A trisaccharide occurring in Australian manna (from Eucalyptus spp, Myrtaceae) and in cottonseed meal.
An antimitotic agent with immunosuppressive properties.
Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard the oxidation of a substance to which it is added. They counteract the harmful and damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues.
A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some enzymes, is involved in protein disulfide bond rearrangement and reduces peroxides.
Synthetic or natural substances which are given to prevent a disease or disorder or are used in the process of treating a disease or injury due to a poisonous agent.
A disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to potential damage. Indicators of oxidative stress include damaged DNA bases, protein oxidation products, and lipid peroxidation products (Sies, Oxidative Stress, 1991, pxv-xvi).
Clothing designed to protect the individual against possible exposure to known hazards.
Devices designed to provide personal protection against injury to individuals exposed to hazards in industry, sports, aviation, or daily activities.
Inbred BALB/c mice are a strain of laboratory mice that have been selectively bred to be genetically identical to each other, making them useful for scientific research and experiments due to their consistent genetic background and predictable responses to various stimuli or treatments.
Inbred C57BL mice are a strain of laboratory mice that have been produced by many generations of brother-sister matings, resulting in a high degree of genetic uniformity and homozygosity, making them widely used for biomedical research, including studies on genetics, immunology, cancer, and neuroscience.
Personal devices for protection of the eyes from impact, flying objects, glare, liquids, or injurious radiation.
Suspensions of attenuated or killed bacteria administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious bacterial disease.
Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.
Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).
Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.
Coverings for the hands, usually with separations for the fingers, made of various materials, for protection against infections, toxic substances, extremes of hot and cold, radiations, water immersion, etc. The gloves may be worn by patients, care givers, housewives, laboratory and industrial workers, police, etc.
Small synthetic peptides that mimic surface antigens of pathogens and are immunogenic, or vaccines manufactured with the aid of recombinant DNA techniques. The latter vaccines may also be whole viruses whose nucleic acids have been modified.
Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.
Administration of vaccines to stimulate the host's immune response. This includes any preparation intended for active immunological prophylaxis.
The process by which chemical compounds provide protection to cells against harmful agents.
Transfer of immunity from immunized to non-immune host by administration of serum antibodies, or transplantation of lymphocytes (ADOPTIVE TRANSFER).
Recombinant DNA vectors encoding antigens administered for the prevention or treatment of disease. The host cells take up the DNA, express the antigen, and present it to the immune system in a manner similar to that which would occur during natural infection. This induces humoral and cellular immune responses against the encoded antigens. The vector is called naked DNA because there is no need for complex formulations or delivery agents; the plasmid is injected in saline or other buffers.
A species of bacteria that causes ANTHRAX in humans and animals.
Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.
An acute infection caused by the spore-forming bacteria BACILLUS ANTHRACIS. It commonly affects hoofed animals such as sheep and goats. Infection in humans often involves the skin (cutaneous anthrax), the lungs (inhalation anthrax), or the gastrointestinal tract. Anthrax is not contagious and can be treated with antibiotics.
Suspensions of attenuated or killed viruses administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious viral disease.
Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent ANTHRAX.
Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in ischemic tissues resulting from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION), including swelling; HEMORRHAGE; NECROSIS; and damage from FREE RADICALS. The most common instance is MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION INJURY.
The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.
Live vaccines prepared from microorganisms which have undergone physical adaptation (e.g., by radiation or temperature conditioning) or serial passage in laboratory animal hosts or infected tissue/cell cultures, in order to produce avirulent mutant strains capable of inducing protective immunity.
Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.
The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Drugs intended to prevent damage to the brain or spinal cord from ischemia, stroke, convulsions, or trauma. Some must be administered before the event, but others may be effective for some time after. They act by a variety of mechanisms, but often directly or indirectly minimize the damage produced by endogenous excitatory amino acids.
Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.

Protection by short-chain fatty acids against 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-induced intestinal lesions in germfree mice. (1/800)

In germfree mice, the administration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) protected the intestinal mucosa from damage produced by 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (Ara-C). Animals receiving SCFA and Ara-C had intestinal morphologies closer to normal than the control animals, which had severe intestinal lesions. We concluded that orally administrated SCFA reduce intestinal lesions, improving the mucosa pattern of the small intestine and colon.  (+info)

Effect of 3-hydroxyphthaloyl-beta-lactoglobulin on vaginal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus in rhesus monkeys. (2/800)

Heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the major cause of the ongoing AIDS epidemic. Application of chemical barrier methods is expected to contribute to the worldwide control of this epidemic. Bovine beta-lactoglobulin modified by 3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride (3-hydroxyphthalovyl-beta-lactoglobulin [3HP-beta-LG]) was shown to inhibit HIV-1, HIV-2, simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, and Chlamydia trachomatis infection in vitro. Here, we show that 3HP-beta-LG not formulated into any vehicle protected three of six rhesus monkeys against vaginal infection by SIV. Incorporation of the compound into an appropriate vehicle is expected to increase the degree of protection. 3HP-beta-LG may be effective as a vaginal inhibitor of HIV-1 infection in humans.  (+info)

Protective effect of cyclosporin A and FK506 from nitric oxide-dependent apoptosis in activated macrophages. (3/800)

1. Activation of macrophages with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and low doses of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) induced apoptotic death through a nitric oxide-dependent pathway. 2. Treatment of cells with the immunosuppressors cyclosporin A (CsA) or FK506 inhibited the activation-dependent apoptosis. 3. These drugs decreased the up-regulation of p53 and Bax characteristic of activated macrophages. Moreover, incubation of activated macrophages with CsA and FK506 contributed to maintain higher levels of Bcl-2 than in LPS/IFN-gamma treated cells. 4. The inhibition of apoptosis exerted by CsA and FK506 in macrophages was also observed when cell death was induced by treatment with chemical nitric oxide donors. 5. Incubation of macrophages with LPS/IFN-gamma barely affected caspase-1 but promoted an important activation of caspase-3. Both CsA and FK506 inhibited pathways leading to caspase-3 activation. Moreover, the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, a well established caspase substrate, was reduced by these immunosuppressive drugs. 6. CsA and FK506 reduced the release of cytochrome c to the cytosol and the activation of caspase-3 in cells treated with nitric oxide donors. 7. These results indicate that CsA and FK506 protect macrophages from nitric oxide-dependent apoptosis and suggest a contribution of the macrophage to innate immunity under conditions of immunosuppression of the host.  (+info)

Pharmacological activities of TEI-8362, a novel inhibitor of human neutrophil elastase. (4/800)

1. TEI-8362, 4-(N-(3-((3-carboxypropyl)amino)-8-methyl-1-oxo-4-azaisochromen-6- yl)carbamoyl)-4-((phenylmethoxy)carbonylamino)butanoic acid (C26H28N4O9) is a novel inhibitor of human neutrophil elastase (HNE). We evaluated its pharmacological profile in vitro and in vivo. 2. TEI-8362 demonstrated potent inhibition of HNE with a Ki value of 1.38 x 10(-9) M. Its selectivity for HNE among a variety of proteases ranged from 163 fold to 68,000 fold in favour of HNE. 3. The pulmonary haemorrhage that occurred after i.t. instillation of HNE to hamsters was inhibited by either i.t., i.v., or inhalant administration of TEI-8362. 4. Intratracheal administration of lipopolysaccharide induced pulmonary neutrophilia. Twenty-four hours after lipopolysaccharide administration, the additional treatment with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine resulted in a specific neutrophil-dependent acute lung injury. In this model, lung injury was significantly attenuated by i.t., i.v., or inhalant administration of TEI-8362. 5. These pharmacological actions of TEI-8362 suggest that this drug has therapeutic value in the treatment of destructive lung diseases due to neutrophils.  (+info)

Polaprezinc, a mucosal protective agent, in combination with lansoprazole, amoxycillin and clarithromycin increases the cure rate of Helicobacter pylori infection. (5/800)

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of polaprezinc, a mucosal protective agent, in combination with a 7-day triple therapy containing lansoprazole, amoxycillin and clarithromycin, as a treatment for Helicobacter pylori. METHODS: Sixty-six consecutive patients suffering from dyspeptic symptoms with H. pylori infection were randomly allocated to one of two regimens: one group (LAC; n = 31) received lansoprazole 30 mg b.d., amoxycillin 500 mg b.d. and clarithromycin 400 mg b.d. for 7 days. The other group (LACP; n = 35) received the LAC regimen plus polaprezinc 150 mg b.d. for 7 days. H. pylori status was evaluated by rapid urease test, histology and culture at entry and 4 weeks after treatment. RESULTS: Five patients did not complete the treatment: no follow-up endoscopy was performed on two patients in the LAC group; one patient in the LAC group and two in the LACP group had their treatment stopped due to severe diarrhoea. By per protocol analysis, H. pylori eradication was achieved in 24 of the 28 evaluable patients (86%; 95% CI: 72-100%) after LAC therapy, and in 33 of the 33 evaluable patients (100%) after LACP therapy (P < 0.05). On intention-to-treat analysis, the rates of eradication were 24 of 31 patients (77%; 95% CI: 62-93%) in the LAC group, and 33 of 35 patients (94%; 95% CI: 86-100%) in the LACP group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: A 7-day triple therapy with lansoprazole, amoxycillin and clarithromycin is effective in H. pylori eradication, but this regimen is significantly improved by the addition of polaprezinc.  (+info)

