Pregnancy in diabetics. Medical search

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Results of conception and ensuing pregnancy, including LIVE BIRTH; STILLBIRTH; SPONTANEOUS ABORTION; INDUCED ABORTION. The outcome may follow natural or artificial insemination or any of the various ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES, such as EMBRYO TRANSFER or FERTILIZATION IN VITRO.

Conditions or pathological processes associated with pregnancy. They can occur during or after pregnancy, and range from minor discomforts to serious diseases that require medical interventions. They include diseases in pregnant females, and pregnancies in females with diseases.

The process of bearing developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero in non-human mammals, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION.

KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.

The state of PREGNANCY in women with DIABETES MELLITUS. This does not include either symptomatic diabetes or GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE induced by pregnancy (DIABETES, GESTATIONAL) which resolves at the end of pregnancy.

A potentially life-threatening condition in which EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occurs outside the cavity of the UTERUS. Most ectopic pregnancies (>96%) occur in the FALLOPIAN TUBES, known as TUBAL PREGNANCY. They can be in other locations, such as UTERINE CERVIX; OVARY; and abdominal cavity (PREGNANCY, ABDOMINAL).

Diabetes mellitus induced experimentally by administration of various diabetogenic agents or by PANCREATECTOMY.

The beginning third of a human PREGNANCY, from the first day of the last normal menstrual period (MENSTRUATION) through the completion of 14 weeks (98 days) of gestation.

The last third of a human PREGNANCY, from the beginning of the 29th through the 42nd completed week (197 to 294 days) of gestation.

The ratio of the number of conceptions (CONCEPTION) including LIVE BIRTH; STILLBIRTH; and fetal losses, to the mean number of females of reproductive age in a population during a set time period.

VASCULAR DISEASES that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS.

The co-occurrence of pregnancy and a cardiovascular disease. The disease may precede or follow FERTILIZATION and it may or may not have a deleterious effect on the pregnant woman or FETUS.

The three approximately equal periods of a normal human PREGNANCY. Each trimester is about three months or 13 to 14 weeks in duration depending on the designation of the first day of gestation.

Tests to determine whether or not an individual is pregnant.

Common foot problems in persons with DIABETES MELLITUS, caused by any combination of factors such as DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES; and INFECTION. With the loss of sensation and poor circulation, injuries and infections often lead to severe foot ulceration, GANGRENE and AMPUTATION.

The condition of carrying two or more FETUSES simultaneously.

The most common (>96%) type of ectopic pregnancy in which the extrauterine EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occurs in the FALLOPIAN TUBE, usually in the ampullary region where FERTILIZATION takes place.

The middle third of a human PREGNANCY, from the beginning of the 15th through the 28th completed week (99 to 196 days) of gestation.

The co-occurrence of pregnancy and NEOPLASMS. The neoplastic disease may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.

Pregnancy in human adolescent females under the age of 19.

The co-occurrence of pregnancy and an INFECTION. The infection may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.

A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.

A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.

Expulsion of the product of FERTILIZATION before completing the term of GESTATION and without deliberate interference.

Proteins produced by organs of the mother or the PLACENTA during PREGNANCY. These proteins may be pregnancy-specific (present only during pregnancy) or pregnancy-associated (present during pregnancy or under other conditions such as hormone therapy or certain malignancies.)

Unintended accidental pregnancy, including pregnancy resulting from failed contraceptive measures.

An antibiotic that is produced by Stretomyces achromogenes. It is used as an antineoplastic agent and to induce diabetes in experimental animals.

Pregnancy in which the mother and/or FETUS are at greater than normal risk of MORBIDITY or MORTALITY. Causes include inadequate PRENATAL CARE, previous obstetrical history (ABORTION, SPONTANEOUS), pre-existing maternal disease, pregnancy-induced disease (GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION), and MULTIPLE PREGNANCY, as well as advanced maternal age above 35.

Pregnancy, usually accidental, that is not desired by the parent or parents.

The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated as the time from the last day of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization.

Glucose in blood.

The co-occurrence of pregnancy and a blood disease (HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES) which involves BLOOD CELLS or COAGULATION FACTORS. The hematologic disease may precede or follow FERTILIZATION and it may or may not have a deleterious effect on the pregnant woman or FETUS.

A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.

An infant during the first month after birth.

A highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products. It includes a fetal portion (CHORIONIC VILLI) derived from TROPHOBLASTS and a maternal portion (DECIDUA) derived from the uterine ENDOMETRIUM. The placenta produces an array of steroid, protein and peptide hormones (PLACENTAL HORMONES).

A complication of PREGNANCY, characterized by a complex of symptoms including maternal HYPERTENSION and PROTEINURIA with or without pathological EDEMA. Symptoms may range between mild and severe. Pre-eclampsia usually occurs after the 20th week of gestation, but may develop before this time in the presence of trophoblastic disease.

A term used to describe pregnancies that exceed the upper limit of a normal gestational period. In humans, a prolonged pregnancy is defined as one that extends beyond 42 weeks (294 days) after the first day of the last menstrual period (MENSTRUATION), or birth with gestational age of 41 weeks or more.

The condition of carrying TWINS simultaneously.

Conditions or pathological processes associated with the disease of diabetes mellitus. Due to the impaired control of BLOOD GLUCOSE level in diabetic patients, pathological processes develop in numerous tissues and organs including the EYE, the KIDNEY, the BLOOD VESSELS, and the NERVE TISSUE.

Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH.

Diabetes complications in which VENTRICULAR REMODELING in the absence of CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS and hypertension results in cardiac dysfunctions, typically LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION. The changes also result in myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial necrosis and fibrosis, and collagen deposition due to impaired glucose tolerance.

A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).

Intentional removal of a fetus from the uterus by any of a number of techniques. (POPLINE, 1978)

The hollow thick-walled muscular organ in the female PELVIS. It consists of the fundus (the body) which is the site of EMBRYO IMPLANTATION and FETAL DEVELOPMENT. Beyond the isthmus at the perineal end of fundus, is CERVIX UTERI (the neck) opening into VAGINA. Beyond the isthmi at the upper abdominal end of fundus, are the FALLOPIAN TUBES.

A type of ectopic pregnancy in which the EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN implants in the ABDOMINAL CAVITY instead of in the ENDOMETRIUM of the UTERUS.

The co-occurrence of pregnancy and parasitic diseases. The parasitic infection may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.

Physiological mechanisms that sustain the state of PREGNANCY.

The visualization of tissues during pregnancy through recording of the echoes of ultrasonic waves directed into the body. The procedure may be applied with reference to the mother or the fetus and with reference to organs or the detection of maternal or fetal disease.

Endometrial implantation of EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN at the BLASTOCYST stage.

The transfer of mammalian embryos from an in vivo or in vitro environment to a suitable host to improve pregnancy or gestational outcome in human or animal. In human fertility treatment programs, preimplantation embryos ranging from the 4-cell stage to the blastocyst stage are transferred to the uterine cavity between 3-5 days after FERTILIZATION IN VITRO.

