Propolis. Medical search

A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Other plants called broom include CYTISUS; SPARTIUM; and BROMUS.

The medical use of honey bee products such as BEE VENOM; HONEY; bee pollen; PROPOLIS; and royal jelly.

An antimicrobial, antiseptic, and disinfectant that is used also as an aromatic essence and preservative in pharmaceutics and perfumery.

A class of phenolic acids related to chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, etc., which are found in plant tissues. It is involved in plant growth regulation.

Insect members of the superfamily Apoidea, found almost everywhere, particularly on flowers. About 3500 species occur in North America. They differ from most WASPS in that their young are fed honey and pollen rather than animal food.

A sweet viscous liquid food, produced in the honey sacs of various bees from nectar collected from flowers. The nectar is ripened into honey by inversion of its sucrose sugar into fructose and glucose. It is somewhat acidic and has mild antiseptic properties, being sometimes used in the treatment of burns and lacerations.

Dentifrices that are formulated into a paste form. They typically contain abrasives, HUMECTANTS; DETERGENTS; FLAVORING AGENTS; and CARIOSTATIC AGENTS.

Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.

Substances that prevent infectious agents or organisms from spreading or kill infectious agents in order to prevent the spread of infection.

Application of a protective agent to an exposed pulp (direct capping) or the remaining thin layer of dentin over a nearly exposed pulp (indirect capping) in order to allow the pulp to recover and maintain its normal vitality and function.

A species of gram-positive bacteria isolated from MILK and cheese-starter cultures.

An acid which is found in cinchona bark and elsewhere in plants. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that has long been used in folk medicine for treating wounds.

Death of pulp tissue with or without bacterial invasion. When the necrosis is due to ischemia with superimposed bacterial infection, it is referred to as pulp gangrene. When the necrosis is non-bacterial in origin, it is called pulp mummification.

A white powder prepared from lime that has many medical and industrial uses. It is in many dental formulations, especially for root canal filling.

A plant genus of the family Aloeaceae, order Liliales (or Asphodelaceae, Asparagales in APG system) which is used medicinally. It contains anthraquinone glycosides such as aloin-emodin or aloe-emodin (EMODIN).

Hydroxycinnamic acid and its derivatives. Act as activators of the indoleacetic acid oxidizing system, thereby producing a decrease in the endogenous level of bound indoleacetic acid in plants.

Dental procedure in which the entire pulp chamber is removed from the crown and roots of a tooth.

Chemicals used mainly to disinfect root canals after pulpectomy and before obturation. The major ones are camphorated monochlorophenol, EDTA, formocresol, hydrogen peroxide, metacresylacetate, and sodium hypochlorite. Root canal irrigants include also rinsing solutions of distilled water, sodium chloride, etc.

Examination of the mouth and teeth toward the identification and diagnosis of intraoral disease or manifestation of non-oral conditions.

A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE best known for the thyme spice added to foods.

A group of phenyl benzopyrans named for having structures like FLAVONES.

An abnormal passage in the oral cavity on the gingiva.

Benzoate derivatives substituted by one or more hydroxy groups in any position on the benzene ring.

Use of plants or herbs to treat diseases or to alleviate pain.

Dental procedure in which part of the pulp chamber is removed from the crown of a tooth.

Dentin formed by normal pulp after completion of root end formation.

A group of FLAVONOIDS characterized with a 4-ketone.

The result of pathological changes in the hard tissue of a tooth caused by carious lesions, mechanical factors, or trauma, which render the pulp susceptible to bacterial invasion from the external environment.

The act of cleaning teeth with a brush to remove plaque and prevent tooth decay. (From Webster, 3d ed)

Tissue surrounding the apex of a tooth, including the apical portion of the periodontal membrane and alveolar bone.

Benzene derivatives that include one or more hydroxyl groups attached to the ring structure.

A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE. Members contain iridoid glycosides and ANTHRAQUINONES.

Materials used in DENTAL PULP CAPPING or PULPECTOMY.

The space in a tooth bounded by the dentin and containing the dental pulp. The portion of the cavity within the crown of the tooth is the pulp chamber; the portion within the root is the pulp canal or root canal.

Drugs used to protect against ionizing radiation. They are usually of interest for use in radiation therapy but have been considered for other, e.g. military, purposes.

The ability of fungi to resist or to become tolerant to several structurally and functionally distinct drugs simultaneously. This resistance phenotype may be attributed to multiple gene mutations.

Agents that produce a soft formed stool, and relax and loosen the bowels, typically used over a protracted period, to relieve CONSTIPATION.

A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.

A substituted carcinogenic nitrosamine.

The property of dentin that permits passage of light, heat, cold, and chemical substances. It does not include penetration by microorganisms.

A large class of organic compounds having more than one PHENOL group.

A resinous substance obtained from beehives that is used traditionally as an antimicrobial. It is a heterogeneous mixture of many substances.

Substances which reduce or eliminate dentinal sensitivity or the pain associated with a source of stimulus (such as touch, heat, or cold) at the orifice of exposed dentinal tubules causing the movement of tubular fluid that in turn stimulates tooth nerve receptors.

A richly vascularized and innervated connective tissue of mesodermal origin, contained in the central cavity of a tooth and delimited by the dentin, and having formative, nutritive, sensory, and protective functions. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)

A polysaccharide-producing species of STREPTOCOCCUS isolated from human dental plaque.

Antibacterial used topically in burn therapy.

A red yeast-like mitosporic fungal genus generally regarded as nonpathogenic. It is cultured from numerous sources in human patients.

A mitosporic fungal genus causing opportunistic infections, endocarditis, fungemia, a hypersensitivity pneumonitis (see TRICHOSPORONOSIS) and white PIEDRA.

Substances that are destructive to protozoans.

Herbaceous biennial plants and their edible bulbs, belonging to the Liliaceae.

Created 7 April 1992 as a result of the division of Yugoslavia.

Preparatory activities in ROOT CANAL THERAPY by partial or complete extirpation of diseased pulp, cleaning and sterilization of the empty canal, enlarging and shaping the canal to receive the sealing material. The cavity may be prepared by mechanical, sonic, chemical, or other means. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p1700)

Mixtures of many components in inexact proportions, usually natural, such as PLANT EXTRACTS; VENOMS; and MANURE. These are distinguished from DRUG COMBINATIONS which have only a few components in definite proportions.

Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).

Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.

A country in northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Libya and the Gaza Strip, and the Red Sea north of Sudan, and includes the Asian Sinai Peninsula Its capital is Cairo.

Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard the oxidation of a substance to which it is added. They counteract the harmful and damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues.

The concentration of a compound needed to reduce population growth of organisms, including eukaryotic cells, by 50% in vitro. Though often expressed to denote in vitro antibacterial activity, it is also used as a benchmark for cytotoxicity to eukaryotic cells in culture.

Adherent debris produced when cutting the enamel or dentin in cavity preparation. It is about 1 micron thick and its composition reflects the underlying dentin, although different quantities and qualities of smear layer can be produced by the various instrumentation techniques. Its function is presumed to be protective, as it lowers dentin permeability. However, it masks the underlying dentin and interferes with attempts to bond dental material to the dentin.

1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A derivative of sorbitol in which the hydroxyl group in position 1 is replaced by a methylamino group. Often used in conjunction with iodinated organic compounds as contrast medium.

Tests that demonstrate the relative effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents against specific parasites.

Any of the various plants of the genus Lactuca, especially L. sativa, cultivated for its edible leaves. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)

Infections with bacteria of the genus PASTEURELLA.

A genotoxicological technique for measuring DNA damage in an individual cell using single-cell gel electrophoresis. Cell DNA fragments assume a "comet with tail" formation on electrophoresis and are detected with an image analysis system. Alkaline assay conditions facilitate sensitive detection of single-strand damage.

Compounds based on CHALCONE. They are important intermediates in the formation of FLAVONOIDS.

The application of high intensity ultrasound to liquids.

Colloids formed by the combination of two immiscible liquids such as oil and water. Lipid-in-water emulsions are usually liquid, like milk or lotion. Water-in-lipid emulsions tend to be creams. The formation of emulsions may be aided by amphiphatic molecules that surround one component of the system to form MICELLES.

The washing of a body cavity or surface by flowing water or solution for therapy or diagnosis.

A parasitic hemoflagellate of the subgenus Leishmania leishmania that infects man and animals including rodents. The Leishmania mexicana complex causes both cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS) and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (LEISHMANIASIS, DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS) and includes the subspecies amazonensis, garnhami, mexicana, pifanoi, and venezuelensis. L. m. mexicana causes chiclero ulcer, a form of cutaneous leishmaniasis (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS) in the New World. The sandfly, Lutzomyia, appears to be the vector.

Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.

Inflammation of gum tissue (GINGIVA) without loss of connective tissue.

Superficial infections of the skin or its appendages by any of various fungi.

Substances that destroy fungi by suppressing their ability to grow or reproduce. They differ from FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL because they defend against fungi present in human or animal tissues.

A complex sulfated polymer of galactose units, extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum, Gracilaria confervoides, and related red algae. It is used as a gel in the preparation of solid culture media for microorganisms, as a bulk laxative, in making emulsions, and as a supporting medium for immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis.

Substances that influence the course of a chemical reaction by ready combination with free radicals. Among other effects, this combining activity protects pancreatic islets against damage by cytokines and prevents myocardial and pulmonary perfusion injuries.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

The hard portion of the tooth surrounding the pulp, covered by enamel on the crown and cementum on the root, which is harder and denser than bone but softer than enamel, and is thus readily abraded when left unprotected. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)

Colloids with a solid continuous phase and liquid as the dispersed phase; gels may be unstable when, due to temperature or other cause, the solid phase liquefies; the resulting colloid is called a sol.

Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of glucose from a nucleoside diphosphate glucose to an acceptor molecule which is frequently another carbohydrate. EC 2.4.1.-.

A film that attaches to teeth, often causing DENTAL CARIES and GINGIVITIS. It is composed of MUCINS, secreted from salivary glands, and microorganisms.

Solutions having the same osmotic pressure as blood serum, or another solution with which they are compared. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed & Dorland, 28th ed)

Separation of a mixture in successive stages, each stage removing from the mixture some proportion of one of the substances, for example by differential solubility in water-solvent mixtures. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Preclinical testing of drugs in experimental animals or in vitro for their biological and toxic effects and potential clinical applications.

A unicellular budding fungus which is the principal pathogenic species causing CANDIDIASIS (moniliasis).

Organic compounds containing the carboxy group (-COOH). This group of compounds includes amino acids and fatty acids. Carboxylic acids can be saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic.

Electron microscopy in which the ELECTRONS or their reaction products that pass down through the specimen are imaged below the plane of the specimen.

The preparation, mixing, and assembling of a drug. (From Remington, The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19th ed, p1814)

Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue.

The fertilizing element of plants that contains the male GAMETOPHYTES.

Methods of investigating the effectiveness of anticancer cytotoxic drugs and biologic inhibitors. These include in vitro cell-kill models and cytostatic dye exclusion tests as well as in vivo measurement of tumor growth parameters in laboratory animals.

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

A technique for maintaining or growing TISSUE in vitro, usually by DIFFUSION, perifusion, or PERFUSION. The tissue is cultured directly after removal from the host without being dispersed for cell culture.

Quaternary salts derived from tetrazoles. They are used in tests to distinguish between reducing sugars and simple aldehydes, for detection of dehydrogenase in tissues, cells, and bacteria, for determination of corticosteroids, and in color photography. (From Mall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed, p455)

Potentially pathogenic bacteria found in nasal membranes, skin, hair follicles, and perineum of warm-blooded animals. They may cause a wide range of infections and intoxications.

Specialized arterial vessels in the umbilical cord. They carry waste and deoxygenated blood from the FETUS to the mother via the PLACENTA. In humans, there are usually two umbilical arteries but sometimes one.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.

The physical phenomena describing the structure and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes.

The study of CHEMICAL PHENOMENA and processes in terms of the underlying PHYSICAL PHENOMENA and processes.

Formerly known as Siam, this is a Southeast Asian nation at the center of the Indochina peninsula. Bangkok is the capital city.

Endothelial cells that line venous vessels of the UMBILICAL CORD.

Anti-inflammatory agents that are non-steroidal in nature. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, they have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions.They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis accounts for their analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions; other mechanisms may contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects.

The action of a drug in promoting or enhancing the effectiveness of another drug.

All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.

Endogenous or exogenous substances which inhibit the normal growth of human and animal cells or micro-organisms, as distinguished from those affecting plant growth (= PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS).

Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.

The testing of materials and devices, especially those used for PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; SUTURES; TISSUE ADHESIVES; etc., for hardness, strength, durability, safety, efficacy, and biocompatibility.

Woody, usually tall, perennial higher plants (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, and some Pterophyta) having usually a main stem and numerous branches.

Fractionation of a vaporized sample as a consequence of partition between a mobile gaseous phase and a stationary phase held in a column. Two types are gas-solid chromatography, where the fixed phase is a solid, and gas-liquid, in which the stationary phase is a nonvolatile liquid supported on an inert solid matrix.

The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth.

Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

The dialdehyde of malonic acid.

Liquids that dissolve other substances (solutes), generally solids, without any change in chemical composition, as, water containing sugar. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.

Enumeration by direct count of viable, isolated bacterial, archaeal, or fungal CELLS or SPORES capable of growth on solid CULTURE MEDIA. The method is used routinely by environmental microbiologists for quantifying organisms in AIR; FOOD; and WATER; by clinicians for measuring patients' microbial load; and in antimicrobial drug testing.

Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)

A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).

A spectroscopic technique in which a range of wavelengths is presented simultaneously with an interferometer and the spectrum is mathematically derived from the pattern thus obtained.

Agents and endogenous substances that antagonize or inhibit the development of new blood vessels.

A species of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria commonly isolated from clinical specimens (wound, burn, and urinary tract infections). It is also found widely distributed in soil and water. P. aeruginosa is a major agent of nosocomial infection.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

Divisions of the year according to some regularly recurrent phenomena usually astronomical or climatic. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A spiral bacterium active as a human gastric pathogen. It is a gram-negative, urease-positive, curved or slightly spiral organism initially isolated in 1982 from patients with lesions of gastritis or peptic ulcers in Western Australia. Helicobacter pylori was originally classified in the genus CAMPYLOBACTER, but RNA sequencing, cellular fatty acid profiles, growth patterns, and other taxonomic characteristics indicate that the micro-organism should be included in the genus HELICOBACTER. It has been officially transferred to Helicobacter gen. nov. (see Int J Syst Bacteriol 1989 Oct;39(4):297-405).

One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.

The termination of the cell's ability to carry out vital functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, responsiveness, and adaptability.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

A disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to potential damage. Indicators of oxidative stress include damaged DNA bases, protein oxidation products, and lipid peroxidation products (Sies, Oxidative Stress, 1991, pxv-xvi).

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Antipsoriatic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects of an extract of red propolis. (1/151)

AIM: To study the antipsoriatic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects of ethanolic extract of red propolis. METHODS AND RESULTS: This extract induced the formation of granular layer in the mouse tail test used as a model of psoriasis. Propolis 50 mg.kg-1 i.g. showed anti-inflammatory activity in the cotton-pellet granuloma assay in rats, in croton oil-induced edema in mice at a dose of 25% (2.5 microL), and in the peritoneal capillary permeability test in mice at a dose of 10 mg.kg-1. The extract (25 mg.kg-1 i.g.) showed analgesic effect in the model of acetic acid-induced writhings, whereas 40 mg.kg-1 was effective in the hot plate test in mice. CONCLUSION: Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipsoriatric properties of Cuban red propolis were evident. (+info)

Isolation and structures of two new compounds from the essential oil of Brazilian propolis. (2/151)

Two new and seven known compounds, including terpenoids and aromatic compounds, were isolated from the essential oil of Brazilian propolis. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated as 2,2-dimethyl-8-prenyl-6-vinylchromene (1) and 2,6-diprenyl-4-vinylphenol (2) on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. (+info)

Two novel long-chain alkanoic acid esters of lupeol from alecrim-propolis. (3/151)

Two new long-chain alkanoic acid esters of lupeol were isolated together with known triterpenoids, alpha-amyrin, beta-amyrin, cycloartenol, lanosta-7,24-diene-3beta-ol and lupeol from Alecrim-propolis collected in Brazil. The structures were characterized by spectroscopic means. (+info)

Effects of compounds found in propolis on Streptococcus mutans growth and on glucosyltransferase activity. (4/151)

Propolis, a resinous bee product, has been shown to inhibit the growth of oral microorganisms and the activity of bacterium-derived glucosyltransferases (GTFs). Several compounds, mainly polyphenolics, have been identified in this natural product. The present study evaluated the effects of distinct chemical groups found in propolis on the activity of GTF enzymes in solution and on the surface of saliva-coated hydroxyapatite (sHA) beads. Thirty compounds, including flavonoids, cinnamic acid derivatives, and terpenoids, were tested for the ability to inhibit GTFs B, C, and D from Streptococcus mutans and GTF from S. sanguinis (GTF Ss). Flavones and flavonols were potent inhibitors of GTF activity in solution; lesser effects were noted on insolubilized enzymes. Apigenin, a 4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone, was the most effective inhibitor of GTFs, both in solution (90.5 to 95% inhibition at a concentration of 135 microg/ml) and on the surface of sHA beads (30 to 60% at 135 microg/ml). Antibacterial activity was determined by using MICs, minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs), and time-kill studies. Flavanones and some dihydroflavonols, as well as the sesquiterpene tt-farnesol, inhibited the growth of S. mutans and S. sobrinus; tt-farnesol was the most effective antibacterial compound (MICs of 14 to 28 microg/ml and MBCs of 56 to 112 microg/ml). tt-Farnesol (56 to 112 microg/ml) produced a 3-log-fold reduction in the bacterial population after 4 h of incubation. Cinnamic acid derivatives had negligible biological activities. Several of the compounds identified in propolis inhibit GTF activities and bacterial growth. Apigenin is a novel and potent inhibitor of GTF activity, and tt-farnesol was found to be an effective antibacterial agent. (+info)

The effect of herbal remedies on the production of human inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. (5/151)

BACKGROUND: Some herbal remedies are sold as food additives and are believed to have immune-enhancing properties. OBJECTIVES: To study the effect of five herbal remedies--Sambucol Black Elderberry Extract, Sambucol Active Defense Formula and Sambucol for Kids (with known antiviral properties), Protec and Chizukit N (containing propolis and Echinacea, claimed to be immune enhancers)--on the production of cytokines, one of the main components of the immune system. METHODS: The production of four inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and IL-6 and IL-8) and one anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) was tested using blood-derived monocytes from 12 healthy donors. RESULTS: The Sambucol preparations increased the production of five cytokines (1.3-6.2 fold) compared to the control. Protec induced only a moderate production of IL-8 (1.6 fold) and IL-10 (2.3 fold) while Chizukit N caused only a moderate increase in IL-10 production (1.4 fold). Both Protec and Chizukit N caused moderate decreases in IL-1 beta, TNF alpha and IL-6 production. Lipopolysaccharide, a known activator of monocytes, induced the highest levels of cytokine production (3.6-10.7 fold). CONCLUSIONS: The three Sambucol formulations activate the healthy immune system by increasing inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines production, while the effect of Protec and Chizukit N is much less. Sambucol could therefore have immunostimulatory properties when administered to patients suffering from influenza (as shown before), or immunodepressed cancer or AIDS patients who are receiving chemotherapy or other treatments. (+info)

