OrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaInformation Science
ReptilesLizardsTurtlesAlligators and CrocodilesSnakesAmphibiansIguanasBoidaeViviparity, NonmammalianColubridaeFossilsReptilian ProteinsVertebratesDinosaursBirdsPlatypusMagicMammalsPetsOviparityZoologyBiological EvolutionPhylogenyAnatomy, ComparativePaleontologyEchidnabeta-KeratinsOrganotherapySurgery, VeterinarySpecies Specificity
Reptiles
Cold-blooded, air-breathing VERTEBRATES belonging to the class Reptilia, usually covered with external scales or bony plates.
Lizards
Turtles
Alligators and Crocodiles
Large, long-tailed reptiles, including caimans, of the order Loricata.
Snakes
Limbless REPTILES of the suborder Serpentes.
Amphibians
VERTEBRATES belonging to the class amphibia such as frogs, toads, newts and salamanders that live in a semiaquatic environment.
Iguanas
Large herbivorous tropical American lizards.
Boidae
A family of snakes comprising the boas, anacondas, and pythons. They occupy a variety of habitats through the tropics and subtropics and are arboreal, aquatic or fossorial (burrowing). Some are oviparous, others ovoviviparous. Contrary to popular opinion, they do not crush the bones of their victims: their coils exert enough pressure to stop a prey's breathing, thus suffocating it. There are five subfamilies: Boinae, Bolyerinae, Erycinae, Pythoninae, and Tropidophiinae. (Goin, Goin, and Zug, Introduction to Herpetology, 3d ed, p315-320)
Viviparity, Nonmammalian
The capability of bearing live young (rather than eggs) in nonmammalian species. Some species of REPTILES and FISHES exhibit this.
Colubridae
The largest family of snakes, comprising five subfamilies: Colubrinae, Natricinae, Homalopsinae, Lycodontinae, and Xenodontinae. They show a great diversity of eating habits, some eating almost anything, others having a specialized diet. They can be oviparous, ovoviviparous, or viviparous. The majority of North American snakes are colubrines. Among the colubrids are king snakes, water moccasins, water snakes, and garter snakes. Some genera are poisonous. (Goin, Goin, and Zug, Introduction to Herpetology, 3d ed, pp321-29)
Fossils
Remains, impressions, or traces of animals or plants of past geological times which have been preserved in the earth's crust.
Reptilian Proteins
Proteins obtained from species of REPTILES.
Vertebrates
Animals having a vertebral column, members of the phylum Chordata, subphylum Craniata comprising mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes.
Dinosaurs
General name for two extinct orders of reptiles from the Mesozoic era: Saurischia and Ornithischia.
Birds
Warm-blooded VERTEBRATES possessing FEATHERS and belonging to the class Aves.
Platypus
A small aquatic oviparous mammal of the order Monotremata found in Australia and Tasmania.
Magic
Beliefs and practices concerned with producing desired results through supernatural forces or agents as with the manipulation of fetishes or rituals.
Mammals
Warm-blooded vertebrate animals belonging to the class Mammalia, including all that possess hair and suckle their young.
Pets
Animals kept by humans for companionship and enjoyment, as opposed to DOMESTIC ANIMALS such as livestock or farm animals, which are kept for economic reasons.
Oviparity
The capability of producing eggs (OVA) from which young are hatched outside the body. While mostly referring to nonmammalian species, this does include MAMMALS of the order MONOTREMATA.
Zoology
The study of animals - their morphology, growth, distribution, classification, and behavior.
Biological Evolution
The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.
Phylogeny
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
Anatomy, Comparative
The comparative study of animal structure with regard to homologous organs or parts. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Paleontology
The study of early forms of life through fossil remains.
Echidna
An oviparous burrowing mammal of the order Monotremata native to Australia, Tasmania, and New Guinea. It has hair mingled with spines on the upper part of the body and is adapted for feeding on ants.
beta-Keratins
Keratins that form into a beta-pleated sheet structure. They are principle constituents of the corneous material of the carapace and plastron of turtles, the epidermis of snakes and the feathers of birds.
Organotherapy
Historically, the treatment of disease by the administration of animal organs or their extracts (after Brown-Sequard). At present synthetic preparations substitute for the extracts of a gland. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
Surgery, Veterinary
A board-certified specialty of VETERINARY MEDICINE, requiring at least four years of special education, training, and practice of veterinary surgery after graduation from veterinary school. In the written, oral, and practical examinations candidates may choose either large or small animal surgery. (From AVMA Directory, 43d ed, p278)
Species Specificity
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

Fitzgerald factor (high molecular weight kininogen) clotting activity in human plasma in health and disease in various animal plasmas. (1/408)

Fitzgerald factor (high molecular weight kininogen) is an agent in normal human plasma that corrects the impaired in vitro surface-mediated plasma reactions of blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, and kinin generation observed in Fitzgerald trait plasma. To assess the possible pathophysiologic role of Fitzgerald factor, its titer was measured by a functional clot-promoting assay. Mean +/- SD in 42 normal adults was 0.99+/-0.25 units/ml, one unit being the activity in 1 ml of normal pooled plasma. No difference in titer was noted between normal men and women, during pregnancy, or after physical exercise. Fitzgerald factor activity was significantly reduced in the plasmas of eight patients with advanced hepatic cirrhosis (0.40+/-0.09 units/ml) and of ten patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (0.60+/-0.30 units/ml), but was normal in plasmas of patients with other congenital clotting factor deficiencies, nephrotic syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or sarcoidosis, or under treatment with warfarin. The plasmas of 21 mammalian species tested appeared to contain Fitzgerald factor activity, but those of two avian, two repitilian, and one amphibian species did not correct the coagulant defect in Fitzgerald trait plasmas.  (+info)

Evidence for a correlation between the number of marginal band microtubules and the size of vertebrate erthrocytes. (2/408)

In 23 species of vertebrates the dimensions of erythrocytes and the number of their marginal band microtubules were examined. A positive correlation was found between the size of erythrocytes and the number of microtubules. The absence of microtubules in diskoid erythrocytes of mammals-Camelidae-is discussed.  (+info)

Activities of citrate synthase, NAD+-linked and NADP+-linked isocitrate dehydrogenases, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in nervous tissues from vertebrates and invertebrates. (3/408)

1. The activities of citrate synthase and NAD+-linked and NADP+-linked isocitrate dehydrogenases were measured in nervous tissue from different animals in an attempt to provide more information about the citric acid cycle in this tissue. In higher animals the activities of citrate synthase are greater than the sum of activities of the isocitrate dehydrogenases, whereas they are similar in nervous tissues from the lower animals. This suggests that in higher animals the isocitrate dehydrogenase reaction is far-removed from equilibrium. If it is assumed that isocitrate dehydrogenase activities provide an indication of the maximum flux through the citric acid cycle, the maximum glycolytic capacity in nervous tissue is considerably greater than that of the cycle. This suggest that glycolysis can provide energy in excess of the aerobic capacity of the tissue. 2. The activities of glutamate dehydrogenase are high in most nervous tissues and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase are high in all nervous tissue investigated. However, the activities of alanine aminotransferase are low in all tissues except the ganglia of the waterbug and cockroach. In these insect tissues, anaerobic glycolysis may result in the formation of alanine rather than lactate.  (+info)

Morphological and histochemical variations of mucous and oxynticopeptic cells in the stomach of the seps, Chalcides chalcides. (4/408)

Mucous and oxynticopeptic cells in the gastric mucosa of the seps, Chalcides chalcides (Linnaeus, 1758) were examined by standard histochemical staining methods and by lectin histochemistry. The epithelial mucous cells lining the surface of the stomach and the mucous cells of the fundic glands elaborated mainly neutral glycoproteins with beta(1,4)GlcNAc oligomers, GalNAc glycosidic residues and Gal beta1,3GalNAc terminal sequences. The mucous cells of the fundic glands were stained specifically with the Paradoxical Con A method. The mucosecreting cells of the pyloric glands produced neutral glycoproteins, with beta(1,4)GlcNAc oligomers, GalNAc residues and Gal beta1,3GalNAc terminal sequences. Terminal L-fucose bound to the penultimate GlcNAc residues, and/or difucosylated oligosaccharides were also present. The pyloric glands did not stain with the Paradoxical Con A procedure. The morphology of the oxynticopeptic cells changes from the oral to the aboral region of the fundic mucosa. In the oral fundic tract the oxynticopeptic cells showed cytoplasm filled with zymogen granules, while in the aboral fundic region these cells contained few zymogen granules and showed cytoplasm full of empty vesicles, typical of the acid secreting cells. A secretion gradient of proteolytic enzymes and hydrochloric acid along the fundic mucosa of the seps can be hypothesised.  (+info)

Genetic structure of natural populations of Escherichia coli in wild hosts on different continents. (5/408)

Current knowledge of genotypic and phenotypic diversity in the species Escherichia coli is based almost entirely on strains recovered from humans or zoo animals. In this study, we analyzed a collection of 202 strains obtained from 81 mammalian species representing 39 families and 14 orders in Australia and the Americas, as well as several reference strains; we also included a strain from a reptile and 10 from different families of birds collected in Mexico. The strains were characterized genotypically by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) and phenotypically by patterns of sugar utilization, antibiotic resistance, and plasmid profile. MLEE analysis yielded an estimated genetic diversity (H) of 0.682 for 11 loci. The observed genetic diversity in this sample is the greatest yet reported for E. coli. However, this genetic diversity is not randomly distributed; geographic effects and host taxonomic group accounted for most of the genetic differentiation. The genetic relationship among the strains showed that they are more associated by origin and host order than is expected by chance. In a dendrogram, the ancestral cluster includes primarily strains from Australia and ECOR strains from groups B and C. The most differentiated E. coli in our analysis are strains from Mexican carnivores and strains from humans, including those in the ECOR group A. The kinds and numbers of sugars utilized by the strains varied by host taxonomic group and country of origin. Strains isolated from bats were found to exploit the greatest range of sugars, while those from primates utilized the fewest. Toxins are more frequent in strains from rodents from both continents than in any other taxonomic group. Strains from Mexican wild mammals were, on average, as resistant to antibiotics as strains from humans in cities. On average, the Australian strains presented a lower antibiotic resistance than the Mexican strains. However, strains recovered from hosts in cities carried significantly more plasmids than did strains isolated from wild mammals. Previous studies have shown that natural populations of E. coli harbor an extensive genetic diversity that is organized in a limited number of clones. However, knowledge of this worldwide bacterium has been limited. Here, we suggest that the strains from a wide range of wild hosts from different regions of the world are organized in an ecotypic structure where adaptation to the host plays an important role in the population structure.  (+info)

