Regeneration. Medical search

The physiological renewal, repair, or replacement of tissue.

Renewal or physiological repair of damaged nerve tissue.

Repair or renewal of hepatic tissue.

Renewal or repair of lost bone tissue. It excludes BONY CALLUS formed after BONE FRACTURES but not yet replaced by hard bone.

Procedures for enhancing and directing tissue repair and renewal processes, such as BONE REGENERATION; NERVE REGENERATION; etc. They involve surgically implanting growth conducive tracks or conduits (TISSUE SCAFFOLDING) at the damaged site to stimulate and control the location of cell repopulation. The tracks or conduits are made from synthetic and/or natural materials and may include support cells and induction factors for CELL GROWTH PROCESSES; or CELL MIGRATION.

Nonparasitic free-living flatworms of the class Turbellaria. The most common genera are Dugesia, formerly Planaria, which lives in water, and Bipalium, which lives on land. Geoplana occurs in South America and California.

Excision of all or part of the liver. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Nerve fibers that are capable of rapidly conducting impulses away from the neuron cell body.

A family of Urodela consisting of 15 living genera and about 42 species and occurring in North America, Europe, Asia, and North Africa.

A salamander found in Mexican mountain lakes and accounting for about 30 percent of the urodeles used in research. The axolotl remains in larval form throughout its life, a phenomenon known as neoteny.

The farthest or outermost projections of the body, such as the HAND and FOOT.

Treatment of muscles and nerves under pressure as a result of crush injuries.

Relatively undifferentiated cells that retain the ability to divide and proliferate throughout postnatal life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.

A species of newt in the Salamandridae family in which the larvae transform into terrestrial eft stage and later into an aquatic adult. They occur from Canada to southern United States. Viridescens refers to the greenish color often found in this species.

Membranous appendage of fish and other aquatic organisms used for locomotion or balance.

Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue.

Generating tissue in vitro for clinical applications, such as replacing wounded tissues or impaired organs. The use of TISSUE SCAFFOLDING enables the generation of complex multi-layered tissues and tissue structures.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

Cell growth support structures composed of BIOCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS. They are specially designed solid support matrices for cell attachment in TISSUE ENGINEERING and GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION uses.

Elongated, spindle-shaped, quiescent myoblasts lying in close contact with adult skeletal muscle. They are thought to play a role in muscle repair and regeneration.

All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.

Repair of the damaged neuron function after SPINAL CORD INJURY or SPINAL CORD DISEASES.

A nerve which originates in the lumbar and sacral spinal cord (L4 to S3) and supplies motor and sensory innervation to the lower extremity. The sciatic nerve, which is the main continuation of the sacral plexus, is the largest nerve in the body. It has two major branches, the TIBIAL NERVE and the PERONEAL NERVE.

Transection or severing of an axon. This type of denervation is used often in experimental studies on neuronal physiology and neuronal death or survival, toward an understanding of nervous system disease.

An exotic species of the family CYPRINIDAE, originally from Asia, that has been introduced in North America. They are used in embryological studies and to study the effects of certain chemicals on development.

The nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, including the autonomic, cranial, and spinal nerves. Peripheral nerves contain non-neuronal cells and connective tissue as well as axons. The connective tissue layers include, from the outside to the inside, the epineurium, the perineurium, and the endoneurium.

Neuroglial cells of the peripheral nervous system which form the insulating myelin sheaths of peripheral axons.

A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.

A field of medicine concerned with developing and using strategies aimed at repair or replacement of damaged, diseased, or metabolically deficient organs, tissues, and cells via TISSUE ENGINEERING; CELL TRANSPLANTATION; and ARTIFICIAL ORGANS and BIOARTIFICIAL ORGANS and tissues.

The main structural component of the LIVER. They are specialized EPITHELIAL CELLS that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules.

A class of free-living freshwater flatworms of North America.

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

An order of the Amphibia class which includes salamanders and newts. They are characterized by usually having slim bodies and tails, four limbs of about equal size (except in Sirenidae), and a reduction in skull bones.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Injuries to the PERIPHERAL NERVES.

Most abundant proteins in COBRA venom; basic polypeptides of 57 to 62 amino acids with four disulfide bonds and a molecular weight of less than 7000; causes skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction, interferes with neuromuscular and ganglionic transmission, depolarizes nerve, muscle and blood cell membranes, thus causing hemolysis.

Synthetic or natural materials, other than DRUGS, that are used to replace or repair any body TISSUES or bodily function.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

In tissue culture, hairlike projections of neurons stimulated by growth factors and other molecules. These projections may go on to form a branched tree of dendrites or a single axon or they may be reabsorbed at a later stage of development. "Neurite" may refer to any filamentous or pointed outgrowth of an embryonal or tissue-culture neural cell.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g., WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.).

Agents that have a damaging effect on the HEART. Such damage can occur from ALKYLATING AGENTS; FREE RADICALS; or metabolites from OXIDATIVE STRESS and in some cases is countered by CARDIOTONIC AGENTS. Induction of LONG QT SYNDROME or TORSADES DE POINTES has been the reason for viewing some drugs as cardiotoxins.

Embryonic (precursor) cells of the myogenic lineage that develop from the MESODERM. They undergo proliferation, migrate to their various sites, and then differentiate into the appropriate form of myocytes (MYOCYTES, SKELETAL; MYOCYTES, CARDIAC; MYOCYTES, SMOOTH MUSCLE).

Disease or damage involving the SCIATIC NERVE, which divides into the PERONEAL NERVE and TIBIAL NERVE (see also PERONEAL NEUROPATHIES and TIBIAL NEUROPATHY). Clinical manifestations may include SCIATICA or pain localized to the hip, PARESIS or PARALYSIS of posterior thigh muscles and muscles innervated by the peroneal and tibial nerves, and sensory loss involving the lateral and posterior thigh, posterior and lateral leg, and sole of the foot. The sciatic nerve may be affected by trauma; ISCHEMIA; COLLAGEN DISEASES; and other conditions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1363)

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

The 2nd cranial nerve which conveys visual information from the RETINA to the brain. The nerve carries the axons of the RETINAL GANGLION CELLS which sort at the OPTIC CHIASM and continue via the OPTIC TRACTS to the brain. The largest projection is to the lateral geniculate nuclei; other targets include the SUPERIOR COLLICULI and the SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEI. Though known as the second cranial nerve, it is considered part of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

A nervous tissue specific protein which is highly expressed in NEURONS during development and NERVE REGENERATION. It has been implicated in neurite outgrowth, long-term potentiation, SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION, and NEUROTRANSMITTER release. (From Neurotoxicology 1994;15(1):41-7) It is also a substrate of PROTEIN KINASE C.

The transfer of STEM CELLS from one individual to another within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or between species (XENOTRANSPLANTATION), or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS). The source and location of the stem cells determines their potency or pluripotency to differentiate into various cell types.

A partial or complete return to the normal or proper physiologic activity of an organ or part following disease or trauma.

Non-human animals, selected because of specific characteristics, for use in experimental research, teaching, or testing.

Developmental events leading to the formation of adult muscular system, which includes differentiation of the various types of muscle cell precursors, migration of myoblasts, activation of myogenesis and development of muscle anchorage.

A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.

The lipid-rich sheath surrounding AXONS in both the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS and PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. The myelin sheath is an electrical insulator and allows faster and more energetically efficient conduction of impulses. The sheath is formed by the cell membranes of glial cells (SCHWANN CELLS in the peripheral and OLIGODENDROGLIA in the central nervous system). Deterioration of the sheath in DEMYELINATING DISEASES is a serious clinical problem.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

A genus of large SEA CUCUMBERS in the family Holothuriidae possessing thick body walls, a warty body surface, and microscopic ossicles.

The fibrous CONNECTIVE TISSUE surrounding the TOOTH ROOT, separating it from and attaching it to the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS).

Bone-marrow-derived, non-hematopoietic cells that support HEMATOPOETIC STEM CELLS. They have also been isolated from other organs and tissues such as UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD, umbilical vein subendothelium, and WHARTON JELLY. These cells are considered to be a source of multipotent stem cells because they include subpopulations of mesenchymal stem cells.

The process of bone formation. Histogenesis of bone including ossification.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

ANIMALS whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING, or their offspring.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Cells with high proliferative and self renewal capacities derived from adults.

A genus of the Ambystomatidae family. The best known species are the axolotl AMBYSTOMA MEXICANUM and the closely related tiger salamander Ambystoma tigrinum. They may retain gills and remain aquatic without developing all of the adult characteristics. However, under proper changes in the environment they metamorphose.

A paired box transcription factor that is involved in EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and SKELETAL MUSCLE.

Injuries to the optic nerve induced by a trauma to the face or head. These may occur with closed or penetrating injuries. Relatively minor compression of the superior aspect of orbit may also result in trauma to the optic nerve. Clinical manifestations may include visual loss, PAPILLEDEMA, and an afferent pupillary defect.

Proteins obtained from the ZEBRAFISH. Many of the proteins in this species have been the subject of studies involving basic embryological development (EMBRYOLOGY).

A technique that localizes specific nucleic acid sequences within intact chromosomes, eukaryotic cells, or bacterial cells through the use of specific nucleic acid-labeled probes.

Transference of cells within an individual, between individuals of the same species, or between individuals of different species.

A reverse developmental process in which terminally differentiated cells with specialized functions revert back to a less differentiated stage within their own CELL LINEAGE.

Precursor cells destined to differentiate into skeletal myocytes (MYOCYTES, SKELETAL).

MYELIN-specific proteins that play a structural or regulatory role in the genesis and maintenance of the lamellar MYELIN SHEATH structure.

A front limb of a quadruped. (The Random House College Dictionary, 1980)

Synthetic or natural materials for the replacement of bones or bone tissue. They include hard tissue replacement polymers, natural coral, hydroxyapatite, beta-tricalcium phosphate, and various other biomaterials. The bone substitutes as inert materials can be incorporated into surrounding tissue or gradually replaced by original tissue.

Sensory ganglia located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column. The spinal ganglion cells are pseudounipolar. The single primary branch bifurcates sending a peripheral process to carry sensory information from the periphery and a central branch which relays that information to the spinal cord or brain.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

Sensory cells in the organ of Corti, characterized by their apical stereocilia (hair-like projections). The inner and outer hair cells, as defined by their proximity to the core of spongy bone (the modiolus), change morphologically along the COCHLEA. Towards the cochlear apex, the length of hair cell bodies and their apical STEREOCILIA increase, allowing differential responses to various frequencies of sound.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

The developmental history of specific differentiated cell types as traced back to the original STEM CELLS in the embryo.

