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Differential activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and p38 pathways during FTY720-induced apoptosis of T lymphocytes that is suppressed by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway. (1/714)
FTY720 is a novel immunosuppressive drug derived from a metabolite from Isaria sinclairii that is known to induce apoptosis of rat splenic T cells. In this study, we examined the intracellular signaling pathway triggered by FTY720. Treatment of human Jurkat T lymphocytes with FTY720-induced apoptosis characterized by DNA fragmentation. The same treatment induced activation of protein kinases such as c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), p38/CSBP (CSAID-binding protein), and a novel 36-kDa myelin basic protein (MBP) kinase, but not extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Pretreatment of Jurkat cells with DEVD-CHO blocked FTY720-induced DNA fragmentation as well as the activation of p38/CSBP. However, DEVD-CHO treatment failed to inhibit FTY720-induced activation of JNK and the 36-kDa MBP kinase. We have also demonstrated that activation of the ERK signaling pathway completely suppressed the FTY720-induced apoptotic process including activation of caspase 3 and activation of JNK and the 36-kDa MBP kinase. Furthermore, transient expression of constitutively active mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase (MEK) protected the cells from FTY720-induced cell death. The effect of MEK was canceled by coexpression of a mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase, CL100. These results indicate that JNK and p38 pathways are differentially regulated during FTY720-induced apoptosis and that activation of ERK pathway alone is sufficient to cancel the FTY720-induced death signal. (+info)Subtype-selective antagonism of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by felbamate: insights into the mechanism of action. (2/714)
Felbamate is an anticonvulsant used in the treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and complex partial seizures that are refractory to other medications. Its unique clinical profile is thought to be due to an interaction with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, resulting in decreased excitatory amino acid neurotransmission. To further characterize the interaction between felbamate and NMDA receptors, recombinant receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes were used to investigate the subtype specificity and mechanism of action. Felbamate reduced NMDA- and glycine-induced currents most effectively at NMDA receptors composed of NR1 and NR2B subunits (IC50 = 0.93 mM), followed by NR1-2C (2.02 mM) and NR1-2A (8.56 mM) receptors. The NR1-2B-selective interaction was noncompetitive with respect to the coagonists NMDA and glycine and was not dependent on voltage. Felbamate enhanced the affinity of the NR1-2B receptor for the agonist NMDA by 3.5-fold, suggesting a similarity in mechanism to other noncompetitive antagonists such as ifenprodil. However, a point mutation at position 201 (E201R) of the epsilon2 (mouse NR2B) subunit that affects receptor sensitivity to ifenprodil, haloperidol, and protons reduced the affinity of NR1-epsilon2 receptors for felbamate by only 2-fold. Furthermore, pH had no effect on the affinity of NR1-2B receptors for felbamate. We suggest that felbamate interacts with a unique site on the NR2B subunit (or one formed by NR1 plus NR2B) that interacts allosterically with the NMDA/glutamate binding site. These results suggest that the unique clinical profile of felbamate is due in part to an interaction with the NR1-2B subtype of NMDA receptor. (+info)A Saprolegnia parasitica challenge system for rainbow trout: assessment of Pyceze as an anti-fungal agent for both fish and ova. (3/714)
A reproducible Saprolegnia parasitica spore delivery system was developed and demonstrated to be effective in providing a sustained spore challenge for up to 10 d. Treatment of rainbow trout with slow-release intraperitoneal implants containing cortisol resulted in chronically elevated blood cortisol levels and rendered the fish susceptible to infection by S. parasitica when exposed to the spore challenge. Sham-implanted fish were not susceptible to infection. Bronopol (2-bromo-2-nitro-propane-1,3-diol), formulated as Pyceze, was effective in protecting predisposed fish from infection by S. parasitica when administered as a daily bath/flush treatment at concentrations of 15 mg l-1 and greater. Pyceze was also demonstrated to protect fertilised rainbow trout ova from S. parasitica challenge when administered as a daily bath/flush treatment at concentrations of between 30 and 100 mg l-1. Pyceze appears to qualify as a safe and effective replacement for malachite green and formalin in the prevention of fungal infections in the aquaculture environment. (+info)Development and testing of a microbiological assay to detect residual effects of disinfectant on hard surfaces. (4/714)
