Reproducibility of results. Medical search

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

The failure by the observer to measure or identify a phenomenon accurately, which results in an error. Sources for this may be due to the observer's missing an abnormality, or to faulty technique resulting in incorrect test measurement, or to misinterpretation of the data. Two varieties are inter-observer variation (the amount observers vary from one another when reporting on the same material) and intra-observer variation (the amount one observer varies between observations when reporting more than once on the same material).

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

A technique of inputting two-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer.

A basis of value established for the measure of quantity, weight, extent or quality, e.g. weight standards, standard solutions, methods, techniques, and procedures used in diagnosis and therapy.

The process of generating three-dimensional images by electronic, photographic, or other methods. For example, three-dimensional images can be generated by assembling multiple tomographic images with the aid of a computer, while photographic 3-D images (HOLOGRAPHY) can be made by exposing film to the interference pattern created when two laser light sources shine on an object.

A system for verifying and maintaining a desired level of quality in a product or process by careful planning, use of proper equipment, continued inspection, and corrective action as required. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

Facilities equipped to carry out investigative procedures.

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

Methods developed to aid in the interpretation of ultrasound, radiographic images, etc., for diagnosis of disease.

Methods and procedures for the diagnosis of diseases of the eye or of vision disorders.

Studies determining the effectiveness or value of processes, personnel, and equipment, or the material on conducting such studies. For drugs and devices, CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; DRUG EVALUATION; and DRUG EVALUATION, PRECLINICAL are available.

Determination, by measurement or comparison with a standard, of the correct value of each scale reading on a meter or other measuring instrument; or determination of the settings of a control device that correspond to particular values of voltage, current, frequency or other output.

Controlled operation of an apparatus, process, or system by mechanical or electronic devices that take the place of human organs of observation, effort, and decision. (From Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 1993)

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.

An imaging method using LASERS that is used for mapping subsurface structure. When a reflective site in the sample is at the same optical path length (coherence) as the reference mirror, the detector observes interference fringes.

Improvement of the quality of a picture by various techniques, including computer processing, digital filtering, echocardiographic techniques, light and ultrastructural MICROSCOPY, fluorescence spectrometry and microscopy, scintigraphy, and in vitro image processing at the molecular level.

Method of making images on a sensitized surface by exposure to light or other radiant energy.

Commercially prepared reagent sets, with accessory devices, containing all of the major components and literature necessary to perform one or more designated diagnostic tests or procedures. They may be for laboratory or personal use.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Products resulting from the conversion of one language to another.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

Methods of creating machines and devices.

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Computer systems or networks designed to provide radiographic interpretive information.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

Timing the acquisition of imaging data to specific points in the breathing cycle to minimize image blurring and other motion artifacts. The images are used diagnostically and also interventionally to coordinate radiation treatment beam on/off cycles to protect healthy tissues when they move into the beam field during different times in the breathing cycle.

Studies to determine the advantages or disadvantages, practicability, or capability of accomplishing a projected plan, study, or project.

Devices or objects in various imaging techniques used to visualize or enhance visualization by simulating conditions encountered in the procedure. Phantoms are used very often in procedures employing or measuring x-irradiation or radioactive material to evaluate performance. Phantoms often have properties similar to human tissue. Water demonstrates absorbing properties similar to normal tissue, hence water-filled phantoms are used to map radiation levels. Phantoms are used also as teaching aids to simulate real conditions with x-ray or ultrasonic machines. (From Iturralde, Dictionary and Handbook of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Imaging, 1990)

Reference points located by visual inspection, palpation, or computer assistance, that are useful in localizing structures on or within the human body.

Sequential operating programs and data which instruct the functioning of a digital computer.

Records of nutrient intake over a specific period of time, usually kept by the patient.

Hybridization of a nucleic acid sample to a very large set of OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES, which have been attached individually in columns and rows to a solid support, to determine a BASE SEQUENCE, or to detect variations in a gene sequence, GENE EXPRESSION, or for GENE MAPPING.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

Procedures for collecting, preserving, and transporting of specimens sufficiently stable to provide accurate and precise results suitable for clinical interpretation.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

A highly-sensitive (in the picomolar range, which is 10,000-fold more sensitive than conventional electrophoresis) and efficient technique that allows separation of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and CARBOHYDRATES. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)

Controlled operations of analytic or diagnostic processes, or systems by mechanical or electronic devices.

Systematic collections of factual data pertaining to the diet of a human population within a given geographic area.

A series of steps taken in order to conduct research.

Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.

Substances used to allow enhanced visualization of tissues.

Slender processes of NEURONS, including the AXONS and their glial envelopes (MYELIN SHEATH). Nerve fibers conduct nerve impulses to and from the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

A subspecialty of pathology applied to the solution of clinical problems, especially the use of laboratory methods in clinical diagnosis. (Dorland, 28th ed.)

A verbal or nonverbal means of communicating ideas or feelings.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

Techniques used to carry out clinical investigative procedures in the diagnosis and therapy of disease.

An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function. The consequences of the increased pressure may be manifested in a variety of symptoms, depending upon type and severity, such as excavation of the optic disk, hardness of the eyeball, corneal anesthesia, reduced visual acuity, seeing of colored halos around lights, disturbed dark adaptation, visual field defects, and headaches. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

The portion of the optic nerve seen in the fundus with the ophthalmoscope. It is formed by the meeting of all the retinal ganglion cell axons as they enter the optic nerve.

Concentration or quantity that is derived from the smallest measure that can be detected with reasonable certainty for a given analytical procedure.

Making measurements by the use of stereoscopic photographs.

Chromatographic techniques in which the mobile phase is a liquid.

Method of analyzing chemicals using automation.

Imaging methods that result in sharp images of objects located on a chosen plane and blurred images located above or below the plane.

Compounds that are used in medicine as sources of radiation for radiotherapy and for diagnostic purposes. They have numerous uses in research and industry. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1161)

A separation technique which combines LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY and CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS.

Measurement of the thickness of the CORNEA.

An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers.

The measurement of the dimensions of the HEAD.

A synovial hinge connection formed between the bones of the FEMUR; TIBIA; and PATELLA.

Assessments aimed at determining agreement in diagnostic test results among laboratories. Identical survey samples are distributed to participating laboratories, with results stratified according to testing methodologies.

An imaging technique using compounds labelled with short-lived positron-emitting radionuclides (such as carbon-11, nitrogen-13, oxygen-15 and fluorine-18) to measure cell metabolism. It has been useful in study of soft tissues such as CANCER; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; and brain. SINGLE-PHOTON EMISSION-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY is closely related to positron emission tomography, but uses isotopes with longer half-lives and resolution is lower.

Application of statistical procedures to analyze specific observed or assumed facts from a particular study.

Statistical models in which the value of a parameter for a given value of a factor is assumed to be equal to a + bx, where a and b are constants. The models predict a linear regression.

The science and art of collecting, summarizing, and analyzing data that are subject to random variation. The term is also applied to the data themselves and to the summarization of the data.

An examination of chemicals in the blood.

A specialty concerned with the nature and cause of disease as expressed by changes in cellular or tissue structure and function caused by the disease process.

Methodologies used for the isolation, identification, detection, and quantitation of chemical substances.

The upper part of the human body, or the front or upper part of the body of an animal, typically separated from the rest of the body by a neck, and containing the brain, mouth, and sense organs.

The systematic study of the complete complement of proteins (PROTEOME) of organisms.

The evaluation of incidents involving the loss of function of a device. These evaluations are used for a variety of purposes such as to determine the failure rates, the causes of failures, costs of failures, and the reliability and maintainability of devices.

Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with frequency-shifted ultrasound reflections produced by moving targets (usually red blood cells) in the bloodstream along the ultrasound axis in direct proportion to the velocity of movement of the targets, to determine both direction and velocity of blood flow. (Stedman, 25th ed)

A rapid, low-dose, digital imaging system using a small intraoral sensor instead of radiographic film, an intensifying screen, and a charge-coupled device. It presents the possibility of reduced patient exposure and minimal distortion, although resolution and latitude are inferior to standard dental radiography. A receiver is placed in the mouth, routing signals to a computer which images the signals on a screen or in print. It includes digitizing from x-ray film or any other detector. (From MEDLINE abstracts; personal communication from Dr. Charles Berthold, NIDR)

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

Any of a variety of procedures which use biomolecular probes to measure the presence or concentration of biological molecules, biological structures, microorganisms, etc., by translating a biochemical interaction at the probe surface into a quantifiable physical signal.

Measurement of ocular tension (INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE) with a tonometer. (Cline, et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)

Electric conductors through which electric currents enter or leave a medium, whether it be an electrolytic solution, solid, molten mass, gas, or vacuum.

An oval area in the retina, 3 to 5 mm in diameter, usually located temporal to the posterior pole of the eye and slightly below the level of the optic disk. It is characterized by the presence of a yellow pigment diffusely permeating the inner layers, contains the fovea centralis in its center, and provides the best phototropic visual acuity. It is devoid of retinal blood vessels, except in its periphery, and receives nourishment from the choriocapillaris of the choroid. (From Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)

Any visible result of a procedure which is caused by the procedure itself and not by the entity being analyzed. Common examples include histological structures introduced by tissue processing, radiographic images of structures that are not naturally present in living tissue, and products of chemical reactions that occur during analysis.

The development and use of techniques and equipment to study or perform chemical reactions, with small quantities of materials, frequently less than a milligram or a milliliter.

Radiographic techniques used in dentistry.

Measurements of joint flexibility (RANGE OF MOTION, ARTICULAR), usually by employing an angle-measuring device (arthrometer). Arthrometry is used to measure ligamentous laxity and stability. It is often used to evaluate the outcome of ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT replacement surgery.

The visualization of deep structures of the body by recording the reflections or echoes of ultrasonic pulses directed into the tissues. Use of ultrasound for imaging or diagnostic purposes employs frequencies ranging from 1.6 to 10 megahertz.

Computer-assisted processing of electric, ultrasonic, or electronic signals to interpret function and activity.

Analysis based on the mathematical function first formulated by Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Fourier in 1807. The function, known as the Fourier transform, describes the sinusoidal pattern of any fluctuating pattern in the physical world in terms of its amplitude and its phase. It has broad applications in biomedicine, e.g., analysis of the x-ray crystallography data pivotal in identifying the double helical nature of DNA and in analysis of other molecules, including viruses, and the modified back-projection algorithm universally used in computerized tomography imaging, etc. (From Segen, The Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)

The position or attitude of the body.

Procedures for identifying types and strains of bacteria. The most frequently employed typing systems are BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING and SEROTYPING as well as bacteriocin typing and biotyping.

The visualization of tissues during pregnancy through recording of the echoes of ultrasonic waves directed into the body. The procedure may be applied with reference to the mother or the fetus and with reference to organs or the detection of maternal or fetal disease.

A type of imaging technique used primarily in the field of cardiology. By coordinating the fast gradient-echo MRI sequence with retrospective ECG-gating, numerous short time frames evenly spaced in the cardiac cycle are produced. These images are laced together in a cinematic display so that wall motion of the ventricles, valve motion, and blood flow patterns in the heart and great vessels can be visualized.

Computed tomography modalities which use a cone or pyramid-shaped beam of radiation.

Use of various chemical separation and extraction methods, such as SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION; CHROMATOGRAPHY; and SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION; to prepare samples for analytical measurement of components.