Effect of vitamin E in gastric mucosal injury induced by ischaemia-reperfusion in nitric oxide-depleted rats. (6/800)

BACKGROUND: Neutrophil infiltration and lipid peroxide accumulation are involved in reperfusion-induced gastric mucosal injury in nitric oxide-depleted rats. AIM: To assess the effect of vitamin E on this injury. METHODS: After ischaemia-reperfusion, the total area of erosions, lipid peroxide contents in gastric mucosa, and gastric neutrophil accumulation were compared between nitric oxide-depleted rats with deficient, normal, and increased vitamin E intake over 8 weeks. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and tissue-associated myeloperoxidase activity were measured in gastric mucosa as indices of lipid peroxidation and neutrophil infiltration. RESULTS: The total area of erosions was significantly increased in the vitamin E-deficient group compared with the sufficient-intake and vitamin-supplemented groups. Both thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and myeloperoxidase activity also were significantly increased in the vitamin E-deficient group compared with others. The total area of erosions closely paralleled the increases in both thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and myeloperoxidase activity. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and interference with neutrophil infiltration by vitamin E may be responsible for its cytoprotective effect in ischaemia-reperfusion.  (+info)

Double-blind randomized study on the myeloprotective effect of melatonin in combination with carboplatin and etoposide in advanced lung cancer. (7/800)

A significant myeloprotective effect of melatonin in mice treated with etoposide, cyclophosphamide or carboplatin has been reported. The present study was designed to evaluate if the same effect could be observed in patients receiving chemotherapy. Twenty previously untreated patients with inoperable lung cancer received two cycles of carboplatin (given at area under the curve 5 by the Calvert formula) on day 1 and etoposide (150 mg m(-2) i.v.) on days 1-3 every 4 weeks. Melatonin 40 mg or placebo (double-blind) was given orally in the evening for 21 consecutive days, starting 2 days before chemotherapy. Patients were randomized to receive melatonin either with the first or the second cycle. Complete blood cell count with differential was done three times per week for 3 weeks. The median age of the cohort was 60 years (range 42-69), 16 patients had non-small cell and four patients small-cell lung cancer, 12 stage III and eight stage IV disease. In a multivariate analysis including age, sex, diagnosis, stage, performance status, doses of carboplatin and etoposide, and concomitant treatment with melatonin or placebo, the haematological parameters--depth and duration of toxicity for haemoglobin, platelets and neutrophils (ANC)--were not significantly different between cycles with/without melatonin. The mean ANC nadir and the mean number of days with ANC < 0.5 x 10(9) l(-1) were 0.5 x 10(9) l(-1) and 2.5 days, respectively, with/without melatonin. We concluded that, in patients with lung cancer, melatonin given orally at a dose of 40 mg per day for 21 days in the evening, does not protect against the myelotoxic effect of carboplatin and etoposide.  (+info)

The phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase pathway is a dominant growth factor-activated cell survival pathway in LNCaP human prostate carcinoma cells. (8/800)

Intracellular signaling pathways that mediate survival of prostate carcinoma (PCa) cells are poorly understood. We examined the potential role of the phosphatidylinositol 3' kinase (PI3K) pathway as a mediator of cell survival in LNCaP human PCa cells, which express a variety of properties characteristic of human prostate cancer. LNCaP cell cultures rapidly became apoptotic when treated with the specific PI3K inhibitors, wortmannin and LY294002. In contrast, apoptosis was not induced when the cells were treated with: (a) rapamycin, an inhibitor of the ribosomal S6 kinase pp70S6K, which acts downstream of PI3K; (b) PD98059, a specific inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (Erk/MAPK) kinase (MEK); or (c) the antiandrogen, Casodex; or when the cells were cultured under androgen-depleted conditions. Apoptosis induced by PI3K inhibition was attenuated by: (a) dihydrotestosterone; or (b) the ErbB1 activating ligands [epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor alpha, or heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor]. In response to ErbB1 activation by ligand, the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3K associated specifically with ErbB3 but not detectably with ErbB1. The anti-apoptotic effect of ErbB1 activation was significantly reduced when cells were treated simultaneously with wortmannin and PD98059. These data indicate that survival signals can be evoked in LNCaP cells by several distinct pathways and can be triggered by nuclear and cell-surface receptors. Constitutive signaling through the PI3K pathway is required to prevent cell death in LNCaP, whereas activation of the Erk/MAPK and androgen response pathways is not obligatory for cell survival. These results also show that survival signals, as distinguished from mitogenic signals, can be evoked in PCa cells by ErbB1 ligands known to be synthesized within the human prostate.  (+info)

Raffinose is a complex carbohydrate, specifically an oligosaccharide, that is composed of three sugars: galactose, fructose, and glucose. It is a non-reducing sugar, which means it does not undergo oxidation reactions like reducing sugars do.

Raffinose is found in various plants, including beans, cabbage, brussels sprouts, broccoli, and whole grains. It is a member of the class of carbohydrates known as alpha-galactosides.

In humans, raffinose cannot be digested because we lack the enzyme alpha-galactosidase, which is necessary to break down the bond between galactose and glucose in raffinose. As a result, it passes through the small intestine intact and enters the large intestine, where it is fermented by gut bacteria. This fermentation process can lead to the production of gases such as methane and hydrogen, which can cause digestive discomfort, bloating, and flatulence in some individuals.

It's worth noting that raffinose has been studied for its potential prebiotic properties, as it can promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria. However, excessive consumption may lead to digestive issues in sensitive individuals.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Razoxane" is not a medical term that has a widely accepted or specific definition in the field of medicine. It is possible that you may be referring to "razoxane," which is a medication used in the treatment of certain types of cancer. Razoxane is an antineoplastic agent, which means it is a drug that is used to treat cancer. It works by interfering with the formation of blood vessels that supply tumors, which can help to slow or stop the growth of the tumor.

It is important to note that the use of razoxane is not widely accepted and it is not a commonly used cancer treatment. It is typically used only in certain specific circumstances and when other treatments have not been effective. As with any medication, razoxane should be used under the close supervision of a healthcare professional, and it is important to be aware of the potential risks and benefits.

Antioxidants are substances that can prevent or slow damage to cells caused by free radicals, which are unstable molecules that the body produces as a reaction to environmental and other pressures. Antioxidants are able to neutralize free radicals by donating an electron to them, thus stabilizing them and preventing them from causing further damage to the cells.

Antioxidants can be found in a variety of foods, including fruits, vegetables, nuts, and grains. Some common antioxidants include vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, and selenium. Antioxidants are also available as dietary supplements.

In addition to their role in protecting cells from damage, antioxidants have been studied for their potential to prevent or treat a number of health conditions, including cancer, heart disease, and age-related macular degeneration. However, more research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits and risks of using antioxidant supplements.

Glutathione is a tripeptide composed of three amino acids: cysteine, glutamic acid, and glycine. It is a vital antioxidant that plays an essential role in maintaining cellular health and function. Glutathione helps protect cells from oxidative stress by neutralizing free radicals, which are unstable molecules that can damage cells and contribute to aging and diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and dementia. It also supports the immune system, detoxifies harmful substances, and regulates various cellular processes, including DNA synthesis and repair.

Glutathione is found in every cell of the body, with particularly high concentrations in the liver, lungs, and eyes. The body can produce its own glutathione, but levels may decline with age, illness, or exposure to toxins. As such, maintaining optimal glutathione levels through diet, supplementation, or other means is essential for overall health and well-being.

In the context of medicine and toxicology, protective agents are substances that provide protection against harmful or damaging effects of other substances. They can work in several ways, such as:

1. Binding to toxic substances: Protective agents can bind to toxic substances, rendering them inactive or less active, and preventing them from causing harm. For example, activated charcoal is sometimes used in the emergency treatment of certain types of poisoning because it can bind to certain toxins in the stomach and intestines and prevent their absorption into the body.
2. Increasing elimination: Protective agents can increase the elimination of toxic substances from the body, for example by promoting urinary or biliary excretion.
3. Reducing oxidative stress: Antioxidants are a type of protective agent that can reduce oxidative stress caused by free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These agents can protect cells and tissues from damage caused by oxidation.
4. Supporting organ function: Protective agents can support the function of organs that have been damaged by toxic substances, for example by improving blood flow or reducing inflammation.

Examples of protective agents include chelating agents, antidotes, free radical scavengers, and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (free radicals) and the body's ability to detoxify them or repair the damage they cause. This imbalance can lead to cellular damage, oxidation of proteins, lipids, and DNA, disruption of cellular functions, and activation of inflammatory responses. Prolonged or excessive oxidative stress has been linked to various health conditions, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and aging-related diseases.

Protective clothing refers to specialized garments worn by healthcare professionals, first responders, or workers in various industries to protect themselves from potential hazards that could cause harm to their bodies. These hazards may include biological agents (such as viruses or bacteria), chemicals, radiological particles, physical injuries, or extreme temperatures.