Developmental evolution: this side of paradise. (6/408)

It has long been appreciated that the evolution of snakes involved the loss of limbs and axis elongation, but their developmental basis has been obscure. It has now been shown that alterations in the deployment of Hox genes and an early block in the formation of hindlimb primordia underpin these modifications.  (+info)

Reptile-associated salmonellosis--selected states, 1996-1998. (7/408)

During 1996-1998, CDC received reports from approximately 16 state health departments of Salmonella infections in persons who had direct or indirect contact with reptiles (i.e., lizards, snakes, or turtles). Salmonella infection can result in invasive illness including sepsis and meningitis, particularly in infants. Despite educational efforts, some reptile owners remain unaware that reptiles place them and their children at risk for salmonellosis. This report summarizes clinical and epidemiologic information in four cases and provides information about state regulations to prevent transmission of Salmonella spp. from reptiles to humans.  (+info)

Comparative development of the mammalian isocortex and the reptilian dorsal ventricular ridge. Evolutionary considerations. (8/408)

There has been a long debate about a possible homology between parts of the dorsal ventricular ridge (DVR) of reptiles and birds, and parts of the mammalian isocortex. Correspondence between these structures was originally proposed on the basis of connectional similarities between the DVR of birds and the mammalian auditory and extrastriate visual isocortical areas. Furthermore, the proposal of homology includes the possible embryological similarity of cells that give rise to the DVR and cells that give rise to the isocortex. Against this concept it has been claimed that the DVR and the isocortex originate in topographically different pallial compartments, an interpretation that is supported by recent developmental and molecular data. Other studies indicate that migrating cells can cross the borders between adjacent developmental compartments: cells that originate in subcortical components contribute a number of interneurons to the developing isocortex via tangential migration. This mechanism might reconcile the proposed homology with the developmental evidence, since cells originating in one compartment (the one corresponding to DVR) may become included in structures generated in a different compartment (the one corresponding to isocortex). However, there is no evidence in mammals of a structure homologous to the embryonic DVR that can produce isocortical neurons. In order to fully clarify the problem of isocortical origins, further comparative studies are needed of the embryonic development of the lateral and dorsal aspects of the cerebral hemispheres in amphibians, reptiles and mammals.  (+info)

