Salivary Ducts
Carcinoma, Ductal
Salivary Duct Calculi
Periplaneta
Salivary Glands
Salivary Gland Diseases
Submandibular Gland
Adenoma, Pleomorphic
Parotid Gland
Bile Ducts
Pancreatic Ducts
Immunohistochemistry
Dopamine stimulates salivary duct cells in the cockroach Periplaneta americana. (1/111)
This study examines whether the salivary duct cells of the cockroach Periplaneta americana can be stimulated by the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin. We have carried out digital Ca2+-imaging experiments using the Ca2+-sensitive dye fura-2 and conventional intracellular recordings from isolated salivary glands. Dopamine evokes a slow, almost tonic, and reversible dose-dependent elevation in [Ca2+]i in the duct cells. Upon stimulation with 10(-)6 mol l-1 dopamine, [Ca2+]i rises from 48+/-4 nmol l-1 to 311+/-43 nmol l-1 (mean +/- s.e.m., N=18) within 200-300 s. The dopamine-induced elevation in [Ca2+]i is absent in Ca2+-free saline and is blocked by 10(-)4 mol l-1 La3+, indicating that dopamine induces an influx of Ca2+ across the basolateral membrane of the duct cells. Stimulation with 10(-)6 mol l-1 dopamine causes the basolateral membrane to depolarize from -67+/-1 to -41+/-2 mV (N=10). This depolarization is also blocked by La3+ and is abolished when Na+ in the bath solution is reduced to 10 mmol l-1. Serotonin affects neither [Ca2+]i nor the basolateral membrane potential of the duct cells. These data indicate that the neurotransmitter dopamine, which has previously been shown to stimulate fluid secretion from the glands, also stimulates the salivary duct cells, suggesting that dopamine controls their most probable function, the modification of primary saliva. (+info)Cloning of gp-340, a putative opsonin receptor for lung surfactant protein D. (2/111)
Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is an oligomeric C type lectin that promotes phagocytosis by binding to microbial surface carbohydrates. A 340-kDa glycoprotein (gp-340) has been shown to bind SP-D in the presence of calcium but does so independently of carbohydrate recognition. This protein exists both in a soluble form and in association with the membranes of alveolar macrophages. The primary structure of gp-340 has been established by molecular cloning, which yielded a 7,686-bp cDNA sequence encoding a polypeptide chain of 2, 413 amino acids. The domain organization features 13 scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domains, each separated by an SRCR-interspersed domain, except for SRCRs 4 and 5, which are contiguous. The 13 SRCR domains are followed by two C1r/C1s Uegf Bmp1 domains separated by a 14th SRCR domain and a zona pellucida domain. gp-340 seems to be an alternative spliced form of DMBT1. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed that the main sites of synthesis of gp-340 are lung, trachea, salivary gland, small intestine, and stomach. Immunohistochemistry revealed strong staining for gp-340 in alveolar and other tissue macrophages. Immunostaining of the macrophage membrane was either uniform or focal in a way that suggested capping, whereas other macrophages showed strong intracellular staining within the phagosome/phagolysosome compartments. In some macrophages, SP-D and gp-340 were located in the same cellular compartment. Immunoreactive gp-340 was also found in epithelial cells of the small intestine and in the ducts of salivary glands. The distribution of gp-340 in macrophages is compatible with a role as an opsonin receptor for SP-D. (+info)Immunolocalization of anion exchanger AE2 and Na(+)-HCO(-)(3) cotransporter in rat parotid and submandibular glands. (3/111)
Salivary glands secrete K(+) and HCO(-)(3) and reabsorb Na(+) and Cl(-), but the identity of transporters involved in HCO(-)(3) transport remains unclear. We investigated localization of Cl(-)/HCO(-)(3) exchanger isoform AE2 and of Na(+)-HCO(-)(3) cotransporter (NBC) in rat parotid gland (PAR) and submandibular gland (SMG) by immunoblot and immunocytochemical techniques. Immunoblotting of PAR and SMG plasma membranes with specific antibodies against mouse kidney AE2 and rat kidney NBC revealed protein bands at approximately 160 and 180 kDa for AE2 and approximately 130 kDa for NBC, as expected for the AE2 full-length protein and consistent with the apparent molecular mass of NBC in several tissues other than kidney. Immunostaining of fixed PAR and SMG tissue sections revealed specific basolateral staining of PAR acinar cells for AE2 and NBC, but in SMG acinar cells only basolateral AE2 labeling was observed. No AE2 expression was detected in any ducts. Striated, intralobular, and main duct cells of both glands showed NBC expression predominantly at basolateral membranes, with some cells being apically stained. In SMG duct cells, NBC staining exhibited a gradient of distribution from basolateral localization in more proximal parts of the ductal tree to apical localization toward distal parts of the ductal tree. Both immunoblotting signals and immunostaining were abolished in preabsorption experiments with the respective antigens. Thus the mechanisms of fluid and anion secretion in salivary acinar cells may be different between PAR and SMG, and, because NBC was detected in acinar and duct cells, it may play a more important role in transport of HCO(-)(3) by rat salivary duct cells than previously believed. (+info)Uptake of cationized ferritin by the epithelium of the main excretory duct of the rat submandibular gland. (4/111)