Examples of protective clothing include:

1. Medical/isolation gowns: Fluid-resistant garments worn by healthcare workers during medical procedures to protect against the spread of infectious diseases.
2. Lab coats: Protective garments typically worn in laboratories to shield the wearer's skin and clothing from potential chemical or biological exposure.
3. Coveralls: One-piece garments that cover the entire body, often used in industries with high exposure risks, such as chemical manufacturing or construction.
4. Gloves: Protective hand coverings made of materials like latex, nitrile, or vinyl, which prevent direct contact with hazardous substances.
5. Face masks and respirators: Devices worn over the nose and mouth to filter out airborne particles, protecting the wearer from inhaling harmful substances.
6. Helmets and face shields: Protective headgear used in various industries to prevent physical injuries from falling objects or impact.
7. Fire-resistant clothing: Specialized garments worn by firefighters and those working with high temperatures or open flames to protect against burns and heat exposure.

The choice of protective clothing depends on the specific hazards present in the work environment, as well as the nature and duration of potential exposures. Proper use, maintenance, and training are essential for ensuring the effectiveness of protective clothing in minimizing risks and maintaining worker safety.

Protective devices, in the context of medical care, refer to equipment or products designed to prevent injury, harm, or infection to patients, healthcare workers, or others. They can include a wide range of items such as:

1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Items worn by healthcare professionals to protect themselves from infectious materials or harmful substances, such as gloves, masks, face shields, gowns, and goggles.
2. Medical Devices: Equipment designed to prevent injury during medical procedures, such as tourniquets, safety needles, and bite blocks.
3. Patient Safety Devices: Items used to protect patients from harm, such as bed rails, pressure ulcer prevention devices, and fall prevention equipment.
4. Environmental Protection Devices: Equipment used to prevent the spread of infectious agents in healthcare settings, such as air purifiers, isolation rooms, and waste management systems.
5. Dental Protective Devices: Devices used in dental care to protect patients and dental professionals from injury or infection, such as dental dams, mouth mirrors, and high-speed evacuators.

The specific definition of protective devices may vary depending on the context and field of medicine.

BALB/c is an inbred strain of laboratory mouse that is widely used in biomedical research. The strain was developed at the Institute of Cancer Research in London by Henry Baldwin and his colleagues in the 1920s, and it has since become one of the most commonly used inbred strains in the world.

BALB/c mice are characterized by their black coat color, which is determined by a recessive allele at the tyrosinase locus. They are also known for their docile and friendly temperament, making them easy to handle and work with in the laboratory.

One of the key features of BALB/c mice that makes them useful for research is their susceptibility to certain types of tumors and immune responses. For example, they are highly susceptible to developing mammary tumors, which can be induced by chemical carcinogens or viral infection. They also have a strong Th2-biased immune response, which makes them useful models for studying allergic diseases and asthma.

BALB/c mice are also commonly used in studies of genetics, neuroscience, behavior, and infectious diseases. Because they are an inbred strain, they have a uniform genetic background, which makes it easier to control for genetic factors in experiments. Additionally, because they have been bred in the laboratory for many generations, they are highly standardized and reproducible, making them ideal subjects for scientific research.

C57BL/6 (C57 Black 6) is an inbred strain of laboratory mouse that is widely used in biomedical research. The term "inbred" refers to a strain of animals where matings have been carried out between siblings or other closely related individuals for many generations, resulting in a population that is highly homozygous at most genetic loci.

The C57BL/6 strain was established in 1920 by crossing a female mouse from the dilute brown (DBA) strain with a male mouse from the black strain. The resulting offspring were then interbred for many generations to create the inbred C57BL/6 strain.

C57BL/6 mice are known for their robust health, longevity, and ease of handling, making them a popular choice for researchers. They have been used in a wide range of biomedical research areas, including studies of cancer, immunology, neuroscience, cardiovascular disease, and metabolism.

One of the most notable features of the C57BL/6 strain is its sensitivity to certain genetic modifications, such as the introduction of mutations that lead to obesity or impaired glucose tolerance. This has made it a valuable tool for studying the genetic basis of complex diseases and traits.

Overall, the C57BL/6 inbred mouse strain is an important model organism in biomedical research, providing a valuable resource for understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying human health and disease.

Eye protective devices are specialized equipment designed to protect the eyes from various hazards and injuries. They include items such as safety glasses, goggles, face shields, welding helmets, and full-face respirators. These devices are engineered to provide a barrier between the eyes and potential dangers like chemical splashes, impact particles, radiation, and other environmental hazards.

Safety glasses are designed to protect against flying debris, dust, and other airborne particles. They typically have side shields to prevent objects from entering the eye from the sides. Goggles offer a higher level of protection than safety glasses as they form a protective seal around the eyes, preventing liquids and fine particles from reaching the eyes.

Face shields and welding helmets are used in industrial settings to protect against radiation, sparks, and molten metal during welding or cutting operations. Full-face respirators are used in environments with harmful airborne particles or gases, providing protection for both the eyes and the respiratory system.

It is essential to choose the appropriate eye protective device based on the specific hazard present to ensure adequate protection.

Bacterial vaccines are types of vaccines that are created using bacteria or parts of bacteria as the immunogen, which is the substance that triggers an immune response in the body. The purpose of a bacterial vaccine is to stimulate the immune system to develop protection against specific bacterial infections.

There are several types of bacterial vaccines, including:

1. Inactivated or killed whole-cell vaccines: These vaccines contain entire bacteria that have been killed or inactivated through various methods, such as heat or chemicals. The bacteria can no longer cause disease, but they still retain the ability to stimulate an immune response.
2. Subunit, protein, or polysaccharide vaccines: These vaccines use specific components of the bacterium, such as proteins or polysaccharides, that are known to trigger an immune response. By using only these components, the vaccine can avoid using the entire bacterium, which may reduce the risk of adverse reactions.
3. Live attenuated vaccines: These vaccines contain live bacteria that have been weakened or attenuated so that they cannot cause disease but still retain the ability to stimulate an immune response. This type of vaccine can provide long-lasting immunity, but it may not be suitable for people with weakened immune systems.

Bacterial vaccines are essential tools in preventing and controlling bacterial infections, reducing the burden of diseases such as tuberculosis, pneumococcal disease, meningococcal disease, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease. They work by exposing the immune system to a harmless form of the bacteria or its components, which triggers the production of antibodies and memory cells that can recognize and fight off future infections with that same bacterium.

It's important to note that while vaccines are generally safe and effective, they may cause mild side effects such as pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site, fever, or fatigue. Serious side effects are rare but can occur, so it's essential to consult with a healthcare provider before receiving any vaccine.

Animal disease models are specialized animals, typically rodents such as mice or rats, that have been genetically engineered or exposed to certain conditions to develop symptoms and physiological changes similar to those seen in human diseases. These models are used in medical research to study the pathophysiology of diseases, identify potential therapeutic targets, test drug efficacy and safety, and understand disease mechanisms.

The genetic modifications can include knockout or knock-in mutations, transgenic expression of specific genes, or RNA interference techniques. The animals may also be exposed to environmental factors such as chemicals, radiation, or infectious agents to induce the disease state.

Examples of animal disease models include:

1. Mouse models of cancer: Genetically engineered mice that develop various types of tumors, allowing researchers to study cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis.
2. Alzheimer's disease models: Transgenic mice expressing mutant human genes associated with Alzheimer's disease, which exhibit amyloid plaque formation and cognitive decline.
3. Diabetes models: Obese and diabetic mouse strains like the NOD (non-obese diabetic) or db/db mice, used to study the development of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively.
4. Cardiovascular disease models: Atherosclerosis-prone mice, such as ApoE-deficient or LDLR-deficient mice, that develop plaque buildup in their arteries when fed a high-fat diet.
5. Inflammatory bowel disease models: Mice with genetic mutations affecting intestinal barrier function and immune response, such as IL-10 knockout or SAMP1/YitFc mice, which develop colitis.

Animal disease models are essential tools in preclinical research, but it is important to recognize their limitations. Differences between species can affect the translatability of results from animal studies to human patients. Therefore, researchers must carefully consider the choice of model and interpret findings cautiously when applying them to human diseases.

Immunization is defined medically as the process where an individual is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically through the administration of a vaccine. The vaccine stimulates the body's own immune system to recognize and fight off the specific disease-causing organism, thereby preventing or reducing the severity of future infections with that organism.

Immunization can be achieved actively, where the person is given a vaccine to trigger an immune response, or passively, where antibodies are transferred to the person through immunoglobulin therapy. Immunizations are an important part of preventive healthcare and have been successful in controlling and eliminating many infectious diseases worldwide.

Bacterial antigens are substances found on the surface or produced by bacteria that can stimulate an immune response in a host organism. These antigens can be proteins, polysaccharides, teichoic acids, lipopolysaccharides, or other molecules that are recognized as foreign by the host's immune system.

When a bacterial antigen is encountered by the host's immune system, it triggers a series of responses aimed at eliminating the bacteria and preventing infection. The host's immune system recognizes the antigen as foreign through the use of specialized receptors called pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which are found on various immune cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils.

Once a bacterial antigen is recognized by the host's immune system, it can stimulate both the innate and adaptive immune responses. The innate immune response involves the activation of inflammatory pathways, the recruitment of immune cells to the site of infection, and the production of antimicrobial peptides.

The adaptive immune response, on the other hand, involves the activation of T cells and B cells, which are specific to the bacterial antigen. These cells can recognize and remember the antigen, allowing for a more rapid and effective response upon subsequent exposures.