Anti-herpes simplex virus effect of an aqueous extract of propolis. (6/151)

BACKGROUND: Propolis, a natural product from beehives, comprises a complex of chemicals, the most important group being flavinoids, which play a role in antiviral protection. OBJECTIVES: To test the inhibitory effect of propolis extract against herpes simplex viruses in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: In vitro: propolis was added to Vero cells at various times and concentrations before, at or after infection with HSV-1. In vivo: the effect of propolis was tested in newborn rats infected s.c. or i.p. and on rabbit come as infected with HSV-1. RESULTS: In vitro: 0.5% propolis extract caused 50% inhibition of HSV infection. There was indirect evidence for a strong interaction between the propolis extract and the surface of the Vero cells, but there was no direct interaction with HSV-1 particles. Administration of propolis before or at the time of infection yielded the most significant inhibitory effect, but even when 10% propolis extract was added 2 hours post-infection it gave 80-85% protection. In vivo: as little as 5% propolis prevented the appearance and development of symptoms of local and i.p. HSV-1 infection in rats and of corneal HSV-1 infection in rabbits. There were no cytotoxic effects at a concentration of 10% in vitro or 20% in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: The potent antiviral activity of propolis against HSV-1 infection in vitro and In vivo is probably due to prevention of virus absorption into the host cells and/or inhibition of an internal step(s) during the viral replication cycle. (+info)

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) analogues: potent nitric oxide inhibitors from the Netherlands propolis. (7/151)

The MeOH and water extracts of the Netherlands propolis were tested for their inhibitory activity toward nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine macrophage-like J774.1 cells. Both of the extract possessed significant NO inhibitory activity with IC(50) values of 23.8 and 51.5 microg/ml, respectively. Then 13 phenolic compounds obtained from the MeOH extract showing stronger NO inhibition were examined on their NO inhibitory activities. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) analogues, i.e., benzyl caffeate, CAPE and cinnamyl caffeate, possessed most potent NO inhibitory activities with IC(50) values of 13.8, 7.64 and 9.53 microM, respectively, which were two- to four-fold stronger than the positive control N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA; IC(50), 32.9 microM). Further study on the synthetic analogues of CAPE revealed that both of 3-phenylpropyl caffeate (18; IC(50), 7.34 microM) and 4-phenylbutyl caffeate (19; IC(50), 6.77 microM) possessed stronger NO inhibitory activity than CAPE (10) and that elongation of alkyl side chain of alcoholic parts of caffeic acid esters enhance the NO inhibitory activity. In addition, it was found that CAPE analogues having longer carbon chain (>C(5)) in alcoholic part showed toxic effects toward J774.1 cells. This NO inhibitory effect may directly correlate with antiinflammatory properties of the Netherlands propolis. (+info)

Effect of a novel type of propolis and its chemical fractions on glucosyltransferases and on growth and adherence of mutans streptococci. (8/151)

Flavonoids have been considered the main biologically active components in propolis. However, a new variety of flavonoid-free propolis was recently found and chemically classified as type 6. Because it showed activity against oral microorganisms, this study evaluated the effects of the crude ethanolic extract of this propolis and its chemical fractions on the activity of purified glucosyltransferases (GTFs) and on the growth and adherence of mutans streptococci. The inhibitory effect of propolis extracts on GTF activities was determined either in solution or adsorbed onto saliva-coated hydroxyapatite. Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt 1600, Streptococcus sobrinus 6715, and two clinical isolates of each species were used for antibacterial assays. Susceptibilities to the test extracts were analyzed using the agar diffusion method and by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC); the effect on bacterial adherence to a glass surface was also assessed. The activity of GTFs in solution was effectively inhibited by the ethanolic extract of propolis type 6 (EEP) (>80% inhibition at 0.5 mg/ml), hexane, and chloroform fractions (60-90% inhibition at 100 microg/ml); their inhibitory effects on surface enzymes were less pronounced. The EEP, hexane, and chloroform fractions also showed significant antibacterial activity. The data showed that propolis type 6 remarkably reduced GTF activity and inhibited mutans streptococci growth and adherence; these biological activities are associated with its nonpolar components. (+info)

The symptoms of dental pulp necrosis can include:

* Toothache pain that is often severe and throbbing
* Sensitivity to hot or cold foods and drinks
* Swelling and redness in the gum tissue near the affected tooth
* A bad taste or smell in the mouth
* Discharge of pus from the gums near the affected tooth

If left untreated, dental pulp necrosis can lead to more serious complications such as an abscessed tooth, bone loss, and even sepsis. Treatment options for dental pulp necrosis include root canal therapy, extraction of the affected tooth, or antibiotic therapy if the infection has spread beyond the tooth.

It is important to seek professional dental care if you experience any symptoms of dental pulp necrosis to prevent further complications and maintain good oral health.

The primary symptoms of dental fistula include:

* A small opening on the skin near the affected tooth or teeth, which may be covered with a scab or crust.
* Pus or discharge draining from the opening.
* Swelling in the nearby tissues, including the face, neck, and jaw.
* Bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth.
* Fever and swollen lymph nodes.
* Pain or tenderness in the affected tooth or teeth.

Dental fistula can be diagnosed by a dentist or an oral surgeon through a physical examination of the affected area. Additional tests such as X-rays or CT scans may be required to determine the extent of the condition and to rule out other potential causes.

Treatment for dental fistula usually involves draining the abscess and removing any infected tissue. Antibiotics may also be prescribed to prevent further infection. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair damaged tissues or to remove teeth that are beyond repair.

Preventive measures include regular dental check-ups, good oral hygiene practices such as brushing and flossing, and avoiding sugary snacks and drinks that can contribute to tooth decay. Early detection and treatment of any oral infections can help prevent the development of a dental fistula.

Secondary dentin formation is a normal process that occurs in response to various stimuli, such as mechanical trauma, caries, or root canal treatment. The new layer of dentin helps to protect the pulp from further damage and can also help to strengthen the tooth.

In endodontic therapy, secondary dentin formation is often encouraged in order to prevent further inflammation and promote healing of the pulp. This can be achieved through various techniques, such as using specific medicaments or applying a special type of filling material called a "dentin-bonding agent."

Secondary dentin formation can also occur spontaneously over time, without any specific treatment. However, this process can be influenced by factors such as the severity of the injury, the presence of bacteria, and the overall health of the individual.

Treatment options for dental pulp exposure depend on the severity of the condition, but may include a root canal, pulpotomy, or extraction of the affected tooth.

The term "Sarcoma 180" was coined by a German surgeon named Otto Kunkel in the early 20th century. He described this type of cancer as a highly malignant tumor that grows slowly but is resistant to treatment with surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

The exact cause of Sarcoma 180 is not known, but it is believed to be linked to genetic mutations and exposure to certain chemicals or radiation. The disease typically affects middle-aged adults and is more common in men than women.

The symptoms of Sarcoma 180 can vary depending on the location of the tumor, but they may include pain, swelling, redness, and limited mobility in the affected area. If left untreated, the cancer can spread to other parts of the body and be fatal.

Treatment for Sarcoma 180 usually involves a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. In some cases, amputation of the affected limb may be necessary. The prognosis for this disease is generally poor, with a five-year survival rate of less than 50%.

In summary, Sarcoma 180 is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that affects connective tissue and has a poor prognosis. It is important for medical professionals to be aware of this condition and its symptoms in order to provide proper diagnosis and treatment.

The presence of a smear layer has been associated with delayed healing, increased risk of infection, and decreased strength of the newly formed tissue. Therefore, removing or reducing the smear layer is an important step in wound care to promote optimal healing outcomes.

The term "smear layer" was first introduced by Dr. Jeffrey M. Olsen and colleagues in 2007, and since then it has been widely adopted in the medical field as a key concept in wound care.

Pasteurella infections are more common in people who work closely with animals, such as veterinarians, farm workers, and pet owners. The bacteria can enter the body through open wounds, cuts, or abrasions, and it can cause a variety of illnesses, including:

1. Pasteurellosis: A respiratory infection caused by Pasteurella multocida, which is common in dogs and cats. It can be transmitted to humans through close contact with infected animals.
2. Pneumonia: A type of lung infection that can be caused by Pasteurella multocida, especially in people with weakened immune systems or pre-existing respiratory conditions.
3. Sinusitis: An infection of the sinuses, which are air-filled cavities in the skull, can be caused by Pasteurella multocida.
4. Cellulitis: A bacterial infection of the skin and underlying tissue that can be caused by Pasteurella multocida.
5. Endocarditis: An infection of the inner lining of the heart, which is rare but can be caused by Pasteurella multocida.

The symptoms of Pasteurella infections can vary depending on the type of infection and the severity of the illness. Common symptoms include fever, cough, difficulty breathing, chills, headache, and fatigue. In severe cases, Pasteurella infections can lead to life-threatening complications such as sepsis or meningitis.

Diagnosis of Pasteurella infections typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests, including blood cultures, chest X-rays, and CT scans. Treatment usually involves antibiotics to eradicate the bacteria, as well as supportive care to manage symptoms and prevent complications.

