Salicylic acid. Medical search

A compound obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves. It has bacteriostatic, fungicidal, and keratolytic actions.

The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.

Eighteen-carbon cyclopentyl polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID via an oxidative pathway analogous to the EICOSANOIDS in animals. Biosynthesis is inhibited by SALICYLATES. A key member, jasmonic acid of PLANTS, plays a similar role to ARACHIDONIC ACID in animals.

A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.

Diseases of plants.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in plants.

A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that contains ARABIDOPSIS PROTEINS and MADS DOMAIN PROTEINS. The species A. thaliana is used for experiments in classical plant genetics as well as molecular genetic studies in plant physiology, biochemistry, and development.

Any of the hormones produced naturally in plants and active in controlling growth and other functions. There are three primary classes: auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins.

A species of gram-negative, fluorescent, phytopathogenic bacteria in the genus PSEUDOMONAS. It is differentiated into approximately 50 pathovars with different plant pathogenicities and host specificities.

Derivatives of ethylene, a simple organic gas of biological origin with many industrial and biological use.

Proteins that originate from plants species belonging to the genus ARABIDOPSIS. The most intensely studied species of Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis thaliana, is commonly used in laboratory experiments.

The inherent or induced capacity of plants to withstand or ward off biological attack by pathogens.

Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)

PLANTS, or their progeny, whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING.

Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which VEGETABLE PROTEINS is available.

A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain NICOTINE and other biologically active chemicals; its dried leaves are used for SMOKING.

The capacity of an organism to defend itself against pathological processes or the agents of those processes. This most often involves innate immunity whereby the organism responds to pathogens in a generic way. The term disease resistance is used most frequently when referring to plants.

Eukaryotes in the group STRAMENOPILES, formerly considered FUNGI, whose exact taxonomic level is unsettled. Many consider Oomycetes (Oomycota) a phylum in the kingdom Stramenopila, or alternatively, as Pseudofungi in the phylum Heterokonta of the kingdom Chromista. They are morphologically similar to fungi but have no close phylogenetic relationship to them. Oomycetes are found in both fresh and salt water as well as in terrestrial environments. (Alexopoulos et al., Introductory Mycology, 4th ed, pp683-4). They produce flagellated, actively motile spores (zoospores) that are pathogenic to many crop plants and FISHES.

Heterocyclic acids that are derivatives of 4-pyridinecarboxylic acid (isonicotinic acid).

A mitosporic Leotiales fungal genus of plant pathogens. It has teleomorphs in the genus Botryotina.

Benign epidermal proliferations or tumors; some are viral in origin.

The functional hereditary units of PLANTS.

Salts and esters of gentisic acid.

The type species of TOBAMOVIRUS which causes mosaic disease of tobacco. Transmission occurs by mechanical inoculation.

A mitosporic Loculoascomycetes fungal genus including several plant pathogens and at least one species which produces a highly phytotoxic antibiotic. Its teleomorph is Lewia.

Plants or plant parts which are harmful to man or other animals.

An enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of PHENYLALANINE to form trans-cinnamate and ammonia.

Plant growth factor derived from the root of Scopolia carniolica or Scopolia japonica.

Agents that soften, separate, and cause desquamation of the cornified epithelium or horny layer of skin. They are used to expose mycelia of infecting fungi or to treat corns, warts, and certain other skin diseases.

Enzymes of the isomerase class that catalyze the transfer of acyl-, phospho-, amino- or other groups from one position within a molecule to another. EC 5.4.

The capacity of a normal organism to remain unaffected by microorganisms and their toxins. It results from the presence of naturally occurring ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS, constitutional factors such as BODY TEMPERATURE and immediate acting immune cells such as NATURAL KILLER CELLS.

The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5)

A form of therapy consisting in the local or general use of cold. The selective destruction of tissue by extreme cold or freezing is CRYOSURGERY. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A genus of OOMYCETES in the family Peronosporaceae. Most species are obligatory parasites and many are plant pathogens.

The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

A group of 6-alkyl SALICYLIC ACIDS that are found in ANACARDIUM and known for causing CONTACT DERMATITIS.

A plant species of the family SOLANACEAE, native of South America, widely cultivated for their edible, fleshy, usually red fruit.

Benzoate derivatives substituted by one or more hydroxy groups in any position on the benzene ring.

A group of 2-hydroxybenzoic acids that can be substituted by amino groups at any of the 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-positions.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria widely distributed in nature. Some species are pathogenic for humans, animals, and plants.

Abscission-accelerating plant growth substance isolated from young cotton fruit, leaves of sycamore, birch, and other plants, and from potatoes, lemons, avocados, and other fruits.

Ribonucleic acid in plants having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

A phylum of fungi which have cross-walls or septa in the mycelium. The perfect state is characterized by the formation of a saclike cell (ascus) containing ascospores. Most pathogenic fungi with a known perfect state belong to this phylum.

A family of fused-ring hydrocarbons isolated from coal tar that act as intermediates in various chemical reactions and are used in the production of coumarone-indene resins.

Derivatives of ACETIC ACID which contain an hydroxy group attached to the methyl carbon.

A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. The hot peppers yield CAPSAICIN, which activates VANILLOID RECEPTORS. Several varieties have sweet or pungent edible fruits that are used as vegetables when fresh and spices when the pods are dried.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

A sub-class of PEPTIDE HYDROLASES that act only near the ends of polypeptide chains.

A strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials.

A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Derivatives of ACETIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the carboxymethane structure.

A technique for growing plants in culture solutions rather than in soil. The roots are immersed in an aerated solution containing the correct proportions of essential mineral salts. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

Salts and esters of hippuric acid.

Application of a cauterant to the skin for the purpose of causing a superficial destruction of the epidermis and upper layers of the dermis. After healing, the treated area has new epithelium.

The interactions between a host and a pathogen, usually resulting in disease.

Anti-inflammatory agents that are non-steroidal in nature. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, they have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions.They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis accounts for their analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions; other mechanisms may contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects.

A genus of destructive parasitic OOMYCETES in the family Peronosporaceae, order Peronosporales, affecting numerous fruit, vegetable, and other crops. Differentiation of zoospores usually takes place in the sporangium and no vesicle is formed. It was previously considered a fungus.

Naphthalene derivatives containing the -CH2CCO2H radical at the 1-position, the 2-position, or both. Compounds are used as plant growth regulators to delay sprouting, exert weed control, thin fruit, etc.

An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed)

Enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of carboxylic acid esters with the formation of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid anion.

A genus of FUNGI, in the family Magnaporthaceae of uncertain position (incertae sedis). It is best known for its species, M. grisea, which is one of the most popular experimental organisms of all fungal plant pathogens. Its anamorph is PYRICULARIA GRISEA.

A sedative and mild hypnotic with potentially toxic effects.

Peroxidases that utilize ASCORBIC ACID as an electron donor to reduce HYDROGEN PEROXIDE to WATER. The reaction results in the production of monodehydroascorbic acid and DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID.

Annual cereal grass of the family POACEAE and its edible starchy grain, rice, which is the staple food of roughly one-half of the world's population.

Substances released by PLANTS such as PLANT GUMS and PLANT RESINS.

Widely distributed enzymes that carry out oxidation-reduction reactions in which one atom of the oxygen molecule is incorporated into the organic substrate; the other oxygen atom is reduced and combined with hydrogen ions to form water. They are also known as monooxygenases or hydroxylases. These reactions require two substrates as reductants for each of the two oxygen atoms. There are different classes of monooxygenases depending on the type of hydrogen-providing cosubstrate (COENZYMES) required in the mixed-function oxidation.

A mitosporic fungal genus commonly isolated from soil. Some species are the cause of wilt diseases in many different plants.

A plant genus of the family FABACEAE known for the edible beans.

Very young plant after GERMINATION of SEEDS.

Family of antimicrobial peptides that have been identified in humans, animals, and plants. They are thought to play a role in host defenses against infections, inflammation, wound repair, and acquired immunity.

Derivatives of BENZOIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the carboxybenzene structure.

A non-selective post-emergence, translocated herbicide. According to the Seventh Annual Report on Carcinogens (PB95-109781, 1994) this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 12th ed) It is an irreversible inhibitor of CATALASE, and thus impairs activity of peroxisomes.

Acetic acid derivatives of the heterocyclic compound indole. (Merck Index, 11th ed)

A genus of mitosporic Phyllachoraceae fungi which contains at least 40 species of plant parasites. They have teleomorphs in the genus Glomerella (see PHYLLACHORALES).

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Benzene derivatives that include one or more hydroxyl groups attached to the ring structure.

Tablets coated with material that delays release of the medication until after they leave the stomach. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of plants.

The act of feeding on plants by animals.

Distribution kinetics of salicylic acid in the dual-perfused rat liver preparation. (1/1096)

The hepatic distribution kinetics of salicylic acid was determined using a single-pass dual hepatic artery (HA) and portal vein (PV) perfused in situ rat liver preparation. Bolus doses of [14C]salicylic acid and of reference markers ([3H]-water and [14C]-sucrose) were injected in a random order into either the HA or PV and then, after an appropriate interval, into the alternate vessel. The hepatic outflow profile of [14C]salicylic acid displayed a characteristic sharp peak followed by a slower eluting tail, whereas sucrose and water displayed unimodal outflow profiles. The biphasic outflow profile indicates that the hepatic distribution of salicylic acid is not instantaneous but is limited by a permeability barrier. The in situ permeability surface area product for [14C]salicylic acid was 3.35 +/- 0.26 ml/min/g for PV and 7.45 +/- 1. 50 ml/min/g for HA administration. Furthermore, theory dictates that hepatic uptake is influenced by both perfusion and permeability if effective permeability surface area product/blood flow ratio lies between the values of 0.06 and 7.0. Our estimates (3.0 for venous output and 6.7 for arterial input) indicate that hepatic uptake of salicylic acid is dependent on both perfusion and permeability. The volume terms were calculated using two different methods, standard and specific. Regardless of the compound and method, the volume of distribution after arterial administration was larger than that after venous administration. In addition, a volume of distribution approximately twice that of the total aqueous space (i.e., HA, 2.23 +/- 0.13 versus 1.10 +/- 0.07 ml/g; PV, 1.72 +/- 0.16 versus 0.68 +/- 0.04 ml/g) implies that salicylic acid has a significant affinity for hepatic tissue. A similar tissue-to-perfusate partition coefficient associated with HA and PV input (5.40 +/- 0.38 versus 6. 48 +/- 0.56) indicates that affinity of salicylic acid for hepatic tissue is independent of the route of input. (+info)

Salicylate inhibits LDL oxidation initiated by superoxide/nitric oxide radicals. (2/1096)

Simultaneously produced superoxide/nitric oxide radicals (O2*-/NO*) could form peroxynitrite (OONO-) which has been found to cause atherogenic, i.e. oxidative modification of LDL. Aromatic hydroxylation and nitration of the aspirin metabolite salicylate by OONO- has been reported. Therefore we tested if salicylate may be able to protect LDL from oxidation by O2*-/NO* by scavenging the OONO reactive decomposition products. When LDL was exposed to simultaneously produced O2*-/NO* using the sydnonimine SIN-1, salicylate exerted an inhibitory effect on LDL oxidation as measured by TBARS and lipid hydroperoxide formation and alteration in electrophoretic mobility of LDL. The cytotoxic effect of SIN-1 pre-oxidised LDL to endothelial cells was also diminished when salicylate was present during SIN-1 treatment of LDL. Spectrophotometric analysis revealed that salicylate was converted to dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA) derivatives in the presence of SIN-1. 2,3- and 2,5-DHBA were even more effective to protect LDL from oxidation by O2*-/NO*. Because O2*-/NO* can occur in vivo, the results may indicate that salicylate could act as an efficacious inhibitor of O2*-/NO* initiated atherogenic LDL modification, thus further supporting the rationale of aspirin medication regarding cardiovascular diseases. (+info)

Is arcA3 a possible mediator in the signal transduction pathway during agonist cell cycle arrest by salicylic acid and UV irradiation? (3/1096)

Progression of BY-2 tobacco cells through the cell cycle was followed after treatments with ultra violet (UV) and salicylic acid (SA) used as a potent inhibitor of the octadecanoid pathway which can mediate response to UV irradiation. Cells in S phase were more sensitive than G0/G1 or G2 cells to UV irradiation. Although SA efficiently blocked cells in G0/G1 or G2, it did not block S phase synchronized cells. UV and SA applied simultaneously to cells in G0/G1 delayed the cell cycle progression more than each one separately. Therefore UV irradiation and SA act as agonists to arrest BY-2 cells at cell cycle entry. To further investigate the signalling pathway mediating UV response, we complemented a UV-sensitive Escherichia coli strain with a Nicotiana xanthi cDNA expression library. A cDNA (arcA3) whose coding sequence is identical to the 2,4-D induced arcA cDNA cloned by Ishida et al. (1993) was isolated. We show that arcA3 transcription is induced at cell cycle entry but not directly by the 2,4-D treatment. Moreover, arcA3 transcription is induced prior to the restriction point as shown with the CDK inhibitor roscovitine. The arcA3 transcription level is increased by UV irradiation but prevented by SA. Indeed, addition of SA prior to UV irradiation blocks the induction of arcA3 transcription. This suggests that arcA3 gene is modulated in both UV and SA responses, the SA effect preceding the UV step. Since arcA3 is 67% similar to RACK1 (functional homology), a rat intracellular receptor for protein kinase C, and possesses identical PKC fixation motifs, it is hypothesised that the arcA3 gene is involved in UV and SA cell cycle arrest. (+info)

Inverse relationship between systemic resistance of plants to microorganisms and to insect herbivory. (4/1096)

Pre-inoculation of plants with a pathogen that induces necrosis leads to the development of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to subsequent pathogen attack [1]. The phenylpropanoid-derived compound salicylic acid (SA) is necessary for the full expression of both local resistance and SAR [2] [3]. A separate signaling pathway involving jasmonic acid (JA) is involved in systemic responses to wounding and insect herbivory [4] [5]. There is evidence both supporting and opposing the idea of cross-protection against microbial pathogens and insect herbivores [6] [7]. This is a controversial area because pharmacological experiments point to negative cross-talk between responses to systemic pathogens and responses to wounding [8] [9] [10], although this has not been demonstrated functionally in vivo. Here, we report that reducing phenylpropanoid biosynthesis by silencing the expression of phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) reduces SAR to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), whereas overexpression of PAL enhances SAR. Tobacco plants with reduced SAR exhibited more effective grazing-induced systemic resistance to larvae of Heliothis virescens, but larval resistance was reduced in plants with elevated phenylpropanoid levels. Furthermore, genetic modification of components involved in phenylpropanoid synthesis revealed an inverse relationship between SA and JA levels. These results demonstrate phenylpropanoid-mediated cross-talk in vivo between microbially induced and herbivore-induced pathways of systemic resistance. (+info)

Nanogram amounts of salicylic acid produced by the rhizobacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7NSK2 activate the systemic acquired resistance pathway in bean. (5/1096)

Root colonization by specific nonpathogenic bacteria can induce a systemic resistance in plants to pathogen infections. In bean, this kind of systemic resistance can be induced by the rhizobacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7NSK2 and depends on the production of salicylic acid by this strain. In a model with plants grown in perlite we demonstrated that Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7NSK2-induced resistance is equivalent to the inclusion of 1 nM salicylic acid in the nutrient solution and used the latter treatment to analyze the molecular basis of this phenomenon. Hydroponic feeding of 1 nM salicylic acid solutions induced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in roots and increased free salicylic acid levels in leaves. Because pathogen-induced systemic acquired resistance involves similar changes it was concluded that 7NSK2-induced resistance is mediated by the systemic acquired resistance pathway. This conclusion was validated by analysis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in roots and of salicylic acid levels in leaves of soil-grown plants treated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The induction of systemic acquired resistance by nanogram amounts of salicylic acid is discussed with respect to long-distance signaling in systemic acquired resistance. (+info)

Interaction of NPR1 with basic leucine zipper protein transcription factors that bind sequences required for salicylic acid induction of the PR-1 gene. (6/1096)

The Arabidopsis thaliana NPR1 has been shown to be a key regulator of gene expression during the onset of a plant disease-resistance response known as systemic acquired resistance. The npr1 mutant plants fail to respond to systemic acquired resistance-inducing signals such as salicylic acid (SA), or express SA-induced pathogenesis-related (PR) genes. Using NPR1 as bait in a yeast two-hybrid screen, we identified a subclass of transcription factors in the basic leucine zipper protein family (AHBP-1b and TGA6) and showed that they interact specifically in yeast and in vitro with NPR1. Point mutations that abolish the NPR1 function in A. thaliana also impair the interactions between NPR1 and the transcription factors in the yeast two-hybrid assay. Furthermore, a gel mobility shift assay showed that the purified transcription factor protein, AHBP-1b, binds specifically to an SA-responsive promoter element of the A. thaliana PR-1 gene. These data suggest that NPR1 may regulate PR-1 gene expression by interacting with a subclass of basic leucine zipper protein transcription factors. (+info)

Environmental factors modulating antibiotic and siderophore biosynthesis by Pseudomonas fluorescens biocontrol strains. (7/1096)

Understanding the environmental factors that regulate the biosynthesis of antimicrobial compounds by disease-suppressive strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens is an essential step toward improving the level and reliability of their biocontrol activity. We used liquid culture assays to identify several minerals and carbon sources which had a differential influence on the production of the antibiotics 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (PHL), pyoluteorin (PLT), and pyrrolnitrin and the siderophores salicylic acid and pyochelin by the model strain CHA0, which was isolated from a natural disease-suppressive soil in Switzerland. Production of PHL was stimulated by Zn2+, NH4Mo2+, and glucose; the precursor compound mono-acetylphloroglucinol was stimulated by the same factors as PHL. Production of PLT was stimulated by Zn2+, Co2+, and glycerol but was repressed by glucose. Pyrrolnitrin production was increased by fructose, mannitol, and a mixture of Zn2+ and NH4Mo2+. Pyochelin production was increased by Co2+, fructose, mannitol, and glucose. Interestingly, production of its precursor salicylic acid was increased by different factors, i.e., NH4Mo2+, glycerol, and glucose. The mixture of Zn2+ and NH4Mo2+ with fructose, mannitol, or glycerol further enhanced the production of PHL and PLT compared with either the minerals or the carbon sources used alone, but it did not improve siderophore production. Extending fermentation time from 2 to 5 days increased the accumulation of PLT, pyrrolnitrin, and pyochelin but not of PHL. When findings with CHA0 were extended to an ecologically and genetically diverse collection of 41 P. fluorescens biocontrol strains, the effect of certain factors was strain dependent, while others had a general effect. Stimulation of PHL by Zn2+ and glucose was strain dependent, whereas PLT production by all strains that can produce this compound was stimulated by Zn2+ and transiently repressed by glucose. Inorganic phosphate reduced PHL production by CHA0 and seven other strains tested but to various degrees. Production of PLT but not pyrrolnitrin by CHA0 was also reduced by 100 mM phosphate. The use of 1/10-strength nutrient broth-yeast extract, compared with standard nutrient broth-yeast extract, amended with glucose and/or glycerol resulted in dramatically increased accumulations of PHL (but not PLT), pyochelin, and salicylic acid, indicating that the ratio of carbon source to nutrient concentration played a key role in the metabolic flow. The results of this study (i) provide insight into the biosynthetic regulation of antimicrobial compounds, (ii) limit the number of factors for intensive study in situ, and (iii) indicate factors that can be manipulated to improve bacterial inoculants. (+info)

A functional 4-hydroxysalicylate/hydroxyquinol degradative pathway gene cluster is linked to the initial dibenzo-p-dioxin pathway genes in Sphingomonas sp. strain RW1. (8/1096)

The bacterium Sphingomonas sp. strain RW1 is able to use dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, and several hydroxylated derivatives as sole sources of carbon and energy. We have determined and analyzed the nucleic acid sequence of a 9,997-bp HindIII fragment downstream of cistrons dxnA1A2, which encode the dioxygenase component of the initial dioxygenase system of the corresponding catabolic pathways. This fragment contains 10 colinear open reading frames (ORFs), apparently organized in one compact operon. The enzymatic activities of some proteins encoded by these genes were analyzed in the strain RW1 and, after hyperexpression, in Escherichia coli. The first three ORFs of the locus, designated dxnC, ORF2, and fdx3, specify a protein with a low homology to bacterial siderophore receptors, a polypeptide representing no significant homology to known proteins, and a putative ferredoxin, respectively. dxnD encodes a 69-kDa phenol monooxygenase-like protein with activity for the turnover of 4-hydroxysalicylate, and dxnE codes for a 37-kDa protein whose sequence and activity are similar to those of known maleylacetate reductases. The following gene, dxnF, encodes a 33-kDa intradiol dioxygenase which efficiently cleaves hydroxyquinol, yielding maleylacetate, the ketoform of 3-hydroxy-cis,cis-muconate. The heteromeric protein encoded by dxnGH is a 3-oxoadipate succinyl coenzyme A (succinyl-CoA) transferase, whereas dxnI specifies a protein exhibiting marked homology to acetyl-CoA acetyltransferases (thiolases). The last ORF of the sequenced fragment codes for a putative transposase. DxnD, DxnF, DxnE, DxnGH, and DxnI (the activities of most of them have also been detected in strain RW1) thus form a complete 4-hydroxysalicylate/hydroxyquinol degradative pathway. A route for the mineralization of the growth substrates 3-hydroxydibenzofuran and 2-hydroxydibenzo-p-dioxin in Sphingomonas sp. strain RW1 thus suggests itself. (+info)

However, in the body it metabolizes into salicylates, including salicylic acid, a known NSAID. Methyl salicylate is used in low ... Methyl salicylate is believed to function by being metabolized to the plant hormone salicylic acid. Since methyl salicylate is ... Methyl salicylate can be produced by esterifying salicylic acid with methanol. Commercial methyl salicylate is now synthesized ... Boullard, Olivier; Leblanc, Henri; Besson, Bernard (2012). "Salicylic Acid". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methyl_salicylate

... is a salicylic acid derivative with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. It was developed by Merck Sharp & ... Boullard O, Leblanc H, Besson B (2012). "Salicylic Acid". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. ... The inhibition of prostaglandins has the effect of decreasing the protection given to the stomach from its own acid. Like all ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diflunisal

"Salicylic Acid". www.drugbank.ca.. *^ a b "SALICYLIC ACID - National Library of Medicine HSDB Database". toxnet.nlm.nih.gov. ... Salicylic acid (from Latin salix, willow tree) is a lipophilic monohydroxybenzoic acid, a type of phenolic acid, and a beta ... Salicylic acid occurs in plants as free salicylic acid and its carboxylated esters and phenolic glycosides. Several studies ... As a topical agent and as a beta-hydroxy acid (and unlike alpha-hydroxy acids), salicylic acid is capable of penetrating and ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salicylate

Kaeding, Warren W. (1 September 1964). "Oxidation of Aromatic Acids. IV. Decarboxylation of Salicylic Acids". The Journal of ... C6H5NH2 + HCl/NaNO2 → C6H5OH + N2 + H2O + NaCl Salicylic acid decarboxylates to phenol. The major uses of phenol, consuming two ... On page 69 of volume 31, Runge names phenol "Karbolsäure" (coal-oil-acid, carbolic acid). Runge characterizes phenol in: F. F. ... Runge called phenol "Karbolsäure" (coal-oil-acid, carbolic acid). Coal tar remained the primary source until the development of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenol

Salicylic acid[edit]. Salicylic acid is a topically applied beta-hydroxy acid that stops bacteria from reproducing and has ... "Topical azelaic acid, salicylic acid, nicotinamide, sulphur, zinc and fruit acid (alpha-hydroxy acid) for acne". Cochrane ... lactic acid, salicylic acid, Jessner's solution, or a lower concentration (20%) of trichloroacetic acid. These peels only ... Azelaic acid, benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, antibiotics, birth control pills, isotretinoin[8]. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acne_vulgaris

Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... the free carboxylic acid), are agonists of the prostacyclin receptor, which leads to vasodilation in the pulmonary circulation. ... Tiaprofenic acid (tiaprofenate). *Vedaprofen; Anthranilic acids (fenamic acids): Etofenamic acid (etofenamate). *Floctafenic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selexipag

Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... The risk of bleeding increases with the concurrent medications clopidogrel, cefoperazone, valproic acid, cefotetan, ... Chemically ketorolac functions as a carboxylic acid derivative serving non-selectively to block the prostaglandin synthesis by ... Tiaprofenic acid (tiaprofenate). *Vedaprofen; Anthranilic acids (fenamic acids): Etofenamic acid (etofenamate). *Floctafenic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketorolac

Salicylic acids. *Takeda Pharmaceutical Company. Hidden categories: *Articles with short description. *Template:drugs.com link ... Mesalazine, also known as mesalamine or 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), is a medication used to treat inflammatory bowel disease ... Tiaprofenic acid (tiaprofenate). *Vedaprofen; Anthranilic acids (fenamic acids): Etofenamic acid (etofenamate). *Floctafenic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asacol

Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... Simila S, Keinanen S, Kouvalainen K.Oral antipyretic therapy: evaluation of benorylate, an ester of acetylsalicylic acid and ... Tiaprofenic acid (tiaprofenate). *Vedaprofen; Anthranilic acids (fenamic acids): Etofenamic acid (etofenamate). *Floctafenic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benorilate

Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... Corey speculated that the cardiotoxicity may be associated with an organic acid anhydride formed when rofecoxib is exposed to ... Tiaprofenic acid (tiaprofenate). *Vedaprofen; Anthranilic acids (fenamic acids): Etofenamic acid (etofenamate). *Floctafenic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rofecoxib

Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... Since diacylglycerol is synthesized via phosphatidic acid, it will usually contain a saturated fatty acid at the C-1 position ... or free fatty acids.(See Dietary sources of fatty acids, their digestion, absorption, transport in the blood and storage for ... to form lysophosphatidic acid, which is then acylated with another molecule of acyl-CoA to yield phosphatidic acid. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diglyceride

Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... Polymorphism in the CysLTR2 gene resulting in a single amino acid substitution, M201V (i.e. amino acid methionine changed for ... CysLTR2 encodes a protein composed of 347 amino acids and shows only modest similarity to the CysLTR1 gene in that its protein ... shares only 31% amino acid identity with the CysLTR1 protein.[9][10][11] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cysteinyl_leukotriene_receptor_2

Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... they metabolize gamma-Linolenic acid, which has one less double bond than arachidonic acid, to series 1 prostanoids (PGD1, PGE1 ... Prostanoid receptors bind and respond principally to metabolites of the straight chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), ... However, the same enzymes that metabolize arachidonic acid to series 2 prostanoids similarly metabolize two other straight ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostaglandin_receptor

Salicylic acid (salicylate). *Sodium salicylate. Acetic acid derivatives. and related substances. *Aceclofenac ... Tiaprofenic acid (tiaprofenate). *Vedaprofen; Anthranilic acids (fenamic acids): Etofenamic acid (etofenamate). *Floctafenic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COX_inhibitor

Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... composed of 472 amino acids. DP2, is related to members of the chemotactic factor class of GPCRs, sharing an amino acid ... DP2 has little or no such amino acid sequence relationship to the eight other Prostanoid receptors (see Eicosanoid receptor# ... Tiaprofenic acid (tiaprofenate). *Vedaprofen; Anthranilic acids (fenamic acids): Etofenamic acid (etofenamate). *Floctafenic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR44

Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... Z)-7-[(1R,2R,3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-[(E,3S)- 3-hydroxyoct-1-enyl]cyclopentyl]hept-5-enoic acid ... First, Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) facilitates the conversion of phospholipids to Arachidonic Acid, the framework from which all ... prostaglandins are formed.[8] The Arachidonic Acid then reacts with two Cyclooxygenase (COX) receptors, COX-1 and COX-2 to form ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostaglandin_F2alpha

