Radon: A naturally radioactive element with atomic symbol Rn, atomic number 86, and atomic weight 222. It is a member of the noble gas family found in soil, and is released during the decay of radium.Radon Daughters: Short-lived radioactive decay products of radon that include 216-Po, 214-Pb, 214-Bi, and 214-Po. They have an effective half-life of about 30 minutes and are solids that can deposit on the bronchial airways during inhalation and exhalation. This results in exposure of the respiratory airways to alpha radiation and can lead to diseases of the respiratory system, including lung cancer. (From Casarett and Doull's Toxicology, 4th ed, p740)Air Pollutants, Radioactive: Pollutants, present in air, which exhibit radioactivity.Air Pollution, RadioactiveMiningAir Pollution, Indoor: The contamination of indoor air.Uranium: Uranium. A radioactive element of the actinide series of metals. It has an atomic symbol U, atomic number 92, and atomic weight 238.03. U-235 is used as the fissionable fuel in nuclear weapons and as fuel in nuclear power reactors.Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced: Tumors, cancer or other neoplasms produced by exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation.Radioactive Pollutants: Radioactive substances which act as pollutants. They include chemicals whose radiation is released via radioactive waste, nuclear accidents, fallout from nuclear explosions, and the like.Carcinogens, Environmental: Carcinogenic substances that are found in the environment.Radiation Monitoring: The observation, either continuously or at intervals, of the levels of radiation in a given area, generally for the purpose of assuring that they have not exceeded prescribed amounts or, in case of radiation already present in the area, assuring that the levels have returned to those meeting acceptable safety standards.Housing: Living facilities for humans.Environmental Remediation: Removal of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS or contaminants for the general protection of the environment. This is accomplished by various chemical, biological, and bulk movement methods, in conjunction with ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING.Soil Pollutants, Radioactive: Pollutants, present in soil, which exhibit radioactivity.Background Radiation: Radiation from sources other than the source of interest. It is due to cosmic rays and natural radioactivity in the environment.Lung Neoplasms: Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.Environmental Exposure: The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals.Water Pollutants, Radioactive: Pollutants, present in water or bodies of water, which exhibit radioactivity.Monte Carlo Method: In statistics, a technique for numerically approximating the solution of a mathematical problem by studying the distribution of some random variable, often generated by a computer. The name alludes to the randomness characteristic of the games of chance played at the gambling casinos in Monte Carlo. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed, 1993)Alpha Particles: Positively charged particles composed of two protons and two NEUTRONS, i.e. equivalent to HELIUM nuclei, which are emitted during disintegration of heavy ISOTOPES. Alpha rays have very strong ionizing power, but weak penetrability.Carcinoma, Bronchogenic: Malignant neoplasm arising from the epithelium of the BRONCHI. It represents a large group of epithelial lung malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA.Lung: Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.Physical Processes: The forces and principles of action of matter and energy.Injections, Jet: The injection of solutions into the skin by compressed air devices so that only the solution pierces the skin.Radioactivity: The spontaneous transformation of a nuclide into one or more different nuclides, accompanied by either the emission of particles from the nucleus, nuclear capture or ejection of orbital electrons, or fission. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)Mechanics: The branch of physics which deals with the motions of material bodies, including kinematics, dynamics, and statics. When the laws of mechanics are applied to living structures, as to the locomotor system, it is referred to as BIOMECHANICAL PHENOMENA. (From Dorland, 28th ed)Surgical Mesh: Any woven or knit material of open texture used in surgery for the repair, reconstruction, or substitution of tissue. The mesh is usually a synthetic fabric made of various polymers. It is occasionally made of metal.PubMed: A bibliographic database that includes MEDLINE as its primary subset. It is produced by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), part of the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. PubMed, which is searchable through NLM's Web site, also includes access to additional citations to selected life sciences journals not in MEDLINE, and links to other resources such as the full-text of articles at participating publishers' Web sites, NCBI's molecular biology databases, and PubMed Central.Periodicals as Topic: A publication issued at stated, more or less regular, intervals.Bibliography of Medicine: A list of works, documents, and other publications on medical subjects and topics of interest to the field of medicine.BooksPublishing: "The business or profession of the commercial production and issuance of literature" (Webster's 3d). It includes the publisher, publication processes, editing and editors. Production may be by conventional printing methods or by electronic publishing.MEDLINE: The premier bibliographic database of the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. MEDLINE® (MEDLARS Online) is the primary subset of PUBMED and can be searched on NLM's Web site in PubMed or the NLM Gateway. MEDLINE references are indexed with MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MeSH).Information Storage and Retrieval: Organized activities related to the storage, location, search, and retrieval of information.Health Fairs: Community health education events focused on prevention of disease and promotion of health through audiovisual exhibits.Diving: An activity in which the organism plunges into water. It includes scuba and bell diving. Diving as natural behavior of animals goes here, as well as diving in decompression experiments with humans or animals.Barotrauma: Injury following pressure changes; includes injury to the eustachian tube, ear drum, lung and stomach.Inert Gas Narcosis: Progressive mental disturbances and unconsciousness due to breathing mixtures of oxygen and inert gases (argon, helium, xenon, krypton, and atmospheric nitrogen) at high pressure.Noble Gases: Elements that constitute group 18 (formerly the zero group) of the periodic table. They are gases that generally do not react chemically.Decompression Sickness: A condition occurring as a result of exposure to a rapid fall in ambient pressure. Gases, nitrogen in particular, come out of solution and form bubbles in body fluid and blood. These gas bubbles accumulate in joint spaces and the peripheral circulation impairing tissue oxygenation causing disorientation, severe pain, and potentially death.Decompression: Decompression external to the body, most often the slow lessening of external pressure on the whole body (especially in caisson workers, deep sea divers, and persons who ascend to great heights) to prevent DECOMPRESSION SICKNESS. It includes also sudden accidental decompression, but not surgical (local) decompression or decompression applied through body openings.Health Physics: The science concerned with problems of radiation protection relevant to reducing or preventing radiation exposure, and the effects of ionizing radiation on humans and their environment.Privacy: The state of being free from intrusion or disturbance in one's private life or affairs. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed, 1993)Confidentiality: The privacy of information and its protection against unauthorized disclosure.Physics: The study of those aspects of energy and matter in terms of elementary principles and laws. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)Computer Security: Protective measures against unauthorized access to or interference with computer operating systems, telecommunications, or data structures, especially the modification, deletion, destruction, or release of data in computers. It includes methods of forestalling interference by computer viruses or so-called computer hackers aiming to compromise stored data.Informed Consent: Voluntary authorization, by a patient or research subject, with full comprehension of the risks involved, for diagnostic or investigative procedures, and for medical and surgical treatment.Health Status: The level of health of the individual, group, or population as subjectively assessed by the individual or by more objective measures.Xanthine: A purine base found in most body tissues and fluids, certain plants, and some urinary calculi. It is an intermediate in the degradation of adenosine monophosphate to uric acid, being formed by oxidation of hypoxanthine. The methylated xanthine compounds caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline and their derivatives are used in medicine for their bronchodilator effects. (Dorland, 28th ed)Air: The mixture of gases present in the earth's atmosphere consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases.Pentosyltransferases: Enzymes of the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of a pentose group from one compound to another.Leishmania donovani: A parasitic hemoflagellate of the subgenus Leishmania leishmania that infects man and animals and causes visceral leishmaniasis (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL). The sandfly genera Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia are the vectors.Bibliometrics: The use of statistical methods in the analysis of a body of literature to reveal the historical development of subject fields and patterns of authorship, publication, and use. Formerly called statistical bibliography. (from The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)Newspapers: Publications printed and distributed daily, weekly, or at some other regular and usually short interval, containing news, articles of opinion (as editorials and letters), features, advertising, and announcements of current interest. (Webster's 3d ed)
George Samuel HurstHurst, G. S., Wright, H. A., & Hopke, P. K. (20 April 1993). System for determining health risk due to radon progeny and uses ... System for determining health risk due to radon progeny and uses thereof, 1993. Instrument simulator system, 1994. Instrument ... Radon monitor and control system based upon alpha particle detection. U.S. Patent No. 5,026,986. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent ... Radon monitor and control system based upon alpha particle detection, 1991. ...
