in mice. (4/1244)

AIM: To examine whether alpha-hederin (Hed) modulates hepatic detoxifying systems as a means of hepatoprotection. METHODS: Mice were injected Hed 10 and 30 mumol.kg-1 sc for 3 d, and liver cytosols were prepared 24 h after the last dose to study antioxidant enzymes and nonenzymatic defense components. RESULTS: Hed increased liver glutathione (GSH) content (20%), but had no effect on GSH peroxidase, GSH reductase, and GSH S-transferase. The activities of superoxide dismutase and quinone reductase were unaffected by Hed treatment. At the high dose of Hed, catalase activity was decreased by 20%. Hepatic content of metallothionein was dramatically increased (50-fold), along with elevations of hepatic Zn and Cu concentrations (25%-80%). Hed also increased ascorbic acid concentration (20%), but no effect on alpha-tocopherol in liver. CONCLUSION: Hed enhanced some nonenzymatic antioxidant components in liver, which play a partial role in Hed protection against hepatotoxicity produced by some chemicals.  (+info)

Effect of saponins of Panax notoginseng on synaptosomal 45Ca uptake. (5/1244)

AIM: To explore the calcium uptake antagonism of saponins of Panax notoginseng (PNS). METHODS: Synaptosomes were prepared from rat cerebral cortex by using differential Ficoll gradients. The effects of PNS on synaptosomal 45Ca uptake were measured in vitro or after acute treatment. RESULTS: PNS 50-800 mg.L-1 produced a concentration-rated inhibition of Ca2+ uptake [IC50 = 111 (46-176) mg.L-1]. Both initial and maximal uptake were inhibited. Similar effect was obtained after acute PNS treatment with 200 mg.kg-1 i.p. The blocking effect of PNS was reversed by calcium in media. CONCLUSION: PNS is a calcium channel blocker in neurons.  (+info)

Novel techniques for in vivo hemolysis studies in guinea pigs. (6/1244)

The in vivo toxic-hemolytic studies using small experimental animals are complicated by difficulties in preventing hemolysis during repeated collection of blood specimens and in measuring hemoglobin concentration in small amounts of plasma sample. To solve these problems we tried to develope the new techniques for the in vivo hemolysis studies using guinea pigs. The hemolysis accident was minimized to 2.75 mg/dl by collecting the blood directly into heparinized microhematocrit tubes by small longitudinal incision in the auricular artery. The hemoglobin in a small amount of sample (10 microliters) was determined by the new analytical system using a microflow spectrophotometer with a modified cyanmethemoglobin method. The standard curve of the hemoglobin concentration in the system revealed a line of Y = 1.8X + 0.79 (r = 0.999), CV < 1% with a minimum detectable concentration of 1.25 mg/dl. By using the new techniques, it was found that the plasma hemoglobin concentration in normal animals were 7.27 +/- 0.44 mg/dl (mean +/- S.E.). The in vivo hemolytic activity of saponin was observed dose-dependently at doses of 30-50 mg/kg, i.v. in the guinea pigs. It is concluded that the present techniques are useful for in vivo hemolytic studies in small experimental animals such as guinea pigs.  (+info)

The hemolytic activity of bracken extracts in guinea pigs. (7/1244)

This study was conducted to elucidate the hemolytic activity of a new toxic substance in bracken fern. A crude extract (CE) was prepared from the methanol extracts of bracken by the column chromatography. When the CE was injected subcutaneously in guinea pigs, the hemoglobinuria and hemolysis were observed within 6 hr, and 3 days later edema and hemorrhages in the urinary bladder were observed. The CE was then fractionated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and three (HF, BF and CF) of the fractions showed the toxic activities in guinea pigs. The HF caused the hemolysis, whereas both the BF and the CF caused the hemorrhagic cystitis without any hemolytic activities. The HF was further fractionated by the HPLC, resulting of the 3 fractions (HF-I, II and III). The hemolysis was caused only with the HF-II, and HF-II as well as HF did not cause the hemorrhagic cystitis. HPLC analysis revealed that both BF and CF contains braxin B and braxin C, respectively, and both HF and HF-II do not contain braxin A, B or C. These facts suggest that bracken fern contains a new toxic substance (hemolysin) which induces the acute hemolysis in guinea pigs.  (+info)

Immune-stimulating complexes induce an IL-12-dependent cascade of innate immune responses. (8/1244)

The development of subunit vaccines requires the use of adjuvants that act by stimulating components of the innate immune response. Immune-stimulating complexes (ISCOMS) containing the saponin adjuvant Quil A are potential vaccine vectors that induce a wide range of Ag-specific responses in vivo encompassing both humoral and CD4 and CD8 cell-mediated immune responses. ISCOMS are active by both parenteral and mucosal routes, but the basis for their adjuvant properties is unknown. Here we have investigated the ability of ISCOMS to recruit and activate innate immune responses as measured in peritoneal exudate cells. The i.p. injection of ISCOMS induced intense local inflammation, with early recruitment of neutrophils and mast cells followed by macrophages, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes. Many of the recruited cells had phenotypic evidence of activation and secreted a number of inflammatory mediators, including nitric oxide, reactive oxygen intermediates, IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, and IFN-gamma. Of the factors that we investigated further only IL-12 appeared to be essential for the immunogenicity of ISCOMS, as IL-6- and inducible nitric oxide synthase knockout (KO) mice developed normal immune responses to OVA in ISCOMS, whereas these responses were markedly reduced in IL-12KO mice. The recruitment of peritoneal exudate cells following an injection of ISCOMS was impaired in IL-12KO mice, indicating a role for IL-12 in establishing the proinflammatory cascade. Thus, ISCOMS prime Ag-specific immune responses at least in part by activating IL-12-dependent aspects of the innate immune system.  (+info)

Inria - Triterpene saponins of Quillaja saponaria show strong aphicidal and deterrent activity against the pea aphid...Inria - Triterpene saponins of Quillaja saponaria show strong aphicidal and deterrent activity against the pea aphid...
BACKGROUND: Saponins are a class of secondary plant metabolites consisting of a sugar moiety glycosidically linked to a hydrophobic aglycone (sapogenin) that often possess insecticidal activities. Four saponins were selected: two triterpene saponins, Q. saponaria saponins and aescin, and two steroidal saponins, digitonin and diosgenin. Their effects were investigated on an important pest species and a model piercing-sucking insect, the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. The triterpene Q. saponaria saponins bark saponin received special attention because of its high activity. Aphids were challenged by oral and contact exposure to demonstrate aphicidal activities, and in choice experiments to support use as a natural deterrent. RESULTS: When aphids were exposed to supplemented artificial diet for 3 days, a strong aphicidal activity was recorded for three of the four saponins, with an LC50 of 0.55 mg mL(-1) for Q. saponaria saponins, 0.62 mg mL(-1) for aescin and 0.45 mg mL(-1) for digitonin. The LT50 values
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Saponins from Chinese Medicines as Anticancer AgentsMolecules | Free Full-Text | Saponins from Chinese Medicines as Anticancer Agents
Saponins are glycosides with triterpenoid or spirostane aglycones that demonstrate various pharmacological effects against mammalian diseases. To promote the research and development of anticancer agents from saponins, this review focuses on the anticancer properties of several typical naturally derived triterpenoid saponins (ginsenosides and saikosaponins) and steroid saponins (dioscin, polyphyllin, and timosaponin) isolated from Chinese medicines. These saponins exhibit in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects, such as anti-proliferation, anti-metastasis, anti-angiogenesis, anti-multidrug resistance, and autophagy regulation actions. In addition, related signaling pathways and target proteins involved in the anticancer effects of saponins are also summarized in this work.
China Saponins, China Saponins Manufacturers and Suppliers on Alibaba.comChina Saponins, China Saponins Manufacturers and Suppliers on Alibaba.com
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IHC/saponin -ReplyIHC/saponin -Reply
Patricia, I have also been following the saponin story with respect to cytokine staining. All the protocols Ive seen differ in other respects but all use .1% saponin. One article I read used saponin for cytokines but omitted it for T-cell staining. I am doing a run as we speak w/ saponin and have used .1-.2% saponin Im not sure but I dont think .1% is critical. As far as I understand it saponin is used for cytokines and not cell surface marker, What are you looking for? Background could be one of many things: Block (serum from same species as secondary is made in.) Secondary try diluting it out, for cytokine they use 1:500 in some articles. Incomplete Quenching of peroxidase. Hope this helps. Lastly I use saponin in everything up to and including ABC(vector elite). Jamie Erickson Genetics Institute ...
Production of oleanane-type sapogenin in transgenic rice via expression of β-amyrin synthase gene from Panax japonicus C. A....Production of oleanane-type sapogenin in transgenic rice via expression of β-amyrin synthase gene from Panax japonicus C. A....
Triterpenoid saponins are formed by different cyclization reactions of squalene. The synthesis of squalene is the branch point of the central isoprenoid pathway. It occurs at the triterpenoid saponin biosynthetic branch [11, 13, 14]. 2, 3-oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs), the rate-limiting enzymes in triterpenoid saponins and sterols biosynthesis branches, catalyze 2,3-oxidosqualene, which results in the formation of the triterpenoid skeleton, cycloartenol, and other compounds. With further modifications, these compounds can form a variety of triterpenoid saponins, phytosterols, and other macromolecules.. The type and catalytic function of OSCs differ between ginseng plants and rice. The OSCs of ginseng plants are mainly β-amyrin synthase (βAS) and dammarenediol-II synthase (DS). These catalyze 2,3-oxidosqualene to produce oleanane-type and dammarane-type substances, namely, β-amyrin and dammarenediol-II, respectively. Rice OSC is a cycloartenol synthase (CS) that catalyzes 2,3-oxidosqualene to ...
Quinoa Archives - WODMasters: Stiff CompetitionQuinoa Archives - WODMasters: Stiff Competition
Some people in the CrossFit and the Paleo communities believe saponins are dangerous and will damage the intestines. Quinoa does contain saponins. Followers of the paleo diet have placed quinoa on the forbidden list for this reason. However, saponins are a class of chemical. There are many different saponins. There are good ones and bad ones (Francis et al. 2002). Some saponins can damage cell membranes. However, others are beneficial. Some saponins are protective and serve as anti-oxidants. The Saponin arjunolic acid is one of these. This saponin has been proposed as a possible treatment for diabetes. P-coumaric acid, another saponin that is present in quinoa, may reduce risk of colon cancer. It is also an anti-oxidant. Like curcumin. Saponins are also found in many other healthful foods such as vegetables and tea.. Some people think that increasing selenium intake will increase testosterone levels. But, that is probably not true. You can read more about that here.. ...
