Propofol. Medical search

An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.

Ultrashort-acting anesthetics that are used for induction. Loss of consciousness is rapid and induction is pleasant, but there is no muscle relaxation and reflexes frequently are not reduced adequately. Repeated administration results in accumulation and prolongs the recovery time. Since these agents have little if any analgesic activity, they are seldom used alone except in brief minor procedures. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p174)

Drugs used to induce drowsiness or sleep or to reduce psychological excitement or anxiety.

A drug-induced depression of consciousness during which patients respond purposefully to verbal commands, either alone or accompanied by light tactile stimulation. No interventions are required to maintain a patent airway. (From: American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines)

The use of two or more chemicals simultaneously or sequentially to induce anesthesia. The drugs need not be in the same dosage form.

The period of emergence from general anesthesia, where different elements of consciousness return at different rates.

A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration.

Gases or volatile liquids that vary in the rate at which they induce anesthesia; potency; the degree of circulation, respiratory, or neuromuscular depression they produce; and analgesic effects. Inhalation anesthetics have advantages over intravenous agents in that the depth of anesthesia can be changed rapidly by altering the inhaled concentration. Because of their rapid elimination, any postoperative respiratory depression is of relatively short duration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p173)

A group of compounds that contain the general formula R-OCH3.

A short-acting opioid anesthetic and analgesic derivative of FENTANYL. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanil is effective as an anesthetic during surgery, for supplementation of analgesia during surgical procedures, and as an analgesic for critically ill patients.

Procedure in which patients are induced into an unconscious state through use of various medications so that they do not feel pain during surgery.

Drug-induced depression of consciousness during which patients cannot be easily aroused but respond purposely following repeated painful stimulation. The ability to independently maintain ventilatory function may be impaired. (From: American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines)

The constant checking on the state or condition of a patient during the course of a surgical operation (e.g., checking of vital signs).

A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.

Imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anesthetic.

An intravenous anesthetic with a short duration of action that may be used for induction of anesthesia.

A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078)

Devices used to assess the level of consciousness especially during anesthesia. They measure brain activity level based on the EEG.

Agents that induce various degrees of analgesia; depression of consciousness, circulation, and respiration; relaxation of skeletal muscle; reduction of reflex activity; and amnesia. There are two types of general anesthetics, inhalation and intravenous. With either type, the arterial concentration of drug required to induce anesthesia varies with the condition of the patient, the desired depth of anesthesia, and the concomitant use of other drugs. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p.173)

Recording of electric currents developed in the brain by means of electrodes applied to the scalp, to the surface of the brain, or placed within the substance of the brain.

Agents that are capable of inducing a total or partial loss of sensation, especially tactile sensation and pain. They may act to induce general ANESTHESIA, in which an unconscious state is achieved, or may act locally to induce numbness or lack of sensation at a targeted site.

A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.

A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.

Nitrogen oxide (N2O). A colorless, odorless gas that is used as an anesthetic and analgesic. High concentrations cause a narcotic effect and may replace oxygen, causing death by asphyxia. It is also used as a food aerosol in the preparation of whipping cream.

Sense of awareness of self and of the environment.

A family of hexahydropyridines.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

The long-term (minutes to hours) administration of a fluid into the vein through venipuncture, either by letting the fluid flow by gravity or by pumping it.

A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.

Intravenous anesthetics that induce a state of sedation, immobility, amnesia, and marked analgesia. Subjects may experience a strong feeling of dissociation from the environment. The condition produced is similar to NEUROLEPTANALGESIA, but is brought about by the administration of a single drug. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed)

Loss of the ability to maintain awareness of self and environment combined with markedly reduced responsiveness to environmental stimuli. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp344-5)

Agents that are administered in association with anesthetics to increase effectiveness, improve delivery, or decrease required dosage.

Colloids formed by the combination of two immiscible liquids such as oil and water. Lipid-in-water emulsions are usually liquid, like milk or lotion. Water-in-lipid emulsions tend to be creams. The formation of emulsions may be aided by amphiphatic molecules that surround one component of the system to form MICELLES.

Fluid propulsion systems driven mechanically, electrically, or osmotically that are used to inject (or infuse) over time agents into a patient or experimental animal; used routinely in hospitals to maintain a patent intravenous line, to administer antineoplastic agents and other drugs in thromboembolism, heart disease, diabetes mellitus (INSULIN INFUSION SYSTEMS is also available), and other disorders.

Surgery performed on an outpatient basis. It may be hospital-based or performed in an office or surgicenter.

Drugs administered before an anesthetic to decrease a patient's anxiety and control the effects of that anesthetic.

Anesthesia caused by the breathing of anesthetic gases or vapors or by insufflating anesthetic gases or vapors into the respiratory tract.

A procedure involving placement of a tube into the trachea through the mouth or nose in order to provide a patient with oxygen and anesthesia.

Binding of propofol to blood components: implications for pharmacokinetics and for pharmacodynamics. (1/1774)

AIMS: Propofol is a widely used i.v. anaesthetic agent. However, its binding properties to blood components have not been fully studied. METHODS: We studied the binding of propofol to erythrocytes, to human serum and to isolated serum proteins. Because propofol bound to ultrafiltration and equilibrium dialysis membranes, we used a co-binding technique with dextran coated charcoal and with erythrocytes. RESULTS: Propofol free fraction in blood was 1.2-1.7% at total concentrations ranging from 2.80 to 179 microM (0.5 to 32 microg ml(-1)). Fifty percent was bound to erythrocytes and 48% to serum proteins, almost exclusively to human serum albumin. In the clinical range of concentrations (0.5-16 microg ml(-1)) 40% of the molecules bound to erythrocytes are on the red blood cells membranes. No binding to lipoproteins occurred and binding to alpha1-acid glycoprotein was less than 1.5% CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that hypoalbuminaemia may increase propofol free fraction particularly during prolonged administration. Since propofol is non-restrictively cleared, no change in clearance is expected to occur, and the increase in free fraction will not be compensated by a parallel increase in clearance. It is also noted that many in vitro studies used concentrations 50 to 500 times the concentration expected to be encountered in the immediate cellular environment. (+info)

Mechanisms of bronchoprotection by anesthetic induction agents: propofol versus ketamine. (2/1774)

BACKGROUND: Propofol and ketamine have been purported to decrease bronchoconstriction during induction of anesthesia and intubation. Whether they act on airway smooth muscle or through neural reflexes has not been determined. We compared propofol and ketamine to attenuate the direct activation of airway smooth muscle by methacholine and limit neurally mediated bronchoconstriction (vagal nerve stimulation). METHODS: After approval from the institutional review board, eight sheep were anesthetized with pentobarbital, paralyzed, and ventilated. After left thoracotomy, the bronchial artery was cannulated and perfused. In random order, 5 mg/ml concentrations of propofol, ketamine, and thiopental were infused into the bronchial artery at rates of 0.06, 0.20, and 0.60 ml/min. After 10 min, airway resistance was measured before and after vagal nerve stimulation and methacholine given via the bronchial artery. Data were expressed as a percent of baseline response before infusion of drug and analyzed by analysis of variance with significance set at P< or =0.05. RESULTS: Systemic blood pressure was not affected by any of the drugs (P>0.46). Baseline airway resistance was not different among the three agents (P = 0.56) or by dose (P = 0.96). Infusion of propofol and ketamine into the bronchial artery caused a dose-dependent attenuation of the vagal nerve stimulation-induced bronchoconstriction to 26+/-11% and 8+/-2% of maximum, respectively (P<0.0001). In addition, propofol caused a significant decrease in the methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction to 43+/-27% of maximum at the highest concentration (P = 0.05) CONCLUSIONS: The local bronchoprotective effects of ketamine and propofol on airways is through neurally mediated mechanisms. Although the direct effects on airway smooth muscle occur at high concentrations, these are unlikely to be of primary clinical relevance. (+info)