Martell EA (Mar 1983). "alpha-Radiation dose at bronchial bifurcations of smokers from indoor exposure to radon progeny". ... Current research shows that tobacco smokers who are exposed to residential radon are twice as likely to develop lung cancer as ... Lubin JH, Steindorf K (Jan 1995). "Cigarette use and the estimation of lung cancer attributable to radon in the United States ... lead-210 and polonium-210 and radon. The radioactive smoke from tobacco fertilized this way is deposited in lungs and releases ...
If radon progeny are present, they are assumed to be at equilibrium and generating a constant countrate that adds to the ... This "parent-progeny" or decay chain situation is especially relevant to so-called "radon-thoron" (RnTn) or natural airborne ... The particulate radioactive material might be natural, e.g., radon decay products ("progeny", e.g., 212Pb), or manmade, usually ... such as is used for Radon compensation, is required. Radioiodine (especially 131I) monitoring is often done using a particulate ...
"Effective doses in schools based on nanosize radon progeny aerosols", Atmospheric Environment, 2006, 40, 7494-7507 Michael ...
Greenfield, M.B.; A. Iwata; N. Ito; M. Ishigaki; K. Kubo (2006). Intense γ radiation from radon progeny accreted in/on rain ... Radon is related to indoor air quality as it blights many homes. (See "Radon in Houses" below.) The radon (222Rn) released into ... Note that exposure to smoke at the same time as radon and radon daughters will increase the harmful effect of the radon. In ... Radon is a decay product of radium which in turn is a decay product of uranium. It is possible to acquire maps of average radon ...
Extended periods of exposure to 222Rn and its progeny ultimately induce lung cancer.[8] Alternatively, radon may enter the body ... Radon-222 (222Rn, Rn-222, historically radium emanation or radon) is the most stable isotope of radon, with a half-life of ... Radon-222 is generated in the uranium series from the alpha decay of radium-226, which has a half-life of 1600 years. Radon-222 ... In 1957, the name radon, formerly the name of only radon-222, became the name of the element. Owing to its gaseous nature and ...
The development of radon chamber based on dynamic replenishment model | (2006) | Zhou | Publications | Spie... radon chamber is in urgent need with the deepening study on Radon and its progeny. According to the requirement of calibrating ... By the reason of radon decay, the radon concentration in the chamber is continuously changing. The radon concentration must ... The structure of radon chamber and the design flow system is presented in detail. The main performance parameter of the radon ... The supply and control of radon in the chamber is a critical problem in the design of Radon chamber. The paper introduced the ...
Affected Model of Indoor Radon Concentrations Based on Lifestyle, Greenery Ratio, and Radon Levels in GroundwaterRadon is a gas that decays from uranium (U-238). Its progeny can attach to aerosol and dust, and tends to get into the lungs [1 ... Radon and its progeny pose environmental risks as a carcinogen, especially to the lungs. Investigating factors affecting indoor ... Indoor radon dosimetry. In this study, indoor radon concentration was collected and analyzed for 3 months during Korean winter ... Accordingly, this means that radon levels in groundwater can be a predictor of the degree of radon content in the surrounding ...
Occupational Exposure to Radon Progeny in Underground Mines (88-101) | NIOSH | CDC... recommends that worker exposure to radon progeny in underground mines be controlled by compliance with this recommended ... A Recommended Standard for Occupational Exposure to Radon Progeny in Underground Mines pdf icon[PDF - 9,420 KB] ... The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends that worker exposure to radon progeny in ... A Recommended Standard for Occupational Exposure to Radon Progeny in Underground Mines. ...
How will the new dose coefficients for radon progeny affect your doses? | ARPANSACommission on Radiological Protection have re-evaluated how they estimate lung cancer risk for exposure to radon progeny and ... You can find the ARPANSA Advisory Note - New dose coefficients for radon progeny: impact on workers and the public on our Radon ... The inhalation of radon and its progeny is recognised as a cause of lung cancer. However tobacco smoking is the main cause of ... How will the new dose coefficients for radon progeny affect your doses?. 5 February 2018 ...
Radon Progeny Exposure and Lung Cancer: A Mortality Study of Newfoundland Fluorspar Miners 1950-2001 (RSP-0193) - Canadian...Radon and radon decay products (RDP) also referred to as "radon progeny" emit types of radiation that are hazardous to peoples ... Radon Progeny Exposure and Lung Cancer: A Mortality Study of Newfoundland Fluorspar Miners 1950-2001 (RSP-0193). Related links ... Radon Progeny Exposure and Lung Cancer: A Mortality Study of Newfoundland Fluorspar Miners 1950-2001 (RSP-0193) ... The International Radon Project, an initiative of the World Health Organization. * More questions about radon in uranium mines ...
Study of deposited energy in lung tissue from radon's progeny calculated by Monte Carlo1. V.I. Beir, Health effects of exposure to radon (National Academic Press. Washington 1999). [ Links ]. ... Because the deposited 222Rn progeny distribution in lung airways, these sources can contribute hardly to critical cells ... most important different target cell layers for the main BB and bb branch generations considering the radioactive 222Rn progeny ...
Estimating the health benefits of progeny extraction units as a means of reducing exposure to radon - NECTAR... a measure of the ratio of progeny to radon gas - of between 0.4 to 0.5. As a result, systems which extract radon progeny from ... Radon exposure to the general public can be reduced by preventing entry of radon gas into buildings using a passive radon-proof ... Estimating the health benefits of progeny extraction units as a means of reducing exposure to radon ... Estimating the health benefits of progeny extraction units as a means of reducing exposure to radon. In: Proceedings of the 3rd ...
Radon Progeny Measured Using the Kusnetz MethodIn this method, an air sample is drawn through a filter for some time. The activity on the filter is then allowed to decay for at least 40 minutes, but less than 90 minutes. The activity on the filter is then counted in the TM372. The decay and counting times should be chosen so that the time between the end of sampling and the middle of counting is between 40 and 90 minutes. This method is sometimes used by inspectors in underground mines because it is possible to take a series of samples in a short time and then evaluate them on surface. When results are needed quickly, the Rolle method is more practical and is more commonly used. Notes: ...
