Propofol
Anesthetics, Intravenous
Hypnotics and Sedatives
Conscious Sedation
Anesthetics, Combined
Anesthesia Recovery Period
Thiopental
Anesthetics, Inhalation
Alfentanil
Anesthesia, General
Deep Sedation
Monitoring, Intraoperative
Midazolam
Etomidate
Methohexital
Fentanyl
Consciousness Monitors
Anesthetics, General
Electroencephalography
Anesthetics
Anesthesia
Isoflurane
Nitrous Oxide
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Infusions, Intravenous
Ketamine
Anesthetics, Dissociative
Unconsciousness
Adjuvants, Anesthesia
Emulsions
Infusion Pumps
Ambulatory Surgical Procedures
Preanesthetic Medication
Anesthesia, Inhalation
Binding of propofol to blood components: implications for pharmacokinetics and for pharmacodynamics. (1/1774)
AIMS: Propofol is a widely used i.v. anaesthetic agent. However, its binding properties to blood components have not been fully studied. METHODS: We studied the binding of propofol to erythrocytes, to human serum and to isolated serum proteins. Because propofol bound to ultrafiltration and equilibrium dialysis membranes, we used a co-binding technique with dextran coated charcoal and with erythrocytes. RESULTS: Propofol free fraction in blood was 1.2-1.7% at total concentrations ranging from 2.80 to 179 microM (0.5 to 32 microg ml(-1)). Fifty percent was bound to erythrocytes and 48% to serum proteins, almost exclusively to human serum albumin. In the clinical range of concentrations (0.5-16 microg ml(-1)) 40% of the molecules bound to erythrocytes are on the red blood cells membranes. No binding to lipoproteins occurred and binding to alpha1-acid glycoprotein was less than 1.5% CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that hypoalbuminaemia may increase propofol free fraction particularly during prolonged administration. Since propofol is non-restrictively cleared, no change in clearance is expected to occur, and the increase in free fraction will not be compensated by a parallel increase in clearance. It is also noted that many in vitro studies used concentrations 50 to 500 times the concentration expected to be encountered in the immediate cellular environment. (+info)Mechanisms of bronchoprotection by anesthetic induction agents: propofol versus ketamine. (2/1774)
BACKGROUND: Propofol and ketamine have been purported to decrease bronchoconstriction during induction of anesthesia and intubation. Whether they act on airway smooth muscle or through neural reflexes has not been determined. We compared propofol and ketamine to attenuate the direct activation of airway smooth muscle by methacholine and limit neurally mediated bronchoconstriction (vagal nerve stimulation). METHODS: After approval from the institutional review board, eight sheep were anesthetized with pentobarbital, paralyzed, and ventilated. After left thoracotomy, the bronchial artery was cannulated and perfused. In random order, 5 mg/ml concentrations of propofol, ketamine, and thiopental were infused into the bronchial artery at rates of 0.06, 0.20, and 0.60 ml/min. After 10 min, airway resistance was measured before and after vagal nerve stimulation and methacholine given via the bronchial artery. Data were expressed as a percent of baseline response before infusion of drug and analyzed by analysis of variance with significance set at P< or =0.05. RESULTS: Systemic blood pressure was not affected by any of the drugs (P>0.46). Baseline airway resistance was not different among the three agents (P = 0.56) or by dose (P = 0.96). Infusion of propofol and ketamine into the bronchial artery caused a dose-dependent attenuation of the vagal nerve stimulation-induced bronchoconstriction to 26+/-11% and 8+/-2% of maximum, respectively (P<0.0001). In addition, propofol caused a significant decrease in the methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction to 43+/-27% of maximum at the highest concentration (P = 0.05) CONCLUSIONS: The local bronchoprotective effects of ketamine and propofol on airways is through neurally mediated mechanisms. Although the direct effects on airway smooth muscle occur at high concentrations, these are unlikely to be of primary clinical relevance. (+info)Propofol concentrations in follicular fluid during general anaesthesia for transvaginal oocyte retrieval. (3/1774)
