Near-sightedness

Refractive error

Phakic intraocular lens

Near-sightedness

Glaucoma6

• OCT has evolved into an invaluable clinical tool in ophthalmology with a wide range of applications, though it has mainly been used for the detection and follow-up of retinal disease and glaucoma by means of measurement of macular thickness, optic head, and RNFL thickness [ 1 - 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
• Glaucoma and other optic neuropathies cause retinal ganglion cell damage, thus causing thinning of the RNFL. (hindawi.com)
• Current diagnostic tools cannot accurately differentiate changes shared by both high myopia and glaucoma. (eyeworld.org)
• Transient myopia associated with acute glaucoma and retinal edema following vaginal administration of sulfanilamide. (scholarena.co)
• Review of sulfonamide-induced acute myopia and acute bilateral angle-closure glaucoma. (scholarena.co)
• The relationship between glaucoma and myopia: the Blue Mountains Eye Study. (endmyopia.org)

Presbyopia3

• Speaking about RLE for myopia, hyperopia and presbyopia, Dr Alió noted that adequate IOLs do not exist for all cases but RLE is an important area of future research and improvements are emerging all the time. (ophthalmologytimes.com)
• 7 7 Refractive errors: presbyopia Presbyopia is an age-related condition in which your eyes gradually lose the ability to see things up close, because the lens of the aging eye can no longer change shape. (slideplayer.com)
• Correction of presbyopia and gaining spectacle-independence in elderly patients with no anatomical ocular pathologies and normal axial length is also an important indication for RLE. (biomedcentral.com)

Prevalence of myopia23

• The prevalence of myopia varies greatly, depending on ethnicity, geographical location, and socioeconomic status, but is rising rapidly in most populations studied (Fig. 2). (utah.edu)
• The prevalence of myopia is increasing, while there has not been a breakthrough in the prevention and treatment of myopia because the underlying mechanisms have not fully been understood. (hindawi.com)
• A survey of epidemiology showed that the prevalence of myopia is significantly lower in the students with color vision deficiencies than in those with normal color vision [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
• The rapid rate of change in the prevalence of myopia in East Asia, that is particularly well-documented in Singapore8 and Taiwan,9-11 rules out simple genetic explanations, since human gene pools do not change that fast. (endmyopia.org)
• This suggests that the predominant factors which are leading to the increased prevalence of myopia are environmental. (endmyopia.org)
• Due to the increasing prevalence of myopia across the globe, researchers and clinicians are searching for better therapies. (reviewofophthalmology.com)
• F or many people, their world seems to be getting smaller: The prevalence of myopia, commonly due to an increase in axial length of the eye causing a distant image to be projected anterior to the retinal plane, 1 is increasing. (reviewofophthalmology.com)
• The prevalence of myopia in the United States increased from 25 percent to 41.6 percent between the years 1971 and 2004. (reviewofophthalmology.com)
• In 2000, the highest prevalence of myopia was in people ages 25 to 29. (reviewofophthalmology.com)
• This increasing prevalence of myopia and its subsequent consequences pose a major public health concern. (reviewofophthalmology.com)
• Researchers observed an increased prevalence of myopia in children with inflammatory disease such as type 1 diabetes mellitus, uveitis and systemic lupus erythematosus. (reviewofophthalmology.com)
• Increased prevalence of myopia in the United States between 1971-1972 and 1999-2004. (scholarena.co)
• Prevalence of myopia in the United States. (scholarena.co)
• The prevalence of myopia varies greatly between different populations and ethnic groups. (eyewiki.org)
• There has been a tremendous increase over the past few decades in the prevalence of myopia worldwide. (pointsdevue.com)
• Although, multiple cross-sectional epidemiological studies have confirmed that there is a high prevalence of myopia in high school-aged students in China. (biomedcentral.com)
• In the present study, we investigate changes in the prevalence of myopia in third year junior high school (grade 9) students in the Haidian District of Beijing, China, from 2006 to 2015. (biomedcentral.com)
• and the difference in the prevalence of myopia between male and female subjects. (biomedcentral.com)
• When the entire population was considered, the overall prevalence of myopia increased from 55.95% in 2005 to 65.48% in 2015. (biomedcentral.com)
• There was a significant positive relationship between the year and the prevalence of myopia in both girls and boys. (biomedcentral.com)
• During the last 10 years, the prevalence of myopia significantly increased on an annual basis among third-year junior high school students in the Haidian District of Beijing, China. (biomedcentral.com)
• The total prevalence of myopia was significantly higher in girl than in boy participants. (biomedcentral.com)
• Recent epidemiological studies have revealed that the prevalence of myopia is rapidly increasing globally, especially in East and Southeast Asian countries. (biomedcentral.com)

Progression of myopia16

• BestBets: Can Contact Lenses control/reduce the progression of myopia in children? (bestbets.org)
• A parent of a 9 year old male suffering from myopia came to the clinic wondering if using contact lenses would slow the progression of myopia in her child as she read in the Internet. (bestbets.org)
• Also, clinical trials of ocular hypotensives have had unconvincing effects on halting the progression of myopia. (bmj.com)
• Controlled studies and randomized clinical trials show that corneal reshaping contact lenses can slow the progression of myopia in children. (reviewofcontactlenses.com)
• One study found a synergistic effect of acupoint treatment (a model of the various acupoints is shown here) and low-dose atropine in decreasing the progression of myopia. (reviewofophthalmology.com)
• Soft contact lenses and rigid gas-permeable contact lenses have both been studied to see their effects on the progression of myopia. (reviewofophthalmology.com)
• 4 Interventions, which have shown clinically significant efficacy for reducing refractive and axial progression of myopia, include progressive and bifocal spectacles, orthokeratology (ortho-K), dual focus and multifocal soft contact lenses (MFSCL), and atropine in various concentrations. (mieducation.com)
• Myopia management" is a series of treatments that eye doctors use to slow the progression of myopia in children. (2020-eye-care.com)
• Our myopia management treatments can induce changes in the structure of the eye by diminishing the stress and fatigue linked to the development and progression of myopia. (2020-eye-care.com)
• The 20/20 Eye Care's Myopia Management Center currently offers several different customized treatment options to slow the progression of myopia. (2020-eye-care.com)
• 20/20 Eye Care's Myopia Management Center is a Myopia Management practice that offers evidence-based treatment to prevent the onset or reduce the progression of myopia in pediatric patients. (2020-eye-care.com)
• It is important to initiate a protocol to limit the progression of myopia. (pointsdevue.com)
• The Carolina Forest Family Eyecare's Myopia Control Center currently offers several different customized treatment options to slow the progression of myopia. (carolinaforesteyecare.com)
• Can myopia treatments reduce the progression of myopia? (familyeyecareoptometrist.com)
• Myopia management treatment uses specific types of glasses, contact lenses and eye drops to slow down the progression of myopia. (familyeyecareoptometrist.com)
• At Southwest Family Eye Health Center , we provide our patients with effective, customized treatment to control the progression of myopia. (swfamilyeye.com)

Macular4

• The aim of this review was to discuss the utility of en-face OCT in the diagnosis and management of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). (ijo.in)
• The highly myopic patients may also have myopic macular degeneration, epi-retinal membranes or other significant changes. (cataractcoach.com)
• Topiramate-induced angle closure with acute myopia, macular striae. (scholarena.co)
• Firstly, we know it is imperative to reduce the final level of myopia for an individual because this will reduce their lifelong risk of vision impairment from myopia-associated pathologies like myopic macular degeneration. (mieducation.com)

Short-sightedness4

• Myopia (near- or short-sightedness) occurs when the axial length of the eye is too long, and light is focussed in front of the photoreceptors (b). (utah.edu)
• This error is called myopia, or short-sightedness. (jrank.org)
• Myopia (short-sightedness) affects 1.45 billion people worldwide, many of whom will develop sight-threatening secondary disorders. (frontiersin.org)
• Myopia is what most people call short-sightedness. (timduffy.com.au)

DEVELOPMENT OF MYOPIA3

• The greater corneal curvature may contribute to the development of myopia. (bmj.com)
• A previous article by this author ( Optometry Today , June 2016) described the pre-myope - the child with a cluster of risk factors for future development of myopia. (aop.org.uk)
• There is no doubt genetics plays a role in the development of myopia in children. (pointsdevue.com)

Cataracts2

• Birth History Birth Weight Full-term vs Premature What kind of delivery Complications ¾ During pregnancy ¾ During delivery Hypoxia Bleeding Family History Night blindness Color vision High myopia Nystagmus Cataracts CNS disorders Visual Acuity Does the baby fixate while eating? (spotidoc.com)
• Instead, surveys show that ultraviolet radiation is the main cause of some eye diseases, such as keratitis, cataracts, retinal damage. (myblog.de)

Progressive myopia1

• Various research projects are being undertaken around the world to reduce and/or find preventative measures for progressive myopia in children. (envisionmagazine.ca)

Diopters2

• approximately 66% of patients with myopia have less than 2 diopters (D) of myopia and 95% of myopic patients have less than 6 diopters . (eyewiki.org)
• Methods: An observational descriptive longitudinal study was conducted of 43 children aged 3-15 years diagnosed with myopia equal to or greater than 6 diopters in one or both eyes (72 eyes) who attended the Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Service at Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from January to December 2018. (bvsalud.org)

Cause of myopia3

• The underlying biological cause of myopia is unknown, and there is no widely accepted means of prevention or cure. (utah.edu)
• Instead of myopia being caused by a defect in a structural protein, defects in the control of these structural proteins might be the actual cause of myopia. (wikipedia.org)
• Understanding the underlying cause of myopia could help identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention and slow or prevent progression and myopic complications. (reviewofophthalmology.com)

Common refractive error2

• Myopia is the most common refractive error - in the United States alone, it affects between 25% to 41% of the population. (lasikindia.in)
• It is the most common refractive error among children and young adults. (2020-eye-care.com)

Reduce myopia progression1

• While no strategy yet guarantees 100 per cent efficacy, if we can reduce myopia progression by 50 per cent - the general mean efficacy of treatments currently available - we will reduce the incidence of high myopia across the population by 90 per cent. (mieducation.com)

Pigment epithelium2

• The membrane-type frizzled-related protein (MFRP) gene is selectively expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium and ciliary body, and mutations of this gene cause nanophthalmos. (cdc.gov)
• 70. Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wildsoet CF. Bidirectional, optical sign-dependent regulation of BMP2 gene expression in chick retinal pigment epithelium. (berkeley.edu)

Correction7

• Regular spectacle lenses for myopia correction often impose relative hyperopia in the periphery which could further stimulate eye growth into myopia. (vision-research.eu)
• Correction Of Refractive Errors Ppt But aside from that it's free. (fiftysixtysoftware.com)
• In a prospective study, 200 eyes of 100 patients, 49 male and 51 female, with a mean age of 29.7 years, had a complete posterior pole examination before and at 1 week, 1, 3 and 12 months after bilateral simultaneous LASIK for the correction of myopia. (scielo.br)
• Both patient and doctor should be aware that, even after the refractive error correction, the risk of complications related to the myopic eye would persist. (scielo.br)
• The added possibility of myopia control makes OK a very attractive mode of correction, especially in children. (envisionmagazine.ca)
• Although spectacle correction can improve vision, uncorrected refractive error is the most common cause of distance vision impairment and the second most common cause of blindness globally. (reviewofophthalmology.com)
• Inaccurate refractive correction, which inevitably occurs during periods of emmetropisation, should also be checked for. (alpfmedical.info)

Choroidal4

• While traditional OCT has produced longitudinal cross-sectional images, advancements in data processing have led to the development of en-face OCT, which produces transverse images of retinal and choroidal layers at any specified depth. (ijo.in)
• En-face OCT has also enabled high-resolution analysis and quantification of pathological structures such as reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) and choroidal neovascularization, which have the potential to become useful markers for disease monitoring. (ijo.in)
• En-face Doppler OCT enables subtle changes in the choroidal vasculature to be detected in eyes with RPD and AMD, which has significantly advanced our understanding of their pathogenesis. (ijo.in)
• Choroidal effusion as a mechanism for transient myopia induced by hydrochlorothiazide and triamterene. (scholarena.co)

Vitreous2

• We measured the central and peripheral mean spherical refractive error (MSE), vitreous chamber depth (VC), pupil diameter (PD), calculated eye growth, and myopia progression rates prior to and during treatment. (nih.gov)
• Hyperopia could be attributed to shallower vitreous chambers in WT animals. (bvsalud.org)

Form deprivation myopia3

• However, the retinal degeneration models with low basal levels of DOPAC had increased susceptibility to form deprivation myopia. (molvis.org)
• Furthermore, mouse studies revealed that lack of Aplp2 has a dose-dependent suppressive effect on susceptibility to form-deprivation myopia, providing a potential gene-specific target for therapeutic intervention to treat myopia. (plos.org)
• The phenotype was significantly stronger than form-deprivation myopia. (nature.com)

Treat myopia1

• A substantial amount of research has been done to determine the etiology of myopia, the risk factors associated with myopia, techniques to prevent myopia and ways to treat myopia. (eyewiki.org)

Results in myopia2

• Abnormal refractive development most commonly results in myopia. (molvis.org)
• Unfortunately, this results in myopia. (endmyopia.org)

Anterior3

• For hyperopia, Dr Alió noted that RLE is indicated when useful residual accommodation is less than 1 D and if the patient presents a normal anterior segment. (ophthalmologytimes.com)
• In eyes with high axial myopia, depth and stability of the anterior chamber are abnormal, which necessitates the use of dispersive (heavy) viscoelastic material. (biomedcentral.com)
• Myelinated retinal nerve fiber layers (MRNF) are retinal nerve fibers anterior to the lamina cribrosa that, unlike normal retinal nerve fibers, have a myelin sheath. (eyewiki.org)

Onset of myopia3

• Instead of a simple one-gene locus controlling the onset of myopia, a complex interaction of many mutated proteins acting in concert may be the cause. (wikipedia.org)
• 7,8 For these reasons, delaying the onset of myopia and/or slowing myopia progression has been the focus of significant study. (reviewofophthalmology.com)
• Despite the global pandemic of myopia, the precise molecular mechanism of the onset of myopia remains largely unknown. (nature.com)

Phakic4

• Phakic IOL is preferable over LASIK surgery in most patients with severe myopia. (medscape.com)
• The future of phakic IOLs shall be determined by the newer techniques of corneal refractive surgery, especially the wave-guided ablations. (medscape.com)
• Situations do exist where phakic IOLs and corneal procedures can be combined to provide the best refractive results. (medscape.com)
• Whether a phakic myopia IOL in a young patient will be a problem in future decades is still unknown. (medscape.com)

Associated with refractive error1

• In light of these factors that question whether IOP causes myopia, we aimed to assess whether IOP is associated with refractive error or AL using data collected from a large sample of Singaporean Chinese schoolchildren. (bmj.com)

Ganglion Cells4

• These factors may also vary with refractive error if spatiotemporal sensitivity is affected by structural changes during the emmetropization process that may differentially affect distinct ganglion cells. (arvojournals.org)
• It is not clear whether the downstream neurons, the retinal ganglion cells, still have access to this information-and whether it ultimately reaches the brain. (cambridge.org)
• We have analyzed the spike rates of chicken retinal ganglion cells in vitro using a microelectrode array. (cambridge.org)
• Thus, the studied retinal ganglion cells did not distinguish between a loss of contrast at a given spatial frequency due to reduced contrast of the stimulus pattern or because the pattern was presented out of focus. (cambridge.org)

Outcomes2

• Founding and facilitating the popular 'Myopia Profile' Facebook group some two years ago has seen the author observe an interesting combination of practitioner attitudes to the evidence - from reticence to accept credible studies to equating anecdotal observations with research outcomes. (mieducation.com)
• the last few decades and this progress has improved our post-op refractive outcomes. (coursera.org)

Increase in axial1

• The increase in axial lengh of the ciliary body (CBAXL) was used as an indicator during accommodation. (escrs.org)

Growth and refractive state1

• There was a dose-dependent relationship between the peripheral treatment zone area and the treatment-induced changes in eye growth and refractive state. (nih.gov)

Rate of myopia progression1

• Their respective clinical trials and studies of their modified products confirmed their hypotheses that decreasing peripheral hyperopia also reduces the rate of myopia progression. (envisionmagazine.ca)

High27

• It also demonstrates an important role for APLP2 in refractive development in mice and humans, suggesting a high level of evolutionary conservation of the signaling pathways underlying refractive eye development. (plos.org)
• In cases of high myopia, a staphyloma can sometimes be seen on fundoscopic examination. (wikipedia.org)
• While one might think that the inhibitory effect of outside activity on myopia is due to the longer viewing distances, and the lack of 'near work', our recent experiments in chickens show that the development of deprivation myopia (induced by frosted diffusers in front of the eye) is inhibited by high light levels. (vision-research.eu)
• It could be that temporary exposure to high light may represent a simple way to interfere with myopia also in children - monkey expriments are planned. (vision-research.eu)
• Mutations in the membrane-type frizzled-related protein ( MFRP ) gene have been identified in patients with pathologic high hyperopia associated with nanophthalmos or microphthalmia. (molvis.org)
• This study is to test if a mutation in MFRP is responsible for physiologic high hyperopia. (molvis.org)
• Our results imply that MFRP is less likely to play a major role in physiologic high hyperopia. (molvis.org)
• Most cases of high hyperopia are physiologic high hyperopia that is not associated with other ocular or systemic anomalies. (molvis.org)
• RLE should not be indicated in high myopia where patients are under 35, useful residual accommodation remains greater or equal to 2 D, or where refractive ambylopia associated to hyperopia is greater than or equal to 9 D. (ophthalmologytimes.com)
• SE⩽−0.5D) and high myopia (SE⩽−3.0D). (bmj.com)
• 5 These risks increase with high myopia (greater than -6 D). 6 Also, it's estimated that the global economic burden associated with uncorrected distance refractive error is $202 to 268 billion per year. (reviewofophthalmology.com)
• Children who exhibit myopia by age six to seven years are over six times more likely to progress to high myopia (over 5D) compared to older age of onset of 11-12 years of age, independent of ethnicity and gender. (aop.org.uk)
• Greene believed that this tensile weakening, plus the increase of IOP caused by the EOM's - anywhere from 5 to 14 mm. of pressure increase during convergence - were the proximal causes of the myopic staphyloma formation seen in high myopia. (simplybrainy.com)
• Notice the nanophthalmic eyes all have very high hyperopia which in fact is one of the diagnostic indices. (blogspot.com)
• Sequence variants of the MFRP gene do not appear to be associated with either the less severe forms of hyperopia, extreme forms of limited eye growth and development, or high myopia. (cdc.gov)
• Note the 5 high-amplitude spikes and the steeply rising retinal spike, as well as the good resolution of the separate retinal and scleral spikes. (medscape.com)
• Pathologic myopia is generally classified as a high myopic refractive error that is progressive and generally presents very early in childhood. (eyewiki.org)
• Patients with high axial myopia are at a greater risk of developing progressive retinal degeneration and other vision threatening pathology. (eyewiki.org)
• It is well documented that pathological non-syndromic high myopia and associated syndromic high myopia show evidence of familial inheritance. (eyewiki.org)
• High myopia is also a symptom of several multi-system complex diseases. (eyewiki.org)
• The prevalence rates of myopia in the United States have been reported as 20-50% and as high as 80-90% in some parts of Asia . (eyewiki.org)
• In terms of safe and effective treatment, orthokeratology is now known to be successful in controlling myopia and has even been shown to slow down progression in individuals with high myopia. (pointsdevue.com)
• Practitioners are more and more concerned with regard to the increased incidence of patients moving into the category of high myopia. (pointsdevue.com)
• The ocular health consequences of sequelae related to high myopia can be devastating in later life. (pointsdevue.com)
• 2.Laser eye surgery.Excimer laser corneal refractive surgery one of the fastest developed medical high-techs, is approaching perfect, Adolescents, who are growing up, should be given much caution on the operation. (myblog.de)
• moreover, high incidence of retinal changes is reported as a result of prematurity. (ac.ir)
• High incidence of myopia in premature infants could be related to preterm birth, ROP, or disease treatment (13). (ac.ir)

Bifocal1

• The survey shows that positive effect can be seen after children with myopia wearing the no line bifocal . (myblog.de)

Postoperative4

• Important factors to consider include the presence of useful residual accommodation, the risk of endophthalmitis, intraoperative hazards, potential postoperative complications and refractive alternatives, Dr Alió remarked. (ophthalmologytimes.com)
• These patients may need a second surgical procedure to fine-tune the postoperative refractive result. (cataractcoach.com)
• In other words, there is a strong tendency for a postoperative hyperopic surprise in these patients, so aim for some residual postoperative myopia. (cataractcoach.com)
• A postoperative refractive goal of a mild amount of residual myopia, such as -0.5 D to -1 D, can be helpful to avoid a hyperopic surprise. (cataractcoach.com)

Lenses4

• Concave lenses that diverge light rays (for myopia) and convex lenses that converge light rays (for hyperopia) are used to focus the object's image on the appropriate retinal point. (healio.com)
• When we found in 1987 that young chickens, treated with spectacle lenses (Figure 1), change their eye axial growth exactly so that they reach again normal refractions - with the lenses still in front of the eye -, we (with my co-authors Adrian Glasser and Howard Howland) believed that we had found 'the mechanism' that also drives myopia development in humans (Schaeffel et al, Vision Research 28, 639-657, 1988). (vision-research.eu)
• Orthokeratology (OK) lenses can reduce the rate of progression of childhood myopia over the long term. (bestbets.org)
• Moreover, it was shown that the amount of retinal glucagon mRNA increased during treatment with positive lenses. (cambridge.org)

Choroid1

• 83. Zhang Y, Wildsoet CF. RPE and choroid mechanisms underlying ocular growth and myopia. (berkeley.edu)

Complications3

• These are complications commonly caused by other eye diseases such as iritis, injury, blockage to the retinal vein, or long-term use of steroid eye drops for other disorders. (jrank.org)
• Although retinal pathologic conditions have been described as complications after LASIK, our data did not reveal a cause-effect relationship between the refractive error corrective procedure and retinal complications. (scielo.br)
• In addition, there are increased risks of complications such as retinal lesions, which could limit the visual recovery. (cataractcoach.com)

Degeneration6

• This study examines the influence of photoreceptor degeneration on refractive development by testing two mouse models of retinitis pigmentosa under normal and form deprivation visual conditions. (molvis.org)
• Refractive development under normal visual conditions was disrupted toward greater hyperopia from 4 to 12 weeks of age in these photoreceptor degeneration models, despite significantly lower DOPAC levels. (molvis.org)
• These results indicate that photoreceptor degeneration may alter dopamine metabolism, leading to increased susceptibility to myopia with an environmental visual challenge. (molvis.org)
• Two L / M cone opsin interchange mutants, designated LIAVA and LVAVA , are associated with clinical diagnoses, including red-green color vision deficiency, blue cone monochromacy, cone degeneration, myopia, and Bornholm Eye Disease. (arvojournals.org)
• Retinitis pigmentosa (RP), the most common type of inherited retinal degeneration causing blindness, initially manifests as severely impaired rod function followed by deteriorating cone function. (bioscirep.org)
• Retinitis pigmentosa (RP, OMIM 268000) is the most common type of inherited, blindness-causing retinal degeneration. (bioscirep.org)

Error and axial1

• animals were measured weekly for refractive error and axial parameters. (bvsalud.org)

Patients11

• Patients who have had LASIK or other refractive surgeries are especially difficult to measure precisely. (deserteyedoc.com)
• When using a Z-haptic IOL, aiming for slight residual hyperopia (+0.50 D) is suggested in patients having phacovitrectomy. (dovepress.com)
• The retinal changes found after LASIK in this series of patients, appear to reflect the predisposition of myopes. (scielo.br)
• While AO cameras have been shown to capture images successfully from the same retinal area over follow-up visits to follow progression of lesions with excellent accuracy in patients with stable foveal fixation, 1 there often are a number of retinal lesions in several retinal areas that should be tracked over time, and fixation locus may drift due to foveal involvement by the lesion. (arvojournals.org)
• However, there is a wealth of scientific evidence for engaging products and management processes today, in your practice, to slow down the race of your paediatric patients towards ever increasing myopia, and the associated escalating risks of ocular pathology. (aop.org.uk)
• Table I. Refractive error of patients and volunteers (5 eyes/group). (blogspot.com)
• It highlights the need to balance the available evidence with emerging knowledge when discussing options for myopia control with patients and their carers. (mieducation.com)
• An understanding of the difference between the evidence base and anecdotal observations in myopia control efficacy, to ensure appropriate informed consent for parents and young myopic patients. (mieducation.com)
• Many clinicians are implementing a systematic approach to establish a control protocol for their patients with rapidly progressing myopia. (pointsdevue.com)
• ABSTRACT Objective: Identify the characteristics of pediatric patients with greater than 6 diopter myopia. (bvsalud.org)
• Patients that have had previous refractive surgery frequently show additional loss of contrast with a reduction in visual quality 6). (ophtec.com)

Diseases1

• As a child develops and the myopia rapidly progresses, the child is at a higher risk of developing dangerous eye diseases later in life. (2020-eye-care.com)

Surgery4

• 8 8 What is refractive surgery? (slideplayer.com)
• 9 9 What is refractive surgery? (slideplayer.com)
• LASIK is currently the most popular type of refractive surgery. (medscape.com)
• Corneal Molding (CM) is a non-surgical alternative to refractive surgery, yet has many advantages over refractive surgery (PRK, LASIK, LASEK, RK). (mypremiereyecare.com)