Pyrenes. Medical search

A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.

A group of condensed ring hydrocarbons.

7,8,8a,9a-Tetrahydrobenzo(10,11)chryseno (3,4-b)oxirene-7,8-diol. A benzopyrene derivative with carcinogenic and mutagenic activity.

A class of chemicals that contain an anthracene ring with a naphthalene ring attached to it.

Benzopyrenes saturated in any two adjacent positions and substituted with two hydroxyl groups in any position. The majority of these compounds have carcinogenic or mutagenic activity.

A drug-metabolizing, cytochrome P-448 (P-450) enzyme which catalyzes the hydroxylation of benzopyrene to 3-hydroxybenzopyrene in the presence of reduced flavoprotein and molecular oxygen. Also acts on certain anthracene derivatives. An aspect of EC 1.14.14.1.

A major group of unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons containing two or more rings. The vast number of compounds of this important group, derived chiefly from petroleum and coal tar, are rather highly reactive and chemically versatile. The name is due to the strong and not unpleasant odor characteristic of most substances of this nature. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p96)

The products of chemical reactions that result in the addition of extraneous chemical groups to DNA.

Compounds consisting of two or more fused ring structures.

Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included.

The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.

Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids. A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes.

Organic compounds that include a cyclic ether with three ring atoms in their structure. They are commonly used as precursors for POLYMERS such as EPOXY RESINS.

A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.

Four fused benzyl rings with three linear and one angular, that can be viewed as a benzyl-phenanthrenes. Compare with NAPHTHACENES which are four linear rings.

Tests of chemical substances and physical agents for mutagenic potential. They include microbial, insect, mammalian cell, and whole animal tests.

A liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase capable of biotransforming xenobiotics such as polycyclic hydrocarbons and halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons into carcinogenic or mutagenic compounds. They have been found in mammals and fish. This enzyme, encoded by CYP1A1 gene, can be measured by using ethoxyresorufin as a substrate for the ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity.

A by-product of the destructive distillation of coal used as a topical antieczematic. It is an antipruritic and keratoplastic agent used also in the treatment of psoriasis and other skin conditions. Occupational exposure to soots, tars, and certain mineral oils is known to be carcinogenic according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985) (Merck Index, 11th ed).

A generic grouping for dihydric alcohols with the hydroxy groups (-OH) located on different carbon atoms. They are viscous liquids with high boiling points for their molecular weights.

Organic compounds containing a BENZENE ring attached to a flavone group. Some of these are potent arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase inhibitors. They may also inhibit the binding of NUCLEIC ACIDS to BENZOPYRENES and related compounds. The designation includes all isomers; the 7,8-isomer is most frequently encountered.

A large group of cytochrome P-450 (heme-thiolate) monooxygenases that complex with NAD(P)H-FLAVIN OXIDOREDUCTASE in numerous mixed-function oxidations of aromatic compounds. They catalyze hydroxylation of a broad spectrum of substrates and are important in the metabolism of steroids, drugs, and toxins such as PHENOBARBITAL, carcinogens, and insecticides.

Carcinogenic substances that are found in the environment.

1,2-Benzphenanthrenes. POLYCYCLIC COMPOUNDS obtained from coal tar.

Agents that reduce the frequency or rate of spontaneous or induced mutations independently of the mechanism involved.

A superfamily of hundreds of closely related HEMEPROTEINS found throughout the phylogenetic spectrum, from animals, plants, fungi, to bacteria. They include numerous complex monooxygenases (MIXED FUNCTION OXYGENASES). In animals, these P-450 enzymes serve two major functions: (1) biosynthesis of steroids, fatty acids, and bile acids; (2) metabolism of endogenous and a wide variety of exogenous substrates, such as toxins and drugs (BIOTRANSFORMATION). They are classified, according to their sequence similarities rather than functions, into CYP gene families (>40% homology) and subfamilies (>59% homology). For example, enzymes from the CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 gene families are responsible for most drug metabolism.

The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)

Measurement of the intensity and quality of fluorescence.

A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).

Elimination of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; PESTICIDES and other waste using living organisms, usually involving intervention of environmental or sanitation engineers.

A greasy substance with a smoky odor and burned taste created by high temperature treatment of BEECH and other WOOD; COAL TAR; or resin of the CREOSOTE BUSH. It contains CRESOLS and POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS which are CARCINOGENS. It has been widely used as wood preservative and in PESTICIDES and had former use medicinally in DISINFECTANTS; LAXATIVES; and DERMATOLOGIC AGENTS.

A potent epoxide hydrase and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inhibitor. It enhances the tumor-initiating ability of certain carcinogens.

A polyaromatic hydrocarbon inducer of P4501A1 and P4501A2 cytochromes. (Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1994 Dec:207(3):302-308)

Industrial chemicals which have become widespread environmental pollutants. Each aroclor is a mixture of chlorinated biphenyls (1200 series) or chlorinated terphenyls (5400 series) or a combination of both (4400 series).

Enzymes that catalyze reversibly the formation of an epoxide or arene oxide from a glycol or aromatic diol, respectively.

Cytoplasmic proteins that bind certain aryl hydrocarbons, translocate to the nucleus, and activate transcription of particular DNA segments. AH receptors are identified by their high-affinity binding to several carcinogenic or teratogenic environmental chemicals including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons found in cigarette smoke and smog, heterocyclic amines found in cooked foods, and halogenated hydrocarbons including dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls. No endogenous ligand has been identified, but an unknown natural messenger with a role in cell differentiation and development is suspected.

A circumscribed benign epithelial tumor projecting from the surrounding surface; more precisely, a benign epithelial neoplasm consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)

An increase in the rate of synthesis of an enzyme due to the presence of an inducer which acts to derepress the gene responsible for enzyme synthesis.

Experimentally induced new abnormal growth of TISSUES in animals to provide models for studying human neoplasms.

Compounds of the general formula R-O-R arranged in a ring or crown formation.

A group of compounds that are derivatives of methoxybenzene and contain the general formula R-C7H7O.

Reduction of pharmacologic activity or toxicity of a drug or other foreign substance by a living system, usually by enzymatic action. It includes those metabolic transformations that make the substance more soluble for faster renal excretion.

A residue of coal, left after dry (destructive) distillation, used as a fuel.

The combination of two or more different factors in the production of cancer.

A nucleoside consisting of the base guanine and the sugar deoxyribose.

Substances which pollute the soil. Use for soil pollutants in general or for which there is no specific heading.

Substances or energies, for example heat or light, which when introduced into the air, water, or land threaten life or health of individuals or ECOSYSTEMS.

Mixture of 2- and 3-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenols that is used as an antioxidant in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.

A chemical by-product that results from burning or incinerating chlorinated industrial chemicals and other hydrocarbons. This compound is considered an environmental toxin, and may pose reproductive, as well as, other health risks for animals and humans.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

A family of diphenylenemethane derivatives.

Products of the hydrolysis of chlorophylls in which the phytic acid side chain has been removed and the carboxylic acids saponified.

A hepatic carcinogen whose mechanism of activation involves N-hydroxylation to the aryl hydroxamic acid followed by enzymatic sulfonation to sulfoxyfluorenylacetamide. It is used to study the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of aromatic amines.

7,12-Dimethylbenzanthracene. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.

Benzene derivatives that include one or more hydroxyl groups attached to the ring structure.

Agents that emit light after excitation by light. The wave length of the emitted light is usually longer than that of the incident light. Fluorochromes are substances that cause fluorescence in other substances, i.e., dyes used to mark or label other compounds with fluorescent tags.

Widely distributed enzymes that carry out oxidation-reduction reactions in which one atom of the oxygen molecule is incorporated into the organic substrate; the other oxygen atom is reduced and combined with hydrogen ions to form water. They are also known as monooxygenases or hydroxylases. These reactions require two substrates as reductants for each of the two oxygen atoms. There are different classes of monooxygenases depending on the type of hydrogen-providing cosubstrate (COENZYMES) required in the mixed-function oxidation.

Family of small, surface-dwelling fish that inhabit fresh and brackish waters, and coastal marine areas.

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.

A serotype of Salmonella enterica that is a frequent agent of Salmonella gastroenteritis in humans. It also causes PARATYPHOID FEVER.

Chemical compounds which pollute the water of rivers, streams, lakes, the sea, reservoirs, or other bodies of water.

Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. These deviations may be caused by physical or chemical agents and occur by natural or unnatural, introduced circumstances. They include the introduction of illegitimate bases during replication or by deamination or other modification of bases; the loss of a base from the DNA backbone leaving an abasic site; single-strand breaks; double strand breaks; and intrastrand (PYRIMIDINE DIMERS) or interstrand crosslinking. Damage can often be repaired (DNA REPAIR). If the damage is extensive, it can induce APOPTOSIS.

Artifactual vesicles formed from the endoplasmic reticulum when cells are disrupted. They are isolated by differential centrifugation and are composed of three structural features: rough vesicles, smooth vesicles, and ribosomes. Numerous enzyme activities are associated with the microsomal fraction. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990; from Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)

Naturally occurring complex liquid hydrocarbons which, after distillation, yield combustible fuels, petrochemicals, and lubricants.