Propofol (Diprivan) is an i.v. anaesthetic used for general anaesthesia. The purpose of this study was to measure the propofol concentration in arterial blood and follicular fluid in patients during transvaginal oocyte retrieval. After approval by the University Ethics Committee, 30 women participated in this prospective study. Following induction of anaesthesia with 0.5 mg alfentanil and 2 mg.kg-1 propofol i.v., a continuous infusion of propofol at 10 mg.kg-1.h-1 was used for maintenance of anaesthesia. Follicular fluid and arterial blood samples were aspirated simultaneously at fixed intervals during the surgical procedure and propofol assayed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The mean follicular fluid concentration of propofol increased linearly with time from 0.10 +/- 0.02 microgram.ml-1 to 0.57 +/- 0.06 microgram.ml-1 and was strongly related to the cumulative dose of propofol administered. The absorption of propofol was time-dependent. There was no correlation between the concentration of propofol in the follicular fluid and the arterial blood concentration of the drug. In conclusion, a propofol-based anaesthetic technique resulted in significant concentrations of this agent in follicular fluid, related to the dose administered and to the duration of propofol administration. (+info)Mode of action of ICS 205,930, a novel type of potentiator of responses to glycine in rat spinal neurones. (4/1774)
The effect of a novel potentiator of glycine responses, ICS 205,930, was studied by whole-cell recordings from spinal neurones, and compared with that of other known potentiators, in an attempt to differentiate their sites of action. The ability of ICS 205,930 (0.2 microM) to potentiate glycine responses persisted in the presence of concentrations of Zn2+ (5-10 microM) that were saturating for the potentiating effect of this ion. Preincubation with 10 microM Zn2+ before application of glycine plus Zn2+ had an inhibitory effect, which did not result from Zn2+ entry into the neurone, since it persisted with either 10 mM internal EGTA or 10 microM internal Zn2+. To test whether the potentiating effects of ICS 205,930 and Zn2+ interact, both compounds were applied without preincubation. The potentiating effect of ICS 205,930 was similar for responses to glycine and for responses to glycine plus Zn2+, provided the concentrations of agonist were adjusted so as to induce control responses of identical amplitudes. ICS 205,930 remained able to potentiate glycine responses in the presence of ethanol (200 mM). ICS 205,930 also retained its potentiating effect in the presence of the anaesthetic propofol (30 90 microM), which strongly potentiated glycine responses but, in contrast with ICS 205,930, also markedly increased the resting conductance. The anticonvulsant chlormethiazole (50-100 microM) neither potentiated glycine responses nor prevented the effect of ICS 205,930, even though it increased the resting conductance and potentiated GABA(A) responses. The mechanism of action of ICS 205,930 appears to be different from those by which Zn2+, propofol or ethanol potentiate glycine responses. (+info)Effects of inhaled oxygen concentration on fat metabolism during propofol infusion in rabbits. (5/1774)
We have investigated the effect of inhaled oxygen tension on lipid metabolism during propofol infusion. Propofol is supplied as a lipid emulsion containing 10% soybean oil, which is rich in triglycerides (TG). Infused TG are metabolized via three pathways in the liver cell; Krebs cycle, ketogenesis and release as very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) into the blood. For this reason, we measured TG and the products of the three pathways; carbon dioxide, ketone bodies and VLDL. Thirty-two rabbits were anaesthetized under four different conditions: propofol under hyperoxia, normoxia, hypoxia and isoflurane anaesthesia under hyperoxia. Our results indicated that hyperoxia produced more ketone bodies, normoxia more PaCO2 and hypoxia more free fatty acids (FFA) and TG compared with the other propofol infusion groups. We conclude that hyperoxia during propofol infusion facilitated fat metabolism through ketogenesis, while normoxia did so via the Krebs cycle. Also, hypoxia suppressed utilization of TG and VLDL production in the liver. (+info)Thiopental and propofol impair relaxation produced by ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers in the rat aorta. (6/1774)
ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers are used as vasodilators in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. The effects of i.v. anaesthetics on arterial relaxation induced by ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers have not been studied. Therefore, in this study, we have examined if thiopental (thiopentone) and propofol affect the vascular response to the ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers, cromakalim and pinacidil, in the isolated rat aorta. Rings of rat thoracic aortas without endothelium were suspended for isometric force recording. Concentration-response curves were obtained in a cumulative manner. During submaximal contractions with phenylephrine 0.3 mumol litre-1, relaxation after cromakalim 0.1-30 mumol litre-1, pinacidil 0.1-30 mumol litre-1 and papaverine 0.1-300 mumol litre-1 was demonstrated. Thiopental 30-300 mumol litre-1, propofol 10-100 mumol litre-1, 10% Intralipid 45 microliters or glibenclamide 5 mumol litre-1 were applied 15 min before addition of phenylephrine. During contractions with phenylephrine, cromakalim and pinacidil induced concentration-dependent relaxation. A selective ATP-sensitive potassium channel antagonist, glibenclamide 5 mumol litre-1, abolished this relaxation, whereas it did not affect relaxation produced by papaverine. Thiopental concentrations > 30 mumol litre-1 significantly impaired relaxation produced by cromakalim or pinacidil. Propofol concentrations > 10 mumol litre-1 also significantly reduced relaxation produced by cromakalim or pinacidil, whereas Intralipid was ineffective. Thiopental 300 mumol litre-1 and propofol 100 mumol litre-1 did not alter relaxation produced by papaverine. These results suggest that the i.v. anaesthetics, thiopental and propofol, impaired vasodilatation mediated by ATP-sensitive potassium channels in vascular smooth muscle cells. (+info)Effect of remifentanil on the auditory evoked response and haemodynamic changes after intubation and surgical incision. (7/1774)
We have observed the effect of intubation and incision, as measured by the auditory evoked response (AER) and haemodynamic variables, in 12 patients undergoing hernia repair or varicose vein surgery who received remifentanil as part of either an inhaled anaesthetic technique using isoflurane or as part of a total i.v. technique using propofol. Anaesthesia was induced with remifentanil 1 microgram kg-1 and propofol, neuromuscular block was achieved with atracurium 0.6 mg kg-1 before intubation, and anaesthesia was maintained with a continuous infusion of remifentanil in combination with either a continuous infusion of propofol or inhaled isoflurane. The AER and haemodynamic variables were measured before and after intubation and incision. The effects of intubation and incision on the AER and haemodynamic variables were not significantly different between the remifentanil-propofol and remifentanil-isoflurane groups. However, the study had a low power for this comparison. When the data for the two anaesthetic combinations were pooled, the only significant effects were increases in diastolic arterial pressure and heart rate immediately after intubation; these were not seen 5 min after intubation. There were no cardiovascular responses to incision. There were no significant changes in the AER after intubation or incision. (+info)Postsurgical Candida albicans infections associated with an extrinsically contaminated intravenous anesthetic agent. (8/1774)
From 16 to 30 April 1990, four of 364 (1%) postsurgical patients at one hospital developed Candida albicans fungemia or endophthalmitis. The case patients' surgeries were clustered on two days. To identify risk factors for C. albicans infections, we conducted a cohort study comparing these 4 patients with 67 control patients who had surgeries on the same days but did not acquire C. albicans infections. The participation of anesthesiologist 9 (relative risk [RR], undefined; P < 0.001) and receipt of intravenous propofol, an anesthetic agent without preservative, which was administered by an infusion pump (RR, 8.8; P = 0.048) were identified as risk factors for C. albicans infections. The anesthetic had been recently introduced in the hospital. Hand cultures of 8 of 14 (57%) anesthesiologists were positive for Candida species; one yielded C. albicans. Anesthesiologist 9 was the only one to use stored syringes of propofol in the infusion pump and to reuse propofol syringes. DNA fingerprinting with a digoxigenin-labeled C. albicans repetitive element 2 probe and electrophoretic karyotyping showed two distinct banding patterns among patient isolates. We hypothesize that extrinsic contamination of propofol by anesthesiologist 9 likely resulted in C. albicans infections. These data suggest that strict aseptic techniques must be used when preparing and administering propofol. (+info)There are several different types of unconsciousness, including:
1. Concussion: A mild form of traumatic brain injury that can cause temporary unconsciousness, confusion, and amnesia.
2. Coma: A more severe form of unconsciousness that can be caused by a head injury, stroke, or other medical condition. Comas can last for days, weeks, or even months.
3. Vegetative state: A condition in which a person is unaware and unresponsive, but still has some reflexes. This can be caused by a traumatic brain injury, stroke, or other medical condition.
4. Persistent vegetative state (PVS): A long-term version of the vegetative state that can last for months or years.
5. Brain death: A permanent form of unconsciousness that is caused by severe damage to the brain.
Unconsciousness can be diagnosed through a variety of medical tests, including:
1. Neurological exam: A doctor will check the patient's reflexes, muscle strength, and sensation to determine the extent of any brain damage.
2. Imaging tests: CT or MRI scans can help doctors identify any structural abnormalities in the brain that may be causing unconsciousness.
3. Electroencephalogram (EEG): A test that measures electrical activity in the brain to determine if there is any abnormal brain wave activity.
4. Blood tests: To rule out other medical conditions that may be causing unconsciousness, such as infections or poisoning.
Treatment for unconsciousness depends on the underlying cause and can range from simple observation to complex surgical procedures. Some common treatments include:
1. Medications: To control seizures, reduce inflammation, or regulate brain activity.
2. Surgery: To relieve pressure on the brain, repair damaged blood vessels, or remove tumors.
3. Rehabilitation: To help the patient regain lost cognitive and motor function.
4. Supportive care: To address any other medical conditions that may be contributing to the unconsciousness, such as infections or respiratory failure.
Propofol
Propofol infusion syndrome
Karl Kirchwey
Rapid sequence induction
Soy allergy
Brazilian Controlled Drugs and Substances Act
4-Iodopropofol
Antiemetic
Sevoflurane
Adverse effect
Imperial Chemical Industries
Lee Seung-yeon
Total intravenous anaesthesia
Jang Mi-inae
Anesthesia awareness
Michael Jackson
Honokiol
Health and appearance of Michael Jackson
Midazolam
Γ-Aminobutyric acid
Conrad Murray
Park Si-yeon
Cardioversion
Ketamine
Outcomes Research Consortium
Ketofol
People v. Murray
Traumatic brain injury
Bispectral index
Genetics of migraine headaches
Browsing by Subject "Propofol"
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propofol Archives - The Undeniable Ruth
Opioid free. propofol ketamine for ambulatory surgery: the transition from art to science | Scitechnol
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Randomized clinical trial of propofol versus ketamine for procedural sedation in the emergency department - Fingerprint
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Síndrome da Infusão de Propofol - ATOTW 435 : WFSA - Resources
IMSEAR at SEARO: Convulsions with propofol: a rare adverse event.
Efficacy and safety comparison of esketamine-propofol with nalbuphine-propofol for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in children...
Disrupted neural variability during propofol-induced sedation and unconsciousness<...
EFFECTS OF PROPOFOL ON VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE FUNCTION IN ISOLATED RAT AORTA
Psychology in Every Day Life | A Publication By Dr. Deborah Khoshaba | Tag Archive | propofol
Medication Prescribing Error Reporting and Prevention Program
People - The University of Nottingham
Perioperative Diabetes Insipidus Due to Anesthetic Medications
Doxylamine and pyridoxine Advanced Patient Information - Drugs.com
Repetitive generalized seizure-like activity during emergence from sevoflurane anesthesia
Respiratory Adverse Events After LMA® Mask Removal in Children: A Randomized Trial Comparing Propofol to Sevoflurane - SPANZA
TAP Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI) Implementation Guide: Links to Example Resources
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Perbedaan Efektifitas antara Efedrin dengan Lidokain sebagai Premedikasi untuk Mengurangi Nyeri Lokal akibat Injeksi Propofol |...