Investigations on Green Preparation of Heavy Metal Saponin ComplexesInvestigations on Green Preparation of Heavy Metal Saponin Complexes
Green preparation of heavy metal saponin complexes has been successfully optimized by direct combination between crude extract of Olea Europaea and Citrus Aurantium with divalent heavy metals, Pb2+ and Cd2+. The main operating factors affecting preparation process were investigated and evaluated in terms of setting time, heavy metal ion concentration, crude extract concentration, and pH value of the medium. Saponin complexes had been prepared using the optimum concentrations of heavy metal ions (120 ppm) and optimum concentration of crude extract (600 ppm) in the slightly alkaline medium. The presence of saponin in plants was confirmed by chemical tests and UV/Vis analysis. Amount of prepared saponine complexes has the order: (Pb/Olive) | (Cd/Olive) | (Pb/Citrus) | (Cd/Citrus). In this process, saponins was isolated and heavy metals were eliminated by a simple, faster and without a huge amount of solvents. The process itself seems to be green isolation of saponins from plants, green removal of heavy
Nowe badania nad saponinami ujawniają ich liczne lecznicze właściwości - Kosmos - Volume 54, Issue 4 (2005) - PSJD - YaddaNowe badania nad saponinami ujawniają ich liczne lecznicze właściwości - Kosmos - Volume 54, Issue 4 (2005) - PSJD - Yadda
Saponins (saponosides) belong to a group of secondary metabolites, widely distributed mainly, but not exclusively, among plants. They are reported to occur in over 500 species from over 90 families of both edible and nonedible plants. Chemically, saponins are glycosides consisting of a sugar moiety and non-sugar aglycone, called also sapogenin. Depending on the number of sugar chains attached to the aglycone, mono-, bi- and tridesmosides are distinguished. According to the structure of aglycone, saponins are classified into steroidal and triterpenoid. Common for all types of saponins are their surface-active properties and the ability to form a stable foam in water solutions. This property makes saponins applicable as components of household detergents and fire extinguishers. Saponins have a high ability to bind to cell membrane sterols, which is responsible at least in part for their biological activities. They reveal also strong haemolytic properties, which differ depending on the saponin type ...
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If you are planning to wholesale saponins from one of the professional China saponins manufacturers and suppliers, please feel free to contact Baoji Herbest BiO-Tech Co.,Ltd.
Patent US5603951 - Cyclosporin-containing soft capsule compositions - Google PatentsPatent US5603951 - Cyclosporin-containing soft capsule compositions - Google Patents
The present invention relates to a soft capsule composition containing a stable microemulsion concentrate which is more stable and suitable for the preparation of cyclosporin-containing soft capsules. More specifically, the present invention relates to a microemulsion concentrate containing cyclosporin as an active ingredient, dimethylisosorbide as a co-surfactant, one component or a mixture of two or more selected from the group consisting of an esterified compound of fatty acid and primary alcohol, medium chain fatty acid triglyceride and monoglyceride as an oil component, and a surfactant having HLB value of 10 to 17, such as Nikkol HCO-50 or Tween 20, which is suitable for formulation into soft capsules and to a soft capsule composition containing said microemulsion concentrate. In the microemulsion concentrate according to the present invention, cyclosporin, dimethylisosorbide, the oil component and the surfactant are present in the ratio of 1:11-5:1-5:3-6, preferably 1:3-4:1.5-3:4-6, and
China Saponin Market by Manufacturers, Regions (Province), Type and Application, Forecast to 2022 : ReportsnReportsChina Saponin Market by Manufacturers, Regions (Province), Type and Application, Forecast to 2022 : ReportsnReports
[121 Pages Report] Check for Discount on China Saponin Market by Manufacturers, Regions (Province), Type and Application, Forecast to 2022 report by Global Info Research. Saponins are a class of chemical compounds found in particular...
Relationship Between Saponin Content in Alfalfa and Aphid Development - Acta Biologica Cracoviensia s. Botanica - PAN...Relationship Between Saponin Content in Alfalfa and Aphid Development - Acta Biologica Cracoviensia s. Botanica - PAN...
PAN Czytelnia Czasopism, Relationship Between Saponin Content in Alfalfa and Aphid Development - Acta Biologica Cracoviensia s. Botanica
Researchers cited MBF systems in 29 papers between 6/30/2017 to 7/14/2017Researchers cited MBF systems in 29 papers between 6/30/2017 to 7/14/2017
Abdurakhmanova, S., Chary, K., Kettunen, M., Sierra, A., & Panula, P. (2017). Behavioral and stereological characterization of Hdc KO mice: relation to Tourette syndrome. Journal of Comparative Neurology, n/a-n/a. doi: 10.1002/cne.24279.. Arathoon, L. R., Gleave, J. A., Trinh, D., Lizal, K. E., Giguère, N., Barber, J. H. M., . . . Nash, J. E. (2017). Sirtuin 3 rescues neurons through the stabilisation of mitochondrial biogenetics in the virally-expressing mutant α-synuclein rat model of parkinsonism. Neurobiology of Disease. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2017.06.009.. Chen, L., Wang, X., Lin, Z.-X., Dai, J.-G., Huang, Y.-F., & Zhao, Y.-N. (2017). Preventive Effects of Ginseng Total Saponins on Chronic Corticosterone-Induced Impairment in Astrocyte Structural Plasticity and Hippocampal Atrophy. Phytotherapy Research, n/a-n/a. doi: 10.1002/ptr.5859.. Collette, J. C., Choubey, L., & Smith, K. M. (2017). -Glial and stem cell expression of murine Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 in the ...
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Stereo Investigator:. Celiker, F. B., Tumkaya, L., Mercantepe, T., Beyazal, M., Turan, A., Beyazal Polat, H., . . . Yilmaz, A. (2018). Effects of Gadodiamide and Gadoteric Acid on Rat Kidneys: A Comparative Study. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 0(0). doi: 10.1002/jmri.26266.. Cope, E. C., LaMarca, E. A., Monari, P. K., Olson, L. B., Martinez, S., Zych, A. D., . . . Gould, E. (2018). Microglia play an active role in obesity-associated cognitive decline. [10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0789-18.2018]. The Journal of Neuroscience. doi: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0789-18.2018. Dandanell, S., Meinild-Lundby, A.-K., Andersen, A. B., Lang, P. F., Oberholzer, L., Keiser, S., . . . Lundby, C. (2018). Determinants of maximal whole body fat oxidation in elite cross-country skiers: role of skeletal muscle mitochondria. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 0(ja). doi: 10.1111/sms.13298.. Ghuman, H., Mauney, C., Donnelly, J., Massensini, A. R., Badylak, S. F., & Modo, M. (2018). ...
ChemInform Abstract: A Systematic NMR Approach for the Determination of the Molecular Structure of Steroidal Saponins<span><...ChemInform Abstract: A Systematic NMR Approach for the Determination of the Molecular Structure of Steroidal Saponins<span><...
ChemInform Abstract: A Systematic NMR Approach for the Determination of the Molecular Structure of Steroidal Saponins|span||/span| | P. K. AGRAWAL | download | BookSC. Download books for free. Find books
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United States Saponin Market by Manufacturers, States, Type and Application, Forecast to 2022 - Market Study ReportUnited States Saponin Market by Manufacturers, States, Type and Application, Forecast to 2022 - Market Study Report
Saponins are a class of chemical compounds found in particular abundance in various plant species. More specifically, they are amphipathic glycosides grouped phenomenologically by the soap-like foaming they produce when shaken in aqueous solutions, a...
Saponins | OMANISA ROSS NDSaponins | OMANISA ROSS ND
Paleo proponents list saponins in legumes as one of the reasons why we shouldnt eat them. Wow! As a herbalist, saponins are one of my favourite herbal constituents. You cant select one single action a plant-chemical possesses and then conclude that this one action sums up the entire purpose and existence of this plant chemical…
Journal: Food chemistry / Publication Year: 2006 / Source: 2006 v.99 no.2 / Subject: temperature - PubAg Search ResultsJournal: Food chemistry / Publication Year: 2006 / Source: 2006 v.99 no.2 / Subject: temperature - PubAg Search Results
DDMP saponin can be converted to saponin B by the loss of its DDMP group (2,3-dihydro-2,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one). The stability of DDMP saponin from pea was investigated under various conditions (temperature, ethanol concentration, pH). DDMP saponin in water was observed to be unstable at acidic and alkaline pHs, and to have an optimal stability around pH 7. In water, DDMP saponin beca ...
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IF Protocol with Saponin Permeabilization | CSTIF Protocol with Saponin Permeabilization | CST
Immunofluorescence Protocol with Saponin Permeabilization: easy to follow directions describing the step by step experimental procedure.
Saponins in food, feedstuffs, and medicinal plants / edited by W. Oleszek and A. Marston. book online read or downloadSaponins in food, feedstuffs, and medicinal plants / edited by W. Oleszek and A. Marston. book online read or download
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Soap Plants saponinsSoap Plants saponins
These saponins, however, are not without their uses and one of their properties is to form a lather in water that is a gentle but effective cleaner...
Preliminary Investigations on the Role of Alfalfa Saponin in Ruminant Bloat | SciencePreliminary Investigations on the Role of Alfalfa Saponin in Ruminant Bloat | Science
Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about Science.. NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.. ...
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Upon entering our digestive tract, anti-nutrients irritate the intestinal tract resulting in intestinal permeability - in other words, wheat (breads, pasta, pizza, cereal) containing gliadin and glutenin, potatoes containing glycoalkaloids and saponins, and legumes containing saponins and lectins - all of those foods irritate the lining of the gastrointestinal tract, breaking down the the natural barrier of the intestinal wall. This breakdown of the intestinal wall is sometimes referred to as leaky gut syndrome. Intestinal permeability is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation (resulting in diverticulitis), inappropriate immune responses (allergies), and autoimmune diseases (such as celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBS), rheumatoid arthritis, Type 1 diabetes, and Multiple Sclerosis).. For the record, sweet potatoes and yams do not contain saponins or glycoalkaloids.. ...
