Pyridoxal phosphate. Medical search

This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).

The 4-carboxyaldehyde form of VITAMIN B 6 which is converted to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid.

An enzyme that catalyzes reversibly the phosphorylation of pyridoxal in the presence of ATP with the formation of pyridoxal 5-phosphate and ADP. Pyridoxine, pyridoxamine and various derivatives can also act as acceptors. EC 2.7.1.35.

The 4-methanol form of VITAMIN B 6 which is converted to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B 6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990).

The 4-aminomethyl form of VITAMIN B 6. During transamination of amino acids, PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate.

Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid.

A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN B 6 in the diet, characterized by dermatitis, glossitis, cheilosis, and stomatitis. Marked deficiency causes irritability, weakness, depression, dizziness, peripheral neuropathy, and seizures. In infants and children typical manifestations are diarrhea, anemia, and seizures. Deficiency can be caused by certain medications, such as isoniazid.

A class of inorganic or organic compounds that contain the borohydride (BH4-) anion.

A subclass of enzymes of the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of an amino group from a donor (generally an amino acid) to an acceptor (generally a 2-keto acid). Most of these enzymes are pyridoxyl phosphate proteins. (Dorland, 28th ed) EC 2.6.1.

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-serine and 1-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate to L-tryptophan and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. It is a pyridoxal phosphate protein that also catalyzes the conversion of serine and indole into tryptophan and water and of indoleglycerol phosphate into indole and glyceraldehyde phosphate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4.2.1.20.

Enzymes of the transferase class that catalyze the conversion of L-aspartate and 2-ketoglutarate to oxaloacetate and L-glutamate. EC 2.6.1.1.

The protein components of enzyme complexes (HOLOENZYMES). An apoenzyme is the holoenzyme minus any cofactors (ENZYME COFACTORS) or prosthetic groups required for the enzymatic function.

An enzyme catalyzing the deamination of pyridoxaminephosphate to pyridoxal phosphate. It is a flavoprotein that also oxidizes pyridoxine-5-phosphate and pyridoxine. EC 1.4.3.5.

VITAMIN B 6 refers to several PICOLINES (especially PYRIDOXINE; PYRIDOXAL; & PYRIDOXAMINE) that are efficiently converted by the body to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, and aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into PYRIDOXAMINE phosphate. Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B 6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990). Most of vitamin B6 is eventually degraded to PYRIDOXIC ACID and excreted in the urine.

A class of enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of C-C, C-O, and C-N, and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

A pyridoxal phosphate enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of glycine and 5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate to form serine. It also catalyzes the reaction of glycine with acetaldehyde to form L-threonine. EC 2.1.2.1.

Condensation products of aromatic amines and aldehydes forming azomethines substituted on the N atom, containing the general formula R-N:CHR. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

A class of glucosyltransferases that catalyzes the degradation of storage polysaccharides, such as glucose polymers, by phosphorolysis in animals (GLYCOGEN PHOSPHORYLASE) and in plants (STARCH PHOSPHORYLASE).

A PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE containing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amino group between D-Alanine and alpha-ketoglutarate to form PYRUVATE and D-GLUTAMATE, respectively. It plays a role in the synthesis of the bacterial CELL WALL. This enzyme was formerly classified as EC 2.6.1.10.

The catabolic product of most of VITAMIN B 6; (PYRIDOXINE; PYRIDOXAL; and PYRIDOXAMINE) which is excreted in the urine.

A PYRIDOXAL-phosphate containing enzyme that catalyzes the dehydration and deamination of L-serine to form pyruvate. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 4.2.1.13.

An enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of tyrosine to phenol, pyruvate, and ammonia. It is a pyridoxal phosphate protein. The enzyme also forms pyruvate from D-tyrosine, L-cysteine, S-methyl-L-cysteine, L-serine, and D-serine, although at a slower rate. EC 4.1.99.2.

The art or process of comparing photometrically the relative intensities of the light in different parts of the spectrum.

Enzymes that catalyze the addition of a carboxyl group to a compound (carboxylases) or the removal of a carboxyl group from a compound (decarboxylases). EC 4.1.1.

A pyridoxal phosphate enzyme that catalyzes the formation of glutamate gamma-semialdehyde and an L-amino acid from L-ornithine and a 2-keto-acid. EC 2.6.1.13.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

Calcium salts of phosphoric acid. These compounds are frequently used as calcium supplements.

Determination of the spectra of ultraviolet absorption by specific molecules in gases or liquids, for example Cl2, SO2, NO2, CS2, ozone, mercury vapor, and various unsaturated compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine to tyramine and carbon dioxide. The bacterial enzyme also acts on 3-hydroxytyrosine and, more slowly, on 3-hydroxyphenylalanine. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4.1.1.25.

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

An ester of glucose with phosphoric acid, made in the course of glucose metabolism by mammalian and other cells. It is a normal constituent of resting muscle and probably is in constant equilibrium with fructose-6-phosphate. (Stedman, 26th ed)

Enzymes that catalyze the dehydrogenation of GLYCERALDEHYDE 3-PHOSPHATE. Several types of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase exist including phosphorylating and non-phosphorylating varieties and ones that transfer hydrogen to NADP and ones that transfer hydrogen to NAD.

Organic compounds containing a carbonyl group in the form -CHO.

A disease characterized by compensated hemolysis with a normal hemoglobin level or a mild to moderate anemia. There may be intermittent abdominal discomfort, splenomegaly, and slight jaundice.

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-tryptophan and water to indole, pyruvate, and ammonia. It is a pyridoxal-phosphate protein, requiring K+. It also catalyzes 2,3-elimination and beta-replacement reactions of some indole-substituted tryptophan analogs of L-cysteine, L-serine, and other 3-substituted amino acids. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4.1.99.1.

An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.

The inactive form of GLYCOGEN PHOSPHORYLASE that is converted to the active form PHOSPHORYLASE A via phosphorylation by PHOSPHORYLASE KINASE and ATP.

A group of compounds that are derivatives of heptanedioic acid with the general formula R-C7H11O4.

An enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of cysteine in microorganisms and plants from O-acetyl-L-serine and hydrogen sulfide. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 4.2.99.8.

A multifunctional pyridoxal phosphate enzyme. In the second stage of cysteine biosynthesis it catalyzes the reaction of homocysteine with serine to form cystathionine with the elimination of water. Deficiency of this enzyme leads to HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA and HOMOCYSTINURIA. EC 4.2.1.22.

A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.

An enzyme of the transferase class that catalyzes condensation of the succinyl group from succinyl coenzyme A with glycine to form delta-aminolevulinate. It is a pyridoxyal phosphate protein and the reaction occurs in mitochondria as the first step of the heme biosynthetic pathway. The enzyme is a key regulatory enzyme in heme biosynthesis. In liver feedback is inhibited by heme. EC 2.3.1.37.

An organism of the vegetable kingdom suitable by nature for use as a food, especially by human beings. Not all parts of any given plant are edible but all parts of edible plants have been known to figure as raw or cooked food: leaves, roots, tubers, stems, seeds, buds, fruits, and flowers. The most commonly edible parts of plants are FRUIT, usually sweet, fleshy, and succulent. Most edible plants are commonly cultivated for their nutritional value and are referred to as VEGETABLES.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Small molecules that are required for the catalytic function of ENZYMES. Many VITAMINS are coenzymes.

Anemia characterized by the presence of erythroblasts containing excessive deposits of iron in the marrow.

A water-soluble medicinal preparation applied to the skin.

Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.

An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against Lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as British Anti-Lewisite or BAL. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning.

An enzyme that converts brain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID) into succinate semialdehyde, which can be converted to succinic acid and enter the citric acid cycle. It also acts on beta-alanine. EC 2.6.1.19.

A process of selective diffusion through a membrane. It is usually used to separate low-molecular-weight solutes which diffuse through the membrane from the colloidal and high-molecular-weight solutes which do not. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A compound that inhibits aminobutyrate aminotransferase activity in vivo, thereby raising the level of gamma-aminobutyric acid in tissues.

The facilitation of a chemical reaction by material (catalyst) that is not consumed by the reaction.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-TYROSINE and 2-oxoglutarate to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate and L-GLUTAMATE. It is a pyridoxal-phosphate protein. L-PHENYLALANINE is hydroxylated to L-tyrosine. The mitochondrial enzyme may be identical with ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASES (EC 2.6.1.1.). Deficiency of this enzyme may cause type II Tyrosinemia (see TYROSINEMIAS). EC 2.6.1.5.

A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange.

Inorganic or organic salts and esters of boric acid.

The composition, conformation, and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes.

A pyrrolo-quinoline having two adjacent keto-groups at the 4 and 5 positions and three acidic carboxyl groups. It is a coenzyme of some DEHYDROGENASES.

An aldotriose which is an important intermediate in glycolysis and in tryptophan biosynthesis.