Propofol concentrations in follicular fluid during general anaesthesia for transvaginal oocyte retrieval. (3/1774)

Propofol (Diprivan) is an i.v. anaesthetic used for general anaesthesia. The purpose of this study was to measure the propofol concentration in arterial blood and follicular fluid in patients during transvaginal oocyte retrieval. After approval by the University Ethics Committee, 30 women participated in this prospective study. Following induction of anaesthesia with 0.5 mg alfentanil and 2 mg.kg-1 propofol i.v., a continuous infusion of propofol at 10 mg.kg-1.h-1 was used for maintenance of anaesthesia. Follicular fluid and arterial blood samples were aspirated simultaneously at fixed intervals during the surgical procedure and propofol assayed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The mean follicular fluid concentration of propofol increased linearly with time from 0.10 +/- 0.02 microgram.ml-1 to 0.57 +/- 0.06 microgram.ml-1 and was strongly related to the cumulative dose of propofol administered. The absorption of propofol was time-dependent. There was no correlation between the concentration of propofol in the follicular fluid and the arterial blood concentration of the drug. In conclusion, a propofol-based anaesthetic technique resulted in significant concentrations of this agent in follicular fluid, related to the dose administered and to the duration of propofol administration. (+info)

Mode of action of ICS 205,930, a novel type of potentiator of responses to glycine in rat spinal neurones. (4/1774)

The effect of a novel potentiator of glycine responses, ICS 205,930, was studied by whole-cell recordings from spinal neurones, and compared with that of other known potentiators, in an attempt to differentiate their sites of action. The ability of ICS 205,930 (0.2 microM) to potentiate glycine responses persisted in the presence of concentrations of Zn2+ (5-10 microM) that were saturating for the potentiating effect of this ion. Preincubation with 10 microM Zn2+ before application of glycine plus Zn2+ had an inhibitory effect, which did not result from Zn2+ entry into the neurone, since it persisted with either 10 mM internal EGTA or 10 microM internal Zn2+. To test whether the potentiating effects of ICS 205,930 and Zn2+ interact, both compounds were applied without preincubation. The potentiating effect of ICS 205,930 was similar for responses to glycine and for responses to glycine plus Zn2+, provided the concentrations of agonist were adjusted so as to induce control responses of identical amplitudes. ICS 205,930 remained able to potentiate glycine responses in the presence of ethanol (200 mM). ICS 205,930 also retained its potentiating effect in the presence of the anaesthetic propofol (30 90 microM), which strongly potentiated glycine responses but, in contrast with ICS 205,930, also markedly increased the resting conductance. The anticonvulsant chlormethiazole (50-100 microM) neither potentiated glycine responses nor prevented the effect of ICS 205,930, even though it increased the resting conductance and potentiated GABA(A) responses. The mechanism of action of ICS 205,930 appears to be different from those by which Zn2+, propofol or ethanol potentiate glycine responses. (+info)

Effects of inhaled oxygen concentration on fat metabolism during propofol infusion in rabbits. (5/1774)

We have investigated the effect of inhaled oxygen tension on lipid metabolism during propofol infusion. Propofol is supplied as a lipid emulsion containing 10% soybean oil, which is rich in triglycerides (TG). Infused TG are metabolized via three pathways in the liver cell; Krebs cycle, ketogenesis and release as very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) into the blood. For this reason, we measured TG and the products of the three pathways; carbon dioxide, ketone bodies and VLDL. Thirty-two rabbits were anaesthetized under four different conditions: propofol under hyperoxia, normoxia, hypoxia and isoflurane anaesthesia under hyperoxia. Our results indicated that hyperoxia produced more ketone bodies, normoxia more PaCO2 and hypoxia more free fatty acids (FFA) and TG compared with the other propofol infusion groups. We conclude that hyperoxia during propofol infusion facilitated fat metabolism through ketogenesis, while normoxia did so via the Krebs cycle. Also, hypoxia suppressed utilization of TG and VLDL production in the liver. (+info)

Thiopental and propofol impair relaxation produced by ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers in the rat aorta. (6/1774)

ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers are used as vasodilators in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. The effects of i.v. anaesthetics on arterial relaxation induced by ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers have not been studied. Therefore, in this study, we have examined if thiopental (thiopentone) and propofol affect the vascular response to the ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers, cromakalim and pinacidil, in the isolated rat aorta. Rings of rat thoracic aortas without endothelium were suspended for isometric force recording. Concentration-response curves were obtained in a cumulative manner. During submaximal contractions with phenylephrine 0.3 mumol litre-1, relaxation after cromakalim 0.1-30 mumol litre-1, pinacidil 0.1-30 mumol litre-1 and papaverine 0.1-300 mumol litre-1 was demonstrated. Thiopental 30-300 mumol litre-1, propofol 10-100 mumol litre-1, 10% Intralipid 45 microliters or glibenclamide 5 mumol litre-1 were applied 15 min before addition of phenylephrine. During contractions with phenylephrine, cromakalim and pinacidil induced concentration-dependent relaxation. A selective ATP-sensitive potassium channel antagonist, glibenclamide 5 mumol litre-1, abolished this relaxation, whereas it did not affect relaxation produced by papaverine. Thiopental concentrations > 30 mumol litre-1 significantly impaired relaxation produced by cromakalim or pinacidil. Propofol concentrations > 10 mumol litre-1 also significantly reduced relaxation produced by cromakalim or pinacidil, whereas Intralipid was ineffective. Thiopental 300 mumol litre-1 and propofol 100 mumol litre-1 did not alter relaxation produced by papaverine. These results suggest that the i.v. anaesthetics, thiopental and propofol, impaired vasodilatation mediated by ATP-sensitive potassium channels in vascular smooth muscle cells. (+info)

Effect of remifentanil on the auditory evoked response and haemodynamic changes after intubation and surgical incision. (7/1774)

We have observed the effect of intubation and incision, as measured by the auditory evoked response (AER) and haemodynamic variables, in 12 patients undergoing hernia repair or varicose vein surgery who received remifentanil as part of either an inhaled anaesthetic technique using isoflurane or as part of a total i.v. technique using propofol. Anaesthesia was induced with remifentanil 1 microgram kg-1 and propofol, neuromuscular block was achieved with atracurium 0.6 mg kg-1 before intubation, and anaesthesia was maintained with a continuous infusion of remifentanil in combination with either a continuous infusion of propofol or inhaled isoflurane. The AER and haemodynamic variables were measured before and after intubation and incision. The effects of intubation and incision on the AER and haemodynamic variables were not significantly different between the remifentanil-propofol and remifentanil-isoflurane groups. However, the study had a low power for this comparison. When the data for the two anaesthetic combinations were pooled, the only significant effects were increases in diastolic arterial pressure and heart rate immediately after intubation; these were not seen 5 min after intubation. There were no cardiovascular responses to incision. There were no significant changes in the AER after intubation or incision. (+info)

Postsurgical Candida albicans infections associated with an extrinsically contaminated intravenous anesthetic agent. (8/1774)

