Pregnancy trimesters. Medical search

The three approximately equal periods of a normal human PREGNANCY. Each trimester is about three months or 13 to 14 weeks in duration depending on the designation of the first day of gestation.

The beginning third of a human PREGNANCY, from the first day of the last normal menstrual period (MENSTRUATION) through the completion of 14 weeks (98 days) of gestation.

The last third of a human PREGNANCY, from the beginning of the 29th through the 42nd completed week (197 to 294 days) of gestation.

The middle third of a human PREGNANCY, from the beginning of the 15th through the 28th completed week (99 to 196 days) of gestation.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Conditions or pathological processes associated with pregnancy. They can occur during or after pregnancy, and range from minor discomforts to serious diseases that require medical interventions. They include diseases in pregnant females, and pregnancies in females with diseases.

Results of conception and ensuing pregnancy, including LIVE BIRTH; STILLBIRTH; SPONTANEOUS ABORTION; INDUCED ABORTION. The outcome may follow natural or artificial insemination or any of the various ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES, such as EMBRYO TRANSFER or FERTILIZATION IN VITRO.

The process of bearing developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero in non-human mammals, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

A potentially life-threatening condition in which EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occurs outside the cavity of the UTERUS. Most ectopic pregnancies (>96%) occur in the FALLOPIAN TUBES, known as TUBAL PREGNANCY. They can be in other locations, such as UTERINE CERVIX; OVARY; and abdominal cavity (PREGNANCY, ABDOMINAL).

The co-occurrence of pregnancy and a cardiovascular disease. The disease may precede or follow FERTILIZATION and it may or may not have a deleterious effect on the pregnant woman or FETUS.

The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated as the time from the last day of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization.

The ratio of the number of conceptions (CONCEPTION) including LIVE BIRTH; STILLBIRTH; and fetal losses, to the mean number of females of reproductive age in a population during a set time period.

The visualization of tissues during pregnancy through recording of the echoes of ultrasonic waves directed into the body. The procedure may be applied with reference to the mother or the fetus and with reference to organs or the detection of maternal or fetal disease.

Expulsion of the product of FERTILIZATION before completing the term of GESTATION and without deliberate interference.

The state of PREGNANCY in women with DIABETES MELLITUS. This does not include either symptomatic diabetes or GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE induced by pregnancy (DIABETES, GESTATIONAL) which resolves at the end of pregnancy.

The co-occurrence of pregnancy and NEOPLASMS. The neoplastic disease may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.

The co-occurrence of pregnancy and an INFECTION. The infection may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.

The condition of carrying two or more FETUSES simultaneously.

Tests to determine whether or not an individual is pregnant.

A highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products. It includes a fetal portion (CHORIONIC VILLI) derived from TROPHOBLASTS and a maternal portion (DECIDUA) derived from the uterine ENDOMETRIUM. The placenta produces an array of steroid, protein and peptide hormones (PLACENTAL HORMONES).

The most common (>96%) type of ectopic pregnancy in which the extrauterine EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occurs in the FALLOPIAN TUBE, usually in the ampullary region where FERTILIZATION takes place.

A complication of PREGNANCY, characterized by a complex of symptoms including maternal HYPERTENSION and PROTEINURIA with or without pathological EDEMA. Symptoms may range between mild and severe. Pre-eclampsia usually occurs after the 20th week of gestation, but may develop before this time in the presence of trophoblastic disease.

An infant during the first month after birth.

Pregnancy in human adolescent females under the age of 19.

Pregnancy in which the mother and/or FETUS are at greater than normal risk of MORBIDITY or MORTALITY. Causes include inadequate PRENATAL CARE, previous obstetrical history (ABORTION, SPONTANEOUS), pre-existing maternal disease, pregnancy-induced disease (GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION), and MULTIPLE PREGNANCY, as well as advanced maternal age above 35.

Proteins produced by organs of the mother or the PLACENTA during PREGNANCY. These proteins may be pregnancy-specific (present only during pregnancy) or pregnancy-associated (present during pregnancy or under other conditions such as hormone therapy or certain malignancies.)

Intentional removal of a fetus from the uterus by any of a number of techniques. (POPLINE, 1978)

The co-occurrence of pregnancy and a blood disease (HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES) which involves BLOOD CELLS or COAGULATION FACTORS. The hematologic disease may precede or follow FERTILIZATION and it may or may not have a deleterious effect on the pregnant woman or FETUS.

Cells lining the outside of the BLASTOCYST. After binding to the ENDOMETRIUM, trophoblasts develop into two distinct layers, an inner layer of mononuclear cytotrophoblasts and an outer layer of continuous multinuclear cytoplasm, the syncytiotrophoblasts, which form the early fetal-maternal interface (PLACENTA).

Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH.

Pathophysiological conditions of the FETUS in the UTERUS. Some fetal diseases may be treated with FETAL THERAPIES.

Determination of the nature of a pathological condition or disease in the postimplantation EMBRYO; FETUS; or pregnant female before birth.

Unintended accidental pregnancy, including pregnancy resulting from failed contraceptive measures.

Care provided the pregnant woman in order to prevent complications, and decrease the incidence of maternal and prenatal mortality.

Pregnancy, usually accidental, that is not desired by the parent or parents.

Exchange of substances between the maternal blood and the fetal blood at the PLACENTA via PLACENTAL CIRCULATION. The placental barrier excludes microbial or viral transmission.

The threadlike, vascular projections of the chorion. Chorionic villi may be free or embedded within the DECIDUA forming the site for exchange of substances between fetal and maternal blood (PLACENTA).

The hormone-responsive glandular layer of ENDOMETRIUM that sloughs off at each menstrual flow (decidua menstrualis) or at the termination of pregnancy. During pregnancy, the thickest part of the decidua forms the maternal portion of the PLACENTA, thus named decidua placentalis. The thin portion of the decidua covering the rest of the embryo is the decidua capsularis.

The unborn young of a viviparous mammal, in the postembryonic period, after the major structures have been outlined. In humans, the unborn young from the end of the eighth week after CONCEPTION until BIRTH, as distinguished from the earlier EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

Morphological and physiological development of FETUSES.

The failure of a FETUS to attain its expected FETAL GROWTH at any GESTATIONAL AGE.

Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment.

The condition of carrying TWINS simultaneously.

The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.

The consequences of exposing the FETUS in utero to certain factors, such as NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; DRUGS; RADIATION; and other physical or chemical factors. These consequences are observed later in the offspring after BIRTH.

The hollow thick-walled muscular organ in the female PELVIS. It consists of the fundus (the body) which is the site of EMBRYO IMPLANTATION and FETAL DEVELOPMENT. Beyond the isthmus at the perineal end of fundus, is CERVIX UTERI (the neck) opening into VAGINA. Beyond the isthmi at the upper abdominal end of fundus, are the FALLOPIAN TUBES.

The co-occurrence of pregnancy and parasitic diseases. The parasitic infection may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.

A clear, yellowish liquid that envelopes the FETUS inside the sac of AMNION. In the first trimester, it is likely a transudate of maternal or fetal plasma. In the second trimester, amniotic fluid derives primarily from fetal lung and kidney. Cells or substances in this fluid can be removed for prenatal diagnostic tests (AMNIOCENTESIS).

The age of the mother in PREGNANCY.

Non-steroidal chemical compounds with abortifacient activity.

The number of offspring a female has borne. It is contrasted with GRAVIDITY, which refers to the number of pregnancies, regardless of outcome.

A condition in pregnant women with elevated systolic (>140 mm Hg) and diastolic (>90 mm Hg) blood pressure on at least two occasions 6 h apart. HYPERTENSION complicates 8-10% of all pregnancies, generally after 20 weeks of gestation. Gestational hypertension can be divided into several broad categories according to the complexity and associated symptoms, such as EDEMA; PROTEINURIA; SEIZURES; abnormalities in BLOOD COAGULATION and liver functions.

Exposure of the female parent, human or animal, to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals that may affect offspring. It includes pre-conception maternal exposure.

In utero measurement corresponding to the sitting height (crown to rump) of the fetus. Length is considered a more accurate criterion of the age of the fetus than is the weight. The average crown-rump length of the fetus at term is 36 cm. (From Williams Obstetrics, 18th ed, p91)

A term used to describe pregnancies that exceed the upper limit of a normal gestational period. In humans, a prolonged pregnancy is defined as one that extends beyond 42 weeks (294 days) after the first day of the last menstrual period (MENSTRUATION), or birth with gestational age of 41 weeks or more.

CHILDBIRTH before 37 weeks of PREGNANCY (259 days from the first day of the mother's last menstrual period, or 245 days after FERTILIZATION).

Physiological mechanisms that sustain the state of PREGNANCY.

A type of ectopic pregnancy in which the EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN implants in the ABDOMINAL CAVITY instead of in the ENDOMETRIUM of the UTERUS.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Extraction of the FETUS by means of abdominal HYSTEROTOMY.

The beta subunit of human CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN. Its structure is similar to the beta subunit of LUTEINIZING HORMONE, except for the additional 30 amino acids at the carboxy end with the associated carbohydrate residues. HCG-beta is used as a diagnostic marker for early detection of pregnancy, spontaneous abortion (ABORTION, SPONTANEOUS); ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; HYDATIDIFORM MOLE; CHORIOCARCINOMA; or DOWN SYNDROME.

Endometrial implantation of EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN at the BLASTOCYST stage.

An assisted reproductive technique that includes the direct handling and manipulation of oocytes and sperm to achieve fertilization in vitro.

Abortion induced to save the life or health of a pregnant woman. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Three or more consecutive spontaneous abortions.

Onset of OBSTETRIC LABOR before term (TERM BIRTH) but usually after the FETUS has become viable. In humans, it occurs sometime during the 29th through 38th week of PREGNANCY. TOCOLYSIS inhibits premature labor and can prevent the BIRTH of premature infants (INFANT, PREMATURE).

Malformations of organs or body parts during development in utero.

The transfer of mammalian embryos from an in vivo or in vitro environment to a suitable host to improve pregnancy or gestational outcome in human or animal. In human fertility treatment programs, preimplantation embryos ranging from the 4-cell stage to the blastocyst stage are transferred to the uterine cavity between 3-5 days after FERTILIZATION IN VITRO.

A chromosome disorder associated either with an extra chromosome 21 or an effective trisomy for chromosome 21. Clinical manifestations include hypotonia, short stature, brachycephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus, Brushfield spots on the iris, protruding tongue, small ears, short, broad hands, fifth finger clinodactyly, Simian crease, and moderate to severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Cardiac and gastrointestinal malformations, a marked increase in the incidence of LEUKEMIA, and the early onset of ALZHEIMER DISEASE are also associated with this condition. Pathologic features include the development of NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES in neurons and the deposition of AMYLOID BETA-PROTEIN, similar to the pathology of ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p213)

The development of the PLACENTA, a highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products between mother and FETUS. The process begins at FERTILIZATION, through the development of CYTOTROPHOBLASTS and SYNCYTIOTROPHOBLASTS, the formation of CHORIONIC VILLI, to the progressive increase in BLOOD VESSELS to support the growing fetus.

Diabetes mellitus induced by PREGNANCY but resolved at the end of pregnancy. It does not include previously diagnosed diabetics who become pregnant (PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS). Gestational diabetes usually develops in late pregnancy when insulin antagonistic hormones peaks leading to INSULIN RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; and HYPERGLYCEMIA.

A synthetic analog of natural prostaglandin E1. It produces a dose-related inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion, and enhances mucosal resistance to injury. It is an effective anti-ulcer agent and also has oxytocic properties.

A gonadotropic glycoprotein hormone produced primarily by the PLACENTA. Similar to the pituitary LUTEINIZING HORMONE in structure and function, chorionic gonadotropin is involved in maintaining the CORPUS LUTEUM during pregnancy. CG consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is virtually identical to the alpha subunits of the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH, and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity (CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN, BETA SUBUNIT, HUMAN).

The repetitive uterine contraction during childbirth which is associated with the progressive dilation of the uterine cervix (CERVIX UTERI). Successful labor results in the expulsion of the FETUS and PLACENTA. Obstetric labor can be spontaneous or induced (LABOR, INDUCED).

An infant having a birth weight of 2500 gm. (5.5 lb.) or less but INFANT, VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT is available for infants having a birth weight of 1500 grams (3.3 lb.) or less.

Percutaneous transabdominal puncture of the uterus during pregnancy to obtain amniotic fluid. It is commonly used for fetal karyotype determination in order to diagnose abnormal fetal conditions.

Two individuals derived from two FETUSES that were fertilized at or about the same time, developed in the UTERUS simultaneously, and born to the same mother. Twins are either monozygotic (TWINS, MONOZYGOTIC) or dizygotic (TWINS, DIZYGOTIC).

The circulation of BLOOD, of both the mother and the FETUS, through the PLACENTA.

Chemical substances that interrupt pregnancy after implantation.

Pathological processes or abnormal functions of the PLACENTA.

Selective abortion of one or more embryos or fetuses in a multiple gestation pregnancy. The usual goal is to improve the outcome for the remaining embryos or fetuses.

Bleeding from blood vessels in the UTERUS, sometimes manifested as vaginal bleeding.

The major progestational steroid that is secreted primarily by the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA. Progesterone acts on the UTERUS, the MAMMARY GLANDS and the BRAIN. It is required in EMBRYO IMPLANTATION; PREGNANCY maintenance, and the development of mammary tissue for MILK production. Progesterone, converted from PREGNENOLONE, also serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.

Human females who are pregnant, as cultural, psychological, or sociological entities.

Disorders or diseases associated with PUERPERIUM, the six-to-eight-week period immediately after PARTURITION in humans.

The heart of the fetus of any viviparous animal. It refers to the heart in the postembryonic period and is differentiated from the embryonic heart (HEART/embryology) only on the basis of time.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Trophoblastic hyperplasia associated with normal gestation, or molar pregnancy. It is characterized by the swelling of the CHORIONIC VILLI and elevated human CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN. Hydatidiform moles or molar pregnancy may be categorized as complete or partial based on their gross morphology, histopathology, and karyotype.

Nutrition of a mother which affects the health of the FETUS and INFANT as well as herself.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

The processes of milk secretion by the maternal MAMMARY GLANDS after PARTURITION. The proliferation of the mammary glandular tissue, milk synthesis, and milk expulsion or let down are regulated by the interactions of several hormones including ESTRADIOL; PROGESTERONE; PROLACTIN; and OXYTOCIN.

An infant having a birth weight lower than expected for its gestational age.

The retention in the UTERUS of a dead FETUS two months or more after its DEATH.

A method for diagnosis of fetal diseases by sampling the cells of the placental chorionic villi for DNA analysis, presence of bacteria, concentration of metabolites, etc. The advantage over amniocentesis is that the procedure can be carried out in the first trimester.

Morphological and physiological development of EMBRYOS or FETUSES.

Delivery of the FETUS and PLACENTA under the care of an obstetrician or a health worker. Obstetric deliveries may involve physical, psychological, medical, or surgical interventions.

A branch arising from the internal iliac artery in females, that supplies blood to the uterus.

A product of the PLACENTA, and DECIDUA, secreted into the maternal circulation during PREGNANCY. It has been identified as an IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-4 protease that proteolyzes IGFBP-4 and thus increases IGF bioavailability. It is found also in human FIBROBLASTS, ovarian FOLLICULAR FLUID, and GRANULOSA CELLS. The enzyme is a heterotetramer of about 500-kDa.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve conception.

An organized and comprehensive program of health care that identifies and reduces a woman's reproductive risks before conception through risk assessment, health promotion, and interventions. Preconception care programs may be designed to include the male partner in providing counseling and educational information in preparation for fatherhood, such as genetic counseling and testing, financial and family planning, etc. This concept is different from PRENATAL CARE, which occurs during pregnancy.

The mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the MENSTRUAL CYCLE and PREGNANCY. The endometrium undergoes cyclic changes that characterize MENSTRUATION. After successful FERTILIZATION, it serves to sustain the developing embryo.

Termination of pregnancy under conditions allowed under local laws. (POPLINE Thesaurus, 1991)

Nutrition of FEMALE during PREGNANCY.

In females, the period that is shortly after giving birth (PARTURITION).

Dilatation of the cervix uteri followed by a scraping of the endometrium with a curette.

A prenatal ultrasonography measurement of the soft tissue behind the fetal neck. Either the translucent area below the skin in the back of the fetal neck (nuchal translucency) or the distance between occipital bone to the outer skin line (nuchal fold) is measured.

The event that a FETUS is born dead or stillborn.