A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.

A genus of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria. Most species are free-living in soil and water, but the major habitat for some is the diseased tissue of warm-blooded hosts.

A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.

Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

A group of guanine ribonucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each guanine ribonucleotide act as bridges in forming diester linkages between the ribose moieties.

Platelet high affinity low density lipoprotein binding and import of lipoprotein derived phospholipids. (1/624)

The binding of low density lipoprotein (LDL) to the platelet cell membrane could facilitate the transfer of phospholipids from LDL to the platelets. A polyclonal antibody against the platelet glycoproteins IIb/IIIa inhibited the high affinity binding of 125I-LDL by up to 80%. The transfer of pyrene (py)-labeled sphingomyelin (SM), phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine from LDL to the platelets was unaffected by the antibody. The lectin wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) reduced the binding of 125I-LDL to the platelets by approximately 80%. In contrast, the lectin stimulated the transfer of SM from LDL into the platelets by about three-fold. WGA also specifically augmented the transfer of py-SM between lipid vesicles and the platelets, the stimulation being abolished in the presence of N-acetylglucosamine. Dextran sulfate (DS) increased the specific binding of 125I-LDL to the platelets by up to 2.8-fold. On the other hand, the import of LDL-derived py-phospholipids was unaffected by DS. Together, the results indicate that the phospholipid transfer from LDL to the platelets is independent of the high affinity LDL binding to the platelets and is specifically stimulated by WGA. Thus, the interactions of platelets with LDL phospholipids differ markedly from those with the apoprotein components of the lipoproteins. (+info)

Characterization of mannooligosaccharide caps in mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan by capillary electrophoresis/electrospray mass spectrometry. (2/624)

A new analytical approach based on capillary electrophoresis-electrospray mass spectrometry (CE/ESI-MS) has provided new insight into the characterization of mannooligosaccharide caps from lipoarabinomannans (LAMs), which are key molecules in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis. This analytical approach requires oligosaccharide labeling with the fluorophore 1-aminopyrene-3,6,8-trisulfonate (APTS) by reductive amination at the reducing termini. Optimization of the separation and ionization conditions, such as the choice of capillary electrophoresis (CE) electrolyte buffers, is presented and discussed. Anionic separation of the mono and oligosaccharide APTS derivatives was finally achieved with aqueous triethylammonium formate buffer. It was found that in contrast to the triethylammonium phosphate buffer, the triethylammonium formate buffer was appropriate for CE/ESI-MS coupling analysis of APTS-carbohydrate derivatives. In this case, negative ESI-mass spectra of APTS-carbohydrate adducts showed mainly (M-2H)2-pseudomolecular ions and some sequence fragment ions allowing their non-ambiguous structural characterization at the picomolar level. This analytical approach was successfully applied to more complex mixtures of carbohydrates released by mild acid hydrolysis of the lipoarabinomannans from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. The APTS-mannooligosaccharide cap adducts were separated by CE and their structural characterization achieved by CE/ESI-MS analyses. Mannooligosaccharide caps were routinely analyzed by capillary electrophoresis-laser induced fluorescence (CE-LIF) from 50 fmol of lipoarabinomannans with mannosyl capping (ManLAMs) but sensitivity was about 50 times lower using ESI-MS detection. (+info)

HPLC/fluorescence determination of anti-BPDE-DNA adducts in mononuclear white blood cells from PAH-exposed humans. (3/624)

The aim of this study was to compare (+/-)-r-7,t-8-dihydroxy-t-9,10-oxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (anti-BPDE)-DNA adduct levels in groups of humans subjected to various levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) (benzo[a]pyrene) exposure. An HPLC/fluorescence method was applied to detect specifically anti-BPDE-DNA adducts in mononuclear white blood cells [lymphocyte plus monocyte fraction (LMF)] from humans exposed to PAHs. A total of 130 subjects comprised the sample population: 26 psoriatic patients (3 days after clinical coal tar treatment of the skin), 15 coke oven workers, 19 chimney sweeps, 36 aluminium anode plant workers and 34 non-occupationally PAH-exposed subjects (controls). PAH exposure was assessed in each group by means of the urinary excretion of 1-pyrenol (mean group levels: 1.2, 0.7, 0.3, 65.0 and 0.1 micromol/mol creatinine in coke oven workers, chimney sweeps, aluminium plant anode workers, psoriatic patients and non-occupationally PAH-exposed subjects, respectively). HPLC/fluorescence analysis of BPDE-DNA adducts showed that the percentage of subjects with adduct levels exceeding the 95 percentile control subject value (8.9 adducts/10(8) nucleotides) was significantly high in coke oven workers (46.7%) and chimney sweeps (21.0%) (chi2 test, P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) but not in aluminium plant workers (11.1%) and psoriatic patients (0%). The increase in BPDE-DNA adduct levels in LMF (Ln values) was significantly related to chronic inhalatory and high PAH exposure (linear multiple regression analysis, F = 6.37, P < 0.01; t = 4.2, P < 0.001). Skin acute (or short-term) and high PAH exposure, charcoal-grilled meat consumption and smoking habit did not seem to influence BPDE-DNA adduct formation in LMF. (+info)

Comparative metabolism of 1-, 2-, and 4-nitropyrene by human hepatic and pulmonary microsomes. (4/624)

Determining the capability of humans to metabolize the mononitropyrene (mono-NP) isomers 1-, 2-, and 4-NP and understanding which human cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes are involved in their activation and/or detoxification is important in the assessment of individual susceptibility to these environmental carcinogens. We compared the ability of 15 human hepatic and 8 pulmonary microsomal samples to metabolize each of the three isomers. Human hepatic microsomes were competent in metabolizing all three isomers. Qualitatively similar metabolic patterns were observed, although at much lower levels, upon incubating mono-NP with pulmonary microsomes. Ring-oxidized metabolites (phenols and trans-dihydrodiols) were produced from all three isomers. However, the nitroreductive metabolism leading to the formation of aminopyrene was evident only with 4-NP. The role of specific P450 enzymes in the human hepatic microsomal metabolism of mono-NP was investigated by correlating the P450-dependent catalytic activities in each microsomal sample with the levels of individual metabolites formed by the same microsomes and by examining the effects of agents that can either inhibit or stimulate specific P450 enzymes in mono-NP metabolism. On the basis of these studies, we attribute most of the hepatic microsomal metabolism of 1- and 4-NP to P450 3A4, although a minor role for P450 1A2 cannot be ruled out. Specifically, P450 3A4 was responsible for the formation of 3-hydroxy-1nitropyrene from 1-NP and the formation of trans-9,10-dihydro-9,10dihydroxy-4-nitropyrene, 9(10)-hydroxy-4-nitropyrene, and 4-aminopyrene from 4-NP. None of the P450 enzymes examined (P450s 3A4, 1A2, 2E1, 2A6, 2D6, and 2C9) appeared to be involved in catalyzing the formation of trans-4,5-dihydro-4,5-dihydroxy-2-nitropyrene and 6-hydroxy-2-nitropyrene from 2-NP in human hepatic microsomes. These results, the first report on the comparative metabolism of mono-NP in humans, clearly demonstrate that the role of specific human P450 enzymes in catalyzing oxidative and reductive pathways of mono-NP is dependent upon the position of the nitro group. (+info)

Genotoxic exposures of potroom workers. (5/624)

OBJECTIVES: Potroom workers in aluminum reduction plants have increased risks for bladder and lung cancer due to exposure from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). In this study correlations between measures of the external, internal, and biological effective dose have been studied for PAH. METHODS: Venous blood samples were obtained from 98 male potroom workers and 55 unexposed male blue-collar workers, for the analysis of aromatic adducts to DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) in lymphocytes, using the 32P-postlabeling technique. 1-Hydroxypyrene in urine was analyzed with high-pressure liquid chromatography. Personal sampling of both particulate and gas phase PAH was performed during a full workday for the potroom workers and for 5 referents. Individual PAH congeners were determined with liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric techniques. RESULTS: The respiratory-zone airborne level of the sum of 22 particulate (median 13.2 micro/m3) and the 7 gas phase PAH-congeners (median 16.3 microg/m3) among the potroom workers was a hundred times higher than among the referents. The urinary concentration of 1-hydroxypyrene before work was 30 times higher for the potroom workers (median 3.43 micromol/mol creatinine) than for the referents. Most airborne PAH congeners correlated with the excretion of 1-hydroxypyrene in urine. The frequency of aromatic DNA adducts did not, however, differ between the potroom workers and the referents, and no correlation was found for 1-hydroxypyrene in urine. CONCLUSIONS: Despite an obvious occupational exposure to PAH, no increase in aromatic DNA adducts in lymphocytes was found among the potroom workers. (+info)

Molecular mechanisms of peptide loading by the tumor rejection antigen/heat shock chaperone gp96 (GRP94). (6/624)