Bacterial antigens are important in the development of vaccines, as they can be used to stimulate an immune response without causing disease. By identifying specific bacterial antigens that are associated with virulence or pathogenicity, researchers can develop vaccines that target these antigens and provide protection against infection.

Protective gloves are a type of personal protective equipment (PPE) used to shield the hands from potential harm or contamination. They can be made from various materials such as latex, nitrile rubber, vinyl, or polyethylene and are designed to provide a barrier against chemicals, biological agents, radiation, or mechanical injuries. Protective gloves come in different types, including examination gloves, surgical gloves, chemical-resistant gloves, and heavy-duty work gloves, depending on the intended use and level of protection required.

Synthetic vaccines are artificially produced, designed to stimulate an immune response and provide protection against specific diseases. Unlike traditional vaccines that are derived from weakened or killed pathogens, synthetic vaccines are created using synthetic components, such as synthesized viral proteins, DNA, or RNA. These components mimic the disease-causing agent and trigger an immune response without causing the actual disease. The use of synthetic vaccines offers advantages in terms of safety, consistency, and scalability in production, making them valuable tools for preventing infectious diseases.

Bacterial antibodies are a type of antibodies produced by the immune system in response to an infection caused by bacteria. These antibodies are proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens on the surface of the bacterial cells, marking them for destruction by other immune cells. Bacterial antibodies can be classified into several types based on their structure and function, including IgG, IgM, IgA, and IgE. They play a crucial role in the body's defense against bacterial infections and provide immunity to future infections with the same bacteria.

Vaccination is a simple, safe, and effective way to protect people against harmful diseases, before they come into contact with them. It uses your body's natural defenses to build protection to specific infections and makes your immune system stronger.

A vaccination usually contains a small, harmless piece of a virus or bacteria (or toxins produced by these germs) that has been made inactive or weakened so it won't cause the disease itself. This piece of the germ is known as an antigen. When the vaccine is introduced into the body, the immune system recognizes the antigen as foreign and produces antibodies to fight it.

If a person then comes into contact with the actual disease-causing germ, their immune system will recognize it and immediately produce antibodies to destroy it. The person is therefore protected against that disease. This is known as active immunity.

Vaccinations are important for both individual and public health. They prevent the spread of contagious diseases and protect vulnerable members of the population, such as young children, the elderly, and people with weakened immune systems who cannot be vaccinated or for whom vaccination is not effective.

Cytoprotection refers to the protection of cells, particularly from harmful agents or damaging conditions. This can be achieved through various mechanisms, such as:

1. Activation of cellular defense pathways that help cells resist damage.
2. Inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation, which can cause cellular damage.
3. Enhancement of cell repair processes, enabling cells to recover from damage more effectively.
4. Prevention of apoptosis (programmed cell death) or promotion of cell survival signals.

In the medical context, cytoprotective agents are often used to protect tissues and organs from injury due to various factors like chemotherapy, radiation therapy, ischemia-reperfusion injury, or inflammation. These agents can include antioxidants, anti-inflammatory drugs, growth factors, and other compounds that help maintain cellular integrity and function.

Passive immunization is a type of temporary immunity that is transferred to an individual through the injection of antibodies produced outside of the body, rather than through the active production of antibodies in the body in response to vaccination or infection. This can be done through the administration of preformed antibodies, such as immune globulins, which contain a mixture of antibodies that provide immediate protection against specific diseases.

Passive immunization is often used in situations where individuals have been exposed to a disease and do not have time to develop their own active immune response, or in cases where individuals are unable to produce an adequate immune response due to certain medical conditions. It can also be used as a short-term measure to provide protection until an individual can receive a vaccination that will confer long-term immunity.

Passive immunization provides immediate protection against disease, but the protection is typically short-lived, lasting only a few weeks or months. This is because the transferred antibodies are gradually broken down and eliminated by the body over time. In contrast, active immunization confers long-term immunity through the production of memory cells that can mount a rapid and effective immune response upon re-exposure to the same pathogen in the future.

I could not find a specific medical definition for "Vaccines, DNA." However, I can provide you with some information about DNA vaccines.

DNA vaccines are a type of vaccine that uses genetically engineered DNA to stimulate an immune response in the body. They work by introducing a small piece of DNA into the body that contains the genetic code for a specific antigen (a substance that triggers an immune response). The cells of the body then use this DNA to produce the antigen, which prompts the immune system to recognize and attack it.

DNA vaccines have several advantages over traditional vaccines. They are relatively easy to produce, can be stored at room temperature, and can be designed to protect against a wide range of diseases. Additionally, because they use DNA to stimulate an immune response, DNA vaccines do not require the growth and culture of viruses or bacteria, which can make them safer than traditional vaccines.

DNA vaccines are still in the experimental stages, and more research is needed to determine their safety and effectiveness. However, they have shown promise in animal studies and are being investigated as a potential tool for preventing a variety of infectious diseases, including influenza, HIV, and cancer.

'Bacillus anthracis' is the scientific name for the bacterium that causes anthrax, a serious and potentially fatal infectious disease. This gram-positive, spore-forming rod-shaped bacterium can be found in soil and commonly affects animals such as sheep, goats, and cattle. Anthrax can manifest in several forms, including cutaneous (skin), gastrointestinal, and inhalation anthrax, depending on the route of infection.

The spores of Bacillus anthracis are highly resistant to environmental conditions and can survive for years, making them a potential agent for bioterrorism or biowarfare. When inhaled, ingested, or introduced through breaks in the skin, these spores can germinate into vegetative bacteria that produce potent exotoxins responsible for anthrax symptoms and complications.

It is essential to distinguish Bacillus anthracis from other Bacillus species due to its public health significance and potential use as a biological weapon. Proper identification, prevention strategies, and medical countermeasures are crucial in mitigating the risks associated with this bacterium.

A "knockout" mouse is a genetically engineered mouse in which one or more genes have been deleted or "knocked out" using molecular biology techniques. This allows researchers to study the function of specific genes and their role in various biological processes, as well as potential associations with human diseases. The mice are generated by introducing targeted DNA modifications into embryonic stem cells, which are then used to create a live animal. Knockout mice have been widely used in biomedical research to investigate gene function, disease mechanisms, and potential therapeutic targets.

Anthrax is a serious infectious disease caused by gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria called Bacillus anthracis. This bacterium produces spores that can survive in the environment for many years. Anthrax can be found naturally in soil and commonly affects animals such as cattle, sheep, and goats. Humans can get infected with anthrax by handling contaminated animal products or by inhaling or coming into contact with contaminated soil, water, or vegetation.

There are three main forms of anthrax infection:

1. Cutaneous anthrax: This is the most common form and occurs when the spores enter the body through a cut or abrasion on the skin. It starts as a painless bump that eventually develops into a ulcer with a black center.
2. Inhalation anthrax (also known as wool-sorter's disease): This occurs when a person inhales anthrax spores, which can lead to severe respiratory symptoms and potentially fatal illness.
3. Gastrointestinal anthrax: This form is rare and results from consuming contaminated meat. It causes nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea, which may be bloody.

Anthrax can be treated with antibiotics, but early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for a successful outcome. Preventive measures include vaccination and avoiding contact with infected animals or contaminated animal products. Anthrax is also considered a potential bioterrorism agent due to its ease of dissemination and high mortality rate if left untreated.

A viral vaccine is a biological preparation that introduces your body to a specific virus in a way that helps your immune system build up protection against the virus without causing the illness. Viral vaccines can be made from weakened or inactivated forms of the virus, or parts of the virus such as proteins or sugars. Once introduced to the body, the immune system recognizes the virus as foreign and produces an immune response, including the production of antibodies. These antibodies remain in the body and provide immunity against future infection with that specific virus.

Viral vaccines are important tools for preventing infectious diseases caused by viruses, such as influenza, measles, mumps, rubella, polio, hepatitis A and B, rabies, rotavirus, chickenpox, shingles, and some types of cancer. Vaccination programs have led to the control or elimination of many infectious diseases that were once common.

It's important to note that viral vaccines are not effective against bacterial infections, and separate vaccines must be developed for each type of virus. Additionally, because viruses can mutate over time, it is necessary to update some viral vaccines periodically to ensure continued protection.

Anthrax vaccines are biological preparations designed to protect against anthrax, a potentially fatal infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. Anthrax can affect both humans and animals, and it is primarily transmitted through contact with contaminated animal products or, less commonly, through inhalation of spores.

There are two types of anthrax vaccines currently available:

1. Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA): This vaccine is licensed for use in the United States and is approved for pre-exposure prophylaxis in high-risk individuals, such as military personnel and laboratory workers who handle the bacterium. AVA contains a cell-free filtrate of cultured B. anthracis cells that have been chemically treated to render them non-infectious. The vaccine works by stimulating the production of antibodies against protective antigens (PA) present in the bacterial culture.
2. Recombinant Anthrax Vaccine (rPA): This vaccine, also known as BioThrax, is a newer generation anthrax vaccine that was approved for use in the United States in 2015. It contains only the recombinant protective antigen (rPA) of B. anthracis, which is produced using genetic engineering techniques. The rPA vaccine has been shown to be as effective as AVA in generating an immune response and offers several advantages, including a more straightforward manufacturing process, fewer side effects, and a longer shelf life.