M. Nakayama, H. Ichinose, S. Yamamoto, N. Kanaya and A. Namiki, "The Bispectral Index Response to Tracheal Intubation Is...
SOLVED] flush nfs cache on server & client
Effects of propofol and thiopentone, and benzodiazepine premedication on heart rate variability measured by spectral analysis -...
Propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia reduces prolonged extubation as compared to desflurane-based anesthesia: A few more...
DIPRIVAN3
- DIPRIVAN Injectable Emulsion is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to propofol or any of DIPRIVAN Injectable Emulsion components. (druglib.com)
- APP who markets and produces generic propofol/Diprivan and Fresenius Propoven is really the only viable option at this point. (propofolshortage.com)
- DIPRIVAN ® (propofol) injectable emulsion, USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic emulsion containing 10 mg/mL of propofol suitable for intravenous administration. (nih.gov)
Anesthesia10
- The effects of sevoflurane and propofol on RIII and H reflex amplitudes under anesthesia of 13 volunteers were compared. (fu-berlin.de)
- Objective To compare force application to the colonoscope insertion tube during propofol anesthesia and moderate sedation. (elsevier.com)
- Results Axial and radial forces increase and examination time decreases significantly when propofol is used as the method of anesthesia. (elsevier.com)
- As many of you know, over the last few months the sedative-hypnotic, propofol, a mainstay for practicing anesthesia personnel has been difficult if not impossible to attain. (propofolshortage.com)
- The American Society of Anesthesiologists has been constantly updating the anesthesia community and working closely with the FDA (Federal Drug Administration) to overcome these severe propofol shortages. (propofolshortage.com)
- Intravenous injection of a therapeutic dose of propofol induces anesthesia, with minimal excitation, usually within 40 seconds from the start of injection (the time for one arm-brain circulation). (nih.gov)
- A 50-year-old patient was posted for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, developed generalized convulsions after few seconds of propofol administration at anesthesia induction. (who.int)
- Propofol alters the conscious state, the transition from the conscious state to anesthesia or vice versa may be a particularly vulnerable period and may be prolonged after the end of propofol administration. (who.int)
- We reviewed and evaluated the current literature and identified 29 cases of DI related to medications commonly used in anesthesia such as propofol, dexmedetomidine, sevoflurane, ketamine, and opioids. (medscape.com)
- Debate of using propofol safely if given by non-anesthesia providers. (uns.ac.id)
Sedation4
- Propofol is associated with a deeper level of sedation than is a combination of a narcotic and sedative hypnotic and, therefore, may be associated with an increase in force applied to the colonoscope to advance and withdraw the instrument. (elsevier.com)
- Conclusions Propofol sedation is associated with a decrease in examination time and an increase in axial and radial forces used to advance the colonoscope. (elsevier.com)
- It is a viable option that provides a consistent level of propofol-like sedation with a single bolus injection. (propofolshortage.com)
- Anesthetics such as propofol , esketamine and nalbuphine are used during the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to achieve and maintain the desired sedation level. (bvsalud.org)
Emulsion5
- These highlights do not include all the information needed to use PROPOFOL INJECTABLE EMULSION safely and effectively. (nih.gov)
- See full prescribing information for PROPOFOL INJECTABLE EMULSION. (nih.gov)
- Propofol Injectable Emulsion vials are never to be accessed more than once or used on more than one person. (nih.gov)
- Propofol is slightly soluble in water and, thus, is formulated in a white, oil-in-water emulsion. (nih.gov)
- The active ingredient in the Propoven concept name changed from "propofol" to "propofol lipid emulsion" starting with the August 2021 release. (nih.gov)