Care provided the pregnant woman in order to prevent complications, and decrease the incidence of maternal and prenatal mortality.

An assisted reproductive technique that includes the direct handling and manipulation of oocytes and sperm to achieve fertilization in vitro.

Exchange of substances between the maternal blood and the fetal blood at the PLACENTA via PLACENTAL CIRCULATION. The placental barrier excludes microbial or viral transmission.

Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level.

The consequences of exposing the FETUS in utero to certain factors, such as NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; DRUGS; RADIATION; and other physical or chemical factors. These consequences are observed later in the offspring after BIRTH.

The number of offspring a female has borne. It is contrasted with GRAVIDITY, which refers to the number of pregnancies, regardless of outcome.

The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.

Substances which lower blood glucose levels.

A diet prescribed in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, usually limited in the amount of sugar or readily available carbohydrate. (Dorland, 27th ed)

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Minor hemoglobin components of human erythrocytes designated A1a, A1b, and A1c. Hemoglobin A1c is most important since its sugar moiety is glucose covalently bound to the terminal amino acid of the beta chain. Since normal glycohemoglobin concentrations exclude marked blood glucose fluctuations over the preceding three to four weeks, the concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin A is a more reliable index of the blood sugar average over a long period of time.

Selective abortion of one or more embryos or fetuses in a multiple gestation pregnancy. The usual goal is to improve the outcome for the remaining embryos or fetuses.

Extraction of the FETUS by means of abdominal HYSTEROTOMY.

The age of the mother in PREGNANCY.

A condition in pregnant women with elevated systolic (>140 mm Hg) and diastolic (>90 mm Hg) blood pressure on at least two occasions 6 h apart. HYPERTENSION complicates 8-10% of all pregnancies, generally after 20 weeks of gestation. Gestational hypertension can be divided into several broad categories according to the complexity and associated symptoms, such as EDEMA; PROTEINURIA; SEIZURES; abnormalities in BLOOD COAGULATION and liver functions.

The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.

The failure of a FETUS to attain its expected FETAL GROWTH at any GESTATIONAL AGE.

Diabetes mellitus induced by PREGNANCY but resolved at the end of pregnancy. It does not include previously diagnosed diabetics who become pregnant (PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS). Gestational diabetes usually develops in late pregnancy when insulin antagonistic hormones peaks leading to INSULIN RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; and HYPERGLYCEMIA.

The major progestational steroid that is secreted primarily by the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA. Progesterone acts on the UTERUS, the MAMMARY GLANDS and the BRAIN. It is required in EMBRYO IMPLANTATION; PREGNANCY maintenance, and the development of mammary tissue for MILK production. Progesterone, converted from PREGNENOLONE, also serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.

Malformations of organs or body parts during development in utero.

The unborn young of a viviparous mammal, in the postembryonic period, after the major structures have been outlined. In humans, the unborn young from the end of the eighth week after CONCEPTION until BIRTH, as distinguished from the earlier EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

CHILDBIRTH before 37 weeks of PREGNANCY (259 days from the first day of the mother's last menstrual period, or 245 days after FERTILIZATION).

Morphological and physiological development of FETUSES.

Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve conception.

Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment.

The processes of milk secretion by the maternal MAMMARY GLANDS after PARTURITION. The proliferation of the mammary glandular tissue, milk synthesis, and milk expulsion or let down are regulated by the interactions of several hormones including ESTRADIOL; PROGESTERONE; PROLACTIN; and OXYTOCIN.

A state of unconsciousness as a complication of diabetes mellitus. It occurs in cases of extreme HYPERGLYCEMIA or extreme HYPOGLYCEMIA as a complication of INSULIN therapy.

The repetitive uterine contraction during childbirth which is associated with the progressive dilation of the uterine cervix (CERVIX UTERI). Successful labor results in the expulsion of the FETUS and PLACENTA. Obstetric labor can be spontaneous or induced (LABOR, INDUCED).

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.

The hormone-responsive glandular layer of ENDOMETRIUM that sloughs off at each menstrual flow (decidua menstrualis) or at the termination of pregnancy. During pregnancy, the thickest part of the decidua forms the maternal portion of the PLACENTA, thus named decidua placentalis. The thin portion of the decidua covering the rest of the embryo is the decidua capsularis.

Onset of OBSTETRIC LABOR before term (TERM BIRTH) but usually after the FETUS has become viable. In humans, it occurs sometime during the 29th through 38th week of PREGNANCY. TOCOLYSIS inhibits premature labor and can prevent the BIRTH of premature infants (INFANT, PREMATURE).

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

A strain of non-obese diabetic mice developed in Japan that has been widely studied as a model for T-cell-dependent autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in which insulitis is a major histopathologic feature, and in which genetic susceptibility is strongly MHC-linked.

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

Determination of the nature of a pathological condition or disease in the postimplantation EMBRYO; FETUS; or pregnant female before birth.

Two individuals derived from two FETUSES that were fertilized at or about the same time, developed in the UTERUS simultaneously, and born to the same mother. Twins are either monozygotic (TWINS, MONOZYGOTIC) or dizygotic (TWINS, DIZYGOTIC).

A gonadotropic glycoprotein hormone produced primarily by the PLACENTA. Similar to the pituitary LUTEINIZING HORMONE in structure and function, chorionic gonadotropin is involved in maintaining the CORPUS LUTEUM during pregnancy. CG consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is virtually identical to the alpha subunits of the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH, and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity (CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN, BETA SUBUNIT, HUMAN).

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Exposure of the female parent, human or animal, to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals that may affect offspring. It includes pre-conception maternal exposure.

Pathophysiological conditions of the FETUS in the UTERUS. Some fetal diseases may be treated with FETAL THERAPIES.

Abortion induced to save the life or health of a pregnant woman. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Cells lining the outside of the BLASTOCYST. After binding to the ENDOMETRIUM, trophoblasts develop into two distinct layers, an inner layer of mononuclear cytotrophoblasts and an outer layer of continuous multinuclear cytoplasm, the syncytiotrophoblasts, which form the early fetal-maternal interface (PLACENTA).

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.

Delivery of the FETUS and PLACENTA under the care of an obstetrician or a health worker. Obstetric deliveries may involve physical, psychological, medical, or surgical interventions.

Three or more consecutive spontaneous abortions.

An organized and comprehensive program of health care that identifies and reduces a woman's reproductive risks before conception through risk assessment, health promotion, and interventions. Preconception care programs may be designed to include the male partner in providing counseling and educational information in preparation for fatherhood, such as genetic counseling and testing, financial and family planning, etc. This concept is different from PRENATAL CARE, which occurs during pregnancy.

Non-steroidal chemical compounds with abortifacient activity.

Artificial introduction of SEMEN or SPERMATOZOA into the VAGINA to facilitate FERTILIZATION.

Disorders or diseases associated with PUERPERIUM, the six-to-eight-week period immediately after PARTURITION in humans.

The mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the MENSTRUAL CYCLE and PREGNANCY. The endometrium undergoes cyclic changes that characterize MENSTRUATION. After successful FERTILIZATION, it serves to sustain the developing embryo.