Both vaccines require multiple doses for initial immunization, followed by periodic booster shots to maintain protection. Anthrax vaccines are generally safe and effective at preventing anthrax infection; however, they may cause mild to moderate side effects, such as soreness at the injection site, fatigue, and muscle aches. Severe allergic reactions are rare but possible.

It is important to note that anthrax vaccines do not provide immediate protection against anthrax infection. They require several weeks to stimulate an immune response, so they should be administered before potential exposure to the bacterium. In cases of known or suspected exposure to anthrax, antibiotics are used as a primary means of preventing and treating the disease.

Reperfusion injury is a complex pathophysiological process that occurs when blood flow is restored to previously ischemic tissues, leading to further tissue damage. This phenomenon can occur in various clinical settings such as myocardial infarction (heart attack), stroke, or peripheral artery disease after an intervention aimed at restoring perfusion.

The restoration of blood flow leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory mediators, which can cause oxidative stress, cellular damage, and activation of the immune system. This results in a cascade of events that may lead to microvascular dysfunction, capillary leakage, and tissue edema, further exacerbating the injury.

Reperfusion injury is an important consideration in the management of ischemic events, as interventions aimed at restoring blood flow must be carefully balanced with potential harm from reperfusion injury. Strategies to mitigate reperfusion injury include ischemic preconditioning (exposing the tissue to short periods of ischemia before a prolonged ischemic event), ischemic postconditioning (applying brief periods of ischemia and reperfusion after restoring blood flow), remote ischemic preconditioning (ischemia applied to a distant organ or tissue to protect the target organ), and pharmacological interventions that scavenge ROS, reduce inflammation, or improve microvascular function.

Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is a soluble cytokine that is primarily produced by the activation of natural killer (NK) cells and T lymphocytes, especially CD4+ Th1 cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of the immune response against viral and intracellular bacterial infections, as well as tumor cells. IFN-γ has several functions, including activating macrophages to enhance their microbicidal activity, increasing the presentation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules on antigen-presenting cells, stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of T cells and NK cells, and inducing the production of other cytokines and chemokines. Additionally, IFN-γ has direct antiproliferative effects on certain types of tumor cells and can enhance the cytotoxic activity of immune cells against infected or malignant cells.

Attenuated vaccines consist of live microorganisms that have been weakened (attenuated) through various laboratory processes so they do not cause disease in the majority of recipients but still stimulate an immune response. The purpose of attenuation is to reduce the virulence or replication capacity of the pathogen while keeping it alive, allowing it to retain its antigenic properties and induce a strong and protective immune response.

Examples of attenuated vaccines include:

1. Sabin oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV): This vaccine uses live but weakened polioviruses to protect against all three strains of the disease-causing poliovirus. The weakened viruses replicate in the intestine and induce an immune response, which provides both humoral (antibody) and cell-mediated immunity.
2. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine: This combination vaccine contains live attenuated measles, mumps, and rubella viruses. It is given to protect against these three diseases and prevent their spread in the population.
3. Varicella (chickenpox) vaccine: This vaccine uses a weakened form of the varicella-zoster virus, which causes chickenpox. By introducing this attenuated virus into the body, it stimulates an immune response that protects against future infection with the wild-type virus.
4. Yellow fever vaccine: This live attenuated vaccine is used to prevent yellow fever, a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and South America. The vaccine contains a weakened form of the yellow fever virus that cannot cause the disease but still induces an immune response.
5. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine: This live attenuated vaccine is used to protect against tuberculosis (TB). It contains a weakened strain of Mycobacterium bovis, which does not cause TB in humans but stimulates an immune response that provides some protection against the disease.

Attenuated vaccines are generally effective at inducing long-lasting immunity and can provide robust protection against targeted diseases. However, they may pose a risk for individuals with weakened immune systems, as the attenuated viruses or bacteria could potentially cause illness in these individuals. Therefore, it is essential to consider an individual's health status before administering live attenuated vaccines.

"Cells, cultured" is a medical term that refers to cells that have been removed from an organism and grown in controlled laboratory conditions outside of the body. This process is called cell culture and it allows scientists to study cells in a more controlled and accessible environment than they would have inside the body. Cultured cells can be derived from a variety of sources, including tissues, organs, or fluids from humans, animals, or cell lines that have been previously established in the laboratory.

Cell culture involves several steps, including isolation of the cells from the tissue, purification and characterization of the cells, and maintenance of the cells in appropriate growth conditions. The cells are typically grown in specialized media that contain nutrients, growth factors, and other components necessary for their survival and proliferation. Cultured cells can be used for a variety of purposes, including basic research, drug development and testing, and production of biological products such as vaccines and gene therapies.

It is important to note that cultured cells may behave differently than they do in the body, and results obtained from cell culture studies may not always translate directly to human physiology or disease. Therefore, it is essential to validate findings from cell culture experiments using additional models and ultimately in clinical trials involving human subjects.

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody, which is a protective protein produced by the immune system in response to foreign substances like bacteria or viruses. IgG is the most abundant type of antibody in human blood, making up about 75-80% of all antibodies. It is found in all body fluids and plays a crucial role in fighting infections caused by bacteria, viruses, and toxins.

IgG has several important functions:

1. Neutralization: IgG can bind to the surface of bacteria or viruses, preventing them from attaching to and infecting human cells.
2. Opsonization: IgG coats the surface of pathogens, making them more recognizable and easier for immune cells like neutrophils and macrophages to phagocytose (engulf and destroy) them.
3. Complement activation: IgG can activate the complement system, a group of proteins that work together to help eliminate pathogens from the body. Activation of the complement system leads to the formation of the membrane attack complex, which creates holes in the cell membranes of bacteria, leading to their lysis (destruction).
4. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC): IgG can bind to immune cells like natural killer (NK) cells and trigger them to release substances that cause target cells (such as virus-infected or cancerous cells) to undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death).
5. Immune complex formation: IgG can form immune complexes with antigens, which can then be removed from the body through various mechanisms, such as phagocytosis by immune cells or excretion in urine.

IgG is a critical component of adaptive immunity and provides long-lasting protection against reinfection with many pathogens. It has four subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4) that differ in their structure, function, and distribution in the body.

In the field of medicine, "time factors" refer to the duration of symptoms or time elapsed since the onset of a medical condition, which can have significant implications for diagnosis and treatment. Understanding time factors is crucial in determining the progression of a disease, evaluating the effectiveness of treatments, and making critical decisions regarding patient care.

For example, in stroke management, "time is brain," meaning that rapid intervention within a specific time frame (usually within 4.5 hours) is essential to administering tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), a clot-busting drug that can minimize brain damage and improve patient outcomes. Similarly, in trauma care, the "golden hour" concept emphasizes the importance of providing definitive care within the first 60 minutes after injury to increase survival rates and reduce morbidity.

Time factors also play a role in monitoring the progression of chronic conditions like diabetes or heart disease, where regular follow-ups and assessments help determine appropriate treatment adjustments and prevent complications. In infectious diseases, time factors are crucial for initiating antibiotic therapy and identifying potential outbreaks to control their spread.

Overall, "time factors" encompass the significance of recognizing and acting promptly in various medical scenarios to optimize patient outcomes and provide effective care.

Neuroprotective agents are substances that protect neurons or nerve cells from damage, degeneration, or death caused by various factors such as trauma, inflammation, oxidative stress, or excitotoxicity. These agents work through different mechanisms, including reducing the production of free radicals, inhibiting the release of glutamate (a neurotransmitter that can cause cell damage in high concentrations), promoting the growth and survival of neurons, and preventing apoptosis (programmed cell death). Neuroprotective agents have been studied for their potential to treat various neurological disorders, including stroke, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis. However, more research is needed to fully understand their mechanisms of action and to develop effective therapies.

Antibodies, viral are proteins produced by the immune system in response to an infection with a virus. These antibodies are capable of recognizing and binding to specific antigens on the surface of the virus, which helps to neutralize or destroy the virus and prevent its replication. Once produced, these antibodies can provide immunity against future infections with the same virus.

Viral antibodies are typically composed of four polypeptide chains - two heavy chains and two light chains - that are held together by disulfide bonds. The binding site for the antigen is located at the tip of the Y-shaped structure, formed by the variable regions of the heavy and light chains.

There are five classes of antibodies in humans: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM. Each class has a different function and is distributed differently throughout the body. For example, IgG is the most common type of antibody found in the bloodstream and provides long-term immunity against viruses, while IgA is found primarily in mucous membranes and helps to protect against respiratory and gastrointestinal infections.

In addition to their role in the immune response, viral antibodies can also be used as diagnostic tools to detect the presence of a specific virus in a patient's blood or other bodily fluids.