Evaluation of Exposure to Radon Progeny during Closure of Inactive Uranium Mines. HHE Program investigators evaluated employee ... Investigators found that the potential for exposures to radon was low. In some instances, controls were needed to keep ... exposures to radon while constructing mine closures at abandoned uranium mines. ...
Cellular burdens and biological effects on tissue level caused by inhaled radon progenies<...Cellular burdens and biological effects on tissue level caused by inhaled radon progenies. / Madas, B. G.; Balásházy, I.; ... The results are in agreement with the histological finding that the uneven deposition distribution of radon progenies may lead ... The results are in agreement with the histological finding that the uneven deposition distribution of radon progenies may lead ... The results are in agreement with the histological finding that the uneven deposition distribution of radon progenies may lead ...
The Radon Calibration Laboratory for devices determining the exposure to radon and radon progenies is an essential element for ... BfS service: quality assurance of radon measurement devices and devices measuring radon progenies. The BfS Radon Calibration ... Calibration of devices measuring radon-222 progeniesshow / hide. The calibration of measurement devices for radon-222 progenies ... Calibration of active radon-222 measurement devices and its short-lived progeniesshow / hide. The Radon Calibration Laboratory ...
ROOM MODEL WITH THREE MODAL DISTRIBUTIONS OF ATTACHED RADON PROGENY. Nikezic, D; Stevanovic, N ...
Radon progeny.. *What is the main source of indoor radon gas? *UV radiation from the sun. ... Where Is Radon Found? *Describe how you can determine whether you are exposed to increased levels of radon in your home. ... Where Is Radon Found? *Describe how you can determine whether you are exposed to increased levels of radon in your home. ... Who Is at Risk of Exposure to Radon? *Describe those at risk from exposure to radon as an environmental cause of lung cancer ...
The Complete Air Filter MERV Rating Chart - Grainger KnowHowRadon progeny. · Odor. · Microscopic allergens. Filters down to less than 0.30 micron particle size ...
It slowly breaks down to other products such as radium, which breaks down to radon. Some of the radon moves to the soil surface ... Uranium, radium, and thus radon, will continue to exist indefinitely at about the same levels as they do now. ... Radon is a naturally occurring colorless, odorless, tasteless radioactive gas that is formed from the normal radioactive decay ... Is there a medical test to determine whether I have been exposed to radon and radon progeny?. Radon progeny in urine and in ...
Hurst, G. S., Wright, H. A., & Hopke, P. K. (20 April 1993). System for determining health risk due to radon progeny and uses ... System for determining health risk due to radon progeny and uses thereof, 1993. Instrument simulator system, 1994. Instrument ... Radon monitor and control system based upon alpha particle detection. U.S. Patent No. 5,026,986. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent ... Radon monitor and control system based upon alpha particle detection, 1991. ...
Case Study 38: Radon Toxicity | Environmental Medicine: Integrating a Missing Element into Medical Education | The National...Radon Toxicity: People are increasingly concerned about potential environmental health hazards and often ask their physicians ... These devices measure radon gas levels, rather than radon progeny; thus, the units reported are in picocuries of radon per ... Radon progeny can be inhaled either as free particles or attached to dust. Free progeny preferentially deposit in the bronchi, ... The smaller dust particles can deposit the radon progeny deep in the lungs. Being ionized, the progeny tend to attach to the ...
Martell EA (Mar 1983). "alpha-Radiation dose at bronchial bifurcations of smokers from indoor exposure to radon progeny". ... Current research shows that tobacco smokers who are exposed to residential radon are twice as likely to develop lung cancer as ... Lubin JH, Steindorf K (Jan 1995). "Cigarette use and the estimation of lung cancer attributable to radon in the United States ... lead-210 and polonium-210 and radon. The radioactive smoke from tobacco fertilized this way is deposited in lungs and releases ...
The EPA National Library Catalog | EPA National Library Network | US EPAAge-Dependent Lung Dosimetry of Radon Progeny.. Author. Hofmann, W. ; Martonen, T. B. ; Menache, M. G. ; ... Radon ; Dosimetry ; Lung ; Models ; Risk ; Respiratory diseases ; Carcinogens ; Morphology ; Ionizing radiation ; Dose rate ; ...
Seasonal variation of radon thoron and their progeny levels in dwellings of Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh - International...In the present work, seasonal variation of indoor radon, thoron and their progeny concentrations has been studied in the ... Radon and thoron are invisible, odorless, heavy and radioactive gases which are ubiquitously present in dwellings and in the ... radon-thoron levels and inhalation dose due to radon and thoron and their progeny in dwellings indicate that the levels were ... Seasonal variation of radon, thoron and their progeny levels in dwellings of Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh ...
Genetic modifiers of radon-induced lung cancer risk: a genome-wide interaction study in former uranium miners | SpringerLinkPurpose Radon is a risk factor for lung cancer and uranium miners are more exposed than the general population. A genome-wide ... GWAS Radon progeny Occupational exposure Gene-environment interaction DNA repair Heike Bickeböller and Maria Gomolka ... Baias PF, Hofmann W, Winkler-Heil R, Cosma C, Duliu OG (2010) Lung dosimetry for inhaled radon progeny in smokers. Radiat Prot ... residential radon, and lung cancer in a radon prone area. J Thorac Oncol Off Publ Int Assoc Study Lung Cancer 9(8):1073-1080. ...
Radon | Encyclopedia.comOverview Radon is the last member of the noble gas family. The noble gases are the elements that make up Group 18 (VIIIA) of ... RADON (REVISED) Note: This article, originally published in 1998, was updated in 2006 for the eBook edition. ... Radon continues to break down into products called radon progeny. Radon is measured in units called picocuries per liter (pCi/L ... Radon Encyclopedia of Public Health COPYRIGHT 2002 The Gale Group Inc.. RADON. Radon-222 and radon-220 (thoron) are invisible, ...
... you will be able to identify the most important radon exposure route. ... Exposure to radon by the oral route can occur as a result of radon gas dissolving in water. Radon and its progeny are present ... The layers of dead skin protect the body from exposure to alpha radiation from radon and its progeny. Dermal exposure to radon ... Radon is a gas, but its radon progeny are charged and often attached to dust. ...
Related Articles by Review for PubMed (Select 16608828) - PubMed - NCBILung cancer risk from radon and progeny and statement on radon.. Tirmarche M, Harrison JD, Laurier D, Paquet F, Blanchardon E, ... Radon in indoor spaces: an underestimated risk factor for lung cancer in environmental medicine. ... Radon Exposure: Using the Spectrum of Prevention Framework to Increase Healthcare Provider Awareness. ... A combined analysis of North American case-control studies of residential radon and lung cancer. ...
Genomics; Genetic factors; Genes; Lung cancer; Radon; Uranium miners; Author Keywords: GWAS; Radon progeny; Occupational ... Purpose: Radon is a risk factor for lung cancer and uranium miners are more exposed than the general population. A genome-wide ... Genetic modifiers of radon-induced lung cancer risk: a genome-wide interaction study in former uranium miners. ... The well-established association of the genomic region 15q25 to lung cancer might be influenced by exposure to radon among ...