The heart rate of the FETUS. The normal range at term is between 120 and 160 beats per minute.

The outermost extra-embryonic membrane surrounding the developing embryo. In REPTILES and BIRDS, it adheres to the shell and allows exchange of gases between the egg and its environment. In MAMMALS, the chorion evolves into the fetal contribution of the PLACENTA.

Blood of the fetus. Exchange of nutrients and waste between the fetal and maternal blood occurs via the PLACENTA. The cord blood is blood contained in the umbilical vessels (UMBILICAL CORD) at the time of delivery.

Steroidal compounds with abortifacient activity.

UTERINE BLEEDING from a GESTATION of less than 20 weeks without any CERVICAL DILATATION. It is characterized by vaginal bleeding, lower back discomfort, or midline pelvic cramping and a risk factor for MISCARRIAGE.

The weight of the FETUS in utero. It is usually estimated by various formulas based on measurements made during PRENATAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY.

An assisted fertilization technique consisting of the microinjection of a single viable sperm into an extracted ovum. It is used principally to overcome low sperm count, low sperm motility, inability of sperm to penetrate the egg, or other conditions related to male infertility (INFERTILITY, MALE).

Three individuals derived from three FETUSES that were fertilized at or about the same time, developed in the UTERUS simultaneously, and born to the same mother.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The process of giving birth to one or more offspring.

Intractable VOMITING that develops in early PREGNANCY and persists. This can lead to DEHYDRATION and WEIGHT LOSS.

The number of pregnancies, complete or incomplete, experienced by a female. It is different from PARITY, which is the number of offspring borne. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

Specialized arterial vessels in the umbilical cord. They carry waste and deoxygenated blood from the FETUS to the mother via the PLACENTA. In humans, there are usually two umbilical arteries but sometimes one.

Physiologic or biochemical monitoring of the fetus. It is usually done during LABOR, OBSTETRIC and may be performed in conjunction with the monitoring of uterine activity. It may also be performed prenatally as when the mother is undergoing surgery.

A condition of fetal overgrowth leading to a large-for-gestational-age FETUS. It is defined as BIRTH WEIGHT greater than 4,000 grams or above the 90th percentile for population and sex-specific growth curves. It is commonly seen in GESTATIONAL DIABETES; PROLONGED PREGNANCY; and pregnancies complicated by pre-existing diabetes mellitus.

Female parents, human or animal.

The event that a FETUS is born alive with heartbeats or RESPIRATION regardless of GESTATIONAL AGE. Such liveborn is called a newborn infant (INFANT, NEWBORN).

Clinical and laboratory techniques used to enhance fertility in humans and animals.

The capacity to conceive or to induce conception. It may refer to either the male or female.

Physical activity of the FETUS in utero. Gross or fine fetal body movement can be monitored by the mother, PALPATION, or ULTRASONOGRAPHY.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

Artificial introduction of SEMEN or SPERMATOZOA into the VAGINA to facilitate FERTILIZATION.

The insertion of drugs into the vagina to treat local infections, neoplasms, or to induce labor. The dosage forms may include medicated pessaries, irrigation fluids, and suppositories.

The transmission of infectious disease or pathogens from one generation to another. It includes transmission in utero or intrapartum by exposure to blood and secretions, and postpartum exposure via breastfeeding.

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

The smooth muscle coat of the uterus, which forms the main mass of the organ.

A condition of abnormally low AMNIOTIC FLUID volume. Principal causes include malformations of fetal URINARY TRACT; FETAL GROWTH RETARDATION; GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION; nicotine poisoning; and PROLONGED PREGNANCY.

Inability to reproduce after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Reproductive sterility is permanent infertility.

Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with frequency-shifted ultrasound reflections produced by moving targets (usually red blood cells) in the bloodstream along the ultrasound axis in direct proportion to the velocity of movement of the targets, to determine both direction and velocity of blood flow. (Stedman, 25th ed)

The neck portion of the UTERUS between the lower isthmus and the VAGINA forming the cervical canal.

Spontaneous tearing of the membranes surrounding the FETUS any time before the onset of OBSTETRIC LABOR. Preterm PROM is membrane rupture before 37 weeks of GESTATION.

Abnormal placentation in which all or parts of the PLACENTA are attached directly to the MYOMETRIUM due to a complete or partial absence of DECIDUA. It is associated with POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE because of the failure of placental separation.

Clinical conditions caused by an abnormal chromosome constitution in which there is extra or missing chromosome material (either a whole chromosome or a chromosome segment). (from Thompson et al., Genetics in Medicine, 5th ed, p429)

Symptoms of NAUSEA and VOMITING in pregnant women that usually occur in the morning during the first 2 to 3 months of PREGNANCY. Severe persistent vomiting during pregnancy is called HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM.

Congenital malformations of the central nervous system and adjacent structures related to defective neural tube closure during the first trimester of pregnancy generally occurring between days 18-29 of gestation. Ectodermal and mesodermal malformations (mainly involving the skull and vertebrae) may occur as a result of defects of neural tube closure. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, pp31-41)

The possession of a third chromosome of any one type in an otherwise diploid cell.

Abortion performed because of possible fetal defects.

The innermost membranous sac that surrounds and protects the developing embryo which is bathed in the AMNIOTIC FLUID. Amnion cells are secretory EPITHELIAL CELLS and contribute to the amniotic fluid.

The part of a human or animal body connecting the HEAD to the rest of the body.

Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with the superposition of flow information as colors on a gray scale in a real-time image. This type of ultrasonography is well-suited to identifying the location of high-velocity flow (such as in a stenosis) or of mapping the extent of flow in a certain region.

A complete separation or tear in the wall of the UTERUS with or without expulsion of the FETUS. It may be due to injuries, multiple pregnancies, large fetus, previous scarring, or obstruction.

A syndrome of HEMOLYSIS, elevated liver ENZYMES, and low blood platelets count (THROMBOCYTOPENIA). HELLP syndrome is observed in pregnant women with PRE-ECLAMPSIA or ECLAMPSIA who also exhibit LIVER damage and abnormalities in BLOOD COAGULATION.

Organized efforts by communities or organizations to improve the health and well-being of the mother.

An umbrella term used to describe a pattern of disabilities and abnormalities that result from fetal exposure to ETHANOL during pregnancy. It encompasses a phenotypic range that can vary greatly between individuals, but reliably includes one or more of the following: characteristic facial dysmorphism, FETAL GROWTH RETARDATION, central nervous system abnormalities, cognitive and/or behavioral dysfunction, BIRTH DEFECTS. The level of maternal alcohol consumption does not necessarily correlate directly with disease severity.

Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

Techniques for the artifical induction of ovulation, the rupture of the follicle and release of the ovum.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.

A polypeptide hormone of approximately 25 kDa that is produced by the SYNCYTIOTROPHOBLASTS of the PLACENTA, also known as chorionic somatomammotropin. It has both GROWTH HORMONE and PROLACTIN activities on growth, lactation, and luteal steroid production. In women, placental lactogen secretion begins soon after implantation and increases to 1 g or more a day in late pregnancy. Placental lactogen is also an insulin antagonist.

Studies in which variables relating to an individual or group of individuals are assessed over a period of time.

Methods of detecting pregnancy by examining the levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in plasma or urine.

Transfer of preovulatory oocytes from donor to a suitable host. Oocytes are collected, fertilized in vitro, and transferred to a host that can be human or animal.

Products in capsule, tablet or liquid form that provide dietary ingredients, and that are intended to be taken by mouth to increase the intake of nutrients. Dietary supplements can include macronutrients, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats; and/or MICRONUTRIENTS, such as VITAMINS; MINERALS; and PHYTOCHEMICALS.

A malignant metastatic form of trophoblastic tumors. Unlike the HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, choriocarcinoma contains no CHORIONIC VILLI but rather sheets of undifferentiated cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts (TROPHOBLASTS). It is characterized by the large amounts of CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN produced. Tissue origins can be determined by DNA analyses: placental (fetal) origin or non-placental origin (CHORIOCARCINOMA, NON-GESTATIONAL).

Premature loss of PREGNANCY in which not all the products of CONCEPTION have been expelled.

Cyst occurring in a persistent portion of the urachus, presenting as an extraperitoneal mass in the umbilical region. It is characterized by abdominal pain, and fever if infected. It may rupture, leading to peritonitis, or it may drain through the umbilicus.

The 17-beta-isomer of estradiol, an aromatized C18 steroid with hydroxyl group at 3-beta- and 17-beta-position. Estradiol-17-beta is the most potent form of mammalian estrogenic steroids.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

Prevention of CONCEPTION by blocking fertility temporarily, or permanently (STERILIZATION, REPRODUCTIVE). Common means of reversible contraception include NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING METHODS; CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS; or CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES.

Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.

Inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning TOBACCO.

Onset of HYPERREFLEXIA; SEIZURES; or COMA in a previously diagnosed pre-eclamptic patient (PRE-ECLAMPSIA).

The period from onset of one menstrual bleeding (MENSTRUATION) to the next in an ovulating woman or female primate. The menstrual cycle is regulated by endocrine interactions of the HYPOTHALAMUS; the PITUITARY GLAND; the ovaries; and the genital tract. The menstrual cycle is divided by OVULATION into two phases. Based on the endocrine status of the OVARY, there is a FOLLICULAR PHASE and a LUTEAL PHASE. Based on the response in the ENDOMETRIUM, the menstrual cycle is divided into a proliferative and a secretory phase.

A member of the vitamin B family that stimulates the hematopoietic system. It is present in the liver and kidney and is found in mushrooms, spinach, yeast, green leaves, and grasses (POACEAE). Folic acid is used in the treatment and prevention of folate deficiencies and megaloblastic anemia.

Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the fetus and amniotic cavity through abdominal or uterine entry.

The beginning of true OBSTETRIC LABOR which is characterized by the cyclic uterine contractions of increasing frequency, duration, and strength causing CERVICAL DILATATION to begin (LABOR STAGE, FIRST ).

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

The ratio of two odds. The exposure-odds ratio for case control data is the ratio of the odds in favor of exposure among cases to the odds in favor of exposure among noncases. The disease-odds ratio for a cohort or cross section is the ratio of the odds in favor of disease among the exposed to the odds in favor of disease among the unexposed. The prevalence-odds ratio refers to an odds ratio derived cross-sectionally from studies of prevalent cases.

Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life.

The visualization of deep structures of the body by recording the reflections or echoes of ultrasonic pulses directed into the tissues. Use of ultrasound for imaging or diagnostic purposes employs frequencies ranging from 1.6 to 10 megahertz.

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

The probability that an event will occur. It encompasses a variety of measures of the probability of a generally unfavorable outcome.

The first alpha-globulins to appear in mammalian sera during FETAL DEVELOPMENT and the dominant serum proteins in early embryonic life.

Medical problems associated with OBSTETRIC LABOR, such as BREECH PRESENTATION; PREMATURE OBSTETRIC LABOR; HEMORRHAGE; or others. These complications can affect the well-being of the mother, the FETUS, or both.

Hormones produced by the placenta include CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN, and PLACENTAL LACTOGEN as well as steroids (ESTROGENS; PROGESTERONE), and neuropeptide hormones similar to those found in the hypothalamus (HYPOTHALAMIC HORMONES).

Premature separation of the normally implanted PLACENTA from the UTERUS. Signs of varying degree of severity include UTERINE BLEEDING, uterine MUSCLE HYPERTONIA, and FETAL DISTRESS or FETAL DEATH.

Any of the ruminant mammals with curved horns in the genus Ovis, family Bovidae. They possess lachrymal grooves and interdigital glands, which are absent in GOATS.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

The flexible rope-like structure that connects a developing FETUS to the PLACENTA in mammals. The cord contains blood vessels which carry oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus and waste products away from the fetus.

A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.

Methods pertaining to the generation of new individuals, including techniques used in selective BREEDING, cloning (CLONING, ORGANISM), and assisted reproduction (REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES, ASSISTED).

A pair of highly specialized muscular canals extending from the UTERUS to its corresponding OVARY. They provide the means for OVUM collection, and the site for the final maturation of gametes and FERTILIZATION. The fallopian tube consists of an interstitium, an isthmus, an ampulla, an infundibulum, and fimbriae. Its wall consists of three histologic layers: serous, muscular, and an internal mucosal layer lined with both ciliated and secretory cells.

Passage of blood from one fetus to another via an arteriovenous communication or other shunt, in a monozygotic twin pregnancy. It results in anemia in one twin and polycythemia in the other. (Lee et al., Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology, 9th ed, p737-8)

Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in two or more fetal compartments, such as SKIN; PLEURA; PERICARDIUM; PLACENTA; PERITONEUM; AMNIOTIC FLUID. General fetal EDEMA may be of non-immunologic origin, or of immunologic origin as in the case of ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS.

Either one of the two small elongated rectangular bones that together form the bridge of the nose.

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with velocity detection combined with range discrimination. Short bursts of ultrasound are transmitted at regular intervals and the echoes are demodulated as they return.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Social and economic factors that characterize the individual or group within the social structure.

The potential of the FETUS to survive outside the UTERUS after birth, natural or induced. Fetal viability depends largely on the FETAL ORGAN MATURITY, and environmental conditions.

The number of births in a given population per year or other unit of time.

Myometrial constitutive nitric oxide synthase expression is increased during human pregnancy. (1/257)

Nitric oxide (NO), derived from L-arginine by the action of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is a mediator of many diverse biological activities, including vasodilation, neurotransmission and inhibition of platelet adhesion. A role for NO in the maintenance of rat and rabbit pregnancy is supported by a variety of studies. A recent study in women demonstrated that myometrial inducible NOS (iNOS) expression was greater in the early third trimester than either the late third trimester or in the non-pregnant condition, suggesting that increased iNOS expression is involved in the maintenance of human pregnancy. Constitutive NOS (cNOS) expression was not determined. The aim of this study was to compare constitutive NOS (both eNOS and bNOS) expression in the human non-pregnant uterus, preterm pregnant uterus (25-34 weeks gestation) and term pregnant uterus (>37 weeks gestation) using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Preterm pregnant samples were taken from women with a variety of pathologies necessitating early delivery. We found that eNOS and bNOS protein concentrations were greater in the preterm pregnant myometrium than non-pregnant myometrium. eNOS, but not bNOS, protein concentration was lower in myometrial samples obtained at term compared with those obtained preterm. We conclude that the constitutive isoforms of NOS are also up-regulated in human pregnancy and may play a role in the maintenance of myometrial quiescence. (+info)

Prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase mRNA expression in the human amnion and decidua during pregnancy and in the amnion at preterm labour. (2/257)

We have examined the expression of prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase (PGHS) isoenzymes in the amnion and the decidua during gestation, and the abundance of PGHS mRNA in the amnion at idiopathic preterm labour. PGHS-1 and -2 mRNA abundance in the amnion, determined with ribonuclease protection assays, was significantly (P< 0.05) higher at term than earlier during pregnancy. In contrast, neither PGHS-1 and -2 mRNA values, nor PGHS-specific activity, measured with a cell-free assay, was different in the decidua at term as compared to earlier gestational ages. In individual term patients, PGHS-2 mRNA values in the amnion were positively correlated with PGHS-2 mRNA values in the chorion laeve. PGHS-1 and -2 mRNA abundance was higher (P < 0.05) in the amnion after idiopathic preterm labour than in the absence of labour at the same gestational age (28-35 weeks). Thus, PGHS-1 and -2 are induced in the amnion at term. Furthermore, amniotic PGHS-2 changes in co-ordination with PGHS-2 concentrations in the chorion laeve. PGHS is not induced in the decidua at term. Increased amniotic PGHS expression may contribute to the enhanced intrauterine prostaglandin synthesis before term labour. Both PGHS isoenzymes may participate in the increase of PGHS activity in the amnion at preterm birth. (+info)

Energy intake and expenditure of free-living, pregnant Colombian women in an urban setting. (3/257)

