Pulmonary Atelectasis
Percussion
Palpation
Physical Examination
Brain Injuries
Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits.
Airway closure, atelectasis and gas exchange during general anaesthesia. (1/295)
Airway closure and the formation of atelectasis have been proposed as important contributors to impairment of gas exchange during general anaesthesia. We have elucidated the relationships between each of these two mechanisms and gas exchange. We studied 35 adults with healthy lungs, undergoing elective surgery. Airway closure was measured using the foreign gas bolus technique, atelectasis was estimated by analysis of computed x-ray tomography, and ventilation-perfusion distribution (VA/Q) was assessed by the multiple inert gas elimination technique. The difference between closing volume and expiratory reserve volume (CV-ERV) increased from the awake to the anaesthetized state. Linear correlations were found between atelectasis and shunt (r = 0.68, P < 0.001), and between CV-ERV and the amount of perfusion to poorly ventilated lung units ("low Va/Q", r = 0.57, P = 0.001). Taken together, the amount of atelectasis and airway closure may explain 75% of the deterioration in PaO2. There was no significant correlation between CV-ERV and atelectasis. We conclude that in anaesthetized adults with healthy lungs, undergoing mechanical ventilation, both airway closure and atelectasis contributed to impairment of gas exchange. Atelectasis and airway closure do not seem to be closely related. (+info)Kinetics of absorption atelectasis during anesthesia: a mathematical model. (2/295)
Recent computed tomography studies show that inspired gas composition affects the development of anesthesia-related atelectasis. This suggests that gas absorption plays an important role in the genesis of the atelectasis. A mathematical model was developed that combined models of gas exchange from an ideal lung compartment, peripheral gas exchange, and gas uptake from a closed collapsible cavity. It was assumed that, initially, the lung functioned as an ideal lung compartment but that, with induction of anesthesia, the airways to dependent areas of lung closed and these areas of lung behaved as a closed collapsible cavity. The main parameter of interest was the time the unventilated area of lung took to collapse; the effects of preoxygenation and of different inspired gas mixtures during anesthesia were examined. Preoxygenation increased the rate of gas uptake from the unventilated area of lung and was the most important determinant of the time to collapse. Increasing the inspired O2 fraction during anesthesia reduced the time to collapse. Which inert gas (N2 or N2O) was breathed during anesthesia had minimal effect on the time to collapse. (+info)'Alveolar recruitment strategy' improves arterial oxygenation during general anaesthesia. (3/295)
Abnormalities in gas exchange during general anaesthesia are caused partly by atelectasis. Inspiratory pressures of approximately 40 cm H2O are required to fully re-expand healthy but collapsed alveoli. However, without PEEP these re-expanded alveoli tend to collapse again. We hypothesized that an initial increase in pressure would open collapsed alveoli; if this inspiratory recruitment is combined with sufficient end-expiratory pressure, alveoli will remain open during general anaesthesia. We tested the effect of an 'alveolar recruitment strategy' on arterial oxygenation and lung mechanics in a prospective, controlled study of 30 ASA II or III patients aged more than 60 yr allocated to one of three groups. Group ZEEP received no PEEP. The second group received an initial control period without PEEP, and then PEEP 5 cm H2O was applied. The third group received an increase in PEEP and tidal volumes until a PEEP of 15 cm H2O and a tidal volume of 18 ml kg-1 or a peak inspiratory pressure of 40 cm H2O was reached. PEEP 5 cm H2O was then maintained. There was a significant increase in median PaO2 values obtained at baseline (20.4 kPa) and those obtained after the recruitment manoeuvre (24.4 kPa) at 40 min. This latter value was also significantly higher than PaO2 measured in the PEEP (16.2 kPa) and ZEEP (18.7 kPa) groups. Application of PEEP also had a significant effect on oxygenation; no such intra-group difference was observed in the ZEEP group. No complications occurred. We conclude that during general anaesthesia, the alveolar recruitment strategy was an efficient way to improve arterial oxygenation. (+info)Dynamics of re-expansion of atelectasis during general anaesthesia. (4/295)
A major cause of impaired gas exchange during general anaesthesia is atelectasis, causing pulmonary shunt. A 'vital capacity' (VC) manoeuvre (i.e. inflation of the lungs up to 40 cm H2O, maintained for 15 s) may re-expand atelectasis and improve oxygenation. However, such a manoeuvre may cause adverse cardiovascular effects. Reducing the time of maximal inflation may improve the margin of safety. The aim of this study was to analyse the change over time in the amount of atelectasis during a VC manoeuvre in 12 anaesthetized adults with healthy lungs. I.v. anaesthesia with controlled mechanical ventilation (VT 9 (SD 1) ml kg-1) was used. For the VC manoeuvre, the lungs were inflated up to an airway pressure (Paw) of 40 cm H2O. This pressure was maintained for 26 s. Atelectasis was assessed by analysis of computed x-ray tomography. The amount of atelectasis, measured at the base of the lungs, was 4.0 (SD 2.7) cm2 after induction of anaesthesia. The decrease in the amount of atelectasis over time during the VC manoeuvre was described by a negative exponential function with a time constant of 2.6 s. At an inspired oxygen concentration of 40%, PaO2 increased from 17.2 (4.0) kPa before to 22.2 (6.0) kPa (P = 0.013) after the VC manoeuvre. Thus in anaesthetized adults undergoing mechanical ventilation with healthy lungs, inflation of the lungs to a Paw of 40 cm H2O, maintained for 7-8 s only, may re-expand all previously collapsed lung tissue, as detected by lung computed tomography, and improve oxygenation. We conclude that the previously proposed time for a VC manoeuvre may be halved in such subjects. (+info)Comparable postoperative pulmonary atelectasis in patients given 30% or 80% oxygen during and 2 hours after colon resection. (5/295)
BACKGROUND: High concentrations of inspired oxygen are associated with pulmonary atelectasis but also provide recognized advantages. Consequently, the appropriate inspired oxygen concentration for general surgical use remains controversial. The authors tested the hypothesis that atelectasis and pulmonary dysfunction on the first postoperative day are comparable in patients given 30% or 80% perioperative oxygen. METHODS: Thirty patients aged 18-65 yr were anesthetized with isoflurane and randomly assigned to 30% or 80% oxygen during and for 2 h after colon resection. Chest radiographs and pulmonary function tests (forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume) were obtained preoperatively and on the first postoperative day. Arterial blood gas measurements were obtained intraoperatively, after 2 h of recovery, and on the first postoperative day. Computed tomography scans of the chest were also obtained on the first postoperative day. RESULTS: Postoperative pulmonary mechanical function was significantly reduced compared with preoperative values, but there was no difference between the groups at either time. Arterial gas partial pressures and the alveolar-arterial oxygen difference were also comparable in the two groups. All preoperative chest radiographs were normal. Postoperative radiographs showed atelectasis in 36% of the patients in the 30%-oxygen group and in 44% of those in the 80%-oxygen group. Relatively small amounts of pulmonary atelectasis (expressed as a percentage of total lung volume) were observed on the computed tomography scans, and the percentages (mean +/- SD) did not differ significantly in the patients given 30% oxygen (2.5% +/- 3.2%) or 80% oxygen (3.0% +/- 1.8%). These data provided a 99% chance of detecting a 2% difference in atelectasis volume at an alpha level of 0.05. CONCLUSIONS: Lung volumes, the incidence and severity of atelectasis, and alveolar gas exchange were comparable in patients given 30% and 80% perioperative oxygen. The authors conclude that administration of 80% oxygen in the perioperative period does not worsen lung function. Therefore, patients who may benefit from generous oxygen partial pressures should not be denied supplemental perioperative oxygen for fear of causing atelectasis. (+info)Positive end-expiratory pressure improves respiratory function in obese but not in normal subjects during anesthesia and paralysis. (6/295)