A clear, yellowish liquid that envelopes the FETUS inside the sac of AMNION. In the first trimester, it is likely a transudate of maternal or fetal plasma. In the second trimester, amniotic fluid derives primarily from fetal lung and kidney. Cells or substances in this fluid can be removed for prenatal diagnostic tests (AMNIOCENTESIS).

An assisted fertilization technique consisting of the microinjection of a single viable sperm into an extracted ovum. It is used principally to overcome low sperm count, low sperm motility, inability of sperm to penetrate the egg, or other conditions related to male infertility (INFERTILITY, MALE).

The blood vessels which supply and drain the RETINA.

The capacity to conceive or to induce conception. It may refer to either the male or female.

Products derived from the nonenzymatic reaction of GLUCOSE and PROTEINS in vivo that exhibit a yellow-brown pigmentation and an ability to participate in protein-protein cross-linking. These substances are involved in biological processes relating to protein turnover and it is believed that their excessive accumulation contributes to the chronic complications of DIABETES MELLITUS.

An infant having a birth weight of 2500 gm. (5.5 lb.) or less but INFANT, VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT is available for infants having a birth weight of 1500 grams (3.3 lb.) or less.

Pathological processes or abnormal functions of the PLACENTA.

The event that a FETUS is born dead or stillborn.

Inability to reproduce after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Reproductive sterility is permanent infertility.

Human females who are pregnant, as cultural, psychological, or sociological entities.

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

The number of pregnancies, complete or incomplete, experienced by a female. It is different from PARITY, which is the number of offspring borne. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

Clinical and laboratory techniques used to enhance fertility in humans and animals.

The beta subunit of human CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN. Its structure is similar to the beta subunit of LUTEINIZING HORMONE, except for the additional 30 amino acids at the carboxy end with the associated carbohydrate residues. HCG-beta is used as a diagnostic marker for early detection of pregnancy, spontaneous abortion (ABORTION, SPONTANEOUS); ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; HYDATIDIFORM MOLE; CHORIOCARCINOMA; or DOWN SYNDROME.

Nutrition of a mother which affects the health of the FETUS and INFANT as well as herself.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

An enzyme that catalyzes reversibly the oxidation of an aldose to an alditol. It possesses broad specificity for many aldoses. EC 1.1.1.21.

The process of giving birth to one or more offspring.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

Techniques for the artifical induction of ovulation, the rupture of the follicle and release of the ovum.

Methods of detecting pregnancy by examining the levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in plasma or urine.

The event that a FETUS is born alive with heartbeats or RESPIRATION regardless of GESTATIONAL AGE. Such liveborn is called a newborn infant (INFANT, NEWBORN).

The smooth muscle coat of the uterus, which forms the main mass of the organ.

Termination of pregnancy under conditions allowed under local laws. (POPLINE Thesaurus, 1991)

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

The circulation of BLOOD, of both the mother and the FETUS, through the PLACENTA.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

The appearance of an abnormally large amount of GLUCOSE in the urine, such as more than 500 mg/day in adults. It can be due to HYPERGLYCEMIA or genetic defects in renal reabsorption (RENAL GLYCOSURIA).

Prevention of CONCEPTION by blocking fertility temporarily, or permanently (STERILIZATION, REPRODUCTIVE). Common means of reversible contraception include NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING METHODS; CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS; or CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES.

A test to determine the ability of an individual to maintain HOMEOSTASIS of BLOOD GLUCOSE. It includes measuring blood glucose levels in a fasting state, and at prescribed intervals before and after oral glucose intake (75 or 100 g) or intravenous infusion (0.5 g/kg).

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Nutrition of FEMALE during PREGNANCY.

Irregular microscopic structures consisting of cords of endocrine cells that are scattered throughout the PANCREAS among the exocrine acini. Each islet is surrounded by connective tissue fibers and penetrated by a network of capillaries. There are four major cell types. The most abundant beta cells (50-80%) secrete INSULIN. Alpha cells (5-20%) secrete GLUCAGON. PP cells (10-35%) secrete PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE. Delta cells (~5%) secrete SOMATOSTATIN.

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

The disintegration and assimilation of the dead FETUS in the UTERUS at any stage after the completion of organogenesis which, in humans, is after the 9th week of GESTATION. It does not include embryo resorption (see EMBRYO LOSS).

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

UTERINE BLEEDING from a GESTATION of less than 20 weeks without any CERVICAL DILATATION. It is characterized by vaginal bleeding, lower back discomfort, or midline pelvic cramping and a risk factor for MISCARRIAGE.

Trophoblastic hyperplasia associated with normal gestation, or molar pregnancy. It is characterized by the swelling of the CHORIONIC VILLI and elevated human CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN. Hydatidiform moles or molar pregnancy may be categorized as complete or partial based on their gross morphology, histopathology, and karyotype.

A condition of fetal overgrowth leading to a large-for-gestational-age FETUS. It is defined as BIRTH WEIGHT greater than 4,000 grams or above the 90th percentile for population and sex-specific growth curves. It is commonly seen in GESTATIONAL DIABETES; PROLONGED PREGNANCY; and pregnancies complicated by pre-existing diabetes mellitus.

An infant having a birth weight lower than expected for its gestational age.

Three individuals derived from three FETUSES that were fertilized at or about the same time, developed in the UTERUS simultaneously, and born to the same mother.

A disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to potential damage. Indicators of oxidative stress include damaged DNA bases, protein oxidation products, and lipid peroxidation products (Sies, Oxidative Stress, 1991, pxv-xvi).

Female parents, human or animal.

A cluster of convoluted capillaries beginning at each nephric tubule in the kidney and held together by connective tissue.

Two populations of Zucker rats have been cited in research--the "fatty" or obese and the lean. The "fatty" rat (Rattus norvegicus) appeared as a spontaneous mutant. The obese condition appears to be due to a single recessive gene.

Bleeding from blood vessels in the UTERUS, sometimes manifested as vaginal bleeding.

The 17-beta-isomer of estradiol, an aromatized C18 steroid with hydroxyl group at 3-beta- and 17-beta-position. Estradiol-17-beta is the most potent form of mammalian estrogenic steroids.

The development of the PLACENTA, a highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products between mother and FETUS. The process begins at FERTILIZATION, through the development of CYTOTROPHOBLASTS and SYNCYTIOTROPHOBLASTS, the formation of CHORIONIC VILLI, to the progressive increase in BLOOD VESSELS to support the growing fetus.

Chronic delayed gastric emptying. Gastroparesis may be caused by motor dysfunction or paralysis of STOMACH muscles or may be associated with other systemic diseases such as DIABETES MELLITUS.

Blood of the fetus. Exchange of nutrients and waste between the fetal and maternal blood occurs via the PLACENTA. The cord blood is blood contained in the umbilical vessels (UMBILICAL CORD) at the time of delivery.

Methods pertaining to the generation of new individuals, including techniques used in selective BREEDING, cloning (CLONING, ORGANISM), and assisted reproduction (REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES, ASSISTED).

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.

Morphological and physiological development of EMBRYOS or FETUSES.