Northern Tuatara - Sphenodon punctatus - Overview - Encyclopedia of LifeNorthern Tuatara - Sphenodon punctatus - Overview - Encyclopedia of Life
The common name tuatara comes from Maori words meaning spines on back, in reference to the crest on the backs of males and females. Tuatara have a lizard-like appearance: both groups are elongate with four limbs (most lizards) and both lizards and tuatara are known to shed their tails (caudal autotomy). The groups diverge, however, on the presence or lack of a paired hemipenes, the morphology of the teeth and skull, and other important features. Tuatara are long-lived species, reaching sexual maturity at about 20 years. Two species of tuatara, Sphenodon guntheri and Sphenodon punctatus, are located in New Zealand, and are the only species known to exist ...
http://eol.org/pages/460890/overview
Developmental stages and molecular phylogeny of Hepatozoon tuatarae, a parasite infecting the New Zealand tuatara, Sphenodon...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Developmental stages and molecular phylogeny of Hepatozoon tuatarae, a parasite infecting the New Zealand tuatara, Sphenodon punctatus and the tick, Amblyomma sphenodonti. AU - Herbert, James. AU - Godfrey, Stephanie. AU - Bull, Christopher. AU - Menz, Robert. PY - 2010/9. Y1 - 2010/9. N2 - The developmental stages of Hepatozoon tuatarae were elucidated in both the tuatara host, Sphenodon punctatus and the tick, Amblyomma sphenodonti. PCR amplicons from A. sphenodonti samples identified DNA matching H. tuatarae. Dissection of tick samples showed oogenesis and sporogony occurring in the haemocoel of A. sphenodonti with the average mature oocyst size being 236 × 228 μm. Partial sequence data of the parasites small subunit ribosomal gene, obtained by PCR, was used for phylogenetic comparison. Characterisation of the H. tuatarae lifecycle will help in conservation management of the tuatara.. AB - The developmental stages of Hepatozoon tuatarae were elucidated in both the tuatara ...
https://researchnow.flinders.edu.au/en/publications/developmental-stages-and-molecular-phylogeny-of-hepatozoon-tuatar
REPTILES - GENERAL CHARACTERS | BIOZOOMREPTILES - GENERAL CHARACTERS | BIOZOOM
Cotylosauria is considered as stem - reptiles. They closely resemble the Labyrinthodont amphibians. It is not easy to distinguish these two groups separately. In the Mesozoic era giant dinosaurs dominated the earth. In the late cretaceous period of Mesozoic era they became extinct In the present day world nearly 5,000 known species of reptiles are living. Reptiles are poikiothennic vertebrates. They are first true land vertebrates. They are the first amniotic group of vertebrate animals. The Present day reptiles are sphenodon, lizards, snakes, turtles and crocodiles. GENERAL CHARACTERS OF REPTILES The Reptiles origin from labyrinthodont Amphibians in the carboniferous period of Paleozoic era. Present day living Reptiles are 5,000 species. They have an endoskeleton of dry epidermal scales and in some, bony dermal plates are present. The Reptiles flourished in the Mesozoic era. Gant Dinosaurs dominated the earth and seas. Mesozoic era is the Golden age of Reptiies. Most of the giant Reptiles ...
http://www.biozoomer.com/2012/01/reptiles-general-characters.html
Figure 2 - Effect of Regulation and Education on Reptile-associated Salmonellosis - Volume 11, Number 3-March 2005 - Emerging...
Reptiles have become increasingly common as domestic pets, and with them reptile-associated Salmonella infections in humans. From 1990 to 2000, a total of 339 reptile-associated Salmonella cases were reported in Sweden. In 1996, as part of its efforts to adapt its import regulations to those of the European Union, Sweden no longer required certificates stating that imported animals were free of Salmonella. A subsequent increase was noted in the incidence of reptile-associated cases from 0.15/100,000 in the period 1990-1994 to 0.79/100,000 in 1996 and 1997. After a public education campaign directed toward the general public was begun through the news media, the incidence dropped to 0.46/100,000. Children were the most affected age group among patients (incidence 1.3/100,000). Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis was the most frequent serotype (24% of isolates), followed by S. Typhimurium (9% of isolates). Import restrictions and public information campaigns are effective public health measures
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/11/3/04-0694-f2
Reptile - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaReptile - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Reptile is the common name for one of the main groups of land vertebrates. It is not used so much by biologists, who use more accurate terms. The name reptile comes from Latin and means one who creeps. All living reptile species are cold blooded, have scaly skin, and lay cleidoic eggs.[1][2] They excrete uric acid (instead of urea), and have a cloaca. A cloaca is a shared opening for the anus, urinary tract and reproductive ducts. Reptiles also share an arrangement of the heart and major blood vessels which is different from that of mammals.[3] Many important groups of reptiles are now extinct, for example the mosasaurs. We used to say the dinosaurs were extinct, but they survive in the form of their feathered descendants (birds). Ancient reptiles that do survive include the turtles, the crocodiles and the Tuatara, the lone survivor of its group. The great majority of present-day reptiles are snakes and lizards. The study of living reptiles is called herpetology. ...
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reptile
Reptile - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaReptile - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Reptile is the common name for one of the main groups of land vertebrates. It is not used so much by biologists, who use more accurate terms. The name reptile comes from Latin and means one who creeps. All living reptile species are cold blooded, have scaly skin, and lay cleidoic eggs.[1][2] They excrete uric acid (instead of urea), and have a cloaca. A cloaca is a shared opening for the anus, urinary tract and reproductive ducts. Reptiles also share an arrangement of the heart and major blood vessels which is different from that of mammals.[3] Many important groups of reptiles are now extinct, for example the mosasaurs. We used to say the dinosaurs were extinct, but they survive in the form of their feathered descendants (birds). Ancient reptiles that do survive include the turtles, the crocodiles and the Tuatara, the lone survivor of its group. The great majority of present-day reptiles are snakes and lizards. The study of living reptiles is called herpetology. ...
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reptilia
Reptiles amphibians source
There are countless species and varieties of reptiles around the world. Even though there are many differences, reptiles do share a few common traits.For starters, they use lungs to breathe. Lizards might breathe using the same muscles they use to run and crocodiles have a more flexible diaphragm, but overall, reptiles have lungs that are more advanced than amphibians, but not as refined as mammals. Reptiles also have scales made of keratin protein. Scales provide protection from predators, help retain water, and can play a role in courtship and territorial clashes. Reptiles are not the only animals to have scales, but it is a common characteristic among all reptiles.Another characteristic is that theyre all four-legged vertebrates (or descended from four-limbed animals, like snakes). This is another shared trait with other types of animals, which indicates that reptiles are an evolutionary middle ground of sorts between amphibians and mammals. For the most part, female reptiles lay eggs but ...
http://edakz.xyz
Trade in Wild-Caught Reptiles | Animal Legal & Historical CenterTrade in Wild-Caught Reptiles | Animal Legal & Historical Center
A very common myth is that reptiles are cold-blooded. In addition to describing a general temperature of reptilian blood, the term also entails the negative connotations of evil and lifelessness. To be sure, in the Biblical story of Adam and Eve, it was a serpent that deceived mankind. However, reptiles are not cold-blooded. On occasion, they are quite the contrary and can even be hot-blooded. This gradation results in reptiles being poikilothermic. Poikilotherms have a body temperature that is variable with environmental conditions. If the ambient temperature is warm or even hot, that leads to a reptile having warm or hot blood. Another physiological term that accurately depicts reptiles is ectothemy. Ectotherms control the uptake of heat from the environment as a way to control internal body temperature. Reptiles are both poikilothermic and ectothemic, but are not cold-blooded. Moreover, some larger reptiles, such as large crocodilians, sea turtles and large monitor lizards approach ...
https://www.animallaw.info/intro/trade-wild-caught-reptiles
Terrible Lizards: TLS04 Bonus - Marine ReptilesTerrible Lizards: TLS04 Bonus - Marine Reptiles
An interview about Marine Reptiles with Keirsten Formso @formophology. To get more free bonus content FIRST become a Terrible Lizards Patron on In the third series of Terrible Lizards we finally edged away from dinosaurs to cover pterosaurs, but in the Mesozoic, there were far more reptiles in the sea than in the air so we really need to do them too. Happily to this end we can welcome Kiersten Formoso from the University of Southern California who is working on her PhD about the transition back to the water by various reptiles from the time of the dinosaurs. Over the course of this bonus episode we look at the rise and fall of various different groups that took to the water and the evolutionary changes that occurred to them as they adapted to a watery way of life. So sit back and enjoy an hour of live bearing giant dolphin-mimics and all kinds of others.    Links: Kierstens webpage with links to all her projects:    Photos taken at the Carnegie Museum of some of the groups
https://terriblelizards.libsyn.com/tls04-bonus-marine-repitles-with-kiersten-formoso
Major Histocompatibility Complex Genes Map to Two Chromosomes in an Evolutionarily Ancient Reptile, the Tuatara Sphenodon...Major Histocompatibility Complex Genes Map to Two Chromosomes in an Evolutionarily Ancient Reptile, the Tuatara Sphenodon...
The results presented here add a critical lineage to the emerging picture of MHC evolution in amniotes, with a genome-level characterization of MHC organization in an evolutionarily divergent reptile, the tuatara. The tuatara MHC region appears to be large with a high repeat content. We found a total of seven class I sequences and 11 class II β sequences, but some appeared to represent pseudogenes. Chromosome 13q appears to contain the core MHC, as clones containing classical class I, class II beta, and class II alpha chain genes map to here, but additional class I genes were located chromosome 4p.. The MHC in tuatara has low gene density compared with other species. We found at most five genes on individual BAC clones, and many clones contained only one or two genes and a high number of repetitive elements. The low density of tuatara MHC genes is a likely reason for challenges in identifying other MHC-associated genes like TAP1, TAP2, TAPBP, or C4 or framework genes like DAXX, BRD2, or TNXB on ...
https://www.g3journal.org/node/459977.full.print
To learn how to lose weight fast, we found Digestive system of amphibians reptiles and birds
Circulatory systems in fish, amphibians and mammals. Amphibians, Reptiles, and Mammals (Double Circulation).The circulatory system of a Frog forms a double loop. Adult frogs develop an apparatus and a digestive tract.Recall some of the adaptations each group has and how they help the animals better.RESPIRATION IN BIRDS-REPTILES-MAMMALS Respiratory System in Bird Respiratory System in Reptile Respiratory System in Mammals---a comparative anatomy.While something as basic as breathing may sound universal, the fact is that amphibians, birds, and mammals all do it differently.. The digestive system of birds is. the reproductive habits or mammals and those of reptiles, birds, and amphibians.Order Squamata Since reptiles were the first to inhabit dry land, several evolutionary changes were required in the.Many people who care for reptiles will at some point hear or read about the renal portal system. amphibians, birds and reptiles.). come from the digestive.. Animal genitalia: amphibians, reptiles and. ...
http://howtoclaiminjuries.eu/sokoc/digestive-system-of-amphibians-reptiles-and-birds-fuxu.php
Zoonoses From Reptiles and Their ParasitesZoonoses From Reptiles and Their Parasites
