Benzo(a)pyrene
7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide
Benzopyrenes
Dihydroxydihydrobenzopyrenes
Benzopyrene Hydroxylase
Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic
A major group of unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons containing two or more rings. The vast number of compounds of this important group, derived chiefly from petroleum and coal tar, are rather highly reactive and chemically versatile. The name is due to the strong and not unpleasant odor characteristic of most substances of this nature. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p96)
DNA Adducts
Carcinogens
Biotransformation
The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.
Mutagens
Epoxy Compounds
Benz(a)Anthracenes
Mutagenicity Tests
Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1
A liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase capable of biotransforming xenobiotics such as polycyclic hydrocarbons and halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons into carcinogenic or mutagenic compounds. They have been found in mammals and fish. This enzyme, encoded by CYP1A1 gene, can be measured by using ethoxyresorufin as a substrate for the ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity.
Coal Tar
A by-product of the destructive distillation of coal used as a topical antieczematic. It is an antipruritic and keratoplastic agent used also in the treatment of psoriasis and other skin conditions. Occupational exposure to soots, tars, and certain mineral oils is known to be carcinogenic according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985) (Merck Index, 11th ed).
Glycols
Benzoflavones
Organic compounds containing a BENZENE ring attached to a flavone group. Some of these are potent arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase inhibitors. They may also inhibit the binding of NUCLEIC ACIDS to BENZOPYRENES and related compounds. The designation includes all isomers; the 7,8-isomer is most frequently encountered.
Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases
A large group of cytochrome P-450 (heme-thiolate) monooxygenases that complex with NAD(P)H-FLAVIN OXIDOREDUCTASE in numerous mixed-function oxidations of aromatic compounds. They catalyze hydroxylation of a broad spectrum of substrates and are important in the metabolism of steroids, drugs, and toxins such as PHENOBARBITAL, carcinogens, and insecticides.
Antimutagenic Agents
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
A superfamily of hundreds of closely related HEMEPROTEINS found throughout the phylogenetic spectrum, from animals, plants, fungi, to bacteria. They include numerous complex monooxygenases (MIXED FUNCTION OXYGENASES). In animals, these P-450 enzymes serve two major functions: (1) biosynthesis of steroids, fatty acids, and bile acids; (2) metabolism of endogenous and a wide variety of exogenous substrates, such as toxins and drugs (BIOTRANSFORMATION). They are classified, according to their sequence similarities rather than functions, into CYP gene families (>40% homology) and subfamilies (>59% homology). For example, enzymes from the CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 gene families are responsible for most drug metabolism.
Stereoisomerism
DNA
A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).
Biodegradation, Environmental
Creosote
A greasy substance with a smoky odor and burned taste created by high temperature treatment of BEECH and other WOOD; COAL TAR; or resin of the CREOSOTE BUSH. It contains CRESOLS and POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS which are CARCINOGENS. It has been widely used as wood preservative and in PESTICIDES and had former use medicinally in DISINFECTANTS; LAXATIVES; and DERMATOLOGIC AGENTS.
Trichloroepoxypropane
beta-Naphthoflavone
Aroclors
Epoxide Hydrolases
Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon
Cytoplasmic proteins that bind certain aryl hydrocarbons, translocate to the nucleus, and activate transcription of particular DNA segments. AH receptors are identified by their high-affinity binding to several carcinogenic or teratogenic environmental chemicals including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons found in cigarette smoke and smog, heterocyclic amines found in cooked foods, and halogenated hydrocarbons including dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls. No endogenous ligand has been identified, but an unknown natural messenger with a role in cell differentiation and development is suspected.
Papilloma
Enzyme Induction
Neoplasms, Experimental
Anisoles
Metabolic Detoxication, Drug
Soil Pollutants
Environmental Pollutants
Butylated Hydroxyanisole
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
Chlorophyllides
2-Acetylaminofluorene
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene
Fluorescent Dyes
Mixed Function Oxygenases
Widely distributed enzymes that carry out oxidation-reduction reactions in which one atom of the oxygen molecule is incorporated into the organic substrate; the other oxygen atom is reduced and combined with hydrogen ions to form water. They are also known as monooxygenases or hydroxylases. These reactions require two substrates as reductants for each of the two oxygen atoms. There are different classes of monooxygenases depending on the type of hydrogen-providing cosubstrate (COENZYMES) required in the mixed-function oxidation.
Fundulidae
Liver
Structure-Activity Relationship
Salmonella typhimurium
Water Pollutants, Chemical
DNA Damage
Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. These deviations may be caused by physical or chemical agents and occur by natural or unnatural, introduced circumstances. They include the introduction of illegitimate bases during replication or by deamination or other modification of bases; the loss of a base from the DNA backbone leaving an abasic site; single-strand breaks; double strand breaks; and intrastrand (PYRIMIDINE DIMERS) or interstrand crosslinking. Damage can often be repaired (DNA REPAIR). If the damage is extensive, it can induce APOPTOSIS.
Microsomes
Artifactual vesicles formed from the endoplasmic reticulum when cells are disrupted. They are isolated by differential centrifugation and are composed of three structural features: rough vesicles, smooth vesicles, and ribosomes. Numerous enzyme activities are associated with the microsomal fraction. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990; from Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)
Petroleum
Cricetinae
Mycobacterium
Phenobarbital
Lung
Platelet high affinity low density lipoprotein binding and import of lipoprotein derived phospholipids. (1/624)
The binding of low density lipoprotein (LDL) to the platelet cell membrane could facilitate the transfer of phospholipids from LDL to the platelets. A polyclonal antibody against the platelet glycoproteins IIb/IIIa inhibited the high affinity binding of 125I-LDL by up to 80%. The transfer of pyrene (py)-labeled sphingomyelin (SM), phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine from LDL to the platelets was unaffected by the antibody. The lectin wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) reduced the binding of 125I-LDL to the platelets by approximately 80%. In contrast, the lectin stimulated the transfer of SM from LDL into the platelets by about three-fold. WGA also specifically augmented the transfer of py-SM between lipid vesicles and the platelets, the stimulation being abolished in the presence of N-acetylglucosamine. Dextran sulfate (DS) increased the specific binding of 125I-LDL to the platelets by up to 2.8-fold. On the other hand, the import of LDL-derived py-phospholipids was unaffected by DS. Together, the results indicate that the phospholipid transfer from LDL to the platelets is independent of the high affinity LDL binding to the platelets and is specifically stimulated by WGA. Thus, the interactions of platelets with LDL phospholipids differ markedly from those with the apoprotein components of the lipoproteins. (+info)Characterization of mannooligosaccharide caps in mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan by capillary electrophoresis/electrospray mass spectrometry. (2/624)
A new analytical approach based on capillary electrophoresis-electrospray mass spectrometry (CE/ESI-MS) has provided new insight into the characterization of mannooligosaccharide caps from lipoarabinomannans (LAMs), which are key molecules in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis. This analytical approach requires oligosaccharide labeling with the fluorophore 1-aminopyrene-3,6,8-trisulfonate (APTS) by reductive amination at the reducing termini. Optimization of the separation and ionization conditions, such as the choice of capillary electrophoresis (CE) electrolyte buffers, is presented and discussed. Anionic separation of the mono and oligosaccharide APTS derivatives was finally achieved with aqueous triethylammonium formate buffer. It was found that in contrast to the triethylammonium phosphate buffer, the triethylammonium formate buffer was appropriate for CE/ESI-MS coupling analysis of APTS-carbohydrate derivatives. In this case, negative ESI-mass spectra of APTS-carbohydrate adducts showed mainly (M-2H)2-pseudomolecular ions and some sequence fragment ions allowing their non-ambiguous structural characterization at the picomolar level. This analytical approach was successfully applied to more complex mixtures of carbohydrates released by mild acid hydrolysis of the lipoarabinomannans from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. The APTS-mannooligosaccharide cap adducts were separated by CE and their structural characterization achieved by CE/ESI-MS analyses. Mannooligosaccharide caps were routinely analyzed by capillary electrophoresis-laser induced fluorescence (CE-LIF) from 50 fmol of lipoarabinomannans with mannosyl capping (ManLAMs) but sensitivity was about 50 times lower using ESI-MS detection. (+info)HPLC/fluorescence determination of anti-BPDE-DNA adducts in mononuclear white blood cells from PAH-exposed humans. (3/624)
The aim of this study was to compare (+/-)-r-7,t-8-dihydroxy-t-9,10-oxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (anti-BPDE)-DNA adduct levels in groups of humans subjected to various levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) (benzo[a]pyrene) exposure. An HPLC/fluorescence method was applied to detect specifically anti-BPDE-DNA adducts in mononuclear white blood cells [lymphocyte plus monocyte fraction (LMF)] from humans exposed to PAHs. A total of 130 subjects comprised the sample population: 26 psoriatic patients (3 days after clinical coal tar treatment of the skin), 15 coke oven workers, 19 chimney sweeps, 36 aluminium anode plant workers and 34 non-occupationally PAH-exposed subjects (controls). PAH exposure was assessed in each group by means of the urinary excretion of 1-pyrenol (mean group levels: 1.2, 0.7, 0.3, 65.0 and 0.1 micromol/mol creatinine in coke oven workers, chimney sweeps, aluminium plant anode workers, psoriatic patients and non-occupationally PAH-exposed subjects, respectively). HPLC/fluorescence analysis of BPDE-DNA adducts showed that the percentage of subjects with adduct levels exceeding the 95 percentile control subject value (8.9 adducts/10(8) nucleotides) was significantly high in coke oven workers (46.7%) and chimney sweeps (21.0%) (chi2 test, P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) but not in aluminium plant workers (11.1%) and psoriatic patients (0%). The increase in BPDE-DNA adduct levels in LMF (Ln values) was significantly related to chronic inhalatory and high PAH exposure (linear multiple regression analysis, F = 6.37, P < 0.01; t = 4.2, P < 0.001). Skin acute (or short-term) and high PAH exposure, charcoal-grilled meat consumption and smoking habit did not seem to influence BPDE-DNA adduct formation in LMF. (+info)Comparative metabolism of 1-, 2-, and 4-nitropyrene by human hepatic and pulmonary microsomes. (4/624)
Determining the capability of humans to metabolize the mononitropyrene (mono-NP) isomers 1-, 2-, and 4-NP and understanding which human cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes are involved in their activation and/or detoxification is important in the assessment of individual susceptibility to these environmental carcinogens. We compared the ability of 15 human hepatic and 8 pulmonary microsomal samples to metabolize each of the three isomers. Human hepatic microsomes were competent in metabolizing all three isomers. Qualitatively similar metabolic patterns were observed, although at much lower levels, upon incubating mono-NP with pulmonary microsomes. Ring-oxidized metabolites (phenols and trans-dihydrodiols) were produced from all three isomers. However, the nitroreductive metabolism leading to the formation of aminopyrene was evident only with 4-NP. The role of specific P450 enzymes in the human hepatic microsomal metabolism of mono-NP was investigated by correlating the P450-dependent catalytic activities in each microsomal sample with the levels of individual metabolites formed by the same microsomes and by examining the effects of agents that can either inhibit or stimulate specific P450 enzymes in mono-NP metabolism. On the basis of these studies, we attribute most of the hepatic microsomal metabolism of 1- and 4-NP to P450 3A4, although a minor role for P450 1A2 cannot be ruled out. Specifically, P450 3A4 was responsible for the formation of 3-hydroxy-1nitropyrene from 1-NP and the formation of trans-9,10-dihydro-9,10dihydroxy-4-nitropyrene, 9(10)-hydroxy-4-nitropyrene, and 4-aminopyrene from 4-NP. None of the P450 enzymes examined (P450s 3A4, 1A2, 2E1, 2A6, 2D6, and 2C9) appeared to be involved in catalyzing the formation of trans-4,5-dihydro-4,5-dihydroxy-2-nitropyrene and 6-hydroxy-2-nitropyrene from 2-NP in human hepatic microsomes. These results, the first report on the comparative metabolism of mono-NP in humans, clearly demonstrate that the role of specific human P450 enzymes in catalyzing oxidative and reductive pathways of mono-NP is dependent upon the position of the nitro group. (+info)Genotoxic exposures of potroom workers. (5/624)
OBJECTIVES: Potroom workers in aluminum reduction plants have increased risks for bladder and lung cancer due to exposure from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). In this study correlations between measures of the external, internal, and biological effective dose have been studied for PAH. METHODS: Venous blood samples were obtained from 98 male potroom workers and 55 unexposed male blue-collar workers, for the analysis of aromatic adducts to DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) in lymphocytes, using the 32P-postlabeling technique. 1-Hydroxypyrene in urine was analyzed with high-pressure liquid chromatography. Personal sampling of both particulate and gas phase PAH was performed during a full workday for the potroom workers and for 5 referents. Individual PAH congeners were determined with liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric techniques. RESULTS: The respiratory-zone airborne level of the sum of 22 particulate (median 13.2 micro/m3) and the 7 gas phase PAH-congeners (median 16.3 microg/m3) among the potroom workers was a hundred times higher than among the referents. The urinary concentration of 1-hydroxypyrene before work was 30 times higher for the potroom workers (median 3.43 micromol/mol creatinine) than for the referents. Most airborne PAH congeners correlated with the excretion of 1-hydroxypyrene in urine. The frequency of aromatic DNA adducts did not, however, differ between the potroom workers and the referents, and no correlation was found for 1-hydroxypyrene in urine. CONCLUSIONS: Despite an obvious occupational exposure to PAH, no increase in aromatic DNA adducts in lymphocytes was found among the potroom workers. (+info)Molecular mechanisms of peptide loading by the tumor rejection antigen/heat shock chaperone gp96 (GRP94). (6/624)
Complexes of gp96/GRP94 and peptides have been shown to elicit immunogenicity. We used fluorescence to understand peptide association with gp96. A pyrene-peptide conjugate was complexed with gp96 under a variety of conditions. At room temperature in low salt (20 mM NaCl), the peptide binds gp96 with a strong affinity (approximately 100-150 nM) and forms pyrene excimers, suggesting that the peptides were assembled as dimers. In high salt (2.2 M NaCl), although peptide binding was stronger (Ka approximately 55 nM) than in low salt, pyrene excimers were absent, implying that peptides were farther apart in the complex. Heat shock-activated peptide binding exhibited characteristics of both low salt and high salt modes of binding. Anisotropy and average lifetime of the bound pyrene suggested that peptides were probably located in a solvent-accessible hydrophobic binding pocket in low salt, whereas in high salt, the peptide may be buried in a less hydrophobic (more hydrophilic) environment. These results suggested that peptide-gp96 complexes were assembled in several different ways, depending on the assembly conditions. Resonance energy transfer between the intrinsic tryptophan(s) in gp96 and pyrene suggested that one or more tryptophan residues were within the critical Forster distance of 27-30 A from the pyrene in the bound peptide. It is proposed that peptides are assembled within higher order gp96 complexes (dimers, etc.) in a hydrophobic pocket and that there may be a conformational change in gp96 leading to an open configuration for peptide loading. (+info)Pathologic changes induced in respiratory tract mucosa by polycyclic hydrocarbons of differing carcinogenic activity. (7/624)
Seven aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons (PCHs) were investigated for their toxic effects on respiratory mucosa: benzo(e)pyrene (BeP), pyrene, anthracene, benz(a)anthracene(BaA), dibenz(a,c)anthracene(DBacA), benzo (a)pyrene (BaP), and dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). The compounds were chosen because they comprise a spectrum of PCHs ranging from noncarcinogens, to initiators, to weak and strong carcinogens. All of them except DMBA are environmentally relevant chemicals. The chemicals were tested over an 8-week period. Heterotopic tracheal transplants were continously exposed and the histopathologic effects induced by the various PCHs were periodically assessed semiquantitatively. All PCHs exhibited varying degrees of toxicity for respiratory epithelium and submucosa. BeP clearly showed the least toxicity followed by pyrene and anthracene. BaA and DBacA caused marked epithelial and submucosal changes. In addition to epithelial hyperplasia, undifferentiated epithelium and squamous metaplasia developed. Marked mononuclear infiltration occurred in the subepithelial connective tissue. With BaP the epithelial and submucosal changes were similar but were much stronger. DMBA was the most toxic substance, causing epithelial necrosis followed by generalized keratinizing squamous metaplasia; the subepithelial changes consisted of an early acellular exudate and, later (at 8 weeks), marked condensation and hyalinization of the lamina propria. The toxic response pattern of the tracheal mucosa to carcinogenic agents was characterized by the chronicity of epithelial and connective tissue damage, as opposed to the short-lived hyperplastic and inflammatory response elicited by the noncarcinogens and weak initiators. (+info)2'-Pyrene modified oligonucleotide provides a highly sensitive fluorescent probe of RNA. (8/624)
Oligonucleotide 9mers containing 2'-O-(1-pyrenylmethyl)uridine [U(pyr)] at the center position were synthesized by using a protected U(pyr) phosphoramidite. The UV melting behaviors indicate that the pyrene-modified oligonucleotides can bind to both their complementary DNA and RNA in aqueous solution. When compared with the unmodified oligonucleotides, the pyrene-modified oligonucleotides showed higher affinity for DNA while exhibiting lower affinity for RNA. The pyrene-modified oligonucleotides in diluted solution exhibited fluorescence typical of pyrene monomer emission [lambdamax 378 (band I) and 391 nm (band III)]. When these oligomers bound to DNA, the fluorescence intensity ratio of band III/band I was increased. With this fluorescence change, a new broad emission (lambdamax 450 nm) due to exciplex between the pyrene and an adjacent nucleobase appeared. In contrast, addition of RNA to the pyrene oligonucleotides resulted in enhancement of the pyrene monomer emission with decrease in the fluorescence band ratio. The extent of the emission enhancement was found to be highly dependent on the nucleobase adjacent to the U(pyr) in the pyrene oligomers. The pyrene oligonucleotide containing dC at the 3'-site of the modification showed remarkable increase (approximately 250 times) in fluorescence (375 nm) upon binding to complementary RNA. The present findings would open the way to the design of a highly sensitive fluorescent probe of RNA. (+info)
Polymers | Free Full-Text | Internal Dynamics of Dendritic Molecules Probed by Pyrene Excimer Formation
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Studies on the Interaction Mechanism of Pyrene Derivatives with Human Tumor-Related DNA | HTML
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Pyrene in Fluorophores
CypComp Database: Showing CypComp Card for CC01803: 1-Nitropyrene (CypBoM Training Set)
4-Nitropyrene (IARC Summary & Evaluation, Volume 46, 1989)
Sequence Similarity
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Characterization of a pyrene-degrading Mycobacterium sp. strai...
A Fluorescent Molecular Sensor for pH Windows in Traditional and Polymeric Biocompatible Micelles: Comicellization of Anionic...
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[email protected](1,6-bis(4-(((pyridin-2-yl)methylidene)amino)phenyl)pyrene)6(NTf2)8
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Measuring, Testing
Flat coke does the job for kids diarrhoea, whatever NICE says | Comment | Pulse Today
flosculous fenestrule cacogastric suppliable
Pyrene
... was first isolated from coal tar, where it occurs up to 2% by weight. As a peri-fused PAH, pyrene is much more resonance ... Pyrene's fluorescence emission spectrum is very sensitive to solvent polarity, so pyrene has been used as a probe to determine ... Pyrene and its derivatives are used commercially to make dyes and dye precursors, for example pyranine and naphthalene-1,4,5,8- ... Pyrenes are strong electron donor materials and can be combined with several materials in order to make electron donor-acceptor ...
Pyrene punctata
... Willan, 2001. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 29 January 2011. "Pyrene punctata". ... Pyrene punctata, common name : the telescoped dove shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family ...
Pyrene (disambiguation)
Pyrene may refer to: Pyrene, a chemical compound. Carbon tetrachloride, pyrene is the brand name used by the Pyrene ... Pyrene (mythology), consort of Ares and the mother of Cycnus in Greek mythology Pyrene, a Celtic city near the sources of the ... a noted former Pyrene Company factory in London, England in the Art Deco style Pyrene (gastropod), a genus of sea snails from ... Danube mentioned by Herodotus: see Heuneburg The Pyrene Company Limited, a manufacturer of firefighting equipment The Pyrene ...
Pyrene (gastropod)
Pyrene flava (Bruguière, 1789) Pyrene morrisoni Willan, 2001 Pyrene obscura (G.B. Sowerby I, 1844) Pyrene obtusa (G.B. Sowerby ... Species within the genus Pyrene include: Pyrene albinodulosa ogasawarana (Pilsbry, 1904-b) Pyrene aspersa (G.B. Sowerby I, 1844 ... Pyrene decussata (G.B. Sowerby I, 1844) Pyrene exima (Reeve, 1859 in 1843-65)[citation needed] Pyrene fasciata G.B. Sowerby I, ... Pyrene filmerae (G. B. Sowerby III, 1900): synonym of Pyrene flava filmerae (G. B. Sowerby III, 1900) Pyrene flavida (Lamarck, ...
Ixias pyrene
... , the yellow orange tip, is a small butterfly of the family Pieridae, that is, the yellows and whites, which is ... "Ixias pyrene (Linnaeus, 1764)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved July 2, 2018. One or more of the preceding ... Wikispecies has information related to Ixias pyrene. Varshney, R.K.; Smetacek, Peter (2015). A Synoptic Catalogue of the ... List of butterflies of India (Pieridae) Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ixias pyrene. ...
Pyrene obtusa
"Pyrene obtusa obtusa". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 29 January 2011. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pyrene obtusa. ( ... Pyrene obtusa is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Columbellidae, the dove snails. The shell ... Pyrene obtusa. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 29 January 2011. Kiener (1840). General species and ...
Pyrene (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Pyrene (Ancient Greek: Πυρήνη) may refer to: Pyrene, daughter of King Bebrycius and a lover (or victim, ... Pyrene, also called Pelopia, mother of Cycnus with Ares. Silius Italicus, Punica 3.415-446 Bell's New Pantheon Or Historical ...
Pyrene flava
Subspecies Pyrene flava filmerae (G. B. Sowerby III, 1900) Pyrene flava flava (Bruguière, 1789) The shell size varies between ... Pyrene flava, common name : the yellow dove shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family ... "Pyrene flava". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 4 November 2010. Duclos, P.L. (1840). Histoire naturelle générale et particulière de ... Pyrene flava Bruguiere. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 4 November 2010. Dautzenberg, Ph. (1929). ...
Benzo(e)pyrene
Benzopyrene Benzo[a]pyrene Benzene Pyrene, a four-ring analogue v t e (Articles with short description, Short description ... Benzo[e]pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C20H12. It is listed as a Group 3 carcinogen by ...
Benzo(a)pyrene
Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide is the carcinogenic product of three enzymatic reactions: Benzo[a]pyrene is first ... Benzopyrene Benzo[e]pyrene Pyrene, a four-ring analogue Toxification Henri A. Favre, Warren H. Powell (2013). Nomenclature of ... ISBN 978-1-4987-5429-3. "benzo[a]pyrene". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. "Assessment of Benzo-alpha-pyrene Emissions in the Great ... Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP or B[a]P) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the result of incomplete combustion of organic matter at ...
The Pyrene Company Limited
Pyrene was taken over by Chubb and Sons in 1967 and continued to operate under the name Pyrene Panorama. In 1971 Chubb Fire ... The Pyrene Manufacturing Company of Canada, the CO2 Equipment Company of Canada and the American Pyrene Company were all ... Pyrene Panorama Ltd was established in 1959 when Pyrene purchased the business of Panorama Equipment Ltd, which itself dated ... He established what became known as the Pyrene Company of Delaware in 1909. A British offshoot, The Pyrene Company Limited was ...
Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
... pyrene and 2-fluoroindeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene respectively. The reaction with indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene can be performed using NHO3 in ... One of these 16 is Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (IP). IP is the combination of an indeno molecule and a pyrene molecule with a ... "Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene". PubChem. Minabe M, Shibuya N. Nitration of indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene and mutagenic activities of related ... 1983). Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene. 32, 373 K Schirmer, A.G.J Chan, B.M Greenberg, D.G Dixon, N.C Bols. (1998). Ability of 16 ...
Benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide
Benzo[a]pyrene is a derivative in which a fifth benzene ring has been fused to the pyrene system, and is a component of tobacco ... Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide is a metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene formed by the introduction of vicinal hydroxyl ... Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide has been shown to bind to an N2 atom of a guanine nucleobase in DNA, distorting the ... Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide binds to the N2 atom of a guanine nucleobase in DNA, distorting the double helix ...
Lasianthus
Pyrenes with thick walls. The generic name Lasianthus is derived from the Greek lasios, "shaggy, velvety, hairy", and anthos, " ...
Mycobacterium pyrenivorans
Mineralizes phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene, but not anthracene or benzo[a]pyrene. Differential characteristics The ... Etymology: pyrenivorans; digesting pyrene. Microscopy Gram-positive, acid-fast rods. Colony characteristics The rough colonies ...
Alvis Salamander
"Pyrene crash tenders". Flight. 2 September 1960. p. 84. (Use dmy dates from February 2018, Use British English from February ... From the late 1970s on they were replaced by vehicles like the Thornycroft Nubian Pyrene Mark 7. "Alvis FV-651 / FV-652 ... Fire fighting equipment was provided by The Pyrene Company Limited. It could produce 7,500 gallons of foam per minute and ... carried a crew of 6. 125 Salamanders were built and used in the Royal Air Force (as the Alvis Salamander/Pyrene Mark 6) and the ...
Carbon tetrachloride
"Pyrene Fire Extinguishers". Vintage Fire Extinguishers. Archived from the original on 25 March 2010. Retrieved 23 December 2009 ... the Pyrene Manufacturing Company of Delaware filed a patent to use carbon tetrachloride to extinguish fires. The liquid was ... Pyrene patented a small, portable extinguisher that used the chemical. The extinguisher consisted of a brass bottle with an ...
Teran grape
"Piquentum Wines". Les Caves de Pyrene. 2018-01-23. "The influence of yeasts type and malolactic fermentation on the quality of ...
Olympicene
Mistry, A. (31 May 2012). "Dehydration of 3,4-dihydro-5H-Benzo[cd]pyren-5-ol; 6H-Benzo[cd]pyrene". ChemSpider. Royal Society of ... The synthesis starts using a Wittig reaction of pyrene carboxaldehyde. To obtain the ylide needed, firstly triphenyl phosphine ... pyrenes". Chemistry: A European Journal. 21 (5): 2011-2018. doi:10.1002/chem.201404877. PMID 25469908. Palmer, J. (28 May 2012 ...
Bowmanella pacifica
... degrades pyrene. Parte, A.C. "Bowmanella". LPSN. "Bowmanella pacifica Taxon Passport - StrainInfo". www. ... nov., isolated from a pyrene-degrading consortium". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 59 (7): ...
Kvevri
"All you needed to know about qvevri but were afraid to ask". Les Caves De Pyrene. Retrieved Oct 6, 2019. Barisashvili, Giorgi ( ...
Cipadessa
Fruit is a globose drupe with 5 pyrenes. Source: Hindi - Nalbila Marathi - Ranabili, Gudmai Tamil - Puilipan cheddi, ...
Heptacene
Four higher annellated pyrenes with acene character". Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed): 2681. doi:10.1039/JR9570002681 ...
Radical anion
pyrene as its sodium salt. Perylene in the form of its alkali metal (M = Li, Na, Cs) etherates. Cyclooctatetraene is reduced by ... Ease of formation is in the order benzene < naphthalene < anthracene < pyrene, etc. Salts of the radical anions are often not ... Kucera, Benjamin E.; Jilek, Robert E.; Brennessel, William W.; Ellis, John E. (2014). "Bis(pyrene)metal complexes of vanadium, ... niobium and titanium: Isolable homoleptic pyrene complexes of transition metals". Acta Crystallographica Section C: Structural ...
Milestones Museum
Hand propelled Pyrene fire extinguisher. Shand Mason horse-drawn fire engine. Shand Mason horse-drawn steam pump BOR 316 Dennis ...
Heuneburg
"Pyrene": "For the Ister flows from the land of the Celts and the city of Pyrene through the very middle of Europe..." Since the ... Official website of the Heuneburg Museum Heuneburg Pyrene Crossing the Alps: Early Urbanism between Northern Italy and Central ... Linsmeier, Klaus-Dieter (2006-11-26). "Ausgrabungen: Pyrene, im Land der Kelten". Der Spiegel (in German). ISSN 2195-1349. ...
Pseudoxanthomonas japonensis
Klankeo, Piriya; Nopcharoenkul, Wannarak; Pinyakong, Onruthai (2009). "Two novel pyrene-degrading Diaphorobacter sp. and ...
Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana
Klankeo, Piriya; Nopcharoenkul, Wannarak; Pinyakong, Onruthai (2009). "Two novel pyrene-degrading Diaphorobacter sp. and ...
Simone Techert
Theoretical and experimental studies on pyrene derivatives". Afterwards, she worked as a scientist at the European Synchrotron ...
Bowmanella
nov., isolated from a pyrene-degrading consortium". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 59 (7): ...
EWG Tap Water Database | Marianna | Benzo[a]pyrene
... pyrene. Find out what is in your tap water ... Benzo[a]pyrene. Marianna. Benzo[a]pyrene is a polycyclic ... The EWG Health Guideline of 0.007 ppb for benzo[a]pyrene was defined by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard ... The legal limit for benzo[a]pyrene, established in 1992, was based on analytical detection limits at the time that the standard ...
Co2(pyrene)2 radical anion
Browsing Publications by Subject "Benzo(a)pyrene"
Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene 12064
Definition of Pyrene
Pyrene - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms | Vocabulary.com
Heuneburg - Stadt Pyrene | tourismus-bw.de
Heuneburg - Stadt Pyrene .cls-1{fill:#007fab;}.cls-2{fill:none;stroke:#007fab;}. .cls-1{fill:#007fab;}. ... 5000 Einwohnern ihre Bl\u00fctezeit und wird beim griechischen Autor Herodot als Polis Pyrene erw\u00e4hnt. Ihre bedeutende ... 5000 Einwohnern ihre Blütezeit und wird beim griechischen Autor Herodot als Polis Pyrene erwähnt. Ihre bedeutende Stellung ... E-Mail [email protected]pyrene.de Web https://www.heuneburg-pyrene.de ...
Early-Life Exposure to Benzo[a]pyrene Increases Mutant Frequency in Spermatogenic Cells in Adulthood | PLOS ONE
... pyrene, B[a]P) at different doses (0, 50, 200 or 300 mg/kg body weight). Mutant frequency was then determined in a meiotic cell ... Leavitt SA, George MH, Moore T, Ross JA (2008) Mutations induced by benzo[a]pyrene and dibenzo[a,l]pyrene in lacI transgenic ... Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) Treatment. B[a]P (Fluka Chemical Corp., Milwaukee WI) was ground into a fine powder using a mortar and ... Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a ubiquitous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and environmental mutagen. Primary exposure to ...
Benzo(a)pyrene - Annual target value for the protection of human health
-
European Environment Agency
data-and-maps/figures/ga-downloads/Z2DO9TP9NZ/benzo-a-pyrene-annual Download. * Original file application/postscript (10.05 MB ... Benzo(a)pyrene - Annual target value for the protection of human health This website has limited functionality with javascript ... This page was archived on 22 Aug 2014 with reason: Other (New version data-and-maps/figures/benzo-a-pyrene-annual-3 was ... For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/benzo-a-pyrene-annual or scan the QR code. ...
Multiple ionization and fragmentation of isolated pyrene and coronene molecules in collision with ions - Archive ouverte HAL
... and pyrene (C16H10) is studied for low-velocity collisions (v ≤ 0.6 a.u.). The mass spectrometric analysis shows that singly ... Multiple ionization and fragmentation of isolated pyrene and coronene molecules in collision with ions Arkadiusz Lawicki 1 A. I ... and pyrene (C16H10) is studied for low-velocity collisions (v ≤ 0.6 a.u.). The mass spectrometric analysis shows that singly ... Multiple ionization and fragmentation of isolated pyrene and coronene molecules in collision with ions. Physical Review A : ...
The Metabolism of 4,5-Dihydro-4,5-dihydroxybenzo[a]pyrene by Short-Term Organ Cultures of Hamster Trachea and Lung |...
ACP - Can biomonitors effectively detect airborne benzo[a]pyrene? An evaluation approach using modelling
Can biomonitors effectively detect airborne benzo[a]pyrene? An evaluation approach using modelling Nuno Ratola1,2 and Pedro ... Ratola, N. and Jiménez-Guerrero, P.: Can biomonitors effectively detect airborne benzo[a]pyrene? An evaluation approach using ... pyrene (BaP). A comparison of ways to estimate air concentrations of BaP from its levels in vegetation is also a strong asset ... pyrene (BaP) and, at the same time, fuelled the comparison with chemistry transport model representations. Simulations with the ...
"Crystal Engineering of Asymmetric and Pyrene Fused Annulenes for Use i" by Garrett Fregoso
By directly attaching trialkylsilyl groups to the pyrene spacer, we eliminate the need for highly flexible ethynyl linkages to ... and explore the ways in which this disorder can be mitigated through the use of directly silylated pyrene delimited acenes. ... By directly attaching trialkylsilyl groups to the pyrene spacer, we eliminate the need for highly flexible ethynyl linkages to ... Fregoso, Garrett, "Crystal Engineering of Asymmetric and Pyrene Fused Annulenes for Use in Organic Electronic Materials" (2022 ...
Pyrene Actin Protein (rabbit skeletal muscle) - Cytoskeleton, Inc.
Pyrene labeled actin for studying actin polymerization, is a highly used and extensively cited actin tool which if often used ... An N-(1-pyrene) iodoacetamide is used to label the actin protein. Pyrene labeling stoichiometry has been determined to be 0.6 ... Figure 1. Pyrene Muscle Actin Protein Purity Determination. A 100 µg sample of pyrene muscle actin (molecular weight approx. 43 ... Stringent quality control ensures that AP05 pyrene F-actin has a 7-12 fold fluorescent enhancement over non-polymerized pyrene ...
Pyrene 129-00-0, China Pyrene 129-00-0 Manufacturers, China Pyrene 129-00-0 Suppliers - spring-chem
... provide Pyrene 129-00-0 product and the products related with China Pyrene 129-00-0 - spring-chem ... Pyrene. Category : Dyestuffs and Pigments. CAS NO : 129-00-0. EC NO : 204-927-3. Molecular Formula : C16H10. Main ... Send your inquiry to Pyrene supplier. Enter your inquiry here and then click Send. Enter between 20 to 3,000 characters,English ... China Pyrene 129-00-0 Suppliers and China Pyrene 129-00-0 Manufacturers, ...
The Effect of Benzo(a)pyrene on the Basal and Isoproterenolstimulated Levels of Cyclic Adenosine 3′,5′-Monophosphate in Mouse...
Application of benzo(a)pyrene to the dorsal skin did not increase the basal cyclic AMP levels in the ears; this indicates that ... Topical application of benzo(a)pyrene caused a rise in the basal levels of cyclic AMP and a decreased response to isoproterenol ... The effect of benzo(a)pyrene on the accumulation of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) in mouse skin in response ... Ajit K. Verma, Andrew W. Murray; The Effect of Benzo(a)pyrene on the Basal and Isoproterenolstimulated Levels of Cyclic ...
Crystallization and Enthalpy Relaxation of Physically Associating, End-Linked Polymer Networks: Telechelic Pyrene-Labeled...
... pyrene-end-labeled PDMS and its precursor, telechelic, amine-end-labeled PDMS. The pyrene-end-labeled PDMS forms physical ... pyrene-end-labeled PDMS and its precursor, telechelic, amine-end-labeled PDMS. The pyrene-end-labeled PDMS forms physical ... pyrene-end-labeled PDMS and its precursor, telechelic, amine-end-labeled PDMS. The pyrene-end-labeled PDMS forms physical ... pyrene-end-labeled PDMS and its precursor, telechelic, amine-end-labeled PDMS. The pyrene-end-labeled PDMS forms physical ...
Pyrene
Biomonitoring Summary | CDC
Pyrene. CAS No. 129-00-0. General Information. Pyrene has been used as a starting material for producing optical brighteners ... Pyrene is commonly found in PAH mixtures, and its urinary metabolite, 1-hydroxypyrene, has been used widely as an indicator of ... Notable pyrene sources include domestic heating sources, particularly wood burning; gasoline fuel exhaust; coal tar and asphalt ... The metabolic pathways and enzyme-inducing effects of specific PAHs, such as benz[a]pyrene, have been actively studied to ...
Reducing Concentrations of Benzo(a)pyrene
in Gas Phase Soot Particles by Using
and Burning Water Fuel Emulsions
... pyrene degraded into more harmful substances. Consequently, the thermodynamic parameters of the benzo(a)... ... pyrene-water-oxygen systems were investigated in wide ranges of change of temperature value and initial components to predict ... pyrene degraded into more harmful substances. Consequently, the thermodynamic parameters of the benzo(a) pyrene-water-oxygen ... Determination of the concentration of benzo(a)pyrene in samples of flue gases of DKVR-4/13 and PTVM- 30M boiler units of the ...
Pyrenes
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Top Photo Spots at Parc National des Pyrenes in 2022
Discover the best places for photography at Parc National des Pyrenes. All spots have the exact geo-tracking data & are great ... Top photos from 1 spot at Parc National des Pyrenes. Cirque de Troumouse, french Pyrenees. photo by Julien CHIQUET ... Explore the best places for photography at Parc National des Pyrenes latest contributors ...
GO PY (GO PYREN ES) Gazte mugimendu aukerak mugaz gaindiko eremuan
Triazolyl alkoxy fischer carbene complexes in conjugation with ferrocene/pyrene as sensory units: multifunctional chemosensors...
Triazolyl alkoxy fischer carbene complexes in conjugation with ferrocene/pyrene as sensory units: multifunctional chemosensors ... having a fluorescent pyrene unit, selectively recognizes Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions. The binding ability of receptor 3 can be inferred ... connected to the ferrocene or pyrene moiety through a 1,2,3-triazole ring. Receptor 3 contains a redox-active ferrocene moiety ... Triazolyl alkoxy fischer carbene complexes in conjugation with ferrocene/pyrene as sensory units: multifunctional chemosensors ...
Results of search for 'su:{Pyrenes}' › WHO HQ Library catalog
NHANES 2003-2004: Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) - Urine Data Documentation, Codebook, and Frequencies
Pyrene Bracelet - Rachel Comey
Pyrene
A post-HF study on the halogen bonding interaction of pyrene with diatomic halogen molecules | AVESİS
I2-pyrene is found to be the most stable complex due to the strongest mutual polarization effects and is carrying more than 60 ... The interaction between Cl2 and pyrene is the weakest and it is attributed to the highest polarizability/molar mass ratio of ... The complexes of highly polarizable bromine and iodine molecules with pyrene are very stable and they carry rather large number ... Keywords: dihalogens, halogen bonding, noncovalent interactions, post-HF methods, pyrene * Istanbul Technical University ...