Prevention of Pasteurella infections primarily involves avoiding contact with animals that may carry the bacteria, as well as good hygiene practices such as handwashing and covering wounds. In some cases, antibiotics may be prescribed to prevent infection in high-risk individuals, such as those with weakened immune systems or pre-existing respiratory conditions.

Overall, while Pasteurella infections are rare, they can be serious and potentially life-threatening. It is important to seek medical attention promptly if symptoms persist or worsen over time, especially in high-risk individuals.

Gingivitis can be treated with good oral hygiene practices, such as brushing and flossing regularly, and by visiting a dentist for regular check-ups and professional cleanings. If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a more severe form of gum disease that can lead to permanent damage and tooth loss.

Some common symptoms of gingivitis include:

* Red and swollen gums
* Bleeding during brushing or flossing
* Bad breath
* Tenderness or pain in the gums
* A decrease in the amount of saliva

Treatment for gingivitis typically involves a combination of good oral hygiene practices and professional dental care. This may include:

* Regular brushing and flossing to remove plaque and bacteria from the teeth
* Professional cleanings ( scaling and root planing) to remove plaque and tartar from the teeth
* Antibiotics to treat any underlying infections
* Changes to diet and lifestyle to reduce the risk of further irritation to the gums.

It's important to note that while gingivitis is a mild form of gum disease, it can still have serious consequences if left untreated. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices are essential for preventing and treating gingivitis.

Also found in: Medical, Encyclopedia.

Examples from the web for 'dermatomycoses'

Some common types of dermatomycoses include athlete's foot and jock itch.

Scientific American, 25 Mar. 2019.

Topical antifungal medications are effective against most types of dermatomycoses.

Britannica.com: encyclopedia article about dermatomycoses.

This condition is caused by a type of fungus that affects the skin, known as dermatomycoses.

Mayo Clinic, 01 Mar. 2020.

Plaque is a key risk factor for dental caries (tooth decay) and periodontal disease, which can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. In addition, research suggests that there may be a link between oral bacteria and certain systemic diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes. Therefore, maintaining good oral hygiene practices, such as regular brushing and flossing, is essential to prevent the accumulation of plaque and promote overall health.

1) They share similarities with humans: Many animal species share similar biological and physiological characteristics with humans, making them useful for studying human diseases. For example, mice and rats are often used to study diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer because they have similar metabolic and cardiovascular systems to humans.

2) They can be genetically manipulated: Animal disease models can be genetically engineered to develop specific diseases or to model human genetic disorders. This allows researchers to study the progression of the disease and test potential treatments in a controlled environment.

3) They can be used to test drugs and therapies: Before new drugs or therapies are tested in humans, they are often first tested in animal models of disease. This allows researchers to assess the safety and efficacy of the treatment before moving on to human clinical trials.

4) They can provide insights into disease mechanisms: Studying disease models in animals can provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of a particular disease. This information can then be used to develop new treatments or improve existing ones.

5) Reduces the need for human testing: Using animal disease models reduces the need for human testing, which can be time-consuming, expensive, and ethically challenging. However, it is important to note that animal models are not perfect substitutes for human subjects, and results obtained from animal studies may not always translate to humans.

6) They can be used to study infectious diseases: Animal disease models can be used to study infectious diseases such as HIV, TB, and malaria. These models allow researchers to understand how the disease is transmitted, how it progresses, and how it responds to treatment.

7) They can be used to study complex diseases: Animal disease models can be used to study complex diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. These models allow researchers to understand the underlying mechanisms of the disease and test potential treatments.

8) They are cost-effective: Animal disease models are often less expensive than human clinical trials, making them a cost-effective way to conduct research.

9) They can be used to study drug delivery: Animal disease models can be used to study drug delivery and pharmacokinetics, which is important for developing new drugs and drug delivery systems.

10) They can be used to study aging: Animal disease models can be used to study the aging process and age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. This allows researchers to understand how aging contributes to disease and develop potential treatments.

Neoplasm refers to an abnormal growth of cells that can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Neoplasms can occur in any part of the body and can affect various organs and tissues. The term "neoplasm" is often used interchangeably with "tumor," but while all tumors are neoplasms, not all neoplasms are tumors.

Types of Neoplasms

There are many different types of neoplasms, including:

1. Carcinomas: These are malignant tumors that arise in the epithelial cells lining organs and glands. Examples include breast cancer, lung cancer, and colon cancer.
2. Sarcomas: These are malignant tumors that arise in connective tissue, such as bone, cartilage, and fat. Examples include osteosarcoma (bone cancer) and soft tissue sarcoma.
3. Lymphomas: These are cancers of the immune system, specifically affecting the lymph nodes and other lymphoid tissues. Examples include Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
4. Leukemias: These are cancers of the blood and bone marrow that affect the white blood cells. Examples include acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
5. Melanomas: These are malignant tumors that arise in the pigment-producing cells called melanocytes. Examples include skin melanoma and eye melanoma.

Causes and Risk Factors of Neoplasms

The exact causes of neoplasms are not fully understood, but there are several known risk factors that can increase the likelihood of developing a neoplasm. These include:

1. Genetic predisposition: Some people may be born with genetic mutations that increase their risk of developing certain types of neoplasms.
2. Environmental factors: Exposure to certain environmental toxins, such as radiation and certain chemicals, can increase the risk of developing a neoplasm.
3. Infection: Some neoplasms are caused by viruses or bacteria. For example, human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common cause of cervical cancer.
4. Lifestyle factors: Factors such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and a poor diet can increase the risk of developing certain types of neoplasms.
5. Family history: A person's risk of developing a neoplasm may be higher if they have a family history of the condition.

Signs and Symptoms of Neoplasms

The signs and symptoms of neoplasms can vary depending on the type of cancer and where it is located in the body. Some common signs and symptoms include:

1. Unusual lumps or swelling
2. Pain
3. Fatigue
4. Weight loss
5. Change in bowel or bladder habits
6. Unexplained bleeding
7. Coughing up blood
8. Hoarseness or a persistent cough
9. Changes in appetite or digestion
10. Skin changes, such as a new mole or a change in the size or color of an existing mole.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Neoplasms

The diagnosis of a neoplasm usually involves a combination of physical examination, imaging tests (such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans), and biopsy. A biopsy involves removing a small sample of tissue from the suspected tumor and examining it under a microscope for cancer cells.

The treatment of neoplasms depends on the type, size, location, and stage of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. Some common treatments include:

1. Surgery: Removing the tumor and surrounding tissue can be an effective way to treat many types of cancer.
2. Chemotherapy: Using drugs to kill cancer cells can be effective for some types of cancer, especially if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
3. Radiation therapy: Using high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells can be effective for some types of cancer, especially if the cancer is located in a specific area of the body.
4. Immunotherapy: Boosting the body's immune system to fight cancer can be an effective treatment for some types of cancer.
5. Targeted therapy: Using drugs or other substances to target specific molecules on cancer cells can be an effective treatment for some types of cancer.

Prevention of Neoplasms

While it is not always possible to prevent neoplasms, there are several steps that can reduce the risk of developing cancer. These include:

1. Avoiding exposure to known carcinogens (such as tobacco smoke and radiation)
2. Maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle
3. Getting regular exercise
4. Not smoking or using tobacco products
5. Limiting alcohol consumption
6. Getting vaccinated against certain viruses that are associated with cancer (such as human papillomavirus, or HPV)
7. Participating in screening programs for early detection of cancer (such as mammograms for breast cancer and colonoscopies for colon cancer)
8. Avoiding excessive exposure to sunlight and using protective measures such as sunscreen and hats to prevent skin cancer.

It's important to note that not all cancers can be prevented, and some may be caused by factors that are not yet understood or cannot be controlled. However, by taking these steps, individuals can reduce their risk of developing cancer and improve their overall health and well-being.

Bees seal the beehive with propolis to protect the colony from the elements, such as rain and cold winter drafts. Propolis ... Look up propolis in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. "Propolis" . New International Encyclopedia. 1905. (CS1 Chinese-language ... A tincture of propolis may be used to seal the surface of newly made violin family bridges, and may be used in the maintenance ... Propolis or bee glue is a resinous mixture that honey bees produce by mixing saliva and beeswax with exudate gathered from tree ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propolis

Propolis angulosa Propolis farinosa Propolis hillmanniana Propolis lecanora Propolis leonis Propolis lugubris Propolis ... "Taxonomic studies in the Phacidiales: Propolis and Propolomyces". Mycotaxon. 5 (1): 320-30. "Synonymy: Propolis". Species ... Propolis is a genus of fungi in the family Rhytismataceae. The genus contains about 14 species. This is not to be confused with ... bee propolis, also known as 'bee glue', which is a byproduct of an active beehive and is not a fungus. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propolis_(fungus)

hive , Propolis is a science fiction and dystopian novel by Daniel D.W. and the first volume of The Hive Transmedia Project. ... Propolis follows nine-year-old Samantha Plessis, as she witnesses her family opt into beta testing this new product to receive ... Parker uploads a sedative called "propolis" you are a smile Samantha/Camellia Plessis is a nine-year-old girl from southern New ... A game-changer for all future literature." "hive , Propolis," includes a new and unique twist with dynamic scannable QR codes ...