A branch arising from the internal iliac artery in females, that supplies blood to the uterus.

Chemical substances that interrupt pregnancy after implantation.

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

The weight of the FETUS in utero. It is usually estimated by various formulas based on measurements made during PRENATAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY.

Behavior patterns of those practicing CONTRACEPTION.

The yellow body derived from the ruptured OVARIAN FOLLICLE after OVULATION. The process of corpus luteum formation, LUTEINIZATION, is regulated by LUTEINIZING HORMONE.

Transfer of preovulatory oocytes from donor to a suitable host. Oocytes are collected, fertilized in vitro, and transferred to a host that can be human or animal.

The threadlike, vascular projections of the chorion. Chorionic villi may be free or embedded within the DECIDUA forming the site for exchange of substances between fetal and maternal blood (PLACENTA).

Organized efforts by communities or organizations to improve the health and well-being of the mother.

A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).

An amino sugar formed when glucose non-enzymatically reacts with the N-terminal amino group of proteins. The fructose moiety is derived from glucose by the "classical" Amadori rearrangement.

Intractable VOMITING that develops in early PREGNANCY and persists. This can lead to DEHYDRATION and WEIGHT LOSS.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

Inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning TOBACCO.

The period in the ESTROUS CYCLE associated with maximum sexual receptivity and fertility in non-primate female mammals.

The ratio of two odds. The exposure-odds ratio for case control data is the ratio of the odds in favor of exposure among cases to the odds in favor of exposure among noncases. The disease-odds ratio for a cohort or cross section is the ratio of the odds in favor of disease among the exposed to the odds in favor of disease among the unexposed. The prevalence-odds ratio refers to an odds ratio derived cross-sectionally from studies of prevalent cases.

Onset of HYPERREFLEXIA; SEIZURES; or COMA in a previously diagnosed pre-eclamptic patient (PRE-ECLAMPSIA).

Percutaneous transabdominal puncture of the uterus during pregnancy to obtain amniotic fluid. It is commonly used for fetal karyotype determination in order to diagnose abnormal fetal conditions.

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

The ten-layered nervous tissue membrane of the eye. It is continuous with the OPTIC NERVE and receives images of external objects and transmits visual impulses to the brain. Its outer surface is in contact with the CHOROID and the inner surface with the VITREOUS BODY. The outer-most layer is pigmented, whereas the inner nine layers are transparent.

Health care programs or services designed to assist individuals in the planning of family size. Various methods of CONTRACEPTION can be used to control the number and timing of childbirths.

Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.

The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

Medical problems associated with OBSTETRIC LABOR, such as BREECH PRESENTATION; PREMATURE OBSTETRIC LABOR; HEMORRHAGE; or others. These complications can affect the well-being of the mother, the FETUS, or both.

The retention in the UTERUS of a dead FETUS two months or more after its DEATH.

Products in capsule, tablet or liquid form that provide dietary ingredients, and that are intended to be taken by mouth to increase the intake of nutrients. Dietary supplements can include macronutrients, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats; and/or MICRONUTRIENTS, such as VITAMINS; MINERALS; and PHYTOCHEMICALS.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Lesion on the surface of the skin of the foot, usually accompanied by inflammation. The lesion may become infected or necrotic and is frequently associated with diabetes or leprosy.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

A pair of highly specialized muscular canals extending from the UTERUS to its corresponding OVARY. They provide the means for OVUM collection, and the site for the final maturation of gametes and FERTILIZATION. The fallopian tube consists of an interstitium, an isthmus, an ampulla, an infundibulum, and fimbriae. Its wall consists of three histologic layers: serous, muscular, and an internal mucosal layer lined with both ciliated and secretory cells.

Preservation of cells, tissues, organs, or embryos by freezing. In histological preparations, cryopreservation or cryofixation is used to maintain the existing form, structure, and chemical composition of all the constituent elements of the specimens.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

In utero measurement corresponding to the sitting height (crown to rump) of the fetus. Length is considered a more accurate criterion of the age of the fetus than is the weight. The average crown-rump length of the fetus at term is 36 cm. (From Williams Obstetrics, 18th ed, p91)

Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.

Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.

A syndrome of HEMOLYSIS, elevated liver ENZYMES, and low blood platelets count (THROMBOCYTOPENIA). HELLP syndrome is observed in pregnant women with PRE-ECLAMPSIA or ECLAMPSIA who also exhibit LIVER damage and abnormalities in BLOOD COAGULATION.

High concentration of glucose decreases glucose transporter-1 expression in mouse placenta in vitro and in vivo. (1/539)

Facilitative glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1) is expressed abundantly and has an important role in glucose transfer in placentas. However, little is known about the regulation of GLUT1 expression in placental cells. We studied the changes in placental GLUT1 levels in relation to changes in glucose concentration in vitro and in vivo. In in vitro experiments, dispersed mouse placental cells were incubated under control (5.5 mM) and moderately high (22 mM) glucose concentrations, and 2-deoxyglucose uptake into cells was studied on days 1-5 of culture. After 4 days of incubation under both conditions, GLUT1 mRNA and proten levels were examined by Northern and immunoblot analyses. Treatment of cells with 22 mM glucose resulted in a significant decrease in 2-deoxyglucose uptake compared with control, from day 2 to day 5 of culture. Moreover, GLUT1 mRNA and protein levels on day 4 of culture were significantly reduced in cells incubated with 22 mM glucose compared with control. Next, we rendered mice diabetic by administering 200 micrograms/g body weight streptozotocin (STZ) on day 8 of pregnancy. Animals were killed on day 12 of pregnancy and placental tissues were obtained. [3H]Cytochalasin B binding study was carried out to assess total GLUTs, and GLUT1 mRNA and protein were measured as above. [3H]Cytochalasin B binding sites in placentas from STZ-treated mice were significantly less than those in control mice. Northern and immunoblot analyses revealed a significant decrease in GLUT1 mRNA and protein levels in diabetic mice compared with the controls. These findings suggest that the glucose concentration may regulate the expression of placental GLUT1. (+info)

Maternal diabetes mellitus and congenital malformation. Survey of 205 cases. (2/539)

Twenty-five out of 205 (i.e. 12%) babies born to diabetic mothers in the Birmingham Maternity Hospital in the period 1969-1974 were malformed as against 6% in a control group. The incidence was highest in the group where mothers were on insulin at the time of conception (17 out of 117, i.e. 15%). No correlation was observed between major malformation in this group and age of onset or duration of the diabetes, progressive vascular complications, maternal age, or parity. Cardiovascular malformations were over-represented. (+info)

Augmentation of diabetes-associated renal hyperfiltration and nitric oxide production by pregnancy in rats. (3/539)

