AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation Science
PseudopodiaDictyosteliumChemotaxisActinsCell MovementAmoebaMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningMicroscopy, VideoMicroscopy, Electroncdc42 GTP-Binding ProteinAnnexin A2PhagocytosisLasers, Excimerrho GTP-Binding ProteinsCell SizeCell AdhesionMicroscopy, Phase-ContrastCell PolarityChemotactic FactorsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-crkCytoskeletonAstrocytomarac1 GTP-Binding ProteinMicroscopy, FluorescenceNeoplasm InvasivenessExtracellular MatrixLysophospholipidsrac GTP-Binding ProteinsSerumCell MembraneMicroscopy, ConfocalMovementCell Line, TumorCytoskeletal ProteinsHepatocyte Growth FactorMacrophagesCytoplasmElectrophoresis, Gel, Two-DimensionalModels, BiologicalCollagenSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization3T3 CellsCells, CulturedCercopithecus aethiopsCell LineImmunoblottingFibroblastsCOS CellsSignal TransductionEnzyme InhibitorsTransfection
Pseudopodia
A dynamic actin-rich extension of the surface of an animal cell used for locomotion or prehension of food.
Dictyostelium
A genus of protozoa, formerly also considered a fungus. Its natural habitat is decaying forest leaves, where it feeds on bacteria. D. discoideum is the best-known species and is widely used in biomedical research.
Chemotaxis
The movement of cells or organisms toward or away from a substance in response to its concentration gradient.
Actins
Filamentous proteins that are the main constituent of the thin filaments of muscle fibers. The filaments (known also as filamentous or F-actin) can be dissociated into their globular subunits; each subunit is composed of a single polypeptide 375 amino acids long. This is known as globular or G-actin. In conjunction with MYOSINS, actin is responsible for the contraction and relaxation of muscle.
Cell Movement
The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.
Amoeba
A genus of ameboid protozoa. Characteristics include a vesicular nucleus and the formation of several lodopodia, one of which is dominant at a given time. Reproduction occurs asexually by binary fission.
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.
Microscopy, Video
Microscopy in which television cameras are used to brighten magnified images that are otherwise too dark to be seen with the naked eye. It is used frequently in TELEPATHOLOGY.
Microscopy, Electron
Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.
cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein
A member of the Rho family of MONOMERIC GTP-BINDING PROTEINS. It is associated with a diverse array of cellular functions including cytoskeletal changes, filopodia formation and transport through the GOLGI APPARATUS. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.6.1.47.
Annexin A2
A member of the annexin family that is a substrate for a tyrosine kinase, ONCOGENE PROTEIN PP60(V-SRC). Annexin A2 occurs as a 36-KDa monomer and in a 90-KDa complex containing two subunits of annexin A2 and two subunits of S100 FAMILY PROTEIN P11. The monomeric form of annexin A2 was formerly referred to as calpactin I heavy chain.
Phagocytosis
The engulfing and degradation of microorganisms; other cells that are dead, dying, or pathogenic; and foreign particles by phagocytic cells (PHAGOCYTES).
Lasers, Excimer
Gas lasers with excited dimers (i.e., excimers) as the active medium. The most commonly used are rare gas monohalides (e.g., argon fluoride, xenon chloride). Their principal emission wavelengths are in the ultraviolet range and depend on the monohalide used (e.g., 193 nm for ArF, 308 nm for Xe Cl). These lasers are operated in pulsed and Q-switched modes and used in photoablative decomposition involving actual removal of tissue. (UMDNS, 2005)
rho GTP-Binding Proteins
A large family of MONOMERIC GTP-BINDING PROTEINS that are involved in regulation of actin organization, gene expression and cell cycle progression. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.6.1.47.
Cell Size
The quantity of volume or surface area of CELLS.
Cell Adhesion
Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.
Microscopy, Phase-Contrast
A form of interference microscopy in which variations of the refracting index in the object are converted into variations of intensity in the image. This is achieved by the action of a phase plate.
Cell Polarity
Orientation of intracellular structures especially with respect to the apical and basolateral domains of the plasma membrane. Polarized cells must direct proteins from the Golgi apparatus to the appropriate domain since tight junctions prevent proteins from diffusing between the two domains.
Chemotactic Factors
Chemical substances that attract or repel cells. The concept denotes especially those factors released as a result of tissue injury, microbial invasion, or immunologic activity, that attract LEUKOCYTES; MACROPHAGES; or other cells to the site of infection or insult.
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-crk
Signal transducing adaptor proteins that contain SRC HOMOLOGY DOMAINS and play a role in CYTOSKELETON reorganization. c-crk protein is closely related to ONCOGENE PROTEIN V-CRK and includes several alternatively spliced isoforms.
Cytoskeleton
The network of filaments, tubules, and interconnecting filamentous bridges which give shape, structure, and organization to the cytoplasm.
Astrocytoma
Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082)
rac1 GTP-Binding Protein
A rac GTP-binding protein involved in regulating actin filaments at the plasma membrane. It controls the development of filopodia and lamellipodia in cells and thereby influences cellular motility and adhesion. It is also involved in activation of NADPH OXIDASE. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.6.1.47.
Microscopy, Fluorescence
Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes antibodies that are labeled with fluorescent dye.
Neoplasm Invasiveness
Ability of neoplasms to infiltrate and actively destroy surrounding tissue.
Extracellular Matrix
A meshwork-like substance found within the extracellular space and in association with the basement membrane of the cell surface. It promotes cellular proliferation and provides a supporting structure to which cells or cell lysates in culture dishes adhere.
Lysophospholipids
Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS that lack one of its fatty acyl chains due to its hydrolytic removal.
rac GTP-Binding Proteins
A sub-family of RHO GTP-BINDING PROTEINS that is involved in regulating the organization of cytoskeletal filaments. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.6.1.47.
Serum
The clear portion of BLOOD that is left after BLOOD COAGULATION to remove BLOOD CELLS and clotting proteins.
Cell Membrane
The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Microscopy, Confocal
A light microscopic technique in which only a small spot is illuminated and observed at a time. An image is constructed through point-by-point scanning of the field in this manner. Light sources may be conventional or laser, and fluorescence or transmitted observations are possible.
Movement
The act, process, or result of passing from one place or position to another. It differs from LOCOMOTION in that locomotion is restricted to the passing of the whole body from one place to another, while movement encompasses both locomotion but also a change of the position of the whole body or any of its parts. Movement may be used with reference to humans, vertebrate and invertebrate animals, and microorganisms. Differentiate also from MOTOR ACTIVITY, movement associated with behavior.
Cell Line, Tumor
A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.
Cytoskeletal Proteins
Major constituent of the cytoskeleton found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. They form a flexible framework for the cell, provide attachment points for organelles and formed bodies, and make communication between parts of the cell possible.
Hepatocyte Growth Factor
Multifunctional growth factor which regulates both cell growth and cell motility. It exerts a strong mitogenic effect on hepatocytes and primary epithelial cells. Its receptor is PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-MET.
Macrophages
The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)
Cytoplasm
The part of a cell that contains the CYTOSOL and small structures excluding the CELL NUCLEUS; MITOCHONDRIA; and large VACUOLES. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990)
Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional
Electrophoresis in which a second perpendicular electrophoretic transport is performed on the separate components resulting from the first electrophoresis. This technique is usually performed on polyacrylamide gels.
Models, Biological
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.
Collagen
A polypeptide substance comprising about one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms. It is the main constituent of SKIN; CONNECTIVE TISSUE; and the organic substance of bones (BONE AND BONES) and teeth (TOOTH).
Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
A mass spectrometric technique that is used for the analysis of large biomolecules. Analyte molecules are embedded in an excess matrix of small organic molecules that show a high resonant absorption at the laser wavelength used. The matrix absorbs the laser energy, thus inducing a soft disintegration of the sample-matrix mixture into free (gas phase) matrix and analyte molecules and molecular ions. In general, only molecular ions of the analyte molecules are produced, and almost no fragmentation occurs. This makes the method well suited for molecular weight determinations and mixture analysis.
3T3 Cells
Cell lines whose original growing procedure consisted being transferred (T) every 3 days and plated at 300,000 cells per plate (J Cell Biol 17:299-313, 1963). Lines have been developed using several different strains of mice. Tissues are usually fibroblasts derived from mouse embryos but other types and sources have been developed as well. The 3T3 lines are valuable in vitro host systems for oncogenic virus transformation studies, since 3T3 cells possess a high sensitivity to CONTACT INHIBITION.
Cells, Cultured
Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.
Cercopithecus aethiops
A species of CERCOPITHECUS containing three subspecies: C. tantalus, C. pygerythrus, and C. sabeus. They are found in the forests and savannah of Africa. The African green monkey (C. pygerythrus) is the natural host of SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS and is used in AIDS research.
Cell Line
Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.
Immunoblotting
Immunologic method used for detecting or quantifying immunoreactive substances. The substance is identified by first immobilizing it by blotting onto a membrane and then tagging it with labeled antibodies.
Fibroblasts
Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.
COS Cells
CELL LINES derived from the CV-1 cell line by transformation with a replication origin defective mutant of SV40 VIRUS, which codes for wild type large T antigen (ANTIGENS, POLYOMAVIRUS TRANSFORMING). They are used for transfection and cloning. (The CV-1 cell line was derived from the kidney of an adult male African green monkey (CERCOPITHECUS AETHIOPS).)
Signal Transduction
The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.
Enzyme Inhibitors
Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.
Transfection
The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Expression of the naturally occurring truncated trkB neurotrophin receptor induces outgrowth of filopodia and processes in neuroblastoma cells. (1/1694)

We have investigated the effects of the truncated trkB receptor isoform T1 (trkB.T1) by transient transfection into mouse N2a neuroblastoma cells. We observed that expression of trkB.T1 leads to a striking change in cell morphology characterized by outgrowth of filopodia and processes. A similar morphological response was also observed in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells and NIH3T3 fibroblasts transfected with trkB.T1. N2a cells lack endogenous expression of trkB isoforms, but express barely detectable amounts of its ligands, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4). The morphological change was ligand-independent, since addition of exogenous BDNF or NT-4 or blockade of endogenous trkB ligands did not influence this response. Filopodia and process outgrowth was significantly suppressed when full-length trkB.TK+ was cotransfected together with trkB.T1 and this inhibitory effect was blocked by tyrosine kinase inhibitor K252a. Transfection of trkB.T1 deletion mutants showed that the morphological response is dependent on the extracellular, but not the intracellular domain of the receptor. Our results suggest a novel ligand-independent role for truncated trkB in the regulation of cellular morphology.  (+info)

Freeze-fracture studies of the developing cell surface. II. Particle-free membrane blisters on glutaraldehyde-fixed corneal fibroblasts are artefacts. (2/1694)

We describe, in sections and by freeze-fracture, four classes of intramembrane particle (IMP)-free membrane blebs or "blisters" associated with glutaraldehyde-fixed embryonic corneal fibroblasts: (a) Single blisters attached to the cell membrane; (b) free (detached) vesicles; (c) myelin figures; (d) multivesicular protrusions which resemble the "mounds" described by others on nerve growth cones. The IMP-free, membrane-bounded blisters contain no ground cytoplasm or organelles, in contrast to blebs on trypsin-isolated fibroblasts, which we show here do contain cytoplasm and IMP-rich membranes. That the IMP-free membrane blisters in embryonic corneas are artefacts of fixation is demonstrated by (a) their absence in replicas of fibroblasts frozen and fractured without prior aldehyde fixation and (b) their absence in sections of fibroblasts fixed in a combination of glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide. We suggest that the addition of osmium prevents postfixation movement of membrane lipids, especially the negatively charged "fluid" lipids which others have shown are capable of considerable mobility after aldehyde fixation alone. Recent literature has implicated membrane blistering in secretory processes and in growth of nerves, but before the functional significance of such IMP-free blisters is assessed, membrane mobility of the type shown here should be taken into consideration.  (+info)

The small GTPase RalA targets filamin to induce filopodia. (3/1694)

The Ras-related small GTPases Rac, Rho, Cdc42, and RalA bind filamin, an actin filament-crosslinking protein that also links membrane and other intracellular proteins to actin. Of these GTPases only RalA binds filamin in a GTP-specific manner, and GTP-RalA elicits actin-rich filopods on surfaces of Swiss 3T3 cells and recruits filamin into the filopodial cytoskeleton. Either a dominant negative RalA construct or the RalA-binding domain of filamin 1 specifically block Cdc42-induced filopod formation, but a Cdc42 inhibitor does not impair RalA's effects, which, unlike Cdc42, are Rac independent. RalA does not generate filopodia in filamin-deficient human melanoma cells, whereas transfection of filamin 1 restores the functional response. RalA therefore is a downstream intermediate in Cdc42-mediated filopod production and uses filamin in this pathway.  (+info)

Rapid dendritic morphogenesis in CA1 hippocampal dendrites induced by synaptic activity. (4/1694)

Activity shapes the structure of neurons and their circuits. Two-photon imaging of CA1 neurons expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein in developing hippocampal slices from rat brains was used to characterize dendritic morphogenesis in response to synaptic activity. High-frequency focal synaptic stimulation induced a period (longer than 30 minutes) of enhanced growth of small filopodia-like protrusions (typically less than 5 micrometers long). Synaptically evoked growth was long-lasting and localized to dendritic regions close (less than 50 micrometers) to the stimulating electrode and was prevented by blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Thus, synaptic activation can produce rapid input-specific changes in dendritic structure. Such persistent structural changes could contribute to the development of neural circuitry.  (+info)

The role of local actin instability in axon formation. (5/1694)

The role of localized instability of the actin network in specifying axonal fate was examined with the use of rat hippocampal neurons in culture. During normal neuronal development, actin dynamics and instability polarized to a single growth cone before axon formation. Consistently, global application of actin-depolymerizing drugs and of the Rho-signaling inactivator toxin B to nonpolarized cells produced neurons with multiple axons. Moreover, disruption of the actin network in one individual growth cone induced its neurite to become the axon. Thus, local instability of the actin network restricted to a single growth cone is a physiological signal specifying neuronal polarization.  (+info)

Filopodial adhesion does not predict growth cone steering events in vivo. (6/1694)

Migration of growth cones is in part mediated by adhesive interactions between filopodia and the extracellular environment, transmitting forces and signals necessary for pathfinding. To elucidate the role of substrate adhesivity in growth cone pathfinding, we developed an in vivo assay for measuring filopodial-substrate adhesivity using the well-characterized Ti pioneer neuron pathway of the embryonic grasshopper limb. Using time-lapse imaging and a combination of rhodamine-phalloidin injections and DiI labeling, we demonstrate that the filopodial retraction rate after treatment with cytochalasin D or elastase reflects the degree of filopodial-substrate adhesivity. Measurements of filopodial retraction rates along regions of known differing substrate adhesivities confirmed the use of this assay to examine filopodial-substrate adhesion during in vivo pathfinding events. We analyzed 359 filopodia from 22 Ti growth cones and found that there is no difference between the retraction rates of filopodia extending toward the correct target (on-axis) and filopodia extending away from the correct target (off-axis). These results indicate on-axis and off-axis filopodia have similar substrate adherence. Interestingly, we observed a 300% increase in the extension rates of on-axis filopodia during Ti growth cone turning events. Therefore, in addition to providing filopodia with important guidance information, regional cues are capable of modulating the filopodial extension rate. The homogeneity in filopodial retraction rates, even among these turning growth cones in which differential adhesivity might be expected to be greatest, strongly establishes that differential adhesion does not govern Ti pioneer neuron migration rate or pathfinding. We propose that the presence of local differences in receptor-mediated second messenger cascades and the resulting assembly of force-generating machinery may underlie the ability of filopodial contacts to regulate growth cone steering in vivo.  (+info)

2E4 (kaptin): a novel actin-associated protein from human blood platelets found in lamellipodia and the tips of the stereocilia of the inner ear. (7/1694)

Platelet activation, crucial for hemostasis, requires actin polymerization, yet the molecular mechanisms by which localized actin polymerization is mediated are not clear. Here we report the characterization of a novel actin-binding protein, 2E4, originally isolated from human blood platelets and likely to be involved in the actin rearrangements occurring during activation. 2E4 binds to filamentous (F)-actin by F-actin affinity chromatography and is eluted from F-actin affinity columns and extracted from cells with ATP. Its presence at the leading edge of platelets spread on glass and in the lamellipodia of motile fibroblasts suggests a role in actin dynamics. Using localization to obtain clues about function, we stained the sensory epithelium of the embryonic inner ear to determine whether 2E4 is at the barbed end of actin filaments during their elongation. Indeed, 2E4 was present at the tips of the elongating stereocilium. 2E4 is novel by DNA sequence and has no identifiable structural motifs. Its unusual amino acid sequence, its ATP-sensitive actin association and its location at sites of actin polymerization in cells suggest 2E4 plays a unique role in the actin rearrangements that accompany platelet activation and stereocilia formation.  (+info)

Inducible recruitment of Cdc42 or WASP to a cell-surface receptor triggers actin polymerization and filopodium formation. (8/1694)

BACKGROUND: Cdc42, a GTP-binding protein of the Rho family, controls actin cytoskeletal organization and helps to generate actin-based protruding structures, such as filopodia. In vitro, Cdc42 regulates actin polymerization by facilitating the creation of free barbed ends - the more rapidly growing ends of actin filaments - and subsequent elongation at these ends. The Wiskott- Aldrich syndrome protein, WASP, which has a pleckstrin-homology domain and a Cdc42/Rac-binding motif, has been implicated in cell signaling and cytoskeleton reorganization. We have investigated the consequences of local recruitment of activated Cdc42 or WASP to the plasma membrane. RESULTS: We used an activated Cdc42 protein that could be recruited to an engineered membrane receptor by adding rapamycin as a bridge, and added antibody-coupled beads to aggregate these receptors. Inducible recruitment of Cdc42 to clusters of receptors stimulated actin polymerization, resulting in the formation of membrane protrusions. Cdc42-induced protrusions were enriched in the vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein VASP and the focal-adhesion-associated proteins zyxin and ezrin. The Cdc42 effector WASP could also induce the formation of protrusions, albeit of different morphology. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first demonstration that the local recruitment of activated Cdc42 or its downstream effector, WASP, to a membrane receptor in whole cells is sufficient to trigger actin polymerization that results in the formation of membrane protrusions. Our data suggest that Cdc42-induced actin-based protrusions result from the local and serial recruitment of cytoskeletal proteins including zyxin, VASP, and ezrin.  (+info)

An actin-based protrusion originating from a podosome-enriched region initiates macrophage fusion<...An actin-based protrusion originating from a podosome-enriched region initiates macrophage fusion<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - An actin-based protrusion originating from a podosome-enriched region initiates macrophage fusion. AU - Faust, James J.. AU - Balabiyev, Arnat. AU - Heddleston, John M.. AU - Podolnikova, Nataly P.. AU - Baluch, D. Page. AU - Chew, Teng Leong. AU - Ugarova, Tatiana P.. PY - 2019/8/1. Y1 - 2019/8/1. N2 - Macrophage fusion resulting in the formation of multinucleated giant cells occurs in a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases, yet the mechanism responsible for initiating this process is unknown. Here, we used live cell imaging to show that actin-based protrusions at the leading edge initiate macrophage fusion. Phase-contrast video microscopy demonstrated that in the majority of events, short protrusions (∼3 µm) between two closely apposed cells initiated fusion, but occasionally we observed long protrusions (∼12 µm). Using macrophages isolated from LifeAct mice and imaging with lattice light sheet microscopy, we further found that fusion-competent protrusions formed at ...
https://research.nu.edu.kz/en/publications/an-actin-based-protrusion-originating-from-a-podosome-enriched-re
Sequential roles for myosin-X in BMP6-dependent filopodial extension, migration, and activation of BMP receptors | JCBSequential roles for myosin-X in BMP6-dependent filopodial extension, migration, and activation of BMP receptors | JCB
The major observation of this study is that Myo10 is critically important in a filopodial sensor mechanism that mediates BMP6-guided endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis. Specifically, BMP6 potently induces Myo10 expression, and Myo10, in turn, is required for filopodial formation, cell alignment, directed migration, and tube formation induced by BMP6. Additionally, Myo10 associates with the BMP6 receptor ALK6 and modulates BMP6-dependent endothelial activation by regulating the phosphorylation of Smads, the direct downstream transcriptional targets of the BMP receptors. These experiments extend the previous observation that Myo10 induces nondirectional filopodial formation (Bohil et al., 2006) and indicate that Myo10 serves as a critical integration node in growth factor signaling to facilitate directional probing of the local cellular environment as well as further amplification of growth factor signaling that is relevant to the pathophysiologically critical process of ...
http://jcb.rupress.org/content/179/7/1569
SrGAP3 interacts with lamellipodin at the cell membrane and regulates Rac-dependent cellular protrusions | Journal of Cell...SrGAP3 interacts with lamellipodin at the cell membrane and regulates Rac-dependent cellular protrusions | Journal of Cell...
SrGAP3/MEGAP is a member of the Slit-Robo GAP (srGAP) family and is implicated in repulsive axon guidance and neuronal migration through Slit-Robo-mediated signal transduction. Here we describe an inhibitory role of srGAP3 on actin dynamics, specifically on lamellipodia formation. We show that the F-BAR domain localizes srGAP3 to the leading edge of cellular protrusions whereas the SH3 domain is important for focal adhesion targeting. We report on a novel srGAP3 interaction partner, lamellipodin, which localizes with srGAP3 at the leading edge. Live-cell analyses revealed that srGAP3 influences lamellipodin-evoked lamellipodial dynamics. Furthermore, we show that mouse embryonic fibroblasts derived from homozygous srGAP3-knockout embryos display an increased cell area and lamellipodia formation that can be blocked by shRNA-mediated knockdown of lamellipodin.. ...
http://jcs.biologists.org/content/early/2011/12/08/jcs.077081
Cell Spreading and Lamellipodial Extension Rate Is Regulated by Membrane Tension | Journal of Cell Biology | Rockefeller...Cell Spreading and Lamellipodial Extension Rate Is Regulated by Membrane Tension | Journal of Cell Biology | Rockefeller...
Detergents and solvents intercalate into a membrane bilayer, alter the membranes stable composition, expand the membrane area and, consequently, decrease membrane tension. A similar approach to expand the membrane area and decrease membrane tension involves the use of fluorescent lipid analogues. Fluorescent lipid analogues can be readily integrated into the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane bilayer of intact cells by spontaneous monomeric lipid transfer. Thus, to further test whether the lamellipodial extension rate is dependent on membrane tension, we have also used fluorescent lipid analogues to expand the membrane area and decrease the membrane tension. When NIH 3T3 fibroblasts are incubated with 5 mM of a Bodipy-labeled sphingomyelin analogue, C5-DMB-SM, and washed, a continuous plasma membrane fluorescence was observed (Fig. 4 a). A similar plasma membrane staining pattern was observed after cells were incubated with an FITC-phosphatidylethanolamine analogue, FITC-PL (Fig. 4 b), or a ...
https://rupress.org/jcb/article/148/1/127/53139/Cell-Spreading-and-Lamellipodial-Extension-Rate-Is
Plus itPlus it
End capping of cytoskeletal filaments is a key mechanism for regulating filaments elongation and disassembly, as well as the organization of the cytoskeletal architecture. CP binds to the barbed ends of actin filaments to inhibit further elongation and is involved in the formation of branched actin networks in concert with Arp2/3 (Akin and Mullins, 2008). Here, we show that CP plays an essential role in the formation of dendritic spines. In particular, CP knockdown promoted the formation of thin filopodia-like protrusions and inhibited proper spine development. Dendritic spines initiate as filopodia-like protrusions from dendritic shafts, and then convert to mature spine structure with an expanded head (Ziv and Smith, 1996; Yoshihara et al., 2009; Hotulainen and Hoogenraad, 2010). Our data thus suggest that CP may function in the transition of filopodia to spines. CP is known to function in the formation of branched actin networks in lamellipodia in non-neuronal cells, and CP knockdown promotes ...
http://www.jneurosci.org/content/31/28/10228
Lamellipodium extension and membrane ruffling require different SNARE-mediated trafficking pathways | BMC Molecular and Cell...Lamellipodium extension and membrane ruffling require different SNARE-mediated trafficking pathways | BMC Molecular and Cell...
Intracellular membrane traffic is an essential component of the membrane remodeling that supports lamellipodium extension during cell adhesion. The membrane trafficking pathways that contribute to cell adhesion have not been fully elucidated, but recent studies have implicated SNARE proteins. Here, the functions of several SNAREs (SNAP23, VAMP3, VAMP4 and syntaxin13) are characterized during the processes of cell spreading and membrane ruffling. We report the first description of a SNARE complex, containing SNAP23, syntaxin13 and cellubrevin/VAMP3, that is induced by cell adhesion to an extracellular matrix. Impairing the function of the SNAREs in the complex using inhibitory SNARE domains disrupted the recycling endosome, impeded delivery of integrins to the cell surface, and reduced haptotactic cell migration and spreading. Blocking SNAP23 also inhibited the formation of PMA-stimulated, F-actin-rich membrane ruffles; however, membrane ruffle formation was not significantly altered by inhibition of
https://bmcmolcellbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2121-11-62/figures/7
Filopodia formation by crosslinking of F-actin with fascin in two different binding mannersFilopodia formation by crosslinking of F-actin with fascin in two different binding manners
Filopodia are finger-like protrusions at the leading edge of migrating cells that play a crucial antennal function during cell motility. It is known that actin filaments are bundled hexagonally and provide rigidity to filopodia by virtue of fascin, which plays a central role in actin filament bundli …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27169557/
Plus itPlus it
The major finding of the present study was that MIES-mediated spinogenesis in the ARH was necessary for the induction of sexual receptivity. Using a well established cyclical administration of estradiol, once every 4 d to mimic changing estradiol levels during the estrous cycle, we observed that estradiol induced new spines every cycle, which is necessary for estradiol induction of lordosis behavior. The initial action of estradiol was to increase the percentage of spines with filopodial morphology. With increasing time after estradiol priming, the percentage of filopodial spines decreased and mushroom shaped spines increased. This shift in morphology suggested that a population of immature filopodial spines matured to mushroom shapes. This is the natural development of spines, which begin as a filopodial extension of a dendrite. If a synaptic partner is found, receptors will be recruited into the spine membrane as well as scaffold proteins that anchor these receptors at the postsynaptic ...
http://www.jneurosci.org/content/31/48/17583
Mechanism of filopodia initiation by reorganization of a dendritic network | Journal of Cell Biology | Rockefeller University...Mechanism of filopodia initiation by reorganization of a dendritic network | Journal of Cell Biology | Rockefeller University...
To obtain insight into the actual mechanism of filopodia initiation, we next analyzed the kinetics of proteins enriched in filopodia, i.e., fascin and VASP. In GFP-fascin-expressing cells, a majority of nascent filopodia (66%, n = 207) first appeared as a bright dot or short rod on a dark background (Fig. 3, B and C). In other cases (34%), a bright dot of GFP-fascin rather suddenly appeared at the tip of a very faint Λ-shaped density in lamellipodia (Fig. 3 C, inset in 16 s frame). Both kinds of nascent fascin dots subsequently elongated to form a filopodium. Fusion of mature fascin-containing filopodia was also frequently seen (Fig. 3 C). Because fascin is present in lamellipodia, albeit at much lower concentration than in filopodia, the faint Λ-shaped fascin densities might correspond to Λ-precursors, suggesting that in the course of filopodia initiation, fascin initially appears at the tips of the Λ-precursors (see next section). In GFP-VASP sequences, we followed the formation of ...
https://rupress.org/jcb/article/160/3/409/54797/Mechanism-of-filopodia-initiation-by?searchresult=1
EVL - Ena/VASP-like protein - Homo sapiens (Human) - EVL gene & proteinEVL - Ena/VASP-like protein - Homo sapiens (Human) - EVL gene & protein
Ena/VASP proteins are actin-associated proteins involved in a range of processes dependent on cytoskeleton remodeling and cell polarity such as axon guidance and lamellipodial and filopodial dynamics in migrating cells. EVL enhances actin nucleation and polymerization.
http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UI08
Faculty | People | CSBi | Computational and Systems Biology at MITFaculty | People | CSBi | Computational and Systems Biology at MIT
Using the knowledge gained through the study of Ena/VASP proteins in neuronal migration, the Gertler lab has identified domains within Ena/VASP, called EVH1 and EVH2, important for regulating cell motility. EVH1 is important for binding of proteins containing a specific prolinerich motif and EVH2 is the actin-binding domain. Interaction with the EVH1 domain allows for intracellular targeting of Ena/VASPproteins to receptor/signaling complexes. In their search of the proteome for these domains, the Gertler lab has identified new members of the signal network including lammellipodin (Lpd) that localizes to the leading edge of the cell membrane. In collaboration with the Yaffe lab, the Gertler lab demonstarted that a PH domain within Lpd binds to PI(3,4)P2, a phosphoinisotide produced in response to chemotactic stimulation. In addition, overabundance of Lpd increases the velocity of lamellipodia protrusion. The loss-offunction phenotype observed with Lpd is more severe than the loss of any one of ...
http://csbi.mit.edu/people/gertler.html
Translocation or just location? Pseudopodia affect fluorescent signals -ORCATranslocation or just location? Pseudopodia affect fluorescent signals -ORCA
The use of fluorescent probes is one of the most powerful techniques for gaining spatial and temporal knowledge of dynamic events within living cells. Localized increases in the signal from cytosolic fl uo rescent protein constructs, for example, are frequently used as evidence for translocation of proteins to specifi c sites within the cell. However, differences in optical and geometrical properties of cytoplasm can infl uence the recorded intensity of the probe signal. Pseudopodia are especially problematic because their cytoplasmic properties can cause abrupt increases in fl uorescent signal of both GFP and fl uorescein. Investigators should therefore be cautious when interpreting fl uorescence changes within a cell, as these can result from either translocation of the probe or changes in the optical properties of the milieu surrounding the probe.. ...
http://orca.cf.ac.uk/15827/
Plus itPlus it
Serglycin (SRGN), a hematopoietic cell granule proteoglycan, has recently been shown to be overexpressed in several aggressive cancer types. In nasopharyngeal and hepatocellular carcinomas, elevated expression of SRGN was shown to correlate with poor prognosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying SRGN-mediated malignancies remain to be explored. In this study, we showed that SRGN is expressed at elevated levels in several lung cancer-derived cell lines. By gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches, we showed that SRGN promoted NSCLC cell migration. SRGN modulated actin cytoskeleton reorganization and promoted lamellipodia and filopodia formation at the leading edge, facilitating a directional movement during wound closure in NSCLC cells. In consistence, increased levels of activated Rac1, which is required for lamellipodia formation, and CDC42, which is required for filopodia formation, were detected. Increased focal adhesion (FA) turnover, the process of continuous assembly and ...
http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/76/14_Supplement/702
Dynamic analysis of filopodial interactions during the zippering phase of Drosophila dorsal closure | DevelopmentDynamic analysis of filopodial interactions during the zippering phase of Drosophila dorsal closure | Development
What is the molecular basis of cell matching? The data above are consistent with matching being based on just two sets of molecular interactions, one allowing A compartment cells to recognise one another and the other performing the same function for P compartment cells. An obvious possibility is that the molecules that mediate cell matching during DC are the same as those that maintain the integrity of these compartments throughout the epithelium. Alternatively, there could be a different set of recognition molecules present exclusively at the leading edge to mediate cell-cell matching. Filopodia are also observed during the healing of wounds in the ventral epithelium and we reasoned that these wound filopodia should exhibit matching behaviour if the molecules that mediate matching are present throughout the epithelium (Wood et al., 2002). Laser wounds were made to the ventral epithelium across en stripes such that the wound edge consisted of both en-RFP-Moesin and ptc-GFP-Moesin cells. On ...
http://dev.biologists.org/content/135/4/621
CIL:34901. CIL. Dataset
Improved visualization of actin filament branching in lamellipodia. EM of keratocyte or fibroblast lamellipodial actin network after cytochalasin D tr...
http://cellimagelibrary.org/images/34901
ACTR2 actin related protein 2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBIACTR2 actin related protein 2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI
The specific function of this gene has not yet been determined; however, the protein it encodes is known to be a major constituent of the ARP2/3 complex. This complex is located at the cell surface and is essential to cell shape and motility through lamellipodial actin assembly and protrusion. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008 ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/10097
Lamellipodial Growth Promoter | AbcamLamellipodial Growth Promoter | Abcam
Buy Lamellipodial Growth Promoter (CAS 870086-86-5), a cell-permeable fast acting, selective lamellipodial growth promoter. Join researchers using high quality…
http://www.abcam.com/c8n6-bpa-aqueous-solution-ab146824.html
Focus Issue: Cells on the Move | Science SignalingFocus Issue: Cells on the Move | Science Signaling
Sciences STKE explores the molecular mechanisms that allow cells to navigate and migrate in a particular direction. New models for forming cellular extensions called filopodia that initiate migration, along with methods for analysis of the proteomic differences between the cell body and cellular protrusions (pseudopodia), are highlighted. The processes by which groups of cells, as well as individual cells, navigate in a particular direction are also featured.. ...
http://stke.sciencemag.org/content/2007/400/eg8
Rho/ROCK dependent mRNA translocation to tumor cell pseudopodia - UBC Library Open CollectionsRho/ROCK dependent mRNA translocation to tumor cell pseudopodia - UBC Library Open Collections
Learning, knowledge, research, insight: welcome to the world of UBC Library, the second-largest academic research library in Canada.
https://open.library.ubc.ca/cIRcle/collections/ubctheses/831/items/1.0092756
Unconventional myosin-XUnconventional myosin-X
MDNFFTEGTRVWLRENGQHFPSTVNSCAEGIVVFRTDYGQVFTYKQSTITHQKVTAMHPTNEEGVDDMAS 1 - 70 LTELHGGSIMYNLFQRYKRNQIYTYIGSILASVNPYQPIAGLYEPATMEQYSRRHLGELPPHIFAIANEC 71 - 140 YRCLWKRHDNQCILISGESGAGKTESTKLILKFLSVISQQSLELSLKEKTSCVERAILESSPIMEAFGNA 141 - 210 KTVYNNNSSRFGKFVQLNICQKGNIQGGRIVDYLLEKNRVVRQNPGERNYHIFYALLAGLEHEEREEFYL 211 - 280 STPENYHYLNQSGCVEDKTISDQESFREVITAMDVMQFSKEEVREVSRLLAGILHLGNIEFITAGGAQVS 281 - 350 FKTALGRSAELLGLDPTQLTDALTQRSMFLRGEEILTPLNVQQAVDSRDSLAMALYACCFEWVIKKINSR 351 - 420 IKGNEDFKSIGILDIFGFENFEVNHFEQFNINYANEKLQEYFNKHIFSLEQLEYSREGLVWEDIDWIDNG 421 - 490 ECLDLIEKKLGLLALINEESHFPQATDSTLLEKLHSQHANNHFYVKPRVAVNNFGVKHYAGEVQYDVRGI 491 - 560 LEKNRDTFRDDLLNLLRESRFDFIYDLFEHVSSRNNQDTLKCGSKHRRPTVSSQFKDSLHSLMATLSSSN 561 - 630 PFFVRCIKPNMQKMPDQFDQAVVLNQLRYSGMLETVRIRKAGYAVRRPFQDFYKRYKVLMRNLALPEDVR 631 - 700 GKCTSLLQLYDASNSEWQLGKTKVFLRESLEQKLEKRREEEVSHAAMVIRAHVLGFLARKQYRKVLYCVV 701 - 770 IIQKNYRAFLLRRRFLHLKKAAIVFQKQLRGQIARRVYRQLLAEKREQEEKKKQEEEEKKKREEEERERE 771 - 840 ...
https://pharos.nih.gov/idg/targets/Q9HD67
Actinosphaerium eichorni - CTValley Bio
An attractive rhizopod with long raylike pseudopodia. This culture contains sufficient material for a class of 30 students. To simplify ordering we provide our protozoan and algae …
https://www.connecticutvalleybiological.com/sarcodines/actinosphaerium-eichorni.html
Waterbury Orthopaedic Associates | Waterbury & Southbury CTWaterbury Orthopaedic Associates | Waterbury & Southbury CT
For over 60 years, Waterbury Orthopaedic Associates has offered leading edge, full service orthopaedic care to the greater Waterbury CT area
https://waterburyortho.com/
When it comes to water, some materials have a split personality - and some of these materials could hold the key to new ways of...When it comes to water, some materials have a split personality - and some of these materials could hold the key to new ways of...
When it comes to water, some materials have a split personality - and some of these materials could hold the key to new ways of harnessing solar energy.read more
http://www.isaude.net/en/plantao-e-science-news/3781/articles/2016/09/13/water.helps.assembly.biofibers.could.capture.sunlight
Filopodial Dynamics and Growth Cone Stabilization in Drosophila Visual Circuit Development • Neurobiology • Department of...Filopodial Dynamics and Growth Cone Stabilization in Drosophila Visual Circuit Development • Neurobiology • Department of...
Filopodial dynamics are thought to control growth cone guidance, but the types and roles of growth cone dynamics underlying neural circuit assembly in a living brain are largely unknown. To address this issue, we have developed long-term, continuous, fast and high-resolution imaging of growth cone dynamics from axon growth to synapse formation in cultured Drosophila brains. Using R7 photoreceptor neurons as a model we show that >90% of the growth cone filopodia exhibit fast, stochastic dynamics that persist despite ongoing stepwise layer formation. Correspondingly, R7 growth cones stabilize early and change their final position by passive dislocation. N-Cadherin controls both fast filopodial dynamics and growth cone stabilization. Surprisingly, loss of N-Cadherin causes no primary targeting defects, but destabilizes R7 growth cones to jump between correct and incorrect layers. Hence, growth cone dynamics can influence wiring specificity without a direct role in target recognition and implement ...
https://www.bcp.fu-berlin.de/en/biologie/arbeitsgruppen/neurobiologie/ag_hiesinger/publikationen/2015_ozel_filopodial/index.html
道上 宏之 - 岡山大学著者 一覧 - 岡山大学学術成果リポジトリ
The endocytic protein dynamin participates in the formation of actin-based membrane protrusions such as podosomes, pseudopodia, and invadopodia, which facilitate cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. However, the role of dynamin in the formation of actin-based membrane protrusions at the leading edge of cancer cells is unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that the ubiquitously expressed dynamin 2 isoform facilitates cell migration by stabilizing F-actin bundles in filopodia of the lung cancer cell line H1299. Pharmacological inhibition of dynamin 2 decreased cell migration and filopodial formation. Furthermore, dynamin 2 and cortactin mostly colocalized along F-actin bundles in filopodia of serum-stimulated H1299 cells by immunofluorescent and immunoelectron microscopy. Knockdown of dynamin 2 or cortactin inhibited the formation of filopodia in serum-stimulated H1299 cells, concomitant with a loss of F-actin bundles. Expression of wild-type cortactin rescued the punctate-like ...
http://eprints.lib.okayama-u.ac.jp/ja/list/ou_authors/%E9%81%93/8fc0896e00c121c574506e4da22f6611
OpenEmory | Search ResultsOpenEmory | Search Results
The second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) plays a pivotal role in axonal growth and guidance, but its downstream mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we report that type II protein kinase A (PKA) is highly enriched in growth cone filopodia, and this spatial localization enables the coupling of cAMP signaling to its specific effectors to regulate guidance responses. Disrupting the localization of PKA to filopodia impairs cAMP-mediated growth cone attraction and prevents the switching of repulsive responses to attraction by elevated cAMP. Our data further show that PKA targets protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) through the phosphorylation of a regulatory protein inhibitor-1 (I-1) to promote growth cone attraction. Finally, we find that I-1 and PP1 mediate growth cone repulsion induced by myelin-associated glycoprotein. These findings demonstrate that the spatial localization of type II PKA to growth cone filopodia plays an important role in the regulation of growth cone motility and ...
https://open.library.emory.edu/publications/search/?keywords=biomedicin&subject=Biology%2C+Neuroscience&subject=Biology%2C+Cell&page=5&author=Wen%2C+Zhexing&keywords=amp
Dynamic buckling of actin within filopodia - Alle medarbejdere på instituttetDynamic buckling of actin within filopodia - Alle medarbejdere på instituttet
Filopodia are active tubular structures protruding from the cell surface which allow the cell to sense and interact with the surrounding environment through repetitive elongation-retraction cycles. The mechanical behavior of filopodia has been studied by measuring the traction forces exerted on external substrates.(1) These studies have revealed that internal actin flow can transduce a force across the cell surface through transmembrane linkers like integrins. In addition to the elongation-retraction behavior filopodia also exhibit a buckling and rotational behavior. Filopodial buckling in conjunction with rotation enables the cell to explore a much larger 3-dimensional space and allows for more complex, and possibly stronger, interactions with the external environment.(2) Here we focus on how bending of the filopodial actin dynamically correlates with pulling on an optically trapped microsphere which acts like an external substrate attached to the filopodial tip. There is a clear correlation ...
https://www.nbi.ku.dk/ansatte/?pure=da%2Fpublications%2Fdynamic-buckling-of-actin-within-filopodia
Featured Articles : Cell Migration GatewayFeatured Articles : Cell Migration Gateway
Not all lamellipodia are created equal: some contain a highly branched actin network, protrude slowly, and are persistent, whereas those with longer, less branched actin filaments are more dynamic. But behind every lamellipodium lies polymerized actin, actin-binding proteins and their regulators, and a protein called lamellipodin (Lpd), and Law et al. now provide new insight into how Lpd controls lamellipodium formation and cell migration.. The Scar/WAVE complex recruits the Arp2/3 complex to the leading edge to regulate actin branching, whereas filament elongation is mediated by Lpd engaging Ena/VASP. But the absence of Ena/VASP has a much less profound effect on lamellipodia than does depleting Lpd, which severely impairs lamellipodia formation, implying that Lpd might regulate additional actin cytoskeleton effectors. Law et al. postulated that the Scar/WAVE complex could be one such candidate, and set about testing their hypothesis.. After showing that Lpd colocalized with the Scar/WAVE ...
http://www.cellmigration.org/cmg_update/2013/131201/full/cmg192.shtml
PAK1-mediated activation of ERK1/2 regulates lamellipodial dynamics | Journal of Cell SciencePAK1-mediated activation of ERK1/2 regulates lamellipodial dynamics | Journal of Cell Science
Marian Blanca Ramírez from the CSIC in Spain has been studying the effects of LRRK2, a protein associated with Parkinsons disease, on cell motility. A Travelling Fellowship from Journal of Cell Science allowed her to spend time in Prof Maddy Parsons lab at Kings College London, learning new cell migration assays and analysing fibroblasts cultured from individuals with Parkinsons. Read more on her story here. Where could your research take you? The deadline to apply for the current round of Travelling Fellowships is 23rd Feburary 2018. Apply now!. ...
http://jcs.biologists.org/content/early/2008/10/21/jcs.027680
JCI - Profilin 1 delivery tunes cytoskeletal dynamics toward CNS axon regenerationJCI - Profilin 1 delivery tunes cytoskeletal dynamics toward CNS axon regeneration
After trauma, regeneration of adult CNS axons is abortive, causing devastating neurologic deficits. Despite progress in rehabilitative care, there is no effective treatment that stimulates axonal growth following injury. Using models with different regenerative capacities, followed by gain- and loss-of-function analysis, we identified profilin 1 (Pfn1) as a coordinator of actin and microtubules (MTs), powering axonal growth and regeneration. In growth cones, Pfn1 increased actin retrograde flow, MT growth speed, and invasion of filopodia by MTs, orchestrating cytoskeletal dynamics toward axonal growth. In vitro, active Pfn1 promoted MT growth in a formin-dependent manner, whereas localization of MTs to growth cone filopodia was facilitated by direct MT binding and interaction with formins. In vivo, Pfn1 ablation limited regeneration of growth-competent axons after sciatic nerve and spinal cord injury. Adeno-associated viral (AAV) delivery of constitutively active Pfn1 to rodents promoted axonal ...
https://www.jci.org/articles/view/125771/pdf
PCP Signaling between Migrating Neurons and their Planar-Polarized Neuroepithelial Environment Controls Filopodial Dynamics and...PCP Signaling between Migrating Neurons and their Planar-Polarized Neuroepithelial Environment Controls Filopodial Dynamics and...
The planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway is a cell-contact mediated mechanism for transmitting polarity information between neighboring cells. PCP core components (Vangl, Fz, Pk, Dsh, and Celsr) are essential for a number of cell migratory events including the posterior migration of facial branchiomotor neurons (FBMNs) in the plane of the hindbrain neuroepithelium in zebrafish and mice. While the mechanism by which PCP signaling polarizes static epithelial cells is well understood, how PCP signaling controls highly dynamic processes like neuronal migration remains an important outstanding question given that PCP components have been implicated in a range of directed cell movements, particularly during vertebrate development. Here, by systematically disrupting PCP signaling in a rhombomere-restricted manner we show that PCP signaling is required both within FBMNs and the hindbrain rhombomere 4 environment at the time when they initiate their migration. Correspondingly, we demonstrate planar ...
https://www.scienceexchange.com/publications/12544
Novel roles of formin mDia2 in lamellipodia and filopodia formation in motile cellsNovel roles of formin mDia2 in lamellipodia and filopodia formation in motile cells
Actin polymerization-driven protrusion of the leading edge is a key element of cell motility. The important actin nucleators formins and the Arp2/3 complex are believed to have nonoverlapping functions in inducing actin filament bundles in filopodia and dendritic networks in lamellipodia, respective …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18044991/?dopt=Abstract
Membrane and raft association of reggie-1/flotillin-2: role of myristoylation, palmitoylation and oligomerization and induction...Membrane and raft association of reggie-1/flotillin-2: role of myristoylation, palmitoylation and oligomerization and induction...
The reggie protein family consists of two proteins, reggie-1 and -2, also called flotillins, which are highly ubiquitous and evolutionarily conserved. Both reggies have been shown to be associated with membrane rafts and are involved in various cellular processes such as T-cell activation, phagocytosis and insulin signalling. However, the exact molecular function of these proteins remains to be determined. In addition, the mechanism of membrane association of reggie-1, which does not contain any transmembrane domain, is not known. In this study, we have produced a fusion protein of reggie-1 with enhanced green fluorescent protein and generated targeted substitutions for the inactivation of putative palmitoylation and myristoylation sites. We were able to show that reggie-1 is myristoylated and multiply palmitoylated and that lipid modifications are necessary for membrane association of reggie-1. Overexpression of reggie-1 resulted in the induction of numerous filopodia-like protrusions in ...
http://www.biochemj.org/content/378/2/509
Plus itPlus it
RESULTS Glucose stimulation of β-cells in monolayer significantly increased phosphorylation of FAK and paxillin as well as cell surface area. This coincided with the appearance at the basal membrane of numerous shorter actin filopodial extensions, containing not only phosphorylated paxillin, FAK, and extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 but also two SNARE proteins, S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine-25 and syntaxin 1, indicating involvement in exocytosis. SR7037 completely inhibited this sequence of events, indicating the requirement of increased cytosolic Ca2+. Furthermore, knockdown of paxillin significantly decreased GSIS, as did inhibition of glucose-induced FAK phosphorylation by compound Y15. Key findings were confirmed in β-cells within the natural setting of islets. ...
http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/early/2011/02/25/db10-0946
Novel findings explain indirect regulation of glucose homeostasisNovel findings explain indirect regulation of glucose homeostasis
Our results provide important insight into the activity of the delta cell in health and pre-diabetes and a possible mechanism for how somatostatin so effectively can exert its potent suppressive effects within the islet of Langerhans, comments senior study-author Professor Per-Olof Berggren of the Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet in Sweden, who is also a visiting professor at Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore.. Most delta cells are elongated and have a well-defined cell soma and a filopodia-like structure. Using in vivo optogenetics and high-speed Ca2+ imaging, Per-Olof Berggren and his colleagues show that these filopodia are dynamic structures that contain a secretory machinery, enabling the delta cell to reach large numbers of beta cells within the islet.. This provides for efficient regulation of beta cell activity and is modulated by endogenous IGF-1/VEGF-A signaling. In pre-diabetes, delta cells undergo morphological changes that ...
https://nachrichten.idw-online.de/2019/08/19/novel-findings-explain-indirect-regulation-of-glucose-homeostasis/
Aquaporin 9 phosphorylation mediates membrane localization and neutrophil polarizationAquaporin 9 phosphorylation mediates membrane localization and neutrophil polarization
Prerequisites for all modes of cell migration are cell-substratum interactions that require a sophisticated interplay of membrane dynamics and cytoskeletal rearrangement. Generally, a migrating cell is polarized with a distinct rear and front, from which it extends a wide and thin membrane protrusion- lamellipodium, small fingerlike projections- filopodia, and membrane blisters- blebs. The development of these structures is primarily driven by cytoskeletal contractions and actin polymerization, which are under regulation of several actin-binding proteins and the small GTPases Cdc42, Rac and Rho. Lamellipodia and filopodia are assumed to arise from polymerizing actin, pushing the membrane forward through a Brownian-ratchet mechanism. However, other models based on shifts in the local hydrostatic pressure have also been suggested since blebs are initially void of actin. Recently, fluxes of water through membrane-anchored water channels, aquaporins (AQPs), have been implicated in cell motility, ...
http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:458811
Matthew Tyska - Resource Collections - Labnodes - The Vanderbilt Research Network
Cytoskeletal motor proteins generate mechanical forces, which drive numerous cellular processes that are essential for life.  Research in the Tyska laboratory is focused on elucidating the function of the actin cytoskeleton and its associated myosin motor proteins.  The context for our studies is the ‘brush border’: an array of actin-based protrusions known as microvilli, which extend from the surface of polarized epithelial cells.  In the gut, the brush border serves as the sole site of nutrient absorption and a barrier to micro-organisms that reside in the lumenal space.  Using an approach that combines biophysics, biochemistry, and cell biology, we are currently studying mechanisms that control microvillar dynamics, morphology, and function. We have also begun to dissect the mechanism of microvillar assembly, which was jumpstarted by our recent elucidation of the entire brush border proteome.  A broad long-term goal is to develop our understanding of molecules and
https://labnodes.vanderbilt.edu/member/collections/id/10516/pmid/22825496
Tyska Lab - Labnodes - The Vanderbilt Research Network
Cytoskeletal motor proteins generate mechanical forces, which drive numerous cellular processes that are essential for life.  Research in our laboratory is focused on elucidating the function of the actin cytoskeleton and its associated myosin motor proteins.  The context for our studies is the ‘brush border’: an array of actin-based protrusions known as microvilli, which extend from the surface of polarized epithelial cells.  In the gut, the brush border serves as the sole site of nutrient absorption and a barrier to micro-organisms that reside in the lumenal space.  Using an approach that combines biophysics, biochemistry, and cell biology, we are currently studying mechanisms that control microvillar dynamics, morphology, and function. We have also begun to dissect the mechanism of microvillar assembly, which was jump started by our recent elucidation of the entire brush border proteome.  A broad long-term goal is to develop our understanding of molecules and
https://labnodes.vanderbilt.edu/community/profile/id/392/keyword_id/12525/keyword_name/Exosomes
biochemistry - What molecular processes are involved in pseudopodial extension? - Biology Stack Exchangebiochemistry - What molecular processes are involved in pseudopodial extension? - Biology Stack Exchange
The extracellular cue signal must be relayed to the cell by Rho family of GTPases, like in the case of filopodia and lammelipodia. This causes local actin polymerization leading to extension of pseudopodium. For a casual reference you can check the wikipedia page on Rho family of GTPases. Cell biology books like MBOTC also have information on mechanism of cytoskeletal dynamics. ...
https://biology.stackexchange.com/questions/7903/what-molecular-processes-are-involved-in-pseudopodial-extension
CIL:35062. CIL. DatasetCIL:35062. CIL. Dataset
Electron micrograph of keratocyte or fibroblast lamellipodial actin network after unprotected extraction. All examples demonstrate frequent branching...
http://flagella.crbs.ucsd.edu/images/35062
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering SciencesPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
The main function of the algorithm is to distribute nascent FAs and determine which of these (and their associated actin filaments) should be selected for maturation/reinforcement. The algorithm currently considers three mechanisms for FA maturation: (i) lamellipodia retraction occurs that would otherwise leave a nascent adhesion outside the cell body (Zaidel-Bar et al. 2003), (ii) membrane tension spanning two FAs exceeds a certain force threshold (Balaban et al. 2001; Bischofs et al. 2009), and (iii) the cell leading edge advances until it encompasses a nascent FA at the protruding tip of an existing filopodium (Schäfer et al. 2009).. FA maturation induced by lamellipodial retraction has been described as a force independent process (Zaidel-Bar et al. 2003). While experimentally well characterized, it is to date not well understood. In contrast, the separate mechanism of tension induced adhesion maturation is clearly force regulated, inherently involving actin SFs that are recruited to the ...
http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/368/1920/2629.full
Src Regulation of Lamellipodia, Filopodia, and Substrate-Cytoskeletal Coupling in Neuronal Growth ConesSrc Regulation of Lamellipodia, Filopodia, and Substrate-Cytoskeletal Coupling in Neuronal Growth Cones
Axonal growth and pathfinding is fundamental to the development and regeneration of the nervous system. Src tyrosine kinase has been implicated in this process; however, the detailed molecula
https://www.labroots.com/webinar/src-regulation-of-lamellipodia-filopodia-and-substrate-cytoskeletal-coupling-in-neuronal-growth-cones
TRIP Database - Neuromodulin / TRP channels
This protein is associated with nerve growth. It is a major component of the motile growth cones that form the tips of elongating axons. Plays a role in axonal and dendritic filopodia induction ...
http://trpchannel.org/proteins/show?id=Neuromodulin
Damage at the plasma membrane was often connected with clusters of particles and cellular protrusions | GHSR Inhibitor...
00) have been made use of. Secondary antibodies conjugated with Alexa 488, Alexa 568, Alexa 647 and Phalloidin conjugated with Alexa 647 had been from Molecular
http://www.ghsrinhibitor.com/2017/03/22/damage-at-the-plasma-membrane-was-often-connected-with-clusters-of-particles-and-cellular-protrusions/
The importance of this amino acid residue was already postulated proposed to target it in the inhibitor design and style...
One of us predicted previously that the cytoplasmic conclude of CHL1 protein may interact with the cytoskeleton and might induce/control filopodia formation driving tumor cell migration and invasion. CHL1 behavior in CYT387 cancer is as a result strikingly equivalent to L1 and LOX which both perform by way of the actin network. This examine suggested that CHL1 may possibly add to cancer invasive growth and metastasis. It might act possibly as a tumorsuppressor or oncogene. CHL1 consequently could belong to the new rapidly developing category of most cancers genes that could operate possibly as TSGs or oncogenes. For the duration of initial progress CHL1 is not expressed in tumor cells to aid in situ tumor expansion. Re-expression of CHL1 on the edge of the tumor mass and all around tumor vessels could encourage migration and nearby invasive expansion and furthermore enable initiating the metastatic approach. As a result, our final results along with the results that CHL1 was a mutated applicant ...
https://www.kletterwiki.de/The_importance_of_this_amino_acid_residue_was_already_postulated_proposed_to_target_it_in_the_inhibitor_design_and_style_approach
Plek2 - Pleckstrin-2 - Mus musculus (Mouse) - Plek2 gene & proteinPlek2 - Pleckstrin-2 - Mus musculus (Mouse) - Plek2 gene & protein
May help orchestrate cytoskeletal arrangement. Contribute to lamellipodia formation. Overexpression of pleckstrin 2 causes large lamellipodia and peripheral ruffle formation.
http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9WV52
Reelin signals through Apoer2 and Cdc42 to increase growth cone motility and filopodia formation - Zentrum für...
A. Growth cone motility and neurite branch formation are activated (+) by Rac1 and Cdc42 and negatively regulated (-) by RhoA. Reelin participates in the regulation of growth cone motility and branching by regulating Rho GTPase activity (B). Filopodia formation and the formation of neuronal transport vesicles, both known to be mediated by Cdc42, are triggered by Reelin. B. Binding of the extracellular matrix protein Reelin to its transmembrane receptors Apoer2 and Vldlr triggers Dab1 tyrosine phosphorylation by Src-family-kinases (SFK). This leads to the activation of several downstream signals, including phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), which activates Cdc42 via an unknown intermediate effector. There is evidence that Reelin also might locally activate Rac1. N-WASP and WAVE link Cdc42 and Rac1 activity to changes of the actin cytoskeleton, leading to increased growth cone motility, filopodia and vesicle formation, and dendritic branching (A). Cdc42 and Rac1 also contribute to activation of ...
http://www.zfn.uni-freiburg.de/arbeitsgruppen/leemhuis/reelin.html/?searchterm=None
Karlsson, ThommieKarlsson, Thommie
Prerequisites for all modes of cell migration are cell-substratum interactions that require a sophisticated interplay of membrane dynamics and cytoskeletal rearrangement. Generally, a migrating cell is polarized with a distinct rear and front, from which it extends a wide and thin membrane protrusion- lamellipodium, small fingerlike projections- filopodia, and membrane blisters- blebs. The development of these structures is primarily driven by cytoskeletal contractions and actin polymerization, which are under regulation of several actin-binding proteins and the small GTPases Cdc42, Rac and Rho. Lamellipodia and filopodia are assumed to arise from polymerizing actin, pushing the membrane forward through a Brownian-ratchet mechanism. However, other models based on shifts in the local hydrostatic pressure have also been suggested since blebs are initially void of actin. Recently, fluxes of water through membrane-anchored water channels, aquaporins (AQPs), have been implicated in cell motility, ...
http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/person.jsf?pid=authority-person:24802
A Rap/Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Pathway ControlsPseudopod Formation - Research database - University of GroningenA Rap/Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Pathway ControlsPseudopod Formation - Research database - University of Groningen
GbpD, a Dictyostelium discoideum guanine exchange factor specific for Rap1, has been implicated in adhesion, cell polarity, and chemotaxis. Cells overexpressing GbpD are flat, exhibit strongly increased cell-substrate attachment, and extend many bifurcated and lateral pseudopodia. Phg2, a serine/threonine-specific kinase, mediates Rap1-regulated cell-substrate adhesion, but not cell polarity or chemotaxis. In this study we demonstrate that overexpression of GbpD in pi3k1/2-null cells does not induce the adhesion and cell morphology phenotype. Furthermore we show that Rap1 directly binds to the Ras binding domain of PI3K, and overexpression of GbpD leads to strongly enhanced PIP3 levels. Consistently, upon overexpression of the PIP3-degradating enzyme PTEN in GbpD-overexpressing cells, the strong adhesion and cell morphology phenotype is largely lost. These results indicate that a GbpD/Rap/PI3K pathway helps control pseudopod formation and cell polarity. As in Rap-regulated pseudopod formation in ...
https://www.rug.nl/research/portal/publications/a-rapphosphatidylinositol-3kinase-pathway-controlspseudopod-formation
ZFIN Publication: Effendi et al., 2013ZFIN Publication: Effendi et al., 2013
Cyclase-associated protein 2 (CAP2) is a conserved protein that is found up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). By using zebrafish, combined with HCC cell lines, we further investigated the role of CAP2. The zebrafish CAP2 sequence was 60% identical to human CAP2 with 77% homology in the C-terminal actin-binding domain, and 58% in the N-terminal cyclase-binding domain. CAP2 expression was observed during zebrafish development and was preferentially expressed in the skeletal muscle and heart. Knockdown using two different morpholinos against CAP2 resulted in a short-body morphant zebrafish phenotype with pericardial edema. CAP2 was observed co-localized with actin in zebrafish skeletal muscle, and in the leading edge of lamellipodium in HCC cell lines. CAP2 silencing resulted in a defect in lamellipodium formation and decreased cell motility in HCC cell lines. Strongly positive expression of CAP2 was observed in 10 of 16 (63%) poorly, 30 of 68 (44%) moderately, and 2 of 21 (10%) well ...
https://zfin.org/ZDB-PUB-121010-35
Protists - • locomotor organelles provides movt o mainly through flagella(single or cilia or pseudopodial(false foot movt o...Protists - • locomotor organelles provides movt o mainly through flagella(single or cilia or pseudopodial(false foot movt o...
View Notes - Protists from BSC BSC1005 at Broward College. • locomotor organelles - provides movt o mainly through flagella (single or cilia) or pseudopodial (false foot) movt o lobopodia -
https://www.coursehero.com/file/6676215/Protists/
Cytoskeleton reorganization of spreading cells on micro-patterned islands: a functional model | Philosophical Transactions of...Cytoskeleton reorganization of spreading cells on micro-patterned islands: a functional model | Philosophical Transactions of...
The main function of the algorithm is to distribute nascent FAs and determine which of these (and their associated actin filaments) should be selected for maturation/reinforcement. The algorithm currently considers three mechanisms for FA maturation: (i) lamellipodia retraction occurs that would otherwise leave a nascent adhesion outside the cell body (Zaidel-Bar et al. 2003), (ii) membrane tension spanning two FAs exceeds a certain force threshold (Balaban et al. 2001; Bischofs et al. 2009), and (iii) the cell leading edge advances until it encompasses a nascent FA at the protruding tip of an existing filopodium (Schäfer et al. 2009).. FA maturation induced by lamellipodial retraction has been described as a force independent process (Zaidel-Bar et al. 2003). While experimentally well characterized, it is to date not well understood. In contrast, the separate mechanism of tension induced adhesion maturation is clearly force regulated, inherently involving actin SFs that are recruited to the ...
http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/368/1920/2629
engineering homework help - An Overviewengineering homework help - An Overview
Amoeboid motion: In the event of amoeboid movement, pseudopodia are included rather then cilia or flagella. In such cases, two cytoskeletal proteins termed actin and myosin receives polymerized. This generates vacancy and thats why cytoplasmic substance stream to address the vacancy that is established as a result of polymerization reaction. When amoeba moves, cytoplasm moves to the arm like extension referred to as pseudopodium ...
http://stephenqmzfu.blog2learn.com/7144886/engineering-homework-help-an-overview
What is Amoeba? - Find Your Free Essay ExamplesWhat is Amoeba? - Find Your Free Essay Examples
What is Amoeba? An amoeba is a simple eukaryotic organism that moves around through Pseudopodia (cytoplasm pushing the cell membrane); the word pseudopodia means false feet. They are commonly found on freshwater surfaces such as ponds and rivers. The ability to change its body shape as required is the key feature to amoebae (plural). The […]
https://studysolver.com/biology/what-is-amoeba/
Rear-polarized Wnt5a-receptor-actin-myosin-polarity (WRAMP) structures promote the speed and persistence of directional cell...Rear-polarized Wnt5a-receptor-actin-myosin-polarity (WRAMP) structures promote the speed and persistence of directional cell...
Rear-polarized Wnt5a-receptor-actin-myosin-polarity (WRAMP) structures promote the speed and persistence of directional cell migration Journal Article ...
https://experts.colorado.edu/display/pubid_156559
Microtopographies control the development of basal protrusions in epithelial sheetsMicrotopographies control the development of basal protrusions in epithelial sheets
Cells are able to develop various types of membrane protrusions that modulate their adhesive, migratory, or functional properties. However, their ability to form basal protrusions, particularly in the context of epithelial sheets, is not widely characterized. The authors built hexagonal lattices to probe systematically the microtopography-induced formation of epithelial cell protrusions. Lattices of hexagons of various sizes (from 1.5 to 19 μm) and 5-10 μm height were generated by two-photon photopolymerization in NOA61 or poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate derivatives. The authors found that cells generated numerous, extensive, and deep basal protrusions for hexagons inferior to cell size (3-10 μm) while maintaining a continuous epithelial layer above structures. They characterized the kinetics of protrusion formation depending on scaffold geometry and size. The reported formation of extensive protrusions in 3D microtopography could be beneficial to develop new biomaterials with increased ...
https://sam.ensam.eu/handle/10985/13995?locale-attribute=fr
The mammalian verprolin, WIRE induces filopodia independent of N-WASP through IRSp53. | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard...The mammalian verprolin, WIRE induces filopodia independent of N-WASP through IRSp53. | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard...
The mammalian verprolin, WIRE induces filopodia independent of N-WASP through IRSp53. Exp Cell Res. 2010 Oct 15; 316(17):2810-24 ...
https://connects.catalyst.harvard.edu/Profiles/display/32031090
Huttenlocher, Anna - Genetics - UW-MadisonHuttenlocher, Anna - Genetics - UW-Madison
Our research is aimed at understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate cell migration, and how defects in cell migration contribute to human disease. We use both in vitro approaches including cell culture systems and human studies, and in vivo studies using zebrafish as a genetic model system.. Cell migration plays a central role in many different disease processes including cancer, heart disease, asthma and arthritis. Insight into the mechanisms that regulate cell migration will contribute to our understanding of basic cellular processes, but may also aid in the development of new therapeutic approaches for a wide variety of medical conditions. Despite extensive interest in the receptors and mechanisms that regulate cell migration, many fundamental questions remain unanswered. What are the mechanisms by which a cell initiates and then subsequently stops directional cell migration and how is this altered in disease? How are signaling events coordinated both temporally and ...
https://genetics.wisc.edu/staff/huttenlocher-anna/
PseudoPod 559: Granite Requires - PseudopodPseudoPod 559: Granite Requires - Pseudopod
On the walk home, Nightlee is full on crying so that every damn person in town stares at me and thinks about what a terrible mother I am. I stick my knuckle in her mouth again, but when she sucks and comes up dry, she screams even louder.. As I pass Dells, theres a crash that sounds like train-on-train action from the lot behind the store. The old guys hit the deck and people come trotting out of every building on Main. Nightlee is startled into silence by the kind of booming vibration that you feel in your heart.. What the hell was that? asks Mama Tracey, picking herself up off the ground.. Im guessing people are just pretending they dont know, because weve all heard that noise before. Its the sound of one of the rocks smashing into a house.. I come around Dells and take a minute to figure out where the trailer used to be, because I can only see the basalt, standing on its small end like a skyscraper.. Its nestled in the new guys place. He was passing through last year and found our ...
https://pseudopod.org/2017/09/08/pseudopod-559-granite-requires/
EVT-051 - Amoeba ModelEVT-051 - Amoeba Model
Your students will enjoy learning about amoeba with this colorful model. The model covers all the main parts of these cells: contractile vacuole, pseudopodia, cell membrane, food vesicle, nucleus, chromosomes, mitochondria, rough ER and Golgi ...
https://www.edvotek.com/EVT-051
Physiological Units. Organs. Muscles. Nerves.Physiological Units. Organs. Muscles. Nerves.
On the other hand, the correlative functions, so long as they are exerted by a simple undifferentiated morphological unit or cell, are of the simplest character, consisting of those modifications of position which can be effected by mere changes in the form or arrangement of the parts of the protoplasm, or of those prolongations of the protoplasm which are called pseudopodia or cilia. But, in the higher animals and plants, the movements of the organism and of its parts are brought about by the change of the form of certain tissues, the property of which is to shorten in one direction when exposed to certain stimuli. Such tissues are termed contractile; and, in their most fully developed condition, muscular. The stimulus by which this contraction is naturally brought about is a molecular change, either in the substance of the contractile tissue itself, or in some other parts of the body; in which latter case, the motion which is set up in that part of the body must be propagated to the ...
http://www.1902encyclopedia.com/B/BIO/biology-12.html
DrawingDrawing
What makes this drawing good. Accuracy; it actually looks like the specimen. Anyone can recognize it. all major parts of the organism are clearly and ccurately portrayed. The major parts of the cell are clearly labeled. Notice that not all of the detail is shown. The finer details are filled in in only part of the drawing. This is OK. There is enough to give the viewer a good idea of the appearance of the cell. As this was an observation on a living specimen, it is important that patterns of movement are noted. This could have been done a bit more clearly, for example, indicating the pattern of cytoplasm out of the uroid portion of the cell, as well as the patern of flow in the oldest of the pseudopodia. Notice the use of lables and marginal notes. These are important.. Why was the mark on this drawing 8.5 and not higher? The contractile vacuole was plainly visible in these specimens and was missed. It is usually located in the region between the nucleus and the uroid. As mentioned bove, the ...
http://www.zoology.ubc.ca/courses/bio332/drawing.htm
Discamoeba | MicroworldDiscamoeba | Microworld
Genus Discamoeba Jahn, Bovee & Griffith, 1979. Diagnosis: Length and width of locomotive form similar. Clear zone extends around the endoplasmic mass. No posterior uroid. Cytoplasm contains a spherical nucleus and frequently a contractile vacuole and crystals. Floating form without radiating pseudopodia ...
https://arcella.nl/discamoeba
Wage Parity | Leading Edge AdministratorsWage Parity | Leading Edge Administrators
Providing Wage Parity benefits to your employees is a complex process.. Leading Edge manages one of the largest and most sought after Wage Parity Programs in New York State. Our experience and efficiency set us apart by giving our clients a distinct advantage in the marketplace. Among the many attributes of Leading Edge offerings is our dedicated multilingual member services team which includes availability of all materials and resources in a wide variety of languages.. ...
https://www.leadingedgeadmin.com/wage-parity/
Original Carrier for Copiers and the LikeOriginal Carrier for Copiers and the Like
A white leading edge is placed on transparent carriers for copiers to prevent a dark leading edge which tends to create copy sheet paper wraps.
http://priorart.ip.com/IPCOM/000045014
2021 WQA-Coping Skills for Big Feelings with Janine Halloran - Leading Edge Seminars2021 WQA-Coping Skills for Big Feelings with Janine Halloran - Leading Edge Seminars
OFFER EXTENDED TO SEPTEMBER 30! Save 20% on our Fall Webinar Series with code SNEAKPEEK. Dismiss. .is-menu path.search-icon-path { fill: #f53f7b;}body .popup-search-close:after, body .search-close:after { border-color: #f53f7b;}body .popup-search-close:before, body .search-close:before { border-color: #f53f7b;}. ...
https://leadingedgeseminars.org/training/live-webinars/2021-wqa-coping-skills-for-big-feelings-with-janine-halloran/
PseudopodiaPseudopodia
A pseudopod or pseudopodium (plural: pseudopods or pseudopodia) is a temporary arm-like projection of a eukaryotic cell ... or from an existing pseudopod, forming a Y-shaped pseudopodium. The Y-shaped pseudopods are used by Dictyostelium to advance ... The de novo pseudopodia form at different sides than pre-existing ones, they are used by the cells to turn. Y-shaped pseudopods ... Pseudopods are used for motility and ingestion. They are often found in amoebas. Different types of pseudopodia can be ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudopodia
Pseudopod (band)Pseudopod (band)
In 2002, Pseudopod released their debut self-titled CD under Interscope's label. Pseudopod built a reputation for putting on ... Pseudopod is an American rock band, formed in 1998 in Los Angeles, California. The band is perhaps best known for winning ... Pseudopod was formed in 1998 by Ross Grant, Tim McGregor, Brian Fox and Kevin Carlberg, who were all college students studying ... Pseudopod has toured with several well-known musicians, including OAR, Blues Traveler and Maroon 5. 1998: Pod 2001: Rest ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudopod_(band)
Pseudopod (podcast)Pseudopod (podcast)
Pseudopod is co-edited by Shawn M. Garrett and Alex Hofelich (the latter became co-editor in May 2015) and hosted by Alasdair ... Pseudopod has won the Parsec award twice and has been a finalist six additional times: Won the 2009 Parsec Award for Best ... Wil Wheaton calls Pseudopod "pretty damn awesome" and cites it as an example of how new media is changing the broadcast ... Pseudopod is a podcast launched on 11 August 2006 which presents horror genre short stories. It is part of Escape Artists, Inc ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudopod_(podcast)
CollodictyonCollodictyon
The pseudopods in both Amoebozoa and Collodictyon are used in order to catch prey. Brugerolle has proposed a family, ... The species in this genus range in size from 30 to 50 µm in length, can grow broad pseudopodia, and have four flagella and a ... They also share similar features as Amoebozoa because the feeding groove of Collodictyon also form pseudopods at the base which ... Both the flagella and the pseudopodia appear sensitive to food stimulus ... Rhodes, Robert Clinton (29 October 1917). Binary ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collodictyon
AmebocyteAmebocyte
They move by pseudopodia. Similarly to some of the white blood cells of vertebrates, in many species amebocytes are found in ... In tunicates they are blood cells and use pseudopodia to attack pathogens that enter the blood, transport nutrients, get rid of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amebocyte
Anson MountAnson Mount
Studios, Clockpunk (3 August 2018). "PseudoPod 605: The Town Manager". PseudoPod. Retrieved 16 May 2020. "Anson Mount (visual ... He has served as a narrator on the Pseudopod podcast, reading the Thomas Ligotti story "The Town Manager." Andreeva, Nellie ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anson_Mount
Wound healingWound healing
Actin filaments and pseudopodia form. During migration, integrins on the pseudopod attach to the ECM, and the actin filaments ... Stem cells of endothelial cells, originating from parts of uninjured blood vessels, develop pseudopodia and push through the ... from the cell's intermediate filaments and relocate to actin filaments to serve as attachments to the ECM for pseudopodia ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wound_healing
Heavenly BreakfastHeavenly Breakfast
"Samuel R. Delany by K. Leslie Steiner". Pseudopodium.org. Retrieved 2011-04-02. Delany, Samuel R. (2009). Conversations with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavenly_Breakfast
GlaeseriaGlaeseria
Family: Body monopodial; pseudopods rare; locomotion by slight forward bulging; cysts common. Genus: Hyaline cap usually ... present in locomotion; cysts uninucleate to trinuclearte (Illustrated Guide, 1985). Pseudopods formed by forward building, with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaeseria
TahitiTahiti
Pseudopodium.org. Retrieved 26 July 2013. "Population des communes de Polynésie française". INSEE. Archived from the original ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahiti
List of Canadian plays (P-Z)List of Canadian plays (P-Z)
Pseudopod Rejects. Playwrights Guild of Canada, 1995. ISBN 978-1551733173. Ravel, Aviva. The Psychiatrist: A Lecture on 'Bridge ... Drader Prom Night of the Living Dead by Brad Fraser The Proper Perspective by Warren Graves A Proposal by Aviva Ravel Pseudopod ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Canadian_plays_(P–Z)
Iodamoeba buetschliiIodamoeba buetschlii
This form has a pseudopodia for locomotion. The pseudopodia is short and blunt. It moves in a slow manner. The trophozoite has ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodamoeba_buetschlii
Samuel R. DelanySamuel R. Delany
"Samuel R. Delany by K. Leslie Steiner". www.pseudopodium.org. "GCD :: Issue :: Wonder Woman #202". www.comics.org. Delany, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_R._Delany
The WitlingsThe Witlings
". "THE WITLINGS by Fanny Burney". www.pseudopodium.org. Retrieved 5 February 2019. (Articles with short description, Short ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Witlings
ForaminiferaForaminifera
... are unique in having granuloreticulose pseudopodia; that is, their pseudopodia appear granular under the ... The pseudopods are used for locomotion, anchoring, excretion, test construction and in capturing food, which consists of small ... Parasitic strategies vary; some act as ectoparasites, using their pseudopodia to steal food from the host, while others burrow ... A few other amoeboids produce reticulose pseudopods, and were formerly classified with the forams as the Granuloreticulosa, but ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foraminifera
Dan DworkinDan Dworkin
"PseudoPod 139: Old Ways". 24 April 2009. "Popcorn Fiction - The Valknut by Dan Dworkin". www.mulhollandbooks.com. Archived from ... His short fiction has been published on Pseudopod and Popcorn Fiction. "Dan Dworkin". IMDb. "El Rey Network Sets Premiere Dates ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Dworkin
Marine protistsMarine protists
"Amoebae: Protists Which Move and Feed Using Pseudopodia". Tree of Life web project. "The Amoebae". The University of Edinburgh ... Many unicellular protists, particularly protozoans, are motile and can generate movement using flagella, cilia or pseudopods. ... and cells which use pseudopods are usually referred to as amoeba or amoeboids. Other protists are not motile, and consequently ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_protists
SarcomastigophoraSarcomastigophora
It is characterized by flagellae, pseudopodia, or both. It is divided into three subphyla: the Mastigophora, the Sarcodina and ... 2) Locomotory organ either pseudopodia or flagella or both. (3) Reproduction asexual , but when sexually it is essentially by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcomastigophora
AmoebaAmoeba
... on the basis of the form and structure of their pseudopods. Amoebae with pseudopods supported by regular arrays of microtubules ... In German) Amoebae: Protists Which Move and Feed Using Pseudopodia at the Tree of Life web project Pawlowski, J. & Burki, F. ( ... "Amoebae: Protists Which Move and Feed Using Pseudopodia". Tree of Life web project. Archived from the original on 15 June 2010 ... Amoeba move and feed by using pseudopods, which are bulges of cytoplasm formed by the coordinated action of actin ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoeba
EchinamoebidaeEchinamoebidae
Frederick C. Page (1975). "A new family of amoebae with fine pseudopodia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 56 (1): ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinamoebidae
EukaryoteEukaryote
"Amoebae: Protists Which Move and Feed Using Pseudopodia". Tree of Life Web Project. Archived from the original on 15 June 2010 ... Other structures, such as pseudopodia, are found in various eukaryote groups in different forms, such as the lobose amoebozoans ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote
GlobigerinoidesGlobigerinoides
As with other amoeboids these foraminifera utilize pseudopodia. Pseudopodia are widely used throughout their entire lifecycle ... Once a copepod or nauplii is caught in its spines G. ruber uses its pseudopodia to draw the caught prey close to its test to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globigerinoides
Protist locomotionProtist locomotion
"Amoebae: Protists Which Move and Feed Using Pseudopodia". Tree of Life web project. "The Amoebae". The University of Edinburgh ... Many unicellular protists, particularly protozoans, are motile and can generate movement using flagella, cilia or pseudopods. ... and cells which use pseudopods are usually referred to as amoeba or amoeboids. Other protists are not motile, and consequently ... membrane-continuous structures such as cilia and pseudopodia. Loss of voltage-gated sodium/calcium channels is further ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protist_locomotion
Frances BurneyFrances Burney
Pseudopodium.org (2004-11-15). Retrieved on 2020-02-22. Miriam J. Berkowitz transcribed a manuscript copy of Edwy and Elgiva ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frances_Burney
ApicomplexaApicomplexa
Motile structures such as flagella or pseudopods are present only in certain gamete stages. The Apicomplexa are a diverse group ... or pseudopods. Most of the Apicomplexa are motile, however, by use of a gliding mechanism that uses adhesions and small static ... or pseudopods (e.g., Entamoeba, Acanthamoeba, Naegleria). If they had cell walls, they also could be included in plant kingdom ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apicomplexa
Chaos (genus)Chaos (genus)
Like other lobose amoebae, Chaos move by extending pseudopodia. As a new pseudopod is extended, a variable zone of ectoplasm ... Until quite recently, the genus Chaos was included, along with all other protists that extend lobose pseudopods or move about ... Like all Amoebozoa, they take in food by phagocytosis, encircling food particles with its pseudopodia, then enclosing them ... producing numerous cylindrical pseudopods, each of which is rounded at the tip. However, while Amoeba have a single nucleus, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaos_(genus)
Entamoeba poleckiEntamoeba polecki
Trophozoites are irregularly shaped and possess pseudopodia for motility. They have a single nucleus with a small central ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entamoeba_polecki
FertilisationFertilisation
The pseudopodia is first withdrawn and the nucleus starts dividing. When the cytoplasm is divided, the cytoplasm is also ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilisation
Lillian Smith (author)Lillian Smith (author)
Pseudopodia, I, 2 (Summer, 1936), 11-12. …, Pseudopodia, I, 3 (Fall, 1936), 11, 16. …, Pseudopodia, I, 4 (Winter, 1937), 13-14 ... "Big Granny," Pseudopodia, I, 2 (Summer, 1936), 4-5, 15-16. "Mountain Monotones: Jabe's Mule." Pseudopodia, I, 4 (Winter, 1937 ... All issues of Pseudopodia/North Georgia Review/South Today are available online through the Archives Online of Piedmont College ... Pseudopodia, I, 4 (Winter, 1937), 7, 11. Rev. of Stubborn Roots, by Elma Godchaux. "Along Their Way," North Georgia Review, II ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lillian_Smith_(author)
LeptogromiaLeptogromia
L. operculata also can show a web of long pseudopodia which it can use in order to catch prey , or to move around. L. ... "Leptogromia amoeba with pseudopodia, microscopy - Stock Video Clip - K011/1250". Science Photo Library. (Articles with short ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptogromia
Ubud | PseudoPodUbud | PseudoPod
http://media.libsyn.com/media/pseudopod//Pseudo386_TheDogsOfUbud.mp3. Podcast: Play in new window , Download (Duration: 36:16 ...
https://pseudopod.org/tag/ubud/
Paula Guran Reviews Short Fiction: Apex #130, PodCastle, and PseudoPod - Locus OnlinePaula Guran Reviews Short Fiction: Apex #130, PodCastle, and PseudoPod - Locus Online
Paula Guran Reviews Short Fiction: Apex #130, PodCastle, and PseudoPod July 3, 2022. June 9, 2022. locusmag 0 Comments Paula ... PseudoPod 3/11/22. "Nine Theories of Time" by Spencer Nitkey leads off the six original stories of Apex #130. It is not so much ... Emily Rigoles "The Bear Across the Way" (PseudoPod 801) is unusual and satisfying. Unlike her neighbors, Shelley ignores the ...
https://locusmag.com/2022/07/paula-guran-reviews-short-fiction-apex-130-podcastle-and-pseudopod/
Pseudopod Archives - Innsmouth Free PressPseudopod Archives - Innsmouth Free Press
Posted in: Articles, Reviews Filed under: audio, horror, Paula R Stiles, Pseudopod, radio, Summer Screams ...
https://innsmouthfreepress.com/tag/pseudopod/
lib/Pod/PseudoPod/DOM/Corpus.pm - metacpan.orglib/Pod/PseudoPod/DOM/Corpus.pm - metacpan.org
PseudoPod::DOM::Index; use Pod::PseudoPod::DOM::TableOfContents; use Pod::PseudoPod::DOM::App open_fh; has documents, is ... CHROMATIC / Pod-PseudoPod-DOM-1.20210620.2040 / lib / Pod / PseudoPod / DOM / Corpus.pm ... PseudoPod::DOM::Index-,new }; has contents, is =, ro, default =, sub { Pod::PseudoPod::DOM::TableOfContents-,new }; sub add ... package Pod::PseudoPod::DOM::Corpus; # ABSTRACT: a collection of documents which share metadata elements use strict; use ...
https://metacpan.org/release/CHROMATIC/Pod-PseudoPod-DOM-1.20210620.2040/source/lib/Pod/PseudoPod/DOM/Corpus.pm
The Pseudopod Tapes 1 by Alasdair Stuart. Book review | The British Fantasy SocietyThe Pseudopod Tapes 1 by Alasdair Stuart. Book review | The British Fantasy Society
So for me, and for most Pseudopod fans, this book is a little treasure, and I hope it won’t be the last. I also think there ... The Pseudopod Tapes 1 by Alasdair Stuart. Book review. Posted on 08/03/2013 in Reviews ... THE PSEUDOPOD TAPES VOLUME 1, by Alasdair Stuart, Fox Spirit, p/b, £4.99. http://www.foxspirit.co.uk ...
https://www.britishfantasysociety.org/reviews/the-pseudopod-tapes-1-by-alasdair-stuart-book-review/
PseudoPod 550: Again
... by Ramsey Campbell.. "Again" was first published in Rod Serlings The Twilight Zone Magazine, November ... Holy .... this was the most riviting and frightening story for me on pseudopod for a long time. The beginning was just so ... Re: PseudoPod 550: Again Reply #1 on: July 12, 2017, 05:03:42 PM ...
https://forum.escapeartists.net/index.php?topic=10448.0
Anthropomorphic Dreams Publishing » Blog Archive » Pseudopod - Love Like Thunder
Pseudopods recent story Love Like Thunder is a wonderful mix of Native American folklore and mythology along with a nice tale ...
http://www.anthrodreams.com/wordpress/2009/12/07/pseudopod-love-like-thunder/
PseudoPod podcastPseudoPod podcast
The unseen creature whose ravenous fangs dog your every step as your footfalls echo down the midnight alleyway. - A long, icy shadow looming over you, making the hairs on your neck rise and your breath turn to ragged puffs of mist. - Unearthly howls that pierce the night, pulling you from the comfort of sleep with feverish, heart-pounding dread. - Welcome to Tales to Terrify, a weekly horror fiction podcast that gets under your skin, lays eggs and hatches writhing baby horrors nursed on your ...
https://id.player.fm/series/pseudopod-11147
Dermoscopy Made Simple: PseudopodsDermoscopy Made Simple: Pseudopods
View this YouTube video on Pseudopods. Click on the arrow and when it starts go to the bottom of the screen and change the 360 ...
http://dermoscopymadesimple.blogspot.com/2010/08/pseudopods.html
From autistic isolation towards the extention of the pseudopods towards others in autismFrom autistic isolation towards the extention of the pseudopods towards others in autism
BIALER, Marina. From autistic isolation towards the extention of the pseudopods towards others in autism. Reverso [online]. ... allow the autistic to keep his pseudopods extended towards others. ...
http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0102-73952014000200008&lng=pt&nrm=i&tlng=en
Pseudopod Enterprises | Main Page | Pseudopod EnterprisesPseudopod Enterprises | Main Page | Pseudopod Enterprises
Original fiction and more by Dave Stone
http://pseudopod.empty-spaces.net
Index of /debian/pool/main/libp/libpod-pseudopod-perl
... Name. Last modified. Size. Description. ... libpod-pseudopod-perl_0.18-1.debian.tar.gz. 2011-08-10 19:48 2.2K. ... libpod-pseudopod-perl_0.18-2.debian.tar.xz. 2015-05-31 00:44 2.5K. ... libpod-pseudopod-perl_0.19-1.debian.tar.xz. 2019-12-28 09:27 2.5K. ...
http://ftp.wa.au.debian.org/debian/pool/main/libp/libpod-pseudopod-perl/?C=S
CDC - DPDx - MalariaCDC - DPDx - Malaria
large cytoplasm with occasional pseudopods; large chromatin dot. Trophozoite. enlarged 1.5 to 2x; may be distorted; fine ...
https://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/malaria/index.html
Mythic Delirium Reborn | SF SignalMythic Delirium Reborn | SF Signal
A new Mythic Delirium is coming…. …and the old Mythic Delirium is going away.. In a nutshell, the print edition of Mythic Delirium, which only publishes poetry, is going to be wrapped up and put to bed. And a new version of Mythic Delirium will launch in July that will exist in web and e-book form, that will publish fiction as well as some poetry.. In terms of immediate consequences, what that means is the current Mythic Delirium submission window, which lasts through May 1 (click here to read the guidelines) will be the last open submission call for poems for the print edition of Mythic Delirium. The poems accepted will go into Mythic Delirium 29, which I plan to have out by October of this year. The final print issue, Mythic Delirium 30, due out in Spring 2014, will be a retrospective issue spanning 15 years of poetic highlights.. NOTE: I am not currently reading unsolicited fiction submissions. Ill do that during the next submission window, Aug. 1-Oct. 1.. Theres a tiny, tiny handful of ...
https://www.sfsignal.com/archives/2013/03/mythic-delirium-reborn/
15+ Best Scary Podcasts: Ranked & Reviewed [2022 Update]15+ Best Scary Podcasts: Ranked & Reviewed [2022 Update]
PseudoPod. Next is another series that collects original horror stories.. Authors craft stories that you can read with the ...
https://bloggingtips.com/scary-podcasts/
PSEUDOPOD BLACK (EA x Voidmerch) Masc T-Shirt | VOID MERCHPSEUDOPOD BLACK (EA x Voidmerch) Masc T-Shirt | VOID MERCH
a shirt with the word PSEUDOPOD drawn in the style of a black metal band logo - available on a T-Shirt ... Show your support of the Pseudopod podcast and all of Escape Artists Inc with this hand drawn metal logo! (Logo Copyright ...
https://voidmerch.threadless.com/designs/pseudopod-black-escape-artists-x-voidmerch/masc/t-shirt/extra-soft?variation=front&color=gold
PseudoPod 616: Flash On The Borderlands XLIV: Objectification - The Cultural..."PseudoPod 616: Flash On The Borderlands XLIV: Objectification" - The Cultural...
Pseudopod is for mature audiences only. Hardly any story on Pseudopod is suitable for children. We mean this very seriously. ... And a friendly warning: "Pseudopod is for mature audiences only. Hardly any story on Pseudopod is suitable for children. We ... "PseudoPod 616: Flash On The Borderlands XLIV: Objectification". By Guttersnipe on October 12, 2018. • ( Leave a comment ) ... Tagged as: audio, Chloe Yates, horror, podcasts, poetry, PseudoPod, short stories, stories, the ladies ...
https://culturalgutter.com/2018/10/12/pseudopod-616-flash-on-the-borderlands-xliv-objectification/
Topographic Changes in SARS Coronavirus-infected Cells during Late Stages of Infection - Volume 10, Number 11-November 2004 -...
From 15 to 24 h after infection, the virus was exported prolifically at the pseudopodia and cell surfaces (Figure 3A-C, arrows ... The surface form of the cells at advanced infection displayed prolific pseudopodia that, in addition to the rest of the plasma ... In Figure 7A, gross thickening of the cell skeletal filaments was seen in the cytoplasm (arrowhead) and pseudopodia (arrows). ... In addition to the large amount of extracellular virus particles on most cells, proliferation of the pseudopodia in the ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/10/11/04-0195_article
Arp2/3 is critical for lamellipodia and response to extracellular matrix cues but is dispensable for chemotaxisArp2/3 is critical for lamellipodia and response to extracellular matrix cues but is dispensable for chemotaxis
Pseudopodia / metabolism* Substances * Actin-Related Protein 2-3 Complex Grant support * DK037871/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22385962/
Novel skin phenotypes revealed by a genome-wide mouse reverse genetic screen | Nature CommunicationsNovel skin phenotypes revealed by a genome-wide mouse reverse genetic screen | Nature Communications
Rac1 drives melanoblast organization during mouse development by orchestrating pseudopod- driven motility and cell-cycle ...
https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms4540?error=cookies_not_supported
endolimax nana cyst and trophozoite - Yahoo Search Resultsendolimax nana cyst and trophozoite - Yahoo Search Results
Motility is sluggish with blunt hyalin pseudopodia. www.medical-labs.net/endolimax-nana-parasite-trophozoite-and-cyst-2576/ ...
https://search.yahoo.com/mobile/s?p=endolimax+nana+cyst+and+trophozoite&ei=UTF-8&_tsrc=apple&fr2=p%3As%2Cv%3Aw%2Cm%3Ars-bottom%2Cct%3Aseaview
Chaos (genus) - WikipediaChaos (genus) - Wikipedia
Like other lobose amoebae, Chaos move by extending pseudopodia. As a new pseudopod is extended, a variable zone of ectoplasm ... Until quite recently, the genus Chaos was included, along with all other protists that extend lobose pseudopods or move about ... producing numerous cylindrical pseudopods, each of which is rounded at the tip.[5] However, while Amoeba have a single nucleus ... encircling food particles with its pseudopodia, then enclosing them within a food ball, or vacuole, where they are broken down ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaos_
The Magnus Archives podcastThe Magnus Archives podcast
Listen to The Magnus Archives with 294 episodes, free! No signup or install needed. The Magnus Protocol Kickstarter is LIVE. Feed Drop - Amazon SUSPECT: VANISHED in The Snow.
https://player.fm/series/1363917
Podcasting: The Hugo Eligible EA Stories of 2016 - Alasdair StuartPodcasting: The Hugo Eligible EA Stories of 2016 - Alasdair Stuart
Pseudopod stories. 2015 first publications:. *The Three Chimes by David Longshore. *The Godsmaid Clara and Her Many Smiles by ...
http://alasdairstuart.com/podcasting-the-hugo-eligible-ea-stories-of-2016/
NIOSHTIC-2 Search Results - Full View
Few pseudopodia were visible. Some necrosis was observed. Titanium-dioxide caused less severe changes, expanded cellular volume ... Frequent vacuolation and loss of pseudopodia and microvilli from the membrane were observed. Short asbestos fibers were ... and increased numbers of pseudopodia being the major changes seen. Quartz disrupted the cell membrane. ...
http://www2a.cdc.gov/nioshtic-2/BuildQyr.asp?s1=antimony&f1=%2A&Startyear=&Adv=0&terms=1&EndYear=&Limit=10000&sort=&D1=10&PageNo=6&RecNo=54&View=f&
Alioth Powers, Enemies, History | MarvelAlioth Powers, Enemies, History | Marvel
It can extend pseudopodia to attack focal beings or locations. It grows in size and power by absorbing time travelers bodies ...
https://www.marvel.com/characters/alioth
Phagocytosis - Health Video: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaPhagocytosis - Health Video: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Theyre scavenger cells that can form tentacles called pseudopods to surround and ingest foreign cells. ... Theyre scavenger cells that can form tentacles called pseudopods to surround and ingest foreign cells. ...
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/anatomyvideos/000098.htm
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Note the numerous pseudopodia; projecting from the surfaces of these organisms. These pseudopodia enable the amoebae to move ...
https://phil.cdc.gov/Details.aspx?pid=11901
mortal clay stone heartmortal clay stone heart
Biba Jibun at Pseudopod and Adventures in E-book Publishing Update. By Eugie Foster , January 20, 2012 - 6:30 pm , Blog 3 ... First and foremost, "Biba Jibun" is now up at Pseudopod for your free listening pleasure, read by the talented Kara Grace. ...
http://www.eugiefoster.com/at/mortal-clay-stone-heart
MicrovilliLamellipodiaParticlesAmoebaeMembraneExtendSurroundNumerousStoryChildrenScience FictionReadAuthorVisibleHorrorListenPodcastlePodcastSignal transductionEscape PodAmoebaAlasdair StuartCiliaActin cytoskeletonUnicellular animalNarratorOrganismsAmoeboid cellsProjectionsProtozoaKickstarterCellsPhagocytosisTentaclesPreyFilamentsPodcastsFascinEngulfsMovesCreatureInitiallyStoriesFormSuitableDemonstrateDistinctReductionAudioMoveFiction
Microvilli2
  • Frequent vacuolation and loss of pseudopodia and microvilli from the membrane were observed. (cdc.gov)
  • When the organ of Corti is severely traumatized by intense (160 dB) blast waves, such that as much as 7 mm of Corti's organ is torn loose from the basilar membrane, the cells of the inner sulcus respond to the altered biochemical milieu of the endolymph by a prolific elaboration of surface membrane, zeiosis and the development of numerous pseudopodia and microvilli. (cdc.gov)
Lamellipodia1
  • So is theoretical work in progress, which explains the characteristic time scales and correlations of phenomenological models in terms of the dynamics of cytoskeleton, lamellipodia, and pseudopodia. (dtu.dk)
Particles2
  • [3] Like all Amoebozoa , they take in food by phagocytosis , encircling food particles with its pseudopodia, then enclosing them within a food ball, or vacuole , where they are broken down by enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Though both will lead to phagocytosis, complement-opsonized particles will slowly 'sink in' to the cell, whereas binding of the antibodies to the Fcγ receptor will lead to extension of neutrophil pseudopods until they surround and eventually entrap the particle. (medscape.com)
Amoebae2
  • Like other lobose amoebae, Chaos move by extending pseudopodia . (wikipedia.org)
  • Amoebae move by crawling, and this movement is caused by their pseudopodia, which are a specific kind of plasma membrane. (risingacademy.org)
Membrane3
  • The surface form of the cells at advanced infection displayed prolific pseudopodia that, in addition to the rest of the plasma membrane, were also active sites of virus release. (cdc.gov)
  • Cell membrane protrusions that resemble long fingers are known as pseudopodia. (risingacademy.org)
  • The surface form of the cells at advanced enters cells by direct fusion of the virus envelope with the infection displayed prolific pseudopodia that, in addition to plasma membrane (11). (cdc.gov)
Extend2
  • It can extend pseudopodia to attack focal beings or locations. (marvel.com)
  • Multiple pseudopodia extend in different directions and there is a marked demarcation in granularity between cytoplasmic endoplasm and pseudopodial ectoplasm. (ajtmh.org)
Surround1
  • They're scavenger cells that can form tentacles called pseudopods to surround and ingest foreign cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Numerous1
  • Members of the genus closely resemble those of genus Amoeba and share the same general morphology, producing numerous cylindrical pseudopods , each of which is rounded at the tip. (wikipedia.org)
Story2
  • this was the most riviting and frightening story for me on pseudopod for a long time. (escapeartists.net)
  • Hardly any story on Pseudopod is suitable for children. (culturalgutter.com)
Children1
  • Their short fiction appears in publications such as Vastarien, Southwest Review, Pseudopod, and Children of the New Flesh. (horrorsong.blog)
Science Fiction1
  • Their work has appeared in such venues as Jim Baen's Universe, Daily Science Fiction, Crossed Genres, Pseudopod, and Cast of Wonders. (nightmare-magazine.com)
Read1
  • First and foremost, "Biba Jibun" is now up at Pseudopod for your free listening pleasure, read by the talented Kara Grace. (eugiefoster.com)
Author1
  • Now available for your listening pleasure: PseudoPod 788: "The Stories We Tell About Ghosts" Author : A.C. Wise Narrator : Alethea Kontis Host : Alasdair Stuart "Growing up in Dieu-le-Sauveur, my friends and I told stories about ghosts-the Starving Man, the Sleeping Girl, and the House at the End of the Street. (aletheakontis.com)
Visible1
  • Few pseudopodia were visible. (cdc.gov)
Horror1
  • So for me, and for most Pseudopod fans, this book is a little treasure, and I hope it won’t be the last. I also think there is enough here to entertain those unfamiliar with Al, his blog and the show. His writing is always worth a look and I suspect this will be a popular Christmas gift for horror fans the world over. (britishfantasysociety.org)
Listen1
Podcastle6
  • They've narrated stories for Escape Pod, Podcastle, Pseudopod , and Cast of Wonders . (strangehorizons.com)
  • He has narrated stories for PodCastle and Pseudopod. (podcastle.org)
  • Marisca Pichette 's work has appeared in Strange Horizons, Fireside Magazine, PseudoPod , and PodCastle , among others. (kaleidotrope.net)
  • For those of you who aren't familiar with EscapePod, Pseudopod, PodCastle , and Cast of Wonders, they're part of a family of well-respected literary podcasts that were among the first and now longest-running shows of their kind. (melindabrasher.com)
  • Escape Pod does science fiction, PodCastle does fantasy, Cast of Wonders is aimed at the young adult who like speculative fiction, and my story appears in Pseudopod , the horror podcast. (melindabrasher.com)
  • Before the course began, I asked myself a couple of questions: Were Escape Pod , Podcastle , or even Pseudopod , podcasts I have been following since 2010, suitable for a university course? (diabolicalplots.com)
Podcast3
  • Pseudopod , the world's longest running free short horror fiction podcast, is celebrating its 10th Halloween and wants to raise funds to pay their narrators. (britishfantasysociety.org)
  • Those who've been around here awhile are probably already familiar with Pseudopod , but in case you're not, they're a terrific horror fiction podcast. (orringrey.com)
  • His fiction has been published in many great venues including Escape Pod , Daily Science Fiction , Bull Spec , AE , and Pseudopod , as well as Tina Connolly 's Toasted Cake podcast. (podcastle.org)
Signal transduction2
  • Uniform cAMP stimulation of Dictyostelium cells induces localized patches of signal transduction and pseudopodia. (crossref.org)
  • Phagocytic particle ingestion can require actin assembly and pseudopod extension, two cellular events that may coincide spatially and temporally but apparently use distinct signal transduction events or pathways [5]. (imm.org)
Escape Pod2
  • I'm a huge fan of Pseudopod and Escape Pod, and getting to read for them is so damn cool. (escapeartists.net)
  • In the past decade she has been the co-founder/co-editor of PseudoPod, founding editor of Mothership Zeta, and the editor or co-editor of Escape Pod (where she is currently). (escapepod.org)
Amoeba6
  • When the amoeba gets near to its food, it engulfs its food particle through the process of phagocytosis by forwarding its pseudopodia and covering the whole food particle to take the food inside its body. (altezzavoeren.com)
  • When the particle is completely trapped the amoeba secretes digestive enzymes that digests the food Amoeba engulfs the food particles with the help of finger like projections called pseudopodia. (altezzavoeren.com)
  • Amoeba is unicellular organism living in water is takes in food by forming finger like projection called pseudopodia and forms a food vacuole. (altezzavoeren.com)
  • Amoeba consumes food with the help of pseudopodia. (altezzavoeren.com)
  • Amoeba, a unicellular animal, engulfs tiny particles of food by using pseudopodia. (altezzavoeren.com)
  • Amoeba engulfs food particles with the help of pseudopodia which are the projections of cell membranes. (altezzavoeren.com)
Alasdair Stuart2
  • Full disclosure: Promotion of this project is because Pseudopod, and Alasdair Stuart (Pseudopod and Escape Artists Head Honcho), are awesome and what they're trying to do is a brilliant thing and not because Phil, current BFS Chair, has recently narrated for Pseudopod and would love to get paid for his work in future! (britishfantasysociety.org)
  • Alasdair Stuart, one of the UK's most knowledgeable and enthusiastic genre journalists returns with this second collection of PseudoPod Essays. (foxspirit.co.uk)
Cilia2
  • Animal-like protists include protozoans, which are classified according to if they move by flagella, pseudopodia or cilia. (reference.com)
  • obtain nourishment by ingesting food particles rather than by photosynthesis: classified as the superphylum Protozoa encompassing separate phyla according to means of movement, as by pseudopod, flagella, or cilia. (thefreedictionary.com)
Actin cytoskeleton2
  • Instead of utilizing the actin cytoskeleton and motor proteins, the pseudopod moves via the regulated assembly and disassembly of filaments composed of the major sperm protein (MSP). (wormbase.org)
  • The encoded protein is involved in actin cytoskeleton re-organization during cell shape changes, including pseudopodia formation. (nih.gov)
Unicellular animal1
  • unicellular animal with pseudopods that lives in fresh or saltwater. (infovisual.info)
Narrator1
Organisms1
  • Pseudopodia are extended to surround other organisms and draw them into the body. (thedebutanteball.com)
Amoeboid cells1
  • The ordered extension of pseudopodia by amoeboid cells in the absence of external cues. (crossref.org)
Projections3
  • Pseudopodia are temporary finger-like projections of the cell surface, which fuse over the food particle. (altezzavoeren.com)
  • The protrusions extending from the cells are cell projections or pseudopodium. (nih.gov)
  • According to Mr. Hendricks, my science teacher from seventh grade, "Amoebas in transition extend projections called pseudopodia-false feet. (thedebutanteball.com)
Protozoa1
  • Radioflagellata 1.A group of Protozoa having both flagella and pseudopodia. (minecraftforum.net)
Kickstarter4
  • Pseudopod: Year 10 Kickstarter Shenanigans! (britishfantasysociety.org)
  • Our friends over at Pseudopod are running a Kickstarter project to enable them to be able to pay their narrators in the future. (britishfantasysociety.org)
  • The Kickstarter has all sorts of great reward tiers, and one of the most exciting aspects is that the folks at Pseudopod have assembled their first anthology for the occasion, including some classic reprints from their archives but also featuring new tales by Damien Angelica Walters, A.C. Wise, and yours truly, to name a few. (orringrey.com)
  • Pseudopod Kickstarter - Who Killed Orrin Grey? (orringrey.com)
Cells5
  • They're scavenger cells that can form tentacles called pseudopods to surround and ingest foreign cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Locomotive amoebae occasionally had a spatulate outline and floating cells had radiating pseudopodia, sometimes with pointed tips. (bioone.org)
  • Listeria monocytogenes is driven through infected host cytoplasm by a comet tail of actin filaments that serves to project the bacterium out of the cell surface, in pseudopodia, to invade neighboring cells. (rupress.org)
  • We have now isolated the pseudopodia from PtK2 cells and macrophages and determined the organization of actin filaments within them. (rupress.org)
  • Pseudopodia and a spread of cells that demonstrated maturation were observed on the lased irradiated titanium disks. (quintpub.com)
Phagocytosis1
  • The food is internalized through a type of endocytosis known as phagocytosis.In this process, the pseudopodia surround and engulf a bacterium or other food source. (altezzavoeren.com)
Tentacles1
  • It's just that mollusks, with their tentacles and beaks and pseudopodia and large brains, freak my Schmidt out. (sciencebuzz.org)
Prey2
  • Amoebas obtain food by capturing their prey with their pseudopodia. (altezzavoeren.com)
  • This is sometimes effected without any noteworthy aid from the filiform pseudopodia: these may, it is true, grasp a quiescent prey or cling to an object that is moving, but in the specimens of Actinosphaerium in which I saw most active ingestion, contact of an Infusorian or of Euglena with the main body of its captor was the only antecedent which I could immediately connect with the enclosure that followed. (ox.ac.uk)
Filaments1
  • This axial component of filaments is traversed by variable numbers of short, randomly arranged filaments whose number decays along the length of the pseudopodium. (rupress.org)
Podcasts2
  • The folks who work there are all great people who do great work, and though we (or at least I) tend to think of podcasts as something separate from, say, magazines, there are few horror publications going that consistently produce the kind of quality that you get from Pseudopod, full stop. (orringrey.com)
  • Pretty sure it was a combination of three things: #1 I read all the time, particularly short horror fiction - and when I don't read I listen to audio podcasts like www.pseudopod.org . (atlretro.com)
Fascin1
  • Inositols interfere also with the cytoskeleton by upregulating Focal Adhesion Kinase and E-cadherin and decreasing Fascin and Cofilin, two main components of pseudopodia, leading hence to invasiveness impairment. (hindawi.com)
Engulfs1
  • It engulfs the food particle with the help of pseudopodia and then forms a vacuole around it. (altezzavoeren.com)
Moves1
  • it moves and feeds by means of pseudopodia. (abzumo.com)
Creature1
  • Mimics also have a powerful adhesive that holds fast to whatever touches them, allowing the mimic to beat the creature with its powerful pseudopods. (wordpress.com)
Initially2
  • Initially, it pushes out its pseudopodia so that it can encircle the food. (altezzavoeren.com)
  • Organelles are initially excluded as the pseudopod first forms, but they flow in as the pseudopo. (cellimagelibrary.org)
Stories2
  • After all, Pseudopod has stories for you and, as always, they promise they're true. (foxspirit.co.uk)
  • Over the years I've enjoyed a good working relationship with Pseudopod, and sold them a few more stories. (orringrey.com)
Form2
  • Pseudopod is a genre magazine in audio form. (horrortree.com)
  • They did not demonstrate telekinesis or the ability to form pseudopods. (marvunapp.com)
Suitable1
Demonstrate1
  • Accompanying photographs are enlargements of the tips of pseudopodia to demonstrate their fle. (ucsd.edu)
Distinct1
  • In addition, Ogawa and Yanagisawa reported finding distinct erythroblast deformation, including the presence of pseudopodia and filamentous changes, in association with HHV-6-related transient erythroblastopenia of childhood. (medscape.com)
Reduction1
  • The exit of a comet tail from bulk cytoplasm into a pseudopodium is associated with a reduction in total F-actin, as judged by phalloidin staining, the shedding of α-actinin, and the accumulation of ezrin. (rupress.org)
Audio1
  • PseudoPod buys nonexclusive audio rights, and nonexclusive electronic rights to distribute the audio file under a Creative Commons license. (horrortree.com)
Move1
  • As they move over the treated areas, they take up the caffeine through their pseudopod (foot) and it gives them heart attacks in 72 hours. (garden.org)
Fiction4
  • Pseudopod is always looking for quality fiction to feed our listeners. (horrortree.com)
  • Original fiction sales to Pseudopod count towards Affiliate or Active membership in HWA . (horrortree.com)
  • Pseudopod intends to qualify as a SFWA Short Fiction market retroactively from January 1, 2016. (horrortree.com)
  • Her short fiction has appeared in FIYAH , Apex Magazine , Nightmare , and Pseudopod . (starshipsofa.com)
CDC - DPDx - Intestinal (Non-Pathogenic) Amebae
CDC - DPDx - Intestinal (Non-Pathogenic) Amebae (cdc.gov)
Topographic Changes in SARS Coronavirus-infected Cells during Late Stages of Infection - Volume 10, Number 11-November 2004 -...
Topographic Changes in SARS Coronavirus-infected Cells during Late Stages of Infection - Volume 10, Number 11-November 2004 -... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
CDC - DPDx - Dientamoeba fragilis Infection
CDC - DPDx - Dientamoeba fragilis Infection (cdc.gov)
CDC - DPDx - Free Living Amebic Infections
CDC - DPDx - Free Living Amebic Infections (cdc.gov)
Figure 2 - Topographic Changes in SARS Coronavirus-infected Cells during Late Stages of Infection - Volume 10, Number 11...
Figure 2 - Topographic Changes in SARS Coronavirus-infected Cells during Late Stages of Infection - Volume 10, Number 11... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Endolimax nana cyst and trophozoite - Yahoo Search Results
Endolimax nana cyst and trophozoite - Yahoo Search Results (search.yahoo.com)
Chaos (genus) - Wikipedia
Chaos (genus) - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Figure 3 - Topographic Changes in SARS Coronavirus-infected Cells during Late Stages of Infection - Volume 10, Number 11...
Figure 3 - Topographic Changes in SARS Coronavirus-infected Cells during Late Stages of Infection - Volume 10, Number 11... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Figure 1 - Topographic Changes in SARS Coronavirus-infected Cells during Late Stages of Infection - Volume 10, Number 11...
Figure 1 - Topographic Changes in SARS Coronavirus-infected Cells during Late Stages of Infection - Volume 10, Number 11... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Case #440 - March, 2017
Case #440 - March, 2017 (cdc.gov)
Figure 7 - Topographic Changes in SARS Coronavirus-infected Cells during Late Stages of Infection - Volume 10, Number 11...
Figure 7 - Topographic Changes in SARS Coronavirus-infected Cells during Late Stages of Infection - Volume 10, Number 11... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
CDC - DPDx - Entamoeba gingivalis
CDC - DPDx - Entamoeba gingivalis (cdc.gov)
Alioth Powers, Enemies, History | Marvel
Alioth Powers, Enemies, History | Marvel (marvel.com)
CDC - DPDx - Case #488 - March 2019
CDC - DPDx - Case #488 - March 2019 (cdc.gov)
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL) (phil.cdc.gov)
Case #158 - June, 2005
Case #158 - June, 2005 (cdc.gov)
Julia Sero - Research output - the University of Bath's research portal
Julia Sero - Research output - the University of Bath's research portal (researchportal.bath.ac.uk)
Share
Share (ajtmh.org)
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL) (phil.cdc.gov)
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL) (phil.cdc.gov)
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL) (phil.cdc.gov)
Microtubule-Actomyosin Mechanical Cooperation during Contact Guidance Sensing<...
Microtubule-Actomyosin Mechanical Cooperation during Contact Guidance Sensing<... (pennstate.pure.elsevier.com)
Neutrophilia: Overview, Causes, Development of Neutrophils
Neutrophilia: Overview, Causes, Development of Neutrophils (emedicine.medscape.com)
Scanning electron microscopy and freeze-etching of gonorrhoeal urethral exudate. | Sexually Transmitted Infections
Scanning electron microscopy and freeze-etching of gonorrhoeal urethral exudate. | Sexually Transmitted Infections (sti.bmj.com)
The COPI vesicle complex binds and moves with survival motor neuron within axons - Fingerprint - Mayo Clinic
The COPI vesicle complex binds and moves with survival motor neuron within axons - Fingerprint - Mayo Clinic (mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com)
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL) (phil.cdc.gov)
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL) (phil.cdc.gov)
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL) (phil.cdc.gov)
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL) (phil.cdc.gov)