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When the apartment was opened to visitors, fiction and reality appeared superimposed". Pro Polis (1993) was Haeussler's first ... Pro Polis. Lenbachhaus, München/Mailand: Goethe Institut Mailand and Städtische Galerie. Kingwell, 2007 (Kumlehn, 1995) Die ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_Häussler

Although propolis is alleged to have health benefits (tincture of propolis is marketed as a cold and flu remedy), it may cause ... Propolis is a resinous mixture collected by honey bees from tree buds, sap flows or other botanical sources, which is used as a ... Propolis is also used in wood finishes, and gives a Stradivarius violin its unique red color. Royal jelly is a honey bee ... "Propolis:MedlinePlus Supplements". U.S. National Library of Medicine. January 19, 2012. Gambichler T; Boms S; Freitag M (April ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_honey_bee

Although propolis is alleged to have health benefits (tincture of Propolis is marketed as a cold and flu remedy), it may cause ... Propolis is also used in wood finishes, and gives a Stradivarius violin its unique red color. Royal jelly is a honey bee ... "Propolis:MedlinePlus Supplements". U.S. National Library of Medicine. 19 January 2012. Gambichler T; Boms S; Freitag M (April ... Simone-Finstrom, Michael; Spivak, Marla (May-June 2010). "Propolis and bee health: The natural history and significance of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honey_bee

"Propolis:MedlinePlus Supplements". U.S. National Library of Medicine. 19 January 2012. Archived from the original on 30 June ... Beekeepers collect honey, beeswax, propolis, pollen, and royal jelly from hives; bees are also kept to pollinate crops and to ... They also produce some substances used as dietary supplements with possible health benefits, pollen, propolis, and royal jelly ... propolis, beeswax and apitoxin (Bee venom). The claim that apitherapy treats cancer, which some proponents of apitherapy make, ...

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World Propolis Science Forum. 27 January 2012. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 September 2013. Apiacta ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apimondia

More recently, she has begun studying the role of resins, which bees collect and mix with wax to make propolis coatings on the ... "Tech Teams - Bee Informed Partnership". Spivak, Marla (March 2013). "The Benefits of Propolis" (PDF). Bee Craft Magazine. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marla_Spivak

1936), and Propolis hillmanniana Kirschst. (1935). Hillmann, J. (1935). "Teloschistaceae". Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Krytogamen-Flora ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Hillmann

Royal jelly, bee pollen and propolis. Sauerkraut. Sea vegetables. Umeboshi. Frozen bee pollen, a human food supplement Kimchi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specialty_food

El-Ashry ESH, Ahmad TA; Ahmad TA (2012). "The use of propolis as vaccine's adjuvant". Vaccine. 31 (1): 31-39. doi:10.1016/j. ... propolis (only in preclinical studies), Adjuvant 65 (based on peanut oil. Adjuvant 65 was tested in influenza vaccines in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunologic_adjuvant

Pollen, beeswax, and propolis are also produced. Beekeepers provide pollination services to horticulturalists, which generates ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture_in_New_Zealand

El-Ashry ESH, Ahmad TA; Ahmad TA (2012). "The use of propolis as vaccine's adjuvant". Vaccine. 31 (1): 31-39. doi:10.1016/j. ... Ahmad, Ahmad TA; Rammah; Sheweita; Haroun; El-Sayed (2018). "The enhancement of the Pasteurella's bacterin by propolis extracts ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteurella

It contains royal jelly and propolis extracts. While originally sold as a medical health drink with carbonation added, the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oronamin_C

Propolis exhibits notable antibacterial and antiviral properties. The pharmacological properties of propolis are dependent on a ... This substance called propolis also has favorable mechanical properties and is used by T. iridipennis to protect its nest from ... iridipennis gathers propolis to reinforce its nest, people have harvested it and discovered it to have a wide spectrum of ... "Anticancer Activity of Indian Stingless Bee Propolis: An In Vitro Study". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetragonula_iridipennis

"Ingredient Fact Sheet: Propolis - Tom's of Maine". Tom's of Maine. 302 Lafayette Center, Kennebunk, ME, 04043. Archived from ... At Tom's of Maine, the propolis we use is harvested carefully, ensuring that no bees are harmed in the process.{{cite web}}: ... While most of the company's products are vegan, some products contain propolis and/or beeswax sourced from bees. The company ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom's_of_Maine

New developments in propolis chemical diversity studies (since 2000) In: N. Orsolich & I. Basic (Eds), Scientific Evidence of ... Chemical diversity of propolis and the problem of standardization. J. Ethnopharmacol. 100 (1-2), 114-117 (2005). V. Bankova, B ... She is known as a propolis expert. She graduated from the University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy in 1977. She ... Chemical profiles of different propolis types in relation to their biological activity. In: T. Farooki and A. Farooki, Eds., ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vassya_Bankova

They do make abundant use of propolis. One or two sentry bees are always present at the entrance of the hive. If the colony is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apis_mellifera_iberiensis

Propolis can be collected on special plastic propolis screens. The tendency of the bees is to use propolis as a glue to seal ... The propolis screen can be frozen which hardens the propolis. Once the propolis is frozen it can be easily knocked off and ... Propolis is another byproduct of the bee hive. Certain races of bees are more prone to using propolis. ... A propolis screen is usually put in place of an inner cover. It has small openings that are propolized by the bees. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hive_management

Petty, Tawana Honeycomb (2017-06-10). Petty Propolis Reader: My Personal and Political Evolution. CreateSpace Independent ... and has led to the book Petty Propolis Reader. Towards Humanity: Shifting the Culture of Anti-racism Organizing 2011 Spirit of ... The organization she leads for this work is called Petty Propolis, which also offers anti-racism training, organizes a yearly ... and founder of Petty Propolis. In light of police brutality against black individuals, Petty and other researchers like Deborah ...

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Some beekeepers will also harvest (before uncapping the honey) the propolis, a resinous material bees gather to glue the frames ... together; propolis is used for its supposed medicinal properties. Once uncapped, the frames are then placed in a honey ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honey_extraction

Spooner BM (1990). "Coccomyces and Propolis (Rhytismatales) from Mt Kinabalu, Borneo". Kew Bulletin. 45 (3): 451-84. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccomyces_dentatus

Bosio K; Avanzini C; D'Avolio A; Ozino O; Savoia D (2000). "In vitro activity of propolis against Streptococcus pyogenes". ... It is an antioxidant found in damiana, honey, fingerroot, and propolis. Pinocembrin can be converted biosynthetically to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinocembrin

... creates propolis with plant secretions, saliva, and wax. It seals the nest but also has significant ... The propolis from S. postica reduces production of pocornavirus 64-fold, production of influenza virus 32-fold, and production ... Antviral effects of scaptotrigona postica propolis and their fractions. 5th Congress of the Brazilian Biotechnology Society. ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scaptotrigona_postica

Mellitiosporium Corda Naemacyclus Phragmiticola Sherwood Propolina Propolis Ramomarthamyces "Marthamycetaceae". www.gbif.org. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marthamycetaceae

Pollen, beeswax, and propolis are also produced and exported. Beekeepers provide pollination services to horticulturists, which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beekeeping_in_New_Zealand

From bees, they get honey, pollen, wax and propolis. Toledo, V. M. (2016-08-02). "La madre de todas las batallas". La Jornada: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuojtakiloyan

These include The Wardrobe Ensemble, Propolis Theatre and INKBLOC ensemble. Some of their other projects include Firebird, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bristol_Old_Vic

... is used for green propolis production. The Plant List, Baccharis dracunculifolia DC. Cabrera, A. L. ... the main botanical source of Brazilian green propolis, displays antiulcer activity". J Pharm Pharmacol. 59 (4): 603-8. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baccharis_dracunculifolia

Propolis is a resin-like material made by bees from the buds of poplar and cone-bearing trees. Bees use it to build hives, and ... Propolis Balsam, Propolis Cera, Propolis dAbeille, Propolis Resin, Propolis Wax, Red Propolis, Résine de Propolis, Russian ... Acide de Cire dAbeille, Baume de Propolis, Bee Glue, Bee Propolis, Beeswax Acid, Brazilian Green Propolis, Brazilian Propolis ... Brown Propolis, Cire dAbeille Synthétique, Cire de Propolis, Colle dAbeille, Green Propolis, Hive Dross, Pénicilline Russe, ...

https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/390.html

ATHOMER PROPOLIS- nasal decongestant spray. To receive this label RSS feed. Copy the URL below and paste it into your RSS ... ATHOMER PROPOLIS- nasal decongestant spray. If this SPL contains inactivated NDCs listed by the FDA initiated compliance action ...

https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=b34ce02d-9932-6700-e053-2a95a90ad4a6&audience=professional

Whether its help with enhancing their marketing strategy or working through a specific challenge, Propolis members can save an ... Seven Experts are on hand for Propolis members to access at any time offering impartial, trusted advice that is tailored to ... Seven Experts are on hand for Propolis members to access at any time offering impartial, trusted advice that is tailored to ... Whether its help with enhancing their marketing strategy or working through a specific challenge, Propolis members can save an ...

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... who used purified propolis and propolis saturated with anti-inflammatory trace metals, respectively applied locally and by ... Alternatives:Bee propolis for dental hygiene. What Doctors Dont Tell You2 min read ... In a study carried out in Poland, 50 people with colds treated with propolis had symptoms for an average of 2.5 times shorter ... stomach ulcers, as shown by a study wherein a propolis ethanol extract prevented damage to the stomach lining (Am J Chin Med, ...

https://healthy.net/2006/07/02/alternativesbee-propolis-for-dental-hygiene/

Propolis ... Balsam, Propolis Cera, Propolis dAbeille, Propolis Resin, Propolis Wax, Red Propolis, Résine de Propolis, Russian ...

http://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v:project=medlineplus&query=MENTHOL+OR+PROPOLIS+WAX

Propolis has a 5000-year history. This then becomes bee propolis. What is Bee Propolis Bee Propolis is a natural remedy that ... Forever Bee Propolis Včelí propolis . Bee Propolis Liquid. Fortified with royal jelly, Forever Bee Propolis is an excellent way ... forever Bee propolis is a forever Bee propolis the body to fight infections: Bee forever bee propolis dosage the! Power of pure ... Forever Bee Propolis is gathered from pollution-free regions using specially designed bee propolis collectors. Propolis may ...