We describe a glucuronidase bioassay for detecting residual bactericidal activity from the use of disinfectants on hard surfaces; in this assay we used formaldehyde, ethanol, isopropanol, chlorine, and a commercial preparation containing 2-bromo-2-nitro-1, 3-propanediol. Chlorine and the commercial preparation showed bactericidal activity (53.5% and 98.2%, respectively) for a week after disinfection. (+info)Assessment of adult and neonatal reproductive parameters in Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to propylene glycol monomethyl ether vapors for two generations. (5/714)
This study evaluated propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME) in a rat 2-generation reproduction study, which included non-traditional study end points, such as sperm count and motility, developmental landmarks, estrous cyclicity, and weanling organ weights. Groups of 30 male and 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats (6-weeks-old) were exposed to 0, 300, 1000, or 3000 ppm of PGME vapors via inhalation for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week prior to mating, and 6 hours/day, 7 days/week during mating, gestation, and lactation, for 2 generations. These concentrations corresponded to estimated oral equivalent doses of 0, 396, 1325, or 3974 mg/kg/day. At 3000 ppm, toxicity in the P1 and P2 adults was marked, as evidenced by sedation during and after exposure, and mean body weights which were as much as 21% lower than controls. This marked parental toxicity was accompanied by lengthened estrous cycles, decreased fertility, decreased ovary weights, and histologic ovarian atrophy in maternal rats. In the offspring from these dams, decreased body weights, reduced survival and litter size, slight delays in puberty onset, and histologic changes in liver and thymus in the F1 and F2 offspring were observed. The nature of the reproductive/neonatal effects and their close individual animal correlation with decreased maternal body weights suggested that these effects were secondary to general toxicity and/or nutritional stress. No such reproductive/neonatal effects were observed at 1000 ppm, a concentration which caused less marked, but significant body weight effects without sedation. There were no treatment-related effects of any kind noted at 300 ppm of PGME. Therefore, the no-observable-effect level (NOEL) for reproductive/neonatal effects was 1000 ppm, and that for parental toxicity was 300 ppm. (+info)FTY720, a new immunosuppressant, promotes long-term graft survival and inhibits the progression of graft coronary artery disease in a murine model of cardiac transplantation. (6/714)
Background-Effective immunosuppression is a critical determinant of organ and patient survival in cardiac transplantation. The present study was designed to determine the potency of FTY720, a new synthesized immunosuppressant, and examine its clinical potential as an immunosuppressant. Methods and Results-Hearts of DBA/2 mice were transplanted heterotopically in C57BL/6 mice. Recipients were treated with oral FTY720 in doses of 0.3, 1, 3, or 10 mg. kg(-1). d(-1) or with 40 mg. kg(-1). d(-1) of cyclosporin A (CsA) as a comparative treatment. The median graft survival time (MST) was significantly prolonged by treatment with FTY720 10 mg. kg(-1). d(-1). MST was not prolonged by FTY720 1 mg. kg(-1). d(-1) or CsA. However, FTY720 1 mg. kg(-1). d(-1) combined with CsA 40 mg. kg(-1). d(-1) resulted in a significant prolongation of MST. Histopathological studies performed 5 days after transplantation demonstrated remarkable suppression of inflammatory response by treatment with FTY720 10 mg. kg(-1). d(-1). Interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-gamma production was not suppressed; however, cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity was strongly suppressed in vitro. In addition, IL-2-stimulated T-cell proliferation and class I and class II MHC antigen expression on IFN-gamma-stimulated macrophages were strongly inhibited by FTY720. Histopathological studies 60 days after transplantation (DBA/2-B10.D2) demonstrated a beneficial effect on graft atherosclerosis. Conclusions-FTY720 promoted long-term cardiac graft survival and strongly inhibited the progression of graft atherosclerosis. These observations suggest that FTY720 has a promising clinical potential in cardiac transplantation. (+info)Short-chain alcohols promote an early stage of membrane hemifusion. (7/714)