When we think of reptiles and their parasites, we tend to (or should be!) thinking about how the presence of bloodsucking ectoparasites and the many different types of endoparasites may harm our reptile. While a healthy reptile can sustain a certain number of endo- and ectoparasites, a stressed or already compromised reptile cannot. Since captivity is, in and of itself, stressful, experienced herpers learn that it is better to deal with the issue right from the start, rather than wait for a problem to develop and to spread throughout all their other enclosures and reptiles.. What most herpers - and other pet owners - fail to realize is that humans may become infected with diseases borne by the ectoparasites, as well as become infected with organisms that pass through the reptiles digestive tract (nicely known as the fecal-oral route). What follows are abstracts and other information on some of the tickborne and other zoonoses from reptile hosts.. Seasonal activity and host associations of ...
http://www.anapsid.org/zoonoses.html
Reptile-Associated Salmonellosis -- Selected States, 1994-1995Reptile-Associated Salmonellosis -- Selected States, 1994-1995
During 1994-1995, health departments in 13 states reported to CDC persons infected with unusual Salmonella serotypes in which the patients had direct or indirect contact with reptiles (i.e., lizards, snakes, or turtles). In many of those cases, the same serotype of Salmonella was isolated from patients and from reptiles with which they had had contact or a common contact. For some cases, infection resulted in invasive illness, such as sepsis and meningitis. This report summarizes clinical and epidemiologic information for six of these cases. Connecticut. During January 1995, a 40-year-old man was hospitalized because of an acute illness characterized by constipation, lower back pain, chills, and fever. He reported having taken ranitidine and an antacid for symptoms of heartburn before onset of mild diarrhea 3 days before hospitalization. A blood culture yielded Salmonella serotype Wassenaar. A magnetic resonance image scan of the right sacrum suggested osteomyelitis. Ciprofloxacin therapy was ...
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00037004.htm
Zilla reptile products online at Pet MountainZilla reptile products online at Pet Mountain
Buy discount Zilla reptile heaters, Zilla reptile light fixtures, Zilla terrarium screen covers, Zilla reptile bedding, Zilla reptile caves, Zilla reptile food and other Zilla reptile products online.
https://www.petmountain.com/brands/185/0/zilla.html?Order=11
ReptilesReptiles
Reptiles have dry scaly skin rather than hair or feathers. But they dont need moisturizer! Their special covering actually helps them hold in moisture and lets them live in dry places.. Reptile scales are connected in a sheet, which is the outermost layer of skin. Every so often, this layer of skin is shed and replaced. In some reptiles the skin flakes off in chunks. In snakes, the skin is usually shed in one piece. You may not think of turtle and tortoise shells as being scaly, but they are! Theyre shells are complex structures made up of bones and scales that develop from the outer layer of skin. Its natural body armor!. Heating Up and Cooling Down. Reptiles, like amphibians, are ectotherms ( cold-blooded). This means that they cant produce sufficient internal heat to maintain a constant body temperature. Instead, reptiles are responsible for regulating their own body temperature. When its cold outside and they need to warm up, they often bask in the sun to raise their body ...
https://www.bpzoo.org/our-animals/reptiles/
Reptiles Ophthalmology - WSAVA2002 - VINReptiles Ophthalmology - WSAVA2002 - VIN
Diseases of reptiles eyes are frequently seen in veterinary practice. The causes of these lesions are often identical to those responsible for inducing ophthalmic disease in mammals and birds. Although the approach to treatment is similar to that in mammals, anatomic differences in the reptile eye cause special conditions to reptiles. Because ciliary muscles of reptiles are composed of striated muscle rather than smooth muscle fibers, conventional mydriatic agents (parasympatholytics) such as tropicamide and atropine are ineffective in producing pupillary dilation. The second difference is that in those reptiles lacking movable eyelids, the corneas are covered by a clear protective epidermally derived structure called spectacle. This structure appears impervious to topical medications, thus making treatment of the globe difficult. The spectacle is periodically replaced during molting cycles (ecdysis).. Congenital ocular malformations (especially microphthalmos) occur with some frequency in ...
https://www.vin.com/apputil/content/defaultadv1.aspx?pId=11147&catId=29493&id=3846182&ind=68&objTypeID=17
Reptiles: The Bird Alternative - PetsBlogsReptiles: The Bird Alternative - PetsBlogs
However, while reptiles are often easier to maintain and require less attention than a dog or cat, their convenience comes at a price. Reptiles usually require specialized food and specific living conditions. Quite often, potential owners must have their cages custom built and have to monitor things such as lighting and heat within the cage at all times.. Reptiles have very specific husbandry needs and, if those needs are not met, are prone to a variety of illnesses and disorders. Some of the more common problems include ball pythons who are picky eaters and refuse food, iguanas who do not properly digest their food because of temperatures, boas who become listless and refuse food when it becomes too cold, and many reptiles run the high risk of calcium deficiencies.. Also, people often become un-enamored with their scaly friends when they realize that reptiles do not offer forth the same kind of warmth and affection as their warm-blooded cousins. With more instinctive behaviorisms and smaller ...
http://petsblogs.com/reptiles-the-bird-alternative/106
Viruses in reptiles | Veterinary Research | Full TextViruses in reptiles | Veterinary Research | Full Text
The etiology of reptilian viral diseases can be attributed to a wide range of viruses occurring across different genera and families. Thirty to forty years ago, studies of viruses in reptiles focused mainly on the zoonotic potential of arboviruses in reptiles and much effort went into surveys and challenge trials of a range of reptiles with eastern and western equine encephalitis as well as Japanese encephalitis viruses. In the past decade, outbreaks of infection with West Nile virus in human populations and in farmed alligators in the USA has seen the research emphasis placed on the issue of reptiles, particularly crocodiles and alligators, being susceptible to, and reservoirs for, this serious zoonotic disease. Although there are many recognised reptilian viruses, the evidence for those being primary pathogens is relatively limited. Transmission studies establishing pathogenicity and cofactors are likewise scarce, possibly due to the relatively low commercial importance of reptiles, difficulties with
https://veterinaryresearch.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1297-9716-42-100
Bizaare Fossil Gives Clue How Marine Reptiles Survived Mass Extinction 250 Million Years Ago : News : Nature World NewsBizaare Fossil Gives Clue How Marine Reptiles Survived Mass Extinction 250 Million Years Ago : News : Nature World News
Scientists have discovered a fossil of a new ancient marine animal that resembles present-day dolphins. The said fossil gives a hint of how marine reptiles survived mass extinction 250 million years ago.
http://www.natureworldnews.com/amp/articles/22948/20160525/bizaare-fossil-gives-clue-how-marine-reptiles-survived-mass-extinction-250-million-years-ago.htm
Fossils of Long-Necked Marine Reptile Called Elasmosaur Found in AlaskaFossils of Long-Necked Marine Reptile Called Elasmosaur Found in Alaska
The skeleton of an elasmosaur dinosaur, a rare 25-foot-long marine reptile, has been found for the first time in the mountains of Alaska.
https://www.newsmax.com/thewire/elasmosaur-alaska-discovered-marine/2015/08/07/id/669023/
Serovars of Salmonella from captive reptiles - DTU OrbitSerovars of Salmonella from captive reptiles - DTU Orbit
The distribution on serovars of 60 Salmonella isolates from reptiles kept in captivity in Denmark during the period 1995-2006 was investigated. The isolates were all recovered from clinical specimens submitted to the National Veterinary Institute. A majority of the samples were from reptiles in zoological gardens or similar, while a minor number was from reptiles kept in private homes. A total of 43 serovars were detected, most of them being what is usually called exotic serotypes, and many not having a trivial name, while a few isolates belonged to well-known human pathogenic serovars, such as S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. Bovismorbificans. One isolate was rough and two were non-typeable. Isolates from turtles belonged to the subspecies enterica, while many isolates from both sauria and snakes belonged to other subspecies. The findings underline the potential zoonotic risk by handling reptiles in zoological garden or other public settings, or keeping pet reptiles in private homes ...
http://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/serovars-of-salmonella-from-captive-reptiles
External Parasites in Reptiles | petMDExternal Parasites in Reptiles | petMD
Ticks can be removed by grasping them at the point of attachment and slowly pulling their mouth parts out of the reptiles skin.. To eliminate mites, pesticides and medications are used to kill the parasites both on the reptiles body and within the terrarium. Be very careful when using these chemicals around reptiles because they can cause serious illness or death if pets overdose from the medication, drink from contaminated water, or if ventilation is inadequate. Throw out all substrates and cage furnishings that could be harboring mites. Use newspaper as a floor covering throughout the treatment period and then refurnish the cage with mite-free substrates, branches, rocks, hide boxes, etc.. Bot larvae can be removed from their chamber within the skin by gently enlarging their breathing hole and pulling them out with a pair of tweezers. Maggots must be picked out of or flushed from a reptiles damaged skin. If the reptile has open wounds, it should be treated with topical antiseptics. ...
https://www.petmd.com/reptile/conditions/skin/c_rp_external_parasites?page=2
Reptiles, Because People Suck - Reptile T-Shirt | SpreadshirtReptiles, Because People Suck - Reptile T-Shirt | Spreadshirt
This Reptiles, Because People Suck - Reptile T-Shirt is printed on a T-Shirt and designed by drakken3d. Available in many sizes and colours. Buy your own T-Shirt with a Reptiles, Because People Suck - Reptile design at Spreadshirt, your custom t-shirt printing platform!
https://www.spreadshirt.com/reptiles+because+people+suck+reptile+kids+shirts-A107444996
Therapeutic Techniques of Reptiles - WSAVA2002 - VINTherapeutic Techniques of Reptiles - WSAVA2002 - VIN
GENERAL INFORMATION. This article provides an introduction to reptilian therapeutics. There are few drug preparations licensed for use in reptiles. Drugs authorized for use in other species or for humans may be administered under the responsibility of the veterinarian. It is important to note that some drugs may be very safe in certain species and fatal in another. For example, ivermectin while apparently safe in most snakes and lizards, causes death in most chelonia.. All reptiles should be accurately weighed before being medicated to avoid overdosage, and during treatment to monitor response.. All reptiles are ectothermic and a change in temperature may have profound influences on drug distribution, metabolism, excretion, and hence elimination half-life. Some therapeutic regimens state a fixed temperature at which the reptile should be held during treatment. The advantage of this approach is that where pharmacokinetic evidence exists the elimination of the drug will be known and constant. ...
https://www.vin.com/apputil/content/defaultadv1.aspx?pId=11147&catId=29493&id=3846190&ind=72&objTypeID=17
Sea Monsters: Prehistoric Ocean Predators - Australian National Maritime MuseumSea Monsters: Prehistoric Ocean Predators - Australian National Maritime Museum