Methods for assessing flow through a system by injection of a known quantity of an indicator, such as a dye, radionuclide, or chilled liquid, into the system and monitoring its concentration over time at a specific point in the system. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

1976 accidental release of DIOXINS from a manufacturing facility in Seveso, ITALY following an equipment failure.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

Unstable isotopes of oxygen that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. O atoms with atomic weights 13, 14, 15, 19, and 20 are radioactive oxygen isotopes.

Measuring and weighing systems and processes.

An involuntary or voluntary pause in breathing, sometimes accompanied by loss of consciousness.

Descriptive anatomy based on three-dimensional imaging (IMAGING, THREE-DIMENSIONAL) of the body, organs, and structures using a series of computer multiplane sections, displayed by transverse, coronal, and sagittal analyses. It is essential to accurate interpretation by the radiologist of such techniques as ultrasonic diagnosis, MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING, and computed tomography (TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED). (From Lane & Sharfaei, Modern Sectional Anatomy, 1992, Preface)

A mass spectrometry technique using two (MS/MS) or more mass analyzers. With two in tandem, the precursor ions are mass-selected by a first mass analyzer, and focused into a collision region where they are then fragmented into product ions which are then characterized by a second mass analyzer. A variety of techniques are used to separate the compounds, ionize them, and introduce them to the first mass analyzer. For example, for in GC-MS/MS, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY is involved in separating relatively small compounds by GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY prior to injecting them into an ionization chamber for the mass selection.

A technique using antibodies for identifying or quantifying a substance. Usually the substance being studied serves as antigen both in antibody production and in measurement of antibody by the test substance.

A class of statistical methods applicable to a large set of probability distributions used to test for correlation, location, independence, etc. In most nonparametric statistical tests, the original scores or observations are replaced by another variable containing less information. An important class of nonparametric tests employs the ordinal properties of the data. Another class of tests uses information about whether an observation is above or below some fixed value such as the median, and a third class is based on the frequency of the occurrence of runs in the data. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1284; Corsini, Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1987, p764-5)

The concave interior of the eye, consisting of the retina, the choroid, the sclera, the optic disk, and blood vessels, seen by means of the ophthalmoscope. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)

Improvement in the quality of an x-ray image by use of an intensifying screen, tube, or filter and by optimum exposure techniques. Digital processing methods are often employed.

Techniques used in studying bacteria.

Recording of change in the size of a part as modified by the circulation in it.

A method of three-dimensional morphometry in which contour maps are produced from the overlapping interference fringes created when an object is illuminated by beams of coherent light issuing from two different point sources.

Radionuclide ventriculography where scintigraphic data is acquired during repeated cardiac cycles at specific times in the cycle, using an electrocardiographic synchronizer or gating device. Analysis of right ventricular function is difficult with this technique; that is best evaluated by first-pass ventriculography (VENTRICULOGRAPHY, FIRST-PASS).

Measurement of distances or movements by means of the phenomena caused by the interference of two rays of light (optical interferometry) or of sound (acoustic interferometry).

The creation and display of functional images showing where the blood flow reaches by following the distribution of tracers injected into the blood stream.

Persons with no known significant health problems who are recruited to participate in research to test a new drug, device, or intervention as controls for a patient group. (from http://clinicalcenter.nih.gov/recruit/volunteers.html, accessed 2/14/2013)

Application of computer programs designed to assist the physician in solving a diagnostic problem.

Incorrect diagnoses after clinical examination or technical diagnostic procedures.

Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used.

A method of measuring the effects of a biologically active substance using an intermediate in vivo or in vitro tissue or cell model under controlled conditions. It includes virulence studies in animal fetuses in utero, mouse convulsion bioassay of insulin, quantitation of tumor-initiator systems in mouse skin, calculation of potentiating effects of a hormonal factor in an isolated strip of contracting stomach muscle, etc.

Any technique by which an unknown color is evaluated in terms of standard colors. The technique may be visual, photoelectric, or indirect by means of spectrophotometry. It is used in chemistry and physics. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A method of computed tomography that uses radionuclides which emit a single photon of a given energy. The camera is rotated 180 or 360 degrees around the patient to capture images at multiple positions along the arc. The computer is then used to reconstruct the transaxial, sagittal, and coronal images from the 3-dimensional distribution of radionuclides in the organ. The advantages of SPECT are that it can be used to observe biochemical and physiological processes as well as size and volume of the organ. The disadvantage is that, unlike positron-emission tomography where the positron-electron annihilation results in the emission of 2 photons at 180 degrees from each other, SPECT requires physical collimation to line up the photons, which results in the loss of many available photons and hence degrades the image.

A technetium diagnostic aid used in renal function determination.

Determination of the quantity of a material present in a mixture by measurement of its effect on the electrical conductivity of the mixture. (Webster, 3d ed)

Positive test results in subjects who do not possess the attribute for which the test is conducted. The labeling of healthy persons as diseased when screening in the detection of disease. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

A nontoxic radiopharmaceutical that is used in the clinical evaluation of hepatobiliary disorders in humans.

Small computers using LSI (large-scale integration) microprocessor chips as the CPU (central processing unit) and semiconductor memories for compact, inexpensive storage of program instructions and data. They are smaller and less expensive than minicomputers and are usually built into a dedicated system where they are optimized for a particular application. "Microprocessor" may refer to just the CPU or the entire microcomputer.

Any tests done on exhaled air.

Tomography using radioactive emissions from injected RADIONUCLIDES and computer ALGORITHMS to reconstruct an image.

Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499)

Statistical formulations or analyses which, when applied to data and found to fit the data, are then used to verify the assumptions and parameters used in the analysis. Examples of statistical models are the linear model, binomial model, polynomial model, two-parameter model, etc.

A surgical specialty concerned with the structure and function of the eye and the medical and surgical treatment of its defects and diseases.

The act of testing the software for compliance with a standard.

Systematic and thorough inspection of the patient for physical signs of disease or abnormality.

The space in the eye, filled with aqueous humor, bounded anteriorly by the cornea and a small portion of the sclera and posteriorly by a small portion of the ciliary body, the iris, and that part of the crystalline lens which presents through the pupil. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed, p109)

Data processing largely performed by automatic means.

A facial expression which may denote feelings of pleasure, affection, amusement, etc.

A technique for identifying individuals of a species that is based on the uniqueness of their DNA sequence. Uniqueness is determined by identifying which combination of allelic variations occur in the individual at a statistically relevant number of different loci. In forensic studies, RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM of multiple, highly polymorphic VNTR LOCI or MICROSATELLITE REPEAT loci are analyzed. The number of loci used for the profile depends on the ALLELE FREQUENCY in the population.

A microanalytical technique combining mass spectrometry and gas chromatography for the qualitative as well as quantitative determinations of compounds.

An optical source that emits photons in a coherent beam. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER) is brought about using devices that transform light of varying frequencies into a single intense, nearly nondivergent beam of monochromatic radiation. Lasers operate in the infrared, visible, ultraviolet, or X-ray regions of the spectrum.

Laboratory techniques that involve the in-vitro synthesis of many copies of DNA or RNA from one original template.

Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019)

Use of optic and geometric techniques to enhance radiographic image quality and interpretation. It includes use of microfocal X-ray tubes and intensifying fluoroscopic screens.

A set of statistical methods used to group variables or observations into strongly inter-related subgroups. In epidemiology, it may be used to analyze a closely grouped series of events or cases of disease or other health-related phenomenon with well-defined distribution patterns in relation to time or place or both.

Techniques for measuring blood pressure.

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY techniques used in the diagnosis of disease.

A method in which either the observer(s) or the subject(s) is kept ignorant of the group to which the subjects are assigned.

Screens which absorb the energy in the x-ray beam that has penetrated the patient and convert this energy into a light pattern which has as nearly as possible the same information as the original x-ray beam. The more light a screen produces for a given input of x-radiation, the less x-ray exposure and thus shorter exposure time are needed to expose the film. In most film-screen systems, the film is sandwiched between two screens in a cassette so that the emulsion on each side is exposed to the light from its contiguous screen.

Rhythmic, intermittent propagation of a fluid through a BLOOD VESSEL or piping system, in contrast to constant, smooth propagation, which produces laminar flow.

Examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye with a specialized optical instrument (gonioscope) or a contact prism lens.

The pressure of the fluids in the eye.

Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.

Measurement of the various properties of light.

Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.

Any visual display of structural or functional patterns of organs or tissues for diagnostic evaluation. It includes measuring physiologic and metabolic responses to physical and chemical stimuli, as well as ultramicroscopy.

The infiltrating of tissue specimens with paraffin, as a supporting substance, to prepare for sectioning with a microtome.

Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).

Ligand-binding assays that measure protein-protein, protein-small molecule, or protein-nucleic acid interactions using a very large set of capturing molecules, i.e., those attached separately on a solid support, to measure the presence or interaction of target molecules in the sample.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

The technique of using FIXATIVES in the preparation of cytologic, histologic, or pathologic specimens for the purpose of maintaining the existing form and structure of all the constituent elements.

The protein complement of an organism coded for by its genome.

Enzymes which are immobilized on or in a variety of water-soluble or water-insoluble matrices with little or no loss of their catalytic activity. Since they can be reused continuously, immobilized enzymes have found wide application in the industrial, medical and research fields.

Removal and pathologic examination of specimens in the form of small pieces of tissue from the living body.

Timing the acquisition of imaging data to specific points in the cardiac cycle to minimize image blurring and other motion artifacts.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

Hand-held tools or implements especially used by dental professionals for the performance of clinical tasks.

Photographic techniques used in ORTHODONTICS; DENTAL ESTHETICS; and patient education.

The largest and strongest bone of the FACE constituting the lower jaw. It supports the lower teeth.

The branch of medicine dealing with the fetus and infant during the perinatal period. The perinatal period begins with the twenty-eighth week of gestation and ends twenty-eight days after birth. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

A parasympatholytic anticholinergic used solely to obtain mydriasis or cycloplegia.

Unstable isotopes of fluorine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. F atoms with atomic weights 17, 18, and 20-22 are radioactive fluorine isotopes.

Diagnostic tests conducted in order to measure the increment of active DENTAL CARIES over a period of time.