Hemifusion, the linkage of contacting lipid monolayers of two membranes before the opening of a fusion pore, is hypothesized to proceed through the formation of a stalk intermediate, a local and strongly bent connection between membranes. When the monolayers' propensity to bend does not support the stalk (e.g., as it is when lysophosphatidylcholine is added), hemifusion is inhibited. In contrast, short-chain alcohols, reported to affect monolayer bending in a manner similar to that of lysophosphatidylcholine, were here found to promote hemifusion between fluorescently labeled liposomes and planar lipid bilayers. Single hemifusion events were detected by fluorescence microscopy. Methanol or ethanol (1.2-1.6 w/w %) added to the same compartment of the planar bilayer chamber as liposomes caused a 5-50 times increase in the number of hemifusion events. Alcohol-induced hemifusion was inhibited by lysophosphatidylcholine. Promotion of membrane hemifusion by short-chain alcohol was also observed for cell-cell fusion mediated by influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA). Alcohol promoted a fusion stage subsequent to the low pH-dependent activation of HA. We propose that binding of short-chain alcohol to the surface of membranes promotes hemifusion by facilitating the transient breakage of the continuity of each of the contacting monolayers, which is required for their subsequent merger in the stalk intermediate. (+info)A phase I and pharmacological study of protracted infusions of crisnatol mesylate in patients with solid malignancies. (8/714)
This Phase I and pharmacological study was performed to assess the feasibility of administering the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon crisnatol in increasingly prolonged continuous i.v. infusions to patients with advanced solid malignancies. The study also sought to characterize the-principal toxicities of crisnatol on this schedule, to recommend doses for subsequent disease-directed studies, and to characterize possible associations between pharmacological parameters and toxicity. Sixteen patients were treated with 40 courses of crisnatol administered as a continuous i.v. infusion. The initial dose-schedule was 750 mg/m2/day for 6 days, and the duration of the infusion was to be progressively increased by 3-day increments to 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21. Courses were to be repeated every 4 weeks. Moderate to severe central nervous system (CNS) toxicity precluded the administration of crisnatol 750 mg/m2/day for longer than 6 days, and, therefore, the dose of crisnatol was reduced to 600 mg/m2/day. At this dose, three of five patients receiving a 12-day infusion experienced dose-limiting toxicity, which consisted of pulmonary thromboembolism (two patients) and grade 4 thrombocytopenia (one patient). None of the six patients completing a 9-day infusion at 600 mg/m2/day developed dose-limiting toxicity during the first or second course of crisnatol. At this dose level, the plasma concentrations at steady state (Css) averaged 1607.8+/-261.1 ng/ml, which exceeds minimal inhibitory concentrations for most tumors in vitro (1000 ng/ml). In fact, the administration of crisnatol at a dose of 600 mg/m2/day for 9 days resulted in the longest duration that biologically relevant plasma crisnatol concentrations have been sustained. Plasma Css values were significantly higher in patients who experienced severe CNS toxicity compared with those who did not (2465.3+/-1213.5 versus 1342+/-447.3 ng/ml; P = 0.04). There were no relationships evident between the clearance of crisnatol and indices reflecting renal and hepatic functions. One patient with a glioblastoma multiforme experienced a partial response lasting 14 months. The relative lack of intolerable CNS toxicity at the recommended dose for Phase II studies of crisnatol, 600 mg/m2/day for 9 days, as well as the magnitude of the Css values achieved and the antitumor activity observed at this dose, are encouraging. However, the mechanisms for the apparently increased thrombogenicity observed in this trial are unclear and require further elucidation. (+info)Hemoglobinuria can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
1. Blood disorders such as sickle cell disease, thalassemia, and von Willebrand disease.
2. Inherited genetic disorders such as hemophilia.
3. Autoimmune disorders such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
4. Infections such as septicemia or meningococcemia.
5. Toxins such as lead, which can damage red blood cells and cause hemoglobinuria.
6. Certain medications such as antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
7. Kidney disease or failure.
8. Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), which can occur after blood transfusions.
9. Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), a condition that occurs when red blood cells are damaged and broken down, leading to kidney failure.
The symptoms of hemoglobinuria may include:
1. Red or brown-colored urine
2. Frequent urination
3. Pale or yellowish skin
4. Fatigue
5. Shortness of breath
6. Nausea and vomiting
7. Headache
8. Dizziness or lightheadedness
9. Confusion or loss of consciousness in severe cases.
Diagnosis of hemoglobinuria is typically made through urine testing, such as a urinalysis, which can detect the presence of hemoglobin in the urine. Additional tests may be ordered to determine the underlying cause of hemoglobinuria, such as blood tests, imaging studies, or biopsies.