A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that catalyzes the deamination of THREONINE to 2-ketobutyrate and AMMONIA. The role of this enzyme can be biosynthetic or biodegradative. In the former role it supplies 2-ketobutyrate required for ISOLEUCINE biosynthesis, while in the latter it is only involved in the breakdown of threonine to supply energy. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 4.2.1.16.

Phosphoric acid esters of inositol. They include mono- and polyphosphoric acid esters, with the exception of inositol hexaphosphate which is PHYTIC ACID.

Organic compounds that contain the (-NH2OH) radical.

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).

Transferases are enzymes transferring a group, for example, the methyl group or a glycosyl group, from one compound (generally regarded as donor) to another compound (generally regarded as acceptor). The classification is based on the scheme "donor:acceptor group transferase". (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to pyruvate and L-glutamate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.6.1.2.

An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.

A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.

Measurement of the intensity and quality of fluorescence.

Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

The condition of being heterozygous for hemoglobin S.

The measurement of the amplitude of the components of a complex waveform throughout the frequency range of the waveform. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

An oxidative decarboxylation process that converts GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE to D-ribose-5-phosphate via 6-phosphogluconate. The pentose product is used in the biosynthesis of NUCLEIC ACIDS. The generated energy is stored in the form of NADPH. This pathway is prominent in tissues which are active in the synthesis of FATTY ACIDS and STEROIDS.

A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.

An amino acid produced in the urea cycle by the splitting off of urea from arginine.

Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.

A group of compounds that are monomethyl derivatives of pyridines. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

A pyridoxal-phosphate protein, believed to be the rate-limiting compound in the biosynthesis of polyamines. It catalyzes the decarboxylation of ornithine to form putrescine, which is then linked to a propylamine moiety of decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine to form spermidine.

A non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter.

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

An important intermediate in lipid biosynthesis and in glycolysis.

A group of water-soluble vitamins, some of which are COENZYMES.

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

Inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE containing the -CN radical. The concept also includes isocyanides. It is distinguished from NITRILES, which denotes organic compounds containing the -CN radical.

Membrane proteins that are involved in the active transport of phosphate.

A change from planar to elliptic polarization when an initially plane-polarized light wave traverses an optically active medium. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)

An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.

Compounds and molecular complexes that consist of very large numbers of atoms and are generally over 500 kDa in size. In biological systems macromolecular substances usually can be visualized using ELECTRON MICROSCOPY and are distinguished from ORGANELLES by the lack of a membrane structure.

A thiol-containing amino acid formed by a demethylation of METHIONINE.

Compounds that bind to and block the stimulation of PURINERGIC P2 RECEPTORS.

An aldose-ketose isomerase that catalyzes the reversible interconversion of glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate. In prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms it plays an essential role in glycolytic and gluconeogenic pathways. In mammalian systems the enzyme is found in the cytoplasm and as a secreted protein. This secreted form of glucose-6-phosphate isomerase has been referred to as autocrine motility factor or neuroleukin, and acts as a cytokine which binds to the AUTOCRINE MOTILITY FACTOR RECEPTOR. Deficiency of the enzyme in humans is an autosomal recessive trait, which results in CONGENITAL NONSPHEROCYTIC HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.

Ribose substituted in the 1-, 3-, or 5-position by a phosphoric acid moiety.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Chemical agents that react with SH groups. This is a chemically diverse group that is used for a variety of purposes. Among these are enzyme inhibition, enzyme reactivation or protection, and labelling.

Techniques used to separate mixtures of substances based on differences in the relative affinities of the substances for mobile and stationary phases. A mobile phase (fluid or gas) passes through a column containing a stationary phase of porous solid or liquid coated on a solid support. Usage is both analytical for small amounts and preparative for bulk amounts.

The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

Update on interconversions of vitamin B-6 with its coenzyme. (1/1448)

Biosynthesis of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) depends upon the relatively specific action of two consecutive enzymes, viz. pyridoxal (pyridoxine, pyridoxamine) kinase and pyridoxine (pyridoxamine) phosphate oxidase. Less specific phosphatases catalyze hydrolyses of the 5'-phosphates of the vitamers pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, and pyridoxine. From the recognition a generation ago of these processes by which the three forms of vitamin B-6 and their 5'-phosphates are interconverted, more recent studies have provided a fairly sophisticated understanding of the molecular characteristics of the enzymes involved. The evolutionary retention of homologous portions of pyridoxal kinase in humans as well as bacteria and the most recent finding of a highly conserved region of the pyridoxine (pyridoxamine) phosphate oxidase, also from both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, emphasize the importance of these catalysts in the formation of a coenzyme that is essential for most organisms. Both kinase and oxidase involved in B-6 metabolism are potential targets for pharmacologic agents. (+info)

Reaction specificity of native and nicked 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine decarboxylase. (2/1448)

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (Dopa) decarboxylase is a stereospecific pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent alpha-decarboxylase that converts L-aromatic amino acids into their corresponding amines. We now report that reaction of the enzyme with D-5-hydroxytryptophan or D-Dopa results in a time-dependent inactivation and conversion of the PLP coenzyme to pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate and PLP-D-amino acid Pictet-Spengler adducts, which have been identified by high performance liquid chromatography. We also show that the reaction specificity of Dopa decarboxylase toward aromatic amines depends on the experimental conditions. Whereas oxidative deamination occurs under aerobic conditions (Bertoldi, M., Moore, P. S., Maras, B., Dominici, P., and Borri Voltattorni, C. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 23954-23959; Bertoldi, M., Dominici, P., Moore, P. S., Maras, B., and Borri Voltattorni, C. (1998) Biochemistry 37, 6552-6561), half-transamination and Pictet-Spengler reactions take place under anaerobic conditions. Moreover, we examined the reaction specificity of nicked Dopa decarboxylase, obtained by selective tryptic cleavage of the native enzyme between Lys334 and His335. Although this enzymatic species does not exhibit either decarboxylase or oxidative deamination activities, it retains a large percentage of the native transaminase activity toward D-aromatic amino acids and displays a slow transaminase activity toward aromatic amines. These transamination reactions occur concomitantly with the formation of cyclic coenzyme-substrate adducts. Together with additional data, we thus suggest that native Dopa decarboxylase can exist as an equilibrium among "open," "half-open," and "closed" forms. (+info)

Carbon 13 NMR study of nonenzymatic reactions of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate with selected amino acids and of related reactions. (3/1448)

Carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been used to monitor the nonenzymatic reactions of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate with glycine, alanine, valine, serine, and with several other model compounds. Isotopically enriched amino acids were employed so that low concentrations could be utilized while still allowing relatively rapid acquisition of spectral data. The results for alanine and serine are particularly noteworthy in that alanine is deaminated to pyruvate and pyruvate is aminated to alanine, but contrary to the enzymatic reactions of various serine dehydratases wherein serine is converted to pyruvate, the nonenzymatic reaction utilizing serine results in hydroxypruvate rather than pyruvate formation. In the reverse reaction, hydroxypyruvate is aminated to serine but very inefficiently relative to the amination of pyruvate to alanine. The experimental results have been formulated into a proposed reaction mechanism for deamination of amino acids by pyridoxal-P. (+info)

A prospective study on folate, B12, and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (B6) and breast cancer. (4/1448)

To investigate the incidence of breast cancer and prediagnostic serum levels of folate, B12, and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (B6), we conducted a nested case-control study using resources from the Washington County (Maryland) serum bank. In 1974, 12,450 serum specimens were donated, and in 1989, 14,625 plasma specimens were donated by female residents of Washington County. One hundred ninety-five incident breast cancer cases and 195 controls were matched by age, race, menopausal status at donation, and cohort participation as well as by date of blood donation. In both cohorts and all menopausal subgroups, median B12 concentrations were lower among cases than controls. Differences reached statistical significance only among women who were postmenopausal at donation (1974 cohort, 413 versus 482 pg/ml, P = 0.03; 1989 cohort, 406 versus 452 pg/ml, P = 0.02). Among women postmenopausal at blood donation, observed associations of B12 suggested a threshold effect with increased risk of breast cancer in the lowest one-fifth compared to the higher four-fifths of the control distribution [lowest versus highest fifth: 1974 cohort, matched odds ratio = 4.00 (95% confidence interval = 1.05-15.20); 1989 cohort, matched odds ratio = 2.25 (95% confidence interval = 0.86-5.91)]. We found no evidence for an association between folate, B6, and homocysteine and breast cancer. Findings suggested a threshold effect for serum B12 with an increased risk of breast cancer among postmenopausal women in the lowest one-fifth compared to the higher four-fifths of the control distribution. These results should stimulate further investigations of potentially modifiable risk factors, such as these B-vitamins, for prevention of breast cancer. (+info)

Serine transhydroxymethylase from rabbit liver. Sequence of anonapeptide at the pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-binding site. (5/1448)