Complexes of gp96/GRP94 and peptides have been shown to elicit immunogenicity. We used fluorescence to understand peptide association with gp96. A pyrene-peptide conjugate was complexed with gp96 under a variety of conditions. At room temperature in low salt (20 mM NaCl), the peptide binds gp96 with a strong affinity (approximately 100-150 nM) and forms pyrene excimers, suggesting that the peptides were assembled as dimers. In high salt (2.2 M NaCl), although peptide binding was stronger (Ka approximately 55 nM) than in low salt, pyrene excimers were absent, implying that peptides were farther apart in the complex. Heat shock-activated peptide binding exhibited characteristics of both low salt and high salt modes of binding. Anisotropy and average lifetime of the bound pyrene suggested that peptides were probably located in a solvent-accessible hydrophobic binding pocket in low salt, whereas in high salt, the peptide may be buried in a less hydrophobic (more hydrophilic) environment. These results suggested that peptide-gp96 complexes were assembled in several different ways, depending on the assembly conditions. Resonance energy transfer between the intrinsic tryptophan(s) in gp96 and pyrene suggested that one or more tryptophan residues were within the critical Forster distance of 27-30 A from the pyrene in the bound peptide. It is proposed that peptides are assembled within higher order gp96 complexes (dimers, etc.) in a hydrophobic pocket and that there may be a conformational change in gp96 leading to an open configuration for peptide loading. (+info)

Pathologic changes induced in respiratory tract mucosa by polycyclic hydrocarbons of differing carcinogenic activity. (7/624)

Seven aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons (PCHs) were investigated for their toxic effects on respiratory mucosa: benzo(e)pyrene (BeP), pyrene, anthracene, benz(a)anthracene(BaA), dibenz(a,c)anthracene(DBacA), benzo (a)pyrene (BaP), and dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). The compounds were chosen because they comprise a spectrum of PCHs ranging from noncarcinogens, to initiators, to weak and strong carcinogens. All of them except DMBA are environmentally relevant chemicals. The chemicals were tested over an 8-week period. Heterotopic tracheal transplants were continously exposed and the histopathologic effects induced by the various PCHs were periodically assessed semiquantitatively. All PCHs exhibited varying degrees of toxicity for respiratory epithelium and submucosa. BeP clearly showed the least toxicity followed by pyrene and anthracene. BaA and DBacA caused marked epithelial and submucosal changes. In addition to epithelial hyperplasia, undifferentiated epithelium and squamous metaplasia developed. Marked mononuclear infiltration occurred in the subepithelial connective tissue. With BaP the epithelial and submucosal changes were similar but were much stronger. DMBA was the most toxic substance, causing epithelial necrosis followed by generalized keratinizing squamous metaplasia; the subepithelial changes consisted of an early acellular exudate and, later (at 8 weeks), marked condensation and hyalinization of the lamina propria. The toxic response pattern of the tracheal mucosa to carcinogenic agents was characterized by the chronicity of epithelial and connective tissue damage, as opposed to the short-lived hyperplastic and inflammatory response elicited by the noncarcinogens and weak initiators. (+info)

2'-Pyrene modified oligonucleotide provides a highly sensitive fluorescent probe of RNA. (8/624)

Oligonucleotide 9mers containing 2'-O-(1-pyrenylmethyl)uridine [U(pyr)] at the center position were synthesized by using a protected U(pyr) phosphoramidite. The UV melting behaviors indicate that the pyrene-modified oligonucleotides can bind to both their complementary DNA and RNA in aqueous solution. When compared with the unmodified oligonucleotides, the pyrene-modified oligonucleotides showed higher affinity for DNA while exhibiting lower affinity for RNA. The pyrene-modified oligonucleotides in diluted solution exhibited fluorescence typical of pyrene monomer emission [lambdamax 378 (band I) and 391 nm (band III)]. When these oligomers bound to DNA, the fluorescence intensity ratio of band III/band I was increased. With this fluorescence change, a new broad emission (lambdamax 450 nm) due to exciplex between the pyrene and an adjacent nucleobase appeared. In contrast, addition of RNA to the pyrene oligonucleotides resulted in enhancement of the pyrene monomer emission with decrease in the fluorescence band ratio. The extent of the emission enhancement was found to be highly dependent on the nucleobase adjacent to the U(pyr) in the pyrene oligomers. The pyrene oligonucleotide containing dC at the 3'-site of the modification showed remarkable increase (approximately 250 times) in fluorescence (375 nm) upon binding to complementary RNA. The present findings would open the way to the design of a highly sensitive fluorescent probe of RNA. (+info)

benz[a]pyrene. 3,4-benzpyrene. 3,4-benzopyrene. 3,4-benz[a]pyrene. 3,4-benzo[a]pyrene ... "benzo[a]pyrene". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.. *^ Assessment of Benzo-alpha-pyrene Emissions in the Great Lakes Region, pp 23-24 ... Benzo[a]pyrene is first oxidized by cytochrome P450 1A1 to form a variety of products, including (+)benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-epoxide. ... Benzo[a]pyrene, showing the base pyrene ring and numbering and ring fusion locations according to IUPAC nomenclature of organic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzo(a)pyrene

benz[a]pyrene. 3,4-benzpyrene. 3,4-benzopyrene. 3,4-benz[a]pyrene. 3,4-benzo[a]pyrene. pentacyclo[10.6.2.02,7.09,19.016,20] ... "benzo[a]pyrene". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.. *^ Assessment of Benzo-alpha-pyrene Emissions in the Great Lakes Region, pp 23-24 ... Benzo[a]pyrene is first oxidized by cytochrome P450 1A1 to form a variety of products, including (+)benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-epoxide. ... Benzo[a]pyrene, showing the base pyrene ring and numbering and ring fusion locations according to IUPAC nomenclature of organic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzo

... ranged from 6 to 88 mg/kg and fluoranthene and pyrene were generally the most abundant PAHs.[63] Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), the most ... An adduct formed between a DNA strand and an epoxide derived from a benzo[a]pyrene molecule (center); such adducts may ... Mutagenic PAHs, such as benzo[a]pyrene, usually have four or more aromatic rings as well as a "bay region", a structural pocket ... Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., 3-methylcholanthrene, benzo[a]pyrene, benzanthracenes, benzoflavones (e.g., beta- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycyclic_aromatic_hydrocarbon

Pyrenes with thick walls. The generic name Lasianthus is derived from the Greek lasios, "shaggy, velvety, hairy", and anthos, " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasianthus

Benzo(a)pyrene " 0.010 μg/l 0.2 μg/l 0.0028 μg/l " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinking_water_quality_standards

Mineralizes phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene, but not anthracene or benzo[a]pyrene. Differential characteristics The ... Etymology: pyrenivorans; digesting pyrene. Microscopy Gram-positive, acid-fast rods. Colony characteristics The rough colonies ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycobacterium_pyrenivorans

In 1911, Pyrene patented a small, portable extinguisher that used the chemical. The extinguisher consisted of a brass bottle ... "Pyrene Fire Extinguishers". Vintage Fire Extinguishers. Archived from the original on 25 March 2010. Retrieved 23 December 2009 ... the Pyrene Manufacturing Company of Delaware filed a patent to use carbon tetrachloride to extinguish fires. The liquid was ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_tetrachloride

Z. f. pyrenes Verity, 1921. *Z. f. seeboldi Oberthur, 1910. *Z. f. siciliensis Verity, 1917 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six-spot_Burnet

"Piquentum Wines". Les Caves de Pyrene. 2018-01-23. "The influence of yeasts type and malolactic fermentation on the quality of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teran_grape

Mistry, A. (31 May 2012). "Dehydration of 3,4-dihydro-5H-Benzo[cd]pyren-5-ol; 6H-Benzo[cd]pyrene". ChemSpider. Royal Society of ... The synthesis starts using a Wittig reaction of pyrene carboxaldehyde. To obtain the ylide needed, firstly triphenyl phosphine ... pyrenes". Chemistry: A European Journal. 21 (5): 2011-2018. doi:10.1002/chem.201404877. Palmer, J. (28 May 2012). "'Olympic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympicene

... degrades pyrene. Parte, A.C. "Bowmanella". LPSN. "Bowmanella pacifica Taxon Passport - StrainInfo". www. ... nov., isolated from a pyrene-degrading consortium". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 59 (7): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowmanella_pacifica

"All you needed to know about qvevri but were afraid to ask". Les Caves De Pyrene. Retrieved Oct 6, 2019.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvevri

Fruit is a globose drupe with 5 pyrenes. Source: Hindi - Nalbila Marathi - Ranabili, Gudmai Tamil - Puilipan cheddi, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipadessa

Four higher annellated pyrenes with acene character". Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed): 2681. doi:10.1039/JR9570002681 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heptacene

pyrene as its sodium saltt. Perylene in the form of its alkali metal (M = Li, Na, Cs) etherates. Cyclooctatetraene is reduced ... Ease of formation is in the order benzene < naphthalene < anthracene < pyrene, etc. Salts of the radical anions are often not ... Kucera, Benjamin E.; Jilek, Robert E.; Brennessel, William W.; Ellis, John E. (2014). "Bis(pyrene)metal complexes of vanadium, ... niobium and titanium: Isolable homoleptic pyrene complexes of transition metals". Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical_anion

Hand propelled Pyrene fire extinguisher. Shand Mason horse-drawn fire engine. Shand Mason horse-drawn steam pump BOR 316 Dennis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milestones_Museum