Treatment of hemoglobinuria depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, treatment may involve addressing the underlying condition that is causing the hemoglobinuria, such as managing an infection or stopping certain medications. Other treatments may include:
1. Fluid and electrolyte replacement to prevent dehydration and maintain proper fluid balance.
2. Medications to help remove excess iron from the body.
3. Blood transfusions to increase the number of red blood cells in the body and improve oxygen delivery.
4. Dialysis to filter waste products from the blood when the kidneys are unable to do so.
5. Supportive care, such as oxygen therapy and pain management.
In severe cases of hemoglobinuria, complications can include:
1. Kidney damage or failure
2. Septicemia (blood infection)
3. Respiratory failure
4. Heart problems
5. Increased risk of infections and other complications.
Prevention of hemoglobinuria involves managing any underlying medical conditions, such as diabetes or infections, and avoiding certain medications that can cause the condition. It is also important to seek medical attention if symptoms of hemoglobinuria develop, as early treatment can help prevent complications and improve outcomes.
Example sentence: "The patient was diagnosed with lactic acidosis secondary to uncontrolled diabetes and was admitted to the intensive care unit for proper management."
1. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs): These are side effects caused by medications, such as allergic reactions, liver damage, or other systemic problems. ADRs can be a significant cause of iatrogenic disease and can result from taking the wrong medication, taking too much medication, or taking medication for too long.
2. Infections acquired during medical procedures: Patients who undergo invasive medical procedures, such as surgeries or insertion of catheters, are at risk of developing infections. These infections can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms that enter the body through the surgical site or the catheter.
3. Surgical complications: Complications from surgery can range from minor issues, such as bruising and swelling, to more serious problems, such as infection, organ damage, or nerve injury. These complications can be caused by errors during the procedure, poor post-operative care, or other factors.
4. Medication overuse or underuse: Medications that are prescribed inappropriately or in excess can cause iatrogenic disease. For example, taking too much medication can lead to adverse drug reactions, while taking too little medication may not effectively treat the underlying condition.
5. Medical imaging complications: Medical imaging procedures, such as X-rays and CT scans, can sometimes cause iatrogenic disease. For example, excessive radiation exposure from these procedures can increase the risk of cancer.
6. Psychiatric iatrogenesis: This refers to harm caused by psychiatric treatment, such as medication side effects or inappropriate use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
7. Overdiagnosis: Overdiagnosis occurs when a condition is diagnosed that would not have caused symptoms or required treatment during the person's lifetime. This can lead to unnecessary testing, treatment, and other iatrogenic harms.
8. Unnecessary surgery: Surgical procedures that are not necessary can cause harm and increase healthcare costs.
9. Inappropriate referrals: Referring patients for unnecessary tests or procedures can lead to iatrogenic disease and increased healthcare costs.
10. Healthcare provider burnout: Burnout among healthcare providers can lead to errors, adverse events, and other forms of iatrogenic disease.
It is important to note that these are just a few examples of iatrogenic disease, and there may be other factors that contribute to this phenomenon as well. Additionally, while many of the factors listed above are unintentional, some may be due to negligence or other forms of misconduct. In all cases, it is important for healthcare providers to take steps to prevent iatrogenic disease and promote high-quality, patient-centered care.