An enzyme that catalyzes the eliminative degradation of polysaccharides containing 1,4-beta-D-hexosaminyl and 1,3-beta-D-glucuronosyl or 1,3-alpha-L-iduronosyl linkages to disaccharides containing 4-deoxy-beta-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl groups. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992)

Implants constructed of materials designed to be absorbed by the body without producing an immune response. They are usually composed of plastics and are frequently used in orthopedics and orthodontics.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

The horn of an animal of the deer family, typically present only in the male. It differs from the HORNS of other animals in being a solid, generally branched bony outgrowth that is shed and renewed annually. The word antler comes from the Latin anteocularis, ante (before) + oculus (eye). (From Webster, 3d ed)

Transfer of MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS between individuals within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS).

A naturally occurring phenomenon where terminally differentiated cells dedifferentiate to the point where they can switch CELL LINEAGES. The cells then differentiate into other cell types.

Common name for Carassius auratus, a type of carp (CARPS).

Multifunctional growth factor which regulates both cell growth and cell motility. It exerts a strong mitogenic effect on hepatocytes and primary epithelial cells. Its receptor is PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-MET.

The fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING.

Large, multinucleate single cells, either cylindrical or prismatic in shape, that form the basic unit of SKELETAL MUSCLE. They consist of MYOFIBRILS enclosed within and attached to the SARCOLEMMA. They are derived from the fusion of skeletal myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, SKELETAL) into a syncytium, followed by differentiation.

A cylindrical column of tissue that lies within the vertebral canal. It is composed of WHITE MATTER and GRAY MATTER.

Bulbous enlargement of the growing tip of nerve axons and dendrites. They are crucial to neuronal development because of their pathfinding ability and their role in synaptogenesis.

The development of new BLOOD VESSELS during the restoration of BLOOD CIRCULATION during the healing process.

Transference of tissue within an individual, between individuals of the same species, or between individuals of different species.

A myogenic regulatory factor that controls myogenesis. Though it is not clear how its function differs from the other myogenic regulatory factors, MyoD appears to be related to fusion and terminal differentiation of the muscle cell.

A strain of mice arising from a spontaneous MUTATION (mdx) in inbred C57BL mice. This mutation is X chromosome-linked and produces viable homozygous animals that lack the muscle protein DYSTROPHIN, have high serum levels of muscle ENZYMES, and possess histological lesions similar to human MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY. The histological features, linkage, and map position of mdx make these mice a worthy animal model of DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY.

Submicron-sized fibers with diameters typically between 50 and 500 nanometers. The very small dimension of these fibers can generate a high surface area to volume ratio, which makes them potential candidates for various biomedical and other applications.

Wormlike or grublike stage, following the egg in the life cycle of insects, worms, and other metamorphosing animals.

A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Degeneration of distal aspects of a nerve axon following injury to the cell body or proximal portion of the axon. The process is characterized by fragmentation of the axon and its MYELIN SHEATH.

The functions of the skin in the human and animal body. It includes the pigmentation of the skin.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

Nuclear antigen with a role in DNA synthesis, DNA repair, and cell cycle progression. PCNA is required for the coordinated synthesis of both leading and lagging strands at the replication fork during DNA replication. PCNA expression correlates with the proliferation activity of several malignant and non-malignant cell types.

The bonelike rigid connective tissue covering the root of a tooth from the cementoenamel junction to the apex and lining the apex of the root canal, also assisting in tooth support by serving as attachment structures for the periodontal ligament. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)

A potent osteoinductive protein that plays a critical role in the differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells into OSTEOBLASTS.

The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

The main information-processing organs of the nervous system, consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges.

Calcium salts of phosphoric acid. These compounds are frequently used as calcium supplements.

A biocompatible polymer used as a surgical suture material.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Traumatic injuries to the facial nerve. This may result in FACIAL PARALYSIS, decreased lacrimation and salivation, and loss of taste sensation in the anterior tongue. The nerve may regenerate and reform its original pattern of innervation, or regenerate aberrantly, resulting in inappropriate lacrimation in response to gustatory stimuli (e.g., "crocodile tears") and other syndromes.

The number of CELLS of a specific kind, usually measured per unit volume or area of sample.

A tube-like invagination of the EPIDERMIS from which the hair shaft develops and into which SEBACEOUS GLANDS open. The hair follicle is lined by a cellular inner and outer root sheath of epidermal origin and is invested with a fibrous sheath derived from the dermis. (Stedman, 26th ed) Follicles of very long hairs extend into the subcutaneous layer of tissue under the SKIN.

The resection or removal of the nerve to an organ or part. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Wnt proteins are a large family of secreted glycoproteins that play essential roles in EMBRYONIC AND FETAL DEVELOPMENT, and tissue maintenance. They bind to FRIZZLED RECEPTORS and act as PARACRINE PROTEIN FACTORS to initiate a variety of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS. The canonical Wnt signaling pathway stabilizes the transcriptional coactivator BETA CATENIN.

The upper part of the human body, or the front or upper part of the body of an animal, typically separated from the rest of the body by a neck, and containing the brain, mouth, and sense organs.

Protein analogs and derivatives of the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein that emit light (FLUORESCENCE) when excited with ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They are used in REPORTER GENES in doing GENETIC TECHNIQUES. Numerous mutants have been made to emit other colors or be sensitive to pH.

A genus of aquatic newts belonging to the family Salamandridae and sometimes referred to as "spiny" tritons. There are two species P. waltlii and P. poireti. P. waltlii is commonly used in the laboratory. Since this genus adapts to aquarium living, it is easy to maintain in laboratories.

The non-neuronal cells of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu, participate in the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER and BLOOD-RETINAL BARRIER, form the myelin insulation of nervous pathways, guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. Neuroglia have high-affinity transmitter uptake systems, voltage-dependent and transmitter-gated ion channels, and can release transmitters, but their role in signaling (as in many other functions) is unclear.

A technique for maintaining or growing TISSUE in vitro, usually by DIFFUSION, perifusion, or PERFUSION. The tissue is cultured directly after removal from the host without being dispersed for cell culture.

A meshwork-like substance found within the extracellular space and in association with the basement membrane of the cell surface. It promotes cellular proliferation and provides a supporting structure to which cells or cell lysates in culture dishes adhere.

The removal of a limb or other appendage or outgrowth of the body. (Dorland, 28th ed)

The structures surrounding and supporting the tooth. Periodontium includes the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, and the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.

A preparation consisting of PLATELETS concentrated in a limited volume of PLASMA. This is used in various surgical tissue regeneration procedures where the GROWTH FACTORS in the platelets enhance wound healing and regeneration.

The ten-layered nervous tissue membrane of the eye. It is continuous with the OPTIC NERVE and receives images of external objects and transmits visual impulses to the brain. Its outer surface is in contact with the CHOROID and the inner surface with the VITREOUS BODY. The outer-most layer is pigmented, whereas the inner nine layers are transparent.

Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.

Differentiated tissue of the central nervous system composed of NERVE CELLS, fibers, DENDRITES, and specialized supporting cells.

The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.

A class of Echinodermata characterized by long, slender bodies.

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

Artificial substitutes for body parts and materials inserted into organisms during experimental studies.

A transparent, biconvex structure of the EYE, enclosed in a capsule and situated behind the IRIS and in front of the vitreous humor (VITREOUS BODY). It is slightly overlapped at its margin by the ciliary processes. Adaptation by the CILIARY BODY is crucial for OCULAR ACCOMMODATION.

Condition of having pores or open spaces. This often refers to bones, bone implants, or bone cements, but can refer to the porous state of any solid substance.

Either of two extremities of four-footed non-primate land animals. It usually consists of a FEMUR; TIBIA; and FIBULA; tarsals; METATARSALS; and TOES. (From Storer et al., General Zoology, 6th ed, p73)

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Specialized stem cells that are committed to give rise to cells that have a particular function; examples are MYOBLASTS; MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS; and skin stem cells. (Stem Cells: A Primer [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health (US); 2000 May [cited 2002 Apr 5]. Available from: http://www.nih.gov/news/stemcell/primer.htm)

Cells contained in the bone marrow including fat cells (see ADIPOCYTES); STROMAL CELLS; MEGAKARYOCYTES; and the immediate precursors of most blood cells.

X-RAY COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY with resolution in the micrometer range.

A class of annelid worms with few setae per segment. It includes the earthworms such as Lumbricus and Eisenia.

The nervous system outside of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system has autonomic and somatic divisions. The autonomic nervous system includes the enteric, parasympathetic, and sympathetic subdivisions. The somatic nervous system includes the cranial and spinal nerves and their ganglia and the peripheral sensory receptors.

Neurons of the innermost layer of the retina, the internal plexiform layer. They are of variable sizes and shapes, and their axons project via the OPTIC NERVE to the brain. A small subset of these cells act as photoreceptors with projections to the SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS, the center for regulating CIRCADIAN RHYTHM.

A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

A richly vascularized and innervated connective tissue of mesodermal origin, contained in the central cavity of a tooth and delimited by the dentin, and having formative, nutritive, sensory, and protective functions. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)

Reconstitution of eroded or injured EPITHELIUM by proliferation and migration of EPITHELIAL CELLS from below or adjacent to the damaged site.

STILBENES with AMIDINES attached.

Polymers of organic acids and alcohols, with ester linkages--usually polyethylene terephthalate; can be cured into hard plastic, films or tapes, or fibers which can be woven into fabrics, meshes or velours.

A phylum of acoelomate, bilaterally symmetrical flatworms, without a definite anus. It includes three classes: Cestoda, Turbellaria, and Trematoda.

A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed)

Water swollen, rigid, 3-dimensional network of cross-linked, hydrophilic macromolecules, 20-95% water. They are used in paints, printing inks, foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Two membranous sacs within the vestibular labyrinth of the INNER EAR. The saccule communicates with COCHLEAR DUCT through the ductus reuniens, and communicates with utricle through the utriculosaccular duct from which the ENDOLYMPHATIC DUCT arises. The utricle and saccule have sensory areas (acoustic maculae) which are innervated by the VESTIBULAR NERVE.

The formation of DENTAL CEMENTUM, a bone-like material that covers the root of the tooth.

The SKELETON of the HEAD including the FACIAL BONES and the bones enclosing the BRAIN.

Proteins encoded by homeobox genes (GENES, HOMEOBOX) that exhibit structural similarity to certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins. Homeodomain proteins are involved in the control of gene expression during morphogenesis and development (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL).

