Retroperitoneal neoplasms are a diverse group of tumors that originate in the retroperitoneal space, which is the area behind the peritoneum and includes the kidneys, adrenal glands, pancreas, and major blood vessels.
An area occupying the most posterior aspect of the ABDOMINAL CAVITY. It is bounded laterally by the borders of the quadratus lumborum muscles and extends from the DIAPHRAGM to the brim of the true PELVIS, where it continues as the pelvic extraperitoneal space.
A slowly progressive condition of unknown etiology, characterized by deposition of fibrous tissue in the retroperitoneal space compressing the ureters, great vessels, bile duct, and other structures. When associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm, it may be called chronic periaortitis or inflammatory perianeurysmal fibrosis.
A malignant tumor derived from primitive or embryonal lipoblastic cells. It may be composed of well-differentiated fat cells or may be dedifferentiated: myxoid (LIPOSARCOMA, MYXOID), round-celled, or pleomorphic, usually in association with a rich network of capillaries. Recurrences are common and dedifferentiated liposarcomas metastasize to the lungs or serosal surfaces. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)
Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors (GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular neoplasms.
Neoplasms composed of primordial GERM CELLS of embryonic GONADS or of elements of the germ layers of the EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in the gonads or present in an embryo or FETUS.
Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.
Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).
Surgical excision of one or more lymph nodes. Its most common use is in cancer surgery. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p966)
A benign neoplasm that usually arises from the sympathetic trunk in the mediastinum. Histologic features include spindle cell proliferation (resembling a neurofibroma) and the presence of large ganglion cells. The tumor may present clinically with HORNER SYNDROME or diarrhea due to ectopic production of vasoactive intestinal peptide. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p966)
A connective tissue neoplasm formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells; it is usually highly malignant.
A procedure in which a laparoscope (LAPAROSCOPES) is inserted through a small incision near the navel to examine the abdominal and pelvic organs in the PERITONEAL CAVITY. If appropriate, biopsy or surgery can be performed during laparoscopy.
A neoplasm that arises from SCHWANN CELLS of the cranial, peripheral, and autonomic nerves. Clinically, these tumors may present as a cranial neuropathy, abdominal or soft tissue mass, intracranial lesion, or with spinal cord compression. Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated, highly vascular, and composed of a homogenous pattern of biphasic fusiform-shaped cells that may have a palisaded appearance. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp964-5)
A multilocular tumor with mucin secreting epithelium. They are most often found in the ovary, but are also found in the pancreas, appendix, and rarely, retroperitoneal and in the urinary bladder. They are considered to have low-grade malignant potential.
Blockage in any part of the URETER causing obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the URINARY BLADDER. The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral, bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary greatly such as HYDRONEPHROSIS and obstructive nephropathy.
Abdominal neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors occurring within the abdominal cavity, which can be benign or malignant, and affect various organs such as the pancreas, liver, kidneys, or intestines.
Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.
Incision into the side of the abdomen between the ribs and pelvis.
A sarcoma containing large spindle cells of smooth muscle. Although it rarely occurs in soft tissue, it is common in the viscera. It is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract and uterus. The median age of patients is 60 years. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1865)
A malignant neoplasm of the germinal tissue of the GONADS; MEDIASTINUM; or pineal region. Germinomas are uniform in appearance, consisting of large, round cells with vesicular nuclei and clear or finely granular eosinophilic-staining cytoplasm. (Stedman, 265th ed; from DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1642-3)
A collection of blood outside the BLOOD VESSELS. Hematoma can be localized in an organ, space, or tissue.
A malignant cystic or semisolid tumor most often occurring in the ovary. Rarely, one is solid. This tumor may develop from a mucinous cystadenoma, or it may be malignant at the onset. The cysts are lined with tall columnar epithelial cells; in others, the epithelium consists of many layers of cells that have lost normal structure entirely. In the more undifferentiated tumors, one may see sheets and nests of tumor cells that have very little resemblance to the parent structure. (Hughes, Obstetric-Gynecologic Terminology, 1972, p184)
A true neoplasm composed of a number of different types of tissue, none of which is native to the area in which it occurs. It is composed of tissues that are derived from three germinal layers, the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. They are classified histologically as mature (benign) or immature (malignant). (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1642)
Neoplasms containing cyst-like formations or producing mucin or serum.
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
An abscess located in the abdominal cavity, i.e., the cavity between the diaphragm above and the pelvis below. (From Dorland, 27th ed)
Techniques, procedures, and therapies carried out on diseased organs in such a way to avoid complete removal of the organ and preserve the remaining organ function.
Two or more abnormal growths of tissue occurring simultaneously and presumed to be of separate origin. The neoplasms may be histologically the same or different, and may be found in the same or different sites.
The venous trunk which receives blood from the lower extremities and from the pelvic and abdominal organs.
A radiosensitive, malignant neoplasm of the testis, thought to be derived from primordial germ cells of the sexually undifferentiated embryonic gonad. There are three variants: classical (typical), the most common type; anaplastic; and spermatocytic. The classical seminoma is composed of fairly well differentiated sheets or cords of uniform polygonal or round cells (seminoma cells), each cell having abundant clear cytoplasm, distinct cell membranes, a centrally placed round nucleus, and one or more nucleoli. In the female, a grossly and histologically identical neoplasm, known as dysgerminoma, occurs. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Hindrance of the passage of luminal contents in the DUODENUM. Duodenal obstruction can be partial or complete, and caused by intrinsic or extrinsic factors. Simple obstruction is associated with diminished or stopped flow of luminal contents. Strangulating obstruction is associated with impaired blood flow to the duodenum in addition to obstructed flow of luminal contents.
Excision of kidney.
Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.
Neoplasms located in the vasculature system, such as ARTERIES and VEINS. They are differentiated from neoplasms of vascular tissue (NEOPLASMS, VASCULAR TISSUE), such as ANGIOFIBROMA or HEMANGIOMA.
The local recurrence of a neoplasm following treatment. It arises from microscopic cells of the original neoplasm that have escaped therapeutic intervention and later become clinically visible at the original site.
An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of the ABDOMINAL AORTA which gives rise to the visceral, the parietal, and the terminal (iliac) branches below the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm.
Either of two large arteries originating from the abdominal aorta; they supply blood to the pelvis, abdominal wall and legs.
Tumors or cancer of the ADRENAL GLANDS.
Neoplasms of whatever cell type or origin, occurring in the extraskeletal connective tissue framework of the body including the organs of locomotion and their various component structures, such as nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics, etc.
Protrusion of tissue, structure, or part of an organ through the bone, muscular tissue, or the membrane by which it is normally contained. Hernia may involve tissues such as the ABDOMINAL WALL or the respiratory DIAPHRAGM. Hernias may be internal, external, congenital, or acquired.
Tumors or cancer of the pelvic region.
Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.
That portion of the body that lies between the THORAX and the PELVIS.
Abnormal enlargement or swelling of a KIDNEY due to dilation of the KIDNEY CALICES and the KIDNEY PELVIS. It is often associated with obstruction of the URETER or chronic kidney diseases that prevents normal drainage of urine into the URINARY BLADDER.
Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the extent of the neoplasm in the patient.
Presence of milky lymph (CHYLE) in the PERITONEAL CAVITY, with or without infection.
Cystic mass containing lymph from diseased lymphatic channels or following surgical trauma or other injury.
Accumulations of blood in the PERITONEAL CAVITY due to internal HEMORRHAGE.
Radiographic visualization of the body between the thorax and the pelvis, i.e., within the peritoneal cavity.
The excision of the head of the pancreas and the encircling loop of the duodenum to which it is connected.
A benign tumor composed of fat cells (ADIPOCYTES). It can be surrounded by a thin layer of connective tissue (encapsulated), or diffuse without the capsule.
Death resulting from the presence of a disease in an individual, as shown by a single case report or a limited number of patients. This should be differentiated from DEATH, the physiological cessation of life and from MORTALITY, an epidemiological or statistical concept.
A relatively rare, usually benign neoplasm originating in the chemoreceptor tissue of the CAROTID BODY; GLOMUS JUGULARE; GLOMUS TYMPANICUM; AORTIC BODIES; and the female genital tract. It consists histologically of rounded or ovoid hyperchromatic cells that tend to be grouped in an alveolus-like pattern within a scant to moderate amount of fibrous stroma and a few large thin-walled vascular channels. (From Stedman, 27th ed)
Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.
One of a pair of thick-walled tubes that transports urine from the KIDNEY PELVIS to the URINARY BLADDER.
Surgery performed on the urinary tract or its parts in the male or female. For surgery of the male genitalia, UROLOGIC SURGICAL PROCEDURES, MALE is available.
Abnormal growths of tissue that follow a previous neoplasm but are not metastases of the latter. The second neoplasm may have the same or different histological type and can occur in the same or different organs as the previous neoplasm but in all cases arises from an independent oncogenic event. The development of the second neoplasm may or may not be related to the treatment for the previous neoplasm since genetic risk or predisposing factors may actually be the cause.
Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.
A neural crest tumor usually derived from the chromoreceptor tissue of a paraganglion, such as the carotid body, or medulla of the adrenal gland (usually called a chromaffinoma or pheochromocytoma). It is more common in women than in men. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)
Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.

Retroperitoneal germ cell tumor treated by PVeBV chemotherapy: a case report. (1/463)

The extragonadal germ cell tumor are uncommon neoplasms which account for only 1-5% of germ cell tumors, and its prognosis is poor. We report here the use of combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, etoposide, bleomycin, and vinblastine (PVeBV) for the treatment of retroperitoneal germ cell tumor. A 28-year-old male with complaints of abdominal pain and lumbago, without any abnormality in both testes by physical and ultrasonographic examination, showed retroperitoneal tumor by abdominal computed tomography. The serum alpha-fetoprotein and lactate dehydrogenase were elevated. The retroperitoneal tumor was treated surgically. The pathological diagnosis was mixed germ cell tumor. The lung and supraclavicular lymph node metastases disappeared completely after 3 courses of PVeBV chemotherapy with cisplatin (40 mg/m2 per day) and etoposide (100 mg/m2 per day) for 5 consecutive days, with vinblastine (0.2 mg/kg) on day 1, and bleomycin (30 mg/body) given on days 1, 8, and 15. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and serotonin receptor antagonist application were available on acute phase toxic effects. The patient is now alive and well, without recurrence, more than 26 months after the operation.  (+info)

In situ replacement of the aorta in a contaminated field with the infrarenal inferior vena cava. (2/463)

A case of aortic replacement using the inferior vena cava for combined injuries to the duodenum and aorta was studied. This case highlights the use of a specific treatment option from a number of available options in emergency situations.  (+info)

Management consideration in nonpulmonary visceral metastatic seminoma of testis. (3/463)

To develop a more appropriate therapeutic strategy for treatment of nonpulmonary visceral metastatic testicular seminoma based on the International Germ Cell Consensus Classification, we reviewed the medical records of patients with nonpulmonary visceral metastatic testicular seminoma who were treated over a 20-year period. Only 15 (2.2%) of the 686 cases of testicular seminoma were nonpulmonary visceral metastatic seminoma. The median age of patients was 38 years (range, 22-53 years). Ten (67%) of the patients had an initial diagnosis of supradiaphragmatic or visceral metastatic disease. In addition to nonpulmonary visceral metastasis, all patients had lymph node metastasis as well, the majority of which involved the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. The median and mean progression-free survival durations after chemotherapy for advanced disease were 19 months and 63.7 months, respectively. Six patients (40%) survived, five relapsed after radiation therapy and four died of chemorefractory disease not dependent on the specific regimen. Although the number of cases reviewed in this study was small, we conclude that the choice of chemotherapeutic regimen among the current treatments for nonpulmonary visceral metastatic seminoma of testis primary does not present a different outcome. Therefore, multimodality therapies using new strategies or new agents are well indicated.  (+info)

Laparoscopic exploration in the management of retroperitoneal masses. (4/463)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The isolated finding of a retroperitoneal mass (RM) often represents a diagnostic challenge. Image-guided biopsy is frequently inadequate for diagnosis. With increasing experience, the use of laparoscopy for exploration of an indeterminate RM may provide a minimally invasive alternative to open exploration. Herein, we present a retrospective review of our initial four laparoscopic explorations, comparing our experience to four contemporary open explorations for an RM. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From July 1995 to January 1998, four patients, aged 50 to 62 years old, with an RM of undetermined etiology underwent laparoscopic exploration. Another four patients underwent open exploration at the same hospital. The medical records of these patients were reviewed. RESULTS: The tumors were smaller in the laparoscopic group, averaging 3.7 cm (range 2-6 cm) vs 6.5 cm (range 1-10 cm) in the open group. A definitive diagnosis was obtained for all eight patients. Postoperative complications were observed in one of the laparoscopic explorations, and in three of the open explorations; there was no operative mortality. The blood loss (90 vs 440 ml), fall in hematocrit (5.1 vs 7.8%), time to resumption of a regular diet (3 vs 5 days), amount of morphine sulfate equivalents required for analgesia (128 mg vs 161 mg), time to ambulation (2.3 vs 6 days) and hospital stay (4.8 vs 6 days) were all less among the laparoscopy patients. However, the operative time was longer for the laparoscopic procedure; this time included stent placement and patient repositioning in addition to the time for laparoscopic excision of the mass (7.8 vs 4.3 hours). CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic exploration appears to be a viable alternative to open exploration in patients presenting with a retroperitoneal mass. It is as effective as an open procedure and provides benefits with regard to patient morbidity and convalescence. However, operative time for this laparoscopic procedure is lengthy.  (+info)

Positron emission tomography scans in the evaluation of postchemotherapy residual masses in patients with seminoma. (5/463)

PURPOSE: To assess the ability of positron emission tomography (PET) scans in differentiating between necrosis and viable seminoma in postchemotherapy (PC) residual disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective study of 29 patients with seminoma at Indiana University. All patients had PC residual disease. Computed tomography and PET scans were performed for 19 patients after primary chemotherapy (group A) and for 10 patients after salvage chemotherapy (group B). RESULTS: In group A, the PC masses were >/= 3 cm in 14 patients, less than 3 cm in three patients, and not quantified in two patients. All of the patients in group A had negative PET scan results and have had stable or decreasing residual mass size (median follow-up duration, 11.5 months; range, 6 to 26 months). In group B, the PC masses were >/= 3 cm in four patients, less than 3 cm in five patients, and not quantified in one patient. One patient had a positive PET scan result for a posterior mediastinal mass. Pathologic diagnosis of the PET-positive mass showed only necrotic tissue. The same patient had a negative PET scan of the retroperitoneal mass but relapsed in that area. Overall, of patients in group B, five have stable or decreasing mass (median follow-up duration, 8 months; range, 7 to 22 months), and five had relapsed disease. CONCLUSION: PET scans have no apparent benefit in PC evaluation of residual masses in bulky seminoma.  (+info)

Retroperitonial, teratoma as fetus in fetu--a case report. (6/463)

We report a rare case of Retroperitonial teratoma containing Axial Skeleton long bone. Jaw, pelvis & scapula in a 27 yrs old male. Aberration in monozygotic twinning may rarely present as Fetus in Fetu. Rarer is presentation in Adult.  (+info)

LMCE3 treatment strategy: results in 99 consecutively diagnosed stage 4 neuroblastomas in children older than 1 year at diagnosis. (7/463)

PURPOSE: To tailor postinduction therapy for stage 4 neuroblastoma in children who are older than 1 year at diagnosis according to status after induction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From March 1987 to December 1992, 99 patients who were consecutively admitted were included in the Lyon-Marseille-Curie East of France (LMCE)3 strategy. After induction with the French Society of Pediatric Oncology NB87 regimen and surgery, patients who were in complete remission immediately proceeded to consolidation therapy with vincristine, melphalan, and fractionated total-body irradiation (VMT). All other patients underwent a postinduction strategy before VMT, either an additional megatherapy regimen or further chemotherapy with etoposide/carboplatin. RESULTS: The progression-free survival (PFS) is 29% at 7 years from diagnosis, which compares favorably with that of a similar cohort of 72 patients previously reported by our group (LMCE1; PFS of 20% at 5 years and 8% at 14 years, P =.004). In the multivariate analysis, only age younger than 3 years at diagnosis (P =.0085) and achievement of complete or very good partial remission after NB87 and surgery (P =.00024) remained significant. The PFS of the 87 patients who were included in the postinduction strategy was significantly better than that of the comparable 62 patients on the LMCE1 study (32% v 11% at 7 years; P =.005). CONCLUSION: The progressive improvements in the LMCE results over the last 10 years suggest that improvements in supportive care measures and increases in each component of this strategy (induction, postinduction, consolidation) may all contribute to increased survival rates.  (+info)

Cyclophosphamide and carboplatin and selective consolidation in advanced seminoma. (8/463)

This prospective Phase II study assesses the clinical efficacy and complications of a treatment regimen of combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and carboplatin and selective consolidation in advanced seminoma. Of 46 patients who entered the study between December 1992 and October 1998, 46 were evaluable. Thirty-two achieved a complete remission (70%; 95% confidence interval, 56-83%) after chemotherapy alone. Fourteen achieved a complete remission (30%; 95% confidence interval, 18-46%) after chemotherapy plus consolidation. Forty-three of the 46 patients (93%; 95% confidence interval, 82-97%) remained in remission after a median follow-up period of 27.4 months. No patient experienced nephrotoxic, neurotoxic, or ototoxic effects or hemorrhagic cystitis. No patient had neutropenic fever requiring hospitalization. Thirteen % required platelet transfusions, and 9% required transfusions of packed RBCs. For patients with advanced seminoma, treatment with cyclophosphamide and carboplatin and selective consolidation is safe and effective.  (+info)

Retroperitoneal neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors that develop in the retroperitoneal space. This is the area located behind the peritoneum, which is the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs. The retroperitoneal space contains several vital structures such as the kidneys, adrenal glands, pancreas, aorta, and lymphatic vessels.

Retroperitoneal neoplasms can be benign or malignant (cancerous). Malignant retroperitoneal neoplasms are often aggressive and can invade surrounding tissues and organs, leading to various complications. Common types of retroperitoneal neoplasms include lymphomas, sarcomas, and metastatic tumors from other primary sites. Symptoms may vary depending on the size and location of the tumor but can include abdominal or back pain, weight loss, and swelling in the legs. Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies such as CT scans or MRI, followed by a biopsy to determine the type and grade of the tumor. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches.

The retroperitoneal space refers to the area within the abdominal cavity that is located behind (retro) the peritoneum, which is the smooth serous membrane that lines the inner wall of the abdomen and covers the abdominal organs. This space is divided into several compartments and contains vital structures such as the kidneys, adrenal glands, pancreas, duodenum, aorta, and vena cava.

The retroperitoneal space can be further categorized into two regions:

1. The posterior pararenal space, which is lateral to the psoas muscle and contains fat tissue.
2. The perirenal space, which surrounds the kidneys and adrenal glands and is filled with fatty connective tissue.

Disorders or conditions affecting the retroperitoneal space may include infections, tumors, hematomas, or inflammation, which can lead to various symptoms depending on the specific structures involved. Imaging techniques such as CT scans or MRI are commonly used to diagnose and assess retroperitoneal pathologies.

Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is a rare and progressive condition characterized by the abnormal growth of fibrous tissue in the retroperitoneal space, which is the area behind the peritoneum (the lining that covers the abdominal cavity). This fibrous tissue can encase and compress vital structures such as the ureters, blood vessels, and nerves, leading to various symptoms.

RPF can be idiopathic (without a known cause) or secondary to other conditions like infections, malignancies, autoimmune diseases, or medications. The exact pathogenesis of RPF is not fully understood, but it's believed that an abnormal immune response and inflammation play significant roles in its development.

Symptoms of RPF may include:

1. Flank pain or back pain
2. Renal insufficiency or kidney failure due to ureteral compression
3. Hydronephrosis (dilatation of the renal pelvis and calyces)
4. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) due to vascular compression
5. Neurological symptoms due to nerve compression
6. Weight loss, fatigue, and fever (in some cases)

Diagnosis of RPF typically involves imaging studies such as computed tomography (CT) scans or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), along with laboratory tests and sometimes biopsy for confirmation. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause but generally involve immunosuppressive medications, corticosteroids, and surgical intervention in severe cases.

Liposarcoma is a type of soft tissue sarcoma, which is a cancer that develops in the soft tissues of the body, such as fat, muscle, nerves, blood vessels, and fibrous tissues. Specifically, liposarcoma arises from fat cells (adipocytes) or their precursors.

There are several subtypes of liposarcoma, which differ in their appearance under the microscope, genetic features, and clinical behavior. These include well-differentiated, dedifferentiated, myxoid, round cell, and pleomorphic liposarcomas. The most common sites for liposarcoma are the thigh, retroperitoneum (the area behind the abdominal cavity), and the buttock.

Liposarcomas can grow slowly or rapidly, and they may spread to other parts of the body (metastasize) through the bloodstream or lymphatic system. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the tumor, often followed by radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. The prognosis for liposarcoma depends on several factors, including the type and grade of the tumor, its size and location, and whether it has spread to other parts of the body.

Testicular neoplasms are abnormal growths or tumors in the testicle that can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). They are a type of genitourinary cancer, which affects the reproductive and urinary systems. Testicular neoplasms can occur in men of any age but are most commonly found in young adults between the ages of 15 and 40.

Testicular neoplasms can be classified into two main categories: germ cell tumors and non-germ cell tumors. Germ cell tumors, which arise from the cells that give rise to sperm, are further divided into seminomas and non-seminomas. Seminomas are typically slow-growing and have a good prognosis, while non-seminomas tend to grow more quickly and can spread to other parts of the body.

Non-germ cell tumors are less common than germ cell tumors and include Leydig cell tumors, Sertoli cell tumors, and lymphomas. These tumors can have a variety of clinical behaviors, ranging from benign to malignant.

Testicular neoplasms often present as a painless mass or swelling in the testicle. Other symptoms may include a feeling of heaviness or discomfort in the scrotum, a dull ache in the lower abdomen or groin, and breast enlargement (gynecomastia).

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT scan, and blood tests to detect tumor markers. Treatment options depend on the type and stage of the neoplasm but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these modalities. Regular self-examinations of the testicles are recommended for early detection and improved outcomes.

Neoplasms, germ cell and embryonal are types of tumors that originate from the abnormal growth of cells. Here's a brief medical definition for each:

1. Neoplasms: Neoplasms refer to abnormal tissue growths or masses, which can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). They result from uncontrolled cell division and may invade surrounding tissues or spread to other parts of the body through a process called metastasis.
2. Germ Cell Tumors: These are rare tumors that develop from the germ cells, which give rise to sperm and eggs in the reproductive organs (ovaries and testes). They can be benign or malignant and may occur in both children and adults. Germ cell tumors can also arise outside of the reproductive organs, a condition known as extragonadal germ cell tumors.
3. Embryonal Tumors: These are a type of malignant neoplasm that primarily affects infants and young children. They develop from embryonic cells, which are immature cells present during fetal development. Embryonal tumors can occur in various organs, including the brain (medulloblastomas), nervous system (primitive neuroectodermal tumors or PNETs), and other areas like the kidneys and liver.

It is essential to note that these conditions require professional medical evaluation and treatment by healthcare professionals with expertise in oncology and related fields.

X-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is a medical imaging method that uses computer-processed combinations of many X-ray images taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional (tomographic) images (virtual "slices") of the body. These cross-sectional images can then be used to display detailed internal views of organs, bones, and soft tissues in the body.

The term "computed tomography" is used instead of "CT scan" or "CAT scan" because the machines take a series of X-ray measurements from different angles around the body and then use a computer to process these data to create detailed images of internal structures within the body.

CT scanning is a noninvasive, painless medical test that helps physicians diagnose and treat medical conditions. CT imaging provides detailed information about many types of tissue including lung, bone, soft tissue and blood vessels. CT examinations can be performed on every part of the body for a variety of reasons including diagnosis, surgical planning, and monitoring of therapeutic responses.

In computed tomography (CT), an X-ray source and detector rotate around the patient, measuring the X-ray attenuation at many different angles. A computer uses this data to construct a cross-sectional image by the process of reconstruction. This technique is called "tomography". The term "computed" refers to the use of a computer to reconstruct the images.

CT has become an important tool in medical imaging and diagnosis, allowing radiologists and other physicians to view detailed internal images of the body. It can help identify many different medical conditions including cancer, heart disease, lung nodules, liver tumors, and internal injuries from trauma. CT is also commonly used for guiding biopsies and other minimally invasive procedures.

In summary, X-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is a medical imaging technique that uses computer-processed combinations of many X-ray images taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional images of the body. It provides detailed internal views of organs, bones, and soft tissues in the body, allowing physicians to diagnose and treat medical conditions.

Pancreatic neoplasms refer to abnormal growths in the pancreas that can be benign or malignant. The pancreas is a gland located behind the stomach that produces hormones and digestive enzymes. Pancreatic neoplasms can interfere with the normal functioning of the pancreas, leading to various health complications.

Benign pancreatic neoplasms are non-cancerous growths that do not spread to other parts of the body. They are usually removed through surgery to prevent any potential complications, such as blocking the bile duct or causing pain.

Malignant pancreatic neoplasms, also known as pancreatic cancer, are cancerous growths that can invade and destroy surrounding tissues and organs. They can also spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body, such as the liver, lungs, or bones. Pancreatic cancer is often aggressive and difficult to treat, with a poor prognosis.

There are several types of pancreatic neoplasms, including adenocarcinomas, neuroendocrine tumors, solid pseudopapillary neoplasms, and cystic neoplasms. The specific type of neoplasm is determined through various diagnostic tests, such as imaging studies, biopsies, and blood tests. Treatment options depend on the type, stage, and location of the neoplasm, as well as the patient's overall health and preferences.

Lymph node excision is a surgical procedure in which one or more lymph nodes are removed from the body for the purpose of examination. This procedure is often conducted to help diagnose or stage various types of cancer, as malignant cells may spread to the lymphatic system and eventually accumulate within nearby lymph nodes.

During a lymph node excision, an incision is made in the skin overlying the affected lymph node(s). The surgeon carefully dissects the tissue surrounding the lymph node(s) to isolate them from adjacent structures before removing them. In some cases, a sentinel lymph node biopsy may be performed instead, where only the sentinel lymph node (the first lymph node to which cancer cells are likely to spread) is removed and examined.

The excised lymph nodes are then sent to a laboratory for histopathological examination, which involves staining and microscopic evaluation of the tissue to determine whether it contains any malignant cells. The results of this examination can help guide further treatment decisions and provide valuable prognostic information.

A ganglioneuroma is a type of benign (noncancerous) tumor that arises from the nerve cells called ganglia in the autonomic nervous system. These tumors typically develop in the abdomen or chest and are most commonly found in children and adolescents, although they can occur at any age.

Ganglioneuromas are composed of mature nerve cells (ganglion cells) and supporting tissue called stroma. They tend to grow slowly and usually do not cause any symptoms unless they become very large or press on nearby organs. In some cases, ganglioneuromas may produce hormones that can cause symptoms such as diarrhea, flushing, or heart palpitations.

While ganglioneuromas are generally benign, there is a small risk that they may become malignant (cancerous) and develop into a type of tumor called a ganglioneuroblastoma or neuroblastoma. For this reason, it is important to monitor these tumors closely and remove them if they grow too large or cause symptoms.

Treatment for ganglioneuromas typically involves surgical removal of the tumor. In some cases, radiation therapy or chemotherapy may also be recommended, particularly if there is a risk of malignant transformation.

Sarcoma is a type of cancer that develops from certain types of connective tissue (such as muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, blood vessels, or nerves) found throughout the body. It can occur in any part of the body, but it most commonly occurs in the arms, legs, chest, and abdomen.

Sarcomas are classified into two main groups: bone sarcomas and soft tissue sarcomas. Bone sarcomas develop in the bones, while soft tissue sarcomas develop in the soft tissues of the body, such as muscles, tendons, ligaments, fat, blood vessels, and nerves.

Sarcomas can be further classified into many subtypes based on their specific characteristics, such as the type of tissue they originate from, their genetic makeup, and their appearance under a microscope. The different subtypes of sarcoma have varying symptoms, prognoses, and treatment options.

Overall, sarcomas are relatively rare cancers, accounting for less than 1% of all cancer diagnoses in the United States each year. However, they can be aggressive and may require intensive treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

Laparoscopy is a surgical procedure that involves the insertion of a laparoscope, which is a thin tube with a light and camera attached to it, through small incisions in the abdomen. This allows the surgeon to view the internal organs without making large incisions. It's commonly used to diagnose and treat various conditions such as endometriosis, ovarian cysts, infertility, and appendicitis. The advantages of laparoscopy over traditional open surgery include smaller incisions, less pain, shorter hospital stays, and quicker recovery times.

A neurilemmoma, also known as schwannoma or peripheral nerve sheath tumor, is a benign, slow-growing tumor that arises from the Schwann cells, which produce the myelin sheath that surrounds and insulates peripheral nerves. These tumors can occur anywhere along the course of a peripheral nerve, but they most commonly affect the acoustic nerve (vestibulocochlear nerve), leading to a type of tumor called vestibular schwannoma or acoustic neuroma. Neurilemmomas are typically encapsulated and do not invade the surrounding tissue, although larger ones may cause pressure-related symptoms due to compression of nearby structures. Rarely, these tumors can undergo malignant transformation, leading to a condition called malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor or neurofibrosarcoma.

Mucinous cystadenoma is a type of benign tumor that arises from the epithelial cells lining the mucous membranes of the body. It is most commonly found in the ovary, but can also occur in other locations such as the pancreas or appendix.

Mucinous cystadenomas are characterized by the production of large amounts of mucin, a slippery, gel-like substance that accumulates inside the tumor and causes it to grow into a cystic mass. These tumors can vary in size, ranging from a few centimeters to over 20 centimeters in diameter.

While mucinous cystadenomas are generally benign, they have the potential to become cancerous (mucinous cystadenocarcinoma) if left untreated. Symptoms of mucinous cystadenoma may include abdominal pain or swelling, bloating, and changes in bowel movements or urinary habits. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the tumor.

Ureteral obstruction is a medical condition characterized by the partial or complete blockage of the ureter, which is the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder. This blockage can be caused by various factors such as kidney stones, tumors, blood clots, or scar tissue, leading to a backup of urine in the kidney (hydronephrosis). Ureteral obstruction can cause pain, infection, and potential kidney damage if not treated promptly.

Abdominal neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the abdomen that can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). These growths can occur in any of the organs within the abdominal cavity, including the stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas, spleen, and kidneys.

Abdominal neoplasms can cause various symptoms depending on their size, location, and type. Some common symptoms include abdominal pain or discomfort, bloating, changes in bowel habits, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, and fever. In some cases, abdominal neoplasms may not cause any symptoms until they have grown quite large or spread to other parts of the body.

The diagnosis of abdominal neoplasms typically involves a combination of physical exam, medical history, imaging studies such as CT scans or MRIs, and sometimes biopsy to confirm the type of tumor. Treatment options depend on the type, stage, and location of the neoplasm but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or a combination of these approaches.

Kidney neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the kidney tissues that can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). These growths can originate from various types of kidney cells, including the renal tubules, glomeruli, and the renal pelvis.

Malignant kidney neoplasms are also known as kidney cancers, with renal cell carcinoma being the most common type. Benign kidney neoplasms include renal adenomas, oncocytomas, and angiomyolipomas. While benign neoplasms are generally not life-threatening, they can still cause problems if they grow large enough to compromise kidney function or if they undergo malignant transformation.

Early detection and appropriate management of kidney neoplasms are crucial for improving patient outcomes and overall prognosis. Regular medical check-ups, imaging studies, and urinalysis can help in the early identification of these growths, allowing for timely intervention and treatment.

Neoplasms are abnormal growths of cells or tissues in the body that serve no physiological function. They can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign neoplasms are typically slow growing and do not spread to other parts of the body, while malignant neoplasms are aggressive, invasive, and can metastasize to distant sites.

Neoplasms occur when there is a dysregulation in the normal process of cell division and differentiation, leading to uncontrolled growth and accumulation of cells. This can result from genetic mutations or other factors such as viral infections, environmental exposures, or hormonal imbalances.

Neoplasms can develop in any organ or tissue of the body and can cause various symptoms depending on their size, location, and type. Treatment options for neoplasms include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy, among others.

A laparotomy is a surgical procedure that involves making an incision in the abdominal wall to gain access to the abdominal cavity. This procedure is typically performed to diagnose and treat various conditions such as abdominal trauma, tumors, infections, or inflammatory diseases. The size of the incision can vary depending on the reason for the surgery and the extent of the condition being treated. Once the procedure is complete, the incision is closed with sutures or staples.

The term "laparotomy" comes from the Greek words "lapara," which means "flank" or "side," and "tome," which means "to cut." Together, they describe the surgical procedure that involves cutting into the abdomen to examine its contents.

Leiomyosarcoma is a type of cancer that arises from the smooth muscle cells, which are responsible for the involuntary contractions of various organs and blood vessels. It most commonly occurs in the uterus, soft tissues (such as muscles and fat), and the gastrointestinal tract.

Leiomyosarcomas can vary in their aggressiveness and may spread to other parts of the body (metastasize) through the bloodstream or lymphatic system. The prognosis for leiomyosarcoma depends on several factors, including the location and size of the tumor, the patient's age and overall health, and the extent of metastasis. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the tumor, along with radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy to help prevent recurrence or spread of the cancer.

A germinoma is a type of tumor that develops in the brain or the spine, primarily in the pituitary gland or pineal gland. It is a rare form of primary central nervous system (CNS) cancer and is classified as a type of germ cell tumor. These tumors arise from cells that normally develop into sperm or eggs, which can migrate to unusual locations during embryonic development.

Germinomas are highly sensitive to radiation therapy and chemotherapy, making them generally treatable and curable with appropriate medical intervention. Symptoms of a germinoma may include headaches, nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, hormonal imbalances, and neurological deficits, depending on the location and size of the tumor. Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies like MRI or CT scans, followed by a biopsy to confirm the presence of malignant cells.

A hematoma is defined as a localized accumulation of blood in a tissue, organ, or body space caused by a break in the wall of a blood vessel. This can result from various causes such as trauma, surgery, or certain medical conditions that affect coagulation. The severity and size of a hematoma may vary depending on the location and extent of the bleeding. Symptoms can include swelling, pain, bruising, and decreased mobility in the affected area. Treatment options depend on the size and location of the hematoma but may include observation, compression, ice, elevation, or in some cases, surgical intervention.

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma is a type of cancer that arises from the mucin-producing cells in the lining of a cyst. It is a subtype of cystadenocarcinoma, which is a malignant tumor that develops within a cyst. Mucinous cystadenocarcinomas are typically found in the ovary or pancreas but can also occur in other organs such as the appendix and the respiratory tract.

These tumors are characterized by the production of large amounts of mucin, a gel-like substance that can accumulate within the cyst and cause it to grow. Mucinous cystadenocarcinomas tend to grow slowly but can become quite large and may eventually spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body if left untreated.

Symptoms of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma depend on the location and size of the tumor, but they may include abdominal pain or discomfort, bloating, changes in bowel movements, or vaginal bleeding. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the tumor, followed by chemotherapy or radiation therapy to kill any remaining cancer cells. The prognosis for mucinous cystadenocarcinoma depends on several factors, including the stage of the disease at diagnosis and the patient's overall health.

A teratoma is a type of germ cell tumor, which is a broad category of tumors that originate from the reproductive cells. A teratoma contains developed tissues from all three embryonic germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This means that a teratoma can contain various types of tissue such as hair, teeth, bone, and even more complex organs like eyes, thyroid, or neural tissue.

Teratomas are usually benign (non-cancerous), but they can sometimes be malignant (cancerous) and can spread to other parts of the body. They can occur anywhere in the body, but they're most commonly found in the ovaries and testicles. When found in these areas, they are typically removed surgically.

Teratomas can also occur in other locations such as the sacrum, coccyx (tailbone), mediastinum (the area between the lungs), and pineal gland (a small gland in the brain). These types of teratomas can be more complex to treat due to their location and potential to cause damage to nearby structures.

Neoplasms: Neoplasms refer to abnormal growths of tissue that can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). They occur when the normal control mechanisms that regulate cell growth and division are disrupted, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation.

Cystic Neoplasms: Cystic neoplasms are tumors that contain fluid-filled sacs or cysts. These tumors can be benign or malignant and can occur in various organs of the body, including the pancreas, ovary, and liver.

Mucinous Neoplasms: Mucinous neoplasms are a type of cystic neoplasm that is characterized by the production of mucin, a gel-like substance produced by certain types of cells. These tumors can occur in various organs, including the ovary, pancreas, and colon. Mucinous neoplasms can be benign or malignant, and malignant forms are often aggressive and have a poor prognosis.

Serous Neoplasms: Serous neoplasms are another type of cystic neoplasm that is characterized by the production of serous fluid, which is a thin, watery fluid. These tumors commonly occur in the ovary and can be benign or malignant. Malignant serous neoplasms are often aggressive and have a poor prognosis.

In summary, neoplasms refer to abnormal tissue growths that can be benign or malignant. Cystic neoplasms contain fluid-filled sacs and can occur in various organs of the body. Mucinous neoplasms produce a gel-like substance called mucin and can also occur in various organs, while serous neoplasms produce thin, watery fluid and commonly occur in the ovary. Both mucinous and serous neoplasms can be benign or malignant, with malignant forms often being aggressive and having a poor prognosis.

Treatment outcome is a term used to describe the result or effect of medical treatment on a patient's health status. It can be measured in various ways, such as through symptoms improvement, disease remission, reduced disability, improved quality of life, or survival rates. The treatment outcome helps healthcare providers evaluate the effectiveness of a particular treatment plan and make informed decisions about future care. It is also used in clinical research to compare the efficacy of different treatments and improve patient care.

An abdominal abscess is a localized collection of pus in the abdominal cavity, caused by an infection. It can occur as a result of complications from surgery, trauma, or inflammatory conditions such as appendicitis or diverticulitis. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, fever, and tenderness at the site of the abscess. Abdominal abscesses can be serious and require medical treatment, which may include antibiotics, drainage of the abscess, or surgery.

Organ sparing treatments refer to medical interventions that are designed to preserve the structure and function of an organ, while still effectively treating the underlying disease or condition. These treatments can include surgical techniques, radiation therapy, or medications that aim to target specific cells or processes involved in the disease, while minimizing damage to healthy tissues.

Organ sparing treatments may be used in a variety of medical contexts, such as cancer treatment, where the goal is to eliminate malignant cells while preserving as much normal tissue as possible. For example, radiation therapy may be delivered with precise techniques that limit exposure to surrounding organs, or medications may be used to target specific receptors on cancer cells, reducing the need for more extensive surgical interventions.

Similarly, in the context of kidney disease, organ sparing treatments may include medications that help control blood pressure and reduce proteinuria (protein in the urine), which can help slow the progression of kidney damage and potentially delay or prevent the need for dialysis or transplantation.

Overall, organ sparing treatments represent an important area of medical research and practice, as they offer the potential to improve patient outcomes, reduce treatment-related morbidity, and maintain quality of life.

Multiple primary neoplasms refer to the occurrence of more than one primary malignant tumor in an individual, where each tumor is unrelated to the other and originates from separate cells or organs. This differs from metastatic cancer, where a single malignancy spreads to multiple sites in the body. Multiple primary neoplasms can be synchronous (occurring at the same time) or metachronous (occurring at different times). The risk of developing multiple primary neoplasms increases with age and is associated with certain genetic predispositions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices such as smoking and alcohol consumption.

The inferior vena cava (IVC) is the largest vein in the human body that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower extremities, pelvis, and abdomen to the right atrium of the heart. It is formed by the union of the left and right common iliac veins at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra. The inferior vena cava is a retroperitoneal structure, meaning it lies behind the peritoneum, the lining that covers the abdominal cavity. It ascends through the posterior abdominal wall and passes through the central tendon of the diaphragm to enter the thoracic cavity.

The inferior vena cava is composed of three parts:

1. The infrarenal portion, which lies below the renal veins
2. The renal portion, which receives blood from the renal veins
3. The suprahepatic portion, which lies above the liver and receives blood from the hepatic veins before draining into the right atrium of the heart.

The inferior vena cava plays a crucial role in maintaining venous return to the heart and contributing to cardiovascular function.

Seminoma is a type of germ cell tumor that develops in the testicle. It is a malignant tumor, meaning it can spread to other parts of the body if left untreated. Seminomas are typically slow-growing and tend to remain localized to the testicle for a longer period compared to other types of testicular cancer. They usually occur in men between the ages of 25 and 45 but can develop at any age.

Seminomas can be classified into two main subtypes: classical seminoma and spermatocytic seminoma. Classical seminoma is more common and typically responds well to treatment, while spermatocytic seminoma is rarer and tends to have a better prognosis with a lower risk of spreading.

Seminomas are usually treated with surgery to remove the affected testicle (orchiectomy), followed by radiation therapy or chemotherapy to kill any remaining cancer cells. The prognosis for seminoma is generally good, especially when caught and treated early. Regular self-examinations of the testicles can help detect any lumps or abnormalities that may indicate the presence of a seminoma or other type of testicular cancer.

Duodenal obstruction is a medical condition characterized by the blockage or impediment of the normal flow of contents through the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine. This blockage can be partial or complete and can be caused by various factors such as:

1. Congenital abnormalities: Duodenal atresia or stenosis, where there is a congenital absence or narrowing of a portion of the duodenum.
2. Inflammatory conditions: Duodenitis, Crohn's disease, or tumors that cause swelling and inflammation in the duodenum.
3. Mechanical obstructions: Gallstones, tumors, strictures, or adhesions (scar tissue) from previous surgeries can physically block the duodenum.
4. Neuromuscular disorders: Conditions like progressive systemic sclerosis or amyloidosis that affect the neuromuscular function of the intestines can lead to duodenal obstruction.

Symptoms of duodenal obstruction may include nausea, vomiting (often with bilious or fecal matter), abdominal pain, distention, and decreased bowel movements. Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies such as X-rays, CT scans, or upper gastrointestinal series to visualize the blockage. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may involve surgery, endoscopic procedures, or medications to manage symptoms and address the obstruction.

Nephrectomy is a surgical procedure in which all or part of a kidney is removed. It may be performed due to various reasons such as severe kidney damage, kidney cancer, or living donor transplantation. The type of nephrectomy depends on the reason for the surgery - a simple nephrectomy involves removing only the affected portion of the kidney, while a radical nephrectomy includes removal of the whole kidney along with its surrounding tissues like the adrenal gland and lymph nodes.

Retrospective studies, also known as retrospective research or looking back studies, are a type of observational study that examines data from the past to draw conclusions about possible causal relationships between risk factors and outcomes. In these studies, researchers analyze existing records, medical charts, or previously collected data to test a hypothesis or answer a specific research question.

Retrospective studies can be useful for generating hypotheses and identifying trends, but they have limitations compared to prospective studies, which follow participants forward in time from exposure to outcome. Retrospective studies are subject to biases such as recall bias, selection bias, and information bias, which can affect the validity of the results. Therefore, retrospective studies should be interpreted with caution and used primarily to generate hypotheses for further testing in prospective studies.

Vascular neoplasms are a type of tumor that develops from cells that line the blood vessels or lymphatic vessels. These tumors can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign vascular neoplasms, such as hemangiomas and lymphangiomas, are usually harmless and may not require treatment unless they cause symptoms or complications. Malignant vascular neoplasms, on the other hand, are known as angiosarcomas and can be aggressive, spreading to other parts of the body and potentially causing serious health problems.

Angiosarcomas can develop in any part of the body but are most commonly found in the skin, particularly in areas exposed to radiation or chronic lymph edema. They can also occur in the breast, liver, spleen, and heart. Treatment for vascular neoplasms depends on the type, location, size, and stage of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches.

Local neoplasm recurrence is the return or regrowth of a tumor in the same location where it was originally removed or treated. This means that cancer cells have survived the initial treatment and started to grow again in the same area. It's essential to monitor and detect any local recurrence as early as possible, as it can affect the prognosis and may require additional treatment.

An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a localized dilatation or bulging of the abdominal aorta, which is the largest artery in the body that supplies oxygenated blood to the trunk and lower extremities. Normally, the diameter of the abdominal aorta measures about 2 centimeters (cm) in adults. However, when the diameter of the aorta exceeds 3 cm, it is considered an aneurysm.

AAA can occur anywhere along the length of the abdominal aorta, but it most commonly occurs below the renal arteries and above the iliac bifurcation. The exact cause of AAA remains unclear, but several risk factors have been identified, including smoking, hypertension, advanced age, male gender, family history, and certain genetic disorders such as Marfan syndrome and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

The main concern with AAA is the risk of rupture, which can lead to life-threatening internal bleeding. The larger the aneurysm, the greater the risk of rupture. Symptoms of AAA may include abdominal or back pain, a pulsating mass in the abdomen, or symptoms related to compression of surrounding structures such as the kidneys, ureters, or nerves. However, many AAAs are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally during imaging studies performed for other reasons.

Diagnosis of AAA typically involves imaging tests such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Treatment options depend on the size and location of the aneurysm, as well as the patient's overall health status. Small AAAs that are not causing symptoms may be monitored with regular imaging studies to assess for growth. Larger AAAs or those that are growing rapidly may require surgical repair, either through open surgery or endovascular repair using a stent graft.

The iliac arteries are major branches of the abdominal aorta, the large artery that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body. The iliac arteries divide into two branches, the common iliac arteries, which further bifurcate into the internal and external iliac arteries.

The internal iliac artery supplies blood to the lower abdomen, pelvis, and the reproductive organs, while the external iliac artery provides blood to the lower extremities, including the legs and feet. Together, the iliac arteries play a crucial role in circulating blood throughout the body, ensuring that all tissues and organs receive the oxygen and nutrients they need to function properly.

Adrenal gland neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the adrenal glands. These glands are located on top of each kidney and are responsible for producing hormones that regulate various bodily functions such as metabolism, blood pressure, and stress response. Adrenal gland neoplasms can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).

Benign adrenal tumors are called adenomas and are usually small and asymptomatic. However, some adenomas may produce excessive amounts of hormones, leading to symptoms such as high blood pressure, weight gain, and mood changes.

Malignant adrenal tumors are called adrenocortical carcinomas and are rare but aggressive cancers that can spread to other parts of the body. Symptoms of adrenocortical carcinoma may include abdominal pain, weight loss, and hormonal imbalances.

It is important to diagnose and treat adrenal gland neoplasms early to prevent complications and improve outcomes. Diagnostic tests may include imaging studies such as CT scans or MRIs, as well as hormone level testing and biopsy. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches.

Soft tissue neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors that develop in the soft tissues of the body. Soft tissues include muscles, tendons, ligaments, fascia, nerves, blood vessels, fat, and synovial membranes (the thin layer of cells that line joints and tendons). Neoplasms can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous), and their behavior and potential for spread depend on the specific type of neoplasm.

Benign soft tissue neoplasms are typically slow-growing, well-circumscribed, and rarely spread to other parts of the body. They can often be removed surgically with a low risk of recurrence. Examples of benign soft tissue neoplasms include lipomas (fat tumors), schwannomas (nerve sheath tumors), and hemangiomas (blood vessel tumors).

Malignant soft tissue neoplasms, on the other hand, can grow rapidly, invade surrounding tissues, and may metastasize (spread) to distant parts of the body. They are often more difficult to treat than benign neoplasms and require a multidisciplinary approach, including surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Examples of malignant soft tissue neoplasms include sarcomas, such as rhabdomyosarcoma (arising from skeletal muscle), leiomyosarcoma (arising from smooth muscle), and angiosarcoma (arising from blood vessels).

It is important to note that soft tissue neoplasms can occur in any part of the body, and their diagnosis and treatment require a thorough evaluation by a healthcare professional with expertise in this area.

A hernia is a protrusion of an organ or tissue through a weakened area in the abdominal wall, often appearing as a bulge beneath the skin. This condition can occur in various parts of the body such as the groin (inguinal hernia), navel (umbilical hernia), or site of a previous surgical incision (incisional hernia). Hernias may cause discomfort or pain, especially when straining, lifting heavy objects, or during bowel movements. In some cases, they may lead to serious complications like intestinal obstruction or strangulation, requiring immediate medical attention.

Pelvic neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors located in the pelvic region. These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). They can originate from various tissues within the pelvis, including the reproductive organs (such as ovaries, uterus, cervix, vagina, and vulva in women; and prostate, testicles, and penis in men), the urinary system (kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra), the gastrointestinal tract (colon, rectum, and anus), as well as the muscles, nerves, blood vessels, and other connective tissues.

Malignant pelvic neoplasms can invade surrounding tissues and spread to distant parts of the body (metastasize). The symptoms of pelvic neoplasms may vary depending on their location, size, and type but often include abdominal or pelvic pain, bloating, changes in bowel or bladder habits, unusual vaginal bleeding or discharge, and unintentional weight loss. Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial for improving the prognosis of malignant pelvic neoplasms.

Skin neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the skin that can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). They result from uncontrolled multiplication of skin cells, which can form various types of lesions. These growths may appear as lumps, bumps, sores, patches, or discolored areas on the skin.

Benign skin neoplasms include conditions such as moles, warts, and seborrheic keratoses, while malignant skin neoplasms are primarily classified into melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma. These three types of cancerous skin growths are collectively known as non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). Melanoma is the most aggressive and dangerous form of skin cancer, while NMSCs tend to be less invasive but more common.

It's essential to monitor any changes in existing skin lesions or the appearance of new growths and consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and treatment if needed.

The abdomen refers to the portion of the body that lies between the thorax (chest) and the pelvis. It is a musculo-fascial cavity containing the digestive, urinary, and reproductive organs. The abdominal cavity is divided into several regions and quadrants for medical description and examination purposes. These include the upper and lower abdomen, as well as nine quadrants formed by the intersection of the midline and a horizontal line drawn at the level of the umbilicus (navel).

The major organs located within the abdominal cavity include:

1. Stomach - muscular organ responsible for initial digestion of food
2. Small intestine - long, coiled tube where most nutrient absorption occurs
3. Large intestine - consists of the colon and rectum; absorbs water and stores waste products
4. Liver - largest internal organ, involved in protein synthesis, detoxification, and metabolism
5. Pancreas - secretes digestive enzymes and hormones such as insulin
6. Spleen - filters blood and removes old red blood cells
7. Kidneys - pair of organs responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and producing urine
8. Adrenal glands - sit atop each kidney, produce hormones that regulate metabolism, immune response, and stress response

The abdomen is an essential part of the human body, playing a crucial role in digestion, absorption, and elimination of food and waste materials, as well as various metabolic processes.

Hydronephrosis is a medical condition characterized by the swelling of one or both kidneys due to the accumulation of urine. This occurs when the flow of urine from the kidney to the bladder is obstructed, causing urine to back up into the kidney. The obstruction can be caused by various factors such as kidney stones, tumors, or congenital abnormalities. If left untreated, hydronephrosis can lead to serious complications including kidney damage and infection. It is typically diagnosed through imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI.

Neoplasm staging is a systematic process used in medicine to describe the extent of spread of a cancer, including the size and location of the original (primary) tumor and whether it has metastasized (spread) to other parts of the body. The most widely accepted system for this purpose is the TNM classification system developed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC).

In this system, T stands for tumor, and it describes the size and extent of the primary tumor. N stands for nodes, and it indicates whether the cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes. M stands for metastasis, and it shows whether the cancer has spread to distant parts of the body.

Each letter is followed by a number that provides more details about the extent of the disease. For example, a T1N0M0 cancer means that the primary tumor is small and has not spread to nearby lymph nodes or distant sites. The higher the numbers, the more advanced the cancer.

Staging helps doctors determine the most appropriate treatment for each patient and estimate the patient's prognosis. It is an essential tool for communication among members of the healthcare team and for comparing outcomes of treatments in clinical trials.

Chylous ascites is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of milky, fat-containing fluid in the peritoneal cavity, which is the space within the abdomen that contains the intestines, liver, and other organs. The fluid, called chyle, is normally found in the lymphatic system and is formed when dietary fats are absorbed from the small intestine.

Chylous ascites can occur as a result of damage to the lymphatic vessels that transport chyle from the intestines to the bloodstream. This damage can be caused by various conditions, such as trauma, surgery, tumors, inflammation, or congenital abnormalities. When the lymphatic vessels are damaged, chyle leaks into the peritoneal cavity and accumulates there, leading to ascites.

Symptoms of chylous ascites may include abdominal distension, pain, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. The condition can be diagnosed through various tests, such as imaging studies or analysis of the fluid in the peritoneal cavity. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the condition, as well as managing symptoms and preventing complications. This may include dietary modifications, medications to reduce lymphatic flow, or surgical interventions to repair damaged lymphatic vessels.

A lymphocele is a localized collection or sac filled with lymph fluid, which usually forms as a result of surgical dissection or injury to the lymphatic vessels. The accumulation of lymph fluid occurs due to the disruption of normal lymphatic drainage in the affected area.

Lymphoceles are most commonly found following surgeries involving the lymph nodes, such as pelvic, groin, or abdominal procedures. They can also occur after radiotherapy treatments that damage the lymphatic vessels. In some cases, lymphoceles may develop spontaneously due to underlying medical conditions affecting the lymphatic system.

While lymphoceles are generally not harmful on their own, they can cause complications such as infection, delayed wound healing, or impaired limb function if they become large enough to put pressure on surrounding tissues and organs. Treatment options for lymphoceles include compression garments, percutaneous drainage, sclerosis (the injection of a substance that causes the sac to stick together), or surgical removal in severe cases.

Hemoperitoneum is a medical condition characterized by the presence of blood in the peritoneal cavity, which is the space between the lining of the abdominal wall and the organs within it. This can occur due to various reasons such as trauma, rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, ectopic pregnancy, or other conditions that cause bleeding into the abdomen.

The accumulation of blood in the peritoneal cavity can lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, and hypovolemic shock due to blood loss. Hemoperitoneum is a serious medical condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent further complications.

Abdominal radiography, also known as a KUB (kidneys, ureters, bladder) X-ray, is a medical imaging technique used to examine the abdominal cavity. It involves using ionizing radiation to produce images of the internal structures of the abdomen, including the bones, organs, and soft tissues.

The procedure typically involves the patient lying down on a table while a specialized X-ray machine captures images of the abdomen from different angles. The images produced can help doctors diagnose and monitor a variety of conditions, such as kidney stones, intestinal obstructions, and abnormalities in the spine or other bones.

Abdominal radiography is a quick, painless, and non-invasive procedure that requires little preparation on the part of the patient. However, it does involve exposure to radiation, so it is typically only used when necessary and when other imaging techniques are not appropriate.

Pancreaticoduodenectomy, also known as the Whipple procedure, is a complex surgical operation that involves the removal of the head of the pancreas, the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine), the gallbladder, and the distal common bile duct. In some cases, a portion of the stomach may also be removed. The remaining parts of the pancreas, bile duct, and intestines are then reconnected to allow for the digestion of food and drainage of bile.

This procedure is typically performed as a treatment for various conditions affecting the pancreas, such as tumors (including pancreatic cancer), chronic pancreatitis, or traumatic injuries. It is a major surgical operation that requires significant expertise and experience to perform safely and effectively.

A lipoma is a common, benign (non-cancerous) soft tissue growth. It is composed of adipose or fatty tissue and typically found just beneath the skin, but they can also occur deeper within the body. Lipomas are usually round, moveable, and painless, although they may cause discomfort if they grow large enough to put pressure on nearby nerves or if they're located in a sensitive area. They generally grow slowly over time. Surgical removal is an option if the lipoma becomes bothersome or grows significantly in size. It's important to note that while lipomas are typically harmless, any new lumps or bumps should be evaluated by a healthcare professional to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other more serious conditions.

A fatal outcome is a term used in medical context to describe a situation where a disease, injury, or illness results in the death of an individual. It is the most severe and unfortunate possible outcome of any medical condition, and is often used as a measure of the severity and prognosis of various diseases and injuries. In clinical trials and research, fatal outcome may be used as an endpoint to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of different treatments or interventions.

Paraganglioma, extra-adrenal, is a type of rare tumor that develops in the nervous system's paraganglia, which are groups of specialized cells that are responsible for regulating blood pressure and other bodily functions. Unlike adrenal paragangliomas, which form in the adrenal glands located on top of the kidneys, extra-adrenal paragangliomas develop outside of the adrenal glands, in various locations along the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. These tumors can be functional or nonfunctional, meaning they may or may not produce hormones such as catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine). Functional extra-adrenal paragangliomas can cause symptoms related to excessive hormone production, including hypertension, sweating, headaches, and rapid heartbeat. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the tumor, along with preoperative preparation to manage potential hormonal imbalances.

Follow-up studies are a type of longitudinal research that involve repeated observations or measurements of the same variables over a period of time, in order to understand their long-term effects or outcomes. In medical context, follow-up studies are often used to evaluate the safety and efficacy of medical treatments, interventions, or procedures.

In a typical follow-up study, a group of individuals (called a cohort) who have received a particular treatment or intervention are identified and then followed over time through periodic assessments or data collection. The data collected may include information on clinical outcomes, adverse events, changes in symptoms or functional status, and other relevant measures.

The results of follow-up studies can provide important insights into the long-term benefits and risks of medical interventions, as well as help to identify factors that may influence treatment effectiveness or patient outcomes. However, it is important to note that follow-up studies can be subject to various biases and limitations, such as loss to follow-up, recall bias, and changes in clinical practice over time, which must be carefully considered when interpreting the results.

A ureter is a thin, muscular tube that transports urine from the kidney to the bladder. In humans, there are two ureters, one for each kidney, and they are typically about 10-12 inches long. The ureters are lined with a special type of cells called transitional epithelium that can stretch and expand as urine passes through them. They are located in the retroperitoneal space, which is the area behind the peritoneum, the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity. The ureters play a critical role in the urinary system by ensuring that urine flows from the kidneys to the bladder for storage and eventual elimination from the body.

Urologic surgical procedures refer to various types of surgeries that are performed on the urinary system and male reproductive system. These surgeries can be invasive (requiring an incision) or minimally invasive (using small incisions or scopes). They may be performed to treat a range of conditions, including but not limited to:

1. Kidney stones: Procedures such as shock wave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, and percutaneous nephrolithotomy are used to remove or break up kidney stones.
2. Urinary tract obstructions: Surgeries like pyeloplasty and urethral dilation can be done to correct blockages in the urinary tract.
3. Prostate gland issues: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), simple prostatectomy, and robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy are some procedures used for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostate cancer.
4. Bladder problems: Procedures such as cystectomy (removal of the bladder), bladder augmentation, and implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter can be done for conditions like bladder cancer or incontinence.
5. Kidney diseases: Nephrectomy (removal of a kidney) may be necessary for severe kidney damage or cancer.
6. Testicular issues: Orchiectomy (removal of one or both testicles) can be performed for testicular cancer.
7. Pelvic organ prolapse: Surgeries like sacrocolpopexy and vaginal vault suspension can help correct this condition in women.

These are just a few examples; there are many other urologic surgical procedures available to treat various conditions affecting the urinary and reproductive systems.

A "second primary neoplasm" is a distinct, new cancer or malignancy that develops in a person who has already had a previous cancer. It is not a recurrence or metastasis of the original tumor, but rather an independent cancer that arises in a different location or organ system. The development of second primary neoplasms can be influenced by various factors such as genetic predisposition, environmental exposures, and previous treatments like chemotherapy or radiation therapy.

It is important to note that the definition of "second primary neoplasm" may vary slightly depending on the specific source or context. In general medical usage, it refers to a new, separate cancer; however, in some research or clinical settings, there might be more precise criteria for defining and diagnosing second primary neoplasms.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a technique used in pathology and laboratory medicine to identify specific proteins or antigens in tissue sections. It combines the principles of immunology and histology to detect the presence and location of these target molecules within cells and tissues. This technique utilizes antibodies that are specific to the protein or antigen of interest, which are then tagged with a detection system such as a chromogen or fluorophore. The stained tissue sections can be examined under a microscope, allowing for the visualization and analysis of the distribution and expression patterns of the target molecule in the context of the tissue architecture. Immunohistochemistry is widely used in diagnostic pathology to help identify various diseases, including cancer, infectious diseases, and immune-mediated disorders.

Paraganglioma is a rare type of tumor that develops in the nervous system, specifically in the paraganglia. Paraganglia are clusters of specialized nerve cells throughout the body that release hormones in response to stress or physical activity. Most paragangliomas are benign (noncancerous), but some can be malignant (cancerous) and may spread to other parts of the body.

Paragangliomas can occur in various locations, including the head and neck region (called "head and neck paragangliomas") or near the spine, abdomen, or chest (called "extra-adrenal paragangliomas"). When they develop in the adrenal glands, which are located on top of each kidney, they are called pheochromocytomas.

Paragangliomas can produce and release hormones such as epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine, leading to symptoms like high blood pressure, rapid heart rate, sweating, anxiety, and headaches. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the tumor, along with medications to manage symptoms and control hormone levels before and after surgery.

Liver neoplasms refer to abnormal growths in the liver that can be benign or malignant. Benign liver neoplasms are non-cancerous tumors that do not spread to other parts of the body, while malignant liver neoplasms are cancerous tumors that can invade and destroy surrounding tissue and spread to other organs.

Liver neoplasms can be primary, meaning they originate in the liver, or secondary, meaning they have metastasized (spread) to the liver from another part of the body. Primary liver neoplasms can be further classified into different types based on their cell of origin and behavior, including hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and hepatic hemangioma.

The diagnosis of liver neoplasms typically involves a combination of imaging studies, such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI, and biopsy to confirm the type and stage of the tumor. Treatment options depend on the type and extent of the neoplasm and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or liver transplantation.

A rare neoplasm, 95% cases occur in women, especially at the mean age of 45. Biliary cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma ... Cases of primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenoma (PRMC) are extremely rare. However, they are observed more frequently in ... Both are multiloculated cystic neoplasms and are lined by a single layer of tall columnar cells with a clear basal nucleus and ... Pancreatic mucinous cystadenoma or mucinous cystadenoma of the pancreas (MCN) are a type of mucinous cystic neoplasm of the ...
Compared to neoplasm, hematomas show higher density in pre-contrast scans with solid components tending to locate peripherally ... Retroperitoneal ill-defined soft tissue stranding is developed in around 90% of traumatic adrenal hemorrhage cases due to ... Besides, the adrenal hematoma might calcify during the resolution phase, and the retroperitoneal calcifications are often ... such as adrenal neoplasm, adrenocortical carcinomas, and pheochromocytomas. Hematomas have solid adrenal nodules, size of which ...
Retroperitoneal fibrosis Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection It is also possible to have a neoplasm in this area, more ... Primarily retroperitoneal, meaning the structures were retroperitoneal during the entirety of development: urinary adrenal ... in the retroperitoneal such as the aorta or inferior vena cava into the retroperitoneal space can lead to a retroperitoneal ... Organs are retroperitoneal if they have peritoneum on their anterior side only. Structures that are not suspended by mesentery ...
... retroperitoneal neoplasms MeSH C04.588.149.030 - adamantinoma MeSH C04.588.149.276 - femoral neoplasms MeSH C04.588.149.721 - ... skull base neoplasms MeSH C04.588.149.828 - spinal neoplasms MeSH C04.588.180.260 - breast neoplasms, male MeSH C04.588.180.390 ... bile duct neoplasms MeSH C04.588.274.120.250.250 - common bile duct neoplasms MeSH C04.588.274.120.401 - gallbladder neoplasms ... palatal neoplasms MeSH C04.588.149.721.600 - nose neoplasms MeSH C04.588.149.721.656 - orbital neoplasms MeSH C04.588.149.721. ...
EMH in the lymph nodes is usually associated with underlying hematopoietic neoplasms. Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) tend ... retroperitoneal tissue, skin, peripheral and cranial nerves, and the spinal canal. During the postnatal period, the spleen ... retroperitoneal tissue, skin, peripheral and cranial nerves, the spinal canal, pre-sacral region, nasopharyngeal region, para- ... nasal sinuses and numerous types of benign/malignant neoplasms. The most common sites of EMH associated with neoplastic ...
... hemiazygos system displayed by chest or abdominal X-ray films can be misdiagnosed as a mediastinal or retroperitoneal neoplasm ...
Depending on what form of treatment is used, adjuvant therapy can have side effects, like all therapy for neoplasms. ... For non-seminoma, the options include: active surveillance, adjuvant chemotherapy and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. As ... Patients treated with standard chemotherapy regimens can experience "second malignant neoplasms, cardiovascular disease, ...
A subcategory of D48.1, Neoplasm of uncertain behavior of connective and other soft tissue, has been created with more specific ... retroperitoneal D48.115: Desmoid tumor of upper extremity and shoulder girdle D48.116: Desmoid tumor of lower extremity and ... Connective and soft tissue neoplasms, Rare diseases). ...
In older adults, the most common cause of hydronephrosis is benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), or intrapelvic neoplasms such as ... blood clots or retroperitoneal fibrosis. The obstruction may be either partial or complete, and can occur anywhere from the ... "Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis with bilateral lower ureteric obstruction--a case report with literature review". Singapore ...
It is associated with deposition of mature unencapsulated fat in the retroperitoneal pelvic space producing the typical "pear- ... Fogg, Lyman B.; Smyth, J. Walter (March 1968). "Pelvic Lipomatosis: A Condition Simulating Pelvic Neoplasm". Radiology. 90 (3 ...
Although most neoplasms can present with fever, malignant lymphoma is by far the most common diagnosis of FUO among the ... syndrome Primary biliary cirrhosis Primary hyperparathyroidism Recurrent pulmonary emboli Pyoderma gangrenosum Retroperitoneal ... neoplasms. In some cases the fever even precedes lymphadenopathy detectable by physical examination. ADEM (acute disseminated ...
Invasion of adjacent structures such as kidney, vena cava, liver, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes are also common. On MRI, it ... Finally, c-myc gene expression is relatively high in neoplasms, and it is often linked to poor prognosis. Bilateral ... Cochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group) (December 2018). "Transperitoneal versus retroperitoneal laparoscopic ...
An adrenal tumor or adrenal mass is any benign or malignant neoplasms of the adrenal gland, several of which are notable for ... Cochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group) (December 2018). "Transperitoneal versus retroperitoneal laparoscopic ... Pheochromocytoma is a neoplasm composed of cells similar to the chromaffin cells of the mature adrenal medulla. ... Saab ST, MacLennan GT (2015). "Adrenal Cortical Neoplasms: Perspectives in Pediatric Patients". In Santulli G (ed.). Adrenal ...
The ASCO Post Staff (2 November 2022). "FDA Approves Oral MEK Inhibitor Cobimetinib for Histiocytic Neoplasms". The ASCO Post. ... in 1996 reported the following symptoms in order of frequency of occurrence: Bone pain Retroperitoneal fibrosis Diabetes ... "Erdheim-Chester Disease Declared a Histiocytic Neoplasm" (PDF). 18 May 2016. Retrieved 2018-07-18 - via erdheim-chester.org. " ... Rosa K (2 November 2022). "FDA Approves Cobimetinib for Histiocytic Neoplasms". OncLive. Retrieved 2022-11-19. Abeykoon JP, ...
Neoplasms are the most common underlying pathology in up to 60% of cases and include renal angiomyolipoma and renal cell ... Ploumidis A, Katafigiotis I, Thanou M, Bodozoglou N, Athanasiou L, Ploumidis A (2013). "Spontaneous Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage ... partial nephrectomy has been proposed as a surgical treatment of a ruptured angiomyolipoma causing retroperitoneal hemorrhage, ...
X-linked Retrograde amnesia Retrolental fibroplasia Retroperitoneal fibrosis Retroperitoneal liposarcoma Rett like syndrome ... hypoglycemia Reardon-Hall-Slaney syndrome Reardon-Wilson-Cavanagh syndrome Rectal neoplasm Rectophobia Rectosigmoid neoplasm ... atresia Radiation induced angiosarcoma of the breast Radiation induced meningioma Radiation leukemia Radiation related neoplasm ...
However, symptoms can occur if the dilated blood vessels in an angiomyolipoma rupture; this is called a retroperitoneal ... Benign neoplasms, Urological neoplasia, Benign renal neoplasms). ...
Baranov E, Hornick JL (March 2020). "Soft Tissue Special Issue: Fibroblastic and Myofibroblastic Neoplasms of the Head and Neck ... retroperitoneal space; and mesentery. The majority of individuals presenting with GF tumors have or will develop FAP due to ... Connective and soft tissue neoplasms, Benign neoplasms). ...
Simons JP, Ng SC, Shah SA, McDade TP, Whalen GF, Tseng JF (2009). "Malignant Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm: Are We ... "Surgery and radio therapy for retroperitoneal and abdominal sarcoma: both necessary and sufficient?". Arch Surg. 145 (5): 426- ... April 2007). "National outcomes after gastric resection for neoplasm". Arch Surg. 142 (4): 387-93. doi:10.1001/archsurg.142.4. ... "Perioperative Mortality for Management of Hepatic Neoplasm: A Simple Risk Score". Ann Surg. 250 (6): 929-934. doi:10.1097/sla. ...
... , previously called spermatocytic seminoma, is a neoplasm of the testis (i.e. a tumour of the testis), and ... and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection and adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy are generally not required. Mills, S (ed.) ...
Late complications may include mesenteric and retroperitoneal fibroses as well. The carcinoid syndrome occurs secondary to ... "Paraneoplastic syndromes and other systemic disorders associated with neuroendocrine neoplasms". Seminars in Diagnostic ...
Stage III: The cancer has spread beyond the pelvis into the abdomen and to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes (located at the back ... The cysts are approximately 2 cm in diameter and populated throughout the tissue which results in giving the neoplasm a ' ...
It is a malignant neoplasm and is one of the most treatable and curable cancers, with a survival rate above 95% if discovered ... Stage 2 seminoma is indicated by the presence of retroperitoneal metastasis. Cases require radiotherapy or, in advanced cases, ...
In rare cases, these tumors have also presented in other sites such as the retroperitoneal space, liver, pleura of the lung, ... poorly differentiated neoplasm, i.e. an abnormal growth of cells that have an unclear identity and/or cell of origin. WHO ...
... neoplasm seeding MeSH C23.550.727.650.895 - neoplasms, unknown primary MeSH C23.550.727.655 - neoplasm recurrence, local MeSH ... retroperitoneal fibrosis MeSH C23.550.362.180 - chromosomal instability MeSH C23.550.362.180.180 - chromosome fragility MeSH ... neoplasm metastasis MeSH C23.550.727.650.560 - lymphatic metastasis MeSH C23.550.727.650.645 - neoplasm circulating cells MeSH ... C23.550.727.670 - neoplasm regression, spontaneous MeSH C23.550.727.700 - neoplasm, residual MeSH C23.550.737.500 - retrograde ...
Of solid tumor neoplasms, ovarian cancer is most likely to provoke eosinophilia, though any other cancer can cause the ... plus retroperitoneal fibrosis. Less commonly, almost any other organ or tissue except joints and brain may be beleaguered by ... The World Health Organization classifies these disorders into a) Myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and ... Reiter A, Gotlib J (2017). "Myeloid neoplasms with eosinophilia". Blood. 129 (6): 704-714. doi:10.1182/blood-2016-10-695973. ...
Other neoplasms (or sources of inflammation) should therefore be considered in known or suspected LAM cases in which FDG-PET ... Lymphangioleiomyomatoses are fluid-filled hypodense structures present in the retroperitoneal regions of the abdomen and pelvis ... and retroperitoneal fat, to destroy bronchial cartilage and arteriolar walls, and to occlude the lumen of pulmonary arterioles ...
Dalia S, Shao H, Sagatys E, Cualing H, Sokol L (October 2014). "Dendritic cell and histiocytic neoplasms: biology, diagnosis, ... 4) Inflammatory/autoimmune diseases such as chronic hepatitis, ulcerative colitis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, and primary ... Tang VK, Vijhani P, Cherian SV, Ambelil M, Estrada-Y-Martin RM (2018). "Primary pulmonary lymphoproliferative neoplasms". Lung ... retroperitoneal fibrosis, or primary biliary cholangitis. EBV+ LG may progress to or become complicated by the non-malignant ...
... neoplasm - nephrotomogram - nephrotoxic - nephroureterectomy - nerve block - nerve grafting - nerve-sparing radical ... retroperitoneal - retropubic prostatectomy - retrospective cohort study - retrospective study - retroviral vector - retrovirus ... Hürthle cell neoplasm - hydrazine sulfate - hydromorphone - hydronephrosis - hydroureter - hydroxychloroquine - hydroxyurea - ...
... and the regional retroperitoneal lymph nodes, all at the same time. This method, although severe, is effective. But it is not ... which is an assessment based on the microscopic morphology of a neoplasm with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E staining). This ... "Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and staging of renal and perirenal neoplasms". Radiology. 154 (3): 709-15. doi: ... classification of genitourinary tumours recognizes over 40 subtypes of renal neoplasms. Since the publication of the latest ...
Retroperitoneal neoplasm: treatments, associated drugs and conditions (145 reports). ... Retroperitoneal neoplasm in Johnson and Johnson Covid Vaccine Browse all Retroperitoneal neoplasm symptoms:. a b c d e f g h i ... Retroperitoneal neoplasm: treatments, associated drugs and conditions Summary:. Retroperitoneal neoplasm: tumour between ... 190 drugs that are associated with Retroperitoneal neoplasm. - 43 conditions that are associated with Retroperitoneal neoplasm ...
Mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs) of the pancreas are uncommon, and their diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis have yet to be ... These cysts can be easily misinterpreted as benign and malignant retroperitoneal lesions. Both mucinous cystic neoplasms and ... A foregut cystic neoplasm with diagnostic and therapeutic similarities to mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. JOP. 2013 ... Mucinous cystic neoplasms. Nonenhanced CT scans of mucinous cystic neoplasms show a well-defined, unilocular or multilocular, ...
Retroperitoneal Neoplasms / immunology * Retroperitoneal Neoplasms / secondary * Sequence Analysis, DNA * T-Cell Antigen ...
Information about the SNOMED CT code 126859007 representing Neoplasm of pancreas. ... Neoplasm of digestive system 128348002. *Finding of pancreas 300357002. *Retroperitoneal mass 69559004 ... Neoplasm of trunk 126637008. Neoplasm of abdomen 128050000. Neoplasm of retroperitoneum 126872008. Neoplasm of pancreas ... Neoplasm of digestive system 128348002. Tumor of digestive organs 254532005. Neoplasm of pancreas 126859007. SNOMED CT Concept ...
Colonic and retroperitoneal schwannomas are extremely rare. Schwannomas are slow growing and usually asymptomatic but can ... Introduction: Gastrointestinal schwannomas are rare benign neoplasms that are distinctively unique when compared to soft-tissue ... Gastric schwannoma represent only 0.2% of all gastric tumors and 4% of all benign gastric neoplasms. ... The outcome after surgery is excellent as these neoplasms are generally benign in nature. ...
A rare neoplasm, 95% cases occur in women, especially at the mean age of 45. Biliary cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma ... Cases of primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenoma (PRMC) are extremely rare. However, they are observed more frequently in ... Both are multiloculated cystic neoplasms and are lined by a single layer of tall columnar cells with a clear basal nucleus and ... Pancreatic mucinous cystadenoma or mucinous cystadenoma of the pancreas (MCN) are a type of mucinous cystic neoplasm of the ...
Information about the SNOMED CT code 128071005 representing Disorder of retroperitoneal region, excluding major organs. ... Metastatic malignant neoplasm to retroperitoneal lymph nodes 94519005. *Neoplasm of periadrenal tissue 126873003 ... Disorder of retroperitoneal region, excluding major organs 128071005. SNOMED CT code. SNOMED code. 128071005. ... Disorder of retroperitoneal region, excluding major organs 128071005. ancestors. sorted most to least specific ...
MRI may also be used to detect and stage pelvic and retroperitoneal neoplasms and to evaluate disorders of cancellous bone and ... MRI can also assist in the differential diagnosis of mediastinal and retroperitoneal masses, including abnormalities of the ...
Retroperitoneal Neoplasms, Pancreatectomy, Splenectomy, Genital Neoplasms, Female, Medical Oncology, Excisão de Linfonodo, ... Genital Neoplasms, Female, Brachytherapy, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Endometrial Neoplasms, Radiotherapy, Gynecology Image- ... Genital Neoplasms, Female/surgery, Laparoscopy, Ovarian Neoplasms, Carcinoma, Hysterectomy, Vaginal, Electrosurgery, Fertility ... Genital Neoplasms, Female, Medical Oncology, Gynecology, Radiotherapy International Video Workshop on Radical Surgery in ...
Desmoid tumors are cytologically bland fibrous neoplasms originating from the musculoaponeurotic structures throughout the body ... Retroperitoneal neoplasms are more common in familial polyposis coli and Gardner syndrome after abdominal surgery than in other ... Overall, desmoid tumors are reported to account for 0.03% of all neoplasms. [23] When present in patients with familial ... Desmoid tumors are cytologically bland fibrous neoplasms originating from the musculoaponeurotic structures throughout the body ...
Retroperitoneal fibrosis (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish * Ureteral reimplantation surgery - children (Medical ... ClinicalTrials.gov: Ureteral Neoplasms (National Institutes of Health) Journal Articles References and abstracts from MEDLINE/ ...
The most common locations of these neoplasms are head and neck regions, retroperitoneal para-aortic and paracaval, renal, and ... Zurück zum Zitat Li P, Zhao D. A rare case of retroperitoneal paraganglioma-case report and literature review. Transl ... CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Li P, Zhao D. A rare case of retroperitoneal paraganglioma-case report and literature review. ... Pheochromocytoma of the Adrenal gland Scaled Score (PASS) to separate benign from malignant neoplasms: a clinicopathologic and ...
... Publication , Journal Article ... "Long-term Oncologic Outcomes After Neoadjuvant Radiation Therapy for Retroperitoneal Sarcomas." Ann Surg, vol. 262, no. 1, July ... "Long-term Oncologic Outcomes After Neoadjuvant Radiation Therapy for Retroperitoneal Sarcomas." Ann Surg 262, no. 1 (July 2015 ... Long-term Oncologic Outcomes After Neoadjuvant Radiation Therapy for Retroperitoneal Sarcomas. Ann Surg. 2015 Jul;262(1):163-70 ...
Angiomyolipoma (AML) is a rare benign neoplasm that usually arises in the kidneys, but may rarely originate in sites such as ...
Sarcomas comprise a third of retroperitoneal tumours. Other retroperitoneal neoplasms include lymphomas and epithelial tumours ... Sarcomas comprise a third of retroperitoneal tumours. Soft tissue sarcomas are rare tumours, with retroperitoneal sarcomas ... Retroperitoneal tumor Surgery in Kolkata. MBBS (Gold medalist), MS (Gold medalist), DNB (All India Gold medalist), MNAMS (IND ... Retroperitoneal tumours are best evaluated with good quality cross-sectional imaging and preoperative histology by core needle ...
New abnormal growth of tissue in the RETROPERITONEAL SPACE.. Terms. Retroperitoneal Neoplasms Preferred Term Term UI T036267. ... Neoplasms [C04] * Neoplasms by Site [C04.588] * Abdominal Neoplasms [C04.588.033] * Peritoneal Neoplasms [C04.588.033.513] ... coordinate IM with histological type of neoplasm (IM). Scope Note. New abnormal growth of tissue in the RETROPERITONEAL SPACE. ... Retroperitoneal Neoplasms Preferred Concept UI. M0018975. Scope Note. ...
The findings on CT and MRI are most consistent with a large left retroperitoneal cystic neoplasm with internal hemorrhage of ... While liposarcoma is the most common primary retroperitoneal neoplasm, occurring in 33% of cases, they are most typically solid ... The diagnosis of primary retroperitoneal neoplasm and more specifically liposarcoma was only made possible following MRI ... The diagnosis of primary retroperitoneal neoplasm and more specifically liposarcoma with a predominantly cystic component is ...
... treatment of Retroperitoneal fibrosis through homeopathy and also read about its symptoms, causes and treatment, Fibrosis of ... homeopathic treatment for Retroperitoneal fibrosis by Dr.Rajeevs Homeopathic Clinic in Ranchi, Patna, Kolkata & Delhi, ... the retroperitoneal connective tissues may encircle and compress the ureter(s), causing obstruction. ... COMPLICATIONS OF RETROPERITONEAL FIBROSIS. If left untreated for long, retroperitoneal fibrosis may develop into complications ...
We report a case of a 52-year-old North African woman with a 22-cm retroperitoneal leiomyoma. A preoperative embolization was ... Because retroperitoneal leiomyomas are paucisymptomatic and the tumor size at diagnosis is relatively large, surgical ... Despite its benignity, retroperitoneal leiomyoma is a challenging diagnostic, therapeutic, and evolutive condition. Surgeons ... Retroperitoneal leiomyoma is a rare and benign condition. It is infrequently observed among primary retroperitoneal neoplasms. ...
keywords = "Cystadenoma, Cystadenoma/pathology, Female, Retroperitoneal neoplasms, Retroperitoneal neoplasms/surgery, ... Min, BW, Kim, JM, Um, JW, Lee, ES, Son, GS, Kim, SJ & Moon, HY 2004, The first case of primary retroperitoneal mucinous ... The first case of primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenoma in Korea: A case report. Korean Journal of Internal Medicine. ... The first case of primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenoma in Korea: A case report. / Min, Byung Wook; Kim, Jong Man; Um, ...
Urologic Neoplasms; Urologic Surgical Procedures ...
... who presented with gastrointestinal symptoms which revealed to be the clinical manifestations of peritoneal and retroperitoneal ... as may resemble the picture of primary neoplasms of gastrointestinal or genitourinary systems. A recent report failed to ... Gastro-intestinal symptoms as clinical manifestation of peritoneal and retroperitoneal spread of an invasive lobular breast ... Gastro-intestinal symptoms as clinical manifestation of peritoneal and retroperitoneal spread of an invasive lobular breast ...
Beneficial impact of a clinical care pathway in patients with testicular cancer undergoing retroperitoneal lymph node ... Beneficial impact of a clinical care pathway in patients with testicular cancer undergoing retroperitoneal lymph node ...
... retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy; retroperitoneal tumors; parasitic disease; and neoplasms of the stomach, colon, and kidney. ... Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) may have imaging findings identical to those of chronic pancreatitis, such as ... Peripancreatic fibrosis causes stenosis or occlusion of retroperitoneal lymph channels. Ascites may complicate chronic calcific ... lymphoma and other retroperitoneal tumors, mesenteric cysts, splenic masses, or enlargement of the left lobe of the liver. In ...
Main-Duct Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas: Clinical Predictors of Malignancy and Long-term Survival ...
Retroperitoneal sarcomas are rare neoplasms . They frequently reach a very large size and invade adjacent organs before they ... INTRODUCTION: Retroperitoneal tumours (RTs) in adults are a rare heterogeneous group of neoplasms arising from the ... INTRODUCTION: Retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RPL) is a rare primary mesenchymal tumour that develops in retroperitoneal adipose ... The CT scans and clinical information of 21 anonymized retroperitoneal sarcoma patients were sent to all of the retroperitoneal ...
Retroperitoneal Neurogenic Tumor. SECTION 6: MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS. Retroperitoneal Sarcoma. Retroperitoneal and Mesenteric ...
Wilms Tumour and Associated Neoplasms of the Kidney Û³Û¸. Neuroblastoma Û³Û¹. Uncommon Paediatric Neoplasms PART V - METASTASES Û´Û° ... Primary Retroperitoneal Tumours Û²Û´. Primary Bone Tumours Û²Ûµ. Soft Tissue Sarcomas Û²Û¶. Breast Cancer Û²Û·. Paranasal Sinus ... Neoplasms Û²Û¸. Tumours of the Pharynx, Tongue and Mouth Û²Û¹. Laryngeal Tumours Û³Û°. Thyroid Cancer Û³Û±. Primary Tumours of the ...
Retroperitoneal Neoplasms, Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue, Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço, Neoplasias de Tecido Ósseo ... Mouth Neoplasms, Radiotherapy, Drug Therapy, Mouth Neoplasms/epidemiology, Molecular Biology, Pediatrics, Medical Oncology, ... Neoplasms, Palliative Care, Melanoma, Neutropenia, Pediatrics, Medical Oncology, Metástase Neoplásica XVII Congresso ... Breast Neoplasms, Illicit Drugs, Health Systems, Congresso Médico Estudantil;, Saúde Pública;, italaritalaritalaritalar, ...
  • Complete surgical resection is the only potential curative treatment modality for retroperitoneal sarcomas and is best performed in high-volume centres by a multidisciplinary sarcoma team. (calcuttayellowpages.com)
  • The ability completely to resect a retroperitoneal sarcoma and tumour grade remain the most important predictors of local recurrence and disease-specific survival. (calcuttayellowpages.com)
  • In the UK there are estimated to be between 250 and 300 new diagnoses of retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) each year. (calcuttayellowpages.com)
  • The current gold standard treatment for retroperitoneal sarcoma is en bloc multivisceral resectionresection. (bvsalud.org)
  • BACKGROUND AND AIM: Surgery is the mainstay of treatment and completeness of surgical resection is critical to achieve local control for retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS). (bvsalud.org)
  • The aim of this review was to summarise the available evidence to assess the relative benefits and disadvantages of an aggressive surgical approach with vascular resection in patients with retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS). (bvsalud.org)
  • Background Surgery is the potentially curative treatment for retroperitoneal sarcoma (RS), but complete resectability is frequently a challenge. (nycu.edu.tw)
  • A study to test the effect of chemotherapy before surgery compared to surgery alone in patients with high risk retroperitoneal sarcoma. (who.int)
  • Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV), a member of the genus Rhadinovirus , is the causative agent of Kaposi sarcoma ( 1 ), an endothelial neoplasm of the dermis, oral cavity and intestinal organs. (cdc.gov)
  • [ 5 ] Other, rarer cystic lesions, such as solid pseudopapillary epithelial neoplasm and cystic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (cPNET), tend to harbor features that suggest a specific diagnosis, usually leading to surgical removal. (medscape.com)
  • Even though mucinous cystadenoma are common ovarian tumor, what makes PRMC so rare is their retroperitoneal location. (wikipedia.org)
  • Overall, 60% of germ cell neoplasms have seminoma in their composition, but pure seminomas are genetically different from those that present as a component of a mixed tumor. (medscape.com)
  • Because retroperitoneal leiomyomas are paucisymptomatic and the tumor size at diagnosis is relatively large, surgical management is challenging. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A retroperitoneal tumor with a mass effect on the left kidney, the aorta, and the bowel. (biomedcentral.com)
  • En bloc resection of the tumor and surrounding tissues and organs as well as part of the right wall of the subrenal IVC. (bvsalud.org)
  • The retroperitoneal germ cell tumor in KS is very rare. (elsevierpure.com)
  • A five-month-old boy with an abdominal mass was found to have a retroperitoneal tumor. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The RETRO score simplifies the risk evaluation of partial nephrectomy for patients with renal tumor, especially benefits those surgeries performed under robot-assisted laparoscope via retroperitoneal approach. (ac.ir)
  • Gastric schwannoma represent only 0.2% of all gastric tumors and 4% of all benign gastric neoplasms. (sages.org)
  • Desmoid tumors are cytologically bland fibrous neoplasms originating from the musculoaponeurotic structures throughout the body. (medscape.com)
  • The diagnostic approach is challenging because retroperitoneal leiomyomas may be confused with renal tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Neoplasms originating from the blood or bone marrow (leukemias and myeloproliferative disorders) are not considered solid tumors. (mycancergenome.org)
  • Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is often associated with various neoplasms, especially germ cell tumors. (elsevierpure.com)
  • To propose a standardized scoring system of renal tumors suitable for partial nephrectomy based on mini-invasiveness and retroperitoneal approach. (ac.ir)
  • Large tumors of serous cystic adenomas in the pancreatic body-to-tail severely compress the surrounding organs and retroperitoneal space. (springeropen.com)
  • Abdominal and pelvic ultrasound examinations were performed and revealed two huge, heterogeneous retroperitoneal masses located on the rectouterine fossa adjacent to the inferior vena cava, which measured between 126x103 and 95x78 mm in size (Fig. 1A and B). The tumors exhibited multiple scattered areas of increased echogenicity with dense posterior shadowing that suggested foci of calcification. (docksci.com)
  • To study the peculiarities of clinical course, diagnostics and possibilities of surgical treatment of non-organ retroperitoneal tumors and cysts. (dp.ua)
  • In 43 (84,3%) patients, tumors of the retroperitoneal area were detected, and 8 (15,7%) were cysts. (dp.ua)
  • The clinical course of tumors of the retroperitoneal space was accompanied by the advantage of pain syndrome and syndrome of small signs in malignant forms. (dp.ua)
  • Radical removal of retroperitoneal tumors became possible in 52% of patients. (dp.ua)
  • The complexity of diagnostics and surgical treatment of retroperitoneal tumors is associated with the absence of characteristic clinical manifestations of the disease, signifi cant anatomical changes in the area of intervention, the absence of standard approaches to the execution of operations. (dp.ua)
  • Retroperitoneal tumors are one of the most common ones in infants, and sometimes, they can begin to develop during the formation of the baby before birth. (master-dissertation.com)
  • The retroperitoneum can host a wide spectrum of pathologies, including a variety of rare benign tumours and malignant neoplasms that can be either primary or metastatic lesions. (calcuttayellowpages.com)
  • Other retroperitoneal neoplasms include lymphomas and epithelial tumours or might represent metastatic disease from known or unknown primary sites. (calcuttayellowpages.com)
  • We report the case of a 67 year-old-woman who presented with gastrointestinal symptoms which revealed to be the clinical manifestations of peritoneal and retroperitoneal metastatic spread of an invasive lobular breast cancer diagnosed 15 years before. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Fibrosis of the retroperitoneal connective tissues may encircle and compress the ureter(s), causing obstruction. (rajeevclinic.com)
  • Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis responds well to corticosteroids and may respond more slowly to tamoxifen, but ureteric stenting is often necessary to relieve obstruction. (rajeevclinic.com)
  • If left untreated for long, retroperitoneal fibrosis may develop into complications that can be hard to manage. (rajeevclinic.com)
  • To avoid getting retroperitoneal fibrosis, don't use medication containing methysergide for long. (rajeevclinic.com)
  • If you suspect that what you're feeling may be retroperitoneal fibrosis, you should consult with a professional as fast as possible. (rajeevclinic.com)
  • Peripancreatic fibrosis causes stenosis or occlusion of retroperitoneal lymph channels. (medscape.com)
  • The symptoms and signs associated with retroperitoneal fibrosis are nonspecific. (medscape.com)
  • Retroperitoneal fibrosis can also be associated with Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis, and sclerosing cholangitis. (medscape.com)
  • Fenaroli P, Maritati F, Vaglio A. Into Clinical Practice: Diagnosis and Therapy of Retroperitoneal Fibrosis. (medscape.com)
  • Raglianti V, Rossi GM, Vaglio A. Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: an update for nephrologists. (medscape.com)
  • Yachoui R, Sehgal R, Carmichael B. Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: clinicopathologic features and outcome analysis. (medscape.com)
  • Retroperitoneal fibrosis in children. (medscape.com)
  • Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis--is serum alkaline phosphatase a marker of disease activity? (medscape.com)
  • Kume H, Kitamura T. Spontaneous regression of bilateral hydronephrosis due to retroperitoneal fibrosis. (medscape.com)
  • Safioleas M, Safioleas P, Stamatakos M, Safioleas C. Retroperitoneal fibrosis obstructing the ureter: a new technique to prevent stenosis recurrence. (medscape.com)
  • Postoperative regression of retroperitoneal fibrosis in patients with inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysms: evaluation with spiral computed tomography. (medscape.com)
  • Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis--an update. (medscape.com)
  • Retroperitoneal fibrosis in 2 brothers. (medscape.com)
  • Astudillo L, Alric L, Jamard B, Laroche M. [Retroperitoneal fibrosis in an HLA-B27-positive patient]. (medscape.com)
  • IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis: a newly characterized disease. (medscape.com)
  • Clinical characteristics of IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis versus idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. (medscape.com)
  • Asbestos exposure as a risk factor for retroperitoneal fibrosis. (medscape.com)
  • Immune complex glomerulonephritis in a case of retroperitoneal fibrosis. (medscape.com)
  • Cases of primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenoma (PRMC) are extremely rare. (wikipedia.org)
  • Retroperitoneal neoplasm: tumour between peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall. (ehealthme.com)
  • We report the case of a 53-years-old woman who performed a total body computerized tomography (CT) for the appearance of a sore abdominal swelling, that showed the presence of multiple peritoneal and retroperitoneal tumour masses with necrotic hypodense component and hyperdense peripheral solid portion. (fortuneonline.org)
  • The most frequently encountered neoplastic pancreatic cysts include intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), serous cystadenoma (SCA), mucinous cystic neoplasm with ovarian stroma (MCN), and solid pseudopapillary epithelial neoplasm. (medscape.com)
  • Pancreatic mucinous cystadenoma or mucinous cystadenoma of the pancreas (MCN) are a type of mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas. (wikipedia.org)
  • We present here a case report of a 38-year-old Korean woman with primary retroperitoneal cystadenoma. (korea.ac.kr)
  • This review highlights the presentation, evaluation and initial management of patients presenting with retroperitoneal tumours and the surgical management of RPS. (calcuttayellowpages.com)
  • Angiomyolipoma (AML) is a rare benign neoplasm that usually arises in the kidneys, but may rarely originate in sites such as the retroperitoneum, liver and bone. (bmj.com)
  • Ganglioneuroma is a rare benign neoplasm of the sympathetic nervous system. (auanet.org)
  • A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from tissues that do not include fluid areas. (mycancergenome.org)
  • We report two cases of right-sided massive primary retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma in pauci symptomatic women. (bvsalud.org)
  • Representative examples include epithelial neoplasms (e.g. lung carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, breast carcinoma, colon carcinoma), and neoplasms arising from the soft tissues and bones (e.g. leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma). (mycancergenome.org)
  • Inclusion criteria: Histologically proven primary high risk leiomyosarcoma (LMS) or Liposarcoma (LPS) of retroperitoneal space or infra-peritoneal spaces of pelvis. (who.int)
  • OBJECTIVE: To evaluate long-term survival among patients undergoing radiation therapy (RT), followed by surgical resection of retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPS). (duke.edu)
  • Organs are retroperitoneal if they have peritoneum on their anterior side only. (calcuttayellowpages.com)
  • En-bloc resection of adjacent organs, including major abdominal vessels, is often required to achieve negative margins. (bvsalud.org)
  • 1)_x000D_ Objective: To present a case of retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma, describe its surgical management and reviwe current literature. (auanet.org)
  • According to various sources, this disease is one of the most common neoplasms of the retroperitoneal space (Faranoush, Mehrvar, Asl, & Ghorbani, 2009). (master-dissertation.com)
  • There are 5 clinical trials for solid neoplasm, of which 1 is open and 4 are completed or closed. (mycancergenome.org)
  • BRAF is the most frequent gene inclusion criterion for solid neoplasm clinical trials [ 3 ]. (mycancergenome.org)
  • Cbl0137, cudc-907, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are the most common interventions in solid neoplasm clinical trials. (mycancergenome.org)
  • ABL1 is an inclusion eligibility criterion in 1 clinical trial for solid neoplasm, of which 0 are open and 1 is closed. (mycancergenome.org)
  • Diagnosing hematolymphoid neoplasm by evaluating fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology sample is controversial and requires experience and clinical skills. (cytojournal.com)
  • Retroperitoneal (RP) masses are common in paediatric age group and present with vague clinical features. (waocp.com)
  • Gastrointestinal schwannomas are rare benign neoplasms that are distinctively unique when compared to soft-tissue and central nervous system mesenchymal neoplasms. (sages.org)
  • Pancreatic cystic neoplasms represent a small yet increasingly detected entity of pancreatic abnormalities. (medscape.com)
  • Approximately 70% of pancreatic cystic neoplasms are discovered incidentally. (medscape.com)
  • Both are multiloculated cystic neoplasms and are lined by a single layer of tall columnar cells with a clear basal nucleus and cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
  • Long-Term Outcomes of Patients With Low Grade Cystic Renal Epithelial Neoplasms. (ac.ir)
  • Background: Perivascular epithelioid cell tumours (PEComas) are mesenchymal neoplasms with variable biological behaviour, ranging from benign to extremely aggressive diseases able to metastasize. (fortuneonline.org)
  • A case of Klinefelter syndrome with retroperitoneal teratoma. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'A case of Klinefelter syndrome with retroperitoneal teratoma. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The baby underwent laparotomy with resection of a large retroperitoneal teratoma and was sent for histopathology [ Figure 3 ]. (caserepclinradiol.org)
  • Retroperitoneal neoplasms are more common in familial polyposis coli and Gardner syndrome after abdominal surgery than in other conditions. (medscape.com)
  • The retroperitoneal space (retroperitoneum) is the anatomical space (sometimes a potential space) in the abdominal cavity behind (retro) the peritoneum. (calcuttayellowpages.com)
  • The Retroperitoneal (RP) space is bounded anteriorly by the peritoneal covering, posteriorly by posterior abdominal wall, superiorly by the 12th rib and vertebra, inferiorly by the iliac crest and laterally by the quadratus lumborum muscle. (waocp.com)
  • Case presentation: We present a case report of a 53-year-old woman affected by advanced retroperitoneal PEComa who developed an abdominal disease progression after 40 months of therapy with mTOR inhibitor. (fortuneonline.org)
  • Soft tissue sarcomas are rare tumours, with retroperitoneal sarcomas expected to compose approximately 15% of the 2,000 cases of soft tissue sarcomas anticipated in England and Wales each year. (calcuttayellowpages.com)
  • The outcome after surgery is excellent as these neoplasms are generally benign in nature. (sages.org)
  • The most common benign pathologies encountered in the retroperitoneum include benign neurogenic tumours, paragangliomas, fibromatosis, renal angiomyolipomas and benign retroperitoneal lipomas. (calcuttayellowpages.com)
  • Case presentation: A 41-year-old female had an incidental retroperitoneal mass found during an urinary tract US performed for evaluating nonspecific urinary symptoms. (auanet.org)
  • To our knowledge this is the first described case of robotic excision of a retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma. (auanet.org)
  • Although retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma is a benign lesion, it requires surgical excision for definite treatment, preferable through minimally invasive approach. (auanet.org)
  • Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare locally aggressive vascular neoplasm that occurs mainly in the pediatric population. (springeropen.com)
  • A large, retroperitoneal mass was visualized and cytological analysis suggested a neoplastic proliferation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Primary retroperitoneal extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma involving the vena cava: A case report. (docksci.com)
  • A and B) Solid heterogeneous retroperitoneal masses are evident, with multiple scattered areas of increased echogenicity and dense posterior shadowing suggestive of foci of calcification. (docksci.com)
  • Retroperitoneal tumours can cause a diagnostic dilemma and present several therapeutic challenges because of their rarity, relative late presentation and anatomical location, often in close relationship with several vital structures in the retroperitoneal space. (calcuttayellowpages.com)
  • Retroperitoneal tumours are best evaluated with good quality cross-sectional imaging and preoperative histology by core needle biopsy is required when imaging is non-diagnostic. (calcuttayellowpages.com)
  • Sarcomas comprise a third of retroperitoneal tumours. (calcuttayellowpages.com)
  • Retroperitoneal tumours present several therapeutic challenges because of their relative late presentation and anatomical location. (calcuttayellowpages.com)