Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteins. Medical search

A species of the genus SACCHAROMYCES, family Saccharomycetaceae, order Saccharomycetales, known as "baker's" or "brewer's" yeast. The dried form is used as a dietary supplement.

Proteins obtained from the species SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE. The function of specific proteins from this organism are the subject of intense scientific interest and have been used to derive basic understanding of the functioning similar proteins in higher eukaryotes.

Proteins found in any species of fungus.

The functional hereditary units of FUNGI.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in fungi.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of fungi.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

A genus of ascomycetous fungi of the family Saccharomycetaceae, order SACCHAROMYCETALES.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

Proteins that control the CELL DIVISION CYCLE. This family of proteins includes a wide variety of classes, including CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES, mitogen-activated kinases, CYCLINS, and PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASES as well as their putative substrates such as chromatin-associated proteins, CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS, and TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

Ribonucleic acid in fungi having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

Structures within the nucleus of fungal cells consisting of or containing DNA, which carry genetic information essential to the cell.

The complete gene complement contained in a set of chromosomes in a fungus.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.

The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.

A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.

Mutation process that restores the wild-type PHENOTYPE in an organism possessing a mutationally altered GENOTYPE. The second "suppressor" mutation may be on a different gene, on the same gene but located at a distance from the site of the primary mutation, or in extrachromosomal genes (EXTRACHROMOSOMAL INHERITANCE).

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

Reproductive bodies produced by fungi.

A glycoside hydrolase found primarily in PLANTS and YEASTS. It has specificity for beta-D-fructofuranosides such as SUCROSE.

Use of restriction endonucleases to analyze and generate a physical map of genomes, genes, or other segments of DNA.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

Genes that have a suppressor allele or suppressor mutation (SUPPRESSION, GENETIC) which cancels the effect of a previous mutation, enabling the wild-type phenotype to be maintained or partially restored. For example, amber suppressors cancel the effect of an AMBER NONSENSE MUTATION.

The chromosomal constitution of cells, in which each type of CHROMOSOME is represented once. Symbol: N.

Process of generating a genetic MUTATION. It may occur spontaneously or be induced by MUTAGENS.

Any spaces or cavities within a cell. They may function in digestion, storage, secretion, or excretion.

Change brought about to an organisms genetic composition by unidirectional transfer (TRANSFECTION; TRANSDUCTION, GENETIC; CONJUGATION, GENETIC, etc.) and incorporation of foreign DNA into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells by recombination of part or all of that DNA into the cell's genome.

Anaerobic degradation of GLUCOSE or other organic nutrients to gain energy in the form of ATP. End products vary depending on organisms, substrates, and enzymatic pathways. Common fermentation products include ETHANOL and LACTIC ACID.

Production of new arrangements of DNA by various mechanisms such as assortment and segregation, CROSSING OVER; GENE CONVERSION; GENETIC TRANSFORMATION; GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; or mixed infection of viruses.

The chromosomal constitution of cells, in which each type of CHROMOSOME is represented twice. Symbol: 2N or 2X.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

A set of nuclear proteins in SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE that are required for the transcriptional repression of the silent mating type loci. They mediate the formation of silenced CHROMATIN and repress both transcription and recombination at other loci as well. They are comprised of 4 non-homologous, interacting proteins, Sir1p, Sir2p, Sir3p, and Sir4p. Sir2p, an NAD-dependent HISTONE DEACETYLASE, is the founding member of the family of SIRTUINS.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

A genus of ascomycetous fungi of the family Schizosaccharomycetaceae, order Schizosaccharomycetales.

A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.

Variant forms of the same gene, occupying the same locus on homologous CHROMOSOMES, and governing the variants in production of the same gene product.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

A type of CELL NUCLEUS division, occurring during maturation of the GERM CELLS. Two successive cell nucleus divisions following a single chromosome duplication (S PHASE) result in daughter cells with half the number of CHROMOSOMES as the parent cells.

Fungal genes that mostly encode TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. In some FUNGI they also encode PHEROMONES and PHEROMONE RECEPTORS. The transcription factors control expression of specific proteins that give a cell its mating identity. Opposite mating type identities are required for mating.

The reconstruction of a continuous two-stranded DNA molecule without mismatch from a molecule which contained damaged regions. The major repair mechanisms are excision repair, in which defective regions in one strand are excised and resynthesized using the complementary base pairing information in the intact strand; photoreactivation repair, in which the lethal and mutagenic effects of ultraviolet light are eliminated; and post-replication repair, in which the primary lesions are not repaired, but the gaps in one daughter duplex are filled in by incorporation of portions of the other (undamaged) daughter duplex. Excision repair and post-replication repair are sometimes referred to as "dark repair" because they do not require light.

An order of fungi in the phylum Ascomycota that multiply by budding. They include the telomorphic ascomycetous yeasts which are found in a very wide range of habitats.

Proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus.

An ascomycetous yeast of the fungal family Saccharomycetaceae, order SACCHAROMYCETALES.

A protein kinase encoded by the Saccharomyces cerevisiae CDC28 gene and required for progression from the G1 PHASE to the S PHASE in the CELL CYCLE.

Cells, usually bacteria or yeast, which have partially lost their cell wall, lost their characteristic shape and become round.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

A group of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of ATP. The hydrolysis reaction is usually coupled with another function such as transporting Ca(2+) across a membrane. These enzymes may be dependent on Ca(2+), Mg(2+), anions, H+, or DNA.

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

An aldohexose that occurs naturally in the D-form in lactose, cerebrosides, gangliosides, and mucoproteins. Deficiency of galactosyl-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYL-TRANSFERASE DEFICIENCY DISEASE) causes an error in galactose metabolism called GALACTOSEMIA, resulting in elevations of galactose in the blood.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

The complex series of phenomena, occurring between the end of one CELL DIVISION and the end of the next, by which cellular material is duplicated and then divided between two daughter cells. The cell cycle includes INTERPHASE, which includes G0 PHASE; G1 PHASE; S PHASE; and G2 PHASE, and CELL DIVISION PHASE.

Proteins which maintain the transcriptional quiescence of specific GENES or OPERONS. Classical repressor proteins are DNA-binding proteins that are normally bound to the OPERATOR REGION of an operon, or the ENHANCER SEQUENCES of a gene until a signal occurs that causes their release.

The outermost layer of a cell in most PLANTS; BACTERIA; FUNGI; and ALGAE. The cell wall is usually a rigid structure that lies external to the CELL MEMBRANE, and provides a protective barrier against physical or chemical agents.

A steroid of interest both because its biosynthesis in FUNGI is a target of ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS, notably AZOLES, and because when it is present in SKIN of animals, ULTRAVIOLET RAYS break a bond to result in ERGOCALCIFEROL.

A unicellular budding fungus which is the principal pathogenic species causing CANDIDIASIS (moniliasis).

Protein factors released from one species of YEAST that are selectively toxic to another species of yeast.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

Chemical substances, excreted by an organism into the environment, that elicit behavioral or physiological responses from other organisms of the same species. Perception of these chemical signals may be olfactory or by contact.

A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.

A sequence of successive nucleotide triplets that are read as CODONS specifying AMINO ACIDS and begin with an INITIATOR CODON and end with a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR).

DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.

The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.

A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.

Deletion of sequences of nucleic acids from the genetic material of an individual.

Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.

The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.

A sirtuin family member found primarily in the CYTOPLASM. It is a multifunctional enzyme that contains a NAD-dependent deacetylase activity that is specific for HISTONES and a mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity.

Genes whose loss of function or gain of function MUTATION leads to the death of the carrier prior to maturity. They may be essential genes (GENES, ESSENTIAL) required for viability, or genes which cause a block of function of an essential gene at a time when the essential gene function is required for viability.

The process by which a DNA molecule is duplicated.

An enzyme that converts UDP glucosamine into chitin and UDP. EC 2.4.1.16.

Proteins obtained from the species Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The function of specific proteins from this organism are the subject of intense scientific interest and have been used to derive basic understanding of the functioning similar proteins in higher eukaryotes.

Membrane proteins whose primary function is to facilitate the transport of molecules across a biological membrane. Included in this broad category are proteins involved in active transport (BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT, ACTIVE), facilitated transport and ION CHANNELS.

A carboxypeptidase that catalyzes the release of a C-terminal amino acid with a broad specificity. It also plays a role in the LYSOSOMES by protecting BETA-GALACTOSIDASE and NEURAMINIDASE from degradation. It was formerly classified as EC 3.4.12.1 and EC 3.4.21.13.

A type of CELL NUCLEUS division by means of which the two daughter nuclei normally receive identical complements of the number of CHROMOSOMES of the somatic cells of the species.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.

Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.

A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.

Fermented juice of fresh grapes or of other fruit or plant products used as a beverage.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of genetic processes or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

A sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide or of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that is similar across multiple species. A known set of conserved sequences is represented by a CONSENSUS SEQUENCE. AMINO ACID MOTIFS are often composed of conserved sequences.

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

A terminal section of a chromosome which has a specialized structure and which is involved in chromosomal replication and stability. Its length is believed to be a few hundred base pairs.

Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of mannose from a nucleoside diphosphate mannose to an acceptor molecule which is frequently another carbohydrate. The group includes EC 2.4.1.32, EC 2.4.1.48, EC 2.4.1.54, and EC 2.4.1.57.

The study, utilization, and manipulation of those microorganisms capable of economically producing desirable substances or changes in substances, and the control of undesirable microorganisms.

The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.

Genetically engineered MUTAGENESIS at a specific site in the DNA molecule that introduces a base substitution, or an insertion or deletion.

Organisms whose GENOME has been changed by a GENETIC ENGINEERING technique.

Screening techniques first developed in yeast to identify genes encoding interacting proteins. Variations are used to evaluate interplay between proteins and other molecules. Two-hybrid techniques refer to analysis for protein-protein interactions, one-hybrid for DNA-protein interactions, three-hybrid interactions for RNA-protein interactions or ligand-based interactions. Reverse n-hybrid techniques refer to analysis for mutations or other small molecules that dissociate known interactions.

The ability of fungi to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antifungal agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation.

A group of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-galactosides. Deficiency of beta-Galactosidase A1 may cause GANGLIOSIDOSIS, GM1.

An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.

Yeast-like ascomycetous fungi of the family Saccharomycetaceae, order SACCHAROMYCETALES isolated from exuded tree sap.

A member of the Rho family of MONOMERIC GTP-BINDING PROTEINS from SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE. It is involved in morphological events related to the cell cycle. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.6.1.47.

A urea hydantoin that is found in URINE and PLANTS and is used in dermatological preparations.

Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. These deviations may be caused by physical or chemical agents and occur by natural or unnatural, introduced circumstances. They include the introduction of illegitimate bases during replication or by deamination or other modification of bases; the loss of a base from the DNA backbone leaving an abasic site; single-strand breaks; double strand breaks; and intrastrand (PYRIMIDINE DIMERS) or interstrand crosslinking. Damage can often be repaired (DNA REPAIR). If the damage is extensive, it can induce APOPTOSIS.

A family of enzymes that catalyze the conversion of ATP and a protein to ADP and a phosphoprotein.

A DNA-binding protein that mediates DNA REPAIR of double strand breaks, and HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION.

The biosynthesis of PEPTIDES and PROTEINS on RIBOSOMES, directed by MESSENGER RNA, via TRANSFER RNA that is charged with standard proteinogenic AMINO ACIDS.

Proteins found in ribosomes. They are believed to have a catalytic function in reconstituting biologically active ribosomal subunits.

A general term for single-celled rounded fungi that reproduce by budding. Brewers' and bakers' yeasts are SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE; therapeutic dried yeast is YEAST, DRIED.

A form of gene interaction whereby the expression of one gene interferes with or masks the expression of a different gene or genes. Genes whose expression interferes with or masks the effects of other genes are said to be epistatic to the effected genes. Genes whose expression is affected (blocked or masked) are hypostatic to the interfering genes.

An alkylating agent in cancer therapy that may also act as a mutagen by interfering with and causing damage to DNA.

Genes which regulate or circumscribe the activity of other genes; specifically, genes which code for PROTEINS or RNAs which have GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION functions.

The small RNA molecules, 73-80 nucleotides long, that function during translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC) to align AMINO ACIDS at the RIBOSOMES in a sequence determined by the mRNA (RNA, MESSENGER). There are about 30 different transfer RNAs. Each recognizes a specific CODON set on the mRNA through its own ANTICODON and as aminoacyl tRNAs (RNA, TRANSFER, AMINO ACYL), each carries a specific amino acid to the ribosome to add to the elongating peptide chains.

An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.

A group of enzymes that catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues in proteins, with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors.

A systemic agricultural fungicide used for control of certain fungal diseases of stone fruit.

The most abundant form of RNA. Together with proteins, it forms the ribosomes, playing a structural role and also a role in ribosomal binding of mRNA and tRNAs. Individual chains are conventionally designated by their sedimentation coefficients. In eukaryotes, four large chains exist, synthesized in the nucleolus and constituting about 50% of the ribosome. (Dorland, 28th ed)

A trihydroxy sugar alcohol that is an intermediate in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. It is used as a solvent, emollient, pharmaceutical agent, and sweetening agent.

A linear polysaccharide of beta-1->4 linked units of ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE. It is the second most abundant biopolymer on earth, found especially in INSECTS and FUNGI. When deacetylated it is called CHITOSAN.

RNA transcripts of the DNA that are in some unfinished stage of post-transcriptional processing (RNA PROCESSING, POST-TRANSCRIPTIONAL) required for function. RNA precursors may undergo several steps of RNA SPLICING during which the phosphodiester bonds at exon-intron boundaries are cleaved and the introns are excised. Consequently a new bond is formed between the ends of the exons. Resulting mature RNAs can then be used; for example, mature mRNA (RNA, MESSENGER) is used as a template for protein production.

Proteins that catalyze the unwinding of duplex DNA during replication by binding cooperatively to single-stranded regions of DNA or to short regions of duplex DNA that are undergoing transient opening. In addition DNA helicases are DNA-dependent ATPases that harness the free energy of ATP hydrolysis to translocate DNA strands.