Special Agents and support personnel. Citation: AFGE NL#918 The Protective Investigations Program was established in early 2004 ... Department of Homeland Security Federal Protective Service webpage Federal Protective Service Mega Centers Federal Protective ... Federal Protective Service Hazardous Response Program Federal Protective Service Mobile Command Posts Federal Protective ... The Federal Protective Service is a branch of the Management Directorate and a component of the DHS, functioning as the police ...
M9 Detector paper is worn to detect chemical liquid agents that a service member may brush against while in MOPP gear. It is ... Mask Only - Protective mask is carried. MOPP Ready - Protective mask is carried. First set of suit, gloves, and boots are ... Carried: Protective mask. Immediately Available: boots and gloves MOPP Level 2 - Worn: suit and boots. Carried: Protective mask ... MOPP (an acronym for "Mission Oriented Protective Posture"; pronounced "mop") is protective gear used by U.S. military ...
"Zinc Oxide - Physical UVA+UVB sunscreen/sunblock agent". smartskincare.com. Retrieved 2019-04-02. "Sun Protective Clothing". ... Some sun protective clothing manufacturers use zinc oxide in their fabrics, such as Coolibar's ZnO Suntect line, which will ... Even the UV emissions from arc welding with the use of full protective mask have been known to trigger EPP. EPP can also ... Some patients gradually build a protective layer of melanin by regularly exposing themselves for short times to ultraviolet ...
... protective and emollient agents; antibacterial and antifungal agents; and a weak anesthetic. As well as nappy rash, it can also ...
Advanced ultraviolet protective agents for textiles and clothing". Advances in Functional and Protective Textiles. The Textile ... DEA agents wearing Level B hazmat suits. Fuel spills from the gas tank as pit crew members in their PPE Apollo spacesuit worn ... Sun protective clothing aids in the avoidance of both light and harmful UV rays. There is a whole panoply of properties that ... Antimicrobial, In textiles is an application of an agent that kills microorganisms or stops their growth. Antistatic, is an ...
... an emulsifying agent for oils, waxes, and solvents; a protective coating for hygroscopic powders; a solidifier and control ... It is sometimes used as an antistaling agent in bread. It can also be used as an additive in plastic, where GMS works as an ... GMS is a food additive used as a thickening, emulsifying, anticaking, and preservative agent; ... release agent in pharmaceuticals; and a resin lubricant. It is also used in cosmetics and hair-care products. GMS is largely ...
Repeated hand washing and contact with irritant sanitising agents can result in contact dermatitis. Prevention of PPE-related ... Dermatoses induced by Personal Protective Equipment are skin lesions that occur due to the use of personal protective equipment ... When personal protective equipment is tightly worn on the face for extended periods of time, it can lead to the formation of ... Respiratory protective equipment need to be worn tightly on the face, which can lead to poor blood circulation, tissue ischemia ...
Overcoming this limitation is possible using agents that transiently suppress regulatory T cell activity. Such an agent has ... The concept of protective autoimmunity is relatively new, and it has been shadowed by the historic and yet dominant view of ... Skepticism towards protective autoimmunity has been further fueled by the general concept of the CNS as being an immune ... Protective autoimmunity is a condition in which cells of the adaptive immune system contribute to maintenance of the functional ...
A new UV protective agent". Fragr J. 32 (4): 59-64. Archived from the original on 2009-10-28. Retrieved 2008-08-01. (Webarchive ...
A Potential Cardiovascular Protective Agent". Frontiers in Pharmacology. 7: 362. doi:10.3389/fphar.2016.00362. ISSN 1663-9812. ... Studies showed that palmatine had antioxidant activity, had a protective effect on gastric ulcer, derivatives of palmatine were ... "Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of 13-n-Alkyl Berberine and Palmatine Analogues as Anticancer Agents". Molecules. 17 (10 ...
"protection of the population from newly appearing Influenzaviren." Report of the protective commission, in 2006. "highly ... pathogenic causes and biological agents." MiQ - high-class standards in the microbiological infektiologischen diagnostics (4 ...
The National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory. "Respiratory Protection Against Airborne Infectious Agents for Health ... Personal Protective Equipment Directive 89/686/EEC on Personal Protective Equipment A short guide to the Personal Protective ... Chemical burns, biological agents, and thermal agents, from sources such as welding torches and UV light, also contribute to ... Protective clothing is applied to traditional categories of clothing, and protective gear applies to items such as pads, guards ...
MSD agents use advanced combat helmets, ballistic protective glasses such as Oakleys, body armor, gas masks, radio transceivers ... MSD agents are selected from DSS agents who voluntarily want to join the specialized unit. These agents are expected to ... MSD agents are trained to use and deploy with U.S. Military weapons, including the M249, M240, and M2 machine guns, M203 and Mk ... MSD agents are also trained to use less-than-lethal weaponry include OC, or pepper spray, extendable batons and stun grenades. ...
"Mechanisms of testicular torsion and potential protective agents". Nature Reviews Urology. 11 (7): 391-399. doi:10.1038/nrurol. ... The agent of choice for this purpose is technetium-99m pertechnetate. Initially it provides a radionuclide angiogram, followed ...
Düker, A.; Kubiak, R.; Höfer, V. (2006). Stem application of plant protective agents in viticulture. Aachen, Germany: Shaker ... Aćimović, S. G. (2014). Disease Management in Apples Using Trunk Injection Delivery of Plant Protective Compounds. East Lansing ...
"Evauluating Protective Actions for Chemical Agent Emergencies" (PDF). www.emc.ed.ornl.gov. Archived from the original (PDF) on ... Unitary agents are effective on their own and do not require mixing with other agents. The most dangerous of these are nerve ... It depends upon the unique properties of the chemical agent weaponized. A lethal agent is designed to injure, incapacitate, or ... and chemical agents and breakdown products from said agents have been recently been identified in ocean sediment near ...
Other effective agents include tribendimidine and nitazoxanide. About 0.8 to 1.2 billion people globally have ascariasis, with ... Handwashing with soap may be protective; however, there is no evidence it affects the severity of the disease. Eliminating the ... Other effective agents include tribendimidine and nitazoxanide. Pyrantel pamoate may induce intestinal obstruction in a heavy ... Handwashing with soap appears protective. In areas where more than 20% of the population is affected, treating everyone at ...
BCX4430 is protective against Ebola and Marburg viruses. Such adenosine analogs are potentially clinically useful since they ... Adenosine is believed to be an anti-inflammatory agent at the A2A receptor. Topical treatment of adenosine to foot wounds in ... Because of the effects of adenosine on AV node-dependent SVTs, adenosine is considered a class V antiarrhythmic agent. When ... Antiarrhythmic agents, Chemical substances for emergency medicine, Drugs acting on the cardiovascular system, Ghrelin receptor ...
Samarghandian S, Farkhondeh T, Azimi-Nezhad M (2017). "Protective Effects of Chrysin Against Drugs and Toxic Agents". Dose- ... A Class of Promising Neuroprotective Agents for Parkinson Disease". In Brahmachari G (ed.). Discovery and Development of ... Neuroprotective Agents from Natural Products. Elsevier Science. p. 32. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-809593-5.00002-1. ISBN 978-0-12- ...
Jia, Sujie; Hu, Changping (2010). "Pharmacological effects of rutaecarpine as a cardiovascular protective agent". Molecules. 15 ...
Toxicological Agents, Including Chemical Agents, Biological Agents, and Associated Equipment XV. Spacecraft and Related ... Military Training Equipment and Training X. Personal Protective Equipment XI. Military Electronics XII. Fire Control, Range ... Incendiary Agents, and Their Constituents VI. Surface Vessels of War and Special Naval Equipment VII. Ground Vehicles VIII. ...
Eddy, B. E. (1928-05-01). "Search for Protective, Bacteriophagic and Enzymatic Agents in Pneumonic Sputums". Journal of ... Eddy readily agreed and the two women rapidly worked out the characteristics of the agent that was not referred to as a virus ... In 1962, Eddy presented evidence that the oncological agent present in the rhesus monkey kidney cell serum was capable of ... Given the preponderance of evidence, this paper drew the conclusion that the oncological agent in the rhesus monkey kidney cell ...
The information sought after is what the executive protection agents need to know to properly protect the client. Sources of ... "The Proactive Tool of Protective Intelligence". "Protective Intelligence Fundamentals and Challenges". 19 June 2018. Malone, ... Protective Intelligence (PI), is a subsection of executive protection and a type of threat assessment. PI is a proactive method ... "Protective Intelligence Investigations". www.state.gov. U.S.: United States Department of State. Archived from the original on ...
Wear gloves and protective eyewear before handling such plants. If protective clothing is not available, apply sunscreen to ... and other biological agents known to have phototoxic effects. Do not incinerate phototoxic plants and agents since this will ... If staying indoors is not an option, cover the affected area with sun protective clothing. In lieu of sun-protective clothing, ... Although media reports have suggested that eye exposure to the agent can lead to temporary or permanent blindness, the risk of ...
The weapon body is then robotically accessed to wash out the sulfur agent using water at a high pressure. The sulfur agent is ... The DPE is an encapsulated air-supplied chemical protective suit. Samples are taken at multiple stages and analyzed for any ... all of which contain a form of the chemical agent mustard gas. The depot houses 2,613 tons (2,369 metric tons) of mustard agent ... Once the mustard agent has been treated and environmental restoration is complete, the depot will be transferred to the ...
Personal protective equipment (PPE) is essential in these tasks. Examples of PPE used by zoo workers are masks, gloves, boots, ... Also, there is a risk for chemical exposure due to anesthetic agents, formaldehyde, pesticides, and disinfectants. Many of ... Using personal protective equipment properly, examining animals on a regular basis and reporting new illnesses and outbreaks to ... these hazards can be minimized using personal protective equipment. Education on proper animal care procedures is essential, ...
Con Benteen is an undercover agent for the Cattlemen's Protective Association. He heads into a lawless town to investigate a ... Benteen's cover is blown and he identified as an undercover agent. The gang restrains Benteen and leaves him tied up in a shack ...