BACKGROUND: Morbidly obese patients, during anesthesia and paralysis, experience more severe impairment of respiratory mechanics and gas exchange than normal subjects. The authors hypothesized that positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) induces different responses in normal subjects (n = 9; body mass index < 25 kg/m2) versus obese patients (n = 9; body mass index > 40 kg/m2). METHODS: The authors measured lung volumes (helium technique), the elastances of the respiratory system, lung, and chest wall, the pressure-volume curves (occlusion technique and esophageal balloon), and the intraabdominal pressure (intrabladder catheter) at PEEP 0 and 10 cm H2O in paralyzed, anesthetized postoperative patients in the intensive care unit or operating room after abdominal surgery. RESULTS: At PEEP 0 cm H2O, obese patients had lower lung volume (0.59 +/- 0.17 vs. 2.15 +/- 0.58 l [mean +/- SD], P < 0.01); higher elastances of the respiratory system (26.8 +/- 4.2 vs. 16.4 +/- 3.6 cm H2O/l, P < 0.01), lung (17.4 +/- 4.5 vs. 10.3 +/- 3.2 cm H2O/l, P < 0.01), and chest wall (9.4 +/- 3.0 vs. 6.1 +/- 1.4 cm H2O/l, P < 0.01); and higher intraabdominal pressure (18.8 +/-7.8 vs. 9.0 +/- 2.4 cm H2O, P < 0.01) than normal subjects. The arterial oxygen tension was significantly lower (110 +/- 30 vs. 218 +/- 47 mmHg, P < 0.01; inspired oxygen fraction = 50%), and the arterial carbon dioxide tension significantly higher (37.8 +/- 6.8 vs. 28.4 +/- 3.1, P < 0.01) in obese patients compared with normal subjects. Increasing PEEP to 10 cm H2O significantly reduced elastances of the respiratory system, lung, and chest wall in obese patients but not in normal subjects. The pressure-volume curves were shifted upward and to the left in obese patients but were unchanged in normal subjects. The oxygenation increased with PEEP in obese patients (from 110 +/-30 to 130 +/- 28 mmHg, P < 0.01) but was unchanged in normal subjects. The oxygenation changes were significantly correlated with alveolar recruitment (r = 0.81, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: During anesthesia and paralysis, PEEP improves respiratory function in morbidly obese patients but not in normal subjects. (+info)Reverse mismatched ventilation-perfusion pulmonary imaging with accumulation of technetium-99m-DTPA in a mucous plug in a main bronchus: a case report. (7/295)
The phenomenon of reverse mismatched ventilation-perfusion on pulmonary scintigraphy is a fairly common occurrence. We present a patient who was experiencing decreasing oxygen saturation and had a reverse mismatched ventilation-perfusion imaging pattern associated with radiotracer retention in a main bronchus. Technetium-99m-DTPA aerosol lung imaging showed tracer retention in the trachea and right main bronchus, absent ventilation in the right lung, and normal ventilation in the left lung. Technetium-99m-MAA perfusion lung images showed normal perfusion of the left lung and some perfusion in the right lung. These findings represented a reverse ventilation-perfusion mismatch. Reverse mismatched ventilation-perfusion, or totally absent ventilation with preservation of some perfusion in the right lung, resulted in functional intrapulmonary shunting, which explained the decreasing oxygen saturation observed in this patient. A concurrent portable chest radiograph showed elevation of the right hemidiaphragm, a shift of the mediastinum to the right, deviation of the endotracheal tube, narrowing of the intercostal space of the right thorax, and collapse of the right lower lobe. The radiographic findings of underventilation of the right lung with atelectasis of the right lower lobe were due to mucous plugging the right main bronchus. (+info)Targeted disruption of NDST-1 gene leads to pulmonary hypoplasia and neonatal respiratory distress in mice. (8/295)
In order to address the biological function of GlcNAc N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase-1 (NDST-1), we disrupted the NDST-1 gene by homologous recombination in mouse embryonic stem cells. The NDST-1 null mice developed respiratory distress and atelectasis that subsequently caused neonatal death. Morphological examination revealed type II pneumocyte immaturity, which was characterized by an increased glycogen content and a reduced number of lamellar bodies and microvilli. Biochemical analysis further indicated that both total phospholipids and disaturated phosphatidylcholine were reduced in the mutant lung. Our data revealed that NDST-1 was essential for the maturation of type II pneumocytes and its inactivation led to a neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. (+info)
Left lung collapse, no trauma, no medical history
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Atelectasis
Factors also associated with the development of atelectasis include: age, presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or ... microatelectasis and contraction atelectasis. Relaxation atelectasis (also called passive atelectasis) is when a pleural ... Post-surgical atelectasis will be bibasal in pattern. Chest CT or bronchoscopy may be necessary if the cause of atelectasis is ... "Types and mechanisms of pulmonary atelectasis." Journal of thoracic imaging 11.2 (1996): 92-108. White, Gary C. (2002). Basic ...
Pulmonary alveolus
Without pulmonary surfactant, atelectasis is a certainty. Insufficient surfactant in the lungs of preterm infants causes infant ... Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is a rare lung disorder of small stone formation in the alveoli. A pulmonary contusion is a ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pulmonary alveoli. Pulmonary+Alveoli at the US National Library of Medicine Medical ... A pulmonary alveolus (plural: alveoli, from Latin alveolus, "little cavity"), also known as an air sac or air space, is one of ...
Pulmonary hygiene
... prevents atelectasis (the collapse of the alveoli of the lungs) and rids the respiratory system of secretions ... Pulmonary hygiene, formerly referred to as pulmonary toilet, is a set of methods used to clear mucus and secretions from the ... pulmonary toilet pulmonary physiotherapy. Galvis AG, Reyes G, Nelson WB (1994). "Bedside management of lung collapse in ... pulmonary embolism, pulmonary edema with congestive heart failure and an open or healing wound in the area where chest ...
Pulmonary surfactant
To increase pulmonary compliance. To prevent atelectasis (collapse of the alveoli or atriums) at the end of expiration. To ... As a medication, pulmonary surfactant is on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in ... Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active complex of phospholipids and proteins formed by type II alveolar cells. The proteins ... Pulmonary surfactant thus greatly reduces surface tension, increasing compliance allowing the lung to inflate much more easily ...
Hospital-acquired pneumonia
Atelectasis Congestive heart failure Pulmonary embolism Usually initial therapy is empirical. If sufficient reason to suspect ...
Acute liver failure
Pulmonary haemorrhage, pleural effusions, atelectasis, and intrapulmonary shunts also contribute to respiratory difficulty. In ... Pulmonary edema and pulmonary infections are commonly seen in patients with ALF. Mechanical ventilation may be required. ... Pulmonary complications occur in up to 50% of patients. Severe lung injury and hypoxemia result in high mortality. Most cases ... Pulmonary artery catheterization should be considered. Hypotension should be treated preferentially with fluids, but systemic ...
Postpartum infections
Atelectasis: mild to moderate fever, no changes or mild rales on chest auscultation. Management: pulmonary exercises, ... PPD 0: atelectasis risk factors include general anesthesia, cigarette smoking, and obstructive lung disease. PPD 1-2: urinary ... "Atelectasis". The Lecturio Medical Concept Library. Retrieved 7 July 2021. "Urinary Tract Infection". Centers for Disease ... Causes (listed in order of decreasing frequency) include endometritis, urinary tract infection, pneumonia/atelectasis, wound ...
Alton Sutnick
Pulmonary surfactant in atelectasis. Anesthesiology 1964; 25: 676-681. Sutnick, A.I., Soloff, L.A. Pulmonary arterial occlusion ... lung cancer and pulmonary embolism, which are all associated with atelectasis. Between 1958 and 1965, Sutnick conducted ... Sutnick, A.I. Pulmonary surfactant. In: Gordon, B.L., Carleton, R.A., Faber, L.P. (eds.), Clinical Cardiopulmonary Physiology, ... Sutnick established a laboratory for the study of pulmonary surfactant at Temple University School of Medicine. He was the ...