Highly sensitive quantitation of methamphetamine by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay using a new europium chelate as a label. (1/49462)

A simple and highly sensitive time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay of methamphetamine (MA) using a new fluorescent europium chelate (BHHCT-Eu3+) as a label is described. Two variations of competitive immunoassay were attempted. In the first (one-step) assay, microtiter plates coated with anti-MA were used, and the new label was bound to a conjugate of bovine serum albumin and N-(4-aminobutyl)-MA (MA-BSA). In the second (two-step) assay, instead of the labeled MA-BSA, biotinylated MA-BSA and BHHCT-Eu3+-labeled streptavidin-BSA were used. The lowest measurable concentrations of MA for the one-step and the two-step methods were 1 ng/mL (25 pg/assay) and 1 pg/mL (25 fg/assay), respectively. These were 10 to 1000 times superior to the detection limits of MA in any other immunoassay. Intra-assay coefficient of variation was approximately 2-8% at eight different concentrations (n = 4). Analysis of 34 urine samples with the new method and conventional gas chromatography showed a good correlation (r = 0.954). The high detectability of the present assay also enabled segmental hair analysis with a few centimeters of a hair. (+info)

Urinary lithium: distribution shape, reference values, and evaluation of exposure by inductively coupled plasma argon-emission spectrometry. (2/49462)

Inductively coupled plasma argon-emission spectrometry (ICPAES) was used to evaluate the lithium content of undiluted urine samples. The method can be performed with 1 mL of urine in a single tube using a routine ICPAES analysis for rapid and convenient assessment of lithium exposure in humans. Urine samples obtained from male workers (n = 86) who had not been exposed to lithium were used for the determination of this element by ICPAES. The obtained concentrations were corrected using a specific gravity of 1.024. The particular frequency distribution resulted in a log-normal distribution diagram for anatomical spread. Geometric mean value for urinary lithium in the nonexposed male workers was 23.5 microg/L, and the confidence interval from a log-normal distribution was 11.0 to 50.5 microg/L. Taking into consideration a short biological half-life and the massive urine excretion of lithium, urinary lithium was considered to be a useful index for monitoring of exposure. Calibration curves obtained for lithium standards had good sensitivity and linearity. Good reproducibility was assessed by lithium addition to urine samples. It was concluded that the obtained lithium reference values would be useful for the early diagnosis of lithium intoxication or in the assessment of the degree of exposure to lithium in subjects at risk. (+info)

Transient and permanent deficits in motion perception after lesions of cortical areas MT and MST in the macaque monkey. (3/49462)

We examined the nature and the selectivity of the motion deficits produced by lesions of extrastriate areas MT and MST. Lesions were made by injecting ibotenic acid into the representation of the left visual field in two macaque monkeys. The monkeys discriminated two stimuli that differed either in stimulus direction or orientation. Direction and orientation discrimination were assessed by measuring thresholds with gratings and random-dots placed in the intact or lesioned visual fields. At the start of behavioral testing, we found pronounced, motion-specific deficits in thresholds for all types of moving stimuli, including pronounced elevations in contrast thresholds and in signal-to-noise thresholds measured with moving gratings, as well as deficits in direction range thresholds and motion coherence measured with random-dot stimuli. In addition, the accuracy of direction discrimination was reduced at smaller spatial displacements (i.e. step sizes), suggesting an increase in spatial scale of the residual directional mechanism. Subsequent improvements in thresholds were seen with all motion stimuli, as behavioral training progressed, and these improvements occurred only with extensive behavioral testing in the lesioned visual field. These improvements were particularly pronounced for stimuli not masked by noise. On the other hand, deficits in the ability to extract motion from noisy stimuli and in the accuracy of direction discrimination persisted despite extensive behavioral training. These results demonstrate the importance of areas MT and MST for the perception of motion direction, particularly in the presence of noise. In addition, they provide evidence for the importance of behavioral training for functional recovery after cortical lesions. The data also strongly support the idea of functional specialization of areas MT and MST for motion processing. (+info)

Comparative efficacy of positron emission tomography with FDG and computed tomographic scanning in preoperative staging of non-small cell lung cancer. (4/49462)

OBJECTIVE: To determine the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of positron emission tomography with 2-fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (PET-FDG) in the preoperative staging (N and M staging) of patients with lung cancer. The authors wanted to compare the efficacy of PET scanning with currently used computed tomography (CT) scanning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Results of whole-body PET-FDG imaging and CT scans were compared with histologic findings for the presence or absence of lymph node disease or metastatic sites. Sampling of mediastinal lymph nodes was performed using mediastinoscopy or thoracotomy. RESULTS: PET-FDG imaging was significantly more sensitive, specific, and accurate for detecting N disease than CT. PET changed N staging in 35% and M staging in 11% of patients. CT scans helped in accurate anatomic localization of 6/57 PET lymph node abnormalities. CONCLUSION: PET-FDG is a reliable method for preoperative staging of patients with lung cancer and would help to optimize management of these patients. Accurate lymph node staging of lung cancer may be ideally performed by simultaneous review of PET and CT scans. (+info)

Permanent work incapacity, mortality and survival without work incapacity among occupations and social classes: a cohort study of ageing men in Geneva. (5/49462)

BACKGROUND: The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate the burden of disability and death in men, from middle age to age of retirement, among occupational groups and classes in Geneva. METHODS: Men were included if they resided in the Canton of Geneva, were 45 years of age in 1970-1972, and were not receiving a disability pension at the start of the follow-up. The cohort of 5137 men was followed up for 20 years and linked to national registers of disability pension allowance and of causes of death. RESULTS: There was a steep upward trend in incidence of permanent work incapacity with lower social class for all causes as well as for the seven causes of disability studied. Compared with professional occupations (social class I), the relative risk (RR) of permanent work incapacity was 11.4 for partly skilled and unskilled occupations (class IV+V) (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.2-28.0). The social class gradient in mortality was in the same direction as that in work incapacity although much less steep (RR class IV+V to class I = 1.6, 95% CI : 1.1-2.2). Survival without work incapacity at the time of the 65th birthday ranged from only 57% in construction workers and labourers to 89% in science and related professionals. Unemployment in Geneva was below 1.5% during almost all the study period. CONCLUSIONS: Medically-ascertained permanent work incapacity and survival without work incapacity have shown considerably greater socioeconomic differentials than the mortality differentials. (+info)

A method for calculating age-weighted death proportions for comparison purposes. (6/49462)

OBJECTIVE: To introduce a method for calculating age-weighted death proportions (wDP) for comparison purposes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A methodological study using secondary data from the municipality of Sao Paulo, Brazil (1980-1994) was carried out. First, deaths are weighted in terms of years of potential life lost before the age of 100 years. Then, in order to eliminate distortion of comparisons among proportions of years of potential life lost before the age of 100 years (pYPLL-100), the denominator is set to that of a standard age distribution of deaths for all causes. Conventional death proportions (DP), pYPLL-100, and wDP were calculated. RESULTS: Populations in which deaths from a particular cause occur at older ages exhibit lower wDP than those in which deaths occur at younger ages. The sum of all cause-specific wDP equals one only when the test population has exactly the same age distribution of deaths for all causes as that of the standard population. CONCLUSION: Age-weighted death proportions improve the information given by conventional DP, and are strongly recommended for comparison purposes. (+info)

Comparison of active and cancer registry-based follow-up for breast cancer in a prospective cohort study. (7/49462)

The authors compared the relative effectiveness of two distinct follow-up designs in prospective cohort studies--the active approach, based on direct contact with study subjects, and the passive approach, based on record linkages with population-based cancer registries--utilizing available information from the New York University Women's Health Study (WHS) and the New York State Cancer Registry (NYSCR). The analyses were limited to breast cancer cases identified during the period 1985-1992, for which follow-up was considered reasonably complete by both the WHS and the NYSCR. Among 12,947 cohort members who reported a New York State address, 303 pathologically confirmed cases were identified through active follow-up and 284 through record linkage. Sixty-three percent of cancers were identified by both sources, 21% by the WHS only, and 16% by the NYSCR only. The agreement was appreciably better for invasive cancers. The percentage of cases identified only by the NYSCR was increased among subjects whose active follow-up was incomplete, as well as among nonwhites, obese patients, and parous patients. This suggests that relying on either type of follow-up alone may introduce certain biases in evaluating risk factors for breast cancer. Combining both approaches appears to be a better strategy in prospective cohort studies. (+info)

Reliability of information on physical activity and other chronic disease risk factors among US women aged 40 years or older. (8/49462)

Data on chronic disease risk behaviors and related variables, including barriers to and attitudes toward physical activity, are lacking for women of some racial/ethnic groups. A test-retest study was conducted from July 1996 through June 1997 among US women (n = 199) aged 40 years or more who were white, black, American Indian/Alaska Native, or Hispanic. The sample was selected and interviews were conducted using a modified version of the methods of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. For behavioral risk factors such as physical inactivity, smoking, and low fruit and vegetable consumption, group prevalences were generally similar between interviews 1 and 2. However, kappa values for selected physical activity variables ranged from 0.26 to 0.51 and tended to be lower for black women. Discordance was low for variables on cigarette smoking and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (kappa = 0.64-0.92). Discordance was high (kappa = 0.33) for low consumption of fruits and vegetables. Additional variables for barriers to and access to exercise ranged widely across racial/ethnic groups and in terms of measures of agreement. These methods illustrate an efficient way to sample and assess the reliability of data collected from women of racial/ethnic minority groups. (+info)

"How replicable are statistically significant results in social psychology? A replication and extension of Motyl et al. (in ... Open Science Collaboration (28 August 2015). "Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science". Science. 349 (6251): ... JPSP is one of the journals analyzed in the Open Science Collaboration's Reproducibility Project after JPSP's publication of ... maintain the impression that research that is published in JPSP has been thoroughly vetted and is less likely to be the result ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_Personality_and_Social_Psychology

Part 1: reproducibility of results for the international intercomparison". Limnology and Oceanography: Methods. 10 (4): 234-251 ... Part of the Geotraces program is to ensure results for trace elements and isotopes collected on different cruises by different ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tina_van_de_Flierdt

Reproducibility of experimental results is central to the scientific method. A standard system of units facilitates this. ... As a result, units of measure could vary not only from location to location but from person to person. Metric systems of units ... When two different units are multiplied or divided, the result is a new unit, referred to by the combination of the units. For ... This accident was the result of both confusion due to the simultaneous use of metric and Imperial measures and confusion of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_of_measurement

WBA strives to ensure objectivity, falsifiability and reproducibility of results. The result of a WBA is a why-because graph ( ... This process can be iterated for the newfound causes, and so on, until a satisfactory result has been achieved. At each node ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Why–because_analysis

Method and Data Sharing and Reproducibility of Scientific Results". Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling. 60 (12): 5868 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_Chemical_Information_and_Modeling

The data and analysis provenance is maintained for reproducibility of results. BisQue can be easily deployed in cloud computing ... These results are stored back into the system in the form of tags, graphical objects and/or images. Images or metadata are ... In the latter case, BisQue can automatically parallelize analysis over large image datasets and then collect the results in a ... In BisQue, sharing images, metadata and analysis results can be performed through the web. The system contains an export ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BisQue_(Bioimage_Analysis_and_Management_Platform)

Piette, Elizabeth R.; Moore, Jason H. (19 April 2017). Improving the Reproducibility of Genetic Association Results Using ... Permutation testing makes it possible to generate an empirical p-value for the result. Replication in independent data may also ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multifactor_dimensionality_reduction

These ROS may result in the production of many base adducts, as well as DNA strand breaks and crosslinks. Deaminating agents, ... 1985). "Reproducibility of microbial mutagenicity assays: II. Testing of carcinogens and noncarcinogens in Salmonella ... Similar results are also obtained in studies with radiations, indicating that there may be no safe threshold for mutagens. ... Although some of these mutations are lethal or cause serious disease, many have minor effects as they do not result in residue ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutagen

Play media Research incorporating sex as a biological variable increases the rigor and reproducibility of results. After ... In 2001, they presented a report that sex is an important variable in designing studies and assessing results. The quality and ... To improve the rigor and reproducibility of research findings, the European Commission, Canadian Institutes of Health Research ... Research including SABV has strengthened the rigor and reproducibility of findings. Public research institutions including the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_as_a_biological_variable

For example, a reading test that is administered in September to a third grade class may yield different results when retaken ... ISBN 978-0-13-189172-2. Practical explanation of repeatability and reproducibility in terms of how data can be different ... Repeatability or test-retest reliability is the closeness of the agreement between the results of successive measurements of ... An attribute agreement analysis is designed to simultaneously evaluate the impact of repeatability and reproducibility on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repeatability