Sobel, Harry; Marmorston, Jessie (1956-07-01). "The Possible Role of Squalene as a Protective Agent in Sebum". Cancer Research ... "The Possible Role of Squalene as a Protective Agent in Sebum" (1956, with Harry Sobel) "Effects of Long-Term Estrogen Therapy ...
"Protective Mechanisms Against the Antitumor Agent Bleomycin: Lessons From Saccharomyces Cerevisiae". Current Genetics. 43 (4): ... In a study of combining bleomycin and other medicinal agents in bladder cancer cells, results showed bleomycin induced DNA ... Although, polymyxin use as a combination therapy with other therapeutic agents is an option for further study, and considered ... Hancock, Robert E. W.; Chapple, Daniel S. (June 1999). "Peptide Antibiotics". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 43 (6): ...
Auta J, Costa E, Davis J, Guidotti A (March 2004). "Imidazenil: a potent and safe protective agent against diisopropyl ... non-sedating anticonvulsant which might be particularly useful in the treatment of poisoning with organophosphate nerve agents ...
Minnesota Protective Agent License: 1128. Counties Covered: Aitkin, Anoka, Becker, Beltrami, Benton, Big Stone, Blue Earth, ... Iowa Protective Agent License: 1434. Counties Covered: Adair, Adams, Allamakee, Appanoose, Audobon, Benton, Black Hawk, Boone, ... Wisconsin Protective Agent License: 12200. Counties Covered: Adams, Ashland, Barron, Bayfield, Brown, Buffalo, Burnett, Calumet ...
Preparation and Evaluation of the Biological Activity of Antimicrobial Agents Based on Copper and Silver Oxides Used in ... and Evaluation of the Biological Activity of Antimicrobial Agents Based on Copper and Silver Oxides Used in Protective ... The goal of this project is to rapidly develop antibacterial and antiviral agents based on various copper oxides and silver ... team intends to evaluate the biological effectiveness of antiviral agents prepared on various types of surfaces of protective ...
"Protective Agents" by people in this website by year, and whether "Protective Agents" was a major or minor topic of these ... "Protective Agents" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Protective Agents" by people in Profiles. ... Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Protective Agents". ...
This agent is not included in the DOT ERG 2004 Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances. ... A Totally-Encapsulating Chemical Protective (TECP) suit that provides protection against CBRN agents. ... Your Incident Commander will provide you with decontaminants specific for the agent released or the agent believed to have been ... INITIAL ISOLATION AND PROTECTIVE ACTION DISTANCES. *If a tank, rail car, or tank truck is involved in a fire, isolate it for ...
This agent is not included in the DOT ERG 2004 Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances. ... A Totally-Encapsulating Chemical Protective (TECP) suit that provides protection against CBRN agents. ... Your Incident Commander will provide you with decontaminants specific for the agent released or the agent believed to have been ... INITIAL ISOLATION AND PROTECTIVE ACTION DISTANCES. *If a tank, rail car, or tank truck is involved in a fire, isolate it for ...
Protective Measures. Protective measures can be taken against BW agents. These should be implemented early (if warning is ... Detection of biological agents involves either finding the agent in the environment or medical diagnosis of the agents effect ... Viral Agents. Smallpox. Variola, the causative agent of smallpox, is the most notorious of the poxviruses (family Poxviridae, ... Biological agents are relatively easy to acquire, synthesize, and use. Because only small amounts of these agents would be ...
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In-force policy correspondence will now be available to agents online. ... Protective® is a registered trademark of Protective Life Insurance Company. Protective and Protective Life refer to Protective ... Neither Protective Life nor its representatives offer legal or tax advice. When you visit Protectives websites, we may collect ... With this new digital enhancement, we will no longer mail paper copies of the correspondence noted above to agents. Agents will ...
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Risk factors for emergence of resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins among Enterobacter spp. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. ... Fluoroquinolones Protective against Cephalosporin Resistance in Gram-negative Nosocomial Pathogens On This Page ... reported a protective effect of fluoroquinolone use against the emergence of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in ... The only factor protective against isolation of a third-generation cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative pathogen was exposure ...
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  • Gather any additional information regarding history of exposure to other potentially toxic agents, including medications and alcohol. (cdc.gov)
  • The level of detail required by the divisional program will be determined by the risk of exposure to infectious agents, and for some workplace environments such as health care, also by specific legislative and industry practices. (toronto.ca)
  • All City employees, similar to other members of the public, will experience certain risks of exposure to infectious agents (e.g. exposure to seasonal influenza virus). (toronto.ca)
  • A risk assessment flow chart to assist with evaluating risk of exposure to infectious agents is included in Resource Tool Kit. (toronto.ca)
  • The purpose of the Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Program is to establish a comprehensive approach toward controlling potential accidental employee injuries on campus and to reduce/prevent exposure to specified physical hazards when/where needed. (csun.edu)
  • Before stone paving, we all suggest to protect the six sides of stone in advance: brush the stone sealant at the bottom and water-based or oil-based protective agent on the other five sides. (hsinuo.com)
  • Therefore, the stone bottom must be protected with bottom sealant or oily protective agent, and water-based protective agent cannot be used. (hsinuo.com)
  • Warwick, NY, Nov. 21, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- EV Insurance Company, Inc. dba OZOP Plus, a wholly owned subsidiary of Ozop Energy Solutions, Inc. (OZSC or the "Company") , announces Cal-Tex Protective Coatings, Inc. ("CalTex") has launched their white-labeled version of the Fully Charged Vehicle Service Contract to be marketed to their network of 4,000 automotive dealerships. (wgntv.com)
  • CalTex, a trusted name in the market, boasts a remarkable 40-year history of specialization in protective coatings for vehicles at the point of sale. (wgntv.com)
  • First Responders should use a NIOSH-certified Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear (CBRN) Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) with a Level A protective suit when entering an area with an unknown contaminant or when entering an area where the concentration of the contaminant is unknown. (cdc.gov)
  • A Totally-Encapsulating Chemical Protective (TECP) suit that provides protection against CBRN agents. (cdc.gov)
  • A hooded chemical-resistant suit that provides protection against CBRN agents. (cdc.gov)
  • Title : Proposed Update to Guideline for Isolation Precautions : Preventing Transmission of Infectious Agents in Healthcare Settings (2007), 'Protective Environment' Recommendation Personal Author(s) : Kuhar, David T. Corporate Authors(s) : National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (U.S.). Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion. (cdc.gov)
  • All work operations in which employees may be exposed to infectious agents should operate on this same premise and adopt practices accordingly. (toronto.ca)
  • The goal of this project is to rapidly develop antibacterial and antiviral agents based on various copper oxides and silver nanoparticles, alone or combined with zinc oxide, by simple and environmentally-friendly synthesis methods. (irsst.qc.ca)
  • The research team intends to evaluate the biological effectiveness of antiviral agents prepared on various types of surfaces of protective materials (cotton, cotton/polyester). (irsst.qc.ca)
  • The potential spectrum of bioterrorism ranges from hoaxes and actual use of agents by individuals or groups against others, to state-sponsored terrorism that employs biological warfare (BW) agents and delivery systems that can produce mass casualties. (medscape.com)
  • The use of biological agents is not a new concept, and history is replete with examples of biological weapons use. (medscape.com)
  • The German-American physician Anton Dilger established a secret biological laboratory in Chevy Chase, Maryland, with the intent to grow the causative agents of anthrax and glanders. (medscape.com)
  • This was the first multilateral agreement that extended prohibition of chemical agents to biological agents. (medscape.com)
  • Ricin: the next biological terror agent? (cdc.gov)
  • Creative consultancy Production Club has unveiled the Micrashell , their concept design for a personal protective suit that would allow the music, live event and nightlife communities to get going again. (core77.com)
  • Hospital Response to Chemical Terrorism: Personal Protective Equipment, Training and Operations Planning. (cdc.gov)
  • The program describes the selection, maintenance and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) at CSUN. (csun.edu)
  • The requirements of this document apply to all employees when working in conditions requiring personal protective equipment. (csun.edu)
  • working conditions that create the possibility that heat illness could occur, including air temperature, relative humidity, radiant heat from the sun and other sources, conductive heat sources such as the ground, air movement, workload severity and duration, protective clothing and personal protective equipment worn by employees. (csun.edu)
  • Because the purchase, training, use and enforcement of personal protective equipment is implemented across a cross-section of departments at CSUN, the most expedient way for a supervisor to assess the need for PPE is to examine the existing EH&S Safety and Health programs. (csun.edu)
  • Historically, personal protective equipment (PPE) had been developed from measurements taken from male military recruits in the United States during the 1950s to the 1970s [1]. (cdc.gov)
  • Research by the aerosol science community is needed to learn more about whether SARS-CoV-2 can spread by infectious aerosols and about the effectiveness of different protective measures. (cdc.gov)
  • Ticket agents wear protective masks at LaGuardia Airport in July. (dailymail.co.uk)
  • Solvay's range of additives for metalworking fluids , including high-performance emulsifiers, versatile corrosion inhibitors, phosphorus-based anti-wear agents and more, is becoming the optimal portfolio for the new generation of high-speed machining tools. (solvay.com)
  • Wear suitable protective clothing. (rage3d.com)