Quinoa and Oatmeal Cereal Heart Healthy Recipe - Food.comQuinoa and Oatmeal Cereal Heart Healthy Recipe - Food.com
Oatmeal contains a balanced soluble and insoluble fiber, which reduces your low-density lipoprotein (LDL), the bad cholesterol. Walnuts can significantly reduce blood cholesterol, rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, walnuts also help keep blood vessels healthy and elastic. Cinnamon and honey together reduces the cholesterol in the arteries, lowering LDL cholesterol; helps heart health! A key nutrient in raisins and bananas is potassium which may help reduce the risk of stroke, lower blood pressure, reduce risk of heart arrhythmias. Apples have no fat, cholesterol or sodium, and contain small amounts of potassium, which may promote heart health. Take note: Commercial cultivation of quinoa removes much of the soapy saponins that coats the seeds, I would still thoroughly wash the seeds to remove any remaining saponin residue. Place the quinoa in a fine-meshed strainer, gently rubbing the seeds together with your hands while water runs over the seeds. Quinoa a very good source of magnesium, t
California Ivy Poisoning in Cats - Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Recovery, Management, CostCalifornia Ivy Poisoning in Cats - Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Recovery, Management, Cost
When eaten by a cat, the leaves and berries of the California ivy create a toxic reaction. This is due to the many different triterpenoid saponins and the highly allergic falcarinol which are found mainly in the foliage of the plant. - Wag! (formerly Vetary)
Intracellular staining for transcription factors in human dendritic cells | Scientist SolutionsIntracellular staining for transcription factors in human dendritic cells | Scientist Solutions
Hi! If you want to try your own, initially surface stain as usual for DCs (CD11c, MHCII, CD86 etc) if you want. Wash well, resuspend in minimal volume, fix with 4% neutralized PFA or 10% neutral buffered formalin at RT for ~30 mins. Permeabilize with excess volume of 0.25% saponin+0.05%TX-100 in PS/HBSS containing 0.5% low Ig serum for 15 min. (You can pre-prepare everything, but add the saponin immediately prior to staining). Wash 2x to ensure no trace of fixative remains ...
Tubeimoside ITubeimoside I
Objective: Leukemia inhibitory aspect (LIF) plays essential roles in Tubeimoside I mobile proliferation growth promotion and differentiation of various types of target cells. cells to produce the His6-hLIF fusion protein. Results: This straightforward method produced a biologically active recombinant hLIF protein in that offers long-term storage ability. This procedure offers provided rapid cost effective purification of a soluble hLIF protein that is biologically active and practical as measured in mouse ESCs and iPSCs (22-24). Here we have described a straightforward technique to make dynamic recombinant hLIF proteins in E biologically. coli with long-term storage space capabilities. This process provides rapid affordable purification of soluble hLIF protein thats biologically functional and active. This protocol may be used to produce other growth factors Additionally. Materials and Strategies Isolation of hLIF cDNA Within this experimental research Total RNA from individual ESCs was ...
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PQR | (3beta,5beta)-3-{[6-deoxy-4-o-(beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-alpha-l-mannopyranosyl]oxy}-5,14-dihydroxy-19-oxocard-20(22)-enolidePQR | (3beta,5beta)-3-{[6-deoxy-4-o-(beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-alpha-l-mannopyranosyl]oxy}-5,14-dihydroxy-19-oxocard-20(22)-enolide
You are viewing an interactive 3D depiction of the molecule (3beta,5beta)-3-{[6-deoxy-4-o-(beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-alpha-l-mannopyranosyl]oxy}-5,14-dihydroxy-19-oxocard-20(22)-enolide (C35H34O15) from the PQR.
Smz 800 160 Tab With Night Quil - MedsChatSmz 800 160 Tab With Night Quil - MedsChat
I Took my last pill but have been feeling like a small fever/headache for 3 days straight so I took night quil is it bad to mix?... ## Hello, Jay! How are you? Not from what Ive found listed, if you just took the regular Nyquil, but its always best to double check such information to be su
NOVARTIS ATOPICA 50 MG FOR DOGS BETWEEN 7.5 AND 36 KG 60 CAPSULES - DietVetNOVARTIS ATOPICA 50 MG FOR DOGS BETWEEN 7.5 AND 36 KG 60 CAPSULES - DietVet
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Rabif - PCR Primer Pair - Probe | PrimePCR | Bio-RadRabif - PCR Primer Pair - Probe | PrimePCR | Bio-Rad
This is the amplicon context sequence in accordance with the minimum information for the publication of real-time quantitative PCR experiements (MIQE) guidelines. For more details, please refer to the following publication, "Primer Sequence Disclosure: A Clarification of the MIQE Guidelines." ...
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Facile Synthesis of the Naturally Cytotoxic Triterpenoid Saponin Patrinia-Glycoside B-II and Its...Molecules | Free Full-Text | Facile Synthesis of the Naturally Cytotoxic Triterpenoid Saponin Patrinia-Glycoside B-II and Its...
The first chemical synthesis of the natural triterpenoid saponin Patrinia-glycoside B-II, namely oleanolic acid 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-gluco-pyranosyl-(1→3)]-α-L-arabinopyranoside, has been accomplished in a linear 11-step sequence 11 with 9.4% overall yield. The abnormal 1C4 conformation of the arabinose residue was found to occur via conformational fluctuation during preparation of the intermediates. Molecular mechanism and quantum chemistry calculations showed that Patrinia-glycoside B-II and its conformer 1 cannot interconvert under normal conditions. Preliminary structure-activity relationships studies indicated that the 4C1 chair conformation of the arabinose residue in the unique α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl disaccharide moiety is one of the chief positive factors responsible for its cytotoxic activity against tumors.
The effects of ginseng saponins on the growth and metabolism of human diploid fibroblasts - Murdoch University Research...The effects of ginseng saponins on the growth and metabolism of human diploid fibroblasts - Murdoch University Research...
The action of ginseng saponins on cell numbers, glucose uptake and lactate production and the activities of specific enzymes associated with glucose oxidation, was tested using a human diploid fibroblast strain. No augmentation of cell numbers was observed. There was a significant increase in the level of cellular lactate levels and in the specific activities of enzymes associated with an anaerobic shift in metabolism. The possible relationship between these findings and the reputed efficacy of ginseng administration in the elderly is discussed.. ...
Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne - Selective Profiling of Saponins from Gypsophila trichotoma Wend. by HILIC Separation...Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne - Selective Profiling of Saponins from Gypsophila trichotoma Wend. by HILIC Separation...
Introduction Roots of Gypsophila trichotoma Wend. (Caryophyllaceae) are rich sources of glucuronide oleanane‐type triterpenoid carboxylic acid 3,28‐O‐bidesmosides (GOTCABs). These saponins have been reported to possess synergistic cytotoxicity in combination with type I ribosome‐inactivating protein saporin. Objective To develop ultra high‐performance liquid chromatography - electrospray ionisation/high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐ESI/HRMS) acquisition strategy for the recognition of Gypsophila GOTCAB saponins. Methodology A highly‐selective hydrophilic interaction UHPLC method (Si‐HILIC UHPLC) was developed for the separation of GOTCAB saponins from the methanol‐aqueous root extract of G. trichotoma (GTR). UHPLC was coupled to an Orbitrap mass spectrometer equipped with heated electrospray ionisation (HESI) probe. ESI‐HRMS and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) data of the separated compounds was used for saponins structure assignment. Results Based on the conformity
Astragaloside IV prevents damage to human mesangial cells through the inhibition of the NADPH oxidase/ROS/Akt/NF-κB pathway...Astragaloside IV prevents damage to human mesangial cells through the inhibition of the NADPH oxidase/ROS/Akt/NF-κB pathway...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Astragaloside IV prevents damage to human mesangial cells through the inhibition of the NADPH oxidase/ROS/Akt/NF-κB pathway under high glucose conditions. AU - Sun, L. I.. AU - Li, Weiping. AU - Li, Weizu. AU - Xiong, L. I.. AU - Li, Guiping. AU - Ma, Rong. PY - 2014/7. Y1 - 2014/7. N2 - Glomerular hypertrophy and hyperfiltration are the two major pathological characteristics of the early stages of diabetic nephropathy (DN), which are respectively related to mesangial cell (MC) proliferation and a decrease in calcium influx conducted by canonical transient receptor potential cation channel 6 (TRPC6). The marked increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by hyperglycemia is the main sponsor of multiple pathological pathways in DN. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase is an important source of ROS production in MCs. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is an active ingredient of Radix Astragali which has a potent antioxidative effect. In this ...
ISCOMATRIX Adjuvant Combines Immune Activation with Antigen Delivery to Dendritic Cells In Vivo Leading to Effective Cross...ISCOMATRIX Adjuvant Combines Immune Activation with Antigen Delivery to Dendritic Cells In Vivo Leading to Effective Cross...
ISCOMATRIX adjuvant-based vaccines hold promise for generating effective CTL responses against tumors (19). In this study, we investigated mechanisms of action of ISCOMATRIX adjuvant and an OVA/ISCOM vaccine. We used the ISCOM vaccine rather than the ISCOMATRIX vaccine to be sure that the Ag and adjuvant were associated, thereby enabling labeling of the Ag to track the formulation. We found that ISCOM vaccines 1) induce potent immune activation in VDLNs, 2) effectively target Ag to DCs in vivo, 3) induce DC maturation and IL-12 production in vivo, 4) facilitate Ag cross-presentation by CD8α+ DCs, and 5) mediate a cellular immune response leading to tumor protection and T cell memory induction.. Immune activation by an ISCOMATRIX vaccine has been demonstrated by lymphatic cannulation in sheep with the transient appearance of proinflammatory cytokines in efferent lymph, including IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1β (27). Consistent with this report, we found high levels of bioactive IL-1β and IL-6 in ...
Steroidal saponins from the fruits of Cestrum ruizteranianum<...Steroidal saponins from the fruits of Cestrum ruizteranianum<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Steroidal saponins from the fruits of Cestrum ruizteranianum. AU - Galarraga, Elier M.. AU - Mitaine-Offer, Anne Claire. AU - Amaro-Luis, Juan Manuel. AU - Miyamoto, Tomofumi. AU - Tanaka, Chiaki. AU - Pouységu, Laurent. AU - Quideau, Stéphane. AU - Rojas, Luis B.. AU - Lacaille-Duboisa, Marie Aleth. PY - 2011. Y1 - 2011. N2 - Seven spirostane and furostane-type glycosides were isolated from the aqueous methanolic extract of the fruits of Cestrum ruizteranianum and characterized mainly by 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. These known saponins belong to the Δ 5-spirostene and Δ 5- furostene series and are reported in this species for the first time.. AB - Seven spirostane and furostane-type glycosides were isolated from the aqueous methanolic extract of the fruits of Cestrum ruizteranianum and characterized mainly by 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. These known saponins belong to the Δ 5-spirostene and Δ 5- furostene series and are reported in this species ...