BACKGROUND: This study examined the components of energy balance in poor, free-living pregnant women living in an urban setting of a developing country. OBJECTIVES: We tested the following hypotheses: 1) energy intake increases in pregnancy and is greater than when nonpregnant and nonlactating (NPNL), 2) basal metabolic rate (BMR) increases in pregnancy and the increase is positively correlated with prepregnancy fatness, and 3) energy expenditure in activity decreases in pregnancy and is lower than in NPNL women. DESIGN: Pregnant women were studied at 14.8 +/- 3.4 (n = 40), 25.0 +/- 3.2 (n = 54), and 34.9 +/- 2.4 (n = 43) wk gestation, and NPNL women at baseline (n = 114) and at 3 (n = 103) and 6 (n = 93) mo. Energy intake was measured by using estimated diet records and energy expenditure by using the flex heart rate method. Time allocation in physical activity was assessed by observation. RESULTS: In pregnant women, body weight, BMR, and energy intake increased but total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) did not change significantly. There were no significant changes in time allocation to selected activities except for lying down. In comparison with NPNL control subjects, women in late pregnancy had higher energy intakes and BMRs. Values for TDEE were not significantly different, but pregnant women expended less energy in activity and allocated more time to 2 energy-saving activities and less time to 2 energy-demanding activities. CONCLUSION: A decrease in energy expenditure in activity and changes in time allocation are important ways in which pregnant women meet the energy demands of pregnancy. (+info)

Usefulness of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes. (4/257)

OBJECTIVE: Pregnancy in type 1 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of developing pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) has been used to screen for preeclampsia in nondiabetic pregnancy. To date, there are no data regarding ABPM during pregnancy in normotensive type 1 diabetic women. This study sought to establish blood pressure (BP) profiles for pregnant type 1 diabetic women using ABPM and determine whether the BP pattern can define a population at risk for developing PIH. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: ABPM was carried out for one 24-h period during each trimester--in the first trimester between weeks 7 and 12, in the second trimester between weeks 20 and 24, and in the third trimester between weeks 30 and 34--in 22 normotensive pregnant type 1 diabetic and 10 pregnant nondiabetic women. RESULTS: The incidence of PIH was fourfold greater in type 1 diabetic women than in control subjects. Diabetic women showed higher daily diastolic BP in the third trimester compared with nondiabetic pregnant women. Diabetic women who developed PIH in the third trimester showed significantly higher BP profiles throughout gestation than those who remained normotensive. Receiver operator characteristics curves for nighttime systolic BP showed the best predictive capacity for PIH, with a cutoff > 105 mmHg (85% sensitivity and 92% specificity). CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirms the early increase of BP in patients who will develop PIH and suggests that nighttime systolic BP >105 mmHg in the second trimester is a useful predictor of PIH. ABPM may be useful in screening for PIH in pregnant diabetic women. (+info)

Antenatal screening for Down's syndrome in assisted reproductive pregnancies. (5/257)

The wide use of assisted conception methods has risen dramatically. The greater proportion of singletons, twins and high order of multiplicity conceived by those methods have already focused the medical community to various obstetric complications. Recently, there have been suggestions that the levels of mid-gestation serum markers, particularly human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), might be affected by assisted conception, leading to higher false-positive results. Furthermore, women who conceived after assisted reproduction methods are on average older, and in many cases their current pregnancy was achieved after long-standing infertility and might even be their last one. This is why they are extremely wary of any invasive fetal karyotyping. Therefore, every effort should be made to provide them with the most accurate screening of Down's syndrome (DS) risk. In this respect, nuchal translucency (NT) measurement, which has been reported to be another effective screening method, might be a more reliable marker in these pregnancies. This review explores the problematic issue of antenatal DS screening in assisted conception pregnancies. For the singletons and twins, a sequential NT and second-trimester serum marker screening can be offered, thus producing a single risk estimation which seems to be more accurate. For the high order of multiplicity, the NT offers additional important data, which can be taken in consideration both as a screening tool for DS and if fetal reduction is planned. (+info)

Outdoor air pollution, low birth weight, and prematurity. (6/257)

This study tested the hypothesis, suggested by several recent reports, that air pollution may increase the risk of adverse birth outcomes. This study analyzed all singleton live births registered by the Czech national birth register in 1991 in 67 districts where at least one pollutant was monitored in 1990-1991 (n = 108,173). Maternal exposures to sulfur dioxide (SO(2)), total suspended particles (TSP), and nitrous oxides (NO(x)) in each trimester of pregnancy were estimated as the arithmetic means of all daily measurements taken by all monitors in the district of birth of each infant. Odds ratios of low birth weight (< 2,500 g), prematurity (< 37 weeks of gestation), and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR; < 10th percentile of birth weight for gestational age and sex) were estimated by robust logistic regression. The median (and 25th and 75th percentile) trimester exposures were 32 (18, 56) microg/m(3) for SO(2); 72 (55, 87) microg/m(3) for TSP; and 38 (23, 59) microg/m(3) for NO(x). Low birth weight (prevalence 5.2%) and prematurity (prevalence 4.8%) were associated with SO(2) and somewhat less strongly with TSP. IUGR was not associated with any pollutant. The effects on low birth weight and prematurity were marginally stronger for exposures in the first trimester, and were not attenuated at all by adjustment for socioeconomic factors or the month of birth. Adjusted odds ratios of low birth weight were 1.20 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11-1.30] and 1.15 (CI, 1.07-1.24) for a 50 microg/m(3) increase in SO(2) and TSP, respectively, in the first trimester; adjusted odds ratios of prematurity were 1.27 (CI, 1.16-1.39) and 1.18 (CI, 1.05-1.31) for a 50 microg/m(3) increase in SO(2) and TSP, respectively, in the first trimester. Low gestational age accounted for the association between SO(2) and low birth weight. These findings provide further support for the hypothesis that air pollution can affect the outcome of pregnancy. (+info)

Submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum infections in pregnancy in Ghana. (7/257)

Malarial parasitaemia below the threshold of microscopy but detectable by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays is common in endemic regions. This study was conducted to examine prevalence, predictors, and effects of submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum infections in pregnancy. In a cross-sectional study among 530 pregnant women in Ghana, plasmodial infections were assessed by microscopy and PCR assays. Concentrations of haemoglobin and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured and antimalarial drugs (chloroquine, pyrimethamine) in urine were demonstrated by ELISA dipsticks. By microscopy, 32% of the women were found to harbour malaria parasites. This rate increased to 63% adding the results of the parasite-specific PCR. P. falciparum was present in all but one infection. With increasing gravidity, infection rates and parasite densities decreased and the proportions of submicroscopic parasitaemia among infected women grew. Correspondingly, anaemia, fever and evidence of inflammation (CRP > 0.6 mg/dl) were more frequent in primigravidae than in multigravidae. Antimalarial drugs were detected in 65% of the women and were associated with a reduced prevalence of P. falciparum infections and a raised proportion of submicroscopic parasitaemia. Both gravidity and antimalarial drug use were independent predictors of submicroscopic P. falciparum infections. These infections caused a slight reduction of Hb levels and considerably increased serum concentrations of CRP. Conventional microscopy underestimates the actual extent of malarial infections in pregnancy in endemic regions. Submicroscopic P. falciparum infections are frequent and may contribute to mild anaemia and inflammation in seemingly aparasitaemic pregnant women. (+info)

Induced abortion and low birthweight in the following pregnancy. (8/257)

BACKGROUND: To examine whether induced abortion increases the risk of low birthweight in subsequent singleton live births. METHODS: Cohort study using the Danish Medical Birth Registry (MBR), the Hospital Discharge Registry (HDR), and the Induced Abortion Registry (IAR). All women who had their first pregnancy during 1980-1982 were identified in the MBR, the HDR, and the IAR. We included all 15,727 women whose pregnancy was terminated by a first trimester induced abortion in the induced abortion cohort and 46,026 women whose pregnancy was not terminated by an induced abortion were selected for the control cohort. All subsequent pregnancies until 1994 were identified by register record linkage. RESULTS: Low birthweight (<2500 g) in singleton term live births occurred more frequently in women with one, two, three or more previous induced abortions, compared with women without any previous induced abortion of similar gravidity, 2.2% versus 1.5%, 2.4% versus 1.7%, and 1.8% versus 1.6%, respectively. Adjusting for maternal age and residence at time of pregnancy, interpregnancy interval, gender of newborn, number of previous spontaneous abortions and number of previous low birthweight infants (control cohort only), the odds ratios (OR) of low birthweight in singleton term live births in women with one, two or more previous first trimester induced abortions were 1.9 (95% CI: 1.6, 2.3), and 1.9 (95% CI: 1.3, 2.7), respectively, compared with the control cohort of similar gravidity. High risks were mainly seen in women with an interpregnancy interval of more than 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest a positive association between one or more first trimester induced abortions and the risk of low birthweight in subsequent singleton term live births when the interpregnancy interval is longer than 6 months. This result was unexpected and confounding cannot be ruled out. (+info)

Romm (January 2010). "Pregnancy: Third Trimester". CHAPTER 15 - Pregnancy: Third Trimester. Churchill Livingstone. pp. 370-397 ... Polymorphic Eruption of Pregnancy, Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy, and Atopic Eruption of Pregnancy". Dermatology ... This skin condition occurs mostly in first pregnancies (primigravida), in the third trimester and is more likely with multiple ... However, most people report experiencing symptoms during the third trimester (last few weeks of pregnancy) where 15% of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pruritic_urticarial_papules_and_plaques_of_pregnancy

... is divided into three trimesters, each lasting for approximately three months. The exact length of each trimester can ... Couvade syndrome Cryptic pregnancy False pregnancy Simulated pregnancy "What are some common signs of pregnancy?". Eunice ... Pregnancy is divided into three trimesters of approximately three months each. The first trimester includes conception, which ... Globally, 44% of pregnancies are unplanned. Over half (56%) of unplanned pregnancies are aborted. Among unintended pregnancies ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pregnancy

Pregnancy loss most commonly occurs during the first trimester, when it is referred to as early pregnancy loss. Placenta ... First trimester bleeding is more common than second or third trimester bleeding. First trimester bleeding may be associated ... Common causes of early pregnancy bleeding include ectopic pregnancy, threatened miscarriage, and pregnancy loss. Most ... if the pregnancy was previously seen on imaging) or a pregnancy of unknown location (if the pregnancy was not previously seen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_pregnancy_bleeding

When the case was heard in District Court, Hodgson testified that "...one 14-year-old patient, in order to keep her pregnancy ... Hodgson JE, Portmann KC (1974). "Complications of 10,453 consecutive first-trimester abortions: a prospective study". Am. J. ... Paul-Ramsey Hospital (now called Regions Hospital). At the time, abortion was illegal in Minnesota, unless the pregnancy was a ... Hodgson JE (1955). "Use of hyaluronidase in the frog test for pregnancy". Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 25 (9): 1096-8. doi:10.1093/ajcp ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Elizabeth_Hodgson

The thyroid enlarges and may be more easily felt during the first trimester. The increase in kidney clearance during pregnancy ... Total cortisol increases to three times of non-pregnant levels by the third trimester. The increased estrogen in pregnancy ... Levels of sex hormones and SHBG during pregnancy in women. The dashed vertical lines separate the trimesters. Determinations ... Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, commonly known as "morning sickness", is one of the most common GI symptoms of pregnancy. It ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maternal_physiological_changes_in_pregnancy

... the second and third trimesters in pregnancy; and combination with the drug aliskiren in people with diabetes. Common adverse ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidapril

"What is a trimester?". Archived from the original on 2005-11-04. Medical company:The Merck Manuals Online Medical Library (2003 ... such as an ectopic pregnancy. If conception is defined as at implantation, ectopic pregnancies could not be called pregnancies ... Defining pregnancy as beginning at implantation thus makes pregnancy a condition that can be easily tested.[citation needed] ... or pregnancy prevention are not agreed upon. Traditionally, doctors have measured pregnancy from a number of convenient points ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beginning_of_pregnancy_controversy

Kulier R, Fekih A, Hofmeyr GJ, Campana A (2001). "Surgical methods for first trimester termination of pregnancy". The Cochrane ... Scar ectopic pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy, however, when it does occur it causes complications in pregnancy ... This surgical incision is used in several medical procedures, including during termination of pregnancy in the second trimester ... In addition, a rare form of ectopic pregnancy known as scar ectopic pregnancy can occur. This is when there is abnormal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hysterotomy

Navarrete, C. D., Fessler, D. M. T., & Eng, S. J. (2007). Elevated ethnocentrism in the first trimester of pregnancy. Evolution ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Schaller

The magazine also covers early (first trimester) pregnancy. In addition to the magazine, the Conceive brand included a website ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceive_(magazine)

Most often, nausea and vomiting symptoms during pregnancy resolve in the first trimester, however, some continue to experience ... Complications of pregnancy are health problems that are related to pregnancy. Complications that occur primarily during ... Incidence is reported as 0.5-0.9% of all pregnancies. Acute fatty liver of pregnancy is sometimes included in the pre-eclamptic ... There is no clear distinction between complications of pregnancy and symptoms and discomforts of pregnancy. However, the latter ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complications_of_pregnancy

1993). "First-Trimester Transabdominal Multifetal Pregnancy Reduction: A Report of Two Hundred Completed Cases". American ... The reduction procedure is usually performed during the first trimester of pregnancy. It often follows detection of a ... "First-trimester aspiration abortion". Management of Unintended and Abnormal Pregnancy: Comprehensive Abortion Care. John Wiley ... and third-trimester termination of pregnancy: opinions of health care professionals". Fetal Diagn Ther. 18 (2): 91-7. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foeticide

"Bleeding During Pregnancy". www.acog.org. Retrieved 30 June 2022. "1st trimester pregnancy: What to expect". Mayo Clinic. ... Pregnancy symptoms may be categorized based on trimester as well as region of the body affected. Many of the early signs of ... Breast tenderness typically improves as the body adjusts to the pregnancy. Fatigue in the first trimester is common due to ... Poole, C. J. (September 1986). "Fatigue during the first trimester of pregnancy". Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signs_and_symptoms_of_pregnancy

Medical induction abortion is a safe and effective method for termination of pregnancies beyond the first trimester when ... Late termination of pregnancy, also referred to as late-term abortion, describes the termination of pregnancy by induced ... A late termination of pregnancy often refers to an induced ending of pregnancy after the 20th week of gestation, i.e. after a ... It is not common for live infants to be born after an abortion at any stage in pregnancy. In 2019, a US Senate Bill entitled ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Late_termination_of_pregnancy

During the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, as well as during interpandemic periods, women in the third trimester of pregnancy were at ... particularly during the third trimester. Also, recurrences of herpes genitalis increase in frequency during pregnancy. The risk ... In pregnancy, there is an increased susceptibility and/or severity of several infectious diseases. There are several potential ... Varicella occurs at an increased rate during pregnancy, but mortality is not higher than that among men and non-pregnant women ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susceptibility_and_severity_of_infections_in_pregnancy

There is usually pregnancy gingivitis also. Pregnancy epulis commonly occurs during the third trimester of pregnancy. In adults ... Also termed a "pregnancy tumor" or "granuloma gravidarum", this lesion is identical to a pyogenic granuloma in all respects ... Hormonal changes during pregnancy causes an increased inflammatory response to plaque and other irritants, which in turn causes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epulis

"First Trimester complications in pregnancy with diabetes". September 2016. Walsh, John (2006). Pumping Insulin. San Diego, ... Diabetes mellitus Gestational diabetes Pregnancy "Pregnancy if You Have Diabetes , NIDDK". National Institute of Diabetes and ... Pathology of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium, Diabetes, Health issues in pregnancy). ... During the first weeks of pregnancy less insulin treatment is required due to tight blood sugar control as well as the extra ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_and_pregnancy

... and during the third trimester of pregnancy. Known mild side effects of mefenamic acid include headaches, nervousness, and ... In 2008 the US label was updated with a warning concerning a risk of premature closure of the ductus arteriosus in pregnancy. ... They recommend avoiding NSAIDs in pregnant women at 20 weeks or later in pregnancy. Symptoms of overdosing include kidney ... sustaining of pregnancy, and protection of the gastric mucosa. Mefenamic acid is rapidly absorbed from the gut and reaches ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mefenamic_acid

Bleeding in early pregnancy may be a sign of a threatened or incomplete miscarriage. In the second or third trimester a ... Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy can be normal, especially in early pregnancy. However, bleeding may also indicate a pregnancy ... Vaginal bleeding occurs during 15-25% of first trimester pregnancies. Of these, half go on to miscarry and half bring the fetus ... Snell, BJ (Nov-Dec 2009). "Assessment and management of bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy". Journal of Midwifery & ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaginal_bleeding

Caution should be used in pregnancy, especially in the first trimester. Sexual partners, even if they have no symptoms, should ... It may also cause complications during pregnancy. Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) which is most often ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichomoniasis

... is safe to use during the first trimester of pregnancy. Efavirenz passes into breast milk and breast-fed infants may ... It is not safe for use during pregnancy. It is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) and works by blocking ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efavirenz