A myogenic regulatory factor that controls myogenesis. Myogenin is induced during differentiation of every skeletal muscle cell line that has been investigated, in contrast to the other myogenic regulatory factors that only appear in certain cell types.

The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.

The development of anatomical structures to create the form of a single- or multi-cell organism. Morphogenesis provides form changes of a part, parts, or the whole organism.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

Regulatory proteins and peptides that are signaling molecules involved in the process of PARACRINE COMMUNICATION. They are generally considered factors that are expressed by one cell and are responded to by receptors on another nearby cell. They are distinguished from HORMONES in that their actions are local rather than distal.

The 7th cranial nerve. The facial nerve has two parts, the larger motor root which may be called the facial nerve proper, and the smaller intermediate or sensory root. Together they provide efferent innervation to the muscles of facial expression and to the lacrimal and SALIVARY GLANDS, and convey afferent information for TASTE from the anterior two-thirds of the TONGUE and for TOUCH from the EXTERNAL EAR.

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

The mineral component of bones and teeth; it has been used therapeutically as a prosthetic aid and in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

The process of embryo initiation in culture from vegetative, non-gametic, sporophytic, or somatic plant cells.

Bone-growth regulatory factors that are members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily of proteins. They are synthesized as large precursor molecules which are cleaved by proteolytic enzymes. The active form can consist of a dimer of two identical proteins or a heterodimer of two related bone morphogenetic proteins.

The formation of cartilage. This process is directed by CHONDROCYTES which continually divide and lay down matrix during development. It is sometimes a precursor to OSTEOGENESIS.

The protoplasm and plasma membrane of plant, fungal, bacterial or archaeon cells without the CELL WALL.

A particular zone of tissue composed of a specialized microenvironment where stem cells are retained in a undifferentiated, self-renewable state.

A myelin protein found in the periaxonal membrane of both the central and peripheral nervous systems myelin sheaths. It binds to cells surface receptors found on AXONS and may regulate cellular interactions between MYELIN and AXONS.

Therapies that involve the TRANSPLANTATION of CELLS or TISSUES developed for the purpose of restoring the function of diseased or dysfunctional cells or tissues.

A phylum of the most familiar marine invertebrates. Its class Stelleroidea contains two subclasses, the Asteroidea (the STARFISH or sea stars) and the Ophiuroidea (the brittle stars, also called basket stars and serpent stars). There are 1500 described species of STARFISH found throughout the world. The second class, Echinoidea, contains about 950 species of SEA URCHINS, heart urchins, and sand dollars. A third class, Holothuroidea, comprises about 900 echinoderms known as SEA CUCUMBERS. Echinoderms are used extensively in biological research. (From Barnes, Invertebrate Zoology, 5th ed, pp773-826)

The processes occurring in early development that direct morphogenesis. They specify the body plan ensuring that cells will proceed to differentiate, grow, and diversify in size and shape at the correct relative positions. Included are axial patterning, segmentation, compartment specification, limb position, organ boundary patterning, blood vessel patterning, etc.

Methods for maintaining or growing CELLS in vitro.

A layer of vascularized connective tissue underneath the EPIDERMIS. The surface of the dermis contains innervated papillae. Embedded in or beneath the dermis are SWEAT GLANDS; HAIR FOLLICLES; and SEBACEOUS GLANDS.

The external, nonvascular layer of the skin. It is made up, from within outward, of five layers of EPITHELIUM: (1) basal layer (stratum basale epidermidis); (2) spinous layer (stratum spinosum epidermidis); (3) granular layer (stratum granulosum epidermidis); (4) clear layer (stratum lucidum epidermidis); and (5) horny layer (stratum corneum epidermidis).

A family of small polypeptide growth factors that share several common features including a strong affinity for HEPARIN, and a central barrel-shaped core region of 140 amino acids that is highly homologous between family members. Although originally studied as proteins that stimulate the growth of fibroblasts this distinction is no longer a requirement for membership in the fibroblast growth factor family.

The proteinaceous component of the pancreatic stone in patients with PANCREATITIS.

A signal transducer and activator of transcription that mediates cellular responses to INTERLEUKIN-6 family members. STAT3 is constitutively activated in a variety of TUMORS and is a major downstream transducer for the CYTOKINE RECEPTOR GP130.

Cells forming a framework supporting the sensory AUDITORY HAIR CELLS in the organ of Corti. Lateral to the medial inner hair cells, there are inner pillar cells, outer pillar cells, Deiters cells, Hensens cells, Claudius cells, Boettchers cells, and others.

Factors which enhance the growth potentialities of sensory and sympathetic nerve cells.

Striated muscle cells found in the heart. They are derived from cardiac myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, CARDIAC).

Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.

Neurons which activate MUSCLE CELLS.

Photosensitive protein complexes of varied light absorption properties which are expressed in the PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS. They are OPSINS conjugated with VITAMIN A-based chromophores. Chromophores capture photons of light, leading to the activation of opsins and a biochemical cascade that ultimately excites the photoreceptor cells.

VERTEBRATES belonging to the class amphibia such as frogs, toads, newts and salamanders that live in a semiaquatic environment.

A complex signaling pathway whose name is derived from the DROSOPHILA Wg gene, which when mutated results in the wingless phenotype, and the vertebrate INT gene, which is located near integration sites of MOUSE MAMMARY TUMOR VIRUS. The signaling pathway is initiated by the binding of WNT PROTEINS to cells surface WNT RECEPTORS which interact with the AXIN SIGNALING COMPLEX and an array of second messengers that influence the actions of BETA CATENIN.

Specialized afferent neurons capable of transducing sensory stimuli into NERVE IMPULSES to be transmitted to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Sometimes sensory receptors for external stimuli are called exteroceptors; for internal stimuli are called interoceptors and proprioceptors.

Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.

A purplish-red, light-sensitive pigment found in RETINAL ROD CELLS of most vertebrates. It is a complex consisting of a molecule of ROD OPSIN and a molecule of 11-cis retinal (RETINALDEHYDE). Rhodopsin exhibits peak absorption wavelength at about 500 nm.

A nodular organ in the ABDOMEN that contains a mixture of ENDOCRINE GLANDS and EXOCRINE GLANDS. The small endocrine portion consists of the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS secreting a number of hormones into the blood stream. The large exocrine portion (EXOCRINE PANCREAS) is a compound acinar gland that secretes several digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ductal system that empties into the DUODENUM.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

The testing of materials and devices, especially those used for PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; SUTURES; TISSUE ADHESIVES; etc., for hardness, strength, durability, safety, efficacy, and biocompatibility.

An X-linked recessive muscle disease caused by an inability to synthesize DYSTROPHIN, which is involved with maintaining the integrity of the sarcolemma. Muscle fibers undergo a process that features degeneration and regeneration. Clinical manifestations include proximal weakness in the first few years of life, pseudohypertrophy, cardiomyopathy (see MYOCARDIAL DISEASES), and an increased incidence of impaired mentation. Becker muscular dystrophy is a closely related condition featuring a later onset of disease (usually adolescence) and a slowly progressive course. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1415)

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

A carotenoid constituent of visual pigments. It is the oxidized form of retinol which functions as the active component of the visual cycle. It is bound to the protein opsin forming the complex rhodopsin. When stimulated by visible light, the retinal component of the rhodopsin complex undergoes isomerization at the 11-position of the double bond to the cis-form; this is reversed in "dark" reactions to return to the native trans-configuration.

A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principle cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX.

Reduced differentiation potential of primary MyoD-/- myogenic cells derived from adult skeletal muscle. (1/5339)

To gain insight into the regeneration deficit of MyoD-/- muscle, we investigated the growth and differentiation of cultured MyoD-/- myogenic cells. Primary MyoD-/- myogenic cells exhibited a stellate morphology distinct from the compact morphology of wild-type myoblasts, and expressed c-met, a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed in satellite cells. However, MyoD-/- myogenic cells did not express desmin, an intermediate filament protein typically expressed in cultured myoblasts in vitro and myogenic precursor cells in vivo. Northern analysis indicated that proliferating MyoD-/- myogenic cells expressed fourfold higher levels of Myf-5 and sixfold higher levels of PEA3, an ETS-domain transcription factor expressed in newly activated satellite cells. Under conditions that normally induce differentiation, MyoD-/- cells continued to proliferate and with delayed kinetics yielded reduced numbers of predominantly mononuclear myocytes. Northern analysis revealed delayed induction of myogenin, MRF4, and other differentiation-specific markers although p21 was upregulated normally. Expression of M-cadherin mRNA was severely decreased whereas expression of IGF-1 was markedly increased in MyoD-/- myogenic cells. Mixing of lacZ-labeled MyoD-/- cells and wild-type myoblasts revealed a strict autonomy in differentiation potential. Transfection of a MyoD-expression cassette restored cytomorphology and rescued the differentiation deficit. We interpret these data to suggest that MyoD-/- myogenic cells represent an intermediate stage between a quiescent satellite cell and a myogenic precursor cell. (+info)

Lack of regulation in the heart forming region of avian embryos. (2/5339)

The ability to regenerate a heart after ablation of cardiogenic mesoderm has been demonstrated in early stage fish and amphibian embryos but this type of regulation of the heart field has not been seen in avians or mammals. The regulative potential of the cardiogenic mesoderm was examined in avian embryos and related to the spatial expression of genes implicated in early cardiogenesis. With the identification of early cardiac regulators such as bmp-2 and nkx-2.5, it is now possible to reconcile classical embryological studies with molecular mechanisms of cardiac lineage determination in vivo. The most anterior lateral embryonic cells were identified as the region that becomes the heart and removal of all or any subset of these cells resulted in the loss of corresponding cardiac structures. In addition, removal of the lateral heart forming mesoderm while leaving the lateral endoderm intact also results in loss of cardiac structures. Thus the medial anterior mesoderm cannot be recruited into the heart lineage in vivo even in the presence of potentially cardiac inducing endoderm. In situ analysis demonstrated that genes involved in early events of cardiogenesis such as bone morphogenetic protein 2 (bmp-2) and nkx-2.5 are expressed coincidentally with the mapped far lateral heart forming region. The activin type IIa receptor (actR-IIa) is a potential mediator of BMP signaling since it is expressed throughout the anterior mesoderm with the highest level of expression occurring in the lateral prospective heart cells. The posterior boundary of actR-IIa is consistent with the posterior boundary of nkx-2.5 expression, supporting a model whereby ActR-IIa is involved in restricting the heart forming region to an anterior subset of lateral cells exposed to BMP-2. Analysis of the cardiogenic potential of the lateral plate mesoderm posterior to nkx-2.5 and actR-IIa expression demonstrated that these cells are not cardiogenic in vitro and that removal of these cells from the embryo does not result in loss of heart tissue in vivo. Thus, the region of the avian embryo that will become the heart is defined medially, laterally, and posteriorly by nkx-2.5 gene expression. Removal of all or part of the nkx-2.5 expressing region results in the loss of corresponding heart structures, demonstrating the inability of the chick embryo to regenerate cardiac tissue in vivo at stages after nkx-2.5 expression is initiated. (+info)