Neuroprotective effects of astragaloside IV in 6-hydroxydopamine-treat by Wing-Sai Chan, Siva Sundara Kumar Durairajan et al."Neuroprotective effects of astragaloside IV in 6-hydroxydopamine-treat" by Wing-Sai Chan, Siva Sundara Kumar Durairajan et al.
Parkinsons disease (PD) is caused by a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Oxidative stress and neural degeneration are suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinsons disease. In the present study, Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) extracted from the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus, a well-known Chinese medicine used for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, was investigated for its capacity to protect dopaminergic neurons in experimental Parkinsons disease. By examining the effect of AS-IV on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced loss of dopaminergic neurons in primary nigral culture, we found that AS-IV pretreatment significantly and dose-dependently attenuated 6-OHDA-induced loss of dopaminergic neurons. Neuronal fiber length studies showed that massive neuronal cell death with degenerated neurons was observed in those cultures incubated with 6-OHDA, whereas in AS-IV co-treatments most dopaminergic neurons were seen to be intact and sprouting. In
Astragaloside IV inhibits lung cancer progression and metastasis by modulating macrophage polarization through AMPK signaling |...Astragaloside IV inhibits lung cancer progression and metastasis by modulating macrophage polarization through AMPK signaling |...
Accumulating evidence suggests that M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in cancer progression and metastasis, making M2 polarization of TAMs an ever more appealing target for therapeutic intervention. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), a saponin component isolated from Astragali radix, has been reported to inhibit the invasion and metastasis of lung cancer, but its effects on TAMs during lung cancer progression have not been investigated. Human THP-1 monocytes were induced to differentiate into M2 macrophages through treatments with IL-4, IL-13, and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). We used the lung cancer cell lines A549 and H1299 cultured in conditioned medium from M2 macrophages (M2-CM) to investigate the effects of AS-IV on tumor growth, invasion, migration, and angiogenesis of lung cancer cells. Macrophage subset distribution, M1 and M2 macrophage-associated markers, and mRNA expression were analyzed by flow cytometry and quantitative PCR. The activation of adenosine
3-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl (1-6)-beta-d-glucopyranosyl, 28-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl (1-6) (alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl (1-2))-beta-d...3-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl (1-6)-beta-d-glucopyranosyl, 28-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl (1-6) (alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl (1-2))-beta-d...
3-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl (1-6)-beta-d-glucopyranosyl, 28-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl (1-6) (alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl (1-2))-beta-d-glucopyranosyl, 16-deoxybarringtogenol ...
Abbvie parp Inhibitors | MedChemExpress Life Science ReagentsAbbvie parp Inhibitors | MedChemExpress Life Science Reagents
Paris saponin VII (Chonglou Saponin VII) is a steroidal saponin isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Trillium tschonoskii Maxim. Paris saponin VII-induced apoptosis in K562/ADR cells is associated with Akt/MAPK and the inhibition of P-gp. Paris saponin VII attenuates mitochondrial membrane potential, increases the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, such as Bax and cytochrome c, and decreases the protein expression levels of Bcl-2, caspase-9, caspase-3, PARP-1, and p-Akt. Paris saponin VII induces a robust autophagy in K562/ADR cells and provides a biochemical basis in the treatment of leukemia ...
Saponins from Tribulus terrestris L. are less toxic for normal human fibroblasts than for many cancer lines: influence on...Saponins from Tribulus terrestris L. are less toxic for normal human fibroblasts than for many cancer lines: influence on...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Saponins from Tribulus terrestris L. are less toxic for normal human fibroblasts than for many cancer lines: influence on apoptosis and proliferation. AU - Neychev, V. K.. AU - Nikolova, E.. AU - Zhelev, Nikolai. AU - Mitev, V. I.. PY - 2007/1. Y1 - 2007/1. N2 - The objective of the study was to explore the influence of saponins derived from Tribulus terrestris L. (TT) on normal human skin fibroblasts and to compare it with their anticancer properties. In this study, [3H]thymidine incorporation and MTT to assess cell proliferation and viability, respectively, and immunoblotting and HPLC analysis to explore intracellular signal transduction pathways have been used. We found that TT caused a dose-dependent decrease in [3H]thymidine incorporation into the DNA of treated fibroblast compared to the untreated controls. Viability of treated cells remained within the control levels with treatment of up to 5 μg TT/ml medium. It was significantly depressed with incubation in ≥6 μg ...
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Astragalus saponins decreased the invasion and migratio | Open-iAstragalus saponins decreased the invasion and migratio | Open-i
Astragalus saponins decreased the invasion and migration ability of BGC-823 cells. A. BGC-823 cell invasion was determined using the transwell invasion assay, w
Radix Dipsaci Total Saponins Stimulate MC3T3-E1 Cell Differentiation Via The Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2/MAPK/Smad-Dependent...Radix Dipsaci Total Saponins Stimulate MC3T3-E1 Cell Differentiation Via The Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2/MAPK/Smad-Dependent...
Niu Y B, Kong X H, Li Y H, et al. Radix Dipsaci Total Saponins Stimulate MC3T3-E1 Cell Differentiation Via The Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2/MAPK/Smad-Dependent Runx2 Pathway[J]. Molecular Medicine Reports, 2015, 11: 4468-4472.
Aralia elata (Miq) Seem (AE) decreases insulin resistan | Open-iAralia elata (Miq) Seem (AE) decreases insulin resistan | Open-i
Aralia elata (Miq) Seem (AE) decreases insulin resistance in OGTT. On the 21th days after AE treatment, OGTT were performed on the animals. Blood samples were c
hey james yucca root saponins destroyed by heathey james yucca root saponins destroyed by heat
I just want make sure I got my yucca root powder from starwest botanicals do they use heat to dry the herbs cause I been reading about saponins and they are really beneficial I just really want to make sure they are helping me absorb my nutrients and doing good things for my body thanks and I was just curious cause the heat destroy the saponins and they are poorly absorb in the body and do herb companies preserve all the nutrients in herbs ...
Effects of Saponin and L-Carnitine on the Performance and Reproductive Fitness of Male BroilerEffects of Saponin and L-Carnitine on the Performance and Reproductive Fitness of Male Broiler
Abstract: A factorial bioassay was made to evaluate 4 different levels of exogenous saponin (S); 0 mg (So), 25 mg (S1), 50 mg (S2) and 75 mg (S3) per kg and also a combination (SC) of 50 mg saponin plus 50 mg L-carnitine (S4) per kg maize-soybean meal based basal diet during the late autumn. In all, 5 experimental diets being iso-nutritive (as per NRC, 1994 recommendation) but for variable in presence and contents of saponin and L-carnitine were prepared. 8-day old male broiler chicks (n=150, Starboro) were distributed randomly into 15 groups of 10 chicks in each housed in separate pen of littered floor. Three such groups received each of 5 test diets ad libitum as mash up to 8 weeks of age. The plenty of water was made available to all chicks during the experimental period. It was found that S2 diet significantly improved body weight gain (BWG) during growing (8 days to 3 weeks) period when compared with S0, S1, S3 and S4. Dietary S and SC had no significant (p>0.05) effect separately and ...
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中国科学院上海有机化学研究所机构知识库(SIOC OpenIR): First synthesis of a bidesmosidic triterpene saponin by a highly efficient procedure中国科学院上海有机化学研究所机构知识库(SIOC OpenIR): First synthesis of a bidesmosidic triterpene saponin by a highly efficient procedure
Yu B,Xie JM,Deng SJ,et al. First synthesis of a bidesmosidic triterpene saponin by a highly efficient procedure[J]. J. Am. Chem. Soc.,1999,121(51):12196-12197 ...
Prime Labs Tribulus Terrestris Supplement- Natural Testosterone Booster Support for Men and Women, Steroidal Saponin Formula to...Prime Labs Tribulus Terrestris Supplement- Natural Testosterone Booster Support for Men and Women, Steroidal Saponin Formula to...
Tribulus by Prime Labs is scientifically formulated to increase your overall mood, increase your strength, libido and athletic performance that you have been longing for. Tribulus Terrestris has been used for centuries to support fertility and rejuvenate the body. Recent studies indicate that, although it actually contains no hormones, Tribulus helps to support healthy hormone production and male reproductive health. Tribulus has been used by some of the worlds most elite athletes. The "Secret Product" originally used by Russian Olympic Powerlifters. Tribulus Terrestris is now used by athletes and bodybuilders around the world The huge list of health benefits includes: ...
3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-2)-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-4))-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-22-O-angeloyl-R1-barrigenol ...3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-2)-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-4))-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-22-O-angeloyl-R1-barrigenol ...
3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-2)-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-4))-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-22-O-angeloyl-R1-barrigenol: triterpene saponin from the roots of Eryngium campestre (Apiaceae); structure in first source
TestoRippedTestoRipped
Beta-alanine - When it comes to building muscle and having more endurance nothing is more important than the amino acid beta alanine. A 2011 study published in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research examined football players and wrestlers supplementing with beta-alanine.. The football players improved their 300-yard shuttle time by one second more than the placebo group and increased their hang time by almost three seconds. The wrestlers taking beta-alanine gained more than one pound of muscle, while the placebo group lost one pound of muscle.[1]. • Tribulus Terrestris (80% Saponins) - Tribulus is a natural herb that stimulates the pituitary gland to increase testosterone production. Saponins are the compound responsible for boosting testosterone. TestoRipped has higher saponins concentrations than other testosterone boosters, making it more effective.. • Creatine Ethyl Ester - Creatine increases strength and endurance to build muscle. This new form of creatine is formulated for ...
Tumor Cell Vaccines With ISCOMATRIX Adjuvant and Celecoxib in Patients Undergoing Resection of Lung and Esophageal Cancers and...Tumor Cell Vaccines With ISCOMATRIX Adjuvant and Celecoxib in Patients Undergoing Resection of Lung and Esophageal Cancers and...