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Bee Propolis Extract. Bee Propolis contains antioxidant polyphenols traditionally used to support the immune system.* ... Shop Jarrow Formulas supplements with Bee Propolis. ...

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... propolis and royal jelly. These natural substances have several uses, for both bees and humans, as foods, sealants, lubricants ... Bee Products: Beeswax, Bee Pollen, Propolis No authors listed. Free Books & Documents Show details Display options Display ... Propolis is a mixture of beeswax and other oils and resins collected by bees and used in construction of the bee hive and in ... Bee Products: Beeswax, Bee Pollen, Propolis No authors listed In: LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35593876

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35593876

Does Bee Propolis Have Healing Properties?. Also, browse our large selection of articles and products available at VitaNet®, ... VitaNet Search Tags: Propolis, Healing, Blog Search tags:. Deleted, article, Propolis, Healing, Properties, ...

https://vitanetonline.com/forums/1/Thread/2254

This review describes the beneficial effects of propolis on metabolic disorders. ... Propolis is a natural product resulting from the mixing of bee secretions with botanical exudates. Since propolis is rich in ... Effects of Propolis Extract and Propolis-Derived Compounds on Obesity and Diabetes: Knowledge from Cellular and Animal Models. ... Substances : Bee Propolis : CK(548) : AC(208). Diseases : Advanced Glycation End products (AGE) : CK(440) : AC(176), Diabetic ...

https://greenmedinfo.com/article/review-describes-beneficial-effects-propolis-metabolic-disorders

Place a little Propolis Ointment on the affected area. ... The antiseptic and healing qualities of propolis may help ... Our Propolis Ointment 25g is made using propolis collected from our own hives, plus our own honey and beeswax. ... The antiseptic and healing qualities of propolis may help wounds and burns to heal. Place a little Propolis Ointment on the ... beeswax and propolis creams and balms that will treat your skin well. ...

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Propolis benefits the immune system & skin. In Stock. ... Bee Health Propolis Liquid provides pure propolis with nothing ... Bee Health Propolis Liquid contains a natural substance collected by honey bees from buds and trees. Propolis benefits those ... Manuka Honey Elixir With Propolis. Manuka Honey Elixir With Propolis is a herbal formulation designed to provide temporary ... Directions: As a food supplement, Internal use: Can be used to drink or gargle, 4-5 drops of propolis tincture in half a glass ...

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By mixing beeswax with tree resin, the bees produce propolis, a waxy substance that keeps intruders out of the hive and defends ... How Propolis Can Help Bees are such industrious creatures. Not only do they create their own food, but they also make their own ... What is propolis?. Like they collect nectar for honey, bees gather resins from plants to create propolis. And just as honey ... Propolis as human medicine. Ancient cultures knew about the power of propolis 2500 years ago and it has been heralded as ...

https://savannahbee.com/blogs/the-latest-buzz/bee-healthy-how-propolis-can-help

Photographer propolis from Berlin-Halensee, Germany [fc-user:1272909] - WICHTIG : DIE FC hat mein Profilfoto und meine hier ... propolis - Photos & images - Photographer from Berlin-Halensee, Germany , fotocommunity propoliss profile - Photographer ... propolis from Berlin-Halensee, Germany [fc-user:1272909] - WICHTIG : DIE FC hat mein Profilfoto und meine hier verlink ...

https://www.fotocommunity.com/user_photos/1272909?folder_id=533521

Brazilian propolis ingestion suppressed these increases. MGO and/or propolis exerted no effect on the accumulation of AGEs, ... Ingestion of Brazilian propolis showed no effect on this change in EDL muscles but tended to increase the weight of the soleus ... The activity of glyoxalase 1 was not affected by MGO, but was enhanced by Brazilian propolis in EDL muscles. MGO treatment ... Mice were divided into four groups: (1) Normal diet + drinking water, (2) Brazilian propolis (0.1%)-containing diet + drinking ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/8/10/439

Propolis is a naturopathic honeybee product, and CAPE (caffeic acid phenethyl ester), i … ... Propolis is a naturopathic honeybee product, and CAPE (caffeic acid phenethyl ester), is a major medicinal component of ... Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), derived from a honeybee product propolis, exhibits a diversity of anti-tumor effects in ... propolis. CAPE, in a concentration dependent fashion, inhibits MCF-7 (hormone receptor positive, HR+) and MDA-231 (a model of ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21570765/

SKINFOOD Royal Honey Propolis Essence: rated 4 out of 5 on MakeupAlley. See 6 member reviews and photos. ...

https://www.makeupalley.com/products/191932/reviews?page=1

Hydrate and relieve stressed skin with our natural mask specially blended with propolis extract, natural honey, nourishing ... Our unique formula includes propolis extract, made by bees to protect their hives, as well as naturally nourishing honey to ... johns wort) extract, hydrolyzed wheat protein, glycerin, propolis extract, phosphatidylcholine, bentonite, glyceryl caprylate ...

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... , is rich in amino acids, minerals & vitamins, supports the immune system, circulation, and help ... Buy NOW Propolis Plus Extract, 2oz from NOW, at Discount, all vitamins, nutritional supplements, PayPal Available. ... Propolis Plus Extract Vegetarian - 2 oz.. This improved formula now contains a Bee Propolis Extract that yields 20% more ... Today, propolis is used in the manufacture of cosmetics, creams, lozenges and ointments and is being looked at as a dental ...

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Honey (2355) Propolis (1734) Bee Venom (1002) Apitherapy and Beekeeping (1000) Royal Jelly (724) Bee-Collected Pollen (622) ... Propolis, Bee Venom May Help Treat Schistosomiasis Effect of bee venom or proplis on molecular and parasitological aspects of ...

https://apitherapy.blogspot.com/2016/07/propolis-bee-venom-may-help-treat.html

Propolis has been used in folk medicine for a very long time. The many compounds present in propolis require investigation. ... Propolis has been used in folk medicine for a very long time. The many compounds present in propolis require investigation. ... Propolis chemical composition has been correlated with plant diversity around the beehive (5,61). In general, raw propolis is ... Review of the biological properties and toxicity of bee propolis (propolis). Food Chem. Toxicol., 1998, 36, 347-63. ...

https://www.scielo.br/j/jvat/a/CtzgSFfX5xCCc5gtv5DMVRp/?lang=en

I just bought some propolis freshly harvested from my local bee keeper. I ate some of it and had the hardest time getting the ... Wax and propolis. by Kelleen (Colorado) I just bought some propolis freshly harvested from my local bee keeper. I ate some of ... This is the nature of raw propolis Kelleen. It is safe, it is just waxy by nature. Consider using a tincture instead. It wont ... Bee Propolis Propolis Articles:. *What is Propolis?. *Top 10 Benefits of Propolis ...

https://www.bee-pollen-buzz.com/wax-and-propolis.html

Home » Posts tagged with » propolis Beekeepers Notes October 2016: Natural Healing From The Hive Hugh Coakley keeps bees in ... In the latest of his monthly notes, he talks about propolis, the little known substance in the hive but with well documented ...

https://guildford-dragon.com/tag/propolis/

ApiHealth New Zealand Propolis liquid extract (15% ) manufactured in an alcohol free base. Propolis is sourced from New Zealand ... Every 25ml bottle of Propolis extract (alcohol free base) contains:. - Pure New Zealand Propolis 15 % w/w. - Propylene Glycol ... Antioxidant Potential of Propolis, Bee Pollen, and Royal Jelly: Possible Medical Application. Joanna Kocot et al. Oxidative ... Propolis and Its Potential to Treat Gastrointestinal Disorders., Luisa Mota da Silva et al., Evidence-Based Complementary and ...

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Our propolis extract is processed from the highest quality propolis in a whole grain alcohol so that every nutrient of propolis ... Propolis Extract 50% (1 gallon). Propolis Extract 50% (1 gallon) has a rating of stars based on reviews. ... Our propolis extract is processed from the highest quality propolis in a non-GMO, organic whole grain alcohol so that every ... WARNING: For those with allergies to propolis, we recommend consulting your heath care professional before consuming propolis. ...

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Fun fact: Did you know… a daily serve of Comvita Immune Bee™ Propolis contains flavonoid levels similar to 8 cups of spinach? ... This means that every serve of Immune Bee™ Propolis is guaranteed to contain the exact measure of pure flavonoids as stated on ... For every batch of propolis that we make, we test to ensure at least 8 potent flavonoids (antioxidants) are present including ... Gram for gram, when tested under laboratory conditions, the natural antioxidant capability of Comvita Immune Bee™ Propolis ...

https://www.comvita.com/propolis-natural-immune

Propolis supports your bodys natural immune system - its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antiseptic. Made by ... honey bees, propolis contains plant and tree resins which are high in flavonoids. Flavonoids are a group of chemicals ... Propolis Tablets are a convenient way to take propolis on a regular basis. ... Propolis Tablets are a convenient way to take propolis on a regular basis. Propolis supports your bodys natural immune system ...