Prodrug form of propofol2
- It is a prodrug form of propofol and thus has different pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. (propofolshortage.com)
- The system administers a proprietary water-soluble prodrug form of propofol by nebulization into the deep lung. (nih.gov)
Infusion6
- in addition, prolonged high dose propofol therapy can cause the "Propofol infusion syndrome" which is marked by bradyarrhythmias, metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, hyperlipidemia and an enlarged or fatty liver. (nih.gov)
- Propofol infusion syndrome: a case of increasing morbidity with traumatic brain injury. (nih.gov)
- The syndrome of irreversible acidosis after prolonged propofol infusion. (nih.gov)
- Metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, and cardiovascular collapse after prolonged propofol infusion. (nih.gov)
- Rhabdomyolysis and hypoxia associated with prolonged propofol infusion in children. (nih.gov)
- Steady-state propofol blood concentrations are generally proportional to infusion rates. (nih.gov)
Microemulsion propofol1
- Pain on injection with microemulsion propofol. (uns.ac.id)
Injection4
- 1) Following an incremental propofol induction, 50 mg IV ketamine 2-5 minutes pre-injection provides saturation of those NMDA receptors for about 10-20 minutes while the surgeon injects local analgesia (LA). (scitechnol.com)
- There have been reports, in the literature and other public sources, of the transmission of bloodborne pathogens (such as Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV) from unsafe injection practices, and use of propofol vials intended for single use on multiple persons. (nih.gov)
- Khezri MB, Kayalha H. The effect of combined ephedrine and lidocaine pretreatment on pain and hemodynamic changes due to propofol injection. (uns.ac.id)
- Cetinkaya, Dilek & Balaban, Onur & Aydin, Tayfun & Tulgar, Serkan & Sabuncu, C. Can adding Ephedrine to Admixture of Propofol & Lidocaine Overcome Propofol Associated Hemodynamic Changes and Injection Pain. (uns.ac.id)
Anesthetic5
- Propofol is the mostly commonly used parenteral anesthetic agent in the United States, extensively used for minor and outpatient surgical procedures because of its rapid onset and reversal of action, and in intensive care units (ICUs) for maintenance of coma. (nih.gov)
- However, propofol is thought to produce its sedative/anesthetic effects by the positive modulation of the inhibitory function of the neurotransmitter GABA through the ligand-gated GABA A receptors. (nih.gov)
- Propofol, a commonly used anesthetic, is a GABA receptor agonist. (nih.gov)
- These results suggested that propofol might improve cognitive function via attenuating the Aβ-induced mitochondria dysfunction and caspase activation, which explored the potential that anesthetic propofol could improve cognitive function in elderly and AD patients. (nih.gov)
- To better understand how these drugs interact with the GABA A receptor, a research team led by Drs. Jeong Joo Kim and Ryan Hibbs from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center mapped the receptor's atomic structure while it interacted with three different anesthetic drugs (phenobarbital, etomidate, and propofol) and a commonly used benzodiazepine drug called diazepam. (nih.gov)
Sevoflurane8
- The aim of this study was to compare the targets of both propofol and sevoflurane within the human spinal cord that might contribute to the suppression of movement. (fu-berlin.de)
- Initial sevoflurane and propofol concentrations started at 1.6 Vol% and 4.5 μg/ml, respectively and ranged from 1.2 to 1.6 Vol% (sevoflurane) and 3 to 6 μg/ml (propofol). (fu-berlin.de)
- The RIII reflex amplitude was significantly reduced to 19 ± 10% and 27 ± 12% (mean ± SD) of the control values by sevoflurane and propofol, respectively. (fu-berlin.de)
- This RCT in 134 low risk children having general anaesthesia with an LMA were randomized between propofol and sevoflurane anaesthesia, with fentanyl analgesia, awake LMA removal and other clinical processes standardized between groups. (spanza.org.au)