This type of RVP facilitates exceptional reliability and reproducibility of neutralization assay results, while maintaining ... Results obtained with RVPs are often compared to those obtained with live virus. Pierson, TC; Sánchez, MD; Puffer, BA; Ahmed, ... With proper design and quality control, RVPs remain stable under common assay conditions and yield reproducible results that ... and reproducibility of Zika reporter virus particles for long-term applications". PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 14(11): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reporter_virus_particles

CLSI, ISO, NIH, EURL ECVAM, OECD) is desirable because this improves test result accuracy and reproducibility. Also, if the ... As a result, even if the indigenous medical knowledge is taken as prior art, that knowledge does not by itself make the active ... Failure to do so can result in criminal proceedings and rejection of any subsequent patent applications. It is also important ... The patent-holder subsequently sued a large number of importers of Mexican yellow beans with the following result: "...export ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioprospecting

... by integration with the Open Science Framework and reproducibility by integrating the analysis settings into the results. The ... PDF export of results. Summary statistics: Bayesian inference from frequentist summary statistics for t-test, regression, and ... JASP generally produces APA style results tables and plots to ease publication. It promotes open science ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JASP

These features increase the sensitivity of the interview and the inter-rater reliability (or reproducibility) of the resulting ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schedule_for_Affective_Disorders_and_Schizophrenia

In an effort to address issues with the reproducibility of research results, some scholars are asking that authors agree to ... We would love to see a top journal adopt results-free review as a policy, at very least allowing results-free review as one ... Versions include: Result-blind peer review or results blind peer review, first proposed 1966: Reviewers receive an edited ... with mixed results, in order to reanalyze them. A recent attempt resulted in only seven data sets out of fifty requests. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarly_peer_review

Reproducibility can be particularly difficult for deep learning models. A number of relevant services and open source software ... Apart from tuning hyperparameters, machine learning involves storing and organizing the parameters and results, and making sure ... Bibcode:2014arXiv1407.7722V. Villa, Jennifer; Zimmerman, Yoav (25 May 2018). "Reproducibility in ML: why it matters and how to ... research code often evolves quickly and compromises essential aspects like bookkeeping and reproducibility. Online ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperparameter_(machine_learning)

The arc source has better reproducibility and the ions produced have a narrower energy spread compared to the spark source; ... However, the rf spark ion current is discontinuous and erratic, which results in fair resolution and accuracy when standards ... Sample homogeneity is important for reproducibility. The rf spark source creates ions with a wide energy spread (2-3 kV), which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spark_ionization

... the sharing and management of scientific data to promote reproducibility and translation of research results to advance science ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health_Office_of_Science_Policy

However, Vespel tends to absorb a small amount of water, resulting in longer pump time while placed in a vacuum. Although there ... because of high reproducibility and consistency of its thermophysical properties. For example, it can withstand repeated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vespel

... as these can create electrical conduction and yield false negative results. When pulp testing results are inconclusive and that ... All available techniques are reported to have limitations in terms of accuracy and reproducibility and therefore require ... False negative results occurs when innervated teeth do not respond to sensibility testing. Such can occur in individuals who ... The test cavity technique is only used as a last resort when results produced by all other methods above are inconclusive. High ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_pulp_test

One of the factors that affects the reproducibility of the results of animal experiments is the proximate environment in which ... If the animals are not maintained in a normal state, reproducibility of results of experiments on animals as "living measuring ... Nomura developed this concept to promote the importance of control of the environment to assure reproducibility of the results ... was a pioneer in the development of laboratory animals with the aim of assuring reproducibility of experimental results in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatsuji_Nomura

... saving time and improving the quality of results by increasing reproducibility. Etest and related instruments offer one of the ... However, to maximise reproducibility, the medium chosen should fulfil the basic requirements for a susceptibility test medium. ... For some microbial and antimicrobial combinations, the results can be used to determine a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etest

The results suggest the physiological effects of incremental exercise can be more predominant than that of a submaximal ... Laplaud D, Hug F, Grélot L (2006). "Reproducibility of eight lower limb muscles activity level in the course of an incremental ... The exercise method is utilised in health studies to determine various health-related propositions and results. These include ... Incremental exercise is also a prominent method utilised in determining results of exercise intensity. A type of incremental ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incremental_exercise

... that normalization controls be previously validated for each experiment to ensure reproducibility and accuracy of the results. ... Ineffective stripping could result in a weak signal from the target protein. To prevent loss of the antigen, only three ... A linear range of up to 140 µg is reported for Ponceau S with poor reproducibility due to its highly time-dependent staining ... Non-uniformity in the image can result in inaccurate normalization. Anionic dyes such as Ponceau S and Coomassie Brilliant Blue ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_blot_normalization

7,391 deaths resulted from medication errors If 44,000 to 98,000 deaths are the direct result of medical mistakes, and the CDC ... and tools should also be formatted and standardized such that EM educators can use the data and count on it for reproducibility ... According to survey results from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), simulation content taught at medical ... Passiment, Morgan; Sacks, Heather; Huang, Grace (September 2011). "Medical Simulation in Medical Education: Results of an AAMC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_simulation

It has been shown that there is high degree of inter-observer variation and poor reproducibility in how dysplasia is graded. ... Almost all oral white patches are usually the result of keratosis. For this reason, oral white patches are sometimes generally ... This hides the normal pink-red color of mucosae (the result of underlying vasculature showing through the epithelium). A ... Although the white color in leukoplakia is a result of hyperkeratosis (or acanthosis), similarly appearing white lesions that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukoplakia

ECL Command Center's extensive suite of tools can then be used to plot, analyze, and visualize results. D.J. Kleinbaum and ... Researchers and pharmaceutical groups have long been concerned about the lack of reproducibility of laboratory testing in the ... where experiments are encoded in a language and grammar designed by ECL to allow remote operation and ensure reproducibility. ... the group wrote centralized management software for the different machines and a database to store all metadata and results. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emerald_Cloud_Lab

The Collective Optimization Database is also intended to improve the quality and reproducibility of the research on code and ... Evaluation at several ACM-sponsored conferences to encourage sharing of artifacts and validation of experimental results from ... Using common research-and-development tools should help to improve the quality and reproducibility of research into code, ... predict program optimizations based on statistical and machine-learning techniques and improve the quality and reproducibility ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collective_Tuning_Initiative

... variability in mice is once again detrimental to the reproducibility of results obtained from the diet induced obesity model. ... These cases have resulted in the increase of metabolic syndrome in the mouse models as well as resulted in obesity. The change ... therefore it is understandable that several limitations are established when translating results between the results of a diet ... The results of the study illustrate that the high fat diet rats had a higher adiposity index than the low fat diet rats. Dogs ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diet-induced_obesity_model

Reproducibility between different labs is roughly three times higher at ±0.15 for 2 standard deviations. NRC is a useful rating ... Thicker materials also have larger surface area at the sides, resulting in increased sound absorption due to edge effects. NRC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise_reduction_coefficient

xi, 207-209 "The ratio of the worldwide positive results on cold fusion to negative results peaked at approximately 50% (...) ... Reproducibility. In 1989, after Fleischmann and Pons had made their claims, many research groups tried to reproduce the ... results.[40] On 10 April 1989, a group at Texas A&M University published results of excess heat and later that day a group at ... concluding that results as of that date did not present convincing evidence that useful sources of energy would result from the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_fusion

7,391 deaths resulted from medication errors. If 44,000 to 98,000 deaths are the direct result of medical mistakes, and the CDC ... and tools should also be formatted and standardized such that EM educators can use the data and count on it for reproducibility ... According to survey results from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) simulation content taught at medical ... The table below shows the results of tests given to 20 students using highly advanced medical simulation training materials and ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_simulation

... and is normally repeated at least three times to ensure reproducibility. Since results are dependent on patient cooperation, ... Results are usually given in both raw data (litres, litres per second) and percent predicted-the test result as a percent of ... Generally speaking, results nearest to 100% predicted are the most normal, and results over 80% are often considered normal. ... the FEV1 and FVC are both reduced proportionally and the value may be normal or even increased as a result of decreased lung ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_expiratory_volume

"Reproducibility of the results of the Shanghai academic ranking of world universities". Scientometrics. 94 (2): 567-587. doi: ... Results[edit]. Greater China Rankings (100) - Top 10[Note 2][38] Institution. 2011. 2012. 2013. 2014 ... a b c d Order shown in accordance with the latest result. ... Whereas in the case of the other rankings the results are ... A 2013 paper in the same journal finally showed how the Shanghai ranking results could be reproduced.[26] In a report from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities

6) There should be one or more available assay platform for such biomarker with test-retest reliability and reproducibility ... and to define strata based on the results. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomarkers

... 82 also uses fixed-point arithmetic instead of floating-point, to ensure reproducibility of the results across different ... As a result, TeX has been ported to almost all operating systems, usually by using the web2c program to convert the source code ... This resulted in some "hacks" overloading some fields, which in turn required other "hacks". On an aesthetics level, the ... The problem is thus to find the set of breakpoints that will give the most visually pleasing result. Many line breaking ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TeX_markup

Li JT, Andrist D, Bamlet WR, Wolter TD (November 2000). "Accuracy of patient prediction of allergy skin test results". Annals ... 2014). Pollen monitoring: minimum requirements and reproducibility of analysis. Aerobiologia, 30(4), 385-395. ...

https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ալերգիա

... and better reproducibility of results.[5] Naming conventions[edit]. "Record linkage" is the term used by statisticians, ... The resulting total weight is then compared to the aforementioned thresholds to determine whether the pair should be linked, ... Most, if not all, record linkage strategies would result in more accurate linkage if these values were first normalized or ... As this example demonstrates, even a small decrease in data quality or small increase in the complexity of the data can result ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_resolution

... concerns throughout the scientific literature resides in the viability and reproducibility on a large scale of observed results ... The assessment is made for certain microorganisms; if the result is favorable, it leads to "Qualified Presumption of Safety" ... 2010). ": Guide to designing, conducting, publishing and communicating results of clinical studies involving probiotic ... and encouraging results were obtained, especially in the relief of chronic constipation.[citation needed] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probiotic?wprov=sfti1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probiotic?wprov=sfti1

The result was a replication of the repeatedly reported open access citation advantage, with the advantage being equal in size ... Open Science Collaboration (2015). "Estimating the Reproducibility of Psychological Science". Science. 349 (6251): aac4716. doi ... Perhaps paradoxically, the removal of this barrier might actually result in an increase of the quality of published work, as it ... Such modern technology includes posting results to preprint servers, preregistration of studies, open peer review, and other ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_access_journal

A reproducibility limit is the value below which the difference between two test results obtained under reproducibility ... Reproducibility is the ability to get the same research results or inferences, based on the raw data and computer programs ... that can be used to reproduce the results and create new work based on the research.[11][12][13][14][15] Typical examples of ... think failure to reproduce published results means the result is probably wrong, and most say they still trust the published ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replicability

The result of the last home game by the Washington Redskins prior to the presidential election predicted the outcome of every ... Because results from prospective studies on people who increase their bicycle use show a smaller effect on BMI than cross- ... This is a scientific example that resulted from a study at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center. Published in the May ... However, an observed effect could also be caused "by chance", for example as a result of random perturbations in the population ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation_does_not_imply_causation