Pulmonary contusion
... can cause parts of the lung to consolidate, alveoli to collapse, and atelectasis (partial or total lung ... Lacerations can result in pulmonary hematomas; these are reported to develop in 4-11% of pulmonary contusions. Pulmonary ... Pulmonary contusion and laceration are injuries to the lung tissue. Pulmonary laceration, in which lung tissue is torn or cut, ... Pulmonary ultrasound, performed at the bedside or on the accident scene, is being explored as a diagnosis for pulmonary ...
Bronchiectasis
Atelectasis occur when one or more segments of the lungs collapse or do not inflate properly. Other pulmonary complications ... It is classified as an obstructive lung disease, along with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. The diagnosis is ... Bronchiectasis could be caused by: inhalation of ammonia and other toxic gases, chronic pulmonary aspiration of stomach acid ... Nonetheless, tobacco smoking can worsen pulmonary function and accelerate the progression of disease that is already present. ...
Hepatectomy
Pulmonary complications such as atelectasis and pleural effusion are commonplace, and dangerous in patients with underlying ...
Pneumonia
Pulmonary infiltrates that resolved after giving mechanical ventilation should point to heart failure and atelectasis rather ... Marik PE (May 2011). "Pulmonary aspiration syndromes". Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine. 17 (3): 148-54. doi:10.1097/MCP. ... and pulmonary emboli. Unlike pneumonia, asthma and COPD typically present with wheezing, pulmonary edema presents with an ... for example occult pneumonia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and can exclude pulmonary embolism and fungal pneumonia ...
Aspergillus ochraceus
Some of these diseased conditions are, subcutaneous edema, hydrothorax, hydroperitoneum, pulmonary atelectasis, edema of the ... subjected to this contaminated organic dust suffer from lung inflammation and decreased pulmonary function. In addition to lung ...
Asbestos-related diseases
Rounded atelectasis (also known as Blesovsky's or folded lung syndrome) develops from infolding of thickened visceral pleura ... DPT has a significant impact on pulmonary function, causing a decrease in forced vital capacity, reducing total lung capacity ... Batra, P., et al., Rounded atelectasis. Journal of Thoracic Imaging, 1996. 11(3): p. 187-97. [6] Park EK, Sandrini A, Yates DH ... It is defined as diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis secondary to asbestos exposure. It initially affects the lung bases ...
Incentive spirometer
Following abdominal or thoracic surgery to reduce risks of pulmonary complications including atelectasis and pneumonia Patients ... Atelectasis can develop and, if unmanaged, lead to pneumonia and postoperative fever. Pneumonia is a major lung complication ... Because of its role in pulmonary rehabilitation and inspiratory muscle training, this device may theoretically benefit patients ... Incentive spirometers are commonly used after surgery or other illnesses to prevent pulmonary complications. Incentive ...
Surgery
It has been linked to many disorders such as obesity hypoventilation syndrome, atelectasis and pulmonary embolism, adverse ...
Respiratory failure
Type 3 respiratory failure results from lung atelectasis. Because atelectasis occurs so commonly in the perioperative period, ... Ventilation/perfusion ratio Pulmonary shunt Kaynar AM, Sharma S (7 April 2020). Pinsky MR (ed.). "Respiratory Failure". ... Gai L, Tong Y, Yan B (July 2018). "The Effects of Pulmonary Physical Therapy on the Patients with Respiratory Failure". Iranian ... Patients in shock often experience respiratory distress due to pulmonary edema (e.g., in cardiogenic shock). Lactic acidosis ...
Perioperative mortality
Minor post-operative pulmonary complications include events such as atelectasis, bronchospasm, laryngospasm, and unanticipated ... Examples are deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, the risk of which can be mitigated by certain interventions, such as ... The value of preoperative testing, such as spirometry, to estimate pulmonary risk is of controversial value and is debated in ... However, in the early post-operative period a low-level fever may also result from anaesthetic-related atelectasis, which will ...
Surfactant metabolism dysfunction
Severe deficiency of pulmonary surfactant due to disturbed metabolism of any of these proteins can lead to some form of ... responsible to carry out adsorption of the lipid monolayer at the liquid-air interphase to prevent post expiration atelectasis ... Released pulmonary surfactant acts as a protective layer to prevent alveolar from collapsing due to surface tension. ... Used surfactant phospholipid materials are taken up into epithelial type II cells by pulmonary macrophages. Another important ...
Prune belly syndrome
Pulmonary hypoplasia, pneumonia, and atelectasis involving lung lobes Prune belly syndrome can result in distention and ... 77(2):251-7 Alford, Bennett A.; Peoples, W. M.; Resnick, Jack S.; L'Heureux, Philippe R. (November 1978). "Pulmonary ...
Raman Viswanathan
... and high altitude pulmonary oedema, among others. He published seven books which included Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Diseases of ... His researches also covered several other diseases such as cerebral malaria, basal tuberculosis, lung atelectasis, ... National Conference on Pulmonary Diseases (NAPCON) has instituted an annual oration, Prof. Raman Viswanathan Memorial Chest ... SK Jindal; Suhail Raoof; PS Shankar; Dheeraj Gupta (31 January 2011). Textbook of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Vols 1 ...
Vertebral column
It can also be caused by pulmonary atelectasis (partial or complete deflation of one or more lobes of the lungs) as observed in ...
Tuberculosis radiology
... with or without associated atelectasis or consolidation. Chest x-ray showing bilateral hilar adenopathy of primary pulmonary TB ... Pulmonary abnormalities - Pulmonary finding of a non-TB nature, such as a mass, that needs follow-up. Other - Any other finding ... However, chest radiographs may be used to rule out the possibility of pulmonary TB in a person who has a positive reaction to ... Chest x-ray showing nodule with margins that are indistinct or poorly defined (tree-in-bud sign) in post-primary pulmonary TB. ...
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Complications may include the following: Lungs: barotrauma (volutrauma), pulmonary embolism (PE), pulmonary fibrosis, ... Additional common findings in ARDS include partial collapse of the lungs (atelectasis) and low levels of oxygen in the blood ( ... hypertension pulmonary artery wedge pressure < 18 mmHg (obtained by pulmonary artery catheterization) if no measured LA ... fat emboli and reperfusion pulmonary edema after lung transplantation or pulmonary embolectomy. However, the majority of ...
Crackles
... can be heard in patients with pneumonia, atelectasis, pulmonary fibrosis, acute bronchitis, bronchiectasis, acute ... Crackles that do not clear after a cough may indicate pulmonary edema or fluid in the alveoli due to heart failure, pulmonary ... Pulmonary edema secondary to left-sided congestive heart failure can also cause crackles. René Laennec adopted the existing ... Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Physical Therapy: An Evidence-Based Approach, 3e'. McGraw-Hill; Accessed August 16, 2020 Laennec ...
William Pasteur
You may develop atelectasis if you breathe in a foreign object. The term atelectasis pulmonum was introduced in 1832 by the ... Pasteur, W. (September 1890). "Respiratory paralysis after diphtheria as a cause of pulmonary complications, with suggestions ... Atelectasis (at-uh-LEK-tuh-sis) is a complete or partial collapse of the entire lung or area (lobe) of the lung. It occurs when ... Atelectasis is one of the most common breathing (respiratory) complications after surgery. It's also a possible complication of ...
Prehabilitation
... such as pulmonary atelectasis, in general surgery. In 2013, a pilot study of prehabilitation in colorectal surgery found that ...
Cystic fibrosis
... pulmonary heart disease, and collapsed lung (atelectasis or pneumothorax). In rare cases, cystic fibrosis can manifest itself ... Pulmonary rehabilitation as a management of CF continues throughout a person's life, and is aimed at maximizing organ function ... It is not known if this type of therapy has an impact on pulmonary exacerbations or disease progression. It is not known what ... Patients with CF tend to have fatigue and dyspnoea due to chronic pulmonary infections, so reducing the amount of energy spent ...
Pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome
This pulmonary edema increases the thickness of the layer separating the blood in the capillary from the space in the air sacs ... Additional common findings in ARDS include partial collapse of the lungs (atelectasis) and low levels of oxygen in the blood ( ... noncardiogenic pulmonary edema). It is typically provoked by an acute injury to the lungs that results in flooding of the lungs ...
Meconium aspiration syndrome
Chronic hypoxia will lead to an increase in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle tone and persistent pulmonary hypertension causing ... atelectasis and respiratory acidosis. After 60 minutes of exposure, the meconium travels further down into the smaller airways ... Persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) is the failure of the foetal circulation to adapt to extra-uterine conditions after ... Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) acts on vascular smooth muscle causing selective pulmonary vasodilation. This is ideal in the ...
Aspiration pneumonia
Grippi MA, Elias JA, Fishman JA, Pack AI (2015-04-14). Fishman's pulmonary diseases and disorders (Fifth ed.). New York. ISBN ... The patients will have sudden arterial hypoxemia with development of lung atelectasis. The location is often gravity dependent ... Mukhopadhyay S, Katzenstein AL (May 2007). "Pulmonary disease due to aspiration of food and other particulate matter: a ... A patient's individual vigor may impact the development of pulmonary infections more than aspiration. Also increased pneumonia ...
Air trapping
Exhaled volumes are measured by a pulmonary function test or simple spirometry, leading to an elevated residual volume and a ... connective tissue recoil will remain lucent while the healthy portions of the lung will become more dense due to atelectasis. ... bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Air ...
Bronchiolitis
Infants with mild pulmonary symptoms may require only observation if feeding is unaffected. However, oral intake may be ... DNAse has not been found to be effective but might play a role in severe bronchiolitis complicated by atelectasis. There are no ... Chronic bronchiolitis is the general term used for small airways disease in adults, notably in chronic obstructive pulmonary ... Bacterial pneumonia Congenital heart disease Heart failure Whooping cough Allergic reaction Cystic fibrosis Chronic pulmonary ...
Foreign body aspiration
The most common complication from a foreign body aspiration is a pulmonary infection, such as pneumonia or a lung abscess. This ... Other x-ray findings that can be seen with foreign body aspiration include obstructive emphysema, atelectasis, and ... A physical examination by a clinician should include, at a minimum, a general assessment in addition to cardiac and pulmonary ... Haas, Andrew (2015). Fishman's Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders, 5th Eds. "Interventional Bronchoscopy". New York, NY: McGraw- ...
Occupational lung disease
Pulmonary aspiration can result when the lower intestinal sphincter relax and spill out gastric content into the esophagus.[ ... of aspirated material out of the tracheobronchial tree can result in acute and chronic conditions including atelectasis, post ... Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a respiratory disease that can encompass chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema. 15% of ... A third of all burn victims admitted to a hospital are affected by pulmonary injury from inhaling smoke and fatality from ...
Pneumothorax
... as this would result in rapid re-expansion of the lung and a risk of pulmonary edema ("re-expansion pulmonary edema"). The tube ... It is often called a "collapsed lung", although that term may also refer to atelectasis. A primary spontaneous pneumothorax is ... Levine DJ, Sako EY, Peters J (2008). Fishman's Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill. p. 1520. ISBN 978-0-07- ... Levine DJ, Sako EY, Peters J (2008). Fishman's Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill. p. 1519. ISBN 978-0-07- ...
Barotrauma
Pulmonary barotrauma (PBt) of ascent is also known as pulmonary over-inflation syndrome (POIS), lung over-pressure injury (LOP ... It is often called a "collapsed lung", although that term may also refer to atelectasis. Divers who breathe from an underwater ... Pulmonary barotrauma may also be caused by explosive decompression of a pressurised aircraft, as occurred on 1 February 2003 to ... Pulmonary barotrauma: Endotracheal intubation may be required if the airway is unstable or hypoxia persists when breathing 100 ...
Lung cancer
... can also be an incidental finding, as a solitary pulmonary nodule on a chest radiograph or CT scan done for an ... atelectasis (lung collapse), consolidation (pneumonia), or pleural effusion; however, some lung tumors are not visible by X-ray ... Lymph node staging depends on the extent of local spread: with the cancer metastasized to no lymph nodes (N0), pulmonary or ... Lung cancer can often appear as a solitary pulmonary nodule on a chest radiograph. However, the differential diagnosis is wide ...
Airway pressure release ventilation
... especially in pulmonary ARDS. APRV is used by many brands and models of mechanical ventilators under different names. Most ... acute respiratory distress syndrome and atelectasis after major surgery This is a type of inverse ratio ventilation. The ...
Thoracentesis
... and reexpansion pulmonary edema. Minor complications include a dry tap (no fluid return), subcutaneous hematoma or seroma, ... vs Constrictive pericarditis Transudate Congestive heart failure Nephrotic syndrome Hypoalbuminemia Cirrhosis Atelectasis ... Traditional expert opinion suggests that the aspiration should not exceed 1 L to avoid the possible development of pulmonary ...
Alveolar lung disease
A segmental or lobar pattern may be apparent after aspiration pneumonia, atelectasis, lung contusion, localized pulmonary edema ... Some more commonly seen instances of alveolar lung disease include pulmonary edema and pneumonia. For pulmonary edema, medical ... Chronic alveolar lung disease can be caused by pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, alveolar cell carcinoma, mineral oil pneumonia, ... Ventilatory support is recognized as an essential component to treat pulmonary edema and acute respiratory distress syndrome. ...
List of ICD-9 codes 460-519: diseases of the respiratory system
... spontaneous 513 Abscess of lung and mediastinum 514 Pulmonary congestion and hypostasis 515 Postinflammatory pulmonary fibrosis ... Acute chest syndrome 517.8 Lung involvement in other diseases classified elsewhere 518 Other diseases of lung 518.0 Atelectasis ... other and unspecified external agents 508.0 Acute pulmonary manifestations due to radiation 508.1 Chronic and other pulmonary ...
Hemothorax
The lungs are surrounded by two layers of tissue called the pulmonary pleurae. In most healthy people, these two layers are ... It can also cause a collapsed lung (atelectasis). Massive hemothorax, often defined as over 1.5 liters of blood initially when ... Additionally, broad spectrum antibiotics can be given in the case of open trauma or pulmonary rupture. Supportive care may be ... In cases of hemothorax complicating pulmonary embolism treatment, the hemothorax is usually on the side of the original ...
Oxygen toxicity
Clark, John M; Lambertsen, Christian J (1970). "Pulmonary oxygen tolerance in man and derivation of pulmonary oxygen tolerance ... Breathing 100% oxygen also eventually leads to collapse of the alveoli (atelectasis), while-at the same partial pressure of ... 6.8 and for pulmonary toxicity for c = 4.57. For pulmonary toxicity, time is in hours, and PO2 in atmospheres absolute, TI ... of oxygen was a pulmonary irritant. Pulmonary toxicity may be referred to as the "Lorrain Smith effect". The first recorded ...
Air bronchogram
Pulmonary edema Non-obstructive atelectasis Severe interstitial lung disease Pulmonary infarct Pulmonary hemorrhage Normal ... In pulmonary consolidations and infiltrates, air bronchograms are most commonly caused by pneumonia or pulmonary edema ( ... 2004). "The relationship between solitary pulmonary nodules and bronchi: multi-slice CT-pathological correlation". Clin Radiol ... "Evaluation of the solitary pulmonary nodule: size matters, but do not ignore the power of morphology". Insights into Imaging. 9 ...
Positive airway pressure
The main indications for positive airway pressure are congestive heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. There ... and for the prevention and treatment of atelectasis in patients with difficulty taking deep breaths. In these patients, PAP ...