Background:. - Recent research has shown that causing an immune response to tumor cells may help slow or stop the growth of tumors. One treatment that has come from this research involves collecting and modifying a cancer patients tumor cells in the laboratory, then returning the cells to the patient as a vaccine to encourage the immune system to respond to them. Researchers are interested in testing tumor cell vaccines with an experimental drug called ISCOMATRIX , which can be added to a vaccine in order to elicit a stronger immune response in the body. ISCOMATRIX has not been approved for sale and use in any country and its use is still experimental, though it has been tested and used safely in other clinical studies. Researchers are also interested in determining whether the anti-inflammatory drug celecoxib will improve the bodys immune reaction if given with the vaccine.. Objectives:. - To assess the safety and effectiveness of tumor cell vaccines given with ISCOMATRIX and celecoxib in the ...
Studies on the constituents of palmae plants. VI: steroid saponins and flavonoids of leaves of Phoenix canariensis hort. ex...Studies on the constituents of palmae plants. VI: steroid saponins and flavonoids of leaves of Phoenix canariensis hort. ex...
Home » Literature » Studies on the constituents of palmae plants. VI: steroid saponins and flavonoids of leaves of Phoenix canariensis hort. ex Chabaud, P. humilis Royle var. hanceana Becc., P. dactylifera L., and Licuala spinosa Wurmb ...
3beta,16beta,21beta)-16,21,28-trihydroxyolean-12-en-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-2)-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside Summary...3beta,16beta,21beta)-16,21,28-trihydroxyolean-12-en-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-2)-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside Summary...
(3beta,16beta,21beta)-16,21,28-trihydroxyolean-12-en-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-2)-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside: triterpenoid saponin from Artemisia sphaerocephala; structure in first source
What is Tribulus Terrestris?What is Tribulus Terrestris?
Tribulus Terrestris is a short plant or herb that produces flowering fruits which is dried out to form small thorny seeds. Similar to other herbs it also consists of many potent ingredients inside of itself. But its the ingredient named saponin or saponin protodioscin which is most widely used chemical component in steroids. Puncture vine, Goat-head, Cats head and Devils weed are some common nicknames of this herb. It bolsters the testosterone level in your body which in turn enhances your performances. What to stack with tribulus terrestris? Stacking: Stacking is nothing but in taking two or more supplements simultaneously in order to attain results in very short amount of time ...
ISCOMATRIX Adjuvant Combines Immune Activation with Antigen Delivery to Dendritic Cells In Vivo Leading to Effective Cross...ISCOMATRIX Adjuvant Combines Immune Activation with Antigen Delivery to Dendritic Cells In Vivo Leading to Effective Cross...
JPT Peptide Technologies is a DIN ISO 9001:2015 certified and GCLP compliant integrated provider of innovative peptide based catalog products and custom services.
Sagescript Institute: May 2011Sagescript Institute: May 2011
There are many flowers in the violet family including pansies, but I especially like Viola tricolor, also known as violas, Johnny Jump ups and heartsease. Violets are edible and can be used in salads. They are also used in skin care and contain soothing mucilage, flavonoids, salicylic acid and saponins used for cleansing. Historically it has been used to treat wounds, itching, rashes and eczema. Some people use it in their skin care products. I use it in my foot soak because of its ability to cease an itch and for its saponins. Saponins are glycosides from plants that have the ability to foam so are often used for cleansing ...
Journal of Ginseng Research | Korea ScienceJournal of Ginseng Research | Korea Science
We reported previously that the administration of Korean red ginseng water extract (KRG-WE) protected the guinea pig testis against damage induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (a potent endocrine disruptor). We also found that crude saponin from ginseng was the active ingredient responsible for this protection. Here, we examined the biological role of KRG-WE in an animal model of age-induced dysfunction of spermatogenesis. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley (six 2-month-old and eighteen 12-month-old) rats were used. The young and old control groups received only vehicle. The ginseng saponin (GS)- and KRG-WE-treated groups received GS (40 mg/kg body weight/day) and KRG-WE (200 mg/kg body weight/day), respectively, for 4 months. The number of cells, Sertoli cell index, Johnsens score, and sex hormone levels decreased significantly with age. However, the administration of KRG-WE and GS markedly improved the number of germ cells, seminiferous tubular size, and Johnsens score in the old ...
Enzyme pre-treatment of soybean meal: Effects on non-starch carbohydrates, protein, phytic acid, and saponin biotransformation...Enzyme pre-treatment of soybean meal: Effects on non-starch carbohydrates, protein, phytic acid, and saponin biotransformation...
The study was conducted to examine if crude enzymes (E) produced from Aspergillus niger by solid state fermentation could bio-transform carbohydrates, proteins, inositol phosphate (InsP) and saponins in soybean meal (SBM) under low moisture conditions. Two experiments were performed to determine the effect of mixing, moisture content, treatment time and E levels during enzyme hydrolysis. 1) A single replicate 2 3 full factorial screening design was used to determine the effect of the independent continuous variables time (30 and 70 min), moisture (350 and 450 g kg −1 DM), and the category variable mixing (i.e. effect of static conditions vs. active mixing (X3, S/M)) during the enzyme hydrolysis. 2) A three factorial central composite design (CCD) was used to study the effects of moisture content (316-484 g kg −1 DM), time of hydrolysis (16.4-83.6 min), and E content (0.32-3.68 g kg −1 SBM dry matter (DM)). The first experiment demonstrated that hydrolysis of InsP 6 was significantly affected by
INFLUENCE OF SAPONIN OF PEARSONOTHURIA GRAEFFEI ON HEMATOPOIETIC MODULATORS IN MICE--《Acta Nutrimenta Sinica》2012年06期INFLUENCE OF SAPONIN OF PEARSONOTHURIA GRAEFFEI ON HEMATOPOIETIC MODULATORS IN MICE--《Acta Nutrimenta Sinica》2012年06期
Objective To evaluate the influence of saponin of Pearsonothuria graeffei(PGS) on hematopoietic modulators in myelosuppression mice.Method Male ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group,model control group,low and high dose PGS groups.PGS was orally administered with 10 and 30 mg/kg.bw every day for 16 d.The mice in normal and model control groups were administered with 0.9% NaCl solution as placebo.On the 7th day,all mice except those in the normal group were injected intraperitoneally with 100 mg/kg cyclophosphamide once a day for 3 d to induce myelosuppressed animal model.The lung conditioned medium(LCM),spleen cell conditioned medium(SCM) and peritoneal cavity macrophage conditioned medium(PMΦCM) treated with Pearsonothuria graeffei were prepared to observe the effects on proliferation of bone marrow cells and formation of hematopoietic progenitor cells colonys including granulocyte-monocyte colony forming units(CFU-GM),colony-forming units-erythroid(CFU-E) and colony
Serotonin | ENCOGNITIVE.COMSerotonin | ENCOGNITIVE.COM
Effect of Ginseng Saponins on the Recombinant Serotonin Type 3A Receptor Expressed in Xenopus Oocytes: Implication of Possible Application as an Antiemetic. Objectives: Nausea and vomiting are the most frequently reported side-effects by patients who are given general anesthesia perioperatively and patients with cancer who undergo chemotherapy or rad.... ...
Rent to own? Texas could bring back Molina | Texas RangersRent to own? Texas could bring back Molina | Texas Rangers
ANAHEIM -- Rangers catcher Bengie Molina may end up being more than a rental player. By trading Jarrod Saltalamacchia to Boston, the Rangers have increased the chances of Molina returning in 2011. Right now the Rangers catching situation for next year is wide open and general manager Jon Daniels said that the club is open to bringing Molina back next season. "That would be a great thing," Molina said. "Being a guy in the league for so long and knowing how things are in the market, for those guys to want me back would be an honor for me. Its awesome if they want me back. "But its too early to talk about anything. At some point we have to talk about what were going to do next year but not yet. Lets see how it plays out." Molina, who is 36 and in his 13th season, said he still wants to keep playing regardless of who he is with next season. "I feel pretty good," Molina said. "Its toward the end of the season and I feel pretty good. I feel I can play one or two more seasons and retire after ...
In vitro relaxation of vascular smooth muscle by atropine: involvement of K+ channels and endothelium. - ScienceOpenIn vitro relaxation of vascular smooth muscle by atropine: involvement of K+ channels and endothelium. - ScienceOpen
Cumulative addition of atropine to the organ bath containing endothelium-intact (+E) rat aorta, which was precontracted with phenylephrine (PE, 1 microM) and subsequently relaxed with carbachol (1 microM), caused biphasic changes in the vascular contractility of +E rat aortic rings. Low concentrations of atropine (10 nM-1.0 microM) caused progressive restoration of contraction to PE; whereas at higher concentrations (1-100 microM), atropine caused progressive relaxation. Atropine-induced aortic relaxation was significantly inhibited upon endothelium removal by either rubbing or saponin treatment, but considerable relaxation still persisted in the range of 30-100 microM atropine. Similar findings were also obtained when the nitric oxide (NO) generation was inhibited with 300 microM NO synthase inhibitor, L-NAME. Atropine-induced relaxation was also observed when 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was used as the agonist and the atropine-relaxation was more potent at lower concentrations of PE and 5-HT. ...
Non-mitochondrial calcium ion regulation in rat ventricular myocytes | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological...Non-mitochondrial calcium ion regulation in rat ventricular myocytes | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological...
Ca2+ exchange has been measured in a suspension of rat ventricular myocytes treated with digitonin or saponin to render the sarcolemma permeable to small molecules and ions. Two fractions of exchange were identified, one that was attributed to the mitochondrial component of the cell and the other to a non-mitochondrial fraction. Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake was blocked by sodium azide and depended on respiratory substrates whereas non-mitochondrial uptake occurred independently of these molecules but was dependent on ATP and creatine phosphate. Non-mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake could be induced at a Ca2+ concentration below 1 um and the initial rate increased with concentration up to 100 um Uptake could be reversed by sulmazole (a caffeine-like substance) and this reversal in turn inhibited by ryanodine. These properties suggest that the major locus for non-mitochondrial Ca2+ exchange is at the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Ca2+ exchange could be modulated by a number of agents, including carnosine, but was ...
Avicin D - AdisInsightAvicin D - AdisInsight
Avicin Therapeutics Ltd. is developing avicin d for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Avicins are triterpenoid compounds that occur naturally in Acacia
Tofu, or not Tofu - is that the question? - Vegan Bodybuilding & FitnessTofu, or not Tofu - is that the question? - Vegan Bodybuilding & Fitness
Now tempeh does get rid of most of the saponins as well as some of the other toxins, but the saponins are just one issue. Soy has more allergens than milk. And contrary to popular belief, soy beans are very, very sparingly used traditionally in Oriental food. Americans are the ones who generalized this as a staple of Oriental diet, when in fact, these Eastern folks have known about the dangers of soy for centuries. I am not looking for an argument either, but I do tend to see a trend in modern medicine catching up to what people knew thousands of years ago. This just seems to be one such scenario. Of course a vegan diet rich in raw fruit and veggies will counteract a large portion of bad habits, the least of which is soy. Personally, I have enough bad habits (smoking) to make me steer clear nearly everything that is not very nutrient dense/has loads of toxins/allergens ...
