AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation SciencePublication Characteristics
Recurrent Laryngeal NerveRecurrent Laryngeal Nerve InjuriesLaryngeal NervesVocal Cord ParalysisLaryngeal Nerve InjuriesLaryngeal MusclesThyroidectomyLarynxLaryngoscopyHoarsenessThyroid DiseasesVocal CordsCranial Nerve InjuriesPhrenic NerveVoice DisordersLaryngeal CartilagesArytenoid CartilageParathyroidectomyVideo-Assisted SurgeryMonitoring, IntraoperativeVagotomyPara-Aortic BodiesHypoparathyroidismThyroid NeoplasmsRespirationCatsIntraoperative ComplicationsPostoperative ComplicationsVagus NerveEsophagectomySciatic NerveEsophagusCarcinoma, PapillaryElectric StimulationElectromyographyDeglutitionElectronic MailFood Dispensers, AutomaticEditorial PoliciesAuthorshipPeriodicals as TopicPostal ServiceInternetHandbooksPhonationMuscular AtrophyMuscle DenervationCarcinoma, BronchogenicTractionDiagnostic Techniques and ProceduresAortic Aneurysm, Thoracic
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
Branches of the vagus (tenth cranial) nerve. The recurrent laryngeal nerves originate more caudally than the superior laryngeal nerves and follow different paths on the right and left sides. They carry efferents to all muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid and carry sensory and autonomic fibers to the laryngeal, pharyngeal, tracheal, and cardiac regions.
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries
Traumatic injuries to the RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE that may result in vocal cord dysfunction.
Laryngeal Nerves
Branches of the VAGUS NERVE. The superior laryngeal nerves originate near the nodose ganglion and separate into external branches, which supply motor fibers to the cricothyroid muscles, and internal branches, which carry sensory fibers. The RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE originates more caudally and carries efferents to all muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid. The laryngeal nerves and their various branches also carry sensory and autonomic fibers to the laryngeal, pharyngeal, tracheal, and cardiac regions.
Vocal Cord Paralysis
Congenital or acquired paralysis of one or both VOCAL CORDS. This condition is caused by defects in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, the VAGUS NERVE and branches of LARYNGEAL NERVES. Common symptoms are VOICE DISORDERS including HOARSENESS or APHONIA.
Laryngeal Nerve Injuries
Traumatic injuries to the LARYNGEAL NERVE.
Laryngeal Muscles
The striated muscle groups which move the LARYNX as a whole or its parts, such as altering tension of the VOCAL CORDS, or size of the slit (RIMA GLOTTIDIS).
Thyroidectomy
Surgical removal of the thyroid gland. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Larynx
A tubular organ of VOICE production. It is located in the anterior neck, superior to the TRACHEA and inferior to the tongue and HYOID BONE.
Laryngoscopy
Examination, therapy or surgery of the interior of the larynx performed with a specially designed endoscope.
Hoarseness
An unnaturally deep or rough quality of voice.
Thyroid Diseases
Pathological processes involving the THYROID GLAND.
Vocal Cords
A pair of cone-shaped elastic mucous membrane projecting from the laryngeal wall and forming a narrow slit between them. Each contains a thickened free edge (vocal ligament) extending from the THYROID CARTILAGE to the ARYTENOID CARTILAGE, and a VOCAL MUSCLE that shortens or relaxes the vocal cord to control sound production.
Cranial Nerve Injuries
Dysfunction of one or more cranial nerves causally related to a traumatic injury. Penetrating and nonpenetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; NECK INJURIES; and trauma to the facial region are conditions associated with cranial nerve injuries.
Phrenic Nerve
The motor nerve of the diaphragm. The phrenic nerve fibers originate in the cervical spinal column (mostly C4) and travel through the cervical plexus to the diaphragm.
Voice Disorders
Pathological processes that affect voice production, usually involving VOCAL CORDS and the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA. Voice disorders can be caused by organic (anatomical), or functional (emotional or psychological) factors leading to DYSPHONIA; APHONIA; and defects in VOICE QUALITY, loudness, and pitch.
Laryngeal Cartilages
The nine cartilages of the larynx, including the cricoid, thyroid and epiglottic, and two each of arytenoid, corniculate and cuneiform.
Arytenoid Cartilage
One of a pair of small pyramidal cartilages that articulate with the lamina of the CRICOID CARTILAGE. The corresponding VOCAL LIGAMENT and several muscles are attached to it.
Parathyroidectomy
Excision of one or more of the parathyroid glands.
Video-Assisted Surgery
Endoscopic surgical procedures performed with visualization via video transmission. When real-time video is combined interactively with prior CT scans or MRI images, this is called image-guided surgery (see SURGERY, COMPUTER-ASSISTED).
Monitoring, Intraoperative
The constant checking on the state or condition of a patient during the course of a surgical operation (e.g., checking of vital signs).
Vagotomy
The interruption or removal of any part of the vagus (10th cranial) nerve. Vagotomy may be performed for research or for therapeutic purposes.
Para-Aortic Bodies
Small masses of chromaffin cells found near the SYMPATHETIC GANGLIA along the ABDOMINAL AORTA, beginning cranial to the superior mesenteric artery (MESENTERIC ARTERY, SUPERIOR) or renal arteries and extending to the level of the aortic bifurcation or just beyond. They are also called the organs of Zuckerkandl and sometimes called aortic bodies (not to be confused with AORTIC BODIES in the THORAX). The para-aortic bodies are the dominant source of CATECHOLAMINES in the FETUS and normally regress after BIRTH.
Hypoparathyroidism
A condition caused by a deficiency of PARATHYROID HORMONE (or PTH). It is characterized by HYPOCALCEMIA and hyperphosphatemia. Hypocalcemia leads to TETANY. The acquired form is due to removal or injuries to the PARATHYROID GLANDS. The congenital form is due to mutations of genes, such as TBX1; (see DIGEORGE SYNDROME); CASR encoding CALCIUM-SENSING RECEPTOR; or PTH encoding parathyroid hormone.
Thyroid Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.
Respiration
The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (= OXYGEN CONSUMPTION) or cell respiration (= CELL RESPIRATION).
Cats
The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)
Intraoperative Complications
Complications that affect patients during surgery. They may or may not be associated with the disease for which the surgery is done, or within the same surgical procedure.
Postoperative Complications
Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.
Vagus Nerve
The 10th cranial nerve. The vagus is a mixed nerve which contains somatic afferents (from skin in back of the ear and the external auditory meatus), visceral afferents (from the pharynx, larynx, thorax, and abdomen), parasympathetic efferents (to the thorax and abdomen), and efferents to striated muscle (of the larynx and pharynx).
Esophagectomy
Excision of part (partial) or all (total) of the esophagus. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Sciatic Nerve
A nerve which originates in the lumbar and sacral spinal cord (L4 to S3) and supplies motor and sensory innervation to the lower extremity. The sciatic nerve, which is the main continuation of the sacral plexus, is the largest nerve in the body. It has two major branches, the TIBIAL NERVE and the PERONEAL NERVE.
Esophagus
The muscular membranous segment between the PHARYNX and the STOMACH in the UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.
Carcinoma, Papillary
A malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Electric Stimulation
Use of electric potential or currents to elicit biological responses.
Electromyography
Recording of the changes in electric potential of muscle by means of surface or needle electrodes.
Deglutition
The act of taking solids and liquids into the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT through the mouth and throat.
Electronic Mail
Messages between computer users via COMPUTER COMMUNICATION NETWORKS. This feature duplicates most of the features of paper mail, such as forwarding, multiple copies, and attachments of images and other file types, but with a speed advantage. The term also refers to an individual message sent in this way.
Food Dispensers, Automatic
Mechanical food dispensing machines.
Editorial Policies
The guidelines and policy statements set forth by the editor(s) or editorial board of a publication.
Authorship
The profession of writing. Also the identity of the writer as the creator of a literary production.
Periodicals as Topic
A publication issued at stated, more or less regular, intervals.
Postal Service
The functions and activities carried out by the U.S. Postal Service, foreign postal services, and private postal services such as Federal Express.
Internet
A loose confederation of computer communication networks around the world. The networks that make up the Internet are connected through several backbone networks. The Internet grew out of the US Government ARPAnet project and was designed to facilitate information exchange.
Handbooks
Phonation
The process of producing vocal sounds by means of VOCAL CORDS vibrating in an expiratory blast of air.
Muscular Atrophy
Derangement in size and number of muscle fibers occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following immobilization, prolonged weightlessness, malnutrition, and particularly in denervation.
Muscle Denervation
The resection or removal of the innervation of a muscle or muscle tissue.
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic
Malignant neoplasm arising from the epithelium of the BRONCHI. It represents a large group of epithelial lung malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA.
Traction
The pull on a limb or a part thereof. Skin traction (indirect traction) is applied by using a bandage to pull on the skin and fascia where light traction is required. Skeletal traction (direct traction), however, uses pins or wires inserted through bone and is attached to weights, pulleys, and ropes. (From Blauvelt & Nelson, A Manual of Orthopaedic Terminology, 5th ed)
Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures
Methods, procedures, and tests performed to diagnose disease, disordered function, or disability.
Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic
An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of the THORACIC AORTA. This proximal descending portion of aorta gives rise to the visceral and the parietal branches above the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm.

Atrophy of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle as an indicator of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. (1/68)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscle is one of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. As such, recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy should not only result in paralysis of the true vocal cord or thyroarytenoid muscle but also in a similar change in the PCA muscle. The ability of CT and MR imaging to depict denervation atrophy in the PCA muscle in patients with recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy was evaluated. METHODS: Two investigators reviewed the CT and/or MR studies of 20 patients with a clinical history of vocal cord paralysis. The appearance of the PCA muscle was given a rating of 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, with 0 being definitely normal and 4 being definitely abnormal or atrophic. Each study was also reviewed for the presence or absence of other features of vocal cord paralysis: thyroarytenoid muscle atrophy, anteromedial deviation of the arytenoid cartilage, an enlarged piriform sinus and laryngeal ventricle, and a paramedian cord. RESULTS: Atrophy of the PCA muscle was shown unequivocally in 65% of the cases and was most likely present in an additional 20%. The frequency with which other features of vocal cord paralysis were seen was as follows: thyroarytenoid atrophy, 95%; anteromedial deviation of the arytenoid cartilage, 70%; enlarged piriform sinus, 100%; enlarged laryngeal ventricle, 90%; and a paramedian cord, 100%. CONCLUSION: Atrophy of the PCA muscle may be commonly documented on CT and MR studies in patients with recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and vocal cord paralysis, and therefore should be part of the constellation of imaging features of vocal cord paralysis. This finding is particularly useful when other imaging findings of vocal cord paralysis are absent or equivocal.  (+info)

Quantitative analysis of the anatomy of the epineurium of the canine recurrent laryngeal nerve. (2/68)

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the amount of epineurium surrounding the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) compared with a limb nerve, that to flexor hallicus longus (NFHL). Nerve samples were obtained from 10 adult dogs and studied using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy to measure the relative proportion of epineurium and the relative proportions of adipose and collagenous tissue comprising the epineurium in both nerves. Significantly greater relative epineurial cross-sectional areas and adipose content were found in the RLN than in the NFHL. Based on observations on noncranial peripheral nerves, the findings indicate that the RLN is better protected against deformational forces associated with compression than stretching forces. The RLN may not be structured well for successful reinnervation after injury. The patterns observed for adipose tissue in RLN epineurial tissue appeared unique compared with those previously reported in peripheral nerves. The primary role associated with adipose tissue is to 'package' the nerve for protection. The RLN is considered to be a vital nerve in the body, as are other cranial nerves. The large proportions of adipose tissue in the epineurium may relate to the importance of protecting this nerve from injury.  (+info)

Synchronized fast rhythms in inspiratory and expiratory nerve discharges during fictive vocalization. (3/68)

In precollicular decerebrate and paralyzed cats, respiratory nerve activities were recorded during fictive vocalization (FV), which consisted of a distinctive pattern of 1) decreased inspiratory (I) and expiratory (E) phase durations, 2) marked increase of phrenic activity and moderate changes of recurrent laryngeal (RL) and superior laryngeal (SL) I activities, and 3) massive recruitment of laryngeal and abdominal (ABD; lumbar) E activities. FV was produced by electrical stimulation (100 Hz) in the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) or its putative descending pathways in the ventrolateral pons (VLP). Spectral and correlation analyses revealed three types of effect on fast rhythms during FV. 1) I activities: the coherent high-frequency oscillations in I (I-HFO, 60-90 Hz) present in phrenic and RL discharges during the control state did not change qualitatively, but there was an increase of power and a moderate increase (4-10 Hz) of frequency. Sometimes a distinct relatively weak stimulus-locked rhythm appeared. 2) RL and SL activities during E: in recruited discharges, a prominent intrinsic rhythm (coherent E-HFOs at 50-70 Hz) appeared; sometimes a distinct relatively strong stimulus-locked rhythm appeared. 3) ABD activities during E: this recruited activity had no intrinsic rhythm but had an evoked oscillation locked to the stimulus frequency. Thus FV is characterized by 1) appearance of prominent coherent intrinsic rhythms in RL and SL E discharges, which presumably arise as a result of excitation and increased interactions in laryngeal networks; 2) modification of intrinsic rhythmic interactions in inspiratory networks; and 3) evoked rhythms in augmenting-E neuron networks without occurrence of intrinsic rhythms.  (+info)

Nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve during carotid artery surgery: case report and literature review. (4/68)

The anomalous position of a nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve predisposes it to injury during surgery in the neck. We present the case of a patient who underwent a carotid endarterectomy in which a rare left nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve was found intraoperatively. This abnormality, which occurs much less often on the left than the right side of the neck, should be familiar to vascular surgeons. Historical, embryologic, and surgical significance of this anomaly is addressed.  (+info)

Left vocal cord paralysis associated with long-standing patent ductus arteriosus. (5/68)

SUMMARY: Left vocal cord paralysis in association with patent ductus arteriosus is unusual. We report a patient with long-standing patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in whom CT studies obtained before and after paralysis developed showed an interval increase in size of the pulmonary trunk. The pathogenesis of left vocal cord paralysis in association with long-standing PDA is discussed.  (+info)

Relationship between the recurrent laryngeal nerve and the inferior thyroid artery: a study in corpses. (6/68)

The anatomical relationship between the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and the inferior thyroid artery (ITA) was studied in 76 embalmed corpses, 8 females and 68 males. In both sexes, the RLN lay more frequently between branches of the ITA.; it was found in this position in 47.3% of male corpses and 42.8% of female ones. On the right, RLN was found between branches of the ITA in 49.3% of the cases, anterior to it in 38.04%, and posterior in 11.26%. On the left, the RLN lay between branches of the ITA in 44.45%, posterior to the ITA in 37.05%, and anterior to it in 18.05% of the cases. In 62.68% of the cases, the relationship found on one side did not occur again on the opposite side. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the distribution of the 3 types of relationships between the RLN and the ITA, on the right and on the left. Racial variations could contribute to an explanation of the differences observed by authors of different countries in the relationship between the RLN and the ITA.  (+info)

Use of the laryngeal mask airway in thyroid and parathyroid surgery as an aid to the identification and preservation of the recurrent laryngeal nerves. (7/68)

A prospective study was carried out in patients undergoing thyroid and parathyroid surgery using a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) and electrical nerve stimulation to identify the recurrent laryngeal nerves. A total of 150 consecutive patients undergoing thyroid and parathyroid surgery by a single surgeon were assessed for suitability of anaesthesia via the LMA. Peroperatively, a fibre-optic laryngoscope was passed through the LMA to enable the anaesthetist to visualise the vocal cords while adduction of the cords was elicited by applying a nerve stimulator in the operative field. In all, 144 patients were selected for anaesthesia via the LMA. Fibre-optic laryngoscopy and nerve stimulation were performed in 64 patients (42.7%). The trachea was deviated in 51 (34.0%) and narrowed in 33 (22.0%). The recurrent laryngeal nerves were identified in all patients. There were no cases of vocal cord dysfunction resulting from surgery. The LMA can be safely used for thyroid and parathyroid surgery even in the presence of a deviated or narrowed trachea. It can assist in identification and preservation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and is, therefore, of benefit to both patient and surgeon.  (+info)

Selective suppression of late laryngeal adductor responses by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blockade in the cat. (8/68)

Laryngeal adductor responses to afferent stimulation play a key role in airway protection. Although vital for protection during cough and swallow, these responses also must be centrally controlled to prevent airway obstruction by laryngospasm during prolonged stimulation. Our purpose was to determine the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in modulating early R1 responses (at 9 ms) and/or later more prolonged R2 responses (at 36 ms) during electrical stimulation of the laryngeal afferent fibers contained in the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve in the cat. The percent occurrence, amplitude, and conditioning of muscle responses to single superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) stimuli presented in pairs at interstimulus intervals of 250 ms were measured in three experiments: 1) animals that had ketamine as anesthetic premedication were compared with those who did not, when both were maintained under alpha-chloralose anesthesia. 2) The effects of administering ketamine in one group of animals were compared with increasing the depth of alpha-chloralose anesthesia without NMDA receptor blockade in another group of animals. 3) The effects of dextromethorphan (without anesthetic effects) were examined in another group of animals. In the first experiment, the occurrence of R2 responses were reduced from 95% in animals without ketamine premedication to 25% in animals with ketamine premedication (P = 0.015). No differences occurred in the occurrence, amplitude, latency, or conditioning effects on R1 responses between these groups. In the second experiment, the occurrence of R2 responses was reduced from 96 to 79% after an increase in the depth of anesthesia with alpha-chloralose in contrast with reductions in R2 occurrence from 98 to 19% following the administration of ketamine to induce NMDA receptor blockade along with increased anesthesia (P = 0.025). In the third experiment, R2 occurrence was reduced from 89 to 27% (P = 0.017) with administration of dextromethorphan while R1 response occurrence and amplitude did not change. In each of these experiments, NMDA receptor blockade did not have significant effects on cardiac or respiratory rates in any of the animals. The results demonstrate that NMDA receptors play an essential role in long latency R2 laryngeal responses to laryngeal afferent stimulation. On the other hand, early R1 laryngeal adductor responses are likely to involve non-NMDA receptor activation.  (+info)

Left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy secondary to an aortic aneurysm (Ortners syndrome) | The British Journal of CardiologyLeft recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy secondary to an aortic aneurysm (Ortners syndrome) | The British Journal of Cardiology
In patients presenting with persistent hoarseness due to left recurrent laryngeal nerve (LRLN) palsy and an abnormal left hilum on chest radiographs, a major cause is bronchogenic carcinoma. We describe two cases presenting with such a combination of symptoms and signs in whom a diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma was suspected. In each case, the LRLN palsy was in fact due to direct compression of the nerve by an aortic aneurysm.. ...
https://bjcardio.co.uk/2004/01/left-recurrent-laryngeal-nerve-palsy-secondary-to-an-aortic-aneurysm-ortners-syndrome/
Remote delivery of rAAV-GFP to the rat brainstem through the recurrent laryngeal nerve. - Semantic ScholarRemote delivery of rAAV-GFP to the rat brainstem through the recurrent laryngeal nerve. - Semantic Scholar
OBJECTIVE To demonstrate that a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector (rAAV) carrying the gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP) could be delivered to the rat brainstem by remote injection into the recurrent laryngeal nerve. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS rAAV-GFP is a serotype 2 adeno-associated vector containing the cDNA of GFP and woodchuck hepatitis virus posttranscriptional regulatory element (WPRE) under the control of the CAG promoter (obtained from Matthew During, PhD, Thomas Jefferson Medical College). Five microliters or 10 microL of 1.4 x 109 particles/microL of rAAV-GFP were injected into the right recurrent laryngeal nerve of adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were killed and perfused at 3 (n = 3) and 11 weeks (n = 3). Brainstems were removed and cryosectioned. Fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) was performed on cryosections from animals killed at 3 weeks using a cDNA probe for woodchuck polyribosomal enzyme within the rAAV vector. In a third group (n = 2), Fluoro-Gold (Fluorochrome, Inc.,
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Remote-delivery-of-rAAV-GFP-to-the-rat-brainstem-t-Rubin-Hogikyan/5368f76e29094009ea32bca552caf426faa7dc96
Visualization Versus Intraoperative Neuromonitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves in Thyroid Surgery - Tabular View -...Visualization Versus Intraoperative Neuromonitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves in Thyroid Surgery - Tabular View -...
Apart from hypoparathyroidism, dysfunction of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is the most common complication following thyroid surgery. In consequence, the voice impairment leading to communication work-related problems and affecting psychological and social aspects of the individuals functioning diminishes the overall quality of life, being the common reason for medicolegal claims and litigation. The reported RLN palsy rate varies in the literature from 0% (for first-time thyroid surgery performed by an experienced endocrine surgeon) to as much as 20% (for reoperative thyroid surgery or thyroid malignancy surgery performed in low-volume centers), depending mostly on the type of thyroid disease (benign vs. malignant goiter), type (first-time vs. reoperation) and the extent of thyroid resection (subtotal vs. total thyroidectomy), surgical technique (with or without routine RLN identification) and the surgeons experience (low-volume vs. high-volume thyroid surgery center.. In 1938, Lahey ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT00661024
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy after Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery:The Impact of Endotracheal Tube Cuff Deflation,...Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy after Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery:The Impact of Endotracheal Tube Cuff Deflation,...
The incidence of paralysis in our series was much less than that reported by Jung et al. 16 (3% vs. 20.8%). In Jungs series, all exposures were right sided. By contrast, surgeons in our practice performed, almost exclusively, either right- or left-sided approaches, depending on their training and personal preference. The paralysis rate for our right-sided procedures compares closely with the overall paralysis rate reported by Jung et al. This apparent predilection for vocal fold paralysis after a right-sided approach has previously been documented.1,4 Surgeons, the majority of whom were right hand dominant, found the right-sided approach technically easier and so operated from that side more frequently.1,15,17 The preponderance of right-sided events was presumed to be a function of the frequent use of that approach. But there are also anatomical differences between the RLN on the right and left18 that may result in a greater propensity of right-sided injury. The right RLN is shorter and travels ...
http://anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org/article.aspx?articleid=1923418
Intraoperative Monitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve in Thyroid Surgery | SpringerLinkIntraoperative Monitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve in Thyroid Surgery | SpringerLink
Background Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy ranks among the leading reasons for medicolegal litigation of surgeons because of its attendant reduction in quality of life. As a risk minimization...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00268-008-9483-2
EURORAD - Radiologic Teaching FilesEURORAD - Radiologic Teaching Files
The arteria lusoria is a rare anomaly of the right subclavian artery. This artery arises from the aortic arch distal to the left subclavian artery crossing the midline behind the oesophagus. This abnormality remains generally silent, is often an incidental X-ray finding and is often associated with a non-recurrent laryngeal nerve. The embryological nature of such anatomical variations originally results from the vascular disorder known as arteria lusoria in which the fourth right aortic arch is abnormally absorbed, and is therefore unable to drag the right recurrent laryngeal nerve down when the heart descends and the neck elongates during embryonic development. The surgeon must be aware of the possibility of a non-recurrent laryngeal nerve, which directly arises from the cervical vagus and therefore represents a severe potential pitfall during thyroidectomy. When the preoperative studies (e.g. CT) show the presence of a lusorian artery, the surgeon will be aware of this association. As for as ...
http://eurorad.org/eurorad/case.php?id=2914&lang=en
Improving Voice Outcomes After Injury to the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve - Iranian Rehabilitation JournalImproving Voice Outcomes After Injury to the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve - Iranian Rehabilitation Journal
Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the voice outcomes before and after the administration of voice therapy in patients who suffered an injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve after undergoing thyroidectomy. Methods: The sample consisted of 26 patients (2 males and 24 females) aged between 18 and 80 years ...
http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-784-en.html
pig | Medtiquitypig | Medtiquity
Galen demonstrating the effects of the recurrent laryngeal nerve during the dissection of a pig. The recurrent laryngeal nerves are branches of the vagus nerves that control nearly all of the intrinsic muscles of the voice box. Therefore, injury to one or both may cause hoarseness or even a complete inability to phonate. The etymology is nothing to write home about, but the story of their discovery definitely is. The famed Greek physician Galen, while conducting an experiment on a live, strapped-down pig, accidentally cut both laryngeal nerves; the pig continued to struggle but completely stopped squealing. He ultimately traced out the path of the nerves and confirmed that they originated from the vagus nerves. He noted that there is a hairlike pair [of nerves] in the muscles of the larynx on both left and right, which if ligated or cut render the animal speechless without damaging either its life or functional activity. Galen held a public demonstration of his experiment in Rome that was ...
http://medtiquity.com/tag/pig/
Influence of experience on performance of individual surgeons in thyroid surgery: prospective cross sectional multicentre study...Influence of experience on performance of individual surgeons in thyroid surgery: prospective cross sectional multicentre study...
We described the characteristics of the hospitals and surgeons using absolute frequencies with percentages for categorical variables. We calculated mean values with standard deviations and median values with minimum-maximum intervals for continuous variables. We calculated 95% confidence intervals of complication rates using an exact method based on binomial distribution and used the Spearmans rank correlation test to investigate correlation between surgeons length of experience and age, as well as the overall number of thyroidectomies previously undertaken. To identify variables associated with recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and hypoparathyroidism, we compared thyroid procedures with and without complications. We used χ2 and Mann-Whitney tests to compare categorical and continuous variables, respectively. We identified the factors associated with the probability of each complication by calculating crude and adjusted odds ratios using a mixed effects logistic regression. This approach was ...
https://www.bmj.com/content/344/bmj.d8041
Plus itPlus it
Editor - In their lesson of the week article, Raja Shariff et al listed a differential diagnosis of Ortners syndrome which should have included not just compression of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve (LRLN) by left atrial enlargement but also compression of the recurrent laryngeal nerve by a large thrombotic formation that completely occlude(s) the outflow tract of the pulmonary artery, as in the case of pulmonary embolism (PE) reported by Polverino et al.1,2 Accordingly, for the sake of completeness, they should have evaluated their patient not only for left atrial enlargement but also for stigmata of PE.. The rationale for evaluation for PE even when left atrial enlargement has been documented by echocardiography is that mitral stenosis is a risk factor for PE (and, hence, for Ortners syndrome) in its own right, and also a risk factor for mitral stenosis-related mortality.3-5 The occurrence of mitral stenosis-related PE was exemplified by a 43-year-old man who presented with severe ...
https://www.rcpjournals.org/content/clinmedicine/21/2/e241.1
Browse In Prostate-specific antigen, Resection of tumour, Testosterone, Facial weakness | EDM Case ReportsBrowse In Prostate-specific antigen, Resection of tumour, Testosterone, Facial weakness | EDM Case Reports
A 48-year-old man was diagnosed with a large macroprolactinoma in 1982 treated with surgery, adjuvant radiotherapy and bromocriptine. Normal prolactin was achieved in 2005 but in 2009 it started rising. Pituitary MRIs in 2009, 2012, 2014 and 2015 were reported as showing empty pituitary fossa. Prolactin continued to increase (despite increasing bromocriptine dose). Trialling cabergoline had no effect (prolactin 191,380 mU/L). In January 2016, he presented with right facial weakness and CT head was reported as showing no acute intracranial abnormality. In late 2016, he was referred to ENT with hoarse voice; left hypoglossal and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsies were found. At this point, prolactin was 534,176 mU/L. Just before further endocrine review, he had a fall and CT head showed a basal skull mass invading the left petrous temporal bone. Pituitary MRI revealed a large enhancing mass within the sella infiltrating the clivus, extending into the left petrous apex and occipital condyle with ...
https://edm.bioscientifica.com/cases/diagnosis-treatment?pageSize=10&sort=datedescending&t_0=investigation_322&t_1=intervention_100&t_2=medication_348&t_3=signs-symptoms_262
Browse In Glucocorticoids, Radiotherapy, Prostate-specific antigen, Testosterone, Immunostaining, Male, Related Disciplines |...Browse In Glucocorticoids, Radiotherapy, Prostate-specific antigen, Testosterone, Immunostaining, Male, Related Disciplines |...
A 48-year-old man was diagnosed with a large macroprolactinoma in 1982 treated with surgery, adjuvant radiotherapy and bromocriptine. Normal prolactin was achieved in 2005 but in 2009 it started rising. Pituitary MRIs in 2009, 2012, 2014 and 2015 were reported as showing empty pituitary fossa. Prolactin continued to increase (despite increasing bromocriptine dose). Trialling cabergoline had no effect (prolactin 191,380 mU/L). In January 2016, he presented with right facial weakness and CT head was reported as showing no acute intracranial abnormality. In late 2016, he was referred to ENT with hoarse voice; left hypoglossal and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsies were found. At this point, prolactin was 534,176 mU/L. Just before further endocrine review, he had a fall and CT head showed a basal skull mass invading the left petrous temporal bone. Pituitary MRI revealed a large enhancing mass within the sella infiltrating the clivus, extending into the left petrous apex and occipital condyle with ...
https://edm.bioscientifica.com/cases/diagnosis-treatment?access=open&pageSize=10&sort=datedescending&t=medication_163&t_0=intervention_98&t_1=investigation_322&t_2=medication_348&t_3=investigation_227&t_4=gender_1&t_5=related-disciplines
Nerve palsy, laryngealNerve palsy, laryngeal
Paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the vagus nerve (a long and important nerve that originates in the brainstem and runs down to the colon). After the recurrent laryngeal nerve leaves the vagus nerve, it goes down into the…
https://medicine.enacademic.com/5558/Nerve_palsy%2C_laryngeal
Patent US4907602 - Device for controlling the glottic opening - Google PatentsPatent US4907602 - Device for controlling the glottic opening - Google Patents
A method and devices for transcutaneous or transmucosal stimulation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve are provided. Recurrent laryngeal nerve stimulation is delivered by applying electric charge from an electrode in the form of a probe or an indwelling device to the intact neck skin at specific points along the tracheoesophageal groove or to mucosa within the esophagus, larynx, or trachea. In accordance with the present invention vocal cord excursion is related to frequency of the electrical stimulus.
http://www.google.com/patents/US4907602?dq=6,418,462
The Right Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve by WED 2D on PreziThe Right Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve by WED 2D on Prezi
Figure 5. Vocal Cord Problems. From Vocal Cord Polyps, Nodules, and Granulomas by The Merck Manual Home Health Handbook, 2013, http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/ear_nose_and_throat_disorders/mouth_and_throat_disorders/vocal_cord_polyps_nodules_and_granulomas. ...
https://prezi.com/ejxwov5_lhs9/the-right-recurrent-laryngeal-nerve/
Improvement in phonation after reconstruction of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in patients with thyroid cancer invading the...Improvement in phonation after reconstruction of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in patients with thyroid cancer invading the...
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19958932
Impact of recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring on resolution of.... Thyroid World Congress ePoster Library. Sheahan P. Jun 20...Impact of recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring on resolution of.... Thyroid World Congress ePoster Library. Sheahan P. Jun 20...
Instantly find & access educational materials and complete eLearning activities at your leisure. Native iPad/iPhone/Android Apps are available for the convenience of on-the-go users.
https://thyroidworldcongress.multilearning.com/thyroidworldcongress/2019/eposter/272094/patrick.sheahan.impact.of.recurrent.laryngeal.nerve.monitoring.on.resolution.html?f=listing%3D3%2Abrowseby%3D8%2Asortby%3D1%2Amedia%3D1
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves (RLNs)Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves (RLNs)
Purposes of this site: 1) to present some of the genetic evidence that gives the evolutionary model such a concrete foundation. 2) to refute the creationist propaganda being inserted into an abridged version of Darwins On the Origin of Species.
https://www.evolutionarymodel.com/apps/photos/photo?photoid=56959378&fw_comments_page=2&fw_comments_order=DESC
Laryngeal Reinnervation - Vocal Fold - Kelmac MedicalLaryngeal Reinnervation - Vocal Fold - Kelmac Medical
Randal C. Paniello. Introduction 189. RationaleforReinnervation in UVFP 189. ChoiceofDonorNerve 190. Choice of Anesthesia /. ContingencyPlans 191. Technique ofAnsa Cervicalis toRLNAnastomosis 192. Technique of Hypoglossal Nerve toRLNAnastomosis 193. PostoperativeCare 194. Results ofAnimal Studies 194. Clinical Results 195. Ansa-RLN 195. Ansa-RLN and Medialization 195. Hypoglossal Nerve 196. Original RLN 196. ReinnervationorMedialization? 197. Cricothyroid Reinnervation 197. AbductorReinnervation 198. Phrenic Nerve 198. Ansa Cervicalis 199. Combined Adductor and Abductor. Reinnervation 199. BidirectionalMotion:AnimalModels . ... 199 Reinnervation for Laryngeal. Transplantation 199. Conclusion 200. Chapter 12. Was this article helpful?. ...
http://www.kelmacmedical.us/vocal-fold/laryngeal-reinnervation.html
Bergen Open Research Archive: EMG changes during continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring with sustained recurrent laryngeal...Bergen Open Research Archive: EMG changes during continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring with sustained recurrent laryngeal...
Purpose: Traction is the most common cause of injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in endocrine neck surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate specific alterations to the electromyogram (EMG) and verify safe alarm limits in a porcine model of sustained traction of the RLN using continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring (C-IONM). Methods: Sixteen Norwegian Landrace pigs were anesthetized and intubated with a tracheal tube with a stick-on laryngeal electrode. EMG was recorded at baseline (BL) and during sustained traction applied to each RLN until 70 % amplitude decrease from BL, and during 30-min recovery. Results: In 29 nerves at risk (NAR), BL amplitude and latency values were 1098 ± 418 (586-2255) μV (mean ± SD (range)) (right vagus) and 845 ± 289 (522-1634) μV (left vagus), and 4.7 ± 0.5 (4.1-5.9) ms and 7.9 ± 0.8 (6.7-9.6) ms, respectively. At 50 % amplitude decrease, latency increased by 14.0 ± 5.7 % (right side) and 14.5 ± 9.1 % (left side) compared with BL. ...
https://bora.uib.no/bora-xmlui/handle/1956/15318
JCDR - Combined Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve and Phrenic Nerve Palsy: A Rare Presentation of Thoracic Aortic AneurysmJCDR - Combined Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve and Phrenic Nerve Palsy: A Rare Presentation of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research aims to publish findings of doctors at grass root level and post graduate students, so that all unique medical experiences are recorded in literature.
http://jcdr.net/article_abstract.asp?issn=0973-709x&year=2017&month=May&volume=11&issue=5&page=TD01-TD02&id=9765
RLN Archives - ENTtodayRLN Archives - ENTtoday
Is intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) during thyroidectomy better than identification alone at reducing the risk of true vocal fold palsy (TVFP)? Background: TVFP is one of the most feared complications of thyroidectomy and is, along with hypoparathyroidism, one of the leading causes for litigation after thyroidectomy. Additionally, some individuals with unilateral […]. ...
http://www.enttoday.org/tag/rln/
Natural Selection, why not even better? | Physics Forums - The Fusion of Science and CommunityNatural Selection, why not even better? | Physics Forums - The Fusion of Science and Community
Its not always about energy expenditure. Changing the structure of the eye could mean it is more susceptible to injury, which would lower our fitness. You also have to consider that even if there is a way to alter our eyes without making them more fragile, there may be no way to get from our current eye to the new one without going through steps in between that reduce our fitness. A good example is the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), the nerve that controls your larynx. You would expect that the nerve would split off from the main vagus nerve around the level of the larynx and run directly to it. But this isnt the case. The two branches of the RLN run all the way down into your chest before splitting off and running back up to your larynx. The left RLN in particular takes a very indirect approach, looping under your aortic arch before running all the way up to your larynx ...
https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/natural-selection-why-not-even-better.765834/
Elusive nerve - The MDUElusive nerve - The MDU
A patient claimed that her consultant ENT surgeon negligently injured her recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) during a thyroidectomy, leading to an RLN palsy.
https://www.themdu.com/guidance-and-advice/case-studies/elusive-nerve?Region=Scotland&LocalRole=norole
Browses Introduction to the Investigation and Management of by Norman L. Browse, John Black, Kevin G. Burnand, Steven A. -...Browses Introduction to the Investigation and Management of by Norman L. Browse, John Black, Kevin G. Burnand, Steven A. -...
An example is hoarseness after thyroid surgery caused by temporary or permanent damage to a recurrent laryngeal nerve. g. dislocation of a joint replacement or the breakdown of an anastomosis. External intestinal fistula The development of an external intestinal fistula is a serious complication of an abdominal bowel resection. If an anastomosis breaks down because of poor technique, ischaemia or failure to heal, leaking bowel content may cause generalized peritonitis. When the anastomosis has been walled off with omentum the leakage will be confined until it finds its way out through the wound or, if a drain has been placed, through the drain site. Insulin-dependent diabetics should not be on long-acting preparations. The complication to be avoided at all costs is hypoglycaemia and its associated unconsciousness, which may be fatal. This is prevented by giving intravenous glucose, and erring on the side of a high rather than a low blood sugar. g. converts hernia repair into an abdominal ...
http://rosannajohnsson.com/index.php/books/browses-introduction-to-the-investigation-and-management-of-surgical-disease
TNO Repository search for: creator:Bouvy, N.D.TNO Repository search for: creator:Bouvy, N.D.
INTRODUCTION: In thyroid and parathyroid surgery iatrogenic injury of the parathyroid glands or the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is a possible complication that needs to be prevented. The visible contrast between thyroid and parathyroid tissue is delicate to observe. The aim of this pilot study was to collect in vivo spectral reflectance-signatures of critical tissue types encountered during thyroid and parathyroid surgery, and to assess the presence of useful spectral distinctive features that might be applied for future devices enabling intraoperative tissue-specific image contrast enhancement. METHODS: Wide-band spectra (350-1830nm, 1nm resolution) were collected in vivo during thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Subjected to tissue type accessibility, on average 2 tissue types per patient were measured. For each tissue type, 5 spectra were recorded per site, covering 1-2 sites per tissue type. Mean tissue spectra were calculated for all measured tissue types. After visually comparing these ...
https://repository.tudelft.nl/search/tno/?q=creator%3A%22Bouvy%2C%20N.D.%22
Atlas of Human Embryos Chapter 8Atlas of Human Embryos Chapter 8
All of the named peripheral nerves can be identified by the end of the eighth week. As viscera and muscle masses shift in their position, their nerves accommodate the shifts by increasing in length. The heart and diaphragm receive most of their innervation when they are in the cervical region. Since their nerves (superior, middle and inferior cervical cardiac nerves of the heart and phrenic nerve of the diaphragm) follow them as they migrate caudally, they begin in the neck and descend through the root of the neck and thorax. Likewise, the larynx receives its motor innervation from the vagus when the aortic arches are farther cranially. When the arches migrate caudally with the heart, the recurrent laryngeal nerve follows causing it to recur in its course to the larynx. In the adult it passes around the aortic arch and ligamentum arteriosum on the left, which were derived from the fourth and sixth arches, respectively. Since on the right side the distal part of the sixth arch disappears, the ...
https://affiliate.ehd.org/virtual-human-embryo/aohe_text.php?chapter=8§ion=2&search=4199&q=diaphragm
JCDR - Effect of Dissection of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves on Parathyroid Insufficiency during Total Thyroidectomy...JCDR - Effect of Dissection of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves on Parathyroid Insufficiency during Total Thyroidectomy...
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research aims to publish findings of doctors at grass root level and post graduate students, so that all unique medical experiences are recorded in literature.
http://www.jcdr.net/article_abstract.asp?issn=0973-709x&year=2016&volume=10&issue=2&page=PC01&issn=0973-709x&id=7196
Dans blogDans blog
Dr. Ladenson (Dans endocrinologist) just stopped by to give us a bit more info. He spoke to Dans surgeon who was optimistic about being close to completing the surgery. The surgeon found several nodes, but many of them were very difficult to access. He had nodes posterior to both clavicles and one on the left that was adjacent to the subclavian artery. It also turns out that the nodes identified by ultrasound in the central compartment was actually residual thyroid tissue. This part of the surgery was especially difficult because of close proximity to the recurrent laryngeal nerve and phrenic nerve. Dr. Ladenson and Dr. Tufano (the ENT surgeon) both sound optimistic about his recovery time. We are relieved ...
http://millerclimb.blogspot.com/2008/07/this-is-maggie.html
Anterior Cervical Fusion - Oncology Nurse AdvisorAnterior Cervical Fusion - Oncology Nurse Advisor
Benefits: General anesthesia provides an optimal surgical field with a secured airway. This is particularly crucial given the surgical risk to vital structures in the anterior neck (carotid artery, internal jugular vein, recurrent laryngeal nerve, trachea, and esophagus).. Drawbacks: The side effects of general anesthetics are the only drawbacks of this technique, but this is the only manageable option.. Preoperative airway concerns: Due to the nature of the disease process, a careful airway exam including neck range of motion and its impact on neurologic symptoms should be obtained prior to induction. In general, the airway should be secured with the technique that is most familiar to the anesthetic team and least likely to cause airway trauma or worsen neurologic symptoms with extremes of positioning. This may be an awake fiberoptic intubation in a patient with a suspected difficult airway and severe gastroesophageal reflux disease or the use of video laryngoscopy or traditional direct ...
https://www.oncologynurseadvisor.com/home/decision-support-in-medicine/anesthesiology/anterior-cervical-fusion/
Surgical management of head and neck cancer - procedures - Clinical Pain AdvisorSurgical management of head and neck cancer - procedures - Clinical Pain Advisor
The most important concern in all head and neck cancer patients is the condition of the airway. A history of dyspnea, dysphagia, obstructive sleep apnea, a change in the voice, exercise intolerance, radiation to the head and neck region, previous head and neck surgery, and previous difficulty with intubation may be clues to a difficult airway.. Some patients with pharyngeal, neck, or anterior mediastinal tumors may have airway obstruction when lying supine but can breathe when lying prone or in a lateral position. Apart from a thorough physical examination of the airway from the teeth inwards, preoperative evaluation of the airway may include direct and indirect laryngoscopy, bronchoscopy, and radiological tests, such as antero-posterior and lateral X-rays films of the neck, CT scans, and MRI images to determine the state of the airway anatomy and the extent of cancer spread.. The condition of the recurrent laryngeal nerve should be known preoperatively for medical and medico-legal reasons ...
https://www.clinicalpainadvisor.com/home/decision-support-in-medicine/anesthesiology/surgical-management-of-head-and-neck-cancer-procedures/
Adala Darqiyya MukibbiyyaAdala Darqiyya Mukibbiyya
One of the muscles of larynx. It is supplied by Recurrent laryngeal nerve. Its possible English equivalent is thyroepiglotticus muscle.
https://www.unanimedworld.com/unani-terminology/adala-darqiyya-mukibbiyya
when do you take alesse thewhen do you take alesse the
1 Radiation. Approximately 85 percent of the parathyroid glands are found within 1 cm of the junction of the inferior thyroid artery and recurrent laryngeal nerves. In addition, central nicotinic receptors wh en reduced in brains of Alzheimer patients. A.
http://a-megagame.ru/latest-pills-in-india/when-do-you-take-alesse.html
Persuasive Essay Animal Testing Is Wrong current topics for essay writing 2017 mouzakitis, aikaterini-mariaPersuasive Essay Animal Testing Is Wrong current topics for essay writing 2017 mouzakitis, aikaterini-maria
In the business context, advertising is a marketing tool that is aimed at convincing. This would be Persuasive first testing the United States and also for most of the Persuasive. Animal other critical functions, mitochondria convert animal into testing via the electron transport chain. Essay discussed is ongoing testing into animal studies Persuasive improve the wrong of wrong laryngeal reinnervation!. com. Differences wrong the Y and mtDNA distributions indicate how migration, intermarriage wrong female exogamy have essay the gene pool. By subtracting testing personal desire for them plus their circumstance, you generate a solid connection that, on many Persuasive, pays off once the owners opt with a realtor animal know plus trust preferably you.. Opportunity that would essay from essay as much as possible from books and beginning to see that the world focuses on more than just history and English. Testing and his near-namesake colleague Frederik Obermaier essay out to the International ...
http://coxamurusizim.c0.pl/etcessay/persuasive-essay-animal-testing-is-wrong.php
SearchSearch
Results: The mean initial labelling index for p53 in nonrecurrent tumours was 0.38% (0-1.58%), while it was 0.46% (0-3.65%) for recurrent adenomas. The mean initial MIB-1 index for nonrecurrent tumours was 1.63% (0.08-9.36%), while for recurrent tumours it was 1.92% (0-7.76%). The percentage of p53 positive adenomas was 66% for nonrecurrent tumours and 68% for recurrent tumours. None of the differences in the labelling indices between the recurrent and nonrecurrent groups was statistically significant. As 12 patients (38%) in the nonrecurrent group had undergone radiotherapy as initial adjuvant therapy after surgery and none of the recurrent group had done so, patients who did not receive radiotherapy in the nonrecurrent group were analyzed separately. Again, none of the differences in the labelling indices between the recurrent and nonrecurrent groups was statistically significant when the effect of radiotherapy was removed from the analysis.. ...
https://core-cms.prod.aop.cambridge.org/core/search?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=Stephen%20J.%20Hentschel&eventCode=SE-AU
Untitled Prezi by Deanna McMichael on PreziUntitled Prezi by Deanna McMichael on Prezi
Blood must pass through two capillary beds which lowers blood pressure and the speed at which the blood travels. This can be increased by the fishs movement. biology-gcse.blogspot.com Amphibians ~Double circulation allows for rigorous blood flow. ~The blood is pumped into the pulmocutaneous circuit which leads to gas exchange ~Three chambered hearts (two atria and one ventricle) sites.google.com Reptiles (not including birds) ~The ventricle is partially divided by a septum which reduces the amount of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood that mix ~Double circulation ~Three chambered heart www.emc.maricopa. ...
https://prezi.com/dwtxahbumu5t/untitled-prezi/
Medizin: EpineuriumMedizin: Epineurium
Medizin: Epineurium. Klinisches W rterbuch von Otto Dornbl th. Definition und Bedeutung im historischen Lexikon der medizinischen Begriffe
https://www.textlog.de/13617.html
Superior laryngeal nerve - WikipediaSuperior laryngeal nerve - Wikipedia
The superior laryngeal nerve is a branch of the vagus nerve. It arises from the middle of the inferior ganglion of vagus nerve and in its course receives a branch from the superior cervical ganglion of the sympathetic nervous system. All intrinsic laryngeal muscles except the cricothyroids are innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. The cricothyroid muscles are innervated by the superior laryngeal nerve. The superior laryngeal nerve consists of two branches: the internal laryngeal nerve (sensory), which supplies sensory fibers to the laryngeal mucosa, and the external laryngeal nerve (motor), which innervates the cricothyroid muscle. The recurrent laryngeal nerve gets its name from the fact that it loops below the aorta on its way to the intrinsic muscles of the larynx. The left recurrent laryngeal nerve passes under and around the aorta on its way to the larynx, whereas the right recurrent laryngeal nerve passes under and around the subclavian artery. Because the aorta is inferior to the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior_laryngeal_nerve
Intraoperative neuromonitoring versus visual nerve identification for prevention of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in adults...Intraoperative neuromonitoring versus visual nerve identification for prevention of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in adults...
Cirocchi R, DAndrea V, Arezzo A, Abraha I, Passera R, Avenia N, Randolph J, Barczyñski M. Intraoperative neuromonitoring versus visual nerve identification for prevention of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in adults undergoing thyroid surgery. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2016, Issue 12. Art. No.: CD012483. DOI: 10.1002/14651858. ...
http://www.cochrane.org/CD012483/ENDOC_intraoperative-neuromonitoring-versus-visual-nerve-identification-prevention-recurrent-laryngeal
Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury and preservation in thyroidectomy | AVESÄ°SRecurrent laryngeal nerve injury and preservation in thyroidectomy | AVESÄ°S
Objectives: We aim to evaluate the rates of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury after thyroidectomy and to put forward the factors influencing the risk of RLN injury during thyroid surgery. ...
https://avesis.gazi.edu.tr/yayin/df788bda-5e01-498d-9df5-c0aff567e319/recurrent-laryngeal-nerve-injury-and-preservation-in-thyroidectomy
Thyroid Surgery - Edge Neuro MonitoringThyroid Surgery - Edge Neuro Monitoring
Thyroid disorders affect millions of people worldwide. In many cases, surgical treatment is necessary and often the only solution. For example, where a goitre, an enlargement of the thyroid gland, has formed, or if malignant changes are found, surgical intervention is recommended.. In the case of surgical intervention where partial removal of the thyroid gland (subtotal thyroidectomy) or its complete removal (total thyroidectomy) is required, these procedures carry a risk of damage to the vocal cord nerve, the recurrent laryngeal nerve. If the recurrent laryngeal nerve is impaired or damaged, this can have serious consequences for the patient. Impairment or damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve can result in short-term hoarseness after surgery or even lead to permanent bilateral vocal cord paralysis.. Intraoperative neuromonitoring during thyroid surgery enables the function of the recurrent laryngeal nerve to be monitored throughout. The continuous monitoring process enables the surgeon to ...
http://edgeneuromonitoring.co.uk/thyroid-surgery/
Total Thyroidectomy for Multinodular Goiter. Possibility of Implementation in a District HospitalTotal Thyroidectomy for Multinodular Goiter. Possibility of Implementation in a District Hospital
|p|Increasing number of surgical subspecialities causes general surgeons have little experience with more complex procedures as total thyroidectomy. |/p| |p|The aim of the study was to present the outcome of total thyroidectomy following its implementation in a district hospital where such procedure has not been performed previously. |/p| |p|Material and methods. 293 patients were operated on for goiter between 01.10.2008 and 30.09.2011 in the District Hospital in Proszowice by one contracted endocrine surgeon. Hemithyroidectomy was performed in 75 (23.7%) patients and total thyroidectomy in 191 (76.3%) patients for multinodular goiter and only the latter group was subjected for further analysis. |/p| |p|Results. There were no bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. A unilateral transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy occured in 6 patients (3.1%; 1.5% per risk) and postoperative hypocalcemia in 29 (15.7%) patients. 2 (1%) patients required wound revision due to a postoperative
https://www.infona.pl/resource/bwmeta1.element.-psjd-doi-10_2478_pjs-2013-0010
Laryngeal nerve, inferior legal definition of laryngeal nerve, inferiorLaryngeal nerve, inferior legal definition of laryngeal nerve, inferior
Definition of laryngeal nerve, inferior in the Legal Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. What is laryngeal nerve, inferior? Meaning of laryngeal nerve, inferior as a legal term. What does laryngeal nerve, inferior mean in law?
http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/laryngeal+nerve%2C+inferior
Intraoperative nerve monitoring during thyroidectomy: evaluation of signal loss, prognostic value and surgical strategyIntraoperative nerve monitoring during thyroidectomy: evaluation of signal loss, prognostic value and surgical strategy
Intraoperative neural monitoring can be used safely in thyroid surgery to avoid recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. It enables the surgeon to diagnose recurrent laryngeal nerve injury intraoperatively to estimate the postoperative nerve function and to modify the surgical strategy to avoid bilateral v …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31219340/
Most recent papers with the keyword Bilateral interscalene | Read by QxMDMost recent papers with the keyword Bilateral interscalene | Read by QxMD
RATIONALE: Recurrent laryngeal nerve block is an uncommon complication that can occur after an interscalene brachial plexus block (ISB), which may lead to vocal cord palsy or paresis. However, if the recurrent laryngeal nerve is blocked in patients with a preexisting contralateral vocal cord palsy following neck surgery, this may lead to devastating acute respiratory failure. Thus, ISB is contraindicated in patients with contralateral vocal cord lesion. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports of bilateral vocal cord paresis, which occurred after a continuous ISB and endotracheal intubation in a patient with no history of vocal cord injury or surgery of the neck ...
https://www.readbyqxmd.com/keyword/64462
Airway innervationAirway innervation
The larynx is composed of nine cartilages, three paired and three unpaired and these cartilages contain within them the vocal cords. The movements of the larynx are controlled by the extrinsic muscles which move the larynx as a whole and the intrinsic muscles which move the various cartilages in relation to one another. The larynx is innervated bilaterally by the superior laryngeal nerve (supplies mucosa from the epiglottis to the level of the cords) and the recurrent laryngeal nerve (supplies mucosa below the cords), both branches of the vagus nerve (CN X). The recurrent laryngeal nerves supply all of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx except for the cricothyroid muscle and any damage to the recurrent laryngeal can result in vocal cord dysfunction. The cricothyroid muscle is innervated by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.. Other nerves which may need to be anesthetized for awake fiberoptic intubations include the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve which supplies ...
http://www.openanesthesia.org/airway_innervation/
Laryngeal Paralysis - Medicoapps ModulesLaryngeal Paralysis - Medicoapps Modules
This is because recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy will lead to paralysis of all laryngeal muscles except the cricothyroid muscle (as it is supplied by superior laryngeal nerve). The cricothyroid muscle is an adductor & therefore this will leave both the cords in median or paramedian position thus endangering proper airway, leading to stridor and dyspnoea. Trauma due to thyroidectomy is the most common causes. ...
http://www.medicoapps.rocks/2017/09/laryngeal-paralysis.html
Prevalence of vocal cord paralysis in patients with incidentally disco by Ritu Agarwal, Justin A. Ionita et al.Prevalence of vocal cord paralysis in patients with incidentally disco by Ritu Agarwal, Justin A. Ionita et al.
Agarwal, R., Ionita, J.A., Akin, E.A., Sadeghi, N. & Taheri, M.R. Prevalence of vocal cord paralysis in patients with incidentally discovered enlarged lymph nodes along the expected course of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology, 122(4), 229-234.. ...
https://hsrc.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/smhs_rad_facpubs/38/
Current technique for resection of mediastinal goiter | Ear, Nose & Throat JournalCurrent technique for resection of mediastinal goiter | Ear, Nose & Throat Journal
We have developed a combined surgical technique involving traction sutures, the harmonic scalpel, and laryngeal nerve monitoring for the removal of mediastinal goiters. This technique is safe, expeditious, and effective; it minimizes the risk of blood loss or nerve injury; and it obviates the need for sternotomy. During a 4-year period, we performed this operation on 21 patients. We observed only two complications: one patient developed postoperative seroma 1 week after surgery and another experienced vocal fold paralysis after intentional sacrifice of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, which was encompassed by cancer. No other recurrent laryngeal nerve was injured. Operative blood loss was negligible, no systemic infection or permanent hypoparathyroidism was observed, and no patient required a chest tube or chest incision. Almost all patients were discharged home on postoperative day 1. ...
https://www.entjournal.com/article/current-technique-resection-mediastinal-goiter
PRIME PubMed | Current trends in practices in the treatment of pediatric unilateral vocal fold immobility: A survey on...PRIME PubMed | Current trends in practices in the treatment of pediatric unilateral vocal fold immobility: A survey on...
PubMed journal article: Current trends in practices in the treatment of pediatric unilateral vocal fold immobility: A survey on injections, thyroplasty and nerve reinnervation. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android
https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/29728162/Current_trends_in_practices_in_the_treatment_of_pediatric_unilateral_vocal_fold_immobility:_A_survey_on_injections_thyroplasty_and_nerve_reinnervation_
CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES OF ROBOTIC SURGERY<...CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES OF ROBOTIC SURGERY<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES OF ROBOTIC SURGERY. AU - Suda, Koichi. AU - Uyama, Ichiro. PY - 2016/9/1. Y1 - 2016/9/1. N2 - The Da Vinci Surgical System was developed to overcome some of the disadvantages of conventional endoscopic surgery. We have been performing robotic gastrectomy or esophagectomy in patients with resectable gastric or esophageal cancer who agreed to uninsured use of the robot since 2009, resulting in reduced postoperative local complications including pancreatic fistula following gastrectomy and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy after esophagectomy. Moreover, the greater the extent of resection and lymph node dissection, the greater this effect, suggesting that the robot may be more beneficial for advanced cancer than for early cancer. In the meantime, there have been a considerable number of reports, mostly focusing on early cancer, that the use of the robot may reduce cost-effectiveness in comparison with the conventional laparoscopic or ...
https://pure.fujita-hu.ac.jp/en/publications/current-status-and-future-perspectives-of-robotic-surgery
A solution for voice and breathing difficulties- The New Indian ExpressA solution for voice and breathing difficulties- The New Indian Express
Prof Jean Paul Marie has developed a new surgical technique, in which both the functions of voice and breathing difficulty are corrected. This is known as the laryngeal reinnervation procedure and consists of transferring the root of the nerve to the diaphragm( muscle separating chest and abdomen) to the laryngeal muscle. In addition a small branch of the nerve to the tongue is also attached to the voice box muscle so as to improve the speaking voice. Dr Jayakumar Menon, got trained in this procedure under Prof Marie, and did this surgery recently on K P, a patient.. The patient is recovering well. KIMS Hospital, recently became the first centre in the country and one of the few centres in the world to do laryngeal reinnervation procedure for the vexing problem of bilateral vocal cord palsy. In this procedure, the nerve supply to the vocal cords is obtained from the nerves supplying the diaphragm and the nerve of the tongue. It is a long procedure requiring expertise in nerve resuturing with the ...
http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/2017/oct/12/a-solution-for-voice-and-breathing-difficulties-1672585.html
Piriform sinus - WikipediaPiriform sinus - Wikipedia
On either side of the laryngeal orifice in humans is a recess, termed the piriform sinus (also piriform recess, pyriform sinus, piriform fossa, or smugglers fossa), which is bounded medially by the aryepiglottic fold, laterally by the thyroid cartilage and thyrohyoid membrane. The fossae are involved in speech. The term piriform, which means pear-shaped, is also sometimes spelled pyriform (as in the diagram on this page.) Deep to the mucous membrane of the piriform fossa lie the recurrent laryngeal nerve as well as the internal laryngeal nerve, a branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. The internal laryngeal nerve supplies sensation to the area, and it may become damaged if the mucous membrane is inadvertently punctured. The piriform sinus is a subsite of the hypopharynx. This distinction is important for head and neck cancer staging and treatment. This sinus is a common place for food to become trapped; if foreign material becomes lodged in the piriform fossa of an infant, it may be ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piriform_sinus
Prospective study of vocal fold function after loss of the neuromonitoring signal in thyroid surgery: The International Neural...Prospective study of vocal fold function after loss of the neuromonitoring signal in thyroid surgery: The International Neural...
article{a123ead4-f3b8-4b0a-9da2-c774a80b95a5, abstract = {Intraoperative neuromonitoring identifies recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury and gives prognostic information regarding postoperative glottic function. Loss of the neuromonitoring signal (LOS) signifies segmental type 1 or global type 2 RLN injury. This study aimed at identifying risk factors for RLN injury and determining vocal fold (VF) function initially and 6 months after definitive LOS.}, author = {Schneider, Rick and Randolph, Gregory and Dionigi, Gianlorenzo and Barczyński, Marcin and Chiang, Feng-Yu and Triponez, Frédéric and Vamvakidis, Kyriakos and Brauckhoff, Katrin and Musholt, Thomas J and Almquist, Martin and Innaro, Nadia and Jimenez-Garcia, Antonio and Kraimps, Jean-Louis and Miyauchi, Akira and Wojtczak, Beata and Donatini, Gianluca and Lombardi, Davide and Müller, Uwe and Pezzullo, Luciano and Ratia, Tomas and Van Slycke, Sam and Nguyen Thanh, Phuong and Lorenz, Kerstin and Sekulla, Carsten and Machens, Andreas ...
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/8504803
Radiology Quiz 30765 | Radiopaedia.orgRadiology Quiz 30765 | Radiopaedia.org
Large lung tumour adjacent to the aortic arch, extending to the aorto-pulmonary window and the expected location of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve. On plain CT, there are features of left sided vocal cord palsy, with paramedian position of the cord and enlarged laryngeal ventricle (arrow). No increased PET uptake is seen in the paralysed cord, consistent with absence of tumour there. There is increased PET uptake in the normal cord (arrow), secondary to increased physiological activity as a compensatory mechanism.. ...
https://radiopaedia.org/cases/30765/studies/31462?referrer=%2Farticles%2Fpositron-emission-tomography%23image_list_item_8097615
Posts - Page 2 - Catherine Shaker Swallowing and Feeding SeminarsPosts - Page 2 - Catherine Shaker Swallowing and Feeding Seminars
QUESTION:. I am a graduate student in my medical externship and Im trying my best to understand this:. Its my understanding that the internal branch of the recurrent laryngeal nerve mediates sensation below the vocal folds and mediates a cough reflex. This is why wed expect a cough if material is sensed below the level of the vocal folds in a pt with an intact cough response. If material gets below the vocal folds and no cough is produced, we call that silent aspiration.. Its my understanding that the superior branch of the laryngeal nerve mediates sensation above the vocal folds and an expected response to material above the level of the vocal folds is a swallow.. What about material sitting on top of the vocal folds (level 5 of the pen-asp scale)? Is that expected to elicit a cough or a swallow?. If material sitting on top of the vocal folds is considered penetration (because it did not go below the vocal folds) and is expected to elicit a cough, wouldnt that mean that there is such a ...
https://shaker4swallowingandfeeding.com/posts-2/page/2/
February 2015 - ENTtodayFebruary 2015 - ENTtoday
What is the normative amplitude and latency of the vagus, the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), and the external branch of superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN), and how do they indicate post-operative neural function?. ...
http://www.enttoday.org/issue/february-2015/
VARYING RESPONSES TO RADIOACTIVE IODINE (I131) THERAPY IN HYPERTHYROID PATIENTS* | Annals of Internal Medicine | American...VARYING RESPONSES TO RADIOACTIVE IODINE (I131) THERAPY IN HYPERTHYROID PATIENTS* | Annals of Internal Medicine | American...
In the last decade the use of radioactive iodine (I131) has come to occupy a place beside subtotal thyroidectomy as a definitive treatment for hyperthyroidism. The excellent results-comparable in every way to those obtained with surgery-coupled with the ease of administration, make this form of therapy most attractive. Furthermore, the absence of the surgical complications of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury and parathyroid ablation, infrequent as they are, gives radioactive iodine a distinct advantage over operation. The one great obstacle to the more general use of this substance, especially in the age group under 40, has been concern regarding the possibility ...
http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/677430/varying-responses-radioactive-iodine-i-131-therapy-hyperthyroid-patients
Plus itPlus it
Previously published complication rates for cervical corpectomy range from 11% to 36%, with mortality ranging from 0 to 2.8%.2-5 The mortality rate of 0.3% in our cohort is on the lower end of the range identified by previously published reports.2-4 The total 30-day complication rate, defined as any major or minor adverse events, mortality, unplanned reoperation, unplanned readmission, or an admission lasting ,30 days, is 13.28% in our cohort, also lower than previously published single-institution, retrospective reviews of cervical corpectomies, which reported rates between 20.8% and 22.7%.2,4 The categories and subcategories of complications in these previously published reviews included many additional complications that are specific to anterior cervical surgery, such as C5 nerve root palsy, dysphagia, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, and cerebrospinal fluid leak. However, these previous reports failed to examine many clinically meaningful complications that we incorporated into our ...
http://www.ijssurgery.com/content/14/3/412
autopsy - Living the Scientific Life (Scientist, Interrupted)autopsy - Living the Scientific Life (Scientist, Interrupted)
tags: The Laryngeal Nerve of the Giraffe is Proof of Natural Selection, animals, giraffe, evolution, creationism, intelligent design, dissection, necropsy, autopsy, recurrent laryngeal nerve pathway, vagus nerve, cranial nerve X, evolutionary legacy, Richard Dawkins, streaming video This video, including comments by Richard Dawkins, documents a necropsy (an autopsy on an animal other than a human)…. ...
http://scienceblogs.com/grrlscientist/tag/autopsy/
Superior laryngeal nerve | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.orgSuperior laryngeal nerve | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org
The superior laryngeal nerve is a branch of the vagus nerve (CN X) which supplies the larynx. Summary origin: arises from the inferior ganglion of the vagus nerve (CN X) course descends within the carotid sheath posterior and then medial to t...
https://radiopaedia.org/articles/superior-laryngeal-nerve?lang=us
Respiratory activity of laryngeal muscles in awake and sleeping dogs. - Experimental Medicine DivisionRespiratory activity of laryngeal muscles in awake and sleeping dogs. - Experimental Medicine Division
Experiments were conducted in adult dogs to determine the respiratory activity of laryngeal muscles during wakefulness and sleep. We studied the EMG activity of three laryngeal muscles in five trained dogs, two of which were completely intact, and three of which had a previously-formed side-hole tracheal stoma. Pairs of electrodes were implanted chronically into the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (PCA), a laryngeal dilator, cricothyroid (CT), and thyroarytenoid (TA), a laryngeal adductor. EMG electrodes were also inserted into the costal portion of the diaphragm. In wakefulness (W), slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep the EMGs of the PCA and CT muscles increased in intensity during diaphragm activation, with varying levels of basal activity during expiration. However, the greatest levels of inspiratory activity in PCA and CT during sleep were found in REM sleep, usually in the absence of augmented diaphragm EMG activity. This laryngeal muscle activity was associated with laryngeal
https://www.expmedndm.ox.ac.uk/publications/71519
Deinnervation-Reinnervation | Southern California, Orange County, Otolaryngology ENTDeinnervation-Reinnervation | Southern California, Orange County, Otolaryngology ENT
Deinnervation-reinnervation is a surgery used to treated spasmodic dypshonia. Spasmodic dypshonia is a disorder in which a patient has laryngeal spasms which cause spastic or strangled speech. While botox injections are most commmonly used for management of spasmodic dysphonia symptoms, de-innervation reinnervation has been shown to treat this disorder.The voice box, or larynx, is controlled by branches of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. This nerve branches to innervate, or power, specific muscles of the larynx.
https://throatdisorder.com/surgeries/selective-laryngeal-deinnervation-and-reinnveration/
321645 | Stanford Health Care321645 | Stanford Health Care
To identify clinical and dosimetric factors associated with vagus nerve (VN) and recurrent laryngeal nerve (RecLN) injury following stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) in the chest.We examined the clinical courses and SABR plans of 67 patients treated for T1 or T2 non-small cell lung cancer of the upper right or left lung, including 2 who developed vocal cord paresis (VCP) following treatment. After developing a contouring atlas for the VN and RecLN in the thorax, dose to those structures was retrospectively determined for each patient, and we identified 12 patients whose treatment imparted significant dose to either nerve and who were assessable for more than 12 months follow-up. Biologically effective doses using linear-quadratic (LQ) and linear quadratic-linear (LQ-L) modeling were correlated with VN and RecLN toxicity.Of 12 patients, 2 developed VCP. The first underwent repeat SABR and received a cumulative single fraction equivalent dose (alpha/beta = 3; SFED3) of 37.4 or 64.5 Gy ...
https://stanfordhealthcare.org/publications/321/321645.html
Division of Otolaryngology (Ear, Nose and Throat) : Patient Stories | The Childrens Hospital of PhiladelphiaDivision of Otolaryngology (Ear, Nose and Throat) : Patient Stories | The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia
At 7 months of age, Shawn had surgery to remove a large subglottic cyst that severely impacted his breathing and feeding. At 3 years, he underwent a recurrent laryngeal nerve reinnervation surgery to fix a damaged vocal cord.. ...
https://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/division-otolaryngology-ear-nose-and-throat/patient-stories
Plus itPlus it
We report a case of pulmonary sarcoidosis, which initially presented as a left apical infiltrate. The later course mimicked a pulmonary neoplasm, with left upper lobe atelectasis secondary to bronchial stenosis, resulting from both endobronchial sarcoidosis and extrinsic compression by enlarged lymph nodes. Extrinsic pressure from sarcoid nodes on the left main pulmonary artery and recurrent laryngeal nerve, also caused a reduction in pulmonary parenchymal perfusion and left vocal cord paresis.. ...
https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/5/10/1286
inferior oder que fait duphaston For theinferior oder que fait duphaston For the
Patients with subclavian aneurysms may have neck, chest, and shoulder pain from aneurysm expansion or rupture; acute and chronic ischemic symptoms, transient ischemic attacks, or stroke from thromboembolism; or hoarseness, impaired motor or sensory que fait duphaston, or respiratory insufficiency from recurrent laryngeal nerve, brachial plexus, or tracheal compression. 11. 2.
http://forvps.ru/drugs-price-list/que-fait-duphaston.html
Thyroid Radiofrequency Ablation RFA of Thyroid Nodules: A 2017 Preview Entry into the United States - Thyroid Center of Santa...Thyroid Radiofrequency Ablation RFA of Thyroid Nodules: A 2017 Preview Entry into the United States - Thyroid Center of Santa...
J. H. Baek, J. H. Lee, R. Valcavi, C. M. Pacella, H. Rhim, and D. G. Na, Thermal ablation for benign thyroid nodules: radiofrequency and laser, Korean Journal of Radiology, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 525-540, 2011. With these shorter and smaller electrode, it allows better control and variation of ablation option in treating small or vital structure closed thyroid nodule. The moving shot technique, targets thyroid nodule in divided units and during the procedure, each conceptual unit is being ablated by the moving ablation electrode tip. The electrode is inserted through the isthmus under the US guidance. The whole course of electrode could be seen and that greatly reduces the risk of injury of the nearby structures. The ablation first starts from the deepest layer up and so the electrode is slowly withdrawn to the surface.. It is important that the region close to the trachea-esophageal groove be less treated in order to avoid injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve, trachea, and esophagus as this ...
http://thyroidnosurgery.com/uncategorized/thyroid-radiofrequency-ablation-rfa-of-thyroid-nodules-a-2017-preview-entry-into-the-united-states/
Minimally Invasive Parathyroidectomy Using Surgical SonographyMinimally Invasive Parathyroidectomy Using Surgical Sonography
Once positioned, a surgeon trained in ultrasonography used a 10MHz linear array ultrasound probe (Sonosite, USA) to localize the lesion. The adenoma was identified as a hypoechoic area close to the thyroid. The site was localized percutaneously and the neck marked over the maximum transverse and longitudinal planes. Where these two lines intersected a 3cm transverse mark was placed on the neck. Following skin preparation, the area of incision was infiltrated with 10cc of local anesthetic (xylocaine 0.5% with 1:10,000 adrenaline) and the incision made. Subplatysmal planes were created and the strap muscles were mobilized. The thyroid plane was then entered between the strap muscles and the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The plane was then continued down to the adenoma. Once visualized, the adenoma was not immediately mobilized, instead a 14-gauge needle was placed through the wound onto the adenoma. Once the lesion was concordant with ultrasound findings and the recurrent laryngeal nerve identified ...
http://www.medsci.org/v08p0283.htm
Online Rx Drugstore: Cialis dosage for one time use free airmail shipping!Online Rx Drugstore: Cialis dosage for one time use free airmail shipping!
Give below one cialis dosage for time use. The anti- these breathing tubes are subsequently attached to oxygen and the vagina check to see that it protease inhibitors contains a rich blood supply largely by passing on either chapter 6. How do i become a milestone in the quality of life measure. Obtaining a careful inspection of the child and in taking both a dorsal plication.) 14 thomas-8083.Qxd 2/27/2007 7:6 pm page 317 hypospadias 277 a tourniquet or blood- pressure levels among adults: A report of a dry powder form drop preparations is often excluded from enteral feeds are nutritionally com- dialamine plete, dietetic expert advice should be performed. Flexor digiti minimi brevis m. Oblique part posterior cricoarytenoid muscles action of some of these including nasal congestion, patient teaching conscious state and is unable to absorb uva1, the sunscreen must have screening tools that have not been suc- are discussed in chapter 11 for further information). However, the bene cial effect. Normal ...
https://eventorum.puc.edu/usarx/cialis-dosage-for-one-time-use/82/
Glutamic Acid in Reducing Nerve Damage Caused by Vincristine in Young Patients With Cancer - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govGlutamic Acid in Reducing Nerve Damage Caused by Vincristine in Young Patients With Cancer - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
A neurological exam will be completed at baseline and at study week 5 for both strata. An additional exam at week 10 will be done for patients in Stratum 1. Additional exams will be done at any time if the treating oncologist deems it clinically necessary . Neurotoxicity will be scored using a standardized neurological exam form developed for the study that is based on the Modified Balis Pediatric Scale of Peripheral Neuropathies. Treatment groups will be compared with respect to the proportion experiencing a grade 2 or higher toxicity from the following list of neurologic toxicities captured on the Neurologic Exam Form including sensory neuropathy, motor neuropathy, laryngeal nerve, constipation/neuro-constipation, jaw pain, or other specified abnormalities noted by the attending physician. Percentage of patients with one or more Grade 2 or higher noted neurotoxicity symptoms on any item in the Balis scale will compared between arms ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00369564?term=Neurotoxicity&rank=16
rat RLN3 protein Summary Report | CureHunterrat RLN3 protein Summary Report | CureHunter
rat RLN3 protein: member of the insulin/relaxin superfamily; the function of relaxin 3 neurons in the brain is influenced by the serotonergic activity; RefSeq NM_170667.2; NP_733767.1
http://www.curehunter.com/public/keywordSummaryC528447-rat-RLN3-protein.do
Conduit Repair - Hand - OrthobulletsConduit Repair - Hand - Orthobullets
pass the suture then transversely across the epineurium 3 mm from the edge of the nerve stump and then back through the tube in an inside to outside direction ...
http://www.orthobullets.com/hand/12249/conduit-repair?expandLeftMenu=true
Ortners syndromeOrtner's syndrome
Due to compression of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, it can cause the hoarseness of the voice, which can also be a sign of ... The definition of Ortner's syndrome has since then expanded to encompass all possible causes of left recurrent laryngeal nerve ... Aortic dissection More commonly affects the right recurrent laryngeal nerve as the most common type of aortic dissection is ... Norbert Ortner in 1897 after he observed left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (LRLN) in three patients with left atrial ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortner's_syndrome
Posterior cricoarytenoid musclePosterior cricoarytenoid muscle
The posterior cricoarytenoid muscles are innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the vagus nerve (CN X). The ... Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle Recurrent laryngeal nerve ... Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. Stockholm. ISBN 978-91-7409-123-6. The Arytenoid Cartilages - a clinical overview. 2002, Dr. ... Paralysis of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscles may lead to asphyxiation as they are the only laryngeal muscles to open the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_cricoarytenoid_muscle
LarynxLarynx
Injury to one of the recurrent laryngeal nerves produces hoarseness, if both are damaged the voice may or may not be preserved ... by the superior laryngeal nerve. Injury to the external laryngeal nerve causes weakened phonation because the vocal folds ... Bilateral injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve would cause this condition. It is also worth noting that all muscles are ... 214-215, 336 Hydman, Jonas (2008). Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. Stockholm. p. 8. ISBN 978-91-7409-123-6. Laitman, J.T.; ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larynx
Carotid sheathCarotid sheath
the vagus nerve. part of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. the deep cervical lymph nodes. The carotid artery lies medial to the ... In the upper part, the carotid sheath also contains the glossopharyngeal nerve (IX), the accessory nerve (XI), and the ... Hypoglossal nerve, cervical plexus, and their branches. Muscles of the pharynx, viewed from behind, together with the ... hypoglossal nerve (XII), which pierce the fascia of the carotid sheath. The ansa cervicalis is embedded in the anterior wall of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carotid_sheath
Spasmodic dysphoniaSpasmodic dysphonia
Recurrent laryngeal nerve resection involves removing a section of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Recurrent laryngeal nerve ... Surgical approaches include recurrent laryngeal nerve resection, selective laryngeal adductor denervation-reinnervation (SLAD-R ... Dedo, Herbert H. (1976). "Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Section for Spastic Dysphonia". Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology ... efforts to treat the condition were published in 1976 by Herbert Dedo and involved cutting of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spasmodic_dysphonia
ThyroplastyThyroplasty
Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis with lateralized arytenoid. Non-rotating aarytenoid. Medial vocal cord fixation. Arytenoid ... Unilateral superior laryngeal nerve weakness. The main aim of this combination is relaxation and increased mass of one vocal ... There is increase in average phonation time (from 4.6 seconds to 15 seconds). It provides static change to the laryngeal ... Previous history of radiation therapy to the larynx for treatment of laryngeal and hypolaryngeal cancers. Poor abduction of the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroplasty
Vocal cord paresisVocal cord paresis
Physicians may also use the term recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. Additionally, superior laryngeal nerve damage (SLN) can ... also known as recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis or vocal fold paralysis, is an injury to one or both recurrent laryngeal ... These conditions result from continuous damage to the laryngeal nerves and often lead to vocal disability. Recurrent laryngeal ... The larynx EMG can, within limits, provide a prognosis of the development of a recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. Patients ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal_cord_paresis
Marta LamasMarta Lamas
"The non-recurrent laryngeal nerve: An anatomical 'trap'". Revista Portuguesa de Endocrinologia, Diabetes e Metabolismo. 9 (1): ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marta_Lamas
GalenGalen
He did this through tying off the recurrent laryngeal nerve. He used the same method to tie off the ureters to prove his ... The squealing pig experiment was when Galen would cut open a pig, and while it was squealing he would cut the nerve, or vocal ... He was also able to describe the nerves that emerge from the spine, which is integral to his research about the nervous system ... He worked with pigs and studied their neuroanatomy by severing different nerves either totally or partially to see how it ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galen
James Samuel Risien RussellJames Samuel Risien Russell
"V. The abductor and adductor fibres of the recurrent laryngeal nerve". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 51 (308-314 ... Russell, J. S. R. (23 October 1897). "An Experimental Investigation of the Cervical and Thoracic Nerve Roots in Relation to the ... An experimental investigation of the nerve roots which enter into the formation of the brachial plexus of the dog". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Samuel_Risien_Russell
Inferior thyroid arteryInferior thyroid artery
The relationship between the recurrent laryngeal nerve and inferior thyroid artery is highly variable.[1] The recurrent ... Anatomy photo:32:06-0100 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Larynx: Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve and Inferior Laryngeal ... Yalçin B (February 2006). "Anatomic configurations of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and inferior thyroid artery". Surgery. 139 ... Yalçin B (February 2006). "Anatomic configurations of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and inferior thyroid artery". Surgery. 139 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracheal_branches_of_inferior_thyroid_artery
GiraffeGiraffe
... the left recurrent laryngeal nerve is longer than the right; in the giraffe it is over 30 cm (12 in) longer. These nerves are ... then branches off into the recurrent laryngeal nerve which passes back up the neck to the larynx. Thus, these nerve cells have ... Wedel, M. J. (2012). "A monument of inefficiency: the presumed course of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in sauropod dinosaurs" ( ... Each nerve cell in this path begins in the brainstem and passes down the neck along the vagus nerve, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giraffe
Ventral slotVentral slot
Attention is paid on any deep nerve structures as the recurrent laryngeal nerve. The goal is to expose the affected disc and ... "The foramen is probed with a nerve hook to ensure that the nerve is free". To decompress a longer part of the cervical canal a ... Alternatively, if only a single nerve root is affected it is also possible to release the compressed nerve root via a ... The ventral slot technique is a procedure that allows the surgeon to reach and decompress the spinal cord and associated nerve ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventral_slot
History of neurology and neurosurgeryHistory of neurology and neurosurgery
One particular discovery he made was of the importance of the recurrent laryngeal nerves. Originally, he cut through them ... Later Golgi and Cajal stained the ramifying branches of nerve cells; these could only touch, or synapse. The brain now had ... It includes detailed images depicting the ventricles, cranial nerves, pituitary gland, meninges, structures of the eye, the ... Luigi Galvani (1737-1798) demonstrated that electrical stimulation of nerve produced muscle contraction, and the competing work ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_neurology_and_neurosurgery
Aortopulmonary spaceAortopulmonary space
It contains the ligamentum arteriosum, the recurrent laryngeal nerve, lymph nodes, and fatty tissue. The space is bounded ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortopulmonary_space
Thyroid cancerThyroid cancer
The tumor infiltrates into infrahyoid muscles, trachea, oesophagus, recurrent laryngeal nerve, carotid sheath, etc. The tumor ... present are pain in the anterior region of the neck and changes in voice due to an involvement of the recurrent laryngeal nerve ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_cancer
ThyroidectomyThyroidectomy
Laryngeal nerve injury in about 1% of patients, in particular the recurrent laryngeal nerve: Unilateral damage results in a ... Recurrent Laryngeal nerve injury may occur during the ligature of the inferior thyroid artery. Hypoparathyroidism temporary ( ... in the vicinity of the recurrent laryngeal nerve entry point and the superior parathyroid gland. Total thyroidectomy - Entire ... Bilateral damage presents as laryngeal obstruction after surgery and can be a surgical emergency: an emergency tracheostomy may ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroidectomy
Common carotid arteryCommon carotid artery
At the lower part of the neck, on the right side of the body, the right recurrent laryngeal nerve crosses obliquely behind the ... left recurrent laryngeal nerve, and thoracic duct. To its right side below is the brachiocephalic trunk, and above, the trachea ... the inferior thyroid artery and recurrent laryngeal nerve being interposed; higher up, with the larynx and pharynx. Lateral to ... Sometimes the descending branch of the hypoglossal nerve is contained within the sheath. The superior thyroid vein crosses the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_carotid_artery
Bernie WorrellBernie Worrell
Tumor has grown and Recurrent laryngeal nerve is pressing on vocal cord, paralyzing it. Treatment starts Tuesday to (hopefully ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernie_Worrell
Graves diseaseGraves' disease
Its risks are injury of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, hypoparathyroidism (due to removal of the parathyroid glands), hematoma ... Reportedly, a 1% incidence exists of permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis after complete thyroidectomy.[26] Removal of ... Pressure on the optic nerve behind the globe can lead to visual field defects and vision loss, as well. Prolonged untreated ... Class 6: Sight loss (due to optic nerve involvement). Typically the natural history of TAO follows Rundle's curve, which ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graves
Pharyngeal pouch (embryology)Pharyngeal pouch (embryology)
Nerve supply is by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Pharyngeal arch (often called branchial arch although this is more ... The main nerve supply to the derivatives of this pouch is Cranial Nerve IX, glossopharyngeal nerve. Derivatives include: ... Nerve supplying these derivatives is Superior laryngeal nerve. Rudimentary structure, becomes part of the fourth pouch ... Contributes the middle ear, palatine tonsils, supplied by the facial nerve. The third pouch possesses Dorsal and Ventral wings ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharyngeal_pouch_(embryology)
Subclavian arterySubclavian artery
Medial to it are the esophagus, trachea, thoracic duct, and left recurrent laryngeal nerve. Lateral to it are the left pleura ... Behind, it is in relation with the esophagus, thoracic duct, left recurrent laryngeal nerve, inferior cervical ganglion of the ... The right recurrent laryngeal nerve winds around the lower and back part of the vessel. The first part of the left subclavian ... It is in relation, in front, with the vagus nerve, the cardiac nerves, and the phrenic nerves, which lie parallel with it, the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subclavian_artery
Jonathan E. AvivJonathan E. Aviv
Transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve: a method of controlling vocal cord position. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_E._Aviv
2012 in archosaur paleontology2012 in archosaur paleontology
Mathew J. Wedel (2012). "A monument of inefficiency: the presumed course of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in sauropod dinosaurs ... The study on the presumed course of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in sauropod dinosaurs is published by Mathew J. Wedel (2012 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_in_archosaur_paleontology
Interrupted aortic archInterrupted aortic arch
Other early complications include damage to the left recurrent laryngeal nerve and the phrenic nerve. Late complications ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interrupted_aortic_arch
Lung cancerLung cancer
Invasion of the mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, carina, recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus, or vertebra. ... Invasion into the chest wall, diaphragm, phrenic nerve, mediastinal pleura or parietal pericardium. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lung_cancer
Central pattern generatorCentral pattern generator
... recurrent laryngeal nerve branches that innervate the thyroarytenoid muscle during the last stage of expiration; (3) the ... The rhythmicity of these nerves is classically viewed as originating from a single rhythm generator. In this model, phasing is ... The phases of the respiratory CPG are characterized by the rhythmic activity of: (1) the phrenic nerve during inspiration; (2) ... Grélot L, Barillot JC, Bianchi AL (1989). "Pharyngeal motoneurones: respiratory-related activity and responses to laryngeal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_pattern_generator
Aortic archAortic arch
A branch of the vagus nerve, the recurrent laryngeal nerve, passes underneath the arch of aorta. The nerve is seen here. This ... Innervated by barometric nerve terminals, the aortic arch is responsible for sensing changes in the dilation of the vascular ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortic_arch
TracheotomyTracheotomy
... recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, and tube displacement. Delayed complications include tracheal-innominate artery fistula, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracheotomy
Sam WycheSam Wyche
His left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve was severed during the procedure, leaving his voice consistently hoarse and scratchy. From ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam_Wyche
AngioedemaAngioedema
There may also be slightly decreased sensation in the affected areas due to compression of the nerves. Urticaria (hives) may ... "A 68-Year-Old Woman With Recurrent Abdominal Pain, Nausea, and Vomiting". MedScape. Archived from the original on 22 October ... "Laryngeal edema and death from asphyxiation after tooth extraction in four patients with hereditary angioedema". J Am Dent ... Patients with HAE can also have recurrent episodes (often called "attacks") of abdominal pain, usually accompanied by intense ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angioneurotic_oedema
HemiparesisHemiparesis
Drugs are also given to individuals who have recurrent seizures, which may be a separate but related problem after brain injury ... Iatrogenic: local anaesthetic injections given intra-arterially rapidly, instead of given in a nerve branch. ... laryngeal paralysis. *Paraplegia. *Brunnstrom Approach. *Paresis. References[edit]. *^ a b c d Detailed article about ... "Deterioration of Hemiparesis after Recurrent Stroke in the Unaffected Hemisphere: Three Further Cases with Possible ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemiplegia
ThymusThymus
Symptoms are sometimes confused with bronchitis or a strong cough because the tumour presses on the recurrent laryngeal nerve. ... The nerves supplying the thymus arise from the vagus nerve and the cervical sympathetic chain. Branches from the phrenic nerves ... Although present, the exact role of the nerve supply of the thymus is little understood. The two lobes differ slightly in size ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymus
ThyroidectomyThyroidectomy
Laryngeal nerve injury in about 1% of patients, in particular the recurrent laryngeal nerve: Unilateral damage results in a ... Recurrent Laryngeal nerve injury may occur during the ligature of the inferior thyroid artery. ... in the vicinity of the recurrent laryngeal nerve entry point and the superior parathyroid gland. ... Bilateral damage presents as laryngeal obstruction after surgery and can be a surgical emergency: an emergency tracheostomy may ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroidectomy
AortaAorta
The left vagus nerve, which passes anterior to the aortic arch, gives off a major branch, the recurrent laryngeal nerve, which ... Between the aortic arch and the pulmonary trunk is a network of autonomic nerve fibers, the cardiac plexus or aortic plexus. ... The aorta consists of a heterogeneous mixture of smooth muscle, nerves, intimal cells, endothelial cells, fibroblast-like cells ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aorta
Nervus peroneus communisNervus peroneus communis
... recurrent laryngeal, Alderman's nervus) , XI accessorius , XII hypoglossus ... Nervus peroneus communis (Nervus fibularis communis, nervus popliteus externus, nervus peroneus) er en nerve med tykkelse av ca ... halvparten av nervus tibialis som avgår fra dorsale grener av fjerde og femte lumbale og første og andre sakrale nerve. ... Den tredje (rekurrente) artikulære nerve avgår ved delingsstedet for peroneus communis, hvor den går oppad sammen med arteria ...
https://no.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nervus_peroneus_communis
TracheaTrachea
... and to its sides on its back surface run the recurrent laryngeal nerves in the upper trachea, and the vagus nerves in the lower ... and a tendency to get recurrent respiratory tract infections.[21] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trachea
Blood vesselBlood vessel
It also contains nerves that supply the vessel as well as nutrient capillaries (vasa vasorum) in the larger blood vessels. ... ACA (anterior communicating, Recurrent artery of Heubner, Orbitofrontal artery). *MCA (anterolateral central, Prefrontal artery ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular
Central retinal arteryCentral retinal artery
The central retinal artery supplies all the nerve fibers that form the optic nerve, which carries the visual information to the ... ACA (anterior communicating, Recurrent artery of Heubner, Orbitofrontal artery). *MCA (anterolateral central, Prefrontal artery ... The central retinal artery (retinal artery) branches off the ophthalmic artery, running inferior to the optic nerve within its ... It pierces the eyeball close to the optic nerve, sending branches over the internal surface of the retina, and these terminal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_retinal_artery
Arterial treeArterial tree
ACA (anterior communicating, Recurrent artery of Heubner, Orbitofrontal artery). *MCA (anterolateral central, Prefrontal artery ... Accompanying artery of ischiadic nerve. *Uterine artery (females) / deferential artery (males) *Vaginal artery (sometimes) ... Superior laryngeal artery. *Cricothyroid artery. *Ascending pharyngeal artery. *Lingual artery. *Facial artery *cervical * ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arterial_tree
Lingual arteryLingual artery
... while the lingual nerve (not pictured) passes superior to it (for a comparison, the hypoglossal nerve, pictured, passes ... ACA (anterior communicating, Recurrent artery of Heubner, Orbitofrontal artery). *MCA (anterolateral central, Prefrontal artery ... It lies on the lateral side of the genioglossus, the main large extrinsic tongue muscle, accompanied by the lingual nerve. ... It then curves downward and forward, forming a loop which is crossed by the hypoglossal nerve, and passing beneath the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suprahyoid_branch_of_lingual_artery
Kalsitonin bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebasKalsitonin bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
Hirsch PF, Gauthier GF, Munson PL (August 1963). "Thyroid hypocalcemic principle and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury as ...
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalsitonin
Arytenoid muscleArytenoid muscle
superior laryngeal artery. Nerve. recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus. Actions. approximate the arytenoid cartilages (close ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arytenoid_muscle
Meningeal branch of vagus nerveMeningeal branch of vagus nerve
The meningeal branch of vagus nerve (dural branch) is a recurrent filament given off from the jugular ganglion; it is ... Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meningeal_branch_of_vagus_nerve&oldid=657028818" ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meningeal_branch_of_vagus_nerve
Nervus vagusNervus vagus
... recurrent laryngeal, Alderman's nervus) , XI accessorius , XII hypoglossus ... Nervus vagus (oversatt: «den vidvankende nerve») er synonym med den tiende hjernenerven og kalles også «vagusnerven», « ... innvollsnerven» og «den vidvankende nerve». Vagusnerven følger de store blodårene i halsen, går gjennom brysthulen og til ...
https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nervus_vagus
Wikipedia:WikiProject Medicine/Cochrane/Cochrane Review List/Musculoskeletal, Oral, Skin and SensoryWikipedia:WikiProject Medicine/Cochrane/Cochrane Review List/Musculoskeletal, Oral, Skin and Sensory
Radiotherapy versus open surgery versus endolaryngeal surgery (with or without laser) for early laryngeal squamous cell cancer ... Psychological therapies (remotely delivered) for the management of chronic and recurrent pain in children and adolescents PMID ... Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children PMID 27074283 https://doi.org/10.1002/ ... Interventions for acute otitis externa PMID 20091565 https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004740.pub2 Interventions for recurrent ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine/Cochrane/Cochrane_Review_List/Musculoskeletal,_Oral,_Skin_and_Sensory
Cough reflexCough reflex
The glottis closes (muscles innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve) and the vocal cords contract to shut the larynx. ... impulses travel via the internal laryngeal nerve, a branch of the superior laryngeal nerve which stems from the vagus nerve (CN ... Diaphragm (innervated by phrenic nerve) and external intercostal muscles (innervated by segmental intercostal nerves) contract ... This reflex may also be impaired by damage to the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve which relays the afferent ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cough_reflex
Basilar arteryBasilar artery
ACA (anterior communicating, Recurrent artery of Heubner, Orbitofrontal artery). *MCA (anterolateral central, Prefrontal artery ... the union of the two vertebral arteries at the junction between the medulla oblongata and the pons between the abducens nerves ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilar_artery
Ophthalmic arteryOphthalmic artery
The ophthalmic artery can also pass superiorly to the optic nerve in a minority of cases.[1] In the posterior third of the cone ... ACA (anterior communicating, Recurrent artery of Heubner, Orbitofrontal artery). *MCA (anterolateral central, Prefrontal artery ... The supraorbital artery branches from the OA as it passes over the optic nerve. The supraorbital artery passes anteriorly along ... About 12.5mm (0.5 inch) posterior to the globe, the central retinal artery turns superiorly and penetrates the optic nerve, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophthalmic_artery
GiraffeGiraffe
... the left recurrent laryngeal nerve is longer than the right; in the giraffe it is over 30 cm (12 in) longer. These nerves are ... then branches off into the recurrent laryngeal nerve which passes back up the neck to the larynx. Thus, these nerve cells have ... the presumed course of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in sauropod dinosaurs" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 57 (2): 251- ... Each nerve cell in this path begins in the brainstem and passes down the neck along the vagus nerve, ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giraffe
Brachial plexus blockBrachial plexus block
... the phrenic nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve. Depending on the circumstances, alternatives to brachial plexus block may ... If the musculocutaneous nerve is missed, it may be necessary to block this nerve separately. This can be accomplished by using ... The brachial plexus is most compact at the level of the trunks formed by the C5-T1 nerve roots, so nerve block at this level ... The intercostobrachial nerves (which are branches of the second and third intercostal nerves) are also frequently missed with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brachial_plexus_block
Spinal trigeminal nucleusSpinal trigeminal nucleus
In addition to the trigeminal nerve (CN V), the facial (CN VII), glossopharyngeal (CN IX), and vagus nerves (CN X) also convey ... Recurrent laryngeal. *Superior cervical cardiac. Thorax. *Inferior cardiac. *Pulmonary. *Vagal trunks *anterior ... The cranial nerve nuclei schematically represented; dorsal view. Motor nuclei in red; sensory in blue. (Trigeminal nerve nuclei ... Thus the spinal trigeminal nucleus receives input from cranial nerves V, VII, IX, and X. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_trigeminal_nucleus
Gastroesophageal reflux diseaseGastroesophageal reflux disease
An obsolete treatment is vagotomy ("highly selective vagotomy"), the surgical removal of vagus nerve branches that innervate ... which causes respiratory and laryngeal signs and symptoms, is called laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) or "extraesophageal reflux ... and a lower incidence of recurrent reflux.[57] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GERD
Polyneuropathy in dogs and catsPolyneuropathy in dogs and cats
... and femoral nerve, tibial nerve, radial nerve, trigeminal nerve, or recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. Hypertrophic ... Polyneuropathy indicates that multiple nerves are involved, unlike mononeuropathy. Polyneuropathy usually involves motor nerve ... Spinal muscular atrophy occurs in cats and dogs, and is caused by the death of nerve cells in the spinal cord. This progressive ... It is caused in part by prolonged hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) and results in dysfunction of one or both tibial nerves and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyneuropathy_in_dogs_and_cats
Anterior superior alveolar arteriesAnterior superior alveolar arteries
ACA (anterior communicating, Recurrent artery of Heubner, Orbitofrontal artery). *MCA (anterolateral central, Prefrontal artery ... For nerve, see Anterior superior alveolar nerve.. Anterior superior alveolar arteries. Details. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_superior_alveolar_arteries
Cranial nervesCranial nerves
... the recurrent laryngeal nerve.[1] ... The terminal nerves (0), olfactory nerves (I) and optic nerves ... Cranial nerve mnemonics. References[edit]. *^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Vilensky, Joel; Robertson, ... the optic nerve (II), oculomotor nerve (III), trochlear nerve (IV), trigeminal nerve (V), abducens nerve (VI), facial nerve ( ... VII), vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII), glossopharyngeal nerve (IX), vagus nerve (X), accessory nerve (XI), and hypoglossal nerve ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerves
Superficial temporal arterySuperficial temporal artery
An estimate of the path of the nerve in the soft tissue of the temporal frontal branch using landmarks by Pitanguy. He ... ACA (anterior communicating, Recurrent artery of Heubner, Orbitofrontal artery). *MCA (anterolateral central, Prefrontal artery ... it is crossed by the temporal and zygomatic branches of the facial nerve and one or two veins, and is accompanied by the ... auriculotemporal nerve, which lies immediately behind it. The superficial temporal artery joins (anastomoses) with (among ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superficial_temporal_artery
Coarctation of the aortaCoarctation of the aorta
Two complications specific to this surgery are Left recurrent nerve palsy and chylothorax, as the recurrent laryngeal nerve and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coarctation_of_the_aorta
Post-thyroidectomy Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy | The BMJPost-thyroidectomy Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy | The BMJ
Post-thyroidectomy Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy Br Med J 1970; 1 :690 ... Post-thyroidectomy Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy. Br Med J 1970; 1 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.5697.690-b (Published ...
http://www.bmj.com/content/1/5697/690.3
The Recurrent and Superior Laryngeal Nerves | SpringerLinkThe Recurrent and Superior Laryngeal Nerves | SpringerLink
This textbook is designed to deliver a comprehensive up-to-date review of all aspects of recurrent laryngeal nerve and superior ... laryngeal nerve anatomy including surgically important anatomy, key st ... relationship of the nerve and the inferior thyroid artery and the non-recurrent recurrent laryngeal nerve. A new classification ... Micro-neuroanatomy of the Vagus, Superior Laryngeal, and Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves Noah P. Parker, Rita Patel, Stacey L. Halum ...
https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-3-319-27727-1
Recurrent laryngeal nerve - WikipediaRecurrent laryngeal nerve - Wikipedia
The recurrent laryngeal nerves are the nerves of the sixth pharyngeal arch. The existence of the recurrent laryngeal nerve was ... and the recurrent laryngeal nerves run up to the larynx. The vagus nerves, from which the recurrent laryngeal nerves branch, ... Arches 4 and 6 produce the laryngeal cartilages. The nerve of the sixth arch becomes the recurrent laryngeal nerve. The nerve ... The recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is a branch of the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) that supplies all the intrinsic muscles of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recurrent_laryngeal_nerve
The Right Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve by WED 2D on PreziThe Right Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve by WED 2D on Prezi
The Normal Anatomy of the Right Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RRLN).. Case 4: Damage to the Right Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ... Changes to Normal Phonation due to Right Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Damage. Damage to the right recurrent laryngeal nerve causes ... Figure 2: Right lateral view of the superior and recurrent laryngeal nerves. From Laryngeal nerve anatomy by Yau, A, 2013 ... The RRLN branches off the Vagus Nerve (Seikel, King, & Drumwright, 2010).. The recurrent laryngeal nerve has two sections: the ...
https://prezi.com/ejxwov5_lhs9/the-right-recurrent-laryngeal-nerve/
Intraoperative Monitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve in Thyroid Surgery | SpringerLinkIntraoperative Monitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve in Thyroid Surgery | SpringerLink
Background Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy ranks among the leading reasons for medicolegal litigation of surgeons because ... Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy Vocal Cord Function Permanent Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy ... Echeverri A, Flexon PB (1998) Electrophysiologic nerve stimulation for identifying the recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid ... Recurrent laryngeal nerve identification and assessment during thyroid surgery: laryngeal palpation. World J Surg 28:755-760 ...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00268-008-9483-2
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury from birth traumaRecurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury from birth trauma
... Aka: Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury from birth trauma ... Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury from birth trauma. ... Facial Nerve Injury from Birth Trauma *Recurrent Laryngeal ...
http://www.fpnotebook.com/legacy/NICU/Neuro/RcrntLrynglNrvInjryFrmBrthTrm.htm
Surgical management of the compromised recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid cancer. - PubMed - NCBISurgical management of the compromised recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid cancer. - PubMed - NCBI
Surgical management of the compromised recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid cancer.. Russell MD1, Kamani D2, Randolph GW3. ... Surgical management of thyroid cancer requires careful consideration of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and its impact on glottic ... Management of the compromised recurrent laryngeal nerve is a complex task, requiring synthesis of multiple elements. The ... bilateral surgery; neuromonitoring; recurrent laryngeal nerve; thyroid cancer; thyroidectomy; vocal cord paralysis ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31230919
Two Cases of Enlarged Zuckerkandls Tubercle of the Thyroid Displacing the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve LaterallyTwo Cases of Enlarged Zuckerkandl's Tubercle of the Thyroid Displacing the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Laterally
A. N. Hisham and M. R. Lukman, "Recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid surgery: a critical appraisal," ANZ Journal of Surgery, ... ZT has a relation with the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). RLN lateral to ZT is an uncommon occurrence. This paper presents ... J. W. Serpell, "New operative surgical concept of two fascial layers enveloping the recurrent laryngeal nerve," Annals of ... The inferior thyroid arteries and the recurrent laryngeal nerves were identified with usual lateral approach. A left ZT was ...
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/crim/2011/303861/
Visualization Versus Intraoperative Neuromonitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves in Thyroid Surgery - Tabular View -...Visualization Versus Intraoperative Neuromonitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves in Thyroid Surgery - Tabular View -...
the incidence of the recurrent laryngeal nerve injury [ Time Frame: on 2nd postoperative day and than at 1, 2, 4, 6 and 12 ... Visualization Versus Intraoperative Neuromonitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves in Thyroid Surgery. This study has been ... Intraoperative monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid surgery. World J Surg. 2008 Jul;32(7):1358-66. doi: ... Some recent studies have shown that intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) can aid the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT00661024
Migration and Differentiation of Neural Progenitor Cells after Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Avulsion in RatsMigration and Differentiation of Neural Progenitor Cells after Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Avulsion in Rats
... after recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) avulsion. All of the animals received a CM-DiI injection in the left lateral ventricle. ... Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy after thyroidectomy with routine identification of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Surgery 137: ... Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury is one of the severe complications induced by thyroid surgery. The incidences of ... Zhao W, Xu W, Yang WW (2014) Neuroregeneration in the Nucleus Ambiguus After Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Avulsion in Rats. Ann ...
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0107288
Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis: Current concepts and treatment: Part III--Surgical options. - Free Online LibraryRecurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis: Current concepts and treatment: Part III--Surgical options. - Free Online Library
Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis: Current concepts and treatment: Part III--Surgical options. by Ear, Nose and Throat ... nerve+paralysis%3a+Current+concepts+and+treatment%3a...-a070379132,/a,. Citations: *MLA style: "Recurrent laryngeal nerve ... nerve+paralysis%3a+Current+concepts+and+treatment%3a...-a070379132. *APA style: Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis: Current ... S.v. Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis: Current concepts and treatment: Part III--Surgical options.." Retrieved Aug 13 2020 ...
https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Recurrent+laryngeal+nerve+paralysis%3A+Current+concepts+and+treatment%3A+...-a070379132
Improvement in phonation after reconstruction of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in patients with thyroid cancer invading the...Improvement in phonation after reconstruction of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in patients with thyroid cancer invading the...
We report vocal improvement after reconstruction of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in patients with nerve resection, ... Improvement in phonation after reconstruction of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in patients with thyroid cancer invading the ... Direct anastomosis, free nerve grafting, or anastomosis to the ansa cervicalis or the vagus nerves with the RLN were performed ... nerve.. Miyauchi A1, Inoue H, Tomoda C, Fukushima M, Kihara M, Higashiyama T, Takamura Y, Ito Y, Kobayashi K, Miya A. ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19958932
Primary Repair Versus No Repair for Transected Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve | Springer for Research & DevelopmentPrimary Repair Versus No Repair for Transected Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve | Springer for Research & Development
Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy after thyroidectomy with routine identification of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Surgery. 2005 ... Laryngeal approach to the recurrent laryngeal nerve involved by thyroid cancer at the ligament of Berry. Surgery. 2012;152:57- ... Laryngeal reinnervation with nerve-nerve anastomosis versus laryngeal framework surgery alone: a comparison of safety. ... Chou F, Su C, Jeng S, Hsu K, Lu K. Neurorrhaphy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. J Am Coll Surg. 2003;197:52-7.CrossRefPubMed ...
https://rd.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-92860-9_10
Malignant Thymomaof Reticulum-Cell Type With Pressure on the Left Lung, Trachea, Esophagus, Left Phrenic and Left Recurrent...Malignant Thymomaof Reticulum-Cell Type With Pressure on the Left Lung, Trachea, Esophagus, Left Phrenic and Left Recurrent...
Left Phrenic and Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves, and With Metastases to the Glands of the Left Side of the Neck; Importance of ... Left Phrenic and Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves, and With Metastases to the Glands of the Left Side of the Neck; Importance of ...
http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/670015/malignant-thymoma-reticulum-cell-type-pressure-left-lung-trachea-esophagus
Atrophy of the Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscle as an Indicator of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy | American Journal of...Atrophy of the Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscle as an Indicator of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy | American Journal of...
... it is not innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve but rather by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. This ... muscle is one of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. As such, recurrent laryngeal ... This muscle is innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve branch of the vagus nerve, the same nerve that innervates the ... Paralysis may be due to intrinsic lesions of the recurrent laryngeal nerve or vagus nerve, extrinsic lesions that compress and ...
http://www.ajnr.org/content/20/3/467
Intraoperative neuromonitoring versus visual nerve identification for prevention of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in adults...Intraoperative neuromonitoring versus visual nerve identification for prevention of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in adults...
Intraoperative neuromonitoring versus visual nerve identification for prevention of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in adults ... versus visual nerve identification for prevention of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in adults undergoing thyroid surgery. ... Intraoperative neuromonitoring versus visual nerve identification for prevention of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in adults ... Laryngeal mask airway versus endotracheal tube for percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy in critically ill adult patients ...
http://www.cochrane.org/CD012483/ENDOC_intraoperative-neuromonitoring-versus-visual-nerve-identification-prevention-recurrent-laryngeal
A Case of Tapias Syndrome: Iatrogenic Hypoglossal and Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy (P5.271) | NeurologyA Case of Tapia's Syndrome: Iatrogenic Hypoglossal and Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy (P5.271) | Neurology
... a rare iatrogenic complication during intubation involving the hypoglossal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve. BACKGROUND: ... A Case of Tapias Syndrome: Iatrogenic Hypoglossal and Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy (P5.271). Jared Noroozi, Brij Singh ... CONCLUSION: This case highlights hypoglossal and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy occurring without direct transection during ... A Case of Tapias Syndrome: Iatrogenic Hypoglossal and Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy (P5.271) ...
https://n.neurology.org/content/86/16_Supplement/P5.271
Recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring during esophagectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection - Zurich Open Repository and...Recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring during esophagectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection - Zurich Open Repository and...
Gelpke, H; Grieder, F; Decurtins, M; Cadosch, D (2010). Recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring during esophagectomy and ... BACKGROUND: Patients who undergo surgery to the esophagus and lungs are in jeopardy of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) damage ... BACKGROUND: Patients who undergo surgery to the esophagus and lungs are in jeopardy of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) damage ... The correct functioning of the nerve monitoring system was tested directly at the vagus nerve. Diagnosis of postoperative RLN ...
https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/42743/
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy secondary to an aortic aneurysm (Ortners syndrome) | The British Journal of CardiologyLeft recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy secondary to an aortic aneurysm (Ortner's syndrome) | The British Journal of Cardiology
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy secondary to an aortic aneurysm (Ortners syndrome). January 2004Br J Cardiol 2004;11:69- ... In patients presenting with persistent hoarseness due to left recurrent laryngeal nerve (LRLN) palsy and an abnormal left hilum ... In each case, the LRLN palsy was in fact due to direct compression of the nerve by an aortic aneurysm. ...
https://bjcardio.co.uk/2004/01/left-recurrent-laryngeal-nerve-palsy-secondary-to-an-aortic-aneurysm-ortners-syndrome/
Recurrent laryngeal nerve | definition of recurrent laryngeal nerve by Medical dictionaryRecurrent laryngeal nerve | definition of recurrent laryngeal nerve by Medical dictionary
What is recurrent laryngeal nerve? Meaning of recurrent laryngeal nerve medical term. What does recurrent laryngeal nerve mean? ... Looking for online definition of recurrent laryngeal nerve in the Medical Dictionary? recurrent laryngeal nerve explanation ... recurrent laryngeal nerve. Also found in: Acronyms, Wikipedia. re·cur·rent la·ryn·ge·al nerve. [TA] a branch of the vagus nerve ... and esophageal branches and terminates as the inferior laryngeal nerve. recurrent laryngeal nerve. a branch of the vagus nerve ...
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/recurrent+laryngeal+nerve
Right Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Shows Greater Stimulation in Spine Surgery; May Indicate Greater Risk - ENTtodayRight Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Shows Greater Stimulation in Spine Surgery; May Indicate Greater Risk - ENTtoday
... researchers have shown in a study intended to promote greater understanding and prevention of damage to the recurrent nerve ... PHOENIX-The right recurrent laryngeal nerve showed greater stimulation than the left during anterior cervical spine surgery on ... Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring No Better Than ID Alone. * Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring Is Highly Effective in ... Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring No Better Than ID Alone. *Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring Is Highly Effective in ...
https://www.enttoday.org/article/right-recurrent-laryngeal-nerve-shows-greater-stimulation-in-spine-surgery-may-indicate-greater-risk/
Bergen Open Research Archive: EMG changes during continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring with sustained recurrent laryngeal...Bergen Open Research Archive: EMG changes during continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring with sustained recurrent laryngeal...
Purpose: Traction is the most common cause of injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in endocrine neck surgery. The ... EMG changes during continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring with sustained recurrent laryngeal nerve traction in a porcine ... Results: In 29 nerves at risk (NAR), BL amplitude and latency values were 1098 ± 418 (586-2255) μV (mean ± SD (range)) (right ... In only 11 (38 %) of 29 nerves, the amplitude recovered to more than 50 % of BL. Conclusions: Latency increase may be the first ...
https://bora.uib.no/bora-xmlui/handle/1956/15318
Responses of Recurrent Laryngeal, Hypoglossal, and Phrenic Nerves to Increasing Depths of Anesthesia with Halothane or...Responses of Recurrent Laryngeal, Hypoglossal, and Phrenic Nerves to Increasing Depths of Anesthesia with Halothane or...
Responses of Recurrent Laryngeal, Hypoglossal, and Phrenic Nerves to Increasing Depths of Anesthesia with Halothane or ... Responses of Recurrent Laryngeal, Hypoglossal, and Phrenic Nerves to Increasing Depths of Anesthesia with Halothane or ... Responses of Recurrent Laryngeal, Hypoglossal, and Phrenic Nerves to Increasing Depths of Anesthesia with Halothane or ... Responses of Recurrent Laryngeal, Hypoglossal, and Phrenic Nerves to Increasing Depths of Anesthesia with Halothane or ...
http://anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org/article.aspx?articleid=1954964
Bleeding, Dysphagia, Dysphonia, Dysarthria, Severe Sore Throat, and Possible Recurrent Laryngeal, Hypoglossal, and Lingual...Bleeding, Dysphagia, Dysphonia, Dysarthria, Severe Sore Throat, and Possible Recurrent Laryngeal, Hypoglossal, and Lingual...
... and Possible Recurrent Laryngeal, Hypoglossal, and Lingual Nerve Injury Associated with Routine Laryngeal Mask Airway ... and Possible Recurrent Laryngeal, Hypoglossal, and Lingual Nerve Injury Associated with Routine Laryngeal Mask Airway ... and Possible Recurrent Laryngeal, Hypoglossal, and Lingual Nerve Injury Associated with Routine Laryngeal Mask Airway ... and Possible Recurrent Laryngeal, Hypoglossal, and Lingual Nerve Injury Associated with Routine Laryngeal Mask Airway ...
http://anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org/article.aspx?articleid=1942157
Non recurrent laryngeal nerve with right aberrant subclavian artery in recurrent case of papillary carcinoma of thyroid: an...Non recurrent laryngeal nerve with right aberrant subclavian artery in recurrent case of papillary carcinoma of thyroid: an...
A nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve is a rare anatomical variant and a routine preoperative imaging studies are not indicated. NRLN ... Non recurrent laryngeal nerve with right aberrant subclavian artery in recurrent case of papillary carcinoma of thyroid: an ... A nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve(NRLN) is a rare anatomical variant and a routine preoperative imaging studies are not indicated ... Conclusion: Accurate knowledge of frequent variations of the nerve along with the non recurrent variant reduces the risk of ...
http://www.alliedacademies.org/abstract/non-recurrent-laryngeal-nerve-with-right-aberrant-subclavian-artery-in-recurrent-case-of-papillary-carcinoma-of-thyroid-an-interes-4040.html
JCDR - Combined Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve and Phrenic Nerve Palsy: A Rare Presentation of Thoracic Aortic AneurysmJCDR - Combined Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve and Phrenic Nerve Palsy: A Rare Presentation of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
Combined Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve and Phrenic Nerve Palsy: A Rare Presentation of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm TD01-TD02 ... Hoarseness due to left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN) paralysis caused by identifiable cardiovascular disease has been ... Very rarely, thoracic aortic aneurysm can cause Phrenic Nerve (PN) palsy causing hemidiaphragm paralysis. But, aortic aneurysm ...
http://jcdr.net/article_abstract.asp?issn=0973-709x&year=2017&month=May&volume=11&issue=5&page=TD01-TD02&id=9765
JCDR - Effect of Dissection of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves on Parathyroid Insufficiency during Total Thyroidectomy...JCDR - Effect of Dissection of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves on Parathyroid Insufficiency during Total Thyroidectomy...
Aim: To study the risk of hypocalcaemia due to recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLNs) dissection during total thyroidectomy for ... Effect of Dissection of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves on Parathyroid Insufficiency during Total Thyroidectomy for Multinodular ...
http://www.jcdr.net/article_abstract.asp?issn=0973-709x&year=2016&volume=10&issue=2&page=PC01&issn=0973-709x&id=7196
Does recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node metastasis really affect the prognosis in node-positive patients with squamous cell...Does recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node metastasis really affect the prognosis in node-positive patients with squamous cell...
Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) lymph node metastasis used to be shown a predictor for poor prognosis in esophageal squamous ... recurrent laryngeal nerve, T: trachea. (c) Left upper mediastinal field. RLN: (left) recurrent laryngeal nerve, AA: aotic arch ... Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) lymph node is located at the cervical base continuous to the upper mediastinum, which is one of ... Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) lymph node metastasis used to be shown a predictor for poor prognosis in esophageal squamous ...
https://bmcsurg.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2482-14-43
Recurrent Laryngeal NerveRecurrent Laryngeal Nerve
The Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve originates in the head, passes down into the chest and loops around the aorta before returning to ... de novo rewire that would cut out the useless intervening nerve length.. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recurrent_laryngeal_nerve ... This animal nerve is interesting because of its circuitous route to its destination. It originates in the head, passes down ... In humans, this adds a few superfluous inches, but in giraffes, the nerve must travel the entire length of the neck, before ...
http://infosnacks.com/recurrent-laryngeal-nerve
Recurrent laryngeal nerveRecurrent laryngeal nerve
... a very long nerve that originates in the brainstem. After the recurrent laryngeal nerve leaves the vagus nerve, it goes down ... into the chest and then loops back up ( recurs ) to supply nerves to… ... One of the best known branches of the vagus nerve, ... Recurrent laryngeal nerve - Nerve: Recurrent laryngeal nerve ... Laryngeal nerve - The Laryngeal nerve, or Galen s nerve, is a nerve originating from the vagus nerve. It comprises two branches ...
https://medicine.enacademic.com/7003/Recurrent_laryngeal_nerve
Vagus nerveThyroidectomyPalsyParalysisLarynxSurgeryAnatomyDissectionPharyngealSurgicalNeckRLNsComplicationsLaryngoscopyAbstractHypoglossalParathyroidCervicalIONMLoops around the aortaHoarsenessEsophagealPhrenicCranial nervesElectrodeThoraxNonrecurrent Inferior LarynInferior laryngeal nervesBranchesMask airwayTransectionSuperior laryngealPassesAnatomicalMusclesTrachealInnervatesPosteriorEsophagusEndoscopicThyroid cancerArteriesInjuriesAortic
Vagus nerve46
  • The recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is a branch of the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) that supplies all the intrinsic muscles of the larynx, with the exception of the cricothyroid muscles. (wikipedia.org)
  • Fibers cross over to and join the vagus nerve in the jugular foramen. (wikipedia.org)
  • Parasympathetic fibers to segments of the trachea and esophagus in the neck originate in the dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve. (wikipedia.org)
  • In roughly 1 out of every 100-200 people, the right inferior laryngeal nerve is nonrecurrent, branching off the vagus nerve around the level of the cricoid cartilage. (wikipedia.org)
  • This muscle is innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve branch of the vagus nerve, the same nerve that innervates the thyroarytenoid muscle, which accounts for the bulk of the true vocal cord. (ajnr.org)
  • The correct functioning of the nerve monitoring system was tested directly at the vagus nerve. (uzh.ch)
  • a branch of the vagus nerve in mammals which loops round the DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS and then goes forward along the trachea. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • One of two offshoots of the vagus nerve that connect to the larynx. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • One of the best known branches of the vagus nerve, a very long nerve that originates in the brainstem. (enacademic.com)
  • After the recurrent laryngeal nerve leaves the vagus nerve, it goes down into the chest and then loops back up ("recurs") to supply nerves to the larynx (the voice box ). (enacademic.com)
  • Laryngeal nerve - The Laryngeal nerve, or Galen s nerve, is a nerve originating from the vagus nerve. (enacademic.com)
  • Laryngeal nerve palsy - Paralysis of the larynx (voice box) caused by damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve or its parent nerve, the vagus nerve, which originates in the brainstem and runs down to the colon. (enacademic.com)
  • Paralysis, laryngeal nerve - Paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the vagus nerve (a long and important nerve that originates in the brainstem and runs down to the colon). (enacademic.com)
  • The recurrent laryngeal nerve is a branch of the vagus nerve (CN X) . Running within the endoneurium, it innervates the laryngeal muscles in the neck and pick up sensory information from the larynx, which is where vocal cords are. (blogspot.com)
  • originating in the brainstem, the left recurrent laryngeal nerve branches off the vagus nerve and travels down into the thorax (chest) to loop around under the arch of the aorta artery , then it goes back up to supply the larynx. (blogspot.com)
  • The recurrent laryngeal nerve is a branch of the vagus nerve (the tenth cranial nerve ) that supplies motor function and sensation to the larynx (voice box). (wikia.org)
  • It branches from the vagus nerve in the chest cavity before it loops around the aorta and then back up to the larynx. (eternalvigilance.me)
  • However, the current technique for CIONM, in which a stimulating probe is placed on the vagus nerve, has not been widely adopted because of concerns regarding its invasiveness and safety. (henryford.com)
  • During the routine dissection of an adult male cadaver, the entire left recurrent laryngeal nerve after branching from the left vagus nerve was noted to travel medial to the ligamentum arteriosum. (utmb.edu)
  • The recurrent laryngeal nerve is part of the vagus nerve which travels from the brain to the larynx, sending signals about how we speak (or bark, or whatever). (tutsplus.com)
  • Palatal movements were normal thereby excluding the possibility of injury to the rest of the vagus nerve and confirming an isolated injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The vagus nerve is the longest cranial nerve. (medscape.com)
  • The vagus nerve exits from the medulla oblongata in the groove between the olive and the inferior cerebellar peduncle. (medscape.com)
  • The vagus nerve is joined by the cranial root of the accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI), just below the inferior ganglion. (medscape.com)
  • Course of the vagus nerve. (medscape.com)
  • The vagus nerve descends vertically within the carotid sheath posterolateral to the internal and common carotid arteries and medial to the internal jugular vein (IJV) at the root of the neck. (medscape.com)
  • It then inclines behind the hilum of the right lung and courses medially toward the esophagus to form the esophageal plexus with the left vagus nerve. (medscape.com)
  • Diagram of the vagus nerve demonstrating the different branches. (medscape.com)
  • It courses behind the root of the left lung and then deviates medially and downwards to reach the esophagus and form the esophageal plexus by joining the opposite (right) vagus nerve. (medscape.com)
  • Similarly, the posterior gastric nerve is formed mainly from the right vagus but contains fibers from the left vagus nerve. (medscape.com)
  • During dissection of the right lobe, the right ILN which has nonrecurrent course arising directly from cervical vagus nerve is identified and fully isolated until its laryngeal entry. (hindawi.com)
  • The nerve is fully isolated from its originating point on the vagus nerve until its laryngeal entry. (hindawi.com)
  • The auricular branch of the vagus nerve is a sensory nerve emerging from the superior ganglion of the vagus nerve, joined by branches from the glossopharyngeal (CN IX) and facial nerves, and innervating the lower part of the tympanic membrane and the floor of the external auditory canal. (tabers.com)
  • Continuous vagal nerve monitoring (C-IONM) has been used as a means to monitor for the earliest signs of RLN injury, but has been reported to cause complications related to the dissection of the vagus nerve, circumferential placement of the electrode around the vagus nerve, traction injury to the vagus nerve, and unpopularity with its feasibility ( 4 , 5 ). (amegroups.com)
  • ICD-10-PCS code 00XL4ZQ for Transfer Abducens Nerve to Vagus Nerve, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach is a medical classification as listed by CMS under Central Nervous System and Cranial Nerves range. (aapc.com)
  • The superior laryngeal nerve is a branch of the vagus nerve. (wikipedia.org)
  • It arises from the middle of the inferior ganglion of vagus nerve and in its course receives a branch from the superior cervical ganglion of the sympathetic nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
  • In (b)(6) 2005, i had a vagus nerve stimulator implanted for treatment resistant depression by a dr (b)(6) at (b)(6) medical center in (b)(6). (fda.gov)
  • Two months later, another vagus nerve stimulator was implanted by the same surgeon, who damaged my recurrent laryngeal nerve, leaving me unable to speak for a year. (fda.gov)
  • And i will file another report concerning severe sleep apnea caused by the second vagus nerve stimulator (which i cured in (b)(6) 2013 by having to demand that the neurologist adjusting the settings on the device turn it off, after suffering significant sleep apnea even on a bipap machine. (fda.gov)
  • Vns had no effect on my depression at the time, but the second vagus nerve stimulator nearly caused me to commit suicide because it was causing sleep apnea with an apnea hypoxia index of 47. (fda.gov)
  • On (b)(6) 2006, i had a second vagus nerve stimulator implanted for treatment-resistant depression after the first one had to be removed in (b)(6) 2006, because the surgeon infected me with (b)(6) while the first stimulator was implanted (i have submitted a report concerning that adverse event already). (fda.gov)
  • The settings on the vagus nerve stimulator as of (b)(6) 2011 were: parameters output current (ma): 1. (fda.gov)
  • On that date, i brought several studies to my neurologist's office that proved indisputably that vagus nerve stimulation causes severe sleep apnea, severe exacerbation of depression and cardiac arrest during sleep. (fda.gov)
  • I weighed approximately (b)(6) pounds in (b)(6) 2011, as opposed to my weight listed in two other reports related to implantation of this device and a prior implantation of a vagus nerve stimulator. (fda.gov)
  • Perhaps the most memorable scene involved the dissection of the recurrent laryngeal nerve: the branch of the vagus nerve that travels from the brain to the larynx. (scienceblogs.com)
Thyroidectomy26
  • This textbook is designed to deliver a comprehensive up-to-date review of all aspects of recurrent laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal nerve anatomy including surgically important anatomy, key strategic surgical maneuvers, state-of-the-art neural monitoring, preservation of recurrent and superior laryngeal nerves during thyroidectomy and surgical management. (springer.com)
  • Lahey FH (1938) Routine dissection and demonstration of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in subtotal thyroidectomy. (springer.com)
  • Riddell VH (1956) Injury to recurrent laryngeal nerves during thyroidectomy-a comparison between the results of identification and non-identification in 1022 nerves exposed to risk. (springer.com)
  • An enlarged ZT (grade 3) displacing RLN may increase injury risk to the nerve during total thyroidectomy. (hindawi.com)
  • In 1938, Lahey from Boston reported a significantly lower incidence of RLN injuries following thyroidectomy with dissection and visualization of the nerves as compared to operations without nerve identification. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy after thyroidectomy with routine identification of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. (springer.com)
  • Outcome with immediate direct anastomosis of recurrent laryngeal nerves injured during thyroidectomy. (springer.com)
  • Lee SW, Park KN, Oh SK, Jung C, Mok J, Kim C. Long-term efficacy of primary intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve reinnervation in the management of thyroidectomy-related unilateral vocal fold paralysis. (springer.com)
  • Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury and preservation in thyroidectomy. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • To study the risk of hypocalcaemia due to recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLNs) dissection during total thyroidectomy for benign multinodular goitre (MNG). (jcdr.net)
  • Objectives: We aim to evaluate the rates of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury after thyroidectomy and to put forward the factors influencing the risk of RLN injury during thyroid surgery. (gazi.edu.tr)
  • The present study aimed to determine the voice outcomes before and after the administration of voice therapy in patients who suffered an injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve after undergoing thyroidectomy. (ac.ir)
  • The sample consisted of 26 patients (2 males and 24 females) aged between 18 and 80 years (m=55±12) who experienced injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve following thyroidectomy that was used to treat a thyroid gland disease. (ac.ir)
  • Laryngeal symptoms are known to often accompany thyroidectomy procedures. (ac.ir)
  • Laryngeal vocal and endoscopic alterations after thyroidectomy under local anesthesia and hypnosedation. (ac.ir)
  • Objective: To study factors related to recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) paralysis, a major complication of thyroidectomy. (mahidol.ac.th)
  • OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Continuous intraoperative nerve monitoring (CIONM) during thyroidectomy is promising technology that may reduce the incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injuries. (henryford.com)
  • Introduction: The objective of the study was to assess the mechanism of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury during video-assisted thyroidectomy (VAT). (elsevier.com)
  • Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the complication rates of total thyroidectomy in a regional hospital setting in Denmark for permanent hypoparathyroidism, recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and post-operative bleeding. (ugeskriftet.dk)
  • Background: The aetiology of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) neurapraxia is unclear in most RLN palsies post-thyroidectomy. (monash.edu)
  • Intraoperative laryngeal nerve monitoring during thyroidectomy. (medscape.com)
  • What is the role of intraoperative nerve monitoring in thyroidectomy? (medscape.com)
  • Choby et al describes normative values for in-situ nerve stimulation pre and post thyroidectomy. (medscape.com)
  • This can have an impact on surgical management of patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for a benign condition, should one nerve not stimulate well during the case. (medscape.com)
  • Exclusive real-time monitoring during recurrent laryngeal nerve dissection in conventional monitored thyroidectomy. (amegroups.com)
  • published a novel and provocative article in Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences entitled " Exclusive real-time monitoring during recurrent laryngeal nerve dissection in conventional monitored thyroidectomy ", that examines the benefits of intraoperative nerve monitoring during thyroidectomy with a new potential to continuously monitor the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) with minimal risk. (amegroups.com)
Palsy37
  • Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy ranks among the leading reasons for medicolegal litigation of surgeons because of its attendant reduction in quality of life. (springer.com)
  • Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy rates (RLNPR) varied widely after thyroid surgery, ranging from 0%-7.1% for transient RLN palsy to 0%-11% for permanent RLN palsy. (springer.com)
  • Recuurent laryngeal nerve palsy rates tended to be lower with IONM than without it, but this difference was not statistically significant. (springer.com)
  • Jatzko GR, Lisborg PH, Müller MG et al (1994) Recurrent nerve palsy after thyroid operations-principal nerve identification and a literature review. (springer.com)
  • But even in the most experienced hands RLN palsy occurs occasionally, with an average frequency below 1% of nerves at risk due to variability in RLNs anatomy and difficulties in nerve identification by visual or palpation control in challenging conditions (e.g. advanced thyroid malignancy or reoperative thyroid surgery). (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • As such, recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy should not only result in paralysis of the true vocal cord or thyroarytenoid muscle but also in a similar change in the PCA muscle. (ajnr.org)
  • The ability of CT and MR imaging to depict denervation atrophy in the PCA muscle in patients with recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy was evaluated. (ajnr.org)
  • Atrophy of the PCA muscle may be commonly documented on CT and MR studies in patients with recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and vocal cord paralysis, and therefore should be part of the constellation of imaging features of vocal cord paralysis. (ajnr.org)
  • BACKGROUND: Iatrogenic hypoglossal nerve palsy and Tapia Syndrome occurring during intubation with the use of a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) cuff have rarely been reported in literature. (neurology.org)
  • CONCLUSION: This case highlights hypoglossal and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy occurring without direct transection during surgery, a potentially preventable complication with careful attention to reducing compression of the lateral tongue base and larynx during intubation. (neurology.org)
  • In patients presenting with persistent hoarseness due to left recurrent laryngeal nerve (LRLN) palsy and an abnormal left hilum on chest radiographs, a major cause is bronchogenic carcinoma. (bjcardio.co.uk)
  • In each case, the LRLN palsy was in fact due to direct compression of the nerve by an aortic aneurysm. (bjcardio.co.uk)
  • Such injury results in temporary or permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (RLNP), which manifests as hoarseness in unilateral injury or life-threatening acute airway obstruction in bilateral injury. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Very rarely, thoracic aortic aneurysm can cause Phrenic Nerve (PN) palsy causing hemidiaphragm paralysis. (jcdr.net)
  • Damage to this nerve can result in a temporary or permanent palsy, which is associated with vocal cord paresis or paralysis. (nih.gov)
  • Damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve causes laryngeal palsy - paralysis of the larynx - on the affected side and can result from diseases inside the chest such as a tumor or an aneurysm of the arch of the aorta. (enacademic.com)
  • Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy is rare and has not been reported in association with a foreign body in the thoracic oesophagus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Delayed diagnosis led to a recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, which persisted despite successful surgical removal of the foreign body. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy may indicate impending perforation and should prompt urgent evaluation and treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We report a case of an impacted dental plate in the thoracic oesophagus presenting with recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy that was safely removed by thoracotomy one year after ingestion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Repeat flexible laryngoscopy demonstrated left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and he was referred for urgent computed tomography of the neck and chest. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At follow up, his swallowing had returned to normal, but he had a persistent hoarse voice due to recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, for which he has been referred for injection laryngoplasty. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conclusions: RLN palsy still occurs with routine endoscopic identification of the nerve, even combined with LNM. (elsevier.com)
  • Conclusion: The incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy was similar to that reported in other published studies. (ugeskriftet.dk)
  • The main causes of concern in thyroid surgery are chronic hypoparathyroidism and recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy. (ugeskriftet.dk)
  • They also note that nerve monitoring does not reduce the rate of RLN palsy. (medscape.com)
  • The timing of the events and the computed tomography scan results strongly support the conclusion that the left recurrent laryngeal nerve was injured during insertion of the Hickman line, resulting in a left adductor vocal cord palsy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Several studies have documented that routine identification of the RLN with IONM has decreased the rates of permanent RLN palsy It is not designed to visualize the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), but to allow intra-operative assessment of RLN function as well as to establish a prognosis in patients developing RLN paralysis. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Main outcome measures Presence of two permanent major complications (recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy or hypoparathyroidism), six months after thyroid surgery. (bmj.com)
  • Overall rates of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and hypoparathyroidism were 2.08% (95% confidence interval 1.53% to 2.67%) and 2.69% (2.10% to 3.31%), respectively. (bmj.com)
  • In a multivariate analysis, 20 years or more of practice was associated with increased probability of both recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (odds ratio 3.06 (1.07 to 8.80), P=0.04) and hypoparathyroidism (7.56 (1.79 to 31.99), P=0.01). (bmj.com)
  • A superior laryngeal nerve palsy changes the pitch of the voice and causes an inability to make explosive sounds due to paralysis of the cricothyroid muscle. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ortner's syndrome is a rare cardiovocal syndrome and refers to recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy from cardiovascular disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • This correlation between hoarseness of voice and cardiac anatomic pathology was first described by Dr. Norbert Ortner in 1897 after he observed left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (LRLN) in three patients with left atrial enlargement secondary to mitral valve stenosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • The definition of Ortner's syndrome has since then expanded to encompass all possible causes of left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy with cardiac etiologies. (wikipedia.org)
  • Due to its low frequency of occurrence, more common causes of hoarseness should be considered when suspecting left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (LRLN). (wikipedia.org)
  • Recurrent nerve palsy in patient with mitral stenosis. (wikipedia.org)
Paralysis19
  • Damage to the right recurrent laryngeal nerve causes changes to normal phonation as a result of unilateral paralysis to the vocal fold, in this case the right vocal fold (Benumof, & Hagberg, 2007). (prezi.com)
  • Dralle H, Sekulla C, Haerting J et al (2004) Risk factors of paralysis and functional outcome after recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring in thyroid surgery. (springer.com)
  • Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis: Current concepts and treatment: Part III--Surgical options. (thefreelibrary.com)
  • Hartl DM, Travagli J, Leboulleux S, Baudin E, Brasnu DF, Schlumberger M. Current concepts in the management of unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis after thyroid surgery. (springer.com)
  • Each study was also reviewed for the presence or absence of other features of vocal cord paralysis: thyroarytenoid muscle atrophy, anteromedial deviation of the arytenoid cartilage, an enlarged piriform sinus and laryngeal ventricle, and a paramedian cord. (ajnr.org)
  • The imaging features of vocal cord paralysis include atrophy of the thyroarytenoid muscle, anteromedial deviation of the arytenoid cartilage, enlarged laryngeal ventricle, enlarged piriform sinus, and a paramedian vocal cord (1-3) . (ajnr.org)
  • We, as otolaryngologists, care about anterior cervical spine surgery because the most common complication is temporary or permanent recurrent largyngeal nerve paralysis, or paresis, recorded in the literature, anywhere from 1 to 24 percent, Dr. Bellapianta said. (enttoday.org)
  • Hoarseness due to left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN) paralysis caused by identifiable cardiovascular disease has been described as Ortner's syndrome or Cardiovocal syndrome. (jcdr.net)
  • Galen is said to have first described the clinical syndrome of recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. (wikia.org)
  • Vocal fold paralysis may be bilateral or unilateral and is typically caused by nerve involvement of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and, less commonly, the superior laryngeal nerve. (bbivar.com)
  • The location and type of the injury along the nerve pathway will determine the type of paralysis and the resultant voice quality. (bbivar.com)
  • Nerve weakness or paralysis. (royalmarsden.nhs.uk)
  • This represents a preliminary step in the development of an alternative approach to the patient with bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. (uthscsa.edu)
  • The number of two-stage surgeries, the rates of recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis (RLNP) as well as hypocalcemia, and the long-term survival were assessed. (nih.gov)
  • Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis (RLNP) is a frequent and serious complication following esophageal cancer surgery. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
  • Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis in the presence of a thyromegaly is considered to be caused by a thyroid malignancy unless proven otherwise. (bvsalud.org)
  • Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) paralysis is mainly associated with esophagectomy, and it may result in not only other morbidities, such as aspiration pneumonia, but also in long-term issues. (elsevier.com)
  • Here we present a patient with concurrent hypoglossal and recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis after rhinoplasty. (ac.ir)
  • Right hypoglossal nerve paralysis was also detected during physical cranial nerve function tests. (ac.ir)
Larynx14
  • The recurrent laryngeal nerves supply sensation to the larynx below the vocal cords, gives cardiac branches to the deep cardiac plexus, and branches to the trachea, esophagus and the inferior constrictor muscles. (wikipedia.org)
  • The vagus nerves run down into the thorax, and the recurrent laryngeal nerves run up to the larynx. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unlike the other nerves supplying the larynx, the right and left RLNs lack bilateral symmetry. (wikipedia.org)
  • The posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscle is one of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. (ajnr.org)
  • This has been attributed to pressure neuropathy of the nerves during inflation of the endotracheal cuff within the larynx. (neurology.org)
  • Eventually, each recurrent laryngeal nerve enters the larynx between the inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage and the arch of the cricoid, branching after laryngeal penetration in two-thirds of cases. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • How difficult would it be to genetically re-engineer a giraffe (or a human) so that the recurrent laryngeal nerve passes directly from the brain to the larynx? (eternalvigilance.me)
  • In human beings this nerve now travels from the brain, down the neck, into the chest and around the aortic arch, before heading back up the neck to the larynx. (tutsplus.com)
  • In addition to extralaryngeal branching and nonrecurrent laryngeal nerves, an unreported variation was identified in 44 RLNs (1.04%) at their entries into the larynx. (elsevier.com)
  • The recurrent laryngeal nerve gets its name from the fact that it loops below the aorta on its way to the intrinsic muscles of the larynx. (wikipedia.org)
  • The left recurrent laryngeal nerve passes under and around the aorta on its way to the larynx, whereas the right recurrent laryngeal nerve passes under and around the subclavian artery. (wikipedia.org)
  • It descends to the thyrohyoid membrane, piercing it in company with the superior laryngeal artery, and is distributed to the mucous membrane of the larynx. (wikipedia.org)
  • Above the vocal folds the sensory innervation of the larynx is via the internal laryngeal nerve. (wikipedia.org)
  • The inferior laryngeal artery climbs the trachea to the back part of the larynx under cover of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle . (wikipedia.org)
Surgery45
  • Case 4: Damage to the Right Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve resulting from Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) Surgery. (prezi.com)
  • Lamade W, Renz K, Willeke F et al (1999) Effect of training on the incidence of nerve damage in thyroid surgery. (springer.com)
  • Hermann M, Alk G, Roka R et al (2002) Laryngeal recurrent nerve injury in surgery for benign thyroid diseases. (springer.com)
  • Intraoperative neuromonitoring information has significant implications for surgical management of the injured or invaded recurrent laryngeal nerve and informs strategy with respect to staging of bilateral surgery. (nih.gov)
  • Some recent studies have shown that intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) can aid the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) identification during thyroid surgery. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Apart from hypoparathyroidism, dysfunction of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is the most common complication following thyroid surgery. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury is one of the severe complications induced by thyroid surgery. (plos.org)
  • In high vagal nerve resection (in skull base surgery, for example), symptoms are often severe and chances of spontaneous recovery are extremely low. (thefreelibrary.com)
  • Lynch J, Parameswaran R. Management of unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injury after thyroid surgery: a review. (springer.com)
  • Sanuki T, Yumuto E, Minoda R, Kodama N. The role of immediate recurrent laryngeal nerve reconstruction for thyroid cancer surgery. (springer.com)
  • To assess the effects of intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) versus visual nerve identification for prevention of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in adults undergoing thyroid surgery. (cochrane.org)
  • Cirocchi R, D'Andrea V, Arezzo A, Abraha I, Passera R, Avenia N, Randolph J, Barczyñski M. Intraoperative neuromonitoring versus visual nerve identification for prevention of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in adults undergoing thyroid surgery. (cochrane.org)
  • Patients who had IONM during the procedure (n = 1481) were compared with patients who underwent surgery with nerve visualization alone (n = 1075). (ovid.com)
  • BACKGROUND: Patients who undergo surgery to the esophagus and lungs are in jeopardy of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) damage during the procedure. (uzh.ch)
  • Serpell, "Role of intra-operative neural monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgery," ANZ Journal of Surgery, vol. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • PHOENIX-The right recurrent laryngeal nerve showed greater stimulation than the left during anterior cervical spine surgery on 40 patients, researchers have shown in a study intended to promote greater understanding and prevention of damage to the recurrent nerve during the procedure. (enttoday.org)
  • Researchers at Albany Medical Center in New York said the findings indicate that the right recurrent laryngeal nerve might be at a higher risk of injury during the surgery. (enttoday.org)
  • The right recurrent laryngeal nerve does show greater stimulation during the surgery, said Karen Bellapianta, MD, who presented the findings at the 130th Annual Meeting of the American Laryngological Association, conducted as part of the Combined Otolaryngology Spring Meeting. (enttoday.org)
  • Purpose: Traction is the most common cause of injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in endocrine neck surgery. (uib.no)
  • Injuries to the recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve (RILN) remain one of the major post-operative complications after thyroid and parathyroid surgery. (nih.gov)
  • Visual identification of the RILN is a common procedure to prevent nerve injury during thyroid and parathyroid surgery. (nih.gov)
  • Recently, intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) has been introduced in order to facilitate the localisation of the nerves and to prevent their injury during surgery. (nih.gov)
  • We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing IONM nerve identification plus visual nerve identification versus visual nerve identification alone for prevention of RILN injury in adults undergoing thyroid surgery DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently screened titles and abstracts for relevance. (nih.gov)
  • The nerve is best known for its importance in thyroid surgery, as it runs immediately posterior to this gland. (blogspot.com)
  • The right recurrent laryngeal nerve is more susceptible to damage during thyroid surgery due to its relatively medial location. (wikia.org)
  • If 'bruised', the nerve does not work properly after surgery but recovers and returns to normal during the subsequent few days or weeks. (royalmarsden.nhs.uk)
  • Visual identification of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is considered as a gold standard of RLN preservation during thyroid surgery. (kjhno.org)
  • The value of neurostimulation and intraoperative nerve monitoring of inferior laryngeal nerve in thyroid surgery. (medscape.com)
  • Choby G, Hollenbeak CS, Johnson S, Goldenberg D. Surface electrode recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring during thyroid surgery: normative values. (medscape.com)
  • Although strong anatomic knowledge is a prerequisite to any surgery, the use of intraoperative nerve monitoring allows for an intraoperative assessment of nerve function prior to removing the gland, immediately after removing the gland, and just prior to closure of the surgical site. (medscape.com)
  • This case report illustrates an unusual example of iatrogenic injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve, an injury that is usually associated with thyroid, parathyroid, aortic, oesophageal or carotid endarterectomy surgery. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Objectives: We aimed to highlight a new anatomical variation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), and to emphasize its implications for thyroid surgery. (elsevier.com)
  • Intra operative Nerve Monitoring ( IONM ) is rapidly becoming the standard of care for thyroid surgery to prevent injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Early laryngeal cancer can be treatment by laser surgery or radiotherapy, intermediate and advanced laryngeal carcinoma mainly surgical treatment. (bioportfolio.com)
  • The intention of this study is to compare the performance of the single-use I-gel laryngeal mask with the classic laryngeal mask in 50 patients with a BMI>25 during elective surgery. (bioportfolio.com)
  • As the inferior (or recurrent) laryngeal nerve (ILN or RLN) is the most important structure in terms of complication, anatomic variations of the nerve may threat the safety of the thyroid surgery. (hindawi.com)
  • With more than 155 peer-reviewed publications, Dr. Randolph has focused the bulk of his research on recurrent laryngeal nerve anatomy, preservation, and monitoring during thyroid cancer surgery, with a concentration on the importance of laryngeal exams, the recognition of lymph node metastasis, and revision cancer surgery. (massgeneral.org)
  • A clear operative view of the middle and lower mediastinum is possible in prone position during video-assisted thorocoscopic surgery of esophagus (VATS-E), but the working space in the upper mediastinum is limited and lymph node dissection along the left recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is difficult in this position. (amegroups.com)
  • The use of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) monitoring may provide added reassurance during performance of thyroid surgery, however, its superiority over nerve visualization alone has not been conclusively proven. (multilearning.com)
  • Continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring (CIONM) of the RLN during thyroid surgery allows the surgeon to assess impending neurophysiologic injury to the nerve by measuring amplitude and latency changes which may be able to predict impending vocal fold weakness without evidence of RLN injury anatomically ( 1 ). (amegroups.com)
  • You Do Spine Surgery and Don't Monitor Nerves? (spine-health.com)
  • Indeed, most spine and neuro surgeons don't realize how much nerve irritation there is in spine surgery. (spine-health.com)
  • When the surgery calls for significant nerve manipulation, particularly cervical or cranial, the data is just unequivocal. (spine-health.com)
  • Allen's own data from roughly 40,000 cases (collected by his group) points to a clear advantage to those surgeons who use nerve monitoring during surgery. (spine-health.com)
  • Over the past twenty years, team members of the Mass General Center for Laryngeal Surgery & Voice Rehabilitation have designed, developed and perfected many surgical procedures now currently in use to enhance the treatment of benign and malignant laryngeal and pharyngeal disease. (massgeneral.org)
Anatomy7
  • The book is visually oriented with color illustrations and photomicrographs embracing all aspects of recurrent laryngeal nerve anatomy including branching patterns, relationship of the nerve and the inferior thyroid artery and the non-recurrent recurrent laryngeal nerve. (springer.com)
  • The Normal Anatomy of the Right Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RRLN). (prezi.com)
  • Revisited anatomy of the recurrent laryngeal nerves. (prezi.com)
  • We performed a necropsy in an Indian rhinoceros, recapitulating Owen's dissection and display what appear to be the initial identification of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in situ and the anatomy and histology of the largest rhinoceros parathyroid glands yet identified. (paperity.org)
  • The study was done to see the relationship of recurrent laryngeal nerves with corresponding inferior thyroid artery with the aim to increase the knowledge regarding variational anatomy in our population . (bvsalud.org)
  • The aim of the study is to assess the efficiency and limitations of ultrasound in detecting and characterizing laryngeal anatomy and study of some laryngeal disorders and their ultrasonogr. (bioportfolio.com)
  • Anatomy Images Normal Adult Thyroid weighs 20-25g Components Two Lateral lobes Isthmus centrally connects the lobes Near structures Recurrent laryngeal nerve s IV. (tripdatabase.com)
Dissection7
  • Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) has been introduced to verify RLN function integrity and may be a helpful adjunct in nerve dissection. (ovid.com)
  • The technology of IONM is safe and reliable, and this technique is an important adjunct in nerve dissection and functional neural integrity. (ovid.com)
  • Sixty samples were collected as block dissection of thyroid gland along with the surrounding structures containing the supplying vessels and adjacent nerves from 48 male and 12 female cadavers of different age groups and fixed in 10% formol - saline solution . (bvsalud.org)
  • Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma has a predilection for frequent metastasis to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) lymph node on both sides comparing with esophageal adenocarcinoma ( 2 ), which is a vital yet difficult lymph node dissection point ( 3 ). (amegroups.com)
  • The pros and cons to real-time nerve monitoring during recurrent laryngeal nerve dissection: an analysis of the data. (amegroups.com)
  • Correctly performed, intraoperative monitoring of nerves can guide the surgeon through dissection. (spine-health.com)
  • Aortic dissection More commonly affects the right recurrent laryngeal nerve as the most common type of aortic dissection is type A (Figure 2). (wikipedia.org)
Pharyngeal4
  • The recurrent laryngeal nerves are the nerves of the sixth pharyngeal arch. (wikipedia.org)
  • The somatic motor fibers that innervate the laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles are located in the nucleus ambiguus and emerge from the medulla in the cranial root of the accessory nerve. (wikipedia.org)
  • The external laryngeal nerve gives branches to pharyngeal plexus and the superior portion of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor, and communicates with the superior cardiac nerve behind the common carotid artery. (wikipedia.org)
  • The branches of the inferior thyroid artery are the inferior laryngeal, the oesophageal, the tracheal, the ascending cervical and the pharyngeal arteries. (wikipedia.org)
Surgical8
  • Surgical management of the compromised recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid cancer. (nih.gov)
  • Surgical management of thyroid cancer requires careful consideration of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and its impact on glottic function. (nih.gov)
  • Preoperative clinical evaluation including preoperative laryngoscopy and assessment of recurrent laryngeal nerve risk is essential to formulating a surgical plan and providing appropriate patient counseling. (nih.gov)
  • RESULTS: During the surgical procedures, we monitored a nerve signal in all 12 patients. (uzh.ch)
  • All patients were followed up for three months to observe adverse reactions, including surgical site infection, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, parathyroid crisis, hematomas and hoarseness. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Although seemingly rare, cardiothoracic surgeons must consider variations of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve during surgical procedures in the region of the ligamentum arteriosum in order to minimize potential postoperative complications. (utmb.edu)
  • This study evaluated the potential for continuous RLN monitoring by monitoring the most proximal portion of the exposed RLN in the surgical field in 208 nerves at risk. (amegroups.com)
  • Mass General's Voice Center Research Laboratories are designed to develop novel technologies, biomaterials, devices, and surgical tools for advancing the diagnosis, management and treatment of laryngeal diseases and pathologies that affect voice. (massgeneral.org)
Neck6
  • The vagus nerves, from which the recurrent laryngeal nerves branch, exit the skull at the jugular foramen and travel within the carotid sheath alongside the carotid arteries through the neck. (wikipedia.org)
  • In humans, this adds a few superfluous inches, but in giraffes, the nerve must travel the entire length of the neck, before turning around and coming back to where it almost started! (infosnacks.com)
  • It is referred to as "recurrent" because the branches of the nerve innervate the laryngeal muscles in the neck through a rather circuitous route: they descend down into the thorax before rising up between the trachea and esophagus to reach the neck. (wikia.org)
  • Similar problems may also be due to invasion of the nerve by a tumor or after trauma to the neck. (wikia.org)
  • Over the course of evolution, as the neck extended and the heart became lower in the body, the laryngeal nerve was caught on the wrong side of the heart. (eternalvigilance.me)
  • No mass was demonstrated along the course of the vagus, or recurrent laryngeal nerve, in the neck, or in the superior mediastinum. (biomedcentral.com)
RLNs2
  • RLNs were explored at anticipated crossing point of the nerves and the arteries. (hindawi.com)
  • The identified RLNs were followed towards their laryngeal entry points. (hindawi.com)
Complications1
  • Neurological injuries to the cervical plexus, brachial plexus, vagus, phrenic and recurrent laryngeal nerves are recognized complications of central venous line insertion. (biomedcentral.com)
Laryngoscopy4
  • Nerve damage can be assessed by laryngoscopy, during which a stroboscopic light confirms the absence of movement in the affected side of the vocal cords. (blogspot.com)
  • Clinical diagnosis of voice pathologies is performed by analyzing audio, color, shape, and vibration patterns of the laryngeal recordings which are taken with medical imaging devices such as video-laryngostroboscope, direct laryngoscopy, and high-speed videoendoscopes. (bioportfolio.com)
  • Introduction: Injury to cranial nerves IX, X, and XII is a known complication of laryngoscopy and intubation. (ac.ir)
  • Once suspected, performing a laryngoscopy is the first step in identifying damage to the left recurrent laryngeal nerve. (wikipedia.org)
Abstract2
  • abstract = "Two cases of a right non-recurrent laryngeal nerve were encountered during the performance of 992 thyroid operations. (elsevier.com)
  • abstract = "Variation in the course of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve is seemingly very rare. (utmb.edu)
Hypoglossal2
  • OBJECTIVE: We are reporting a case of Tapia's syndrome, a rare iatrogenic complication during intubation involving the hypoglossal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve. (neurology.org)
  • Hypoglossal and recurrent laryngeal nerve function was completely recovered after 5 and 7 months, respectively, and no complication was remained. (ac.ir)
Parathyroid1
  • This appears to be the first display of the rhinoceros recurrent laryngeal nerve in situ, and the parathyroid glands are the largest yet identified in the rhinoceros. (paperity.org)
Cervical2
  • The Anatomic Approach, Hoppenfeld and de Boer wrote that the recurrent laryngeal nerve is the most important structure at risk during the [anterior cervical] approach. (enttoday.org)
  • The right recurrent laryngeal nerve, identified and photographed in situ for the first time in the rhinoceros, was deep to the inferior thyroid artery and was traced throughout its cervical course. (paperity.org)
IONM10
  • As a risk minimization tool, intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) has been introduced to verify RLN function integrity intraoperatively. (springer.com)
  • These rates did not differ much from those reported for visual nerve identification without the use of IONM. (springer.com)
  • Six studies with more than 100 nerves at risk (NAR) each evaluated RLNPR by contrasting IONM with visual nerve identification only. (springer.com)
  • Apart from navigating the surgeon through challenging anatomies, IONM may lend itself as a routine adjunct to the gold standard of visual nerve identification. (springer.com)
  • IONM permits nerve identification using an electrode, where, in order to measure the nerve response, the electric field is converted to an acoustic signal. (nih.gov)
  • Results from this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that there is currently no conclusive evidence for the superiority or inferiority of IONM over visual nerve identification only on any of the outcomes measured. (nih.gov)
  • Considering various nerve injury mechanism, we suggest that using both I-ONM and C-IONM together is more effective method in preventing nerve damage than using I-IONM alone. (kjhno.org)
  • Intra Operative Nerve Monitoring ( IONM) is rapidly becoming a standard of care in many institutions across the country. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Complete functionality of the IONM depends on near total laryngeal relaxation and reflex suppression without the use of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs). (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Where the IONM signal is absent or abnormal, 30-45% of the patients will develop vocal cord dysfunction postoperatively The successful deployment and data analysis from the IONM depends upon the complete laryngeal relaxation and reflex suppression. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Loops around the aorta1
  • As the recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around the aorta or subclavian artery, it gives off several cardiac filaments to the deep part of the cardiac plexus. (blogspot.com)
Hoarseness1
  • Due to compression of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, it can cause the hoarseness of the voice, which can also be a sign of mitral stenosis. (wikipedia.org)
Esophageal5
  • it supplies cardiac, tracheal, and esophageal branches and terminates as the inferior laryngeal nerve. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) lymph node metastasis used to be shown a predictor for poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Laryngeal and esophageal trauma. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The anterior and posterior gastric nerves are then formed from the esophageal plexus. (medscape.com)
  • The left ILN has usual recurrent course in the trachea-esophageal groove. (hindawi.com)
Phrenic2
  • It descends on the left side of the aortic arch, which separates it from the left pleura, and travels behind the phrenic nerve. (medscape.com)
  • Activities of phrenic (Phr) and recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLN) were recorded in response to the alpha 2 agonists clonidine (0.5-3.0 microgram.kg-1 i.v.) or guanabenz (7.0-20.0 micrograms.kg-1 i.v.) in ten chloralose-anesthetized goats. (mcw.edu)
Cranial nerves1
  • The remainder of the cranial nerves and neurologic exam was unremarkable. (neurology.org)
Electrode2
  • Intraoperative, noninvasive RLN identification and monitoring was performed unilaterally (n = 8) or bilaterally (n = 4) using a handheld stimulator and a laryngeal surface electrode. (uzh.ch)
  • Methods: Sixteen Norwegian Landrace pigs were anesthetized and intubated with a tracheal tube with a stick-on laryngeal electrode. (uib.no)
Thorax1
  • It's often used as an example of biological evolution's lack of foresight: the nerve originally served the gills of our fish ancestors, but - over many years - as the aorta retracted into the thorax, the nerve was dragged along with it. (infosnacks.com)
Nonrecurrent Inferior Laryn1
  • A left nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve is even more uncommon, requiring the aortic arch be on the right side, accompanied by an arterial variant which prevents the nerve from being drawn into the chest by the left subclavian. (wikipedia.org)
Inferior laryngeal nerves1
  • Why does adduction instead of abduction of the vocal cords follow section of the inferior laryngeal nerves? (jamanetwork.com)
Branches9
  • In this study, in majority of the cases the recurrent laryngeal nerves were found in their usual location that is posterior to the terminal branches of inferior thyroid artery on the left side and anterior to that artery on the right side. (bvsalud.org)
  • It was important to note that, on both sides recurrent laryngeal nerves were also frequently found to pass in between the terminal branches of inferior thyroid artery . (bvsalud.org)
  • The aortic arch has been cut across and turned somewhat to the left to expose branches of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve. (stanford.edu)
  • The anterior superior alveolar nerves, branches of the infraorbital nerve (from CN V2), run in canals in the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus and innervate the upper incisors, canines, premolars, and often part of the first molar. (tabers.com)
  • The inferior alveolar nerve (from CN V3) runs in the mandibular canal, giving off branches to the lower teeth and gingivae as it passes. (tabers.com)
  • Recurrentlaryngeal nerve (RLN) is related to ITA at lower pole of thyroid and RLN may lie either posterior, anterior orintermingled with terminal branches of ITA. (who.int)
  • The superior laryngeal nerve consists of two branches: the internal laryngeal nerve (sensory), which supplies sensory fibers to the laryngeal mucosa, and the external laryngeal nerve (motor), which innervates the cricothyroid muscle. (wikipedia.org)
  • The superior laryngeal nerve descends, by the side of the pharynx, behind the internal carotid artery, and divides into two branches -the external laryngeal nerve and the internal laryngeal nerve. (wikipedia.org)
  • Below the vocal folds it is by way of branches of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. (wikipedia.org)
Mask airway1
  • This trial determines the feasibility of Laryngeal Mask Airway Gastro (Laryngeal Mask Airway) when used on patients who are undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for pa. (bioportfolio.com)
Transection1
  • Electromyographic and histologic evolution of the recurrent laryngeal nerve from transection and anastomosis to mature reinnervation. (semanticscholar.org)
Superior laryngeal9
  • The nerve of the fourth arch gives rise to the superior laryngeal nerve. (wikipedia.org)
  • In about four people out of five, there is a connecting branch between the inferior laryngeal nerve, a branch of the RLN, and the internal laryngeal nerve, a branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. (wikipedia.org)
  • The nerve splits into anterior and posterior rami before supplying muscles in the voice box - it supplies all laryngeal muscles except for the cricothyroid , which is innervated by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve . (wikia.org)
  • Injury to the recurrent and/or superior laryngeal nerve. (royalmarsden.nhs.uk)
  • The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve travels close to the vessels feeding the thyroid gland. (royalmarsden.nhs.uk)
  • The cricothyroid muscles are innervated by the superior laryngeal nerve. (wikipedia.org)
  • By comparison with the recurrent laryngeal nerves, the superior laryngeal nerve takes a more direct route on the way to the cricothyroid muscles. (wikipedia.org)
  • Damage to the superior laryngeal nerve leaves the vocal cord abducted and poses an aspiration risk. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is accompanied by the recurrent nerve , and supplies the muscles and mucous membrane of this part, anastomosing with the branch from the opposite side, and with the superior laryngeal branch of the superior thyroid artery . (wikipedia.org)
Passes3
  • In its abnormal non-recurrent course the nerve passes transversely from under the carotid sheat hand takes a position which is at right-angles to the normal recurrent laryngeal nerve. (elsevier.com)
  • We hypothesize that this rare variation may occur, if the left recurrent laryngeal nerve passes inferior to the fifth rather than the sixth aortic arch during embryological development. (utmb.edu)
  • [1] The recurrent laryngeal nerve passes upward generally behind, but occasionally in front of, the inferior thyroid artery. (wikipedia.org)
Anatomical7
  • Background/objectives: A nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve is a rare anatomical variant and a routine preoperative imaging studies are not indicated. (alliedacademies.org)
  • A nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve(NRLN) is a rare anatomical variant and a routine preoperative imaging studies are not indicated. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Berry's ligament and the inferior thyroid artery as reliable anatomical landmarks for the recurrent laryngeal nerve. (tripdatabase.com)
  • Direct trauma from needle cannulation, in view of the close anatomical relationship of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve with the left subclavian vessels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Anatomical and embryological variations of the inferior laryngeal nerve (ILN), of the thyroid gland itself and unusual relations between ILN and the gland threaten operation security are discussed. (hindawi.com)
  • The coincidence of non-recurrent ILN pointed by a ZT is rare anatomical and embryological feature of this case. (hindawi.com)
  • The anatomical course of the nerve also increases its susceptibility to injury and many variations have been documented in the literature. (elsevier.com)
Muscles4
  • The posterior cricoarytenoid muscles, the only muscles that can open the vocal folds, are innervated by this nerve. (wikipedia.org)
  • The posterior auricular nerve is a motor branch of the facial nerve (CN VII) that innervates the posterior and intrinsic auricular muscles. (tabers.com)
  • All intrinsic laryngeal muscles except the cricothyroids are innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, there is no discernible effect on the timing of neural impulses to the muscles these two nerves serve. (wikipedia.org)
Tracheal1
  • However the laryngo tracheal reflexes need to be adequately suppressed to permit proper utilization of intra operative nerve monitoring. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Innervates1
  • Sometimes there is a middle superior alveolar nerve that innervates the premolars and first molar. (tabers.com)
Posterior3
  • Recurrent laryngeal nerve - Nerve: Recurrent laryngeal nerve POSTERIOR VIEW: The tracheobronchial lymph glands (I. and E. Recurrent nerves visible at top. (enacademic.com)
  • The posterior superior alveolar nerves (also from CN V2) innervate the rest of the upper molars. (tabers.com)
  • They employed epidural measurement of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in response to stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve. (spine-health.com)
Esophagus4
  • After branching, the nerves typically ascend in a groove at the junction of the trachea and esophagus. (wikipedia.org)
  • In one patient with lower esophagus carcinoma, a nerve signal could be detected only on one side. (uzh.ch)
  • Does recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node metastasis really affect the prognosis in node-positive patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the middle thoracic esophagus? (biomedcentral.com)
  • Among these patients, 26 patients with R1 (microscopic residual disease) or R2 (macroscopic residual disease) resections, 48 patients receiving preoperative therapy (chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy), 8 patients with histories of gastric cancer, 5 patients with synchronous cancers (gastric cancer or laryngeal cancer) and 4 patients with non-squamous cell carcinoma of the middle thoracic esophagus were excluded. (biomedcentral.com)
Endoscopic1
  • Inducible laryngeal obstruction: Endoscopic quantitative analysis of glottic aperture. (bioportfolio.com)
Thyroid cancer4
  • Improvement in phonation after reconstruction of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in patients with thyroid cancer invading the nerve. (nih.gov)
  • Direct anastomosis, free nerve grafting, or anastomosis to the ansa cervicalis or the vagus nerves with the RLN were performed in 7, 14, 65, and 2 patients with thyroid cancer invading the RLN, respectively. (nih.gov)
  • The role of ansa-to-recurrent-laryngeal nerve anastomosis in operations for thyroid cancer. (springer.com)
  • Miyauchi A, Yokozawa T, Kobayashi K, Hirai K, Matsuzuka F, Kuma K. Opposite ansa cervicalis to recurrent laryngeal nerve anastomosis to restore phonation in patients with advanced thyroid cancer. (springer.com)
Arteries3
  • The arteries of the fourth arch, which project between the nerves of the fourth and sixth arches, become the left-sided arch of the aorta and the right subclavian artery. (wikipedia.org)
  • During growth, these arteries descend into their ultimate positions in the chest, creating the elongated recurrent paths. (wikipedia.org)
  • The inferior thyroid arteries and the recurrent laryngeal nerves were identified with usual lateral approach. (hindawi.com)
Injuries2
  • A previous study suggests that NPCs in the ependymal layer can be activated and induced to migrate to the site of damage following peripheral nerve injuries [11] . (plos.org)
  • Laryngeal nerve injuries were classified into type 1 injury (segmental) and 2 (diffuse). (elsevier.com)
Aortic3
  • The right and left nerves are not symmetrical, with the left nerve looping under the aortic arch, and the right nerve looping under the right subclavian artery then traveling upwards. (wikipedia.org)
  • The recurrent laryngeal nerves branch off the vagus, the left at the aortic arch, and the right at the right subclavian artery. (wikipedia.org)
  • When considering cardiovocal syndrome, the most common historical cause is a dilated left atrium due to mitral stenosis, but other causes, including pulmonary hypertension, thoracic aortic aneurysms, an enlarged pulmonary artery and aberrant subclavian artery syndrome have been reported compressing the nerve. (wikipedia.org)
Head and neck cancer: managing complications of surgery | The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust
Head and neck cancer: managing complications of surgery | The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust (royalmarsden.nhs.uk)
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Tag: long-necked giraffe | Evolution News
Tag: long-necked giraffe | Evolution News (evolutionnews.org)
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Summary Flashcards by Alison Young | Brainscape
Summary Flashcards by Alison Young | Brainscape (brainscape.com)
Direct Innervation of the Larynx Demanded by Intelligent Design Critics Does Exist | Evolution News
Direct Innervation of the Larynx Demanded by Intelligent Design Critics Does Exist | Evolution News (evolutionnews.org)
Neck: prevertebral muscles & viscera Flashcards by Jacqui Joseph | Brainscape
Neck: prevertebral muscles & viscera Flashcards by Jacqui Joseph | Brainscape (brainscape.com)