Crystal and molecular structure of a benzo-a-pyrene 7,8-diol 9,10-epoxide N2-deoxyguanosine adduct: Absolute configuration and ... Dietary exposure estimation of benzo[a]pyrene and cancer risk assessment. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Part A ... Kazerouni N, Sinha R, Hsu CH, Greenberg A, Rothman N. Analysis of 200 food items for benzo[a]pyrene and estimation of its ... Aygün SF, Kabadayi F. Determination of benzo[a]pyrene in charcoal grilled meat samples by HPLC with fluorescence detection. ...

https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzo

Klankeo, Piriya; Nopcharoenkul, Wannarak; Pinyakong, Onruthai (2009). "Two novel pyrene-degrading Diaphorobacter sp. and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudoxanthomonas_japonensis

Theoretical and experimental studies on pyrene derivatives". Afterwards, she worked as a scientist at the European Synchrotron ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simone_Techert

nov., isolated from a pyrene-degrading consortium". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 59 (7): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowmanella

Bebryx was also the father of Pyrene. Strabo 7.3.2 Sergent 1988, pp. 345-350. Delamarre 2003, p. 69: "B. Sergent a démontré de ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bebryces

... is a hydrocarbon similar to pyrene. Single bonds with hydrogen replace the double bonds in the benzene rings. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perhydropyrene

nov., isolated from a pyrene-degrading consortium". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 61 (Pt 6 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitratireductor_pacificus

The fruit matures black or brown, separating into four corky pyrenes. Volkameria aculeata and Volkameria glabra are grown as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkameria

... is prepared by oxidation of pyrene. Typical oxidants are chromic acid and chlorine. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naphthalenetetracarboxylic_dianhydride

It is a structural isomer of the alternant PAH pyrene. It is not as thermodynamically stable as pyrene. Its name is derived ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluoranthene

... is a pyrene-degrading marine gammaprotobacterium. It is of the genus Alcanivorax, a group of marine ... nov., isolated from a deep-sea pyrene-degrading consortium". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology ... nov., isolated from a deep-sea pyrene-degrading consortium". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcanivorax_pacificus

Benzo[α]pyrene interacts with deoxyguanosine of the DNA, damaging it and potentially starting the processes that can lead to ... pyrene. DNA consists of sequences of four bases - guanine, adenine, cytosine, and thymine - bound to a deoxyribonucleic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimney_sweeps'_carcinoma

nov., isolated from a pyrene-degrading microbial enrichment, and emended description of the genus Parapedobacter". ... Parapedobacter pyrenivorans has the ability to degrade pyrene. Parte, A.C. "Parapedobacter". LPSN. "Parapedobacter pyrenivorans ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parapedobacter_pyrenivorans

Rentz JA, Alvarez PJ, Schnoor JL (February 2008). "Benzo[a]pyrene degradation by Sphingomonas yanoikuyae JAR02". Environmental ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphingomonas_yanoikuyae

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzo%28a%29pyrene

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzo

Pyrene was first isolated from coal tar, where it occurs up to 2% by weight. As a peri-fused PAH, pyrene is much more resonance ... Pyrenes fluorescence emission spectrum is very sensitive to solvent polarity, so pyrene has been used as a probe to determine ... Experiments in pigs show that urinary 1-hydroxypyrene is a metabolite of pyrene, when given orally. Pyrenes are strong electron ... Pyrene and its derivatives are used commercially to make dyes and dye precursors, for example pyranine and naphthalene-1,4,5,8- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrene

Other names: «beta»-Pyrene; Benzo[def]phenanthrene; Pyren; Coal tar pitch volatiles:pyrene ...

https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C129000&Units=SI&Mask=80

Pyrene punctata Willan, 2001. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 29 January 2011. "Pyrene punctata". ... Pyrene punctata, common name : the telescoped dove shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrene_punctata

Other names: Benz[a]pyrene; 1,2-Benzpyrene; 3,4-Benzopyrene; 3,4-Benzpyrene; 3,4-Benz[a]pyrene; 6,7-Benzopyrene; Benzo[d,e,f] ... The pyrene series, Tetrahedron, 1979, 35, 1027. [all data] Akiyama, Li, et al., 1979. Akiyama, I.; Li, K.C.; LeBreton, P.R.; Fu ... The ground-state electronic structure of aryloxiranes and metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene, J. Phys. Chem., 1979, 83, 2997. [all ...

https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C50328&Units=CAL&Mask=FFFF

... is a pyrenes (CHEBI:59659) ... Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol KEGG COMPOUND Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8 ... CHEBI:34562 - Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol. Main. ChEBI Ontology. Automatic Xrefs. Reactions. Pathways. Models. ...

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:34562

pyrene synonyms, pyrene pronunciation, pyrene translation, English dictionary definition of pyrene. n. The stone of certain ... pyrene. Also found in: Thesaurus, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia. py·rene 1. (pī′rēn′, pī-rēn′). n.. The stone of certain fruits, such ... pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(b) fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, indeno(1,2,3-cd) pyrene, and benzo(g,h,i)perylene ... pyrene; benz[a]anthracene; chrysene; benzo[k] fluoranthene; benzo[b]fluoranthene; benzo[a]pyrene; indeno[1, 2,3-cd]pyrene; ...

https://www.thefreedictionary.com/pyrene

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database ...

https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/inchi/InChI%3D1S/C19H11N/c1-2-4-15-13

Analytical Chemistry Molecular Structure Pyrene Fluorescence Spectrum Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 43 ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00660435

This chapter provides the diffusion coefficient of pyrene in octane at infinite dilution for various temperature and pressure ... Winkelmann J. (2018) Diffusion coefficient of pyrene in octane at infinite dilution. In: Lechner M.D. (eds) Diffusion in Gases ... This chapter provides the diffusion coefficient of pyrene in octane at infinite dilution for various temperature and pressure ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-662-54089-3_2387

... pyrene. Find out what is in your tap water ... pyrene results for Owensboro Municipal Utilities , Benzo[a] ... Benzo[a]pyrene. Owensboro Municipal Utilities. Benzo[a]pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, or PAH, released from ... The EWG Health Guideline of 0.007 ppb for benzo[a]pyrene was defined by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard ... The legal limit for benzo[a]pyrene, established in 1992, was based on analytical detection limits at the time that the standard ...

https://www.ewg.org/tapwater/system-contaminant.php?pws=KY0300336&contamcode=2306

... pyrene (192654) was prepared for the NIOSH criteria documentation program. Those items that are preceeded by a number are ... This preliminary bibliography on dibenzo(a,e)pyrene (192654) was prepared for the NIOSH criteria documentation program. Those ...

https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nioshtic-2/00094703.html

Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice ...

https://www.echa.europa.eu/de/web/guest/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/12145/5/2/3

Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.. ...

https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/12145/5/5/2

... pyrene , C21H14O , CID 92049 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature ...

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/92049

Tag Archives: benzo[a]pyrene. The Dose Makes the Poison - or does it?. By Kacee Deener ... Tagged 1, 4-dioxane (inhalation update), benzo[a]pyrene, biphenyl, ETBE, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, Gina McCarthy, health ... Until then, check out an example of dose-response assessment in Section 2 of the IRIS assessment of benzo[a]pyrene. And read ... Tagged benzo[a]pyrene, dose response, EPAs Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) Program, exposure, Human Health Risk ...

https://blog.epa.gov/tag/benzoapyrene/

Benzo[e]pyrene. EC no.: 205-892-7 CAS no.: 192-97-2 ...

https://www.echa.europa.eu/pl/web/guest/information-on-chemicals/ec-inventory/-/dislist/details/205-892-7

Comparison of phenanthrene and pyrene degradation by different wood-decaying fungi.. Sack U1, Heinze TM, Deck J, Cerniglia CE, ... Phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography and identified by UV absorption, ... The degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene was investigated by using five different wood-decaying fungi. After 63 days of ... No 14CO2 evolution was detected in either [14C]phenanthrene or [14C]pyrene liquid cultures of Flammulina velutipes, Laetiporus ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9327556

... A. S. Oliveira,1 ... Photodegradation study of pyrene adsorbed onto microcrystalline cellulose and silica," International Journal of Photoenergy, ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijp/2004/260871/cta/

Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). CASRN 50-32-8. *Toxicological Review (PDF) (234 pp, 4.67 M) ... Under EPAs Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (U.S. EPA, 2005a), benzo[a]pyrene is "carcinogenic to humans" based on ... Sep 2016: IRIS Toxicological Review of Benzo[a]pyrene (Interagency Science Discussion Draft) (Report) ... Jun 2011: IRIS Toxicological Review of Benzo[a]pyrene (Interagency Science Consultation Draft) (Report) ...

https://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/iris2/chemicalLanding.cfm?substance_nmbr=136

Benzo[a]pyrene is a polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and is found as the result of the combustion of organic matter such ... Benzo[a]pyrene is often the highest-risk contaminant at sites impacted by PAHs and historic fill materials such as ash, and ... While the Final Assessment concludes that benzo[a]pyrene is still a potent carcinogen, the revised parameters show that the ... Relief on the Way for Benzo[a]pyrene Cleanups? Manko Gold Katcher & Fox ...

https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=672ea3e0-ce17-4559-be82-ef452d1bba4a

... pyrene-induced Toxicity indicating that the following substances may be helpful: Curcumin, Quercetin, and Rutin ... Additional Keywords : Beet, Benzo(a)pyrene, Betaine, lung cancer, Vinyl Carbamate. Problem Substances : Benzo(a)pyrene, Vinyl ... Diseases : Benzo[a]pyrene-induced Toxicity , Lung Cancer. Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic, Bcl-2 protein down-regulation, ... Diseases : Benzo[a]pyrene-induced Toxicity , Lung Cancer, Lung Damage. Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Inflammatory Agents, ...

https://www.greenmedinfo.com/disease/benzoapyrene-induced-toxicity

... pyrene-7,8-dione , C20H10O2 , CID 105020 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents ...

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Benzo_a_pyrene-7_8-dione

Pyrene and its derivatives are used commercially to make dyes and dye precursors, for example pyranine and naphthalene-1,4,5,8- ... Lateral diffusion in the hydrophobic region of membranes: use of pyrene excimers as optical probes.Biochimica et Biophysica ... Environmental effects on vibronic band intensities in pyrene monomer fluorescence and their application in studies of micellar ...

https://www.alfa.com/en/catalog/L08162/

... pyrene testing. Laboratory testing for 3,4-Benzopyrene 50-32-8. 200-028-5 is yellow crystals or powder [found in cigarette ... Synonyms: Benz[a]pyrene;1,2-Benzpyrene;3,4-Benzopyrene;3,4-Benzpyrene;3,4-Benz[a]pyrene;6,7-Benzopyrene;Benzo[«alpha»]pyrene; ... Benzo(a)pyrene. ALS Environmental may or may not test for Benzo(a)pyrene (CAS # 50-32-8). Information is subject to change; ... Analyte: Benzo(a)pyrene. Alternate Name: 3,4-Benzopyrene. Abbreviation: BAP. CAS Number or ID: 50-32-8. Department: Organics. ...

http://www.caslab.com/Benzoapyrene.php5

... pyrene (CAAC-benzo[a]pyrene panel), will review this draft assessment. Details about the CAAC-Benzo[a]pyrene panel, meeting ... IRIS Toxicological Review of Benzo[a]pyrene (Public Comment Draft) * IRIS Toxicological Review of Benzo[a]pyrene (Interagency ... Benzo[a]pyrene is a five-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that is relatively insoluble in water and has low volatility. It ... Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). CASRN 50-32-8. *Toxicological Review (PDF) (234 pp, 4.67 M) ...

https://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/iris_drafts/recordisplay.cfm?deid=280022

Benzo(a)pyrene - Toxicity. Toxicity. A vast number of studies over the previous three decades have documented links between ...

http://www.primidi.com/benzoapyrene/toxicity

Benzo(a)pyrene. Synonyms: 3,4-Benz(a)pyrene. 3,4-Benzopyrene. 3,4-Benzpyrene. 6,7-Benzopyrene. Benzo(d,e,f)chrysene. B(a)P. BP ... Tumor-initiating activity and carcinogenicity of dibenzo(a,l)pyrene versus 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene and benzo(a)pyrene at ... Epidermal hyperplasia after topical application of benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(a)pyrene diol epoxides, and other metabolites. Cancer ... Comparative dose-response tumorigenicity studies of dibenzo(a,l)pyrene versus 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene ...

http://www.intox.org/databank/documents/chemical/benzopyr/cie698.htm

Benzo(a)pyrene is present as a component of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the environment, usually resulting from ...

