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TetrahydrocortisolPurine NucleotidesPyrimidinesNucleotidesUridine TriphosphateRibosomal Protein S6 KinasesOrotate PhosphoribosyltransferaseUracil NucleotidesDihydroorotasePyrimidine NucleosidesUridine MonophosphateReality TherapyPyrimidine DimersOrotidine-5'-Phosphate DecarboxylaseCarbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing)Uridine KinaseUridineCytidine TriphosphateUracilDihydroorotate OxidaseCytidineCytosine NucleotidesUridine DiphosphateRibonucleotides3-DeazauridinePentosyltransferasesNucleotide Transport Proteins5'-NucleotidaseMolecular Sequence DataPhosphonoacetic AcidPhosphoribosyl PyrophosphatePurinesDeoxycytidine MonophosphateOrganomercury CompoundsAmylopectinGuanine NucleotidesKineticsEscherichia coliortho-AminobenzoatesBase SequenceNucleosidesOxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group DonorsNucleotidasesSubstrate SpecificityReceptors, Purinergic P2Amino Acid SequenceDNAEndpoint DeterminationNucleic Acid ConformationGuanosine TriphosphatePhosphotransferasesAmyloid NeuropathiesAdenine NucleotidesPolymorphism, Single NucleotideDeoxyribonuclease (Pyrimidine Dimer)ThymidinePyrimidine PhosphorylasesUltraviolet RaysModels, MolecularStructure-Activity RelationshipRNABinding SitesCell LineCatalytic DomainCloning, MolecularDeoxyribodipyrimidine Photo-LyaseDNA Repair
TetrahydrocortisolPurine Nucleotides: Purines attached to a RIBOSE and a phosphate that can polymerize to form DNA and RNA.Pyrimidines: A family of 6-membered heterocyclic compounds occurring in nature in a wide variety of forms. They include several nucleic acid constituents (CYTOSINE; THYMINE; and URACIL) and form the basic structure of the barbiturates.Nucleotides: The monomeric units from which DNA or RNA polymers are constructed. They consist of a purine or pyrimidine base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)Uridine Triphosphate: Uridine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A uracil nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases: A family of protein serine/threonine kinases which act as intracellular signalling intermediates. Ribosomal protein S6 kinases are activated through phosphorylation in response to a variety of HORMONES and INTERCELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS. Phosphorylation of RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 by enzymes in this class results in increased expression of 5' top MRNAs. Although specific for RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 members of this class of kinases can act on a number of substrates within the cell. The immunosuppressant SIROLIMUS inhibits the activation of ribosomal protein S6 kinases.Orotate Phosphoribosyltransferase: The enzyme catalyzing the formation of orotidine-5'-phosphoric acid (orotidylic acid) from orotic acid and 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate in the course of pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. EC 2.4.2.10.Uracil NucleotidesDihydroorotase: An enzyme that, in the course of pyrimidine biosynthesis, catalyzes ring closure by removal of water from N-carbamoylaspartate to yield dihydro-orotic acid. EC 3.5.2.3.Pyrimidine Nucleosides: Pyrimidines with a RIBOSE attached that can be phosphorylated to PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOTIDES.Uridine Monophosphate: 5'-Uridylic acid. A uracil nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2', 3' or 5' position.Reality Therapy: Method of psychotherapeutic treatment based on assumption of patients' personal responsibility for their own behavior. The therapist actively guides patients to accurate self-perception for fulfillment of needs of self-worth and respect for others. (From APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed.)Pyrimidine Dimers: Dimers found in DNA chains damaged by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They consist of two adjacent PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOTIDES, usually THYMINE nucleotides, in which the pyrimidine residues are covalently joined by a cyclobutane ring. These dimers block DNA REPLICATION.Orotidine-5'-Phosphate Decarboxylase: Orotidine-5'-phosphate carboxy-lyase. Catalyzes the decarboxylation of orotidylic acid to yield uridylic acid in the final step of the pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis pathway. EC 4.1.1.23.Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing): An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of carbamoyl phosphate from ATP, carbon dioxide, and glutamine. This enzyme is important in the de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines. EC 6.3.5.5.Uridine Kinase: An enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation of uridine and cytidine to uridine 5'-phosphate and cytidine 5'-phosphate, respectively. ATP, dUTP, dGTP, and dATP are effective phosphate donors. EC 2.7.1.48.UridineCytidine Triphosphate: Cytidine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A cytosine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.UracilDihydroorotate Oxidase: An enzyme that in the course of pyrimidine biosynthesis, catalyzes the oxidation of dihydro-orotic acid to orotic acid utilizing oxygen as the electron acceptor. This enzyme is a flavoprotein which contains both FLAVIN-ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE and FLAVIN MONONUCLEOTIDE as well as iron-sulfur centers. EC 1.3.3.1.Cytidine: A pyrimidine nucleoside that is composed of the base CYTOSINE linked to the five-carbon sugar D-RIBOSE.Cytosine NucleotidesUridine Diphosphate: A uracil nucleotide containing a pyrophosphate group esterified to C5 of the sugar moiety.Ribonucleotides: Nucleotides in which the purine or pyrimidine base is combined with ribose. (Dorland, 28th ed)3-Deazauridine: 4-Hydroxy-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-2-pyridinone. Analog of uridine lacking a ring-nitrogen in the 3-position. Functions as an antineoplastic agent.Pentosyltransferases: Enzymes of the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of a pentose group from one compound to another.Nucleotide Transport Proteins: Proteins involved in the transport of NUCLEOTIDES across cellular membranes.5'-Nucleotidase: A glycoprotein enzyme present in various organs and in many cells. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of a 5'-ribonucleotide to a ribonucleoside and orthophosphate in the presence of water. It is cation-dependent and exists in a membrane-bound and soluble form. EC 3.1.3.5.Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Phosphonoacetic Acid: A simple organophosphorus compound that inhibits DNA polymerase, especially in viruses and is used as an antiviral agent.Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate: The key substance in the biosynthesis of histidine, tryptophan, and purine and pyrimidine nucleotides.Purines: A series of heterocyclic compounds that are variously substituted in nature and are known also as purine bases. They include ADENINE and GUANINE, constituents of nucleic acids, as well as many alkaloids such as CAFFEINE and THEOPHYLLINE. Uric acid is the metabolic end product of purine metabolism.Deoxycytidine Monophosphate: Deoxycytidine (dihydrogen phosphate). A deoxycytosine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the deoxyribose moiety in the 2'-,3'- or 5- positions.Organomercury Compounds: Organic compounds which contain mercury as an integral part of the molecule.Amylopectin: A highly branched glucan in starch.Guanine NucleotidesKinetics: The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.Escherichia coli: A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.ortho-Aminobenzoates: Benzoic acids, salts, or esters that contain an amino group attached to carbon number 2 or 6 of the benzene ring structure.Base Sequence: The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.Nucleosides: Purine or pyrimidine bases attached to a ribose or deoxyribose. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors: A subclass of enzymes which includes all dehydrogenases acting on carbon-carbon bonds. This enzyme group includes all the enzymes that introduce double bonds into substrates by direct dehydrogenation of carbon-carbon single bonds.Nucleotidases: A class of enzymes that catalyze the conversion of a nucleotide and water to a nucleoside and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.-.Substrate Specificity: A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.Receptors, Purinergic P2: A class of cell surface receptors for PURINES that prefer ATP or ADP over ADENOSINE. P2 purinergic receptors are widespread in the periphery and in the central and peripheral nervous system.Amino Acid Sequence: The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.DNA: A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).Endpoint Determination: Establishment of the level of a quantifiable effect indicative of a biologic process. The evaluation is frequently to detect the degree of toxic or therapeutic effect.Nucleic Acid Conformation: The spatial arrangement of the atoms of a nucleic acid or polynucleotide that results in its characteristic 3-dimensional shape.Guanosine Triphosphate: Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.Phosphotransferases: A rather large group of enzymes comprising not only those transferring phosphate but also diphosphate, nucleotidyl residues, and others. These have also been subdivided according to the acceptor group. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.7.Amyloid Neuropathies: Disorders of the peripheral nervous system associated with the deposition of AMYLOID in nerve tissue. Familial, primary (nonfamilial), and secondary forms have been described. Some familial subtypes demonstrate an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Clinical manifestations include sensory loss, mild weakness, autonomic dysfunction, and CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1349)Adenine NucleotidesPolymorphism, Single Nucleotide: A single nucleotide variation in a genetic sequence that occurs at appreciable frequency in the population.Deoxyribonuclease (Pyrimidine Dimer): An enzyme which catalyzes an endonucleolytic cleavage near PYRIMIDINE DIMERS to produce a 5'-phosphate product. The enzyme acts on the damaged DNA strand, from the 5' side of the damaged site.ThymidinePyrimidine Phosphorylases: Pentosyltransferases that catalyze the reaction between a pyrimidine nucleoside and orthophosphate to form a free pyrimidine and ribose-5-phosphate.Ultraviolet Rays: That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum immediately below the visible range and extending into the x-ray frequencies. The longer wavelengths (near-UV or biotic or vital rays) are necessary for the endogenous synthesis of vitamin D and are also called antirachitic rays; the shorter, ionizing wavelengths (far-UV or abiotic or extravital rays) are viricidal, bactericidal, mutagenic, and carcinogenic and are used as disinfectants.Models, Molecular: Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.Structure-Activity Relationship: The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.RNA: A polynucleotide consisting essentially of chains with a repeating backbone of phosphate and ribose units to which nitrogenous bases are attached. RNA is unique among biological macromolecules in that it can encode genetic information, serve as an abundant structural component of cells, and also possesses catalytic activity. (Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)Binding Sites: The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.Cell Line: Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.Catalytic Domain: The region of an enzyme that interacts with its substrate to cause the enzymatic reaction.Cloning, Molecular: The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.Deoxyribodipyrimidine Photo-Lyase: An enzyme that catalyzes the reactivation by light of UV-irradiated DNA. It breaks two carbon-carbon bonds in PYRIMIDINE DIMERS in DNA.DNA Repair: The reconstruction of a continuous two-stranded DNA molecule without mismatch from a molecule which contained damaged regions. The major repair mechanisms are excision repair, in which defective regions in one strand are excised and resynthesized using the complementary base pairing information in the intact strand; photoreactivation repair, in which the lethal and mutagenic effects of ultraviolet light are eliminated; and post-replication repair, in which the primary lesions are not repaired, but the gaps in one daughter duplex are filled in by incorporation of portions of the other (undamaged) daughter duplex. Excision repair and post-replication repair are sometimes referred to as "dark repair" because they do not require light.