  • We really liked Agent 18's USB cap design because of its flexibility: unlike Apple's Sport Case, you don't need to pull the shuffle out of the case to plug it in to a computer, and the detachable lanyard gives you the option to wear or pocket the case as you like. (ilounge.com)
  • One ingredient in particular found in commercial rinse agents has a toxic effect on the gastrointestinal tract. (bariatricnews.net)
  • Therefore, in this study we investigated the possible protective effects of different extracts of pomegranate against SGD-induced PC12 cells injury. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Fortunately, an independent insurance agent can help. (trustedchoice.com)
  • Fortunately, an independent agent can help you find the right policy that meets state guidelines. (trustedchoice.com)
  • Fortunately, an independent insurance agent can find a policy to suit your needs. (trustedchoice.com)
  • Combining silica with organic additives such as fatty acid amides can offer additional performance benefits to the SYLOBLOC ® silica anti-blocking agent product line. (grace.com)
  • Federal agents raided a Culver City medical marijuana dispensary Thursday, tearing through furniture, cabinets, cash drawers and an outdoor garden in search of evidence. (latimes.com)
  • Drug Enforcement Administration agents arrived about noon at Organica Collective in the 13400 block of Washington Boulevard, where they executed a vigorous search for money, records and pot as angry employees looked on. (latimes.com)
  • Agents executed the federal search warrant on the same day that an appellate court in San Diego ruled that federal law does not preempt the state's law allowing the use of medical marijuana. (latimes.com)
  • Residue from rinse agents left behind on dishes after they are cleaned in professional-grade dishwashers, damages the natural protective layer in the gut and can contribute to the onset of chronic diseases, according to researchers working with organoids at the Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research. (bariatricnews.net)
  • In our study, we aimed to determine whether this protective effect is translated into an ecologic phenomenon by using individual patient-level data, i.e., whether fluoroquinolone use, in addition to lowering the likelihood of emergence of resistance in an individual patient, also results in reduced initial isolation of resistant strains in a given population. (cdc.gov)
  • The phenomenon of hollowing often occurs in the acceptance stage of wet pasted stones, especially the stones with protective treatment on the back, which leads to the failure of acceptance by Party A. In fact, there are many reasons for stone wet paste hollowing, but this does not mean that the reason for stone wet paste hollowing is that there is a problem in the selection of stone protective agent. (hsinuo.com)
  • What's more serious is that when the stone bottom is brushed with water-based protective agent, the water vapor in the water-based solvent is easier to return through the stone bottom, which is more likely to cause the phenomenon of alkali return and water spots in the stone. (hsinuo.com)
  • The Federal Protective Service (FPS) is a federal law enforcement agency of the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS). (wikipedia.org)
  • It differs from Level A in that it incorporates a non-encapsulating, splash-protective, chemical-resistant splash suit that provides Level A protection against liquids but is not airtight. (cdc.gov)
  • PREMIUM GUARD SB is a solvent-based protective agent that is very easy to use and provides the highest level of protection. (protym.pl)
  • First of all, we need to know that hollowing may occur when using water-based protective agent as bottom protection. (hsinuo.com)
  • Home decoration marble should first choose a composite water-based protective agent to do the bottom layer of protection-Gallery-Stone-Foshan New Fashion Building Material Co., Ltd. (fsfashionstone.com)
  • Under the Agent Agreement, CalTex's EV Complete Battery Plus, benefits from OZOP Plus's battery protection expertise. (wgntv.com)
  • Protective Effects of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (var. (nih.gov)
  • Safe use of protective clothing and equipment requires specific skills developed through training and experience. (cdc.gov)
  • The WHO has been advocating, sup- teen hospitals were se- Participants were trained on proper use of Person- porting, and strengthening national lected as reference hospi- al Protective Equipment (PPEs). (who.int)
  • Its the highest police quality, made of SOLID copper and comes in a protective zip-lock plastic bag. (coinsouvenir.com)
  • A more detailed analysis showed that one component of the rinse agent - alcohol ethoxylates - was responsible for this reaction. (bariatricnews.net)
  • Brian V. Birbiglia -- an employee and friend of the dispensary's owner, Jeff Joseph -- sat handcuffed next to DEA agents on a tattered couch outside the dispensary for more than four hours during the raid. (latimes.com)
  • Uniformed FPS officers/inspectors and special agents respond to calls for assistance, conduct investigations and provide crime prevention tips, as well as assist in emergency planning by the departments and agencies occupying the buildings for which the agency is responsible. (wikipedia.org)
  • All of Agent 18's Shields work in generally the same way. (ilounge.com)
  • Enter Agent 18, maker of good clear hard plastic cases for full-sized and mini iPods (iLounge ratings: B+ and C+) , with the new Shield 4 Shuffle. (ilounge.com)
  • reported a protective effect of fluoroquinolone use against the emergence of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in nosocomial isolates of Enterobacter ( 6 ) . (cdc.gov)
  • All told, Yahoo Sports found that three agents (Simms, Schaffer and Phillips) and three financial advisers (Rowan, Jernigan and Hodge Brahmbhatt) moved at least $45,550 to Davis between September 2011 and December 2012. (yahoo.com)
  • Found 797 gabion box Sourcing Services , gabion box Manufacturers and Sourcing Agent. (ecvv.com)
  • The agent-based approach is found to be uniquely suited for the complex adaptive sociotechnical systems that must be modelled. (hindawi.com)
  • Birbiglia found a remaining bud of marijuana that agents had missed, and he popped it into a pipe to smoke. (latimes.com)
  • The training workshops, chemical agents to harm human the first of their kind in The practical component of training included man- health have stimulated national the Eastern Mediterrane- agement of chemical and radiological and nuclear health authorities to strengthen their an Region, addressed the incidents and triage and decontamination proce- early warning and response systems. (who.int)
  • Destruction of U.S. stockpiles of chemical agents, including Lewisite, was mandated by the Chemical Weapons Convention to take place before April 2007. (cdc.gov)
  • Grace's silica portfolio includes both plain and physical blends with slip agents in integrated or melt-in form. (grace.com)
  • Combination grades consist of physical blends of plain anti-blocking silica grades with one or more slipping agents. (grace.com)
  • An independent agent can review your coverages, so you're adequately insured. (trustedchoice.com)
  • This inspired the research team under Akdis to investigate what effect the components of commercial-grade detergents and rinse agents have on the epithelial barrier in the gut - the layer of cells that lines the intestinal tract and controls what enters the body. (bariatricnews.net)
  • Two half-shells snap together to form a protective layer around the iPod save its controls and ports, which are exposed to the elements. (ilounge.com)
  • In support of their mission, FPS contracts with private security firms to provide a further 13,000 armed protective security officers (PSO) providing access control and security response within federal buildings. (wikipedia.org)
  • An independent agent has access to several markets, giving you options on coverage and premiums. (trustedchoice.com)
  • The result was that high doses of rinse agents killed the intestinal epithelial cells and lower doses made it more permeable. (bariatricnews.net)
  • Volatility of both agents is significant at high ambient temperatures. (cdc.gov)
  • When using stone protective agent, in order to avoid hollowing during stone pasting, one way to be considered is to replace the traditional cement with strong adhesive (not only applicable to ceramic tiles, but also applicable to marble and granite stones). (hsinuo.com)
  • Afterwards, there is a second 60-second washing and drying cycle in which water and a rinse agent are applied. (bariatricnews.net)
  • Get with a St. Louis Park independent agent for quotes. (trustedchoice.com)
  • Connect with an independent agent to get the correct limits. (trustedchoice.com)
  • Speak with an independent agent to make sure your business data is protected. (trustedchoice.com)
  • Discuss how to add this to your CGL with an independent agent. (trustedchoice.com)
  • Get with an independent agent to come up with creative package ideas for your company. (trustedchoice.com)
  • Speak with a St. Louis Park independent agent for further information. (trustedchoice.com)
  • Three NFL agents and a financial adviser told Yahoo Sports they provided money to former Alabama defensive end Luther Davis during a period when Davis was providing benefits to Southeastern Conference football players. (yahoo.com)
  • At the dispensary, agents left behind trash, piles of receipts, upturned couch cushions, bits of marijuana, an emptied automated teller machine and a safe that had been cut open and cleaned out. (latimes.com)
  • The Federal Protective Service is a branch of the Management Directorate and a component of the DHS, functioning as the police force of the Secretary of Homeland Security. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this study, we investigated the potential role protective of ASTA, an antioxidant marine carotenoid, in restoring physiological conditions in U937 cells stimulated with LPS (10 µg/ml). (nih.gov)
  • We review the literature regarding agent-based economics, disruptive innovation, and transition management and determine the following requirements. (hindawi.com)
  • Engineered to prevent layers of polymer or plastic films from sticking together, Grace's SYLOBLOC ® silicas are highly efficient anti-blocking agents that enhance the film's surface micro-roughness to aid in anti-blocking and anti-slipping. (grace.com)
  • Agent 18 also includes its fourth part, one small detachable clear plastic belt clip, with each set of three cases. (ilounge.com)
  • To that end, we have improved the communication process to enhance the agent experience and make doing business with us quicker and easier. (protective.com)
  • As always, we appreciate your business and look forward to continuing to enhance the agent experience. (protective.com)
  • Similar protective layers are also present on the skin and in the lungs. (bariatricnews.net)
  • Protective and Allstate are separate, independent entities and are not responsible for the legal, financial or business obligations of the other. (protective.com)