DecayRadiationDecaysDaughtersConcentration of radonDwellingsInhalationGaseousDepositionAbstractRadiumMinersMean radon concentrationsConcentrations of radonBronchialColorlessControl of radonNaturallyInertRadioactive elementsDose coefficients for radonMeasurement of radonMitigation systemThoriumAssociated with radon exposureReducing the radon gas concentrationCoefficientsCarcinogenRadionuclidesMeasurements of radon gasCause of lung cancerThoronOccupational ExposureLung cancer mortalityRisk from radonInduce lung cancerMethodsIndoor radon exposureResidential radon exposureReduce radon concentrations
- Radon and radon decay products (RDP) also referred to as "radon progeny" emit types of radiation that are hazardous to people's health. (gc.ca)
- Radon is an odourless, colourless radioactive gas that occurs naturally in the environment as a result of the radioactive decay of uranium in soils and rocks. (gc.ca)
- Radon decays through a series of very short-lived elements (polonium-218, lead-214, bismuth-214 and polonium-214) called radon decay products. (gc.ca)
- However, a significant majority of the radiation dose delivered is from the decay products of radon rather than from the gas itself. (northampton.ac.uk)
- These decay products (also referred to as progeny) are present in indoor air, with an equilibrium factor - a measure of the ratio of progeny to radon gas - of between 0.4 to 0.5. (northampton.ac.uk)
- This software was used to estimate the health benefits associated with reduced decay products in differing concentrations of radon gas. (northampton.ac.uk)
- As radon undergoes radioactive decay, it gives off radiation and becomes another radioactive element. (cdc.gov)
- Radon isotopes are formed naturally through the radioactive decay of uranium or thorium. (cdc.gov)
- Uranium and thorium decay to other elements such as radium (a solid), which in turn decays into radon (a gas). (cdc.gov)
- Because tobacco is naturally sticky, many radon decay products actually stick to tobacco products. (cdc.gov)
- The air quality model considers the transport of radioactive dust particulates and radon progeny due to air exchange, deposition and resuspension, and radioactive decay and ingrowth. (unt.edu)
- This document examines the occupational health risks associated with exposures to radon progeny (radon and its short-lived, alpha-radiation- emitting, radioactive decay products) in underground mines, and it establishes criteria for minimizing the risks encountered by miners. (cdc.gov)
- Radon gas is formed during the radioactive decay of uranium-238, which is naturally present in rocks and soils in the environment. (aacrjournals.org)
- It was also observed that α-particles emitted from radon decay products can damage DNA in human lung tissue ( 2 ). (aacrjournals.org)
- this means that one-half of a given amount of radon will decay to radon progeny every 4 days. (cdc.gov)
- When radon or radon progeny undergo radioactive decay, some of the decays expel high-energy alpha particles, which are the main source of health concerns. (cdc.gov)
- 1 Most lung cancers are caused by cigarette smoking, but another recognised lung carcinogen 2 is the chemically inert gas radon-222 (half-life four days), a ubiquitous natural air pollutant arising from radioactive decay of the uranium-238 present throughout the earth's crust. (bmj.com)
- The decay chain of uranium-238, known as the uranium series or radium series, of which radon-222 is a member. (wikipedia.org)
- Radon-222 is generated in the uranium series from the alpha decay of radium-226, which has a half-life of 1600 years. (wikipedia.org)
- All radon isotopes are hazardous owing to their radioactivity, gaseous nature, chemical inertness, and radioactivity of their decay products (progeny). (wikipedia.org)
- Alternatively, radon may enter the body through contaminated drinking water or through the decay of ingested radium - making radon diffusion one of the greatest dangers of radium. (wikipedia.org)
- Radon 222 Rn) is a naturally occurring radioactive gas generated by the decay of the naturally occurring 238 U series [1, (omicsonline.org)
- Radon is directly produced by the decay of radium ( 226 Ra) which is present in soil, rocks, building materials, underground and surface waters [ 1 , 3 ]. (omicsonline.org)
- The gamma decay from the radon adsorbed to the charcoal is counted on a scintillation detector and a calculation based on calibration information is used to calculate the radon concentration at the sample site. (nrsb.org)
- When alpha particles from radon and its decay products strike the detector, they cause damage tracks. (nrsb.org)
- The unfiltered alpha track detector operates on the same principle as the alpha track detector, except that there is no filter present to remove radon decay products and other alpha particle emitters. (nrsb.org)
- Without a filter, the concentration of radon decay products decaying within the "striking range" of the detector depends on the equilibrium ratio of radon decay products to radon present in the area being tested, not simply the concentration of radon. (nrsb.org)
- Unfiltered detectors that use cellulose nitrate film exhibit an energy dependency that causes radon decay products that plate out on the detector not to be recorded. (nrsb.org)
- During the measurement period, radon diffuses through a filter-covered opening in the chamber, where the ionization resulting from the decay of radon and its progeny reduces the voltage on the electret. (nrsb.org)
- Radon is formed by the natural radioactive decay of uranium in rock, soil, and water. (sosradon.org)
- Radon is the product of the indirect decay product of uranium or thorium. (digitaljournal.com)
- As radon decays, it produces new radioactive elements termed decay products. (digitaljournal.com)
- Radon-222 is a member of the radioactive decay chain of uranium-238. (radon.com)
- Radon-220 is formed in the decay chain of thorium-232. (radon.com)
- Radon-222 decays in a sequence of radionuclides called radon decay products, radon daughters, or radon progeny. (radon.com)
- Atmospheric releases of radon-222 results in the formation of decay products that are radioisotopes of heavy metals (polonium, lead, bismuth) and rapidly attach to other airborne materials such as dust and other materials facilitating inhalation. (radon.com)
- Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas and comes from the natural breakdown (radioactive decay) of uranium. (radon.com)
- These radioactive elements include uranium (U), thorium (Th) and their numerous decay products, including radium (Ra) and radon (Rn). (rsc.org)
- By the reason of radon decay, the radon concentration in the chamber is continuously changing. (spie.org)
- The paper introduced the mathematic model of dynamic radon replenishment according to the law of radon decay, three time parameters to replenish radon is discussed. (spie.org)
- When radon undergoes radioactive decay, it emits ionizing radiation in the form of alpha particles. (ehso.com)
- It also produces short-lived decay products, often called progeny or daughters, some of which are also radioactive. (ehso.com)
- The decay of progeny continues until stable, non-radioactive progeny are formed. (ehso.com)
- Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that is created as part of the natural radioactive decay chain of uranium. (cdc.gov)
- More precisely, we proposed several hierarchical models and conducted Bayesian inference for these models in order to obtain corrected risk estimates on the association between exposure to radon and its decay products and lung cancer mortality in the French cohort of uranium miners. (irsn.fr)
- A weakness of this approach is that thoron B ( 212 Pb) does not have a detectable alpha parent and the next alpha progeny must decay through an isotope ( 212 Bi) with a half-life of 60.6 min. (ans.org)
- In 2017, we published the Guide for Radiation Protection in Existing Exposure Situations which includes guidance for managing exposure to radon in homes and workplaces. (arpansa.gov.au)
- Because there were no other radiation exposures, it was possible to assess the risk from radon alone. (gc.ca)
- The Federal Office for Radiation Protection ( BfS ) operates an accredited calibration service laboratory for quality assurance of radon and radon progeny measurements. (bfs.de)