Synthesis and characterization of stacked and quenched uridine nucleotide fluorophores. (1/218)

Intramolecular aromatic interactions in aqueous solution often lead to stacked conformation for model organic molecules. This designing principle was used to develop stacked and folded uridine nucleotide analogs that showed highly quenched fluoroscence in aqueous solution by attaching the fluorophore 1-aminonaphthalene-5-sulfonate (AmNS) to the terminal phosphate via a phosphoramidate bond. Severalfold enhancement of fluorescence could be observed by destacking the molecules in organic solvents, such as isopropanol and dimethylsulfoxide or by enzymatic cleavage of the pyrophosphate bond. Stacking and destacking were confirmed by 1-H NMR spectroscopy. The extent of quenching of the uridine derivatives correlated very well with the extent of stacking. Taking 5-H as the monitor, temperature-variable NMR studies demonstrated the presence of a rapid interconversionary equilibrium between the stacked and open forms for uridine-5'-diphosphoro-beta-1-(5-sulfonic acid) naphthylamidate (UDPAmNS) in aqueous solution. DeltaH was calculated to be -2.3 Kcal/mol, with 43-50% of the population in stacked conformation. Fluorescence lifetime for UDPAmNS in water was determined to be 2.5 ns as against 11 ns in dimethyl sulfoxide or 15 ns for the pyrophosphate adduct of AmNS in water. Such a greatly reduced lifetime for UDPAmNS in water suggests collisional interaction between the pyrimidine and thefluorophore moieties to be responsible for quenching. The potential usefulness of such stacked and quenched nucleotide fluorophores as probes for protein-ligand interaction studies has been briefly discussed.  (+info)

Histidine 179 mutants of GTP cyclohydrolase I catalyze the formation of 2-amino-5-formylamino-6-ribofuranosylamino-4(3H)-pyrimidinone triphosphate. (2/218)

GTP cyclohydrolase I catalyzes the conversion of GTP to dihydroneopterin triphosphate. The replacement of histidine 179 by other amino acids affords mutant enzymes that do not catalyze the formation of dihydroneopterin triphosphate. However, some of these mutant proteins catalyze the conversion of GTP to 2-amino-5-formylamino-6-ribofuranosylamino-4(3H)-pyrimidinone 5'-triphosphate as shown by multinuclear NMR analysis. The equilibrium constant for the reversible conversion of GTP to the ring-opened derivative is approximately 0.1. The wild-type enzyme converts the formylamino pyrimidine derivative to dihydroneopterin triphosphate; the rate is similar to that observed with GTP as substrate. The data support the conclusion that the formylamino pyrimidine derivative is an intermediate in the overall reaction catalyzed by GTP cyclohydrolase I.  (+info)

Nucleotide sequence of an RNA polymerase binding site from the DNA of bacteriophage fd. (3/218)

The primary structure of a strong RNA polymerase binding site in the replicative form DNA of phage fd has been determined by direct DNA sequencing. It is: (see article). The molecule contains regions with 2-fold symmetry and sequence homologies to promoter regions from other DNAs. The startpoint of transcription is located in the center of the binding site.  (+info)

A search for base analogs to enhance third-strand binding to 'inverted' target base pairs of triplexes in the pyrimidine/parallel motif. (4/218)

Eight base analogs were tested as third strand residues in otherwise homopyrimidine strands opposite each of the 'direct' (A.T and G.C) and 'inverted' (T.A and C.G) Watson-Crick base pairs, using UV melting profiles to assess triplex stability. The target duplexes contained 20 A.T base pairs and a central test base pair X.Y, while the third strand contained 20 T residues and a central Z test base. Z included 5-bromo-uracil, 5-propynyluracil, 5-propynylcytosine, 5-methyl-cytosine, 5-bromocytosine, hypoxanthine, 2-amino-purine and 2,6-diaminopurine. Some of the base analogs enhanced third strand binding to the target duplex with one or other 'inverted' central base pair relative to the binding afforded by any of the canonical bases. Other analogs did the same for the duplexes with the 'direct' target pairs. The increasing order of triplex stabilization by these base analogs is: opposite the 'inverted' base pairs, for T.A, A < C < 5-pC < 5-pU < T < 5-BrC < 5-meC < 5-BrU < 2-AP < 2,6-DAP < Hy < G, for C.G, 2-AP < A < Hy < G < 5-pC < 5-BrC < 5-meC < C < 2,6-DAP < T < 5-BrU < 5-pU; opposite the 'direct' base pairs, for A.T, 2-AP < A < 5-meC < C < G < Hy < 2,6-DAP < 5-pU < T = 5-BrU < 5-BrC < 5-pC, for G.C, G < 2,6-DAP < 2-AP < A < Hy < T < 5-BrU < 5-pU < 5-pC < 5-BrC < C < 5-meC.  (+info)

Growth factor-regulated expression of enzymes involved in nucleotide biosynthesis: a novel mechanism of growth factor action. (5/218)

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is a potent and specific mitogen for epithelial cells, including the keratinocytes of the skin. We investigated the mechanisms of action of KGF by searching for genes which are regulated by this growth factor in cultured human keratinocytes. Using the differential display RT-PCR technology we identified the gene encoding adenylosuccinate lyase [EC 4.3.2.2] as a novel KGF-regulated gene. Adenylosuccinate lyase plays an important role in purine de novo synthesis. To gain further insight into the potential role of nucleotide biosynthesis in the mitogenic effect of KGF, we cloned cDNA fragments of the key regulatory enzymes involved in purine and pyrimidine metabolism (adenylosuccinate synthetase [EC 6.3.4.4], phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase [EC 2.7.6.1], amidophosphoribosyl transferase [EC 2.4.2.14], hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase [EC 2.4.2.8] and the multifunctional protein CAD which includes the enzymatic activities of carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase II [EC 6.3.5.59], aspartate transcarbamylase [EC 2.1.3.2] and dihydroorotase [EC 3.5.2.3]). Expression of all of these enzymes was upregulated after treatment with KGF and also with epidermal growth factor (EGF), indicating that these mitogens stimulate nucleotide production by induction of these enzymes. To determine a possible in vivo correlation between the expression of KGF, EGF and the enzymes mentioned above, we analysed the expression of the enzymes during cutaneous wound repair, where high levels of these mitogens are present. Indeed, we found a strong mRNA expression of all of these enzymes in the EGF- and KGF-responsive keratinocytes of the hyperproliferative epithelium at the wound edge, indicating that their expression might also be regulated by growth factors during wound healing.  (+info)

In vitro recycling of alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate for the salvage of purine bases. (6/218)

In this paper, we extend our previous observation on the mobilization of the ribose moiety from a purine nucleoside to a pyrimidine base, with subsequent pyrimidine nucleotides formation (Cappiello et al., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1425 (1998) 273-281). The data show that, at least in vitro, also the reverse process is possible. In rat brain extracts, the activated ribose, stemming from uridine as ribose 1-phosphate, can be used to salvage adenine and hypoxanthine to their respective nucleotides. Since the salvage of purine bases is a 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate-dependent process, catalyzed by adenine phosphoribosyltransferase and hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, our results imply that Rib-1P must be transformed into 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate, via the successive action of phosphopentomutase and 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate synthetase; and,in fact, no adenosine could be found as an intermediate when rat brain extracts were incubated with adenine, Rib-1P and ATP, showing that adenine salvage does not imply adenine ribosylation, followed by adenosine phosphorylation. Taken together with our previous results on the Rib-1P-dependent salvage of pyrimidine nucleotides, our results give a clear picture of the in vitro Rib-1P recycling, for both purine and pyrimidine salvage.  (+info)

Aliphatic analogues of nucleotides: synthesis and affinity towards nucleases. (7/218)

DL-1-(2,3-Dihydroxypropyl)thymine was prepared by Hilbert-Johnson reaction of 2,4-dinethoxy-5-methylpyrimidine with allyl bromide followed by the osmium tetroxide catalyzed hydroxylation of the l-allyl-4-methoxy-5-methylpyrimidin-2-one obtained as an intermediate. The D-glycero enantiomer, R-1-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)thymine and the corresponding 1-substituted uracil derivative were prepared from 3-O-p-toluenesulfonyl-1, 2-O-isopropylidene-D-glycerine and sodium salt of 4-methoxy-5-methylpyrimidin-2-one or 4-methoxypyrimidin-2-one followed by treatment with hydrogen chloride in ethanol. The phosphorylation of the above 2,3-dihydroxypropyl derivatives with phosphoryl chloride in triethyl phosphate afforded the corresponding 3-phosphates which were transformed into the 2',3'-cyclic phosphates by the condensation with N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. The latter compounds of the D-glycero configuration are split by some microbial RNases to the 3-phosphates.  (+info)

Cleavage of the glycosidic linkage of pyrimidine ribonucleosides by the bisulfite-oxygen system. (8/218)

When a solution containing 2 mM uridine, 20 mM sodium bisulfite, 0.1 mM MnCl(2), and 100 mM sodium phosphate buffer of pH 7.0 was incubated aerobically at 37 degrees or 0 degrees , partial cleavage of the glycosidic linkage of uridine took place. About 20% of the uridine was converted to uracil by the incubation for 4 hrs. Cytosine was produced from cytidine by similar treatment with bisulfite. These reactions were caused by free radicals generated by Mn(2+)-catalyzed autoxidation of bisulfite. Glycosidic bond cleavage by the bisulfite-oxygen system was not detected for adenosine, AMP, guanosine, GMP, thymidine, TMP, deoxyuridine, dCMP, dAMP, and dGMP. When poly(U) and poly(C) were treated with 20 mM sodium bisulfite in the same manner, chain fission of the polymer occurred as judged by the elution-pattern change in gel filtration through Sephadex columns. No change in the elution pattern was observed for bisulfite-treated poly(A), poly(U). poly(A) or tRNA.  (+info)

Pyrimidine nucleotide carrier 1 in mitochondrial homeostasis and cancerPyrimidine nucleotide carrier 1 in mitochondrial homeostasis and cancer
Abnormal metabolism has been a known feature of cancer for close to a decade, with mitochondrial dysfunction, aerobic glycolysis, and abnormal biosynthetic metabolism present in many cancers. Dysfunctional mitochondria alone have been shown to significantly influence cancer phenotype. Mitochondrial reprogramming has been demonstrated as an essential cancer cell survival response to diverse challenges. Our work has examined the significance of pyrimidine nucleotide carrier 1 (PNC1), an Insulin like Growth Factor 1 (IGF- 1)-inducible mitochondrial Uridine-5-triphosphate (UTP) transporter in cancer. Loss of PNC1 is lethal, while suppression of PNC1 in cancer cells has been demonstrated to induce Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) driven by mitochondrial dysfunction and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). While PNC1 is ubiquitously expressed, PNC1 is frequently expressed at lower levels in solid tumours than in normal tissue. PNC1 can be suppressed by hypoxia, potentially through antagonism of ...
Salvage Pathway Of Purine Nucleotide BiosynthesisSalvage Pathway Of Purine Nucleotide Biosynthesis
This chapter discusses the de novo pathway of pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. Animals do not have a dietary requirement for pyrimidines, and many microorgan
pyrimidine metabolism pptpyrimidine metabolism ppt
Pyrimidine biosynthesis begins with the assembly of the ring, then linked To ribose phosphate. Tag Archives: Pyrimidine Biosynthesis PPT. Pyrimidines are synthesized from carbamoyl phosphate and aspartate. Nucleotide & nucleoside construction , purine nucleotide de novo synthesis process , pyrimidine … Sources of the Various Atoms of the Purine Base 2. Mechanism and regulation of metabolism of Purines and Pyrimidines.pptx Regulation of Metabolism of Purines and Pyrimidines.pptx Content uploaded by Najat Abdulrazzaq Hasan Pathways for the biosynthesis of nucleotides. NUCLEOTIDE METABOLISM IN PLANTS. Contributors; Figure 7.10.1: De Novo Synthesis of Pyrimidine Nucleotides ATCase is regulated by three compounds. Cytosine is found in both DNA and RNA. Precursors are Glutamine (NH2), Bicarbonate (C) , and ATP (PO 4). Q. Purine and pyrimidine nucleotides are produced from ribose-5-phosphate or carbamyl phosphate, respectively. Unlike the low solubility of uric acid formed by catabolism of purines, ...
Download E-books METHODS IN CELL BIOLOGY,VOLUME 8, Volume 8 PDF - Singapore Press BooksDownload E-books METHODS IN CELL BIOLOGY,VOLUME 8, Volume 8 PDF - Singapore Press Books
Methods in Enzymology, Volume 51: Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotide Metabolism. The seriously acclaimed laboratory normal, tools in Enzymology, is likely one of the so much hugely revered guides within the box of biochemistry. when you consider that 1955, each one quantity has been eagerly awaited, usually consulted, and praised via researchers and reviewers alike. The sequence comprises a lot fabric nonetheless appropriate this present day - actually a necessary e-book for researchers in all fields of lifestyles sciences. ...
Preventive Effects of Polysaccharides Extracted From...Preventive Effects of Polysaccharides Extracted From...
Address all correspondence and reprint requests to: Keishirou Fujita, MD, Research Institute of Vaccine Therapy for Tumors and Infectious Diseases, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5. Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan.. ABSTRACT: Polysaccharides extracted from human tubercle bacilli (supecific substance of Maruyama [SSM]) have been clinically applied with satisfactory results. Thymidylate synthetase (TS) and thymidine kinase (TK) are key enzymes in de novo and salvage pathways for pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. Well- and moderately well differentiated adenocarcinomas induced with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) are widely distributed throughout the colorectal tract with high TK activity, and the poorly differentiated type is mainly restricted in the proximal colon and the cecum with high TS activity in rats. Subcutaneously injecting the rats with SSM reduced TS activity in colonic nontumorous regions, but in the tumorous regions it reduced TK activity compared with that of the DMH-treated rats ...
Nucleotide BiosynthesisNucleotide Biosynthesis
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-nucleotide-biosynthesis.htm Nucleotide biosynthesis is the process whereby nucleotides are created or synthesized. This process
Biofyzikální ústav AV ČRBiofyzikální ústav AV ČR
Aqueous-phase Heck coupling methodology was developed for direct attachment of butyl acrylate to 5-iodoracil, 5-iodocytosine, 7-iodo-7-deazaadenine, and 7-iodo-7-deazaguanine 2-deoxyribonncleoside 5-O-monophosphates (dNMPs). and 5-O-triphosphates (dNTPs) and compared with the classical approach of phosphorylation of the corresponding modified nucleosides. The 7-substituted 7-deazapurine nucleotides (dA(BA)MP, dA(BA)TP, dG(BA)MP, and dG(BA)TP) were prepared by the direct Heck coupling of nucleotides in good yields (35-55%), whereas the pyrimidine nucleotides reacted. poorly and the corresponding BA-Modified dNTPs were prepared by triphosphorylation of the Modified nucleosides. The. acrylate-modified dN(BA)TPs (N = A, C, and U) were good substrates for DNA polymerases and were used for enzymatic synthesis of acrylate-modified DNA by primer extension, whereas dG(BA)TP was an inhibitor of polymerases. The butyl acrylate group was found to be a useful redox label giving a strong reduction peak at ...
Indeed, the most pronounced deviations are for C and U at place t | Thrombin InhibitorsIndeed, the most pronounced deviations are for C and U at place t | Thrombin Inhibitors
Indeed, by far the most pronounced deviations are for C and U at place 3, indicating the presence of both of those pyrimidine nucleotides at Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries this place is notably deleterious, and that their exclusion is amongst the essential hallmarks of a functional translation initiation internet site. Examining the region downstream of nucleotide position five reveals that relative info values are elevated at positions six, 9, 15, and 18. As discussed previously, a 3 base periodicity is characteristic of open reading through frames. Relative data is elevated at every single of these positions, for the reason that A is depressed, and C and G are elevated. The periodic elevation of relative facts and also the corresponding weights indicate that these positions positively contribute on the translation start relative indi vidual info scores.. Indeed, if TRII scores are calculated making use of positions 20 to forty, the distribution of scores is shifted to the right, as well as ...
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Using TMC278LA - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govPre-Exposure Prophylaxis Using TMC278LA - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
While for certain diseases, the use of medications by healthy people has been proven to function as prophylaxis, i.e. malaria, it is still unknown whether PrEP can help prevent HIV infection from exposure during sex or injection-drug use.. To address whether PrEP is safe and effective for use in humans, the traditional sequence of drug development steps should be followed as closely as possible.. TMC278 (rilpivirine) is a new investigational non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) discovered and in development by Tibotec, a division of Johnson & Johnson. Data from clinical development (Phase IIB) suggest that TMC278 has a similar efficacy and better side-effect profile as compared to other, older, NNRTIs, such as efavirenz. Like TMC125 (etravirine), TMC278 is a diarylpyrimidine (DAPY - a class of molecule that resembles the pyrimidine nucleotides found in DNA, and which have shown potency in inhibiting the activity of HIV reverse transcriptase).. Tibotec is currently investigating ...
MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit | the involvement of mitochondria and their dysfunction in an ever-increasing range of human...MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit | the involvement of mitochondria and their dysfunction in an ever-increasing range of human...