From 16 to 30 April 1990, four of 364 (1%) postsurgical patients at one hospital developed Candida albicans fungemia or endophthalmitis. The case patients' surgeries were clustered on two days. To identify risk factors for C. albicans infections, we conducted a cohort study comparing these 4 patients with 67 control patients who had surgeries on the same days but did not acquire C. albicans infections. The participation of anesthesiologist 9 (relative risk [RR], undefined; P < 0.001) and receipt of intravenous propofol, an anesthetic agent without preservative, which was administered by an infusion pump (RR, 8.8; P = 0.048) were identified as risk factors for C. albicans infections. The anesthetic had been recently introduced in the hospital. Hand cultures of 8 of 14 (57%) anesthesiologists were positive for Candida species; one yielded C. albicans. Anesthesiologist 9 was the only one to use stored syringes of propofol in the infusion pump and to reuse propofol syringes. DNA fingerprinting with a digoxigenin-labeled C. albicans repetitive element 2 probe and electrophoretic karyotyping showed two distinct banding patterns among patient isolates. We hypothesize that extrinsic contamination of propofol by anesthesiologist 9 likely resulted in C. albicans infections. These data suggest that strict aseptic techniques must be used when preparing and administering propofol. (+info)

There are several different types of unconsciousness, including:

1. Concussion: A mild form of traumatic brain injury that can cause temporary unconsciousness, confusion, and amnesia.
2. Coma: A more severe form of unconsciousness that can be caused by a head injury, stroke, or other medical condition. Comas can last for days, weeks, or even months.
3. Vegetative state: A condition in which a person is unaware and unresponsive, but still has some reflexes. This can be caused by a traumatic brain injury, stroke, or other medical condition.
4. Persistent vegetative state (PVS): A long-term version of the vegetative state that can last for months or years.
5. Brain death: A permanent form of unconsciousness that is caused by severe damage to the brain.

Unconsciousness can be diagnosed through a variety of medical tests, including:

1. Neurological exam: A doctor will check the patient's reflexes, muscle strength, and sensation to determine the extent of any brain damage.
2. Imaging tests: CT or MRI scans can help doctors identify any structural abnormalities in the brain that may be causing unconsciousness.
3. Electroencephalogram (EEG): A test that measures electrical activity in the brain to determine if there is any abnormal brain wave activity.
4. Blood tests: To rule out other medical conditions that may be causing unconsciousness, such as infections or poisoning.

Treatment for unconsciousness depends on the underlying cause and can range from simple observation to complex surgical procedures. Some common treatments include:

1. Medications: To control seizures, reduce inflammation, or regulate brain activity.
2. Surgery: To relieve pressure on the brain, repair damaged blood vessels, or remove tumors.
3. Rehabilitation: To help the patient regain lost cognitive and motor function.
4. Supportive care: To address any other medical conditions that may be contributing to the unconsciousness, such as infections or respiratory failure.

... is believed to work at least partly via a receptor for GABA. Propofol was discovered in 1977 and approved for use in ... Propofol can be run through a peripheral IV or central line. Propofol is frequently paired with fentanyl (for pain relief) in ... Although propofol is heavily used in the adult ICU setting, the side effects associated with propofol seem to be of greater ... "Propofol-Lipuro 1% (propofol) Injectable emulsion for infusion - 1,000 mg in 100 ml (10 mg /ml) : Fact Sheet for health Care ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propofol

It is associated with high doses and long-term use of propofol (> 4 mg/kg/h for more than 24 hours). It occurs more commonly in ... Propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS) is a rare syndrome which affects patients undergoing long-term treatment with high doses of ... PRIS is a rare complication of propofol infusion. It is generally associated with high doses (>4 mg/kg per hour or >67 mcg/kg ... McKeage, K; Perry, CM (2003). "Propofol: a review of its use in intensive care sedation of adults". CNS Drugs. 17 (4): 235-72. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propofol_infusion_syndrome

ISBN 978-0-399-15727-1. "Propofol". The New Yorker. June 30, 2008. "Lemnos". Poetry. March 2008. "The Red Portrait". Poetry. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Kirchwey

In the elderly, the rate of Propofol clearance is low. Therefore, lower doses of Propofol (50 to 100 mg) should be given. It is ... At prolonged high Propofol dosages, it can induce Propofol infusion syndrome, characterized by acute refractory bradycardia ... For those with bronchospasm, Propofol also has mild bronchodilating effect. However, Propofol can induce hypotension and ... Propofol - It is a highly lipid-soluble, GABA agonist. The dosage is 1.5 mg/kg (usually 100 to 200 mg). It has quick onset of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_sequence_induction

Propofol (Diprivan, Propoven) is a commonly used intravenous sedative. Because it is only slightly soluble in water, it is ... "Propofol". Drugs.com. 6 July 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019. Dewachter P, Kopac P, Laguna JJ, Mertes PM, Sabato V, Volcheck ... "Diprivan (propofol) Injectable Emulsion, USP". RxList. Retrieved 2 November 2019. Thanai Pongdee (2019). "Soy-allergenic and ... and the vast majority of people with known soy or egg allergies do not have a reaction to propofol. Protein contact dermatitis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soy_allergy

PROPOFOL 133. PROTIPENDIL 134. PROTRIPTILINE 135. PROXIMETACAINE 136. RISPERIDONE 137. ROPINIROL 138. SELEGILINE 139. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_Controlled_Drugs_and_Substances_Act

May 1998). "Propofol analogues. Synthesis, relationships between structure and affinity at GABAA receptor in rat brain, and ... Krasowski MD, Hong X, Hopfinger AJ, Harrison NL (July 2002). "4D-QSAR analysis of a set of propofol analogues: mapping binding ... 4-Iodopropofol has similar effects to propofol on isolated receptors, acting primarily as a GABAA positive modulator and sodium ... 4-Iodopropofol is a drug derived from the commonly used sedative anaesthetic agent, propofol. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-Iodopropofol

Propofol is given intravenously. It has been used in an acute care setting in hospital as a rescue therapy for emesis. ... "Sub-hypnotic dose of propofol as antiemetic prophylaxis attenuates intrathecal morphine-induced postoperative nausea and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiemetic

... and Recovery Characteristics of Sevoflurane-N2O and Propofol-Sevoflurane-N2O With Propofol-Isoflurane-N2O Anesthesia". ... "Propofol and Sevoflurane Anesthesia". (CS1: long volume value, Articles with short description, Short description matches ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevoflurane

Bray RJ (1998). "Propofol infusion syndrome in children". Pediatric Anesthesia. 8 (6): 491-9. doi:10.1046/j.1460-9592.1998. ... in children using propofol (Diprivan) Depression or hepatic injury caused by interferon Diabetes caused by atypical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverse_effect

Baker, Max T.; Naguib, Mohamed (1 October 2005). "Propofol: The Challenges of Formulation". Anesthesiology: The Journal of the ... propofol (1977, an intravenous anaesthetic agent), Inderal (1965, a beta-blocker), tamoxifen (1978, a frequently used drug for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_Chemical_Industries

Lee admitted taking propofol, but said it was legally prescribed by her doctor to treat a spinal fracture diagnosed in 2003, ... The Seoul Central District Court found Lee guilty of taking propofol at least 320 times over six years (or 4.5 times a month), ... In 2013, she became involved in another controversy when she was indicted for illegal use of the drug propofol. Cable channel ... Lee, Jin-ho; Park, Hyun-min (24 January 2013). "Jang Mi In Ae and Lee Seung Yeon Officially Deny Propofol Suspicions". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Seung-yeon

Propofol is now used worldwide with a well-defined pharmacological profile for a variety of medical uses. TIVA is used to ... Propofol (di-isopropyl phenol) was synthesized by Glen and colleagues in the early 1970s, but its first formulations were ... Propofol is usually the selected sedative-hypnotic agent to maintain general anesthesia through TIVA because of its rapid onset ... Propofol, etomidate and ketamine are common intravenous sedative-hypnotic agents for the induction of TIVA. Their highly ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_intravenous_anaesthesia

Park, Hyun-min; Jeon, Su-mi (13 March 2013). "Lee Seung Yeon, Park Si Yeon and Jang Mi In Ae to be Indicted for Propofol Abuse ... The Seoul Central District Court found Jang guilty of taking propofol 410 times over six years (or 5.6 times a month), and she ... Jeon, Su-mi (24 January 2013). "Actresses Jang Mi In Ae and Lee Seung Yeon Suspected of Propofol Abuse". enewsWorld. CJ E&M. ... Lee, Kyung-min (20 May 2013). "Propofol scandal might not be true". The Korea Times. Archived from the original on 2 November ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jang_Mi-inae

Veselis RA (March 2006). "The remarkable memory effects of propofol". British Journal of Anaesthesia. 96 (3): 289-91. doi: ... November 2004). "The effects of propofol, small-dose isoflurane, and nitrous oxide on cortical somatosensory evoked potential ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anesthesia_awareness

Jackson was administered propofol, lorazepam, and midazolam; his death was caused by a propofol overdose. News of his death ... In 2009, while he was preparing for a series of comeback concerts, This Is It, Jackson died from an overdose of propofol ... Doheny, Kathleen (August 24, 2009). "Propofol Linked to Michael Jackson's Death". WebMD. Retrieved May 31, 2015. Rawlinson, ... caused by a propofol and benzodiazepine overdose. Conrad Murray, his personal physician, had given Jackson various medications ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Jackson

It is structurally similar to propofol. There are several methods for purifying and isolating honokiol. In nature, honokiol ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honokiol

... the DEA stated they would consider labelling propofol a controlled substance. In 2010 the agency recommended adding propofol to ... Propofol became known as the 'Michael Jackson Drug' among patients and many of them had reservations about it after Jackson's ... The propofol was administered in a non-hospital setting without any appropriate medical indication. The standard of care for ... Murray said he had given Jackson propofol 'virtually every day' for a little more than two months. He said the entertainer had ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_and_appearance_of_Michael_Jackson

De Cosmo G, Congedo E, Clemente A, Aceto P (November 2005). "Sedation in PACU: the role of propofol". Current Drug Targets. 6 ( ... Cox CE, Reed SD, Govert JA, Rodgers JE, Campbell-Bright S, Kress JP, Carson SS (March 2008). "Economic evaluation of propofol ... Midazolam is superior to diazepam in impairing memory of endoscopy procedures, but propofol has a quicker recovery time and a ... However, for long-term sedation, lorazepam is preferred due to its long duration of action, and propofol has advantages over ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midazolam

Other GABAergic modulators include: GABAB receptor ligands.[citation needed] Agonists: baclofen, propofol, GHB, phenibut. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Γ-Aminobutyric_acid

Propofol is usually given in a hospital or a clinical setting with close monitoring, mostly used for general anesthesia during ... On June 25, 2009, only weeks after hiring Murray, Michael Jackson died due to a lethal dose of propofol administered by Murray ... He claimed that he tried treating him with other drugs and that he only administered the propofol after Jackson insisted, ... Based on the autopsy and toxicology findings, the cause of Jackson's death was determined to be acute propofol intoxication ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad_Murray

Park, Hyun-min; Jeon, Su-mi (March 13, 2013). "Lee Seung Yeon, Park Si Yeon and Jang Mi In Ae to be Indicted for Propofol Abuse ... In October 2013, the Seoul Central District Court found Park guilty of taking propofol 400-500 times over four-and-a-half years ... An, So-hyoun (May 20, 2013). "Doctor States Park Si Yeon was Treated with Propofol Due to a Rare Disease". enewsWorld. Archived ... After giving birth and being indicted for propofol use in 2013, Park returned to television with the 2014 cable drama The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Park_Si-yeon

see details on pad placement below). The anesthesiology team will then administer a general anesthetic (e.g., Propofol) in ... Wafae BG, da Silva RM, Veloso HH (2019). "Propofol for sedation for direct current cardioversion". Annals of Cardiac ... Opioid analgesics (e.g., Fentanyl) may be combined with Propofol, although anesthesiology must weight the benefits against ... the effects of Propofol generally last for only 3-8 minutes). However, if the arrhythmia is persistent, the machine may be re- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardioversion

Hui TW, Short TG, Hong W, Suen T, Gin T, Plummer J (March 1995). "Additive interactions between propofol and ketamine when used ... It is one of the safest anesthetics, as, in contrast with opiates, ether, and propofol, it suppresses neither respiration nor ... Vomiting can be expected in 5-15% of the patients; pretreatment with propofol mitigates it as well. Laryngospasm occurs only ... Zhao Y, Sun L (November 2008). "Antidepressants modulate the in vitro inhibitory effects of propofol and ketamine on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketamine

Matsukawa T, Kurz A, Sessler DI, Bjorksten AR, Merrifield B, Cheng C (1995). "Propofol linearly reduces the vasoconstriction ... Leslie K, Sessler DI, Bjorksten AR, Moayeri A (1995). "Mild hypothermia alters propofol pharmacokinetics and increases the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outcomes_Research_Consortium

It can be mixed with propofol in the same syringe. The combination appears to be safer than propofol by itself when used for ... Jalili M, Bahreini M, Doosti-Irani A, Masoomi R, Arbab M, Mirfazaelian H (March 2016). "Ketamine-propofol combination (ketofol ... Willman EV, Andolfatto G (January 2007). "A prospective evaluation of "ketofol" (ketamine/propofol combination) for procedural ... Ketofol is a mixture of ketamine and propofol. Both drugs are anesthetic agents. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketofol

Ativan would cause the patient to have slurred speech but propofol would not, it is "quick onset, quick offset." Propofol is ... containing an array of bottles that included 100 ml propofol and 20 ml propofol bottles (filled to various levels, some opened ... Testimony indicated that propofol, in conjunction with other drugs in Jackson's system, had played the key role in his death. ... While in Jackson's bedroom, she found an empty 20 ml propofol bottle and an empty 5 ml flumazenil bottle on the floor next to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_v._Murray

Propofol and midazolam are equally effective as sedatives. Hypertonic saline can improve ICP by reducing the amount of cerebral ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traumatic_brain_injury

The BIS is an electroencephalogram-derived multivariant scale that, when a drug such a propofol is used, correlates with the ... 1997). "Recovery of consciousness after thiopental or propofol. Bispectral index and isolated forearm technique". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bispectral_index

unreliable medical source?]Krusz, John Claude; Scott, Virginia; Belanger, Jeanne (27 March 2000). "Intravenous propofol: unique ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics_of_migraine_headaches

JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Propofol&type=mesh

Procedures-On 3 occasions, each horse was anesthetized with 1 of the 3 propofol formulations (1% or 5% microemulsion or 1% ... Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results suggest that the micellar microemulsion preparation of propofol (1% or 5%) has ... commercial preparation). All horses received xylazine (1 mg/kg, IV), and anesthesia was induced with propofol (2 mg/kg, IV). ... similar anesthetic effects in horses, compared with the commercially available lipid propofol formulation. Additionally, the ...