http://www.intox.org/databank/documents/chemical/supp/eics0104.htm

The correct title of this article is Benzo[ a ]pyrene . (wikipedia.org)
Benzo[ a ]pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the result of incomplete combustion of organic matter at temperatures between 300 °C (572 °F) and 600 °C (1,112 °F). The ubiquitous compound can be found in coal tar, tobacco smoke and many foods, especially grilled meats. (wikipedia.org)
Benzo[ a ]pyrene (BaP) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in coal tar with the formula C 20 H 12 . (wikipedia.org)
Benzo[ a ]pyrene, showing the base pyrene ring and numbering and ring fusion locations according to IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry . (wikipedia.org)
However, 12.08 and14.68 ppb for Benzo(e)pyrene and 5.62 ppb for Indenol (1, 2, 3 - cd) pyrene exceeded the expected limit. (thefreedictionary.com)
Benzo(a)pyrene is present as a component of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the environment, usually resulting from the incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of organic matters, especially fossil fuels and tobacco. (inchem.org)
Benzo[a]pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, or PAH, released from combustion of fossil fuels and waste incinerators. (ewg.org)
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.007 ppb for benzo[a]pyrene was defined by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a public health goal, the level of a drinking water contaminant that does not pose a significant health risk. (ewg.org)
The legal limit for benzo[a]pyrene, established in 1992, was based on analytical detection limits at the time that the standard was set. (ewg.org)
Until then, check out an example of dose-response assessment in Section 2 of the IRIS assessment of benzo[a]pyrene . (epa.gov)
Under EPA's Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (U.S. EPA, 2005a), benzo[a]pyrene is "carcinogenic to humans" based on strong and consistent evidence in animals and humans. (epa.gov)
Relief on the Way for Benzo[a]pyrene Cleanups? (lexology.com)
Land developers and remediators in Pennsylvania and New Jersey may soon have an easier time addressing soils containing benzo[a]pyrene, one of the most ubiquitous urban contaminants, thanks to updated information that was just released by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (lexology.com)
The new information comes from EPA's Final Assessment of Benzo[a]pyrene , which was completed in January 2017 and is now part of EPA's Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). (lexology.com)
While the Final Assessment concludes that benzo[a]pyrene is still a potent carcinogen, the revised parameters show that the chemical is not as toxicologically potent as was previously thought. (lexology.com)
Benzo[a]pyrene is a polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and is found as the result of the combustion of organic matter such as wood, coal, oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, kerosene, and charcoal. (lexology.com)
Benzo[a]pyrene is often the highest-risk contaminant at sites impacted by PAHs and historic fill materials such as ash, and drives the remediation of soil that would otherwise be accepted as 'clean' for all other regulated substances. (lexology.com)
The revised toxicity criteria form the basis for the New Jersey Soil Remediation Standards and the Pennsylvania Statewide Health Standards, which define the acceptable default levels of benzo[a]pyrene that can be present in soil. (lexology.com)
6-Gingerol abates benzo[a]pyrene-induced colonic injury. (greenmedinfo.com)
6-gingerol delays tumorigenesis in benzo[a]pyrene and dextran sulphate sodium-induced colorectal cancer. (greenmedinfo.com)
6-Gingerol protected against spermatotoxicity in experimental model of interaction of colitis with environmental pollutant benzo[a]pyrene. (greenmedinfo.com)
Anti-inflammatory and apoptotic signalling effect of fucoxanthin on benzo(A)pyrene-induced lung cancer. (greenmedinfo.com)
Antineoplaston A10 has a chempreventive effect on benzo(a)pyrene-induced pulmonary neoplasia. (greenmedinfo.com)
Assessment of the protective effects of selected dietary anticarcinogens against DNA damage and cytogenetic effects induced by benzo[a]pyrene. (greenmedinfo.com)
ALS Environmental may or may not test for Benzo(a)pyrene (CAS # 50-32-8). (caslab.com)
More analytical test methods may be available for Benzo(a)pyrene. (caslab.com)
The IRIS Toxicological Review of Benzo[a]pyrene was released for external peer review in September 2014. (epa.gov)
The EPA's Science Advisory Board's (SAB) Chemical Assessment Advisory Committee (CAAC) conducted a peer review of the scientific basis supporting the benzo[a]pyrene assessment and released a final report of their review in April 2016. (epa.gov)
Benzo[a]pyrene is a five-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that is relatively insoluble in water and has low volatility. (epa.gov)
Natural sources of benzo[a]pyrene include forest fires and volcanoes, and anthropogenic sources include stoves/furnaces burning fossil fuels (especially wood and coal), motor vehicle exhaust, and various industrial combustion processes. (epa.gov)
In September 2014, EPA submitted the draft IRIS assessment of benzo[a]pyrene (see downloads) to the agency's Science Advisory Board (SAB) for peer review and comments. (epa.gov)
The SAB Chemical Assessment Advisory Committee (CAAC), augmented for the review of the draft IRIS assessment of benzo[a]pyrene (CAAC-benzo[a]pyrene panel), will review this draft assessment. (epa.gov)
Details about the CAAC-Benzo[a]pyrene panel, meeting dates, and times will be announced in a Federal Register Notice released by the SAB. (epa.gov)
Additional information on the SAB-CAAC review of benzo[a]pyrene is on the SAB website. (epa.gov)
EPA initiated the interagency science consultation on the draft Toxicological Review of Benzo[a]pyrene. (epa.gov)
A revised interagency science consultation draft Toxicological Review of Benzo[a]pyrene was provided for further review by other federal agencies and the Executive Office of the President. (epa.gov)
EPA announced a request for nominations for experts to augment the SAB CAAC committee for the upcoming review of the draft benzo[a]pyrene assessment. (epa.gov)
SAB released a list and biosketches of potential candidates to augment the SAB CAAC for the upcoming review of the draft benzo[a]pyrene assessment. (epa.gov)
EPA transmitted the external peer review draft benzo[a]pyrene assessment, including responses to major public comments, and the draft charge to the peer reviewers to the SAB. (epa.gov)
Benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) is not produced commercially and does not occur as a pure substance, except as a research chemical (99% purity). (intox.org)
Benzo(a)pyrene is widely distributed in the environment as a by-product of the incomplete combustion and thermal decomposition (pyrolysis) of fossil fuels and organic matter. (intox.org)
Pure benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) is a dust with an extremely low tendency to form a vapour. (intox.org)
Contact sensitization (an allergic skin reaction) has been reported in animals following short-term exposure to benzo(a)pyrene. (intox.org)
Fisetin modulates mitochondrial enzymes and apoptotic signals in benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung cancer. (nih.gov)
The present study was aimed to delineate in vivo mechanisms of orally administered fisetin with special reference to mitochondrial dysfunction in lung tissues employing benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) as the model lung carcinogen. (nih.gov)
Pulmonary microsomal metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene following exposure of rats to silica. (cdc.gov)
The effects of administering silica (14808607) to rats on the pulmonary microsomal metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene (50328) (BP) was examined. (cdc.gov)
The distribution of radioactive material within maternal and embryonic/fetal mouse tissue was studied over a period of 2 days following a single dose of 14C-benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) orally on days 11, 12, 13 or 18 of pregnancy. (nih.gov)
Effect of eugenol on the mutagenicity of benzo[a]pyrene and the formation of benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adducts in the X-lacZ-transgenic mouse. (tudelft.nl)
Overexpression of Catalase Enhances Benzo(a)pyrene Detoxification in Endothelial Microsomes. (sigmaaldrich.com)
We previously reported that overexpression of catalase upregulated xenobiotic- metabolizing enzyme (XME) expression and diminished benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) intermediate accumulation in mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs). (sigmaaldrich.com)
Activity of rat UGT1A1 towards benzo[a]pyrene phenols and dihydrodiols. (biomedsearch.com)
Four UDP-glucuronosyltransferases from the rat UGT1A family were tested for activity towards benzo[a]pyrene phenols and dihydrodiols. (biomedsearch.com)
Antisera recognizing rat UGT1A1 and UGT1A7 were used to assess UGT levels in relation to UGT activity towards benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol (BPD). (biomedsearch.com)
A global-scale three dimensional atmospheric transport and chemistry model was applied to simulate transpacific transport of Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) emitted from Asia. (oregonstate.edu)
We used an approach of global optimization of the parametersdescribing the diffusion and reaction of the ultimate carcinogenic PAHmetabolite benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide to fit measured values from the fourV79 cell lines. (diva-portal.org)
We developed a food frequency questionnaire with detailed questions on meat-cooking methods and doneness levels and a benzo[ a ]pyrene (BaP) database (as a surrogate for total carcinogenic PAHs) based on the collection and analysis of a wide range of food samples. (aacrjournals.org)
Animal studies have shown that dietary intake of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a PAH, causes increased levels of tumors at several sites, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract ( 11 ). (aacrjournals.org)
The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproductive risk associated with exposure of adult male Fisher-344 (F-344) rats to inhaled benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a ubiquitous environmental toxicant present in cigarette smoke, automobile exhaust fumes and industrial emissions. (mdpi.com)
We review studies which investigate the presence, using structure-specific analytical methods, of DNA or protein adducts of the carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in human tissues. (nih.gov)
beta-Glucuronidase catalyzes the hydrolysis of benzo[a]pyrene-3-glucuronide to 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene. (sciencemag.org)
During the enzymatic hydrolysis, a benzo[a]pyrene derivative is formed which binds to DNA to a far greater extent than either the 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene or its glucuronide. (sciencemag.org)
These results suggest that conjugates of benzo(a)pyrene may be converted by beta-glucuronidase at intracellular and organ sites distal to the initial sites of oxygenation and conjugation of benzo(a)pyrene to activated intermediates that are possibly carcinogenic. (sciencemag.org)
In complementary experiments, sulforaphane blocked benzo[ a ]pyrene-evoked forestomach tumors in ICR mice. (pnas.org)
S. J. Weeks, S. M. Gilles, and A. P. D'Silva, "Detection of Benzo[a]pyrene Metabolites by Laser-Excited Shpol'skii Spectrometry," Appl. (osapublishing.org)
The infamous carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and its metabolites are often used as marker compounds to assess human exposure to total PACs and to study the development of cancer. (osapublishing.org)
Effect of dihydromyricetin on benzo[a]pyrene activation in rats. (nel.edu)
Since this flavonoid is being considered for human use, the in vivo study of DHM interactions with the cytochrome P450 (CYP) multienzyme system in the respect of metabolic activation of a model food-born carcinogen, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), is of high importance. (nel.edu)
For evaluation of the capacity for metabolism of these carcinogens in this target tissue, the conversion of the carcinogen benzo( a )pyrene (BP) to polar products was studied in tracheal organ cultures and in isolated tracheal microsomes. (aacrjournals.org)
Benzo( a )pyrene is considered a classic DNA-damaging carcinogen and is one of a multitude of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons commonly found in tobacco smoke and in the ambient environment. (aacrjournals.org)
In this report, we describe the characteristics of chromosomal aberrations induced in vitro by activated benzo( a )pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE) in lymphocyte cultures of 172 normal individuals ages 19-95 years and present the analysis of a pilot case-control study of 33 lung cancer patients and 96 selected controls without history of cancer and frequency matched on age (50-85 years) to the cases. (aacrjournals.org)
Foreskins from children who were circumcised 2 to 4 days after birth contain an enzyme system that hydroxylates the carcinogen benzo[α]pyrene. (sciencemag.org)
When foreskin was cultured for 16 hours in the presence of 10 micromolar benz[α]anthracene, a two- to fivefold increase in activity of benzo[α]pyrene hydroxylase was obtained. (sciencemag.org)
Benzo(a)pyrene is part of a class of chemicals called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). (burningissues.org)
Benzo(a)pyrene is on the priority pollutant list published by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (burningissues.org)
Where can benzo(a)pyrene be found and how is it used? (burningissues.org)
Benzo(a)pyrene is found in nature from the eruption of volcanoes and forest fires. (burningissues.org)
Man-made releases of benzo(a)pyrene are to the air, where sunlight turns the chemical into a dry form that falls to the ground and breaks down in the soil. (burningissues.org)
The major indoor sources of benzo(a)pyrene in the air are wood-burning fireplaces and stoves, and tobacco smoking. (burningissues.org)
There is no known industry production or use of benzo(a)pyrene. (burningissues.org)
How can people be exposed to benzo(a)pyrene? (burningissues.org)
Breathing air containing benzo(a)pyrene in the workplace. (burningissues.org)
You can also breathe benzo(a)pyrene from cigarette smoke, wood smoke, vehicle exhaust, asphalt roads or smoke from burning farm plants. (burningissues.org)
Contact with benzo(a)pyrene in the air, water, or soil near a waste site, or another polluted site. (burningissues.org)
Nursing infants may be exposed through breast milk, especially if the mother lives near a waste site containing benzo(a)pyrene. (burningissues.org)
How does benzo(a)pyrene work and how can it affect my health? (burningissues.org)
Benzo[a]pyrene is a probable cancer-causing agent in humans. (burningissues.org)
If benzo(a)pyrene is on your skin when you are being exposed to sunlight or ultraviolet light, the risk of skin cancer is greater. (burningissues.org)
Repeated exposure to substances containing benzo[a]pyrene may cause the skin to thicken and darken, and for pimples to appear. (burningissues.org)
Bronchitis may result from repeated exposure to mixtures containing benzo(a)pyrene. (burningissues.org)
How is benzo(a)pyrene poisoning treated? (burningissues.org)
There is no treatment for benzo(a)pyrene. (burningissues.org)
What should I do if exposed to benzo(a)pyrene? (burningissues.org)
Anyone who may have been exposed to high levels of benzo(a)pyrene should be removed from the source of exposure immediately. (burningissues.org)
Clothing in contact with benzo(a)pyrene should be removed and discarded. (burningissues.org)
Skin and eyes exposed to benzo(a)pyrene should be flushed with clean water for at least 15 minutes. (burningissues.org)
What factors limit use or exposure to benzo(a)pyrene? (burningissues.org)
Workers should use benzo(a)pyrene in a regulated, enclosed area with local exhaust ventilation. (burningissues.org)
The area should be marked as a site where benzo(a)pyrene is handled, used, stored or formed. (burningissues.org)
Is there a medical test to show whether I've been exposed to benzo(a)pyrene? (burningissues.org)
For references , please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/concentration-of-benzo-a-pyrene-bap-in-the-upper-soil-in-kindergartens-in-the-czech-cities-monitored-in-2004 or scan the QR code. (europa.eu)
NOEs between benzo[a]pyrene and DNA protons were localized on the two faces of the pyrenyl ring. (rcsb.org)
G18 N1H showed NOEs to both faces of benzo[a]pyrene. (rcsb.org)
1 ppm for T17 H6 and CH3, and 0.75 ppm for C5 H5, with a smaller shift for C5 H6, and a 1.5 ppm dispersion of the pyrenyl protons suggested that benzo[a]pyrene intercalated above the 5'-face of S.R.S.R A6. (rcsb.org)
The rise between C5.G18 and S.R.S.R A6.T17 was calculated to be 7 A. The work extended the pattern for adenine N6 benzo[a]pyrene adducts, in which the R stereochemistry at C10 predicted 5'-intercalation of the pyrenyl moiety. (rcsb.org)
Lin, T. and Yang, M.S. (2007) Benzo [a] pyrene-induced elevation of GSH level protects against oxidative stress and enhances xenobiotic detoxification in human HepG2 cells. (scirp.org)
The present study has been undertaken to examine whether exposure to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compound influences the metabolism of fluoranthene (FLA), another PAH compound. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
To determine the effectiveness of these two exposure scenarios, we studied the in vitro metabolism of two PAH compounds benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and fluoranthene (FLA) using microsomes. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Transformation rates of naphthalene, phenanthrene, and benzo[ a ]pyrene in oxidized surficial sediments of a polluted urban estuary, Boston Harbor, Mass., were determined over a period of 15 months. (asm.org)
phenanthrene, 7.9 to 19.8 days, and benzo[ a ]pyrene, 53.7 to 82.3 days. (asm.org)
Antibodies generated against benzo(a)pyrene diol epoxide modified DNA were used to investigate adducts in skin biopsies of coal tar treated psoriasis patients. (eurekamag.com)
Recently, fast-growing Mycobacteria have been identified that can degrade HMW PAHs, such as pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. (tennessee.edu)
Previous studies showed that dietary calcium D-glucarate (CG) inhibited benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)-induced A/J mouse lung tumorigenesis, suppressing cell proliferation and chronic inflammation and inducing apoptosis during late post-initiation stages. (spandidos-publications.com)
The objective of this study was to determine whether sediment ingestion or water ventilation was the primary route of uptake for benzo[ a ]pyrene (B a P) in the gizzard shad ( Dorosoma cepedianum ), a detritivorous fish. (usgs.gov)
The litter-decomposing basidiomycete Stropharia coronilla , which preferably colonizes grasslands, was found to be capable of metabolizing and mineralizing benzo[ a ]pyrene (BaP) in liquid culture. (asm.org)
19 different PAHs (including benzo(a)pyrene, pyrene, and phenanthrene) were measured at the workplace by personal air monitoring. (ebscohost.com)
Concentrations of phenanthrene, pyrene, and benzo(a)pyrene in air correlated well with the concentration of total PAHs in air;they could be used for comparisons of different workplaces if the emission compositions were known. (ebscohost.com)
In this study effect of residential wood combustion on the benzo[ a ]pyrene concentrations in the air of Helsinki metropolitan area was studied, using ambient air measurements, emission estimates and dispersion modeling. (atmos-chem-phys.net)
With the use of synthetic and biologically produced metabolites, seven of nine peaks are tentatively assigned to one or more metabolites of benzo[ a ]pyrene. (aspetjournals.org)
Peaks B, D, F, and I include products of benzo[ a ]pyrene quinones that are further metabolized. (aspetjournals.org)
Peak E reflects almost exclusively both the cis - and trans -7,8-diol 9,10-epoxides of benzo[ a ]pyrene. (aspetjournals.org)
Peak H comprises reactive intermediates resulting from the further metabolism of benzo[ a ]pyrene phenols. (aspetjournals.org)
The 7,8-oxide and the 9,10-oxide contribute to peaks E, F, G, and H. Benzo[ a ] pyrene thus may be metabolized to four different "types" of reactive intermediates capable of binding to DNA: (a) primary arene oxides, (b) diol epoxides, (c) phenols oxygenated further, and (d) quinones oxygenated further (or quinone-derived free radicals). (aspetjournals.org)
Benzo(a)pyrene inhibits epidermal growth factor binding and receptor autophosphorylation in human placental cell cultures. (aspetjournals.org)
Studies investigated the effects of benzo(a)pyrene (BP) treatment on epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor binding and kinase activity in human placental cell cultures. (aspetjournals.org)
Antioxidant vitamin supplementation reduces benzo(a)pyrene-DNA adducts and potential cancer risk in female smokers. (ccceh.org)
Background: Elevated benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P]-DNA adducts have been associated with 3-fold increased risk of lung cancer in current smokers. (ccceh.org)
To improve understanding of the soil-dermal exposure pathway, in vitro assessments of radiolabeled benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) absorption through human epidermis were conducted. (washington.edu)
In May 2017 the CORESTA Tobacco and Tobacco Products Analytes Sub-Group (TTPA SG) initiated a collaborative study for the determination of ammonia and benzo[a]pyrene in smokeless tobacco, cigarette filler, and ground cigars (wrapper, binder, and filler). (coresta.org)
In this study, a new complementary DNA (cDNA) of the CYP1B subfamily encoding 1B1 was isolated from Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) liver after intracoelomic injection with benzo (a) pyrene (BaP). (ajol.info)
Benzo (a) pyrene-albumin adducts in humans exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an industrial area of Poland. (ehesp.fr)
Objectives-The interaction of benzo (a) pyrene with serum albumin was measured in an attempt to identify the actual exposure and to evaluate albumin adduct measurements as biomarkers for exposure monitoring. (ehesp.fr)
Methods-Benzo (a) pyrene-diolepoxide (BPDE) - albumin adducts were measured by competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in plasma of coke oven plant workers from three plants and from people living in a highly industrialised area of Silesia in Poland. (ehesp.fr)
The possible interactions of high dietary levels of fat (HF) or fat + cholesterol (HC) with the lipid-soluble carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene (BP) have been investigated in the male guinea pig. (soton.ac.uk)
G6PD deficiency protects in vitro growing HSF and lymphocytes from benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) toxicity. (springer.com)
F. Feo, L. Pirisi, R. Pascale, L. Daino, S. Frassetto and R. Garcea, Modulatory effect of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency on the benzo(a)pyrene toxicity and transforming activity for in vitro cultured human skin fibroblasts, Cancer Res. (springer.com)
F. Feo, L. Pirisi, R. Pascale, L. Daino, S. Frassetto, S. Zanetti and R. Garcea, Modulatory mechanisms of chemical carcinogenesis: the role of the NADPH pool in benzo(a)pyrene activation, Toxicol. (springer.com)
L. Pirisi, R. Garcea, R. Pascale, M. E. Ruggiu and F. Feo, Control of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency on the formation of mutagenic and carcinogenic metabolites derived from benzo(a)pyrene, Toxicol. (springer.com)
K. Rudo, S. Ellis, B. J. Bryant, K. Lawrence, G. Curtis, H. Garland and S. Nesnow, Quantitative analysis of the metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene by transformable C3H10T1/2CL8 mouse embryo fibroblasts, Teratog. (springer.com)
L. A. Reinke, P. McManus, F. C. Kauffman and R. G. Thurman, Benzo(a)-pyrene phenol production by perfused rat liver and its inhibition by ethanol, Cancer Res. (springer.com)
I. J. Sadowski, J. A. Wright and L. G. Israels, A permeabilized cell system for studying regulation of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase: NADPH as rate limiting factor in benzo(a)pyrene metabolism, Int. J. Biochem. (springer.com)