We tested the hypothesis that pregnancy might increase diabetes-associated nitric oxide (NO) production and renal hyperfiltration. Two weeks following i.v. streptozotocin (40 mg/kg), mean arterial pressure (MAP) was not modified by diabetes; glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal plasma flow (RPF) and filtration fraction (FF) were higher in pregnant than in virgin controls and increased by diabetes to a greater extent in pregnant than in virgin rats. Urinary volume (UV), creatinine, albumin and sodium (UNaV) were significantly increased by diabetes. Diabetes led to an increase in renal, cardiac, aortic and uterine but not in placental NO synthase activities. Infusion of NG-nitro-l-arginine (l-NA) caused a dose-dependent reduction in GFR, RPF, plasma NO2-/NO3-, UV and UNaV; in general, diabetes increased these effects to a greater extent in pregnant than in virgin rats. l-NA increased MAP in all groups of rats but did not alter FF. Diabetes did not alter responses of thoracic aorta rings to vasoconstrictor effects of phenylephrine and the vasorelaxant effects of sodium nitroprusside but increased endothelium-dependent relaxant effects of acetylcholine. In general the effects of diabetes of 7 days duration were similar to those described above for diabetes of 14 days duration. These data suggest that diabetes-associated renal hyperfiltration and NO production are augmented by pregnancy. (+info)

Long-term neurological dysfunction and neonatal hypoglycaemia after diabetic pregnancy. (4/539)

AIM: To determine if children born to mothers with diabetes mellitus during pregnancy, who subsequently developed neonatal hypoglycaemia, experienced long-term neurological dysfunction. METHODS: Thirteen children with, and 15 without, neonatal hypoglycaemia (blood glucose < 1.5 mmol/l) were randomly selected from a larger cohort and investigated at the age of 8 years. They were also compared with 28 age matched healthy controls. RESULTS: Children with neonatal hypoglycaemia had significantly more difficulties in a validated screening test for minimal brain dysfunction than controls and were also more often reported to be hyperactive, impulsive, and easily distracted. On psychological assessment, they had a lower total development score than normoglycaemic children born to diabetic mothers, and control children. CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal hypoglycaemia in diabetic pregnancy was associated with long-term neurological dysfunction related to minimal brain dysfunction/deficits in attention, motor control, and perception. (+info)

Intravenous insulin infusion in diabetic emergencies. (5/539)

Continuous intravenous insulin and dextrose infusions were used in managing various diabetic emergencies. Standard and constant rates of insulin and dextrose infusion resulted in satisfactory control of blood glucose concentrations during labour, after major surgery, and in patients recovering from ketoacidosis (average insulin infusion rates 1, 2, and 3 U/h respectively). Higher infusion rates were used to correct or prevent ketoacidosis in pregnant diabetic women who had received steroids and sympathomimetic agents. The infusion method is simple, reliable, and flexible, and may help to simplify management of diverse types of diabetic emergencies. (+info)

Pre-conception diabetes care in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. (6/539)

Prospective studies of pre-conception diabetes care have confirmed its positive impact on the incidence of malformations by improving glycaemic control. Less information is available on the impact of pre-conception care on maternal and neonatal morbidity. This audit addresses its impact on timing and mode of delivery, incidence of macrosomia and rate of admission to neonatal unit care in addition to sociodemographic factors which may influence attendance at such a service. Attenders were more likely to be in a stable relationship and be non-smokers. They were more likely to book for antenatal care earlier and with a lower glycated haemoglobin. There were no early deliveries (i.e. < 30 weeks) or small for gestational age (SGA) babies in those who attended for pre-conception care and no neonatal deaths. Admission to NNU care was reduced by 50% in those who attended for pre-conception care. Although the rate of macrosomia was reduced, there was no impact on the Caesarian section rate. A pre-conception diabetes clinic may have a positive impact on neonatal morbidity. (+info)

Hyperglycemia-induced vasculopathy in the murine vitelline vasculature: correlation with PECAM-1/CD31 tyrosine phosphorylation state. (7/539)

Maternal diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased incidence of congenital abnormalities as well as embryonic and perinatal lethality. In particular, a wide range of cardiovascular abnormalities have been noted in children of diabetic mothers and in the offspring of diabetic animals. The vascular system is the first organ system to develop in the embryo and is critical for normal organogenesis. The organization of mesodermal cells into endothelial and hematopoietic cells and into a complex vascular system is, in part, mediated by a series of specific cell-cell, cell-extracellular matrix, and cell-factor interactions. PECAM-1 expression has been observed during the earliest stages of vasculogenesis, and changes in PECAM-1 tyrosine phosphorylation have been associated with endothelial cell migration, vasculogenesis, and angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. In this report we demonstrate that exposure to hyperglycemia during gastrulation causes yolk sac and embryonic vasculopathy in cultured murine conceptuses and in the conceptuses of streptozotocin-induced diabetic pregnant mice. In addition, we correlate the presence of yolk sac and embryonic vasculopathy with the failure of PECAM-1 tyrosine dephosphorylation during the formation of blood islands/vessels from clusters of extra-embryonic and embryonic angioblasts in the murine conceptus using both in vitro and in vivo models. The importance of these findings in the development of vasculopathy in the offspring of diabetic mothers and the potential effects and benefits of glucose regulation during the periods of vasculogenesis/angiogenesis in embryonic development are discussed. (+info)

Effects of overexpression of human GLUT4 gene on maternal diabetes and fetal growth in spontaneous gestational diabetic C57BLKS/J Lepr(db/+) mice. (8/539)

During gestation, heterozygous C57BLKS/J-Lepr(db/+) mice develop spontaneous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and the newborn fetuses are macrosomic compared with offspring from wild-type (+/+) mothers. To investigate the effects of the leptin receptor mutation on maternal metabolism and fetal growth during pregnancy, we studied +/+, db/+, and db/+ transgenic mice that overexpress the human GLUT4 gene two- to three-fold (db/+TG6). During pregnancy, fasting plasma glucose and hepatic glucose production were twofold greater in db/+ than +/+ mice, despite similar insulin levels. In skeletal muscle, insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation was decreased in pregnant +/+ mice, and even more so in db/+ mice: insulin receptor beta (IR-beta), +/+ 34%, db/+ 57% decrease, P<0.05; insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), +/+ 44%, db/+ 61% decrease, P<0.05; and phosphoinositol (PI) 3-kinase (p85alpha), +/+ 33%, db/+ 65% decrease, P<0.05. Overexpression of GLUT4 in db/+TG6 mice markedly improved glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, by 250%, and increased IRbeta, IRS-1, and p85alpha phosphorylation twofold, despite no change in concentration of these proteins. Plasma leptin concentration increased 40-fold during pregnancy, from 2.2+/-0.5 to 92+/-11 ng/ml and 3.6+/-0.1 to 178+/-34 ng/ml in +/+ and db/+ mice, respectively (P<0.01), but was increased to only 23+/-3 ng/ml in pregnant db/+TG6 mice (P<0.001). Maternal fat mass and energy intake were greater in db/+ mice, and fat mass was reduced by GLUT4 overexpression, independent of food intake. Fetal body weight was increased by 8.1 and 7.9% in db/+ and db/+TG6 mothers, respectively (P<0.05), regardless of fetal genotype, whereas fetuses from db/+TG8 mothers (four- to fivefold overexpression) weighed significantly less compared with pups from +/+ or db/+ mothers (P<0.05). These results suggest that the single mutant db allele effects susceptibility to GDM through abnormalities in insulin receptor signaling, defective insulin secretion, and greater nutrient availability. GLUT4 overexpression markedly improves insulin-signaling in GDM, resulting in increased insulin secretion and improved glycemic control. However, maternal hyperglycemia appears not to be the sole cause of fetal macrosomia. These data suggest that GDM is associated with defects in insulin receptor signaling in maternal skeletal muscle, and this may be an important factor provoking maternal and fetal perinatal complications. (+info)