Floyd S, Favre C, Lasorsa FM, Leahy M, Trigiante G, Stroebel P, Marx A, Loughran G, OCallaghan K, Marobbio CMT, Slotboom DJ, Kunji ERS, Palmieri F & OConnor R (2007) The insulin-like growth factor-I-mTOR signaling pathway induces the mitochondrial pyrimidine nucleotide carrier to promote cell growth. Mol Biol Cell 18, 3545-55 ...
Browse All : ...Browse All : ...
Browse All : Pyrimidine nucleotides by Prentice, Hazel R., Dr. and Morgan, Ward C., 1907-1997 from 1939-07-25 and 1930 - 1939 ...
Pyrimidine salvage in Giardia lamblia. | Journal of Experimental Medicine | Rockefeller University PressPyrimidine salvage in Giardia lamblia. | Journal of Experimental Medicine | Rockefeller University Press
We have found that the anaerobic protozoan parasite Giardia lamblia is incapable of de novo pyrimidine metabolism, as shown by its inability to incorporate orotate, bicarbonate, and aspartate into the pyrimidine nucleotide pool. Results from high performance liquid chromatography of pyrimidine and pyrimidine nucleoside pulse-labeled nucleotide pools and enzyme assays suggest that the parasite satisfies its pyrimidine nucleotide needs predominantly through salvage of uracil by a cytoplasmic uracil phosphoribosyltransferase. Exogenous uridine and cytidine are primarily converted to uracil by the action of uridine hydrolase and cytidine deaminase before incorporation into nucleotide pools. Direct salvage of cytosine occurs to a relatively limited extent via cytosine phosphoribosyltransferase. G. lamblia relies on salvage of exogenous thymidine for ribosylthymine monophosphate (TMP) synthesis, accomplished primarily through the action of a 100,000 g-pelletable thymidine phosphotransferase. ...
Distribution of erythrocyte nucleotides in pyrimidine 5-nucleotidase deficiency.Distribution of erythrocyte nucleotides in pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase deficiency.
In pyrimidine 5-nucleotidase deficiency, erythrocytes contain elevated levels of pyrimidine nucleotides. The composition of this nucleotide pool was examined by ion exchange chromatography on Dowex formate
PROSITEPROSITE
ALN_YEAST (P32375 ), PYR1_CAEEL (Q18990 ), PYR1_DICDI (P20054 ), PYR1_DROME (P05990 ), PYR1_HUMAN (P27708 ), PYR1_MESAU (P08955 ), PYR1_MOUSE (B2RQC6 ), PYR1_SQUAC (Q91437 ), PYRC_ACAM1 (B0CF78 ), PYRC_ACIAD (Q6FD29 ), PYRC_ACIB3 (B7GX48 ), PYRC_ACIB5 (B7I9G6 ), PYRC_ACIBC (B2HWF6 ), PYRC_ACIBS (B0VKW9 ), PYRC_ACIBT (A3M3K3 ), PYRC_ACIBY (B0VAC1 ), PYRC_ACISJ (A1WC79 ), PYRC_AGRFC (Q8UI99 ), PYRC_AGRRK (B9J8H5 ), PYRC_AGRVS (B9JQV9 ), PYRC_ALCBS (Q0VNK6 ), PYRC_ALISL (B6ER91 ), PYRC_ALKEH (Q0AB36 ), PYRC_ANAD2 (B8JAE8 ), PYRC_ANADE (Q2IIB0 ), PYRC_ANAPZ (Q2GL89 ), PYRC_ANASK (B4UDQ2 ), PYRC_ANOFW (B7GFA5 ), PYRC_AQUAE (O66990 ), PYRC_ARATH (O04904 ), PYRC_ARCFU (O28034 ), PYRC_AROAE (Q5P6Y5 ), PYRC_AZOSB (A1K3T5 ), PYRC_AZOVD (C1DQV1 ), PYRC_BACAA (C3P658 ), PYRC_BACAC (C3L738 ), PYRC_BACAH (A0RHR0 ), PYRC_BACAN (Q81WF0 ), PYRC_BACC0 (B7JJX5 ), PYRC_BACC1 (Q732I1 ), PYRC_BACC2 (B7IUP8 ), PYRC_BACC3 (C1EPQ2 ), PYRC_BACC4 (B7H6M4 ), PYRC_BACC7 (B7HLM2 ), PYRC_BACCL (P46538 ), PYRC_BACCN (A7GRL3 ), ...
Nucleoteide MetabolismNucleoteide Metabolism
The pyrimidine synthesis is a similar process than that of Purines(Purines Synthesis). In the de novo synthesis of Pyrimidines, the ring is synthesized first and then it is attached to a ribose-phosphate to for a pyrimidine nucleotide. Pyrimidine rings are assembled from bicarbonate, aspartate and Ammonia. The pyrimidine biosynthesis (de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway) was […] ...
Research Projects | iiar-anticancer.orgResearch Projects | iiar-anticancer.org
D. THE BIOCHEMICAL PATHWAYS OF PYRIMIDINE AND PURINE SYNTHESIS AS TARGETS OF COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY WITH NEW ANTICANCER AGENTS. Investigation of the possibilities of blocking simultaneously several biochemical pathways leading to the synthesis of pyrimidine and purine nucleotides. Combinations of recently developed compounds, which show remarkable activity against enzymes involved in the de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides will be used for this purpose. A series of established and primary human cancer cell lines will be used in the in vitro chemosensitivity assays for these combinations. The results are expected to identify new targeting methodologies against cancer, which may then be directly applicable in the chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer patients.. ...
Nucleotide Biosynthesis Is Critical for Growth of Bacteria in Human BloodNucleotide Biosynthesis Is Critical for Growth of Bacteria in Human Blood
Author SummaryBacterial growth in the bloodstream is a common manifestation of a number of bacterial infections. When growing in blood, bacteria not only have to evade the hosts immune response, but also adjust their metabolism to suit availability of nutrients. Although the concentrations of various metabolites in human blood are known, it is difficult to predict which nutrients are abundant and which are scarce. To proliferate in human blood, bacteria need to synthesize metabolites that are present in the limiting concentrations. For that, they need to produce specific enzymes that are, thus, critical for the bacterial growth in the bloodstream. We carried out a comprehensive, genome-wide search for Escherichia coli genes that are essential for growth in human serum. We found that inactivation of nucleotide biosynthesis genes leads to a significant growth defect in human serum not only for E. coli but also for two other pathogens, Salmonella Typhimurium and Bacillus anthracis. The results of this
Imidazo(pyrimidine)annelated pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine. the synthesis and prediction of the biological activity / I.V.Dyachenko,...Imidazo(pyrimidine)annelated pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine. the synthesis and prediction of the biological activity / I.V.Dyachenko,...
Imidazo(pyrimidine)annelated pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine. the synthesis and prediction of the biological activity / I.V.Dyachenko, R.I.Vaskevich, A.I.Vaskevich, M.V.Vovk
Biology Pictures: Nucleotide BiosynthesisBiology Pictures: Nucleotide Biosynthesis
Large collection of high quality biology pictures, photos, images, illustrations, diagrams and posters on marine biology, cell biology, microbiology... for educational purposes.. ...
2-chloro-4-(3,3-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl)pyrimidine | CAS No. 954227-28-2 | Sigma-Aldrich2-chloro-4-(3,3-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl)pyrimidine | CAS No. 954227-28-2 | Sigma-Aldrich
2-chloro-4-(3,3-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl)pyrimidine; CAS Number: 954227-28-2; find Enamine-ENA497682060 MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & more at Sigma-Aldrich
Metabolism of Purine & Pyrimidine Nucleotides | Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 30e | AccessPharmacy | McGraw-Hill MedicalMetabolism of Purine & Pyrimidine Nucleotides | Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry, 30e | AccessPharmacy | McGraw-Hill Medical
Despite a diet that may be rich in nucleoproteins, dietary purines and pyrimidines are not incorporated directly into tissue nucleic acids. Humans synthesize the nucleic acids and their derivatives ATP, NAD+, coenzyme A, etc, from amphibolic intermediates. However, injected purine or pyrimidine analogs, including potential anticancer drugs, may nevertheless be incorporated into DNA. The biosyntheses of purine and pyrimidine ribonucleotide triphosphates (NTPs) and dNTPs are precisely regulated events. Coordinated feedback mechanisms ensure their production in appropriate quantities and at times that match varying physiologic demand (eg, cell division). Human diseases that involve abnormalities in purine metabolism include gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, adenosine deaminase deficiency, and purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency. Diseases of pyrimidine biosynthesis are rarer, but include orotic acidurias. Unlike the low solubility of uric acid formed by catabolism of purines, the end products of ...
Evaluation of lead exposure in workers at a lead-acid battery factory in Korea : with focus on activity of erythrocyte...Evaluation of lead exposure in workers at a lead-acid battery factory in Korea : with focus on activity of erythrocyte...
Objective-To evaluate lead exposure among lead-acid battery workers in Korea, to evaluate in more detail the erythrocyte pyrimidine 5 -nucleotidase P5N test for lead exposure, and to evaluate the abnormal accumulation of erythrocyte pyrimidine nucleotides in the battery workers. Methods Activity of PSN and other biological variables were...
pyrimidine bases definitionpyrimidine bases definition
Class of nucleotides with one ring. Pyrimidines . programmes-cadres - acersocome - jonsonien - ultraroyaliste - ferroferrite - â ¦ Les bases pyrimidiques sont au nombre de 3 : la cytosine, lâ uracile et la thymine. The dimerization reaction can also occur among pyrimidine bases â ¦ Pyrimidine dimers are molecular lesions formed from thymine or cytosine bases in DNA via photochemical reactions. traduction pyrimidine base dans le dictionnaire Anglais - Francais de Reverso, voir aussi primitive,pyramid,pyramid selling,prim, â ¦ At neutral pH, pyrimidines â ¦ Biologie. Learn all about basicity of pyrimidine. Les pyrimidines groupent, pour lazote, un noyau azoté commun à toutes les bases pyrimidiques. Recherche dinformation médicale. Meaning of pyrimidine with illustrations and photos. Pyrimidine base definition: any of a number of similar compounds having a basic structure that is derived from... , Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples Nucléotide Pyrimidique: ...
Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism in Man VII | Springer for Research & DevelopmentPurine and Pyrimidine Metabolism in Man VII | Springer for Research & Development
These two volumes record the scientific and clinical work presented at the VIIth International and 3rd European joint symposium on purine and pyrimidine metabolism in man held at the Bournemouth Inter
purine and pyrimidine bondspurine and pyrimidine bonds
Uracil is found in RNA. The two most common base pairs are A-T and C-G. C H-bonds with G and A H-bonds with T. A purine always bonds with a pyrimidine. In DNA base pairing, A pairs with T and C with G. Matching base pairs ( purines and pyrimidines ) form hydrogen bonds. Forces which stabilize the DNA include: DNA has a double-helix structure because hydrogen bonds hold together the base pairs in the middle. It comprises Cytosine, thymine, uracil as nucleobases In the A-T pair, the purine (adenine) has two binding sites, and so does the pyrimidine … For RNA, the adenine bonds with uracil and guanine need to bond with cytosine. The molecular structure of both pyrimidines and purines allow them to only be able to bond with each other and not within the group. These nucleotides are complementary -their shape allows them to bond together with hydrogen bonds. Purines pair with pyrimidines because their size and shape make them a perfect fit for hydrogen bonding > Purines and pyrimidines are base ...
Acids, Nucleic - Medical Dictionary online-medical-dictionary.orgAcids, Nucleic - Medical Dictionary online-medical-dictionary.org
High Molecular Weight Polymers containing a mixture of purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotides chained together by Ribose or deoxyRibose linkages ...
Difference Between Purine and Pyrimidine - BioMadamDifference Between Purine and Pyrimidine - BioMadam
Every DNA strand has a backbone, made up of a sugar-phosphate chain. A nitrogenous base, composed of carbon and nitrogen rings, is attached to each one of these sugars. The number of rings of the attached base determines whether the base is a purine (two rings) or a pyrimidine (one ring).. To hold the two strands together, a hydrogen bond is formed by the purines on one strand of DNA with the corresponding pyrimidine available on the opposite DNA strand, and vice versa. This is called base pairing.. This is the most important function of purines and pyrimidines, within the DNA molecules. This hydrogen bonding is not as strong as a covalent bond, therefore, this base-pairing easily separate to allow transcription and replication.. One strand of DNA is always an exact complement of the other as far as purines and pyrimidines go. The reason for this is, purines always bind with pyrimidines, and this is called complementary pairing. Within a DNA molecule the ratio of these two will always be ...
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pyrimidine | Academic Journals and Conferencespyrimidine | Academic Journals and Conferences
Pyrimidine and its derivatives are important objects for chemical synthesis and development of new drugs based on them. There is a practical application of a number of substances with a pyrimidine heterocycle in medical practice. We performed a predicted screening of biological activity, cytotoxicity and toxicity in rats of some synthesized pyrimidine thiosulfonates using appropriate on-line programs. ...
CAS No.57564-94-0,7H-Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine,4-chloro-2-(methylthio)- SuppliersCAS No.57564-94-0,7H-Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine,4-chloro-2-(methylthio)- Suppliers
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PYRIMIDINE, 2,4-DICHLORO-5-(4-CHLOROPHENYL)-6-PHENYL-,PYRIMIDINE, 2,4-DICHLORO-5-(4-METHOXYPHENYL)-6-PHENYL- Suppliers &...PYRIMIDINE, 2,4-DICHLORO-5-(4-CHLOROPHENYL)-6-PHENYL-,PYRIMIDINE, 2,4-DICHLORO-5-(4-METHOXYPHENYL)-6-PHENYL- Suppliers &...
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Evolution of purines and pyrimidines. Arrows show direc | Open-iEvolution of purines and pyrimidines. Arrows show direc | Open-i
Evolution of purines and pyrimidines. Arrows show directions of possible hydrogen bonds. (A-D) Structures of the malamide side chain extended with β-alaninam
Download PDF Pyrimidines by D. J. Brown EbookDownload PDF Pyrimidines by D. J. Brown Ebook
A subsequent synthesis of pyrimidines shows the synthetic potential of these β-enaminones. E. Gayon, M. Szymczyk, H. Gérard, E. Vrancken, J.-M. Campagne, J. Org. Chem., , 77, A method for the synthesis of 2-substituted pyrimidinecarboxylic esters is described. The sodium salt of 3,3-dimethoxymethoxycarbonylpropenol has.
2-(4-nitrophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine | C12H8N4O2 - ChemSynthesis2-(4-nitrophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine | C12H8N4O2 - ChemSynthesis
2-(4-nitrophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine - chemical structural formula, chemical names, chemical properties, synthesis references
PQR | 2-methyl-4-benzylaminopyrrolo[2,3d]pyrimidinePQR | 2-methyl-4-benzylaminopyrrolo[2,3d]pyrimidine
You are viewing an interactive 3D depiction of the molecule 2-methyl-4-benzylaminopyrrolo[2,3d]pyrimidine (C14H14N4) from the PQR.
Pyrimidines Images - Photos - PicturesPyrimidines Images - Photos - Pictures
Professional quality Pyrimidines images and pictures at very affordable prices. With over 20 million stunning photos to choose from we ve got what you need!
Deoxyribonucleotide Triphosphate | Semantic ScholarDeoxyribonucleotide Triphosphate | Semantic Scholar
A nucleotide comprised of either a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base bound to a deoxyribose sugar esterified with three phosphate groups. These molecules are essential for DNA synthesis.
Uridine Diphosphate Glucose, [Glucose-14C(U)], 50µCi (1.85MBq) | PerkinElmerUridine Diphosphate Glucose, [Glucose-14C(U)], 50µCi (1.85MBq) | PerkinElmer
50 µCi quantities of [Glucose-14C(U)]-Uridine Diphosphate Glucose are available for your research. Application of [14C]Uridine can be found in: pyrimidine salvage and catabolism in mangrove species in plant science research, long-term effect of NaCl on the activity of uridine and uracil salvage for nucleotide synthesis in plant science research, glutathione-induced growth of embryogenic tissue of white spruce correlating with changes in pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism in plant science research, etc.. Special Information ...
Uridine Diphosphate Glucose, [Glucose-14C(U)], 10µCi (370kBq) | PerkinElmerUridine Diphosphate Glucose, [Glucose-14C(U)], 10µCi (370kBq) | PerkinElmer
10 µCi quantities of [Glucose-14C(U)]-Uridine Diphosphate Glucose are available for your research. Application of [14C]Uridine can be found in: pyrimidine salvage and catabolism in mangrove species in plant science research, long-term effect of NaCl on the activity of uridine and uracil salvage for nucleotide synthesis in plant science research, glutathione-induced growth of embryogenic tissue of white spruce correlating with changes in pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism in plant science research, etc. Special Information ...
Uridine Diphosphate Glucose, [Glucose-14C(U)], 50µCi (1.85MBq) | PerkinElmerUridine Diphosphate Glucose, [Glucose-14C(U)], 50µCi (1.85MBq) | PerkinElmer
50 µCi quantities of [Glucose-14C(U)]-Uridine Diphosphate Glucose are available for your research. Application of [14C]Uridine can be found in: pyrimidine salvage and catabolism in mangrove species in plant science research, long-term effect of NaCl on the activity of uridine and uracil salvage for nucleotide synthesis in plant science research, glutathione-induced growth of embryogenic tissue of white spruce correlating with changes in pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism in plant science research, etc.. Special Information ...
Pyrimidine metabolism - WikipediaPyrimidine metabolism - Wikipedia
Pyrimidine biosynthesis occurs both in the body and through organic synthesis. The first three enzymes are all coded by the same gene in Metazoa (CAD). In Fungi, a similar protein exists but lacks the dihydroorotase function: another protein catalyzes the second step. In other organisms (Bacteria, Archaea and the other Eukaryota), the first three steps are done by three different enzymes. Pyrimidines are ultimately catabolized (degraded) to CO2, H2O, and urea. Cytosine can be broken down to uracil, which can be further broken down to N-carbamoyl-β-alanine, and then to beta-alanine, CO2, and ammonia by beta-ureidopropionase. Thymine is broken down into β-aminoisobutyrate which can be further broken down into intermediates eventually leading into the citric acid cycle. β-aminoisobutyrate acts as a rough indicator for rate of DNA turnover. Modulating the pyrimidine metabolism pharmacologically has therapeutical uses. Pyrimidine synthesis inhibitors are used in active moderate to severe ...
Leflunomide - Basic Chemical, Pharmacological, and Marketing Data - Mechanism of Action | Mechanism Action | Technology TrendsLeflunomide - Basic Chemical, Pharmacological, and Marketing Data - Mechanism of Action | Mechanism Action | Technology Trends
Mechanism of Action. Leflunomide is an immunomodulatory drug inhibiting mitochondrial enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (an enzyme involved in de novo pyrimidine synthesis) (abbreviation DHODH), which plays a key role in the de novo synthesis of the pyrimidine ribonucleotide uridine monophosphate (rUMP). The inhibition of human DHODH by A77 1726, the active metabolite of leflunomide, occurs at levels (approximately 600 nM) that are achieved during treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Leflunomide prevents the expansion of activated and autoimmune lymphocytes by interfering with their cell cycle progression while nonlymphoid cells are able to use another pathway to make their ribonucleotides by use of salvage pyrimidine pathway, which makes them less dependent on de novo synthesis. Genuine antiproliferative activity has been proven. In addition, several experimental models (both in vivo and in vitro) have demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect. This double action is supposed to slow ...
Translational control of pyrC expression mediated by nucleotide-sensitive selection of transcriptional start sites in...Translational control of pyrC expression mediated by nucleotide-sensitive selection of transcriptional start sites in...
Expression of the pyrC gene, which encodes the pyrimidine biosynthetic enzyme dihydroorotase, is negatively regulated by pyrimidine availability in Escherichia coli. To define the mechanism of this regulation, an essential regulatory region between the pyrC promoter and the initial codons of the pyrC structural gene was identified. Mutational analysis of this regulatory region showed that the formation of a hairpin at the 5 end of the pyrC transcript, which overlaps the pyrC ribosome binding site, is required for repression of pyrC expression. Formation of the hairpin appears to be controlled by nucleotide-sensitive selection of the site of pyrC transcriptional initiation. When the CTP level is high, the major pyrC transcript is initiated with this nucleotide at a position seven bases downstream of the pyrC -10 region. This transcript is capable of forming a stable hairpin at its 5 end. When the CTP level is low and the GTP level is high, conditions found in cells limited for pyrimidines, the ...
Uridine 5-Prime Monophosphate Hydrolase Deficiency, Hemolytic Anemia Due to disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs,...Uridine 5-Prime Monophosphate Hydrolase Deficiency, Hemolytic Anemia Due to disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs,...
OMIM® : 57 Deficiency of pyrimidine 5-prime nucleotidase, also called uridine 5-prime monophosphate hydrolase, causes an autosomal recessive hemolytic anemia characterized by marked basophilic stippling and the accumulation of high concentrations of pyrimidine nucleotides within the erythrocyte. The enzyme is implicated in the anemia of lead poisoning and is possibly associated with learning difficulties. Hirono et al. (1988) suggested that this deficiency is the third most common RBC enzymopathy--after G6PD (300908) and pyruvate kinase (see 266200) deficiencies--causing hemolysis (summary by Marinaki et al., 2001). (266120) (Updated 05-Mar-2021) ...
what are purine nucleotideswhat are purine nucleotides
Furthermore, measuring direct changes in the amount of UCP by analysing the amount of the Mr 32 000 protein has had to rely on scans of Polyacrylamide gels (Ricquier and Kader, 1976; Heaton et al., 1978) and cannot produce accurate estimates of the concentration of a particular protein. The purine nucleoside molecule is converted to a monophosphate by viral thymidine kinases. The remainder of the adenine nucleotide, 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide ribonucleotide, is an intermediate in purine biosynthesis (Fig. Purine metabolism can be divided into three pathways (see Figure 95-1 ): When this occurs, PRPP amidotransferase will be completely inhibited and no purine … [8][9] He synthesized it for the first time in 1898. The reaction rates with the, Signal Transduction by Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Proteins, Proceedings of the 1987 Laurentian Hormone Conference, submicromolar) and specificity (pyrimidine nucleotides and most other, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Biochimica et ...
US Patent for Fused pyrimidine compounds and their use as pharmaceuticals Patent (Patent # 5,571,813 issued November 5, 1996) ...US Patent for Fused pyrimidine compounds and their use as pharmaceuticals Patent (Patent # 5,571,813 issued November 5, 1996) ...
Pharmaceutical compounds which are azolo-fused pyrimidine compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which .dbd.A--B-- together with the pyrimidine ring forms a) a pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine of formula (A), ##STR2## b) a [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine of formula (B), ##STR3## c) an imidazo[1,5-a]pyrimidine of formula (C), ##STR4## or d) an imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine of formula (D), ##STR5##
Uridine triphosphate trisodium - NO.33577Uridine triphosphate trisodium - NO.33577
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The Isolation Of Pyrimidines From The Nucleic Acid Of Tubercle Bacillus 1922The Isolation Of Pyrimidines From The Nucleic Acid Of Tubercle Bacillus 1922
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Category:Pyrimidines - Wikimedia CommonsCategory:Pyrimidines - Wikimedia Commons
Pyrimidine (de); pyrimidines (en); pirimidinoj (eo); pirymidyna (pl); pyrimidin (nn) any heterocyclic compound having a six-membered aromatic ring with two nitrogen heteroatoms at 1 and 3 positions (en); każdy związek heterocykliczny zawierający sześcioczłonowy, aromatyczny pierścień z dwoma heteroatomami azotu w pozycjach 1 i 3 (pl) pyrimidine (en); pyrimidina (nn); pirymidyny (pl ...
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The Isolation Of Pyrimidines From The Nucleic Acid Of Tubercle Bacillus 1922The Isolation Of Pyrimidines From The Nucleic Acid Of Tubercle Bacillus 1922
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2,4-Bis(prop-2-en-1-yloxy)pyrimidine | C10H12N2O2 - PubChem2,4-Bis(prop-2-en-1-yloxy)pyrimidine | C10H12N2O2 - PubChem
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6-Bromo-2,3-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine | C8H8BrN3 - PubChem6-Bromo-2,3-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine | C8H8BrN3 - PubChem
6-Bromo-2,3-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine | C8H8BrN3 | CID 82391547 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more.
Pyrimidine, 5-bromo-4-methyl- (7CI,8CI,9CI) Global Market and Forecast Research : ReportsnReportsPyrimidine, 5-bromo-4-methyl- (7CI,8CI,9CI) Global Market and Forecast Research : ReportsnReports
[65 Pages Report] Check for Discount on Pyrimidine, 5-bromo-4-methyl- (7CI,8CI,9CI) Global Market and Forecast Research report by ChemReport. DescriptionWe provide independent and unbiased information on manufacturers, prices, production...
Life as a guide to prebiotic nucleotide synthesis - Nick LaneLife as a guide to prebiotic nucleotide synthesis - Nick Lane
Synthesis of activated nucleotides has been accomplished under prebiotically plausible conditions, but bears little resemblance to the chemistry of life as we know it. Here we argue that life is an indispensable guide to its own origins.
Nucleotide DegradationNucleotide Degradation
... is an integrated process in all human cells that is intimately linked with the pathways of nucleotide synthesis and salvage
WO2007139240 COMPOSÉS DE 7-(3,4-DIALKOXYPHÉNYL)-PYRAZOLO[1,5-A]PYRIMIDINE, PROCÉDÉ DE PRÉPARATION DE CEUX-CI ET COMPOSITION...WO2007139240 COMPOSÉS DE 7-(3,4-DIALKOXYPHÉNYL)-PYRAZOLO[1,5-A]PYRIMIDINE, PROCÉDÉ DE PRÉPARATION DE CEUX-CI ET COMPOSITION...
This patent search tool allows you not only to search the PCT database of about 2 million International Applications but also the worldwide patent collections. This search facility features: flexible search syntax; automatic word stemming and relevance ranking; as well as graphical results.
2-(N-Isopropylamino)pyrimidine - Alfa Chemistry2-(N-Isopropylamino)pyrimidine - Alfa Chemistry
Alfa Chemistry is the worlds leading provider for special chemicals. We offer qualified products for 4214-72-6(2-Pyrimidinamine, N-(1-methylethyl)- (9CI)),please inquire us for 4214-72-6(2-Pyrimidinamine, N-(1-methylethyl)- (9CI)).
Dihidroorotaza - Википедија, слободна енциклопедијаDihidroorotaza - Википедија, слободна енциклопедија
Lieberman, I. & Kornberg, A. (1954). „Enzymatic synthesis and breakdown of a pyrimidine, orotic acid. II. Dihydroorotic acid, ureidosuccinic acid, and 5-carboxymethylhydantoin". J. Biol. Chem. 207: 911-924. PMID 13163076 ...
pregnancy Archives | Pelvic Health and Rehabilitation CenterPelvic Health and Rehabilitation Centerpregnancy Archives | Pelvic Health and Rehabilitation CenterPelvic Health and Rehabilitation Center
After her first pregnancy, Angela gave birth to a beautiful 7 lb, 3 oz, baby girl. More than six months after leaving the hospital, baby was healthy and thriving, however, the same couldnt be said for Mom. Mentally, she was full […] Continue Reading ...
Carol Remmer AngleCarol Remmer Angle
Bovine pancreatic ribonucleaseBovine pancreatic ribonuclease
Nucleic acid metabolismNucleic acid metabolism
RibonucleotideRibonucleotide
PPP2CAPPP2CA
De novo synthesisDe novo synthesis
Nucleoside triphosphateNucleoside triphosphate
MetabolismMetabolism
CTP synthetaseCTP synthetase
PPP1CAPPP1CA
FlumequineFlumequine
D-loop replicationD-loop replication
Point mutationPoint mutation
Uridine monophosphate synthetaseUridine monophosphate synthetase
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotideNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Nucleoside-diphosphate kinaseNucleoside-diphosphate kinase
James FerrisJames Ferris
Hypochlorous acidHypochlorous acid
2,5-diamino-6-(ribosylamino)-4(3H)-pyrimidinone 5-phosphate reductase2,5-diamino-6-(ribosylamino)-4(3H)-pyrimidinone 5'-phosphate reductase
DiarylpyrimidinesDiarylpyrimidines
Thymidine kinase in clinical chemistryThymidine kinase in clinical chemistry
PeptidoglycanPeptidoglycan
PyrD leaderPyrD leader
Mary Ellen Jones (chemist)Mary Ellen Jones (chemist)
Cancer epigeneticsCancer epigenetics
Multiple sequence alignmentMultiple sequence alignment
UCK2UCK2
Uridine monophosphateUridine monophosphate
NT5C3NT5C3
Raymond C. StevensRaymond C. Stevens
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
TetrahydrocortisolPurine NucleotidesPyrimidinesNucleotidesUridine TriphosphateRibosomal Protein S6 KinasesOrotate PhosphoribosyltransferaseUracil NucleotidesDihydroorotasePyrimidine NucleosidesUridine MonophosphateReality TherapyPyrimidine DimersOrotidine-5'-Phosphate DecarboxylaseCarbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing)Uridine KinaseUridineCytidine TriphosphateUracilDihydroorotate OxidaseCytidineCytosine NucleotidesUridine DiphosphateRibonucleotides3-DeazauridinePentosyltransferasesNucleotide Transport Proteins5'-NucleotidaseMolecular Sequence DataPhosphonoacetic AcidPhosphoribosyl PyrophosphatePurinesDeoxycytidine MonophosphateOrganomercury CompoundsAmylopectinGuanine NucleotidesKineticsEscherichia coliortho-AminobenzoatesBase SequenceNucleosidesOxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group DonorsNucleotidasesSubstrate SpecificityReceptors, Purinergic P2Amino Acid SequenceDNAEndpoint DeterminationNucleic Acid ConformationGuanosine TriphosphatePhosphotransferasesAmyloid NeuropathiesAdenine NucleotidesPolymorphism, Single NucleotideDeoxyribonuclease (Pyrimidine Dimer)ThymidinePyrimidine PhosphorylasesUltraviolet RaysModels, MolecularStructure-Activity RelationshipRNABinding SitesCell LineCatalytic DomainCloning, MolecularDeoxyribodipyrimidine Photo-LyaseDNA Repair
Pyrimidine nucleotide carrier 1 in mitochondrial homeostasis and cancerPyrimidine nucleotide carrier 1 in mitochondrial homeostasis and cancer
Browse All : ...Browse All : ...
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Using TMC278LA - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govPre-Exposure Prophylaxis Using TMC278LA - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Preventive Effects of Polysaccharides Extracted From...Preventive Effects of Polysaccharides Extracted From...
Biofyzikální ústav AV ČRBiofyzikální ústav AV ČR
Download E-books METHODS IN CELL BIOLOGY,VOLUME 8, Volume 8 PDF - Singapore Press BooksDownload E-books METHODS IN CELL BIOLOGY,VOLUME 8, Volume 8 PDF - Singapore Press Books
Nucleotide BiosynthesisNucleotide Biosynthesis
pyrimidine metabolism pptpyrimidine metabolism ppt
Indeed, the most pronounced deviations are for C and U at place t | Thrombin InhibitorsIndeed, the most pronounced deviations are for C and U at place t | Thrombin Inhibitors
MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit | the involvement of mitochondria and their dysfunction in an ever-increasing range of human...MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit | the involvement of mitochondria and their dysfunction in an ever-increasing range of human...
Salvage Pathway Of Purine Nucleotide BiosynthesisSalvage Pathway Of Purine Nucleotide Biosynthesis
Pyrimidine-5-nucleotide nucleosidase - WikipediaPyrimidine-5'-nucleotide nucleosidase - Wikipedia
Patent US5720935 - Rapid synthesis of radiolabeled pyrimidine nucleosides or nucleotides from ... - Google PatentsPatent US5720935 - Rapid synthesis of radiolabeled pyrimidine nucleosides or nucleotides from ... - Google Patents
Pyrimidine nucleotides | Spectrum ChemicalPyrimidine nucleotides | Spectrum Chemical
Purines, Pyrimidines and Nucleotides and the Chemistry of Nucleic Acids - 1st EditionPurines, Pyrimidines and Nucleotides and the Chemistry of Nucleic Acids - 1st Edition
Purines, pyrimidines and nucleotides and the chemistry of nucleic acids. (Book, 1964) [WorldCat.org]Purines, pyrimidines and nucleotides and the chemistry of nucleic acids. (Book, 1964) [WorldCat.org]
Pyrimidine Salvage Enzymes Are Essential for De Novo Biosynthesis of Deoxypyrimidine Nucleotides in Trypanosoma brucei. -...Pyrimidine Salvage Enzymes Are Essential for De Novo Biosynthesis of Deoxypyrimidine Nucleotides in Trypanosoma brucei. -...
RCSB PDB - Protein Feature View - Pyrimidine/purine nucleotide 5-monophosphate nucleosidase - P0ADR8 (PPNN ECOLI)RCSB PDB - Protein Feature View - Pyrimidine/purine nucleotide 5'-monophosphate nucleosidase - P0ADR8 (PPNN ECOLI)
Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotide Concentrations in Cells with Decreased Hypoxanthine-Guanine-Phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT)...Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotide Concentrations in Cells with Decreased Hypoxanthine-Guanine-Phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT)...
Comparison of human erythrocyte purine nucleotide metabolism and blood purine and pyrimidine degradation product concentrations...Comparison of human erythrocyte purine nucleotide metabolism and blood purine and pyrimidine degradation product concentrations...
Differential Control of Cell Cycle, Proliferation, and Survival of Primary T Lymphocytes by Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotides |...Differential Control of Cell Cycle, Proliferation, and Survival of Primary T Lymphocytes by Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotides |...
cUMP - cNMP with Pyrimidine Nucleobase - Cyclic Nucleotides BIOLOG Life Science InstitutecUMP - cNMP with Pyrimidine Nucleobase - Cyclic Nucleotides BIOLOG Life Science Institute
cUMP-AM - cNMP with Pyrimidine Nucleobase - Cyclic Nucleotides BIOLOG Life Science InstitutecUMP-AM - cNMP with Pyrimidine Nucleobase - Cyclic Nucleotides BIOLOG Life Science Institute
Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotide Metabolism Volume 51 Purine and Purimidine Nucleotide Metabolism Methods in Enzymology V 51,...Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotide Metabolism Volume 51 Purine and Purimidine Nucleotide Metabolism Methods in Enzymology V 51,...
Pyrimidine Nucleotide Synthesis and Degradation in Rat Liver after Repeated Phenobarbital Administration | Molecular...Pyrimidine Nucleotide Synthesis and Degradation in Rat Liver after Repeated Phenobarbital Administration | Molecular...
Structure-Activity Relationships for the Interactions of 2- and 3-(O)-(N-Methyl)anthraniloyl-Substituted Purine and...Structure-Activity Relationships for the Interactions of 2'- and 3'-(O)-(N-Methyl)anthraniloyl-Substituted Purine and...
Heavy metal-pyrimidine nucleotide interaction: x-ray structure of a cadmium derivative of cytidine 5′-monophosphate |...Heavy metal-pyrimidine nucleotide interaction: x-ray structure of a cadmium derivative of cytidine 5′-monophosphate |...
Nucleotide Metabolism - Purines and Pyrimidines | Medical LibraryNucleotide Metabolism - Purines and Pyrimidines | Medical Library
Biochemical properties of 5 sulfur substituted pyrimidine nucleosides and nucleotides<...Biochemical properties of 5 sulfur substituted pyrimidine nucleosides and nucleotides<...
BIOSYNTHESIS AND CATABOLISM OF PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOTIDES.BIOSYNTHESIS AND CATABOLISM OF PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOTIDES.
Nucleic acid (Monomer: nucleotides (Nitrogenous base; purine,pyrimidine,…Nucleic acid (Monomer: nucleotides (Nitrogenous base; purine,pyrimidine,…
Distribution of erythrocyte nucleotides in pyrimidine 5-nucleotidase deficiency.Distribution of erythrocyte nucleotides in pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase deficiency.
Purines And Pyrimidines Nucleotides - What Is Gout?Purines And Pyrimidines Nucleotides - What Is Gout?
Purines And Pyrimidines Nucleotides - What Is Gout?Purines And Pyrimidines Nucleotides - What Is Gout?
Purine Bases, Pyrimidine Bases, Nucleosides and Nucleotides Archives - ShodexHPLC.comPurine Bases, Pyrimidine Bases, Nucleosides and Nucleotides Archives - ShodexHPLC.com
Pyrimidine and purine nucleotide synthase ribozymes sho | Open-iPyrimidine and purine nucleotide synthase ribozymes sho | Open-i
PURINES AND PYRIMIDINESPURINES AND PYRIMIDINES
Metabolism of Purine & Pyrimidine Nucleotides | Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 30e | AccessPharmacy | McGraw-Hill MedicalMetabolism of Purine & Pyrimidine Nucleotides | Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry, 30e | AccessPharmacy | McGraw-Hill Medical
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung CZeitschrift für Naturforschung C
Purine Nucleotides And Pyrimidine Nucleotides - Is Sleep Apnea One of the Causes of Gout?Purine Nucleotides And Pyrimidine Nucleotides - Is Sleep Apnea One of the Causes of Gout?
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
TetrahydrocortisolPurine NucleotidesPyrimidinesNucleotidesUridine TriphosphateRibosomal Protein S6 KinasesOrotate PhosphoribosyltransferaseUracil NucleotidesDihydroorotasePyrimidine NucleosidesUridine MonophosphateReality TherapyPyrimidine DimersOrotidine-5'-Phosphate DecarboxylaseCarbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing)Uridine KinaseUridineCytidine TriphosphateUracilDihydroorotate OxidaseCytidineCytosine NucleotidesUridine DiphosphateRibonucleotides3-DeazauridinePentosyltransferasesNucleotide Transport Proteins5'-NucleotidaseMolecular Sequence DataPhosphonoacetic AcidPhosphoribosyl PyrophosphatePurinesDeoxycytidine MonophosphateOrganomercury CompoundsAmylopectinGuanine NucleotidesKineticsEscherichia coliortho-AminobenzoatesBase SequenceNucleosidesOxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group DonorsNucleotidasesSubstrate SpecificityReceptors, Purinergic P2Amino Acid SequenceDNAEndpoint DeterminationNucleic Acid ConformationGuanosine TriphosphatePhosphotransferasesAmyloid NeuropathiesAdenine NucleotidesPolymorphism, Single NucleotideDeoxyribonuclease (Pyrimidine Dimer)ThymidinePyrimidine PhosphorylasesUltraviolet RaysModels, MolecularStructure-Activity RelationshipRNABinding SitesCell LineCatalytic DomainCloning, MolecularDeoxyribodipyrimidine Photo-LyaseDNA Repair
SynthesisBiosynthesisMetabolismSynthesized de novoMitochondrialUndergoMoleculeRiboseCarbamoyl phosphatePurines and PyrimidinesBiosynthesisMetabolismDegradationNucleosides and nucleotidesUridineRibonucleotidesEnzymeNucleic acidBasesThymidineThyminePhosphateGuanineCytidineEnzymesIntermediatesPrecursorsUracilPurine nucleotide synthesisUric acidInhibitionDiverse pyrimidineCatabolismDeoxyribonucleotidesSugarsSalvage pathwayResiduesInhibitorsNucleotidaseExcision repairExtracellular nucleotidesSEQUENCECytosineDerivativeDiphosphateOroticPathwayOligonucleotidesDifferentiallyReactions
Synthesis6
Biosynthesis9
Metabolism6
Synthesized de novo1
Mitochondrial1
Undergo1
Molecule1
Ribose1
Carbamoyl phosphate1
Purines and Pyrimidines16
Biosynthesis17
Metabolism10
Degradation13
Nucleosides and nucleotides1
Uridine5
Ribonucleotides3
Enzyme7
Nucleic acid5
  • We found that there was a rapid and specific incorporation of adenosine, deoxyadenosine, adenine, and guanosine (all nucleotide precursors) into the nucleic acid of the parasites. (ajtmh.org)
  • Ureidosuccinic acid as a precursor of nucleic acid pyrimidines in normal and tumor-bearing mice. (springer.com)
  • Nucleotides are the monomers of nucleic acids , with three or more bonding together in order to form a nucleic acid. (bionity.com)
  • 1. A composition comprising a nucleic acid comprising (a) a sequence encoding a rhodopsin kinase promoter, and (b) a sequence encoding a retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator ORF15 isoform (RPGR ORF15 ) and comprising a nucleotide sequence that has at least 80% identity to the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • 18. The composition of claim 4, wherein the sequence encoding the RPGR ORF15 comprises a nucleotide sequence that has at least 97% identity to the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3. (freepatentsonline.com)
Bases9
Thymidine1
  • Each primer was designed to include a thymidine (T) nucleotide on the 5′ end to minimize addition of nontemplated adenosine (A) during polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (data not shown). (cdc.gov)
Thymine2
Phosphate10
Guanine3
Cytidine1
Enzymes3
Intermediates2
Precursors3
Uracil1
  • For example, the family A pyrimidine nucleotide synthetase ribozyme was ~10,000 times slower with uracil than with 4-thiouracil and reactivity with 2-thiocytosine, 2-thiopyrimidine, 2-thiopyridine and 5-carboxy-2-thiouracil could not be detected (Figure 3). (nih.gov)
Purine nucleotide synthesis5
Uric acid2
  • Unlike the low solubility of uric acid formed by catabolism of purines, the end products of pyrimidine catabolism (carbon dioxide, ammonia, β-alanine, and γ-aminoisobutyrate) are highly water soluble. (mhmedical.com)
  • Results of enzymatic and genetic studies supported the view that accelerated purine nucleotide and uric acid production in this woman resulted from defective allosteric regulation of PRS activity, which is, in turn, a consequence of a mutation in one of the patient's PRPS1 genes: an A-to-T substitution at nucleotide 578, encoding leucine for histidine at amino acid residue 192 of the mature PRS1 isoform. (wiley.com)
Inhibition2
Diverse pyrimidine1
  • Thorne RE, Chinnapen DJ, Sekhon GS, Sen D. A deoxyribozyme, Sero1C, uses light and serotonin to repair diverse pyrimidine dimers in DNA. (harvard.edu)
Catabolism1
Deoxyribonucleotides1
Sugars1
Salvage pathway2
Residues1
Inhibitors4
Nucleotidase2
Excision repair2
  • Among UV-lesions, the pyrimidine-pyrimidone (6-4) photoproduct (6-4PP) is removed from the genome much faster than the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD), owing to the more efficient recognition of 6-4PP by XPC-RAD23B, a key initiator of global-genome nucleotide excision repair (NER). (nyu.edu)
  • Dominguez-Brauer C, Chen YJ, Brauer PM, Pimkina J, Raychaudhuri P. ARF stimulates XPC to trigger nucleotide excision repair by regulating the repressor complex of E2F4. (harvard.edu)
Extracellular nucleotides1
  • My current focus is on receptors for purines, encompassing both adenosine receptors and P2 receptors, which are activated by ATP, UTP and other extracellular nucleotides. (nih.gov)
SEQUENCE3
Cytosine1
Derivative1
Diphosphate2
Orotic1
Pathway2
Oligonucleotides1
Differentially2
Reactions2
Salvage Pathway Of Purine Nucleotide Biosynthesis
Salvage Pathway Of Purine Nucleotide Biosynthesis (nspotteryblog.com)
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Distribution of erythrocyte nucleotides in pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase deficiency.
Distribution of erythrocyte nucleotides in pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase deficiency. (wizdom.ai)
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C (degruyter.com)
Category:Pyrimidines - Wikimedia Commons
Category:Pyrimidines - Wikimedia Commons (commons.wikimedia.org)
JCI - P2Y6 signaling in alveolar macrophages prevents leukotriene-dependent type 2 allergic lung inflammation
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The complete genome sequence of the Arabidopsis and tomato pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 | PNAS
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Journal of Alzheimer's Disease - Volume 42, issue 1 - Journals - IOS Press
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease - Volume 42, issue 1 - Journals - IOS Press (content.iospress.com)
PRPS1 gene: MedlinePlus Genetics
PRPS1 gene: MedlinePlus Genetics (medlineplus.gov)
Amino Acids: Biochemistry and Nutrition, 1st Edition (Hardback) - Routledge
Amino Acids: Biochemistry and Nutrition, 1st Edition (Hardback) - Routledge (routledge.com)
Revival: CRC Handbook of Nucleobase Complexes (1990) - 1st Edition - J
Revival: CRC Handbook of Nucleobase Complexes (1990) - 1st Edition - J (routledge.com)
Identification of the Iron-Responsive Genes of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by Microarray Analysis in Defined Medium | Journal of...
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Genome-Wide Characterization of the SloR Metalloregulome in Streptococcus mutans | Journal of Bacteriology
Genome-Wide Characterization of the SloR Metalloregulome in Streptococcus mutans | Journal of Bacteriology (jb.asm.org)
Comparison of human erythrocyte purine nucleotide metabolism and blood purine and pyrimidine degradation product concentrations...
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Netter's Essential Biochemistry - 9781929007639
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Netter's Essential Biochemistry Elsevier eBook on VitalSource (Retail Access Card) - 9780323389372
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MM Test 2 - Online Flashcards by Lauren Sinik | Brainscape
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Pyrimidine Dimers | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst
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Der Stoffwechsel der P-haltigen Verbindungen | Springer for Research & Development
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Javor, G. T. --- Special Edition: Life: An Evidence for Creation
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Gene organisation, transcription and regulation Flashcards by David Wheeler | Brainscape
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Search | Britannica
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Limitation of Stunning in Dog Myocardium by the Nucleoside-Nucleotide Mixture OG-VI | Springer for Research & Development
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Kenneth A. Jacobson, Ph.D., John W. Daly Distinguished Scientist | NIDDK
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The Clinical Aspects of Inherited Defects in Pyrimidine Degradation | SpringerLink
The Clinical Aspects of Inherited Defects in Pyrimidine Degradation | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Entropy | Free Full-Text | Ribozyme Activity of RNA Nonenzymatically Polymerized from 3′,5′-Cyclic GMP | HTML
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Stoffwechsel der Purine und Pyrimidine | Springer for Research & Development
Stoffwechsel der Purine und Pyrimidine | Springer for Research & Development (rd.springer.com)
High Uridine Catabolic Activity in Cultured Human Melanoma Cells | SpringerLink
High Uridine Catabolic Activity in Cultured Human Melanoma Cells | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
RXs Drugstore: El viagra contiene testosterona over 300 meds!
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PPT - Metabolism of amino acids, purine and pyrimidine bases PowerPoint Presentation - ID:744538
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Purinergic and Pyrimidinergic Signalling I | Springer for Research & Development
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Decomposition | biology | Britannica.com
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