Previous studies demonstrated that the main excretory duct (MED) of the rat submandibular gland can internalize exogenous protein in addition to reabsorbing and secreting electrolytes. However, more precise studies have not been conducted. The aim of this study was to elucidate the cell types responsible for endocytosis of an exogenous protein (ferritin) and to follow the movements of the endocytosed protein in the ductal epithelial cells. The MEDs of the right submandibular gland of male Wistar rats were exposed near the glands proper and cationized ferritin solution was injected into each MED through a fine glass cannula. The MEDs were removed at intervals after ferritin injection, fixed and examined by transmission electron microscopy. The epithelium of the MED of the rat submandibular gland was pseudostratified and consisted of light (types I and II), dark, tuft and basal cells. Uptake of ferritin by the light (types I and II) and dark cells occurred frequently. Small vesicles and multivesicular bodies containing ferritin particles were observed in the supra-nuclear and lateral nuclear cytoplasm. Endocytosis of tracers by tuft cells was rare. Some of the small vesicles and the multivesicular bodies were acid phosphatase-positive. By 60 min after treatment, ferritin-containing small vesicles and multivesicular bodies appeared in the basal cytoplasm. Ferritin particles were also observed in basal extracellular spaces. The light (types I and II), dark and tuft cells (latter rarely) participated in endocytosis of exogenous proteins in the epithelium of the MED of the rat submandibular gland. Almost all of the internalized proteins appeared to be processed by the lysosomal system, and some proteins were released into the extracellular spaces. (+info)Immunohistochemical localization of carbonic anhydrases I, II, and VI in the developing rat sublingual and submandibular glands. (5/111)
Carbonic anhydrase has been localized to the acini and ducts of mature rat salivary glands. This enzyme has been associated with ion transport, a prominent function of striated and excretory ducts in salivary glands, suggesting that it might be used as a marker of ductal differentiation. The purpose of this study was to immunohistochemically document developmental changes in carbonic anhydrase in the ducts of the rat sublingual and submandibular glands. Immunohistochemistry was performed with antibodies to human carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes I, II and VI on sections of sublingual and submandibular glands from rats at representative postnatal developmental ages. Reactions were weak in the ducts of both glands at 1 day, then progressively increased. By 42 days, reactions had the adult pattern of virtually none in the mucous or seromucous acini, moderate to strong in the striated and excretory ducts, and none to weak in the intercalated ducts. Weak to moderate reactions were observed in the granular convoluted tubules of the submandibular gland as they became recognizable at age 42 days. Reactions to carbonic anhydrase I and II antibodies also increased from none (1 day) to modest (42 days) in the demilunes of the sublingual gland. The order of reaction intensity of the antibodies was II > I > VI. When localized via these anti-human antibodies, carbonic anhydrase is a useful marker of the functional differentiation of the striated and excretory ducts of the developing rat sublingual and submandibular glands. (+info)Cell death during development of intercalated ducts in the rat submandibular gland. (6/111)
Programmed cell death, or apoptosis, occurs during the development of many tissues and organs in almost all multicellular organisms. Although apoptosis of salivary gland cells has been demonstrated in several pathological conditions, the role of apoptosis in the postnatal development of the salivary glands is unknown. We have studied the development of the rat submandibular gland (SMG) during its transition from the perinatal stage to the mature adult stage. Terminal tubule or Type I cells, which synthesize the secretory protein SMG-C, are prominent in the perinatal acini and are believed to form the intercalated ducts of the adult gland. Between 25 days and 30 days after birth, the number of Type I cells and their SMG-C immunoreactivity markedly decreased. Apoptotic cells in association with the developing intercalated ducts were labeled with the Terminal Deoxyribonucleotidyl Transferase-Mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) method. Between 25 and 40 days of age, from 50 to 80% of the apoptotic cells in cryostat sections of the SMG were closely associated with the intercalated ducts. Electron microscopy showed that the Type I cells became vacuolated, their secretory granules were reduced in size and number, and the amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum was decreased. Cellular debris resembling apoptotic bodies was phagocytosed by macrophages and adjacent intercalated duct cells. These observations suggest that the loss of Type I cells and reduction of SMG-C immunoreactivity during development of the intercalated ducts of the adult rat SMG is due, at least in part, to apoptosis. (+info)Chloride channels and salivary gland function. (7/111)
Fluid and electrolyte transport is driven by transepithelial Cl- movement. The opening of Cl- channels in the apical membrane of salivary gland acinar cells initiates the fluid secretion process, whereas the activation of Cl- channels in both the apical and the basolateral membranes of ductal cells is thought to be necessary for NaCl re-absorption. Saliva formation can be evoked by sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation. The composition and flow rate vary greatly, depending on the type of stimulation. As many as five classes of Cl- channels with distinct gating mechanisms have been identified in salivary cells. One of these Cl- channels is activated by intracellular Ca2+, while another is gated by cAMP. An increase in the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration is the dominant mechanism triggering fluid secretion from acinar cells, while cAMP may be required for efficient NaCl re-absorption in many ductal cells. In addition to cAMP- and Ca(2+)-gated Cl- channels, agonist-induced changes in membrane potential and cell volume activate different Cl- channels that likely play a role in modulating fluid and electrolyte movement. In this review, the properties of the different types of Cl- currents expressed in salivary gland cells are described, and functions are proposed based on the unique properties of these channels. (+info)Salivary gland P2 nucleotide receptors. (8/111)
The effects of ATP on salivary glands have been recognized since 1982. Functional and pharmacological studies of the P2 nucleotide receptors that mediate the effects of ATP and other extracellular nucleotides have been supported by the cloning of receptor cDNAs, by the expression of the receptor proteins, and by the identification in salivary gland cells of multiple P2 receptor subtypes. Currently, there is evidence obtained from pharmacological and molecular biology approaches for the expression in salivary gland of two P2X ligand-gated ion channels, P2Z/P2X7 and P2X4, and two P2Y G protein-coupled receptors, P2Y1 and P2Y2. Activation of each of these receptor subtypes increases intracellular Ca2+, a second messenger with a key role in the regulation of salivary gland secretion. Through Ca2+ regulation and other mechanisms, P2 receptors appear to regulate salivary cell volume, ion and protein secretion, and increased permeability to small molecules that may be involved in cytotoxicity. Some localization of the various salivary P2 receptor subtypes to specific cells and membrane subdomains has been reported, along with evidence for the co-expression of multiple P2 receptor subtypes within specific salivary acinar or duct cells. However, additional studies in vivo and with intact organ preparations are required to define clearly the roles the various P2 receptor subtypes play in salivary gland physiology and pathology. Opportunities for eventual utilization of these receptors as pharmacotherapeutic targets in diseases involving salivary gland dysfunction appear promising. (+info)Salivary ducts are the excretory tubules that transport saliva from the major and minor salivary glands to the oral cavity. The main function of these ducts is to convey the salivary secretions, which contain enzymes and lubricants, into the mouth to aid in digestion, speech, and swallowing.
There are two pairs of major salivary glands: the parotid glands and the submandibular glands. Each pair has its own set of ducts. The parotid gland's saliva is drained through the parotid duct, also known as Stensen's duct, which opens into the oral cavity opposite the upper second molar tooth. The submandibular gland's saliva is transported through the submandibular duct, or Wharton's duct, which empties into the floor of the mouth near the base of the tongue.
Minor salivary glands are scattered throughout the oral cavity and pharynx, and their secretions are drained via small ducts directly into the oral mucosa.
Salivary gland neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors that develop in the salivary glands. These glands are responsible for producing saliva, which helps in digestion, lubrication of food and maintaining oral health. Salivary gland neoplasms can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Benign neoplasms are slow-growing and typically do not spread to other parts of the body. They may cause symptoms such as swelling, painless lumps, or difficulty swallowing if they grow large enough to put pressure on surrounding tissues.
Malignant neoplasms, on the other hand, can be aggressive and have the potential to invade nearby structures and metastasize (spread) to distant organs. Symptoms of malignant salivary gland neoplasms may include rapid growth, pain, numbness, or paralysis of facial nerves.
Salivary gland neoplasms can occur in any of the major salivary glands (parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands) or in the minor salivary glands located throughout the mouth and throat. The exact cause of these neoplasms is not fully understood, but risk factors may include exposure to radiation, certain viral infections, and genetic predisposition.
Carcinoma, ductal refers to a type of cancer that begins in the milk ducts (tubes that carry milk from the breast to the nipple). It is most commonly found in the breast and is often referred to as "invasive ductal carcinoma" when it has spread beyond the ducts into the surrounding breast tissue. Ductal carcinoma can also occur in other organs, such as the pancreas, where it is called "pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma." This type of cancer is usually aggressive and can metastasize (spread) to other parts of the body.