https://avmajournals.avma.org/view/journals/ajvr/67/9/ajvr.67.9.1476.xml?rskey=wNchET&result=14

Pharmacokinetics of H2-antagonists during propofol or thiopentone anaesthesia in rats. This is a temporary file and hence do ...

https://ijp-online.com/downloadpdf.asp?issn=0253-7613

... Kabi. 21-04-2015 ...

https://www.lifesciencesipreview.com/news/claris-lifesciences-settles-propofol-patent-litigation-with-fresenius-kabi-921

I have no memory of this.) He ordered a dose of Propofol to further put me out. ...

https://undeniableruth.com/tag/propofol/

cc-1 propofol was injected. The final propofol concentration was 5 mg . cc.-1 The initial drip rate approximated the patients ... Propofol was titrated to the clinical endpoints of loss of lid reflex (LLR) and loss of verbal response (LVR). Incremental ... propofol ketamine for ambulatory surgery: the transition from art to science. Ambulatory surgery patients are expected to be ... 1) Following an incremental propofol induction, 50 mg IV ketamine 2-5 minutes pre-injection provides saturation of those NMDA ...

https://www.scitechnol.com/abstract/opioid-free-propofol-ketamine-for-ambulatory-surgery-the-transition-from-art-to-science-12267.html

Effect of propofol anesthesia on force application during colonoscopy. Louis Y. Korman, Nadim G. Haddad, David C. Metz, ... Effect of propofol anesthesia on force application during colonoscopy. / Korman, Louis Y.; Haddad, Nadim G.; Metz, David C. et ... Propofol is associated with a deeper level of sedation than is a combination of a narcotic and sedative hypnotic and, therefore ... Propofol is associated with a deeper level of sedation than is a combination of a narcotic and sedative hypnotic and, therefore ...

https://einstein.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/effect-of-propofol-anesthesia-on-force-application-during-colonos-2

... propofol, Saint Matthew Passion, the Academy of Ancient Music, the Akademie für Alte Musik Berlin on August 28, 2009 by Craig ... tempi and vibrato-laden singers make his Saint Matthew Passion recording play like the Oberammergau Passion Play on a propofol ... Posts about propofol written by Craig Zeichner ...

https://vespers1610.com/tag/propofol/

The Propofol Availability Conundrum. What does the lack of propofol availability mean to you as a practicing anesthesiologist? ... Just last week Teva announced it was no longer going to produce propofol and Hospira has recalled numerous lots of its propofol ... Posted by Propofol Shortage at 1:19 PM Email ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to FacebookShare to Pinterest ... As many of you know, over the last few months the sedative-hypnotic, propofol, a mainstay for practicing anesthesia personnel ...

http://www.propofolshortage.com/2010/07/propofol-availability-conundrum-what.html

Propofol is a phenolic compound unrelated to other types of anticonvulsants. It has general anesthetic properties when ... Propofol IV produces rapid hypnosis, usually within 40 seconds. The effects are reversed within 30 minutes following the ...

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/189563-medication

Direktif untuk semua produk yang mengandungi propofol: Pengemaskinian sisip bungkusan dengan penambahan maklumat keselamatan ... Direktif untuk semua produk yang mengandungi propofol: Pengemaskinian sisip bungkusan dengan penambahan maklumat keselamatan ...

https://npra.gov.my/index.php/en/directive-general/1527147-direktif-untuk-semua-produk-yang-mengandungi-propofol-pengemaskinian-sisip-bungkusan-dengan-penambahan-maklumat-keselamatan-berkaitan-risiko-priapism.html

Dive into the research topics of Randomized clinical trial of propofol versus ketamine for procedural sedation in the ... Randomized clinical trial of propofol versus ketamine for procedural sedation in the emergency department. ...

https://experts.umn.edu/en/publications/randomized-clinical-trial-of-propofol-versus-ketamine-for-procedu/fingerprints/

... , ... 16) Em pacientes com IMC alto a infusão de propofol deve ser calculada em relação ao peso corporal total para evitar sedação ... Embora originalmente descrito no contexto pediátrico, agora é visto com mais frequência no uso em adultos, pois propofol não é ... 70% do uso global do propofol é para sedação - tanto em procedimentos quanto na unidade intensiva. No entanto, seu uso em ...

https://resources.wfsahq.org/quiz/sindrome-da-infusao-de-propofol-atotw-435/

The pathophysiological mechanisms behind the neuroexcitatory symptoms with propofol are unknown. Propofol alters the conscious ... The administration of propofol has been associated with abnormal movements collectively termed as seizure-like phenomenon. ... We present a rare but potentially harmful adverse reaction of propofol. A 50-year-old patient was posted for laparoscopic ... Garg R, Dehran M. Convulsions with propofol: a rare adverse event. Journal of Postgraduate Medicine. 2009 Jan-Mar; 55(1): 69-71 ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/116003

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of propofol-nalbuphine and propofol-esketamine in children. ... Efficacy and safety comparison of esketamine-propofol with nalbuphine-propofol for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in children ... Efficacy and safety comparison of esketamine-propofol with nalbuphine-propofol for upper g ... The patients were given esketamine 0.5â mg/kg and propofol 2â mg/kg intravenously in esketamine group, with nalbuphine 0.2â mg/ ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/bolivia/resource/es/mdl-37441574

Together, our results reveal distinct effects of propofol on the two forms of neural variability (TTV and TV). They imply that ... Together, our results reveal distinct effects of propofol on the two forms of neural variability (TTV and TV). They imply that ... Together, our results reveal distinct effects of propofol on the two forms of neural variability (TTV and TV). They imply that ... Together, our results reveal distinct effects of propofol on the two forms of neural variability (TTV and TV). They imply that ...

https://hub.tmu.edu.tw/en/publications/disrupted-neural-variability-during-propofol-induced-sedation-and

This study was undertaken to determine the direct actions of propofol, and whether propofol exerts any action on basal ... In this study propofol did not induce any contractile response in aortic rings at various concentrations (10(-8)-10(-4) M). ... EFFECTS OF PROPOFOL ON VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE FUNCTION IN ISOLATED RAT AORTA. ... Pretreatment of the endothelium-intact rings with propofol (10(-6) and 10(-5) M) produced a reduction in the relaxant effect of ...

https://acikerisim.cumhuriyet.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/20.500.12418/11951

Tag Archive , "propofol". O,What A Tangled Web: The Psychology of Self-Deception. Posted on 09 April 2012. Tags: Conrad Murray; ... Freud, Michael Jackson death, propofol, Sartre and bad faith. "O, what a tangled web we weave, when first we practice to ...

http://www.psychologyineverydaylife.net/tag/propofol/

Propofol. (Diprivan®). (Acute Sedation). 200mg in 20ml (ampule). (10,000mcg/ml). (in 10% fat emulsion). Load:. Age, = 60: 40mg ... Propofol. (Diprivan®). (Continuous Infusion). Infusion:. 500mg in 50ml (10,000mcg/ml). (in 10% fat emulsion). Load:. Not ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/408567_7

Propofol. Journal Of Pain And Symptom Management. 40(3), 466-70. *. ABERNETHY, A.P., MCDONALD, C.F., FRITH, P.A., CLARK, K., ...

https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/medicine/people/andrew.wilcock

Propofol. ,1. ,1. 0. None. 8. 2. Kassebaum et al3 13/male. Parathyroidectomy (neuro/ENT). X. X. Propofol. ,1. 1. DDAVP-unknown ... Propofol infusion. 1. Soo et al2 66/male. Posterior laminectomy with instrumentation from L2-L5 (spine/ortho). X. X. ... the current literature and identified 29 cases of DI related to medications commonly used in anesthesia such as propofol, ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/965350

Detailed drug Information for Doxylamine and pyridoxine. Includes common brand names, drug descriptions, warnings, side effects and dosing information.

https://www.drugs.com/cons/doxylamine-and-pyridoxine.html

The patient was treated with intravenous propofol, midazolam, and phenytoin and required intensive care management before his ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17666720/?dopt=Abstract

... than propofol. Most of their propofol anaesthetics were "pure" TIVA, with only 3 needing sevoflurane inductions. Secondary ... It looks at a very common anaesthetic recipe, applicable to a large number of procedures, and shows clearly that propofol has ... Respiratory Adverse Events After LMA® Mask Removal in Children: A Randomized Trial Comparing Propofol to Sevoflurane. Edition: ... This study specifically follows up work done at Perth Childrens Hospital on PRAE and propofol-sevoflurane differences. It is ...

https://www.spanza.org.au/journalwatch/respiratory-adverse-events-after-lma-mask-removal-in-children-a-randomized-trial-comparing-propofol-to-sevoflurane/

Recommendations for Propofol Infusion [PDF - 27 pages]. Guide to aseptic technique and timelines for propofol infusion on pages ...

https://www.cdc.gov/hai/prevent/tap/clabsi.html

Perbedaan Efektifitas antara Efedrin dengan Lidokain sebagai Premedikasi untuk Mengurangi Nyeri Lokal akibat Injeksi Propofol ... Propofol LCT vs propofol MCT-LCT: Randomized controlled trial. Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia, 2016; 3(2):214-218 ... Debate of using propofol safely if given by non-anesthesia providers. J Clin Bioanal Chem.2018; Volume 2 Issue 1. ... Propofol merupakan agen induksi anestesi yang sering digunakan secara luas. Hal ini dikarenakan waktu pulih sadar pendek dengan ...

https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/SMedJour/article/view/39370

KEYWORDS: Isoflurane; Propofol; Remifentanil; Blood Loss; Endoscopic Sinus Surgery JOURNAL NAME: Neuroscience and Medicine, Vol ... One group received propofol and remifentanil to induce and maintain anesthesia and the second group received Isoflurane. Mean ... TITLE: Evaluating the Efficacy of Remifentanil-Propofol versus Isoflurane in Reducing Blood Loss with Considering Depth of ... Current study was designed to evaluate the effect of remifentanil combined with propofol versus Isoflurane on blood loss during ...

https://scirp.org/reference/referencespapers.aspx?referenceid=821447

propofol. Debian. 4. 09-09-2011 03:03 PM. how-to flush dns cache PlatinumRik. Linux - Networking. 6. 07-27-2011 02:47 PM. ...

https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-newbie-8/flush-nfs-cache-on-server-and-client-4175419485/

Effects of propofol and thiopentone, and benzodiazepine premedication on heart rate variability measured by spectral analysis ... Effects of propofol and thiopentone, and benzodiazepine premedication on heart rate variability measured by spectral analysis ...

https://www.ndcn.ox.ac.uk/publications/54144

Propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia reduces prolonged extubation as compared to desflurane-based anesthesia: A few more ... Propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia reduces prolonged extubation as compared to desflurane-based anesthesia: A few more ... Propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia reduces prolonged extubation as compared to desflurane-based anesthesia: A few more ... Lower incidence of prolonged extubation in propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia compared with desflurane anesthesia in ...

https://www.jmedscindmc.com/article.asp?issn=1011-4564

DIPRIVAN Injectable Emulsion is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to propofol or any of DIPRIVAN Injectable Emulsion components. (druglib.com)
APP who markets and produces generic propofol/Diprivan and Fresenius Propoven is really the only viable option at this point. (propofolshortage.com)
DIPRIVAN ® (propofol) injectable emulsion, USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic emulsion containing 10 mg/mL of propofol suitable for intravenous administration. (nih.gov)

The effects of sevoflurane and propofol on RIII and H reflex amplitudes under anesthesia of 13 volunteers were compared. (fu-berlin.de)
Objective To compare force application to the colonoscope insertion tube during propofol anesthesia and moderate sedation. (elsevier.com)
Results Axial and radial forces increase and examination time decreases significantly when propofol is used as the method of anesthesia. (elsevier.com)
As many of you know, over the last few months the sedative-hypnotic, propofol, a mainstay for practicing anesthesia personnel has been difficult if not impossible to attain. (propofolshortage.com)
The American Society of Anesthesiologists has been constantly updating the anesthesia community and working closely with the FDA (Federal Drug Administration) to overcome these severe propofol shortages. (propofolshortage.com)
Intravenous injection of a therapeutic dose of propofol induces anesthesia, with minimal excitation, usually within 40 seconds from the start of injection (the time for one arm-brain circulation). (nih.gov)
A 50-year-old patient was posted for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, developed generalized convulsions after few seconds of propofol administration at anesthesia induction. (who.int)
Propofol alters the conscious state, the transition from the conscious state to anesthesia or vice versa may be a particularly vulnerable period and may be prolonged after the end of propofol administration. (who.int)
We reviewed and evaluated the current literature and identified 29 cases of DI related to medications commonly used in anesthesia such as propofol, dexmedetomidine, sevoflurane, ketamine, and opioids. (medscape.com)
Debate of using propofol safely if given by non-anesthesia providers. (uns.ac.id)

Propofol is associated with a deeper level of sedation than is a combination of a narcotic and sedative hypnotic and, therefore, may be associated with an increase in force applied to the colonoscope to advance and withdraw the instrument. (elsevier.com)
Conclusions Propofol sedation is associated with a decrease in examination time and an increase in axial and radial forces used to advance the colonoscope. (elsevier.com)
It is a viable option that provides a consistent level of propofol-like sedation with a single bolus injection. (propofolshortage.com)
Anesthetics such as propofol , esketamine and nalbuphine are used during the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to achieve and maintain the desired sedation level. (bvsalud.org)

These highlights do not include all the information needed to use PROPOFOL INJECTABLE EMULSION safely and effectively. (nih.gov)
See full prescribing information for PROPOFOL INJECTABLE EMULSION. (nih.gov)
Propofol Injectable Emulsion vials are never to be accessed more than once or used on more than one person. (nih.gov)
Propofol is slightly soluble in water and, thus, is formulated in a white, oil-in-water emulsion. (nih.gov)
The active ingredient in the Propoven concept name changed from "propofol" to "propofol lipid emulsion" starting with the August 2021 release. (nih.gov)

It is a prodrug form of propofol and thus has different pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. (propofolshortage.com)
The system administers a proprietary water-soluble prodrug form of propofol by nebulization into the deep lung. (nih.gov)

in addition, prolonged high dose propofol therapy can cause the "Propofol infusion syndrome" which is marked by bradyarrhythmias, metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, hyperlipidemia and an enlarged or fatty liver. (nih.gov)
Propofol infusion syndrome: a case of increasing morbidity with traumatic brain injury. (nih.gov)
The syndrome of irreversible acidosis after prolonged propofol infusion. (nih.gov)
Metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, and cardiovascular collapse after prolonged propofol infusion. (nih.gov)
Rhabdomyolysis and hypoxia associated with prolonged propofol infusion in children. (nih.gov)
Steady-state propofol blood concentrations are generally proportional to infusion rates. (nih.gov)

Pain on injection with microemulsion propofol. (uns.ac.id)

1) Following an incremental propofol induction, 50 mg IV ketamine 2-5 minutes pre-injection provides saturation of those NMDA receptors for about 10-20 minutes while the surgeon injects local analgesia (LA). (scitechnol.com)
There have been reports, in the literature and other public sources, of the transmission of bloodborne pathogens (such as Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV) from unsafe injection practices, and use of propofol vials intended for single use on multiple persons. (nih.gov)
Khezri MB, Kayalha H. The effect of combined ephedrine and lidocaine pretreatment on pain and hemodynamic changes due to propofol injection. (uns.ac.id)
Cetinkaya, Dilek & Balaban, Onur & Aydin, Tayfun & Tulgar, Serkan & Sabuncu, C. Can adding Ephedrine to Admixture of Propofol & Lidocaine Overcome Propofol Associated Hemodynamic Changes and Injection Pain. (uns.ac.id)

Propofol is the mostly commonly used parenteral anesthetic agent in the United States, extensively used for minor and outpatient surgical procedures because of its rapid onset and reversal of action, and in intensive care units (ICUs) for maintenance of coma. (nih.gov)
However, propofol is thought to produce its sedative/anesthetic effects by the positive modulation of the inhibitory function of the neurotransmitter GABA through the ligand-gated GABA A receptors. (nih.gov)
Propofol, a commonly used anesthetic, is a GABA receptor agonist. (nih.gov)
These results suggested that propofol might improve cognitive function via attenuating the Aβ-induced mitochondria dysfunction and caspase activation, which explored the potential that anesthetic propofol could improve cognitive function in elderly and AD patients. (nih.gov)
To better understand how these drugs interact with the GABA A receptor, a research team led by Drs. Jeong Joo Kim and Ryan Hibbs from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center mapped the receptor's atomic structure while it interacted with three different anesthetic drugs (phenobarbital, etomidate, and propofol) and a commonly used benzodiazepine drug called diazepam. (nih.gov)

The aim of this study was to compare the targets of both propofol and sevoflurane within the human spinal cord that might contribute to the suppression of movement. (fu-berlin.de)
Initial sevoflurane and propofol concentrations started at 1.6 Vol% and 4.5 μg/ml, respectively and ranged from 1.2 to 1.6 Vol% (sevoflurane) and 3 to 6 μg/ml (propofol). (fu-berlin.de)
The RIII reflex amplitude was significantly reduced to 19 ± 10% and 27 ± 12% (mean ± SD) of the control values by sevoflurane and propofol, respectively. (fu-berlin.de)
This RCT in 134 low risk children having general anaesthesia with an LMA were randomized between propofol and sevoflurane anaesthesia, with fentanyl analgesia, awake LMA removal and other clinical processes standardized between groups. (spanza.org.au)
They measure the rates of post operative respiratory adverse events, and showed clearly that sevoflurane led to a higher rate across multiple metrics (cough, laryngospasm, desaturation) than propofol. (spanza.org.au)
Most of their propofol anaesthetics were "pure" TIVA, with only 3 needing sevoflurane inductions. (spanza.org.au)
Secondary outcomes measured included emergence agitation and PONV, and for both of these sevoflurane had higher rates than propofol. (spanza.org.au)
This study specifically follows up work done at Perth Children's Hospital on PRAE and propofol-sevoflurane differences. (spanza.org.au)

The success rate for the first attempt of endoscope insertion of children undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in the esketamine group was higher than the nalbuphine group, propofol -related hemodynamic changes were reduced accordingly, while the incidence of esketamine-related adverse effects could be high. (bvsalud.org)

Pharmacodynamic properties of propofol are dependent upon the therapeutic blood propofol concentrations. (nih.gov)
In this study propofol did not induce any contractile response in aortic rings at various concentrations (10(-8)-10(-4) M). Propofol did not significantly alter phenylephrine-induced contractions at lower concentrations (10(-8)-10(-6)M) but at higher concentrations (10(-5)-10(-4)M) the depression caused by propofol was significant in both endothelium-intact and -denuded rings. (cumhuriyet.edu.tr)
The results obtained in this study demonstrate that clinically relevant concentrations of propofol (10(-6)M or less) have no direct vasodilator effects and that it reduces endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine. (cumhuriyet.edu.tr)

Propofol IV produces rapid hypnosis, usually within 40 seconds. (medscape.com)

The investigators have conducted extensive proof-of-principle studies demonstrating that intrapulmonary propofol hemisuccinate (PHS) effectively protects against seizures in animal models. (nih.gov)
This technology includes a stable pharmaceutical formulation of propofol hemisuccinate for inhalation delivery to treat intractable epilepsy and migraine. (nih.gov)

In the mechanistic studies, effects of propofol, amyloid-β protein (Aβ), and GABA receptor antagonist flumazenil on caspase-3 activation and opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore were assessed in H4 human neuroglioma and mouse neuroblastoma cells by western blot analysis and flow cytometry. (nih.gov)
Propofol attenuated Aβ-induced caspase-3 activation and opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in the cells, and flumazenil inhibited the propofol's effects. (nih.gov)
Flumazenil destabilized the site where diazepam, etomidate, and propofol bind, suggesting how it may reverse the action of benzodiazepines and some general anesthetics. (nih.gov)

The patients were given esketamine 0.5â mg/kg and propofol 2â mg/kg intravenously in esketamine group, with nalbuphine 0.2â mg/kg and propofol 2â mg/kg in the nalbuphine group. (bvsalud.org)

Structures of GABA A receptors in complex with the anaesthetics phenobarbital, etomidate and propofol reveal both distinct and common transmembrane binding sites, which are shared in part by the benzodiazepine drug diazepam. (nature.com)
Fig. 2: Interactions of etomidate and propofol. (nature.com)

He ordered a dose of Propofol to further put me out. (undeniableruth.com)

propofol did not significantly reduce the H reflex. (fu-berlin.de)

Propofol was titrated to the clinical endpoints of loss of lid reflex (LLR) and loss of verbal response (LVR). (scitechnol.com)
but the costs are fairly prohibitive compared to generic propofol and it too has characteristics that make it cumbersome to use in various clinical settings. (propofolshortage.com)
Liljeroth E. Pain induced by propofol-clinical studies on drug composition and administration. (uns.ac.id)

Berbagai metode sudah diteliti untuk mengurang nyeri dengan hasil yang berbeda-beda, yaitu dengan penggunaan obat lidokain, fentanil, metokloramid, atau modifikasi non-farmakologis dengan mendinginkan atau menghangatkan, mendilusi propofol, atau menyuntikkan pada vena yang besar. (uns.ac.id)

Subjek dalam penelitian merupakan pasien yang melakukan pembedahan menggunakan induksi propofol dengan kriteria tertentu. (uns.ac.id)
Simpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan efektifitas antara efedrin 30 µg/kgBB intravena dengan lidokain 1 mg/kgBB intravena sebagai premedikasi dalam mengurangi nyeri akibat injeksi propofol. (uns.ac.id)

A GABA receptor embedded in a cell membrane bound with propofol. (nih.gov)