Trimester means "three months". A normal pregnancy lasts about nine months and has three trimesters. First trimester screening ... In the third trimester the midwife will see the mother every two weeks until week 36 and every week after that. Weight, blood ... Her past pregnancies and family, social, and medical history are discussed. Women may have an ultrasound scan during the first ... Lab tests such as a CBC and UA may be done with additional testing done for at-risk pregnancies. The midwife palpates the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midwifery

... she is in her last trimester of pregnancy. Akatok and his friend continue their search nearby. While working Amina encounters a ... Soon after Amina and the landlord learn of Amina's pregnancy for which the landlord berates her. Amina cannot have a baby in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azali_(film)

It is also effective in the second trimester of pregnancy. Effectiveness should be verified two weeks after use. It is taken by ... "Medical methods for mid-trimester termination of pregnancy". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2011 (1): CD005216. ... "Mifepristone Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 14 March 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2018. Corey EJ ( ... Initially, its use was limited to seven weeks into a pregnancy, but this was changed to nine weeks in 2017. The previous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mifepristone

Clinical Significance of Subchorionic and Retroplacental Hematomas Detected in the First Trimester of Pregnancy [1]. Obstetrics ... "First-Trimester Intrauterine Hematoma and Outcome of Pregnancy". Obstetrics & Gynecology. 105 (2): 339-44. doi:10.1097/01.AOG. ... It occurs in about 3.1% of all pregnancies, it is the most common sonographic abnormality and the most common cause of first ... Hemorrhage During Pregnancy: Sonography and MR Imaging [3]. Amer J Roentgenology 2001; 176:607-615. Trop I, Levine D. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorionic_hematoma

These effects can be magnified especially during the first and third trimester of pregnancy when the baby is growing rapidly. ... Alcohol consumption in the first trimester of pregnancy, which is a crucial developmental stage of fetal growth, can have ... "Drinking and Your Pregnancy". pubs.niaaa.nih.gov. Retrieved 2018-11-16. "WHO , Substance use in pregnancy". www.who.int. ... Alcohol use at some point during pregnancy is common and appears to be rising in prevalence. Alcohol use during pregnancy has ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_and_pregnancy

Accuracy has been reported at 98.6% in the first trimester of pregnancy. Confirmatory testing by invasive techniques ( ... Zindler, L (Apr-Jun 2005). "Ethical decision making in first trimester pregnancy screening". The Journal of Perinatal & ... Screening in both the first and second trimesters is better than just screening in the first trimester. The different screening ... About 92% of pregnancies in Europe with a diagnosis of Down syndrome are terminated. As a result, there is almost no one with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down_syndrome

It should be taken as at least 0.4 mg/day throughout the first trimester of pregnancy, 0.6 mg/day through the pregnancy, and ... Riley L (2006). Pregnancy: The Ultimate Week-by-Week Pregnancy Guide. Meredith Books. pp. 21-22. ISBN 978-0-696-22221-4. Chen ... Caffeine consumption during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of pregnancy loss and increased risk of low birth ... Caffeine consumption during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of pregnancy loss. The available research favors the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrition_and_pregnancy

First instalment (in first trimester of pregnancy) - ₹3,000/- • Early Registration of Pregnancy, preferably within the first ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_alleviation_programmes_in_India

17.8%; loss of second-trimester pregnancy, 16.4% vs. 1.7%; ectopic pregnancy, 14.6% vs. 2.9%; preeclampsia, 26.4% vs. 13.7%; ... Women who were prescribed DES during pregnancy have been shown to have a modestly increased risk of breast cancer and breast ... These are the grandchildren of women who were given DES during pregnancy and whose mother or father was therefore exposed to ... These anomalies contribute to an increased risk of infertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes in prenatally DES-exposed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birth_defects_of_diethylstilbestrol

"Diagnostic Criteria for Nonviable Pregnancy Early in the First Trimester". New England Journal of Medicine. 369 (15): 1443-1451 ... pregnancy as well as the ability to see and determine features like the sex of the fetus affect the way in which pregnancy is ... TIS for soft tissues in the first trimester and TIB for bones in second and third trimesters) as low as possible, preferably ... Performing an ultrasound at this early stage of pregnancy can more accurately confirm the timing of the pregnancy, and can also ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstetric_ultrasonography

... during that time she begins a relationship with the Rat that ends with them marrying in the last trimester of her pregnancy. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Stainless_Steel_Rat

... causing birth defects when taken in the first trimester of pregnancy. If only one enantiomer is administered to a human subject ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racemization

Guo, Xin (2012). "A Noninasive Test to Determine Paternity in Pregnancy". The New England Journal of Medicine. 366 (18): 1743- ... "Who's the Dad? First-Trimester Blood Test May Tell". Consumer.healthday.com. May 2, 2012. Retrieved August 17, 2013. Ravgen's ... pre-birth testing alternatives for expectant mothers and give them the knowledge they need to prepare for their pregnancies. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravgen

Usually the treatment is done in the first or second trimester of pregnancy, for a woman who has had one or more late ... The treatment consists of a strong suture sewn into and around the cervix early in the pregnancy, usually between weeks 12 to ... This cerclage is usually placed between 16 weeks and 18 weeks of pregnancy. The stitch is generally removed around the 37th ... "Cervical Cerclage". American Pregnancy Association. 26 April 2012. Retrieved 2013-06-27. McDonald, Ian A. (1957). "Suture of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cerclage

... been found to be present in amniotic fluid in significantly high concentrations throughout all three trimesters of pregnancy. ... Premature rupture of fetal membranes (or PROM as it is more commonly referred) occurs in roughly 10% of pregnancies and is one ... that included 101 consecutively recruited pregnant women with singleton pregnancies who presented with symptoms of preterm ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placental_alpha_microglobulin-1_(PAMG-1)

... occurs in about 1 in 200 pregnancies. Along with placenta previa and uterine rupture it is one of the most ... Cocaine use during the third trimester has a 10% chance of causing abruption. Though the exact mechanism is not known, cocaine ... It is classified as a complication of pregnancy. For small abruption, bed rest may be recommended, while for more significant ... In most cases, placental disease and abnormalities of the spiral arteries develop throughout the pregnancy and lead to necrosis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placental_abruption

The cost of an abortion varies by facility, type of abortion, and gestation of the pregnancy. As of 2014, the median cost of a ... and about twice as much in the second trimester. This does not include non-medical costs, such as transportation, lodging, ... procedural or medication abortion in the first trimester is estimated to be about $500, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_fund

... but it can hardly explain episodes starting in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy. Between the 16th and 18th centuries ... Recurrences after another pregnancy are rare. Their frequency began to decline at the end of the 19th century, and fell steeply ... Given late in pregnancy, antipsychotic agents and lithium can have adverse effects on the infant. Stopping mood-stabilisers has ... The evidence for a trigger acting in pregnancy is also based on the large number of reported cases, and particularly on the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postpartum_psychosis

When Lassa fever infects pregnant women late in their third trimester, inducing delivery is necessary for the mother to have a ... "A prospective study of maternal and fetal outcome in acute Lassa fever infection during pregnancy". BMJ. 297 (6648): 584-7. doi ... when it occurs in pregnant women during their third trimester; fetal death also occurs in nearly all those cases. Abortion ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lassa_fever

In 2016, 98% of abortions were performed in the first trimester, in the period between 7 and 13 weeks of pregnancy. Most of ... Only 2% of abortions in 2016 occurred in the second trimester, defined as week 13 to week 22. All abortions second trimester ... In 2016, the price of an abortion at a family planning clinic generally cost around $225 to $325 for a first trimester abortion ... 23 out of every 1,000 pregnancies in 1999 were terminated as a result of an abortion. In the period between 1991 and 1992, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_in_Puerto_Rico

In pregnancy, it is more useful during the second and third trimester, particularly as the enlargening uterus displaces the ... First trimester pregnancies are usually not candidates for MRI, as the fetus is still undergoing organogenesis, and there are ... Women: A pregnancy test is important for all women of childbearing age since an ectopic pregnancy can have signs and symptoms ... A urinalysis generally does not show infection, but it is important for determining pregnancy status, especially the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appendicitis

... in the late stages of pregnancy. Reasons vary according to the trimester, relating to hormonal changes and physical discomfort ... Women at the third trimester report progressively reduced Total Sleep Time, and similarly to the second trimester, being ... They sleep on average more during this time compared to pre-pregnancy sleep time. Total sleep time, however, decreases as the ... Laboratory based measures during the second trimester show a further decrease in total sleep time, slow-wave sleep and sleep ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleep_problems_in_women

In the later stages of pregnancy, the cervix may already have opened up to 1-3 cm (or more in rarer circumstances), but during ... Kapp, Nathalie; Lohr, Patricia A; Ngo, Thoai D; Hayes, Jennifer L (2010-02-17). "Cervical preparation for first trimester ... Osmotic dilators produce wide cervical dilation in a predictable fashion and are generally used in more advanced pregnancies. ... During pregnancy, the os (opening) of the cervix is blocked by a thick plug of mucus to prevent bacteria from entering the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_dilation

The U.S. Supreme Court's decision in 1973's Roe v. Wade barred states from regulating abortion in the first trimester; ... or because her pregnancy was a result of rape or incest. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelle_Lujan_Grisham

In the embryological development, mammary glands firstly appear after six weeks of pregnancy in the form of ectodermal ridges. ... carbimazole treatment during first trimester. For bilateral amastia, the cause has not been well understood so far. It may be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amastia

... there was insufficient evidence to recommend routine use of trivalent influenza vaccine during the first trimester of pregnancy ... A review of nearly 1,400 adolescent girls found no difference in teen pregnancy, the incidence of sexually transmitted ... Skowronski DM, De Serres G (July 2009). "Is routine influenza immunization warranted in early pregnancy?". Vaccine. 27 (35): ... one study found a sevenfold increased risk of schizophrenia when mothers were exposed to influenza in the first trimester of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine_hesitancy

A vanishing twin, also known as twin resorption, is a fetus in a multigestation pregnancy that dies in utero and is then ... ultrasonographic assessment of fetal disappearance in the first trimester". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 155 ... Vanishing twins occur in up to one of every eight multifetus pregnancies and may not even be known in most cases. "High ... In pregnancies achieved by in vitro fertilization, "it frequently happens that more than one amniotic sac can be seen in early ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanishing_twin

Maternal reactions to stress such as increased heart rate are dampened during pregnancy in order to protect the fetus. The ... Heavy use by the mother within the first trimester is associated with lower verbal reasoning scores on the Stanford-Binet ... Breslau, Naomi; Nigel Paneth, Victoria C Lucia and Rachel Paneth-Pollak (2005). "Maternal smoking during pregnancy and ... Butler, NR; Goldstein H (1973). "Smoking in pregnancy and subsequent child development". British Medical Journal. 4 (5892): 573 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environment_and_intelligence

Furthermore, ultrasound diagnoses is best applied in the second or third pregnancy trimester when structural anomalies are more ... particularly during early pregnancies for the purpose of pregnancy options counseling. The postnatal diagnosis of PKS is ... and/or best employed later in a woman's pregnancy, prenatal cell-free DNA screening (cfDNA screening), also known as ... Retrospective analysis of 114 pregnancies, literature review and approach to prenatal diagnosis". American Journal of Medical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pallister–Killian_syndrome

Use during the first trimester should only occur if there is no alternative. In February 2013, the U.S. Food and Drug ... There are tentative concerns that use during pregnancy can result in harm to the baby. It is unclear if use during ... There are tentative concerns that use during pregnancy can result in harm to the baby. Effective birth control is thus ... "Dolutegravir (Tivicay) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 16 October 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2020. "Tivicay- dolutegravir ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolutegravir

A 1988 study found that individuals who were exposed to the Asian flu in the second trimester were at increased risk of later ... In particular, the combination of a maternal infection during pregnancy followed by heightened stress at the onset of sexual ... Golan H, Kashtutsky I, Hallak M, Sorokin Y, Huleihel M (2004). "Maternal hypoxia during pregnancy delays the development of ... It is well established that pregnancy complications are associated with an increased risk of the child later developing ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_factors_of_schizophrenia

During the second trimester of pregnancy, high levels of estetrol can be found in maternal plasma, with steadily rising ... Estetrol is produced exclusively by the fetal liver and is found in detectable levels only during pregnancy, with relatively ... Holinka CF, Diczfalusy E, Coelingh Bennink HJ (May 2008). "Estetrol: a unique steroid in human pregnancy". The Journal of ... Heikkilä J, Luukkainen T (June 1971). "Urinary excretion of estriol and 15 alpha-hydroxyestriol in complicated pregnancies". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estetrol

Pirhonen JP, Hartgil TW (2004). "Spontaneous reversal of mirror syndrome in a twin pregnancy after a single fetal death". ... Heyborne KD, Chism DM (2000). "Reversal of Ballantyne syndrome by selective second-trimester fetal termination. A case report ... "Selective fetocide reversed mirror syndrome in a dichorionic triplet pregnancy with severe twin-twin transfusion syndrome: a ... Health issues in pregnancy, Syndromes in females). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirror_syndrome

The self-stated goals of the consortium are: Exposing fake abortion clinics (also known as crisis pregnancy centers) ... and second-trimester abortions as playing a critical role in their inability to remain open. In addition to the ongoing ... Making pregnancy tests available over-the-counter Requiring informational package inserts on all prescription medications ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminist_Abortion_Network

In eight other provinces, authorities are required to terminate unauthorized pregnancies. Activists such as Chen Guangcheng ... sometimes in the third trimester after the fetus has reached viability. In ten Chinese provinces, including Shaanxi, ... "Feng agreed to go through an operation to end the pregnancy on June 2 following repeated mediation by the township officials", ... a 2001 law prohibited abortions after the sixth month of pregnancy.[citation needed] Nevertheless, human rights groups and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_abortion_of_Feng_Jianmei

In some cases, some or all treatments are postponed until after birth if the cancer is diagnosed late in the pregnancy. Early ... Some treatments, especially certain chemotherapy drugs given during the first trimester, increase the risk of birth defects and ... In a few instances, such as advanced uterine cancer, the pregnancy cannot be continued and in others, the patient may end the ... The most common cancers found during pregnancy are the same as the most common cancers found in non-pregnant women during ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer

The neural tube closes in the sixth week of the pregnancy, so hydranencephaly develops during these weeks of the pregnancy. The ... "Fetal development: What happens during the first trimester?". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2020-05-12. Sandoval, Jose I.; De Jesus, ... If the pregnancy is low risk to develop a neural tube defect then the recommendation for that individual is 0.4 mg daily until ... infections: during the pregnancy, a woman can develop an infection in the uterus what can lead to problems with the neural tube ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_tube_defect

... is legal in all stages of pregnancy. A 2014 Pew Research Center poll showed 70% of adults in the state ... to do first-trimester aspiration abortions and to prescribe drugs for medical abortions. In February 2019, Vermont House Human ... In 1990, 67,000 women in the state faced the risk of an unintended pregnancy. In 2013, among white women aged 15-19, there were ... Wade meant the state could no longer regulate abortion in the first trimester. The Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_in_Vermont

Signs of early pregnancy are missed menstrual periods, fatigue, breast enlargement, abdominal distention, and nausea. During ... The first trimester of pregnancy is the first three months after conception. ... The first trimester of pregnancy is the first three months after conception. Signs of early pregnancy are missed menstrual ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/17178.htm

Also avail free - Trimester of pregnancy News Widget from Medindia ... Find latest news and research updates on Trimester of pregnancy. ... Trimester of pregnancy - Free News Widget Customize it to your ... Trimester of Pregnancy / Pregnancy -Trimester. Encyclopedia section of medindia explains in brief about confirmation of ... Multiple Pregnancy Calculator. Multiple Pregnancy Calculator assesses your pregnancy symptoms and finds if you are pregnant ...

https://www.medindia.net/healthnews/trimester-pregnancy-news.asp?utm_source=medindia&utm_medium=footerwidget&utm_content=&utm_campaign=morenews

For some people it is normal signs of body changes due to pregnancy but it is a VERY good idea to consult your doctor because ... Is pain common in the first trimester of pregnancy?. cramping is common in the first trimester, but if they are very painful or ... Is cramping usual in the first trimester of pregnancy?. Cramping in the first trimester is to be expected because your uterus ... Is cramping normal in the first trimester?. Yes, my wife had random cramping the entire pregnancy. Cramping during pregnancy, ...

https://www.answers.com/Q/Is_cramping_in_your_first_trimester_of_pregnancy_normal

To assess the effectiveness of intravaginal misoprostol for second trimester uterine evacuation, we studied 70 women with ... singleton pregnancies complicated by fetal malformation or dead fetuses. Participants received 200 ... ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Pregnancy+Trimester%2C+Second&type=mesh

As you enter the final stage of pregnancy, here are the changes you can expect ... Pregnancy: The third trimester, weeks 28-40. As you enter the final stage of pregnancy, here are the changes you can expect. ... The stretching of your skin, or rashes associated with pregnancy may cause intense itching. Always report this to your doctor ... during this trimester. These can be uncomfortable, but unlike "real" contractions will not increase in intensity. ...

https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/health-family/parenting/pregnancy-the-third-trimester-weeks-28-40-1.2577067

Of 79 women enrolled, 66 (84%) had ACEI exposure limited to the first trimester of pregnancy (less than or equal to 14 weeks ... Postmarketing Surveillance for Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Use During the First Trimester of Pregnancy -- United ... Ventura SJ, Taffel SM, Mosher WD, Wilson JB, Henshaw S. Trends in pregnancies and pregnancy rates: estimates for the United ... but use of ACEIs during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy has been associated with a pattern of defects known as ...