- They measure the rates of post operative respiratory adverse events, and showed clearly that sevoflurane led to a higher rate across multiple metrics (cough, laryngospasm, desaturation) than propofol. (spanza.org.au)
- Most of their propofol anaesthetics were "pure" TIVA, with only 3 needing sevoflurane inductions. (spanza.org.au)
- Secondary outcomes measured included emergence agitation and PONV, and for both of these sevoflurane had higher rates than propofol. (spanza.org.au)
- This study specifically follows up work done at Perth Children's Hospital on PRAE and propofol-sevoflurane differences. (spanza.org.au)
Hemodynamic changes1
- The success rate for the first attempt of endoscope insertion of children undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in the esketamine group was higher than the nalbuphine group, propofol -related hemodynamic changes were reduced accordingly, while the incidence of esketamine-related adverse effects could be high. (bvsalud.org)
Concentrations3
- Pharmacodynamic properties of propofol are dependent upon the therapeutic blood propofol concentrations. (nih.gov)
- In this study propofol did not induce any contractile response in aortic rings at various concentrations (10(-8)-10(-4) M). Propofol did not significantly alter phenylephrine-induced contractions at lower concentrations (10(-8)-10(-6)M) but at higher concentrations (10(-5)-10(-4)M) the depression caused by propofol was significant in both endothelium-intact and -denuded rings. (cumhuriyet.edu.tr)
- The results obtained in this study demonstrate that clinically relevant concentrations of propofol (10(-6)M or less) have no direct vasodilator effects and that it reduces endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine. (cumhuriyet.edu.tr)
Usually within 40 seconds1
- Propofol IV produces rapid hypnosis, usually within 40 seconds. (medscape.com)
Hemisuccinate2
- The investigators have conducted extensive proof-of-principle studies demonstrating that intrapulmonary propofol hemisuccinate (PHS) effectively protects against seizures in animal models. (nih.gov)
- This technology includes a stable pharmaceutical formulation of propofol hemisuccinate for inhalation delivery to treat intractable epilepsy and migraine. (nih.gov)
Flumazenil3
- In the mechanistic studies, effects of propofol, amyloid-β protein (Aβ), and GABA receptor antagonist flumazenil on caspase-3 activation and opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore were assessed in H4 human neuroglioma and mouse neuroblastoma cells by western blot analysis and flow cytometry. (nih.gov)
- Propofol attenuated Aβ-induced caspase-3 activation and opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in the cells, and flumazenil inhibited the propofol's effects. (nih.gov)
- Flumazenil destabilized the site where diazepam, etomidate, and propofol bind, suggesting how it may reverse the action of benzodiazepines and some general anesthetics. (nih.gov)
Intravenously1
- The patients were given esketamine 0.5â mg/kg and propofol 2â mg/kg intravenously in esketamine group, with nalbuphine 0.2â mg/kg and propofol 2â mg/kg in the nalbuphine group. (bvsalud.org)
Etomidate2
- Structures of GABA A receptors in complex with the anaesthetics phenobarbital, etomidate and propofol reveal both distinct and common transmembrane binding sites, which are shared in part by the benzodiazepine drug diazepam. (nature.com)
- Fig. 2: Interactions of etomidate and propofol. (nature.com)
Dose1
- He ordered a dose of Propofol to further put me out. (undeniableruth.com)
Significantly1
- propofol did not significantly reduce the H reflex. (fu-berlin.de)
Clinical3
- Propofol was titrated to the clinical endpoints of loss of lid reflex (LLR) and loss of verbal response (LVR). (scitechnol.com)
- but the costs are fairly prohibitive compared to generic propofol and it too has characteristics that make it cumbersome to use in various clinical settings. (propofolshortage.com)
- Liljeroth E. Pain induced by propofol-clinical studies on drug composition and administration. (uns.ac.id)
Untuk1