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Ohhiras Propolis PLUS Dr. Ohhiras Propolis PLUS. Dr. Ohhiras Propolis PLUS® Brazilian Green Propolis + Probiotic Support + ... Ohhiras Propolis PLUS® is AVA Vegetarian certified and combines a unique and consistently potent Brazilian green propolis with ... Ohhiras Propolis PLUS - 1 Box (120 Capsules) - FREE SHIPPING (First Class Mail- US Only) $129.95 $103.96 ... Propolis PLUS® is ideal for those who have multiple health goals including: joint comfort, immune support, healthy nervous ...

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What is bee propolis?. Propolis is the sticky material which leaks from the buds of particular trees. The bees gather this as ... propolis forever, on the other hand, has all the necessary nutrients needed by our body, varying from the important vitamins to ... Propolis and also bee pollen handling are just 2 of the outstanding bee supplements that are really essential for human intake ... The bee propolis has abundant disinfectant, antibiotic, anti-bacterial, antifungal, and antiviral homes. It is often utilized ...

https://www.ncwatercolor.net/2019/a-simple-guide-to-buy-the-forever-bee-propolis.htm

Effects of Propolis Extract and Propolis-Derived Compounds on Obesity and Diabetes: Knowledge from Cellular and Animal Models. (greenmedinfo.com)
Our unique formula includes propolis extract, made by bees to protect their hives, as well as naturally nourishing honey to revitalize and transform the skin's texture. (lather.com)
Propolis Plus Extract Vegetarian - 2 oz. (supervits.com)
This improved formula now contains a Bee Propolis Extract that yields 20% more Propolis Resins per serving. (supervits.com)
ApiHealth New Zealand Propolis liquid extract (15% ) manufactured in an alcohol free base. (apihealth.com)
Propolis Extract 50% (1 gallon) has a rating of stars based on reviews. (stakich.com)
Our propolis extract is processed from the highest quality propolis in a non-GMO, organic whole grain alcohol so that every nutrient of propolis is fully preserved and extracted into the alcohol. (stakich.com)
They all contained ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) and were influenced by different dosage forms . (bvsalud.org)
Methods: The agar diffusion test and the disc method were used for the following substances: (n = 19) propolis dry extract at 5% and 10%, chlorhexidine (positive control) and propylene glycol (negative control). (bvsalud.org)
Conclusion: The propolis extract suspension at 5% and 10% in propylene glycol did not present antimicrobial activity in vitro against Enterococcus faecalis. (bvsalud.org)

Since propolis is rich in flavonoids and cinnamic acid derivatives, the application of propolis extracts has been tried in therapies against cancer, inflammation, and metabolic diseases. (greenmedinfo.com)
Bee Health Propolis guarantees the bioflavonoids present are naturally occurring flavonoids, with no synthetic substances added. (victoriahealth.com)
Resins are the main beneficial constituents in Bee Propolis that are rich in flavonoids. (supervits.com)
The high content of flavonoids in propolis is attributed to its success as a health product itself. (apihealth.com)
Meaning that the flavonoids in our Comvita Immune Bee™ Propolis are plentiful and potent, with us punching well above our weight vs others when it comes to antioxidant capability! (comvita.com)
For every batch of propolis that we make, we test to ensure at least 8 potent flavonoids (antioxidants) are present including quercetin, pinocembrin, galangin, pinobanksin, chrysin, apigenin, kaempferol and acetate. (comvita.com)
This means that every serve of Immune Bee™ Propolis is guaranteed to contain the exact measure of pure flavonoids as stated on the pack. (comvita.com)
Made by honey bees, propolis contains plant and tree resins which are high in flavonoids. (herbalapothecaryuk.com)
5. Quantitative analysis of the flavonoids in raw propolis from northern Croatia. (nih.gov)
19. Interactions among flavonoids of propolis affect antibacterial activity against the honeybee pathogen Paenibacillus larvae. (nih.gov)

Propolis is a resin-like material made by bees from the buds of poplar and cone-bearing trees. (medlineplus.gov)
Health Benefits of Propolis, Side Effects, and Drug Interactions Forever Bee Propolis® is a natural supplement made from the substance bees use to fortify and protect their hive. (cichlidresearch.com)
Bee propolis is a resinous substance collected from plants by bees that used to seal and sterilize their hives. (cichlidresearch.com)
Propolis is a sticky resin collected by bees. (cichlidresearch.com)
Don't take bee propolis if you're allergic to bees or honey, or if you're nursing or pregnant. (cichlidresearch.com)
Propolis is the protective substance gathered and used by bees to disinfect and protect their hives from pathogens. (cichlidresearch.com)
Products made by bees that are used in alternative medicine include honey, beeswax, bee pollen, propolis and royal jelly. (nih.gov)
Propolis is a mixture of beeswax and other oils and resins collected by bees and used in construction of the bee hive and in preserving honey and other perishables. (nih.gov)
Bee Health Propolis Liquid contains a natural substance collected by honey bees from buds and trees. (victoriahealth.com)
By mixing beeswax with tree resin, the bees produce propolis , a waxy substance that keeps intruders out of the hive and defends against pathogens - and research shows it can do the same for the human body. (savannahbee.com)
Like they collect nectar for honey, bees gather resins from plants to create propolis. (savannahbee.com)
The bees use propolis to seal cracks in the hives and neutralize a foreign object before it decays and spreads infection. (savannahbee.com)
Bees use propolis to sterilize their home against infection and as a multi-purpose cement and varnish. (apihealth.com)

Taking advantage of animal and cellular models, accumulating evidence suggests that propolis extracts have therapeutic effects on obesity by controlling adipogenesis, adipokine secretion, food intake, and energy expenditure. (greenmedinfo.com)
Results reflected that the dosage forms of propolis extracted in the scientific literature were ethanolic extracts of propolis , a water -soluble derivate of propolis , or capsules . (bvsalud.org)
2. [Antimicrobial activity of soft and purified propolis extracts]. (nih.gov)
Therefore, the aim of this study was to optimize, validate and investigate the applicability of a reversed-phase HPLC method for analysis of different types of Brazilian green propolis extracts (glycolic and ethanolic). (bvsalud.org)

Fortified with royal jelly, Forever Bee Propolis is an excellent way to help support the body's natural defenses. (cichlidresearch.com)
Forever Bee Propolis® ITEM #027 Bee Propolis is the combination of Bee Honey, Bee Pollen, and fortified with Royal jelly. (cichlidresearch.com)
Antioxidant Potential of Propolis, Bee Pollen, and Royal Jelly: Possible Medical Application. (apihealth.com)

Fight Infections: Bee propolis contains bioflavonoids and other plant compounds that stimulate the body to fight infections. (cichlidresearch.com)
On the other hand, cellular models allow the investigation of detailed molecular events evoked by propolis and derivative compounds. (greenmedinfo.com)
Scientists have identified over 300 different compounds in propolis, including essential oils, aromatic acids, wax, and amino acids. (savannahbee.com)
The many compounds present in propolis require investigation.Physical-chemical analysis studies have not sufficiently established quality standards of propolis containing products. (scielo.br)
The many compounds present in propolis require investigation. (scielo.br)
The efficacy of the radioprotective properties from propolis is extracted from the bibliography , as several compounds of this resinous mixture individually or synergistically are possible candidates that have the radioprotective effect. (bvsalud.org)
In fact, studies prior to 2011 lacked a comprehensive characterization of propolis due to the variability in active compounds among different batches of propolis and were limited to analytical techniques . (bvsalud.org)
Ingredients of candies and chewing gums that may cause irritant or allergic contact stomatitis include flavoring agents (rare) (cinnamon compounds, menthol) and propolis, a strong sensitizer often used in the oral cavity because of its antiseptic properties. (medscape.com)
Brazilian green propolis has been widely used in food and pharmaceutical products due to its valuable source of phenolic compounds and versatile biological activities. (bvsalud.org)

Propolis and also bee pollen handling are just 2 of the outstanding bee supplements that are really essential for human intake. (ncwatercolor.net)
An in-vitro study was carried out to determine the antibacterial activity of honey, propolis (bee glue) and bee pollen. (who.int)

Propolis benefits those seeking to support the immune system and contains tree resins, essential oils, waxes and bioflavonoids which helps to fight colds, viral infections and mouth ulcers. (victoriahealth.com)
Propolis is rich in amino acids, bioflavonoids, minerals and vitamins. (supervits.com)
The bioflavonoids in propolis make it a super biological active. (apihealth.com)

There are few studies reporting on the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of propolis containing products. (scielo.br)
3. Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of propolis collected by three different races of honeybees in the same region. (nih.gov)
4. In vitro antimicrobial activity of propolis and synergism between propolis and antimicrobial drugs. (nih.gov)
12. In vitro antimicrobial activity of propolis samples from different geographical origins against certain oral pathogens. (nih.gov)
20. An in vitro study on antimicrobial activity of propolis from Mugla province of Turkey. (nih.gov)

The propolis used in Forever Bee Propolis has been collected from flowers in the Sonoran Desert Arizona, one of the most pristine environments, untouched by over-development and pollution. (cichlidresearch.com)
Forever Bee Propolis supports the body's natural defenses. (cichlidresearch.com)
Mod de administrare Forever Bee Propolis: A se consuma cate doua tablete pe zi, ca supliment nutritiv. (cichlidresearch.com)
Forever Bee Propolis juga mendapat pengiktirafan Kosher sebab dihasilkan melalui standard yang ketat bagi menjamin kualiti dan potency. (cichlidresearch.com)
Forever Bee Propolis® is 100% natural with no added preservatives or artificial colors. (cichlidresearch.com)
To assure purity, Forever Bee Propolis is gathered from pollution-free regions using specially designed bee propolis collectors. (cichlidresearch.com)
Forever Bee Propolis este recoltat din zone desertice inalte, ferite de actiunea factorilor poluanti. (cichlidresearch.com)

Propolis, with its mighty antiviral properties, may be more effective than the current pharmaceuticals in treating the fever blisters associated with herpes simplex, according to a 2021 research study. (savannahbee.com)
Another found that a pplying propolis to the skin can help alleviate the itchy rash caused by shingles when used with antiviral medication far better than the medicine alone. (savannahbee.com)
A number of studies have tested its effectiveness in humans and animals as a treatment for burns, minor wounds, infections, inflammatory diseases, dental pain, and genital herpes, and it does have propolis does have proven antibiotic and antiseptic properties and may also have antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects. (supervits.com)
Propolis supports your body's natural immune system - it's antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antiseptic. (herbalapothecaryuk.com)

The antiseptic and healing qualities of propolis may help wounds and burns to heal. (northfieldfarm.com)

Dr. Ohhira's Propolis PLUS® is AVA Vegetarian certified and combines a unique and consistently potent Brazilian green propolis with flax oil Omega-3, complete prebiotic and probiotic support, and antioxidants vitamin E and astaxanthin. (drohhiraprobiotics.com)

Our Propolis Ointment 25g is made using propolis collected from our own hives, plus our own honey and beeswax. (northfieldfarm.com)

This nourishing cream combines two of our most prized ingredients: pure inner leaf aloe vera gel and bee propolis. (cichlidresearch.com)
Bee Health was the first ever company to be awarded the Propolis Kitemark assuring consumers the company's products meet the high Government standards for origin, purity and active ingredients. (victoriahealth.com)

Bee Propolis contains antioxidant polyphenols traditionally used to support the immune system. (jarrow.com)
Gram for gram, when tested under laboratory conditions, the natural antioxidant capability of Comvita Immune Bee™ Propolis hands down beats many well known antioxidant rich superfoods including Blueberries, Elderberries and Green tea - as well as vitamins C and A! (comvita.com)
Propolis PLUS® is an incredible fusion of antioxidant and immune-supporting components. (drohhiraprobiotics.com)
6. Brazilian red propolis: unreported substances, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. (nih.gov)
18. Chemical properties and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Slovenian propolis. (nih.gov)

Over the years we've been making (possibly) the best lip balm you've ever tried whilst also working hard to make beneficial honey, beeswax and propolis creams and balms that will treat your skin well. (northfieldfarm.com)

We investigated the protective effect of Brazilian propolis, a natural resinous substance produced by honeybees, against glycation stress in mouse skeletal muscles. (mdpi.com)

Applying an ointment or cream containing 0.5% to 3% propolis five times daily might help cold sores to heal faster and reduce pain. (medlineplus.gov)
Place a little Propolis Ointment on the affected area. (northfieldfarm.com)

Propolis we have been using thousands years as a natural antibiotic which is helps to get energy for weakness body.Highly natural immune support. (cichlidresearch.com)

It's also shown to be an effective, low-cost treatment for nail infections , often caused by a pervasive fungus that's no match for propolis' antifungal powers. (savannahbee.com)

Taking propolis regularly can help your body defend itself from infection - and propolis tablets make it easy to benefit from one of nature's most remarkable natural substances. (herbalapothecaryuk.com)

Use propolis with caution if you are allergic to bee byproducts. (medlineplus.gov)
While propolis is generally safe, some people may experience an allergic reaction , especially those with a sensitivity to bee products. (savannahbee.com)

As a food supplement, Internal use: Can be used to drink or gargle, 4-5 drops of propolis tincture in half a glass of warm liquid once or twice a day, or as directed by your healthcare professional. (victoriahealth.com)

The chlorhexidine group showed bacterial growth inhibition halos with average size of 6.631mm, while propolis at 5% and 10% and the propylene glycol groups did not develop halos. (bvsalud.org)

Objective: the objective of this study is to evaluate in vitro the antimicrobial activity of 5% and 10% propolis suspension against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212). (bvsalud.org)
1. Flavonoid analysis and antimicrobial activity of commercially available propolis products. (nih.gov)
8. In vitro antimicrobial activity of a novel propolis formulation (Actichelated propolis). (nih.gov)

Lozenges containing propolis can cause irritation and mouth ulcers. (medlineplus.gov)

Propolis is a natural bee -produced substance with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and wound -healing properties, containing some components from the leaves, buds and resins of plants . (bvsalud.org)

For centuries, people have used propolis on wounds and as a remedy for ailments ranging from acne to cancer, osteoporosis, itching, and tuberculosis. (supervits.com)

Propolis was found to have antibacterial activity only against gram-positive cocci, but limited activity against gram-negative bacilli. (who.int)
7. Antibacterial and free-radical scavenging activities of Sonoran propolis. (nih.gov)

This protection is also provided to us as humans, when taking propolis in a capsule form. (cichlidresearch.com)
As metabolic diseases develop relatively slowly in patients, the therapeutic effects of propolis in humans should be evaluated over long periods of time. (greenmedinfo.com)
Taking a cue from our busy bee friends, adding propolis to our everyday routine may help strengthen our immune systems and keep away the "intruders" that can cause illness in humans. (savannahbee.com)

Propolis seems to help fight against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. (medlineplus.gov)
Propolis exhibits antimicrobial action against gram-positive bacteria, yeasts, and some viruses. (cichlidresearch.com)

Some propolis products might be contaminated with bee byproducts. (medlineplus.gov)
In the same way, you too can strengthen your defences by using propolis-based products. (cichlidresearch.com)
Before using Bee Propolis, inform your doctor about your current list of medications, over the counter products (e.g. (cichlidresearch.com)
For topical propolis products, always follow label instructions. (cichlidresearch.com)
A lot of people are familiar with propolis as a popular, nourishing ingredient in skincare products, but this is an opportunity to try it as a supplement. (cichlidresearch.com)
Studies in animal and cellular models have also indicated that propolis modulates oxidative stress, the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and adipose tissue inflammation, all of which contribute to insulin resistance or defects in insulin secretion. (greenmedinfo.com)
Bee Health is one of the UK's leading healthcare manufacturers and the world's leading supplier of Propolis products. (victoriahealth.com)
It is necessary to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of commercial products containing propolis. (scielo.br)
Physical-chemical analysis studies have not sufficiently established quality standards of propolis containing products. (scielo.br)
The development and validation of analytical methods are extremely useful for the characterization and quality control of products containing propolis. (bvsalud.org)

What is Bee Propolis Bee Propolis is a natural remedy that fights against infection. (cichlidresearch.com)
Propolis as a remedy for diarrhœas, acute and chronic. (nih.gov)

Today, propolis is used in the manufacture of cosmetics, creams, lozenges and ointments and is being looked at as a dental sealant and tooth enamel hardener. (supervits.com)

13. Validated methods for the quantification of biologically active constituents of poplar-type propolis. (nih.gov)

Bee Propolis Liquid. (cichlidresearch.com)

Propolis is a natural product resulting from the mixing of bee secretions with botanical exudates. (greenmedinfo.com)
The well-known properties of Propolis as a very strong natural body protector make product very effective for immune system support. (apihealth.com)

Propolis is a naturopathic honeybee product, and CAPE (caffeic acid phenethyl ester), is a major medicinal component of propolis. (nih.gov)
The value of propolis as a perfect food as well as its medicinal and restorative properties have been hailed by scientists, researchers, and health & nutrition practitioners all around the world. (apihealth.com)

Bee Propolis Side Effects and Dosage. (cichlidresearch.com)

propolis forever , on the other hand, has all the necessary nutrients needed by our body, varying from the important vitamins to minerals to the complete amino acids to proteins to enzymes as well as coenzymes therefore a lot more. (ncwatercolor.net)

In the latest of his monthly notes, he talks about propolis, the little known substance in the hive but with well documented healing properties. (guildford-dragon.com)

This review describes the beneficial effects of propolis on metabolic disorders. (greenmedinfo.com)

These are some specific and studied ways that bee propolis can be utilized: ( 13) Common Cold and Sore Throat: 500 milligrams one to … ), allergies, pre-existing diseases, and current health conditions (e.g. (cichlidresearch.com)
WARNING: For those with allergies to propolis , we recommend consulting your heath care professional before consuming propolis. (stakich.com)

People commonly use propolis for diabetes, cold sores, and swelling and sores inside the mouth. (medlineplus.gov)

Taking propolis by mouth or rinsing the mouth with a propolis mouth rinse helps heal sores caused by cancer drugs. (medlineplus.gov)

Propolis is the sticky material which leaks from the buds of particular trees. (ncwatercolor.net)

Many health practitioners recommend propolis for acute or chronic respiratory infections. (cichlidresearch.com)

3. Potential role of propolis in wound healing: Biological properties and therapeutic activities. (apihealth.com)

Anatomy11

Organisms24

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs53

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment31

Phenomena and Processes15

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Health Care3

Geographicals10

Antipsoriatic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects of an extract of red propolis. (1/151)

Isolation and structures of two new compounds from the essential oil of Brazilian propolis. (2/151)

Two novel long-chain alkanoic acid esters of lupeol from alecrim-propolis. (3/151)

Effects of compounds found in propolis on Streptococcus mutans growth and on glucosyltransferase activity. (4/151)

The effect of herbal remedies on the production of human inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. (5/151)

Anti-herpes simplex virus effect of an aqueous extract of propolis. (6/151)

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) analogues: potent nitric oxide inhibitors from the Netherlands propolis. (7/151)

Effect of a novel type of propolis and its chemical fractions on glucosyltransferases and on growth and adherence of mutans streptococci. (8/151)

Baccharis

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