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046949.htm

Outpatient Service for Mid-trimester Termination of Pregnancy. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the ... Outpatient Service for Mid-trimester Termination of Pregnancy Official Title ICMJE Evaluating the Safety, Acceptability and ... Abortion in Second Trimester Intervention ICMJE Drug: Mifepristone + Misoprostol A single dose of 200 mg mifepristone (one ... Have an ongoing pregnancy of 13-18 weeks gestation. *Meet legal criteria to obtain an abortion at 13-18 weeks gestation (legal ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT03346629?view=results

First trimester is the WORST. That and the last month. My least favorite!! On a good note, you look ADORABLE!! 🙂 ... Im done with my first trimester too, and almost with my second. Im expecting my third baby soon this coming May or June. You ... I am currently in my first trimester and actually perusing your recipes during the couple of hours midday that I dont feel ... Zofran saved my life during my 2nd pregnancy. I vomited for 12 straight weeks - it was hell. ...

https://www.twopeasandtheirpod.com/first-trimester-facts/

During your 2nd pregnancy trimester you can find out the gender of your baby. Discover what to look out for and how to prepare ... MAM: How does the baby develop in this stage of pregnancy? Dr. Duan: At the start of the second trimester, the baby is roughly ... Tony (Tao) Duan, we look at what you can expect to experience during your second trimester. Dr. Tony (Tao) Duan is the Founder ... MAM: What can you do to prepare for birth during the second trimester? For instance, when should you start with pelvic floor ...

https://www.mambaby.com/int-showroom/mam-magazine/pregnancy-weeks/the-second-trimester/

Questions to ask your doctor about the first trimester of pregnancy ... When You Visit Your Doctor - Pregnancy: 1st Trimester January 30, 2017 Pregnancy: 1st Trimester. Questions to Discuss with Your ... Your age and how it will affect your pregnancy.. *Have you been pregnant before? If so, what was the outcome of each pregnancy ... Did any of your pregnancies end in miscarriage, voluntary abortion, or an ectopic (tubal) pregnancy? ...

https://www.health.harvard.edu/womens-health/when-you-visit-your-doctor-pregnancy-1st-trimester

So, Im in my third trimester already. That came up out of nowhere. Whats worse is that my friend had to point it out to me. ... I thought pregnancy would kick this type of thinking into high gear, but fortunately, it mellowed me out (mostly). Ignorance is ... Im always a stickler for monitoring time, but somehow, this pregnancy has made me more lax in this department. Of course I ... I only have one trimester left to live, so I better get my ducks in a row now. ...

https://www.pnmag.com/uncategorized/week-29-hello-third-trimester/

The causes of nausea and diarrhea during early pregnancy may be attributed to consumption of certain types of foods. ... Nausea and diarrhea during pregnancy are common symptoms faced by pregnant women. ... In most cases, these symptoms occur in mild to moderate severity during the first trimester of pregnancy. The symptoms tend to ... Pregnancy Week 39 - Diarrhea An average human pregnancy usually lasts for around 40 weeks and therefore, if you are in... ...

http://www.pregnancy-baby-care.com/articles/882/during-pregnancy/nausea-and-diarrhea-during-pregnancy.html

Pregnancy Tip Your body needs more of certain nutrients during the first trimester. Thats why Biotegritys Stage 1 have been ... the pregnancy hormone. Home pregnancy tests, which test for hCG in the urine, may show a positive result but are not as ... At this early stage of your pregnancy the embryo is rapidly growing, from 1.5mm at the beginning of the week to 5mm by the end ... Due to these new hormones, you may start to feel the first few symptoms of pregnancy, which are similar to those that you would ...

https://pregnancy-info.net/babydevelopment_4.html

... of all pregnancies can experience some bleeding in early pregnancy, with about 50% of those resulting in normal pregnancies). â ... It is well known that about 80 per cent of miscarriages occur in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy (the first trimester). The ... â€¢ smoking during pregnancy. â€¢ drug misuse during pregnancy. â€¢ drinking more than 200mg of caffeine a day â€" one mug of ... Causes of Abortion in First Trimester of Pregnancy. Health & Wellbeing , 5 years ago ...

https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2017/11/11/causes-of-abortion-in-first-trimester-of-pregnancy/

See what to expect during the last trimester. ... As baby grows bigger during the third trimester of pregnancy ... Physical Annoyances during the Third Trimester of Pregnancy. Once you reach the third trimester of pregnancy, baby will be ... Constipation During the Third Trimester of Pregnancy. In the third trimester of pregnancy, your enlarging uterus and its ... In the third trimester of pregnancy, it is more the result of upward pressure of the growing uterus than of pregnancy hormones ...

https://www.askdrsears.com/topics/pregnancy-childbirth/seventh-month/10-common-annoyances-third-trimester/

See an OB/GYN in San Antonio to learn more about your care needs based on your pregnancy calendar. ... Different pregnancy trimesters require various levels of care. ... Different pregnancy trimesters require various care levels as ... Compassionate Care for Various Pregnancy Stages. One of the common terms women encounter during pregnancy is trimester, which ... Want to learn more about your and your babys care in various pregnancy trimesters? Fill out a contact form and well call you ...

https://www.baptisthealthsystem.com/services/obstetrics/what-to-expect-during-pregnancy

... - Medscape - May 09, 2020. ... Adherence to Oral Contraceptive Protocols Prevents Pregnancy * Some US Abortion Pill Providers Curb Availability After Appeals ... The patients obstetric history was notable for a prior spontaneous vaginal delivery and anemia during her current pregnancy, ... She described fatigue but stated that it was no worse than usual during her current pregnancy. ...

http://reference.medscape.com/viewarticle/930202

Our objective is to determinate the reference range of TSH during the 1st trimester of pregnancy in our healthcare area and the ... Reference range determination of TSH during the first trimester of pregnancy and the impact of its future implantation in the ... Reference range determination of TSH during the first trimester of pregnancy and the impact of its future implantation in the ... Results: New local reference level for the 1st trimester: TSH 0.17 4.39 μU/ml; T4L 0.97 1.88 ng/dl. Screening tests in the last ...

https://www.endocrine-abstracts.org/ea/0049/ea0049ep1331

... register now for the day-long 4 Trimesters: Pregnancy, Birth & Postpartum Conference. ... Growing A Baby? Register Now For The 4 Trimesters: Pregnancy, Birth & Postpartum Conference. shedoesthecity October 2, 2018 ... Tags: 4 Trimesters, Birth, Breastfeeding, Caesarean, Childbirth, Delivery, Diastasis, Diastasis Recti, infant, labour, ... Growing a baby? Dont do it alone! Pregnancy, birth and the postpartum period can be a source of great joy, but its also ...

https://www.shedoesthecity.com/growing-a-baby-register-now-for-the-4-trimesters-pregnancy-birth-postpartum-conference/

Stay fit for labor with this second trimester workout. ... Active moms are not only healthier during pregnancy, but also ... A Pregnancy Workout for the Second Trimester. Active moms are not only healthier, happier, and better rested during pregnancy, ... Fitness during pregnancy has many additional perks, including improving mood and energy levels, preventing excess weight gain, ...

https://www.sonima.com/fitness/second-trimester-workout/

Productive Muslimah Pregnancy Diaries: First Trimester. Mohammed Faris, Wed 4 Jumada Al Oula 1435AH 5-3-2014AD. Spiritual ... I had suffered a miscarriage prior to this pregnancy, so I made dua to Allah to get me through this first trimester with ease ... Managing nausea in pregnancy. Many expectant mothers experience some form of nausea during the first trimester, ranging from ... In sha Allah I look forward to sharing with you the highs, lows, challenges and tips through the next trimesters of pregnancy ...

https://productivemuslim.com/productive-muslimah-pregnancy-diaries-1/

The second-trimester pregnancy is from weeks 13 to 26, learn second-trimester yoga poses and their benefits. ... Pregnancy Yoga - Second Trimester Pregnancy Yoga - Second Trimester. The Second Trimester of Pregnancy is from week 13 to 26. ... Women at this stage in pregnancy are getting used to the feeling of pregnancy on their body. ... Yoga in Pregnancy - Second Trimester(this is the second article in this series) ...

https://www.sampoornayoga.com/pregnancy-yoga-second-trimester/

First Trimester of Pregnancy - Medical Animation. Add to my lightbox. Find More Like This. ... Normal Pregnancy: First Trimester - Medical Illustration. Add to my lightbox. Find More Like This. ... Normal Pregnancy: Second Trimester - Medical Illustration. Add to my lightbox. Find More Like This. ... Normal Pregnancy: Third Trimester - Medical Illustration. Add to my lightbox. Find More Like This. ...

https://www.doereport.com/displaymonograph.php?MID=193

Pregnancy-associated breast cancer is defined as breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy, lactation or 1-year postpartum. The ... 2 The reproductive system is affected by malignant growth more frequently than any other systems during pregnancy. ... Cancer complicates approximately 1 per 1000 pregnancies and accounts for one third of maternal deaths during gestation.1, ... Managing Breast Cancer Diagnosed in First Trimester Pregnancy: A Case Report. Ramesh Wijaya, Wei Sean Yong, Allen WY Yeo, Diana ...

https://annals.edu.sg/managing-breast-cancer-diagnosed-in-first-trimester-pregnancy-a-case-report/

Learn more about your emotions during the first trimester of pregnancy from the Allina Health pregnancy manual - Beginnings: ... The stress of pregnancy can lead to or can worsen depression. At least one in 10 pregnant people become depressed. If youre ... Educate yourself about pregnancy and birth.. *Visualize your baby floating comfortably in your uterus. Think of you and your ... Pregnancy hormones affect your emotions as well as your body. In addition, not getting enough sleep and dealing with physical ...

https://www.allinahealth.org/health-conditions-and-treatments/health-library/patient-education/beginnings/first-trimester/whats-happening/your-emotions

... third trimester. Get free rules, notes, crosswalks, synonyms, history for ICD-10 code O92.013. ... ICD 10 code for Retracted nipple associated with pregnancy, ... 1st trimester- less than 14 weeks 0 days. *2nd trimester- 14 ... Retracted nipple associated with pregnancy, third trimester. 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Billable/Specific Code ... O92.013 is applicable to mothers in the third trimester of pregnancy, which is defined as between equal to or greater than 28 ...

https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O85-O92/O92-/O92.013

ADAM12s and PP13 as first trimester screening markers for adverse pregnancy outcome. / Deurloo, K.L.; Linskens, I.H.; Heijmans ... ADAM12s and PP13 as first trimester screening markers for adverse pregnancy outcome. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine ... ADAM12s and PP13 as first trimester screening markers for adverse pregnancy outcome. In: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory ... Dive into the research topics of ADAM12s and PP13 as first trimester screening markers for adverse pregnancy outcome. ...

https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/adam12s-and-pp13-as-first-trimester-screening-markers-for-adverse

Bidragsyterens navn vises på dette resultatet som Håkon K. Gjessing ...

https://app.cristin.no/results/show.jsf?id=1998226

6. New evidence from 1025 pregnancies with confirmed artemisinin exposure in the first trimester in South-East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa indicates that artemisinins are not associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, stillbirths or major congenital malformations compared to non-artemisinin regimens. (who.int)
Moreover, comparison of carefully documented and prospectively collected safety data on women exposed only to artemisinin-based treatment with data collected on women exposed only to quinine in the first trimester of pregnancy showed that artemisinin was associated with a significantly reduced rate of miscarriage compared to quinine. (who.int)
Did any of your pregnancies end in miscarriage, voluntary abortion, or an ectopic (tubal) pregnancy? (harvard.edu)
A miscarriage is an event that results in the loss of a fetus during early pregnancy. (thisdaylive.com)
It is known that , 10 to 25 percent of all clinically recognised pregnancies end in miscarriage. (thisdaylive.com)
If a miscarriage happens during the first trimester of pregnancy (the first three months), itâ€™s usually caused by problems with the unborn baby (foetus). (thisdaylive.com)
If a miscarriage happens during the second trimester of pregnancy (between weeks 14 and 26), it may be the result of an underlying health condition in the mother. (thisdaylive.com)
As I had suffered a miscarriage prior to this pregnancy, I worried about whether feeling ill whilst fasting might affect my baby. (productivemuslim.com)
On the one hand, not all bleedings, which happen during the first trimester convey a pregnancy loss or an unviable pregnancy, since in many cases , it will be a "transitory alarm" that we call threat of miscarriage . (institutobernabeu.com)
The most frequent cause is the risk of miscarriage (if the pregnancy continues to evolve) or miscarriage if it stops. (institutobernabeu.com)
Miscarriage in the first trimester. (institutobernabeu.com)
Most women, however, tend to wait until the end of the first trimester, when the risk for miscarriage is lesser. (onsurity.com)
First-trimester prediction of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), preeclampsia (PE), birthweight, aneuploidy, miscarriage, complications in multiple pregnancies and homozygous α 0 -thalassemia is a challenging and emerging field. (medscape.com)
Obesity is associated with increased risk of first trimester and recurrent miscarriage: matched case-control study. (medscape.com)

MAM: What complications can happen in the second trimester? (mambaby.com)
There is consistent evidence that many of the pregnancy complications that occur late in the second and third trimester can be predicted from an integrated 11-13 weeks visit, where a maternal and fetal assessment are comprehensively performed. (bvsalud.org)
Recent studies have shown that the first trimester provides important information that may help to predict pregnancy complications , such as preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction , stillbirth , preterm birth , gestational diabetes mellitus and placenta accreta spectrum disorder. (bvsalud.org)
If your pregnancy doesn't have complications, your prenatal visits may not differ much from a singleton pregnancy until you get to the end of your second trimester. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
She notes that people who get COVID-19 while pregnant face much higher risks of severe outcomes - not just from the virus but from other serious hypertensive complications of pregnancy , such as preeclampsia and postpartum hemorrhaging. (laist.com)
Serious complications in the third trimester had forced my son into the world six weeks before his due date. (wkms.org)
In order to prevent PE complications, there are many early detection markers, which include maternal demographics, past medical, obstetric, family history, and some current pregnancy characteristics [ 4 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Once the diagnosis of diabetes is established in a pregnant woman, continued testing for glycemic control and diabetic complications is indicated for the remainder of the pregnancy. (medscape.com)
Getting vaccinated during pregnancy will not increase your risk for pregnancy complications. (cdc.gov)

See what kind of annoyances and discomforts you can expect during the last trimester. (askdrsears.com)
Although an incrementally increased risk of cancer-specific mortality is impossible to exclude, mothers who place a high priority on the lifelong well-being of their progeny may be informed that deferring optimal chemotherapy until after delivery is still an option to consider, especially in ER-positive, node-negative and/or last-trimester disease. (biomedcentral.com)
At week 28, you've officially reached the last trimester of your pregnancy. (puckermom.com)
About two-thirds of New Yorkers also say abortion should be "generally illegal" in the last trimester of pregnancy (63 percent), while about half as many (32 percent) think it should be "generally legal. (prnewswire.com)
Only two in ten would allow it in the last trimester (21 percent). (prnewswire.com)