Salivary duct calculi, also known as salivary gland stones or salivary duct stones, are small, hard deposits that form in the salivary glands or their ducts. These stones typically consist of calcium salts and other minerals, and they can range in size from tiny grains to larger pebbles.
Salivary duct calculi can cause a variety of symptoms, including pain, swelling, and difficulty swallowing. They may also lead to infection or inflammation of the salivary glands. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the stones and relieve the associated symptoms.
The formation of salivary duct calculi is thought to be related to a variety of factors, including dehydration, decreased saliva production, and changes in the composition of saliva. People who have certain medical conditions, such as gout or hyperparathyroidism, may also be at increased risk for developing these stones.
"Periplaneta" is a genus name that refers to a group of large, winged insects commonly known as cockroaches. The two most common species in this genus are the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) and the German cockroach (Periplaneta germantica). These insects are typically found in warm, humid environments and can often be seen scurrying across floors or walls in homes, restaurants, and other buildings. They are known to carry diseases and can cause allergies and asthma attacks in some people.
Parotid neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the parotid gland, which is the largest of the salivary glands and is located in front of the ear and extends down the neck. These neoplasms can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Benign parotid neoplasms are typically slow-growing, painless masses that may cause facial asymmetry or difficulty in chewing or swallowing if they become large enough to compress surrounding structures. The most common type of benign parotid tumor is a pleomorphic adenoma.
Malignant parotid neoplasms, on the other hand, are more aggressive and can invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body. They may present as rapidly growing masses that are firm or fixed to surrounding structures. Common types of malignant parotid tumors include mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma.
The diagnosis of parotid neoplasms typically involves a thorough clinical evaluation, imaging studies such as CT or MRI scans, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) to determine the nature of the tumor. Treatment options depend on the type, size, and location of the neoplasm but may include surgical excision, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.
Salivary glands are exocrine glands that produce saliva, which is secreted into the oral cavity to keep the mouth and throat moist, aid in digestion by initiating food breakdown, and help maintain dental health. There are three major pairs of salivary glands: the parotid glands located in the cheeks, the submandibular glands found beneath the jaw, and the sublingual glands situated under the tongue. Additionally, there are numerous minor salivary glands distributed throughout the oral cavity lining. These glands release their secretions through a system of ducts into the mouth.
Salivary gland diseases refer to a group of conditions that affect the function and structure of the salivary glands. These glands are responsible for producing saliva, which helps in digestion, lubrication, and protection of the mouth and throat. The major salivary glands include the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands.
There are several types of salivary gland diseases, including:
1. Salivary Gland Infections: These are usually caused by bacteria or viruses that infect the gland, ducts, or surrounding tissues. The most common infection is called sialadenitis, which can cause pain, swelling, redness, and difficulty swallowing.
2. Salivary Gland Stones (Sialolithiasis): These are small, hard deposits that form in the ducts of the salivary glands, causing blockages and leading to swelling, pain, and infection.
3. Salivary Gland Tumors: Both benign and malignant tumors can develop in the salivary glands. Benign tumors are usually slow-growing and cause localized swelling, while malignant tumors may be more aggressive and spread to other parts of the body.
4. Salivary Gland Dysfunction: This refers to conditions that affect the production or flow of saliva, such as Sjogren's syndrome, radiation therapy, dehydration, or certain medications.
5. Autoimmune Disorders: Conditions like Sjogren's syndrome, lupus, and rheumatoid arthritis can affect the salivary glands and cause inflammation, dry mouth, and other symptoms.
6. Salivary Gland Trauma: Injuries to the face or neck can damage the salivary glands and lead to swelling, bleeding, or decreased function.
Proper diagnosis and treatment of salivary gland diseases require a thorough evaluation by a healthcare professional, often involving imaging studies, laboratory tests, and biopsies. Treatment options may include antibiotics, surgery, radiation therapy, or changes in medication or lifestyle.
The submandibular glands are one of the major salivary glands in the human body. They are located beneath the mandible (jawbone) and produce saliva that helps in digestion, lubrication, and protection of the oral cavity. The saliva produced by the submandibular glands contains enzymes like amylase and mucin, which aid in the digestion of carbohydrates and provide moisture to the mouth and throat. Any medical condition or disease that affects the submandibular gland may impact its function and could lead to problems such as dry mouth (xerostomia), swelling, pain, or infection.
A pleomorphic adenoma is a type of benign (non-cancerous) tumor that typically develops in the salivary glands, although they can also occur in other areas such as the nasopharynx and skin. "Pleomorphic" refers to the diverse appearance of the cells within the tumor, which can vary in size, shape, and arrangement.
Pleomorphic adenomas are composed of a mixture of epithelial and mesenchymal cells, which can form glandular structures, squamous (scale-like) cells, and areas that resemble cartilage or bone. These tumors tend to grow slowly and usually do not spread to other parts of the body.