- The Radon Calibration Laboratory for devices determining the exposure to radon and radon progenies is an essential element for assuring the quality of measurements in the field of radiation protection . (bfs.de)
- This is accompanied by proceedings to recognize the organizational, technical, and professional pre-conditions for the metrological monitoring of radon -222-exposures during work activities according to part 3 chapter 2 of the Radiation Protection Ordinance. (bfs.de)
- Since radon and its progeny are present together in rock, soil, water, air, and construction materials, you will be exposed to the low-level radiation they give off just by being near them. (cdc.gov)
- Naturally occurring sources of radiation include radon and other radioactive elements in air, water, soil, or building materials, as well as cosmic radiation from space. (cdc.gov)
- This radiation gives a radiation dose to people when they are exposed to radon. (cdc.gov)
- The radiation dose from radon and its progeny is measured in terms of the energy that they impart to tissue (in units called gray or rem for public exposure, or working levels for occupational exposure). (cdc.gov)
- This is followed by radon (37%, 228 mrem), which is the largest source of background radiation. (cdc.gov)
- The dose of ionizing radiation from radon comes from soil, water, natural gas, and building materials. (cdc.gov)
- It is primarily the progeny-carrying dust particulates that deposit in the lungs and give a radiation dose to the lung tissue. (cdc.gov)
- The layers of dead skin protect the body from exposure to alpha radiation from radon and its progeny. (cdc.gov)
- For the U.S. general public, radon is second only to medical radiation as the principal ionizing-radiation exposure source. (cdc.gov)
- Even worse, while Radon is a gas, and easily breathed in, Polonium is a solid, which sits in your lungs, emitting even more damaging radiation. (thenakedscientists.com)
- Radiation dose to the respiratory system due to radon and its daughter products. (semanticscholar.org)
- The Federal Office for Radiation Protection ( BfS ) operates a calibration service laboratory to assure the quality of measurements of radon and radon progenies. (bfs.de)
- Within the scope of the coordinating office for the monitoring of elevated natural radioactivity , hosted by the BfS , the laboratory represents the recognized metrological reference for the implementation of part 3 chapter 2 of the Radiation Protection Ordinance with regard to the protection against elevated levels of exposures to radon at workplaces and in dwellings. (bfs.de)
- Many scientists believe that the alpha radiation dose from long-term exposure to elevated levels of radon progeny in air increases your chance of getting lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
- Also Radiation Station Santa Monica is not impacted by radon progeny affecting our rain readings hence no heightened radiation as has been the case at this site since measurements for Fukushima radiation began 3/15/11, four days after the meltdowns began. (enviroreporter.com)
- Outdoor radon concentrations are usually low, but indoors they are higher, especially in houses and other small buildings, and in most countries radon is the largest source of exposure to natural ionising radiation. (bmj.com)
- 3 For most people the bronchial dose of radiation is determined principally by the concentration of radon in the home. (bmj.com)
- Studies of radon related lung cancer have quantified the risk in terms of radon concentration rather than radiation dose because concentrations can be measured directly. (bmj.com)
- National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Evaluation of Occupational and Environmental Exposures to Radon and Radon Daughters in the United States, NCRP Report No. 78, Bethesda, MD (1984). (springer.com)
- You can order a radon monitor from our Personal Radiation Monitoring Service to help you measure the levels of radon in your home or workplace. (arpansa.gov.au)
- Radon and its progeny are the most significant natural sources of radiation exposure to the general population [ 3 ] contributing to about half of the total effective dose delivered to humans from all sources of ionizing radiation. (omicsonline.org)
- Moreover, radon has been considered as an additional factor of radiation burden in stomach mainly due to water consumption [ 5 , 6 ]. (omicsonline.org)
- The alpha radiation emitted by radon is the same alpha radiation emitted by other alpha generating radiation sources such as plutonium. (radon.com)
- A family whose home has radon levels of 4 pCi/L is exposed to approximately 35 times as much radiation as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission would allow if that family was standing next to the fence of a radioactive waste site. (radon.com)
- An elementary school student that spends 8 hours per day and 180 days per year in a classroom with 4 pCi/L of radon will receive nearly 10 times as much radiation as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission allows at the edge of a nuclear power plant. (radon.com)
- In this study, a pre-operational radiological baseline of the site and the occupational radiation exposures due to radon progeny in the mine were determined. (rsc.org)
- Energy deposition and radiation quality of radon and radon daughters. (unt.edu)
- Both sets of readings suggest radiation in excess of 5 times normal in areas of the Los Angeles Basin where we have concluded that no radon progeny is impacting the readings. (enviroreporter.com)
- Radon progeny are gaseous emissions of radiation from thorium and uranium occurring naturally in the earth. (enviroreporter.com)
- The spikes in alpha and beta radiation in HEPA filter dust after 42 days of use at Radiation Station - Santa Monica, shown in the videos A Whole HEPA Trouble #1 and A Whole HEPA Trouble #2 , therefore are not attributable to radon progeny or background sources. (enviroreporter.com)
- The research result can be used to calibrate the radon monitors, biological test on radiation environment and radiation medicine test. (spie.org)
- When testing measures radiation from the progeny, rather than radon itself, the measurements are usually expressed in working level (WL) units. (ehso.com)
- When radiation from radon is measured directly, the amount is usually expressed in picocuries per liter of air (pCi/L). (ehso.com)
- In 1998, the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) released the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR VI) Report , 'The Health Effects of Exposure to Indoor Radon. (ehso.com)
- Publications] O. Ariyada: 'A Porlabla Apparatus for Contrunously Measuring Radon-222 Exhalation from Ground' Inter Congress on Radiation Prolection. (nii.ac.jp)
- Publications] K.Nishimura, S.Mochizuki and T.Tanji: 'On the simultaneous indoor measurement of the exhalation rates of radon gas from open soil and the concentration of radon progeny in the surrounding air' Int.Cong.on Radiation Protection. (nii.ac.jp)
- Now, scientists, however, deem radon to be dangerous also at low concentrations and therefore have increased the classification of its radiation effects: radon gas is now officially classified as contributing just as strongly to the exposure rate of the general public as medical diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.The EU-wide applicable standard values for radon in buildings have thus been lowered. (innovations-report.com)
- As radon decays, it emits a powerful alpha particle, which damages DNA, eventually leading to lung cancer (after years of exposure). (thenakedscientists.com)
- Radon progeny is the term given to those radioactive atoms with short half-lives into which radon quickly decays. (cdc.gov)
- Radon progeny are solid particles that can be trapped inside the earth or, if in the air when radon decays, can attach to dust and other particles and move with the air. (cdc.gov)
- Radon-222 itself alpha decays to polonium-218 with a half-life of approximately 3.82 days, making it the most stable isotope of radon. (wikipedia.org)
- Radon-222 is especially dangerous because its longer half-life allows it to permeate soil and rocks, where it is produced in trace quantities from decays of uranium-238, and concentrate in buildings and uranium mines . (wikipedia.org)
- Radon gas decays into radioactive particles that can get trapped in your lungs when you breathe. (sosradon.org)
- Radon escapes easily from the ground into the air, where it decays and emits radioactive particles. (digitaljournal.com)
- Radon breaks down (decays) into solid radioactive elements called radon progeny (such as polonium-218, polonium-214, and lead-214). (digitaljournal.com)
- Applying computational fluid and particle dynamics techniques, the deposition distribution of inhaled radon daughters has been determined in a bronchial airway model for 23 min of work in the New Mexico uranium mine corresponding to 0.0129 WLM exposure. (elsevier.com)
- The elements that radon changes into are called radon daughters or radon progeny. (cdc.gov)
- 9:30pm 10-minute INTERIOR average RAIN SAMPLE: 44.9 CPM^ meaning rain sample has no added radioactivity and is not impacted by radon daughters or progeny. (enviroreporter.com)
- Radon daughters ranged from 0.001 WL in outside air to a high of 0.014 WL, again in the energy-efficient home. (unl.edu)
- Unlike the gaseous radon itself, these so-termed "radon daughters" are solid particulates and they can affix to surfaces, such as dust particles in the air. (digitaljournal.com)
- This program was aimed at creating a quantitative physical description, at the micrometer and nanometer levels, of the physical interactions of the alpha particles from radon and its daughters with cells at risk in the bronchial epithelium. (unt.edu)
- Radon daughters were not detected in half of the rain tested during this period that came in at background or less. (enviroreporter.com)
- Cancer incidence among workers exposed to radon and thoron daughters at a niobium mine. (arctichealth.org)
- Many of the workers, especially underground miners, were exposed to the daughters of radon and thoron and also to thorium. (arctichealth.org)
- The Calibration Laboratory is accredited according to norm DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025 at the German Accreditation Body DAkkS GmbH ) for the measurands activity concentration of radon -222 in air (CRn) and potential alpha-energy concentration (PAEC) of the short-lived radon -222 progenies (CP). (bfs.de)
- The reference atmospheres are characterized by the measurands ( activity concentration of radon -222 in air and potential alpha-energy concentration of the short-lived radon -222 progenies), respectively as well as the climate parameters temperature, pressure, and relative humidity. (bfs.de)
- protection against elevated levels of radon exposure at workplaces and in dwellings. (bfs.de)
- Background: Radon and thoron are invisible, odorless, heavy and radioactive gases which are ubiquitously present in dwellings and in the environment. (ijrr.com)
- In the present work, seasonal variation of indoor radon, thoron and their progeny concentrations has been studied in the dwellings of industrially polluted cities in District Faridabad, Haryana and District Mathura in Uttar Pradesh. (ijrr.com)
- Results: The average value of radon and thoron concentration in the dwellings varied from 23.5 Bq/m3 to 65.2 Bq/m3 and 9.8 Bq/m3 to 18.7 Bq/m3 respectively in different seasons. (ijrr.com)
- Conclusion: The seasonal variations of measured radon levels in the environment of LPG bottling plant, radon-thoron levels and inhalation dose due to radon and thoron and their progeny in dwellings indicate that the levels were higher in winter (October to January) than in summer (April to July). (ijrr.com)
- Kant K, Rashmi, Sonkawade R, Sharma G, Chauhan R, Chakarvarti S. Seasonal variation of radon, thoron and their progeny levels in dwellings of Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh. (ijrr.com)
- The primary pathway for human exposure to radon is inhalation from soil vapor intrusion into dwellings and buildings. (cdc.gov)
- However, there are uncertainties in using these data to estimate the risk associated with radon exposure in dwellings. (europa.eu)
- Nikolopoulos D, Petraki E, Temenos N, Kottou S, Koulougliotis D, et al (2014) Hurst Exponent Analysis of Indoor Radon Profiles of Greek Apartment Dwellings. (omicsonline.org)
- This work aimed to estimate Hurst exponents (H) of time-evolving radon signals of Greek apartment dwellings. (omicsonline.org)
- No database of thoron and thoron progeny concentrations in dwellings in Serbia or Balkans region exist, and as a result, the level of exposure of the Serbian population to thoron and its progeny is unknown so far. (scialert.net)
- The inhalation of radon and its progeny is recognised as a cause of lung cancer. (arpansa.gov.au)
- Studies carried out in Australia indicate that doses assessed from inhalation of radon progeny for workers in the uranium mining industry and in show caves will increase by a factor of two or more from current assessments with the new dose coefficients. (arpansa.gov.au)
- The main source of inhalation exposure is radon gas that is released from the soil to trapped indoor air. (cdc.gov)
- Inhalation is the most important radon exposure route. (cdc.gov)
- IRSN's explanatory note presents the new dose coefficients adopted by the ICRP for radon inhalation, specifies the assumptions and scientific data on which they are based, and discuss the associated uncertainties. (irsn.fr)
- Owing to its gaseous nature and high radioactivity, radon-222 is one of the leading causes of lung cancer . (wikipedia.org)
- German physicist Friedrich Ernst Dorn extensively studied these emanations in the early 1900s and attributed them to a new gaseous element, radon. (wikipedia.org)
- Radon is a gaseous highly radioactive element discovered by English physicist Ernest Rutherford in 1899. (radon.com)
- Recovering natural gas not only liberates the gaseous radon contained in the oil, but radium and other radionuclides are also dissolved in the concentrated brine - they precipitate out of solution and contaminate the scale that lines natural gas pipelines and settles out as sludge in the holding tanks. (fas.org)
- The results are in agreement with the histological finding that the uneven deposition distribution of radon progenies may lead to inhomogeneous spatial distribution of tumours in the bronchial airways. (elsevier.com)
- Effects of different deposition models on the calculated dose conversion factors from 222Rn progeny. (semanticscholar.org)
- Airborne radon progeny offers an opportunity to study radioisotope surface deposition. (ans.org)
- Surface deposition rates influence the airborne progeny levels. (ans.org)
- Contrary to prior radon analysis at higher air flow, where the Crump and Seinfeld (CS) turbulent deposition models seemed to fit, at low ACH below 0.5 h -1 the deposition data found excellent agreement with a new Brownian diffusive deposition model for laminar flow. (ans.org)
- Thoron progeny concentration was also measured in the houses using deposition rate measurements. (scialert.net)
- abstract = "In the case of radon exposure, the spatial distribution of deposited radioactive particles is highly inhomogeneous in the central airways. (elsevier.com)
- Indoor radon levels can, however, also originate from water usage, outdoor air infiltration, and the presence of building materials containing radium (EPA 2003). (cdc.gov)
- Radon-222 ( 222 Rn, Rn-222, historically radium emanation or radon) is the most stable isotope of radon , with a half-life of approximately 3.8 days. (wikipedia.org)
- In particular, he studied the product in the uranium series , radon-222, which he called "radium emanation. (wikipedia.org)
- This study looks at the relationship between lung cancer (deaths and new cancer cases) in relation to radon progeny exposures in a group of 17,660 Eldorado uranium workers who started working at the Beaverlodge and Port Radium mine sites and the Port Hope radium and uranium facility between 1932 and 1980 and followed up through 1999. (gc.ca)
- It has been obtained by pumping the gasses off of a solution of a radium salt, sparking the gas mixture to combine the hydrogen and oxygen, removing the water and carbon dioxide by adsorption, and freezing out the radon. (radon.com)
- But it's the intermediate steps that are important because they include radium and radon - over the eons, the natural gas deposit accumulated radioactivity and if we fast-forward to the present we find that virtually every natural gas deposit on the planet (oil and coal as well) contains radioactivity. (fas.org)
- This chain includes the longest-lived isotopes of radium and radon: radium-226 and radon-222, respectively. (lbl.gov)
- The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends that worker exposure to radon progeny in underground mines be controlled by compliance with this recommended standard, which is designed to protect the health of underground miners over a working lifetime of 30 years. (cdc.gov)
- Radon is a risk factor for lung cancer and uranium miners are more exposed than the general population. (springer.com)
- The well-established association of the genomic region 15q25 to lung cancer might be influenced by exposure to radon among uranium miners. (springer.com)
- In 1988, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) determined that radon was a cause of human lung cancer, based on studies of underground miners historically exposed to high levels of the gas ( 2 ). (aacrjournals.org)
- However, limited information from children employed as miners in China do not provide evidence of increased susceptibility to the effects of exposure to radon. (cdc.gov)
- Methodologically, it is based on case-control studies nested within two Czech cohort studies of nearly 11,000 miners followed-up for mortality in 1952-2010 and nearly 12,000 inhabitants exposed to high levels of radon in homes, with mortality follow-up in 1960-2010. (mdpi.com)
- The connection between radon and lung cancer in miners has raised concern that radon in homes might be causing lung cancer in the general population, although the radon levels in most homes are much lower than those found in most mines [ 1 ]. (mdpi.com)
- In the Czech Republic, two large cohort studies of lung cancer in relation to radon exposure, in uranium miners and in the general population were initiated by the late Josef Sevc. (mdpi.com)
- Epidemiological studies of underground miners have shown that exposure to radon and radon progeny increases the risk of lung cancer. (europa.eu)
- For some of these occupational risk factors of lung cancer among miners, such as asbestos and radon, more than additive synergistic effects with tobacco smoking have been established ( 4 ). (sjweh.fi)
- Low radon exposures and lung cancer risk: joint analysis of the Czech, French, and Beaverlodge cohorts of uranium miners, by Rachel S. D. Lane, Ladislav Tomášek, Lydia B. Zablotska, et al. (wise-uranium.org)
- OBJECTIVES: The study objectives were to extend the follow-up of the Ontario uranium miners cohort, one of the largest cohorts of uranium miners with low cumulative exposures, to examine the relationship between radon exposure and lung cancer mortality and, for the first time incidence, and address gaps in the literature, including dose-response relationship between radon exposure and other cancer sites, and non-cancer mortality. (wise-uranium.org)
- RESULTS: The cohort consisted of 28 546 male miners with a mean cumulative radon exposure of 21.0 working level months (WLM). (wise-uranium.org)
- Cancer incidence and mortality from exposure to radon progeny among Ontario uranium miners, by Navaranjan G, Berriault C, Do M, et al. (wise-uranium.org)
- Finally, Bayesian inference for the different hierarchical models was conducted via a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm implemented in Python to obtain corrected risk estimates on the lung cancer mortality in the French cohort of uranium miners associated with exposure to radon and its progeny. (irsn.fr)
- Participants with mean radon concentrations above the EPA guideline value (148 Bq/m 3 ) experienced a 34% (95% CI, 7-68) increase in risk for lung cancer mortality relative to those below the guideline value. (aacrjournals.org)
- These conclusions are likely to apply to most developed countries, many with higher mean radon concentrations than the UK. (bmj.com)
- This has consequences: a Europe-wide uniform reference value has, for the first time, been laid down for the mean radon concentrations in buildings. (innovations-report.com)
- Human exposure to high concentrations of radon and progeny has been correlated to lung cancer incidence [ 9 , 10 ]. (omicsonline.org)
- The Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) protects the health of uranium workers by regulating radon and RDP in Canada's nuclear facilities by strictly controlling and monitoring exposures to workers and concentrations of radon and RDP in air. (gc.ca)
- If inhaled, solid short lived radon progeny may deposit on the bronchial epithelium exposing sensitive cells to α irradiation. (bmj.com)
- Radon (Rn) is a naturally occurring colorless, odorless, tasteless radioactive gas that occurs in differing atomic structure with the same atomic number but different atomic mass, called isotopes. (cdc.gov)
- Radon is a colorless, odorless gas with a boiling point of -61.8 ° C (-79.2 ° F) . Its density is 9.72 grams per liter, making it about seven times as dense as air. (encyclopedia.com)
- Radon dissolves in water and becomes a clear, colorless liquid below its boiling point . (encyclopedia.com)
- Radon is an odorless, colorless, tasteless, naturally-occurring radioactive gas formed from the breakdown of uranium and thorium. (cdc.gov)
- Radon is a radioactive, colorless, odorless gas, with a half-life of 3.8 days. (isciii.es)
- Radon is a colorless chemically-unreactive inert gas. (radon.com)
- Main outcome measures Estimated number of deaths from lung cancer related to indoor radon, lifetime risks of death from lung cancer before and after various potential interventions to control radon, the cost per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained from different policies for control of radon, and the potential of those policies to reduce lung cancer mortality. (bmj.com)
- The supply and control of radon in the chamber is a critical problem in the design of Radon chamber. (spie.org)
- Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas, which has no smell, colour or taste. (arpansa.gov.au)
- Radon is a naturally-occurring radioactive gas that changes into other radioactive substances, called progeny. (cdc.gov)
- The source of radon in homes is from naturally occurring (geologic) sources. (cdc.gov)
- As such, in most drinking water radon and its progeny are naturally present. (cdc.gov)
- Public Health Tracking Program (EPHTP) to investigate the merits (opportunity, cost and value) of developing public health indicators associated with residential exposure to naturally occurring radon gas. (cdc.gov)
- These are medical diagnostic and therapeutic methods, on the one hand, and naturally occurring radon, on the other hand. (innovations-report.com)
- Radon was long thought to be chemically inert. (encyclopedia.com)
- Radon is not perfectly inert and is less so than lighter noble gases. (springer.com)
- Radon is chemically inert, so it can easily escape from the ground into the air where it can be inhaled. (arpansa.gov.au)
- Radon is an inert gas that enters buildings from outdoor air, water and soil, especially via gaps around pipes and cables and through cracks in floors. (omicsonline.org)
- Radon is formed when heavier radioactive elements, like uranium and thorium, break down. (encyclopedia.com)
- A sample of any one is expected to contain a mixture of these radioactive elements or radionuclides, including radon and radon progeny. (cdc.gov)
- How will the new dose coefficients for radon progeny affect your doses? (arpansa.gov.au)
- Following the ICRP's re-evaluation, we have published an advisory note on the new dose coefficients for radon progeny to guide you through what has changed. (arpansa.gov.au)
- You can find the ARPANSA Advisory Note - New dose coefficients for radon progeny: impact on workers and the public on our Radon webpage . (arpansa.gov.au)
- Besides the calibration of measurement devices an extensive program for quality assurance is performed to ensure a national quality standard for the measurement of radon and radon progenies. (bfs.de)
- A comprehensive program for quality assurance is performed beside the calibration of measurement devices to ensure a quality standard for measurement of radon and radon progenies in all German states. (bfs.de)