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Propylene Glycol | ToxFAQsâ„¢ | ATSDR
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Ethylene12
- Propylene glycol breaks down at the same rate as ethylene glycol, although it does not form harmful crystals when it breaks down. (cdc.gov)
- It is used to absorb extra water and maintain Propylene glycol breaks down at the same rate as ethylene glycol, moisture in certain medicines, cosmetics, or food products. (cdc.gov)
- Ethylene Glycol Toxicosis in Animals Ethylene glycol toxicosis is often fatal and primarily affects dogs and cats, though all species are susceptible. (merckvetmanual.com)
- propylene glycol, when ingested, may be associated with a syndrome similar to the acute phase of ethylene glycol toxicosis. (merckvetmanual.com)
- Ingestion of propylene glycol may result in false-positive ethylene glycol test kit results. (merckvetmanual.com)
- Ethylene Glycol (Antifreeze) Poisoning Most ethylene glycol poisonings are associated with ingestion of radiator antifreeze. (merckvetmanual.com)
- Ethylene glycol poisoning is. (merckvetmanual.com)
- Propylene Glycol is commonly used as a substitute for Ethylene Glycol in low toxicity and environmentally safe antifreeze. (kellerheartt.com)
- When the initiator is ethylene glycol or water the polymer is linear. (aspen-dentalclinic.com)
- Polyethylene Glycol is made by polymerising ethylene glycol, the main ingredient in antifreeze solutions, and has a strong presence in the medical industry. (aspen-dentalclinic.com)
- IPG is a hybrid organic acid / propylene glycol - based antifreeze concentrate for use in those cooling systems where the use of ethylene glycol is not desirable (eg food processing, etc. (power-up.net.au)
- For ethylene glycol: Death may occur within the first 24 hours. (medlineplus.gov)
Antifreeze3
- Propylene glycol is a clear liquid used in antifreeze and deicing solutions. (cdc.gov)
- Propylene glycol is used by the chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries as an antifreeze when leakage might lead to contact with food. (kellerheartt.com)
- WebHere are a few facts about polyethylene glycol (the somewhat dangerous one): Polyethylene glycol is, in fact, used in antifreeze because it lowers the freezing In the literature, sensitizations to PEGs or macrogols, as immediate-type contact urticaria or more frequently allergic contact dermatitis are well known. (aspen-dentalclinic.com)
Toxicity4
- Aerosolized propylene glycol (PG) was generated as log-normally distributed particulate clouds in different concentrations using a novel capillary aerosol generator (CAG) and evaluated in a battery of non-clinical studies intended to assess its potential inhalation and systemic toxicity in 2 species before ICH-compliant "first-time-in-man" studies. (nih.gov)
- Treatment of toxicity includes hemodialysis to effectively remove propylene glycol. (nih.gov)
- Severe propylene glycol toxicity secondary to use of anti-epileptics. (nih.gov)
- Propylene glycol It is a viscous, colourless, and odourless liquid with low toxicity. (aspen-dentalclinic.com)
Contain Propylene Glycol1
- Foods Containing Propylene Glycol In the beverage world, soft drinks, flavored teas, powdered drink mixes and alcoholic beverages may also contain propylene glycol. (aspen-dentalclinic.com)
Colorless4
- Propylene glycol is a clear, colorless, slightly syrupy liquids at room temperature. (cdc.gov)
- Propylene glycol is a clear, colorless, slightly syrupy liquids at products, using cosmetics, or taking medicine that contains it. (cdc.gov)
- When freshly prepared, propylene glycol dinitrate is a colorless liquid with a disagreeable odor. (cdc.gov)
- PG or propylene glycol is colorless, odorless, and almost tasteless and is one of the main ingredients used in eliquids. (aspen-dentalclinic.com)
Glycerol1
- It also contains glycerol or propylene glycol (PEG), which looks like smoke when you exhale. (nih.gov)
20222
- In the past few years, the Propylene Glycol market experienced a huge change under the influence of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War, the global market size of Propylene Glycol reached 4955.8 million $ in 2022 from XXX in 2017 with a CAGR of xxx from 2017-2022. (reportsweb.com)
- Publisher predicts that the global Propylene Glycol market size will reach 7138.0 million $in 2028 with a CAGR of xx% from 2022-2028. (reportsweb.com)
Nicotine2
- In e-liquids, Propylene Glycol (PG) is used to dilute liquid nicotine and enhance flavors. (justflavorseg.com)
- Nicotine plus flavorings in a propylene glycol (PG) vehicle are the components of electronic cigarette liquids (e-liquids), which are vaporized and inhaled by the user. (cdc.gov)
Ingredient1
- Propylene Glycol is a key preservative in tobacco cigarettes, as well as a major ingredient in eLiquids and the cartridges used for E-Cigarettes. (kellerheartt.com)