Diagnosis of breast cancer during pregnancy was formerly considered an indication for abortion. (biomedcentral.com)
Accumulating evidence for the short-term safety of anthracycline-based chemotherapy during late-trimester pregnancy represents a clear advance over the traditional norm of therapeutic abortion. (biomedcentral.com)
NEW HAVEN, Conn. , March 28, 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- In the wake of a new law that allows abortion at any time during pregnancy, a new survey conducted by the Marist Poll finds that the overwhelming majority of New York State residents oppose late-term abortion. (prnewswire.com)
In fact, a majority of New Yorkers would limit abortion to - at most - the first three months of pregnancy. (prnewswire.com)
Nationally, Americans say third trimester abortion should be "generally illegal" by a 71 percent to 25 percent margin. (prnewswire.com)
When given a wide range of choices to describe their position on abortion, two-thirds of New Yorkers (66 percent) said they would limit abortion to - at most - the first trimester of pregnancy. (prnewswire.com)
Nationally, eight in 10 Americans would similarly limit abortion to - at most - the first three months of pregnancy. (prnewswire.com)
Marjorie Dannenfelser, president of SBA Pro-Life America, said she envisions an eventual "federal minimum standard" cut-off line such as 13 weeks of pregnancy after which abortion would not be permitted in any state. (ksby.com)
The idea that it is their body is a valid point, the idea that not all pregnancies are planned or even wanted is another point that the Pro-Choice movement will argue to defend their side of this abortion debate. (ipl.org)
Abortion is a termination of a pregnancy, usually within the first 28 weeks. (ipl.org)
To measure pregnancies , data on live births must be combined with information on induced abortion and fetal loss. (cdc.gov)

Of 79 women enrolled, 66 (84%) had ACEI exposure limited to the first trimester of pregnancy (less than or equal to 14 weeks' gestation, as measured since the time of their last menstrual periods). (cdc.gov)
One of the common terms women encounter during pregnancy is 'trimester,' which covers three stages of the gestation journey. (baptisthealthsystem.com)
Cancer complicates approximately 1 per 1000 pregnancies and accounts for one third of maternal deaths during gestation.1,2 The reproductive system is affected by malignant growth more frequently than any other systems during pregnancy. (annals.edu.sg)
code from category Z3A , Weeks of gestation, to identify the specific week of the pregnancy, if known. (icd10data.com)
While 40 weeks is the full gestation period of the average pregnancy, most twin pregnancies are delivered at approximately 36 weeks (range 32-38 weeks depending on the type of twin pregnancy). (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The nausea/vomiting will generally ease after the first trimester and typically stops before you reach 20 weeks gestation, or around halfway. (helpher.org)
Each trimester is about three months or 13 to 14 weeks in duration depending on the designation of the first day of gestation. (bvsalud.org)

MAM: How does the baby develop in this stage of pregnancy? (mambaby.com)
You might start to feel Braxton Hicks as you enter this late stage of pregnancy. (hey.nhs.uk)
Movement of any type may feel fantastic and be good for you at this stage of pregnancy. (lovehiveyoga.com)
There are several factors to consider when choosing the right maternity underwear, including your own personal comfort levels, which stage of pregnancy you're in, and what fabric will offer the most support throughout your body changes. (potipoti.com)

Nausea and diarrhea during pregnancy are common symptoms faced by most pregnant women. (pregnancy-baby-care.com)
In The Nest at Baptist Health System, we have a pregnancy care team in San Antonio, composed of OB/GYN doctors, nurses and staff, who are experienced in providing compassionate care to pregnant women and their babies regardless of where they are on the pregnancy timeline. (baptisthealthsystem.com)
Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in pregnant women, occurring at a rate of about 1 in 3000 pregnancies. (annals.edu.sg)
The yoga poses you'll perform in the third-trimester sequence are safe for most pregnant women and will help you prepare for delivery. (lovehiveyoga.com)
Assessment of pregnancy, fetal status, diagnosis of placental insufficiency (PI) in pregnant women with coronavirus COVID-19, is a topical issue in obstetric practice and is of great social value for the birth of healthy children. (umk.pl)
The control group consisted of 25 pregnant women with a physiological course of pregnancy, who gave birth to live full-term infants with mass-growth characteristics according to gestational age. (umk.pl)
Last but not the least pregnancy is the time when the pregnant women crave for different food items. (mamypoko.co.in)
Our aim was to evaluate the association between residential greenness and first trimester HC levels among pregnant women in Israel. (tau.ac.il)
The National Pregnancy Registry for Atypical Antipsychotics interviews pregnant women ages 18-45 during pregnancy and the postpartum period. (nih.gov)
Since 1997, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has recommended the routine vaccination of pregnant women with trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) after the first trimester of pregnancy. (sott.net)
All previously published studies of pregnant women who were administered TIV have reported this vaccine as safe during all stages of pregnancy. (sott.net)
In another follow-up safety study (conducted among 2,291 pregnant women) cited by ACIP did not find increased childhood mortality associated with exposure to TIV in pregnancy. (sott.net)
Women who have diagnosed or undiagnosed fibromyalgia before pregnancy tend to have worse symptoms during their pregnancy, according to the few studies that have been done on pregnant women and fibromyalgia. (fibromyalgia-symptoms.org)
Male or female patient, including breastfeeding or pregnant women in the second or third trimester. (who.int)

Usually the second trimester is quite enjoyable, as sickness decreases , the baby bump is still a comfortable size and the pregnant woman can share the excitement of a new family member arriving with others. (mambaby.com)
You may notice first trimester symptoms beginning to develop around this time, including constipation, fatigue, headache, increased urination and morning sickness. (baptisthealthsystem.com)
Usually called "morning sickness," nausea and vomiting are common during early pregnancy. (doereport.com)
Morning sickness also tends to dehydrate, so ensure you drink plenty of water and stay sufficiently hydrated throughout your pregnancy. (firstcry.com)
It also aids in the prevention of pregnancy-related adverse symptoms such as discomfort, morning sickness, and nausea. (lovehiveyoga.com)
Some women experience morning sickness-nausea and vomiting in the morning during the first and, sometimes, the second trimester of pregnancy. (alive.com)

ABSTRACT The efficacy and safety of 3 methods used in legal termination of pregnancy in the second and early third trimester was assessed in 258 women in Jordan randomly assigned to receive Foley catheter (with and without traction) or prostaglandin E2 vaginal tablets. (who.int)
However, Foley catheter as a method of termination of pregnancy in second and early third trimester is safe and inexpensive, and its efficacy can be enhanced with the use of traction to give similar results to prostaglandin E2. (who.int)
Despite recent advances in prenatal diagnosis during the first trimester, termination of pregnancy in the second and early third trimester of pregnancy due to fetal abnormalities or intrauterine fetal death still accounts for 10% of abortions in the USA [1]. (who.int)
Use of the Foley catheter for termination of pregnancy was first described by Krause in 1833 [4]. (who.int)
The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of 3 methods of termination of pregnancy in the second and early third trimester: PGE2 vaginal tablets, Foley catheter without traction and Foley catheter with traction. (who.int)
The study sample comprised healthy women who were 15-30 weeks pregnant and admitted for legal termination of pregnancy due to intrauterine fetal death or gross congenital abnormality. (who.int)
Objective: To study the feasibility of second- and thirdtrimester termination of pregnancy (TOP) with complete placenta previa, and the impact of performing feticide before labor induction on maternal hemorrhagic morbidity. (elsevier.com)

Copyright © 2021 Mac Millan Interactive Communications, LLC Privacy Policy and Terms and Conditions for this Site www.pregnancy-baby-care.com does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. (pregnancy-baby-care.com)
Clinical Picture: We present a 34-year-old primigravida who had a breast lump prior to confirmation of her pregnancy and received her diagnosis of invasive breast cancer at 7 weeks' amenorrhoea. (annals.edu.sg)
The median maternal age at the time of diagnosis of breast cancer during pregnancy is 32 to 38 years and the median gestational age at diagnosis is 17 to 25 weeks.2 The management of a pregnant mother with cancer is difficult and complex with decisions to be made which can impact both mother and the unborn child. (annals.edu.sg)
Existing physical/biochemical markers for predicting preterm birth risk are mostly suited for application at mid/late pregnancy stages, thereby leaving very short time (between diagnosis and delivery) for adopting appropriate intervention strategies. (nature.com)
Data included 145,936 babies with a CA diagnosis (livebirths, stillbirths and terminations of pregnancy for CA) from 15 population-based EUROCAT registries in 13 European countries, covering 9 million births 1995-2012. (rug.nl)
In regard to the gestational period of diagnosis of the fetus, 75% of the women received diagnosis in the second trimester of pregnancy, and of the total number of subjects, 37.5% presented high likelihood of having post-traumatic stress disorder. (bvsalud.org)

Changes in hormonal levels in the body could be the cause of nausea and other related symptoms during pregnancy. (pregnancy-baby-care.com)
Onto your second trimester, you may feel your nausea lessening, but you may be more tired. (baptisthealthsystem.com)
Many expectant mothers experience some form of nausea during the first trimester, ranging from mild to severe. (productivemuslim.com)
Although it can seem like it will last forever, nausea and vomiting usually go away after the first trimester. (doereport.com)
The worst pregnancy symptoms (nausea, etc.) start to go away by Week 12, which caps off your first trimester. (texasadoptioncenter.org)
The first trimester of my pregnancy passed with a sign of nausea, so it never occurred to me to exercise during this time. (ajdas.com)
This tea can also ease nausea during pregnancy and is known to reduce the pain of labour. (alive.com)
Nausea or vomiting during the third trimester of pregnancy. (growingyourbaby.com)

To assess the effectiveness of intravaginal misoprostol for second trimester uterine evacuation, we studied 70 women with singleton pregnancies complicated by fetal malformation or dead fetuses. (who.int)
Though they may start as early as 23 weeks, Barry says most women first feel Braxton Hicks - practice contractions - during this trimester. (irishtimes.com)
Although no adverse fetal effects have been linked to first trimester use of ACEIs, there has been no systematic evaluation of births to women with such exposures. (cdc.gov)
This report presents findings from the ACEI Registry, which indicate that the infants of 66 women who self-reported first trimester only exposure to ACEI showed no evidence of renal tubular dysplasia. (cdc.gov)
The ACEI Registry included women who directly or indirectly through physicians contacted one of seven TISs during their pregnancy about first trimester exposure to an ACEI. (cdc.gov)
In 1992, the Food and Drug Admin-istration warned physicians against prescribing ACEIs to women in their second or third trimester of pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
Strengthening your pelvic floor muscles may also help prevent or treat urinary stress incontinence, a problem that affects up to two-thirds of women during or after pregnancy. (mambaby.com)
has bestowed upon married women the gift of pregnancy and nurturing a child within us to increase the Ummah. (productivemuslim.com)
Women at this stage in pregnancy are getting used to the feeling of pregnancy on their body. (sampoornayoga.com)
Many women find they're exhausted in the first trimester. (doereport.com)
Breast cancer is uncommon in young, premenopausal women especially as local data shows a peak increase in incidence during the fourth and fifth decades of life in Singapore.3 However, the trend to defer childbearing to a later age will make the issue of pregnancy and breast cancer of increasing importance. (annals.edu.sg)
Around 50 percent of all expectant women report pain during their pregnancy back once again. (pawsitivvefuture.com)
Results indicate significant differences (in diversity measures) between 'first-trimester' vaginal microbiomes obtained from women with term and preterm outcomes, indicating the potential diagnostic utility of these measures. (nature.com)
Although you may be feeling anything but divine in your final months of pregnancy, a few minutes in Goddess Pose can spark a strengthening fire in your legs and allow you to harness the mother energies of delivering women around! (lovehiveyoga.com)
Wrist discomfort and sensitivity, particularly at night, are frequent complaints among women in their third trimester. (lovehiveyoga.com)
We identified 15 cases of second- or third-trimester TOP in women with complete placenta previa. (elsevier.com)
Methods: Women were recruited during second and third trimesters. (tau.ac.il)
Hair samples were collected from the scalp and retrospective HC levels during the first trimester were quantified for 217 women. (tau.ac.il)
Women with first-trimester exposure to quetiapine were compared with control subjects without exposure to second-generation antipsychotics. (nih.gov)
Why is WHO failing women with falciparum malaria in the first trimester of pregnancy? (ox.ac.uk)
Frequently cited peer-reviewed reports on the safety of influenza vaccination during pregnancy do not reveal any adverse outcomes among women. (sott.net)
METHODS: Data were collected on 29 pregnant subjects in the mid-second and third trimesters and on 40 control women. (cdc.gov)
The Brazil Ministry of Health (MoH) established a task force to investigate the possible association of microcephaly with Zika virus infection during pregnancy and a registry for incident microcephaly cases (head circumference ≥2 standard deviations [SD] below the mean for sex and gestational age at birth) and pregnancy outcomes among women suspected to have had Zika virus infection during pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
Reginald Tucker] Cholera infections during pregnancy are associated with high rates of fetal death, especially when women are severely dehydrated. (cdc.gov)
Fetal death occurred in 141 of the 900 analyzed pregnancies, more often in women less than 20 years of age, in their third trimester, seeking treatment more than 24 hours after symptom onset, with severe dehydration or who vomited. (cdc.gov)
While every pregnancy is different, most women carrying twins will have more frequent prenatal visits than women carrying only one baby. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
I have read stories of broken ribs and women who cannot sleep during the third trimester because their twins scrap all night long like two bulldogs under a rug. (redbookmag.com)
It is usually seen in middle-aged men and women in the third trimester of pregnancy and is associated with hip pain. (aott.org.tr)
For many weeks on end with both my pregnancies I sheltered myself, hid myself from my friends, my family and the community of women who support me day in and day out. (bybrittanynoonan.com)
For many women who are not aware of their emotions and mental well being I believe these first 12 weeks / few months could be laying the foundations for how you feel the rest of your pregnancy and beyond if you don't seek the help you need. (bybrittanynoonan.com)
Women with prediabetes identified before pregnancy should be considered at extremely high risk for developing gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy. (medscape.com)
That is why CDC recommends women get Tdap during each pregnancy, even if their pregnancies are only a year or two apart. (cdc.gov)
That is why CDC recommends all women get Tdap during each pregnancy - even women with some antibodies due to a previous infection or vaccination. (cdc.gov)
By getting Tdap during pregnancy, women will have these antibodies in their breast milk as soon as their milk comes in. (cdc.gov)
Learn more about healthy pregnancy for plus-size women. (medlineplus.gov)
1.18) for women who received only third-trimester or no prenatal care. (bvs.br)

DHA-PPQ) does not reduce the incidence of low birth weight compared to IPTp-SP, but that it is more efficacious in reducing maternal malaria parasitaemia and anaemia at delivery, incidence of malaria infection and clinical malaria during pregnancy, and stillbirths and early infant mortality (i.e. within 6-8 weeks). (who.int)
She also was treated with digoxin throughout her pregnancy and with warfarin sodium for the first 5 weeks followed by heparin throughout the remainder of her pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
Pregnancy Week 39 - Diarrhea An average human pregnancy usually lasts for around 40 weeks and therefore, if you are in. (pregnancy-baby-care.com)
about 75% of pregnancies end within the first two weeks. (pregnancy-info.net)
It is well known that about 80 per cent of miscarriages occur in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy (the first trimester). (thisdaylive.com)
We describe a case of breast cancer in a patient who was diagnosed during her first trimester of pregnancy (7 weeks amenorrhoea). (annals.edu.sg)
O92.013 is applicable to mothers in the third trimester of pregnancy, which is defined as between equal to or greater than 28 weeks since the first day of the last menstrual period. (icd10data.com)
Travis and I kept this pregnancy secret for a long time - 16 weeks! (rljart.com)
During the 3rd trimester (several weeks 28 in order to 40), your pounds get can increase the speed of, and you might feel more tired. (pawsitivvefuture.com)
This means that during weeks 1 and 2 of pregnancy, a woman is not expectant nonetheless. (pawsitivvefuture.com)
We will now speak about bleeding or metrorrhagia with pregnancy loss in the first trimester , which covers the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. (institutobernabeu.com)
Learn about your final weeks of pregnancy, the hospital stay at Sanford Health and bonding with baby in the Third Trimester & Hospital Stay Guidebook. (sanfordhealth.org)
You'll be going through body changes during pregnancy week by week, with the average pregnancy lasting 40 weeks, split up into trimesters ranging from 12 to 15 weeks each. (texasadoptioncenter.org)
You could actually be several weeks into your first-time pregnancy experience before realizing you're pregnant. (texasadoptioncenter.org)
Most doctors wait another 2 weeks before considering a pregnancy overdue. (smartdraw.com)
Depending on the length of her menstrual cycle , she might be three to five weeks pregnant by the time she missed her period, takes a pregnancy test , and realizes she is expecting. (shecares.com)
Your first trimester, or the first 12 weeks of pregnancy, may be full of changes in your emotions and your body. (baycare.org)
It will be a couple of weeks before you know whether you've conceived, but special hormones kick in now to help maintain the pregnancy. (familyeducation.com)
First Trimester Prediction of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes-Identifying Pregnancies at Risk from as Early as 11-13 Weeks. (bvsalud.org)
The traditional aims of the 11-13 weeks visit have been establishing fetal viability , chorionicity and dating of the pregnancy , and performing the combined screening test for common chromosomal abnormalities . (bvsalud.org)
The aim of this manuscript is to review the methods available to identify pregnancies at risk for adverse outcomes after screening at 11-13 weeks. (bvsalud.org)
You should be at least 14 weeks into pregnancy to schedule this package. (pregnancytreasures.com)
Pregnancy lasts about 40 weeks and has three phases or stages: the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimesters. (freewareppc.com)
They start at about 7 to 8 weeks and are visible on Download The App Daily pregnancy & newborn updates with our FREE app. (freewareppc.com)
Thousands of new, high-quality pictures You're two months pregnant at 8 weeks, although doctors generally refer to pregnancy by week instead of month. (freewareppc.com)
The earliest weeks of pregnancy are a critical time for fetal development. (alive.com)
You're not alone at the 40 week mark and 1 in 3 pregnancies will go to 41 weeks. (pregnantchicken.com)
Forty weeks is still considered the 9th month of pregnancy. (pregnantchicken.com)
The best thing is that you'll be able to wear them from the first day of your pregnancy, throughout labor, and for weeks afterward. (potipoti.com)
A little more than half of twin pregnancies end in preterm delivery (before 37 weeks). (hopkinsmedicine.org)
In the new CDC study, the protection against COVID-19 hospitalization appeared stronger for babies whose mothers got vaccinated after 21 weeks of pregnancy. (laist.com)
I can see, though, that another six weeks of this, let alone sixteen or twenty, and I might find the pregnancy-on-steroids thing categorically uncomfortable. (redbookmag.com)
16 weeks pregnant is which trimester? (enfamil.com)
How many weeks of pregnancy are left? (enfamil.com)
At 16 weeks, some moms-to-be, especially those who have had previous pregnancies, start to feel their babies moving. (enfamil.com)
At 16 +0 to 19 +6 weeks of pregnancy, patients that developed PE presented higher values of UtA-PI than the normotensive group, but there was no difference in FMD results between them. (hindawi.com)
A combination of maternal factors and a uterine arteries pulsatility index (UtA-PI) of 11 +0 to 13 +6 weeks presented good results in the prediction of early PE (onset of clinical symptoms before 34 weeks of pregnancy) [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
For some reason we have developed this rule that we must keep our pregnancy to ourselves until 12 weeks. (bybrittanynoonan.com)
The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening for gestational diabetes mellitus after 24 weeks of pregnancy. (medscape.com)

The vaginal or intracervical application of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has been widely used for mid-trimester termination because of its effect on both cervical ripening and uterine contraction [7]. (who.int)
[ 28-32 ] The use of first-trimester uterine artery Doppler (UAD) and placental biochemical markers (including pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, PGF, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1, P-selectin and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) can detect 77-88.9% of PE at a 10% false-positive rate, [ 28-30 ] but present biochemical markers or UAD alone are not sufficiently accurate. (medscape.com)
In the second trimester of pregnancy, the uterine arteries bilateral notch combined with endothelial dysfunction were able to predict not only patients that subsequently developed PE, but also the pregnancies that were complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) [ 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
Moreover, normal pregnancy is characterized by an increase in endothelial function and a progressive reduction in the resistance of uterine vessels, due to the placentation process [ 19 ]. (hindawi.com)

It is a very rare complication (0.5-1 out of 1000 pregnancies), in which there is an abnormal growth of the trophoblastic tissue, which is the tissue that forms the placenta in normal pregnancies. (institutobernabeu.com)
Conclusion: In cases with complete placenta previa, second- or third-trimester TOP is feasible. (elsevier.com)
[ 35 ] Sonographically thick placenta at the second or third trimester is associated with SGA or large-for-gestational-age infants at term. (medscape.com)
Although the exact cause of preeclampsia is unknown, experts believe it may have something to do with a reduction in blood flow to the placenta, perhaps during early pregnancy. (growingyourbaby.com)
While some twins may share a placenta and an amniotic sac, that is not the case for the vast majority of pregnancies. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
In pregnancies with one placenta and two amniotic sacs, you will definitely have identical twins. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are effective antihypertensive drugs, but use of ACEIs during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy has been associated with a pattern of defects known as ACEI fetopathy. (cdc.gov)
In your second and third trimesters, your caloric intake should increase by 300 to 500 more calories daily. (thebabycarepedia.com)
When used in pregnancy during the second and third trimesters, ACE inhibitors can cause injury and even death to the developing fetus. (nih.gov)
That is consistent with earlier research that found the transfer of antibodies from mother to child is at its peak during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, said Edlow, who co-authored the JAMA study. (laist.com)

At the start of the second trimester, the baby is roughly the size of a lemon. (mambaby.com)
Did you have a full-term pregnancy (your baby was born close to your due date)? (harvard.edu)
have been formulated with increased amounts of folic acid and B12, both of which promote the healthy development of your baby during the early stages of pregnancy. (pregnancy-info.net)
Once you reach the third trimester of pregnancy, baby will be taking up quite a bit of space and will keep growing for almost three more months. (askdrsears.com)
Different pregnancy trimesters require various care levels as your baby grows and develops and your body experience changes. (baptisthealthsystem.com)
And while every pregnancy is unique, we've listed below some common information, tests and symptoms that you can expect during the first, second and third pregnancy trimesters to help you understand what can help you and your baby stay healthy throughout the journey. (baptisthealthsystem.com)
Your baby is about the size of a blueberry towards the end of your first trimester. (baptisthealthsystem.com)
By the end of the first trimester, your baby is about three inches long and weighs about half an ounce. (doereport.com)
from baby bump to post-pregnancy: the realities of your changing body. (waterwipes.com)
While you don't need to stack up on an extra plate for your developing baby, you will need to increase the intake of calories during pregnancy slightly. (firstcry.com)
As you step into the second trimester, you may notice that your appetite has increased as your baby needs more nutrients to develop. (firstcry.com)
You will need an additional 300 calories in your third trimester to supplement the nutritional needs of your growing baby. (firstcry.com)
While you can measure your calorie consumption with the help of a pregnancy calorie calculator, you must remember that, if you are eating healthy and providing all the nutrients to your baby, you are on the right path. (firstcry.com)
Known as the third trimester, this is when your body starts preparing for the arrival of your baby. (hey.nhs.uk)
A Group Owner is a member that has initiated the creation of a group to connect with other members to share their journey through the same pregnancy & baby stages. (whattoexpect.com)
Check things off your second trimester to-do list and prepare for baby with the Second Trimester Guidebook. (sanfordhealth.org)
By the time you take a pregnancy test, the baby growing within has already experienced dynamic formation and growth. (texasadoptioncenter.org)
Marking the very end of your first trimester, this is when your baby bump starts to show. (onsurity.com)
First Trimester is the most crucial time for a mother, as the baby is developing his entire organ and right diet is equally important for his growth. (mamypoko.co.in)
Although many pregnancy symptoms are not favorable, take this time to get things ready for the baby. (puckermom.com)
By the end of the first trimester, the main organs and limbs are developed, and the baby grows from being ¼ of an inch long to measuring 2.9 inches and weighing 0.8 ounces. (shecares.com)
Besides assessing a woman's health, a doctor will offer her various prenatal tests aimed at ruling out ectopic pregnancy , estimating baby due date , and detecting early embryonic structures. (shecares.com)
8th month pregnancy baby weight is about two to four pounds and 14 inches in height. (freewareppc.com)
1. When you get to the 8 th month of pregnancy baby position matters a lot. (freewareppc.com)
pregnancy birth mother baby icon set - 8 months Walking to Farmers Market. (freewareppc.com)
The #1 app for tracking pregnancy and baby growth. (babycenter.com)
These panties from Seraphine are designed to flatter your post-baby body and keep you feeling super comfy throughout your pregnancy. (potipoti.com)
A twin pregnancy with two placentas and two amniotic sacs is the optimal twin pregnancy, as each baby has its own nutritional source and protective membrane. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The very nicest thing so far about carrying a twin pregnancy has been the heightened and more immediate awareness it brings: you just feel more pregnant, sooner, than you do with one baby and (if you like this sort of thing, which I do) it is lovely. (redbookmag.com)
I offer pregnancy, postnatal and baby yoga classes and also baby massage classes in the Woking area. (birthlight.com)
You've got all of the third trimester to feel your baby moving in the womb. (enfamil.com)
As your baby grows, you will too, and there are certain pregnancy symptoms you may experience at this time. (enfamil.com)
If a woman did not get Tdap during pregnancy and has never received it before, she can get it after her baby is born. (cdc.gov)
Learn why Laura decided to get the whooping cough vaccine in her 3rd trimester of pregnancy and how her baby girl was born with some protection against the disease. (cdc.gov)

During pregnancy, your body supplies hormones and nutrients to your developing fetus. (thisdaylive.com)
This helps your fetus develop normally during your pregnancy. (thisdaylive.com)
Most first trimester miscarriages happen because the fetus doesnâ€™t develop normally. (thisdaylive.com)
Between the 20th and 22nd week of pregnancy, the development of the fetus, its size, heart rate, individual organs and any developmental abnormalities are checked. (ajdas.com)
In 1973 the United States Supreme Court held in Roe v. Wade that the right of privacy protected women's right to end an unwanted pregnancy before the fetus has developed the capacity for viability outside the womb. (ipl.org)
Previous studies have shown that people vaccinated against COVID-19 during pregnancy can transfer protective antibodies to their unborn fetus. (laist.com)

A maternal blood or urine test this week would show a positive result because the embryo is secreting human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG), the pregnancy hormone. (pregnancy-info.net)
Home pregnancy tests, which test for hCG in the urine, may show a positive result but are not as accurate as blood tests this early in pregnancy. (pregnancy-info.net)
The very first test a woman takes in pregnancy is the pregnancy test itself , either with a urine or blood sample. (shecares.com)
Serum and urine samples were collected at mid-trimester period. (bvsalud.org)
Creatinine and urea concentrations in serum and urine were determined using Jaffe's method for creatinine and the urease (Ccr) and urea clearance (Uurea) in the three trimesters when compared with the non- pregnancy value. (bvsalud.org)
Urine dipstick tests were conducted in cases of uncertainty or early stages of pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
Besides the hormone effects modifications over the whole maternal organism, the local tissues, such as muscles, are also modified by them, which influence the accidental urine loss during pregnancy. (scirp.org)

Are all twin pregnancies delivered preterm? (hopkinsmedicine.org)

The patient's obstetric history was notable for a prior spontaneous vaginal delivery and anemia during her current pregnancy, which was being treated with iron infusions. (medscape.com)
The appearance of bleeding through the vagina at any moment of the pregnancy is called pregnancy metrorrhagia or obstetric metrorrhagia . (institutobernabeu.com)
While itching is common in pregnancy, severe itching can be a sign of a rare liver disorder known as obstetric cholestasis. (hey.nhs.uk)

Unfortunately, preventing preterm labor with multiples is more challenging than with a singleton pregnancy because the interventions used with singleton pregnancies are not as effective with multiples. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

During the early months of pregnancy, regular doctor visits (prenatal care) are especially important. (doereport.com)
Approximately one half of persons who used substances during pregnancy and had a congenital syphilis pregnancy outcome had late or no prenatal care. (bvsalud.org)

Background: The aim of the study was to assess the screening performance of first trimester maternal serum measurements of A-disintegrin-and- metalloprotease 12-s (ADAM12s) and placental protein 13 (PP13) for preeclampsia (PE), gestational hypertension (GH) and small-forgestational-age (SGA) fetuses. (vu.nl)
IMSEAR at SEARO: Serum proteins in third trimester of pregnancy. (who.int)

Whether you're in your first, second or third trimester, The Nest at Baptist Health System is ready to provide specialized pregnancy care based on your and your baby's specific needs. (baptisthealthsystem.com)
Your baby's movements shouldn't change at all and it is NOT true that babies move less at the end of pregnancy. (hey.nhs.uk)
Your baby's weight will triple this trimester, which means a little more discomfort for mommy. (puckermom.com)
With thousands of award-winning articles and community groups , you can track your pregnancy and baby's growth, get answers to your toughest questions, and connect with moms, dads, and expectant parents just like you. (babycenter.com)
Check out this week-by-week guide to find out what's in store for your baby's development and your body in week 16 of pregnancy. (enfamil.com)

Fitness during pregnancy has many additional perks, including improving mood and energy levels, preventing excess weight gain, and decreasing the risk gestational diabetes, according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists . (sonima.com)
MOLAR PREGNANCY (or Gestational Trophoblastic Disease). (institutobernabeu.com)
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance of variable degree with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. (medscape.com)
Gestational diabetes mellitus accounts for 90% of cases of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy, while preexisting type 2 diabetes accounts for 8% of such cases. (medscape.com)

If you have had HG in previous pregnancies, it will often follow a similar pattern of duration and severity. (helpher.org)

Schematic representation of patient choices for adjuvant therapies in resectable primary breast cancer diagnosed in the second or third trimesters. (biomedcentral.com)

The stages of pregnancy are separated into 3 trimesters. (pawsitivvefuture.com)
It is an excellent method for all stages of pregnancy. (lovehiveyoga.com)
Maternity underwear can feel like an absolute necessity during the 9 months of pregnancy, with the right pairs offering extra support and protection during all stages of pregnancy and during labor and delivery. (potipoti.com)

Malaria in pregnancy is a major, preventable cause of maternal morbidity and poor birth outcomes. (who.int)
Effective screening in the first trimester improves pregnancy outcomes by allowing specific interventions such as administering aspirin and directing patients to specialist clinics for regular monitoring . (bvsalud.org)
Ramakrishnan U, Grant F, Goldenberg T, Zongrone A, Martorell R. Effect of women's nutrition before and during early pregnancy on maternal and infant outcomes: a systematic review. (medscape.com)
Further studies are needed to confirm the association of microcephaly with Zika virus infection during pregnancy and to understand any other adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with Zika virus infection. (cdc.gov)
Although the relationship between fetal death and maternal age during cholera has not been documented, younger age is associated with increased risk for other adverse pregnancy outcomes. (cdc.gov)
According to cluster analysis, the low birth weight and premature babies born to mothers who reported heightened depression symptoms during and after pregnancy had the worst motor outcomes. (news-medical.net)

At this early stage of your pregnancy the embryo is rapidly growing, from 1.5mm at the beginning of the week to 5mm by the end of week. (pregnancy-info.net)
This brings new physical annoyances that you haven't yet experienced or haven't dealt with since early pregnancy. (askdrsears.com)
Early in pregnancy, the growing uterus presses on your bladder. (doereport.com)
However, the success of these intervention approaches is dependent on identification of high-risk subjects as early as possible during pregnancy 3 . (nature.com)
If our observations will be replicated, it may present a useful avenue for public-health intervention to promote health through the provision of greenness exposure during early pregnancy, specifically to disadvantage populations. (tau.ac.il)
Early screening and comprehensive care from a multidisciplinary medical team can help many people with cervical cancer experience a healthy pregnancy and delivery. (medicalnewstoday.com)
If the condition is diagnosed in the second or early third trimester and everyone seems to be doing well, your doctor may opt for careful monitoring. (growingyourbaby.com)
Although bed rest is not prescribed as frequently as it once was, your doctor may suggest reducing your activity level if you're showing signs of early labor at the end of your second trimester or early in your third trimester. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
A longitudinal assessment of trophoblastic invasion and endothelial integrity might represent a way to evaluate the satisfactory evolution of pregnancy and could result in early detection of the condition that leads to the development of PE [ 21 ]. (hindawi.com)
Further, poor motor development in kids with motor deficits arising in infancy and early childhood has been correlated with the poor mental health of mothers during pregnancy and following delivery. (news-medical.net)
As such, they should receive early (first-trimester) diabetic screening. (medscape.com)
So, the preferred time to get Tdap is early in the third trimester. (cdc.gov)
Leonard J. Paulozzi, MD early pregnancy dramatically reduces the occurrence of neural tube defects (NTDs). (bvs.br)

Other conditions that can produce similar symptoms include an ectopic pregnancy and implantation bleeding. (thisdaylive.com)
ECTOPIC PREGNANCY (or extrauterine pregnancy). (institutobernabeu.com)
Little or very little bleeding, often painless in its initial stages would be more typical of ectopic pregnancy, although it can produce very intense abdominal pain in more advanced stages. (institutobernabeu.com)