- In this paper, using the Monte Carlo simulation, the possibility of using the CR-39 for direct measurement of Radon and progeny in water is investigated. (ebscohost.com)
- At that level, it is usually recommended that the house owners have a radon mitigation system installed. (sosradon.org)
- A radon mitigation system is any system or steps designed to reduce radon concentrations in the indoor air of a building. (sosradon.org)
- Build a miniature home or provide a miniature section of a home and construct a model radon mitigation system and with narrative on how the system works. (sosradon.org)
- What is a radon mitigation system? (ehso.com)
- Will any more testing be needed after a radon mitigation system has been installed? (ehso.com)
- Upon request, the results of measurements of radon gas or radon progeny which are performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a radon mitigation system shall be reported to the certified business that installed the mitigation system. (flsenate.gov)
- Each installation of a radon mitigation system performed by a person certified under this section must be reported to the department according to the schedule set by the department. (flsenate.gov)
- Elevated levels of radon and radon progeny can be found in areas with elevated levels of uranium or thorium. (cdc.gov)
- What health effects are associated with radon exposure? (ehso.com)
- No specific subtype of lung cancer is associated with radon exposure. (ehso.com)
- The results were compared to health benefits expected if the risk was reduced by the standard method of reducing the radon gas concentration below the Action Level, which in the UK is 200 Bq·m-3 for domestic properties. (northampton.ac.uk)
- In 1993, the dose coefficients for exposure to radon and its progeny recommended in ICRP Publication 65 were 1.4 mSv per mJ h m -3 for workers and 1.1 mSv per mJ h m -3 for the public respectively. (irsn.fr)
- Radon: a likely carcinogen at all exposures. (nih.gov)
- The Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) consider radon to be a human carcinogen. (cdc.gov)
- For this reason, radon is considered to be a natural carcinogen of great importance. (omicsonline.org)
- Radon gas is considered a carcinogen. (digitaljournal.com)
- At the 4 pCi/L EPA action guideline level, radon carries approximately 1000 times the risk of death as any other EPA carcinogen. (radon.com)
- In addition to these ancient radionuclides and their progeny, some radionuclides are being continually produced by cosmic rays. (lbl.gov)
- This method category includes those devices that record real-time continuous measurements of radon gas. (nrsb.org)
- c) The results of measurements of radon gas or radon progeny performed by persons certified under the provisions of this subsection shall be reported to the department and persons contracting for the service. (flsenate.gov)
- Radon may be second only to smoking as a cause of lung cancer. (nap.edu)
- Why is radon "the second most frequent cause of lung cancer in France" (my translation of a French newspaper article)? (thenakedscientists.com)
- The evidence available to date suggests that radon may be responsible for 10% to 15% of the lung cancer burden, making radon the second leading cause of lung cancer after cigarette smoking ( 3 ). (aacrjournals.org)
- in fact, it is the second leading cause of lung cancer in the United States after cigarette smoking , with over 20,000 deaths per year attributed to radon-induced lung cancer. (wikipedia.org)
- Radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer and can also cause damaging effects to the human DNA structure. (sosradon.org)
- A prominent example is known as Schneeberg lung disease named after a small town in the German Ore Mountains, where radon was identified as a major cause of lung cancer ( 1 , 2 ). (sjweh.fi)
- Radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer. (radon.com)
- The Surgeon General has warned that radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer in the United States today. (radon.com)
- The average annual exposure and annual effective dose in living rooms due to radon and thoron progeny was estimated to be 0.195 WLM (working level month) and 0.74 mSv respectively. (ijrr.com)
- At that time, radon only referred to the isotope 222 Rn, whereas the names actinon and thoron denoted 219 Rn and 220 Rn, respectively. (wikipedia.org)
- For the radon and thoron daughter exposure, about 50 excess cases per million person-years at risk per working-level month were observed. (arctichealth.org)
- This paper presents the preliminary results of radon and thoron measurements in the houses of Chhatrapur area of southeastern coast of Orissa, India. (scialert.net)
- Radon and thoron concentrations were measured in the houses of Chhatrapur area using twin cup radon dosemeters, RAD7 and radon-thoron discriminative detector (Raduet). (scialert.net)
- Radon and thoron concentrations in the houses of study area were found to vary from 8 to 47 Bq m -3 and the below detection level to 77 Bq m -3 , respectively. (scialert.net)
- While thoron progeny concentration in these houses ranges between 0.17 and 4.24 Bq m -3 , preliminary investigation shows that the thoron concentration is higher than radon concentration in the houses of the study area. (scialert.net)
- The thoron progeny concentration was found to be comparatively higher, which forms a base for further study in the area. (scialert.net)
- A genome-wide interaction analysis was carried out to identify genomic loci, genes or gene sets that modify the susceptibility to lung cancer given occupational exposure to the radioactive gas radon. (springer.com)
- radon, occupational exposure, uranium mines. (isciii.es)
- Here, the association between residential radon and lung cancer mortality was examined in a large-scale cohort study. (aacrjournals.org)
- Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to obtain adjusted HR and 95% CI for lung cancer mortality associated with radon. (aacrjournals.org)
- A significant positive linear trend was observed between categories of radon concentrations and lung cancer mortality ( P = 0.02). (aacrjournals.org)
- A 15% (95% CI, 1-31) increase in the risk of lung cancer mortality was observed per 100 Bq/m 3 increase in radon. (aacrjournals.org)
- Objective To determine the number of deaths from lung cancer related to radon in the home and to explore the cost effectiveness of alternative policies to control indoor radon and their potential to reduce lung cancer mortality. (bmj.com)
- It is well established that high radon exposures increase the risk of lung cancer mortality. (wise-uranium.org)
- A statistically significant linear relationship between radon exposure and lung cancer mortality was found. (wise-uranium.org)
- The potential confounding effect of tobacco smoking was estimated to be small and did not substantially change the radon-lung cancer mortality risk estimates. (wise-uranium.org)
- This joint cohort analysis provides strong evidence for an increased risk of lung cancer mortality from low occupational radon exposures. (wise-uranium.org)
- Lung cancer risk from radon and progeny and statement on radon. (nih.gov)
- Bonner and colleagues ( 6 ) recently reported an interaction between glutathione- S -transferase M1 and radon, suggesting that radon may also induce lung cancer through oxidative mechanisms. (aacrjournals.org)
- Extended periods of exposure to 222 Rn and its progeny ultimately induce lung cancer. (wikipedia.org)
- Methods for radon exposure measurement in homes are one of the factors that affect the risk estimates in a case-control study. (springer.com)
- Potential lung cancer risk from indoor radon exposure. (nih.gov)
- The aim of this study was to assess if residential radon exposure might cause EGFR mutations or ALK rearrangements in never-smokers. (ersjournals.com)
- The overall objective of this project is to improve direct estimate of the risk of lung cancer from residential radon exposure. (europa.eu)
- The objective is to develop a strategy to combine world-wide evidence on the association between lung cancer risk and residential radon exposure using data based on air-based measurements, in order to increase the precision of risk estimates based on these studies. (europa.eu)
- These results further support efforts to reduce radon concentrations in homes to the lowest possible level. (aacrjournals.org)