Exposure3
- Frequent skin exposure to propylene glycol can sometimes irritate the skin. (cdc.gov)
- Propylene glycol is generally considered to be a safe chemical, and is not routinely tested for, unless specific exposure, such as to a medicine or cosmetic, can be linked with symptoms. (cdc.gov)
- OSHA previously had no exposure limit for propylene glycol dinitrate. (cdc.gov)
Flavors1
- Just Flavors only supplies USP Grade Propylene Glycol (PG). (justflavorseg.com)
Tasteless1
- Propylene glycol is practically odorless and tasteless. (cdc.gov)
Alcoholic beverages1
- alcoholic beverages or take products with alcohol or propylene glycol while you are taking this medication and for 3 days afterwards. (nih.gov)
Distributor2
- ChemWorld is also a distributor of dipropylene glycol and other specialty chemicals. (chemworld.com)
- Hawkins Is A Key Biobased Propylene Glycol Supplier & Distributor. (hawkinsinc.com)
19971
- 1997. Toxicological Profile for Propylene Glycol . (cdc.gov)
Inhibitors1
- Treatment of propylene glycol toxicosis is largely supportive-the use of alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitors is not indicated. (merckvetmanual.com)
Concentrations1
- In humans, eight-hour exposures to 0.2 ppm or higher concentrations of propylene glycol dinitrate resulted in visual distortion and headache (Stewart, Peterson, Newton et al. (cdc.gov)
Substances1
- If you work in an industry that uses propylene glycol or products containing propylene glycol, you could be exposed by breathing or touching these substances. (cdc.gov)
Renewable2
- These fully-formulated, propylene glycol-based products are manufactured from 100% renewable bio-based feedstock. (chempoint.com)
- This production method results in a significant reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and non-renewable energy consumption during the manufacturing process over conventionally made propylene glycol. (chempoint.com)
Alcohol1
- beverages or take products that contain alcohol or propylene glycol while you are taking secnidazole and for 2 days after your final dose. (nih.gov)
Specification1
- It is the most economical way of purchasing Propylene Glycol, but in those cases where the specification calls for premixed glycol, please visit our other site where we listed diluted forms of Premixed Propylene Glycol . (chemworld.com)
Dose2
Organic1
- Propylene glycol alginate is used in cold drinks, pharmaceuticals and other products for emulsification, thickening and stabilization, and is an excellent organic health product. (sdlookchem.com)
Commonly2
- Propylene glycol is a commonly used solvent for oral, intravenous, and topical pharmaceutical preparations. (nih.gov)
- Since Propylene Glycol is used to lower the freezing point of water, it's commonly used as a de-icer for airport runways and aircraft. (kellerheartt.com)
Vivo2
- The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a sustained propylene glycol administration to recipients of frozen/thawed in vivo derived bovine embryos. (asturias.es)
- Ex vivo (human skin) and in vivo (minipig) permeation of propylene glycol applied as topical crisaborole ointment, 2. (bvsalud.org)
Bulk2
- Browse all the Propylene Glycol in Supaul on our website and place your bulk orders with us. (ryan-international.in)
- As an eminent Propylene Glycol Dealer and Wholesaler in Supaul , we are available a phone call and click away to meet your bulk orders. (ryan-international.in)
Severe1
- New evidence demonstrates more clearly that it is possible to develop severe immediate hypersensitivity to macrogols, of which the most familiar form to most physicians is polyethylene glycol (PEG) 3350. (aspen-dentalclinic.com)
Flavorings1
- The Food and Drug Administration has classified propylene glycol as "generally recognized as safe," which means that it is acceptable for use in flavorings, drugs, and cosmetics, and as a direct food additive. (cdc.gov)
Food6
- The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has classified propylene glycol as an additive that is "generally recognized as safe" for use in food. (cdc.gov)
- You can be exposed to propylene glycol by eating food products, using cosmetics, or taking medicine that contains it. (cdc.gov)
- Propylene glycol alginate can be used as food additive for emulsification, stabilization, foaming and thickening of food, and it is widely used in food, medicine and daily chemical industry. (sdlookchem.com)
- Propylene glycol from Keller Heartt is food safe and certain varieties can also be certified Kosher. (kellerheartt.com)
- It's approved for food applications (GRAS) and is the first propylene glycol to meet United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and USDA certified biobased product label standards. (hawkinsinc.com)
- Chill-Pro Propylene Glycol is GRAS and meets FCC specifications for use in food plants. (hawkinsinc.com)