While pleomorphic adenomas are generally not dangerous, they can cause problems if they become large enough to press on surrounding tissues or structures. In some cases, these tumors may also undergo malignant transformation, leading to a cancerous growth known as carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma. Surgical removal is the standard treatment for pleomorphic adenomas, and the prognosis is generally good with proper management.
The parotid gland is the largest of the major salivary glands. It is a bilobed, accessory digestive organ that secretes serous saliva into the mouth via the parotid duct (Stensen's duct), located near the upper second molar tooth. The parotid gland is primarily responsible for moistening and lubricating food to aid in swallowing and digestion.
Anatomically, the parotid gland is located in the preauricular region, extending from the zygomatic arch superiorly to the angle of the mandible inferiorly, and from the masseter muscle anteriorly to the sternocleidomastoid muscle posteriorly. It is enclosed within a fascial capsule and has a rich blood supply from the external carotid artery and a complex innervation pattern involving both parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers.
Parotid gland disorders can include salivary gland stones (sialolithiasis), infections, inflammatory conditions, benign or malignant tumors, and autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome.
Bile ducts are tubular structures that carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder for storage or directly to the small intestine to aid in digestion. There are two types of bile ducts: intrahepatic and extrahepatic. Intrahepatic bile ducts are located within the liver and drain bile from liver cells, while extrahepatic bile ducts are outside the liver and include the common hepatic duct, cystic duct, and common bile duct. These ducts can become obstructed or inflamed, leading to various medical conditions such as cholestasis, cholecystitis, and gallstones.
The pancreatic ducts are a set of tubular structures within the pancreas that play a crucial role in the digestive system. The main pancreatic duct, also known as the duct of Wirsung, is responsible for transporting pancreatic enzymes and bicarbonate-rich fluid from the pancreas to the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine.
The exocrine portion of the pancreas contains numerous smaller ducts called interlobular ducts and intralobular ducts that merge and ultimately join the main pancreatic duct. This system ensures that the digestive enzymes and fluids produced by the pancreas are effectively delivered to the small intestine, where they aid in the breakdown and absorption of nutrients from food.
In addition to the main pancreatic duct, there is an accessory pancreatic duct, also known as Santorini's duct, which can sometimes join the common bile duct before emptying into the duodenum through a shared opening called the ampulla of Vater. However, in most individuals, the accessory pancreatic duct usually drains into the main pancreatic duct before entering the duodenum.
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a technique used in pathology and laboratory medicine to identify specific proteins or antigens in tissue sections. It combines the principles of immunology and histology to detect the presence and location of these target molecules within cells and tissues. This technique utilizes antibodies that are specific to the protein or antigen of interest, which are then tagged with a detection system such as a chromogen or fluorophore. The stained tissue sections can be examined under a microscope, allowing for the visualization and analysis of the distribution and expression patterns of the target molecule in the context of the tissue architecture. Immunohistochemistry is widely used in diagnostic pathology to help identify various diseases, including cancer, infectious diseases, and immune-mediated disorders.
The thoracic duct is the largest lymphatic vessel in the human body. It is a part of the lymphatic system, which helps to regulate fluid balance and immune function. The thoracic duct originates from the cisterna chyli, a dilated sac located in the abdomen near the aorta.
The thoracic duct collects lymph from the lower extremities, abdomen, pelvis, and left side of the thorax (chest). It ascends through the diaphragm and enters the chest, where it passes through the mediastinum (the central part of the chest between the lungs) and eventually drains into the left subclavian vein.
The thoracic duct plays a crucial role in transporting lymphatic fluid, which contains white blood cells, fats, proteins, and other substances, back into the circulatory system. Any obstruction or damage to the thoracic duct can lead to lymph accumulation in the surrounding tissues, causing swelling and other symptoms.
Salivary ducts
Salivary duct
Salivary duct stricture
Salivary duct carcinoma
Extracorporeal shockwave therapy
Salivary gland disease
Smeagol (gastropod)
Discovery and development of antiandrogens
HER2
Ion semiconductor sequencing
HRAS
Parotid duct
Alessandro Achillini
Augustus Quirinus Rivinus
Sialodochitis
NEDD4L
Richie Poulton
Sialectasis
Dry eye syndrome
Salivary gland hyperplasia
RAB11FIP5
Stomatitis nicotina
Submandibular duct
Sialography
Ectopic salivary gland tissue
NEDD4
Salivary gland atresia
Parotitis
Barley yellow dwarf
Sialadenitis
Pseudunela cornuta
Salivary ducts - Wikipedia
Salivary duct stones: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Salivary Duct Stones: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis
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Malignant Parotid Tumors: Practice Essentials, Anatomy, Diagnosis
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845. Nitrate (WHO Food Additives Series 35)
Carcinoma6
- Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is an aggressive, uncommon tumor histologically comparable to high-grade mammary ductal carcinoma. (elsevierpure.com)
- The androgen-androgen receptor (AR) axis may be involved in malignant phenotypes of salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) cells and therefore may be a new target for SDC treatment. (elsevierpure.com)
- Objective: Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a highly aggressive and uncommon tumor arising not only de novo but also in pleomorphic adenoma. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
- Salivary gland carcinoma]. (nih.gov)
- Cutaneous lymphangitis carcinomatosa in salivary duct carcinoma. (nih.gov)
- Background: The most common type of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CPA) is histologically equivalent to salivary duct carcinoma, which has an apocrine phenotype. (koreamed.org)
Sialolithiasis3
- The father of two was diagnosed with five stones in his salivary ducts - a relatively less known condition called Sialolithiasis. (aarogya.com)
- When they block the salivary glands, this is known as sialolithiasis. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- For oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) KARL STORZ has developed miniature endoscopes and instruments that can diagnose specific pathologies, as well as perform endoscopic treatment of salivary duct stenosis and sialolithiasis, using stone baskets, microdrills, laser as well additional instruments, which is a minimally invasive alternative to open salivary gland surgery. (karlstorz.com)
Involving the salivary glands1
- In some countries, maxillofacial surgeons are also involved in the primary treatment of neoplasm involving the salivary glands. (medscape.com)
Parotid glands6
- Stones can also form in the ducts connected to the parotid glands, which are located on each side of your face in front of your ears. (healthline.com)
- The parotid glands are the largest salivary glands in humans and are frequently involved in disease processes. (medscape.com)
- Salivary glands are founds in three pairs -parotid glands behind the lower jaw, submandibular glands on the floor of the mouth, and sublingual glands below the tongue. (aarogya.com)
- Parotitis is an inflammation of one or both parotid glands , the major salivary glands located on either side of the face, in humans.Acute suppurative parotitis is a very painful bacterial infection of the gland. (health-care-articles.info)
- The largest salivary glands are the parotid glands in front of the ears, the sublingual glands underneath the tongue, and the submandibular glands beneath the lower jaw. (learninggnm.com)
- The parotid glands, the largest pair of salivary glands, lie just behind the angle of the jaw, below and in front of the ears. (msdmanuals.com)
Advanced Salivary Gland Cancers1
- Jakob JA, Kies MS, Glisson BS, Kupferman ME, Liu DD, Lee JJ, El-Naggar AK, Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Blumenschein GR . A Phase II study of Gefitinib in Patients with Advanced Salivary Gland Cancers. (mdanderson.org)
Calculus2
- The stone is often referred to as salivary duct calculus and mainly occurs in middle-aged adults. (healthline.com)
- The association of clinical and radiographic findings led to the diagnosis of salivary calculus. (bvsalud.org)
Diagnosis2
- Diagnosis of a kinking Stensen's duct is aided with salivary endoscopy and imaging to determine the precipitating pathology. (karger.com)
- [ 1 ] This article reviews basic salivary anatomy and physiology, several important diseases affecting the glands, salivary constituents as measures of health, trends in diagnosis, and the management of xerostomia and drooling. (medscape.com)
Block the salivary2
- The chemicals in saliva can form a hard crystal that can block the salivary ducts. (medlineplus.gov)
- When these stones block the salivary ducts, saliva builds up in the glands, making them swell. (medicoverhospitals.in)
Cyst1
- 2] However, the retention cyst is a true cyst due to an epithelial proliferation of the exit ducts that generates an obstruction of the salivary flow. (bvsalud.org)
Form in the ducts1
- Salivary stones can form in the ducts of any salivary gland. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Blocked salivary gland1
- What are the symptoms of a blocked salivary gland? (blfilm.com)
Symptoms6
- Contact your provider if you have symptoms of salivary duct stones. (medlineplus.gov)
- What are the symptoms of salivary duct stones? (healthline.com)
- Symptoms of salivary duct stones include getting pain in the face, mouth, or neck that becomes worse just before or during meals. (medicoverhospitals.in)