Detection of RNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

Substances that destroy fungi by suppressing their ability to grow or reproduce. They differ from FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL because they defend against fungi present in human or animal tissues.

Post-transcriptional biological modification of messenger, transfer, or ribosomal RNAs or their precursors. It includes cleavage, methylation, thiolation, isopentenylation, pseudouridine formation, conformational changes, and association with ribosomal protein.

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A nonmetallic element with atomic symbol C, atomic number 6, and atomic weight [12.0096; 12.0116]. It may occur as several different allotropes including DIAMOND; CHARCOAL; and GRAPHITE; and as SOOT from incompletely burned fuel.

A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.

Multisubunit enzymes that reversibly synthesize ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE. They are coupled to the transport of protons across a membrane.

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of alpha,alpha-trehalose and water to D-glucose. EC 3.2.1.28.

The material of CHROMOSOMES. It is a complex of DNA; HISTONES; and nonhistone proteins (CHROMOSOMAL PROTEINS, NON-HISTONE) found within the nucleus of a cell.

A system of cisternae in the CYTOPLASM of many cells. In places the endoplasmic reticulum is continuous with the plasma membrane (CELL MEMBRANE) or outer membrane of the nuclear envelope. If the outer surfaces of the endoplasmic reticulum membranes are coated with ribosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum is said to be rough-surfaced (ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, ROUGH); otherwise it is said to be smooth-surfaced (ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, SMOOTH). (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

The process of moving proteins from one cellular compartment (including extracellular) to another by various sorting and transport mechanisms such as gated transport, protein translocation, and vesicular transport.

Directed modification of the gene complement of a living organism by such techniques as altering the DNA, substituting genetic material by means of a virus, transplanting whole nuclei, transplanting cell hybrids, etc.

Proteins that bind to RNA molecules. Included here are RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS and other proteins whose function is to bind specifically to RNA.

Small chromosomal proteins (approx 12-20 kD) possessing an open, unfolded structure and attached to the DNA in cell nuclei by ionic linkages. Classification into the various types (designated histone I, histone II, etc.) is based on the relative amounts of arginine and lysine in each.

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

A family of pheromone receptors that were initially discovered in SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE as proteins necessary for fungal conjugation. Each mating factor receptor is expressed in HAPLOID CELLS of a single mating type.

Deliberate breeding of two different individuals that results in offspring that carry part of the genetic material of each parent. The parent organisms must be genetically compatible and may be from different varieties or closely related species.

An endocellulase with specificity for the hydrolysis of 1,3-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in 1,3-beta-D-glucans including laminarin, paramylon, and pachyman.

A group of enzymes catalyzing the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA. They include members of EC 3.1.21.-, EC 3.1.22.-, EC 3.1.23.- (DNA RESTRICTION ENZYMES), EC 3.1.24.- (DNA RESTRICTION ENZYMES), and EC 3.1.25.-.

A class of enzymes that catalyze the formation of a bond between two substrate molecules, coupled with the hydrolysis of a pyrophosphate bond in ATP or a similar energy donor. (Dorland, 28th ed) EC 6.

Protein analogs and derivatives of the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein that emit light (FLUORESCENCE) when excited with ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They are used in REPORTER GENES in doing GENETIC TECHNIQUES. Numerous mutants have been made to emit other colors or be sensitive to pH.

A broad category of proteins involved in the formation, transport and dissolution of TRANSPORT VESICLES. They play a role in the intracellular transport of molecules contained within membrane vesicles. Vesicular transport proteins are distinguished from MEMBRANE TRANSPORT PROTEINS, which move molecules across membranes, by the mode in which the molecules are transported.

Any of various enzymatically catalyzed post-translational modifications of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS in the cell of origin. These modifications include carboxylation; HYDROXYLATION; ACETYLATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; METHYLATION; GLYCOSYLATION; ubiquitination; oxidation; proteolysis; and crosslinking and result in changes in molecular weight and electrophoretic motility.

An enzyme that catalyzes reversibly the formation of galactose 1-phosphate and ADP from ATP and D-galactose. Galactosamine can also act as the acceptor. A deficiency of this enzyme results in GALACTOSEMIA. EC 2.7.1.6.

Compounds and molecular complexes that consist of very large numbers of atoms and are generally over 500 kDa in size. In biological systems macromolecular substances usually can be visualized using ELECTRON MICROSCOPY and are distinguished from ORGANELLES by the lack of a membrane structure.

Toxic compounds produced by FUNGI.

Proteins which are synthesized in eukaryotic organisms and bacteria in response to hyperthermia and other environmental stresses. They increase thermal tolerance and perform functions essential to cell survival under these conditions.

The asymmetrical segregation of genes during replication which leads to the production of non-reciprocal recombinant strands and the apparent conversion of one allele into another. Thus, e.g., the meiotic products of an Aa individual may be AAAa or aaaA instead of AAaa, i.e., the A allele has been converted into the a allele or vice versa.

Double-stranded DNA of MITOCHONDRIA. In eukaryotes, the mitochondrial GENOME is circular and codes for ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, and about 10 proteins.

The part of a cell that contains the CYTOSOL and small structures excluding the CELL NUCLEUS; MITOCHONDRIA; and large VACUOLES. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990)

Microbodies which occur in animal and plant cells and in certain fungi and protozoa. They contain peroxidase, catalase, and allied enzymes. (From Singleton and Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2nd ed)

That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum immediately below the visible range and extending into the x-ray frequencies. The longer wavelengths (near-UV or biotic or vital rays) are necessary for the endogenous synthesis of vitamin D and are also called antirachitic rays; the shorter, ionizing wavelengths (far-UV or abiotic or extravital rays) are viricidal, bactericidal, mutagenic, and carcinogenic and are used as disinfectants.

Thin structures that encapsulate subcellular structures or ORGANELLES in EUKARYOTIC CELLS. They include a variety of membranes associated with the CELL NUCLEUS; the MITOCHONDRIA; the GOLGI APPARATUS; the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; LYSOSOMES; PLASTIDS; and VACUOLES.

Cellular proteins and protein complexes that transport amino acids across biological membranes.

Steroids with a hydroxyl group at C-3 and most of the skeleton of cholestane. Additional carbon atoms may be present in the side chain. (IUPAC Steroid Nomenclature, 1987)

A class of enzymes that form a thioester bond to UBIQUITIN with the assistance of UBIQUITIN-ACTIVATING ENZYMES. They transfer ubiquitin to the LYSINE of a substrate protein with the assistance of UBIQUITIN-PROTEIN LIGASES.

Multicomponent ribonucleoprotein structures found in the CYTOPLASM of all cells, and in MITOCHONDRIA, and PLASTIDS. They function in PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS via GENETIC TRANSLATION.

The clear constricted portion of the chromosome at which the chromatids are joined and by which the chromosome is attached to the spindle during cell division.

The complete absence, or (loosely) the paucity, of gaseous or dissolved elemental oxygen in a given place or environment. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

Life or metabolic reactions occurring in an environment containing oxygen.

Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene or extragenic sequence. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA insertions into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene can interrupt GENETIC TRANSLATION of the coding sequences or interfere with recognition of regulatory elements and cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumor formation.

A method (first developed by E.M. Southern) for detection of DNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.

Diffusible gene products that act on homologous or heterologous molecules of viral or cellular DNA to regulate the expression of proteins.

Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the internal bonds and thereby the formation of polynucleotides or oligonucleotides from ribo- or deoxyribonucleotide chains. EC 3.1.-.

Methods and techniques used to genetically modify cells' biosynthetic product output and develop conditions for growing the cells as BIOREACTORS.

A class of membrane lipids that have a polar head and two nonpolar tails. They are composed of one molecule of the long-chain amino alcohol sphingosine (4-sphingenine) or one of its derivatives, one molecule of a long-chain acid, a polar head alcohol and sometimes phosphoric acid in diester linkage at the polar head group. (Lehninger et al, Principles of Biochemistry, 2nd ed)

The reciprocal exchange of segments at corresponding positions along pairs of homologous CHROMOSOMES by symmetrical breakage and crosswise rejoining forming cross-over sites (HOLLIDAY JUNCTIONS) that are resolved during CHROMOSOME SEGREGATION. Crossing-over typically occurs during MEIOSIS but it may also occur in the absence of meiosis, for example, with bacterial chromosomes, organelle chromosomes, or somatic cell nuclear chromosomes.

A family of enzymes that catalyze the exonucleolytic cleavage of RNA. It includes EC 3.1.13.-, EC 3.1.14.-, EC 3.1.15.-, and EC 3.1.16.-. EC 3.1.-

Those genes found in an organism which are necessary for its viability and normal function.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.

Enzymes that are part of the restriction-modification systems. They catalyze the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA sequences which lack the species-specific methylation pattern in the host cell's DNA. Cleavage yields random or specific double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. The function of restriction enzymes is to destroy any foreign DNA that invades the host cell. Most have been studied in bacterial systems, but a few have been found in eukaryotic organisms. They are also used as tools for the systematic dissection and mapping of chromosomes, in the determination of base sequences of DNAs, and have made it possible to splice and recombine genes from one organism into the genome of another. EC 3.21.1.

A class of enzymes that transfers nucleotidyl residues. EC 2.7.7.

In a prokaryotic cell or in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, a structure consisting of or containing DNA which carries the genetic information essential to the cell. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

A DNA-dependent RNA polymerase present in bacterial, plant, and animal cells. It functions in the nucleoplasmic structure and transcribes DNA into RNA. It has different requirements for cations and salt than RNA polymerase I and is strongly inhibited by alpha-amanitin. EC 2.7.7.6.

Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes antibodies that are labeled with fluorescent dye.

A group of deoxyribonucleotides (up to 12) in which the phosphate residues of each deoxyribonucleotide act as bridges in forming diester linkages between the deoxyribose moieties.

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of glucose from a nucleoside diphosphate glucose to an acceptor molecule which is frequently another carbohydrate. EC 2.4.1.-.

The spatial arrangement of the atoms of a nucleic acid or polynucleotide that results in its characteristic 3-dimensional shape.

Proteins and peptides that are involved in SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION within the cell. Included here are peptides and proteins that regulate the activity of TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS and cellular processes in response to signals from CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. Intracellular signaling peptide and proteins may be part of an enzymatic signaling cascade or act through binding to and modifying the action of other signaling factors.

The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.

Nucleoproteins, which in contrast to HISTONES, are acid insoluble. They are involved in chromosomal functions; e.g. they bind selectively to DNA, stimulate transcription resulting in tissue-specific RNA synthesis and undergo specific changes in response to various hormones or phytomitogens.

Glucose polymers consisting of a backbone of beta(1->3)-linked beta-D-glucopyranosyl units with beta(1->6) linked side chains of various lengths. They are a major component of the CELL WALL of organisms and of soluble DIETARY FIBER.

A Drosophila TNF-receptor-associated factor (TRAF) binds the ste20 kinase Misshapen and activates Jun kinase. (1/25200)

Two families of protein kinases that are closely related to Ste20 in their kinase domain have been identified - the p21-activated protein kinase (Pak) and SPS1 families [1-3]. In contrast to Pak family members, SPS1 family members do not bind and are not activated by GTP-bound p21Rac and Cdc42. We recently placed a member of the SPS1 family, called Misshapen (Msn), genetically upstream of the c-Jun amino-terminal (JNK) mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase module in Drosophila [4]. The failure to activate JNK in Drosophila leads to embryonic lethality due to the failure of these embryos to stimulate dorsal closure [5-8]. Msn probably functions as a MAP kinase kinase kinase kinase in Drosophila, activating the JNK pathway via an, as yet, undefined MAP kinase kinase kinase. We have identified a Drosophila TNF-receptor-associated factor, DTRAF1, by screening for Msn-interacting proteins using the yeast two-hybrid system. In contrast to the mammalian TRAFs that have been shown to activate JNK, DTRAF1 lacks an amino-terminal 'Ring-finger' domain, and overexpression of a truncated DTRAF1, consisting of only its TRAF domain, activates JNK. We also identified another DTRAF, DTRAF2, that contains an amino-terminal Ring-finger domain. Msn specifically binds the TRAF domain of DTRAF1 but not that of DTRAF2. In Drosophila, DTRAF1 is thus a good candidate for an upstream molecule that regulates the JNK pathway by interacting with, and activating, Msn. Consistent with this idea, expression of a dominant-negative Msn mutant protein blocks the activation of JNK by DTRAF1. Furthermore, coexpression of Msn with DTRAF1 leads to the synergistic activation of JNK. We have extended some of these observations to the mammalian homolog of Msn, Nck-interacting kinase (NIK), suggesting that TRAFs also play a critical role in regulating Ste20 kinases in mammals. (+info)

Vac1p coordinates Rab and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling in Vps45p-dependent vesicle docking/fusion at the endosome. (2/25200)

The vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mediates transport of vacuolar protein precursors from the late Golgi to the lysosome-like vacuole. Sorting of some vacuolar proteins occurs via a prevacuolar endosomal compartment and mutations in a subset of VPS genes (the class D VPS genes) interfere with the Golgi-to-endosome transport step. Several of the encoded proteins, including Pep12p/Vps6p (an endosomal target (t) SNARE) and Vps45p (a Sec1p homologue), bind each other directly [1]. Another of these proteins, Vac1p/Pep7p/Vps19p, associates with Pep12p and binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI(3)P), the product of the Vps34 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) [1] [2]. Here, we demonstrate that Vac1p genetically and physically interacts with the activated, GTP-bound form of Vps21p, a Rab GTPase that functions in Golgi-to-endosome transport, and with Vps45p. These results implicate Vac1p as an effector of Vps21p and as a novel Sec1p-family-binding protein. We suggest that Vac1p functions as a multivalent adaptor protein that ensures the high fidelity of vesicle docking and fusion by integrating both phosphoinositide (Vps34p) and GTPase (Vps21p) signals, which are essential for Pep12p- and Vps45p-dependent targeting of Golgi-derived vesicles to the prevacuolar endosome. (+info)

B-MYB transactivates its own promoter through SP1-binding sites. (3/25200)