- Berbagai metode sudah diteliti untuk mengurang nyeri dengan hasil yang berbeda-beda, yaitu dengan penggunaan obat lidokain, fentanil, metokloramid, atau modifikasi non-farmakologis dengan mendinginkan atau menghangatkan, mendilusi propofol, atau menyuntikkan pada vena yang besar. (uns.ac.id)
Dengan2
- Subjek dalam penelitian merupakan pasien yang melakukan pembedahan menggunakan induksi propofol dengan kriteria tertentu. (uns.ac.id)
- Simpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan efektifitas antara efedrin 30 µg/kgBB intravena dengan lidokain 1 mg/kgBB intravena sebagai premedikasi dalam mengurangi nyeri akibat injeksi propofol. (uns.ac.id)
GABA1
- A GABA receptor embedded in a cell membrane bound with propofol. (nih.gov)
Respiratory1
- It looks at a very common anaesthetic recipe, applicable to a large number of procedures, and shows clearly that propofol has lower rates of respiratory complications, as well as PONV and emergence agitation (secondary outcomes). (spanza.org.au)
Formulation1
- BrIDGs scientists developed and validated analytical methods for the drug substance, synthesized GMP propofol hemmisuccinte, developed a suitable formulation for dosing, and conducted pharmacology and toxicology studies. (nih.gov)
Patients2
Adverse2
Distinct1
- Together, our results reveal distinct effects of propofol on the two forms of neural variability (TTV and TV). (tmu.edu.tw)
Pretreatment1
- Pretreatment of the endothelium-intact rings with propofol (10(-6) and 10(-5) M) produced a reduction in the relaxant effect of acetylcholine. (cumhuriyet.edu.tr)
Yang2
Administration1
- The administration of propofol has been associated with abnormal movements collectively termed as seizure-like phenomenon. (who.int)
Initial1
- The final propofol concentration was 5 mg . cc. -1 The initial drip rate approximated the patient's baseline heart rate and adjusted based on response. (scitechnol.com)
Consciousness1
- We hypothesized that TTV reduction would be compromised during reduced level of consciousness by propofol anesthetics. (tmu.edu.tw)
Study3
- This study was undertaken to determine the direct actions of propofol, and whether propofol exerts any action on basal endothelium-derived relaxing factor release and vasodilator effect of acetylcholine on phenylephrine-induced contractile responses in isolated rat aortic rings. (cumhuriyet.edu.tr)
- The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of propofol - nalbuphine and propofol -esketamine in children . (bvsalud.org)
- We therefore set out to perform a proof of concept study to determine whether chronic treatment with propofol (50 mg/kg/week) can improve cognitive function in both aged wild-type (WT) and AD transgenic (Tg) mice. (nih.gov)
Reflex3
- Die Studie hatte zum Ziel über den Vergleich der Effekte von Sevofluran und Propofol auf den H-Reflex und den RIII Reflex, zwei unterschiedlich im Vorder- und Hinterhorn des Rückenmarks verschaltete spinale Reflexe, Hinweise auf deren Wirkorte oder Mechanismen für das Auslösen chirurgischer Immobilität zu erhalten. (fu-berlin.de)
- Während unter Sevofluran-Narkose die H-Reflex Amplitude auf 66 ± 17 % der Kontrollwerte signifikant reduziert wurde, erreichte die Reduktion durch Propofol auf 87 ± 14 % der Kontrollwerte keine Signifikanz. (fu-berlin.de)
- Die RIII Reflex Amplitude wurde durch Sevofluran auf 19 ± 10 %, durch Propofol auf 27 ± 12 % der Kontrollwerte signifikant verringert, wobei der Unterschied der Reduktion durch die beiden Medikamente nicht signifikant war. (fu-berlin.de)
Produce2
- Although volatile anesthetics appear to produce immobility by actions on the ventral rather than the dorsal horn, the site of action of propofol remains unclear. (fu-berlin.de)
- Just last week Teva announced it was no longer going to produce propofol and Hospira has recalled numerous lots of its propofol. (propofolshortage.com)
Children1
- Efficacy and safety comparison of esketamine-propofol with nalbuphine-propofol for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in children: a multi-center randomized controlled trial. (bvsalud.org)
Pain1
- Deseusa, K.A. Pain on Propofol Ijection : Causes and Remedies. (uns.ac.id)