US9433585B2 - Enteric soft capsules - Google PatentsUS9433585B2 - Enteric soft capsules - Google Patents
Described herein are compositions for manufacturing enteric soft capsules comprising gelatin, methyacrylic copolymers, one or more plasticizers, an alkaline aqueous solvent and, optionally, other ingredients such as colors, and flavors. Capsules made from such compositions are useful for delivery of acid-sensitive dosage forms to the lower gastrointestinal tract or to provide delayed release of active pharmaceutical ingredients.
1bottle melatonin softgel melatonin soft capsule improve health anti aging protect prostate improvin цены - купить у Tarzan...1bottle melatonin softgel melatonin soft capsule improve health anti aging protect prostate improvin цены - купить у Tarzan...
Мы знаем где самая низкая цена 1 bottle melatonin softgel melatonin soft capsule improve health anti aging protect prostate improving sleep в Москве, в регионах России и даже в Китае! Сравни стоимость перед покупкой в этом сервисе.
Within this unit we describe two protocols for analyzing cell cycle - New dimension in therapeutic targeting of BCL-2 familyWithin this unit we describe two protocols for analyzing cell cycle - New dimension in therapeutic targeting of BCL-2 family
Within this unit we describe two protocols for analyzing cell cycle position using flow cytometry. by centrifuging 5 Erlotinib HCl min at 200 × FSC SSC and PI fluorescence). Singlet occasions are presented within a diagonal design. Doublets possess lower Elevation and higher Width beliefs. 16 Find the fluorescence and analyze cell routine stages of every sample (to eliminate fixative. 8 Resuspend cells in 200 μl Permeabilization incubate and solution 20 min at room temperature. After this stage 0.5% saponin ought to be within all buffers found in this protocol. 9 Wash cells with 5 ml Saponin wash centrifuge and buffer Erlotinib HCl 5 min at 200 × g. Stain with PI and Ki-67 10. Resuspend cells in 100 μl Saponin clean Erlotinib HCl buffer and add 10 μl pre-diluted Ki-67-FITC antibody. Make reference to manufacturers teaching for ideal antibody dilution. To discover the best quality of positive cell discrimination from adverse cells titration of Ki-67-FITC antibody is necessary 11 Incubate 30 ...
Gynostemma P. E. 80% 98% Gypenosides UVGynostemma P. E. 80% 98% Gypenosides UV
... - Browse fuzing.com to find gynostemma P. E. 80% 98% Gypenosides UV sellers, suppliers, wholesalers, companies, manufacturers, exporters, factories.
Adjuvance Technologies, Inc.Adjuvance Technologies, Inc.
Adjuvance Technologies is a private biopharmaceutical company dedicated to empowering global health through fundamental breakthroughs in adjuvant design. Adjuvants improve the efficacy, dose-sparing and immunopotentiation of otherwise inactive antigens and as important as adjuvants are, there are currently only two approved for use by the FDA. Adjuvance is commercializing synthetic methods of producing the worlds leading adjuvant molecule QS-21, which is extremely difficult to procure through other methods. Adjuvance is developing a portfolio of novel vaccine adjuvants using its proprietary Triterpene Saponin Synthesis Technology (TriSST). TriSST is a novel tool that allows us to synthesize a natural product that is the worlds leading vaccine adjuvant candidate (QS-21), which is extremely difficult to procure through either direct purchase or extraction/purification procedures. For the first time, TriSST provides a commercially viable source of QS-21 that is capable of large scale synthesis of pure
Gypsophila glomerata - Botanically Inclined - Seed AdventuresGypsophila glomerata - Botanically Inclined - Seed Adventures
It is very hard to find info about this endemic Gypsophila. As the name suggests the flowers are grouped in tight, globulos inflorescences. Sorry, you will have to use the google translator. ...
Yucca - Supplements - Nutrition ExpressYucca - Supplements - Nutrition Express
Low prices on Yucca! Yucca is reputed to be a natural way to alleviate osteoarthritis, rheumatism and joint pain. Its beneficial saponins are found in the stalk and root. The yucca plant was a popular food for the American Indians of the Southwest, and was used medicinally to treat skin disorders and sprains.
Yucca - Supplements - Nutrition ExpressYucca - Supplements - Nutrition Express
Low prices on Yucca! Yucca is reputed to be a natural way to alleviate osteoarthritis, rheumatism and joint pain. Its beneficial saponins are found in the stalk and root. The yucca plant was a popular food for the American Indians of the Southwest, and was used medicinally to treat skin disorders and sprains.
QuinoaQuinoa
QuinoaQuinoa
Indian ice cream (Canada)Indian ice cream (Canada)
Polyscias fruticosaPolyscias fruticosa
Asparagus racemosusAsparagus racemosus
Quercus roburQuercus robur
TomatineTomatine
Crown-of-thorns starfishCrown-of-thorns starfish
Salsola imbricataSalsola imbricata
Viola tricolorViola tricolor
MonocotyledonMonocotyledon
BacosideBacoside
Eryngium campestreEryngium campestre
Bacopa monnieriBacopa monnieri
BrassicaceaeBrassicaceae
List of phytochemicals in foodList of phytochemicals in food
PlatanaceaePlatanaceae
HederaHedera
SapindaceaeSapindaceae
GuaranaGuarana
TriterpeneTriterpene
Stellaria mediaStellaria media
American ginsengAmerican ginseng
BarbareaBarbarea
Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicusArthrobacter nitroguajacolicus
BacopasideBacopaside
AntinutrientAntinutrient
Salvadora persicaSalvadora persica
TerpeneTerpene
Astragalus propinquusAstragalus propinquus
AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceGeographicals
SaponinsTriterpenesPanaxSapogeninsGinsenosidesQuillajaOleanolic AcidPanax notoginsengPlant ExtractsRhizomeSapindusPulsatillaPlatycodonPlants, MedicinalDiosgeninCamelliaHemolytic AgentsTomatineSpirostansAraliaTribulusQuillaja SaponinsLiliaceaeSpectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom BombardmentSapindaceaeSaponariaPolygonatumAsparagus PlantCaryophyllaceaeAlbizziaPlant RootsDrugs, Chinese HerbalRubiaceaeDioscoreaPlant BarkDracaenaAstragalus PlantAcaciaPhytotherapyMolecular StructureDipsacaceaePlants, Genetically ModifiedWaterPlant LeavesChinaDirectories as TopicBupleurumAutophagyPhytolaccaCell Membrane PermeabilityPermeabilityTime FactorsMitochondrial Membranes
Uji In Vivo Saponin Tanaman Akar Kuning (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr) Sebagai HepatoprotektorUji In Vivo Saponin Tanaman Akar Kuning (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr) Sebagai Hepatoprotektor
Category:Saponins - Wikimedia CommonsCategory:Saponins - Wikimedia Commons
Paper Chromatography of Natural Saponins | NaturePaper Chromatography of Natural Saponins | Nature
Molecular Expressions: Phytochemical Gallery - SaponinsMolecular Expressions: Phytochemical Gallery - Saponins
Soap Plants saponinsSoap Plants saponins
Saponin - WikipediaSaponin - Wikipedia
Momordin (saponin) - WikipediaMomordin (saponin) - Wikipedia
Kizuta-Saponin K4 | SpringerLinkKizuta-Saponin K4 | SpringerLink
Saponins, classification and occurrence in the plant kingdom. - PubMed - NCBISaponins, classification and occurrence in the plant kingdom. - PubMed - NCBI
Saponin | Definition of Saponin at Dictionary.comSaponin | Definition of Saponin at Dictionary.com
Saponins - Registration Dossier - ECHASaponins - Registration Dossier - ECHA
Saponins - Registration Dossier - ECHASaponins - Registration Dossier - ECHA
Steroid saponins and sapogenins of Allium. VIII. Structure of gantogenin | SpringerLinkSteroid saponins and sapogenins of Allium. VIII. Structure of gantogenin | SpringerLink
Neuroprotective Effect of Radix Trichosanthis Saponins on Subarachnoid HemorrhageNeuroprotective Effect of Radix Trichosanthis Saponins on Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
China Saponins, China Saponins Manufacturers and Suppliers on Alibaba.comChina Saponins, China Saponins Manufacturers and Suppliers on Alibaba.com
Steroidal saponins from the rhizomes of Smilax sieboldiiSteroidal saponins from the rhizomes of Smilax sieboldii
Steroidal Saponins from the Rhizomes of Aspidistra typicaSteroidal Saponins from the Rhizomes of Aspidistra typica
Steroidal saponins from Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk.Steroidal saponins from Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk.
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Saponins from Chinese Medicines as Anticancer AgentsMolecules | Free Full-Text | Saponins from Chinese Medicines as Anticancer Agents
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Anti-Inflammatory Cycloartane-Type Saponins of Astragalus membranaceusMolecules | Free Full-Text | Anti-Inflammatory Cycloartane-Type Saponins of Astragalus membranaceus
Panax notoginseng saponins prevent senescence and inhibit apoptosisPanax notoginseng saponins prevent senescence and inhibit apoptosis
saponin manufacturers, saponin manufacturers Suppliers and Manufacturers at Alibaba.comsaponin manufacturers, saponin manufacturers Suppliers and Manufacturers at Alibaba.com
Saponin 1 induces apoptosis and s... preview & related info | MendeleySaponin 1 induces apoptosis and s... preview & related info | Mendeley
Pustular drug eruption due to Panax notoginseng saponins | DDDTPustular drug eruption due to Panax notoginseng saponins | DDDT
View topic - What Are Saponins? Discovering Their Health BenefitsView topic - What Are Saponins? Discovering Their Health Benefits
Triterpenoid saponins | definition of triterpenoid saponins by Medical dictionaryTriterpenoid saponins | definition of triterpenoid saponins by Medical dictionary
IF Protocol with Saponin Permeabilization | CSTIF Protocol with Saponin Permeabilization | CST
Saponins - Biology-Online Dictionary | Biology-Online DictionarySaponins - Biology-Online Dictionary | Biology-Online Dictionary
Saponin Quillaja sp. Sapogenin content 20-35 % | Sigma-AldrichSaponin Quillaja sp. Sapogenin content 20-35 % | Sigma-Aldrich
Oxygen-Based Cleaner Has Saponin Layer - HAPPIOxygen-Based Cleaner Has Saponin Layer - HAPPI
AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceGeographicals
SaponinsTriterpenesPanaxSapogeninsGinsenosidesQuillajaOleanolic AcidPanax notoginsengPlant ExtractsRhizomeSapindusPulsatillaPlatycodonPlants, MedicinalDiosgeninCamelliaHemolytic AgentsTomatineSpirostansAraliaTribulusQuillaja SaponinsLiliaceaeSpectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom BombardmentSapindaceaeSaponariaPolygonatumAsparagus PlantCaryophyllaceaeAlbizziaPlant RootsDrugs, Chinese HerbalRubiaceaeDioscoreaPlant BarkDracaenaAstragalus PlantAcaciaPhytotherapyMolecular StructureDipsacaceaePlants, Genetically ModifiedWaterPlant LeavesChinaDirectories as TopicBupleurumAutophagyPhytolaccaCell Membrane PermeabilityPermeabilityTime FactorsMitochondrial Membranes
GlycosidesSteroidCompoundsEffect of saponinsTriterpene saponinQuillajaSapogeninSapogeninsExtractsRich in saponinsGlycosideKnown saponinsTotal saponinTriterpenoid SaponinOleanane typeExtractVitroFlavonoidsMoleculesSynthesisSurfactantHigh concentrations of saponinsAnticancerApoptosisConstituentsMaesaEffects of saponinsSources of saponinsTannins and saponinsActivity of saponinsQuantities of saponinsAntioxidantFurostanol saponinsCucumberSeedsSoybeansContain saponinsGinseng saponinsDietary saponinsPanax NotoginsengTherapeuticMedicagoSaponariaToxic to cold-bloodedRhizomesPlantsSpeciesAdjuvantAglyconesIsolationAdjuvantsFenugreekPhytochemicalAqueous
Glycosides13
Steroid8
Compounds14
  • Saponins act by binding with bile acids and cholesterol, so it is thought that these chemicals potentially have the ability to "clean" or purge these fatty compounds from the body, lowering the blood cholesterol levels. (fsu.edu)
  • Saponins are a class of chemical compounds found in particular abundance in various plant species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Saponins are a structurally diverse class of compounds occurring in many plant species, which are characterized by a skeleton derived of the 30-carbon precursor oxidosqualene to which glycosyl residues are attached. (nih.gov)
  • A wide range of steroidal saponins have been extracted from the family Convallariaceae, but no more than 30 compounds were reported from the genus Aspidistra [ 3 - 7 ]. (plos.org)
  • Like cholesterol, saponins are able to bind with these compounds and disrupt the proliferation of cancer cells. (dreddyclinic.com)
  • Triterpenoid saponins , the main bioactive compounds of Polygala tenuifolia Willd, are easily hydrolyzed to polygalacic acid (PA). (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Rich in flavanoids, saponins and other antioxidant compounds, the herb is good for colds, flu, and boosting the immune system (it was thought to ward off the plague during times of epidemic). (professorshouse.com)
  • The universality of ELSD results in an inapplicable fingerprint with huge signals from primary compounds and smaller signals from saponins. (frontiersin.org)
  • The papaya (Carica papaya) leaf (PL) contains high levels of saponins and polyphenolic compounds, and historically, it has been used as a folk medicine for numerous ailments, including cancer. (ovid.com)
  • Saponins and total phenolic compounds were assessed for their antioxidant, free radical scavenging, ion-reducing capacity, and antipancreatic cancer activity. (ovid.com)
  • Saponins, widely distributed in the plant kingdom, include a diverse group of compounds characterized by their structure containing a steroidal or triterpenoid aglycone and one or more sugar chains. (ijpsonline.com)
  • To date, quite a bit of research has been published which attempt to explore the in vivo anticancer effects and the underlying mechanisms of pennogenyl saponins, compounds which are present at quite low levels in the plant. (ovid.com)
  • Tannins have a high affinity for binding proteins, and saponins are non-polar steroidal compounds with a high affinity for binding to lipids in the gastro-intestinal tract of animals. (openthesis.org)
  • These findings suggest that animals ingesting foods with alkaloids may increase their preference for tannin or saponin-containing foods to reduce the negative impacts of these secondary compounds. (openthesis.org)
Effect of saponins3
Triterpene saponin5
  • A phytochemical study was carried out on Ajuga multiflora, and obtained a novel ursane-type triterpene saponin, i.e., 3-epi-ursolic acid 3-O-palmitoyl 28-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl ester (1), named ajugoside. (usda.gov)
  • Moreover, details of triterpene saponin biosynthesis in the Panax species are largely unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) assignment discovered 41 unique sequences representing 11 genes involved in triterpene saponin backbone biosynthesis in the 454-EST dataset. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is worth emphasizing that the candidate cytochrome P450 (Pn02132 and Pn00158) and UDP-glycosyltransferase (Pn00082) gene most likely to be involved in hydroxylation or glycosylation of aglycones for triterpene saponin biosynthesis were discovered from 174 cytochrome P450s and 242 glycosyltransferases by phylogenetic analysis, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The candidate genes involved in triterpene saponin biosynthesis, including the putative CYP450s and UGTs, were obtained in this study. (biomedcentral.com)
Quillaja8
Sapogenin1
  • BACKGROUND: Saponins are a class of secondary plant metabolites consisting of a sugar moiety glycosidically linked to a hydrophobic aglycone (sapogenin) that often possess insecticidal activities. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
Sapogenins1
Extracts6
Rich in saponins5
  • Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) is another native plant that has a report of being rich in saponins, the rhizome is used. (pfaf.org)
  • Its seeds are rich in saponins and will lather well in cold, preferably soft, water when rubbed between the hands like a bar of soap. (pfaf.org)
  • The bulb, stripped of its outer covering, is very rich in saponins and can as be dried and grated up as required to be used as soap flakes. (pfaf.org)
  • Identification of fenugreek genotype rich in saponins and fixed oil will be useful for pharmaceutical industries. (ijpsonline.com)
  • If a honeycomb-shaped bubble lattice at least 2cm (a little less than 1 inch) persists in the cylinder for ten minutes, you can be positive that the plant is rich in saponins. (blogspot.com)
Glycoside1
Known saponins2
Total saponin2
Triterpenoid Saponin4
  • Two new triterpenoids, termichebuloside A (1), an unusual dimeric triterpenoid saponin, and termichebulolide (2), an oleanolic acid-type lactone, along with 11 known triterpenoids, were isolated from MeOH extract of the barks of Terminalia chebula. (isharonline.org)
  • Tea saponin is molluscicide from plant extract, the active content is a kind of triterpenoid saponin extracted from camellia seeds. (wordpress.com)
  • Kong X, Yang Y, Wu W, Wan H, Li X, Zhong M, Su X, Jia S, Lin N. Triterpenoid Saponin W3 from Anemone flaccida Suppresses Osteoclast Differentiation through Inhibiting Activation of MAPKs and NF-κB Pathways. (ijbs.com)
  • Triterpenoid saponin W3, a natural occurring saponin, is the major active component and the highest content of the TS found in A. flaccida, also can be synthesized chemically in vitro [ 5 ]. (ijbs.com)
Oleanane type2
Extract8
  • According to in vivo studies on secondary metabolites of albutra (akar kuning plant, Arcangelisia flava (L) Merr), saponins extract without alkaloids showed a hepatoprotector activity. (ipb.ac.id)
  • A separate study found that giving a certain saponin extract to rats with high cholesterol reduced "bad" (LDL) cholesterol without affecting "good" (HDL) cholesterol. (dreddyclinic.com)
  • As a result of further phytochemical studies, one new (ocimuside, 1) and one known (ilexoside, 2) triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Ocimum basilicum. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • This contribution may be due to the biocidal aspects of triterpenoid saponins , the main component of the plant extract, which may have favoured the sanitation of the root environment, possibly acting on nematodes, which damage the root system (Ritzinger, Borges, Ledo, & Caldas, 2007), resulting in better root development than with only HS application. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • The hypocholesterolemic activity is related to the defatted part of the seed extract [ 3 ] and involves saponin-rich subfractions [ 4 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Product Description Ginseng Saponin from stem and leaf Ginsenosides Molecular Formula:C42H72O13 Product name Ginseng Root Extract Extract part Panax C.A.Mey'dried root Item Physicochemical Indexes Appearance Light yellow to Yellow powder Odor & taste. (xuijs.com)
  • In this current study, β-ecdysterone (1) and three pennogenin steroidal saponins (2-4) were isolated from the EtOH extract of Paris polyphylla var. (ac.ir)
  • In this study, W3, a saponin isolated from the extract of A. flaccida was identified as the major active ingredient by using an osteoclast formation model induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL). (ijbs.com)
Vitro8
  • Antioxidant activities of saponins extracted from Radix Trichosanthis: an in vivo and in vitro evaluation," BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine , vol. 14, article 86, 2014. (hindawi.com)
  • These saponins exhibit in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects, such as anti-proliferation, anti-metastasis, anti-angiogenesis, anti-multidrug resistance, and autophagy regulation actions. (mdpi.com)
  • In natural product research, analysis of the chemotherapeutic efficacy of saponins against various cancer cells is often confined to in vitro analysis and structure elucidation 2 . (nature.com)
  • Finally, histological analysis in aphids fed with Q. saponaria saponins demonstrated strong aberrations of the aphid gut epithelium, and exposure of midgut CF-203 cell lines to Q. saponaria saponins in vitro confirmed the cytotoxic effect. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
  • Development of tools for the in vitro conservation and modulation of saponin production of four medicinal Maesa spp. (ugent.be)
  • In-vitro Antitumor Activity and Antifungal Activity of Pennogenin Steroidal Saponins from paris Polyphylla var. (ac.ir)
  • Feedlot and in vitro ruminal experiments were conducted to assess the effects of saponin-containing surfactant applied during tempering of barley grain on cattle growth performance and on ruminal fermentation. (koreascience.or.kr)