B-MYB is an ubiquitous protein required for mammalian cell growth. In this report we show that B-MYB transactivates its own promoter through a 120 bp segment proximal to the transcription start site. The B-MYB-responsive element does not contain myb-binding sites and gel-shift analysis shows that SP1, but not B-MYB, protein contained in SAOS2 cell extracts binds to the 120 bp B-myb promoter fragment. B-MYB-dependent transactivation is cooperatively increased in the presence of SP1, but not SP3 overexpression. When the SP1 elements of the B-myb promoter are transferred in front of a heterologous promoter, an increased response to B-MYB results. In contrast, c-MYB, the prototype member of the Myb family, is not able to activate the luciferase construct containing the SP1 elements. With the use of an SP1-GAL4 fusion protein, we have determined that the cooperative activation occurs through the domain A of SP1. These observations suggest that B-MYB functions as a coactivator of SP1, and that diverse combinations of myb and SP1 sites may dictate the responsiveness of myb-target genes to the various members of the myb family. (+info)

Evidence for F-actin-dependent and -independent mechanisms involved in assembly and stability of the medial actomyosin ring in fission yeast. (4/25200)

Cell division in a number of eukaryotes, including the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, is achieved through a medially placed actomyosin-based contractile ring. Although several components of the actomyosin ring have been identified, the mechanisms regulating ring assembly are still not understood. Here, we show by biochemical and mutational studies that the S.pombe actomyosin ring component Cdc4p is a light chain associated with Myo2p, a myosin II heavy chain. Localization of Myo2p to the medial ring depended on Cdc4p function, whereas localization of Cdc4p at the division site was independent of Myo2p. Interestingly, the actin-binding and motor domains of Myo2p are not required for its accumulation at the division site although the motor activity of Myo2p is essential for assembly of a normal actomyosin ring. The initial assembly of Myo2p and Cdc4p at the division site requires a functional F-actin cytoskeleton. Once established, however, F-actin is not required for the maintenance of Cdc4p and Myo2p medial rings, suggesting that the attachment of Cdc4p and Myo2p to the division site involves proteins other than actin itself. (+info)

The exocyst is an effector for Sec4p, targeting secretory vesicles to sites of exocytosis. (5/25200)

Polarized secretion requires proper targeting of secretory vesicles to specific sites on the plasma membrane. Here we report that the exocyst complex plays a key role in vesicle targeting. Sec15p, an exocyst component, can associate with secretory vesicles and interact specifically with the rab GTPase, Sec4p, in its GTP-bound form. A chain of protein-protein interactions leads from Sec4p and Sec15p on the vesicle, through various subunits of the exocyst, to Sec3p, which marks the sites of exocytosis on the plasma membrane. Sec4p may control the assembly of the exocyst. The exocyst may therefore function as a rab effector system for targeted secretion. (+info)

Cooperative binding of heat shock factor to the yeast HSP82 promoter in vivo and in vitro. (6/25200)

Previous work has shown that heat shock factor (HSF) plays a central role in remodeling the chromatin structure of the yeast HSP82 promoter via constitutive interactions with its high-affinity binding site, heat shock element 1 (HSE1). The HSF-HSE1 interaction is also critical for stimulating both basal (noninduced) and induced transcription. By contrast, the function of the adjacent, inducibly occupied HSE2 and -3 is unknown. In this study, we examined the consequences of mutations in HSE1, HSE2, and HSE3 on HSF binding and transactivation. We provide evidence that in vivo, HSF binds to these three sites cooperatively. This cooperativity is seen both before and after heat shock, is required for full inducibility, and can be recapitulated in vitro on both linear and supercoiled templates. Quantitative in vitro footprinting reveals that occupancy of HSE2 and -3 by Saccharomyces cerevisiae HSF (ScHSF) is enhanced approximately 100-fold through cooperative interactions with the HSF-HSE1 complex. HSE1 point mutants, whose basal transcription is virtually abolished, are functionally compensated by cooperative interactions with HSE2 and -3 following heat shock, resulting in robust inducibility. Using a competition binding assay, we show that the affinity of recombinant HSF for the full-length HSP82 promoter is reduced nearly an order of magnitude by a single-point mutation within HSE1, paralleling the effect of these mutations on noninduced transcript levels. We propose that the remodeled chromatin phenotype previously shown for HSE1 point mutants (and lost in HSE1 deletion mutants) stems from the retention of productive, cooperative interactions between HSF and its target binding sites. (+info)

The histone acetylase PCAF is a phorbol-ester-inducible coactivator of the IRF family that confers enhanced interferon responsiveness. (7/25200)

Transcription factors of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family bind to the type I interferon (IFN)-responsive element (ISRE) and activate transcription from IFN-inducible genes. To identify cofactors that associate with IRF proteins, DNA affinity binding assays were performed with nuclear extracts prepared from tissue culture cells. The results demonstrated that the endogenous IRFs bound to the ISRE are complexed with the histone acetylases, PCAF, GCN5, and p300/CREB binding protein and that histone acetylase activities are accumulated on the IRF-ISRE complexes. By testing recombinant proteins, we show that PCAF directly binds to some but not all members of the IRF family through distinct domains of the two proteins. This interaction was functionally significant, since transfection of PCAF strongly enhanced IRF-1- and IRF-2-dependent promoter activities. Further studies showed that expression of PCAF and other histone acetylases was markedly induced in U937 cells upon phorbol ester treatment, which led to increased recruitment of PCAF to the IRF-ISRE complexes. Coinciding with the induction of histone acetylases, phorbol ester markedly enhanced IFN-alpha-stimulated gene expression in U937 cells. Supporting the role for PCAF in conferring IFN responsiveness, transfection of PCAF into U937 cells led to a large increase in IFN-alpha-inducible promoter activity. These results demonstrate that PCAF is a phorbol ester-inducible coactivator of the IRF proteins which contributes to the establishment of type I IFN responsiveness. (+info)

The 3'-->5' exonucleases of DNA polymerases delta and epsilon and the 5'-->3' exonuclease Exo1 have major roles in postreplication mutation avoidance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (8/25200)

Replication fidelity is controlled by DNA polymerase proofreading and postreplication mismatch repair. We have genetically characterized the roles of the 5'-->3' Exo1 and the 3'-->5' DNA polymerase exonucleases in mismatch repair in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by using various genetic backgrounds and highly sensitive mutation detection systems that are based on long and short homonucleotide runs. Genetic interactions were examined among DNA polymerase epsilon (pol2-4) and delta (pol3-01) mutants defective in 3'-->5' proofreading exonuclease, mutants defective in the 5'-->3' exonuclease Exo1, and mismatch repair mutants (msh2, msh3, or msh6). These three exonucleases play an important role in mutation avoidance. Surprisingly, the mutation rate in an exo1 pol3-01 mutant was comparable to that in an msh2 pol3-01 mutant, suggesting that they participate directly in postreplication mismatch repair as well as in other DNA metabolic processes. (+info)

Cell cycle, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes, Proteins). ... Mad1 is a non-essential protein which in yeast has a function ... By biochemical methods Mad1 was predicted to encode a 90kD, 718-residue, coiled-coil protein with a characteristic rod shape in ... Chen RH, Shevchenko A, Mann M, Murray AW (1998). "Spindle Checkpoint Protein Xmad1 Recruits Xmad2 to Unattached Kinetochores". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad1

Fungal proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes, RNA splicing). ... Prp8 protein is coded by a single gene in humans with 42 exons ... The Prp8 protein is a large, highly conserved, and unique protein that resides in the catalytic core of the spliceosome and has ... All of the snRNPs together contribute about 50 proteins to the core spliceosome. The Prp8 gene encodes for a protein that is a ... that tags the protein to be moved to the cell nucleus. The crystal structure of Prp8 protein (residues 885-2413) reveals ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prp8

"The predominant protein-arginine methyltransferase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (21): 12585-94. doi: ... Proteins in eukaryotic transcription. Advances in Protein Chemistry. Vol. 67. Amsterdam: Elsevier Academic Press. pp. 201-222. ... As indicated by their monikers, these differ in the presence of a SET domain, which is a type of protein domain. Human genes ... A possible homolog of Dot1 was found in archaea which shows the ability to methylate archaeal histone-like protein in recent ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_methyltransferase

Protein pages needing a picture, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes). ... APCCdc20 is a ubiquitin-protein ligase that tags the protein, securin, for destruction. Securin destruction liberates and ... Mad2 uses the same site to bind either Mad1 or Cdc20 and, thus, can only bind one of the two proteins at a time. Since ... The protein was shown to be present at unattached kinetochores and antibody inhibition studies demonstrated it was essential to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad2

Protein pages needing a picture, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes). ... BCK2, also named CTR7, is an early cell cycle regulator expressed by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It was first ... Epstein CB, Cross FR (March 1994). "Genes that can bypass the CLN requirement for Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle START". ... BCK2 encodes a 93.7 kDa protein that is 851 amino acids long. The protein is serine/threonine-rich. The expression of BCK2 with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BCK2

... is a cytosolic protein found in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) which plays a role in the regulation of several cellular ... "Membrane properties modulate the activity of a phosphatidylinositol transfer protein from the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ... "Crystal structure of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae phosphatidylinositol-transfer protein". Nature. 391 (6666): 506-10. Bibcode: ... From this, functional Sec14p likely plays a role in some pathway responsible for cellular export of certain proteins. Protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sec14

September 2012). "Interaction landscape of membrane-protein complexes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Nature. 489 (7417): 585-9. ... "Epigenetics in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Epigenetics. 1. Cold Spring Harbor Press, 2007. Morgan, David O. (2007). The Cell ... S. cerevisiae has 16 chromosomes, S. pombe has 3. S. cerevisiae is often diploid while S. pombe is usually haploid. S. pombe ... Conversely, S. cerevisiae has well-developed peroxisomes, while S. pombe does not. S. cerevisiae has small point centromere of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizosaccharomyces_pombe

Hardwick, KG; Pelham, HR (April 25, 1990). "ERS1 a seven transmembrane domain protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Nucleic ... All proteins in the LCT family are distantly related to the proteins of the microbial rhodopsin (MR) family (TC #3.E.1), an ... These proteins are found in intracellular organelles of eukaryotes, many in lysosomes. The few that have been characterized ... Kalatzis, V; Cherqui, S; Antignac, C; Gasnier, B (November 1, 2001). "Cystinosin, the protein defective in cystinosis, is a H ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysosomal_cystine_transporter_family

Protein pages needing a picture, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes, DNA-binding proteins). ... Z-DNA binding protein 1, also known as Zuotin, is a Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast gene. Zuo1 has been identified in vitro as a ... a putative Z-DNA binding protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". The EMBO Journal. 11 (10): 3787-96. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992 ... "Transfer RNA binding protein in the nucleus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae". FEBS Letters. 349 (2): 260-4. doi:10.1016/0014-5793( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuotin

March 2006). "Global landscape of protein complexes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Nature. 440 (7084): 637-43. Bibcode ... ExPASy Tools [3] [A Novel Solution NMR Structure of Protein yst0336 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ ... A Novel Solution NMR Structure of Protein yst0336 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/mmdb/ ... Furthermore, multiple proteins were involved in ubiquitination. Some of the interacting yeast proteins with the higher ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PBDC1

This gene encodes a protein related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nhp2p. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have ... The H/ACA snoRNPs also include the DKC1, NOLA1 and NOLA3 proteins. These four H/ACA snoRNP proteins localize to the dense ... H/ACA ribonucleoprotein complex subunit 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NHP2 gene. This gene is a member of the ... Both 18S rRNA production and rRNA pseudouridylation are impaired if any one of the four proteins is depleted. The four H/ACA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOLA2

Protein pages needing a picture, Fungal proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes). ... Moore SA (July 1988). "Kinetic evidence for a critical rate of protein synthesis in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell ... The CLN3 gene was originally identified as the whi1-1 allele in a screen for small size mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( ... Tyers M, Tokiwa G, Futcher B (May 1993). "Comparison of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae G1 cyclins: Cln3 may be an upstream ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cln3

Protein pages needing a picture, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes, Fungal proteins). ... In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pib2 has been shown to be involved in regulating TORC1 signaling. Pib2 is found at the yeast ... LMP also occurs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae during sporulation. Pib2 has been implicated in the regulation of this process in ... Phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate-binding protein 2 (Pib2) is a yeast protein involved in the regulation of TORC1 signaling and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pib2

Zhang, Shuguang (October 11, 1992). "Zuotin, a putative Z-DNA binding protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". The EMBO Journal. ... In 2011, Shuguang Zhang started to design membrane proteins, because there are ~26% of genes that code for membrane proteins in ... In 1990, Shuguang Zhang made a serendipitous discovery of a self-assembling peptide in yeast protein Zuotin. This discovery led ... Trafton, Anne (August 28, 2018). "Scientists alter membrane proteins to make them easier to study". Phys.org. Fagerberg, Linn; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuguang_Zhang

... p is one of many helicase proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Rrm3p a DNA helicase that unwinds DNA in a 5'-to-3' ... Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast) - RRM3 gene & protein". www.uniprot.org. Retrieved 2017- ... "The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Helicase Rrm3p Facilitates Replication Past Nonhistone Protein-DNA Complexes". Molecular Cell. 12 ... "RRM3 Rrm3p [Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C] - Gene - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-25. Torres, Jorge Z.; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RRM3

The protein is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and several eukaryotes. In Saccharomyces the Vts1 impacts vesicular transport ... Protein-protein interactions through SAM domains participate in different regulatory activities such as signal transduction. ... "Parallel phenotypic analysis of sporulation and postgermination growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Proceedings of the ... Proteins having such domains were also shown to recognize and interact with RNA structures of similar shape to the Smaug ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vts1

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae NatA acetyltransferase interacts with the Sup35p protein. It is involved in the reaction of the [ ... "Properties of Nat4, an N{alpha}-Acetyltransferase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae That Modifies N Termini of Histones H2A and H4 - ... This acetyl group is added to the front end, or N-terminus of the new protein. Forty percent of all proteins in the yeast ... NatA Acetyltransferase is not a single protein but a complex of three subunits. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NatA_acetyltransferase

"The PhosphoGRID Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein phosphorylation site database: version 2.0 update". Database. 2013: bat026. ... a database of experimentally verified in vivo protein phosphorylation sites from the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae". ... The BioGRID's original focus was on curation of binary protein-protein and genetic interactions, but has expanded over several ... The Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets (BioGRID) is a curated biological database of protein-protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BioGRID