Mosasaurs (pronounced mow-sa-sores) arrived five million years after the ichthyosaurs died out and soon replaced plesiosaurs at the top of the food chain. Their fossils show a steady sequence of changes as they evolved from small lizards living on the waters edge to the oceans top predators. They were powerful swimmers with goanna-like bodies, long snouts and forked tongues. Their paddles were formed from soft tissue covering their long finger bones. They used them for steering as their tails pushed them through the water. Unlike ichthyosaurs and plesiosaurs, they kept their scaly skin.. Mosasaurs ate anything: ammonites, fish, turtles, plesiosaurs, other mosasaurs and even sea birds. The only thing a mosasaur had to fear was a bigger mosasaur. Mosasaur skulls with bite marks from other mosasaurs suggest they might have fought each other for food, territory or mates.. They dominated the worlds oceans and inland seas for 30 million years until they went extinct, along with the plesiosaurs, at ...
https://www.sea.museum/whats-on/exhibitions/sea-monsters
Plesiosaur Peril - the lifestyles and behaviours of ancient marine reptiles - Scientific American Blog NetworkPlesiosaur Peril - the lifestyles and behaviours of ancient marine reptiles - Scientific American Blog Network
Between the later part of the Triassic and the very end of the Cretaceous, the seas of the world (and some of its rivers, lakes and estuaries as well) were inhabited by the remarkable group of swimming reptiles known as the plesiosaurs.
https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/tetrapod-zoology/plesiosaur-peril-the-lifestyles-and-behaviours-of-ancient-marine-reptiles/
Fossil found in Romania is flying reptile with 10-foot wingspan - UPI.comFossil found in Romania is flying reptile with 10-foot wingspan - UPI.com
British paleontologists say theyve worked with international colleagues to identify fossil remains as those of a new kind of extinct flying reptile.
https://www.upi.com/Science_News/2013/02/04/Fossil-of-flying-reptile-is-new-species/UPI-30171360011015/?spt=mps&or=4
Special Status Amphibians and Reptiles of Northern California | UC Davis Continuing and Professional EducationSpecial Status Amphibians and Reptiles of Northern California | UC Davis Continuing and Professional Education
This course covers the identification, distribution, natural history, ecology, conservation history and conservation status of all the Northern and Southern California amphibian and reptile species and subspecies that are listed as threatened or endangered by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) or the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. This course also covers all Northern California and selected Southern California species included in the current (2016) edition of the UC Press/CDFW publication California Amphibian and Reptile Species of Special Concern, such as the western pond turtle and the coast horned lizard. Also included is introductory material on survey techniques. The course is designed for agency biologists, consultants, planners, public utilities staff and others who are interested in the natural history and conservation biology of Northern California amphibians and reptiles.. ...
https://cpe.ucdavis.edu/course/special-status-amphibians-and-reptiles-northern-california
Genetic diversity and taxonomy: a reassessment of species designation in tuatara ( Sphenodon: Reptilia) | SpringerLinkGenetic diversity and taxonomy: a reassessment of species designation in tuatara ( Sphenodon: Reptilia) | SpringerLink
The identification of species boundaries for allopatric populations is important for setting conservation priorities and can affect conservation management decisions. Tuatara ( Sphenodon) are the...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10592-009-9952-7
The Biology and Diversity of Extant Reptiles. - GCSE Science - Marked by Teachers.comThe Biology and Diversity of Extant Reptiles. - GCSE Science - Marked by Teachers.com
Introduction. The Biology and Diversity of Extant Reptiles. The word reptile itself does not describe a monophyletic group of vertebrates, like the mammals or birds. It is used to classify a polyphyletic group of animals that are a subset of the larger group of Amniotes. The term is best described through a cladogram: Dr. Paul M. Barrett 2001 The reptiles first appeared in the early Carboniferous, having evolved from labyrinthodont amphibians. They had several distinct advantages over the amphibians that allowed them to flourish during the cold, dry Permian period. These lead them to be the most successful group of vertebrates and this period was referred to as the age of reptiles. They exploited all terrestrial niches, a few marine and even one group took to the air. No other group of vertebrates had ever displayed such diversity and mammals today are their only match. They were the first group of tetrapods to successfully overcome the major problems of terrestrial life, namely desiccation, ...
http://www.markedbyteachers.com/gcse/science/the-biology-and-diversity-of-extant-reptiles.html
Swiss Triassic reptile, new study | Dear Kitty. Some blogSwiss Triassic reptile, new study | Dear Kitty. Some blog
From the University of Zurich in Switzerland: Ancient Swiss reptile shows its bizarre scale armor for the first time June 30, 2017 Grisons, 241 million years ago -- Instead of amidst high mountains, a small reptile suns itself on an island beach in a warm shallow sea, where many fish and marine reptiles frolic. This…
https://dearkitty1.wordpress.com/2017/07/01/swiss-triassic-reptile-new-study/
KNIA / KRLS » Madison and Lincoln Elementary Learned About Reptiles and Amphibians on Monday » PrintKNIA / KRLS » Madison and Lincoln Elementary Learned About Reptiles and Amphibians on Monday » Print
He also shared his two books, Reptiles Up Close and More Reptiles Up Close. When Nieves was 8 years old, he became interested in reptiles while caring for a a garter snake that his brother brought home. He spends most of time his time educating others about reptiles and amphibians at schools, libraries and zoos. His books have become an additional way to share and David is currently working on Amphibians Up Close ...
http://kniakrls.com/2010/10/madison-and-lincoln-elementary-learned-about-reptiles-and-amphibians-on-monday/print
Reptiles & Amphibians - Page 2 - LibReptiles & Amphibians - Page 2 - Lib
The worlds most poisonous snakes belong to a family called elapids, which includes cobras, taipans, mambas and sea snakes (like Belchers sea snake). Plants for reptile and amphibians vivariums. Hatchlings are greenish in color and boldly marked with round spots and an orange ring around the carapace. A: Dinosaurs evolved from more primitive reptiles about 230 million years ago. The word alligator is taken from the Greek word meaning Crocodilos lizard. These illnesses and outbreaks are why CDC recommends that turtles and other reptiles are not kept as pets in households with young children. [775 KB] Gastrointestinal (Enteric) Diseases from Animals: Information about zoonotic outbreaks, prevention messages, and helpful resources ...
http://www.fisiomedica.com/lib/category/reptiles-amphibians/page/2/
Substrates for ReptilesSubstrates for Reptiles
Substrates commonly used in reptile enclosures include those in the list below. Some of these substrates are inappropriate for some reptiles. Some are inappropriate for all reptiles and are included here so that you will be forewarned against buying them despite pet store recommendations and the implied or explicit wording on product packaging and advertisements.. Substrates should not be collected in the wild as the soil, leaves, sand, gravel, etc., may contain organisms that are harmful to your reptile. Even if you dont use herbicides and pesticides in your yard, these chemicals are transported through the air as both dry and wet deposits, and so contaminate soil, leaves, and the woody parts of plants, even those at some distance from the point of application.. Particulate substrates, even when made from natural or biodegradable products such as plant fibers, should not be used for any lizard who smells with its tongue. Particles become stuck to the tongue and are swallowed. Over time, ...
http://www.anapsid.org/substrates2.html
Reptiles excretion - 5 ingredient banana oatmeal muffins
Drinking. Drinking. As. Thus they pay a price for their efficient water retention.Organisms in different environments utilize different structures in osmoregulation and excretion.Like birds, many reptiles excrete ni-trogenous waste as insoluble uric acid or urate salts (Minnich, 1972).. In all reptiles, birds, and mammals, the process of excretion, water and salt balance and the regulation of pH in body fluids are controlled by the kidneys.Fish utilize kidneys to filter out the wastes from their blood and then use their skin and gills to excrete. excretory system.Reptiles tend to have a broad innate immune response followed by a more moderate adaptive response, and as an ectotherm, their immune response is strongly affected by.I hope this helps you to understand the differences in excretion between humans and reptiles ...
http://xblforum.com/mixuq/reptiles-excretion-2460.php
Crystal Palace Reptiles - hamm9 - Crystal Palace Reptiles
Crystal Palace Reptiles, a reptile shop in London specializing in high end ball python morphs and unusual and hard to find reptiles, amphibians, chelonia and inverts.
http://crystalpalacereptiles.com/index.php/component/phocagallery/18-hamm-show/detail/1311-hamm9?tmpl=component&detail=0&buttons=0
Live Insects | Live Reptile Food | Pangea ReptileLive Insects | Live Reptile Food | Pangea Reptile
Keep your reptile satisfied with crickets and other live insects from Pangea Reptile. Shop our selection of live reptile food and nutritional supplements.
https://www.pangeareptile.com/store/reptile-food/live-insects.html?sort_by=position&sort_order=asc&layout=short_list&items_per_page=20
Feeding Frozen Thawed Food vs. Live Prey to Captive ReptilesFeeding Frozen Thawed Food vs. Live Prey to Captive Reptiles
It would be difficult today to find an experienced keeper of captive reptiles who would fail to recognize that there is seldom a requirement for the feeding of live prey. Invariably most captive reptiles readily accept and thrive upon a diet consisting entirely of frozen/thawed food items. This fact has long been known in zoos and other professional animal keeping institutions and it is unfortunate that one can still find people who should know better recommending the feeding of live prey despite the many disadvantages it entails and the corresponding benefits of a diet consisting of frozen/thawed items.. Snakes and many other reptiles are what are known as obligate carnivores, being limited in their diet to consuming other animals. In the wild, this normally means that they are predators, hunting and subduing their own prey although it is not uncommon for them to scavenge when the opportunity presents itself. Many snakes and lizards have been observed feeding upon carrion and this behavior is ...
https://www.rodentpro.com/informationcenter/resources/feeding-frozen-vs-live-reptiles
Palaeos Vertebrates Ichthyosauria: Ancestral Ichthyosaurs
The fossil also documented that or low, position in the of bone discs supporting Ichthyosaur. From Wikipedia, Universities free encyclopedia.. Although it was known that mistaking Ichthyosaurus for the Jurassic equivalent of a bluefin tuna: this marine reptile Yhteisvastuukeräys an a convention followed by many nineteenth century illustrations with the on its back, and Lämpökartano Switzerland and Asia Indonesia.. New finds allowed for a hyperphalangy; exceptionally, Ophthalmosaurus shows a. Mustan Auton Vahaus killed this ichthyosaur.. The toe phalanges also show early ichthyosaurs were also born reduced number of phalanges. The lower side of the are merged into a mosaic.. Some studies showed a basal, with the Hupesuchia into the. The tibia, fibula and metatarsals string of yarn at a head first, perhaps opposed to.. Combining a range of odd characteristics from llamas and camels four-legged prehistoric mammals like Pakicetus statements Articles with unsourced statements aquatic ...
https://dosomegoodnow.com/kotiseutu-uutiset/ichthyosaur.php
Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy on Reptile
Reptiles generally reproduce sexually, though some are capable of asexual reproduction. All reproductive activity occurs through the cloaca, the single exit/entrance at the base of the tail where waste is also eliminated. Most reptiles have copulatory organs, which are usually retracted or inverted and stored inside the body. In turtles and crocodilians, the male has a single median penis, while squamates, including snakes and lizards, possess a pair of hemipenes, only one of which is typically used in each session. Tuatara, however, lack copulatory organs, and so the male and female simply press their cloacas together as the male discharges sperm.[106]. Most reptiles lay amniotic eggs covered with leathery or calcareous shells. An amnion, chorion, and allantois are present during embryonic life. The eggshell (1) protects the crocodile embryo (11) and keeps it from drying out, but it is flexible to allow gas exchange. The chorion (6) aids in gas exchange between the inside and outside of the ...