- In this article, we explain what salivary stones are and discuss their symptoms and causes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Salivary stones do not usually cause symptoms when they are forming, and they can sometimes disappear on their own. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Often there are additional symptoms, such as arthritis, enlarged lymph nodes, or enlarged salivary glands. (hss.edu)
Calculi1
- Squamous metaplasia is usually the result of chronic irritation, but it can have other causes (e.g., hypovitamnosis A). In the salivary ducts, metaplasia of the normally cuboidal ductal epithelium to stratified squamous epithelium has been seen in response to chemicals, ionizing radiation, viral infections, vitamin A deficiency, and blockage of ducts by salivary calculi. (nih.gov)
Stensen's5
- These include: Stensen's duct Wharton's duct Major sublingual duct This article includes a list of related items that share the same name (or similar names). (wikipedia.org)
- Stensen's duct drains the parotid gland opposite the upper second molar. (blfilm.com)
- To investigate 3 cases of chronic parotitis secondary to an acute bend in Stensen's duct caused by an enlargement of the masseteric space. (karger.com)
- Salivary endoscopy showed an acute bend in Stensen's duct secondary to a mass effect. (karger.com)
- Salivary endoscopy revealed bilateral kinking of Stensen's duct with jaw closure. (karger.com)
Minor salivary3
- According to research from 2012 , more than 80 percent of salivary stones form in the submandibular gland, while 6-15 percent occur in the parotid gland, and 2 percent are in the sublingual and minor salivary glands. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Dentists are involved with aspects of salivary gland function in several ways, such as diagnosing problems involving the major and minor salivary glands, in the management of oral dryness associated with salivary problems, in the treatment of caries and periodontal disease resulting from decreased salivary flow, and in controlling salivation during restorative procedures. (medscape.com)
- It's a very common exophytic lesion resulting from a salivary accumulation, due to an alteration of the minor salivary gland.They can be categorized according to their etiology: they may occur from extravasation or retention of the secretion.The main one is the extravasation mucocele caused by traumatic rupture of the gland's epithelium spilling out the mucus in the extra-glandular space. (bvsalud.org)
Saliva cannot2
- When saliva cannot exit a blocked duct, it backs up into the gland. (medlineplus.gov)
- When saliva cannot flow through a duct, it backs up in the gland, causing swelling and pain. (healthline.com)
Parasympathetic and sympathetic2
- The parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems stimulate the salivary glands. (blfilm.com)
- Autonomic innervation of the salivary glands involves both parasympathetic and sympathetic input. (medscape.com)
Disorders1
- Inflammatory disorders of the salivary glands. (medlineplus.gov)
Infection3
- How do I know if I have a salivary gland infection? (blfilm.com)
- Salivary stones can sometimes also lead to infection in or around the affected gland. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- The team of experts at the UPMC Salivary Gland Stone and Infection Center diagnose and treat people who have conditions affecting the salivary glands. (upmc.com)
Minimally invasive1
- We also work to advance the practice of minimally invasive surgical techniques to remove stones through the salivary ducts. (upmc.com)
Tumors1
- Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the DNA ploidy and S-Phase Fraction (SPF) of some Salivary Gland Tumors (SGTs) in Egyptian patients and to investigate the correlation between these two biological parameters and the presumptive behavior of these neoplasms. (researchgate.net)
Blockage1
- It's the most common cause of blockage in the salivary ducts. (healthline.com)
Mouth17
- Spit (saliva) is produced by the salivary glands in the mouth. (medlineplus.gov)
- Because salivary duct stones cause mouth pain, both doctors and dentists can diagnose this condition and provide medical treatment if necessary. (healthline.com)
- The main symptom of salivary duct stones is pain in your face, mouth, or neck that becomes worse just before or during meals. (healthline.com)
- You have three pairs of major salivary glands in your mouth. (healthline.com)
- Cannulation of duct orifice successful as was entry into duct through floor of mouth incison through previous scar overlying previous entry site into duct. (uiowa.edu)
- submandibular duct (Wharton duct): connects the submandibular gland to the floor of the mouth. (blfilm.com)
- Wharton's duct drains the submandibular and some of the sublingual glands into the floor of the mouth near the frenulum of the tongue. (blfilm.com)
- Each submandibular duct begins at the right and left sides of the mouth. (blfilm.com)
- They all secrete saliva into your mouth, the parotid through tubes that drain saliva, called salivary ducts, near your upper teeth, submandibular under your tongue, and the sublingual through many ducts in the floor of your mouth. (blfilm.com)
- During the surgery, the instru ment is inserted into the duct of the salivary gland, and the stone is removed without any incision on the face or the mouth. (aarogya.com)
- Salivary stones are small stones that form in the glands of the mouth. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- The salivary glands in the mouth produce a liquid called saliva. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- The mouth contains hundreds of minor, or small, salivary glands. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- The salivary glands are located in several parts of the mouth. (learninggnm.com)
- The submucosa of the mouth and pharynx (including the lips, gums, palate, tongue, salivary glands, tonsils, and throat) consists of intestinal cylinder epithelium , originates from the endoderm and is therefore controlled from the brainstem. (learninggnm.com)
- In addition to these major glands, many tiny salivary glands are distributed throughout the mouth. (msdmanuals.com)
- However, not all cases of dry mouth are caused by salivary gland malfunction. (msdmanuals.com)
Secretion2
- However, the kinetics of nitrate secretion in rat saliva appear to have been less well studied than in humans, and even less is known concerning salivary secretion in mice. (inchem.org)
- In the dog, in addition to strong salivary secretion, large quantities of nitrate were excreted in the bile following i.v. administration of nitrite, thus confirming this pathway of excretion as well as oxidation of nitrite in vivo (Walker, in press). (inchem.org)
Parotitis1
- Mumps is an acute viral illness caused by a paramyxovirus that typically presents as swelling of the parotid (parotitis) or other salivary gland[s]. (cdc.gov)
Patients1
- There is a sense of disbelief among patients when we tell them about stones in the salivary glands. (aarogya.com)
Malignant4
- Background/Aim: Androgens are known to play a critical role in prostate cancer progression, but their effect on malignant phenotypes in salivary gland cancer is unclear. (elsevierpure.com)
- This study on 279 tumours of the salivary glands was conducted to analyse whether the assessment of DNA ploidy by flow cytometry may assist histopathology in discriminating benign from malignant types of tumours. (researchgate.net)
- Twelve of 50 malignant salivary gland tumours were aneuploid. (researchgate.net)
- The most obvious value of DNA flow cytometry in salivary gland tumours is thus its contribution to assist histopathology in identifying potentially malignant lesions. (researchgate.net)
Drain2
- Salivary duct stones are deposits of minerals in the ducts that drain the salivary glands. (medlineplus.gov)
- Additionally, it's adjacent to salivary glands and ducts that drain these glands. (koaa.com)
Dryness1
- This is an X-ray with dye in it that travels through the salivary ducts and detects dryness. (hss.edu)
Pathology1
- Significant abnormality or disease of the salivary glands, such as that associated with Sjögren syndrome or neoplasm, necessitates additional evaluation by an otolaryngologist or an otolaryngologist/head and neck surgeon for comprehensive treatment of the gland pathology itself. (medscape.com)
Wharton's3
- What is Wharton's duct? (blfilm.com)
- Wharton's duct is a thin tube, about 5 cm in length, and an essential carrier of your saliva. (blfilm.com)
- The submandibular duct, also called the Wharton's duct, is the excretory duct of the gland. (blfilm.com)
Submandibular glands2
- Salivary stones most often affect the submandibular glands. (medlineplus.gov)
- Salivary duct stones occur most often in the ducts connected to your submandibular glands. (healthline.com)
Artery1
- Artery and salivary duct from the parotid gland of a fetal calf, shown in isolation. (utoronto.ca)
Underneath the tongue1
- The submandibular duct openings are underneath the tongue. (blfilm.com)
Biopsy1
- Saliva flow can be measured, or doctors may biopsy salivary gland tissue. (msdmanuals.com)
Involves3
- Treatment for salivary duct stones involves activities to get rid of the stones. (healthline.com)
- This involves removing a small salivary gland from inside your lip and examining it under the microscope for inflammatory cells in a certain pattern. (hss.edu)
- Salivary gland malfunction is more common among adults and usually involves too little saliva production. (msdmanuals.com)
Cancer3
Major3
- The three major salivary glands are the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. (blfilm.com)
- The salivary system is composed of 3 major gland sets and multiple minor glands. (medscape.com)
- More recent research, however, suggests that salivary function in the major glands may diminish with increasing age. (medscape.com)
Stone9
- Massaging the gland with heat -- The provider or dentist may be able to push the stone out of the duct. (medlineplus.gov)
- The goal is to increase saliva production and force the stone out of your duct. (healthline.com)
- If you can't get the stone out at home, your doctor or dentist can try to push it out by pressing on both sides of the duct. (healthline.com)
- Retained 20 gauge angiocatheter in submandibular duct placed after ductoplasty with stone removal. (uiowa.edu)
- The most commonly accepted one is that food particles enter the ducts and there is salt deposition around them, leading to formation of a stone. (aarogya.com)
- A salivary gland stone is a calcified structure that forms inside a salivary gland or duct. (medicoverhospitals.in)
- 1. How does a salivary duct stone feel? (medicoverhospitals.in)
- 2. Can you squeeze out a salivary stone? (medicoverhospitals.in)
- Gently massaging the affected area may relieve pain and encourage the stone to pass through the salivary duct. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Diagnose and treat1
- A technique called sialendoscopy, can diagnose and treat stones in the salivary gland duct using very small cameras and instruments. (medlineplus.gov)
Fraction1
- [ 3 ] Testosterone circulating in the body readily diffuses across capillaries and salivary ducts, resulting in a salivary fraction containing free unbound testosterone. (medscape.com)