Chemical1
- The majority of Propylene Glycol is used as chemical feedstock, during the production of unsaturated polyester resins - which produce sheet molding, printer toner and fiberglass wall panels. (kellerheartt.com)
Products2
- It may exist in air in the vapor form, although ` If you work in an industry that uses propylene glycol or propylene glycol must be heated or briskly shaken to produce products containing propylene glycol, you could be exposed by a vapor. (cdc.gov)
- People with Propylene-glycol allergy have a hypertensive reaction to all the above products and any other product with PG or even products manufactured by the same machine. (aspen-dentalclinic.com)
Liquid1
- Propylene glycol is a synthetic liquid substance that absorbs water. (kellerheartt.com)
Acid4
- Propylene glycol increases the amount of acid in the body. (cdc.gov)
- Mixture of the propylene glycol mono- and diesters of lauric (dodecanoic) acid. (imcdgroup.com)
- Propylene glycol alginate has strong acid resistance, but poor alkaline resistance, and the viscosity is stable in pH3-4 for a long time. (sdlookchem.com)
- Propylene glycol alginate has colloidal properties, but because there is propylene glycol group in the molecule, it is lipophilic and has good emulsification stability, so it is often used in lactic acid drinks, juice milk drinks and other foods with low pH range. (sdlookchem.com)
Health5
- This fact sheet answers the most frequently asked health questions about about propylene glycol. (cdc.gov)
- How can propylene glycol affect my health? (cdc.gov)
- The Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), and the EPA have not classified propylene glycol for carcinogenicity. (cdc.gov)
- About half of the propylene glycol that enters the air will The Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), the break down in 24-50 hours. (cdc.gov)
- No comments except those from NIOSH were received on the health effects of propylene glycol dinitrate. (cdc.gov)
Solution1
- XIKAR PG solution (propylene glycol) is manufactured to our exact specifications. (xikar.com)
Diet1
- In cats, ingestion of a diet containing 6%-12% propylene glycol can result in Heinz body formation and decreased RBC survival. (merckvetmanual.com)
Oral3
- The oral LD 50 of propylene glycol in dogs is ~9 mL/kg. (merckvetmanual.com)
- Heifers were treated with oral propylene glycol for the last 20 days before embryo transfer (n ¼ 142), and untreated as controls (n ¼ 133). (asturias.es)
- We reported an anaphylaxis after oral intake and contact urticaria due to polyethylene glycols. (aspen-dentalclinic.com)
Form2
- It may exist in air in the vapor form, although propylene glycol must be heated or briskly shaken to produce a vapor. (cdc.gov)
- We always suggest purchasing Propylene Glycol in concentrated form. (chemworld.com)
Solutions1
- Propylene glycol is also used to make polyester compounds and as a base for de-icing solutions. (kellerheartt.com)
Made1
- Propylene glycol alginate is made from alginate extracted from natural seaweed by deep processing. (sdlookchem.com)
Make1
- Show This to Your Doctor: Proof of Glycol Allergies, 11 Ways to Make Your Life With Glycol Allergies Easier, Resources for Finding Trade Names & Synonyms, Is it PEG? (aspen-dentalclinic.com)
Effect2
- Thus, propylene glycol improved pregnancy rates after embryo-transfer, and progesterone, insulin and insulin-like-growth factor-I are probably involved in this effect. (asturias.es)
- Propylene glycol alginate has emulsifying property due to the presence of lipophilic group in the molecule, so it has unique foam stabilizing effect. (sdlookchem.com)
Manufacturer1
- As an experienced propylene glycol alginate (PGA) manufacturer and supplier. (sdlookchem.com)
Test1
- Is there a medical test to determine whether I have been exposed to propylene glycol? (cdc.gov)
Market2
- Facing the complicated international situation, the future of the Propylene Glycol market is full of uncertain. (reportsweb.com)
- We are well-recognized in the market for delivering premium quality Propylene Glycols that we source from reliable platforms. (ryan-international.in)
Treatment1
- As with other contact allergies, once propylene glycol has been identified as a culprit allergen, education and avoidance are the cornerstone of treatment. (aspen-dentalclinic.com)
Days1
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), and the ` It will break down within several days to a week in water and EPA have not classified propylene glycol for carcinogenicity. (cdc.gov)
Source1
- For a reliable, consistent source of inhibited, biobased propylene glycol contact Hawkins for a propylene glycol quote. (hawkinsinc.com)
Group1
- Part of the carboxyl group of alginate is esterified by propylene glycol (more than 90%), while the remaining 10% of the carboxyl group is free or neutralized by alkali. (sdlookchem.com)