It looks at a very common anaesthetic recipe, applicable to a large number of procedures, and shows clearly that propofol has lower rates of respiratory complications, as well as PONV and emergence agitation (secondary outcomes). (spanza.org.au)

BrIDGs scientists developed and validated analytical methods for the drug substance, synthesized GMP propofol hemmisuccinte, developed a suitable formulation for dosing, and conducted pharmacology and toxicology studies. (nih.gov)

The drug propofol, used during surgery and medical procedures to sedate patients or put them to sleep, could be effective in treating or preventing migraines and seizures. (nih.gov)
Patients can use the inhaler to breathe in propofol just before or during a migraine or seizure. (nih.gov)

IMSEAR at SEARO: Convulsions with propofol: a rare adverse event. (who.int)
We present a rare but potentially harmful adverse reaction of propofol. (who.int)

Together, our results reveal distinct effects of propofol on the two forms of neural variability (TTV and TV). (tmu.edu.tw)

Pretreatment of the endothelium-intact rings with propofol (10(-6) and 10(-5) M) produced a reduction in the relaxant effect of acetylcholine. (cumhuriyet.edu.tr)

Propofol merupakan agen induksi anestesi yang sering digunakan secara luas. (uns.ac.id)
Propofol memiliki masalah lazim yang membuat pasien tidak nyaman karena nyeri pada lokasi injeksi. (uns.ac.id)

The administration of propofol has been associated with abnormal movements collectively termed as seizure-like phenomenon. (who.int)

The final propofol concentration was 5 mg . cc. -1 The initial drip rate approximated the patient's baseline heart rate and adjusted based on response. (scitechnol.com)

We hypothesized that TTV reduction would be compromised during reduced level of consciousness by propofol anesthetics. (tmu.edu.tw)

This study was undertaken to determine the direct actions of propofol, and whether propofol exerts any action on basal endothelium-derived relaxing factor release and vasodilator effect of acetylcholine on phenylephrine-induced contractile responses in isolated rat aortic rings. (cumhuriyet.edu.tr)
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of propofol - nalbuphine and propofol -esketamine in children . (bvsalud.org)
We therefore set out to perform a proof of concept study to determine whether chronic treatment with propofol (50 mg/kg/week) can improve cognitive function in both aged wild-type (WT) and AD transgenic (Tg) mice. (nih.gov)

Die Studie hatte zum Ziel über den Vergleich der Effekte von Sevofluran und Propofol auf den H-Reflex und den RIII Reflex, zwei unterschiedlich im Vorder- und Hinterhorn des Rückenmarks verschaltete spinale Reflexe, Hinweise auf deren Wirkorte oder Mechanismen für das Auslösen chirurgischer Immobilität zu erhalten. (fu-berlin.de)
Während unter Sevofluran-Narkose die H-Reflex Amplitude auf 66 ± 17 % der Kontrollwerte signifikant reduziert wurde, erreichte die Reduktion durch Propofol auf 87 ± 14 % der Kontrollwerte keine Signifikanz. (fu-berlin.de)
Die RIII Reflex Amplitude wurde durch Sevofluran auf 19 ± 10 %, durch Propofol auf 27 ± 12 % der Kontrollwerte signifikant verringert, wobei der Unterschied der Reduktion durch die beiden Medikamente nicht signifikant war. (fu-berlin.de)

Although volatile anesthetics appear to produce immobility by actions on the ventral rather than the dorsal horn, the site of action of propofol remains unclear. (fu-berlin.de)
Just last week Teva announced it was no longer going to produce propofol and Hospira has recalled numerous lots of its propofol. (propofolshortage.com)

Efficacy and safety comparison of esketamine-propofol with nalbuphine-propofol for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in children: a multi-center randomized controlled trial. (bvsalud.org)

Deseusa, K.A. Pain on Propofol Ijection : Causes and Remedies. (uns.ac.id)

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs21

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment14

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes1

Health Care1

Binding of propofol to blood components: implications for pharmacokinetics and for pharmacodynamics. (1/1774)

Mechanisms of bronchoprotection by anesthetic induction agents: propofol versus ketamine. (2/1774)

Propofol concentrations in follicular fluid during general anaesthesia for transvaginal oocyte retrieval. (3/1774)

Mode of action of ICS 205,930, a novel type of potentiator of responses to glycine in rat spinal neurones. (4/1774)

Effects of inhaled oxygen concentration on fat metabolism during propofol infusion in rabbits. (5/1774)

Thiopental and propofol impair relaxation produced by ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers in the rat aorta. (6/1774)

Effect of remifentanil on the auditory evoked response and haemodynamic changes after intubation and surgical incision. (7/1774)

Postsurgical Candida albicans infections associated with an extrinsically contaminated intravenous anesthetic agent. (8/1774)

Propofol

Anesthetics, Intravenous

Hypnotics and Sedatives

Conscious Sedation

Anesthetics, Combined

Anesthesia Recovery Period

Thiopental

Anesthetics, Inhalation

Methyl Ethers

Alfentanil

Anesthesia, General

Deep Sedation

Monitoring, Intraoperative

Midazolam

Etomidate

Methohexital

Fentanyl

Consciousness Monitors

Anesthetics, General

Electroencephalography

Anesthetics

Anesthesia

Isoflurane

Nitrous Oxide

Consciousness

Piperidines

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug

Infusions, Intravenous

Ketamine

Anesthetics, Dissociative

Unconsciousness

Adjuvants, Anesthesia

Emulsions

Infusion Pumps

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures

Preanesthetic Medication

Anesthesia, Inhalation

Intubation, Intratracheal

Binding of propofol to blood components: implications for pharmacokinetics and for pharmacodynamics. (1/1774)

Mechanisms of bronchoprotection by anesthetic induction agents: propofol versus ketamine. (2/1774)

Propofol concentrations in follicular fluid during general anaesthesia for transvaginal oocyte retrieval. (3/1774)

Mode of action of ICS 205,930, a novel type of potentiator of responses to glycine in rat spinal neurones. (4/1774)

Effects of inhaled oxygen concentration on fat metabolism during propofol infusion in rabbits. (5/1774)

Thiopental and propofol impair relaxation produced by ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers in the rat aorta. (6/1774)

Effect of remifentanil on the auditory evoked response and haemodynamic changes after intubation and surgical incision. (7/1774)

Postsurgical Candida albicans infections associated with an extrinsically contaminated intravenous anesthetic agent. (8/1774)

Propofol

Propofol infusion syndrome

Karl Kirchwey

Rapid sequence induction

Soy allergy

Brazilian Controlled Drugs and Substances Act

4-Iodopropofol

Antiemetic

Sevoflurane

Adverse effect

Imperial Chemical Industries

Lee Seung-yeon

Total intravenous anaesthesia

Jang Mi-inae

Anesthesia awareness

Michael Jackson

Honokiol

Health and appearance of Michael Jackson

Midazolam

Γ-Aminobutyric acid

Conrad Murray

Park Si-yeon

Cardioversion

Ketamine

Outcomes Research Consortium

Ketofol

People v. Murray

Traumatic brain injury

Bispectral index

Genetics of migraine headaches

Browsing by Subject "Propofol"

Comparison of high (5%) and low (1%) concentrations of micellar microemulsion propofol formulations with a standard (1%) lipid...

Indian Journal of Pharmacology- Pharmacokinetics of H2-antagonists during propofol or thiopentone anaesthesia in rats :...

Claris Lifesciences settles propofol patent litigation with Fresenius