Pulmonary Atelectasis: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology
Atelectasis refers to collapse of part of the lung. It may include a lung subsegment or the entire lung and is almost always a ... encoded search term (Pulmonary Atelectasis) and Pulmonary Atelectasis What to Read Next on Medscape ... Pulmonary Atelectasis. Updated: May 06, 2018 * Author: Nazir A Lone, MD, MBBS, MPH, FACP, FCCP; Chief Editor: Girish D Sharma, ... Pulmonary atelectasis: a pathogenic perioperative entity. Anesthesiology. 2005 Apr. 102 (4):838-54. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ...
Atelectasis Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Surgical Care
Atelectasis is defined as diminished volume affecting all or part of a lung. ... The term atelectasis is derived from the Greek words ateles and ektasis, which mean incomplete expansion. ... Middle lobe syndrome as the pulmonary manifestation of primary Sjogrens syndrome. Med J Aust. 2006 Mar 20. 184(6):294-5. [QxMD ... passive atelectasis from hypoventilation, compressive atelectasis from abdominal distension, and adhesive atelectasis due to ...
MeSH | Pulmonary Atelectasis (D001261)
Collapsed Lung | Atelectasis | Pneumothorax | MedlinePlus
... and atelectasis (partial collapse). Learn the symptoms, causes, and treatment. ... Pulmonary Rehabilitation: MedlinePlus Health Topic (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish ... Atelectasis (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) * Pneumothorax (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and ... Article: Progression of pulmonary cysts in Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome: longitudinal thoracic computed tomography... ...
Pulmonary atelectasis after reconstruction with a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap<...
title = "Pulmonary atelectasis after reconstruction with a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap",. abstract = "Atelectasis is the ... Pulmonary atelectasis after reconstruction with a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap. / Wax, Mark K.; Hurst, Janis. ... Pulmonary atelectasis after reconstruction with a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap. In: Laryngoscope. 1996 ; Vol. 106, No. 3 ... Wax MK, Hurst J. Pulmonary atelectasis after reconstruction with a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap. Laryngoscope. 1996 Mar; ...
Pulmonary Bleb
... , Lung Bleb, Lung Bullae, Pulmonary Bullae. ... Atelectasis //fpnotebook.com/. Pulmonary Bleb. Aka: Pulmonary ... pulmonary bulla, bleb lung, bulla lung, Pulmonary bulla, Emphysematous bulla of lung, Bulla of lung, Bulla of lung (finding), ... Pulmonary Bleb. *Small (,1-2 cm), thin walled (,1 mm) air containing spaces within the lung ... Pulmonary Bullae. *Larger (,1-2 cm) air containing spaces within the lung ...
ill] ATELECTASIS IN CHRONIC PULMONARY SUPPURATION | JAMA Surgery | JAMA Network
Observations on massive collapse of the lung and on other clinical conditions presenting extensive atelectasis enable us to ... ill] ATELECTASIS IN CHRONIC PULMONARY SUPPURATION. Arch Surg. 1927;14(5):1093-1106. doi:10.1001/archsurg.1927.01130170141006 ... and to call attention to its association with certain cases of chronic pulmonary suppuration. Lobar atelectasis has been ... ROENTGEN-RAY OBSERVATIONS IN LOBAR ATELECTASIS A deflated lobe of the lung is commonly pictured as a small puckered mass ...
Bronchiectasis: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) * Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Emphysema in Emergency Medicine ... Triple Therapy Benefit in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease * Fast Five Quiz: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ... Pulmonary Medicine General Practice Unit (F2), Senior Staff and Attending Physician, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care ... Pulmonary function test results may be normal or abnormal; abnormalities are as follows:. * Abnormalities may reflect ...
Asbestos Toxicity: Clinical Assessment | Environmental Medicine | ATSDR
Rounded atelectasis (folded lung). *Lesions that are similar in appearance to rounded atelectasis (i.e., solitary pulmonary ... Other pulmonary fibrosis. *Left ventricular failure (presents with dyspnea, rales, edema, restriction, and basilar markings on ... Folded atelectasis not only occurs after asbestos exposure but is associated with other exposures and medical conditions. ... In cases that are not clear cut, a referral to a pulmonary specialist for further workup is indicated. ...
Radiological features of pulmonary tuberculosis in 963 HIV-infected adults at three Central African Hospitals
Caring for the Client with Disorders of the Respiratory System | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | InformIT
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exists when prolonged disease or injury has ... Pulmonary studies show that the residual volume is increased while vital capacity is decreased. Arterial blood gases reveal ... Blue bloaters develop chronic hypoxia, cyanosis, polycythemia, cor pulmonale, pulmonary edema, and eventually respiratory ... can progress to right-sided heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. Chronic bronchitis and emphysema have similar symptoms ...
Pulmonary Examination Technique: Inspection, Palpation, Percussion
A thorough pulmonary examination best when broken down into 4 basic parts: Inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation ... encoded search term (Pulmonary Examination) and Pulmonary Examination What to Read Next on Medscape ... Pulmonary Examination Technique. Updated: Jan 02, 2019 * Author: Nazir A Lone, MD, MBBS, MPH, FACP, FCCP; Chief Editor: Zab ... During the pulmonary examination, inspection is a useful tool for the physician from which much information can be garnered. ...
Mercury | Medical Management Guidelines | Toxic Substance Portal | ATSDR
Patients with severe pulmonary toxicity can develop interstitial fibrosis and residual restrictive pulmonary disease. Other ... and atelectasis. ... Children may be at increased risk for pulmonary toxicity and ... Infrequently, severe pulmonary effects can progress to interstitial fibrosis and residual restrictive pulmonary disease. Other ... Children under 30 months of age are at increased risk for pulmonary toxicity and are more susceptible to death from respiratory ...
How Does Acetaminophen Work? Drug Class, Side Effects, Uses & Drug Names
Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) Therapy in ARDS - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Free Medical Flashcards about Diseases
Atelectasis. a collapse of lung tissue; an integral part of pulmonary disease. ... Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; a general term describing conditions (e.g. emphysema, asthma, chronic bronchitis) that ... Acute Pulmonary Edema. excessive fluid in the tissue and alveolar spaces of the lung. ...
549 Module 2 Flashcards
What are diagnostic studies for pulmonary embolism?. Definition. -plain chest films: atelectasis, pleural effusion, infiltrates ... chest films: linear markings, atelectasis, pulmonary cysts. -CT scan. -sputum studies. -CBC: anemia, polycythemia, increased ... What associated pulmonary symptoms should be assessed?. Definition. -shortness of breath (caused by how much work or effort?). ... What are some pulmonary and cardiac effects of cocaine use?. Definition. -tachycardia. -HTN. -coronary arterial spasm (with ...
NIOSHTIC-2 Search Results - Full View
Follow up pulmonary function testing and chest X-rays 10 to 21 days later were normal. The authors conclude that the ... A chest X- ray revealed three discrete areas of atelectasis. The patient was treated with bronchodilators and antibiotics. The ... Pulmonary effects resulting from acute exposure to sulfur- tetrafluoride (7783600) were described. Six electrical workers began ... All six workers were given physical examinations that included chest X-rays and pulmonary function tests 10 days to 2 weeks ...
Venlafaxine Hydrochloride Tablets 25 mg, 37.5 mg, 75mg, and 100 mg
Postoperative pulmonary complications Archives - American Nurse
Preventing postoperative pulmonary complications. July 1, 2020. Pulmonary atelectasis and retained secretions. February 4, 2019 ... Takeaways: Atelectasis is a serious postoperative pulmonary complication. Risk factors include advanced age, obesity, upper… ... Pulmonary atelectasis and retained secretions. February 4, 2019. Critical thinking averts serious consequences. ... Preventing postoperative pulmonary complications. July 1, 2020. Using ERAS and I COUGH to improve outcomes. Takeaways: ...
Antimonium Tartaricum chest symptoms - ABC Homeopathy
Pulmonary mass | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org
The commonest cause of a pulmonary mass is primary lung cancer 1-3: bronchogenic carcinoma granuloma: most common non-ma... ... A pulmonary mass is any area of pulmonary opacification that measures more than 30 mm, an arbitrary but useful measurement. ... A pulmonary mass is any area of pulmonary opacification that measures more than 30 mm, an arbitrary but useful measurement. The ... pulmonary metastases *mucoid calcification of mucinous adenocarcinoma *breast carcinoma. *gastrointestinal tract adenocarcinoma ...
SciELO - Brazil - Computed tomography assessment of lung structure in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary...
Influence of atelectasis on pulmonary function after coronary artery bypass grafting. Chest 1993; 104: 434-437. ... Influence of atelectasis on pulmonary function after coronary artery bypass grafting. Chest 1993; 104: 434-437. ... usually attributed to atelectasis. Using computed tomography (CT), we investigated postoperative pulmonary alterations and ... usually attributed to atelectasis. Using computed tomography (CT), we investigated postoperative pulmonary alterations and ...
Solitary Pulmonary Nodule: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment & Cancerours
There are various causes and treatments of a solitary pulmonary nodule. Some nodules will require biopsy or removal if thought ... A solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) is a single abnormality of the lung. ... Round atelectasis (decreased or absent air in a part of the lung) ... Imaging a Solitary Pulmonary Node Module. *Solitary Pulmonary ... People who have a history of tuberculosis or pulmonary mycosis have a greater chance of the solitary pulmonary nodule being ...
Hospital-Acquired and ICU Pneumonia - Infectious Disease and Antimicrobial Agents
APPROACH TO PULMONARY INFILTRATES IN THE ICU - METHOD OF ANTONI TORRES In our intensive care unit, we have developed an ... The clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) has been used to establish the likelihood of HAP in ICU patients (41). This ... Figure 3: Follow up of Patients with Pulmonary Infiltrates. Figure 4: Evolution of the potentially pathogenic microorganisms ... Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents in patients receiving mechanical ventilation: the effect of body position. Ann Intern ...
Course Content - #90744: Transport Methods for Critically Ill Patients - NetCE
This immobilization also promotes atelectasis and pulmonary stasis.. Motion sickness can be avoided by the insertion of a ... Additionally, deceleration forces can precipitate pulmonary venous pooling and pulmonary stasis.. Patients transported on ... Pulmonary secretions increase in tenacity in a low humidity environment. If the patient is prone to developing plugs in the ... A decrease in pulmonary compliance and total lung surface area enhances the risk of hypoxia. Coupled with pre-existing poor ...
PleuralLungPneumoniaPneumothoraxAlveoliCollapseSecretionsBronchialLobar atelectasisEdemaAirway obstructionLungsComplicationsEmbolismAcuteAreas of atelectasisFibrosisNodulesHypoxemiaInfiltratesComputed tomographyCOPDObstructive atelectasisPostoperative atelectasisLower lobeCommon postoperativeThoracicHypertensionPassivePatientsDiaphragmObstructionComplicationParenchymaClinicalCoughExacerbationAnesthesiaChest X-rDiseaseCongenitalEtiologySepsisCompression
Pleural5
- Atelectasis due to compressed lung tissue occurs most commonly when air, blood, pus, or chyle is present in the pleural space. (medscape.com)
- Relaxation or passive atelectasis results when a pleural effusion or a pneumothorax eliminates contact between the parietal and visceral pleurae. (medscape.com)
- Asymmetric expansion suggests unilateral volume loss, as in atelectasis or pleural effusion, unilateral airway obstruction, asymmetric pulmonary or pleural fibrosis, or splinting from chest pain. (mhmedical.com)
- They can be well or poorly defined, are generally surrounded by lung parenchyma, and are not associated with lung atelectasis (collapse), lymphadenopathy, or pleural effusion. (rgare.com)
- The patient underwent abdominal ultrasonography and a computerized tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and thorax, which revealed peritoneal effusion, pancreatic oedema, dilated gallbladder with a bile duct measuring 1.1 cm with no lithiasis, left pleural effusion and basal atelectasis. (who.int)
Lung29
- Atelectasis refers to incomplete expansion or collapse of part of the lung. (medscape.com)
- The direct morbidity from atelectasis is transient hypoxemia due to blood flowing through the lung, which does not have normal air flow. (medscape.com)
- If a portion of lung enlarges, such as with congenital emphysema, or if focal overinflation occurs for any other reason, it may compress the adjacent lung, causing atelectasis. (medscape.com)
- Treatment of acute atelectasis, including postoperative lung collapse, requires removal of the underlying cause. (medscape.com)
- In the case of lobar atelectasis, vigorous chest physiotherapy frequently helps re-expand the collapsed lung. (medscape.com)
- Postoperative atelectasis is treated with adequate oxygenation and re-expansion of the lung segments. (medscape.com)
- Pulmonary atelectasis can be caused by airway obstruction, lung compression, fibrotic contraction, or other factors. (liu.edu)
- If only part of the lung is affected, it is called atelectasis. (medlineplus.gov)
- Observations on massive collapse of the lung and on other clinical conditions presenting extensive atelectasis enable us to offer a more complete description of the characteristic roentgen-ray shadow cast by a single atelectatic lower lobe, and to call attention to its association with certain cases of chronic pulmonary suppuration. (jamanetwork.com)
- It has been observed in postoperative massive atelectasis of the lung by Jackson and Lee 2 and by Churchill. (jamanetwork.com)
- ROENTGEN-RAY OBSERVATIONS IN LOBAR ATELECTASIS A deflated lobe of the lung is commonly pictured as a small puckered mass retracting to the hilum by means of a bellows-like shortening of the bronchi. (jamanetwork.com)
- A solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) is a single abnormality in the lung that is smaller than 3 cm in diameter. (emedicinehealth.com)
- A solitary pulmonary nodule is surrounded by normal lung tissue and is not associated with any other abnormality in the lung or nearby lymph nodes (small, bean-shaped structures found throughout the body). (emedicinehealth.com)
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment of early lung cancer that presents as solitary pulmonary nodule may be the only chance to cure cancer . (emedicinehealth.com)
- Further backing for the use of prophylactic PEEP is derived from an awareness that many patients without lung injury who are ventilated develop evident basal atelectasis that practically disappears with PEEP application [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Non-anatomical resection involves removal of a diseased portion of lung without complete dissection of the anatomic segment or lobe of the lung (including bronchus, pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein), and without removal of draining lymph nodes. (ispub.com)
- The indications for wedge resection are open lung biopsy for diffuse lung disease and pulmonary nodules, resection of metastatic nodules 1 , and low grade lung cancer such as bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, and as a salvage procedure for primary lung cancer. (ispub.com)
- Anatomic lung resection involves removing the diseased pulmonary segment(s), lobe(s) or lung along with the draining lymph nodes. (ispub.com)
- Indications for segmentectomy are resection of bronchiectasis, benign tumor, localized low-grade lung cancer, and metastasis 3 , as well as lung cancer resection when lobectomy is not feasible due to pulmonary compromise. (ispub.com)
- Atelectasis is a partial or complete collapse of the entire lung or a specific area, or lobe, of the lung, leading to impaired exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen. (medscape.com)
- [ 1 ] Atelectasis occurs when the alveoli (small air sacs) within the lung become deflated or fill with alveolar fluid. (medscape.com)
- Atelectasis is defined as diminished volume affecting all or part of a lung. (medscape.com)
- Compression atelectasis occurs from any space-occupying lesion of the thorax compresses the lung and forces air out of the alveoli. (medscape.com)
- For more information regarding cough assist and surveillance of pulmonary function, please visit PPMD's Care for Lung Muscles section . (parentprojectmd.org)
- I have pulmonary fibrosis a lung disease that HAS no cure.Yet, since I have been on Sunflower Oil (cold pressed & Unrefined) my lungs within 4 days begain to have a healing effect that even the Doctor's don't quite understand? (earthclinic.com)
- This posterior-anterior (PA) chest x-ray depicts evidence of atelectasis, and bronchiectasis, which were present in this child's right upper pulmonary lung field. (cdc.gov)
- Atelectasis, or a collapse of the lung, can be due to bronchiectasis, an enlargement of the bronchial tubes, and a decrease in the effectiveness of their ciliated mucosal lining, which renders the lungs unable to clear themselves of clogging mucous build-up. (cdc.gov)
- The pulmonary acinus is the gas exchange unit in the lung and has a very complex microstructure. (bvsalud.org)
- Although the lung has extensive regenerative capacity, some diseases affecting the distal lung result in irreversible loss of pulmonary alveoli. (bvsalud.org)
Pneumonia1
- Ioachimescu oc idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia with formation of antibodyantigen complexes at those times. (aaan.org)
Pneumothorax1
- The most common risk factors for pneumothorax are smoking, male gender, family history of spontaneous pneumothorax, tall lean body habitus, premature delivery, and obstructive pulmonary disease. (medscape.com)
Alveoli3
- Obstructive atelectasis is the most common type and results from reabsorption of gas from the alveoli when communication between the alveoli and the trachea is obstructed. (medscape.com)
- Respiratory rhythm is normally regular, with a sigh (1.5-2 times normal tidal volume) every 90 breaths or so to prevent collapse of alveoli and atelectasis. (mhmedical.com)
- Ingested larvae penetrate the intestinal lymphatic and venous vessels and through the portal vein reach the right heart, pulmonary circulation and the alveoli. (who.int)
Collapse1
- This process (called "breath stacking" ) may prevent areas of collapse in lungs (called "atelectasis") and help with chest wall to stay flexible. (parentprojectmd.org)
Secretions3
- Such children may also be predisposed to atelectasis because of poor clearance of airway secretions. (medscape.com)
- The two major clinical issues in CF are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, secondary to abnormal respiratory tract secretions, and malnutrition secondary to pancreatic insufficiency. (renalandurologynews.com)
- As patients with Duchenne have difficulty clearing secretions from their airway, a cough assist is not only appropriate therapy, but is critical for maintaining pulmonary health and reducing the incidence of infections and pneumonias. (parentprojectmd.org)
Bronchial1
- Pure ground-glass nodules are nodules without opacity that do not obscure bronchial structure or pulmonary vessels. (rgare.com)
Lobar atelectasis4
- Lobar atelectasis is a common problem caused by a variety of mechanisms including resorption atelectasis due to airway obstruction, passive atelectasis from hypoventilation, compressive atelectasis from abdominal distension, and adhesive atelectasis due to increased surface tension. (medscape.com)
- Evidence-based studies on the management of lobar atelectasis are lacking. (medscape.com)
- Lobar atelectasis has been identified by Manges 1 through roentgen-ray observations in cases of obstruction of the air passages by foreign bodies. (jamanetwork.com)
- Lobar atelectasis: diagnostic pitfalls on chest radiography. (derangedphysiology.com)
Edema2
- How does positive end-expiratory pressure reduces intrapulmonary shunt in canine pulmonary edema. (biomedcentral.com)
- High inflation pressure pulmonary edema: respective effects of high airway pressure, high tidal volume, and positive end-expiratory pressure. (biomedcentral.com)
Airway obstruction1
- Intrinsic airway obstruction is the most common cause of atelectasis in children, and asthma is the most common underlying disorder that predisposes patients to atelectasis. (medscape.com)
Lungs2
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exists when prolonged disease or injury has made the lungs less capable of meeting the body's oxygen needs. (informit.com)
- Taken together, multiple changes occurring in the lungs contribute to postoperative hypoxemia rather than atelectasis alone. (scielo.br)
Complications4
- Respiratory dysfunction is one of the most frequent complications after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), even in the absence of previous pulmonary diseases (1). (scielo.br)
- Clinical Picture: We report 2 cases of unusual pulmonary complications of the GLA. (annals.edu.sg)
- Pulmonary complications after surgery are a significant cause of perioperative morbidity and mortality. (aao.org)
- Laboratory tests revealed altered C reactive protein and presence of leukocytosis, ultrasound showed heterogenic mass, computed tomography showed presence of cylindrical foreign body in vagi- nal cavity, surgical interventions, sepsis, clinical complications (pulmonary thromboembolism) and pro- longed hospitalization. (bvsalud.org)
Embolism4
- Lp is performed with the option of pulmonary embolism. (aaan.org)
- At the regional hospital, a computed tomography scan of the patient's chest (to rule out pulmonary embolism) showed only minimal bibasilar atelectasis. (cmaj.ca)
- Signs of pulmonary embolism and death, and progressive hemiparesis. (aaan.org)
- The hallmarks of a pulmonary embolism are chest pain and labored breathing. (enotalone.com)
Acute4
- Pulmonary effects of acute exposure to sulfur tetrafluoride during electrical cable repair work. (cdc.gov)
- Pulmonary effects resulting from acute exposure to sulfur- tetrafluoride (7783600) were described. (cdc.gov)
- Particularly acute respiratory failure, kilborn tn paediatric manifestations time reaction amoxicillin of pulmonary diseases. (aaan.org)
- serious pulmonary effects (e.g. atelectasis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, asthma exacerbation), thromboembolic events, hypersensitivity and anaphylactic reactions. (mims.com)
Areas of atelectasis1
- A chest X- ray revealed three discrete areas of atelectasis. (cdc.gov)
Fibrosis6
- I have seen three letters from Jimmy of Dallas, Texas who has informed that he has been cured from his pulmonary fibrosis by taking 35% food grade H2O2 in his two letters, at the same time he has written in one of his letter dated 05. (earthclinic.com)
- Is there any other testimonials on the success of oil pulling method for treating pulmonary fibrosis. (earthclinic.com)
- My husband has Pulmonary Fibrosis and I am looking for remedies to help him. (earthclinic.com)
- Are there any updates to Jimmy from Dallas re Pulmonary Fibrosis article? (earthclinic.com)
- My husband has pulmonary fibrosis. (earthclinic.com)
- The Relation of CFTR-Genotype and Associated Comorbidities to Development of Pulmonary Atelectasis in Cystic Fibrosis Patients. (cdc.gov)
Nodules16
- Persons with solitary pulmonary nodules usually do not experience symptoms. (emedicinehealth.com)
- Solitary pulmonary nodules are usually noticed by chance on a chest X-ray film that has been taken for another reason (referred to as an incidental finding). (emedicinehealth.com)
- Solitary pulmonary nodules are one of the most common abnormalities seen on chest X-ray films. (emedicinehealth.com)
- The number of lesions detected with low-dose CT, only some of which are early cancers, is so great that algorithms are being developed for more efficient evaluation and management of solitary pulmonary nodules. (cancernetwork.com)
- This increase in screening has led to a significant increase in the diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs). (cancernetwork.com)
- Underwriting pulmonary and thyroid nodules has always been a distinct challenge. (rgare.com)
- Pulmonary nodules are one of the most common incidental findings on a chest X-ray or a computed tomography (CT) scan. (rgare.com)
- Chest X-rays, historically, have been the test yielding the most frequent discoveries and diagnoses of incidental pulmonary nodules. (rgare.com)
- The advent of CT scans, however, has led to more precise and accurate diagnoses, as it enables smaller or indistinct pulmonary nodules to be detected and then identified with more precision. (rgare.com)
- Studies indicate that prevalence of malignant pulmonary nodules can vary widely, depending on the means of detection. (rgare.com)
- Several frameworks have been developed to classify malignancy risk for pulmonary nodules. (rgare.com)
- In 2015, the British Thoracic Society (BTS) published a set of widely used guidelines from which risk calculators were developed to ascertain the malignancy risk of pulmonary nodules. (rgare.com)
- Several types of incidental pulmonary nodules are found on chest X-rays or CT scans. (rgare.com)
- Figure 1 shows the three main pulmonary nodule types - perifissural, solid, and subsolid - and the two types of subsolid nodules (pure ground-glass nodule and part-solid nodule). (rgare.com)
- These well- circumscribed nodules usually have smooth margins and are found near pulmonary fissures. (rgare.com)
- These are the most common type of pulmonary nodules found on chest X-rays or CT scans. (rgare.com)
Hypoxemia2
- The primary complication of atelectasis is hypoxemia, which is usually transient. (medscape.com)
- Hypoxemia is a frequent complication after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), usually attributed to atelectasis. (scielo.br)
Infiltrates2
- The diagnosis of HAP is suspected if the patient has new and persistent pulmonary infiltrates in the standard chest radiography along with new clinical signs and symptoms that may be explained by this diagnosis. (antimicrobe.org)
- At admission, chest radiograph showed middle lobe atelectasis but no visible infiltrates. (cdc.gov)
Computed tomography2
- Using computed tomography (CT), we investigated postoperative pulmonary alterations and their impact on blood oxygenation. (scielo.br)
- A study published in 2015 that tracked incidental pulmonary nodule trends in the U.S. noted that of the 4.8 million study participants who had had a computed tomography (CT) scan between 2006 and 2012, one-third (1.57 million) had an incidental finding of a pulmonary nodule. (rgare.com)
COPD2
- A patient with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation may be seen sitting and leaning forward with shoulders arched forward to assist the accessory muscles of respiration. (medscape.com)
- Intravenous sedation under monitored anesthesia care (MAC) during eye surgery can result in hypoventilation, hypercapnia, hypoxia, and atelectasis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (aao.org)
Obstructive atelectasis1
- Causes of obstructive atelectasis include foreign body, tumor, and mucous plugging. (medscape.com)
Postoperative atelectasis3
- For postoperative atelectasis, prevention is the best approach. (medscape.com)
- Patients were matched for age, sex, length of operation, site of primary, and stage of disease.Postoperative atelectasis was radiographically detected in 89% of flap patients vs. 79% of controls. (elsevier.com)
- 05, chi-squared).The incidence of radiographic postoperative atelectasis in patients having a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap is high. (elsevier.com)
Lower lobe2
- Extrinsic compression on the airways is most likely to come from enlarged lymph nodes (such as those due to tuberculosis infection), lymphoma and other tumors in the chest, an enlarged heart that compresses the left main or left lower lobe bronchus, and left-to-right intracardiac shunts that increase blood flow through the pulmonary arteries. (medscape.com)
- For example, a basilar segmentectomy refers to en bloc resection of all the basal segments of a lower lobe. (ispub.com)
Common postoperative2
- Atelectasis is the most common postoperative complication encountered in head and neck surgery. (elsevier.com)
- Common postoperative problems include fever, atelectasis, and ileus. (umn.edu)
Thoracic2
- A chest radiograph or other imaging and pulmonary function tests [American Thoracic Society 2004]. (cdc.gov)
- Ophthalmic surgery is usually performed with the patient under local sedation, is of short duration relative to thoracic and abdominal surgery, and doesn't result in pain for the patient, obviating the need for postoperative opioids that limit pulmonary risks. (aao.org)
Hypertension1
- These infections, which are characterized by productive cough and dyspnea, can progress to right-sided heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. (informit.com)
Passive1
- In passive and adhesive atelectasis, positive end-expiratory pressure might be a useful adjunct to treatment. (medscape.com)
Patients7
- Repeated endoscopic sanitation in the first two days was necessary for 25 patients (25.3%) with unresolved or reoccurring atelectasis. (medscape.com)
- Most patients with unresolved or recurring atelectasis had serious chest injury. (medscape.com)
- Patients may require nasotracheal suctioning if atelectasis recurs. (medscape.com)
- Whether it is the position or the surgery that contributesto the development of atelectasis has not been examined.Eighteen patients underwent latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap reconstruction following major ablative procedures for head and neck cancer. (elsevier.com)
- This atelectasis is of little importance during anaesthesia of short duration in a patient who will be extubated after a few hours, but in patients ventilated for several days it may not be so innocuous. (biomedcentral.com)
- Conclusion: Pulmonary atelectasis may occur in patients with GLA due to bronchopulmonary compression. (annals.edu.sg)
- Analysis of the prevalence of atelectasis in patients undergoing bariatric surgery]. (cdc.gov)
Diaphragm1
- plate-like' atelectasis appears as thin linear densities parallel to the diaphragm. (derangedphysiology.com)
Obstruction2
- Broad-spectrum antibiotics should be prescribed if evidence of infection is present, such as fever, night sweats, or leukocytosis, because secondary atelectasis usually becomes infected regardless of the cause of obstruction. (medscape.com)
- Inhalation injury airway burn/obstruction pulmonary injury and key with the route of absorption atelectasis. (aaan.org)
Complication1
- Takeaways: Atelectasis is a serious postoperative pulmonary complication. (myamericannurse.com)
Parenchyma1
- HAP) is an inflammatory process due to the infection of the pulmonary parenchyma by pathogenic microorganisms and may develop in a patient admitted to the hospital for more than 48 hours or the incubation period of this infection is no longer than 2 days ( 3 ). (antimicrobe.org)
Clinical2
- The phase IV clinical study analyzes which people take Spiriva and have Pulmonary mass. (ehealthme.com)
- Clinical Pulmonary Medicine. (elsevier.com)
Cough2
- Prevention of further atelectasis involves (1) placing the patient in such a position that the uninvolved side is dependent to promote increased drainage of the affected area, (2) giving vigorous chest physiotherapy, and (3) encouraging the patient to cough and to breathe deeply. (medscape.com)
- PPMD's Pulmonary Awareness Video Series can provide you with additional information about the importance of cough and assisting your cough . (parentprojectmd.org)
Exacerbation1
- The patient was given methylprednisolone, bronchodilators and intravenous azithromycin treatment for possible exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (cmaj.ca)
Anesthesia4
- [ 3 ] suggested that children who are sedated with propofol infusion were less likely to develop atelectasis than children who have positive pressure ventilation anesthesia for MRI. (medscape.com)
- Pulmonary densities during anesthesia with muscular relaxation: a proposal of atelectasis. (biomedcentral.com)
- This narrative review describes the main applications of de la ultrasonografía en ultrasound in anesthesia, ultrasound-guided techniques, and current trends in the perioperative anesthetic management of anestesia the surgical patient. (bvsalud.org)
- In anesthesiology, rapid and accurate the main applications of ultrasound in anes- diagnostic tools are for surgical emergen- thesia as airway evaluation, vascular access, cies, and ultrasound has become a neces- regional anesthesia, pulmonary ultrasound, sary and routine tool2. (bvsalud.org)
Chest X-r3
- Generally, a pulmonary nodule must grow to at least 1 cm in diameter before it can be seen on a chest X-ray film. (emedicinehealth.com)
- Determining whether the solitary pulmonary nodule seen on the chest X-ray film or chest CT scan is benign or malignant (cancerous) is important. (emedicinehealth.com)
- If a patient's history and physical examination identifies a potential comorbidity that could impact pulmonary function and increase risk of administering preoperative sedation, then obtaining a chest x-ray and/or pulmonary function tests would be of value. (aao.org)
Disease3
- It is often used in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (ehealthme.com)
- Nonobstructive atelectasis can be caused by loss of contact between the parietal and visceral pleurae, compression, loss of surfactant, and replacement of parenchymal tissue by scarring or infiltrative disease. (medscape.com)
- Examination of the patient with suspected pulmonary disease includes inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation of the chest. (mhmedical.com)
Congenital1
- Simples congenital heart anomalies like atrial and ventricular septum defects, ductus arteriosus or pulmonary vein transposition lead to the formation of a left-to-right shunt. (bme.hu)
Etiology1
- The treatment of atelectasis depends on the underlying etiology. (medscape.com)
Sepsis1
- The postoperative course was complicated by pulmonary sepsis, fever, and leukocytosis. (najms.org)
Compression1
- IMSEAR at SEARO: Marginal compression atelectasis in rickets. (who.int)