Many early studies, especially in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, demonstrated that the protein plays a key role in ... "Systematic identification of protein complexes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by mass spectrometry". Nature. 415 (6868): 180-183. ... Also, while the protein regulates the Cdk1 ortholog of S. pombe, this occurs through a process unlike that of S. cerevisiae; it ... In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the species in which Cdc14 activity is best understood and most-studied, the activity of Cdc14 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cdc14

v t e (Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes, All stub articles, Protein stubs). ... "Upstream activation factor subunit UAF30 - UAF30 - Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast)". ... "RNA polymerase I upstream activating factor complex". Saccharomyces Genome Database. Stanford University. Retrieved 13 August ... is a protein found in baker's yeast, strain ATCC 204508/S288c. It is found on the gene UAF30. " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upstream_activating_factor

... is a serine/threonine protein kinase first identified in genetic screens of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The protein is bound ... Roberts BT, Farr KA, Hoyt MA (Dec 1994). "The Saccharomyces cerevisiae checkpoint gene BUB1 encodes a novel protein kinase". ... The mitotic checkpoint kinase is evolutionarily conserved in organisms as diverse as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and humans. Loss- ... The N-terminal region mediates binding of Hs-BUB1 to the mitotic kinetochore protein blinkin (a protein also commonly referred ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BUB1

"Removal of frameshift intermediates by mismatch repair proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Molecular and Cellular Biology. ... This leads to a premature stop codon, shortening the protein that is supposed to be transcribed. When the protein is able to ... aligns a protein against a DNA sequence allowing frameshifts and introns FastY - compare a DNA sequence to a protein sequence ... An incorrectly made protein can have detrimental effects on cell viability and in most cases cause the higher organism to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frameshift_mutation

"FK506-binding protein proline rotamase is a target for the immunosuppressive agent FK506 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Proc ... "Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase regulates pseudohyphal differentiation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Mol Cell Biol. 19 (7 ... Pioneering research with the model budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae discovered TOR and FKBP12 as the targets of the ... G protein-coupled receptor Gpr1 is a nutrient sensor that regulates pseudohyphal differentiation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Heitman

"RNase H2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a complex of three proteins". Nucleic Acids Research. 32 (2): 407-14. doi:10.1093/nar/ ... The S. cerevisiae homolog of the E. coli protein (that is, the H2A subunit) was easily identifiable by bioinformatics when the ... Crouch RJ, Arudchandran A, Cerritelli SM (2001-01-01). "RNase H1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: methods and nomenclature". ... The B subunit mediates protein-protein interactions between the H2 complex and PCNA, which localizes H2 to replication foci. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribonuclease_H

"URA3 gene". S. cerevisiae database. 2018. (Protein pages needing a picture, Molecular biology, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes) ... URA3 is a gene on chromosome V in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast). Its systematic name is YEL021W. URA3 is often used in yeast ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URA3

An endonuclease from organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Mus81-Mms4, has been found to interact with a protein labeled Crp1 that ... Rass U, Kemper B (November 2002). "Crp1p, a new cruciform DNA-binding protein in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Journal ... Crp1 was separately identified as a cruciform-binding protein in S. cerevisiae because it had a high affinity to target ... Phung HT, Tran DH, Nguyen TX (September 2020). "Saccharomyces cerevisiae". FEBS Letters. 594 (24): 4320-4337. doi:10.1002/1873- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruciform_DNA

Studies on mitochondria DNA nucleoids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: identification of bifunctional proteins. In Genetics and ... Mitochondrial matrix protein P1, P60 lymphocyte protein, HSPD1 Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is a mitochondrial chaperonin that ... In extensive studies of HSP60 activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, scientists have proposed that HSP60 binds preferentially to ... The role of the phage encoded gp31 protein appears be to interact with the E. coli host encoded GroEL protein to assist in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GroEL

"Identification of novel filament-forming proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila melanogaster". The Journal of Cell ... These include bacteria (C. crescentus), yeast (S. cerevisiae), fruit flies (D. melanogaster) and human cells. These filamentous ... a nucleotide-regulated glutamine amidotransferase/ATP-dependent amidoligase fusion protein and homologue of anticancer and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CTP_synthetase

"Nuclear and nucleolar localization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ribosomal proteins S22 and S25". FEBS Letters. 452 (3): 335-40. ... Phyre2 found the most similar protein to be the human protein NDC80 kinetochore complex component, a nuclear protein that binds ... signaling proteins, and protein degradation; in fact, the older group has the higher expression of FAM98A in low protein diets ... in both young and old men with high or low protein diets, the expression levels were measured as a ratio of low/high protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FAM98A

Cai J, Zhao R, Jiang H, Wang W (May 2008). "De novo origination of a new protein-coding gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". ... Li L, Foster CM, Gan Q, Nettleton D, James MG, Myers AM, Wurtele ES (May 2009). "Identification of the novel protein QQS as a ... The QQS orphan protein interacts with a conserved transcription factor, these data explain the compositional changes (increased ... January 2014). "NCYM, a Cis-antisense gene of MYCN, encodes a de novo evolved protein that inhibits GSK3β resulting in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orphan_gene

In 2005, integral membrane proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were analyzed using the mating-based ubiquitin system (mbSUS). ... To test protein-protein interaction, the targeted protein cDNA and query protein cDNA were immobilized in a same coated slide. ... protein A is inactivated by protein B then the phenotypes will differ depending on which protein is inhibited (inhibit protein ... forms a protein-protein interaction with the ribonuclease protein. The contacts between the two proteins are shown as coloured ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein–protein_interaction

Ta opažanja so v nasprotju z izsledki na kvasovkah Saccharomyces cerevisiae[139], situacija pri sesalcih pa je še manj jasna.[ ... Stadtman E (1992). "Protein oxidation and aging". Science. 257 (5074): 1220-4. doi:10.1126/science.1355616. PMID 1355616.. ... "Higher respiratory activity decreases mitochondrial reactive oxygen release and increases life span in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ... Sohal R (2002). "Role of oxidative stress and protein oxidation in the aging process". Free Radic Biol Med. 33 (1): 37-44. doi: ...

https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antioksidanti

The Ehrlich pathway for fusel alcohol production: a century of research on Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism. Applied and ... Solvent fractionation of leaf juice to prepare green and white protein products. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture ... Preparation of lipid-free protein extracts of egg yolk. Analytical Biochemistry. 1978, s. 75-81. DOI 10.1016/0003-2697(78)90817 ...

https://cs.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butan-1-ol

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the regulation of ScCts1p (S. cerevisiae chitinase 1), one of the chitinases involved in cell ... October 2001). "Antifungal proteins and other mechanisms in the control of sorghum stalk rot and grain mold". Journal of ... "Chitinase is required for cell separation during growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 266 ... Specifically, Cts1 expression has to be activated in daughter cells during late mitosis and the protein has to localize at the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitinase

"Hsp42 is required for sequestration of protein aggregates into deposition sites in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". J. Cell Biol. 195 ... Hsp104, Hsp100 Saccharomyces cerevisiae, neophodan je za razmnožavanje mnogih priona kvasca. Delecija gena HSP104 rezultira ... Za njih se izvorno mislilo da se stežu na svoj supstratni protein (poznat i kao klijentski protein) nakon vezanja ATP-a, ... Ellis RJ (2007). Protein misassembly: macromolecular crowding and molecular chaperones. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. Advances in ...

https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Šaperon

Kvasac (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) je dugo bio važan model organizam u eukariotskim ćelijama, dok je voćna mušica Drosophila ... gen za protein-omotač bakteriofaga (Bakteriofag MS2). Fierova grupa je proširila svoj rad na proteinskom omotaču MS2, odredivši ... Zatim je (1992.) prvi sekvencirani eukariotski hromosom] bio hromosom III pivskog kvasca (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) sa 315 kb. ... Evrope i Japana najavio je završetak prvog potpuno sekvenciranog genoma eukariota Saccharomyces cerevisiae (12,1 Mb), a od tada ...

https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomika

Exposure of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to DNA damaging agents results in overlapping but distinct transcriptional profiles ... In E. coli , the proteins involved are the Mut class proteins: MutS, MutL, and MutH. In most Eukaryotes, the analog for MutS is ... A class of checkpoint mediator proteins including BRCA1, MDC1, and 53BP1 has also been identified.[55] These proteins seem to ... Checkpoint Proteins can be separated into four groups: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-like protein kinase, proliferating ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_repair

Pediculus humanus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondria". Biology Direct. 6: 55. doi:10.1186/1745-6150-6-55. PMC 3214132. ... Proteins created by mitochondria and chloroplasts use N-formylmethionine as the initiating amino acid, as do proteins created ... The hydrophobicity hypothesis states that highly hydrophobic (water hating) proteins (such as the membrane bound proteins ... Transport proteins called porins are found in the outer membranes of mitochondria and chloroplasts and are also found in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbiogenesis

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (fungi) 12.068.000 12 Mb 5.885 486 16 Genom eukariota yang pertama disekuensing, 1996.[22] ... Protein ini menjadi komponen pembentuk tubuh organisme atau memiliki kemampuan membuat komponen pembentuk tubuh tersebut atau ... Genom khamir bersel tunggal Saccharomyces cerevisiae (tergolong fungi), misalnya, berukuran sekitar 12 Mb, sedangkan kebanyakan ... urutan nukleotida komponen penyusun asam nukleat digunakan untuk membuat semua protein pada suatu organisme pada waktu dan ...

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materi_genetik

8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of ... By impact on protein sequence[edit]. The structure of a eukaryotic protein-coding gene. A mutation in the protein coding region ... The compensatory mutation can occur in the same protein or in another protein with which it interacts [112]. ... Thus, compensatory mutations can bring novelty to proteins by forging new pathways of protein evolution : it allows individuals ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_mutation

... of a Candida albicans RP10 gene which encodes an immunogenic protein homologous to Saccharomyces cerevisiae ribosomal protein ... Cell Wall-Related Bionumbers and Bioestimates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans. Eukaryot Cell. 2014, 13 (1): 2- ... Protein-protein interactions for Candida albicans （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） ... Saccharomyces Genome Database）修改而來，許多開發者過去也曾

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/白色念珠菌

In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the nuclear genes Rad51p, Rad52p and Rad59p encode proteins that are necessary for ... Deletions that do not occur in multiples of three bases can cause a frameshift by changing the 3-nucleotide protein reading ... Epistasis Group Contribute to Mitochondrial Homologous Recombination and Double-Strand Break Repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ... producing a severely altered and potentially nonfunctional protein. In contrast, a deletion that is evenly divisible by three ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_deletion

... s contain yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is incorporated during predough formation. When oxygen is abundant, ... Gluten proteins affect the water absorption and viscoelastic properties of the predough.[24] The role of proteins can be ... Hydrated glutenin proteins in particular help form a polymeric protein network that makes the dough more cohesive. On the other ... The effect of gluten proteins during cooling and storage is still unclear. It is possible that gluten proteins influence ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croissant

Traditionally, baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), has long been used in the brewery industry to produce ethanol from ... from the hydrolysate is vital to increase the economic competitiveness of cellulosic ethanol and potentially biobased proteins. ... The researchers created a recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain that was able to: *hydrolyze hemicellulase through ... Besides Saccharomyces cerevisiae, microorganisms such as Zymomonas mobilis and Escherichia coli have been targeted through ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulosic_ethanol

... namely Asp91 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Repulsion between the negative charges would raise the energy value near the ... "A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome". Cell. 122 (6): 957-68. doi:10.1016/j.cell ... It is believed that the two separate catalytic sites fused into a single protein to stabilize its monomeric form. The covalent ... Homo sapiens OPRTase and ODCase activities lower to a greater extent when heated than the fused protein does. To determine the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uridine_monophosphate_synthase

"Cloning of the late genes in the ergosterol biosynthetic pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae--a review". Lipids. 30 (3): 221-6 ... Proteins are made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain joined by peptide bonds. Many proteins are enzymes that catalyze ... In prokaryotes, these proteins are found in the cell's inner membrane. These proteins use the energy from reduced molecules ... Amino acids are made into proteins by being joined in a chain of peptide bonds. Each different protein has a unique sequence of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolism

... A from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Merck KGaA Zymosan at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings ( ... Zymosan is prepared from yeast cell wall and consists of protein-carbohydrate complexes. It is used to induce experimental ... protein phosphorylation, and inositol phosphate formation. Zymosan A also raises cyclin D2 levels suggesting a role for the ... and zymosan-induced NF-kappa B activation and TNF-alpha secretion are down-regulated by lung collectin surfactant protein A". J ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zymosan

Recent evidence of crystal structures of proteasomes isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae suggests that the catalytically ... To recognize protein as designated substrate, 19S complex has subunits that are capable to recognize proteins with a special ... Accordingly, misfolded proteins and damaged protein need to be continuously removed to recycle amino acids for new synthesis; ... The 19S regulatory particles can recognize ubiquitin-labeled protein as degradation substrate, unfold the protein to linear, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSMD7

... a novel p130cas-like docking protein, associates with focal adhesion kinase and induces pseudohyphal growth in Saccharomyces ... cerevisiae". Mol. Cell. Biol. 16 (7): 3327-37. doi:10.1128/mcb.16.7.3327. PMC 231327. PMID 8668148. Koch A, Mancini A, Stefan M ... Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 also known as ABL1 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ABL1 gene (previous symbol ABL ... Welch PJ, Wang JY (November 1993). "A C-terminal protein-binding domain in the retinoblastoma protein regulates nuclear c-Abl ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABL_(gene)

Ryley J, Pereira-Smith OM (2006). "Microfluidics device for single cell gene expression analysis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". ... Free radicals can damage proteins, lipids or DNA. Glycation mainly damages proteins. Damaged proteins and lipids accumulate in ... ranging from the simple budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to worms such as Caenorhabditis elegans and fruit flies ( ... Chemical damage to structural proteins can lead to loss of function; for example, damage to collagen of blood vessel walls can ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senescence

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the DEAD-like helicase superfamily. It shares similarity with Saccharomyces ... cerevisiae RAD54 and RDH54, both of which are involved in homologous recombination and repair of DNA. This protein binds to ... DNA repair and recombination protein RAD54B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAD54B gene. ... 2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAD54B

Yates in which they used shotgun proteomics on the proteome of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain grown to mid-log phase. They ... including low-abundance proteins like transcription factors and protein kinases. They were also able to identify 131 proteins ... aberrant proteins, and membrane proteins. Shotgun proteomics emerged as a method that could resolve even these proteins. ... Cells containing the protein complement desired are grown. Proteins are then extracted from the mixture and digested with a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shotgun_proteomics

Many of the relevant genes were first identified by studying yeast, especially Saccharomyces cerevisiae; genetic nomenclature ... Two families of genes, the cip/kip (CDK interacting protein/Kinase inhibitory protein) family and the INK4a/ARF (Inhibitor of ... Several gene expression studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have identified 800-1200 genes that change expression over the ... Analyses of synchronized cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae under conditions that prevent DNA replication initiation without ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_cycle

Iwahashi Y, Hitoshio A, Tajima N, Nakamura T (Apr 1989). "Characterization of NADH kinase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae". ... "A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome". Cell. 122 (6): 957-68. doi:10.1016/j.cell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NAD _kinase

This system uses Saccharomyces cerevisiae with transgenes from Papaver somniferum (the opium poppy) and Pseudomonas putida to ... After oxycodone binds to the MOR, a G protein-complex is released, which inhibits the release of neurotransmitters by the cell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxycodone

... cloned the CDC28 gene from the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. As a group leader in Cambridge Nasmyth became interested ... Michaelis, C.; Ciosk, R.; Nasmyth, K. (3 October 1997). "Cohesins: chromosomal proteins that prevent premature separation of ... Together with Kelly Tatchell he cloned the S. cerevisiae mating-type locus and found, surprisingly, that 'silent' copies of the ... Cerevisiae". Cell. 79 (2): 233-44. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90193-7. PMID 7954792. S2CID 34939988. "Jan Nasmyth". Daily ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Nasmyth

Herskowitz I, Marsh L (1988). "STE2 protein of Saccharomyces kluyveri is a member of the rhodopsin/beta-adrenergic receptor ... October 2001). "Structure and topology of a peptide segment of the 6th transmembrane domain of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ... Protein domains, Protein families, Membrane proteins, All stub articles, Transmembrane receptor stubs). ... cell type-specific sterile genes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae". EMBO J. 4 (10): 2643-2648. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungal_mating_pheromone_receptors

Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Cryptococcus neoformans. Histatins also precipitate tannins from solution, thus preventing ... Histatins are antimicrobial and antifungal proteins, and have been found to play a role in wound-closure. A significant source ... The structure of histatin is unique depending on whether the protein of interest is histatin 1, 3 or 5. Nonetheless, histatins ... Shimada T (June 2006). "Salivary proteins as a defense against dietary tannins". Journal of Chemical Ecology. 32 (6): 1149-63. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histatin

... bond formation and elucidated how disulfide bond formation controls the nuclear localization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ... Her research group demonstrated that one such small protein, AcrZ, binds to the multidrug efflux pump protein AcrB to affect ... Hobbs, E. C., Yin, X., Paul, B. J., Astarita, J. L. and Storz, G. (2012) A conserved small protein associates with the AcrB ... Hemm, M. R., Paul, B. J., Schneider, T. D., Storz, G. and Rudd, K. E. (2008) Small membrane proteins found by comparative ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gisela_Storz

"Mutational analysis of NHAoc/NHA2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects. 1800 ( ... Solute carrier family 9, subfamily B (NHA2, cation proton antiporter 2), member 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ... "Proteomic profile of osteoclast membrane proteins: identification of Na+/H+ exchanger domain containing 2 and its role in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SLC9B2

ER stress triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR) to restore ER homeostasis. Here, we provide a modified protoco … ... stress is defined by the accumulation of unfolded proteins at the ER and perturbation at the ER membrane, known as lipid ... Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins* / chemistry * Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins* / genetics * Saccharomyces cerevisiae ... genetic screening protocol to measure lipid bilayer stress-induced unfolded protein response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae STAR ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34647040/

Saccharomyces cerevisiae*cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. *cdc42 GTP Binding Protein, Saccharomyces ... Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins [D12.776.354.750]. *cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein, Saccharomyces cerevisiae [D12.776.354.750.249] ... cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein [D12.776.157.325.515.700.050]. *cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein, Saccharomyces cerevisiae [D12.776.157.325. ... rho GTP-Binding Proteins [D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.700]. *cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein, Saccharomyces cerevisiae [D08.811. ...

https://connects.catalyst.harvard.edu/Profiles/display/Concept/cdc42%20GTP-Binding%20Protein,%20Saccharomyces%20cerevisiae

Quantitative proteomics reveal proteins enriched in tubular endoplasmic reticulum of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ... Quantitative proteomics reveal proteins enriched in tubular endoplasmic reticulum of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ... Quantitative proteomics reveal proteins enriched in tubular endoplasmic reticulum of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ... Here, we isolated tubule-based microsomes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae via classical cell fractionation and detergent-free ...

https://elifesciences.org/articles/23816v1

Here we demonstrate quantitatively that protein complexes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are comprised of a core in ... Here we demonstrate quantitatively that protein complexes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are comprised of a core in ... Here we demonstrate quantitatively that protein complexes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are comprised of a core in ... Here we demonstrate quantitatively that protein complexes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are comprised of a core in ...

https://experts.umn.edu/en/publications/bioinformatics-analysis-of-experimentally-determined-protein-comp

Müller, Günter; Bandlow, Wolfhard (1991): Two lipid-anchored cAMP-binding proteins in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are ... unrelated to the R subunit of cytoplasmic protein kinase A. In: European Journal of Biochemistry, Vol. 202, No. 2: pp. 299-308 ...

https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8687/

Are Differentially Involved in Invasive and Pseudohyphal Growth Independent of the Filamentation Mitogen-Activated Protein ... Saccharomyces Cerevisiae G1 Cyclins Are Differentially Involved in Invasive and Pseudohyphal Growth Independent of the ... Resources relating to Saccharomyces Cerevisiae G1 Cyclins Are Differentially Involved in Invasive and Pseudohyphal Growth ...

https://www.dechert.com/knowledge/publication/1999/1/saccharomyces-cerevisiae-g1-cyclins-are-differentially-involved.html

"Moderate expression of SEC16 increases protein secretion by Saccharomyces cerevisiae",. abstract = "The yeast Saccharomyces ... The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is widely used to produce biopharmaceutical proteins. However, the limited capacity of the ... N2 - The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is widely used to produce biopharmaceutical proteins. However, the limited capacity of ... AB - The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is widely used to produce biopharmaceutical proteins. However, the limited capacity of ...

https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/moderate-expression-of-sec16-increases-protein-secretion-by-sacch

HMO1 is one of 10 Saccharomyces cerevisiae HMGB proteins, and it is required for normal growth and plasmid maintenance and for ... proteins are architectural proteins whose HMG DNA binding domains confer significant preference for distorted DNA, such as 4- ... HMO1 is one of 10 Saccharomyces cerevisiae HMGB proteins, and it is required for normal growth and plasmid maintenance and for ... The Saccharomyces cerevisiae high mobility group box protein HMO1 contains two functional DNA binding domains ...

https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/biosci_pubs/1377/

... , Eukaryotic Cell, September 2013, ASM Journals, DOI: ...

https://www.growkudos.com/publications/10.1128%25252Fec.00241-13/reader

Regulation of myristoylCoA pools in Saccharomyces cerevisiae plays an important role in modulating the activity of myristoylCoA ... Isolation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae long chain fatty acyl:CoA synthetase gene (FAA1) and assessment of its role in protein ... Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains four fatty acid activation (FAA) genes: an assessment of their role in regulating protein N- ... Isolation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae long chain fatty acyl:CoA synthetase gene (FAA1) and assessment of its role in protein ...

https://rupress.org/jcb/article/117/3/515/20331/Isolation-of-a-Saccharomyces-cerevisiae-long-chain

Small toxic protein encoded on chromosome VII of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PloS one. 2015 Mar 17;10(3):e0120678. doi: 10.1371/ ... Small toxic protein encoded on chromosome VII of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Koji Makanae, Reiko Kintaka, Koji Ishikawa, Hisao ... Small toxic protein encoded on chromosome VII of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In: PloS one. 2015 ; Vol. 10, No. 3. ... Small toxic protein encoded on chromosome VII of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. / Makanae, Koji; Kintaka, Reiko; Ishikawa, Koji et ...

https://okayama.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/small-toxic-protein-encoded-on-chromosome-vii-of-saccharomyces-ce

Significance of the MICOS Protein Complex on the Frequency of Spontaneous Cellular Respiration Loss in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ... In order to prevent mutations, there are genes that present proteins involved in DNA repair mechanisms. Response to DNA damage ... controlling protein transport, mitochondrial DNA transcription, and the connection between the inner and outer mitochondrial ...

https://soar.suny.edu/handle/20.500.12648/7875

Kumar S. Essential components of mitochondrial protein import apparatus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Indian Journal of ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/57604

Werner, Stefan (2021): A novel approach to measure local protein translation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Open Access ... As most proteins arrive their destination after seconds or minutes, the location where the protein was formed by translation of ... Protein localization in living cells is typically investigated by fusion with the autofluorescent protein GFP. However, since ... Once in the tip of the daughter cell, the mRNA is translated into protein. I was able to show that this happens not only at the ...

https://oparu.uni-ulm.de/xmlui/handle/123456789/40574

The L1 proteins are produced by fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast; 9vHPV vaccine contains yeast protein. 9vHPV ... Both 4vHPV and 9vHPV are produced using Saccharomyces cerevisiae (bakers yeast) and thus are contraindicated for persons with ... The antigen for HPV vaccines is the L1 major capsid protein of HPV, produced by using recombinant DNA technology. L1 proteins ... A 9-valent recombinant protein subunit HPV vaccine (9vHPV, Gardasil 9) is licensed for use and is currently distributed in the ...

https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/hpv.html

please contact us to order other different size ...

http://hla-a.com/all-product/2230-mybiosource/2587-recombinant-saccharomyces-cerevisiae-uncharacterized-protein-yor293c-a-yor293c-a

Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- Di truyền học. -. dc.title. The Identification and Characterization of Proteins Required for ... These residues are also important for an interaction between the ENTH domain and GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) for the ... The studies presented in this work focus on identifying novel proteins involved in endocytosis and characterizing their role in ... Endocytosis requires the coordinated activity of many protein factors, and the specific mechanisms employed by the cell for ...

https://ir.vnulib.edu.vn/handle/123456789/1173?mode=full

... Academic Article ... We found that the majority of Tor2p associates with a membrane-bound compartment along with at least four other proteins, Avo1p ... In contrast, we find that Kog1, the yeast homologue of the mammalian Tor regulatory protein Raptor, interacts preferentially ...

https://vivo.scripps.edu/display/endnote299185

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad1

Interaction landscape of membrane-protein complexes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae p.585 doi: 10.1038/nature11354 ... Single protein loops can mediate extremely high-affinity binding, but it is unclear whether such a mechanism is available to ... Immune recognition of protein antigens relies on the combined interaction of multiple antibody loops, which provide a fairly ... large footprint and constrain the size and shape of protein surfaces that can be targeted. ...

https://www.natureasia.com/ko-kr/nature/toc/489/7417

Categories: Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...

https://phil.cdc.gov/AdvancedSearchResults.aspx?Search=Saccharomyces+cerevisiae+Proteins&parentid=11148&catid=39473

A functional core of the mitochondrial genome maintenance protein Mgm101p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae determined with a ... Analysis of Mgm101p isolated from mitochondria shows that the mature protein of 27.6 kDa lacks 22 amino acids from the N- ... Searches in the PFAM database revealed a low level of structural similarity between the active core and the Rad52 protein ... Random mutagenesis confirms that certain critical amino acids required for function are invariant across the 23 proteins. ...

https://www.singerinstruments.com/citation/a-functional-core-of-the-mitochondrial-genome-maintenance-protein-mgm101p-in-saccharomyces-cerevisiae-determined-with-a-temperature-conditional-allele/

... cerevisiae Mdm38 interacts with mitochondrial ribosomes and is a component of the inner membrane mitochondrial protein export ...

http://arrow.latrobe.edu.au:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/latrobe:2382

Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on growth, protein and total and free amino acid composition of freshwater rotifer Brachionus ... Effect of alga chlorella vulgaris and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, on growth, protein and total and free amino acid ... Effect of alga chlorella vulgaris and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, on growth, protein and total and free amino acid ... Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on growth, protein and total and free amino acid composition of freshwater rotifer Brachionus ...

https://jfst.modares.ac.ir/article-6-9410-en.html

A Novel Inositol Pyrophosphate Phosphatase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Siw14 Protein selectively cleaves the β-Phosphate from ... T1 - A Novel Inositol Pyrophosphate Phosphatase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. T2 - Siw14 Protein selectively cleaves the β- ... A Novel Inositol Pyrophosphate Phosphatase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Siw14 Protein selectively cleaves the β-Phosphate from ... Dive into the research topics of A Novel Inositol Pyrophosphate Phosphatase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Siw14 Protein ...

https://einstein.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/a-novel-inositol-pyrophosphate-phosphatase-in-saccharomyces-cerev

Binding of proteins from the large ribosomal subunits to 5.8 S rRNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. / Lee, J. C.; Henry, B.; Yeh, ... Binding of proteins from the large ribosomal subunits to 5.8 S rRNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Journal of Biological ... title = "Binding of proteins from the large ribosomal subunits to 5.8 S rRNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae", ... Binding of proteins from the large ribosomal subunits to 5.8 S rRNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ...

https://scholars.uthscsa.edu/en/publications/binding-of-proteins-from-the-large-ribosomal-subunits-to-58-s-rrn

Kerr, Gary W. (2013) The role of protein phosphatase PP2ACdc55 during meiosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PhD thesis, ...

http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/57913/

In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the overexpression of Ser/Thr phosphatase Ppz1 drastically blocks cell proliferation, ... Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ppz1 is a type 1-related Ser/Thr protein phosphatase (692-aminoacid residues) composed of a C-terminal ... Offley, S.R.; Schmidt, M.C. Protein phosphatases of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Curr. Genet. 2019, 65, 41-55. [Google Scholar] [ ... Merchan, S.; Bernal, D.; Serrano, R.; Yenush, L. Response of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mpk1 mitogen-activated protein kinase ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/12/1010

Synthesis of recombinant human parainfluenza virus 1 and 3 nucleocapsid proteins in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Virus Res. ... The aforementioned BPIV/HPIV-3 virus has been modified to express RSV F protein alone or both the F and G proteins. This ... In order to overcome this limitation, subunit vaccines that target the HPIV-3 HN and F proteins are being investigated. In a ... Development of an HPIV-2 vaccine is being attempted; in preclinical studies, L protein has been identified as the major target ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/224708-treatment

In order to prevent mutations, there are genes that present proteins involved in DNA repair mechanisms. (suny.edu)
Most of these had no N-terminal mitochondrial localization signal and were evolutionarily young "emerging genes" that exist only in S. cerevisiae. (elsevier.com)
We identified 95 MADS-box genes, analyzed the structure and protein of sweet potato MADS-box genes, and categorized them based on phylogenetic analysis with Arabidopsis MADS-box proteins. (frontiersin.org)
SIR-dependent repression of non-telomeric genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae? (mpg.de)
Rhombotin 1 (RBTN1 or TTG-1) and rhombotin-2 (RBTN2 or TTG-2) are proteins of about 160 amino acids whose genes are disrupted by chromosomal translocations in T-cell leukemia. (embl.de)
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae A$\cdot$T tracts are abundant, occurring on average every 5 kbp, are found in the promoter region of approximately 25% of its sequenced genes, and have been shown to activate transcription. (jefferson.edu)
Almost 30% of genes in genomic sequence encode transmembrane proteins, of which 50% are targets for currently known drugs. (cusabio.com)
Through transcriptome analysis and in vivo experiments, the cellular mechanism of this protein was revealed as due to its ability to trigger genes, involved in aerobic respiration for ATP synthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
For example, the complete genome sequence of Zymomonas mobilis indicates that 32.6% of the 1998 protein-coding genes are still functionally unknown or have no similarity with functionally identified genes [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Sequence of a 28.6 kb region of yeast chromosome XI includes the FBA1 and TOA2 genes, an open reading frame (ORF) similar to a translationally controlled tumour protein, one ORF containing motifs also found in plant storage proteins and 13 ORFs with weak or no homology to known proteins. (ymdb.ca)
Vertebrate delangins have substantial homology to orthologs in flies, worms, plants and fungi, including Scc2-type sister chromatid cohesion proteins, and D. melanogaster Nipped-B. We propose that perturbed delangin function may inappropriately activate DLX genes, thereby contributing to the proximodistal limb patterning defects in CdLS. (southwales.ac.uk)
Using yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , we recently discovered that the protein folding burden in the ER can be alleviated in a UPR-independent manner through duplication of whole chromosomes containing ER stress-protective genes. (springer.com)
GENEMANIA revealed five genes similar in their expression level with MSH6 and seven genes share the same protein domain with it. (sapub.org)
Although several genes have been identified in laboratory yeast strains that are required for tolerance to acetic acid, the genetic basis of the high acetic acid tolerance naturally present in some Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains is unknown. (infona.pl)
This domain occurred 381 times on human genes ( 889 proteins). (umbc.edu)

Type I MADS-box gene, also known as M Type, usually has one to two exons, encoding proteins with highly conserved MADS domain. (frontiersin.org)
Control of replication initiation and heterochromatin formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by a regulator of meiotic gene expression. (mpg.de)
Plant-Derived Transcription Factors for Orthologous Regulation of Gene Expression in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (mpg.de)
Many of these proteins are regulators of gene expression. (embl.de)
Vertebrate insulin gene enhancer binding protein isl-1. (embl.de)
Isl-1 binds to one of the two cis-acting protein-binding domains of the insulin gene. (embl.de)
Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing, MARCH6 overexpression, and immunoblotting, we found here that cholesterol stabilizes MARCH6 protein endogenously and in HEK293 cells that stably express MARCH6. (jbc.org)
Reardon, Brian James, "The molecular and genetic characterization of the DAT1 gene product of Saccharomyces cerevisiae" (1996). (jefferson.edu)
DhSTL1 was heterologously expressed successfully in a S. cerevisiae (BY4741) wild type and in another strain lacking its own system for the glycerol transport ( STL1 ) gene. (academicjournals.org)
The DhSTL1 gene in transformed S. cerevisiae strains showed a slight but significant difference in the doubling times in growth curves obtained in liquid YNB-ura medium, with glycerol as carbon source. (academicjournals.org)
A second group of methods, which includes DNA microarrays and proteomics, have advantages that overcome the limitations implicit in signature-tagged mutagenesis and in vivo expression technology, namely, the ability to directly measure expression (gene or protein) levels on a true genome-wide scale, but their application to analysis of bacterial pathogens during real infections is still in its infancy. (cdc.gov)
Yamagata S, Isaji M, Nakamura K, Fujisaki S, Doi K, Bawden S, D'Andrea R. Overexpression of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae MET17/MET25 gene in Escherichia coli and comparative characterization of the product with O-acetylserine.O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase of the yeast. (uchicago.edu)
We discovered a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene ( KU80 ) that is structurally similar to the 80-kDa mammalian Ku subunit. (mst.edu)
Cycloheximide resistance in yeast: the gene and its protein. (wikidata.org)
The structure of the gene coding for the phosphorylated ribosomal protein S10 in yeast. (wikidata.org)
Molecular cloning, primary structure and disruption of the structural gene of aldolase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (ymdb.ca)
From the local loss-rates for individual proteins through degradation, the global loss-rate through cell growth, and the local protein abundance data, protein synthesis rates can be calculated for each gene. (harvard.edu)
These relationships may reflect gene co-expression/regulation, protein-protein interactions (PPIs) or information about production or consumption of metabolites [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The evolution of an ancestral sister chromatid cohesion protein to acquire an additional role in developmental gene regulation suggests that there are parallels between CdLS and Roberts syndrome. (southwales.ac.uk)
We also study how protein functions shift over evolutionary time through mechanisms including gene duplication and rewiring of transcriptional circuits. (buffalo.edu)
We are reconstructing the steps by which Sir3 evolved from the conserved replication protein Orc1 through gene duplication, subfunctionalization, and specialization. (buffalo.edu)
Hanner, A.S., Rusche L.N. (2017) The Yeast Heterochromatin Protein Sir3 Experienced Functional Changes in the AAA+ Domain After Gene Duplication and Subfunctionalization. (buffalo.edu)
This gene provides instructions for making a protein called the lamin B receptor. (medlineplus.gov)

We evaluate our framework using multi-omics data of Saccharomyces cerevisiae , a well-studied yeast model organism. (biomedcentral.com)
Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has proven to be a relevant and convenient model organism for the study of diverse biological phenomena, due to its straightforward genetics, cost-effectiveness and rapid growth, combined with the typical characteristics of a eukaryotic cell. (infona.pl)

Description: Saccharomyces Cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) Mob2p protein, recombinant protein. (cotinis.com)

Of the budding yeast proteins predicted to localize to mitochondria by the prediction tool Deeploc-1.0, those with known mitochondrial localization or functional relevance were eliminated, and 95 proteins of unknown function were selected as candidates for analysis. (elsevier.com)
By forced expression of GFPdeg fusion proteins with these proteins and observation of their localization, we identified 35 uncharacterized proteins potentially localized to mitochondria (UPMs) including 8 previously identified proteins that localize to mitochondria. (elsevier.com)
Analysis of Mgm101p isolated from mitochondria shows that the mature protein of 27.6 kDa lacks 22 amino acids from the N-terminus. (singerinstruments.com)
The m-AAA protease, an ATP-dependent proteolytic complex in the mitochondrial inner membrane, controls protein quality and regulates ribosome assembly, thus exerting essential housekeeping functions within mitochondria. (unisr.it)
Animal decomposes food to obtain ATP through oxidative reactions mainly in mitochondria, where carbohydrates, proteins, and fats undergo a series of metabolic reactions collectively called cellular respiration. (biomedcentral.com)
2003) The proteome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondria. (yeastgenome.org)
The endosymbiontic organelles (mitochondria and chloroplasts) are exceptional since they are bound by two envelope membranes across which they have to import more than 90% of their protein endowment. (uni-frankfurt.de)

Functional categorization of the list of proteins revealed that the tubular ER network may be involved in membrane trafficking, lipid metabolism, organelle contact, and stress sensing. (elifesciences.org)
In contrast, proteins containing all possible combinations of four common single nucleotide polymorphisms (Arg48Gly, Ala199Ser, Val432Leu, Asn453Ser) had modest effects on B[a]P-7,8-diol metabolism. (cdc.gov)
Finally, the encoded protein products (metabolites) participate in numerous processes that regulate cellular metabolism [ 7 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
As a result, we found proteins that are involved in important processes during development, such as energy metabolism, control pathways and cellular communication. (cdc.gov)

A mutation that aborts polar transport of ASH1 mRNA shows symmetrical protein synthesis in the mother and daughter cell. (uni-ulm.de)
A 10 bp deletion mutation produced no detectable protein or activity. (cdc.gov)
21 SNPs were found to be highly damaging for the protein by SIFT and Polyphen, and were further analyzed by I-Mutant, MUpro, PHD-SNP, SNPs & GO, ELASPIS, Mutation 3D and Chimera. (sapub.org)

We crystallized the Escherichia coli recombinant flavocytochrome b2 from S. cerevisiae inhibited by sulfite. (rcsb.org)
The guiding snoRNA was prepared by in vitro transcription and purification, while the Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteins were recombinantly expressed from Escherichia coli. (uni-frankfurt.de)

High mobility group (HMG) box domains are involved in binding DNA, and may be involved in protein-protein interactions as well. (embl.de)
The catalytically active RNP is formed by the interactions of the guide RNA with four proteins. (uni-frankfurt.de)
The main goal of this thesis was to gain new insights into the RNA/protein interactions in the eukaryotic snR81 H/ACA snoRNP from Saccharomyces cerevisiae on a structural as well as dynamical level. (uni-frankfurt.de)
Protein-protein interactions ( PPIs ) are physical contacts of high specificity established between two or more protein molecules as a result of biochemical events steered by interactions that include electrostatic forces , hydrogen bonding and the hydrophobic effect . (wikipedia.org)
These interactions between proteins are dependent on highly specific binding between proteins to ensure efficient electron transfer. (wikipedia.org)
[6] More recent work on the phylogeny of the reductase has shown that these residues involved in protein-protein interactions have been conserved throughout the evolution of this enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
To describe the types of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) it is important to consider that proteins can interact in a "transient" way (to produce some specific effect in a short time, like a signal transduction) or to interact with other proteins in a "stable" way to form complexes that become molecular machines within the living systems. (wikipedia.org)
Another important distinction to identify protein-protein interactions is the way they have been determined, since there are techniques that measure direct physical interactions between protein pairs, named "binary" methods, while there are other techniques that measure physical interactions among groups of proteins, without pairwise determination of protein partners, named "co-complex" methods. (wikipedia.org)
This resulted in poorly stabilized interactions between ribosomal proteins labeled and colored in shades of blue (RNA in gold, proteins in the S. Both proteins are bound to hibernating ribosomes. (east.ru)
Interactions of MSH6 with these proteins are critical for its MMR function and any structural alterations that interfere or harm these networks interactions would probably increase susceptibility to tumors formation and progression. (sapub.org)
2016. HyCCAPP as a tool to characterize promoter DNA-protein interactions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . (wisc.edu)

On the mechanisms of transcriptional repression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (mpg.de)
Elp1p, the yeast homolog of the FD disease syndrome protein, negatively regulates exocytosis independently of transcriptional elongation. (semanticscholar.org)
Mammalian LH-2, a transcriptional regulatory protein involved in the control of cell differentiation in developing lymphoid and neural cell types. (embl.de)
An engineered transcriptional reporter of protein localization identifies regulators of mitochondrial and ER membrane protein trafficking in high-throughput CRISPRi screens. (ucsf.edu)
Koike N, Hatano Y, Ushimaru T (2018) Heat shock transcriptional factor mediates mitochondrial unfolded protein response. (springer.com)
2003) The genome-wide transcriptional responses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown on glucose in aerobic chemostat cultures limited for carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, or sulfur. (yeastgenome.org)
To identify novel functions for the Cdc34/SCF ubiquitination complex, we analyzed genomewide transcriptional profiles of cdc53-1 and cdc34-2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants. (ox.ac.uk)

Fig. 4: Breast cancer subtype-specific protein and phosphorylation site expression identified by three laboratories. (nature.com)
Synthetic Promoters and Transcription Factors for Heterologous Protein Expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (mpg.de)
These five mutations resulted in enzymes with 3-12% of normal activity when assayed in vitro using an Saccharomyces cerevisiae microsomal expression system. (cdc.gov)
However, expression and purification of transmembrane protein are very difficult. (cusabio.com)
Multiple membrane protein expression technology platforms. (cusabio.com)
During the expression process of enveloped virus capsid protein, it can self-assemble into nanoparticles. (cusabio.com)
After the expression of the target protein (transmembrane protein), it is located on the cell membrane, and VLP is released by budding. (cusabio.com)
In this platform, CUSABIO mainly use the mammalian cell expression system for target protein expression . (cusabio.com)
In this platform, CUSABIO uses in vitro E.coli expression system for the target protein expression , then by screening different detergents to extract the target protein. (cusabio.com)
In this platform, CUSABIO uses in vitro E.coli expression system for the target protein expression , the other expression systems such as mammalian cell system is also suitable, but we haven't developed yet. (cusabio.com)
In the process of protein expression in the in vitro E.coli system, membrane skeleton protein (MSP) and phospholipid molecule (DMPC) were added to assemble nanodiscs during expression. (cusabio.com)
Since establishment of these platforms, 200 proteins have been successfully produced with a yield of mg/ml, which contains 99 transmembrane proteins (TPs) with 1-15 transmembrane domains and toxic proteins that are difficult to express in traditional E.coli expression systems. (cusabio.com)
Protein expression during exponential growth in 0.7 M NaCl medium of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (ymdb.ca)
In addition, we show that suppression of mouse Tubg1 expression in vivo interferes with proper neuronal migration, whereas expression of altered γ-tubulin proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae disrupts normal microtubule behavior. (elsevier.com)
In this process, mRNA molecules are guided by RNA-binding proteins that control their expression [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
One of these effector proteins, LegC7, has been shown to be toxic upon expression in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (slideshare.net)
Upon LegC7 expression, S. cerevisiae accumulates membranous structures reminiscent of so called "class E" compartments, which result from defects in multivesicular body function. (slideshare.net)
The product specificity of AtCPT6 was established in vivo following its expression in the heterologous system of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and was confirmed by the absence of specific products in AtCPT6 T-DNA insertion mutants and their overaccumulation in AtCPT6 - overexpressing plants. (waw.pl)
One mechanism that eukaryotic cells use to respond to ER stress is through activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathway, which initiates degradation of misfolded proteins and leads to inhibition of translation and increased expression of chaperones and oxidative folding components that enhance ER protein folding capacity. (springer.com)
This can only partially be explained by specific developmental and stress-induced expression patterns of individual members in each family and/or by differences in the subcellular distribution of the corresponding proteins. (uni-frankfurt.de)
After the controlled-labeling of proteins during the induction of strobilar development, we identified modifications in protein expression. (cdc.gov)

2006) Global landscape of protein complexes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (yeastrc.org)
2002) Systematic identification of protein complexes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by mass spectrometry. (yeastrc.org)
The topolgies of protein complexes in this experiment are unknown. (yeastrc.org)
14 15 Eukaryotic MMR involves two different heterodimeric complexes of MutS related proteins. (bmj.com)
Organelle DB compiles protein localization data from organisms spanning the eukaryotic kingdom and presents an organized catalog of the known protein constituents of more than 50 organelles, subcellular structures, and protein complexes. (vifabio.de)
Up until now, most structural knowledge about H/ACA RNPs has been derived from archaeal complexes, while the exact structure-function-relationships between RNA and proteins in eukaryotic RNPs is still ambiguous. (uni-frankfurt.de)
A protein complex assembly can result in the formation of homo-oligomeric or hetero-oligomeric complexes . (wikipedia.org)
Homo-oligomeric Afg311 and Afg312 complexes and hetero-oligomeric assemblies of both proteins with paraplegin can be formed. (unisr.it)
Interaction landscape of membrane-protein complexes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (ac.be)

Intrinsic 5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Trf4 protein with a possible role in base excision DNA repair. (neb.com)
Silve S, Dupuy PH, Ferrara P, Loison G. Human lamin B receptor exhibits sterol C14-reductase activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (medlineplus.gov)

Kaya A et al (2015) Adaptive aneuploidy protects against thiol peroxidase deficiency by increasing respiration via key mitochondrial proteins. (springer.com)

two concentrations (10 6 and 10 7 cells per ml) of the freshwater alga Chlorella vulgaris and one treatment of baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) on growth, protein and total and free amino acid composition of freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus were studied. (ac.ir)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker's yeast) rho-type GTPase activating protein RGA1/DBM1. (embl.de)
Her pioneering approach leverages the baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to create models of toxic proteins in order to probe, perturb, and expose their underlying biology. (mit.edu)
Human Bax and α-synuclein also induce cell death when expressed in baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae . (portlandpress.com)

S. cerevisiae hypothetical protein YKR090w. (embl.de)
An example of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae hypothetical protein connected with homolog proteins of other species networks . (biomedcentral.com)

Brewer's yeast is a by-product of brewers that use Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a microorganism, and fungal yeast. (industryarc.com)
Protein kinases (PKs), MAP kinase kinase(MAPKK) subfamily, fungal Pek1-like proteins, catalytic (c) domain. (umbc.edu)
Allergen avoidance strategies including personal protective equipment, engineering controls, protein encapsulation, and reduction of airborne enzyme concentrations are required to mitigate occupational exposure to fungal enzymes. (cdc.gov)

FITNESS, a CCT domain-containing protein, deregulates reactive oxygen species levels and leads to fine-tuning trade-offs between reproductive success and defence responses in Arabidopsis. (mpg.de)
The plastid metalloprotease FtsH6 and small heat shock protein HSP21 jointly regulate thermomemory in Arabidopsis. (mpg.de)
Arabidopsis REI-LIKE proteins activate ribosome biogenesis during cold acclimation. (mpg.de)
Characterization of the Heat-Stable Proteome during Seed Germination in Arabidopsis with Special Focus on LEA Proteins. (mpg.de)
Two cDNAs (At.EIF4E1 and At.EIF4E2) encoding, respectively, the eukaryotic initiation factors eIF4E and eIF(iso)4E of Arabidopsis thaliana were isolated by complementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae conditional mutant. (usda.gov)

For those sequences which have a structure in the Protein DataBank , we use the mapping between UniProt , PDB and Pfam coordinate systems from the PDBe SIFTS project, to allow us to map Pfam domains onto UniProt three-dimensional structures. (xfam.org)

Therefore, the localization of a protein, especially to organelles, is a clue to infer the function of that protein. (elsevier.com)
Protein localization in living cells is typically investigated by fusion with the autofluorescent protein GFP. (uni-ulm.de)
In particular, Organelle DB is a central repository of yeast protein localization data, incorporating results from both previous and current (ongoing) large-scale studies of protein localization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (vifabio.de)
2003) Global analysis of protein localization in budding yeast. (yeastgenome.org)
Background: Protein subcellular localization and differences in oxidation state between subcellular compartments are two well-studied features of the cellular organization of S. cerevisiae (yeast). (edu.au)

Eukaryotic cells are composed of organelles, and each organelle contains proteins that play a role in its function. (elsevier.com)
We have classified these motifs into three types according to their sequence similarity and have found that they are prevalent in many eukaryotic nuclear proteins in single or multiple copies. (embl.de)
The cis and trans functions of ubiquitin control the trafficking of a wide array of signaling receptors and other proteins in all eukaryotic cells, thereby regulating processes as essential as growth control and development. (rupress.org)
In total, Organelle DB is a singular resource consolidating our knowledge of the protein composition of eukaryotic organelles and subcellular structures. (vifabio.de)
While archaeal H/ACA RNPs share many similarities with eukaryotic RNPs and act as good model system, there are also many differences between them like eukaryotic specific protein domains as well as the overall bipartite complex structure, dictated by the snoRNA. (uni-frankfurt.de)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is defined by the accumulation of unfolded proteins at the ER and perturbation at the ER membrane, known as lipid bilayer stress (LBS). In turn, ER stress triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR) to restore ER homeostasis. (nih.gov)
Here, we increased the secretion of a heterologous α-amylase, a model protein used for studying the protein secretory pathway in yeast, by moderately overexpressing SEC16, which is involved in protein translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. (dtu.dk)
In contrast, I could show that the related protein Wsc3 is synthesized in equal amounts in mother and daughter cells and that this synthesis is not limited to the cortical endoplasmic reticulum. (uni-ulm.de)
Specific proteins are modified by ubiquitin at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and are degraded by the proteasome, a process referred to as ER-associated protein degradation. (jbc.org)
During stress, accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) triggers activation of the adaptive mechanisms that restore protein homeostasis. (springer.com)
Gardner BM, Pincus D, Gotthardt K, Gallagher CM, Walter P (2013) Endoplasmic reticulum stress sensing in the unfolded protein response. (springer.com)
Labunskyy VM et al (2014) Lifespan extension conferred by endoplasmic reticulum secretory pathway deficiency requires induction of the unfolded protein response. (springer.com)
In general, almost all proteins residing in the various organelles are synthezied on cytosolic ribosomes and are co- or postranslationally imported (e.g. into the endoplasmic reticulum or the peroxisomes). (uni-frankfurt.de)

Using pattern searches and position-dependent matrices, we have extracted the AT-hook motifs present in a non-redundant protein sequence database. (embl.de)
The HMG family of proteins comprises members with multiple HMG domains that bind DNA with low sequence specificity, and members with single HMG domains that recognize specific nucleotide sequences. (embl.de)
Sequence analysis of a 5.6 kb fragment of chromosome II from Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals two new open reading frames next to CDC28. (wikigenes.org)
It was compared to the STL1 protein sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae against the translated sequence from the D. hansenii genome sequence database released by Génolevure. (academicjournals.org)

The post-translational modification of the mammalian cell system is the closest to the natural protein, and most pharmaceutical companies choose the drug target proteins from human species, so the Mammalian cell system is the best choice. (cusabio.com)

Endocytosis requires the coordinated activity of many protein factors, and the specific mechanisms employed by the cell for internalization remain only partially understood. (edu.vn)
Here we discuss our findings and their implication to our understanding of the mechanisms by which cells respond to protein misfolding in the ER. (springer.com)
We applied our method to Saccharomyces cerevisiae experiments, focusing our attention on cell cycle regulatory mechanisms. (infona.pl)

As most proteins arrive their destination after seconds or minutes, the location where the protein was formed by translation of a mRNA is not accessible. (uni-ulm.de)
Once in the tip of the daughter cell, the mRNA is translated into protein. (uni-ulm.de)
The respective mRNA is also transported into the bud, but, unlike Ash1, the distribution of the protein is independent of the mRNA transport. (uni-ulm.de)

These proteins include repeat sequences. (tcdb.org)
Many other DNA binding proteins which recognize A+T-rich sequences contain amino acids regions that are similar to the Dat1p Gly-Arg-Lys-Pro-Gly motifs. (jefferson.edu)
The deduced amino acid sequences of the proteins are homologous to those from monocotyledonous plants, yeast and mammals. (usda.gov)
This suggests that evolutionary analysis of the recombination process is greatly aided by considering nucleotide sequences and protein products jointly. (edu.au)
Assignment of Homology to Genome Sequences using a Library of Hidden Markov Models that Represent all Proteins of Known Structure. (cam.ac.uk)

A unique product derived from a selected strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been shown to enhance. (alltech.com)

UbiB proteins regulate cellular CoQ distribution in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (yeastgenome.org)
S.cerevisiae a and alpha cells express the complementary cell surface glycoproteins a-agglutinin and alpha-agglutinin, respectively, which interact with one another to promote cellular aggregation during mating. (antibodies-online.com)
The team's findings, which appear in today's advance online edition of the journal Cell , illuminate the function of a key protein, called Ste24, which unclogs the cellular machinery that helps shuttle proteins into compartments within the cell. (mit.edu)
One of these adaptor proteins, huntingtin interacting protein 1 (HIP1), induces cellular transformation and is overexpressed in some prostate cancers. (rupress.org)
We are examining the cellular responses to zinc deficiency in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae . (biomedcentral.com)
Mutations in Two Ku Homologs Define a DNA End-Joining Repair Pathway in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae," Molecular and Cellular Biology , vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 4189 - 4198, American Society for Microbiology, Aug 1996. (mst.edu)
Neurons have highly dynamic cellular processes for their proper functions such as cell growth, synaptic formation, or synaptic plasticity by regulating protein synthesis and degradation. (en-journal.org)
The heat shock protein (HSP) HSP70 and HSP90 systems are the main chaperone machinery for cellular protein folding [ 24 ] and misfolded proteins create pathological problems in different tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
Banerjee M., Carew M.W., Roggenbeck B.A., Whitlock B.D., Naranmandura H., Le X.C., Leslie E.M.: A novel pathway for arsenic elimination: human multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4/ABCC4) mediates cellular export of dimethylarsinic acid (DMAV) and the diglutathione conjugate of monomethylarsonous acid (MMAIII). (sciendo.com)
The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling pathways are important mediators of cellular responses to extracellular signals. (umbc.edu)
Molecular chaperones form a network of proteins involved in the control of the cellular protein homeostasis under normal and stressful growth conditions. (uni-frankfurt.de)

Lee, JC, Henry, B & Yeh, YC 1983, ' Binding of proteins from the large ribosomal subunits to 5.8 S rRNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ', Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol. 258, no. 2, pp. 854-858. (uthscsa.edu)
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , mtDNA encodes eight proteins, of which seven are subunits of the ETC and OXPHOS, and one is a ribosomal small subunit protein [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The structure of the regulatory subunit of the protein kinase CK2 crystallized in the presence of p21 WAF1 suggests binding in the solvent-accessible part of the zinc-finger motif. (iucr.org)
A time lapse experiment of Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing GFP tagged Cdc15, a protein kinase involves in cytokinesis. (cellimagelibrary.org)
2013). Using yeast to uncover the regulation of protein kinase Cδ by ceramide . (up.pt)
The Chromone Alkaloid, Rohitukine, Affords Anti-Cancer Activity via Modulating Apoptosis Pathways in A549 Cell Line and Yeast Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Pathway. (wakehealth.edu)
The MAPKK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein serine/threonine kinases, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. (umbc.edu)
Although the function of the CTLH complex remains unclear, here we used yeast two-hybrid screening to isolate Hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (HRS) as a protein binding to a key component of CTLH complex, Armadillo repeat containing 8 (ARMc8) α. (openbiochemistryjournal.com)

2012). Quercetin Protects Saccharomyces cerevisiae against Oxidative Stress by Inducing Trehalose Biosynthesis and the Cell Wall Integrity Pathway . (up.pt)
Denzel MS, et al (2014) Hexosamine pathway metabolites enhance protein quality control and prolong life. (springer.com)
Background The only hitherto known biological role of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Tum1 protein is in the tRNA thiolation pathway. (infona.pl)

The NF1 locus encodes a protein functionally related to mammalian GAP and yeast IRA proteins. (cell.com)
DAT1 encodes a nonessential DNA binding protein (Dat1p) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, that specifically recognizes A$\cdot$T tracts. (jefferson.edu)
ZRT3 encodes a vacuolar membrane protein responsible for transporting zinc stored in the vacuole to the cytoplasm for its utilization [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

abstract = "The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is widely used to produce biopharmaceutical proteins. (dtu.dk)

However, a few membrane proteins that are sensitive to detergents are not suitable for buffering conditions containing detergents, which are specifically incapable of purification and poor stability (easy to be degraded or obvious precipitation) and no activity. (cusabio.com)
4. Maru V., Hewale S., Mantri H., Ranade V. Partial Purification and Characterization of Mannan Oligosaccharides from Cell Wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (ifmo.ru)
We used different protein tags that allowed for the visualization and purification of proteins produced specifically after the induction of strobilar development to identify proteins that might be involved in this process (temporally controlled and context-dependent). (cdc.gov)

Yeast ribosomes consist of 79 ribosomal proteins and four ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs). (uni-frankfurt.de)

JUB1 suppresses Pseudomonas syringae-induced defense responses through accumulation of DELLA proteins. (mpg.de)
The kinetic parameters of transport and glycerol accumulation conferred by DhSTL1 in the S. cerevisiae transformant strains did not show significant differences. (academicjournals.org)
Autophagy has been extensively studied in stress condition, such as starvation or accumulation of toxic components including proteins or damaged organelles. (en-journal.org)

Protein sorting in the late Golgi of Saccharomyces cerevisiae does not require mannosylated sphingolipids. (wikigenes.org)
THE ADP-ribosylation factor ARF is a small GTP-binding protein that is involved in the transport of vesicles between the endo-plasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi complex and within the Golgi complex itself1-4. (springernature.com)
Geal contains a domain that is similar to a domain of Sec7, a protein necessary for intra-Golgi transport. (springernature.com)

Arsenic mediates its toxicity by generating oxidative stress, inducing protein misfolding, promoting genotoxicity, hampering DNA repair and disrupting signal transduction. (sciendo.com)
The Cdc34/SCF ubiquitination complex mediates Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall integrity. (ox.ac.uk)
These findings suggest that HRS mediates protein endosomal trafficking partly through its interaction with ARMc8α. (openbiochemistryjournal.com)

Here, we provide a modified protocol based on the synthetic genetic array analysis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to identify genetic perturbations that induce the UPR by LBS. This method is adaptable to other canonical stress pathways. (nih.gov)
We've created a new platform for identifying potential genetic and pharmaceutical targets that can help neutralize the toxic proteins that build up in patients with the disease," says lead author Can Kayatekin. (mit.edu)
With their model of IAPP toxicity in hand, the researchers then turned to genetic techniques to identify yeast proteins that either enhance or ameliorate the effects of IAPP aggregation. (mit.edu)
1. A targeted and an unbiased screen for genetic suppressors of the Legionella pneumophila effector protein LegC7 Chetan N. Hebbale*, Kevin M. O'Brien*, and Vincent J. Starai*† Departments of *Microbiology and †Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602. (slideshare.net)

Mic60p can be described as the core component for the maintenance of the MICOS complex, controlling protein transport, mitochondrial DNA transcription, and the connection between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes. (suny.edu)
The dual role of LESION SIMULATING DISEASE 1 as a condition-dependent scaffold protein and transcription regulator. (mpg.de)
HMG-box domains are found in one or more copies in HMG-box proteins, which form a large, diverse family involved in the regulation of DNA-dependent processes such as transcription, replication, and strand repair, all of which require the bending and unwinding of chromatin. (embl.de)
Ribosomal RNA transcription in a mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae defective in ribosomal protein synthesis. (wikidata.org)
One arm of our research program focuses on Sir2 proteins (sirtuins), which deacetylate histones to repress transcription. (buffalo.edu)
17. Moreno I., Tutrone N., Sentandreu R., Valentín E. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rds2 transcription factor involvement in cell wall composition and architecture. (ifmo.ru)

These residues are also important for an interaction between the ENTH domain and GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) for the master regulator of polarity Cdc42. (edu.vn)
Secondly, cryo-electron micrographic studies clarified the 3D structure of translational pausing peptide of XBP1u protein, indicating that the specific amino acid residues in XBP1u directly interacts with the ribosomal components in ribosome tunnel. (nii.ac.jp)
In the case of the mitochondrial P450 systems, the specific residues involved in the binding of the electron transfer protein adrenodoxin to its reductase were identified as two basic Arg residues on the surface of the reductase and two acidic Asp residues on the adrenodoxin. (wikipedia.org)
PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine or tyrosine residues on protein substrates. (umbc.edu)

2007). Quercetin increases oxidative stress resistance and longevity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . (up.pt)

Finally, the moderate overexpression of SEC16 was shown to improve the secretion of two other recombinant proteins, Trichoderma reesei endoglucanase I and Rhizopus oryzae glucan-1,4-α-glucosidase, indicating that this mechanism is of general relevance. (dtu.dk)

A Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein interaction network. (wolfram.com)
This graph represents only a small part of the budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) protein interaction network. (visualcomplexity.com)
The horseshoe shaped ribonuclease inhibitor (shown as wireframe) forms a protein-protein interaction with the ribonuclease protein. (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, to study the factors affecting Tau oligomerization, which is considered to be an early step in Tau pathology, we used luminescent reporter NanoBiT in which protein-protein interaction results in the complementation of the luciferase NanoLuc. (irb.hr)
ARMc8α promoted the interaction of HRS with various ubiquitinated proteins through the ubiquitin-interacting motif. (openbiochemistryjournal.com)

The characterization of this allele through the analysis of internalization of a variety of cargo revealed a role for PtdIns(3,5)P2 in sorting and trafficking of internalized proteins at the late endosome. (edu.vn)
Molecular characterization of calymmin, a novel notochord sheath-associated extracellular matrix protein in the zebrafish embryo. (mpg.de)
Characterization of human tau protein in yeast cells // COST Action 20113 ProteoCure / Auf dem Keller, Ulrich (ur. (irb.hr)

Members of this group include the MAPKKs Pek1/Skh1 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe and MKK2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and related proteins. (umbc.edu)

An in vitro endocytosis assay was adapted for use with yeast cytosol, in order to provide a biochemical method for identifying proteins required for the internalization of coated pits or endocytic vesicles. (edu.vn)
Synthesize proteins by adding DNA templates, ATP, amino acids, various substrates, and enzymes derived from cell extracts in vitro, and then extract the target protein by screening different detergents. (cusabio.com)
In PD, α-synuclein accumulates into protein aggregates that show, both in in vitro and in vivo , many features of amyloid formation [ 4 , 5 ]. (portlandpress.com)
The in vitro incorporation of AHA with different tags into newly synthesized proteins (NSPs) by PSCs was analyzed using SDS-PAGE and confocal microscopy. (cdc.gov)

Here we identify a protein (Gea1) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae that is a component of a complex possessing guanine-nucleotide-exchange activity for ARF. (springernature.com)
We propose that Geal and ARNO, a human protein with a homologous Sec7 domain7, are members of a new family of ARF guanine-nucleotide exchange factors. (springernature.com)

This was achieved by introducing a ubiquitin molecule in frame of the POI-GFP and coexpression of a GFP binding protein. (uni-ulm.de)
Zinc finger (Znf) domains are relatively small protein motifs which contain multiple finger-like protrusions that make tandem contacts with their target molecule. (embl.de)
Transmembrane protein plays an important role in basic physiological processes, including molecule transport, signal transduction, energy utilization, etc. (cusabio.com)
Components: target protein (transmembrane protein), membrane skeleton protein (MSP), phospholipid molecule (DMPC). (cusabio.com)
During cholesterol synthesis, the sterol reductase function of the lamin B receptor allows the protein to perform one of several steps that convert a molecule called lanosterol to cholesterol. (medlineplus.gov)

2006). The Pep4p vacuolar proteinase contributes to the turnover of oxidized proteins but PEP4 overexpression is not sufficient to increase chronological lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . (up.pt)

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , two principal ER-associated protein degradation ubiquitin ligases (E3s) reside in the ER membrane, Doa10 and Hrd1. (jbc.org)
How most E3 ligases, including Doa10, recognize their protein substrates remains poorly understood. (jbc.org)
Ubiquitin ligases of the Nedd4 family regulate membrane protein trafficking by modifying both cargo proteins and the transport machinery with ubiquitin. (rupress.org)

Both protein and RNA undergo significant conformational changes upon complex formation with a concomitant large surface burial of RNA bases. (nih.gov)
A Role for the Saccharomyces cerevisiae RENT Complex Protein Net1 in HMR Silencing. (mpg.de)
From the published set of core protein complex predictions. (yeastrc.org)
the p-value represents the chances of randomly having the number of proteins in the complex annotated with a specific GO term ( I ). (yeastrc.org)
DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair in mammalian cells is dependent on the Ku DNA binding protein complex. (mst.edu)
Recycling requires receptor monoubiquitination by a membrane-embedded ubiquitin ligase complex composed of three RING finger (RF) domain-containing proteins: PEX2, PEX10, and PEX12. (portlandpress.com)
The proteins which comprise the Class E VPS family are members of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport proteins (ESCRT) which are responsible for recognizing, sequestering and packaging membrane proteins into vesicles for vacuolar degradation. (slideshare.net)
Here we report two nanobody-bound structures: the full-length Nup84-Nup133 C-terminal domain complex and the Nup133 N-terminal domain, both from S. cerevisiae . (biorxiv.org)
The MBL protein can activate the C4 and C2 components of complement by forming a complex with serine proteases known as MASP1 and MASP2. (medscape.com)

In contrast, we find that Kog1, the yeast homologue of the mammalian Tor regulatory protein Raptor, interacts preferentially with Tor1p. (scripps.edu)
Mammalian and avian cysteine-rich protein (CRP), a 192 amino-acid protein of unknown function. (embl.de)
Mammalian cysteine-rich intestinal protein (CRIP), a small protein which seems to have a role in zinc absorption and may function as an intracellular zinc transport protein. (embl.de)
Karagoz GE et al (2017) An unfolded protein-induced conformational switch activates mammalian IRE1. (springer.com)

I show that aneuploid strains are prone to aggregation of endogenous proteins as well as of ectopically expressed hard to fold proteins such as polyQ stretch-containing proteins. (mit.edu)
Protein aggregate formation in aneuploid yeast strains is likely due to limiting protein quality control systems, since I present data showing that at least one chaperone family, Hsp90, is compromised in many aneuploid strains. (mit.edu)

Planar cell polarization requires Widerborst, a B ' regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A. (mpg.de)

In this thesis I present the Ubi-Trap system for temporal and spatial analysis of protein synthesis in living yeast cells. (uni-ulm.de)

During infection, L. pneumophila secretes nearly 300 effector proteins into host cells in order to evade lysosomal degradation by modulating vesicle trafficking pathways. (slideshare.net)

The AT-hook is a small DNA-binding protein motif which was first described in the high mobility group non-histone chromosomal protein HMG-I(Y). Since its discovery, this motif has been observed in other DNA-binding proteins from a wide range of organisms. (embl.de)
The data sets in Organelle DB encompass 138 organisms with emphasis on the major model systems: S. cerevisiae, A. thaliana, D. melanogaster, C. elegans, M. musculus, and human proteins as well. (vifabio.de)
Background: Proteins of various compositions are required by organisms inhabiting different environments. (edu.au)
The predicted metastable equilibrium distributions of the proteins can be compared with the optimal growth temperatures of the organisms and with geochemical variables. (edu.au)
As the major bioethanol producer, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a central position among biofuel‐producing organisms. (infona.pl)
Approximately, 200 biotic (organisms or particles mixtures of many proteins [4, 6]. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy21

Organisms14

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs117

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment22

Phenomena and Processes88

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science4

Health Care3

A Drosophila TNF-receptor-associated factor (TRAF) binds the ste20 kinase Misshapen and activates Jun kinase. (1/25200)

Vac1p coordinates Rab and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling in Vps45p-dependent vesicle docking/fusion at the endosome. (2/25200)

B-MYB transactivates its own promoter through SP1-binding sites. (3/25200)

Evidence for F-actin-dependent and -independent mechanisms involved in assembly and stability of the medial actomyosin ring in fission yeast. (4/25200)

The exocyst is an effector for Sec4p, targeting secretory vesicles to sites of exocytosis. (5/25200)

Cooperative binding of heat shock factor to the yeast HSP82 promoter in vivo and in vitro. (6/25200)

The histone acetylase PCAF is a phorbol-ester-inducible coactivator of the IRF family that confers enhanced interferon responsiveness. (7/25200)

The 3'-->5' exonucleases of DNA polymerases delta and epsilon and the 5'-->3' exonuclease Exo1 have major roles in postreplication mutation avoidance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (8/25200)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins

Fungal Proteins

Genes, Fungal

Molecular Sequence Data

Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal

Amino Acid Sequence

DNA, Fungal

Mutation

Sequence Homology, Amino Acid

Base Sequence

Cloning, Molecular

Saccharomyces

DNA-Binding Proteins

Cell Cycle Proteins

Protein Binding

Recombinant Fusion Proteins

RNA, Fungal

Chromosomes, Fungal

Genome, Fungal

Phenotype

Plasmids

Genetic Complementation Test

Temperature

Gene Deletion

Suppression, Genetic

Carrier Proteins

Transcription, Genetic

Spores, Fungal

beta-Fructofuranosidase

Restriction Mapping

Transcription Factors

Genes, Suppressor

Haploidy

Mutagenesis

Vacuoles

Transformation, Genetic

Fermentation

Recombination, Genetic

Diploidy

Kinetics

Mitochondria

Silent Information Regulator Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Sequence Alignment

Schizosaccharomyces

Glucose

Alleles

Membrane Proteins

Meiosis

Genes, Mating Type, Fungal

DNA Repair

Saccharomycetales

Nuclear Proteins

Kluyveromyces

CDC28 Protein Kinase, S cerevisiae

Spheroplasts

Escherichia coli

Adenosine Triphosphatases

DNA Primers

RNA, Messenger

Galactose

Recombinant Proteins

Cell Cycle

Repressor Proteins

Cell Wall

Ergosterol

Candida albicans

Killer Factors, Yeast

Binding Sites

Pheromones

Substrate Specificity

Open Reading Frames

Promoter Regions, Genetic

Biological Transport

Genes

Sequence Deletion

Culture Media

Protein Structure, Tertiary

Xylose

Sirtuin 2