This study investigated the risk of congenital heart defects (CHD) and other congenital anomalies (CA) associated with first trimester use of macrolide antibiotics (mainly erythromycin, spiramycin, clarithromycin and azithromycin) and lincosamides (clindamycin) using a case-malformed control design. (rug.nl)

Pregnancy, birth and the postpartum period can be a source of great joy, but it's also exhausting and overwhelming. (shedoesthecity.com)
If you are pregnant, are planning on conceiving, or have recently given birth, register now for the day-long 4 Trimesters: Pregnancy, Birth & Postpartum Conference . (shedoesthecity.com)
Pregnancy-associated breast cancer is defined as breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy, lactation or 1-year postpartum. (annals.edu.sg)
You can also choose to wear them over or under your regular underwear, depending on what feels best for you during pregnancy, birth, and postpartum. (potipoti.com)
In addition, various studies have reported that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic adversely impacts maternal mental health during pregnancy and postpartum. (news-medical.net)

During the first three months of pregnancy, or the first trimester, your body undergoes many changes. (doereport.com)
During pregnancy, the female's body undergoes many changes and thus requires more nutrients, vitamins and minerals for the well-being of both. (mamypoko.co.in)

Unfortunately, you may not be able to see him because many doctors and midwives will not perform any third trimester ultrasounds unless deemed necessary. (puckermom.com)
I hear ultrasounds are less accurate later in pregnancy and my first trimester ultrasounds are most accurate? (babycenter.com)

Conclusions: Combined ADAM12s and PP13 measurements do not predict adverse pregnancy outcome, but decreased first trimester ADAM12s levels are associated with GH. (vu.nl)

In most cases, these symptoms occur in mild to moderate severity during the first trimester of pregnancy. (pregnancy-baby-care.com)
Unfortunately, this will sometimes occur during the first trimester of pregnancy and this situation warrants discussion of management options with regard to the mother and child, especially with the current trend of deferring child bearing to a later age. (annals.edu.sg)
Yoga will help you cope with any abnormal pains that occur during pregnancy. (lovehiveyoga.com)
The changes in a woman's body occur rapidly during the first trimester, but the majority of them happen inside and are not yet visible on the outside. (shecares.com)
During pregnancy time, many changes at the pelvic floor functions occur. (scirp.org)

An association between eclampsia (high blood pressure during pregnancy) and deaths caused by indoor household pollution has been explored. (medindia.net)
If you have high blood pressure during pregnancy, it is even more important to be on your left side when you are lying down. (doereport.com)
Preeclampsia, a condition that is characterized by high blood pressure during pregnancy, affects approximately 5 to 8 percent of all expectant mothers. (growingyourbaby.com)
Doctors discovered that Mavis had HELLP syndrome-a serious complication of high blood pressure during pregnancy. (medlineplus.gov)

Hood M. Listeriosis as an infection of pregnancy manifested in the newborn. (cdc.gov)

You'll likely be hungrier now, too, as you reach halfway through your pregnancy. (baptisthealthsystem.com)
You've made it through the first trimester and will soon be halfway through your pregnancy. (sanfordhealth.org)

Case Report: COVID-19 in a Third-Trimester Pregnancy - Medscape - May 09, 2020. (medscape.com)

Learn more about this dangerous pregnancy-related condition, including its causes, symptoms, treatment, and risks, with help from the following information on preeclampsia during pregnancy. (growingyourbaby.com)
Those who are at an increased risk may benefit from attending extra prenatal visits during the third trimester, so talk to your doctor if you have any reason to believe you may be at an elevated risk for developing preeclampsia. (growingyourbaby.com)
In severe cases of preeclampsia, the mother may be either admitted to the hospital until she gets closer to the end of her pregnancy. (growingyourbaby.com)
Mavis was diagnosed with preeclampsia, a dangerous pregnancy complication that includes high blood pressure and signs of damage to another organ system, usually the liver and kidneys. (medlineplus.gov)
By the end of her second trimester, she was diagnosed with preeclampsia once again. (medlineplus.gov)
Mavis says she wishes she knew about preeclampsia during her first pregnancy. (medlineplus.gov)
Preeclampsia affects between 2% and 8% of pregnancies. (medlineplus.gov)
Preeclampsia happens in about 1 in 25 pregnancies in the United States. (medlineplus.gov)

It makes it easier to handle any discomfort that is associated with pregnancy, such as contractions. (lovehiveyoga.com)
You may be regularly experiencing Braxton Hicks contractions by the end of your second trimester, which are usually mild at this stage. (texasadoptioncenter.org)

Occasional sharp pain in your vaginal area during the third trimester of pregnancy is normal due to the pressure on your cervix. (askdrsears.com)
On the other hand, not all pregnancy losses or unviable pregnancies imply vaginal bleeding. (institutobernabeu.com)

Gardosi, J. Preventing stillbirths through improved antenatal recognition of pregnancies at risk due to fetal growth restriction / J. Gardosi [et al. (umk.pl)

Because only case reports exist for ACEI exposure during pregnancy, the degree of risk for ACEI fetopathy is unknown. (cdc.gov)
However, the number of exposures reported thus far to the registry is too small to determine conclusively that exposure to an ACEI exclusively during the first trimester is not associated with the features of ACEI fetopathy. (cdc.gov)
In addition, longitudinal exposure to mean greenness during a week preconception and during the first trimester were calculated. (tau.ac.il)
The suggested link between maternal exposure to Zika virus infection during the first trimester of pregnancy and the increased birth prevalence of microcephaly provide additional evidence for congenital infection with Zika virus. (cdc.gov)

MAM: What can you do to prepare for birth during the second trimester? (mambaby.com)
Active moms are not only healthier, happier, and better rested during pregnancy, but also more likely to give birth naturally. (sonima.com)
So here it is - the pregnancy diaries that will take you through all the trimesters right until the much-anticipated D-Day (the birth)! (productivemuslim.com)
Educate yourself about pregnancy and birth. (allinahealth.org)
Prenatal Pilates targets the whole body and focuses on the tummy, back and pelvic floor muscles, which are the muscles that are most effected during pregnancy and after birth. (simplybepilates.com)
That includes a small study published in JAMA last week, which found that 98% of babies whose mothers were vaccinated during pregnancy still had detectable levels of protective antibodies two months after birth. (laist.com)
Further, the normal birth weight and term babies born to mothers who reported elevated symptoms of depression during pregnancy and after delivery was also associated with impairment of motor functions. (news-medical.net)

In areas of moderate to high malaria transmission of sub-Saharan Africa, WHO also recommends intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP). (who.int)

Di Mascio D.Khalil A.Saccone G.et al.Outcome of coronavirus spectrum infections (SARS, MERS, COVID-19) during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (umk.pl)

Does this pregnancy come at a good time for you? (harvard.edu)
I'm always a stickler for monitoring time, but somehow, this pregnancy has made me more lax in this department. (pnmag.com)
Pregnancy is a time of extreme joy. (thisdaylive.com)
This occurs when a pregnancy is lost shortly after implantation, resulting in bleeding that occurs around the time of her expected period. (thisdaylive.com)
After you have been standing or active for a long time, or when you rise too quickly, you may experience a faint or dizzy feeling similar to what you felt in the first trimester. (askdrsears.com)
We created this day to help you during this particular time in your life to feel a little more prepared, a little less lonely, and that you have a better idea of where to go for help if and when you need it," says 4 Trimesters founder Jae Steele. (shedoesthecity.com)
Before pregnancy you may have worked hard with exercise and pushed the body to limits but now is a time to use yoga and exercise to keep the body moving but not to push yourself too hard. (sampoornayoga.com)
Pregnancy is not the time to try challenging new poses. (sampoornayoga.com)
I was tired and moody, but felt guilty too - pregnancy was something I wanted so much, so I'd expected to feel happier, particularly as my best friend at the time was going through IVF. (waterwipes.com)
By the time you reach Week 28, you're in the home straight of your pregnancy. (hey.nhs.uk)
Learn how to take pregnancy one week at a time from day one through week 12. (sanfordhealth.org)
No one goes into their first-time pregnancy experience knowing exactly what to expect, and that's normal. (texasadoptioncenter.org)
the second trimester is usually the time that sees the most weight gain, concurrent with belly expansion. (texasadoptioncenter.org)
You're in the home stretch now of your first-time pregnancy experience. (texasadoptioncenter.org)
If you're going through a first-time pregnancy experience, all of the changes your body is going through can be overwhelming. (texasadoptioncenter.org)
In this article, we are going to walk you through your First Trimester Pregnancy a week at a time. (onsurity.com)
This is the time when you experience 'pregnancy brain. (onsurity.com)
This is also the time when you should consider telling the rest of your family and your boss about your pregnancy. (onsurity.com)
The first trimester is the most crucial time, as the body is going through physical & emotional changes. (mamypoko.co.in)
The first trimester is also the time when miscarriages take place, so it's advisable to stay healthy, don't take the stress and be happy. (mamypoko.co.in)
For the time being, I'm feeling great, Simon is adjusting excercises to my pregnancy and tummy-growth. (ajdas.com)
Sometimes fibromyalgia is overlooked during pregnancy and is often misdiagnosed as regular symptoms of pregnancy if the woman gets it for the first time while she is pregnant. (fibromyalgia-symptoms.org)
Time to go hunt some down to kill this pregnancy craving. (healthytippingpoint.com)
Pregnancy should be a time to optimize your health. (alive.com)
In its ruling, the court recognized for the first time that the constitutional right to privacy "is broad enough to encompass a woman's decision whether or not to terminate her pregnancy" (Roe v. Wade, 1973). (ipl.org)
Unfortunately (and despite the fact that the orders for my appointment read: Comprehensive Ultrasound Twin Pregnancy) I had not been given a twin time slot. (redbookmag.com)
Feeling those tiny kicks for the first time is one of the most precious pregnancy moments. (enfamil.com)
Our collection of designer maternity maxi dresses are staples perfect for any time or event, before, during and after your pregnancy journey. (apeainthepod.com)
Luckily, I am aware of my mental health and have ways to cope but during my first time pregnancy this wasn't the case and seriously struggled to pull myself out of it and survive. (bybrittanynoonan.com)

The more pregnancies you have, the more you may experience these pelvic sensations. (askdrsears.com)
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of pregnancy on thoracic and pelvic kinematics during gait. (cdc.gov)

Due to these new hormones, you may start to feel the first few symptoms of pregnancy, which are similar to those that you would normally be feeling when expecting your period (i.e. tender/swollen breasts, cramping, mood swings and fatigue). (pregnancy-info.net)
In the third trimester of pregnancy, it is more the result of upward pressure of the growing uterus than of pregnancy hormones. (askdrsears.com)
Pregnancy hormones affect your emotions as well as your body. (allinahealth.org)

Erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, and clindamycin were associated with an increased risk of at least one other CA. Further research is needed on the risk of specific CA associated with macrolide and lincosamide use in the first trimester, particularly relevant for the potential use of azithromycin in the treatment of COVID-19. (rug.nl)
Nifty Plus test is the leading non-invasive prenatal test to detect the risk of certain genetic abnormalities, but it can also predict the gender with 98% confidence (it can be done from week 10 of pregnancy) - I've already written about it in the post about the first trimester of pregnancy, otherwise you can read more about the Nifty test here . (ajdas.com)
The goal of this study was to determine the risk of major malformations among infants exposed to quetiapine during pregnancy compared with a group of infants whose mothers had a history of psychiatric morbidity but who did not use a second-generation antipsychotic during pregnancy. (nih.gov)
excluding first trimester: Risk cannot be ruled out during pregnancy. (drugs.com)
first trimester: There is positive evidence of human fetal risk during pregnancy. (drugs.com)
The risk for fetal death was highest in the third trimester, even after controlling for maternal age, dehydration level, and vomiting. (cdc.gov)
Maternal-fetal medicine specialists see high-risk pregnancies, but not every twin pregnancy will fall into this category. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Babies whose mothers received two shots of either the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines during pregnancy had a 61% lower risk of being hospitalized with the virus in their first six months of life, the study found. (laist.com)
The research on and implementation of fetal surgery for prenatally diagnosed myelomeningocele has added a significant treatment option to the previous options (postnatal repair or pregnancy termination), but this new option carries an increased risk of maternal morbidity. (bvsalud.org)

What are the symptoms of pregnancy loss? (institutobernabeu.com)

In the first month of pregnancy, the neural tube is formed. (shecares.com)
In most cases, babies settle into the head down position by the end of 8 th month of pregnancy. (freewareppc.com)
Exercises that are meant to be performed during the eighth month of pregnancy are aimed towards a better delivery experience. (freewareppc.com)
But during her fifth month of pregnancy, Mavis noticed some swelling and water retention. (medlineplus.gov)

Cervical ripening before first trimester surgical evacuation for non‐viable pregnancy - Dimensions (app.dimensions.ai)

Technical and Clinical Information on Zika and Pregnancy | CDC (cdc.gov)

ACOG Warns Against First-Trimester Preeclampsia Screening (medscape.com)

Sacred Pregnancy Trimester 1 - Week 8 with Kwali Kumara | Kundalini Lounge Ltd. (kundalinilounge.com)

Diagnosis of Birth Defects | CDC (cdc.gov)

تصفح EMRO Journal Articles (‏EMHJ)‏ حسب العنوان (apps.who.int)

AdultVaxView | Pregnant Women and Tdap - April 2014 and 2015 | Vaccination Coverage | CDC (cdc.gov)

Chapter 13: Supporting Parents with Disabilities and Their Families in the Community | NCD.gov (ncd.gov)

Week-by-Week Highlights - Third Trimester (smartdraw.com)

Counseling Women on Weight Gain in Pregnancy (medscape.com)

Pregnancy Guidebooks | Sanford Health (sanfordhealth.org)

Burmese Refugee Health Profile | CDC (cdc.gov)

Anatomy26

Organisms1

Diseases72

Chemicals and Drugs19

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment68

Psychiatry and Psychology7

Phenomena and Processes61

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science7

Named Groups9

Health Care35

Geographicals1

Myometrial constitutive nitric oxide synthase expression is increased during human pregnancy. (1/257)

Prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase mRNA expression in the human amnion and decidua during pregnancy and in the amnion at preterm labour. (2/257)

Energy intake and expenditure of free-living, pregnant Colombian women in an urban setting. (3/257)

Usefulness of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes. (4/257)

Antenatal screening for Down's syndrome in assisted reproductive pregnancies. (5/257)

Outdoor air pollution, low birth weight, and prematurity. (6/257)

Submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum infections in pregnancy in Ghana. (7/257)

Induced abortion and low birthweight in the following pregnancy. (8/257)

Pregnancy Trimesters

Pregnancy Trimester, First

Pregnancy Trimester, Third

Pregnancy Trimester, Second

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Complications

Pregnancy Outcome

Pregnancy, Animal

Pregnancy, Ectopic

Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular

Gestational Age

Pregnancy Rate

Ultrasonography, Prenatal

Abortion, Spontaneous

Pregnancy in Diabetics

Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic

Pregnancy Complications, Infectious

Pregnancy, Multiple

Pregnancy Tests

Placenta

Pregnancy, Tubal

Pre-Eclampsia

Infant, Newborn

Pregnancy in Adolescence

Pregnancy, High-Risk

Pregnancy Proteins

Abortion, Induced

Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic

Trophoblasts

Fetal Death

Fetal Diseases

Prenatal Diagnosis

Pregnancy, Unplanned

Prenatal Care

Pregnancy, Unwanted

Maternal-Fetal Exchange

Chorionic Villi

Decidua

Fetus

Fetal Development

Fetal Growth Retardation

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced

Pregnancy, Twin

Birth Weight

Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects

Uterus

Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic

Amniotic Fluid

Maternal Age

Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal

Parity

Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced

Maternal Exposure

Crown-Rump Length

Pregnancy, Prolonged

Premature Birth

Pregnancy Maintenance

Pregnancy, Abdominal

Prospective Studies

Cesarean Section

Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human

Embryo Implantation

Fertilization in Vitro

Abortion, Therapeutic

Abortion, Habitual

Obstetric Labor, Premature

Congenital Abnormalities

Embryo Transfer

Down Syndrome

Placentation

Diabetes, Gestational

Misoprostol

Chorionic Gonadotropin

Labor, Obstetric

Infant, Low Birth Weight

Amniocentesis

Twins

Placental Circulation

Abortifacient Agents

Placenta Diseases