The amino acid sequence of the coenzyme-binding site of serine transhydroxymethylase from rabbit liver has been determined. After reduction with NaBH4 and aminoethylation, a first sample of enzyme was digested with thermolysin and a single phosphopyridoxyl peptide was isolated. A second sample of similarly treated enzyme was digested with chymotrypsin and three phosphopyridoxyl peptides clearly originating from a unique coenzyme-binding site were isolated. Sequence analysis of these peptides indicate the following structure: Val-Val-Thr-Thr-His(Pxy)-Thr-Leu. Sequence homologies of the active site of various pyridoxalphosphate enzymes are discussed in terms of a possible catalytic role and of evolution of this class of proteins. (+info)

Effects of vasopressin on the sympathetic contraction of rabbit ear artery during cooling. (6/1448)

In order to analyse the effects of arginine-vasopressin on the vascular contraction to sympathetic nerve stimulation during cooling, the isometric response of isolated, 2-mm segments of the rabbit central ear (cutaneous) artery to electrical field stimulation (1-8 Hz) was recorded at 37 and 30 degrees C. Electrical stimulation (37 degrees C) produced frequency-dependent arterial contraction, which was reduced at 30 degrees C and potentiated by vasopressin (10 pM, 100 pM and 1 nM). This potentiation was greater at 30 than at 37 degrees C and was abolished at both temperatures by the antagonist of vasopressin V1 receptors d(CH2)5 Tyr(Me)AVP (100 nM). Desmopressin (1 microM) did not affect the response to electrical stimulation. At 37 degrees C, the vasopressin-induced potentiation was abolished by the purinoceptor antagonist PPADS (30 microM), increased by phentolamine (1 microM) or prazosin (1 microM) and not modified by yohimbine (1 microM), whilst at 30 degrees C, the potentiation was reduced by phentolamine, yohimbine or PPADS, and was not modified by prazosin. The Ca2+-channel blockers, verapamil (10 microM) and NiCl2 (1 mM), abolished the potentiating effects of vasopressin at 37 degrees C whilst verapamil reduced and NiCl2 abolished this potentiation at 30 degrees C. The inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis, L-NOARG (100 microM), or endothelium removal did not modify the potentiation by vasopressin at 37 and 30 degrees C. Vasopressin also increased the arterial contraction to the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist BHT-920 (10 microM) and to ATP (2 mM) at 30 and 37 degrees C, but it did not modify the contraction to noradrenaline (1 microM) at either temperature. These results suggest that in cutaneous (ear) arteries, vasopressin potentiaties sympathetic vasoconstriction to a greater extent at 30 than at 37 degrees C by activating vasopressin V1 receptors and Ca2+ channels at both temperatures. At 37 degrees C, the potentiation appears related to activation of the purinoceptor component and, at 30 degrees C, to activation of both purinoceptor and alpha2-adrenoceptor components of the sympathetic response. (+info)

Rat liver serine dehydratase. Bacterial expression and two folding domains as revealed by limited proteolysis. (7/1448)

A pCW vector harboring rat liver serine dehydratase cDNA was expressed in Escherichia coli. The expressed level was about 5-fold higher in E. coli BL21 than in JM109 cell extract; the former lacked two kinds of proteases. Immunoblot analysis revealed the occurrence of a derivative other than serine dehydratase in the JM109 cell extract. The recombinant enzyme was purified to homogeneity. Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease and trypsin cleaved the enzyme at Glu-206 and Lys-220, respectively, with a concomitant loss of enzyme activity. Spectrophotometrically, the nicked enzyme showed a approximately 50% reduced capacity for binding of the coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate and no spectral change of circular dichroism in the region at 300-480 nm, whereas circular dichroism spectra of both enzymes in the far-UV region were similar, suggesting that proteolysis impairs the coenzyme binding without an accompanying gross change of the secondary structure. Whereas the nicked enzyme behaved like the intact enzyme on Sephadex G-75 column chromatography, it was dissociated into two fragments on the column containing 6 M urea. Upon the removal of urea, both fragments spontaneously refolded. These results suggest that serine dehydratase consists of two folding domains connected by a region that is very susceptible to proteases. (+info)

Chemical modification of NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase from Cephalosporium acremonium evidence of essential histidine and lysine groups at the active site. (8/1448)

NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase from Cephalosporium acremonium CW-19 has been inactivated by diethyl pyrocarbonate following a first-order process giving a second-order rate constant of 3.0 m-1. s-1 at pH 6.5 and 25 degrees C. The pH-inactivation rate data indicated the participation of a group with a pK value of 6.9. Quantifying the increase in absorbance at 240 nm showed that six histidine residues per subunit were modified during total inactivation, only one of which was essential for catalysis, and substrate protection analysis would seem to indicate its location at the substrate binding site. The enzyme was not inactivated by 5, 5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoate), N-ethylmaleimide or iodoacetate, which would point to the absence of an essential reactive cysteine residue at the active site. Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate reversibly inactivated the enzyme at pH 7.7 and 5 degrees C, with enzyme activity declining to an equilibrium value within 15 min. The remaining activity depended on the modifier concentration up to about 2 mm. The kinetic analysis of inactivation and reactivation rate data is consistent with a reversible two-step inactivation mechanism with formation of a noncovalent enzyme-pyridoxal 5'-phosphate complex prior to Schiff base formation with a probable lysyl residue of the enzyme. The analysis of substrate protection shows the essential residue(s) to be at the active site of the enzyme and probably to be involved in catalysis. (+info)

"Pyridoxal phosphate". Pubchem. Retrieved 2018-03-09. Gillner DM, Becker DP, Holz RC (February 2013). "Lysine biosynthesis in ... It employs the cofactor pyridoxal phosphate, also known as PLP, which participates in numerous enzymatic transamination, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaminopimelate_decarboxylase

"Pyridoxal phosphate-dependent decarboxylase". InterPro. Toney MD (January 2005). "Reaction specificity in pyridoxal phosphate ... The enzyme employs a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) cofactor, in similarity to many amino acid decarboxylases. Eukaryotes, as ... Sandmeier E, Hale TI, Christen P (May 1994). "Multiple evolutionary origin of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent amino acid ... Fernandes HS, Ramos MJ, Cerqueira NM (July 2017). "The Catalytic Mechanism of the Pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-Dependent Enzyme, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histidine_decarboxylase

The enzyme belongs to the γ-family of PLP-dependent enzymes due to its use of a pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) cofactor to cleave ... Clausen T, Huber R, Laber B, Pohlenz HD, Messerschmidt A (September 1996). "Crystal structure of the pyridoxal-5'-phosphate ... John RA (April 1995). "Pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and ... Alexander FW, Sandmeier E, Mehta PK, Christen P (February 1994). "Evolutionary relationships among pyridoxal-5'-phosphate- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystathionine_beta-lyase

The process consumes a proton in the decarboxylation and employs a pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) cofactor, similar to other ... John RA (April 1995). "Pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and ... Toney MD (January 2005). "Reaction specificity in pyridoxal phosphate enzymes". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 433 (1 ... Eliot AC, Kirsch JF (2004). "Pyridoxal phosphate enzymes: mechanistic, structural, and evolutionary considerations". Annual ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arginine_decarboxylase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. As of late 2007, 6 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylornithine_transaminase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. HAYAISHI O, NISHIZUKA Y, TATIBANA M, TAKESHITA M, KUNO S (1961). "Enzymatic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-alanine—pyruvate_transaminase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. MEISTER A, FRASER PE (1954). "Enzymatic formation of L-asparagine by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asparagine—oxo-acid_transaminase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. As of late 2007, 11 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosylmethionine—8-amino-7-oxononanoate_transaminase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. Forchhammer K, Bock A (1991). "Selenocysteine synthase from Escherichia coli. ... phosphate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are L-seryl-tRNASec and selenophosphate, whereas its two products are L- ... selenocysteinyl-tRNASec and phosphate. This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-seryl-tRNASec_selenium_transferase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. As of late 2007, 5 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threonine_aldolase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. Ichihara A, Ichihara EA, Suda M (1960). "Metabolism of L-lysine by bacterial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5-aminovalerate_transaminase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. As of late 2007, 8 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-amino-acid_transaminase

... pyridoxal phosphate. McCullough WG, Piligian JT, Daniel IJ (1957). "Enzymatic decarboxylation of three aminobenzoates". J. Am. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminobenzoate_decarboxylase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. Peterkofsky B, Gilvarg C (May 1961). "N-Succinyl-L-diaminopimelic-glutamic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Succinyldiaminopimelate_transaminase

... pyridoxal phosphate. Nagasawa T, Ishii T, Yamada H (1988). "Physiological comparison of D-cysteine desulfhydrase of Escherichia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-chloro-D-alanine_dehydrochlorinase

The PLP (pyridoxal 5′-phosphate)-dependent serine C-palmitoyltransferase carries out the first enzymatic step of de novo ... It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those ... Eliot AC, Kirsch JF (2004). "Pyridoxal phosphate enzymes: mechanistic, structural, and evolutionary considerations". Annual ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serine_C-palmitoyltransferase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. Lovenberg W, Weissbach H, Udenfriend S (1962). "Aromatic L-amino acid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylalanine_decarboxylase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. Yorifuji T, Ogata K, Soda K (1969). "Crystalline arginine racemase". Biochem. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arginine_racemase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. Matsuhashi M, Strominger JL (1966). "Thymidine diphosphate 4-acetamido-2,6- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose_transaminase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. Walker JB, Walker MS (1969). "Streptomycin biosynthesis. Transamination reactions ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamine—scyllo-inositol_transaminase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. Gibson KD, Matthew M, Neuberger A (1961). "Biosynthesis of porphyrins and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminolevulinate_transaminase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. As of late 2007, 5 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino-acid_racemase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. Toyama S, Misono H, Soda K (1972). "Crystalline taurine: -ketoglutarate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taurine—2-oxoglutarate_transaminase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. As of late 2007, 5 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosine_phenol-lyase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. As of late 2007, only one structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-aminoadipate_transaminase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. Kallio RE (September 1951). "Function of pyridoxal phosphate in desulfhydrase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homocysteine_desulfhydrase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. Sutton CR, King HK (February 1962). "Inhibition of leucine decarboxylase by thiol ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valine_decarboxylase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. Soffer RL, Hechtman P, Savage M (1973). "L-Triiodothyronine aminotransferase". J ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid-hormone_transaminase

... pyridoxal phosphate. Dunnill PM, Fowden L (1963). "The biosynthesis of beta-pyrazol-1-ylalanine". J. Exp. Bot. 14: 237-248. doi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrazolylalanine_synthase

It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. Dupourque D, Newton WA, Snell EE (1966). "Purification and properties of D-serine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-serine_ammonia-lyase

Pyridoxal → Pyridoxal Phosphate) • Vitamin B9 (Folic Acid → Tetrahydrofolic Acid) • Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) • Zinc (Zn2+) ...

https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/டோம்பரிடோன்

... has a pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, derived from Vitamin B6) at each catalytic site. Pyridoxal phosphate ... the phosphate group on the PLP readily donates a proton to an inorganic phosphate molecule, allowing the inorganic phosphate to ... Palm D, Klein HW, Schinzel R, Buehner M, Helmreich, EJ (February 1990). "The role of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate in glycogen ... Livanova NB, Chebotareva NA, Eronina TB, Kurganov BI (May 2002). "Pyridoxal 5′_Phosphate as a Catalytic and Conformational ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycogen_phosphorylase

... removes the final phosphate leading to d-glucuronic acid. The aldehyde group of this compound is reduced to a primary alcohol ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-ascorbic_acid

Affinity labeling of an active site lysine by pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and pyridoxal 5'-diphospho-5'-adenosine". The Journal of ... It is a reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-dependent enzyme catalyzing the reduction of various ... It is a reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-dependent enzyme catalyzing the reduction of various ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AKR1B1

FAD is required for the production of pyridoxic acid from pyridoxal (vitamin B6) by pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase ... The primary coenzyme form of vitamin B6 (pyridoxal phosphate) is FMN dependent ... Glutathione reductase is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and FAD-dependent enzyme, and the major ... phosphate (E101a), a more soluble form of riboflavin. Riboflavin is also used as a food coloring and as such is designated in ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin

Piridoxal fosfat]] ,ref,{{cite journal ,author=Eliot AC, Kirsch JF ,title=Pyridoxal phosphate enzymes: mechanistic, structural ...

https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Especial:MobileDiff/11129997

Pyridoxal phosphate. GS. *2-Aminoadipic acid. *JFD01307SC. *Methionine sulfoximine. *Phosphinothricin (glufosinate). GAD. *3- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-theanine

Opinion on Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate as a source for vitamin B6 added for nutritional purposes in food supplements, The EFSA ...

https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitamine_B6

Methylenetetrahydrofolate donates the C1 center required for the biosynthesis of dTMP (2′-deoxythymidine-5′-phosphate) from ... dUMP (2′-deoxyuridine-5′-phosphate). The conversion is catalyzed by thymidylate synthase. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_b9

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate synthase Ja 1.4.3.13 protein-lysine 6-oxidase Ja ...

https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidoreductase

Pyridoxine#, Pyridoxal phosphate. *Pyridoxamine. *Pyritinol. *B7 *Biotin. *B9 *Folic acid ...

https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/টেমপ্লেট:ভিটামিন

Both GAD67 and GAD65 are also regulated post-translationally by Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP); GAD is activated when bound to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAD_antibodies

Pyridoxine#, Pyridoxal phosphate. *Pyridoxamine. *Pyritinol. *B7 *Biotin. *B9 *Folic acid# ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N5,N10-methylene_tetrahydrofolate

Magnesium pyridoxal 5-phosphate glutamate. *Meglutol. *Mipomersen. *Omega-3-triglycerides. *Policosanol. *Probucol ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torcetrapib

A decarboxylase with cofactor pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) removes CO2 from 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan to produce 5-hydroxytryptamine. ... This intermediate (5-HTP) is decarboxylated by pyridoxal phosphate and 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase to produce serotonin. ... In these cells, synthesis starts with D-erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate, and in photosynthetic cells with carbon ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melatonin

Pyridoxal (PL). *Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP), the metabolically active form (sold as P-5-P vitamin supplement)[citation needed ... The absorption of pyridoxal phosphate and pyridoxamine phosphate involves their dephosphorylation catalyzed by a membrane-bound ... by a pyridoxal kinase) in the jejunal mucosa. The trapped pyridoxine and pyridoxamine are oxidized to pyridoxal phosphate in ... Its active form, pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, serves as a coenzyme in some 100 enzyme reactions in amino acid, glucose, and lipid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B6

Pyridoxine#, Pyridoxal phosphate. *Pyridoxamine. *Pyritinol. *B7 *Biotin. *B9 *Folic acid# ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-Tocopherol

Pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine. The active form pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) (depicted) serves as a cofactor in many ... Pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine. A coenzyme in many enzymatic reactions in metabolism. Vitamin B7. Biotin. A coenzyme for ... Pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine. Vitamin B6 deficiency causes seborrhoeic dermatitis-like eruptions, pink eye and ... Vitamin B14: cell proliferant, anti-anemia, rat growth factor, and antitumor pterin phosphate, named by Earl R. Norris. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B

Pyridoxine#, Pyridoxal phosphate. *Pyridoxamine. *Pyritinol. *B7 *Biotin. *B9 *Folic acid# ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholecalciferol

Pyridoxine#, Pyridoxal phosphate. *Pyridoxamine. *Pyritinol. *B7 *Biotin. *B9 *Folic acid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehydroascorbic_acid

Pyridoxal → Pyridoxal phosphate) • Vitamin B9 (Folic Acid → Tetrahydrofolic acid) • Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) • Zinc (Zn2+) ...

https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/साँचा:Serotonergics

... carbamoyl phosphate, glucosamine-6-phosphate, cytidine triphosphate (CTP), and adenosine monophosphate (AMP).[5][8][26] Other ... γ-glutamyl phosphate, which reacts with ammonia, forming glutamine and inorganic phosphate. ADP and Pi do not dissociate until ... Glutamine is formed if an ammonium ion attacks the acyl-phosphate intermediate, while glutamate is remade if water attacks the ... Ammonium binds strongly to GS only if the acyl-phosphate intermediate is present. Ammonium, rather than ammonia, binds to GS ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamine_synthetase

... in which pyridoxal phosphate is a cofactor. In this reaction the glutamate is converted into alpha-ketoglutarate, which is a ... In the liver the glycerol can be converted into glucose via dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate by way of ... It is produced largely via the pentose phosphate pathway in the cytoplasm. The depletion of NADPH results in increased ... and inorganic phosphate (Pi) into one equivalent of guanosine triphosphate (GTP). The NADH and FADH2 generated by the citric ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citric_acid_cycle

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxol, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine) as pyridoxal 5′-phosphate is a cofactor for many enzymes especially ... aromatic amino acids and phenylpropanoids Mevalonate pathway and methyletrythritol phosphate pathway → terpenoids and steroids ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_product

GABA is primarily synthesized from glutamate via the enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) with pyridoxal phosphate (the active ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-Aminobutyric_acid

... the enzyme serine hydroxymethyltransferase catalyses this transformation via the cofactor pyridoxal phosphate:[26] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycine

Pyridoxine#, Pyridoxal phosphate. *Pyridoxamine. *Pyritinol. *B7 *Biotin. *B9 *Folic acid ...

https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitamina_C

The racemization of L-Ala to D-Ala is pyridoxal phosphate-dependent. The formation of butenyl-methyl-L-threonine is performed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciclosporin

C10AX07 Magnesium pyridoxal 5-phosphate glutamate. C10AX08 Policosanol. C10AX09 Ezetimibe. C10AX10 Alipogene tiparvovec. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATC_code_C10

Two were treated with pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate (PLP) within the first month of life and showed normal development or moderate ... Two were treated with pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate (PLP) within the first month of life and showed normal development or moderate ... Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate may be curative in early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease, 30(1): ... Six children with pyridox(am)ine‐5′‐phosphate oxidase (PNPO) deficiency presented with neonatal epileptic encephalopathy. ...

https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/181041/

Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate is vitamin B6 in its most biologically active form. It is also known as P-5-P. Vitamin B6 has many ... Nutri Advanced Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate. Sale price Price €15,09 Regular price Unit price / per ... Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate is vitamin B6 in its most biologically active form. It is also known as P-5-P. Vitamin B6 has many ...

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Phosphate) , 25 mg Active Vitamin B6 Supplement , 100 Vegetarian Capsules securely online today at a great price. Seeking ... EVERY BOTTLE CONTAINS 100 capsules of pyridoxal-5 -phosphate to help stimulate healthy mental and physical energy, memory ... Seeking Health , P-5-P (pyridoxal 5-Phosphate) , 25 mg Active Vitamin B6 Supplement , 100 Vegetarian Capsules. ...

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Pyridoxal 5 Phosphate (activated B6). 25 mg. *. Benfotiamine (as BenfoPure). 150 mg. * ...

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It s well worth trialing pyridoxal-5-phosphate whi... susie21 4 years ago 1,823 * Absolutely correct, I agree. Now, lets also ...

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It s well worth trialing pyridoxal-5-phosphate whi... susie21 4 years ago 1,823 * Absolutely correct, I agree. Now, lets also ...

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Pyridoxal 5-phosphate monohydrate (Vitamin B6). 15 mg. Chromic chloride hexahydrate. 1.1 mg. ... Excipients: Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, Citric acid, Colloidal anhydrous silica, Croscarmellose sodium, Crospovidone ...

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Vitamin B6 (as pyridoxal 5′- phosphate). 2.5 mg. 125%. Folate (as (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid) (equivalent to 205 mcg of ...

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Smooth Mag Complex with MAGNIFOOD blend including Avena Sativa & Montmorency Cherry with Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate. ... Smooth Mag Complex with MAGNIFOOD blend including Avena Sativa & Montmorency Cherry with Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate. ...

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Vitamin B6 Phosphate (Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate) 6.17mg; Vitamin B12 mecobalamin (co-methylcobalamin) 200ug. No gluten. ... Riboflavin Sodium Phosphate) 15.75mg; Vitamin B3 (Nicotinamide) 150mg; Vitamin B5 (Calcium Pantothenate) 46mg; ...

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BIOCOENZYMATED PYRIDOXAL 5-PHOSPHATE 30 Vegicap $10.48. Sale: $8.98. Add to cart ...

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Vitamin B6 (as pyridoxal-5-phosphate), folate (as calcium folinate) and vitamin B12 (as hydroxocobalamin).. Non-Medicinal ...

https://purepharmacy.com/collections/biotics

... homocysteine to cystathionine in the transsulfuration pathway of the methionine cycle and requires pyridoxal 5-phosphate as a ...

https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Expert=394

... as Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate), Vitamin B12 (as Methylcobalamin).. WARNING: Contains 80 mg caffeine per serving. This product is not ...

https://www.feedthemachine.com/product/590/nuun-energy-1-tube-10-tablets

Riboflavin is a water-soluble B vitamin (vitamin B2) which is involved in vital metabolic processes in the body and necessary for normal cell function, growth, and energy production. Riboflavin is needed for processes involved with activation of energy production, vascular health, and healthy blood cell development. De

https://lifesolutionsnp.com/products/vitamin-b2

Serine hydroxymethyltransferase is a pyridoxal-phosphate containing enzyme. The pyridoxal-P group is attached to a lysine ... SHMT, PS00096; Serine hydroxymethyltransferase pyridoxal-phosphate attachment site (PATTERN). * Consensus pattern:. [DEQHY]-[ ... K is the pyridoxal-P attachment site. * Sequences in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot known to belong to this class: 835 * detected by ...

https://prosite.expasy.org/PDOC00090

Seeking Health , P-5-P (pyridoxal 5-Phosphate) , 25 mg Active Vitamin B6 Supplement , 100 Vegetarian Capsules. Pin ... Seeking Health , P-5-P (pyridoxal 5-Phosphate) , 25 mg Active Vitamin B6 Supplement , 100 Vegetarian Capsules ... Seeking Health , P-5-P (pyridoxal 5-Phosphate) , 25 mg Active Vitamin B6 Supplement , 100 Vegetarian Capsules ... Seeking Health , P-5-P (pyridoxal 5-Phosphate) , 25 mg Active Vitamin B6 Supplement , ... ...

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Active B6 Pyridoxal (formerly Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate) $21.66 Active B6 Pyridoxal (formerly Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate). Size. 60 ...

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B6 - Pyridoxal 5`- Phosphate - Thorne Research - 1.... Thorne Research. R$478,00 ...

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P-5-P (Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate) - 100 Capsules , Seeking Health. £14.95 * Alpha R Lipoic Acid 100mg , 60 vCapsules , Seeking ...

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L-Methyl Folate + Methylcobalamin + Pyridoxal 5 Phosphate with DHA. Bioshine Healthcare Pvt Ltd #B - 4 / 41-B, Model Colony, ...

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L-Methyl Folate + Methylcobalamin + Pyridoxal 5 Phosphate with DHA. Bioshine Healthcare Pvt Ltd #B - 4 / 41-B, Model Colony, ...

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L-Methyl Folate + Methylcobalamin + Pyridoxal 5 Phosphate with DHA. Bioshine Healthcare Pvt Ltd #B - 4 / 41-B, Model Colony, ...

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Vitamin B6 (as pyridoxal-5-phosphate). 10 mg. 588%. Pantothenic Acid (as d-calcium pantothenate). 100 mg. 2,000%. ...

https://secure.endfatigue.com/store/products/supplements/adrenaplex

Pyridoxal phosphate. *Thiamine Pyrophosphate. *Lipoid acid. *Coenzyme A. *The rate of respiration undergoes a sharp rise ... RuBP is a 4-carbon sugar phosphate while PEP is a phosphorylated 3-carbon organic acid ...

https://www.examrace.com/SPSC/Punjab-PSC/PPSC-MCQs/Botany-Questions/Botany-MCQs-Practice-Test-6.html

Pyridoxal 5-phosphate ... 10mg (enzymatic form of vitamin B6). Biotin ... 100mcg. Manganese ... 3mg. (as Magnesium glycinate). ...

https://abebox.com/lidtke-technologies-glycotrol-complete-50-capsules.html

Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate. Vitamin B6. 257 %. 3.6 mg. Black pepper extract. BEYUNA MULTI ...

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... pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP) plays a crucial role in breaking down sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a chemotactic lipid [12]. ... scientists believe that neurological dysfunction like epilepsy can be caused by a deficiency in pyridoxal phosphate (P5P), a ... Pyridoxamine 5` phosphate. Because of the crucial role vitamin B6 plays in major bodily functions, consuming pyridoxine through ...

https://naturallydaily.com/benefits-of-vitamin-b6/

Pyridoxal-5-phosphate. *Riboflavin. *Curcumin. *Mixed tocopherals (vitamin E). *Silymarin (Milk Thistle) ...

https://www.treeoflifemedical.net/blog-posts/a-little-more-about-mthfr-c677t-mutation

Pyridoxal 5 phosphate. * Turkey Tail. *Lions Mane. *Phosphatidylserine. *Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid ...

https://fullscript.com/blog/complementary-natural-breast-cancer-care

Pyridoxal phosphate is a cofactor of aromatic L-amino acids decarboxylase. (wikipedia.org)
Pyridoxal phosphate is a cofactor of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). (wikipedia.org)
Pyridoxal phosphate also participates in the oxidative deamination of GABA, where it is a cofactor of GABA aminotransferase. (wikipedia.org)
Pyridoxal phosphate is a cofactor of ornithine carboxylase. (wikipedia.org)
The pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) cofactor lies in and above the barrel mouth and is covalently linked via an aldimine linkage to Lys39. (ebi.ac.uk)
Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) aids in carbohydrate and fat metabolism by serving as a cofactor. (sigmaaldrich.com)
This protein is involved in the pathway pyridoxal 5'-phosphate biosynthesis, which is part of Cofactor biosynthesis. (uniprot.org)
View all proteins of this organism that are known to be involved in the pathway pyridoxal 5'-phosphate biosynthesis and in Cofactor biosynthesis . (uniprot.org)
A limiting factor in the depletion of plasma tyrosine following tyrosine phenol-lyase injection into normal mice was found to be the availability of an essential cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. (aacrjournals.org)
Because of the extremely short half-life of this cofactor, adequate elevation of circulating cofactor levels for prolonged periods by injection of a pyridoxal phosphate solution was not practical. (aacrjournals.org)
5. The β subform had approximately half the specific enzyme activity of the α subform, and contained an average of one active pyridoxal 5′-phosphate molecule per molecule, which could be removed by glutamate, and another inactive cofactor which could only be removed with NaOH. (biochemj.org)
6. On recombination with pyridoxal 5′-phosphate the protein fluorescence of the apo-(β subform) decreased linearly, showing that each dimeric enzyme molecule contained one active and one inactive bound cofactor. (biochemj.org)
Circulating half-life of PEGylated recombinant methioninase holoenzyme is highly dose dependent on cofactor pyridoxal-5'-phosphate. (semanticscholar.org)
Intracellular trafficking of the pyridoxal cofactor. (diff.org)
The importance of the vitamin B6-derived pyridoxal cofactor for human health has been established through more than 70 years of intensive biochemical research, revealing its fundamental roles in metabolism. (diff.org)
Hereditary disorders of B6 processing are also known, and genetic defects in pathways involved in transport of B6 into the cell and its transformation to the pyridoxal-5'-phosphate enzyme cofactor can contribute to cardiovascular disease by interfering with homocysteine metabolism and the biosynthesis of vasomodulatory polyamines. (diff.org)
The Mtm1p carrier and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate cofactor trafficking in yeast mitochondria. (diff.org)
High affinity, stoichiometric pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) cofactor binding was characterized by fluorescence titration and calorimetry, and the biochemical effects of mtm1 gene deletion on yeast mitochondria were investigated. (diff.org)
Enzymes that use the cofactor pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) constitute a ubiquitous class of biocatalysts. (mysciencework.com)

Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, P5P), the active form of vitamin B6, is a coenzyme in a variety of enzymatic reactions. (wikipedia.org)
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) is a versatile catalyst, acting as a coenzyme in a multitude of reactions, including decarboxylation, deamination and transamination [ PMID: 8690703 , PMID: 7748903 , PMID: 15189147 ]. (ebi.ac.uk)
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (P-5-P) is the coenzyme form of vitamin B6. (naturalfactors.com)
Inasmuch as acetaldehyde has no effect on the synthesis of pyridoxal phosphate, it has also been postulated that acetaldehyde accelerates pyridoxal phosphate degradation by displacing this coenzyme from binding proteins, which protect it against hydrolysis. (jci.org)
These observations support the hypothesis that the deleterious effect of ethanol oxidation on pyridoxal phosphate metabolism is mediated at least in part by acetaldehyde which displaces this coenzyme from protein binding, thereby enhancing its degradation. (jci.org)
By inhibiting AGE formation and working as a coenzyme in chemical reactions, pyridoxal 5 phosphate can support healthy nerve, eye, cardiovascular and kidney function. (healthy.co.nz)
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (P5P) is the active coenzyme form of vitamin B 6 , involved in amino acid metabolism and numerous other enzymatic reactions in the human body. (mannatechscience.org)
FUNCTIONS Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate (P5P) is the metabolically active coenzyme of Vitamin B6. (supervits.com)
In Escherichia coli, the coenzyme pyridoxal 5'-phosphate is synthesized de novo by a pathway that involves EC 1.2.1.72 (erythrose-4-phosphate dehydrogenase), EC 1.1.1.290 (4-phosphoerythronate dehydrogenase), EC 2.6.1.52 (phosphoserine transaminase), EC 1.1.1.262 (4-hydroxythreonine-4-phosphate dehydrogenase), EC 2.6.99.2 (pyridoxine 5'-phosphate synthase) and EC 1.4.3.5 (with pyridoxine 5'-phosphate as substrate). (creative-enzymes.com)
PYRIDOXAL 5-PHOSPHATE MONO is an enzyme prosthetic group which exhibits coenzyme property. (transchem.com.au)
The product contains a combination of the active coenzyme form of vitamin B6 - pyridoxal-5-phosphate - and magnesium. (dim-support.com)
The metabolically active coenzyme form of vitamin B6 is pyridoxal 5'- phosphate (P5P).1 B6 vitamers are first oxidized to pyridoxal, and rapidly phosphorylated to P5P in the liver.2 P5P is the main circulating form exported from the liver and is considered the most relevant direct measure of vitamin B6 status. (foundationalmedicinereview.com)

The pyridoxal-5′-phosphate-dependent enzymes (PLP enzymes) catalyze myriad reactions. (wikipedia.org)
Pyridoxal enzymes: mechanistic diversity and uniformity. (ebi.ac.uk)
Pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes. (ebi.ac.uk)
Pyridoxal phosphate enzymes: mechanistic, structural, and evolutionary considerations. (ebi.ac.uk)
Exploring the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent enzymes. (ebi.ac.uk)
Reaction specificity in pyridoxal phosphate enzymes. (ebi.ac.uk)
Hence, no actual examples of non-stereospecific α-amino acid decarboxylation by pyridoxal enzymes exist. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
BACKGROUND: The pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent or vitamin B6-dependent enzymes that catalyze manifold reactions in the metabolism of amino acids belong to no fewer than four evolutionarily independent protein families. (uzh.ch)
In the DOXP-dependent first route, the PLP precursor pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP) is produced from 4-phosphohydroxyl-L-threonine (4PHT) and 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate (DOXP) by the actions of the enzymes PdxA and PdxJ. (llamp.net)
The presence of these two enzymes in C. muris suggests that they can salvage pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine and can interconvert them to the active PLP. (llamp.net)

The two pathways inlcude pyridoxal phosphate biosynthetic protein (PdxA)- pyridoxine-5′-phosphate synthase (PdxJ) pathway and the pyridoxal 5′-phosphate synthase subunit PDX1/PDX2 pathway. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Inadequate levels of pyridoxal phosphate in the brain can cause neurological dysfunction, particularly epilepsy [ PMID: 16763894 ]. (ebi.ac.uk)

In equilibrium dialysis experiments, acetaldehyde, 7.5 and 15 mM, displaced protein-bound pyridoxal phosphate in undialyzed hepatic cytosol and in hemolysate supernate containing added pyridoxal phosphate. (jci.org)
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-binding protein, which may be involved in intracellular homeostatic regulation of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), the active form of vitamin B6. (nih.gov)
This gene encodes a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate binding protein involved in the homeostatic regulation of intracellular pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. (nih.gov)
Most of these mutations change one protein building block (amino acid) in the pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase enzyme, impairing its normal function. (medlineplus.gov)

One bottle of Nutri West's Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate contains 90 tablets‚ which should last for about three months. (pureformulas.com)
Start taking P-5-P (Pyridoxal-5'-Phosphate) Tablets from Country Life® and support your energy production and nervous health. (pureformulas.com)
Solgar P-5-P tablets are tableted with these natural ingredients: dicalcium phosphate, methacrylic acid, vegetable cellulose, vegetable magnesium stearate, titanium dioxide, glyceryl triacetate, vegetable glycerin. (health4youonline.com)

However, this enzyme does not exploit the reactive aldehyde group, but instead utilizes the phosphate group on PLP to perform its reaction. (wikipedia.org)
The PNPO gene provides instructions for producing an enzyme called pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase. (medlineplus.gov)
This enzyme is involved in the conversion (metabolism) of vitamin B6 derived from food (in the form of pyridoxine and pyridoxamine) to the active form of vitamin B6 called pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP). (medlineplus.gov)
PNPO gene mutations result in a pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase enzyme that is unable to metabolize pyridoxine and pyridoxamine, leading to a deficiency of PLP. (medlineplus.gov)
Recent topics in pyridoxal 5'-phosphate enzyme studies. (ebi.ac.uk)
Can also use ribulose 5-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate as substrates, resulting from enzyme-catalyzed isomerization of RBP and G3P, respectively. (uniprot.org)
1 Dysfunction of this enzyme interferes with lysine degradation and leads to accumulation of a carboxylate product that irreversibly inactivates pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP), the biologically active form of vitamin B 6 . (neurology.org)
The key ingredient in Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate by Douglas Labs is a co-enzyme form of Vitamin B-6, providing natural support for alleviating nausea, morning sickness and PMS in addition to helping facilitate weight loss. (blueskyvitamin.com)
Accurate measurements of serum aminotransferase (ALT) activity in dogs relies on the endogenous pro-enzyme pyridoxal 5-phosphate (P5P). (up.ac.za)
Cystathionine β‐synthase (CBS) is a unique heme‐ containing enzyme that catalyzes a pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate (PLP)‐dependent condensation of serine and homocysteine to give cystathionine. (embopress.org)
PNP can then be converted to PLP by the enzyme pyridoxal 5'-phosphate synthase (pyridoxamine/pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase). (llamp.net)
The pyridoxine, pyridoxamine and pyridoxal can be phosphorylated with the action of the enzyme pyridoxal kinase (PdxK) and the first two can be converted to the later by the action of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate synthase. (llamp.net)

Nutri Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate - Active Vitamin B6 Vitamin B6 presented in its most biologically active form, pyridoxal-5-phosphate. (worldwideshoppingmall.co.uk)
Vitamin B6 is rapidly converted in the body to its preferred, biologically active form of pyridoxal-5-phosphate. (bodykind.com)
Pyridoxal 5′-Phosphate is the biologically active form of Vitamin B6 which contributes to the reduction of tiredness, fatigue, and the regulation of hormonal activity. (health4all.co.uk)

Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent epilepsy is a condition that involves seizures beginning soon after birth or, in some cases, before birth. (medlineplus.gov)
Anticonvulsant drugs, which are usually given to control seizures, are ineffective in people with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent epilepsy. (medlineplus.gov)
Even though seizures can be controlled with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, neurological problems such as developmental delay and learning disorders may still occur. (medlineplus.gov)
It is not clear how the lack of PLP affects the brain and leads to the seizures that are characteristic of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent epilepsy. (medlineplus.gov)

Instead, individuals with this type of epilepsy are medically treated with large daily doses of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (a form of vitamin B6). (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in the PNPO gene cause pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent epilepsy. (medlineplus.gov)
To study the difference between pyridoxine (PN) and its active form, pyridoxal phosphate, (PLP) in control of idiopathic intractable epilepsy in children. (bmj.com)
Upon oral treatment with folinic acid the boy regained consciousness while the epilepsy could be successfully managed only with additional pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP). (uzh.ch)
At least 7 mutations in the PNPO gene have been found to cause pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent epilepsy. (medlineplus.gov)

Magnesium pyridoxal 5-phosphate glutamate (trade name Sedalipid) is a hypolipidemic agent. (wikipedia.org)
Bulking Agent (Cellulose), Capsule (hypromellose & Water), Vitamin B6 (as Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate), Anti-caking agents (Silica & Vegetable Magnesium Stearate). (bodykind.com)
VitaSprings does not imply any medical claims from the customer reviews on this P-5-P/Mag, Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate (B6) & Magnesium product on this website. (vitasprings.com)
Write a Review on this P-5-P/Mag, Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate (B6) & Magnesium product and share your experience or opinion with other customers. (vitasprings.com)
Buy P-5-P/Mag, Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate (B6) & Magnesium from EuroPharma, Terry Naturally at VitaSprings, and we guarantee you a safe, secure online shopping experience! (vitasprings.com)
Magnesium citrate buffered 30%, Pyridoxal 5′-Phosphate, Bulking agent: Microcrystalline cellulose, Vegetable capsule (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose). (health4all.co.uk)

Neonatal epileptic encephalopathy caused by mutations in the PNPO gene encoding pyridox(am)ine 5'-phosphate oxidase. (medlineplus.gov)
Because essentially all tissues have pyridoxal kinase, but few have significant amounts of the pyridoxine phosphate or pyridoxamine phosphate oxidase, it is thought that the liver is responsible for converting dietary PN and pyridoxamine to pyridoxal, and that other tissues take up pyridoxal from the circulation and convert it to PLP. (bmj.com)
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate is synthesized from pyridoxal, pyridoxine or pyridoxamine, in a series of reactions catalyzed by pyridoxal kinase and pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase. (diff.org)
Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase is active (expressed) in cells throughout the body, with the highest amounts found in the liver. (medlineplus.gov)
Genomic organization, tissue distribution and deletion mutation of human pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase. (medlineplus.gov)
Structure and properties of recombinant human pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase. (medlineplus.gov)

Clinical vitamin [B.sub.6] analysis: an interlaboratory comparison of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate measurements in serum. (thefreelibrary.com)

Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, also known as PLP or phosphopyridoxal, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyridoxals and derivatives. (hmdb.ca)
Pyridoxals and derivatives are compounds containing a pyridoxal moiety, which consists of a pyridine ring substituted at positions 2,3,4, and 5 by a methyl group, a hydroxyl group, a carbaldehyde group, and a hydroxymethyl group, respectively. (hmdb.ca)
belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyridoxals and derivatives. (hmdb.ca)
N4'-Substituted pyridoxamine derivatives are also oxidized in reaction (1) to form pyridoxal 5-phosphateand the corresponding primary amine. (creative-enzymes.com)
14, 15 Vitamin B 6 consists of three closely related pyrimidine derivatives: PN, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine and their respective 5′-phosphorylated esters. (bmj.com)
Vitamin B6 consists of three related pyrimidine vitamer derivatives: pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine, and their phosphate esters. (foundationalmedicinereview.com)

Natural Factors Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate is an innovative one-a-day formula featuring 50 mg of coenzymated vitamin B6 alongside Farm Fresh Factors bioactive blend of phytonutrients for active support of the nervous system and energy metabolism. (naturalfactors.com)
Previous studies in vivo and with isolated perfused rat livers have suggested that the deleterious effect of ethanol on hepatic pyridoxal 5′-phosphate metabolism is mediated by acetaldehyde. (jci.org)
In humans, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate is involved in glycine and serine metabolism. (hmdb.ca)
Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate by Douglas Labs is a dietary supplement designed to support the metabolism of amino acids and other nitrogen compounds. (blueskyvitamin.com)
This paper analyzes structural organization and pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) binding properties of Sc Alt1 and Sc Alt2 indicating functional diversification could have determined loss of Sc Alt2 alanine transaminase activity and thus its role in alanine metabolism. (frontiersin.org)

Human pyridoxal phosphatase. (uniprot.org)

Homogeneous, nonradioactive, enzymatic assay for plasma pyridoxal 5-phosphate. (semanticscholar.org)
In 2003-2004, plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) was performed using a homogeneous, enzymatic assay by A/C Diagnostics. (cdc.gov)

Metanx is a product containing l-methylfolate pyridoxal 5′-phosphate and methylcobalamin for management of endothelial dysfunction. (sauna-cezar.nl)

Each Tablet Supplies: Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate 25mg. (pureformulas.com)

On the other hand, the lowering of intracellular pH by organic phosphates accumulated in the cells was much larger with PLP than with 2,3-DPG. (nih.gov)
Pyridoxal-5-phosphate (MC-1), blocking purinergic receptors and intracellular influx of calcium, was shown to decrease the incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction in the prospective, randomized, double-blinded MC-1 to Eliminate Necrosis and Damage in CABG (MEND-CABG) clinical trial. (minervamedica.it)

Ingredients: Serving Size: 1 capsule Servings Per Container 60 Amount Per Serving and %Daily Value: Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate 50 mg * Daily Value not established. (betterlife.com)
Metanx is a prescription drug that contains three active ingredients L-methylfolate or Metafolin (vitamin B9) Methylcobalamin (vitamin B12) and Pyridoxal 5 -phosphate (vitamin B6). (sauna-cezar.nl)

After phosphorylation by pyridoxal kinase, pyridoxine phosphate and pyridoxamine phosphate are oxidised to pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), which is then bound by apoenzymes or released into plasma. (bmj.com)

Inactivation of brain myo-inositol monophosphate phosphatase by pyridoxal-5'-phosphate. (abcam.com)
In the presence of alkaline phosphatase, acetaldehyde accelerated the degradation of pyridoxal phosphate in dialyzed hemolysate supernate and hepatic cytosol with added pyridoxal phosphate. (jci.org)

Pyridoxal phosphate is the active form of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine or pyridoxal). (ebi.ac.uk)
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (P5P) is an active form of vitamin B6 that is easily used by the body without first requiring conversion by the liver. (naturalfactors.com)
Pyridoxal 5-phosphate is the metabolically active form of vitamin B6 that has been shown to protect living lipids and proteins against glycation reactions. (healthy.co.nz)
The active form of Vitamin B-6 is Pyridoxal-5-phosphate or P5P. (health4youonline.com)
INDICATIONS Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate may be a useful dietary supplement for individuals wishing to increase their intake of a metabolically active form of Vitamin B6. (supervits.com)
Many of us with a Morton's Toe (i.e. 2nd toe longer than our great toe cannot convert normal B6 found in food to the active form known as Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate or P5P). (fordrx.com)
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) is the active form of vitamin B6, whereas pyridoxamine, pyridoxal and pyridoxine and their phosphate esters form the vitamin B6 complex. (llamp.net)

D-ribose 5-phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + L-glutamine = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + L-glutamate + 3 H 2 O + phosphate. (uniprot.org)
Catalyzes the formation of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate from ribose 5-phosphate (RBP), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) and ammonia. (uniprot.org)
In the DOXP-independent second route, PLP synthesis is catalysed by the actions of Pdx1 and Pdx2 with glutamine, ribulose 5-phosphate (or ribose 5-phosphate) and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (or glycerone phosphate) as substrates [ 1 ]. (llamp.net)

The body must convert B6 vitamins to pyridoxal, and then phosphorylate them to P5P in the liver. (supervits.com)

A repository dosage form was devised that consisted of an s.c. implant of pyridoxal phosphate suspended in a spermaceti and peanut oil mixture. (aacrjournals.org)
Life Extension Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate - P-5-P Advanced form of Vitamin B6. (healthy.co.nz)
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (P5P) is a form of vitamin B6. (healthy.co.nz)
However, the good news is that another form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (a different B6 vitamer), offers anti-glycation benefits that scientific studies suggest may have similar properties as pyridoxamine plus better inhibitory effects against lipid glycation. (healthy.co.nz)
If you are treating an illness which responds to pyridoxine, e.g. the carpal tunnel syndrome, use the activated form of pyridoxine: pyridoxal-5-phosphate. (medical-library.net)
Supplementing with Thorne's Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate ensures you receive the most bioactive form of vitamin B6. (drscottmonk.com)
Feb 01 2011 · Metanx is a prescription medical food containing 3 active components (L-methylfolate Methylcobalamin and Pyridoxal 5 -phosphate) L-methylfolateactive form of folate recognized by the cell. (sauna-cezar.nl)
What is P-5-P Powder (Vitamin b6) Pyridoxal 5′ phosphate (PLP), otherwise known as P5P, can be found in supplement form as an alternative to taking B6 (pyridoxine). (nootropicsource.com.au)
Specifically, it chemically modifies two forms of vitamin B6 derived from food (pyridoxine and pyridoxamine) to form pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP). (medlineplus.gov)

Douglas Labs Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate 60c provides 50 mg of Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate per each capsule. (integrativepsychiatry.net)
Each 1 Capsule provides: Vitamin B6 (as pyridoxal 5'-phosphate or P-5-P) 100 mg. (healthy.co.nz)

Pyridoxal phosphate-dependent neonatal epileptic encephalopathy. (medlineplus.gov)
A number of pyridoxal-dependent decarboxylases share regions of sequence similarity, particularly in the vicinity of a conserved lysine residue, which provides the attachment site for the pyridoxal-phosphate (PLP) group [ PMID: 8181483 , PMID: 2124279 ]. (ebi.ac.uk)
Multiple evolutionary origin of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent amino acid decarboxylases. (ebi.ac.uk)
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic pyridoxal-dependent decarboxylases are homologous. (ebi.ac.uk)
Alanine racemase catalyses the pyridoxal-dependent conversion of L-alanine into D-alanine, a key component of bacterial peptidoglycan [ PMID: 2197992 ]. (ebi.ac.uk)
Stereochemical studies of three pyridoxal phosphate dependent decarboxylases and serine hydroxymethyltransferase have allowed the dispositions of conjugate acids that operate at the C α and C-4'positions of intermediate quinoids to be determined. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
This model for the active site of a pyridoxal dependent decarboxylase was consistent with all available stereochemical and mechanistic data. (royalsocietypublishing.org)

Feb 01 2018 · Metanx (L-methylfolate calcium as Metafolin algae-S powder Schizochytrium pyridoxal-5 -phosphate and methylcobalamin) is a prescription medical food for use only under the supervision of a physician for the clinical dietary management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and is specially formulated to meet the distinctive nutritional requirements for this condition. (sauna-cezar.nl)
May 06 2020 · In a recent study 544 patients with diabetic neuropathy were given Metanx (L-methylfolate-methylcobalamin-pyridoxal-5-phosphate) to trial for over a year. (sauna-cezar.nl)

Pyridoxal phosphate takes part in decomposition and synthesis of amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
In this study, we describe the discovery of three serendipitous pathways that allow synthesis of pyridoxal‐5′‐phosphate (PLP) in a strain of E. coli that lacks 4‐phosphoerythronate (4PE) dehydrogenase (PdxB) when one of seven different genes is overexpressed. (embopress.org)

Catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamine to glutamate and ammonia as part of the biosynthesis of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. (uniprot.org)

The kinetics of inhibition were mixed competitive-noncompetitive with respect to pyridoxal phosphate. (jci.org)

In these reactions, the PLP reacts with glutamate, which transfers its alpha-amino group to PLP to make pyridoxamine phosphate (PMP). (wikipedia.org)
During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE). (harvard.edu)

This seizure-like swimming pattern was alleviated by the addition of either pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) or GABA and responded quickly to the anti-convulsing activity of gabapentin and phenytoin, two commonly prescribed anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs). (biologists.org)

I use Pyridoxal 5 Phosphate by Nutri West occasionally in the morning for stuffi. (pureformulas.com)
Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate by Nutri West provides you with a healthy dose of vitamin B6 that's easy for your body to absorb. (pureformulas.com)

Physical and enzymological interaction of Bacillus subtilis proteins required for de novo pyridoxal 5? (sigmaaldrich.com)

Ethanol oxidation lowered the pyridoxal phosphate content of isolated liver cells when acetaldehyde oxidation was inhibited by either disulfiram or prior treatment of rats with cyanamide. (jci.org)
Additions of 7.5 mM acetaldehyde alone at 40-min intervals to cell suspensions decreased hepatic pyridoxal phosphate content only slightly because acetaldehyde was rapidly metabolized. (jci.org)
However, when acetaldehyde oxidation and reduction were inhibited by cyanamide treatment and by 4-methyl-pyrazole and isobutyramide, respectively, a 40% decrease in hepatic pyridoxal phosphate content was observed in 80 min of incubation. (jci.org)

Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate is considered a particularly useful nutrient supplement, because all other forms of vitamin B 6 must be converted to P5P in the liver before they are considered active. (mannatechscience.org)
But in order for pyridoxine to be used by the body it must first be converted to pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (P5P), a process that takes place in the liver. (drscottmonk.com)

Anatomy2

Organisms3

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs77

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment13

Phenomena and Processes16

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Update on interconversions of vitamin B-6 with its coenzyme. (1/1448)

Reaction specificity of native and nicked 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine decarboxylase. (2/1448)

Carbon 13 NMR study of nonenzymatic reactions of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate with selected amino acids and of related reactions. (3/1448)

A prospective study on folate, B12, and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (B6) and breast cancer. (4/1448)

Serine transhydroxymethylase from rabbit liver. Sequence of anonapeptide at the pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-binding site. (5/1448)

Effects of vasopressin on the sympathetic contraction of rabbit ear artery during cooling. (6/1448)

Rat liver serine dehydratase. Bacterial expression and two folding domains as revealed by limited proteolysis. (7/1448)

Chemical modification of NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase from Cephalosporium acremonium evidence of essential histidine and lysine groups at the active site. (8/1448)

Pyridoxal Phosphate

Pyridoxal

Pyridoxal Kinase

Pyridoxine

Pyridoxamine

Phosphates

Vitamin B 6 Deficiency

Borohydrides

Transaminases

Tryptophan Synthase

Aspartate Aminotransferases

Apoenzymes

Pyridoxaminephosphate Oxidase

Vitamin B 6

Lyases

Kinetics

Glycine Hydroxymethyltransferase

Schiff Bases

Phosphorylases

D-Alanine Transaminase

Pyridoxic Acid

L-Serine Dehydratase

Tyrosine Phenol-Lyase

Spectrophotometry

Carboxy-Lyases

Ornithine-Oxo-Acid Transaminase

Binding Sites

Semicarbazides

Imines

Escherichia coli

Calcium Phosphates

Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet

Tyrosine Decarboxylase

Hydrogen-Ion Concentration

Glucose-6-Phosphate

Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases

Aldehydes

Sugar Phosphates

Hemoglobin C Disease

Tryptophanase

Lysine

Phosphorylase b

Pimelic Acids

Cysteine Synthase

Cystathionine beta-Synthase

Substrate Specificity

5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase

Plants, Edible

Amino Acid Sequence

Amino Acids

Molecular Sequence Data

Coenzymes

Anemia, Sideroblastic

Skin Cream

Erythrocytes

Dimercaprol

4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase

Dialysis

Aminooxyacetic Acid

Catalysis

Protein Binding

Tyrosine Transaminase

Chemistry

Borates

Chemical Phenomena

PQQ Cofactor

Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate

Threonine Dehydratase

Inositol Phosphates

Hydroxylamines

Liver

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Transferases

Molecular Weight

Protein Conformation

Alanine Transaminase

Adenosine Triphosphate

Serine

Spectrometry, Fluorescence

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid