Proteinuria. Medical search

The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.

A cluster of convoluted capillaries beginning at each nephric tubule in the kidney and held together by connective tissue.

A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction.

Highly differentiated epithelial cells of the visceral layer of BOWMAN CAPSULE of the KIDNEY. They are composed of a cell body with major CELL SURFACE EXTENSIONS and secondary fingerlike extensions called pedicels. They enwrap the KIDNEY GLOMERULUS capillaries with their cell surface extensions forming a filtration structure. The pedicels of neighboring podocytes interdigitate with each other leaving between them filtration slits that are bridged by an extracellular structure impermeable to large macromolecules called the slit diaphragm, and provide the last barrier to protein loss in the KIDNEY.

A clinicopathological syndrome or diagnostic term for a type of glomerular injury that has multiple causes, primary or secondary. Clinical features include PROTEINURIA, reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE, and EDEMA. Kidney biopsy initially indicates focal segmental glomerular consolidation (hyalinosis) or scarring which can progress to globally sclerotic glomeruli leading to eventual KIDNEY FAILURE.

Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation, cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA; PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.

A type of glomerulonephritis that is characterized by the accumulation of immune deposits (COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX) on the outer aspect of the GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE. It progresses from subepithelial dense deposits, to basement membrane reaction and eventual thickening of the basement membrane.

Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

A chronic form of glomerulonephritis characterized by deposits of predominantly IMMUNOGLOBULIN A in the mesangial area (GLOMERULAR MESANGIUM). Deposits of COMPLEMENT C3 and IMMUNOGLOBULIN G are also often found. Clinical features may progress from asymptomatic HEMATURIA to END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE.

Pathological processes of the KIDNEY without inflammatory or neoplastic components. Nephrosis may be a primary disorder or secondary complication of other diseases. It is characterized by the NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence of PROTEINURIA and HYPOALBUMINEMIA with accompanying EDEMA.

PUROMYCIN derivative that lacks the methoxyphenylalanyl group on the amine of the sugar ring. It is an antibiotic with antineoplastic properties and can cause nephrosis.

The volume of water filtered out of plasma through glomerular capillary walls into Bowman's capsules per unit of time. It is considered to be equivalent to INULIN clearance.

KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.

Examination of urine by chemical, physical, or microscopic means. Routine urinalysis usually includes performing chemical screening tests, determining specific gravity, observing any unusual color or odor, screening for bacteriuria, and examining the sediment microscopically.

The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.

Inflammation of any part of the KIDNEY.

Presence of blood in the urine.

Glomerulonephritis associated with autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Lupus nephritis is histologically classified into 6 classes: class I - normal glomeruli, class II - pure mesangial alterations, class III - focal segmental glomerulonephritis, class IV - diffuse glomerulonephritis, class V - diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis, and class VI - advanced sclerosing glomerulonephritis (The World Health Organization classification 1982).

Chronic glomerulonephritis characterized histologically by proliferation of MESANGIAL CELLS, increase in the MESANGIAL EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX, and a thickening of the glomerular capillary walls. This may appear as a primary disorder or secondary to other diseases including infections and autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Various subtypes are classified by their abnormal ultrastructures and immune deposits. Hypocomplementemia is a characteristic feature of all types of MPGN.

The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.

Laboratory tests used to evaluate how well the kidneys are working through examination of blood and urine.

A kidney disease with no or minimal histological glomerular changes on light microscopy and with no immune deposits. It is characterized by lipid accumulation in the epithelial cells of KIDNEY TUBULES and in the URINE. Patients usually show NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence of PROTEINURIA with accompanying EDEMA.

A class of drugs whose main indications are the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. They exert their hemodynamic effect mainly by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. They also modulate sympathetic nervous system activity and increase prostaglandin synthesis. They cause mainly vasodilation and mild natriuresis without affecting heart rate and contractility.

Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction.

Long convoluted tubules in the nephrons. They collect filtrate from blood passing through the KIDNEY GLOMERULUS and process this filtrate into URINE. Each renal tubule consists of a BOWMAN CAPSULE; PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE; LOOP OF HENLE; DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULE; and KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCT leading to the central cavity of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS) that connects to the URETER.

The layer of EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX that lies between the ENDOTHELIUM of the glomerular capillaries and the PODOCYTES of the inner or visceral layer of the BOWMAN CAPSULE. It is the product of these two cell types. It acts as a physical barrier and an ion-selective filter.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.

Excision of kidney.

Renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients characterized by nephrotic syndrome, severe proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys, and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. The syndrome is distinct from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of kidney disease seen in HIV-infected patients.

Persistent high BLOOD PRESSURE due to KIDNEY DISEASES, such as those involving the renal parenchyma, the renal vasculature, or tumors that secrete RENIN.

The transference of a kidney from one human or animal to another.

A complication of PREGNANCY, characterized by a complex of symptoms including maternal HYPERTENSION and PROTEINURIA with or without pathological EDEMA. Symptoms may range between mild and severe. Pre-eclampsia usually occurs after the 20th week of gestation, but may develop before this time in the presence of trophoblastic disease.

Agents that suppress immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-CELLS or by inhibiting the activation of HELPER CELLS. While immunosuppression has been brought about in the past primarily to prevent rejection of transplanted organs, new applications involving mediation of the effects of INTERLEUKINS and other CYTOKINES are emerging.

One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.

Agents that antagonize ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR. Included are ANGIOTENSIN II analogs such as SARALASIN and biphenylimidazoles such as LOSARTAN. Some are used as ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS.

Removal and pathologic examination of specimens in the form of small pieces of tissue from the living body.

A specialized barrier in the kidney, consisting of the fenestrated CAPILLARY ENDOTHELIUM; GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE; and glomerular epithelium (PODOCYTES). The barrier prevents the filtration of PLASMA PROTEINS.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.

Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002)

Narrow pieces of material impregnated or covered with a substance used to produce a chemical reaction. The strips are used in detecting, measuring, producing, etc., other substances. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.

A hereditary or acquired form of generalized dysfunction of the PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE without primary involvement of the KIDNEY GLOMERULUS. It is usually characterized by the tubular wasting of nutrients and salts (GLUCOSE; AMINO ACIDS; PHOSPHATES; and BICARBONATES) resulting in HYPOKALEMIA; ACIDOSIS; HYPERCALCIURIA; and PROTEINURIA.

Group of diseases mediated by the deposition of large soluble complexes of antigen and antibody with resultant damage to tissue. Besides SERUM SICKNESS and the ARTHUS REACTION, evidence supports a pathogenic role for immune complexes in many other IMMUNE SYSTEM DISEASES including GLOMERULONEPHRITIS, systemic lupus erythematosus (LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, SYSTEMIC) and POLYARTERITIS NODOSA.

A darkly stained mat-like EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX (ECM) that separates cell layers, such as EPITHELIUM from ENDOTHELIUM or a layer of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. The ECM layer that supports an overlying EPITHELIUM or ENDOTHELIUM is called basal lamina. Basement membrane (BM) can be formed by the fusion of either two adjacent basal laminae or a basal lamina with an adjacent reticular lamina of connective tissue. BM, composed mainly of TYPE IV COLLAGEN; glycoprotein LAMININ; and PROTEOGLYCAN, provides barriers as well as channels between interacting cell layers.

Drugs used in the treatment of acute or chronic vascular HYPERTENSION regardless of pharmacological mechanism. Among the antihypertensive agents are DIURETICS; (especially DIURETICS, THIAZIDE); ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-ANTAGONISTS; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS; GANGLIONIC BLOCKERS; and VASODILATOR AGENTS.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

A condition in which albumin level in blood (SERUM ALBUMIN) is below the normal range. Hypoalbuminemia may be due to decreased hepatic albumin synthesis, increased albumin catabolism, altered albumin distribution, or albumin loss through the urine (ALBUMINURIA).

Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

An LDL-RECEPTOR RELATED PROTEIN found in the neuroepithelium and in proximal tubular cells of the kidney. It is considered a multiligand receptor in that it binds to a variety of ligands with relatively high affinity and may function in mediating the uptake and lysosomal degradation of macromolecules such as: LIPOPROTEINS; ENDOPEPTIDASES; and PROTEASE INHIBITORS.

An antibiotic substance derived from Penicillium stoloniferum, and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase. Mycophenolic acid is important because of its selective effects on the immune system. It prevents the proliferation of T-cells, lymphocytes, and the formation of antibodies from B-cells. It also may inhibit recruitment of leukocytes to inflammatory sites. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1301)

A major protein in the BLOOD. It is important in maintaining the colloidal osmotic pressure and transporting large organic molecules.

A systemic non-thrombocytopenic purpura caused by HYPERSENSITIVITY VASCULITIS and deposition of IGA-containing IMMUNE COMPLEXES within the blood vessels throughout the body, including those in the kidney (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS). Clinical symptoms include URTICARIA; ERYTHEMA; ARTHRITIS; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; and renal involvement. Most cases are seen in children after acute upper respiratory infections.

A BLOOD PRESSURE regulating system of interacting components that include RENIN; ANGIOTENSINOGEN; ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME; ANGIOTENSIN I; ANGIOTENSIN II; and angiotensinase. Renin, an enzyme produced in the kidney, acts on angiotensinogen, an alpha-2 globulin produced by the liver, forming ANGIOTENSIN I. Angiotensin-converting enzyme, contained in the lung, acts on angiotensin I in the plasma converting it to ANGIOTENSIN II, an extremely powerful vasoconstrictor. Angiotensin II causes contraction of the arteriolar and renal VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE, leading to retention of salt and water in the KIDNEY and increased arterial blood pressure. In addition, angiotensin II stimulates the release of ALDOSTERONE from the ADRENAL CORTEX, which in turn also increases salt and water retention in the kidney. Angiotensin-converting enzyme also breaks down BRADYKININ, a powerful vasodilator and component of the KALLIKREIN-KININ SYSTEM.

An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

An abnormal protein with unusual thermosolubility characteristics that is found in the urine of patients with MULTIPLE MYELOMA.

An autoimmune disease of the KIDNEY and the LUNG. It is characterized by the presence of circulating autoantibodies targeting the epitopes in the non-collagenous domains of COLLAGEN TYPE IV in the basement membranes of kidney glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) and lung alveoli (PULMONARY ALVEOLI), and the subsequent destruction of these basement membranes. Clinical features include pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis.

Autoantibodies directed against various nuclear antigens including DNA, RNA, histones, acidic nuclear proteins, or complexes of these molecular elements. Antinuclear antibodies are found in systemic autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, scleroderma, polymyositis, and mixed connective tissue disease.

Hardening of the KIDNEY due to infiltration by fibrous connective tissue (FIBROSIS), usually caused by renovascular diseases or chronic HYPERTENSION. Nephrosclerosis leads to renal ISCHEMIA.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.

Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect.

Immune complex disease caused by the administration of foreign serum or serum proteins and characterized by fever, lymphadenopathy, arthralgia, and urticaria. When they are complexed to protein carriers, some drugs can also cause serum sickness when they act as haptens inducing antibody responses.

A glycoprotein that is central in both the classical and the alternative pathway of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION. C3 can be cleaved into COMPLEMENT C3A and COMPLEMENT C3B, spontaneously at low level or by C3 CONVERTASE at high level. The smaller fragment C3a is an ANAPHYLATOXIN and mediator of local inflammatory process. The larger fragment C3b binds with C3 convertase to form C5 convertase.

The thin membranous structure supporting the adjoining glomerular capillaries. It is composed of GLOMERULAR MESANGIAL CELLS and their EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX.

A product of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION cascade, regardless of the pathways, that forms transmembrane channels causing disruption of the target CELL MEMBRANE and cell lysis. It is formed by the sequential assembly of terminal complement components (COMPLEMENT C5B; COMPLEMENT C6; COMPLEMENT C7; COMPLEMENT C8; and COMPLEMENT C9) into the target membrane. The resultant C5b-8-poly-C9 is the "membrane attack complex" or MAC.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

A group of sporadic, familial and/or inherited, degenerative, and infectious disease processes, linked by the common theme of abnormal protein folding and deposition of AMYLOID. As the amyloid deposits enlarge they displace normal tissue structures, causing disruption of function. Various signs and symptoms depend on the location and size of the deposits.

A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.

The renal tubule portion that extends from the BOWMAN CAPSULE in the KIDNEY CORTEX into the KIDNEY MEDULLA. The proximal tubule consists of a convoluted proximal segment in the cortex, and a distal straight segment descending into the medulla where it forms the U-shaped LOOP OF HENLE.

Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.

A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

A subspecialty of internal medicine concerned with the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the kidney.

A condition in pregnant women with elevated systolic (>140 mm Hg) and diastolic (>90 mm Hg) blood pressure on at least two occasions 6 h apart. HYPERTENSION complicates 8-10% of all pregnancies, generally after 20 weeks of gestation. Gestational hypertension can be divided into several broad categories according to the complexity and associated symptoms, such as EDEMA; PROTEINURIA; SEIZURES; abnormalities in BLOOD COAGULATION and liver functions.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

A long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is a prodrug that is transformed in the liver to its active metabolite ramiprilat.

Laboratory rats that have been produced from a genetically manipulated rat EGG or rat EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN. They contain genes from another species.

Serum proteins that have the most rapid migration during ELECTROPHORESIS. This subgroup of globulins is divided into faster and slower alpha(1)- and alpha(2)-globulins.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

A group of inherited conditions characterized initially by HEMATURIA and slowly progressing to RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. The most common form is the Alport syndrome (hereditary nephritis with HEARING LOSS) which is caused by mutations in genes for TYPE IV COLLAGEN and defective GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

Procedure whereby plasma is separated and extracted from anticoagulated whole blood and the red cells retransfused to the donor. Plasmapheresis is also employed for therapeutic use.

A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).

Angiotensin-converting enzyme is upregulated in the proximal tubules of rats with intense proteinuria. (1/3373)

Persistent proteinuria is considered a deleterious prognostic factor in most progressive renal diseases. However, the mechanisms by which proteinuria induces renal damage remain undetermined. Since proximal tubular cells possess all the machinery to generate angiotensin II (Ang II), we approached the hypothesis that proteinuria could elicit the renal activation of the renin-angiotensin system in a model of intense proteinuria and interstitial nephritis induced by protein overload. After uninephrectomy (UNX), Wistar-Kyoto rats received daily injections of 1 g BSA or saline for 8 days. The mean peak of proteinuria was observed at the fourth day (538+/-89 versus 3+/-1 mg/24 h in UNX controls; n=12; P<0.05) and was increased during the whole study period (at the eighth day: 438+/-49 mg/24 h; n=12; P=NS). Morphological examination of the kidneys at the end of the study showed marked tubular lesions (atrophy, vacuolization, dilation, and casts), interstitial infiltration of mononuclear cells, and mesangial expansion. In relation to UNX control rats, renal cortex of BSA-overloaded rats showed an increment in the gene expression of angiotensinogen (2.4-fold) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) (2.1-fold), as well as a diminution in renin gene expression. No changes were observed in angiotensin type 1 (AT1) receptor mRNA expression in both groups of rats. By in situ reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, ACE expression (gene and protein) was mainly localized in proximal and distal tubules and in the glomeruli. By immunohistochemistry, angiotensinogen was localized only in proximal tubules, and AT1 receptor was localized mainly in proximal and distal tubules. In the tubular brush border, an increase in ACE activity was also seen (5. 5+/-0.5 versus 3.1+/-0.7 U/mg protein x10(-4) in UNX control; n=7; P<0.05). Our results show that in the kidney of rats with intense proteinuria, ACE and angiotensinogen were upregulated, while gene expression of renin was inhibited and AT1 was unmodified. On the whole, these data suggest an increase in Ang II intrarenal generation. Since Ang II can elicit renal cell growth and matrix production through the activation of AT1 receptor, this peptide may be responsible for the tubulointerstitial lesions occurring in this model. These results suggest a novel mechanism by which proteinuria may participate in the progression of renal diseases. (+info)

Up-regulation of glomerular extracellular matrix and transforming growth factor-beta expression in RF/J mice. (2/3373)

BACKGROUND: RF/J mice were first reported as a murine model of spontaneous glomerulosclerosis by Gude and Lupton in 1960, but the precise histologic characteristics and immunopathological background of this mouse have not been investigated further. METHODS: Measurements of serum levels of immunoglobulins, anti-single strand DNA (anti-ss-DNA) antibody, complement (C3), and circulating immune complex (IC) were performed. Analyses of glomerular histological and immunopathological lesions in association with the detection of mRNA expression of collagen IV, TGF-beta, matrix protein turnover related enzymes, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) were also performed in young (10-week-old) and elderly (60-week-old) RF/J mice with age-matched BALB/C mice as the controls. RESULTS: High levels of serum IgA and IgG from as early as 20 weeks of age were noted in the RF/J mice. Serum anti-ss-DNA antibody of aged RF/J mice increased up to 23% of that of aged MRL-lpr/lpr mice, and serum C3 concentration significantly decreased with age, reaching lower levels than that of BALB/c mice. IgA-IC levels were significantly high compared to BALB/C mice both in the early and late stages of life, whereas IgG-IC levels were high only in mice younger than 20 weeks. Semiquantitative and quantitative analyzes of renal histopathological findings revealed significantly marked and age-related mesangial matrix expansion in RF/J mice, with increasing frequency of global glomerular sclerosis and tubulointerstitial damage. On the other hand, although precise measurements of glomerular cell numbers also showed an apparent augmentation in both young and old RF/J mice compared to BALB/C mice, glomerular cellularity decreased with age in RF/J mice. Immunohistochemical study revealed massive immunoglobulin deposition from a young age in association with significantly higher accumulation of matrix proteins, such as types I and IV collagen and laminin from the early stage of life. In addition, in these glomeruli, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) was highly expressed both in young and old mice. The mRNA expression of MMP-2 was up-regulated only in the early stage of life. Although PDGF mRNA of RF/J mice was significantly up-regulated in the early stage of life, the differences between the mice disappeared in the late stage of life. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that in RF/J mice, an immunopathological background inducing high serum immunoglobulin and IC levels from the early stage of life is closely related to mesangioproliferative glomerular lesions mediated by PDGF, and that development of massive extracellular matrix accumulation in glomeruli was induced by up-regulated expression of TGF-beta with inappropriate regulation of protein turnover-related enzyme production. (+info)

Blocking angiotensin II ameliorates proteinuria and glomerular lesions in progressive mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis. (3/3373)

BACKGROUND: The renin-angiotensin system is thought to be involved in the progression of glomerulonephritis (GN) into end-stage renal failure (ESRF) because of the observed renoprotective effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs). However, ACEIs have pharmacological effects other than ACE inhibition that may help lower blood pressure and preserve glomerular structure. We previously reported a new animal model of progressive glomerulosclerosis induced by a single intravenous injection of an anti-Thy-1 monoclonal antibody, MoAb 1-22-3, in uninephrectomized rats. Using this new model of progressive GN, we examined the hypothesis that ACEIs prevent the progression to ESRF by modulating the effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) on the production of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and extracellular matrix components. METHODS: We studied the effect of an ACEI (cilazapril) and an Ang II type 1 receptor antagonist (candesartan) on the clinical features and morphological lesions in the rat model previously reported. After 10 weeks of treatment with equihypotensive doses of cilazapril, cilazapril plus Hoe 140 (a bradykinin receptor B2 antagonist), candesartan, and hydralazine, we examined systolic blood pressure, urinary protein excretion, creatinine clearance, the glomerulosclerosis index, and the tubulointerstitial lesion index. We performed a semiquantitative evaluation of glomerular immunostaining for TGF-beta and collagen types I and III by immunofluorescence study and of these cortical mRNA levels by Northern blot analysis. RESULTS: Untreated rats developed massive proteinuria, renal dysfunction, and severe glomerular and tubulointerstitial injury, whereas uninephrectomized control rats did not. There was a significant increase in the levels of glomerular protein and cortical mRNA for TGF-beta and collagen types I and III in untreated rats. Cilazapril and candesartan prevented massive proteinuria, increased creatinine clearance, and ameliorated glomerular and tubulointerstitial injury. These drugs also reduced levels of glomerular protein and cortical mRNA for TGF-beta and collagen types I and III. Hoe 140 failed to blunt the renoprotective effect of cilazapril. Hydralazine did not exhibit a renoprotective effect. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that ACEIs prevent the progression to ESRF by modulating the effects of Ang II via Ang II type 1 receptor on the production of TGF-beta and collagen types I and III, as well as on intrarenal hemodynamics, but not by either increasing bradykinin activity or reducing blood pressure in this rat model of mesangial proliferative GN. (+info)

Proteinuria induces tubular cell turnover: A potential mechanism for tubular atrophy. (4/3373)

BACKGROUND: Proteinuria and tubular atrophy have both been closely linked with progressive renal failure. We hypothesized that apoptosis may be induced by tubular cell exposure to heavy proteinuria, potentially leading to tubular atrophy. Apoptosis was studied in a rat model of "pure" proteinuria, which does not induce renal impairment, namely protein-overload proteinuria. METHODS: Adult female Lewis rats underwent intraperitoneal injection of 2 g of bovine serum albumin (BSA, N = 16) or sham saline injections (controls, N = 8) daily for seven days. Apoptosis was assessed at day 7 in tissue sections using in situ end labeling (ISEL) and electron microscopy. ISEL-positive nuclei (apoptotic particles) were counted in blinded fashion using image analysis with NIH Image. Cell proliferation was assessed by detection of mRNA for histone by in situ hybridization, followed by counting of positive cells using NIH Image. RESULTS: Animals injected with saline showed very low levels of apoptosis on image analysis. BSA-injected rats had heavy proteinuria and showed both cortical and medullary apoptosis on ISEL. This was predominantly seen in the tubules and, to a lesser extent, in the interstitial compartment. Overall, the animals injected with BSA showed a significant 30-fold increase in the number of cortical apoptotic particles. Electron microscopy of tubular cells in a BSA-injected animal showed a progression of ultrastructural changes consistent with tubular cell apoptosis. The BSA-injected animals also displayed a significant increase in proximal tubular cell proliferation. This increased proliferation was less marked than the degree of apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Protein-overload proteinuria in rats induces tubular cell apoptosis. This effect is only partially balanced by proliferation and potentially provides a direct mechanism whereby heavy proteinuria can induce tubular atrophy and progressive renal failure. (+info)

Mycophenolate mofetil prevents the progressive renal failure induced by 5/6 renal ablation in rats. (5/3373)

BACKGROUND: Extensive renal ablation is associated with progressive sclerosis of the remnant kidney. Because lymphocytes and monocytes accumulate in the remnant kidney, it is likely that they play a role in the renal scarring. Therefore, we treated rats with 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx) with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), a drug that has an antiproliferative effect and that suppresses the expression of intercellular adhesion molecules. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats with 5/6Nx received MMF (30 mg. kg-1. day-1 by daily gastric gavage, N = 15) or vehicle (N = 16). Ten additional rats were sham operated. All rats were fed a 30% protein diet. Body weight, serum creatinine, and urinary protein excretion were determined weekly. Lipid peroxidation, as a measure of oxidative stress observed by urinary malondialdehyde determinations, was performed every two weeks. Histologic studies were done in the remnant kidney four weeks (9 rats from the vehicle-treated group, 7 rats from the MMF group, and 5 sham-operated rats) and eight weeks after surgery (the remaining rats). Glomerular volume, sclerosis in glomeruli (segmental and global) and interstitium (semiquantitative scale), infiltrating lymphocytes and macrophages (CD43- and ED1-positive cells), and expression of adhesion molecules (CD54, CD18, and CD11b) were analyzed. RESULTS: MMF treatment prevented the progressive increment in serum creatinine and the proteinuria observed in the 5/6 nephrectomized rats during the eight weeks of observation (P < 0.01). Weight gain was comparable in the MMF-treated and sham-operated rats, whereas weight gain was decreased in untreated 5/6 nephrectomized rats. Excretion of malondialdehyde increased after surgery but returned sooner to control levels in the MMF-treated rats. Increments in glomerular size and mean arterial blood pressure induced by renal ablation were not modified by MMF treatment. Eight weeks after surgery, segmental sclerosis was present in 48.4 +/- 8.35% (+/- sd) glomeruli in the vehicle-treated group versus 25 +/- 10.5% in the MMF-treated group (P < 0.001). Interstitial fibrosis was reduced significantly with MMF treatment (P < 0.001). Infiltration with CD43- and ED1-positive cells in glomeruli and interstitium was two to five times lower in MMF-treated rats (P < 0.01). Expression of adhesion molecules CD18 and CD11b was similarly reduced. CONCLUSION: MMF ameliorates the progressive renal damage in the remnant kidney after 5/6Nx. This effect is associated with a reduction in the infiltration of lymphocytes and monocytes, whereas glomerular hypertrophy and systemic hypertension are unchanged. (+info)

HIV-associated nephropathy is a late, not early, manifestation of HIV-1 infection. (6/3373)

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) can be the initial presentation of HIV-1 infection. As a result, many have assumed that HIVAN can occur at any point in the infection. This issue has important implications for appropriate therapy and, perhaps, for pathogenesis. Since the development of new case definitions for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and better tools to assess infection, the relationship of HIVAN to the time of AIDS infection has not been addressed. In this study, we reassessed the stage of infection at the time of HIVAN diagnosis in 10 patients, and we reviewed all previously published cases applying the new case definitions to assess stage of infection. METHODS: HIVAN was confirmed by kidney biopsy in HIV seropositive patients with azotemia and/or proteinuria. CD4+ cell count and plasma HIV-1 RNA copy number were measured. We also reviewed all published cases of HIVAN to determine if AIDS-defining conditions, by current Centers for Disease Control definitions, were present in patients with biopsy-proven HIVAN. RESULTS: Twenty HIV-1 seropositive patients with proteinuria and an elevated creatinine concentration were biopsied. HIVAN was the single most common cause of renal disease. CD4+ cell count was below 200/mm3 in all patients with HIVAN, fulfilling Centers for Disease Control criteria for an AIDS-defining condition. HIV-1 plasma RNA was detectable in all patients with HIVAN. In reviewing previous reports, an AIDS-defining condition was present in virtually all patients with HIVAN. CONCLUSION: HIVAN develops late, not early, in the course of HIV-1 infection following the development of AIDS. This likely accounts for the poor prognosis noted in previous publications and has implications for pathogenesis. In addition, given the detectable viral RNA levels, highly active antiretroviral therapy is indicated in HIVAN. Highly active antiretroviral therapy may improve survival as well as alter the natural history of HIVAN. (+info)

Long-term effects of cyclosporine A in Alport's syndrome. (7/3373)

BACKGROUND: In 1991, our initial results of cyclosporine A (CsA) administration in eight patients with Alport's syndrome were published. A significant decrease in or disappearance of proteinuria and apparently good tolerance to CsA were observed in all patients. METHODS: CsA administration has been maintained in these eight patients with the aim of obtaining further information about the clinical course of the disease. The ages of these eight patients currently range from 15 to 27 years, and the mean duration of treatment is from 7 to 10 years (x = 8.4 years). RESULTS: Renal function has remained stable, with no evaluable changes in serum creatinine levels compared with pre-CsA treatment values. Proteinuria in all patients has either remained negative or are values far lower than pretreatment levels. A second renal biopsy was performed in all patients after five years of CsA administration. No aggravation of the lesion present at the first biopsy or lesions typical of cyclosporine intoxication was observed. CONCLUSIONS: After a mean duration of 8.4 years and with no deterioration in renal function, we found possible beneficial effects of the continued treatment of CsA in patients with Alport's syndrome who present evidence of progression to renal insufficiency. (+info)

Circulating vascular endothelial growth factor is not increased during relapses of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. (8/3373)

BACKGROUND: An uncharacterized circulating factor that increases vascular permeability has previously been described in childhood steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS). The aim of this study was to determine whether this factor is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the recently described endothelial cell mitogen and enhancer of vascular permeability. METHODS: Plasma and urine VEGF levels were measured in children with SSNS in both relapse and remission and in normal age- and sex-matched controls. Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction studies investigating VEGF mRNA expression were performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from children with SSNS in relapse and controls. In two experimental models (one-hour and three-day follow-up postinfusion), Sprague-Dawley rats were intravenously administered 50 microg rVEGF to determine whether this induced either proteinuria or glomerular histologic change. RESULTS: Plasma VEGF levels and urine VEGF/creatinine ratios were not elevated in SSNS relapse compared with remission and control samples. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell VEGF mRNA expression was no different in SSNS patients compared with controls. The administration of VEGF to rats induced an acute reversible fall in systemic blood pressure but did not result in the development of either proteinuria or glomerular histologic change. CONCLUSION: Increased circulating VEGF levels are not responsible for the proteinuria observed during relapses of SSNS. Further studies are warranted to investigate intrarenal VEGF expression. (+info)

The most common cause of proteinuria is diabetes, and in any person with proteinuria and diabetes, the cause of the underlying ... proteinuria should be separated into two categories: diabetic proteinuria versus the field. With severe proteinuria, general ... Severe proteinuria can cause nephrotic syndrome in which there is worsening swelling of the body. Proteinuria often causes no ... overflow proteinuria) Due to low reabsorption at proximal tubule (Fanconi syndrome) Proteinuria can also be caused by certain ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteinuria

... is proteinuria (excessive protein in the urine) caused by renal tubular dysfunction. Proteins of low ... Tubular proteinuria is a laboratory sign, not a disease; as a sign it appears in various syndromes and diseases, such as ... Low-molecular-weight proteins' appearing in larger quantities than this is tubular proteinuria, which points to failure of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubular_proteinuria

Proteinuria. September 9, 1940, 7 am: Tired and exhausted. Weakness of all four extremeties. Low morale. Body temperature 37 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_731

"Proteinuria". www.niddk.nih.gov. Retrieved 2015-06-14. Thomas, Donald E. Jr (2014-05-22). The Lupus Encyclopedia: A ... This condition is called proteinuria. Loss of necessary protein due to nephritis can result in several life-threatening ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephritis

... proteinuria; and strontium. Rollo published Observations on the Diseases in the Army on St. Lucia, in 1781; and in 1785 Remarks ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Rollo

"Proteinuria". UK Renal Association. December 15, 2005. Archived from the original on August 14, 2007. clinlabnavigator.com > ... 2000). "The non-insulin-dependent diabetes, hypertension, microalbuminuria or proteinuria, cardiovascular events, and ramipril ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microalbuminuria

Hebert LA, Charleston J, Miller E (2009). "Proteinuria". Archived from the original on 2011-05-05. Retrieved 2011-03-24. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_failure

... proteinuria, and/or wheezing; or very rarely, symptoms of overt anaphylaxis such as hives, angioedema (i.e. skin swelling in ... and proteinuria. The individuals exhibit greatly increased numbers off circulating NK cells, increased levels of T helper cells ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosquito_bite_allergy

... and proteinuria. Taking oral cetirizine regularly has been known to help those who suffer from skeeter syndrome.[citation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeeter_syndrome

... and proteinuria. Affected individuals have increased blood levels of immunoglobulin E (which plays an essential role in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epstein–Barr_virus–associated_lymphoproliferative_diseases

Towards the end of his life Addis began to study laboratory rats as a model of proteinuria, and was among the first people to ... Addis T. (1932). "Proteinuria and cylinduria". Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. 2: 38-52. Schmitt, Ronald et ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Addis

Orthostatic proteinuria (synonyms: orthostatic albuminuria, postural proteinuria) is a benign condition. A change in renal ... Ganong's review of medical physiology, 24th Edition "Orthostatic Proteinuria. What is Proteinuria? Causes, info". patient.info ... The exact cause for orthostatic proteinuria is not known. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthostatic_albuminuria

Laboratory abnormalities include normal or mild decreases in serum C3, C4, and CH50 levels, and mild proteinuria. In contrast ... and mild proteinuria. Case reports have noted the absence of fever in serum sickness-like reactions to amoxicillin. ... proteinuria, and significant decreases in serum complement levels; it was originally described after patients were infused with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serum_sickness-like_reaction

Addis T (1932). "Proteinuria and cylinduria". Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. 2: 38-52. Bell ME (September ... Urinary proteins were first reported in rodents in 1932, during studies by Thomas Addis into the cause of proteinuria. They are ... Therefore, since 1827 physicians and scientists have been interested in proteinuria, the excess of protein in human urine, as ... To better understand the etiology of proteinuria, some scientists attempted to study the phenomenon in laboratory animals. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_urinary_proteins

Proteinuria, usually less than 2 grams per day, also may be present. Other renal causes of isolated hematuria include thin ... Proteinuria and hypertension are the most powerful prognostic factors in this group. There are certain other features on kidney ... Male sex, proteinuria (especially > 2 g/day), hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, older age, familial disease and elevated ... However, patients with isolated microscopic hematuria (i.e. without associated proteinuria and with normal kidney function) are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IgA_nephropathy

Diagnostic criteria are the same for pre-eclampsia as pregnancy-induced hypertension; however, it also confers proteinuria. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per-_and_polyfluoroalkyl_substances

... low molecular weight proteinuria; XD: X-linked dominant; XR: X-linked recessive; PTH: Parathyroid hormone "tubulopathy" at ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubulopathy

While most women with HELLP syndrome have high blood pressure and proteinuria, up to 20% of HELLP syndrome cases do not present ... This diagnosis can be made even if the patient does not have proteinuria. Women with preeclampsia with severe features are ... Key signs are increased blood pressure and protein in the urine (proteinuria). Other symptoms that seem to occur with ... and proteinuria. Preeclampsia is a leading cause of fetal complications, which include low birth weight, preterm birth, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertensive_disease_of_pregnancy

A proteinuria of greater than 3.5 g /24 h /1.73 m2 (between 3 and 3.5 g/24 h /1.73 m2 is considered to be proteinuria in the ... Proteinuria: the loss of proteins from the urine is caused by many pathological agents and infection by these agents has to be ... "Relación de la proteinuria con el nivel de hemoglobina glicosilada en los diabéticos". Archived from the original on 2008-09-14 ... The urine sample is tested for proteinuria (>3.5 g per 1.73 m2 per 24 hours). It is also examined for urinary casts, which are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrotic_syndrome

Proteinuria and hematuria are usually absent. Polyuria is resistant to vasopressin. When other organ systems are affected, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juvenile_nephronophthisis

Microscopic haematuria with or without proteinuria may be seen in Class II Lupus nephritis. Hypertension, nephrotic syndrome, ... Presentation can also include asymptomatic proteinuria. These presenting symptoms are relatively non-specific and are often ... Preceding infection was not as readily identified in patients presenting with either asymptomatic proteinuria or nephrotic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesangial_proliferative_glomerulonephritis

Also a urine dipstick test for proteinuria can give a rough estimate of albuminuria. This is because albumin is by far the ... It is a type of proteinuria. Albumin is a major plasma protein (normally circulating in the blood); in healthy people, only ... For a number of reasons, clinical terminology is changing to focus on albuminuria more than proteinuria. It is usually ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albuminuria

"Melanocortin 1 receptor agonists reduce proteinuria". Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 21 (8): 1290-8. doi: ... it was found that treatment with a different agonist of MC1R improved aspects of kidney morphology and reduced proteinuria, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanocortin_1_receptor

Urinalysis typically demonstrates hematuria and proteinuria. Levels of the complement protein C3 are low, while levels of C- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunt_nephritis

In kidney disease and nephrotic syndrome, albumin infusions as replacement for albumin loss to proteinuria is used in some ... Cil, Onur; Perwad, Farzana (2018). "Monogenic Causes of Proteinuria in Children". Frontiers in Medicine. 5: 55. doi:10.3389/ ... a CMP may be ordered as a follow-up test when proteinuria is detected by urine dipstick analysis, which may lead to a diagnosis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoalbuminemia

Sarafidis PA, Khosla N, Bakris GL (January 2007). "Antihypertensive therapy in the presence of proteinuria". American Journal ... as reducing glomerular filtration rate associated with a rise of serum creatinine in patients with pre-existing proteinuria, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin_II_receptor_blocker

Proteinuria, leucocytosis and elevated uric acid concentrations > 7.8 mg. Decreased serum haptoglobin and haemoglobin levels. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HELLP_syndrome

MAD1L1 Proteinuria, low molecular weight, with hypercalciuric nephrocalcinosis; 308990; CLCN5 Protoporphyria, erythropoietic, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_OMIM_disorder_codes

... proteinuria, hematuria (blood in the urine), bladder injury; in animals: teratogenic effects. The short-term NOAEL of 9.6 - 10 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diphenylamine

Proteinuria is a feature as kidney disease progresses. The disorder was first identified in a British family by the physician ... The development of proteinuria has been recommended as an indication for commencing treatment. Once kidney failure has ... but there is substantial proteinuria. However, in some patients, hearing loss is only noted after kidney function has been lost ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alport_syndrome

Proteinuria involving non-albumin proteins as well as albumin is seen more in tubular or overflow proteinuria. Iodinated ... If significant proteinuria is found or the clinical situation is suspicious for significant proteinuria, a 24-hour urine ... Techniques for calculating proteinuria, to determine prognosis in patients with glomerular proteinuria, include the following [ ... encoded search term (Proteinuria) and Proteinuria What to Read Next on Medscape ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/238158-93515/what-are-the-options-for-detection-of-proteinuria

Orthostatic proteinuria is diagnosed if the patient has no proteinuria in early morning samples but has low-grade proteinuria ... Isolated, post-renal, and post-transplant proteinuria also deserve mention. Isolated proteinuria is proteinuria without any ... Tubular proteinuria. Tubular proteinuria is a result of tubulointersitial disease affecting the proximal renal tubules and ... Overflow proteinuria. Overflow proteinuria is most commonly associated with increased production of abnormal low molecular ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/238158-overview

encoded search term (Proteinuria) and Proteinuria What to Read Next on Medscape ... Proteinuria Treatment & Management. Updated: Dec 14, 2021 * Author: Beje Thomas, MD; Chief Editor: Vecihi Batuman, MD, FASN ... The role of proteinuria in the progression of chronic renal failure. Am J Kidney Dis. 1996 Jun. 27(6):765-75. [QxMD MEDLINE ... The role of proteinuria in the progression of chronic renal failure. Am J Kidney Dis. 1996 Jun. 27(6):765-75. [QxMD MEDLINE ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/238158-treatment

... ... 2020)‎. Population-level data on antenatal screening for proteinuria; India, Mozambique, Nigeria, Pakistan. Bulletin of the ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/336841

Hantavirus Infection with Renal Failure and Proteinuria, Colorado, USA, 2019 Swati Chand1, Sangharsha Thapa1, Shelley Kon, ... Hantavirus Infection with Renal Failure and Proteinuria, Colorado, USA, 2019. ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/2/19-1349-f1

A 65-year-old man with hypertension for more than 30 years presents for evaluation of proteinuria. His hypertension has become ... A 65-Year-Old Man With Hypertension and Proteinuria - Medscape - Oct 12, 2015. ...

https://reference.medscape.com/viewarticle/852384_6

iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MWWZJ2W" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden",,/iframe ...

https://www.ascp.org/content/news/industry-news/2018/07/06/Presence-Of-Proteinuria-May-Portend-Poor-Surgical-Outcomes-Regardless-Of-Patients-eGFR-Researchers-Say-

In particular, the presence of proteinuria in patients with diabetes can be an important indication of unsuccessful disease ... This course will review the diagnosis and treatment of proteinuria and hematuria, including considerations for various ... Hematuria and especially proteinuria can be signs of serious disease or neoplasm, and therefore, a careful evaluation is ... Glomerular proteinuria is the most common type of persistent proteinuria, and albumin is the primary urinary protein present in ...

https://www.netce.com/coursecontent.php?courseid=2198&productid=9486&scrollTo=chap.14

Asymptomatic Proteinuria and Hematuria Syndrome - Learn about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis & treatment from the Merck ... Small amounts of protein excreted in the urine (proteinuria) or blood excreted in the urine (hematuria Blood in Urine Blood in ... Casts and proteinuria may be present because the person is recovering from a recent undiagnosed episode of kidney inflammation ... American Kidney Fund, Proteinuria: Information and infographics on protein in the urine, including the connection between this ...

https://www.merckmanuals.com/en-pr/home/kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorders/kidney-filtering-disorders/asymptomatic-proteinuria-and-hematuria-syndrome

Risk Factors for Proteinuria in a Large, Multiracial, Southeast Asian Population. Sylvia Paz B. Ramirez, William McClellan, ... Risk Factors for Proteinuria in a Large, Multiracial, Southeast Asian Population. Sylvia Paz B. Ramirez, William McClellan, ... Risk Factors for Proteinuria in a Large, Multiracial, Southeast Asian Population Message Subject (Your Name) has sent you a ... were independently associated with dipstick-positive proteinuria. The odds ratios (OR) for proteinuria increased progressively ...

https://jasn.asnjournals.org/content/13/7/1907.short

We prospectively investigated the evolution of proteinuria in 52 type I diabetics over 7.8 ± 0.3 (mean ± SE) yr and in 61 type ... Spectrum of Proteinuria in Type I and Type II Diabetes George Jerums, MD; George Jerums, MD ... George Jerums, Mark E Cooper, Ego Seeman, Robin M L Murray, John J McNeil; Spectrum of Proteinuria in Type I and Type II ... We prospectively investigated the evolution of proteinuria in 52 type I diabetics over 7.8 ± 0.3 (mean ± SE) yr and in 61 type ...

https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article-split/10/4/419/908/Spectrum-of-Proteinuria-in-Type-I-and-Type-II

METHODS: Proteinuria was assessed by dipstick and quantified by urine protein:creatinine ratio (UPCR) in samples from patients ... Patients with warnings signs or severe dengue were more likely to present with proteinuria detected by UPCR at the time of ... The sensitivity of this marker, however, was limited as only 16.1% of the patients with warning signs had proteinuria. ... This study aimed to investigate proteinuria occurring during dengue disease in children and assess if measurement of this ...

https://hal-pasteur.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-01739353

This lack of clarity has led to great uncertainty as to how proteinuria should be treated in the assessment and management of ... The relationship between proteinuria and coronary risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ... Background: Markers of kidney dysfunction such as proteinuria or albuminuria have been reported to be associated with coronary ... Conclusion: These data confirm a strong and continuous association between proteinuria and subsequent risk of coronary heart ...

https://dro.deakin.edu.au/articles/journal_contribution/The_relationship_between_proteinuria_and_coronary_risk_A_systematic_review_and_meta-analysis/20779066

Pathophysiology of Proteinuria: Albuminuria as a Target for Treatment - Heerspink, Hiddo J.L., Rabelink, Ton J., Zeeuw, Dick de ...

https://scite.ai/reports/pathophysiology-of-proteinuria-albuminuria-as-A39YjPL

... for preparing a medicament for the prevention and/or treatment of proteinuria, glomerulosclerosis or renal failure. ... Proteinuria optical density OS rats mmHg mg/24 h arbitrary units 1 170 35.41 51.4 2 180 79.3 49.7 3 170 42.3 35.9 4 170 37.8 ... Proteinuria optical density control mmHg mg/24 h arbitrary units 1 140 31.63 64.51 2 150 45.06 64.3 3 150 28.2 79.92 4 145 51.6 ... Proteinuria optical density Rostafuroxin mmHg mg/24 h arbitrary units 1 135 53.07 64.7 2 150 20.14 54.8 3 155 55.34 51.4 4 145 ...

https://patents.justia.com/patent/9868757

Proteinuria. Total urinary proteins greater than 1 g per day were seen in about 0.7 percent of patients receiving captopril. ... In most cases, proteinuria subsided or cleared within six months whether or not captopril was continued. Parameters of renal ... Renal : About one of 100 patients developed proteinuria (see WARNINGS). Each of the following has been reported in ... Captopril tablets delayed the progression to overt nephropathy (proteinuria , 500 mg/day) in both studies (risk reduction 67% ...

https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=af396e2c-198a-4082-a0a1-d4e673d32fec

All children were tested for orthostatic proteinuria, an exclusion criterion, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and proteinuria ... All children were tested for orthostatic proteinuria, an exclusion criterion, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and proteinuria ... Blood pressure load, proteinuria and renal function in pre-hypertensive children. LUBRANO, Riccardo;Elisabetta Travasso;Claudia ... 96.78 +/- 51.20 ml/min per 1.73 m(2); p , 0.006) and increased proteinuria (198.29 +/- 142.17 vs. 118.31 +/- 80.07 mg/m(2) per ...

https://iris.uniroma1.it/handle/11573/43665

https://www.staging.medscape.com/answers/238158-93505/how-does-the-prevalence-of-proteinuria-vary-by-sex-and-age

Grade 3 proteinuria occurred in 11% and 6% in DTC and HCC, respectively. In RCC, proteinuria occurred in 31% of patients ... Proteinuria. In DTC and HCC, proteinuria was reported in 34% and 26% of LENVIMA-treated patients, respectively. ... If urine dipstick proteinuria ≥2+ is detected, obtain a 24-hour urine protein. Withhold and resume at reduced dose upon ... The most common adverse reactions (≥10%) resulting in dose reductions were hypertension (13%), proteinuria (11%), decreased ...

https://www.merck.com/news/results-from-pivotal-phase-3-keynote-775-study-309-trial-of-keytruda-pembrolizumab-plus-lenvima-lenvatinib-in-advanced-endometrial-carcinoma-published-in-the-new-england-journal-of-med/

Persistent proteinuria is the signal indicator of a glomerular lesion. It also may play a central role in the progression of ... Further Evaluation of Proteinuria. The detection of persistent proteinuria (,1+ or protein-to-creatinine ratio of ,0.2) in an ... Proteinuria in Diabetes Mellitus. Proteinuria in children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus has special significance. Once ... Although orthostatic proteinuria does not generally persist beyond the third decade of life, testing for proteinuria on an ...

https://emedicine.staging.medscape.com/article/984289-overview

Bhat S, Visweswaran K. Significance and evaluation of proteinuria. Journal of the Association of Physicians of India. 1994 Aug ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/87422

Proteinuria. *Radiculopathy (Not Due to Disc Displacement). *Rash. *Reflux Esophagitis. *Restless Leg Syndrome ...

https://www.healthgrades.com/physician/dr-katharine-price-xdy8p

Isolated proteinuria is a risk factor for pre-eclampsia: a retrospective analysis of the maternal and neonatal outcomes in ... Isolated Proteinuria of Pregnancy: A Call for Action. Ranine Ghamrawi, Andrea G Kattah, Vesna D Garovic ... Isolated gestational proteinuria preceding the diagnosis of preeclampsia - an observational study. Takahiro Yamada, Mana Obata- ... Natural history of chronic proteinuria complicating pregnancy. R W Stettler, F G Cunningham American Journal of Obstetrics and ...

https://read.qxmd.com/read/31194110/isolated-proteinuria-of-pregnancy-a-call-for-action

You might assume there was residual bleach left in the toilet, but actually its your urine thats created the bubbles. (Photo: Pixabay)Foamy pee is n

https://kreationnext.com/blog/tag/proteinuria/

Proteinuria is not uncommonly encountered in the Ped ED. It may be due to a benign condition, or something more ominous. ... 2. Benign processes almost never produce proteinuria above 1+.. 3. If proteinuria is detected in the ED in an asymptomatic ... 1. Proteinuria on U/A may suggest underlying renal disease; however, it may be present for benign reasons as well:. ⇒ A very ... If isolated proteinuria persists for more than 1 year, it is then unlikely to spontaneously resolve, at which time a renal ...

https://pedemmorsels.com/proteinuria/

Ali gives some tips for physical symptoms of proteinuria and what to do if you see it in your child. ...

https://news.childrensmercy.org/good-day-kansas-proteinuria/

Proteinuria Symptom Checker: Possible causes include Preeclampsia. Check the full list of possible causes and conditions now! ... Proteinuria, Orthostatic Proteinuria Proteinuria is the most ominous finding in urinalysis suggestive of renal disease. [ ... Orthostatic Proteinuria. Orthostatic proteinuria (postural proteinuria) is defined as normal urinary protein excretion during ... 28% had nephrotic syndrome, 31% proteinuria ,3 g/L, 52% proteinuria between 1 and 3 g/L, and 18% proteinuria CONCLUSION: Our ...

https://www.symptoma.com/en/ddx/proteinuria

https://wwwnc-origin.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/2/19-1349-f1

Proteinuria was observed in a subset of both KD and FC subjects by CLINITEK analyzer. The method detects urine albumin at ... Proteinuria and leukocyte esterase were detected in the urines with relatively higher WBC counts in both KD and FC subjects. ... The low level proteinuria observed in the KD subjects is likely related to fever and physiologic concentration of urine, rather ... coronary artery aneurysm\r, flow cytometry\r, diagnostic test\r, proteinuria\r, urinalysis. ...

https://journals.lww.com/pidj/Fulltext/2009/05000/PYURIA_ASSOCIATED_WITH_ACUTE_KAWASAKI_DISEASE_AND.20.aspx

Glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria associations with coronary artery calcium among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected men ... Dive into the research topics of Glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria associations with coronary artery calcium among ... Glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria associations with coronary artery calcium among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected men ... keywords = "HIV, calcium score, coronary artery disease, kidney disease, proteinuria",. author = "Roy, {Sion K.} and Estrella ...

https://www.scholars.northwestern.edu/en/publications/glomerular-filtration-rate-and-proteinuria-associations-with-coro

Integral to the process of evaluating for proteinuria is quantification of the total amount of protein spilling into the urine. (medscape.com)
The gold standard for quantification of proteinuria is the 24-hour urine collection. (medscape.com)
Screening for proteinuria can be done using a urine dipstick or early-morning spot protein or albumin-to-creatinine ratio. (medscape.com)
If significant proteinuria is found or the clinical situation is suspicious for significant proteinuria, a 24-hour urine collection should be done. (medscape.com)
Nephrotic-range proteinuria is defined as greater than 3.5 g of protein excreted in the urine over 24 hours. (medscape.com)
Overflow proteinuria is most commonly associated with increased production of abnormal low molecular weight proteins (eg, light chains in multiple myeloma, myoglobin in rhabdomyolysis) that exceeds the reabsorption capacity of the proximal tubule, leading to spilling of the protein into the urine. (medscape.com)
Transient proteinuria occurs in persons with normal kidney function, bland urine sediment, and normal blood pressure. (medscape.com)
Doctors usually recommend that people with asymptomatic proteinuria and hematuria have a physical examination and undergo urine testing once or twice a year. (merckmanuals.com)
METHODS: Proteinuria was assessed by dipstick and quantified by urine protein:creatinine ratio (UPCR) in samples from patients hospitalized with a confirmed dengue infection and in healthy controls. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
The term proteinuria derives from protein and urine and means the presence of an excess of serum proteins in the urine. (justia.com)
Proteinuria may be a sign of renal (kidney) damage, since serum proteins are readily reabsorbed from urine, the presence of excess protein indicates either an insufficiency of absorption or impaired filtration. (justia.com)
The specific cellular unit that ensures this control is the podocyte whose dysfunction is involved in a massive loss of proteins in the urine (proteinuria). (justia.com)
Spot urine protein measurements in normotensive pregnancies, pregnancies with isolated proteinuria and preeclampsia. (qxmd.com)
Recommend checking a first morning urine sample (send them home with a urine collection cup) so that a urine protein:creatinine ratio can be determined (to rule out orthostatic/transient proteinuria). (pedemmorsels.com)
4. If proteinuria persists or is evident on first morning urine sample, then further evaluation may be warranted. (pedemmorsels.com)
Having too much protein content in your urine will result in a condition called Proteinuria. (infonovo.net)
When you go for a urinalysis test, and your result shows that you have proteinuria, it means that there is some amount of protein in your urine and it is not a good sign. (fakazagospel.com)
If the kidneys are not working properly, proteinuria can occur, it shows that a certain amount of abnormal protein has leaked into the urine. (fakazagospel.com)
This is the temporary type of proteinuria whereby urine can be found in the urine when the person engages in strenuous exercises, high fever, cold or when the body is stressed etc. (fakazagospel.com)
We demonstrate that megalin-deficient mice exhibit a tubular resorption deficiency and excrete low molecular weight plasma proteins in the urine (low molecular weight proteinuria). (mdc-berlin.de)
Urine examination revealed proteinuria (protein and creatinine ratio) 0.67 g/g Cr and urinary red blood cells at 3 per high power field. (docksci.com)
His serum sodium (Na) was 128 mEq/L and potassium (K) was 2.8 mEq/L. His urine sediment was bland with no proteinuria and no red blood cells and WBCs. (indianjnephrol.org)
2013. Urine podocyte mRNAs, proteinuria, and progression in human glomerular diseases. . (umich.edu)
One of the earliest signs of kidney disease is when protein leaks into your urine (called proteinuria). (cdc.gov)
Subjects with nephrotic range proteinuria (greater than or equal to 3 g albumin for 24 hours urine OR greater than or equal to 2 g albumin/1 g of creatinine on a random urine specimen). (survivornet.com)

Hematuria and especially proteinuria can be signs of serious disease or neoplasm, and therefore, a careful evaluation is essential. (netce.com)
This course will review the diagnosis and treatment of proteinuria and hematuria, including considerations for various etiologies. (netce.com)
This course is designed for nurses caring for patients who may present with proteinuria or hematuria. (netce.com)
The purpose of the course is to provide healthcare professionals with the information necessary to accurately diagnose and manage the conditions of proteinuria and hematuria, thereby improving patient outcomes. (netce.com)
Asymptomatic proteinuria and hematuria syndrome is the result of diseases of glomeruli (clusters of microscopic blood vessels in the kidneys that have small pores through which blood is filtered). (merckmanuals.com)
Most people with asymptomatic proteinuria and hematuria syndrome do not worsen, and the condition may persist indefinitely. (merckmanuals.com)
The diagnoses were based upon azotemia, hematuria (microscopic and macroscopic), proteinuria, and renal biopsy. (rolvedon.com)
Oral supplementation of turmeric decreases proteinuria, hematuria, and systolic blood pressure in patients suffering from relapsing or refractory lupus nephritis: a randomized and placebo-controlled study. (humanclinicals.org)
Short-term turmeric supplementation can decrease proteinuria, hematuria, and systolic blood pressure in patients suffering from relapsing or refractory lupus nephritis and can be used as an adjuvant safe therapy for such patients. (humanclinicals.org)

Albuminuria is seen in glomerular proteinuria. (medscape.com)
Background: Markers of kidney dysfunction such as proteinuria or albuminuria have been reported to be associated with coronary heart disease, but the consistency and strength of any such relationship has not been clearly defined. (edu.au)
The National Kidney Foundation Consensus Panel on Proteinuria, Albuminuria, Risk, Assessment, Detection, and Elimination (PARADE) reported that even after 4 tests, 10.7% of children have proteinuria in 1 of 4 specimens. (medscape.com)
Because the most widely used test for detection of proteinuria is the dipstick test, which is actually a test for albumin, the term proteinuria is used as a surrogate for albuminuria in the remainder of this discussion. (medscape.com)
There was a generally positive association between arsenic and albuminuria and proteinuria outcomes. (cdc.gov)
Assessment of a small number of studies with three or more categories showed a clear dose-response association between arsenic and prevalent albuminuria and proteinuria, but not with CKD outcomes. (cdc.gov)
Typical thresholds for defining proteinuria and albuminuria. (cdc.gov)
Urinalysis: microscopic haematuria (+++), no glucosuria, proteinuria was 2.5 g/L with albuminuria of 0.4 g/L. (glomcon.org)
At a subsequent outpatient clinic, two months later, her serum creatinine was stable at 1.4 mg/dL, 24h-proteinuria was 2.5 g/day (albuminuria 0.4 g/day, urinary lambda 1.8 g/day). (glomcon.org)

Types that do not result from pathological damage to the glomerulus include transient and orthostatic proteinuria. (medscape.com)
Orthostatic proteinuria is diagnosed if the patient has no proteinuria in early morning samples but has low-grade proteinuria at the end of the day. (medscape.com)
The study cohort consisted of 146 children with pre-hypertension (group P) and a control group of 104 children with normal blood pressure (group C). All children were tested for orthostatic proteinuria, an exclusion criterion, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and proteinuria, and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed. (uniroma1.it)

The dipstick (see urinalysis ) test is the most convenient method for routine testing and is often the test that causes proteinuria to be first identified in an otherwise asymptomatic individual. (medscape.com)
Proteinuria in most cases has no particular symptoms but can only be detected during urinalysis test or blood test. (fakazagospel.com)
Proteinuria is a frequent complication, and a urinalysis is commonly used to monitor kidney function in people who have RA. (hkscmd.com)
Krishnan A, Levin A. Laboratory assessment of kidney disease: glomerular filtration rate, urinalysis, and proteinuria. (medlineplus.gov)
Initial laboratory data include a urinalysis showing 3+ proteinuria and glycosuria. (cdc.gov)
Urinalysis reveals high specific gravity, proteinuria, red blood cells, and granular and erythrocyte casts. (edu.hk)

Proteinuria involving non-albumin proteins as well as albumin is seen more in tubular or overflow proteinuria. (medscape.com)
The spot albumin or protein-to-creatinine ratio was developed to help make the quantification of proteinuria easier and less laborious. (medscape.com)
For example, paraprotein deposition can induce a glomerulopathy leading to the additional loss of albumin and more profound proteinuria. (medscape.com)
Measurements of renal protein clearance were performed serially, and the time course of proteinuria was classified in each subject based on a threshold albumin clearance of 11 nl/s, equivalent to a urinary albumin excretion rate of 30 μg/min. (diabetesjournals.org)
Two independent researchers extracted the estimates of association between proteinuria (total urinary protein >300 mg/d), microalbuminuria (urinary albumin 30-300 mg/ d), macroalbuminuria (urinary albumin >300 mg/d), and risk of coronary disease from individual studies. (edu.au)
However, the caveat remains that quantitative estimates of proteinuria performed at clinical chemistry laboratories reflect the sum total of several classes of proteins and yield a result greater than the actual amount of albumin in the specimen. (medscape.com)
TWP appears effective for DKD on improving proteinuria and increasing the level of serum albumin, accompanied by a higher risk of adverse events. (biomedcentral.com)

Malay race, increasing age, both extremes of body mass index (BMI), self-reported family history of kidney disease (FKD), and higher systolic and diastolic BP measurements (even at levels classified as being within the normal range) were independently associated with dipstick-positive proteinuria. (asnjournals.org)
The association between skipping breakfast and the prevalence of proteinuria (defined as dipstick proteinuria of ≥1+) was assessed using logistic regression models adjusted for clinically relevant factors. (bvsalud.org)

If it significantly less, that could lead to underestimation of the degree of proteinuria, while overestimation may occur if there is much more than 1 g of creatinine. (medscape.com)
The degree of proteinuria depends on the integrity (charge and size selectivity) of the glomerular capillary wall (GCW) and the intraglomerular pressure. (medscape.com)
The current consensus is that lessening the degree of proteinuria is an imperative of renoprotective therapy. (medscape.com)

for preparing a medicament for the prevention and/or treatment of proteinuria, glomerulosclerosis or renal failure. (justia.com)
The present invention relates to 17-β-(3-furyl) and (4-pyridazinyl)-5-β, 14-β-androstane derivatives, as useful agents for preparing a medicament for the prevention and treatment of proteinuria, glomerulosclerosis and renal failure. (justia.com)

Transient proteinuria can also be found in pregnant women. (fakazagospel.com)
Transient proteinuria is temporary. (hkscmd.com)

Similar to megalin knockout mice, patients with low molecular weight proteinuria as in Fanconi syndrome are also shown to excrete vitamin/carrier complexes. (mdc-berlin.de)

Mutations into the genes coding for such podocyte proteins are known to be associated with alterations of the glomerular membrane barrier and consequently with massive proteinuria and renal damage. (justia.com)
Experimental data indicate that α and β adducin are expressed into the glomerulus and their polymorphisms are involved in the altered expression of some podocyte proteins, proteinuria and progression of renal damage in animal models independently from their blood pressure. (justia.com)
Salt-loaded, spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats show progressive increases in blood pressure and proteinuria and accumulate acute-phase proteins in body fluids, modeling events during renal damage. (elsevier.com)

This type of proteinuria does not really indicate a kidney disease and therefore requires no treatment as normalcy will return when the causative factor is eliminated. (fakazagospel.com)
This type of proteinuria occurs when the person is in an upright position. (fakazagospel.com)
Define a new gene causing an FSGS type of proteinuria in native kidneys. (kidneysforlife.org)

Presence Of Proteinuria May Portend Poor Surgical Outcomes Regardless Of Patients' eGFR, Researchers Say. (ascp.org)
In particular, the presence of proteinuria in patients with diabetes can be an important indication of unsuccessful disease management. (netce.com)
The presence of proteinuria was associated with an approximate 50% increase in coronary risk (risk ratio 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23-1.74) after adjustment for known risk factors. (edu.au)

Patients with warnings signs or severe dengue were more likely to present with proteinuria detected by UPCR at the time of hospital admission compared to patients without warning signs. (archives-ouvertes.fr)

Lower body mass index potentiates the association between skipping breakfast and prevalence of proteinuria. (bvsalud.org)
Several studies reported the association between skipping breakfast and the prevalence of proteinuria . (bvsalud.org)
Although proteinuria is highly prevalent in obese individuals, the association between the prevalence of proteinuria and low body mass index (BMI) was reported in a previous cross-sectional study in asymptomatic individuals without known kidney diseases . (bvsalud.org)
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the clinical impact of BMI on the association between skipping breakfast and the prevalence of proteinuria in normal renal function subjects. (bvsalud.org)
Multivariable adjusted logistic regression models showed that skipping breakfast was significantly associated with the prevalence of proteinuria above 1+. (bvsalud.org)

Pre-eclampsia is a multi-system disorder peculiar to human pregnancy and characte-rized by hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of pregnancy. (who.int)

Isolated gestational proteinuria preceding the diagnosis of preeclampsia - an observational study. (qxmd.com)
Clinical, but Not Laboratory Features Are Predictive of Risk of Subsequent Development of Preeclampsia in Patients With Isolated Proteinuria After Midgestation. (qxmd.com)

3-3.5 g of protein is nephrotic-range proteinuria. (medscape.com)
Nephrotic-range proteinuria is strongly associated with poor blood pressure control in pediatric chronic kidney disease. (childrensmercy.org)
The significance of focal and segmental hyalinosis and sclerosis (FSHS) and nephrotic range proteinuria in IgA nephropathy. (semanticscholar.org)

As a consequence, these agents may not reduce proteinuria to the same degree, particularly if systemic blood pressure is not adequately reduced at the same time that the afferent arteriole is dilated. (medscape.com)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors reduce proteinuria in both normotensive and hypertensive patients with proteinuric renal disease. (elsevier.com)

The phase of intermittent proteinuria detected in this study may represent a reversible stage in the development of diabetic nephropathy, but the factors that trigger the transition to progressing proteinuria remain obscure. (diabetesjournals.org)
Both cases experienced a similar post-transplant course with rapid onset of proteinuria and a histological diagnosis of membranous nephropathy (MN).Their transplants failed within two years. (kidneysforlife.org)
Immunohistological score of transcription factor 21 had a positive correlation with its urinary excretion and proteinuria in immunoglobulin A nephropathy. (cornell.edu)

6 ,7 These findings are supported by rat studies that show 1,25(OH)2D3 administration attenuates the development of glomerulosclerosis and the progression of proteinuria through parathyroid hormone-independent antiproliferative actions and decreases in podocyte loss and podocyte hypertrophy. (jabfm.org)

OR for proteinuria according to systolic and diastolic BP were significantly increased beginning at levels of 110 and 90 mmHg, respectively. (asnjournals.org)
In type I but not type II diabetics, established proteinuria was associated with higher systolic blood pressure and decreased creatinine clearance. (diabetesjournals.org)

Define proteinuria and describe the pathophysiology of the finding. (netce.com)

the more severe the proteinuria, the more significant the glomerular disease. (medscape.com)

We therefore undertook a systematic review of published cohort studies aiming to provide a reliable estimate of the strength of association between proteinuria and coronary heart disease. (edu.au)
MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for studies reporting an age- or multivariate-adjusted estimate and standard error of the association between proteinuria and coronary heart disease. (edu.au)
Conclusion: These data confirm a strong and continuous association between proteinuria and subsequent risk of coronary heart disease, and suggest that proteinuria should be incorporated into the assessment of an individual's cardiovascular risk. (edu.au)

In proteinuria, elevated levels of protein indicate that your kidneys aren't filtering wastes as efficiently or effectively as they should, which is a possible indicator of kidney disease. (hkscmd.com)
Kidneys of male spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats euthanized at different stages of proteinuria showed progressive inflammatory cell infiltration, the accumulation of α-smooth muscle actin-positive cells, degenerative changes in podocytes, and severe fibrosis. (elsevier.com)

Evaluation of proteinuria normally is conducted on an outpatient basis, unless the patient develops a complication of severe nephrotic syndrome. (medscape.com)
Proteinuria doesn't usually manifest any symptoms unless the condition has already become severe. (infonovo.net)
We report a case of severe OSA, where proteinuria was clearly decreased after CPAP without any changes of medication or body weight. (docksci.com)
More loss in severe proteinuria. (labpedia.net)

Proteinuria identifies patients with kidney damage and those at risk for worsening kidney disease and increased cardiovascular morbidity. (medscape.com)
Patients may require regular follow-up care by a family physician, general internal medicine specialist, or nephrologist, depending on the cause and setting of proteinuria. (medscape.com)
Describe the diagnosis and management of patients with proteinuria. (netce.com)
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate proteinuria occurring during dengue disease in children and assess if measurement of this parameter can help physicians in the clinical management of patients. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
The sensitivity of this marker, however, was limited as only 16.1% of the patients with warning signs had proteinuria. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
A reasonable doubt remains that the patients with higher proteinuria and larger reduction of GFR may harbor an as yet unknown subclinical renal condition responsible for the onset of pre-hypertension. (uniroma1.it)
Outcome of pregnancy in patients with isolated proteinuria. (qxmd.com)
a clearer proteinuria/CAC extent relationship was apparent among HIV- patients. (northwestern.edu)
With multiple locations in Cypress and Houston, Texas, the team at Houston Kidney Specialists Center uses advanced testing and evaluation to determine the cause of proteinuria , helping patients get the most appropriate care to stay healthy. (hkscmd.com)
In conclusion, administration of ramipril in both low and high doses lowered blood pressure and reduced proteinuria in this cohort of normotensive patients with a variety of proteinuric renal diseases. (elsevier.com)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in patients with renal disease, and an association between OSA and proteinuria has been proposed. (docksci.com)
The study by Zhu and colleagues examined the effect of proteinuria reduction in a randomized double blind controlled trial that included 160 diabetic patients with proteinuria range between 0.5 to 3 grams in 24 hrs. (ajkdblog.org)
Patients assigned to the probucol group had a 27% reduction in proteinuria compared to the telmisartan group. (ajkdblog.org)

The 2012 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) includes proteinuria in the staging of CKD. (medscape.com)

Isolated proteinuria is a risk factor for pre-eclampsia: a retrospective analysis of the maternal and neonatal outcomes in women presenting with isolated gestational proteinuria. (qxmd.com)
Relationships of risk factors for pre-eclampsia with patterns of occurrence of isolated gestational proteinuria during normal term pregnancy. (qxmd.com)

If isolated proteinuria persists for more than 1 year, it is then unlikely to spontaneously resolve, at which time a renal biopsy is indicated to determine underlying renal pathology. (pedemmorsels.com)
Trachtman H, Bergwerk A, Gauthier B. Isolated Proteinuria in Children: Natural History and Indications for Renal Biopsy. (pedemmorsels.com)

Analyze the clinical presentation of proteinuria and possible co-occurring signs, including aspects of the physical examination. (netce.com)
The relationship of clinical and biochemical parameters to proteinuria patterns was evaluated. (diabetesjournals.org)
The book opens with a definition and classification of the clinical manifestations of these disorders, including explanations of the diagnostic significance of oedema, weight gain, blood pressure changes, and proteinuria. (who.int)

Modified Huangqi Chifeng Decoction Attenuates Proteinuria by Reducing Podocyte Injury in a Rat Model of. (ijddc.com)

Predictors of Proteinuria in Renal Transplant Recipients Treated with " by Vinaya Rao, Clifford D. Miles et al. (wright.edu)

Listen as Dr. Ali gives some tips for physical symptoms of proteinuria and what to do if you see it in your child. (childrensmercy.org)
It is possible that Proteinuria shows no physical symptoms and still is present in a patient. (tabletwise.net)
Remember, proteinuria doesn't usually manifest symptoms. (infonovo.net)

This discussion focuses on proteinuria in children who appear well and in whom proteinuria is often incidentally discovered during an examination done for reasons other than an evaluation for suspected kidney disease. (medscape.com)
IMSEAR at SEARO: Significance and evaluation of proteinuria. (who.int)
Bhat S, Visweswaran K. Significance and evaluation of proteinuria. (who.int)

The outcome of pregnancy with new onset proteinuria without hypertension: retrospective observational study. (qxmd.com)

However, if it's a temporary or mild case of proteinuria, you may not even need treatment. (infonovo.net)

The Association Between GFR Evaluated by Serum Cystatin C and Proteinuria During Pregnancy. (qxmd.com)
These diseases cover a wide range from proteinuria to increase in serum creatinine which is a clear sign of weak glomerular filtration rate and complete failure of kidney in final stages of kidney disease. (ijmrhs.com)

Finally, FKD was significantly associated with proteinuria (OR of 1.7), whereas a family history of diabetes mellitus and a family history of hypertension were not. (asnjournals.org)
When family histories were analyzed by clustering, isolated FKD remained a significant determinant of proteinuria and the magnitude of the effect was not significantly different from that observed in the presence of a coexisting family history of diabetes mellitus or hypertension. (asnjournals.org)
This study is intended to study the association of Proteinuria with HbA1C in Diabetes Mellitus. (medicinepaper.net)

Tubular proteinuria is a result of tubulointersitial disease affecting the proximal renal tubules and interstitium. (medscape.com)
The mutant strain has been characterized by high proteinuria and renal lesions with focal sclerosis of glomeruli and tubular atrophy with interstitial nephritis in the kidney resembling the human disease. (kribb.re.kr)

The two most common factors for proteinuria diabetes and high blood pressure (hypertension). (fakazagospel.com)
We have studied donors at the University of Minnesota 20 years or more (mean 23.7) after donation by comparing renal function, blood pressure, and proteinuria in donors with siblings. (nih.gov)

The treatment protocol is based on the reduction of proteinuria, intraglomerular pressure, and renal fibrosis via interference with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. (springer.com)

Anatomy9

Organisms5

Diseases39

Chemicals and Drugs24

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment17

Phenomena and Processes4

Disciplines and Occupations1

Health Care6

Angiotensin-converting enzyme is upregulated in the proximal tubules of rats with intense proteinuria. (1/3373)

Up-regulation of glomerular extracellular matrix and transforming growth factor-beta expression in RF/J mice. (2/3373)

Blocking angiotensin II ameliorates proteinuria and glomerular lesions in progressive mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis. (3/3373)

Proteinuria induces tubular cell turnover: A potential mechanism for tubular atrophy. (4/3373)

Mycophenolate mofetil prevents the progressive renal failure induced by 5/6 renal ablation in rats. (5/3373)

HIV-associated nephropathy is a late, not early, manifestation of HIV-1 infection. (6/3373)

Long-term effects of cyclosporine A in Alport's syndrome. (7/3373)

Circulating vascular endothelial growth factor is not increased during relapses of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. (8/3373)

Proteinuria

Kidney Glomerulus

Nephrotic Syndrome

Podocytes

Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental

Glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis, Membranous

Kidney Diseases

Kidney

Glomerulonephritis, IGA

Nephrosis

Creatinine

Puromycin Aminonucleoside

Glomerular Filtration Rate

Diabetic Nephropathies

Urinalysis

Albuminuria

Nephritis

Hematuria

Lupus Nephritis

Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative

Kidney Failure, Chronic

Kidney Function Tests

Nephrosis, Lipoid

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Nephritis, Interstitial

Kidney Tubules

Glomerular Basement Membrane

Blood Pressure

Disease Progression

Nephrectomy

AIDS-Associated Nephropathy

Hypertension, Renal

Kidney Transplantation

Pre-Eclampsia

Immunosuppressive Agents

Lisinopril

Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers

Biopsy

Glomerular Filtration Barrier

Disease Models, Animal

Hypertension

Renal Insufficiency, Chronic

Reagent Strips

Renal Insufficiency

Fanconi Syndrome

Mice, Inbred NZB

Immune Complex Diseases

Basement Membrane

Antihypertensive Agents

Time Factors

Enalapril

Biological Markers

Risk Factors

Hypoalbuminemia

Chronic Disease

Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-2

Mycophenolic Acid

Serum Albumin

Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch

Renin-Angiotensin System

Losartan

Treatment Outcome

Bence Jones Protein

Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease

Antibodies, Antinuclear

Nephrosclerosis

Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Tetrazoles

Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic

Drug Therapy, Combination

Serum Sickness

Complement C3

Glomerular Mesangium

Complement Membrane Attack Complex

Follow-Up Studies

Amyloidosis

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Kidney Tubules, Proximal

Fibrosis