Michael Brudenell; Marjorie Doddridge (1989). Diabetic Pregnancy. Current Reviews in Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Vol. 13. ... Diabetic Pregnancy (Brudenell & Doddridge, 1989) Jeffrey Selwyn Crawford (1982). Obstetric Analgesia and Anaesthesia. Current ... Beatrice Krauer; Felix Krauer; Frank E. Hytten (1984). Drug Prescribing in Pregnancy. Current Reviews in Obstetrics and ... J. K. Russell (1982). Early Teenage Pregnancy. Current Reviews in Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Vol. 3. Churchill Livingstone. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_Reviews_in_Obstetrics_and_Gynaecology

... may result in early or late spontaneous abortion and stillbirth. In maternal diabetes, 90% of pregnancy ... Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic pregnancies both increase the risk of diabetes induced teratogenicity. The rate of congenital ... Martínez‐Frías, María Luisa (1994). "Epidemiological analysis of outcomes of pregnancy in diabetic mothers: Identification of ... Diabetic diet Eriksson, Ulf J.; Wentzel, Parri (2016). "The status of diabetic embryopathy". Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_embryopathy

Diabetic Pregnancy Study Group (DPSG); Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); Diabetes Neuropathy Study Group (NEURODIAB); ... Diabetic Foot Study Group (DFSG); EASD Study Group on Primary Care Research in Diabetology (PCCD); Genetics of Diabetes Study ... EASD Eye Complication Study Group (EASDEC); European Diabetic Nephropathy Study Group (EDNSG); Incretin Study Group; EASD Islet ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Association_for_the_Study_of_Diabetes

De Bortoli, J.; Amir, L. H. (2016). "Is onset of lactation delayed in women with diabetes in pregnancy? A systematic review". ... Diabetic Medicine. 33 (1): 17-24. doi:10.1111/dme.12846. ISSN 1464-5491. PMID 26113051. S2CID 205073241. Fu, Manjie; Zhang, ... BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 14 (1): 225. doi:10.1186/1471-2393-14-225. ISSN 1471-2393. PMC 4096413. PMID 25011378. Crowley, ... BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 14 (1): 233. doi:10.1186/1471-2393-14-233. ISSN 1471-2393. PMC 4105110. PMID 25031035. Ingram, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delayed_onset_of_lactation

Miller V, Saxena S, Farhan M (2010). "Management of large-for-gestational-age pregnancy in non-diabetic women". The ... Obesity prior to pregnancy and maternal weight gain above recommended guidelines during pregnancy are another key risk factor ... "Weight Gain During Pregnancy , Pregnancy , Maternal and Infant Health C". www.cdc.gov. 2019-01-17. Retrieved 2020-08-04. Santos ... and long-term outcomes of metformin compared with insulin alone in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Diabetic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_for_gestational_age

... experts advise diabetics to maintain blood sugar level close to normal range about 3 months before planning for pregnancy. When ... Diabetes mellitus Gestational diabetes Pregnancy "Pregnancy if You Have Diabetes , NIDDK". National Institute of Diabetes and ... Pathology of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium, Diabetes, Health issues in pregnancy). ... During the first weeks of pregnancy less insulin treatment is required due to tight blood sugar control as well as the extra ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_and_pregnancy

DPSG-Diabetic Pregnancy Study Group. European Association for the Study of Diabetes. 02 March 2017 (cached version). Accessed ... The annual Joergen Pedersen Lecture, in honor of Pedersen, has been established by the Diabetic Pregnancy Study Group of the ... Hyperglycemia in pregnancy is associated with unfavorable fetal and neonatal outcomes, since an increased maternal blood sugar ... He is known for his hypothesis concerning the correlation of hyperglycemia during pregnancy and disease in later life. In 1952 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jørgen_Pedersen

Diabetic ketoacidosis may occur despite nearly normal blood sugar levels. Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended ... Canagliflozin is an anti-diabetic medication used to improve blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes. It is a third- ... Canaglifozin is contraindicated in: Type 1 diabetes Diabetic ketoacidosis Severe renal impairment (estimated glomerular ... and being hospitalized for heart failure in certain people with type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canagliflozin

A type 1 diabetic, Jovanovic was one of the creators of the Pocket Doc insulin dosage calculator. Jovanovic developed a program ... The said protocols for intensive insulin delivery later became the standard for strict glucose control during pregnancy. ... She pioneered in medical practice that helped many diabetic women give birth to healthier babies. She was born Lois Gretchen ... Lois Jovanovic, 71, Dies; Helped Diabetic Women Have Babies". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 November 2021. "Remembering the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lois_Jovanovic

There, she studied diabetes in pregnancy. She became an expert on the problems of diabetic and pregnant women. During World War ... and was an expert on the problems of the pregnant diabetic woman. Ledingham was on staff at the Marie Curie Hospital and ... was a British physician known for her studies of diabetes in pregnancy. Ledingham was born Una Christina Garvin to parents ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Una_Ledingham

Madsen, H; Ditzel, J (1984). "Blood-oxygen transport in first trimester of diabetic pregnancy". Acta Obstetricia et ... In diabetics whose glucose usually runs high, the percent Hb A1c also runs high. Because of the slow rate of Hb A combination ... Diabetics who keep their glycated hemoglobin levels close to 7% have a much better chance of avoiding the complications that ... This test is especially useful for diabetics. The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) machine uses the signal from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoglobin

"Maternal Glycemic Control and Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetic Pregnancy: A randomized trial of insulin aspart versus human ... Since 1995, she has been the R. D. Lawrence Professor of Diabetic Medicine at King's College London and a consultant at King's ... In May 1995, she joined King's College London as the R. D. Lawrence Professor of Diabetic Medicine. She is also a consultant ... Amiel, S. A. (April 2014). "A life in balance: wandering the pathways of control". Diabetic Medicine. 31 (4): 382-392. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephanie_Amiel

Conditions in which metabolism is increased, such as hyperthyroidism, fever, pregnancy or lactation. In non-diabetic persons, ... In a diabetic patient, ketone bodies in the urine suggest that the patient is not adequately controlled and that adjustments of ... Any diabetic patient who has elevated levels of blood and urine glucose should be tested for urinary ketones. In addition, when ... In the non diabetic patient, ketonuria reflects a reduced carbohydrate metabolism and an increased fat metabolism. A wide ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketonuria

... and long-term outcomes of metformin compared with insulin alone in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Diabetic ... A total review of metformin use during pregnancy compared to insulin alone found good short-term safety for both the mother and ... "Metformin Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 10 September 2019. Retrieved 4 February 2020. Dunn CJ, Peters DH (May 1995). " ... Rosilio C, Ben-Sahra I, Bost F, Peyron JF (May 2014). "Metformin: a metabolic disruptor and anti-diabetic drug to target human ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metformin