Expression and developmental regulation of the Hydra-RFamide and Hydra-LWamide preprohormone genes in Hydra: evidence for transient phases of head formation. (3/5339)

Hydra magnipapillata has three distinct genes coding for preprohormones A, B, and C, each yielding a characteristic set of Hydra-RFamide (Arg-Phe-NH2) neuropeptides, and a fourth gene coding for a preprohormone that yields various Hydra-LWamide (Leu-Trp-NH2) neuropeptides. Using a whole-mount double-labeling in situ hybridization technique, we found that each of the four genes is specifically expressed in a different subset of neurons in the ectoderm of adult Hydra. The preprohormone A gene is expressed in neurons of the tentacles, hypostome (a region between tentacles and mouth opening), upper gastric region, and peduncle (an area just above the foot). The preprohormone B gene is exclusively expressed in neurons of the hypostome, whereas the preprohormone C gene is exclusively expressed in neurons of the tentacles. The Hydra-LWamide preprohormone gene is expressed in neurons located in all parts of Hydra with maxima in tentacles, hypostome, and basal disk (foot). Studies on animals regenerating a head showed that the prepro-Hydra-LWamide gene is expressed first, followed by the preprohormone A and subsequently the preprohormone C and the preprohormone B genes. This sequence of events could be explained by a model based on positional values in a morphogen gradient. Our head-regeneration experiments also give support for transient phases of head formation: first tentacle-specific preprohormone C neurons (frequently associated with a small tentacle bud) appear at the center of the regenerating tip, which they are then replaced by hypostome-specific preprohormone B neurons. Thus, the regenerating tip first attains a tentacle-like appearance and only later this tip develops into a hypostome. In a developing bud of Hydra, tentacle-specific preprohormone C neurons and hypostome-specific preprohormone B neurons appear about simultaneously in their correct positions, but during a later phase of head development, additional tentacle-specific preprohormone C neurons appear as a ring at the center of the hypostome and then disappear again. Nerve-free Hydra consisting of only epithelial cells do not express the preprohormone A, B, or C or the LWamide preprohormone genes. These animals, however, have a normal phenotype, showing that the preprohormone A, B, and C and the LWamide genes are not essential for the basic pattern formation of Hydra. (+info)

Immunocytochemical and morphological evidence for intracellular self-repair as an important contributor to mammalian hair cell recovery. (4/5339)

Although recent studies have provided evidence for hair cell regeneration in mammalian inner ears, the mechanism underlying this regenerative process is still under debate. Here we report immunocytochemical, histological, electron microscopic, and autoradiographic evidence that, in cultured postnatal rat utricles, a substantial number of hair cells can survive gentamicin insult even their stereocilia are lost. These partially damaged hair cells can survive for a prolonged time and regrow the stereocilia. Although the number of stereocilia-bearing hair cells increases over time after gentamicin insult, hair cell and supporting cell numbers remain essentially unchanged. Tritiated thymidine autoradiography and bromodeoxyuridine immunocytochemistry of the cultures demonstrate that cell proliferation in the sensory epithelium is very limited and is far below the number of recovered hair cells. Furthermore, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotinylated UTP nick end labeling analysis indicates that gentamicin-induced apoptosis in the sensory epithelium occurs mainly during a 2 d treatment period, and additional cell death is minimal 2-11 d after treatment. Considered together, intracellular repair of partially damaged hair cells can be an important contributor to spontaneous hair cell recovery in mammalian inner ears. (+info)

Alteration of endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations in porcine coronary arteries with regenerated endothelium. (5/5339)

The present study was designed to test the ability of regenerated endothelium to evoke endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations. Hyperpolarizations induced by serotonin and bradykinin were compared in isolated porcine coronary arteries with native or regenerated endothelium, 4 weeks after balloon endothelial denudation. The experiments were performed in the presence of inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase (Nomega-nitro-L-arginine) and cyclooxygenase (indomethacin). The transmembrane potential was measured using conventional glass microelectrodes. Smooth muscle cells from coronary arteries with regenerated endothelium were depolarized in comparison with control coronary arteries from the same hearts. Spontaneous membrane potential oscillations of small amplitude or spikes were observed in some of these arteries but never in arteries with native endothelium. In coronary arteries from control pigs, both serotonin and bradykinin induced concentration-dependent hyperpolarizations. In the presence of ketanserin, 10 micromol/L serotonin induced a transient hyperpolarization in control coronary arteries. Four weeks after balloon denudation, the response to serotonin was normal in arteries with native endothelium, but the hyperpolarization was significantly lower in coronary arteries with regenerated endothelium. In control arteries, the endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization obtained with bradykinin (30 nmol/L) was reproducible. Four weeks after balloon denudation, comparable hyperpolarizations were obtained in coronary arteries with native endothelium. By contrast, in arteries with regenerated endothelium, the hyperpolarization to bradykinin became voltage-dependent. In the most depolarized cells, the hyperpolarization to bradykinin was augmented. The changes in resting membrane potential and the alteration in endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations observed in the coronary arteries with regenerated endothelium may contribute to the reduced response to serotonin and the unchanged relaxation to bradykinin described previously. (+info)

The homeodomain protein IDX-1 increases after an early burst of proliferation during pancreatic regeneration. (6/5339)

Islet duodenal homeobox 1 (IDX-1/PF-1/STF-1/PDX-1), a homeodomain protein that transactivates the insulin promoter, has been shown by targeted gene ablation to be required for pancreatic development. After 90% pancreatectomy (Px), the adult pancreas regenerates in a process recapitulating embryonic development, starting with a burst of proliferation in the epithelium of the common pancreatic duct. In this model, IDX-1 mRNA was detected by semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in total RNA from isolated common pancreatic ducts at levels 10% of those of isolated islets. The IDX-1 mRNA levels were not significantly different for common pancreatic ducts of Px, sham Px, and unoperated rats and did not change with time after surgery. By immunoblot analysis, IDX-1 protein was only faintly detected in these ducts 1 and 7 days after Px or sham Px but was easily detected at 2 and 3 days after Px. Similarly, IDX-1 immunostaining was barely detectable in sham or unoperated ducts but was strong in ducts at 2-3 days after Px. The increase of IDX-1 immunostaining followed that of BrdU incorporation (proliferation). These results indicate a posttranscriptional regulation of the IDX-1 expression in ducts. In addition, islets isolated 3-7 d after Px showed higher IDX-1 protein expression than control islets. Thus, in pancreatic regeneration IDX-1 is upregulated in newly divided ductal cells as well as in islets. The timing of enhanced expression of IDX-1 implies that IDX-1 is not important in the initiation of regeneration but may be involved in the differentiation of ductal cells to beta-cells. (+info)

Hedgehog is required for activation of engrailed during regeneration of fragmented Drosophila imaginal discs. (7/5339)

Surgically fragmented Drosophila appendage primordia (imaginal discs) engage in wound healing and pattern regulation during short periods of in vivo culture. Prothoracic leg disc fragments possess exceptional regulative capacity, highlighted by the ability of anterior cells to convert to posterior identity and establish a novel posterior compartment. This anterior/posterior conversion violates developmental lineage restrictions essential for normal growth and patterning of the disc, and thus provides an ideal model for understanding how cells change fate during epimorphic pattern regulation. Here we present evidence that the secreted signal encoded by hedgehog directs anterior/posterior conversion by activating the posterior-specific transcription factor engrailed in regulating anterior cells. In the absence of hedgehog activity, prothoracic leg disc fragments fail to undergo anterior/posterior conversion, but can still regenerate missing anterior pattern elements. We suggest that hedgehog-independent regeneration within the anterior compartment (termed integration) is mediated by the positional cues encoded by wingless and decapentaplegic. Taken together, our results provide a novel mechanistic interpretation of imaginal disc pattern regulation and permit speculation that similar mechanisms could govern appendage regeneration in other organisms. (+info)

Transforming growth factor-beta-induced upregulation of transforming growth factor-beta receptor expression in pancreatic regeneration. (8/5339)

The transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta) signaling pathway is one important player in the regulation of extracellular matrix turnover and cell proliferation in epithelial regeneration. We used cerulein-induced pancreatitis in rats as a model to investigate the regulation of TGFbeta receptor type I and type II expression on protein and messenger RNA level during regeneration. In the regenerating pancreas, mRNA levels of TGFbeta receptor I and II were significantly increased with a maximum after 2 days. On protein level, expression of TGFbeta receptor II was significantly increased after three to 3-5 days. This elevated expression could be inhibited by neutralizing the endogenous biological activity of TGFbeta1 with a specific antibody. In cultured pancreatic epithelial cells, TGFbeta1 reduced cell proliferation as measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation. Furthermore the transcript levels of TGFbeta1 as well as mRNA and protein concentrations of type I and type II receptor increased during TGFbeta stimulation in vitro. These results indicate that epithelial pancreatic cells contribute to the enhanced TGFbeta1 synthesis during pancreatic regeneration by an autocrine mechanism. TGFbeta1, furthermore, upregulates the expression of its own receptors during the regenerative process, thereby contributing to the increase of the TGFbeta-induced cellular responses. (+info)

Fry toured the U.S. in the summer of 2008 with the Regeneration Tour 2008, a show that also featured the Human League as the ... Fry and Palmer (as ABC) toured the U.S. as part of the 2009 'Regeneration Tour', which also featured Terri Nunn of Berlin, Wang ... "Regeneration". Archived from the original on 7 October 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2016. "Credits". AllMusic. Retrieved 3 March ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Fry

Gilbert, E. A. B.; Delorme, S. L.; Vickaryous, M. K. (11 May 2015). "The regeneration blastema of lizards: an amniote model for ... the study of appendage replacement". Regeneration. 2 (2): 45-53. doi:10.1002/reg2.31. ISSN 2052-4412. PMC 4895314. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopard_gecko

During the time they served together, the men were friends, and Pat Barker's novel Regeneration is a fictionalization of their ... ISBN 978-0-7391-7152-3. Barker, Pat (1992). Regeneration. New York, United States: Dutton. pp. 53-4. ISBN 0525934278. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Intermediate_Sex