  • 2005. Tea saponins affect in vitro fermentation and methanogenesis in faunated and defaunated rumen fluid. (koreascience.or.kr)
Flavonoids2
Molecules6
  • This means that, in the digestive tract, saponins produce an emulsification of fat-soluble molecules. (dreddyclinic.com)
  • The saponin molecules consist of a hydrophobic region, called aglycone, which is linked to one or several oligosaccharide (sugar) chains that build the hydrophilic part of the molecule. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Saponins can impact the immune system through their adjuvant activity, their ability to improve effectiveness of orally administered vaccines by facilitating the absorption of large molecules, and their immune-stimulatory effects. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Often, the hydrophilic piece is a sugar molecule, or perhaps a short chain of sugar molecules, and there can be more than one chain on each saponin. (blogspot.com)
  • Saponins are a family of molecules known for creating soap-like foam in water that have been used to fulfil this role. (uwo.ca)
  • The inhibitory effects of triterpenoid saponins are thought to be attributed not to the property of their aglycons but to that of the whole of their molecules (Saha et al. (springer.com)
Synthesis2
  • Thus a field experiment was conducted to study the influence of solar UV-B on the growth response and saponin synthesis in cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum ) var. (springer.com)
  • The result indicates that solar UV-B may possibly suppress the plant growth by regulating the synthesis of natural growth inhibitor's like saponin. (springer.com)
Surfactant3
  • Drug solubility was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and saponin solubilisation capacity was compared to the conventional surfactant Brij-35. (ijpsonline.com)
  • For danazol, the solubilisation capacity of the best saponins was 2-3 times higher than Brij-35, whereas for fenofibrate it was slightly lower than the reference surfactant. (ijpsonline.com)
  • In the feedlot experiment, treatments with three barley grain/barley silage based diets were prepared using barley grain at 7.7% moisture (dry, D), after tempering to 18% moisture (M), or after tempering with a saponin-based surfactant included at 60 ml/t (MS). Each treatment was rolled at settings determined previously to yield optimally processed barley. (koreascience.or.kr)
High concentrations of saponins1
  • A number of plants contain quite high concentrations of saponins and have been used as an alternative soap. (pfaf.org)
Anticancer2
  • In addition, related signaling pathways and target proteins involved in the anticancer effects of saponins are also summarized in this work. (mdpi.com)
  • Our results suggest that these three pennogenin steroidal saponins could be utilized to develop anticancer medicines. (ac.ir)
Apoptosis3
Constituents4
Maesa2
Effects of saponins1
  • It's important to realize that most of the research into the effects of saponins on cancer cells has been preliminary and involved specific enzymes, proteins, or other components of saponins extracted in specific ways and matched against specific cancer cells under specific situations. (globalhealingcenter.com)
Sources of saponins2
  • Food and nonfood sources of saponins have come into renewed focus in recent years due to increasing evidence of their health benefits. (ijpsonline.com)
  • The well known sources of saponins are soybeans, peas, and some herbs with the names that indicate foaming properties such as soapwort, soapberry, soapbark and soap root. (centurysupplements.com)
Tannins and saponins1
  • Moreover, tannins and saponins hasten alkaloid excretion from the body, which might also allow animals to eat more high-alkaloid forages when presented with tannins first. (openthesis.org)
Activity of saponins1
  • Cholesterol-lowering activity of saponins, which has been demonstrated in animal and human trials, has been attributed to inhibition of the absorption of cholesterol from the small intestine, or the reabsorption of bile acids [ 10 - 12 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
Quantities of saponins2
  • Legumes, such peas and soybeans, also contain small quantities of saponins, which are proving their worthiness as phytochemicals. (fsu.edu)
  • Closely related to Soapwort are a number of other native plants that contain useful quantities of saponins, including Ragged Robin (Lychnis flos-cuculi) and many of the Campions (Silene spp). (pfaf.org)
Antioxidant4
Furostanol saponins2
  • Eleven new furostanol saponins, typaspidosides B-L ( 1 - 11 ), one new spirostanol saponin, typaspidoside M ( 12 ), and five known spirostanol saponins, 25 S -atropuroside ( 13 ), neoaspidistrin ( 14 ), (25 S )-pratioside D 1 ( 15 ), 25 S -aspidistrin ( 16 ) and 25 S -neosibiricoside ( 17 ) were isolated from the rhizomes of Aspidistra typica Baill. (plos.org)
  • The aglycones of 1 - 3 (unusual furostanol saponins with opened E ring type), 9 and 10 (the methoxyl substituent at C-23 position) were found, identified from natural products for the first time. (plos.org)
Cucumber6
  • Saponins have historically been understood to be plant-derived, but they have also been isolated from marine organisms such as sea cucumber. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study aimed to purify and characterize one class of compound, the saponins, from the viscera of the Australian sea cucumber Holothuria lessoni . (mdpi.com)
  • Dietary saponins of sea cucumber alleviate orotic acid-induced fatty liver in rats via PPARalpha and SREBP-1c signaling. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Saponins of sea cucumber (SSC) are proven to exhibit various biological activities. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Solvent extraction of saponins from the internodes and leaves were used for the bioassay of Amaranthus hypocotyl growth and expansion of cucumber cotyledons. (springer.com)
  • However it is unknown whether saponins of sea cucumber (SSC) may improve lipid metabolism in animal models. (biomedcentral.com)
Seeds3
  • Considering the high market potential of steroidal saponins and vivid reports of steroidal saponins and fixed oil content in fenugreek seeds, the present study was carried out to identify fenugreek genotype rich in steroidal saponins and fixed oil content. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Method: Cytotoxic activity of saponin mixtures from M. arabica (tops and roots), M. arborea (tops) and M. sativa (tops, roots and seeds) and related prosapogenins from M. arborea and M. sativa (tops) against HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines is described. (eurekaselect.com)
  • In their natural state, the seeds have a coating which contains bitter-tasting saponins , making them unpalatable . (wikipedia.org)
Soybeans1
Contain saponins1
  • Ophiopogonis radix ( Ophiopogon japonicus ), all contain saponins ( Ministry of Public Health of the People's Republic of China, 2015 ). (frontiersin.org)
Ginseng saponins2
  • Effects of ginseng saponins isolated from red ginseng on ultraviolet B-induced skin aging in hairless mice. (nih.gov)
  • The topical application of total ginseng saponins (10 pg or 100 ng/mouse) and ginsenoside Rb(1) (100 fg, 10 pg, or 1 ng/mouse) significantly inhibited increases in skin thickness and wrinkle formation and the reduction in skin elasticity induced by long-term UVB irradiation. (nih.gov)
Dietary saponins2
  • The cholesterol lowering effect of dietary saponins in humans is also supported by ecological studies [ 13 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • As per the Arnold-Schultz law, what can inhibit or kill at large doses can become a therapeutic stimulant in small doses and it's my firm belief that our natural daily exposure to dietary saponins rarely exceeds this small therapeutic dose. (selfcare4.me)
Panax Notoginseng6
Therapeutic1
  • Preliminary research from a 2010 study concluded that saponins from Terminalia arjuna (arjun tree) may offer a therapeutic benefit for kidney or urinary stones. (dreddyclinic.com)
Medicago5
Saponaria8
Toxic to cold-blooded2
Rhizomes1
Plants11
  • In plants, saponins may serve as anti-feedants, and to protect the plant against microbes and fungi. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since prehistoric times, cultures throughout the world have used piscicidal (fish-killing) plants, mostly those containing saponins, for fishing. (wikipedia.org)
  • Saponin is found in both of these plants, as well as in many other plants of the leguminosæ. (dictionary.com)
  • The list42 of plants in which saponin has been discovered is given in the note. (dictionary.com)
  • In nature, plants rely on saponins as a mechanism to fight parasites. (dreddyclinic.com)
  • Saponins are a component in over a hundred different types of plants and foods including beans, chickpeas, peanuts, quinoa, and soy. (globalhealingcenter.com)
  • Saponins are a diverse family of natural surfactants, which are present in a wide variety of plants [ 16 , 17 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Earlier we have reported that the exclusion of solar UV-B increased the growth and yield of cotton plants as compared with ambient UV-B. The UV-B radiation effects on the saponins and the impact of ambient and reduced UV-B on the accumulation of saponins has not been investigated yet. (springer.com)
  • 2010 ). Saponins are widely distributed in plants and involved in various biological activities such as antimicrobial, antitermitic, molluscicidol and anti-human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) protease (Crombie et al. (springer.com)
  • Furthermore, a few studies indicated a promoting effect of higher light intensities on saponin concentrations in plants (Mathur et al. (springer.com)
  • Influence of saponin plants on the volatile fraction of thyme in herbal teas. (semanticscholar.org)
Species2
  • Many of California's Native American tribes traditionally used soaproot, (genus Chlorogalum) and/or the root of various yucca species, which contain saponin, as a fish poison. (wikipedia.org)
  • A simple UHPLC method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of such hydrolysable tannins and triterpene saponins from the fruit rinds of different species of Terminalia (T. chebula, T. arjuna, T. bellirica) and Phyllantus emblica. (isharonline.org)
Adjuvant3
  • C3H/HeJ (Ipsd) and C3H/HeSnJ (Ipsr) mice also showed an adjuvant associated increase in titer with saponin. (nih.gov)
  • The saponin QS21 has been used and studied for years as an adjuvant agent to improve vaccines for both humans and animals. (uwo.ca)
  • Here, we used CpG-C together with the clinically relevant saponin-based adjuvant AbISCO-100/Matrix-M (AbISCO), to assess if TLR9 co-stimulation would quantitatively or qualitatively modulate HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env)-specific B and T cell responses in rhesus macaques. (garvan.org.au)
Aglycones1
  • The resultant purified saponins were profiled using MALDI-MS/MS and ESI-MS/MS which revealed the structure of isomeric saponins to contain multiple aglycones and/or sugar residues. (mdpi.com)
Isolation2
Adjuvants2
  • The ability of saponins to act as immunological adjuvants by enhancing the immune response to antigens has been recognized since 1940's [ 8 , 9 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Saponins are also used as adjuvants in vaccine preparations. (medicago.se)
Fenugreek1
Phytochemical1
  • When consumed in the diet, several classes of phytochemical saponins are suspected to exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activity as antifungal and antibacterial agents. (fsu.edu)
Aqueous3
  • The objectives of the invention are achieved by including a small amount of a saponin in an aqueous enzyme-based composition containing a bacterial inhibiting stabilizer. (google.com)
  • An environmentally safe cleaning and/or water-clarifying aqueous solutions containing enzymes, stabilizers and a saponin. (google.com)
  • Further fractionation of the aqueous fraction yielded a saponin mixture. (who.int)
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