Preliminary Bibliography for Dibenzo(a,e)pyrene. (cdc.gov)
This preliminary bibliography on dibenzo(a,e)pyrene (192654) was prepared for the NIOSH criteria documentation program. (cdc.gov)
Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP), an extremely potent environmental carcinogen, has been isolated from urban air samples, tobacco smoke, and coal smoke condensate. (oregonstate.edu)

Most studies reviewed here measured tetraols released from DNA or protein by hydrolysis of adducts derived from (7R,8S)-dihydroxy-(9S,10R)-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE), a major ultimate carcinogen of BaP. (nih.gov)

Pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system. (wikipedia.org)
DeBruyn, Jennifer M., "Distribution and dynamics of pyrene-degrading Mycobacteria in freshwater sediments contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. (tennessee.edu)
To investigate the specificity of biological monitoring variables (excretion of phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites in urine) and the usefulness of some biomarkers of effect (alkaline filter elution, {sup}32{end}P postlabeling assay, measurement of sister chromatid exchange)in workers exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). (ebscohost.com)

Phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography and identified by UV absorption, mass, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. (nih.gov)
Fungi capable of mineralizing phenanthrene and pyrene in liquid culture produced enriched metabolites substituted in the K region (C-9,10 position of phenanthrene and C-4,5 position of pyrene), whereas all other fungi investigated produced metabolites substituted in the C-1,2, C-3,4, and C-9,10 positions of phenanthrene and the C-1 position of pyrene. (nih.gov)
After 24 hr the metabolites formed in tracheal organ cultures largely cochromatographed with tetrols, triols, and the trans -9,10-dihydro-9-10-dihydroxybenzo( a )pyrene of BP. (aacrjournals.org)
Phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites were measured in 24 hour urine samples. (ebscohost.com)

Pyrene forms during incomplete combustion of organic compounds. (wikipedia.org)
The highest mineralization of [14C] pyrene was detected in straw cultures of T. versicolor (34.1%), which suggested that mineralization of both compounds by fungi may be independent of the number of aromatic rings. (nih.gov)
A new class of dual fluorescent chemosensors for nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) based on phosphonated pyrene derivatives is reported, showing high selectivity towards trinitrotoluene (TNT). (rsc.org)
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrenes. (drugbank.ca)
These are compounds containing a pyrene moiety, which consists four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system. (drugbank.ca)
Pyrene used as a model PAH due to its specific volatility and miscibility characteristics, relatively soluble yet hydrophobic to explore the potential of sepiolite (Turkish origin) to sorb hydrophobic organic compounds from aqueous solution. (surrey.ac.uk)
However, its intracrystalline interactions with pyrene were more favorable than the surface Si-OH groups which could react directly with pyrene to form compounds with true covalent bonds (chemical interactions) between sepiolite and pyrene. (surrey.ac.uk)

Comparison of phenanthrene and pyrene degradation by different wood-decaying fungi. (nih.gov)
The degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene was investigated by using five different wood-decaying fungi. (nih.gov)
In recent years, pyrene‐based porous materials have been widely used in various fields, such as photo‐catalysis, photoelectric devices, chemical sensing, gas storage and separation, and degradation of nerve agent simulants due to their excellent rigidity and photophysical properties. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Influence of contact time on extractability and degradation of pyrene in sons. (lancs.ac.uk)

A. S. Oliveira, L. F. Vieira Ferreira, J. P. Da Silva, and J. C. Moreira, "Surface photochemistry: Photodegradation study of pyrene adsorbed onto microcrystalline cellulose and silica," International Journal of Photoenergy , vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 205-213, 2004. (hindawi.com)
The document reports on such a study of pyrene and in addition, compares the pressure-enhanced electronic relaxation for the monomeric and excimeric forms of pyrene. (dtic.mil)

The ratios of excretion to intake via dermal absorption for fluorene, phenanthrene, and pyrene were lower than the ratios from dietary exposure but higher than the ratios from inhalation. (thefreedictionary.com)
These PAHs are naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, and pyrene , all present in high concentrations in the complex Superfund-derived PAH mixture. (thefreedictionary.com)

This work demonstrates the prevalence of pyrene-degrading organisms in contaminated sediments and implicates an integral role in natural attenuation of HMW PAHs. (tennessee.edu)

Here, we report the covalent functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with pyrene via Cu(i)-catalysed azide/alkyne click (CuAAC) reactions under mild conditions to afford the nanocomposites of pyrene-MWCNTs. (biomedsearch.com)
N-(1-Pyrene)maleimide is highly fluorescent upon covalent binding with sulfhydryl and amino groups of the proteins. (spie.org)

This review exposes the current poor understanding of the internal segmental chain dynamics of dendrimers in solution probed by monitoring the process of excimer formation between pyrene labels covalently attached to the chain ends of dendrimers. (mdpi.com)
The review begins by covering the bases of fluorescence and the kinetics of pyrene excimer formation before describing a procedure based on the Model Free (MF) analysis that is used to analyze quantitatively the fluorescence decays acquired for dendrimers, the ends of which have been fully and covalently labeled with pyrene. (mdpi.com)
Comparison of the various trends obtained by different research groups describing the efficiency of pyrene excimer formation with the generation number of dendrimers illustrates the lack of consensus between the few studies devoted to the topic. (mdpi.com)

One possible reason for this disagreement might reside in the presence of minute amounts of unattached pyrene labels which act as potent fluorescent impurities and affect the analysis of the fluorescence spectra and decays in an uncontrolled manner. (mdpi.com)
Fluorescent probe for Fe(iii) based on pyrene grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes by click reaction. (biomedsearch.com)
The fluorescent signal of monomer pyrene actin is enhanced during its polymerization into filaments, making it an ideal tool for monitoring actin filament formation. (cytoskeleton.com)
Stringent quality control ensures that AP05 pyrene F-actin has a 7-12 fold fluorescent enhancement over non-polymerized pyrene G-actin (See Fig 2). (cytoskeleton.com)
Polymerized pyrene F-actin shows a 10 fold fluorescent enhancement over non-polymerized pyrene G-actin and buffer control. (cytoskeleton.com)

A pyrene-functionalized polymer was patterned via electron beam lithography onto a silicon wafer and shown to selectively bind with carbon nanotubes . (rsc.org)

0.5 can be used as a measure of the dimension of the macromolecular object onto which the pyrene labels are covalently attached. (uwaterloo.ca)

The review points out that the MF analysis of the fluorescence decays acquired with pyrene-labeled dendrimers enables one to account for the presence of unattached pyrene and to retrieve information about the internal segmental dynamics of the dendrimer. (mdpi.com)

The substance with the formula C 20 H 12 is one of the benzopyrenes , formed by a benzene ring fused to pyrene . (wikipedia.org)

An N-(1-pyrene) iodoacetamide is used to label the actin protein. (cytoskeleton.com)
Pyrene labeling stoichiometry has been determined to be 0.6 dyes per actin monomer. (cytoskeleton.com)
Pyrene labeled rabbit muscle actin has an approximate molecular weight of 43 kDa, and is supplied as a white lyophilized powder. (cytoskeleton.com)
Pyrene Muscle Actin Protein Purity Determination. (cytoskeleton.com)
A 100 µg sample of pyrene muscle actin (molecular weight approx. (cytoskeleton.com)
Fluorescence enhancement during pyrene actin polymerization. (cytoskeleton.com)
Pyrene muscle actin was polymerized in duplicate wells of a 96-well plate by the addition of Actin Polymerization Buffer (Cat. (cytoskeleton.com)
Pressure-relaxation studies of pyrene-labelled actin and myosin subfragment 1 from rabbit skeletal muscle. (biochemj.org)

Its derivatives are also valuable molecular probes via fluorescence spectroscopy, having a high quantum yield and lifetime (0.65 and 410 nanoseconds, respectively, in ethanol at 293 K). Pyrene was the first molecule for which excimer behavior was discovered. (wikipedia.org)

Cyclopenta[c,d]pyrene (CAS 27208-37-3) Market Research Report 2017 contents were worked out and placed on the website in December, 2017. (marketpublishers.com)
Please note that Cyclopenta[c,d]pyrene (CAS 27208-37-3) Market Research Report 2017 is a half ready publication and contents are subject to change. (marketpublishers.com)

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to characterize the nanocomposites of pyrene clicked MWCNTs. (biomedsearch.com)

Pyrene and its derivatives are used commercially to make dyes and dye precursors, for example pyranine and naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid. (wikipedia.org)

Environmental effects on vibronic band intensities in pyrene monomer fluorescence and their application in studies of micellar systems. (alfa.com)
The work established the magnitude of environmental influences on the singlet lifetime of pyrene and demonstrated a remarkable insensitivity of the emitting species to the nature of the microscopic surroundings, be it monomer or excimer. (dtic.mil)
Eight pyrene labeled dendrons (PyLDs) were prepared with a polyester backbone of bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid and the monomer and excimer fluorescence decays of the PyLDs were acquired and fitted according to the recently introduced model free analysis (MFA). (uwaterloo.ca)

Pyrene punctata, common name : the telescoped dove shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Columbellidae, the dove snails. (wikipedia.org)

Experiments in pigs show that urinary 1-hydroxypyrene is a metabolite of pyrene, when given orally. (wikipedia.org)

As a peri-fused PAH, pyrene is much more resonance-stabilized than its five-member-ring containing isomer fluoranthene. (wikipedia.org)

The nonsterile pasture soil was the only incubation to show significant loss of [C-14]pyrene-associated activity over the 24-week incubation. (lancs.ac.uk)
Significant nonextractable residues were formed with increased soil-pyrene contact time in all soils, with the largest increase found in the nonsterile pasture soil. (lancs.ac.uk)
After 24-week soil-pyrene contact time, the bioavailability of the added [C-14]pyrene was assessed by bacterial mineralization. (lancs.ac.uk)

Pyrene-carbon-tetrachloride complexes have been observed when polar and non-polar solvents have been used. (osu.edu)

In this study, temporal changes in extractability of [C-14]pyrene were followed in two soils with differing organic matter contents under sterile and nonsterile conditions over 24 weeks. (lancs.ac.uk)

Winkelmann J. (2018) Diffusion coefficient of pyrene in octane at infinite dilution. (springer.com)

The results of these studies indicate the pyrene-degrading Mycobacteria have broad, cosmopolitan distribution in contaminated sediments and suspended particles. (tennessee.edu)

It provides guidelines that should enable future studies on pyrene-labeled dendrimers to yield results that are more straightforward to interpret. (mdpi.com)

The compound is one of the benzopyrenes , formed by a benzene ring fused to pyrene , and is the result of incomplete combustion at temperatures between 300 °C (572 °F) and 600 °C (1,112 °F). (wikipedia.org)