"Dr Camila Bassi , Staff , Regeneration , Planning, Regeneration and Housing , Sheffield Hallam University". Shu.ac.uk. Archived ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_and_College_Union

However, regeneration has attracted the most attention. Thomas Hunt Morgan was responsible for some of the first systematic ... The organism itself does not have to be completely cut into separate pieces for the regeneration phenomenon to be witnessed. In ... "Regeneration in S. mediterranea". Retrieved 2014-03-31. Kenk, R., 1972. Freshwater planarians (Turbellarians) of North America ... In asexual reproduction, the planarian detaches its tail end and each half regrows the lost parts by regeneration, allowing ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planarian

April 2017). "Planarian regeneration in space: Persistent anatomical, behavioral, and bacteriological changes induced by space ... Sluys R, Stocchino GA (August 2017). "Bipolarity in planarians is not induced by space travel". Regeneration. 4 (4): 153-155. ... travel". Regeneration. 4 (2): 85-102. doi:10.1002/reg2.79. PMC 5469732. PMID 28616247. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dugesia_japonica

Stocum, David L. (2017). "Mechanisms of urodele limb regeneration". Regeneration. 4 (4): 159-200. doi:10.1002/reg2.92. ISSN ... and regeneration proceeded.19 Similar studies have shown similar results in mouse digit tip regeneration. The Notch1 [8] ... A strong example of this is lens regeneration [10] in the newt. Across various vertebrate models that have been used to study ... In the context of regeneration, this environmental cue is damage or injury to a limb. Cell plasticity is closely related to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedifferentiation

"Regeneration". web.english.upenn.edu. Đurić, Vojislav J. (1991). Архиепископ Данило ИИ и његово доба: међународни научни скуп ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danilo's_student

Regeneration. Untitled Gallery, Sheffield, 1989. Borderland. Manor Gallery, Carlisle, Cumbria, 1989. The Big Ditch. Blackburn ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Darwell

She was inspired to write what is now known as the Regeneration Trilogy-Regeneration (1991), The Eye in the Door (1993), and ... Regeneration Trilogy: Regeneration (1991) The Eye in the Door (1993) The Ghost Road (1995) Another World (1998) Border Crossing ... In 2012, The Observer named the Regeneration Trilogy as one of "The 10 best historical novels". Barker was born to a working- ... Barker, Pat (2008). Regeneration. Penguin Books Limited. ISBN 978-0-14-190643-0. 'Brilliant, intense and subtle' Peter Kemp, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pat_Barker

"Regeneration". Star Trek: Enterprise. Season 2. Episode 23. May 7, 2003. UPN. "Kevin Sorbo, John Billingsley and Bonita ... Friedericy appeared with Billingsley in "Regeneration", a 2003 episode of Star Trek: Enterprise in which she played Rooney. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Billingsley

"Manchester City Council download - Oxford Road Corridor , Planning and regeneration , Regeneration , City Centre regeneration ...

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This did not have any impact on their regeneration capabilities. Japanese fire-bellied newts produce motilin, a peptide that ... Regeneration. 2 (1): 26-36. doi:10.1002/reg2.28. ISSN 2052-4412. PMC 4895332. PMID 27499865. Kurosaka, Hiroshi; Takano-Yamamoto ... "Comparison of molecular and cellular events during lower jaw regeneration of newt (Cynops pyrrhogaster) and West African clawed ... "Reintegration of the regenerated and the remaining tissues during joint regeneration in the newt Cynops pyrrhogaster". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_fire-bellied_newt

"Regeneration". Archived from the original on 20 March 2017. Retrieved 28 November 2015. Silvertown Station - Crossrail ... that was responsible for the regeneration of the area. He in turn discussed the proposal with chairman of John Mowlem & Co Sir ... socio-economics and regeneration. The 308 supporters mainly concerned the reduction of air pollution, an alternative London and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_City_Airport

"London City Airport :: Regeneration". Archived from the original on 20 March 2017. Retrieved 10 January 2017. "Airport chief ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silvertown_railway_station

"Regeneration". Penguin Books. Retrieved 15 March 2019. "The Big Sleep". Penguin Books. Retrieved 15 March 2019. "I'm the King ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penguin_Essentials

Barker, Pat (1991). Regeneration. Dutton. ISBN 978-0525934271. Holden, Wendy (1998). Shell Shock. (Channel 4 Books). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combat_stress_reaction

"Manchester City Council download - Oxford Road Corridor , Planning and regeneration , Regeneration , City Centre Growth and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilmslow_Road

"Regeneration". planaria.stowers.org. Archived from the original on 2016-11-07. Retrieved 2016-11-12. "Sánchez Lab , Stowers ... mediterranea as a research organism to study animal regeneration "A DISCUSSION WITH ALEJANDRO SÁNCHEZ ALVARADO". Stowers ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Sánchez_Alvarado

"Regeneration? Part II: The Lux Centre: Eastward Ho!". Vertigo Magazine. Retrieved 24 January 2015. Sarah Turner at IMDb (AC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Turner_(filmmaker)

21 in October 2020 when re-issued on their own label Divine Comedy Regeneration peaked at No. 40 in October 2020 when re-issued ... "Regeneration" (PDF). Music & Media. Retrieved 12 November 2020. "French chart peaks". lescharts.com. Retrieved 12 November 2020 ... "Regeneration". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 12 November 2020. "Absent Friends". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 12 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Divine_Comedy_discography

Gilbert SF (2000). "Regeneration". Developmental Biology (6th ed.). "Olympus Microscopy Resource Center , Pond Life Video ... Hydras undergo morphallaxis (tissue regeneration) when injured or severed. Typically, Hydras will reproduce by just budding off ... Fujisawa T (February 2003). "Hydra regeneration and epitheliopeptides". Developmental Dynamics. 226 (2): 182-9. doi:10.1002/ ... Fujisawa, Toshitaka (29 January 2003). "Hydra regeneration and epitheliopeptides". Developmental Dynamics. American Association ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydra_(genus)

"Regeneration". english.upenn.edu. Retrieved 24 September 2014. Frassetto, M. (2013). The Early Medieval World: From the Fall of ... p. 4. ISBN 978-0-313-28946-0. Schwartz, G.M.; Nichols, J.J. (2010). After Collapse: The Regeneration of Complex Societies. ... Ian Morris (12 December 2005). "The collapse and regeneration of complex society in Greece, 1500-500 BC" (PDF). Retrieved 24 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_largest_European_cities_in_history

Available individually or in the Regeneration box set in Region 2 Only available as part of the Revisitations 1 box set in ... "Regeneration". www.timelash.com. Retrieved 5 August 2013. Manfred, Steve. "The Doctors Revisited: 1-4". Home.comcast.net. ... Season 24 was released on Blu-ray in 2021 Available individually or in the Regeneration box set in Region 2. Only available ... "Doctor Who: Regeneration". British Video Association. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 28 November 2013 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Doctor_Who_home_video_releases

"Regeneration". Archived from the original on 2 May 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) Restoring Your Railway Fund: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose_Hill_Marple_railway_station

Opponents of baptismal regeneration understand baptism to be a means of identifying with Christ, and that when performed by ... "Regeneration." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. Accessed 3 May 2013 [7] Staten, ... Baptismal regenerationists refer to water baptism as the "washing of regeneration", (1 Cor 6:11/John 3:5) believing it to be ... So baptismal regeneration is Bible-based. Advocates of the Sinner's Prayer also believe verses such as Romans 10:13 show that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinner's_prayer

Royal Commission on the Future of the Toronto Waterfront (1992). David Crombie (ed.). Regeneration; Toronto's Waterfront and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Harbour_(Toronto)

The entire regeneration process in C. teleta adults is completed within about two weeks The rate of regeneration can vary among ... teleta during posterior regeneration. This suggests a role in the regeneration process, but the exact expression patterns do ... in addition to epimorphic regeneration The regeneration of the germline in embryos has also been investigated. In early stage ... The first stage of regeneration encompasses the first 24 hours following amputation or injury. This stage is marked by wound ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitella_teleta

". "Regeneration game". Motor Sport Magazine. April 2006. "#MotorsportFail - the 1992 WSC BRM P351". 19 March 2015. https://www ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weslake_V12_engine

"Rock Regeneration". rock-regeneration.co.uk. Anti Nasty League (Media notes). Pop Will Eat Itself. 2015.{{cite AV media notes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Nasty_League

... interventions resulting in optic nerve regeneration restored some components of vision, suggesting possible strategies through ... "However, in the past few years there have been several demonstrations that anatomical regeneration of the optic nerve can be ... Although untreated blind mice were equally likely to walk over either end, mice that had optic nerve regeneration in response ... "In addition, the molecules investigated that promoted axon regeneration in mice may need to be tested in other models before ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/764360

... implant surgery through autologous regeneration took place today at MGM Hospital in Navi Mumbai. ... This implant was done by reconstruction through regeneration of the patients own body tissue with the help of a unique therapy ... The first ever mandible (lower jaw) implant surgery through autologous regeneration carried out by Dr. Shushrut Vaidya, Oral & ... India s Biotechnology Firm Performs First Ever Autologous Maxillofacial Regeneration Personalised Printable Document (PDF). ...

https://www.medindia.net/news/indias-biotechnology-firm-performs-first-ever-autologous-maxillofacial-regeneration-73982-1.htm

... (2003). A convincing case can be made that current ... Roles for agroforestry in hardwood regeneration and natural-stand management. A convincing case can be made that current land- ... Roles for agroforestry in hardwood regeneration and natural-stand management General Technical Report NC-234. St. Paul, MN: U.S ...

https://www.woodweb.com/knowledge_base/Roles_for_agroforestry_in_hardwood_regeneration_an.html

Holmes, D. Eardrum regeneration: membrane repair. Nature 546, S5 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/546S5a ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/546S5a?error=cookies_not_supported&code=febb68d7-4755-4fe5-9042-127cb5ea98d7

Regeneration: Directed by John Hyams. With Jean-Claude Van Damme, Dolph Lundgren, Andrei Arlovski, Mike Pyle. Terrorists kidnap ... What is the French language plot outline for Universal Soldier: Regeneration (2009)? ...

https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1288403/

As the regeneration revolution moves forward, natural carbon sequestration and environmental regeneration will generate ... Ronnie Cummins is co-founder of the Organic Consumers Association (OCA) and Regeneration International. To keep up with OCAs ... Regenerators want to move the money or capital required for a Regeneration Revolution, not into the hands of carbon traders or ... We need to focus on the major roadblock to Regeneration: the nearly 100% of private capital invested in degeneration: "profit- ...

https://www.organicconsumers.org/blog/funding-regeneration-revolution?page=56

... Vladimir Volovich vvv at vsu.ru Sat Jun 5 16:48:09 CEST 2004 *Previous message: [tex-live] tpm ...

https://tug.org/pipermail/tex-live/2004-June/005850.html

IMMIGRATION AND REGENERATION Br Med J 1906; 1 :1441 doi:10.1136/bmj.1.2372.1441-c ... IMMIGRATION AND REGENERATION. Br Med J 1906; 1 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.2372.1441-c (Published 16 June 1906) Cite ...

https://www.bmj.com/content/1/2372/1441.4/rapid-responses

... You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. Please enable scripts ... Thought you might appreciate this item(s) I saw in Neural Regeneration Research.. ...

https://journals.lww.com/nrronline/pages/default.aspx

... British Public Believe Onus Is on Them to Make Towns and Cities Better Places to Live, New Research ... Urban 2020, Regeneration, Architecture, Connected Urban Developments, CUD, Communities, Towns, Virtual Communities, ...

https://newsroom.cisco.com/c/r/newsroom/en/us/a/y2009/m03/regeneration-begins-at-home.html

A list of all the characters in Regeneration. Characters include: Dr. W.H.R. Rivers , Siegfried Sassoon, Billy Prior, David ... At Cambridge, the two men worked together on research charting nerve regeneration in the arm and hand. Head is a dedicated ...

https://www.sparknotes.com/lit/regeneration/characters/

Source-to-Pay use cases: Sustainable material and Supplier performance evaluation. Our solutions are based on identifying sustainability process hot spots at the end-to-end value chain. The solution aggregates data from the SAP transactions and calculates sustainability metrics by building analytic apps/dashboards to provide actionable insights.. Based on UN norms, suppliers social, environmental, and economic sustainability parameters can be maintained in the client SAP ERP system. The supplier performance app shows the sustainability single dashboard scorecard and suppliers overall ranking by combining operational parameters with sustainability parameters to display the supplier evaluation report.. The material sustainability app shows supplier material sustainability factors, i.e., consumption of direct energy, water, waste, and usage of recycled content for overall rating. The single dashboard helps in a comprehensive evaluation of material sustainability parameters, leading to ...

https://www.capgemini.com/no-no/insights/expert-perspectives/the-journey-from-regeneration-to-renewable-enterprise-part-2/

The regulation of the homeostasis and regeneration of peripheral nerve is distinct from the CNS and independent of a stem cell ... A central role for the ERK-signaling pathway in controlling Schwann cell plasticity and peripheral nerve regeneration in vivo. ... EphB signaling directs peripheral nerve regeneration through Sox2-dependent Schwann cell sorting. Cell143, 145-155. ... Macrophage-Induced Blood Vessels Guide Schwann Cell-Mediated Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves. Cell162, 1127-1139. ...

https://www.kcl.ac.uk/events/the-multicellular-complexity-of-peripheral-nerve-regeneration

Newts possess the ability to regenerate even parts of their hearts. The key to this amazing skill are dedifferentiated cells. Thomas Braun wants to uncover how mature heart cells can rewind their development program and be returned to an earlier, more primitive state.

https://www.mpg.de/11725524/heart-regeneration?c=11970300

... part of the wider Ayla Oasis regeneration project, a masterplan-led regeneration located in the immediate vicinity of the ... The Ayla Oasis regeneration project was initiated through a private-public partnership between the Aqaba Special Economic Zone ... Ayla Village is designed as an innovative new meeting place for visitors and Aqaba residents in the heart of the regeneration ...

https://www.ebrd.com/sites/Satellite?c=Content&cid=1395247017415&pagename=EBRD%2FContent%2FContentLayout&rendermode=live%3Fsrch-pg%3FfilterSector%3DLeasing+Finance

Crayfish have a nursery in their heads where blood cells transform into neurons - the process may one day help us to regenerate our own brain cells

https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22329822-800-brain-regeneration-crayfish-turn-blood-into-neurons/

The key terms concerning urban regeneration, sustainability of urban regeneration, brownfield redevelopment and urban ... Keyphrases: assessment, Sustainability, urban regeneration. In: Tom Leathem, Anthony J. Perrenoud and Wesley Collins (editors ... A Review of Studies on Sustainable Urban Regeneration. 11 pages•Published: June 9, 2021. Ge Xiuli and Vida Maliene ... Based on the journal and conference papers about sustainable urban regeneration in the SCI, EI and A&HCI database between 1989 ...

https://easychair.org/publications/paper/Tnhm

... INTERFAX 31 Oct 94 ... The authorities of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, Siberia, gave consent for the construction of a nuclear station fuel regeneration ...

https://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/news/russia/1994/drsov211_d_94006.htm

The project includes a holistic strategy for planning, management and implementation of a 60ha area that will become Santander´s South Bay coastline. Read more

https://www.arup.com/projects/santander-waterfront

Join Daniel Christian Wahl and Tyson Yunaporta for the second event in our ReGeneration Rising webinar series. ... About the ReGeneration Rising podcast:. ReGeneration Rising is a seven-part miniseries commissioned for the RSAs Bridges to ... ReGeneration Rising: Indigenous Knowledge Systems with Tyson Yunkaporta. Fellowship Event 17 Nov 2022 , 05:00 PM. - 07:00 PM. ... Join Daniel Christian Wahl and Tyson Yunaporta for the second event in our companion webinar series to the ReGeneration Rising ...

https://www.thersa.org/events/fellowship/2022/11/regeneration-rising-with-tyson-yunkaporta2

Photograph posted by PaulSR with the description: View towards the Liver Buildings from Princes dock, showing the new office blocks and new bridge

https://www.ephotozine.com/photo/liverpool-regeneration-6579556/tag/08

Regeneration which will be available on DVD on February 2, 2010. With stolen top-secret technology, terrorists have created a ... Universal Soldier: Regeneration Trailer (2010). The trailer for Universal Soldier: Regeneration which will be available on DVD ... www.traileraddict.com/universal-soldier-regeneration,Universal Soldier: Regeneration,/a, on ,a href=https://www.traileraddict ... www.traileraddict.com/universal-soldier-regeneration/trailer,Trailer,/a, for ,a href=https:// ...

https://www.traileraddict.com/universal-soldier-regeneration/trailer

Our key documents regarding the regeneration and rebuilding of key Nottingham areas. ... Home Information for Business Planning and Building Control Building a Better Nottingham Regeneration Regeneration Documents ... Regeneration in Nottingham 2018: City of Opportunity. A snapshot of major regeneration projects in the city either recently ... Nottingham City Council - Regeneration Documents. Login Menu About the Council Benefits Bin and Rubbish Collections Births, ...

https://www.nottinghamcity.gov.uk/information-for-business/planning-and-building-control/building-a-better-nottingham/regeneration/major-regeneration-documents

eightOS host daily open workshops that explore the concepts of regeneration, adaptation, ecology and environment. Centering the ... Day 3: Regeneration. With eightOS. eightOS host daily open workshops that explore the concepts of regeneration, adaptation, ... This workshop by eightOS focuses on the concept of regeneration. The physical exercises are designed to allow our bodies to ...

https://www.berlinerfestspiele.de/en/berliner-festspiele/programm/bfs-gesamtprogramm/programmdetail_358241.html

In this section you can find out more about regeneration projects in Hastings. ... Regeneration. In this section of the website you can find out about the regeneration projects that the council are leading on ... The content on this page is the responsibility of our Regeneration team. ...

https://www.hastings.gov.uk/regeneration/

... J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2010 Aug;3(4):410-6. doi: ... For the heart, an organ with limited regeneration capacity, the consequence of MI (termed post-MI remodeling) comprises a ... regulated activation and suppression of inflammation may be critical for achieving effective cardiac repair and regeneration. ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20559773/?dopt=Abstract

The paper develops a theoretical conceptualisation of a circular urban regeneration process. It reflects on how such a framing ... The research explores the dimensions and dynamics of a circular regeneration process. It provides evidence to support the ... Finally, a performance framework for monitoring the development of “circular capacities” through the regeneration ... benefits of combining circular actions—loop, regenerate and adapt—in a successful regeneration process. It ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/12/3424

Actor Peter Capaldi writes Christmas letter to fan to reassure him about Doctor Who characters regeneration. ... PeterCapaldi is my 9 year old sons fav #DoctorWho and he was dreading his regeneration. And then he got this letter with some ... In the handwritten letter, he said regeneration is a bit icky, and like having a bad flu. ... Capaldi wrote to David McGilloway, from Londonderry, to ease his worries about the regeneration process. ...

https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-foyle-west-42491583

The screenplay was also adapted from the 1908 stage play, The Regeneration, which is credited to Kildare and Walter Hackett. ... Regeneration (1915 USA 73 mins). Prod. Co: Fox Film Corp. Prod: William Fox Dir: Raoul Walsh, as R.A. Walsh Scr: Adapted from ... In the memoir, titled My Mamie Rose: The Story of My Regeneration, Mamie Rose lifts Kildare up from the gutter all the way to a ... Regeneration did so well for Fox that it was reissued as a money-maker in 1919. For his part, Walsh repeatedly returned to the ...

http://www.sensesofcinema.com/2017/cteq/regeneration/

Sporting mega events are playing an increasingly important role in the governance of community regeneration and development ... Sport, Community Regeneration, Governance and Development: A Comparative Global Perspective is fascinating reading for all ... Sport, Community Regeneration, Governance and Development: A comparative global perspective. ISBN , Quantity: ... Sport, Community Regeneration, Governance and Development A comparative global perspective By Rory Shand. ...

https://www.routledge.com/Sport-Community-Regeneration-Governance-and-Development-A-comparative/Shand/p/book/9780367232894

Over the last few decades, many countries around the world have adopted urban regeneration to solve social problems, simulate local economy, create better environmental and cultural conditions, and enhance the city's competitiveness. (easychair.org)
A holistic and critical review of the themes of these research, research methods, evaluation criteria of sustainable urban regeneration projects is needed for current and future research. (easychair.org)
Based on the journal and conference papers about sustainable urban regeneration in the SCI, EI and A&HCI database between 1989 and 2019, this paper presents a critical review of recent studies on sustainable urban regeneration. (easychair.org)
This review focuses on the methods universally or locally employed to evaluate the sustainability of urban regeneration projects in different contexts. (easychair.org)
The key terms concerning urban regeneration, sustainability of urban regeneration, brownfield redevelopment and urban rehabilitation are clarified. (easychair.org)
Finally, this paper discusses the future research trends for researchers to explore the field of sustainable urban regeneration. (easychair.org)
inproceedings{ASC2021:Review_of_Studies_on, author = {Ge Xiuli and Vida Maliene}, title = {A Review of Studies on Sustainable Urban Regeneration}, booktitle = {ASC 2021. (easychair.org)
The paper develops a theoretical conceptualisation of a circular urban regeneration process. (mdpi.com)
RITTERWALD directors Austen Reid and Ad Hereijgers provide tips on how levelling up can work to create sustainable urban regeneration. (ritterwald.de)
There is no Dutch or British approach in urban regeneration. (ritterwald.de)
Interdisciplinary Issues in Urban Regeneration, Urban Design, Public Art and Public Space", organized by the POLIS Research Centre and the PAUDO (Public Art and Urban Design Observatory) network in December 2013. (polisresearchcentre.org)
The book traces the paths of economic and political theory concerning the role of urban regeneration processes, from an overview of the policies implemented in Europe to their actual impact on job creation and local innovation initiatives. (polisresearchcentre.org)
It addresses physical aspects of urban design processes, analysing an interdisciplinary project for urban regeneration of the Lisbon riverfront, and proposes some ideas on how to deal with climate change in the construction of public space in cities. (polisresearchcentre.org)
Thus, the book encompasses a broad reflection on urban regeneration, with contributions from disciplinary fields as diverse as Economics, Public Policy, Urban Design and Architecture, Landscaping and Public Art, and draws attention to the need for further interdisciplinary work. (polisresearchcentre.org)
The urban regeneration of the historic center of Bucharest. (worldbank.org)

May 23, 2012 - Interventions resulting in optic nerve regeneration restored some components of vision, according to the results of a mouse model study published online May 21 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . (medscape.com)
Although untreated blind mice were equally likely to walk over either end, mice that had optic nerve regeneration in response to the interventions spent less time over the "deep" end. (medscape.com)
In previous work, we have demonstrated that Schwann cells orchestrate this process by co-ordinating the behaviour of the other cell types involved in nerve regeneration. (kcl.ac.uk)
EphB signaling directs peripheral nerve regeneration through Sox2-dependent Schwann cell sorting. (kcl.ac.uk)
A central role for the ERK-signaling pathway in controlling Schwann cell plasticity and peripheral nerve regeneration in vivo. (kcl.ac.uk)
Therefore, modulating cell-cell interactions through cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) such as cadherins, neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) and L1, may be a potential alternative to improve nerve regeneration. (ntu.edu.sg)
Following that, we will discuss existing tissue engineering approaches that utilize CAMs and biomaterials to control nerve regeneration. (ntu.edu.sg)
Overall, we propose that utilizing CAMs with biomaterials may be a promising therapeutic strategy for nerve regeneration. (ntu.edu.sg)
If no conduit is present, nerve regeneration fails in favor of neuroma creation. (medscape.com)
Use of hybrid chitosan membranes and human mesenchymal stem cells from the Wharton jelly of umbilical cord for promoting nerve regeneration in an axonotmesis rat model. (bvsalud.org)

This is the first report focusing on the impact age has on axonal regeneration in the central nervous system," said senior author Binhai Zheng, PhD, associate professor of neurosciences at UC San Diego School of Medicine. (ucsd.edu)

1. Regeneration, Sport and Sustainability: Communities, Governance and Mega Projects 2. (routledge.com)
Sport, Development, Regeneration and Sustainability 4. (routledge.com)

This implant was done by reconstruction through regeneration of the patient's own body tissue with the help of a unique therapy called Ossron. (medindia.net)
The new tissue-regeneration technique recently earned three Cedars-Sinai investigators grants from the Department of Defense and National Institutes of Health totaling nearly $8 million. (newswise.com)
The investigators, all experts in skeletal tissue regeneration, first demonstrated the treatment's efficiency in a 2017 animal study published in Science Translational Medicine , which found the approach successful in regrowing new shinbone in just eight weeks. (newswise.com)
Now, the Cedars-Sinai researchers, in partnership with Stanford University engineers, will use a National Institutes of Health award of $2.8 million over four years to build and design the next generation of ultrasound devices for tissue regeneration applications. (newswise.com)
Diatom shells (DS) are promising for bone tissue engineering since silicon enhances bone regeneration. (metu.edu.tr)
The Institute of Neural Regeneration and Tissue Engineering was founded with the goal of improving the lives of people who suffer from strokes, spinal cord injuries, traumatic brain injuries, neurodegenerative diseases, and other acute and chronic conditions. (neuralregeneration.org)
One of these advancements is guided bone regeneration , also referred to as guided tissue regeneration . (festusperio.com)
To address these pockets, Dr. Capati may recommend tissue regeneration. (festusperio.com)
Thus, applying knowledge and principles of tissue engineering for the development of therapies that seek joint disc regeneration may be an option for future treatment. (bvsalud.org)
Final considerations: although tissue joint disc regeneration presents itself as a potential treatment option for the different types of TMD, the literature is still in an early stage of investigation with predominantly in vitro and in vivo studies. (bvsalud.org)
Establishing Tissue Culture and Regeneration System of Scutellaria regeliana [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2020, 40(1): 50-57. (nefu.edu.cn)
An injury to the spinal cord causes long-lasting loss of nervous tissue because endogenous nervous tissue repair and regeneration at the site of injury is limited. (nin.nl)
We engineered an injectable nanofiber-hydrogel composite (NHC) with interfacial bonding to provide mechanical strength and porosity and examined its effect on repair and neural tissue regeneration in an adult rat model of spinal cord contusion. (nin.nl)
Using the gene set as a reference, gene network analysis identified regeneration-, developmental-stage-, and tissue-specific co-expressed gene modules. (elsevier.com)
Editorial: Immunomodulation of MSCs in tissue repairing and regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
Conclusions: Both receptor types may be potential targets for stimulation of skeletal muscle tissue regeneration and functional restoration after injury. (cdc.gov)

Thought you might appreciate this item(s) I saw in Neural Regeneration Research. (lww.com)
It would be interesting to determine if the molecular machineries for neural regeneration and normal aging interact. (ucsd.edu)

Herein, we summarize the current understanding of the role of inflammation in cardiac injury and repair and put forth the hypothesis that temporally regulated activation and suppression of inflammation may be critical for achieving effective cardiac repair and regeneration. (nih.gov)

Lastly, Tubastatin A was used to stabilise PC and promote BEC regeneration, in a combination of in vitro and in vivo models of cold storage. (ed.ac.uk)

A snapshot of major regeneration projects in the city either recently completed, in progress or planned. (nottinghamcity.gov.uk)

To examine how age affects regeneration, Zheng and colleagues removed the Pten gene in the neurons of both young and old mice (up to 18 months old), a molecular manipulation known to promote regeneration in young adult mammals. (ucsd.edu)
As another important component in nerve tissues, the potential of modulating cell-cell interactions as a strategy to promote regeneration has been overlooked. (ntu.edu.sg)

Embryonic Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration of Lilium leucanthum [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(3): 338-346. (nefu.edu.cn)

Regeneration and Performance Measurement of Plant Fiber in Grass Family of Phragmites [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2016, 36(4): 620-626. (nefu.edu.cn)
Optimization of Leaf Regeneration and Genetic Transformation System of Populus tomentosa [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2016, 36(2): 177-183. (nefu.edu.cn)

The approach of activating the patient's own stem cells could provide a platform for myriad clinical applications, such as heart and skin regeneration. (newswise.com)
IMSEAR at SEARO: Stem cells and myocardial regeneration. (who.int)
The mission of ECTORS is to provide a forum for discussing and stimulating novel developments in the fields of cellular therapies in organ transplantation, organ regeneration and generation of new organs from stem cells and biomaterials. (esot.org)

Natural Regeneration Characteristics of Archidendron clypearia [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2017, 37(5): 761-767. (nefu.edu.cn)

The content on this page is the responsibility of our Regeneration team. (hastings.gov.uk)

The researchers found that, as in young mice, Pten deletion in neurons of older mice elicited the types of post-injury cellular responses that often indicate increased regeneration. (ucsd.edu)
Next, the researchers say they will look for ways to counteract this age-associated decline in regeneration by boosting neurons' natural regeneration programs, as well as by modifying the terrain in which axons regenerate. (ucsd.edu)

The regeneration of bone defects is a significant clinical challenge for patients around the world. (emerginginvestigators.org)

After motorcycle or car accidents, patients can go through very painful operations for years and still their limbs don't heal," said principal investigator Dan Gazit , PhD, DMD, a professor of surgery and co-director of the Skeletal Regeneration and Stem Cell Therapy Program at Cedars-Sinai. (newswise.com)
The treatment could also help reduce pain for many military personnel suffering injuries sustained in battle, said Zulma Gazit , PhD, an associate professor of Surgery at Cedars-Sinai, co-director of the Skeletal Regeneration and Stem Cell Therapy Program and a co-investigator. (newswise.com)
Introduction: Many aspects of skeletal muscle regeneration are now considered to be controlled by the innate immune system, specifically macrophages, but the mechanisms for activation and modulation of the innate immune system during injury are not well understood. (cdc.gov)

Cardiac regeneration strategies: Staying young at heart. (weizmann.ac.il)

For the heart, an organ with limited regeneration capacity, the consequence of MI (termed post-MI remodeling) comprises a series of structural and functional changes, including scar formation at the infarct zone, reactive hypertrophy of the remaining cardiomyocytes at the noninfarct area, ventricular chamber dilatation, and molecular changes marked by fetal gene up-regulation, all of which have been linked to the activation of the inflammatory pathways. (nih.gov)

The trailer for Universal Soldier: Regeneration which will be available on DVD on February 2, 2010. (traileraddict.com)

The Ayla Oasis regeneration project was initiated through a private-public partnership between the Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority ('ASEZA') and the private investors, ASTRA Group, with the ultimate goal of regenerating and repositioning Aqaba into a prime tourist destination on the Red Sea. (ebrd.com)
Construction firm Galliford Try said it was part of a winning bid to carry out a 100m pound regeneration project in East Manchester. (moneyweek.com)
Ambitious plans for land in East Norwich to become the biggest regeneration project in the East of England are set to move a step forward. (norwich.gov.uk)
Through this regeneration, the project team estudi08014 solves the fracture between the municipality and the Llobregat river limit. (metalocus.es)
This project is the first stage of regeneration of an old path that links the towns of Sallent and Cabrianes following the course of the Llobregat River, in an environment of riverside forests and small orchards. (metalocus.es)
This project, like any regeneration process, can be explained in 3 successive times: a past time where the path and its edges defined a system of open spaces, easily accessible, perfectly integrated into their environment. (metalocus.es)

The competition s overall winner, to be chosen by a popular vote to be held at ReGeneration.org , will receive an additional $15,000 prize. (webwire.com)

Regeneration converts wasted heat and movement in the vehicle into electricity, as with a turbine in the exhaust. (idtechex.com)
Although the presence of a catalyst, in either form, will increase the feasibility of the filter by allowing regeneration at lower exhaust temperatures, it may also result in an increase in the concentration of NO 2 in the exhaust. (cdc.gov)

Objective: the present study reviewed the scientific literature searching for perspectives and main challenges faced by joint disc regeneration therapies. (bvsalud.org)

Deletion of the Pten gene promotes axon regeneration in young but not old mice after spinal cord injury. (ucsd.edu)
These changes indicate that axons in older mice face a more difficult environment for regeneration. (ucsd.edu)
Inhibition of cellular senescence (using p21-/- mice or by administration of senolytics) preserves PC during cold storage (p=0.0004), improving BEC regeneration. (ed.ac.uk)

Our results indicate that PC represent a potential novel therapeutic target to improve biliary regeneration and prevent BC development during liver transplantation. (ed.ac.uk)

In this section of the website you can find out about the regeneration projects that the council are leading on or are partners in the delivery of. (hastings.gov.uk)

Ayla Village is designed as an innovative new meeting place for visitors and Aqaba residents in the heart of the regeneration scheme and will operate as a footfall generator, crucial in producing economically, environmentally and socially sustainable results for Aqaba as a new regional tourist hub. (ebrd.com)
The firm said S4B, an Equitix-led partnership that includes Galliford and Contour Homes, had been appointed as preferred bidder for the Brunswick regeneration scheme. (moneyweek.com)

However, in the past few years there have been several demonstrations that anatomical regeneration of the optic nerve can be partially induced after injury, following stimulation with various neurotrophic and neuroprotective factors. (medscape.com)

The research explores the dimensions and dynamics of a circular regeneration process. (mdpi.com)
It provides evidence to support the benefits of combining circular actions-loop, regenerate and adapt-in a successful regeneration process. (mdpi.com)
Capaldi wrote to David McGilloway, from Londonderry, to ease his worries about the regeneration process. (bbc.com)
These results suggest that this came much earlier than expected if regeneration were to decline at the same pace as the normal aging process. (ucsd.edu)
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration process on the concentrations and size distributions of aerosols in an underground mine. (cdc.gov)
The evaluation was requested by the City Health and Safety Director on behalf of five employees involved in the carbon regeneration process. (cdc.gov)
However, nondisposable filters must have a way of removing the DPM that has accumulated on the filter, a process called regeneration. (cdc.gov)
A second regeneration process is termed passive regeneration. (cdc.gov)

CONCLUSIONS: pre-transplantation hypoxic conditions trigger loss of PC in BECs, impairing biliary regeneration through cellular senescence. (ed.ac.uk)

With simple, minimal adjustments and responsive performance, ReGeneration supports the body's natural tendency to move, promoting comfort and freedom of movement with three key features. (knoll.com)
Members of the Movement ReGenerators Circle receive a variety of perks including a monthly newsletter with updates on the ReGeneration Nation campaign, special access to events and trainings, recognition in our Year End Review, and a thoughtful thank you gift. (transitionus.org)
TUS National Network Organizer, Marissa Mommaerts, and Programs Director, Jess Alvarez Parfrey (both movement moms) share their excitement for the regenerative communities movement, and why we need your support to grow ReGeneration Nation today! (transitionus.org)
More elegantly, regeneration prevents wasted heat and movement in the first place as with regenerative suspension giving a better ride and longer range and flywheels replacing burning brake disks. (idtechex.com)
Now, seven years later, it appears that our growing Regeneration Movement has achieved this goal. (organicconsumers.org)
Regeneration is now the hottest topic in the natural and organic food and farming sector, while climate activists including the Sunrise Movement and Extinction Rebellion regularly talk about the role of organic and regenerative practices in reducing agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. (organicconsumers.org)

The regulation of the homeostasis and regeneration of peripheral nerve is distinct from the CNS and independent of a stem cell population. (kcl.ac.uk)

Sporting mega events are playing an increasingly important role in the governance of community regeneration and development across the globe. (routledge.com)
Sport, Community Regeneration, Governance and Development: A Comparative Global Perspective is fascinating reading for all students and scholars with an interest in governance, sport development, sport policy, sport management or the sociology of sport. (routledge.com)

Showcasing original research to suggest that sporting organisations, mega events and legacies are now operating as governing instruments in renewal programmes, it sheds new light on the role that sport plays in community regeneration and development on an international scale. (routledge.com)
Since current regeneration studies are mostly conducted in young adult animals, the researchers say the new study also underscores the need to validate research findings in older animals. (ucsd.edu)
Involving partners from research, civil society, public, and private sectors, the brings a multi-actor and multi-disciplinary perspective on innovationsand good practices to trigger rural regeneration and generational renewal in Europe. (ruralization.eu)
In-vitro regeneration of Populus langfangensis 3 for transformation and micropropagation[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2006, 26(2): 201-205. (nefu.edu.cn)
Establishment and Optimization of Wild Beltilla striata Regeneration System [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2015, 35(6): 825-831. (nefu.edu.cn)
Rapid Propagation and Regeneration System of Populus simonii × Populus nigra [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2015, 35(6): 904-907. (nefu.edu.cn)
In Vitro Culture and Plantlet Regeneration of Quercus shumardii [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2015, 35(2): 185-190. (nefu.edu.cn)
Our transcriptome resource is expected to enhance future research employing this emerging model animal for regeneration research as well as for investigations in other areas including developmental biology, stem cell biology, and cancer research. (elsevier.com)

This workshop by eightOS focuses on the concept of regeneration. (berlinerfestspiele.de)

For the first time, Dr. Benowitz and colleagues showed that partial anatomical regeneration of the optic nerve is accompanied by partial recovery of function," Dr. Limb said. (medscape.com)

These practices have a systemic impact, going beyond the agricultural sphere and encouraging local areas' wider economic, social and environmental regeneration through providing local food, jobs, healthy landscapes and lively communities, among other public goods. (ruralization.eu)

Roles for agroforestry in hardwood regeneration and natural-stand management General Technical Report NC-234. (woodweb.com)

The document focusses on key regeneration 'zones' such as the Creative Quarter and City Centre North and is aimed at developers, investors and all other stakeholders with regeneration interest in Nottingham. (nottinghamcity.gov.uk)

Partial regeneration/proliferation of the beta-cells in the islets of Langerhans by Nigella sativa L. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. (yyu.edu.tr)
Partial regeneration/proliferation of th. (yyu.edu.tr)

This award is a further demonstration of our strength in regeneration, and our ability to successfully partner with local councils across the country to deliver the housing and facilities that communities need,' said Galliford's Chief Executive, Greg Fitzgerald. (moneyweek.com)
Your meaningful investment will help to nurture our emerging ReGeneration Nation campaign work and support the growing ecosystem of communities working to reimagine and rebuild our world, from the grassroots up! (transitionus.org)

Urodele newts have unique biological properties, notably including prominent regeneration ability. (elsevier.com)

In 2010 Olaf Christen stated , "Regenerative agriculture is an approach in agriculture that rejects pesticides and synthetic fertilizers and is intended to improve the regeneration of the topsoil, biodiversity and the water cycle. (organicconsumers.org)

The first ever mandible (lower jaw) implant surgery through autologous regeneration carried out by Dr. Shushrut Vaidya, Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeon, took place today at MGM Hospital in Navi Mumbai. (medindia.net)
Dr. Capati will help you determine if bone regeneration surgery is right for you. (festusperio.com)

ReGeneration gives you the comfort and support you need as you move about your day without interrupting your work flow. (knoll.com)
Work info: Grounds and Reasons of Christian Regeneration. (ccel.org)

Anatomy73

Organisms29

Diseases14

Chemicals and Drugs45

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment32

Phenomena and Processes43

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture7

Information Science1

Reduced differentiation potential of primary MyoD-/- myogenic cells derived from adult skeletal muscle. (1/5339)

Lack of regulation in the heart forming region of avian embryos. (2/5339)

Expression and developmental regulation of the Hydra-RFamide and Hydra-LWamide preprohormone genes in Hydra: evidence for transient phases of head formation. (3/5339)

Immunocytochemical and morphological evidence for intracellular self-repair as an important contributor to mammalian hair cell recovery. (4/5339)

Alteration of endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations in porcine coronary arteries with regenerated endothelium. (5/5339)

The homeodomain protein IDX-1 increases after an early burst of proliferation during pancreatic regeneration. (6/5339)

Hedgehog is required for activation of engrailed during regeneration of fragmented Drosophila imaginal discs. (7/5339)

Transforming growth factor-beta-induced upregulation of transforming growth factor-beta receptor expression in pancreatic regeneration. (8/5339)

Regeneration

Nerve Regeneration

Liver Regeneration

Bone Regeneration

Guided Tissue Regeneration

Planarians

Hepatectomy

Axons

Salamandridae

Ambystoma mexicanum

Extremities

Nerve Crush

Stem Cells

Notophthalmus viridescens

Animal Fins

Wound Healing

Tissue Engineering

Cell Differentiation

Tissue Scaffolds

Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle

Cell Proliferation

Tail

Spinal Cord Regeneration

Sciatic Nerve

Axotomy

Zebrafish

Peripheral Nerves

Schwann Cells

Muscle, Skeletal

Regenerative Medicine

Hepatocytes

Turbellaria

Liver

Urodela

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Time Factors

Peripheral Nerve Injuries

Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins

Biocompatible Materials

Cells, Cultured

Neurites

Signal Transduction

Spinal Cord Injuries

Cardiotoxins

Myoblasts

Sciatic Neuropathy

Immunohistochemistry

Optic Nerve

GAP-43 Protein

Stem Cell Transplantation

Recovery of Function

Models, Animal

Muscle Development

Hydra

Myelin Sheath

Disease Models, Animal

Holothuria

Periodontal Ligament

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Osteogenesis

Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Animals, Genetically Modified

Gene Expression Regulation

Adult Stem Cells

Ambystoma

PAX7 Transcription Factor

Optic Nerve Injuries

Zebrafish Proteins

In Situ Hybridization

Cell Transplantation

Cell Dedifferentiation

Myoblasts, Skeletal

Myelin Proteins

Forelimb

Bone Substitutes

Ganglia, Spinal

Mice, Knockout

Hair Cells, Auditory

Rats, Wistar

Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental