Radiation Oncology
Health Physics
Radiation Injuries
Radiobiology
Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted
Brachytherapy
Radiation Dosage
Neoplasms
Radiation, Ionizing
Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted
Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
Radiotherapy, Conformal
Oncology Nursing
Radiation Tolerance
Radiotherapy, Image-Guided
Radiotherapy, High-Energy
Dose Fractionation
Radiology Department, Hospital
Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated
Combined Modality Therapy
Radiation
Quality Assurance, Health Care
Radiation Monitoring
Radiosurgery
Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
Oncology Service, Hospital
Accreditation
Positron-Emission Tomography
Treatment Outcome
Neoplasm Staging
Forecasting
Head and Neck Neoplasms
Brain Neoplasms
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Cosmic Radiation
Retrospective Studies
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
Radiation Injuries, Experimental
Radiation Pneumonitis
Prognosis
Physician's Practice Patterns
Survival Rate
Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced
Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT): a new promising technology in radiation oncology. (1/250)
Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is a new technology in radiation oncology that delivers radiation more precisely to the tumor while relatively sparing the surrounding normal tissues. It also introduces new concepts of inverse planning and computer-controlled radiation deposition and normal tissue avoidance in contrast to the conventional trial-and-error approach. IMRT has wide application in most aspects of radiation oncology because of its ability to create multiple targets and multiple avoidance structures, to treat different targets simultaneously to different doses as well as to weight targets and avoidance structures according to their importance. By delivering radiation with greater precision, IMRT has been shown to minimize acute treatment-related morbidity, making dose escalation feasible which may ultimately improve local tumor control. IMRT has also introduced a new accelerated fractionation scheme known as SMART (simultaneous modulated accelerated radiation therapy) boost. By shortening the overall treatment time, SMART boost has the potential of improving tumor control in addition to offering patient convenience and cost savings. (+info)Communication between primary care physicians and radiation oncologists regarding patients with cancer treated with palliative radiotherapy. (2/250)
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the satisfaction and information needs of primary care physicians (PCPs) regarding communication with radiation oncologists (ROs), with respect to patients who receive palliative radiotherapy (RT). A selected objective was to evaluate the agreement between PCPs' expectations and the content of the RO letter sent after completion of RT. PCPs' knowledge of the role of palliative RT and their awareness of available patient support services were also determined. METHODS: The PCPs of patients discharged from the Cross Cancer Institute after receiving palliative RT were surveyed using a mail-out questionnaire. Questions regarding communication, RT knowledge, and awareness of support services were asked. The corresponding RO letter was reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 148 PCPs were identified and were mailed questionnaires, with 114 (77%) responding. Overall, 80% (87 of 109) of PCPs found the RO letter to be useful in patient management. However, there was poor (< 53%) agreement between PCPs' expectations and the actual content of the RO letter. Knowledge of the indications and effectiveness of palliative RT was limited, with PCPs obtaining a median score of 4 of a possible 8. Only 27% (31 of 114) of PCPs were aware of all five of the patient support services listed. CONCLUSION: Results show that although the majority of PCPs found the RO letter useful, they believed that the letter lacked important information while containing unnecessary details. Communication between PCPs and ROs needs improvement, especially considering that PCPs seem to have limited knowledge of palliative RT. (+info)Waiting lists for radiation therapy: a case study. (3/250)
BACKGROUND: Why waiting lists arise and how to address them remains unclear, and an improved understanding of these waiting list "dynamics" could lead to better management. The purpose of this study is to understand how the current shortage in radiation therapy in Ontario developed; the implications of prolonged waits; who is held accountable for managing such delays; and short, intermediate, and long-term solutions. METHODS: A case study of the radiation therapy shortage in 1998-99 at Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Relevant documents were collected; semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with ten administrators, health care workers, and patients were conducted, audio-taped and transcribed; and relevant meetings were observed. RESULTS: The radiation therapy shortage arose from a complex interplay of factors including: rising cancer incidence rates; broadening indications for radiation therapy; human resources management issues; government funding decisions; and responsiveness to previous planning recommendations. Implications of delays include poorer cancer control rates; patient suffering; and strained doctor-patient relationships. An incompatible relationship exists between moral responsibility, borne by government, and legal liability, borne by physicians. Short-term solutions include re-referral to centers with available resources; long-term solutions include training and recruiting health care workers, improving workload standards, increasing compensation, and making changes to the funding formula. CONCLUSION: Human resource planning plays a critical role in the causes and solutions of waiting lists. Waiting lists have harsh implications for patients. Accountability relationships require realignment. (+info)Assessing portal design skills in the radiation oncology interactive case management examination. (4/250)
The American Board of Radiology is developing a computerized interactive case management examination to be used to evaluate the clinical skills of radiation oncologists. In the past, these skills have been evaluated by a pencil and paper written examination and an oral examination. With the increasing capabilities of computers, these skills can be easily, and perhaps even better, evaluated digitally. The aim is to develop an examination, which will be based on actual clinical cases, and be interactive so that it better mimics the clinical practice of a radiation oncologist than a written examination. It will also be less labor-intensive and less expensive than an oral examination. One of the most important skills of a radiation oncologist is the ability to design treatment portals that will encompass the entire cancer and yet minimize the irradiation of critical tissues and normal organs. Important parameters for radiation oncologists include the direction of the treatment beam, the size and shape of the portals, and the location of the margins of the field relative to patient anatomy and tumor location. In order to evaluate a physician's ability to design treatment portals, the computer-based examination has the capability to interactively construct field lines. The computer interface allows the candidate to draw field lines on a digitized x-ray image in a manner similar to practice. After the candidate illustrates the field lines, the evaluation of the response must be performed quickly to avoid interrupting the flow of the examination. The answer key is stored as a lossless compressed image. The key contains three regions consisting of (1) the must include region, which contains the tumor; (2) the must-exclude region, which contains tissues that if damaged would affect patient vitality and quality of life; and (3) the envelope of acceptable curves. Each region is assigned a unique byte code. The candidate's response is assigned a fourth byte code. Using basic logic operations, the response is swiftly evaluated. The scoring algorithm scores a candidate's action as correct if his/her drawn area encompasses all of the "must-include region" and is within the "envelope of acceptable curves." It scores a candidate's action as incorrect if his/her drawn area overlaps any part of the "exclude region" and/or exceeds at any point the "envelope of acceptable curves." (+info)Variation in delivery of palliative radiotherapy to persons dying of cancer in nova scotia, 1994 to 1998. (5/250)
PURPOSE: To examine sociodemographic and clinical variables associated with provision of palliative radiotherapy (RT) to persons dying of cancer. METHODS: The Nova Scotia Cancer Registry was used to identify 9,978 adults who were dying of cancer between 1994 and 1998 in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. RT records from between April 1992 and December 1998 were obtained from the provincial treatment database. Multivariate analysis identified factors associated with two sequential decisions determining provision of palliative RT in the last 9 months of life: likelihood of receiving an RT consultation with a radiation oncologist and, given a consultation, likelihood of being treated with palliative RT. RESULTS: The likelihood of having a consultation decreased with age (20 to 59 years v. 80+ years: odds ratio [OR], 4.43 [95% confidence interval, 3.80 to 5.15]), increased with community median household income (> $50,000 v. < $20,000: OR, 1.31 [1.02 to 1.70]), was higher for residents closer to the cancer center (< 25 km v 200+ km: OR, 2.47 [2.16 to 2.83]), increased between 1994 and 1998 (OR, 1.34 [1.16 to 1.56]), varied by cause of death (relative to thoracic cancers, head and neck: OR, 1.75 [1.31 to 2.33]; gynecologic: OR, 0.35 [0.27 to 0.44]), and was greater for those who had prior RT (OR, 2.20 [1.89 to 2.56]). Similar associations were observed when outcome was the provision of palliative RT given a consult, with one notable exception: prior RT was associated with a lower likelihood of receiving palliative RT (OR, 0.48 [0.40 to 0.58]). CONCLUSION: Variations observed in delivery of palliative RT should prompt further investigation into equity of access to clinically appropriate, palliative radiation consultation and treatment. (+info)Cancer physicians' attitudes toward colorectal cancer follow-up. (6/250)
BACKGROUND: The optimal follow-up strategy for colorectal cancer is unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We surveyed all Canadian radiation oncologists, medical oncologists and surgeons specializing in colorectal cancer to assess their recommendations for follow-up after potentially curative treatment, the beliefs and attitudes underlying these practices, and the cost implications of different follow-up strategies. RESULTS: One hundred and sixty practitioners (58%) returned completed surveys. Most recommended clinical assessments every 3-4 months in the first 2 years including carcino-embryonic antigen testing, gradually decreasing in frequency over 5 years. Ninety per cent recommend a surveillance colonoscopy in the first year. The majority felt that specialist involvement in follow-up was important because of the increased opportunities for patients to contribute to research (76%) and teaching (73%). About half felt that specialists were more efficient at providing follow-up than primary care physicians, but these same physicians recommended significantly longer and more expensive follow-up routines on average than others. Primary care physicians were felt to be important allies, especially in managing the psychosocial concerns of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Surveillance practices are generally in keeping with published recommendations. Most specialists feel that they should remain involved in follow-up, but this may result in increased resource utilization. (+info)A survey of intensity-modulated radiation therapy use in the United States. (7/250)
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to assess the current level of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) use in the United States. METHODS: Three-hundred thirty-three randomly selected radiation oncologists were sent a 13-question survey regarding IMRT use. IMRT users were asked about the number of patients and sites treated, their reasons for adopting IMRT, and future plans for its use. Physicians who did not use IMRT were asked about their reasons for not using IMRT; whether they intended to adopt it in the future; and, if so, their reasons. RESULTS: One-hundred sixty-eight responses (50.5%) were received. Fifty-four respondents (32.1%) stated that they currently used IMRT. Most IMRT users (79.6%) had adopted IMRT since 2000. Academic physicians were more likely to use IMRT (P = 0.003) compared with private practitioners. The percent of physicians using IMRT in practices comprised of 1 physician, 2-4 physicians, or > 4 physicians were 15.4%, 28.4%, and 44.2%, respectively (P = 0.02). The most common sites treated were head and neck malignancies and genitourinary tumors. Of the 114 IMRT nonusers, 96.5% planned to use IMRT in the future, with 91.8% planning to use IMRT within 3 years. Among IMRT nonusers, the most common reason cited for not using IMRT was lack of necessary equipment. The most common reasons for adopting IMRT (users) or wanting to adopt IMRT (nonusers) were to improve delivery of conventional doses and to escalate dose. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately one-third of radiation oncologists in the United States use IMRT. However, this number appears to be growing rapidly. Efforts to ensure the safe and appropriate application of this new technology are warranted. (+info)Effect of education level on outcome of patients treated on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Protocol 90-03. (8/250)
BACKGROUND: It has been hypothesized that people in lower socioeconomic groups have worse outcomes because they present with advanced-stage cancers or receive inadequate treatment. The authors investigated this hypothesis by using education level as a proxy for socioeconomic status in patients treated on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) Protocol 90-03. METHODS: RTOG 90-03 was a Phase III randomized trial investigating four different radiation fractionation schedules in the treatment of locally advanced head and neck carcinomas. Overall survival and locoregional control rates were analyzed by education level as measured by patient response on the demographic form at study entry. RESULTS: A significant difference was observed in the distribution of patients by education level between the standard fractionated radiation treatment arm and the hyperfractionated radiation treatment arm. More patients in the standard fractionated treatment arm had a higher education level (P = 0.018). Patients attending college had highly and significantly better overall survival and locoregional control than the other groups combined (P = 0.0056 and P = 0.025, respectively: from Cox proportional hazards models stratified by assigned treatment with educational level, T classification, N classification, Karnofsky performance status, primary site, and race). Multivariate analysis revealed that education level was significant for predicting both overall survival and locoregional control when comparing attended college/technical school compared with all other education levels. CONCLUSIONS: Patients attending college or technical school had improved overall survival and locoregional control. These differences cannot be explained by differences in tumor stage or treatment. Poorer overall health or lack of support systems contributing to these results needs to be investigated further. (+info)There are several types of radiation injuries, including:
1. Acute radiation syndrome (ARS): This occurs when a person is exposed to a high dose of ionizing radiation over a short period of time. Symptoms can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, and damage to the bone marrow, lungs, and gastrointestinal system.
2. Chronic radiation syndrome: This occurs when a person is exposed to low levels of ionizing radiation over a longer period of time. Symptoms can include fatigue, skin changes, and an increased risk of cancer.
3. Radiation burns: These are similar to thermal burns, but are caused by the heat generated by ionizing radiation. They can cause skin damage, blistering, and scarring.
4. Ocular radiation injury: This occurs when the eyes are exposed to high levels of ionizing radiation, leading to damage to the retina and other parts of the eye.
5. Radiation-induced cancer: Exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation can increase the risk of developing cancer, particularly leukemia and other types of cancer that affect the bone marrow.
Radiation injuries are diagnosed based on a combination of physical examination, medical imaging (such as X-rays or CT scans), and laboratory tests. Treatment depends on the type and severity of the injury, but may include supportive care, medication, and radiation therapy to prevent further damage.
Preventing radiation injuries is important, especially in situations where exposure to ionizing radiation is unavoidable, such as in medical imaging or nuclear accidents. This can be achieved through the use of protective shielding, personal protective equipment, and strict safety protocols.
Neoplasm refers to an abnormal growth of cells that can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Neoplasms can occur in any part of the body and can affect various organs and tissues. The term "neoplasm" is often used interchangeably with "tumor," but while all tumors are neoplasms, not all neoplasms are tumors.
Types of Neoplasms
There are many different types of neoplasms, including:
1. Carcinomas: These are malignant tumors that arise in the epithelial cells lining organs and glands. Examples include breast cancer, lung cancer, and colon cancer.
2. Sarcomas: These are malignant tumors that arise in connective tissue, such as bone, cartilage, and fat. Examples include osteosarcoma (bone cancer) and soft tissue sarcoma.
3. Lymphomas: These are cancers of the immune system, specifically affecting the lymph nodes and other lymphoid tissues. Examples include Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
4. Leukemias: These are cancers of the blood and bone marrow that affect the white blood cells. Examples include acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
5. Melanomas: These are malignant tumors that arise in the pigment-producing cells called melanocytes. Examples include skin melanoma and eye melanoma.
Causes and Risk Factors of Neoplasms
The exact causes of neoplasms are not fully understood, but there are several known risk factors that can increase the likelihood of developing a neoplasm. These include:
1. Genetic predisposition: Some people may be born with genetic mutations that increase their risk of developing certain types of neoplasms.
2. Environmental factors: Exposure to certain environmental toxins, such as radiation and certain chemicals, can increase the risk of developing a neoplasm.
3. Infection: Some neoplasms are caused by viruses or bacteria. For example, human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common cause of cervical cancer.
4. Lifestyle factors: Factors such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and a poor diet can increase the risk of developing certain types of neoplasms.
5. Family history: A person's risk of developing a neoplasm may be higher if they have a family history of the condition.
Signs and Symptoms of Neoplasms
The signs and symptoms of neoplasms can vary depending on the type of cancer and where it is located in the body. Some common signs and symptoms include:
1. Unusual lumps or swelling
2. Pain
3. Fatigue
4. Weight loss
5. Change in bowel or bladder habits
6. Unexplained bleeding
7. Coughing up blood
8. Hoarseness or a persistent cough
9. Changes in appetite or digestion
10. Skin changes, such as a new mole or a change in the size or color of an existing mole.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Neoplasms
The diagnosis of a neoplasm usually involves a combination of physical examination, imaging tests (such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans), and biopsy. A biopsy involves removing a small sample of tissue from the suspected tumor and examining it under a microscope for cancer cells.
The treatment of neoplasms depends on the type, size, location, and stage of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. Some common treatments include:
1. Surgery: Removing the tumor and surrounding tissue can be an effective way to treat many types of cancer.
2. Chemotherapy: Using drugs to kill cancer cells can be effective for some types of cancer, especially if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
3. Radiation therapy: Using high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells can be effective for some types of cancer, especially if the cancer is located in a specific area of the body.
4. Immunotherapy: Boosting the body's immune system to fight cancer can be an effective treatment for some types of cancer.
5. Targeted therapy: Using drugs or other substances to target specific molecules on cancer cells can be an effective treatment for some types of cancer.
Prevention of Neoplasms
While it is not always possible to prevent neoplasms, there are several steps that can reduce the risk of developing cancer. These include:
1. Avoiding exposure to known carcinogens (such as tobacco smoke and radiation)
2. Maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle
3. Getting regular exercise
4. Not smoking or using tobacco products
5. Limiting alcohol consumption
6. Getting vaccinated against certain viruses that are associated with cancer (such as human papillomavirus, or HPV)
7. Participating in screening programs for early detection of cancer (such as mammograms for breast cancer and colonoscopies for colon cancer)
8. Avoiding excessive exposure to sunlight and using protective measures such as sunscreen and hats to prevent skin cancer.
It's important to note that not all cancers can be prevented, and some may be caused by factors that are not yet understood or cannot be controlled. However, by taking these steps, individuals can reduce their risk of developing cancer and improve their overall health and well-being.
Some common types of head and neck neoplasms include:
1. Oral cavity cancer: Cancer that develops in the mouth, tongue, lips, or floor of the mouth.
2. Oropharyngeal cancer: Cancer that develops in the throat, including the base of the tongue, soft palate, and tonsils.
3. Hypopharyngeal cancer: Cancer that develops in the lower part of the throat, near the esophagus.
4. Laryngeal cancer: Cancer that develops in the voice box (larynx).
5. Paranasal sinus cancer: Cancer that develops in the air-filled cavities around the eyes and nose.
6. Salivary gland cancer: Cancer that develops in the salivary glands, which produce saliva to moisten food and keep the mouth lubricated.
7. Thyroid gland cancer: Cancer that develops in the butterfly-shaped gland in the neck that regulates metabolism and growth.
The risk factors for developing head and neck neoplasms include tobacco use, heavy alcohol consumption, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, poor diet, and exposure to environmental carcinogens such as asbestos or radiation. Symptoms of head and neck neoplasms can vary depending on the location and size of the tumor, but may include a lump or swelling, pain, difficulty swallowing, bleeding, and changes in voice or breathing.
Diagnosis of head and neck neoplasms typically involves a combination of physical examination, imaging tests such as CT scans or MRI, and biopsy to confirm the presence of cancer cells. Treatment options can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, depending on the type, location, and stage of the cancer.
Overall, head and neck neoplasms can have a significant impact on quality of life, and early detection and treatment are important for improving outcomes. If you suspect any changes in your head or neck, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Brain neoplasms can arise from various types of cells in the brain, including glial cells (such as astrocytes and oligodendrocytes), neurons, and vascular tissues. The symptoms of brain neoplasms vary depending on their size, location, and type, but may include headaches, seizures, weakness or numbness in the limbs, and changes in personality or cognitive function.
There are several different types of brain neoplasms, including:
1. Meningiomas: These are benign tumors that arise from the meninges, the thin layers of tissue that cover the brain and spinal cord.
2. Gliomas: These are malignant tumors that arise from glial cells in the brain. The most common type of glioma is a glioblastoma, which is aggressive and hard to treat.
3. Pineal parenchymal tumors: These are rare tumors that arise in the pineal gland, a small endocrine gland in the brain.
4. Craniopharyngiomas: These are benign tumors that arise from the epithelial cells of the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus.
5. Medulloblastomas: These are malignant tumors that arise in the cerebellum, specifically in the medulla oblongata. They are most common in children.
6. Acoustic neurinomas: These are benign tumors that arise on the nerve that connects the inner ear to the brain.
7. Oligodendrogliomas: These are malignant tumors that arise from oligodendrocytes, the cells that produce the fatty substance called myelin that insulates nerve fibers.
8. Lymphomas: These are cancers of the immune system that can arise in the brain and spinal cord. The most common type of lymphoma in the CNS is primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma, which is usually a type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
9. Metastatic tumors: These are tumors that have spread to the brain from another part of the body. The most common types of metastatic tumors in the CNS are breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma.
These are just a few examples of the many types of brain and spinal cord tumors that can occur. Each type of tumor has its own unique characteristics, such as its location, size, growth rate, and biological behavior. These factors can help doctors determine the best course of treatment for each patient.
There are different types of Breast Neoplasms such as:
1. Fibroadenomas: These are benign tumors that are made up of glandular and fibrous tissues. They are usually small and round, with a smooth surface, and can be moved easily under the skin.
2. Cysts: These are fluid-filled sacs that can develop in both breast tissue and milk ducts. They are usually benign and can disappear on their own or be drained surgically.
3. Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS): This is a precancerous condition where abnormal cells grow inside the milk ducts. If left untreated, it can progress to invasive breast cancer.
4. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC): This is the most common type of breast cancer and starts in the milk ducts but grows out of them and invades surrounding tissue.
5. Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC): It originates in the milk-producing glands (lobules) and grows out of them, invading nearby tissue.
Breast Neoplasms can cause various symptoms such as a lump or thickening in the breast or underarm area, skin changes like redness or dimpling, change in size or shape of one or both breasts, discharge from the nipple, and changes in the texture or color of the skin.
Treatment options for Breast Neoplasms may include surgery such as lumpectomy, mastectomy, or breast-conserving surgery, radiation therapy which uses high-energy beams to kill cancer cells, chemotherapy using drugs to kill cancer cells, targeted therapy which uses drugs or other substances to identify and attack cancer cells while minimizing harm to normal cells, hormone therapy, immunotherapy, and clinical trials.
It is important to note that not all Breast Neoplasms are cancerous; some are benign (non-cancerous) tumors that do not spread or grow.
This definition of 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local' is from the Healthcare Professionals edition of the Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary, copyright © 2007 by Merriam-Webster, Inc.
Experimental radiation injuries are those that are intentionally caused in animal models or human subjects for research purposes, with the goal of understanding the effects of ionizing radiation on living organisms and developing treatments to mitigate these effects.
The study of experimental radiation injuries involves exposing animals or human subjects to varying levels of ionizing radiation and observing the resulting damage and recovery processes. This research has led to a better understanding of the mechanisms of radiation injury and the development of treatment strategies, such as blood transfusions and antioxidants, to mitigate the effects of radiation exposure.
Experimental radiation injuries are classified into two main types: acute and late-onset injuries. Acute radiation syndrome (ARS), also known as radiation sickness or radiation poisoning, occurs within hours to days after exposure and is characterized by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, and damage to the bone marrow, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. Late-onset injuries, such as cancer and other chronic effects, can occur months or years after exposure and are caused by DNA damage and epigenetic changes.
Prevention of experimental radiation injuries is essential in reducing the risk of radiation exposure to humans and the environment. This includes using personal protective equipment, minimizing the use of ionizing radiation in medical procedures and research, and developing new technologies that reduce radiation exposure.
In summary, experimental radiation injuries are intentionally caused in animal models or human subjects for research purposes to understand the effects of ionizing radiation on living organisms and develop treatments to mitigate these effects. The study of experimental radiation injuries has led to a better understanding of the mechanisms of radiation injury and the development of treatment strategies, but prevention is essential in reducing the risk of radiation exposure.
There are two types of radiation pneumonitis:
1. Acute Radiation Pneumonitis: This type occurs within a few weeks after exposure to radiation and is usually reversible.
2. Chronic Radiation Pneumonitis: This type can develop months or years after exposure and is often irreversible.
The diagnosis of radiation pneumonitis is based on a combination of clinical symptoms, radiologic findings, and lung function tests. Treatment options for radiation pneumonitis include supportive care, such as oxygen therapy and pain management, and medications to reduce inflammation. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required.
Prevention is the best approach to managing radiation pneumonitis. This includes minimizing exposure to radiation during cancer treatment and taking steps to protect oneself during a nuclear accident.
Malignant prostatic neoplasms are cancerous tumors that can be aggressive and spread to other parts of the body (metastasize). The most common type of malignant prostatic neoplasm is adenocarcinoma of the prostate, which accounts for approximately 95% of all prostate cancers. Other types of malignant prostatic neoplasms include sarcomas and small cell carcinomas.
Prostatic neoplasms can be diagnosed through a variety of tests such as digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, imaging studies (ultrasound, CT scan or MRI), and biopsy. Treatment options for prostatic neoplasms depend on the type, stage, and grade of the tumor, as well as the patient's age and overall health. Treatment options can include active surveillance, surgery (robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy or open prostatectomy), radiation therapy (external beam radiation therapy or brachytherapy), and hormone therapy.
In summary, Prostatic Neoplasms are tumors that occur in the prostate gland, which can be benign or malignant. The most common types of malignant prostatic neoplasms are adenocarcinoma of the prostate, and other types include sarcomas and small cell carcinomas. Diagnosis is done through a variety of tests, and treatment options depend on the type, stage, and grade of the tumor, as well as the patient's age and overall health.
Example sentences:
1. The patient developed a radiation-induced neoplasm in their chest after undergoing radiation therapy for breast cancer.
2. The risk of radiation-induced neoplasms increases with higher doses of radiation exposure, making it crucial to minimize exposure during medical procedures.
3. The oncologist monitored the patient's health closely after their radiation therapy to detect any signs of radiation-induced neoplasms.
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Radiotherapy4
- BackgroundTo compare the efficacy and safety of postoperative extensive target volume irradiation with elevated radiation dose and concurrent chemotherapy with radiotherapy only for the postoperative treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsThis trial was a single-arm phase II. (deepdyve.com)
- Radiation oncology services include external beam radiation oncology, RapidArc® radiotherapy technology, prone breast radiation therapy, brachytherapy for prostate cancer, and more. (communitycare.com)
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany. (bvsalud.org)
- The records of eligible patients using surgery, chemotherapy, registered during a 2-month period A data col ection form (Annex 1) was radiotherapy, hormone thera- of each year, starting from 2008 and designed to reconstruct the trajecto- py, and targeted therapy at the ending in 2017, were scanned for in- ry of patients in the health-care sys- two oncology centres and any formation. (who.int)
Residents in Radiation Oncology3
- The Association of Residents in Radiation Oncology exists to improve the quality of education for resident physicians in radiation oncology. (astro.org)
- WASHINGTON, DC, USA, October 11, 2022 / EINPresswire.com / -- TeamBest Global Companies (TBG) currently sponsor 10 ACRO BEST Awards to 10 Residents in Radiation Oncology annually. (einpresswire.com)
- Since TBG already offers 10 such ACRO BEST Awards annually to Residents in Radiation Oncology, this is to request that the ACRO Board of Directors consider inviting and selecting 5 Residents each from Medical and Surgical Oncology and offer them, along with 10 Residents from Radiation Oncology, free registrations to the selected recipients of the ACRO BEST Awards-again, annually. (einpresswire.com)
Oncologist1
- Douglas, a radiation oncologist, earned a bachelor's degree in history from Brown University in 1983 and received a medical degree from Bowman Gray School of Medicine in 1989. (ufl.edu)
Centre5
- Icon Group radiation oncology centre with cutting-edge technology to be built at Epworth Geelong. (epworth.org.au)
- It will be the first private radiation oncology centre in the region, and is set to open at the Waurn Ponds hospital early next year. (epworth.org.au)
- Icon are delighted to be on track for a late 2019 completion of our radiation oncology centre at the Epworth Geelong Hospital," Mr Middleton said. (epworth.org.au)
- 2000 treated cases of breast can- graphic characteristics of pa- at the oncology centre, and the cer in the study. (who.int)
- initiation of treatment (treatment at a hospital or clinic other than the tion of diagnosis who did not receive delay), as well as their determi- oncology centre. (who.int)
20191
- Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain)) 2019 7 31 (12): e1-e13. (cdc.gov)
Department4
- The Radiation Oncology Department at Inova Joseph Viar Jr. and Bonnie Christ Cancer Center - Alexandria offers a comprehensive cancer treatment program that is fully accredited. (inova.org)
- This fund was established in 2011 by Douglas A. and Deborah A. Fein to support the Amdur/Mendenhall Lectureship in the Department of Radiation Oncology at the University of Florida College of Medicine. (ufl.edu)
- Reshma Jagsi is joining Emory School of Medicine as chair of the Department of Radiation Oncology, effective Nov. 7. (emory.edu)
- The Department of Radiation Oncology has broad collaborations across the Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center and Vanderbilt University as a whole. (vumc.org)
Specialty2
- RO-ILS: Radiation Oncology Incident Learning System is the only medical specialty society-sponsored radiation oncology incident learning system. (astro.org)
- Safety is No Accident: A Framework for Quality Radiation Oncology and Care, reflects the many efforts undertaken by radiation oncology specialty societies to improve quality and safety. (astro.org)
Physicians3
- Our expert physicians are joined by a full staff of dedicated medical physicists, a certified medical dosimetrist and oncology certified registered nurses. (inova.org)
- The radiation oncologists of Community Care Physicians are considered among the country's leading radiation oncology experts. (communitycare.com)
- Community Care Physicians' radiation oncology team is committed to promoting patient well-being with advanced treatments that maintain quality of life while preserving normal organ function. (communitycare.com)
Tumors3
- We offer patients a state-of-the-art radiation treatment center that uses dynamic tracking technologies to target and deliver measured doses of focused radiation, destroying tumors and cancer cells without harming surrounding tissue. (communitycare.com)
- For very small tumors, surgery alone is typically used, instead of radiation and chemotherapy. (medlineplus.gov)
- Additionally, we compared the effects of sex, age first irradiated, and radiation fractionation on neutron irradiated mice versus cobalt 60 gamma irradiated mice and found that solid tumors were the most common cause of death in neutron irradiated mice, while lymphomas were the dominant cause of death in gamma irradiated mice. (cdc.gov)
20171
- Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer who were registered at the two oncology centres be- tween 2008 and 2017 were included in the retrospective study. (who.int)
Therapy8
- APEx: Accreditation Program for Excellence was created to support quality improvement in radiation therapy practices. (astro.org)
- The center is equipped with some of the most state-of-the-art, technologically advanced radiation therapy equipment available today. (inova.org)
- The course will explore the state-of-the-art of radiation therapy in the major tumour sites: breast, oesophagus and stomach, rectum, prostate, head and neck, lung, CNS and gynaecological malignancies. (estro.org)
- Image Guided Radiation Therapy offers patients a safe, effective and convenient way to treat cancer. (communitycare.com)
- The Icon Group facility will offer a range of radiation therapy techniques, including advanced stereotactic radiation therapy. (epworth.org.au)
- In most cases, anal cancer that hasn't spread can be treated with radiation therapy and chemotherapy together. (medlineplus.gov)
- You may have side effects from surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy. (medlineplus.gov)
- Surgery, systemic therapy, and radiation are the main treatment options for NSCLC. (medscape.com)
Advances1
- ASTRO is accepting applications for the Editor-in-Chief for Advances in Radiation Oncology . (astro.org)
Search1
- Report on search for human radiation experiment records, 1944-1994 (volume 1). (cdc.gov)
Nurse navigator1
- For more information or to ask a question about our cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment services, please call Oncology Nurse Navigator at (518) 213-0308. (communitycare.com)
Treatments2
- Our certified radiation therapists perform the daily radiation treatments and simulations. (inova.org)
- Our experienced and compassionate radiation oncologists provide the most advanced radiation treatments, which are always focused on our patient's goals. (legacyhealth.org)
Clinical2
- We combine our experience with the latest technologies and best practices of the academic, clinical and research communities to deliver the highest level of radiation oncology available for cancer care. (communitycare.com)
- The oral exam of the Radiation Oncology board certification exams is comprised of two (2) clinical and one (1) physics case presentations in which the candidate describes his/her approach to managing a case presented by an examiner. (abpsus.org)
Practices2
- The Coding Resource is an essential coding reference for all radiation oncology practices. (astro.org)
- You can also contact our radiation oncology practices directly. (communitycare.com)
Medical5
- Children who undergo radiation treatment receive their care at the Comprehensive Cancer Center on the Legacy Good Samaritan Medical Center campus. (legacyhealth.org)
- Legacy Medical Group-Radiation Oncology is part of Legacy Cancer Institute , ranked as one of the nation's best cancer programs. (legacyhealth.org)
- The ABPS's radiation oncology board certification exams enable successful candidates to present themselves to the public as qualified medical specialists in radiation oncology. (abpsus.org)
- Completing the radiation oncology board certification exams indicates mastery of radiation oncology experience and knowledge, as well as a professional commitment to adhere to the ABPS Medical Code of Ethics. (abpsus.org)
- Nearly 20 years ago, Dr. Suthanthiran approached ASTRO to sponsor 50 such awards to Radiation Oncology Residents and 25 each to Medical and Surgical Oncology Residents to be selected by ASTRO annually. (einpresswire.com)
Center1
- Adventist Health's Radiation Oncology Center can be accessed most easily through the Pavilion entrance or through the hospital. (adventisthealth.org)
Ionizing1
- 1998. Food preservation using ionizing radiation. (cdc.gov)
Chemotherapy3
- However, patients who have more advanced disease (stage IIC, III, IV) have a high risk of systemic relapse if treated with surgery and radiation alone, and the standard treatment for these patients is combination chemotherapy. (medscape.com)
- The combination of radiation and chemotherapy achieves better tumor control than the use of radiation alone. (medlineplus.gov)
- If cancer remains after the radiation and chemotherapy, surgery is often required. (medlineplus.gov)
Doses1
- It works to limit radiation doses to surrounding healthy tissue. (epworth.org.au)
Research1
- Prof Guy Storme talks to e cancer about radiation oncology research at the European Forum on Oncology in Berlin, May 2012. (ecancer.org)
Tumour1
- It can therefore be hypothesised that some of these patients would benefit from an intensified local treatment, such as radiation dose escalation of the primary tumour. (deepdyve.com)
Healthy tissue1
- This increased precision allows higher levels of radiation to be safely administered, while minimizing the radiation dose to surrounding areas with healthy tissue, ultimately leading to higher cure rates. (communitycare.com)
University1
- He completed his residency in radiation oncology at the University of Florida College of Medicine from 1990 to 1993, where he was elected chief resident in 1992. (ufl.edu)
Treatment1
- Go to Oncology Decision Point for expert commentary on NSCLC treatment decisions and related guidelines. (medscape.com)
Target1
- the two largest publicly funded re- study the impact of geographical vari- · to document the stage at diagno- gional oncology centres in Morocco: ations in the target populations. (who.int)
Forum1
- The Society of Chairs of Academic Radiation Oncology Programs' mission is to provide a forum for the chairs of academic radiation oncology programs to discuss issues of common interest. (astro.org)
Education1
- The Association for Directors of Radiation Oncology Program's mission is to advance the quality of residency training and education in radiation oncology. (astro.org)