Random errors will affect the reproducibility and precision of the resulting structures. If the errors are systematic, the ... The process results in an ensemble of structures that, if the data were sufficient to dictate a certain fold, will converge. ... Thus, the results obtained from nitrogen-15 relaxation measurements may not be representative for the whole protein. Therefore ... However, since nitrogen atoms are found mainly in the backbone of a protein, the results mainly reflect the motions of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_nuclear_magnetic_resonance_spectroscopy

Domingo Docampo (1 July 2012). "Reproducibility of the results of the Shanghai academic ranking of world universities". ... ResultsEdit. Greater China Rankings (100) - Top 10[Note 2][38]. Institution. 2011. 2012. 2013. 2014. 2015. 2016. 2017. 2018 ... a b c d Order shown in accordance with the latest result. ... ResultsEdit. Academic Ranking of World Universities (500) - Top ... Whereas in the case of the other rankings the results are adjusted to take account of the size of institutions, hardly any such ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities

As a result, several studies have shown that the immunogenicity of oats varies depending on the cultivar consumed. Thus, it is ... "Comparison of the interobserver reproducibility with different histologic criteria used in celiac disease". Clin. Gastroenterol ... Not all areas may be equally affected; if biopsies are taken from healthy bowel tissue, the result would be a false negative.[ ... The latter case yields a permanently covalently linked complex between the gliadin and the tTg.[78] This results in the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coeliac_disease

Reproducibility: This allows for researchers to use the exact methods used to calculate the relations between biological data. ... This is a direct result of major pharmaceutical companies needing more qualified analysts of the large data sets required for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_biology

... results, and conclusions of an experiment or set of experiments, or offers a novel interpretation of previous results. In ... Among the finding of meta-research is a low rates of reproducibility across a large number of fields. This widespread ... and this under-representation in turn results in disproportionately reduced acceptance of the results of their efforts as ... The results of the data analysis in rejecting or failing to reject the null hypothesis are then reported and evaluated. At the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research

Published results of experiments can also serve as a hypothesis predicting their own reproducibility. ... If an experiment cannot be repeated to produce the same results, this implies that the original results might have been in ... For significant or surprising results, other scientists may also attempt to replicate the results for themselves, especially if ... due to his emphasis on experimental data and reproducibility of its results.[15][16] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_method

The result would be a consistent yet inaccurate string of results from the flawed experiment. Eliminating the systematic error ... reproducibility - the variation arising using the same measurement process among different instruments and operators, and over ... Appendix D.1: Terminology, Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results ... Accuracy is the proximity of measurement results to the true value; precision is the degree to which repeated (or reproducible ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accuracy

"On the reproducibility of science: unique identification of research resources in the biomedical literature". PeerJ. 2 ... Some immune deficiencies, such as X-linked agammaglobulinemia and hypogammaglobulinemia, result in partial or complete lack of ... "Reporting research antibody use: how to increase experimental reproducibility". F1000. 23 August 2013. Retrieved 1 September ... Computational approaches provide a cheaper and faster alternative to crystallography, but their results are more equivocal, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody

Based on the low power of studies, one would expect a large number of non-significant results, but these results are missing ... Reproducibility controversy and conflicting meta analysesEdit. In 2016, a major study (2141 participants) carried out at two ... The results of this study indicated that people who experienced ego depletion felt less guilty and donated less money than non- ... The complexity of consumer decisions in itself can result in ego depletion.[25] This, in turn, could impact any subsequent ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ego_depletion

"The use of p values for nearly a century [since 1925] to determine statistical significance of experimental results has ... contributed to an illusion of certainty and [to] reproducibility crises in many scientific fields. There is growing ... The presence of missing data or censoring may result in biased estimates and specific techniques have been developed to address ... The presence of missing data or censoring may result in biased estimates and specific techniques have been developed to address ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics

... which would have resulted in the upper limit of the kilogram's reproducibility being around 10−5 whereas the current ... Impact on reproducibility[edit]. All seven of the SI base units will be defined in terms of defined constants[Note 7] and ... This would result in the dalton and the atomic mass unit potentially differing from each other with a relative uncertainty of ... with the result that the redefinition of the kilogram and the additional rigour in the definitions of the second and metre ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_redefinition_of_SI_base_units

Bertrand Russell argued that some individual actions based on beliefs for which there is no evidence of efficacy, can result in ... as well as the degree to which their predictions match experimental results.[17] Skepticism in general may be deemed part of ... Unqualified medical practice and alternative medicine can result in serious injury and death[38][39].Skeptical activist Tim ... and then sharing the results with the public. ... Reproducibility. *Scientific reductionism. *Scientism. *Secular ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_skepticism

The historical results of Coley's vaccine therapy are difficult to compare with modern results because Coley's studies were not ... Although Coley claimed successful treatment of hundreds of patients, the absence of proven benefit or reproducibility led to ... Coley published the results of his work as a case series, making it difficult to interpret them with confidence. According to ... In particular, the therapy resulted in immediate tumor destruction and pain relief. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Coley

The resulting phage particles that are produced contain the single-stranded phagemids and are used to infect XL-1 Blue cells.[2 ... This approach has a lower rate of reproducibility and tends to yield higher amounts of false positives compared to the matrix ... Each of these points alone can give rise to false results. Due to the combined effects of all error sources yeast two-hybrid ... The exact rate of false positive results is not known, but earlier estimates were as high as 70%. This also, partly, explains ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-hybrid_screening

... has become popular due to the exact reproducibility of the results.[13] ... compares the results of training on the data sets[Note 1]. threeColors = [255, 0, 0], [0, 255, 0], [0, 0, 255]. eightColors = [ ... The other plots each overlay the resulting map with predicted values on an input dimension: red means a predicted 'yes' vote on ... have been several attempts to modify the definition of SOM and to formulate an optimisation problem which gives similar results ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-organizing_map

The need for reproducibility and efficient management of the large amount of data associated with genome projects mean that ... Typically the short fragments, called reads, result from shotgun sequencing genomic DNA, or gene transcripts (ESTs).[4] ... The advent of these technologies resulted in a rapid intensification in the scope and speed of completion of genome sequencing ... which has resulted in a pronounced bias in their phylogenetic distribution compared to the breadth of microbial diversity.[31][ ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomics

This reproducibility may suggest that genetic mechanisms can specify the location of major gyri. Studies of monozygotic and ... Creases on the brain's surface are formed as a result of instability, and tangential growth models reach levels of instability ... This displacement results in not only defects in cortical connections, but also a thickened cortex, consistent with the idea ... stating that folding patterns of the brain are a result of different tangential expansion rates between different cortical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyrification

The RELY studies aimed to establish the inter-rater reproducibility (reliability and agreement) of functional evaluations in ... We performed two multi-centre reproducibility studies on standardised functional WC evaluation (RELY 1 and 2). Trained ... applying for disability benefits and to compare the effect of limited versus intensive expert training on reproducibility. ... Training experts alone may not result in acceptable reproducibility. Nevertheless, a better understanding of the cognitive ...

https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-019-2171-y

Dear Colleague Letter: Reproducibility and Robustness of Results. This document has been archived. ... Intrinsic to our mission is the responsibility to ensure the reliability, reproducibility, and robustness of research and its ...

https://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2016/nsf16083/nsf16083.jsp

Workshop on research results reproducibility and resources citation in science and technology of language, Branco et al. (2016 ... Replicability and reproducibility of research results for human language technology: introducing an LRE special section. ... Branco, A., Calzolari, N. & Choukri, K. (Eds.). (2016). Workshop on research results reproducibility and resources citation in ... LREs fostering of submissions reporting results of replicability and reproducibility studies and reports on experimental ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10579-017-9380-0

Reproducibility of Computational Environments for Scientific Experiments using Container-based Virtualization ... In an ideal world, all research papers would be runnable: simply click to replicate all results, using the same setup as the ... In an ideal world, all research papers would be runnable: simply click to replicate all results, using the same setup as the ...

https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/search?q=Reproducibility+of+Computational+Environments+for+Scientific+Experiments+using+Container-based+Virtualization

Reproducibility of walking test results in chronic obstructive airways disease. Message subject: (Your Name) has forwarded a ...

https://thorax.bmj.com/content/43/5/388.share

Improving the Reproducibility of PANs Shared Tasks: - Plagiarism Detection, Author Identification, and Author Profiling ... Improving the Reproducibility of PANs Shared Tasks: Plagiarism Detection, Author Identification, and Author Profiling by ...

https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/search?q=Improving+the+Reproducibility+of+PAN%27s+Shared+Tasks%3A+-+Plagiarism+Detection%2C+Author+Identification%2C+and+Author+Profiling

Reproducibility of Results Respiration Respiratory Rate Sex Characteristics Tidal Volume Time Factors Walking Abstract. We ... Reproducibility of Results Research Subjects - psychology Risk-Taking Rural Population Urban Population Young Adult Abstract. ... Reproducibility of Results Risk factors Russia Siberia Surveys and Questionnaires Abstract. To determine the 23-year dynamics ( ... Reproducibility of Results Russia Scintillation Counting Sensitivity and specificity Tritium - analysis - standards Abstract. ...

https://arctichealth.org/en/list?q=topic%3A%22Reproducibility+of+Results%22&p=1&ps=&sort=title_sort+asc

Reproducibility of Results Sweden Translating Abstract. Health literacy (HL) is an important determinant for health and a ... Reproducibility of Results Sweden Translating Abstract. The Melbourne Decision-Making Questionnaire (MDMQ) is an attempt to ... Reproducibility of Results Utilization Review - methods Notes. Cites: CMAJ. 2000 Jun 27;162(13):1809-1310906913 Comment On: ... Reproducibility of Results Sweden Notes. Comment On: Scand J Occup Ther. 2005 Dec;12(4):170-8016457090 ...

https://arctichealth.org/en/list?q=topic%3A%22Reproducibility+of+Results%22&%3Bp=1&%3Bps=&%3Bsort=title_sort+asc&p=1&objectType_facet=Article

Questions about the reproducibility of scientific research have been raised i... ... A lack of reproducibility of scientific results has created some distrust in scientific findings among the general public, ... Statistical Challenges in Assessing and Fostering the Reproducibility of Scientific Results: Summary of a Workshop (2016) ... Statistical Challenges in Assessing and Fostering the Reproducibility of Scientific Results: Summary of a Workshop Get This ...

https://www.nap.edu/read/21915/chapter/5

Questions about the reproducibility of scientific research have been raised in numerous setting... ... A lack of reproducibility of scientific results has created some distrust in scientific findings among the general public, ... Statistical Challenges in Assessing and Fostering the Reproducibility of Scientific Results: Summary of a Workshop (2016) ... Statistical Challenges in Assessing and Fostering the Reproducibility of Scientific Results: Summary of a Workshop Get This ...

https://www.nap.edu/read/21915/chapter/8

... today announced the publication of an international prospective multicenter study that demonstrates the high reproducibility of ... BioNTech Announces Positive Results of an International Reproducibility Study with MammaTyper® Monday, 15 May 2017 11:40 Hits: ... Inter-site reproducibility of the positive/negative marker results was also correspondingly high - with Kappa values of 1.00, ... The results were subsequently analyzed for their reproducibility both between the institutes (inter-site) and within each ...

https://www.b3cnewswire.com/201705151573/biontech-announces-positive-results-of-an-international-reproducibility-study-with-mammatyperr.html

... of Experimental Parameters in Data-Independent Mass Spectrometry Significantly Increases Depth and Reproducibility of Results. ... of Experimental Parameters in Data-Independent Mass Spectrometry Significantly Increases Depth and Reproducibility of Results ... of Experimental Parameters in Data-Independent Mass Spectrometry Significantly Increases Depth and Reproducibility of Results ... of Experimental Parameters in Data-Independent Mass Spectrometry Significantly Increases Depth and Reproducibility of Results ...

https://www.mcponline.org/content/16/12/2296/tab-figures-data

For 1866, only one result from site B and two results from site C were 64 μg/ml; the other results ranged from 8 to 32 μg/ml. ... Reproducibility among MICs and agreement by interpretive category was most variable for imipenem. Based on results reported ... Multisite Reproducibility of Results Obtained by the Broth Microdilution Method for Susceptibility Testing ofMycobacterium ... Multisite Reproducibility of Results Obtained by the Broth Microdilution Method for Susceptibility Testing ofMycobacterium ...

https://jcm.asm.org/content/37/6/1676?ijkey=5dfb0058a6001bd5014678646c2db7ff48ac5bad&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Assessment of Resolution and Intercenter Reproducibility of Results of Genotyping Staphylococcus aureus by Pulsed-Field Gel ... Assessment of Resolution and Intercenter Reproducibility of Results of Genotyping Staphylococcus aureus by Pulsed-Field Gel ... Assessment of Resolution and Intercenter Reproducibility of Results of Genotyping Staphylococcus aureus by Pulsed-Field Gel ... Assessment of Resolution and Intercenter Reproducibility of Results of Genotyping Staphylococcus aureus by Pulsed-Field Gel ...

https://jcm.asm.org/content/36/6/1653?ijkey=12e34b0e5da8a01efdb4ce353e8c9a44732b047a&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

The reproducibility crisis and the negative results crisis are both coming into their prime, and represent an interesting ... When Crises Collide: The Tension Between Null Results and Reproducibility *By David Crotty ... Every result opens up new questions. Part of answering those new questions relies on the first result being correct. If its ... Its perfectly reasonable to doubt anyone elses results, even your own results. That may require doing the same thing a few ...

https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2014/09/10/when-crises-collide-the-tension-between-null-results-and-reproducibility/

Spica magnetic resonance imaging for determination of abduction angle: initial results and reproducibility assessment ... Spica magnetic resonance imaging for determination of abduction angle: initial results and reproducibility assessment ... Results. For inter-reader reliability, the ICC of the five physicians was 0.89 (95 % CI 0.84-0.92). For intra-reader ... The high ICC and low standard deviation of independently evaluated hip abduction angles indicates high reproducibility of ...

https://www.springermedizin.de/spica-magnetic-resonance-imaging-for-determination-of-abduction-/10581100

Purpose We present the evaluation of the reproducibility of measurements performed using robotic ultrasound imaging in ... Results. After repeated image acquisitions, the measurements based on acquisitions performed by the robotic system and expert ... Ultrasound acquisition Robotic ultrasound Autonomous acquisition Reproducibility Thyroid R. Kojcev and A. Khakzar have ... Albu-Schäffer A, Ott C, Frese U, Hirzinger G (2003) Cartesian impedance control of redundant robots: recent results with the ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11548-017-1561-1

Results:. A total of 74 voxels were included for reproducibility analysis. The complete range of biologically interesting CC/C ... Comparison of our results with clinical MR spectroscopy reproducibility studies of other organs is cumbersome, mainly because ... In general, other MR spectroscopic imaging reproducibility studies show highly reproducible results and consider the technique ... Other reproducibility studies investigate reproducibility in healthy tissue or in tissue with known malignancy or in both but ...

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jmri.22827/full

RESULTS: The intakes of energy and some nutrients estimated from FFQ1 and FFQ2 were different from those assessed by the DRs. ... Validation and reproducibility of food frequency questionnaire for Korean genome epidemiologic study.. Ahn Y1, Kwon E, Shim JE ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17299477?dopt=Abstract

RESULTS: The RDR test was reproducible for 17 of 23 subjects: 3 scored , 14% on both tests; 14, , 14% on both. Six subjects ... Reproducibility of the relative dose response test (RDR), a test designed to measure vitamin A status, was tested in 23 ... In addition, the reproducibility of the retinyl ester concentrations in serum 5 hours after the retinyl palmitate dose and the ... Reproducibility of relative dose response (RDR) test and serum retinol and retinyl ester concentrations in children after a 2- ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8892170?dopt=Abstract

ACTRIS ACSM intercomparison - Part 1: Reproducibility of concentration and fragment results from 13 individual Quadrupole ... Reproducibility of concentration and fragment results from 13 individual Quadrupole Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitors (Q- ... The results show that these instruments can produce highly comparable and robust measurements of the NR-PM1 total mass and its ... Reproducibility expanded uncertainties of Q-ACSM concentration measurements were found to be 9, 15, 19, 28, and 36% for NR-PM1 ...

https://atmos-meas-tech.net/8/5063/2015/

Results Inter-vendor agreement was highest for GCS followed by LV GLS. GRS and RV GLS showed lower inter-vendor agreement. ... Intra-vendor reproducibility was excellent for GCS, LV GLS and RV GLS, but lower for GRS. The impact of repeated measurements ... Conclusion Cardiac pathology has no influence on CMR-FT reproducibility. LV GLS and GCS qualify as the most robust parameters ... Inter-observer reproducibility was derived from the tracking results of a second skilled observer (TL). To study the impact of ...

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0193746

The Leak Reveals a Failure of Reproducibility of Computational Results. It appears as though the leak came about through a long ... The Climate Modeling Leak: Code and Data Generating Published Results Must be Open and Facilitate Reproducibility Published on ... This is right - reproducibility of results should be the concern (as argued here for example). ... My sense is that making code and data readily available in a way that facilitates reproducibility of results, can help avoid ...

http://blog.stodden.net/2009/11/30/the-climate-modeling-leak-code-and-data-generating-published-results-must-be-open-and-facilitate-reproducibility/

Results. Regarding pressure indices, the ζw was below 1 mmHg for repeatability (0.98 for IOP and 0.89 for bIOP) and the CV was ... for reproducibility, and the CR were also low, below 3 mmHg for repeatability and around 3 mmHg for reproducibility. This is ... and the reproducibility CV less than 5%. The SP A1 presented slightly higher repeatability and reproducibility CV (5% and 6.5 ... For reproducibility, the ζw was around 1 mmHg (1.12 for IOP and 1.05 for bIOP) and the CV and CR were 7.6% and 3.1 for IOP and ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/joph/2017/8515742/

The aim of the study was to assess the reproducibility of a short-form, multicomponent dietary questionnaire (SF- ... Results of the Bland-Altman methods by sex groups are shown in supplementary materials (Figures S2 and S3). ... For NK levels, good reproducibility in childrens parents and fair reproducibility in adolescents was found. For NK score, the ... demonstrating good or very good reproducibility for most food items and acceptable-to-good reproducibility of identification of ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/12/2929/htm

Interobserver reproducibility of the PRECISE scoring system for prostate MRI on active surveillance: results from a two-centre ... Interobserver reproducibility of the PRECISE scoring system for prostate MRI on active surveillance: results from a two-centre ... Interobserver reproducibility of the PRECISE scoring system for prostate MRI on active surveillance: results from a two-centre ... RESULTS: Agreement was substantial both at a per-patient and a per-scan level (κ = 0.71 and 0.61; percent agreement = 79% and ...

https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10088360/

Results of the assay reproducibility study for 16α-OHE1. The concentration of 16α-OHE1 (pg metabolite/mL urine) is plotted on a ... These results were then combined with those from the 20 subjects evaluated in the reproducibility study described below, where ... Assay Reproducibility. The design of the reproducibility component of this study is presented in Fig. 2 . The duplicate ... Reproducibility Study. The reproducibility study included only the 20 subjects whose samples were randomized and identifiers ...

https://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/17/12/3411?ijkey=c420fc9aaee76e0997f9d8b2968d27c3f3e42672&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Reproducibility of SPECT. Figure 4B shows the results of Bland-Altman repeatability analysis of the SPECT data. The average ... The reproducibility of an imaging test has practical implications for the design of clinical trials that use the results of ... Background- The reproducibility of contrast-enhanced MRI has not been established. We compared MRI reproducibility for infarct ... 5 To allow the reproducibility of ceMRI to be directly compared with the reproducibility of an existing widely used clinical ...

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/106/18/2322

... of effects were subjectively rated to have replicated the original result; and if no bias in original results is assumed, ... of effects were subjectively rated to have replicated the original result; and if no bias in original results is assumed, ... Reproducibility is a defining feature of science, but the extent to which it characterizes current research is unknown. We ... Reproducibility is a defining feature of science, but the extent to which it characterizes current research is unknown. ...

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/349/6251/aac4716

Figure 9. The end result of the gravimetric analysis done on 2 mL of sludge. (A): dried sludge (surrogate) (B): dried retentate ... Validation of Sample Preparation Methods for Microplastic Analysis in Wastewater Matrices-Reproducibility and Standardization ... Figure 9. The end result of the gravimetric analysis done on 2 mL of sludge. (A): dried sludge (surrogate) (B): dried retentate ... Nevertheless, the resulting signal for PLA still showed a significant reduction in the size of the surviving particles, as can ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/9/2445/htm

Home > News > New Reproducibility of Research Results Module New Reproducibility of Research Results Module. CITI Program is ... "Reproducibility of Research Results" module discusses factors that contribute to the lack of reproducibility and the resulting ... Reproducibility of Research Results. The inability to reproduce findings from prior research, whether it is ones own study or ... The module also describes the stakeholders affected by reproducibility problems, a collection of reproducibility initiatives, ...

https://about.citiprogram.org/en/news/new-reproducibility-of-research-results-module/

Whether reproducibility can be accurately estimated from published information has major implications not only for choosing what to believe or what is worth replicating, but also for how we assess and fund science. (bmj.com)

The RELY studies aimed to establish the inter-rater reproducibility (reliability and agreement) of 'functional evaluations' in patients with mental disorders applying for disability benefits and to compare the effect of limited versus intensive expert training on reproducibility. (biomedcentral.com)

We performed two multi-centre reproducibility studies on standardised functional WC evaluation (RELY 1 and 2). (biomedcentral.com)

The Brazilian Reproducibility Initiative , which aims to replicate between 60 and a 100 experiments from Brazilian biomedical science using common laboratory methods, provides a unique opportunity to study this question. (bmj.com)

Awareness of reproducibility issues in various areas of science has been on the rise in recent years, with systematic replication efforts in areas such as psychology , economics , cancer biology and social sciences arising in recent years. (bmj.com)
The question of whether researchers can estimate the reproducibility of published findings has been studied in replication initiatives in psychology (see also this ), economics and social sciences , and the answer is that they are reasonably good at it. (bmj.com)

Can we predict the reproducibility of biomedical studies? (bmj.com)
It was even demonstrated that laypeople without a PhD in psychology show some accuracy in predicting reproducibility in these studies. (bmj.com)
These include indicators of methodological rigor such as randomisation and blinding, which are widely thought to reduce risk of bias , as well as effect sizes and statistical results - which have been shown to correlate with reproducibility in psychology studies . (bmj.com)
In 2013, on the heels of several retraction scandals and studies showing reproducibility rates as low as 10 percent for peer-reviewed articles, the prominent scientific journal Nature dedicated a special issue to the concerns over irreproducibility. (duke.edu)

With this in mind, we are recruiting experimental researchers to predict the probability that the results will be replicated - as well as to explain the reasons for their predictions! (bmj.com)
Researchers from Smith College, Duke University and Amherst College looked at how introductory statistics students responded to a curriculum modified to stress reproducibility. (duke.edu)

The authors of the present study thus looked to their own classrooms for ways to incorporate the idea of reproducibility. (duke.edu)

Olavo Amaral is an associate professor at the Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro and project coordinator of the Brazilian Reproducibility Initiative. (bmj.com)

In a typical workflow, a college-level statistics student will perform data analysis in one software package, but transfer the results into something better suited to presentation, like Microsoft Word or Microsoft PowerPoint. (duke.edu)
Though standard, this workflow divorces the raw data and analysis from the final results, making it difficult for students to retrace their steps. (duke.edu)

CONCLUSIONS: Expert radiologists achieved substantial reproducibility for the PRECISE scoring system, especially when data were pooled together according to the absence/presence of radiological progression (PRECISE 1-3 vs 4-5). (ucl.ac.uk)
CONCLUSIONS Scanning laser Doppler flowmetry has an acceptable reproducibility and is appropriate for description of the effect of graded changes in P o 2 on retinal haemodynamics. (bmj.com)
The results of the first set of Replication Studies are mixed, and while it is too early to draw any conclusions, it is clear that assessing reproducibility in cancer biology is going to be as complex as it was in a similar project in psychology ( Open Science Collaboration, 2015 ). (elifesciences.org)
We were surprised by the authors' conclusions, as their results were consistent with previously published reports. (diabetesjournals.org)
should be weighed against the encouraging results and conclusions of both evolving and previously reported research. (diabetesjournals.org)

The CTs increased slightly when measured twice over the 15-minute intervals (short-term reproducibility) but remained stable over a period of 2 weeks (long-term reproducibility). (arvojournals.org)
The purpose of the study is to determine short-term reproducibility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) estimated from diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (DW-MR) imaging of the prostate. (urotoday.com)

Evaluating microkeratome efficacy by 3D corneal lamellar flap thickness accuracy and reproducibility using Artemis VHF digital ultrasound arc-scann. (nih.gov)
Descriptive statistics revealed central flap thickness accuracy and reproducibility. (nih.gov)
A systematic qualitative and quantitative statistical evaluation of microkeratome accuracy and reproducibility can be performed by measuring corneal flap thickness with arc-scanning VHF digital ultrasound. (nih.gov)
In spite of its potential usefulness, the accuracy and reproducibility of the gene expression measures obtained in this way are still open to doubt. (biomedcentral.com)
The upgraded Solutions 3.0 software resolves many of the technical reasons for which data were discarded in their analysis, corrects the abrupt shift in value at midnight, improves the accuracy and reproducibility of the data downloads, and improves the agreement between sensor and meter values as measured by mean absolute percent difference (18.4 vs. 16.1%) and correlation (0.91 vs. 0.92) ( 5 ). (diabetesjournals.org)

The reproducibility of the quantitative results for the individual markers both between and within the institutes was calculated by means of variance component analysis and the intra- and inter-class correlation coefficient (ICC). (b3cnewswire.com)
Reproducibility was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient. (asnjournals.org)
The validity was verified by Spearman correlation coefficient (crude and de-attenuated) and weighted Kappa, and reproducibility by intraclass correlation coefficients and weighted kappa. (scielosp.org)
The purpose of this work was to assess the reproducibility of diffusion imaging, and in particular the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), intra-voxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters, across multiple centres using clinically available protocols with limited harmonization between sequences. (nih.gov)
RESULTS: Relative reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient) ranged from .04 to .99, and absolute reliability (standard error of measurement) ranged from 2.7% to 76.8%, depending on the kinematic variable, the demands of the motor task (target height and movement speed), and the analytical method. (biomedsearch.com)

Intrinsic to our mission is the responsibility to ensure the reliability, reproducibility, and robustness of research and its associated scientific outcomes. (nsf.gov)
Normalisation improved inter-scanner reproducibility in FreeSurfer and SPM-based methods, but the FSL-SIENAX scaling factor did not improve robustness. (springer.com)
Reproducibility can be interpreted to include traits such as repeatability, robustness, reliability and generalizability [ 5 ]. (nsf.gov)
Just this year, the online platform F1000 launched the dedicated Preclinical Reproducibility and Robustness channel for refutations, confirmations or more nuanced replication studies. (nature.com)
Together with superior chemistries, lab automation can eliminate operator-to-operator variations in your experiment and increase robustness as well as reproducibility, thus making your results worth sharing with peers. (qiagen.com)
Its simplicity, robustness and standardization ensure high reliability of results. (biomedcentral.com)

In conclusion, the physical performance and especially the high intensities activities of elite soccer players present good reproducibility when different types of SSG were applied in 2 different sessions in the same period, even if the rules and formats were being manipulated allowing coaches to use it with a target time-motion characteristic and an equivalent workload week after week. (omicsonline.org)
Pathologists reported good reproducibility at both 1% and 50% cut points. (aacrjournals.org)
This study supports that the FFQ has a good reproducibility for nutrient and food intake, and can provide a valid estimate of several important nutrients during pregnancy. (biomedcentral.com)

Mainz, Germany, May 15, 2017 / B3C newswire / -- BioNTech Diagnostics GmbH today announced the publication of an international prospective multicenter study that demonstrates the high reproducibility of the MammaTyper® in vitro diagnostic test. (b3cnewswire.com)
The high ICC and low standard deviation of independently evaluated hip abduction angles indicates high reproducibility of measurement. (springermedizin.de)

Our purpose was to establish objective criteria for measuring hip abduction angles on MRI after hip reduction and spica casting in patients with DDH, and evaluate reproducibility and reliability of angle measurement using these criteria. (springermedizin.de)
The goal of this study was to establish the clinical reproducibility of ceMRI for the measurement of infarct size. (ahajournals.org)
Reproducibility - Measurement variation with either multiple operators on multiple instruments on the same sample (but possibly multiple lots) in multiple locations. (horiba.com)
Both Scheimpflug-Placido systems show high repeatability and reproducibility for posterior corneal surface measurement. (healio.com)
Infarct size measurement by contrast enhanced magnetic resonance can be used as a surrogate parameter for acute myocardial infarction treatment trials, if reproducibility is excellent. (onlinejacc.org)
Patients underwent infarct size measurement on 2 consecutive days for reproducibility assessment. (onlinejacc.org)
Measurement of knee cartilage thickness using MRI: a reproducibility study in a meniscectomized guinea pig model of osteoarthritis. (biomedsearch.com)

The new "Reproducibility of Research Results" module discusses factors that contribute to the lack of reproducibility and the resulting problems that can emerge. (citiprogram.org)
Much has been written about Fleischmann and Pons, but I have not found if their problem was lack of reproducibility (so they found a plot that looked good and just focused on that) or if there was something darker at work. (wordpress.com)
Lack of reproducibility in science is not a new debate but recent reports shed light on the ever-growing phenomenon, reasons being diverse. (qiagen.com)

The aim of the study was to assess the reproducibility of a short-form, multicomponent dietary questionnaire (SF-FFQ4PolishChildren) in Polish children and adolescents. (mdpi.com)
The aim of our study was to assess the reproducibility of activations for 2 widely used paradigms: naming and word generation. (ajnr.org)

His lab is also engaged in the development of neuroinformatics tools to help improve the reproducibility and transparency of neuroscience, including the OpenfMRI.org and Neurovault.org data sharing projects and the Cognitive Atlas ontology. (nsf.gov)
dismissed the impact of an update to the CGMS software (Solutions 3.0) that does in fact improve the reproducibility evident in their data. (diabetesjournals.org)

The purpose of this study was to quantify functional MR imaging and magnetoencephalographic measures of the extent of cortical activity and to compare the reproducibility of these measures and their sensitivity to incremental stimulus change. (ajnr.org)

To determine the reproducibility of 3D proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging ( 1 H-MRSI) of the human prostate in a multicenter setting at 1.5T. (wiley.com)
As we have sought to develop FLT for imaging tumor response, it is also necessary to determine the best way to measure FLT retention, including SUV and kinetic variables, and to determine the reproducibility in several tumor types. (aacrjournals.org)

To assess the repeatability and reproducibility of dynamic corneal response parameters measured by the Corvis ST (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany). (hindawi.com)

Means and standard deviations of all flow results of a given subject were calculated, at t0-t6 and the coefficients of variation as a measure of reproducibility. (bmj.com)

Central reproducibility (standard deviation of the mean) was 30.3 microm, with a range of 106 to 228 microm. (nih.gov)
To assess intraoperator repeatability and interoperator reproducibility, within-subject standard deviation (Sw) and test-retest repeatability (TRT, 2.77 Sw) were calculated. (healio.com)

The committee was given a timeline to assess issues pertaining to reproducibility and replication, hear testimony by subject matter experts, deliberate and complete their investigations within approximately 18 months of the start of activities in October 2017. (the-scientist.com)

Robotic imaging for interventional procedures may be a valuable contribution, but requires reproducibility for its acceptance in clinical routine. (springer.com)
Sound science requires reproducibility. (asbmb.org)

The clinical reproducibility of contrast-enhanced MRI for infarct size determination compares favorably with that of routine clinical SPECT. (ahajournals.org)

Two sample sets of 60 samples each were designed to assess inter- and intraobserver reproducibility considering two cut points for positivity: 1% or 50% of PD-L1 stained tumor cells. (aacrjournals.org)
For intraobserver reproducibility, the overall percent agreement (OPA) was 89.7% [95% confidence interval (CI), 85.7-92.6] for the 1% cut point and 91.3% (95% CI, 87.6-94.0) for the 50% cut point. (aacrjournals.org)
Using this assay, we investigated the inter- and intraobserver reproducibility of pathologists' assessment of PD-L1 staining and the impact of training on reproducibility. (aacrjournals.org)
Pearson's correlation coefficients of interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility were r =0.98 and r =0.87, respectively. (go.jp)

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine the interobserver reproducibility of the Prostate Cancer Radiological Estimation of Change in Sequential Evaluation (PRECISE) criteria for magnetic resonance imaging in patients on active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer (PCa) at two different academic centres. (ucl.ac.uk)
For interobserver reproducibility, OPA was 84.2% (95% CI, 82.8-85.5) for the 1% cut point and 81.9% (95% CI, 80.4-83.3) for the 50% cut point, and Cohen's κ coefficients were 0.68 (95% CI, 0.65-0.71) and 0.58 (95% CI, 0.55-0.62), respectively. (aacrjournals.org)
The training was found to have no or very little impact on intra- or interobserver reproducibility. (aacrjournals.org)

A multicenter study was conducted to assess the interlaboratory reproducibility of broth microdilution testing of the more common rapidly growing pathogenic mycobacteria. (asm.org)
Currently, however, no standardized testing method for this group of organisms exists, nor has the interlaboratory reproducibility of any method been assessed. (asm.org)
Twenty well-characterized isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were used to study the optimal resolution and interlaboratory reproducibility of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of DNA macrorestriction fragments. (asm.org)

Skip to search results section. (jstor.org)

We tested the reproducibility of the assessment of PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissue samples by pathologists. (aacrjournals.org)
At the conclusion, a written report will be issued to Congress that includes an assessment of current activities to improve reproducibility and replication highlighting examples of good practices and examine factors that adversely affect reproducibility and replication. (the-scientist.com)
The presence of an identifiable effective regurgitant orifice improves reproducibility of VC and a central regurgitant jet predicts substantial agreement among multiple observers of PISA assessment. (onlinejacc.org)

A sample of individuals aged above 20 years, of both genders, living in São Paulo, was used for the validation study (n = 77) and reproducibility study (n = 74) of the food frequency questionnaire. (scielosp.org)

Assessing whether the replication and the original experiment yielded the same result according to several criteria, they find that about one-third to one-half of the original findings were also observed in the replication study. (sciencemag.org)
Nonetheless, collectively these results offer a clear conclusion: A large portion of replications produced weaker evidence for the original findings despite using materials provided by the original authors, review in advance for methodological fidelity, and high statistical power to detect the original effect sizes. (sciencemag.org)
The project pulled these studies from three different journals, Psychological Science, the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, and the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, published in 2008 to see if they could get the same results as the initial findings. (wikipedia.org)
The authors emphasized that the findings reflect a problem that affects all of science and not just psychology, and that there is room to improve reproducibility in psychology. (wikipedia.org)
The Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology launched in 2013 as an ambitious effort to scrutinize key findings in 50 cancer papers published in Nature, Science, Cell and other high-impact journals. (reproduciblescience.org)

As a result, there is an increasingly urgent call for validation and verification of published research results, both within the academic community and the public at large (e.g. (springer.com)
In an ideal world, all research papers would be runnable: simply click to replicate all results, using the same setup as the authors. (psu.edu)
Because scientific research represents a major public investment and is the basis for many decisions that we make in medicine and society, it is essential that we can trust the results. (insidehpc.com)
The frequent near-impossibility of verification of computational results when reproducibility is not considered a research goal is shown by the miserable travails of "Harry," a CRU employee with access to their system who was trying to reproduce the temperature results. (stodden.net)
CITI Program is pleased to announce the availability of a new "Reproducibility of Research Results" module. (citiprogram.org)
Reproducibility is a defining feature of science, but the extent to which it characterizes current research is unknown. (sciencemag.org)
In part two of our conversation with Chris Graf, Wiley's new Director of Research Integrity and Publishing Ethics, we discuss what reproducibility really means and share how the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) works to protect research integrity. (wiley.com)
From peer review to reproducibility, publishers, authors, and editors are all exploring how to be more transparent to improve research integrity and impact. (wiley.com)
Through this DCL, the participating programs noted above encourage proposals that specifically seek to reproduce, verify and/or characterize recent results in the disciplines covered under each program's ambit of research. (nsf.gov)
Proposers should be aware that the NSF merit review principles ( https://www.nsf.gov/pubs/policydocs/pappguide/nsf16001/gpg_3.jsp#IIIA1 ) as well as the NSF merit review criteria ( https://www.nsf.gov/pubs/policydocs/pappguide/nsf16001/gpg_3.jsp#IIIA2 ) support proposals that advance reproducibility in scientific research to the same extent as those that advance transformative research. (nsf.gov)
As the data collection ability of nearly every area of science has ballooned, so has the potential for problematic research practices that can lead to irreproducible results. (nsf.gov)
In addition to advancing research and discovery in pure and applied mathematics, computation is pervasive across the sciences and now computational research results are more crucial than ever for public policy, risk management, and national security. (brown.edu)
going so far as to state that "[j]udgement of the reproducibility of computationally oriented research no longer requires an expert-a clerk can do it" ( Claerbout and Karrenbach, 1992 ). (frontiersin.org)
Some researchers see the multiple-experiments requirement as an excessive burden that delays the publication of valuable work, but this requirement also helps maintain the impression that research that is published in JPSP has been thoroughly vetted and is less likely to be the result of a type I error or an unexplored confound. (wikipedia.org)
JPSP is one of the journals analyzed in the Open Science Collaboration's Reproducibility Project after JPSP's publication of questionable research for mental time travel (Bem, 2011). (wikipedia.org)
A recently conducted survey by Nature [1] asked over 1500 scientists in an online questionnaire about the state of reproducibility in research. (qiagen.com)
Most importantly, a lack of quality control at various steps of your scientific research can lead to pure sloppy mistakes, non-standardization, and increasing reproducibility issues as highlighted in a similar Nature [2] news article. (qiagen.com)
Further, despite the significant negative economic impact associated with low reproducibility [ 14 ], there are only few studies that report the practicability and reproducibility of standardized scale-down microwell systems for complex applications in industrial biotechnology research. (biomedcentral.com)
The first results from the Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology suggest that there is scope for improving reproducibility in pre-clinical cancer research. (elifesciences.org)
Researchers at the Center for Open Science recently began their own analysis on reproducibility, specifically in cancer research projects . (asbmb.org)
Some efforts, like one led by the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, set the issue of reproducibility as the need for scientists to be transparent, careful, diligent about recordkeeping, and mindful of reducing potential pitfalls, such as confirmation bias and poor study design, while conducting research. (asbmb.org)
Agreement of research results repeated. (oercommons.org)
The aim of this paper is to describe a public open-access (Computed Tomography) CT phantoms image set acquired at three centers and collected especially for radiomics reproducibility research. (bioportfolio.com)

Priming may have affected our results, but the use of a combined task, in which naming is paired with noun generation, improves the reproducibility of activations and is also suitable for IOM. (ajnr.org)

We believe that the sharing of data is essential to scientific transparency and reproducibility, and the work of our center will extend the OpenfMRI project to encompass a complete online data analysis and sharing platform. (insidehpc.com)
One unique aspect of this reproducibility effort is its transparency. (asbmb.org)

In the process, the ICC reflects the reproducibility of quantitative results over the entire measuring range (4). (b3cnewswire.com)
The first study arm examined the comparability of quantitative marker results (40-ΔΔ Cq values) between the ten sites. (b3cnewswire.com)
Finally, this study shows the need for objective quantitative diagnostic tests that could result from present work, based for instance on the molecular biology of cancers (i.e. gene expression, etc. (thyroidmanager.org)
However, questions remain whether the tractography results reflect true neuroanatomical details and are sufficiently reproducible to be used as a tool for quantitative analyses. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

Reproducibility, interobserver, and intraobserver variabilities were assessed and compared by the Bland-Altman method. (onlinejacc.org)

The second panel on reporting scientific results and sharing scientific study data was moderated by Victoria Stodden (University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign) and included the following panelists: Keith Baggerly (MD Anderson Cancer Center), Ronald Boisvert (Association for Computing Machinery and National Institute of Standards and Technology), Randy LeVeque (Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics and University of Washington), and Marcia McNutt ( Science magazine). (nap.edu)

UMMS recently received an administrative supplement to redesign our rigor and reproducibility curriculum for trainees. (umassmed.edu)

I plan to discuss how these ideas play into good reproducible science and how one should program to guarantee reproducibility. (wordpress.com)

Examining your sample's integrity and removing degraded samples from your sample pool greatly contributes to standardization of your results. (qiagen.com)

Horrigan SK, Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology. (elifesciences.org)

Multicenter CT phantoms public dataset for radiomics reproducibility tests. (bioportfolio.com)

How replicable are statistically significant results in social psychology? (wikipedia.org)

Both approaches suffer from a similar problem-negative results, experiments that don't work and failed replications are very difficult to interpret. (sspnet.org)
Reproducibility of carefully documented experiments is a cornerstone of the scientific method, and yet is often lacking in computational mathematics, science, and engineering. (brown.edu)
Perhaps surprisingly, the overwhelming majority of respondents to the Nature survey cited a better understanding of statistics as the number one thing that would enable better reproducibility in experiments. (extremetech.com)
It might seem simplistic, but the one thing scientists agreed on in chorus was that it's time to start building reproducibility steps into experiments during the planning phase. (extremetech.com)

In reproducibility correlation coefficients ranged from 0.36 (polyunsaturated fat) to 0.69 (calcium), and weighted kappa exceeded 0.40 for 80% of the nutrients. (scielosp.org)

Although there is substantial experimental evidence supporting the use of ceMRI to detect infarction, 1-4 ⇓ ⇓ ⇓ the reproducibility of ceMRI in a clinical setting has not been established, nor has the utility of this approach been compared with that of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging. (ahajournals.org)
and reproducibility of experimental results. (ouhsc.edu)
Ideally, an experiment or analysis should be described in sufficient detail that other scientists with sufficient skills and means can follow the steps described in published work and obtain the same results within the margins of experimental error. (frontiersin.org)
There's an endless stream of claims, and so much of it turns out to be vaporware, based on experimental results that got way overblown once they entered the media echo chamber. (extremetech.com)

The results were subsequently analyzed for their reproducibility both between the institutes (inter-site) and within each institute (intra-site). (b3cnewswire.com)

Reproducibility can occur across different realms-numerical, empirical, computational and statistical-and may be analytical, direct, systematic or conceptual. (nsf.gov)

Anatomy10

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs12

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment117

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes11

Disciplines and Occupations8

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Humanities1

Information Science19

Named Groups1

Health Care26

Geographicals1

Highly sensitive quantitation of methamphetamine by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay using a new europium chelate as a label. (1/49462)

Urinary lithium: distribution shape, reference values, and evaluation of exposure by inductively coupled plasma argon-emission spectrometry. (2/49462)

Transient and permanent deficits in motion perception after lesions of cortical areas MT and MST in the macaque monkey. (3/49462)

Comparative efficacy of positron emission tomography with FDG and computed tomographic scanning in preoperative staging of non-small cell lung cancer. (4/49462)

Permanent work incapacity, mortality and survival without work incapacity among occupations and social classes: a cohort study of ageing men in Geneva. (5/49462)

A method for calculating age-weighted death proportions for comparison purposes. (6/49462)

Comparison of active and cancer registry-based follow-up for breast cancer in a prospective cohort study. (7/49462)

Reliability of information on physical activity and other chronic disease risk factors among US women aged 40 years or older. (8/49462)

Reproducibility of Results

Observer Variation

Sensitivity and Specificity

Image Processing, Computer-Assisted

Reference Standards

Imaging, Three-Dimensional

Quality Control

Laboratories

Reference Values

Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted

Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological

Evaluation Studies as Topic

Calibration

Automation

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Algorithms

Tomography, Optical Coherence

Image Enhancement

Photography

Reagent Kits, Diagnostic

Time Factors

Translations

Analysis of Variance

Equipment Design

Predictive Value of Tests

Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted

Blood Flow Velocity

Respiratory-Gated Imaging Techniques

Feasibility Studies

Phantoms, Imaging

Anatomic Landmarks

Software

Diet Records

Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis

Questionnaires

Specimen Handling

Prospective Studies

Electrophoresis, Capillary

Automation, Laboratory

Diet Surveys

Methods

Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Gene Expression Profiling

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid

Contrast Media

Nerve Fibers

Pathology, Clinical

Language

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Clinical Laboratory Techniques

Glaucoma

Brain

Optic Disk

Limit of Detection

Photogrammetry

Chromatography, Liquid

Autoanalysis

Tomography

Radiopharmaceuticals

Capillary Electrochromatography

Corneal Pachymetry

Mass Spectrometry

Cephalometry

Knee Joint

Laboratory Proficiency Testing

Positron-Emission Tomography

Data Interpretation, Statistical

Linear Models

Statistics as Topic

Blood Chemical Analysis

Pathology

Chemistry Techniques, Analytical

Head

Proteomics

Equipment Failure Analysis

Ultrasonography, Doppler

Radiography, Dental, Digital

Biological Markers

Biosensing Techniques

Tonometry, Ocular