http://hitchhikersgui.de/Reptile
Reptile - WikipediaReptile - Wikipedia
Reptiles generally reproduce sexually, though some are capable of asexual reproduction. All reproductive activity occurs through the cloaca, the single exit/entrance at the base of the tail where waste is also eliminated. Most reptiles have copulatory organs, which are usually retracted or inverted and stored inside the body. In turtles and crocodilians, the male has a single median penis, while squamates, including snakes and lizards, possess a pair of hemipenes, only one of which is typically used in each session. Tuatara, however, lack copulatory organs, and so the male and female simply press their cloacas together as the male discharges sperm.[113]. Most reptiles lay amniotic eggs covered with leathery or calcareous shells. An amnion, chorion, and allantois are present during embryonic life. The eggshell (1) protects the crocodile embryo (11) and keeps it from drying out, but it is flexible to allow gas exchange. The chorion (6) aids in gas exchange between the inside and outside of the ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reptile
Identification and dynamics of a cryptic suture zone in tropical rainforest - ResearchOnline@JCUIdentification and dynamics of a cryptic suture zone in tropical rainforest - [email protected]
Suture zones, shared regions of secondary contact between long-isolated lineages, are natural laboratories for studying divergence and speciation. For tropical rainforest, the existence of suture zones and their significance for speciation has been controversial. Using comparative phylogeographic evidence, we locate a morphologically cryptic suture zone in the Australian Wet Tropics rainforest. Fourteen out of 18 contacts involve morphologically cryptic phylogeographic lineages, with mtDNA sequence divergences ranging from 2 to 15 per cent. Contact zones are significantly clustered in a suture zone located between two major Quaternary refugia. Within this area, there is a trend for secondary contacts to occur in regions with low environmental suitability relative to both adjacent refugia and, by inference, the parental lineages. The extent and form of reproductive isolation among interacting lineages varies across species, ranging from random admixture to speciation, in one case via ...
https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/4808/
Fossil of Giant Flying Reptile FoundFossil of Giant Flying Reptile Found
Scientists have uncovered a new species of gigantic reptile that flew the skies over Brazil 115 million years ago, the BBC reports. The reptile, by far the largest of its kind ever found, had a wing... Science News Summaries. | Newser
http://www.newser.com/story/44358/fossil-of-giant-flying-reptile-found.html
Glass Reptiles - Glass Frogs - Glass Snake - Glass LizardGlass Reptiles - Glass Frogs - Glass Snake - Glass Lizard
Glass reptile figurines probably are not as much pretty as animals or cats but definitely glass reptiles are desired objects of collecting. We offer wide selection of hand blown glass reptiles for good prices. We sell goods directly from Russia.
https://russian-crafts.com/glass-figurines/glass-reptiles.html?currency=EUR&sort_by=timestamp&sort_order=desc&layout=products_without_options
SalmonellaSalmonella
Salmonella can often be found in the intestinal tract of reptiles. A reptile with Salmonella can possibly infect its owner.Salmonella in iguanas is a health problem that can affect their owners sometimes more than the reptile itself. Beneficial bacteria, known as probiotics, have long been known to aid the intestinal tract of humans. Now a product is available for salmonella-positive reptiles. Many reptile-related diseases can be traced to the health of the reptiles intestinal tract. A good, well-balanced probiotic offers a safe approach for the gut of reptiles. Many have said that the use of NutriBAC has increased their reptiles appetite, reversed constipation, and stopped regurgitation following feedings. A good probiotic or beneficial bacteria, like NutriBAC, is simply a tool in the husbandry of reptiles and amphibians. NutriBAC is the only probiotic patented for use in reptiles and amphibians ...
http://www.nutribac.com/home/
Amphisbaenia - WikipediaAmphisbaenia - Wikipedia
Amphisbaenia (called amphisbaenians or worm lizards) is a group of usually legless squamates, comprising over 180 extant species. Amphisbaenians are characterized by their long bodies, the reduction or loss of the limbs, and rudimentary eyes. As many species have a pink body and scales arranged in rings, they have a superficial resemblance to earthworms. While the genus Bipes retains forelimbs, all other genera are limbless. Although superficially similar to the snakes and Dibamidae, recent phylogenetic studies suggest that they are most closely related to the Lacertidae. Amphisbaenians are widely distributed, occurring in North America, Europe, Africa, South America, and the Caribbean. Most species are less than 6 inches (150 mm) long. Despite a superficial resemblance to some primitive snakes, amphisbaenians have many unique features that distinguish them from other reptiles. Internally, their right lung is reduced in size to fit their narrow bodies, whereas in snakes, it is always the left ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphisbaenia
Good Guy Or Bad Guy? Diagnosing Stomach Disease In Pet Reptiles - RedorbitGood Guy Or Bad Guy? Diagnosing Stomach Disease In Pet Reptiles - Redorbit
A popular get well card shows a raccoon saying to a snake, You wouldnt get these stomach aches if you chewed your food properly. Vets know, however, that indigestion in snakes and other reptiles often results not from swallowing food whole but from a parasitic infection. The gastrointestinal disease cryptosporidiosis represents a particularly severe problem: although it is rarely otherwise serious in mammals, reptiles seem especially prone to it and the condition is often fatal. Furthermore it is highly contagious, so early diagnosis would represent a good way to limit its spread among reptiles. Unfortunately, though, diagnosis is extremely difficult. Scientists at the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna have developed a test for the identification of the cryptosporidia that cause the condition, enabling them to assess its prevalence in pet lizards and snakes. The results are published in the current issue of the Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation.. Although known for over ...
http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/2056230/good_guy_or_bad_guy_diagnosing_stomach_disease_in_pet/
Index of /fossils/Reptiles/Ichthyosaur
Parent Directory - _notes/ 19-Jul-2014 17:26 - CF011Mt.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 3.5K CF011Et.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 5.6K CF011At.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 5.6K CF011Ft.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 5.8K CF011Lt.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 7.0K CF011Ct.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 7.0K Ichthyosaur.htm 19-Jul-2014 17:26 7.9K CF011Dt.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 7.9K CF011Kt.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 8.6K CF011It.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 8.7K CF011Gt.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 9.6K CF011Bt.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 9.7K CF011Jt.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 12K CF011A300.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 13K CF011Ht.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 13K Ichthyosaur2.gif 19-Jul-2014 17:26 16K CF011M.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 23K Ichthyosaur.gif 19-Jul-2014 17:26 25K Ichthyosaur188.gif 19-Jul-2014 17:26 25K CF011E.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 36K CF011A.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 41K CF011F.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 44K CF011C.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 56K CF011L.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 59K CF011K.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 60K CF011D.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 63K CF011G.jpg 19-Jul-2014 17:26 68K CF011I.jpg ...
http://www.fossilmuseum.net/fossils/Reptiles/Ichthyosaur/?C=S
Effect of fire on the herpetofauna of the Koanaka Hills, Ngamiland, BotswanaEffect of fire on the herpetofauna of the Koanaka Hills, Ngamiland, Botswana
Ngamiland is one of the most remote regions in Botswana, and its herpetofauna is largely under-surveyed. This study documents the herpetofauna of the Koanaka Hills (KH) in Ngamiland in 2009 following extensive fire destruction and compares it to the pre-fire herpetofauna collected in 2008. We also provide new records for the region for three amphibian and six reptile species, and document vouchers for two taxa that were sighted but not collected in 2008. During 2009, 14 reptile and three amphibian species were collected, bringing the total number of confirmed herpetofaunal taxa near the KH to three amphibian and 19 reptile species. For seven species this is the first published occurrence in quarter degree square 2021 Aa. Analyses measuring changes in the KH herpetofauna following the fire are inconclusive due to differences in collection effort and weather conditions. However, these data suggest that fire impact was minimal.
https://checklist.pensoft.net/article/18470/
Salmonella prevalence among reptiles in a Zoo education setting
Clinically healthy reptiles may shed Salmonella and therefore act as a potential zoonotic threat. Most people in Northern European countries are rarely exposed to reptiles, but many zoos have education departments where children have direct contact with this group of animals. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and serotype distribution of Salmonella among reptiles in the Education Department (n = 55) at Copenhagen Zoo and compare it to the Zoos main reptile collection (n = 145) to evaluate the zoonotic risk. Salmonella was isolated from cloacal swabs by selective enrichment, and a single isolate from each positive sample was further identified by biochemical tests and serotyped. The overall prevalence was 35% (69/200) with significant difference between the Education Department (64%, 35/55) and the main reptile collection (23%, 34/145). A total of 28 serotypes were detected. Ten serotypes were isolated from more than one specimen and four from more than one species. ...
https://curis.ku.dk/portal/da/publications/salmonella-prevalence-among-reptiles-in-a-zoo-education-setting
3 big Mosasaur Dinosaur teeth fossil khouribga Morocco Fossilized Mosasaurus Vertebrates Collectibles
Morocco, 3 big fossil Mosasaur teeth from Morocco, late cretaceous period 66 Milion years old, If you buy one lot, you will get 3 Mosasaur teeth out of the group of teeth on the picture,These Mosasaur teeth are found in Khouribga, Fast, Free Shipping and Returns Global fashion Get the Top Brands at Competitive Prices.
https://online-writers-forum.net/Collectibles-xvyscu-Dinosaur-teeth-fossil-khouribga-Morocco-75617/
American alligator - WikipediaAmerican alligator - Wikipedia
Adult male American alligators measure 3.4 to 4.6 m (11.2 to 15.1 ft) in length, and can weigh up to 453 kg (999 lb). Females are smaller, measuring 2.6 to 3 m (8.5 to 9.8 ft) in length. The American alligator inhabits freshwater wetlands, such as marshes and cypress swamps from Texas to southeastern and coastal North Carolina. It is distinguished from the sympatric American crocodile by its broader snout, with overlapping jaws and darker coloration, and is less tolerant of saltwater but more tolerant of cooler climates than the American crocodile, which is found only in tropical climates. American alligators are apex predators and consume fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Hatchlings feed mostly on invertebrates. They play an important role as ecosystem engineers in wetland ecosystems through the creation of alligator holes, which provide both wet and dry habitats for other organisms. Throughout the year, in particular during the breeding season, American alligators bellow to ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Alligator
Anolis carolinensis | The Reptile DatabaseAnolis carolinensis | The Reptile Database
Taxonomic database that provides basic information about all living reptile species, such as turtles, snakes, lizards, and crocodiles, as well as tuataras and amphisbaenians, but does not include dinosaurs.
https://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Anolis&species=carolinensis&search_param=%28%28taxon%3D%27Squamata%27%2Cexact%29%29
Crocodylus niloticus | The Reptile DatabaseCrocodylus niloticus | The Reptile Database
Taxonomic database that provides basic information about all living reptile species, such as turtles, snakes, lizards, and crocodiles, as well as tuataras and amphisbaenians, but does not include dinosaurs.
https://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Crocodylus&species=niloticus&search_param=%28%28taxon%3D%27Crocodylidae%27%29%29
Monkeydactyl - Strange New Jurassic Flying Reptile Reveals the Oldest Opposable...Monkeydactyl - Strange New Jurassic Flying Reptile Reveals the Oldest Opposable...
Pterosaur is a flightless dinosaur it is a dinosaur serrated teeth claws link to ornithosuchus allso climber .pterosaur is very aquatic smooth skin web toe .flying animal do not have heavy armor skull crest on top of skull or behind these crest can be found in duck bill dinosaur some of them are very aquatic with smooth skin clearly they are aquatic they have crocodilian tail and they are not tetanuran dinosaur with stiff land tail .armor crest allso found in the true crocodilian the mesoeucrocodylia voay .duck bill dinosaur share unique occified tendon with pterosaur . I think it is this dinosaur deinocheirus has a duck face has fuse tail like birds and pterosaur .deinocheirus likely is a tyrannosaur .pterosaur allso has long skull a aquatic feature nose push Back allso aquatic feature the advance pterosaur have flexible tail like gator the primitive won have tetanuran stiff tail pterosaur allso have crocodilian kink snout the advance kind .pterosaur bird feature does not mean it can fly gator ...
https://scitechdaily.com/monkeydactyl-strange-new-jurassic-flying-reptile-reveals-the-oldest-opposable-thumbs/
Reptile - Academic Kids
All reptiles breathe using lungs. Reptiles dont normally breathe through their skin. The only exceptions to this are in aquatic turtles. These animals have developed more permeable skin, and even gills in their anal region, for some species (Orenstein, 2001). Even with these adaptations, breathing is never fully accomplished without lungs. Lung ventilation is accomplished differently in each main reptile group. In squamates the lungs are ventilated almost exclusively by the axial musculature. This is also the same musculature that is used during locomotion. Because of this constraint, most squamates are forced to hold their breath during intense runs. Some, though, have found a way around it. Varanids, and a few other lizard species, employ buccal pumping as a complement to their normal axial breathing. This allows the animals to completely fill their lungs during intense locomotion, and thus remain aerobically active for a long time. Tegu lizards are known to possess a proto-diaphragm, which ...
http://sidewinder.academickids.com/encyclopedia/index.php/Reptiles
Changing Planet: Disappearing Lizards - Windows to the UniverseChanging Planet: Disappearing Lizards - Windows to the Universe
It turns out that snakes are the most feared of any animal on Earth. Reptiles have had a consistently bad rap for a long time - from the serpent in the Garden of Eden to the basilisk of Lord Voldemort. Reptiles are seen as sinister, scaly, deceitful and more than a bit threatening.. But did you know that rattlesnakes, some of the most feared snakes of North America, bear live young and some actually stay with their young after birth to teach them life habits? That sounds more maternal than threatening! Rattlesnakes (and many other reptiles) are responsible for controlling the population of rodents and insects whose populations would otherwise grow uncontrollably. Snakes and lizards serve as a food source for birds, other reptiles, mammals and even some insects, thus supporting the natural ecosystem that is home to many plants and animals. Climate change is affecting reptiles - which are a vital link in our ecosystems!. Find out more about how rising temperatures are affecting the worlds lizard ...
https://windows2universe.org/earth/changing_planet/reptiles_intro.html&dev=
reptile - Feeding habits | animal | Britannica.comreptile - Feeding habits | animal | Britannica.com
reptile - Feeding habits: With few exceptions, modern reptiles feed on some form of animal life (such as insects, mollusks, birds, frogs, mammals, fishes, or even other reptiles). Land tortoises are vegetarians, eating leaves, grass, and even cactus in some cases. The green iguana (I. iguana) of Central and South America,...
https://www.britannica.com/animal/reptile/Feeding-habits
Mixosaur ichthyosaur from Triassic of Norway + Large Ichthyosaurus forefin (free pdfs)
Ben Creisler [email protected] Some recent (and not so recent) marine reptile papers with free pdfs: Hurum, J.H., Roberts, A.J., Nakrem, H.A., Stenløkk, J.A. & Mørk, A. (2015) The first recovered ichthyosaur from the Middle Triassic of Edgeøya, Svalbard. Norwegian Petroleum Directorate Bulletin 11: 97-110 Stavanger 2014, ISSN Online 1894-7670, ISBN 978-82-7257-117-6. http://www.npd.no/Global/Norsk/3-Publikasjoner/NPD-Bulletin/Bulletin-11-kap/NPD_Bulletin_Hurum_Scr.pdf The Blanknuten Member of the Botneheia Formation preserves ichthyopterygians of various body-sizes. Due to the fragmentary nature of their remains, their systematic positions are controversial. The most complete skeleton of a mixosaur from Svalbard (PMO 219.250) described in this paper adds new data to the Phalarodon-Mixosaurus controversy, which is directly connected to the Svalbard taxa, starting with the description of Ichthyosaurus nordenskioeldii by Hulke in 1873. The ratios of the posterior dorsal vertebrae to the mid ...
http://dml.cmnh.org/2015Jul/msg00085.html
RA148 - Common Toad (Bufo bufo) Illustration | Reptile & Amphibian Illustrations by Chris ShieldsRA148 - Common Toad (Bufo bufo) Illustration | Reptile & Amphibian Illustrations by Chris Shields
Looking for a Reptile & Amphibian Illustrator? Chris Shields is a specialist Reptile & Amphibian illustrator. A large selection of Reptile & Amphibian illustrations are available to see online.
https://illustratedwildlife.com/illustrations/index.php?image_id=711&category_id=6
The genome of the green anole lizard and a comparative analysis with birds and mammals | NatureThe genome of the green anole lizard and a comparative analysis with birds and mammals | Nature
The first non-avian reptile genome has been sequenced, that of the North American green anole lizard (Anolis carolinensis). The anole is an emerging model for the study of adaptive radiation and convergent evolution. The genome includes a previously unknown X chromosome, with no homology to known amniote sex chromosomes, and microchromosomes that share a common ancestry with those in birds, but without their unusual characteristics. The evolution of the amniotic egg was one of the great evolutionary innovations in the history of life, freeing vertebrates from an obligatory connection to water and thus permitting the conquest of terrestrial environments1. Among amniotes, genome sequences are available for mammals and birds2,3,4, but not for non-avian reptiles. Here we report the genome sequence of the North American green anole lizard, Anolis carolinensis. We find that A. carolinensis microchromosomes are highly syntenic with chicken microchromosomes, yet do not exhibit the high GC and low repeat content
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature10390
Reptile Medicine and Surgery in Clinical Practice PDFReptile Medicine and Surgery in Clinical Practice PDF
Reptile Medicine and Surgery in Clinical Practice PDF. The word herpetology is from Greek herpeton, creeping animal and ‐logia knowledge. It is the term used to describe the study of reptiles and amphibians. Some sources describe those who keep reptiles as herpetoculturists and the hobby as herpetoculture.
https://www.veterinarydiscussions.net/reptile-medicine-and-surgery-in-clinical-practice-pdf/
Nimravids Weblog | Hunting down the past one discovery at a time.Nimravids Weblog | Hunting down the past one discovery at a time.
I HAD PLANNED on covering the article on the platypus genome that came out in Nature last week, but since then this paper has been discussed in detail on Pharyngula and Adaptive Complexity and I think further discussion would be moot. I did notice while reading the paper that the unfortunate description of certain platypus genes as reptilian cropped up frequently. Although the authors noted that the sauropsids and synapsids are amniotes, they never mentioned that platypus genes shared with reptiles are actually basal amniote genes. Although their phylogenetic tree shows synapsids and sauropsids clearly diverging from a common amniote ancestor, they do not seem to realize referring to these ancestral amniote genes as reptilian suggests evolution of the platypus (and thus all synapsids) from reptiles instead of from a non-reptilian amniote. However, today I want to talk about the platypus sex chromosomes. Platypuses, like the therians, have genetic sex determination. They have an XX/XY system ...
https://nimravid.wordpress.com/
Library - Hopewell Animal HospitalLibrary - Hopewell Animal Hospital
Before acquiring a reptile, thoroughly research all aspects of reptile ownership including not only which reptile is appropriate for your lifestyle, but also how to provide it with proper diet, suitable housing, and a healthy, stimulating environment. As a rule, if you want a pet to snuggle with, a reptile is not for you! If, on the other hand, you want an animal you can display in a well-designed, natural habitat, marvel in its natural behaviors, and enjoy learning about it, owning a reptile might be for you. Most reptiles must be fed and watered daily, and often their cages need to be cleaned daily as well. All reptiles need to be examined by a reptile-savvy veterinarian immediately after purchase or adoption (within 48 hours), and then at least annually after that. Since many exotic animals are prey species that hide illness to avoid being captured by predators, these pets usually do not act sick (or show any indication of illness) until they are very sick and need immediate veterinary ...
https://hopewellanimalhospital.com/client-resources/pet-health/articles/?ps=5
Faune et flore du pays - Les curieux de la nature
Freshwater turtles are reptiles, like snakes, crocodilians and lizards. Like other reptiles, they are ectothermic, or cold-blooded, meaning that their internal temperature matches that of their surroundings. They also have a scaly skin, enabling them, as opposed to most amphibians, to live outside of water. Also like many reptile species, turtles lay eggs (they are oviparous). But what makes them different to other reptiles is that turtles have a shell. This shell, composed of a carapace in the back and a plastron on the belly, is made of bony plates. These bones are covered by horny scutes made of keratin (like human fingernails) or leathery skin, depending on the species. All Canadian freshwater turtles can retreat in their shells and hide their entire body except the Common Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina). This shell is considered perhaps the most efficient form of armour in the animal kingdom, as adult turtles are very likely to survive from one year to the next. Indeed, turtles have ...
https://www.hww.ca/fr/les-curieux-de-nature/appli.html
Evidence that prehistoric flying reptiles probably had feathers refuted - Oxford Research NewsEvidence that prehistoric flying reptiles probably had feathers refuted - Oxford Research News
Pterosaur expert Dr David Unwin from the University of Leicesters Centre for Palaeobiology Research, and Professor Dave Martill, of the University of Portsmouth have examined the evidence that these creatures had feathers and believe they were in fact bald.. They have responded to a suggestion by a group of his colleagues led by Zixiao Yang that some pterosaur fossils show evidence of feather-like branching filaments, protofeathers, on the animals skin.. Dr Yang, from Nanjing University, and colleagues presented their argument in a 2018 paper in the journal Nature Ecology and Evolution. Now Unwin and Martill, have offered an alternative, non-feather explanation for the fossil evidence in the same journal.. While this may seem like academic minutiae, it actually has huge palaeontological implications. Feathered pterosaurs would mean that the very earliest feathers first appeared on an ancestor shared by both pterosaurs and dinosaurs, since it is unlikely that something so complex developed ...
https://oxfordresearchnews.com/2020/09/28/evidence-that-prehistoric-flying-reptiles-probably-had-feathers-refuted/
reptile - Digestive and urogenital systems | animal | Britannica.comreptile - Digestive and urogenital systems | animal | Britannica.com
reptile - Digestive and urogenital systems: The digestive system of modern reptiles is similar in general plan to that of all higher vertebrates. It includes the mouth and its salivary glands, the esophagus, the stomach, and the intestine and ends in a cloaca. Of the few specializations of the reptilian digestive system, the evolution of one...
https://www.britannica.com/animal/reptile/Digestive-and-urogenital-systems
pranovo Reptile Fogger Humidifier Humidifying Fog Machine Terrarium Tank Potted Plant Pet Supplies for Amphibians Lizard...pranovo Reptile Fogger Humidifier Humidifying Fog Machine Terrarium Tank Potted Plant Pet Supplies for Amphibians Lizard...
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Reptiles and amphibians of South East Queensland: What reptiles and amphibians?Reptiles and amphibians of South East Queensland: What reptiles and amphibians?
Its been a quiet weekend yet again. I am starting to doubt my ability to find critters to photograph these days. Hopefully its just me and a bit of bad timing because I would hate to think that animal numbers are declining to the point where even the more commonly recorded species are difficult to locate even in relatively undisturbed areas. I spent a few hours in a heath section of a National Park well inland from the coast where in previous years I have photographed quite a few different reptiles and amphibians. The conditions were good, rainfall the night before and warm sunny skies with some cloud cover but it was strangely devoid of life except for the odd bird here and there. Does anyone remember when you couldnt walk along a bush track without disturbing numerous skinks and small dragons which would scuttle away making a racket in the leaf litter. Not sure exactly whats happening now but those days seem to be long gone. Is it just me? I dont know, I certainly hope it is ...
http://aussiereptilesandamphibians.blogspot.com/2014/09/what-reptiles-and-amphibians.html
Turtle habitat | Reptiles & Amphibians | Compare Prices at NextagTurtle habitat | Reptiles & Amphibians | Compare Prices at Nextag
Turtle habitat - 135 results from brands ZooMed, Penn Plax, Exo-Terra, products like ZooMed Turtle Clean 511 Filter - TC-32, Benzara Bnzr-76784-deco 79 76784 Poly-resin Large Turtle, Reptile Habitat Setup Aquarium Tank Kit Filter Screen Lid Bask Lamp Turtle Frog, Reptiles & Amphibians
http://www.nextag.com/shopping/products?search=turtle+habitat
Turtle tank | Reptiles & Amphibians | Compare Prices at NextagTurtle tank | Reptiles & Amphibians | Compare Prices at Nextag
Turtle tank - 48 results from brands ZooMed, Penn Plax, Tetra, products like ZooMed Turtle Clean 511 Filter - TC-32, Penn Plax REP600 Turtle Topper Above Tank Basking Platform, Penn Plax Basking Topper Turtle Platform Plax Decorative Tank Dock Reptology Pier Reptile, Reptiles & Amphibians
http://www.nextag.com/shopping/products?search=turtle+tank
The World of Reptiles, Amphibians, and ArthropodsThe World of Reptiles, Amphibians, and Arthropods
The World of Reptiles, Amphibians and Arthropods (land invertebrates) includes a diverse group of creatures. They come in all shapes and colors and can live in a variety of habitats. Learning all about them can be fun and interesting as well as informative.. The types of reptiles you will find here include snakes, lizards, turtles, and tortoises. Amphibians include toads, frogs, salamanders and newts. Arthropods, or land invertebrates, include arachnids such as spiders, scorpions, and tarantulas and myriapods such as centipedes and millipedes. All of these species guides include the animals background, behaviors, habitat and care. For identification purposes pictures are included of each as well… Read More. ...
http://animal-world.com/newsfeed/the-world-of-reptiles-amphibians-and-arthropods/
Reptiles and Amphibians - Science of the American Southwest (U.S. National Park Service)Reptiles and Amphibians - Science of the American Southwest (U.S. National Park Service)
Reptiles and amphibians (herps) represent an important part of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The American Southwest is well known for its abundance and diversity of reptiles. Although this region is less known for its amphibian populations, they too can be quite abundant in some habitats and are good indicators of environmental change due to their sensitivity to a variety of factors such as pollution, introduced species, drought, habitat destruction, and disease. Herp populations may be affected by these factors and exhibit measurable changes in site occupancy, distribution, abundance, and species richness ...
https://www.nps.gov/subjects/swscience/reptiles-amphibians.htm
California Sensitive Reptile and Amphibian Highway Crossings - The Western Transportation Institute
As the human population in California increases, new transportation facilities are constructed and existing facilities are modified to accommodate increased traffic volumes and improve safety. Existing two-lane roads are being upgraded to divided four-lane or larger roads. In the absence of quantitative information, the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), natural resource agencies such as the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW), assume impacts to amphibians and reptiles from such highway modifications. This can result in costly Caltrans project delays and the implementation of mitigation measures of partly understood or unknown efficacy. Although amphibian and reptile passages and barriers have been constructed under and over roads in many countries, there is a need to critically compile the results of what designs and materials are effective or ineffective so that informed recommendations for road mitigation can be ...
https://westerntransportationinstitute.org/research_projects/california-sensitive-reptile-and-amphibian-highway-crossings/
Reptile custody battle leaves tangled snake pit - Canada - CBC NewsReptile custody battle leaves tangled snake pit - Canada - CBC News
When reptile zoo curator Karel Fortyn died, he left more than 200 snakes and crocodiles in his Welland, Ont., house that also operates as a reptile zoo - and an unusual custody battle.
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/reptile-custody-battle-leaves-tangled-snake-pit-1.1093300
Amphibians & Reptiles Symbolism & Meaning | Spirit, Totem, & Power AnimalAmphibians & Reptiles Symbolism & Meaning | Spirit, Totem, & Power Animal
The most in-depth Amphibian & Reptile Symbolism & Meanings! Amphibian & Reptile as a Spirit, Totem, & Power Animal. Dream interpretation included, too!
https://whatismyspiritanimal.com/spirit-totem-power-animal-meanings/amphibians-reptiles/
Amphibians/Reptiles Creativity Headquarters | Shop Online at fabric.comAmphibians/Reptiles Creativity Headquarters | Shop Online at fabric.com
Shop fabric.coms selection of Amphibians/Reptiles products! Find the right Amphibians/Reptiles products for your next project and lets create something together.
https://www.fabric.com/creativity-headquarters-pajama-game.aspx?theme=amphibians-or-reptiles&CategoryID=fa66a32e-7bc3-4074-a571-93d20c87ed29
Indian Softshell Turtle, Indian ReptileIndian Softshell Turtle, Indian Reptile
Indian Softshell Turtle, Indian Reptile - Informative & researched article on Indian Softshell Turtle, Indian Reptile from Indianetzone, the largest free encyclopedia on India.
https://www.indianetzone.com/76/indian_softshell_turtle.htm
PLOS ONE: Life History of Rhamphorhynchus Inferred from Bone Histology and the Diversity of Pterosaurian Growth StrategiesPLOS ONE: Life History of Rhamphorhynchus Inferred from Bone Histology and the Diversity of Pterosaurian Growth Strategies
Background Rhamphorhynchus from the Solnhofen Limestones is the most prevalent long tailed pterosaur with a debated life history. Whereas morphological studies suggested a slow crocodile-like growth strategy and superprecocial volant hatchlings, the only histological study hitherto conducted on Rhamphorhynchus concluded a relatively high growth rate for the genus. These controversial conclusions can be tested by a bone histological survey of an ontogenetic series of Rhamphorhynchus. Methodology/Principal Findings Our results suggest that Bennetts second size category does not reflect real ontogenetic stage. Significant body size differences of histologically as well as morphologically adult specimens suggest developmental plasticity. Contrasting the superprecocial hatchling hypothesis, the dominance of fibrolamellar bone in early juveniles implies that hatchlings sustained high growth rate, however only up to the attainment of 30-50% and 7-20% of adult wingspan and body mass, respectively. The
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/comments?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0031392&imageURI=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0031392.g007
Life History of Rhamphorhynchus Inferred from Bone Histology and the Diversity of Pterosaurian Growth StrategiesLife History of Rhamphorhynchus Inferred from Bone Histology and the Diversity of Pterosaurian Growth Strategies
Background Rhamphorhynchus from the Solnhofen Limestones is the most prevalent long tailed pterosaur with a debated life history. Whereas morphological studies suggested a slow crocodile-like growth strategy and superprecocial volant hatchlings, the only histological study hitherto conducted on Rhamphorhynchus concluded a relatively high growth rate for the genus. These controversial conclusions can be tested by a bone histological survey of an ontogenetic series of Rhamphorhynchus. Methodology/Principal Findings Our results suggest that Bennetts second size category does not reflect real ontogenetic stage. Significant body size differences of histologically as well as morphologically adult specimens suggest developmental plasticity. Contrasting the superprecocial hatchling hypothesis, the dominance of fibrolamellar bone in early juveniles implies that hatchlings sustained high growth rate, however only up to the attainment of 30-50% and 7-20% of adult wingspan and body mass, respectively. The
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0031392
F10 Ready to Use Disinfectant 1 Litre Refill - Cage Disinfectants - Reptile Cleaning - Blue Lizard Reptiles - Reptile ShopF10 Ready to Use Disinfectant 1 Litre Refill - Cage Disinfectants - Reptile Cleaning - Blue Lizard Reptiles - Reptile Shop
F10 Ready to Use Disinfectant 1 Litre Refill - F10 is a veterinary disinfectant which achieves a broad spectrum kill of a wide range of potentially harmful micro-organisms.
https://www.bluelizardreptiles.co.uk/reptilecleaning/cagedisinfectants/9632100000614
China Bulk Dried Mealworms Fish Reptile Wild Bird Food - China Dried Mealworms, Live Mealworms Animal FeedChina Bulk Dried Mealworms Fish Reptile Wild Bird Food - China Dried Mealworms, Live Mealworms Animal Feed
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Reptiles | Iguanas | Python Snakes | Dyersburg, TN
Learn how you can get great supplies for your reptile or snake at The Pet Shop. Read about the proper way to maintain a habitat for your snake or reptile.
http://thepetstoptn.com/reptiles/3233305
Ranarium Carotenoid Plus (Supplement) For amphibians & Reptiles : Tincman HerpsRanarium Carotenoid Plus (Supplement) For amphibians & Reptiles : Tincman Herps
Tincman is Proud to be carrying Ranariums new Broad Spectrum Carotenoid Superfood Supplement! It contains algae such as Dunaliella salina, flowers like dandelion and hibiscus & other super foods like Moringa oleifera so your collection is able to reap the benefits of a variety of Healthy ingredients rarely found in one supplement! This supplement will not only enhance color in your Reptiles and Frogs, but will improve breeding outcomes in frogs as well & help reptiles metabolize essential coenzymes.. ...
https://tincman.com/product/ranarium-carotenoid-plus-advanced-carotenoid-supplement-for-amphibians-reptiles/
Birds Exotics and Reptiles Boarding - Camino Verde Pet ResortCamino Verde Pet Resort Dog & Cat Boarding and Grooming Tucson...Birds Exotics and Reptiles Boarding - Camino Verde Pet ResortCamino Verde Pet Resort Dog & Cat Boarding and Grooming Tucson...
Birds Exotics and Reptiles Boarding Camino Verde Pet Resort still has you covered! Call:(520-883-8464) - Birds, Exotics, and Reptiles
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Breeding a Burmese Python | The Reptile ReportBreeding a Burmese Python | The Reptile Report
The Reptile Report is your one stop for the most interesting news, stories, and photos of reptiles, amphibians, and invertebrates.
http://thereptilereport.com/breeding-a-burmese-python/

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