... acid is inactivated by beta oxidation to 1,2-dinortafluprost acid, 1,2,3,4-tetranortafluprost acid, and its lactone ... Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... Tafluprost, as a lipophilic ester, easily penetrates the cornea and is then activated to the carboxylic acid, tafluprost acid. ... From left to right: tafluprost, tafluprost acid (the active metabolite), 1,2-dinortafluprost acid, 1,2,3,4-tetranortafluprost ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tafluprost

Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... Omega-3 fatty acids are metabolized to produce higher levels of TxA,3 which is relatively less potent than TxA2 and PGI3; ... Thromboxane-A synthase, an enzyme found in platelets, converts the arachidonic acid derivative prostaglandin H2 to thromboxane ... Tiaprofenic acid (tiaprofenate). *Vedaprofen; Anthranilic acids (fenamic acids): Etofenamic acid (etofenamate). *Floctafenic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thromboxane_inhibitors

Phenolic acids, Phenolic aldehydes Gallic, salicylic acids 8 C6-C2 1 Acetophenones, Tyrosine derivatives, Phenylacetic acids 3- ... Homogentisic acid 9 C6-C3 1 Hydroxycinnamic acids, Phenylpropenes, Coumarins, Isocoumarins, Chromones Caffeic, ferulic acids, ... p-coumaric and salicylic acid, cinnamic acid and hydroxybenzaldehydes such as p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde ... Phenolic acids can be found in mushroom basidiomycetes species.[46] For example, protocatechuic acid and pyrocatechol are found ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_phenol

Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... Tiaprofenic acid (tiaprofenate). *Vedaprofen; Anthranilic acids (fenamic acids): Etofenamic acid (etofenamate). *Floctafenic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenoprofen

Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... Z)-5-[(4R,5R)-5-Hydroxy-4-((S,E)-3-hydroxyoct-1-enyl)hexahydro-2H-cyclopenta[b]furan-2-ylidene]pentanoic acid ... PGI2 is derived from the ω-6 arachidonic acid. PGI3 is derived from the ω-3 EPA. ... These convert arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), the immediate precursor of prostacyclin. Since thromboxane (an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostacyclin

Salicylic acid Nonessential Vitamin U S-Methylmethionine Protein metabolite; synthesized in body ... pantothenic acid), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), vitamin B7 (biotin), vitamin B9 (folic acid or folate), vitamin B12 (cobalamins), ... Ascorbic acid Water 90 mg/75 mg Scurvy Stomach Pain, Diarrhoea and Flatulence.[19] Many fruits and vegetables, liver ... Pantothenic acid Water 5 mg/5 mg Paresthesia Diarrhea; possibly nausea and heartburn.[16] Meat, broccoli, avocados ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin

... , (RS)-2-(3-benzoylphenyl)-propionic acid (chemical formula C16H14O3) is one of the propionic acid class of ... Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... Ketoprofen undergoes metabolism in the liver via conjugation with glucuronic acid, CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 hydroxylation of the ... Tiaprofenic acid (tiaprofenate). *Vedaprofen; Anthranilic acids (fenamic acids): Etofenamic acid (etofenamate). *Floctafenic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketoprofen

Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... Prostaglandin E1 is biosynthesized on an as-needed basis from dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) in healthy humans ... 7-[(1R,3R)-3-hydroxy-2-[(1E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl]-5-oxocyclopentyl]heptanoic acid ... Tiaprofenic acid (tiaprofenate). *Vedaprofen; Anthranilic acids (fenamic acids): Etofenamic acid (etofenamate). *Floctafenic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alprostadil

Salicylic acids. *Antioxidants. Hidden categories: *Articles with short description. *Template:drugs.com link with non-standard ... Mesalazine, also known as mesalamine or 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), is an aminosalicylate anti-inflammatory drug[2] used to ... Tiaprofenic acid (tiaprofenate). *Vedaprofen; Anthranilic acids (fenamic acids): Etofenamic acid (etofenamate). *Floctafenic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentasa

Arachidonic acid can bind to E-cat and E-allo, but the affinity of AA for E-allo is 25 times that for Ecat. Palmitic acid, an ... Arachidonic acid bound to the PTGS2 (COX-2) enzyme. polar interactions between Archidonic Acid (cyan) and Ser-530 and Tyr-385 ... Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... While metabolizing arachidonic acid primarily to PGG2, COX-2 also converts this fatty acid to small amounts of a racemic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclooxygenase-2

Synthesis of a substance first discovered in a medicinal plant began with salicylic acid in 1853. Around the end of the 19th ... Hayat, S. & Ahmad, A. (2007). Salicylic Acid - A Plant Hormone. Springer Science and Business Media. ISBN 978-1-4020-5183-8. ... in the example of salicylic acid, as a hormone in plant defenses. These phytochemicals have potential for use as drugs, and the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicinal_plants

Staswick, Paul E.; Raskin, Ilya; Arteca, Richard N. (1995). "Jasmonates, Salicylic acid and Brassinosteroids". Plant Hormones. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/24-Epibrassinolide

"Effects of salicylic acid on the bioproductivity of plants." Salicylic acid: A Plant Hormone. Springer, Dordrecht, 2007. 15-23 ... At a molecular level when a cutting is first excised at the stem there is an immediate increase in jasmonic acid, known to be ... It was known as early as 1935 that when indolyl-3-acetic acid (IAA), also known as auxin, is applied to the stem of root ... Among the commonly used chemicals is indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) used as a powder, liquid solution, or gel. This compound is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutting_(plant)

... salicylic acid, a metabolite of aspirin; and several endogenous metabolites. The diversity is demonstrated by the wide range of ... van der Westhuizen FH, Pretorius PJ, Erasmus E (2000). "The utilization of alanine, glutamic acid, and serine as amino acid ... van der Westhuizen FH, Pretorius PJ, Erasmus E (2000). "The utilization of alanine, glutamic acid, and serine as amino acid ... These include benzoic acid, a compound found in fruits and vegetables and used in medicine and foodstuffs as a preservative; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GLYAT

Salicylic acid has a mild effect on seborrhoea. "Definition of anti-seborrheic". The Free Dictionary. Farlex. Retrieved 9 ... and salicylic acid are common anti-seborrheics. An ideal antiseborrheic should have the following qualities: It should be non- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-seborrheic

... , also known as 13-cis-retinoic acid and sold under the brand name Accutane among others, is a medication primarily ... 2Z,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid ... Jones H, Blanc D, Cunliffe WJ (November 1980). "13-cis retinoic acid and acne". Lancet. 2 (8203): 1048-9. doi:10.1016/S0140- ... Lambert RW, Smith RE (March 1989). "Effects of 13-cis-retinoic acid on the hamster meibomian gland". The Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotretinoin

Salicylic acid (salicylate). *Sodium salicylate. Acetic acid derivatives. and related substances. *Aceclofenac ... as all ingested SOD is broken down into amino acids before being absorbed. However, ingestion of SOD bound to wheat proteins ... and their active sites contain the same type and arrangement of amino acid side-chains. They are usually dimers, but ... superoxide inactivates the citric acid cycle enzyme aconitase, can poison energy metabolism, and releases potentially toxic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orgotein

... salicylic acid, aspirin, and later rubber processing chemicals. The site was later operated by Flexsys, a subsidiary of Solutia ... The company later expanded into the production of coal tar, and carbolic acid (phenol). The site soon became the world's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cefn_Mawr

Some cases of anemia, possibly related to folic acid deficiency, have been described.[18] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentamidine

... such as salicylic acid or jasmonic acid. Some of these travel through the plant and signal other cells to produce defensive ... Sweat, desquamation, flushing,[2] organic acids[2] Gastrointestinal tract. Peristalsis, gastric acid, bile acids, digestive ... Salicylic acid itself, although indispensable for expression of SAR, is not the translocated signal responsible for the ... "Nucleic Acids Research. 42 (16): 10618-31. doi:10.1093/nar/gku734. PMC 4176335. PMID 25120263.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system

Posalfilin is a drug containing podophyllin and salicylic acid that is used to treat the plantar wart. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podophyllum_peltatum

... ramiprilat and dose normalized salicylic acid. However, for simvastatin the point estimate of Cmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ for Ln- ... and folic acid. After further research showed no improvement in clinical outcomes for patients taking folic acid, it was ... transformed data were significantly lower (~25%) and for its active metabolite, simvastatin acid, it was significantly higher ... 60%). Thus, the increased bioavailability of active simvastatin acid compensated for the loss of bioavailability of simvastatin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycap

An alternative synthesis involves reacting 4-thiazolecarboxamide with o-phenylenediamine in polyphosphoric acid.[14] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiabendazole

... including mefenamic acid, tolfenamic acid, flufenamic acid, and meclofenamic acid. These drugs are commonly referred to as " ... "anthranilic acid derivatives" or "fenamates" because fenamic acid is a derivative of anthranilic acid.[2]:235[3]:17[2] ... Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... Fenamic acid is an organic compound, which, especially in its ester form, is called fenamate.[1]:458 serves as a parent ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenamic_acid

Valerian constituents (e.g., isovaleric acid, isovaleramide, valerenic acid, valerenol). *Unsorted benzodiazepine site positive ... Ethylene is biosynthesized from the amino acid methionine to S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM, also called Adomet) by the enzyme ... Ethylene appears to have been discovered by Johann Joachim Becher, who obtained it by heating ethanol with sulfuric acid;[48] ... The main method practiced since the mid-1990s is the direct hydration of ethylene catalyzed by solid acid catalysts:[14] ...

https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/اتیلن?match=en

... acetylsalicylic acid, ASA, or salicylic acid).[citation needed] ... particularly a fatty-acid oxidation disorder medium-chain acyl- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reye's_syndrome

Salicylic acid from hydrolysis of the compound is antimicrobial for toxogenic E. coli, an important pathogen in traveler's ... It reacts with nitric acid to make bismuth(III) nitrate. Bi + 6 HNO3 → 3 H2O + 3 NO2 + Bi(NO3)3. It also dissolves in ... Bismuth(III) chloride reacts with hydrogen chloride in ether solution to produce the acid HBiCl. 4.[30] ... Bismuth dissolves in concentrated sulfuric acid to make bismuth(III) sulfate and sulfur dioxide.[30] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth

... including azelaic acid,[26] kojic acid, retinoids, cysteamine,[27] topical steroids, glycolic acid, and other substances. ... Hydroquinone was first obtained in 1820 by the French chemists Pelletier and Caventou via the dry distillation of quinic acid.[ ... On pages 341-342, the preparation and properties of l'acide pyro-kinique (pyroquinic acid or hydroquinone) are discussed. ... Hydroquinone is sometimes combined with alpha hydroxy acids that exfoliate the skin to quicken the lightening process. In the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroquinone

... salicylic acid and its derivatives. ... In addition, it contains the drug phenolcarboxylic acids, such ... It grows in short grassland on farms and wasteland, chiefly on acid or neutral soils. It is usually found in partial shade. Its ... as coffee and coumaric acid, as well as flavonoids such as quercetin, luteolin and rutin. Various carotenoids have been ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heartsease

Salicylic acids: Aloxiprin. *Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). *Benorilate (benorylate). *Carbasalate calcium. *Diflusinal. * ... negative regulation of gastric acid secretion. • phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway. • ... "Functional interaction of the carboxylic acid group of agonists and the arginine residue of the seventh transmembrane domain ... Tiaprofenic acid (tiaprofenate). *Vedaprofen; Anthranilic acids (fenamic acids): Etofenamic acid (etofenamate). *Floctafenic ...

https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/പ്രോസ്റ്റാഗ്ലാൻഡിൻ_EP3_റിസപ്റ്റർ

Salicylic acid is treated with acetic anhydride, an acid derivative, causing a chemical reaction that turns salicylic acid's ... Salicylates are excreted mainly by the kidneys as salicyluric acid (75%), free salicylic acid (10%), salicylic phenol (10%), ... yielding salicylic and acetic acids.[129] Physical properties[edit]. Aspirin, an acetyl derivative of salicylic acid, is a ... Small amounts of salicylic acid are also hydroxylated to gentisic acid. With large salicylate doses, the kinetics switch from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylsalicylic_acid

For mild cases, over-the-counter wart medicines, such as salicylic acid may[21] shorten infection duration. Daily topical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molluscum_contagiosum

Myrtle's effects are due to high levels of salicylic acid, a compound related to aspirin and the basis of the modern class of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myrtus

132,0 132,1 Madan RK, Levitt J (April 2014)։ «A review of toxicity from topical salicylic acid preparations»։ Journal of the ... Tretinoin (retinoic acid) in acne»։ The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics 15 (1): 3։ January 1973։ PMID 4265099 ... Azelaic Acid Topical»։ National Institutes Of Health։ Արխիվացված օրիգինալից 13 September 2013-ին։ Վերցված է 9 September 2013 , ... Jones H, Blanc D, Cunliffe WJ (November 1980)։ «13-Cis Retinoic Acid and Acne»։ The Lancet 316 (8203): 1048-9։ PMID 6107678։ ...

https://hy.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ակնե

It does not induce antibiotic resistance.[15][16] It may be combined with salicylic acid, sulfur, erythromycin or clindamycin ( ... Combination products such as benzoyl peroxide/clindamycin and benzoyl peroxide/salicylic acid appear to be slightly more ... benzoyl peroxide with salicylic acid, and combination benzoyl peroxide/clindamycin in acne". Journal of the American Academy of ... Benzoyl peroxide breaks down in contact with skin, producing benzoic acid and oxygen, neither of which is very toxic.[28] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzoyl_peroxide

An example of electrophilic aromatic substitution is the nitration of salicylic acid:[5] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aromatic_chemical_compound

... illustrated reviews describing our knowledge on salicylic acid. The aim of this book is to tell about the salicylic acid ... Salicylic acid (SA) was first discovered as a major component in the bark extracts from Salix (willow) which was used as an ... The Interplay Between Salicylic and Jasmonic Acid During Phytopathogenesis Antonina V. Sorokan, Guzel F. Burkhanova, Igor V. ... Salicylic Acid: An Update on Biosynthesis and Action in Plant Response to Water Deficit and Performance Under Drought ...

https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-94-007-6428-6

Salicylic acid (from Latin salix, "willow tree") is a lipophilic monohydroxybenzoic acid, a type of phenolic acid, and a beta ... Salicylic Acid: a natural inducer of heat production in arum lilies. Science 237:1601-1602. Salicylic acid MS Spectrum Safety ... Salicylic acid occurs in plants as free salicylic acid and its carboxylated esters and phenolic glycosides. Several studies ... "Salicylic acid". Archived from the original on 2017-02-15. Retrieved 2014-08-17. Sigma-Aldrich Co., Salicylic acid. Retrieved ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salicylic_acid

Salicylic acid is considered an effective remover for the most common types of warts. Learn how to use salicylic acid at home ... Salicylic acid is not for these warts. You shouldnt use salicylic acid treatments for wart removal on the face. While you can ... What is salicylic acid used for?. Salicylic acid is a topical treatment thats commonly used to treat acne blemishes. It ... Salicylic acid side effects Body: While salicylic acid for warts is a generally mild treatment, it can cause some side effects ...

https://www.healthline.com/health/salicylic-acid-wart-removal

Shop Face Wash With Salicylic Acid and find the best fit for your beauty routine. Free shipping and samples available ... Face Wash With Salicylic Acid are available now at Sephora! ... Products related to Face Wash With Salicylic Acid. foams. " ... What Else You Need to Know: Smooth exfoliating beads lift away dead skin cells, while salicylic acid helps unclog pores and ... I love it so much...Gets the job done...Not only does it have salicylic acid which will help with acne, its also full of ...

https://www.sephora.com/buy/face-wash-with-salicylic-acid

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database ...

https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/inchi/InChI%3D1S/C9H9NO4/c1-5

ASPIRIN AND ACETO-SALICYLIC ACID: A CORRECTION Br Med J 1913; 2 :48 ... ASPIRIN AND ACETO-SALICYLIC ACID: A CORRECTION. Br Med J 1913; 2 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.2740.48-b (Published 05 ...

http://www.bmj.com/content/2/2740/48.3

Learn how to use salicylic acid for wart removal in this article. We also cover other treatment options. ... Salicylic acid is an effective and safe treatment for warts.. Studies have shown that salicylic acid is significantly more ... This may help make the salicylic acid treatment more effective.. If people find salicylic acid does not remove the wart over ... Research suggests that people use an over-the-counter (OTC) wart treatment containing 17 percent salicylic acid. Salicylic acid ...

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324732

Salicylic acid is both a caroxylic acid and a phenol. A carboxylic acid is an organic (carbon-containing) acid characterized by ... Also known as 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (one of several beta hydroxy acids), salicylic acid is the key additive in many skin-care ... Salicylic acid is a crystalline, solid (up to 159oC) organic acid that is used to make aspirin and various pharmaceutical ... One of the key uses of salicylic acid is for the production of aspirin. Aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid, is a drug often used ...

http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Salicylic_acid

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salicylate

... salicylic acid is used in some shampoos to treat dandruff.[medical citation needed] In modern medicine, salicylic acid and its ... sun protection is recommended when using salicylic acid on sun-exposed skin. No studies examine topical salicylic acid in ... It is also available mixed with coal tar, zinc oxide, or benzoic acid. Salicylic acid as a medication is used to help remove ... Salicylic acid is used as a medicine to help remove the outer layer of the skin. As such it is used to treat warts, calluses, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_uses_of_salicylic_acid

Read on to learn what salicylic acid is, how it works to treat acne, and whether it is safe and effective. ... Salicylic acid (SA) is a beta hydroxy acid that occurs naturally in plants such as willow bark. Salicylic acid has anti- ... Salicylic acid can be an effective ingredient in skin care products to help treat acne. Salicylic acid can help unclog blocked ... Salicylic acid may not be safe for everyone. Some examples are outlined below:. Pre-existing conditions. Salicylic acid ...

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/salicylic-acid-for-acne

Detailed drug Information for salicylic acid Topical. Includes common brand names, drug descriptions, warnings, side effects ... When using salicylic acid, do not use any of the following preparations on the same affected area as salicylic acid, unless ... Proper Use of salicylic acid. Use salicylic acid only as directed by your doctor. Do not use more of it, do not use it more ... Do not use salicylic acid on irritated skin or on any area that is infected or reddened. Also, do not use salicylic acid if you ...

https://www.drugs.com/cons/salicylic-acid-topical.html

QTH Salicylic Acid Acne Treatment Gel provides rapid relief to blemish and redness caused by acne. This product is meant for ... This is because Salicylic Acid, the key ingredient in this acne treatment gel, is a medical ingredient that can quickly ... The key ingredients in this product is a clinical blend of Salicylic Acid, which is extracted from the white willow. The QTH ... Want to improve your skin condition that is plagued by acnes, try QTH Salicylic Acid Acne treatment gel today. This product is ...

https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/qth-salicylic-acid-acne-treatment-gel-provides-relief-to-acne-problems-overnight-301254835.html

Skin Care , Cleansing , Facial Cleanser containing SALICYLIC ACID Showing 11 - 20 of 213 results See more: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ...

https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/browse.php?ingred06=705746&category=facial_cleanser&containing=705746&ingred06=705746&showmore=products&start=0%E2%88%A8der=webscore+DESC

Difference Between Salicylic Acid and Benzoyl Peroxide. Heres the Difference Between Salicylic Acid and Benzoyl Peroxide ... Salicylic acid. So whats the big whoop about salicylic acid? Essentially, it acts as a mild exfoliant, and retinoids will also ... pair well with salicylic acid products. "[Salicylic acid is] great for very mild acne," Bard said, recommending up to a two ... Two common ingredients come up in your searches: salicylic acid and benzoyl peroxide. ...

https://www.popsugar.com/beauty/Difference-Between-Salicylic-Acid-Benzoyl-Peroxide-44275557

Shop Omoroviczas Silver Skin Savior Salicylic/Glycolic Acid Treatment at Sephora. A targeted mask thats perfect for blemish- ... Salicylic Acid, Lactic Acid, Parfum (Fragrance), Colloidal Silver, Xanthan Gum, Behenyl Alcohol, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea ... Salicylic and glycolic acids unclog pores to reveal clearer, smoother, healthier skin. Clean at Sephora When you spot our Clean ... Salicylic Acid (BHA): Exfoliates the surface of the skin, leaving it smooth and soft, while supporting cell renewal and ...

https://www.sephora.com/ca/en/product/silver-skin-savior-salicylic-glycolic-acid-treatment-P438543?icid2=products%20grid:p438543

Considerations when choosing salicylic acid face washes. How salicylic acid works. Salicylic acid is a beta-hydroxy acid (BHA) ... Salicylic acid face wash FAQ. Q. Are salicylic acid face washes good for removing makeup?. A. Yes, as theyre effective at ... Salicylic acid face wash features Textured exfoliators. Salicylic acid face washes with textured exfoliators are in a league of ... Salicylic acid face wash price. Most drugstore salicylic acid face washes cost $15 or less. If you prefer a more specialized ...

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Salicylic acid was one of 17 chemicals tested in an examination of the LLNA assay for use in contact sensitization risk ... To evaluate the performance of this final MEST study design, a battery of 72 test materials among them was salicylic acid (for ... Salicylic acid did not induce sensitization in mice in the mouse Ear Swelling ... In a development and validation study of alternative dermal sensitization (Gad et al, 1986), salicylic acid were tested using ...

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What is Salicylic Acid?. Salicylic acid is a colorless crystalline acid derived from organic sources. This chemical has a ... Common Uses of Salicylic Acid. Salicylic acid acts as a plant hormone and was historically derived from the bark of the willow ... Storing & Disposing of Salicylic Acid. Store salicylic acid securely in an area away from sources of heat. Keep container ... Salicylic Acid Safety, Handling & First Aid. When handling salicylic acid in the workplace, we recommend that you wear suitable ...

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Salicylic acid is an ingredient used in chemical peels. These treatments, which are safest and most effective when done by a ... About Salicylic Acid. A derivative of aspirin, salicylic acid falls in the category of beta hydroxy acids, or BHAs. Salicylic ... Salicylic acid is used in a cosmetic treatment known as the lunchtime peel, so named because its designed for women on the ... Salicylic acid can penetrate the pores of the skin, which is why its often used in products that treat acne lesions, including ...

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2007 Salicylic acid inhibits pathogen growth in plants through repression of the auxin signaling pathway. Curr. Biol. 17: 1784- ... Genetic Dissection of Salicylic Acid-Mediated Defense Signaling Networks in Arabidopsis. Gina Ng, Savanna Seabolt, Chong Zhang ... 2004 Salicylic acid regulates flowering time and links defence responses and reproductive development. Plant J. 37: 209-217. ... Genetic Dissection of Salicylic Acid-Mediated Defense Signaling Networks in Arabidopsis. Gina Ng, Savanna Seabolt, Chong Zhang ...

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Salicylic acid is a keratolytic (peeling agent) that causes shedding of the outer layer of skin. Salicylic acid topical (for ... There are many brands and forms of salicylic acid available. Not all brands are listed on this leaflet. ... What are the possible side effects of salicylic acid topical?. Salicylic acid topical can cause a rare but serious allergic ... What is the most important information I should know about salicylic acid topical?. Salicylic acid topical can cause a rare but ...

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... Date: Fri Oct 22 15:58:37 1999. Posted By: Mike Crawford, ... Salicylic acid is usually used topically (externally) as is not used internally, as it will cause vomiting, abdominal pain, etc ... In case you are talking about acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), the LD50 in mice is 1-2 grams/kilogram. Be careful with any drug ... According to the Merck Index (an encyclopedia of drugs, chemicals, etc.) the dose of salicylic that kills 50% of mice (the ...

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When applied to the skin, salicylic acid works to break bonds inside the skin's pores that are holding dead skin cells to living ones. (healthline.com)
Salicylic acid helps clear blocked pores and reduces swelling and redness. (webmd.com)
Salicylic Acid: Exfoliates skin and cleanses pores, dead skin cells, and trapped oils. (sephora.com)
Salicylic acid works by causing the cells of the epidermis to slough off more readily, preventing pores from clogging up, and allowing room for new cell growth. (wikipedia.org)
This is because Salicylic Acid, the key ingredient in this acne treatment gel, is a medical ingredient that can quickly eliminate inflammation and it penetrates deeply into the skin layers to unclog pores and prevents new acne from occurring. (prnewswire.com)
The salicylic acid face wash is formulated to slough away dead skin and penetrate pores to keep acne-causing dirt and debris at bay. (wwlp.com)
Salicylic acid is a beta-hydroxy acid (BHA) whose compound is soluble enough to penetrate pores and remove impurities. (wwlp.com)
Salicylic acid works as a keratolytic, comedolytic and bacteriostatic agent, causing the cells of the epidermis to shed more readily, opening clogged pores and neutralizing bacteria within, preventing pores from clogging up again and allowing room for new cell growth. (wikipedia.org)
Salicylic acid can penetrate the pores of the skin, which is why it's often used in products that treat acne lesions, including whiteheads and blackheads. (livestrong.com)
It is classified as a Beta Hydroxy Acid (BHA) and in cosmetics it is used for its antiseptic properties, as well as a preservative and is great for helping cleaning out pores. (ageless.co.za)
Salicylic acid is able to penetrate the pores containing problem causing sebum and built-up cell waste . (ageless.co.za)
One of the biggest benefits of salicylic acid is its ability to de-clog pores, making light work of blackheads and blemishes over time. (marieclaire.co.uk)
Formulated with 0.53% Salicylic Acid and a unique Anti-Blemish Complex, comprised of Tea Tree Oil, Willow Bark Extract, calming Lavender and Chamomile, this moisturizing cream helps to remove dead skin, unclog pores, calm and reduce redness, for clearer, healthy-looking skin. (iherb.com)
The antimicrobial formula immediately begins to eliminate acne-causing bacteria, while salicylic acid penetrates pores to clear most acne blemishes. (ulta.com)
Our most potent tonic now with 2% salicylic acid to reduce the appearance of oil, large pores and deeply cleanse. (superdrug.com)
Salicylic Acid works as a bacteriostatic agent in skincare, causing the cells of the epidermis to shed more readily, opening clogged pores and clearing the bacteria within. (mankind.co.uk)
Despite being brilliant for unclogging pores, you may want to be careful of overusing Salicylic Acid if your skin tends to be dry, as with overuse you will find yourself developing drier patches on your complexion. (mankind.co.uk)
A must-have for those with acne-prone skin, COSRX Salicylic Acid Daily Gentle Cleanser is a refreshing, non-stripping formula to effectively cleanse skin, remove trapped residues, unclog pores and minimize excess oils. (forret.com)
Salicylic Acid Daily Gentle Cleanser (150ml) Salicylic Acid Exfoliating Cleanser is a foam cleanser containing botanical ingredients and salicylic acid, helping remove old dead skin cell, sebum, blackheads from the pores when you wash your face. (forret.com)
As one of the best ingredients for keeping acne under control, it makes sense that salicylic acid would be a key ingredient in decongesting blocked pores and clearing blackheads (read more about how the ingredient works here ). (beautyheaven.com.au)
Utilising a blend of white clay and salicylic acid, this mask is super effective in deeply cleansing and reducing the appearance of pores. (beautyheaven.com.au)
Salicylic acid helps unclog your pores. (megahowto.com)
Salicylic acid enters your pores and effectively gets rid of clogging residues that cause acne. (megahowto.com)
Each of these two wonder ingredients have a key super power: Salicylic acid removes dead skin cells that are clogging pores. (teenvogue.com)
Salicylic acid is a type of beta-hydroxy acid (BHA) that can help treat acne by exfoliating the skin and helping to dislodge dead skin cells that can clog pores. (teenvogue.com)
Salicylic acid works by dissolving this cement that holds those sticky cells together in the clogged pores,' explains Dr. Bowe. (teenvogue.com)
This structure is important because it makes salicylic acid more oil-soluble so it can penetrate into the pores of the skin,' Schueller says. (allure.com)
Salicylic acid works deeper [and is] able to penetrate into the pores to unclog them. (allure.com)
Once it penetrates the skin, salicylic acid 'dissolves skin debris that clogs pores, [acts] as an anti-inflammatory and also helps red inflamed pimples and pustules go away faster,' explains Naissan O. Wesley , a board-certified dermatologist in Los Angeles. (allure.com)
Salicylic acid helps with the first cause by dissolving the type of skin debris that clogs pores and causes acne,' he says. (allure.com)
Glycolic acid toner to help get rid of clogged pores and remove surface dead skin cells with lipo-hydroxy acid. (skinceuticals.com)
Which is why salicylic acid's ability to deeply penetrate pores and break down build-up can make such a huge difference to spots. (glamourmagazine.co.uk)
Alongside the work it does inside pores, salicylic acid also gently exfoliates the surface of the skin to lift away the grime and dead cells that block pores in the first place. (glamourmagazine.co.uk)
Clearing away the dead and dry skin on the surface allows Salicylic Acid to operate more effectively in clearing clogged pores, keeping oil at bay and preventing blemishes," confirms Dr Murad. (glamourmagazine.co.uk)
Salicylic acid is more effective than benzoyl peroxide in clearing the pores. (healthtap.com)
purifying salicylic acid to clean pores and benzoyl peroxide to kill bacteria. (healthtap.com)
The acid reaches deep into the pores so that the blemishes slowly diminish. (arganoilshop.com)
Salicylic Acid helps prevent clogged pores by gently exfoliating oily residues and dead skin cells from the surface. (menscience.com)

The pain-relieving effect of salicylic acid, now sold as Aspirin, has been known for thousands of years. (innovations-report.com)
Salicylic acid is a crystalline, solid (up to 159 o C) organic acid that is used to make aspirin and various pharmaceutical products. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
To produce aspirin, salicylic acid is then acetylated using acetic anhydride, yielding aspirin and acetic acid as a byproduct. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
One of the key uses of salicylic acid is for the production of aspirin . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid, is a drug often used as an analgesic (against minor pains and aches), antipyretic (against fever ), and anti-inflammatory (against localized redness, swelling, heat, and pain). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
In addition to serving as an important active metabolite of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), which acts in part as a prodrug to salicylic acid, it is probably best known for its use as a key ingredient in topical antiacne products. (wikipedia.org)
Salicylic acid was one of the original starting materials for making acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) in 1897. (wikipedia.org)
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid or ASA) can be prepared by the esterification of the phenolic hydroxyl group of salicylic acid with the acetyl group from acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride. (wikipedia.org)
Acidification of the product with sulfuric acid gives salicylic acid: It can also be prepared by the hydrolysis of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) or methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen) with a strong acid or base. (wikipedia.org)
The risks of aspirin late in pregnancy are probably not relevant for a topical exposure to salicylic acid, even late in the pregnancy, because of its low systemic levels. (wikipedia.org)
As a component of aspirin, salicylic acid is a known fever and pain reliever and is used in anti-inflammatory medicines. (msdsonline.com)
A derivative of aspirin, salicylic acid falls in the category of beta hydroxy acids, or BHAs. (livestrong.com)
Salicylic acid has the same active ingredient (acetyl salicylic acid) as aspirin and is extracted from the willow tree bark. (ageless.co.za)
In case you are talking about acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), the LD50 in mice is 1-2 grams/kilogram. (madsci.org)
The major hydrolysis product of aspirin is salicylic acid, which can form coloured complex with neutral FeCl3. (essaywriter.co.uk)
First marketed under the trademark Aspirin ® in 1899,acetylsalicylic acid quickly attained a worldwide reputation as anon-prescription pain relief drug. (essaywriter.co.uk)
Salicylic acid and acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) disposition after an oral dose of aspirin, 900 mg (equivalent to 689.7 mg of salicylic acid) was studied in eight males, eight females and eight females receiving oral contraceptive steroids (OCS). (nih.gov)
These data confirm the importance of hormonal factors in the regulation of drug conjugation reactions in humans and suggest that sex-related differences in salicylic acid and aspirin disposition may be of clinical importance. (nih.gov)
In addition, differences in acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) disposition were studied in these 3 groups of subjects. (nih.gov)
Chemically, Salicylic Acid is similar to the common pain killer aspirin, and both are praised for their abilities to ease inflammation and redness. (mankind.co.uk)
Aspirin (Acetyl Salicylic Acid) is a cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor and an antiplatelet agent, widely used for the secondary preventions of heart attack and stroke. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Aspirin (Acetyl Salicylic Acid) may be used as a pharmaceutical reference standard for the quantification of the analyte in pharmaceutical formulations using spectrophotometric technique and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography technique. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Sinha, "The role of leucocytes in the acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin) induced nitric oxide synthesis in the production of interferon-a, a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation and a thrombolytic agent," Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis, vol. (thefreedictionary.com)
Patients that are allergic to aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) must not be exposed to any products that contain Salicylic Acid. (dermaceutic.com)
Our company wholesale selling Aspirin, Salicylic Acid, Technical Grade, Sublimated Grade, Medical Grade, we have a whole set of quality management system. (steunmijnclub.nl)
Nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), for example, salicylic acid, aspirin, provided analgesic effects in various types of pain. (hindawi.com)
Consumption of aspirin is increasing in emerging economies of Asia Pacific, which has resulted in growth of salicylic acid market at an annual growth rate of 8% in the recent past. (coherentmarketinsights.com)
Salicylic acid is a widely used commercial chemical and forms an important component of aspirin. (coherentmarketinsights.com)
Apart from its use in aspirin, salicylic acid is also used as a key additive in variety of pharmaceutical products such as drugs, lotions, and ointments. (coherentmarketinsights.com)

It belongs to the family of chemicals known as beta hydroxy acids. (healthline.com)
Also known as 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (one of several beta hydroxy acids), salicylic acid is the key additive in many skin-care products for the treatment of acne , psoriasis, calluses, corns, and keratosis pilaris. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Unlike AHAs (alpha-hydroxy acids like glycolic acid ), BHAs or beta-hydroxy acids like salicylic acid are oil-soluble,' Mark explains. (marieclaire.co.uk)
When it comes to skin-care products, there are two classes of acids you'll see often: beta hydroxy acids (BHAs) and alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs). (allure.com)
Both alpha and beta hydroxy acids exfoliate the skin, but AHAs are water-soluble, while BHAs are oil-soluble, explains New York City-based board-certified dermatologist Sejal Shah . (allure.com)
There are two classes of Hydroxy Acids: you've got your Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHAs) and your Beta Hydroxy Acids (BHAs). (mamamia.com.au)
The structure of salicylic acid is what makes it so hard-working as it's more oil-soluble than most other Beta Hydroxy Acids. (glamourmagazine.co.uk)

Poor or unregulated synthesis of acetyl salicylic acid can result in contamination with significant amounts of unreacted salicylic acid, which can have adverse health effects. (essaywriter.co.uk)
Acetyl salicylic acid and salicylic acid both contain phenol groups, but that in acetyl salicylic acid is bonded to an acetyl group, reducing its co-ordination capacity. (essaywriter.co.uk)
Thus while both compounds will form a coloured complex with Fe +3 , acetyl salicylic acid forms avery slightly yellow-orange coloured complex, but salicylic acidforms a highly coloured deep purple complex. (essaywriter.co.uk)
the complex between acetyl salicylic acid ligands and Fe +3 results in crystal field splitting with an energy difference corresponding to light which appears yellowish. (essaywriter.co.uk)
Cardioprotective agent use such as acetyl salicylic acid , beta-blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers before hospitalization and clopidogrel use after hospitalization was lower in non-statin group, while thrombolytic use was lower and ejection fraction was higher in statin group. (thefreedictionary.com)
Patient was discharged on the 6th day with the same doses of metoprolol, acetyl salicylic acid , and clopidogrel. (thefreedictionary.com)
The another group of rats was administered with acetyl salicylic acid (5, 10, 20 mg/kg body wt. (thefreedictionary.com)

Doctors call salicylic acid a "keratolytic" medication because it has exfoliating properties. (healthline.com)
Salicylic acid is a keratolytic. (medhelp.org)
Salicylic acid is type of medicine called a keratolytic. (netdoctor.co.uk)
medication is generally attributed to the keratolytic activity of salicylic acid which is incorporated into a film-forming vehicle designed to cover the wart without the need for a bandage. (bioportfolio.com)
Although the exact mode of action of salicylic acid in the treatment of warts is not known, its activity appears to be associated with its keratolytic action which results in mechanical removal of epidermal cells infected with wart viruses. (bioportfolio.com)
Topical salicylic acid is a common and well-established agent with known keratolytic properties used in the treatment of acne vulgaris. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Salicylic acid is a keratolytic (peeling agent) that causes shedding of the outer layer of skin. (unchealthcare.org)
Salicylic acid is considered a keratolytic medication, which means that it's perfect for supreme exfoliation. (allure.com)
At the correct percentages and pH, Salicylic Acid has a lipophilic and keratolytic action on the skin, making it a key ingredient to treat acne and oily prone skins. (dermaceutic.com)
They work by different mechanisms one is keratolytic and peels salicylic acid and the other kills bacteria . (healthtap.com)
Salicylic acid acts like a keratolytic process on the skin. (arganoilshop.com)

With clinically proven 90% effectiveness, this salicylic- acid enriched gel cleanser cleanses deep into the skin killing all dirt, excess oils and bacteria to protect and clear it from breakouts, blemishes, pimples, and acne. (infoaging.org)
Murad Acne Clarifying Cleanser is dermatologist tested and developed with 1.5% salicylic acid content, which is a reliable component, used by many beauty and skincare products to combat acne and prevent potential breakouts, thus maintaining your smooth, soft, and radiant complexion. (infoaging.org)
Phisoderm Anti-blemish Cleanser contains 2% salicylic treatment, which helps cleanse and clears the skin from breakouts and acne to achieve a smooth and soft skin. (infoaging.org)
Our salicylic acid cleanser can be used morning and night to wash the day away, and our BHA serum can be used as a leave on product to ensure a more lasting effect, either morning or night. (marieclaire.co.uk)
I purchased the COSRX Salicylic Acid Exfoliating Cleanser together with two other products from Wishtrend and it arrived just 9 days after i placed my order. (forret.com)
Read the New COSRX Salicylic Acid Daily Gentle Cleanser 2017 Version review. (forret.com)
This item: [Cosrx] Salicylic Acid Daily Gentle Cleanser 150milliliter / Foam Cleanser for Blemish Skin $12.61 ($2.47 / 1 Fl Oz) In Stock. (forret.com)
COSRX Salicylic Acid Daily Gentle Cleanser * This product is for retail sales only, import in bulk and distribution of this product in the United States is prohibited. (forret.com)
This COSRX Salicylic Acid Daily Gentle Cleanser is the perfect cleanser for acne prone skin. (forret.com)
This Cosrx Salicylic Acid Daily Gentle Cleanser is exactly what it says it is, it's gentle enough for daily cleansing. (forret.com)
Cosrx Salicylic Acid Daily Gentle Cleanser 150ml Features. (forret.com)
COSRX Salicylic Acid Daily Gentle Cleanser More specifically, the Cosrx Low pH Good Morning Gel Cleanser scent is distinct, strong and resembles rubber. (forret.com)
COSRX Salicylic Acid Daily Gentle Cleanser - "Non-drying daily cleanser polishes with Salicylic Acid. (forret.com)
Expiry Period: Cosrx salicylic acid daily gentle cleanser has an expiry period of 3 years. (forret.com)
2018 Kbeauty Best Selling Skincare - A review of COSRX Salicylic Acid Daily Gentle Cleanser. (forret.com)
Cosrx salicylic acid daily gentle cleanser comes in a giant squeezable tube with flip on cap. (forret.com)
Home › COSRX › Salicylic Acid Daily Gentle Cleanser (150ml) COSRX COS-CLE-SALI-150ml Salicylic Acid Daily Gentle Cleanser (150ml) Sale price RM48.00 Regular price RM36.00 Unit price / per. (forret.com)
Besides the foam cleanser, i also got me a AHA/BHA toner and a spot treatment product) The COSRX Salicylic Acid Daily Gentle Cleanser is a must have for acne prone skin. (forret.com)
I decided to test out this chemically exfoliating salicylic acid cleanser for troubled skin. (forret.com)
This maximum strength, acne-fighting cleanser, featuring a clarifying 2% salicylic acid solution, works rapidly to help treat and prevent breakouts. (naturopathica.com)
Confusingly, you'll also find these acids in many different steps along the way, like cleanser, toner, serum and moisturiser. (mamamia.com.au)

This effect on skin cells also makes salicylic acid an active ingredient in several shampoos meant to treat dandruff. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Salicylic acid is also used as an active ingredient in gels that remove verrucas (plantar warts). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Salicylic acid is a common ingredient in skin care products used to treat acne. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Salicylic acid is an ingredient used in chemical peels. (livestrong.com)
The correct classification of this ingredient would be that of a beta hydroxy acid. (ageless.co.za)
In our last Ingredient Focus we took a look a Glycolic Acid, which we found wasn't quite as scary as it sounded. (mankind.co.uk)
Salicylic Acid has a different purpose within skincare though, which we will now tell you more about in our latest ingredient focus here on the Mankind blog! (mankind.co.uk)
Used as a key ingredient within skincare for spot and acne prone skin, due to its anti-inflammatory and soothing effects, you will find Salicylic acid helps to clear up wanted blemishes and maintain a clear complexion. (mankind.co.uk)
Read on to learn more about each ingredient and figure out which is right for your unique skin when it comes to benzoyl peroxide vs. salicylic acid. (teenvogue.com)
This quality is precisely what makes salicylic acid such a potent ingredient for targeting acne - especially for blackheads and whiteheads. (allure.com)
Derived mostly from milk, lactic acid is a great anti-ageing ingredient but is also good for acne. (mamamia.com.au)
Salicylic Acid 5% in Aqueous Cream (David Craig) is a medicine containing the active ingredient(s) salicylic acid + aqueous cream. (healthdirect.gov.au)
Salicylic acid is a multifunctional ingredient that has pain relieving and anti-inflammatory properties. (coherentmarketinsights.com)
Salicylic acid is an active ingredient in some nonprescription acne treatments. (genesishcs.org)
What are the various kinds of products that use salicylic acid as a main ingredient? (arganoilshop.com)
Why is Salicylic Acid an effective ingredient in acne treatment? (menscience.com)

High-end formulas from top beauty brands, many of which include alpha-hydroxy acids, can cost between $30-$100. (wwlp.com)
In addition, salicylic acid - because it is a BHA - has the ability to penetrate into the pore (whereas Alpha Hydroxy Acids do not), and can therefore exfoliate and clean inside the pore as well , making it effective for reducing blemishes , including blackheads and whiteheads . (ageless.co.za)
Although its cousins - alpha hydroxy acids - are more well known, the real difference between the two is solubility . (ageless.co.za)
Alpha hydroxy acids are water soluble and include fruit acids and milk acid while salicylic acid is lipid soluble - meaning soluble in an oil/lipid environment. (ageless.co.za)
Like alpha hydroxy acids, Salicylic Acid has a chemical exfoliating action on the skin - therefore correcting the abnormal keratinization that contributes to all stages of acne . (dermaceutic.com)

Double combination of salicylic acid and tea tree oil ups the cleansing and exfoliating power of this facial wash to combat blemishes, remove excess oil and gently buff away dead skin cells, blackheads, whiteheads and other impurities. (yesstyle.com)
Paula's choice offers some of the best acid products on the market, and this salicylic solution takes no prisoners when it comes to acne, blemishes and blackheads. (marieclaire.co.uk)
Here are our top 4 products for salicylic acid blackheads , based on Adore Beauty customer ratings and staff picks. (adorebeauty.com.au)
It is formulated with skin purifying botanical ingredients and salicylic acid to help remove dead skin cells, oil, blackheads and whiteheads, while providing moisture to the skin. (forret.com)
A quick drying facial oil, with 1.5% salicylic acid, this product is perfect for dissolving blackheads from the inside out. (beautyheaven.com.au)
Salicylic acid can also be effectively used for whiteheads and blackheads. (megahowto.com)
It is advisable to use at least a 2% concentration of salicylic acid for mild to moderate cases and to continuously keep your face free from pimples, acne, whiteheads or blackheads. (megahowto.com)
Salicylic acid aids in removing and loosening these skin cells and helps to dissolve the blackheads . (allure.com)
Clinically proven Micro-Clear technology helps boost the delivery of salicylic acid acne medicine to help clear up acne and blackheads, and even helps prevent future breakouts. (steunmijnclub.nl)
Topical benzoyl peroxide 5% or 10% as tolerated is your best bet unless you have a lot of blackheads, in which case a retinoic acid derivative may be best. (healthtap.com)
Blackheads, whiteheads and other blemishes become targets for the acid. (arganoilshop.com)
Convenient acne treatment pads formulated with prescription-grade, maximum strength salicylic acid to completely clear and prevent breakouts and blackheads. (menscience.com)
Formulated with prescription-grade, maximum strength 2% concentration of Salicylic Acid, these pads fight acne on face, neck, chest, shoulders and back, and help prevent breakouts and blackheads. (menscience.com)

Medicated cleansers contain acne-fighting ingredients like salicylic acid , sodium sulfacetamide, or benzoyl peroxide , which can help clear up skin while cleaning it. (webmd.com)
The key ingredients in this product is a clinical blend of Salicylic Acid, which is extracted from the white willow. (prnewswire.com)
The QTH team of specialists discovered that the right percentage of the Salicylic Acid used as one of the key ingredients is the key to a faster rate of relief and recovery. (prnewswire.com)
Salicylic Acid 6% should not be used in any patient known to be sensitive to salicylic acid or any other listed ingredients. (nih.gov)
Two common ingredients come up in your searches: salicylic acid and benzoyl peroxide. (popsugar.com)
Diprosalic ointment contains two active ingredients, betamethasone dipropionate and salicylic acid. (netdoctor.co.uk)
Aside from salicylic acid, it is also combined with different ingredients and elements to enhance the efficacy and easily achieve best results. (infoaging.org)
Salicylic Acid is one of the common ingredients that is used to soothe and treat skin from several skin conditions and at the same time prevents and cures breakouts, blemishes, and acne. (infoaging.org)
Two specific ingredients, however, stand above the rest: benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid. (teenvogue.com)
Furthermore, salicylic acid is actually derived from willow bark, says cosmetic chemist Ron Robinson, and it belongs to a class of ingredients called salicylates. (allure.com)

Salicylic Acid 2%: Over-the-counter level visibly clears blemishes and helps prevent future breakouts. (sephora.com)
Salicylic acid also decreases the skin's sebum production, leading to fewer breakouts. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In some cases, salicylic acid may either help dramatically or aggravate breakouts to the point of redness, swelling, or burning sensations. (wwlp.com)
Another positive property of salicylic acid is that it helps with the treatment of breakouts because of its anti-microbial properties . (ageless.co.za)
Adding this salicylic acid face wash to your daily routine can help tremendously in making your complexion clean, clear and radiant, especially to those who are struggling with frequent and occasional breakouts, blemishes and acne that makes skin very dull and dry. (infoaging.org)
This powerful tonic contains 2% spot fighting salicylic acid, sebum reducing lotus flower and hydration hero hyaluronic acid to prevent breakouts without stripping the skin. (superdrug.com)
Formulated with a mineral clay that heats up upon contact with water, and salicylic acid, this gentle formula fights current breakouts and prevents new ones from forming. (beautyheaven.com.au)
In the over-the-counter battle against breakouts, there are a few key players you should know about, and salicylic acid is at the top of that list. (allure.com)
To find out, we consulted dermatologists to help break down exactly how salicylic acid works on the skin, who should (and shouldn't) use it, and why it's such a popular choice for staving off breakouts. (allure.com)
Originating from the bark of a tree, Salicylic is the go-to acid to treat acne and breakouts. (mamamia.com.au)
Because salicylic acid helps the skin with dead-cell removal, acne breakouts are effectively minimized. (arganoilshop.com)

Salicylic acid degrades to phenol and carbon dioxide at 200-230 °C: C6H4OH(CO2H) → C6H5OH + CO2 Hippocrates, Galen, Pliny the Elder, and others knew that willow bark could ease pain and reduce fevers. (wikipedia.org)
Salicylic acid (SA) is a beta hydroxy acid that occurs naturally in plants such as willow bark. (medicalnewstoday.com)
It occurs naturally in many plants, but can also be made synthetically, but using the naturally occurring salicylic acid from willow bark does not carry the same negative properties found in those made synthetically. (ageless.co.za)
A lightweight cleansing gel formulated with Jeju Bija Seed Oil and Salicylic Acid from Willow Bark Extract removes makeup, sunscreen and impurities while providing light exfoliation. (adorebeauty.com.au)
Salicylic Acid, known as a beta-hydroxy acid, is an organic compound derived from Willow Bark. (dermaceutic.com)
Further, willow bark has been shown to accelerate cell renewal more effectively than free salicylic acid, while Aspen bark works as a preservative, inhibiting the growth of molds, yeast and a wide array of bacteria. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
Derived from willow bark, salicylic acid is a Beta Hydroxy Acid (BHA) that has powerful 'acne-fighting' properties and is excellent at treating oily , and blemished skin. (glamourmagazine.co.uk)

Salicylic acid is a topical treatment that's commonly used to treat acne blemishes. (healthline.com)
Salicylic acid has multifunctional properties to help with a variety of skin problems , including acne, pimples and blemishes. (ageless.co.za)
Clear Days Ahead Fast-Acting Salicylic Acid Acne Spot Treatment helps rapidly clear and soothe the discomfort of bothersome blemishes for clearer skin. (ulta.com)
Add to that the exfoliating effects of Salicylic Acid, and our serum is ready to fight blemishes and improve acne prone skin. (amazon.com)
Often the inflammation around a lesion will result in PIH, (post inflammatory hyperpigmentation) - Salicylic Acid will treat the inflammation, reducing the likelihood of PIH and the exfoliation action will effectively remove any skin blemishes. (dermaceutic.com)
We asked dermatologist and Murad skincare founder, Dr Howard Murad, and Lucy Hilson, the founder of SKN REHAB , to break down exactly what salicylic is and how it gets to work on blitzing blemishes. (glamourmagazine.co.uk)
Salicylic acid is a peeling agent used for acne and other blemishes. (arganoilshop.com)
Salicylic acid can absorb deeply into the skin where it might work wonders on acne and other blemishes. (arganoilshop.com)
With regular use, salicylic acid encourages the skin to have a healthy glow without those blemishes gaining any ground. (arganoilshop.com)
Keep reading to see if some of the most common blemishes are targeted by salicylic acid. (arganoilshop.com)
Depending on the skin's blemishes, salicylic acid works in a variety of different ways. (arganoilshop.com)

Can salicylic acid remove warts? (healthline.com)
One over-the-counter treatment that can remove warts is salicylic acid. (healthline.com)
Salicylic acid works to remove warts by exfoliating the skin cells until the wart is gone. (healthline.com)
Most drugstores sell salicylic acid over-the-counter to help remove warts. (healthline.com)
However, some companies sell 40 percent salicylic acid treatments for foot and plantar warts. (healthline.com)
Salicylic acid side effects Body: While salicylic acid for warts is a generally mild treatment, it can cause some side effects. (healthline.com)
If people want to remove bothersome warts, such as those on the hands or feet, salicylic acid is often an effective treatment option. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Studies have shown that salicylic acid is significantly more effective than a placebo in treating warts. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Salicylic acid is an affordable, accessible, and safe treatment option for getting rid of warts and has very few side effects. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Salicylic acid treatments for warts also come as bandages. (medicalnewstoday.com)
We list other treatment options below that can help remove warts if salicylic acid is not sufficient. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Salicylic acid topical is used to treat many skin disorders, such as acne, dandruff, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis of the skin and scalp, calluses, corns, common warts, and plantar warts, depending on the dosage form and strength of the preparation. (drugs.com)
One of salicylic acid's most common applications is its use in skin care products for treating acne, dermatitis, psoriasis, warts and other conditions. (msdsonline.com)
Salicylic Acid, 27.5% Wart Remover is indicated for the topical treatment and removal of common warts and plantar warts. (bioportfolio.com)
Salicylic Acid, 27.5% Wart Remover should not be used on moles, birthmarks, unusual warts with hair growing from them or warts on the face. (bioportfolio.com)
Your health care provider has prescribed Salicylic Acid, 27.5% Wart Remover, a topical prescription preparation for the treatment of common and plantar warts. (bioportfolio.com)
The study looked at 268 participants ages 10 to 60 who received salicylic peels for various facial conditions such as melasma, acne, post-inflammatory scarring and warts. (livestrong.com)
Salicylic acid can treat dandruff, warts and acne. (megahowto.com)

A simple but effective method of detection for free salicylic acid is based on the differing co-ordinating capacity of salicylic compounds with the trivalent iron cation, Fe +3 . (essaywriter.co.uk)
The amount of the sustained release salicylic acid composition typically ranges from 0.10-12.00% w/w, which provides 0.05-6.00% w/w free salicylic acid. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)

A common brand name is Compound W. These products usually contain about 17 percent salicylic acid. (healthline.com)
An effective blemish wash with maximum-strength two percent salicylic acid that targets the breakout cycle while removing excess oil and makeup. (sephora.com)
Research suggests that people use an over-the-counter (OTC) wart treatment containing 17 percent salicylic acid . (medicalnewstoday.com)

A mixture of Lactic Acid and Salicylic Acids produces botanical vine like crystalline formations. (sciencephoto.com)
This gently exfoliating toner is packed with Salicylic Acid (Exfoliant), Lactic Acid (Exfoliant), Aloe (Healing), Tea Tree Oil (Antimicrobial), Honey (Healing) and Silk (Moisture). (beautybridge.com)

Salicylic acid (SA) was first discovered as a major component in the bark extracts from Salix (willow) which was used as an anti-inflammatory drug. (springer.com)
Salicylic acid has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties , and also works as an exfoliant to remove dead skin cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Salicylic acid is an exfoliant and has anti-irritant/anti-inflammatory properties, according to Paula's Choice -- the 'Cosmetics Cop' website. (livestrong.com)
Salicylic acid is an excellent exfoliant and at the same time has good anti-irritant as well as anti-inflammatory qualities . (ageless.co.za)
But salicylic acid is a great anti-inflammatory agent and blemish treatment - which is why you'll find it in many of the best spot treatments and skincare products for oily skin. (marieclaire.co.uk)
Alongside this, salicylic acid is also able to calm our skin, as it kick-starts cells to produce anti-inflammatory products at the same time. (marieclaire.co.uk)
Lastly, salicylic acid is anti-inflammatory, which means it can calm red, inflamed and 'angry' skin. (glamourmagazine.co.uk)
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) including diclofenac (DCF) and salicylic acid (SA), are among the most frequently prescribed drugs in the world, being consequently commonly found in the aquatic environment. (csic.es)

Salicylic acid works as an exfoliant to slough off dead skin cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Essentially, it acts as a mild exfoliant, and retinoids will also pair well with salicylic acid products. (popsugar.com)
When looking for a chemical exfoliant you'll often see products formulated with combinations of the above acids. (mamamia.com.au)

One way to keep your complexion looking its best is to incorporate salicylic acid face wash into your skincare routine. (wwlp.com)
The use of salicylic acid in many skincare and beauty products is pretty common because of its clinically proven effectiveness and reliability in improving your skin's complexion. (infoaging.org)
But chemical exfoliants, like salycilic acid, have a whole host of skincare benefits. (marieclaire.co.uk)
What Does Salicylic Acid in Skincare Do? (mankind.co.uk)
3 acid skincare products you need. (mamamia.com.au)
Growing consumer awareness about the health benefits of salicylic acid-based skincare and hair care products is a major factor fueling growth of the global salicylic market. (coherentmarketinsights.com)

The important role of salicylic acid for plants in their battle against disease make these findings of fundamental importance for research areas such as plant immunity and therefore also food production. (innovations-report.com)
Examines the role of salicylic acid (SA) in regulating cell death and defense-related response using the accelerated cell death 5 genetic mutant in Arabidopsis. (ebscohost.com)
Evidence for a role of salicylic acid in the oxidative damage generated by NaCl and osmotic stress in Arabidopsis seedlings. (springer.com)

About 17 to 27% salicylic acid used in the form of a paint, and 20 to 50% in plaster form, which are sold for wart and corn removal should not be applied to the face and should not be used for acne treatment. (wikipedia.org)
QTH Salicylic Acid Acne Treatment Gel provides rapid relief to blemish and redness caused by acne. (prnewswire.com)
Want to improve your skin condition that is plagued by acnes, try QTH Salicylic Acid Acne treatment gel today. (prnewswire.com)
Kate Somerville EradiKate Salicylic Acid Acne Treatment (1 oz. (dermstore.com)
EradiKate® Salicylic Acid Acne Treatment from Kate Somerville is an all-over, 2% salicylic acid night-time acne treatment lotion. (dermstore.com)
Salicylic acid is dermatologists' answer to these stubborn zits, as it contains soothing properties, thus no wonder it is included in many acne- treatment skin care products. (infoaging.org)
There are many over-the-counter acne treatment products that contain salicylic acid. (megahowto.com)
The acne treatment powder described uses a proprietary extended-release salicylic acid delivery system. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)

The active extract of the bark, called salicin , was isolated to its crystalline form in 1828 by Henri Leroux, a French pharmacist, and Raffaele Piria, an Italian chemist, who then succeeded in separating out the acid in its pure state. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
This colorless crystalline organic acid is widely used in organic synthesis, and functions as a plant hormone. (wikipedia.org)
Salicylic acid is a colorless crystalline acid derived from organic sources. (msdsonline.com)
Na 2 EDTA (C 10 H 14 N 2 Na 2 O 8 , MW 336.21, edetic acid disodium, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate) occurs as an odorless, white, crystalline powder with a slightly acidic taste. (uspharmacist.com)
The present invention relates to a process for purifying 5-(2',4'-difluorophenyl)-salicylic acid and, more particularly, it relates to a crystallization process for the preparation of 5-(2',4'-difluorophenyl)-salicylic acid in a substantially pure crystalline form. (freepatentsonline.com)
Salicylic acid is an organic white crystalline solid which is highly soluble in water. (coherentmarketinsights.com)

Sephora customers often prefer the following products when searching for Face Wash With Salicylic Acid. (sephora.com)
Browse the top-ranked list of Face Wash With Salicylic Acid below along with associated reviews and opinions. (sephora.com)

Is it safe to use both benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid for acne? (healthtap.com)

People should not use salicylic acid products on sensitive areas, such as the face and genitals. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Salicylic acid products may not be safe for people who have a kidney or liver condition. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Certain acne products that contain benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid can rarely cause very bad and sometimes life-threatening allergic reactions or very bad irritation. (drugs.com)
medical citation needed] In modern medicine, salicylic acid and its derivatives are constituents of some "skin-reddening" products. (wikipedia.org)
Salicylic acid is typically found at concentrations of 2-3 percent in household products. (msdsonline.com)
While the use of household salicylic acid products at low concentrations is generally considered safe, in high concentrations, salicylic acid is capable of causing moderate chemical burns. (msdsonline.com)
The most common side effects attributed to salicylic acid products include irritation, dryness, scaling, burning and stinging. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Keep reading for the Marie Claire -approved list of salicylic acid products below. (marieclaire.co.uk)
Unlike alcohol based products, which people think work because they *feel* a sensation against their skin, Salycilic Acid is gentle and you would only feel a very light tingle, if any feeling at all. (mankind.co.uk)
There are a range of Salicylic Acid based products to suit all budgets here at Mankind, from the Perricone MD range to our more wallet friendly options from KORRES and men-u . (mankind.co.uk)
We've rounded up the best salicylic products to use to keep your skin clear, fresh and as blackhead free as physically possible. (beautyheaven.com.au)
What are your favourite acid exfoliation products? (mamamia.com.au)
There is an array of products on the market that use Salicylic Acid, however, if the pH of the acid and the product are not lower or the same as the pKa of Salicylic Acid, the acid will not be effective. (dermaceutic.com)
Salicylic Acid has a pKa of 2.97, therefore the products used needs to be a pH of 2.97 or lower. (dermaceutic.com)
Salicylic acid is also used in a wide range of food processing applications to prevent spoilage of packaged food products and fermentation. (coherentmarketinsights.com)
Products that contain salicylic acid may cause tingling and a mild redness of the skin. (genesishcs.org)
Salicylic acid is a beta-hydroxy acid, which is found in many beauty products today. (arganoilshop.com)
As a woman rubs salicylic-acid products on the skin, it quickly moves into the lower layers. (arganoilshop.com)

If high concentrations of salicylic ointment are applied to a large percentage of body surface, high levels of salicylic acid can enter the blood, requiring hemodialysis to avoid further complications. (wikipedia.org)
A formulation for preparing Salicylic Acid 40% Ointment. (ijpc.com)
To assess whether tacrolimus ointment is an effective psoriasis treatment when used in a combination regimen with the penetration-enhancer salicylic acid. (nih.gov)
A total of 30 adult subjects with generally symmetrical plaque-type psoriasis were randomized to treatment with 6% salicylic acid gel plus vehicle or 6% salicylic acid gel plus 0.1% tacrolimus ointment in a 12-week left-right comparison study. (nih.gov)
Combination treatment with tacrolimus ointment or vehicle plus salicylic acid gel was well tolerated. (nih.gov)
The combination of 0.1% tacrolimus ointment and 6% salicylic acid gel is an effective treatment for psoriasis. (nih.gov)

The acid may also trigger an immune response to build healthy skin cells in the area. (healthline.com)
When applied to the skin, the acid can remove the outer layer of skin cells. (healthline.com)
To keep your skin hydrated, look for cleansers that contain emollients (petrolatum, lanolin , mineral oil and ceramides) or humectants ( glycerin ), which hold moisture in your skin, or exfoliants (alphahydroxy acids) to smooth rough areas. (webmd.com)
Not only does it have salicylic acid which will help with acne, it's also full of different essential oils which make your skin feel very soft and smelling good. (sephora.com)
A gentle, effective wash with salicylic acid for blemish-prone skin that removes impurities and supports natural exfoliation. (sephora.com)
Salicylic acid peels the skin away in layers, which removes the wart over time. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Cotton pads soaked in salicylic acid can be used to chemically exfoliate skin. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Use of straight salicylic solution may cause hyperpigmentation on unpretreated skin for those with darker skin types (Fitzpatrick phototypes IV, V, VI), as well as with the lack of use of a broad spectrum sunblock (Grimes 1999, Roberts 2004). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Salicylic acid as a medication is used most commonly to help remove the outer layer of the skin. (wikipedia.org)
Young children may be at increased risk of unwanted effects because of increased absorption of salicylic acid through the skin. (drugs.com)
Also, young children may be more likely to get skin irritation from salicylic acid. (drugs.com)
Salicylic acid has been shown to produce desquamation of the horny layer of skin while not effecting qualitative or quantitative changes in the structure of the viable epidermis. (nih.gov)
Salicylic Acid 6% is a topical aid in the removal of excessive keratin in hyperkeratotic skin disorders including verrucae, and the various ichthyoses (vulgaris, sex-linked and lamellar), keratosis palmaris and plantaris keratosis pilaris, pityriasis rubra pilaris, and psoriasis (including body, scalp, palms and soles). (nih.gov)
Salicylic acid is used on the skin to treat psoriasis and other dry, scaly skin conditions. (webmd.com)
Salicylic acid causes the skin to shed dead cells from its top layer by increasing the amount of moisture in the skin and dissolving the "cement" between the cells. (webmd.com)
It helps to keep the area clean and also keeps the salicylic acid and moisture in contact with the skin. (medhelp.org)
Salicylic acid breaks down the keratin in the hardened and thickened skin, helping to shed skin cells from the area to which it is applied, and soften and improve the appearance of scaly skin. (netdoctor.co.uk)
If you're wondering whether salicylic acid face wash is right for your skin, give our buying guide a read. (wwlp.com)
Salicylic acid helps slough away dead skin, so it also functions as an exfoliator. (wwlp.com)
If you have sensitive skin, think twice about using salicylic acid, as it's often too harsh. (wwlp.com)
Gel salicylic acid cleansers are best for oil-prone skin, but if you have sensitive skin, stick with foaming cleansers. (wwlp.com)
Because of its effect on skin cells, salicylic acid is used in some shampoos to treat dandruff. (wikipedia.org)
medical citation needed] Concentrated solutions of salicylic acid may cause hyperpigmentation on people with darker skin types (Fitzpatrick phototypes IV, V, VI), without a broad spectrum sunblock. (wikipedia.org)
Due to sun sensitivity, sun protection is recommended when using salicylic acid on sun-exposed skin. (wikipedia.org)
Salicylic Acid, 27.5% Wart Remover should not be allowed to contact normal skin surrounding the wart. (bioportfolio.com)
A localized irritant reaction may occur if Salicylic Acid, 27.5% Wart Remover is applied to the normal skin surrounding the wart. (bioportfolio.com)
Will Salicylic Acid Peels Help the Skin? (livestrong.com)
Salicylic acid peels are an emerging therapy to treat skin still affected by acne. (livestrong.com)
Salicylic peels penetrate only the top layer of your skin, giving it a polished, healthy appearance. (livestrong.com)
Salicylic acid is also known to improve skin thickness , skin barrier functions, collagen production and cell renewal . (ageless.co.za)
moisturize the skin and help to offset dryness that could be caused by salicylic Acid and/or retinol. (dermstore.com)
Salicylic acid topical can cause a rare but serious allergic reaction or severe skin irritation. (unchealthcare.org)
Do not use salicylic acid topical to treat any skin condition that has not been checked by your doctor. (unchealthcare.org)
The salicylic acid face wash is proven by dermatologists to have an excellent soothing effect that thoroughly and deeply cleanses your skin of removing all dirt, excess oil and acne causing bacteria, without irritating your skin. (infoaging.org)
And the best you can find available in the market today are detailed in this article as we give you the best salicylic acid face wash that will meet the different needs of your skin. (infoaging.org)
And using the best salicylic acid face wash can help you manage your acne and prevent its future growth, so you will not be bothered by it anymore, and show off your beautiful smooth skin. (infoaging.org)
This salicylic acid face wash is designed with the clinically proven Microclear technology that can enhance the delivery and efficacy of the medicine for acne, and at the same time helps cure it even before it starts to manifest in your skin. (infoaging.org)
When you hear the word 'acid', it probably conjures danger, not something you'd apply directly to your skin. (marieclaire.co.uk)
With angry skin conditions such as acne and inflammation, applying an acid might seem counter-productive. (marieclaire.co.uk)
If you're using acids for the first time your skin might feel a little tingly, but over time it'll become accustomed to salicylic acid and its benefits. (marieclaire.co.uk)
As well as targeting all over skin concerns, a strong dose of salicylic acid can reduce a huge spot in just a day or two. (marieclaire.co.uk)
Murad's treatment serum combines salicylic acid with a cocktail of other exfoliants for a powerful blemish-busting solution that doesn't leave skin dry or irritated. (marieclaire.co.uk)
Amazon.com: Joyal Beauty Organic Age Defying Face Skin Clearing Glycolic Acid Salicylic Acid Gel Peel Exfoliating Serum with Kojic Acid.Best for Oily Skin Comedone Acne Blackhead Whitehead Pore Dark Spot. (amazon.com)
Joyal Beauty 100% Pure Best Hyaluronic Acid Serum for Face Skin Eyes Lips. (amazon.com)
In fact Glycolic Acid is brilliant for replenishing your complexion and giving your skin a healthy glow! (mankind.co.uk)
The acid can also be used to chemically exfoliate the skin, which means it can be much gentler than a physical exfoliator. (mankind.co.uk)
However, Salicylic Acid is a god send for oily skin and can help to keep sebum and oils under control. (mankind.co.uk)
Not only does salicylic acid fight against acne, it soothes the skin. (teenvogue.com)
What Does Salicylic Acid Do For Your Skin, Exactly? (allure.com)
What all of this means is that salicylic acid can get deep into your skin to do its job. (allure.com)
Once it has penetrated the skin, the acid part of the molecule can dissolve some of the intracellular 'glue' that holds skin cells together,' says Schueller. (allure.com)
Salicylic acid also loosens and breaks apart desmosomes (attachments between cells in the outer layer of skin). (allure.com)
Why add Lha (Caproloyl Salicylic Acid) to your skin care routine? (skinceuticals.com)
Salicylic Acid has a multitude of actions on the skin. (dermaceutic.com)
The acid itself also has antimicrobial and antibacterial properties to it, making it extremely versatile when targeting acne and breakout prone / oily skin. (dermaceutic.com)
Salicylic as a topical acid is beneficial in targeting acne and oily skins as it will gently remove dead skin, encourage circulation and bring much needed oxygen and nutrients to the upper epidermis. (dermaceutic.com)
The pH in both the Dermaceutic Mask 15 and Mask Peel is below 2.9 thereby ensuring that the acid will be effective on the skin. (dermaceutic.com)
Although Salicylic Acid is generally well tolerated by most skin conditions and Fitzpatrick's, one does need to be careful of very dry (lack of oil - often a more mature skin) and very dehydrated skins. (dermaceutic.com)
Salicylic acid treats acne and is also used for wart removal and other skin conditions. (rxwiki.com)
You'll find salicylic acid mainly in pads that you rub on your skin. (genesishcs.org)
Acids typically dissolve tissues, including skin cells. (arganoilshop.com)
Salicylic acid dissolves the cellular connections between the skin cells to diminish the callus's size. (arganoilshop.com)
Are you curious about what salicylic acid can do for your skin? (arganoilshop.com)
Salicylic acid performs an important service for the skin: it penetrates the deeper layers. (arganoilshop.com)
Salicylic acid breaks down the lipids between the cells, which leads to skin rejuvenation. (arganoilshop.com)
This acid also has cleansing power as it encourages natural skin shedding. (arganoilshop.com)
Do you want to know how salicylic acid should be used on the skin? (arganoilshop.com)
How to Use Salicylic Acid on the Skin? (arganoilshop.com)
A good rule of thumb when it comes to using salicylic acid on the skin is following the product manufacturer's recommendations. (arganoilshop.com)
Wash twice a day with the Daily Face Wash which has Glycolic and Salicylic Acid combined with a slightly acidic formulation to dissolve dull residues and grime without stripping the skin of its natural moisture. (menscience.com)
Because of the high concentration of Glycolic and Salicylic Acids, it may take some time for skin to get used to the treatment. (menscience.com)
Salicylic Acid also helps smooth skin and refines skin texture. (menscience.com)

They used special Arabidopsis plants isolated by Professor Zhang's team at the University of British Columbia, which have extremely elevated levels of salicylic acid. (innovations-report.com)

The effect of salicylic acid (SA: 0.5 mM) on the plant growth, copper accumulation, Cu-bound proteins and protein pattern in roots and shoots of Helianthus annuus plants under Cu stress (5 mg L 1 ) was studied. (scialert.net)

To protect yourself from the potential hazards of repeated or prolonged exposure to salicylic acid, it is important to take the necessary safety precautions. (msdsonline.com)

It's a little complicated, but the exact structure of salicylic acid is important in explaining why (and how) it works so well. (allure.com)

A doctor may prescribe a stronger concentration of salicylic acid for at-home use. (healthline.com)

In acne medication, what's the difference between salicylic acid & benzoyl peroxide? (healthtap.com)

Aesthetic Science's Salicylic Acid Exfoliator 2% offers a liberating exfoliation experience in a novel and convenient formula. (steunmijnclub.nl)
Salicylic acid is an exfoliator and can not improve scarring . (healthtap.com)

Salicylic acid, sulfur, and coal tar combination is used to treat dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, and psoriasis of the scalp. (mayoclinic.org)

20% Vitamin C E Ferulic Acid with Hyaluronic Acid Witch Hazel Antioxidants. (amazon.com)
For an anti-aging boost, Hyaluronic Acid provides incredible hydration by holding up to 1000 times its weight in water! (amazon.com)

The name salicylic acid derives from the Latin word for the willow tree ( Salix ) , from whose bark it can be obtained (Mackowiak 2000). (newworldencyclopedia.org)

No studies examine topical salicylic acid in pregnancy. (wikipedia.org)
Topical salicylic acid is common in many over-the-counter dermatological agents and the lack of adverse reports suggests a low risk. (wikipedia.org)
The safety profile for topical salicylic acid has been well delineated. (clinicaltrials.gov)

Just because a product contains salicylic acid doesn't mean it contains the right dose to be effective,' says Lucy. (glamourmagazine.co.uk)

It is also available mixed with coal tar, zinc oxide, or benzoic acid. (wikipedia.org)
These trends in the experimental results show great similarity with previous results on benzoic acid. (diva-portal.org)
As opposed to our previous work on benzoic acid, it has not been possible to find a set of kinetic parameters that provides for a good description of all experimental data. (diva-portal.org)
Two active analogs of SA, benzoic acid and acetyl-SA, had the same effect as SA on isolated tobacco mitochondria, whereas the inactive p -hydroxybenzoic acid was without effect at the same concentration. (plantphysiol.org)

In a study of the percutaneous absorption of salicylic acid in a 6% salicylic acid gel in four patients with extensive active psoriasis, Taylor and Halprin showed that the peak serum salicylate levels never exceeded 5 mg/100 ml even though more than 60% of the applied salicylic acid was absorbed. (nih.gov)
The combination of betamethasone and salicylic acid topical is used for controlling seborrheic dermatitis or psoriasis of body and scalp, dandruff, and other scaling dermatoses. (patientslikeme.com)

While most people tolerate salicylic acid treatments well, there are some people who don't. (healthline.com)
Salicylic acid for wart treatments may be sold as a patch, liquid, or gel. (healthline.com)
If salicylic acid doesn't seem to be removing the wart effectively, there are other professional treatments for wart removal. (healthline.com)
People should not use salicylic acid or other home treatments if they have diabetes or any circulation or immunity conditions. (medicalnewstoday.com)
We also outline how to use salicyclic acid, and describe some of the other acne treatments available. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Heat-acclimation or salicylic acid (SA) treatments were previously shown to induce thermotolerance in mustard ( Sinapis alba L.) seedlings from 1.5 to 4 h after treatment. (plantphysiol.org)
Use of a salicyclic acid wash and benzoyl peroxide (5-10%) are pretty standard entry level treatments for acne . (healthtap.com)
Fight off calluses with daily salicylic-acid treatments. (arganoilshop.com)

Salicylic acid is the major hydrolysis product of acetylsalicylic acid, as shown below in Equation 1, and its detection and quantification in samples containing acetylsalicylic acid can be important for a number of reasons. (essaywriter.co.uk)
Influence of gender and oral contraceptive steroids on the metabolism of salicylic acid and acetylsalicylic acid. (nih.gov)

Isochorismate-derived biosynthesis of the plant stress hormone salicylic acid. (innovations-report.com)
Previous studies in Arabidopsis thaliana established roles for CALMODULIN BINDING TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATOR 3 (CAMTA3) in the rapid cold induction of CRT/DRE BINDING FACTOR (CBF) genes CBF1 and CBF2, and the repression of salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis at warm temperature. (nih.gov)
Salicylic acid biosynthesis at low temperature did not contribute to freezing tolerance, but had a major role in configuring the transcriptome, including the induction of 'defense response' genes, suggesting the possible existence of a pre-emptive defense strategy programmed by prolonged chilling temperatures. (nih.gov)
It can be produced naturally through a biosynthesis process of phenylalanine-an amino acid found in certain plants. (coherentmarketinsights.com)

Creating formulations using salicylic acid can be difficult, so we have done all the work for you and have created a unique all-natural 2% Salicylic Acid Serum. (steunmijnclub.nl)

But salicylic peels are very mild and won't give your complexion a complete makeover, especially if deeper wrinkles, extensive sun damage and acne scarring are concerns. (livestrong.com)
Salicylic peels, being the lightest type of facial peel, have subtle results. (livestrong.com)
A study on salicylic acid peels by Paskistani dermatologists Bari Arfan Ul, Iqbal Zafar and Rahman Simeen Ber was published in the 'Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology. (livestrong.com)
Researchers concluded that salicylic peels are a 'well-tolerated and safe treatment modality in many superficial facial dermatoses. (livestrong.com)
Salicylic peels may reduce subtle signs of aging and acne. (livestrong.com)
But they won't give you the dramatic results offered by peels that use stronger chemicals, such as trichloroacetic acid, commonly known as TCA, or phenol. (livestrong.com)
For home use, it is not recommended to make AHA peels higher than 20% (equals about 28.5% of glycolic acid). (steunmijnclub.nl)
From AHAs to glycolic acid: At-home chemical face peels are the next best thing to a professional facial. (glamourmagazine.co.uk)

According to the Merck Index (an encyclopedia of drugs, chemicals, etc.) the dose of salicylic that kills 50% of mice (the lethal dose 50 or LD50) is 500 milligrams/kilogram of mouse. (madsci.org)

The isoenzyme profile of leaf and root tissues of wheat plants grown with different concentrations of salicylic acid (SA) was studied by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). (springer.com)

Sunburn Alert: This product contains a beta hydroxy acid (BHA) that may increase your skin's sensitivity to the sun and particularly the possibility of sunburn. (sephora.com)

Salicylic acid 1.0% creams (Formulation A and Formulation B) will be evaluated to detect any differences in their response for safety and efficacy. (clinicaltrials.gov)

Examples of AHAs, for reference, include glycolic and lactic acids. (allure.com)
From salicylic acid to glycolic and lactic. (mamamia.com.au)

By using a process involving the esterification of the phenolic hydroxyl group of salicylic acid, it retains some of its potency as an analgesic while reducing its acidity. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Salicylic acid (from Latin salix, "willow tree") is a lipophilic monohydroxybenzoic acid, a type of phenolic acid, and a beta hydroxy acid (BHA). (wikipedia.org)
It also competitively inhibits the transferring of glucuronyl group of uridine-5-phosphoglucuronic acid to the phenolic acceptor. (wikipedia.org)
One key hub in plant defense signaling networks is centered on the small phenolic molecule salicylic acid (SA). (genetics.org)
Salicylic acid (SA) is a phenolic compound that is an important effector molecule in plants ( Klessig and Malamy, 1994 ). (plantphysiol.org)
Salicylic acid (SA) is a phenolic compound commonly found in plants where it plays a role of plant growth regulator and also as a signal molecule mediating in plant defense against pathogens. (steunmijnclub.nl)

Salicylic acid is both a caroxylic acid and a phenol. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
A carboxylic acid is an organic (carbon-containing) acid characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group, which has the formula -C(=O)OH, usually written -COOH or -CO 2 H. A phenol , in the general sense of the term, is any compound which contains a six-membered aromatic ring, bonded directly to a hydroxyl group (-OH). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
It is an aromatic acid and is classified as both a phenol and a carboxylic acid. (ageless.co.za)

What do I need to tell my doctor BEFORE I take Coal Tar, Salicylic Acid, and Sulfur? (drugs.com)
If you have an allergy to coal tar , salicylic acid , or any other part of coal tar, salicylic acid, and sulfur. (drugs.com)
This is not a list of all drugs or health problems that interact with coal tar, salicylic acid, and sulfur. (drugs.com)
You must check to make sure that it is safe for you to take coal tar, salicylic acid, and sulfur with all of your drugs and health problems. (drugs.com)
What are some things I need to know or do while I take Coal Tar, Salicylic Acid, and Sulfur? (drugs.com)
Tell all of your health care providers that you take coal tar, salicylic acid, and sulfur. (drugs.com)
Use coal tar, salicylic acid, and sulfur as you were told by the doctor or read the package label. (drugs.com)
If coal tar, salicylic acid, and sulfur is swallowed, call a doctor or poison control center right away. (drugs.com)
You will need to talk about the benefits and risks of using coal tar, salicylic acid, and sulfur while you are pregnant. (drugs.com)
How is this medicine (Coal Tar, Salicylic Acid, and Sulfur) best taken? (drugs.com)
Use coal tar, salicylic acid, and sulfur as ordered by your doctor. (drugs.com)
Do not take coal tar, salicylic acid, and sulfur by mouth. (drugs.com)
If coal tar, salicylic acid, and sulfur gets in the eyes, rinse with cool water. (drugs.com)
There is no specific information comparing use of salicylic acid, sulfur, and coal tar combination medicine in the elderly with use in other age groups. (mayoclinic.org)

Made up of salicylic and lactic acids, this targeted gel absorbs excess oil and penetrates the pore for a more refined and glowing complexion. (beautyheaven.com.au)

For this reason, it is important to use an acid that will chemically dissolve keratin bonds, oil and debris, something mechanical exfoliators and scrubbing cannot do. (dermaceutic.com)

Those acids are called Hydroxy Acids. (mamamia.com.au)

Salicylic Acid: Stimulates natural exfoliation to help clear clogged follicles. (sephora.com)
A derivative of salicylic acid, this lipo-hydroxy acid helps promote cell turnover via targeted exfoliation. (skinceuticals.com)

Anatomy3

Organisms20

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs46

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes10

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Information Science2

Distribution kinetics of salicylic acid in the dual-perfused rat liver preparation. (1/1096)

Salicylate inhibits LDL oxidation initiated by superoxide/nitric oxide radicals. (2/1096)

Is arcA3 a possible mediator in the signal transduction pathway during agonist cell cycle arrest by salicylic acid and UV irradiation? (3/1096)

Inverse relationship between systemic resistance of plants to microorganisms and to insect herbivory. (4/1096)

Nanogram amounts of salicylic acid produced by the rhizobacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7NSK2 activate the systemic acquired resistance pathway in bean. (5/1096)

Interaction of NPR1 with basic leucine zipper protein transcription factors that bind sequences required for salicylic acid induction of the PR-1 gene. (6/1096)

Environmental factors modulating antibiotic and siderophore biosynthesis by Pseudomonas fluorescens biocontrol strains. (7/1096)

A functional 4-hydroxysalicylate/hydroxyquinol degradative pathway gene cluster is linked to the initial dibenzo-p-dioxin pathway genes in Sphingomonas sp. strain RW1. (8/1096)

Salicylic Acid

Salicylates

Oxylipins

Cyclopentanes

Plant Diseases

Gene Expression Regulation, Plant

Arabidopsis

Plant Growth Regulators

Pseudomonas syringae

Ethylenes

Arabidopsis Proteins

Plant Immunity

Plant Leaves

Plants, Genetically Modified

Plant Proteins

Tobacco

Disease Resistance

Oomycetes

Isonicotinic Acids

Botrytis

Thiadiazoles

Warts

Genes, Plant

Gentisates

Tobacco Mosaic Virus

Alternaria

Plants, Toxic

Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase

Scopoletin

Keratolytic Agents

Intramolecular Transferases

Immunity, Innate

Aspirin

Cryotherapy

Peronospora

Plant Roots

Anacardic Acids

Lycopersicon esculentum

Hydroxybenzoates

Aminosalicylic Acids

Signal Transduction

Pseudomonas

Abscisic Acid

RNA, Plant

Ascomycota

Indenes

Glycolates

Capsicum

Mutation

Exopeptidases

Hydrogen Peroxide

Benzoic Acid

Molecular Sequence Data

Acetates

Hydroponics

Hippurates

Chemexfoliation

Host-Pathogen Interactions

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal

Phytophthora

Naphthaleneacetic Acids

Mesalamine

Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases

Magnaporthe

Bromisovalum

Ascorbate Peroxidases

Oryza sativa

Chitinase

Plant Exudates

Cinnamates

Mixed Function Oxygenases

Verticillium

Cicer

Seedling

Defensins

Benzoates

Amitrole

Indoleacetic Acids

Colletotrichum

Amino Acid Sequence