Similarly, pregnancy can accelerate the progression of diabetic retinopathy (although women with gestational diabetes are not ... diabetic macular edema, and 10% experiencing loss of vision from diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is the leading ... namely the Early Treatment for Diabetic Retinopathy Study, Diabetic Retinopathy Vitrectomy Study, Diabetic Retinopathy Study, ... Diabetic retinopathy (also known as diabetic eye disease), is a medical condition in which damage occurs to the retina due to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_retinopathy

Use in pregnancy may harm the baby and use when breastfeeding is not recommended. It is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist ... Telmisartan is used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease. It is a reasonable initial ... "Telmisartan Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings". Drugs.com. Retrieved 3 March 2019. Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue- ... and diabetic kidney disease. It is a reasonable initial treatment for high blood pressure. It is taken by mouth. Versions are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telmisartan

First generation antihistamines include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), chlorpheniramine (Diabetic Tussin), hydroxizine (Atarax), ... Opioid use during pregnancy may cause adverse outcomes for the women and unborn child. Women who use opioids during pregnancy ... Aspirin use during pregnancy has not demonstrated an increased risk of spontaneous abortion within the early weeks of pregnancy ... "Pregnancy and Alcohol: Safety, Effects & Addiction". American Pregnancy Association. 27 April 2012. Retrieved 21 March 2019. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drugs_in_pregnancy

During pregnancy, it may be performed to screen for protein in the urine (proteinuria), which can be a sign of pre-eclampsia, ... The urine of diabetics experiencing ketoacidosis (urine containing high levels of ketone bodies) may have a fruity or sweet ... During pregnancy, dipstick testing may be used to screen for proteinuria as it is a sign of pre-eclampsia. The diagnostic value ... Mild ketonuria can be normal during pregnancy. Some medications, such as levodopa or methyldopa, can cause a false positive ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinalysis

"Maternal diet modulates placenta growth and gene expression in a mouse model of diabetic pregnancy". PLOS ONE. 7 (6): e38445. ... hCG is the indicator of pregnancy that pregnancy tests look for. These tests will work when menses has not occurred or after ... hPL values increase with multiple pregnancies, intact molar pregnancy, diabetes and Rh incompatibility. They are decreased with ... Adverse pregnancy situations, such as those involving maternal diabetes or obesity, can increase or decrease levels of nutrient ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placenta

This is called diabetic ketoacidosis and is characterized by hyperglycemia, dehydration and metabolic acidosis. Other ... Ketoacidosis from starvation most commonly occurs in the setting of an additional metabolic stressor such as pregnancy, ... The most common cause of ketoacidosis is diabetic ketoacidosis but can also be caused by alcohol, medications, toxins, and ... Diabetic ketoacidosis is resolved with insulin infusion, intravenous fluids, electrolyte replacement and supportive care. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketoacidosis

"Expression and potential role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in the placenta of diabetic pregnancy". ... This modification decreases transcriptional activity of PPARG and leads to diabetic gene modifications, and results in insulin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peroxisome_proliferator-activated_receptor_gamma

Veves A, Malik RA (February 1, 2008). Diabetic Neuropathy: Clinical Management. p. 401. ISBN 9781597453110. Retrieved September ... "Cariprazine - Side Effects, Uses, Dosage, Overdose, Pregnancy, Alcohol". RxWiki.com. September 17, 2015. Retrieved September 30 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atypical_antipsychotic

"Caudal regression syndrome and sirenomelia in only one twin in two diabetic pregnancies". Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics ... Many pregnancies with a sirenomelic fetus spontaneously miscarry. One-third to one-half of infants are stillborn, with all but ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirenomelia

Sarah, a diabetic, then suffers a seizure as her glucagon syringes are in her bedroom. Raoul tricks Meg into thinking it is ... She told the filmmakers, and they decided to keep filming her scenes but with a wardrobe that would conceal her pregnancy. ... She informed Fincher and his producer Chaffin of her pregnancy, and they decided to continue filming. Fincher did not want to ... This is the reason why diabetics appear with frequency in films involving criminality and law." In a review of nearly forty ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panic_Room

... and the inability to produce an adequate amount of insulin during pregnancy and thus it may be the target for future diabetic ... or may have developed diabetes coincidentally with pregnancy. Whether symptoms subside after pregnancy is also irrelevant to ... and lifestyle changes between pregnancies may lower their chances of having gestational diabetes again in future pregnancies. ... A previous pregnancy which resulted in a child with a macrosomia (high birth weight: >90th centile or >4000 g (8 lbs 12.8 oz)) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gestational_diabetes

Women who become diabetic during their pregnancies have a 15% higher chance of developing preeclampsia; women who are diabetic ... Diabetic angiopathy See: Angiopathy. Diabetic coma see coma Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) see acidosis Diabetic myelopathy Spinal ... Diabetic nephropathy See: Nephropathy Diabetic neuropathy See: Neuropathy Diabetic osteopathy Bone disease secondary to chronic ... For a diabetic, coma can be caused by hypoglycemia or by diabetic ketoacidosis. Comatose in a coma; not conscious. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_diabetes

"Pregabalin Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Retrieved 2022-06-11. Schifano, Fabrizio (2014-06-01). "Misuse and Abuse of ... They may also enhance the fluid-retaining effect of certain anti-diabetic agents (thiazolidinediones). It is not known if they ... It is unclear if it is safe to use Gabapentinoids during pregnancy with some studies showing potential harm. Physical or ... There is controversy concerning the safety of benzodiazepines in pregnancy. While they are not major teratogens, uncertainty ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depressant

It is ineffective and possibly harmful in diabetes mellitus type 1 and diabetic ketoacidosis. Its safety in pregnancy, ... Pioglitazone, sold under the brand name Actos among others, is an anti-diabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It ... Pioglitazone has been found to reduce all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetic patients compared to other therapies, with a 60% ... Use is not recommended in pregnancy or breastfeeding. It is in the thiazolidinedione (TZD) class and works by improving ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pioglitazone

Most oral anti-diabetic agents are contraindicated in pregnancy, in which insulin is preferred. Insulin is not administered by ... Among common diabetic drugs, metformin is the only widely used oral drug that does not cause weight gain. Typical reduction in ... They cannot be used with type 1 diabetes, or diabetes of pregnancy. They can be safely used with metformin or glitazones. The ... There are different classes of anti-diabetic drugs, and their selection depends on the nature of the diabetes, age and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_medication

Lillian is diabetic, which causes Fancy to be overprotective during her last pregnancy, for which he later apologizes. He has a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Fancy

Chronic maternal stress in pregnancy exposes the fetus to increased levels of glucocorticoid and inflammatory markers which in ... can combine to have a larger impact on the chances of getting diabetes or becoming pre-diabetic. Finally, another long-term ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_stress_and_sleep

"Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 24 September 2019. Archived from the original on 14 June 2020. ... and pancreatitis that caused Type 1 diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis; some people have had to go on lifelong hormone therapy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembrolizumab

Specifically in diabetic mice, the KOR appears to be involved in the antinociceptive effects of oxycodone, while in nondiabetic ... Use of oxycodone in early pregnancy appears relatively safe. Opioid withdrawal may occur if rapidly stopped. Oxycodone acts by ... ISBN 978-0-911910-00-1. "Oxycodone Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 14 October 2019. Archived from the original on 19 June ... Nozaki C, Saitoh A, Kamei J (March 2006). "Characterization of the antinociceptive effects of oxycodone in diabetic mice". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxycodone

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not generally recommended. Doxepin is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). Although how ... when used in conjunction with doxepin has been associated with a case of severe hypoglycaemia in a type II diabetic individual ... "Doxepin Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Retrieved 21 March 2019. "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022. " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doxepin

In drug-treated diabetic pregnancies in which glucose levels in the woman are uncontrolled, neural tube and cardiac defects in ... GLUT2 could reasonably be referred to as the "diabetic glucose transporter" or a "stress hyperglycemia glucose transporter." ... "Acute and short-term insulin-induced molecular adaptations of GLUT2 gene expression in the renal cortex of diabetic rats". ... glucose transporter 2 by the early postimplantation mouse embryo is essential for neural tube defects associated with diabetic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GLUT2

The victim was a 34-year-old woman who was in the 34th week of pregnancy. The patient was treated and admitted into a private ... A 57-year-old diabetic man sought for treatment on 2 August after showing symptoms of the flu. On 3 August, he returned to the ... A 74-year-old diabetic woman, who also had CCF was admitted to the hospital after she was found unconscious in her house. She ... A 62-year-old man who was a diabetic was hospitalised on 6 August. He was then later dehydrated and given antiviral drug for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_swine_flu_pandemic_in_Malaysia

... is frequently used for the medical treatment of an unruptured ectopic pregnancy. There is no FDA-approved drug for this purpose ... as well as macular edema from diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and central retinal vein occlusion. Buprenorphine has been ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_drugs_known_for_off-label_use

It is a treatable condition that occurs in about 3-11% of males (up to 35% of diabetic males). Edwards reported that it is ... which forms in the embryo regardless of sex during the early weeks of pregnancy. Initially undifferentiated, the tubercle ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glans_penis

"Sodium bicarbonate Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 28 November 2019. Retrieved 31 March 2020. World Health Organization (2009 ... such as giving insulin in case of diabetic ketoacidosis. Dhaka fluid is one of the IV fluids used in intravenous rehydration ... diabetic ketoacidosis[citation needed], circulatory insufficiency, extracorporeal circulation of blood, in hemolysis requiring ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intravenous_sodium_bicarbonate

"Role of lamellar body count for the prediction of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in non-diabetic pregnant women". Arch ... Tests during pregnancy, All stub articles, Medical diagnostic stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamellar_body_count

It affects 0.5-1.5% of pregnancies in Europe and the US and up to 28% in women of Mapuche ethnicity in Chile. ICP is ... anti-diabetics, anti-inflammatory, & cardiovascular drugs, psychotropic drugs. The exact pathomechanism may vary for different ... Possible causes: pregnancy androgens birth control pills antibiotics (such as TMP/SMX) abdominal mass (e.g. cancer) pediatric ... Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is an acute cause of cholestasis that manifests most commonly in the third ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholestasis

The main focus of criticism is on teenage pregnancy or underage drinking. Despite the channel's name including the word "Family ... was pulled before its broadcast after complaints from parents of misconceptions regarding diabetics and sugar intake (Mitchel ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_The_Walt_Disney_Company

For services to Women with Cancer during Pregnancy. Deborah Ann Pennington, Higher Executive Officer, Office for Security and ... Scott Christopher Cawley, National Diabetic Foot Coordinator for Wales. For services to People with Diabetes. Sally Chakawhata ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_New_Year_Honours

Use during pregnancy is believed to result in harm to the baby. It is in the angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitor ... Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors in hypertensive adults with non-diabetic CKD with or without proteinuria: a systematic ... Enalapril is pregnancy category D. Some evidence suggests it will cause injury and death to a developing fetus. Patients are ... In pregnancy, enalapril may result in damage to the fetus's kidneys and resulting oligohydramnios (not enough amniotic fluid). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enalapril

It was initially indicated for diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy in Australia. The ... Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended. It works by multiple mechanisms. It was patented in 1969, and came ... "Fenofibrate Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings". Drugs.com. Retrieved 3 March 2019. Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue- ... Fenofibrate may slow the progression of diabetic retinopathy and the need for invasive treatment such as laser therapy in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenofibrate

In animal models, maternal stress and trauma during pregnancy has been shown to reduce the expression of placental enzyme 11B- ... "Epigenetics and life-long consequences of an adverse nutritional and diabetic intrauterine environment". Reproduction. 148 (6 ... Zhang, Ying; Wang, Qiang; Wang, Hongmei; Duan, Enkui (July 2017). "Uterine Fluid in Pregnancy: A Biological and Clinical ... Empirical evidence has shown that trauma experienced by a mother during pregnancy can affect offspring's physiology and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transgenerational_trauma

Diabetics with nephropathy were found to have elevated plasma levels of 3DG compared with other diabetics. Glycated diet, which ... Women with pre-existing diabetes or severe diabetes that develops during pregnancy are between 3 and 4 times more likely than ... is impaired in diabetic humans since their ratio of 3DG to 3DF in urine and plasma differs significantly from non-diabetic ... Diabetic humans show increased oxidative stress. 3DG-induced ROS result in oxidative DNA damage. 3DG can be internalized by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-Deoxyglucosone

... early-onset prurigo of pregnancy, linear IgM dermatosis of pregnancy, papular dermatitis of pregnancy, prurigo of pregnancy, ... Diabetic bulla (bullosis diabeticorum, bullous eruption of diabetes mellitus) Diabetic cheiroarthropathy Diabetic dermopathy ( ... Impetigo herpetiformis Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (cholestasis of pregnancy, jaundice of pregnancy, obstetric ... Pruritic folliculitis of pregnancy Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (late-onset prurigo of pregnancy, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_skin_conditions

A variant is often used in pregnancy to screen for gestational diabetes, with a screening test of 50 g over one hour. If ... but can give erroneous results for diabetic patients. Glucose+Tolerance+Test at the US National Library of Medicine Medical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose_tolerance_test

Its cause is most commonly idiopathic, a diabetic complication or a result of abdominal surgery. The condition causes nausea, ... 83-. ISBN 978-1-60761-193-6. Briggs GG, Freeman RK, Yaffe SJ (28 March 2012). Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation: A Reference ... It may be useful in idiopathic and diabetic gastroparesis. However, increased rate of gastric emptying induced by drugs like ... Domperidone has been studied as a potential hormonal contraceptive to prevent pregnancy in women. Reddymasu SC, Soykan I, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domperidone

However, diabetics do have a slightly greater incidence of pancreatitis than do non-diabetics. It also may increase risk of ... Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is of unclear safety. Exenatide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 ... "Exenatide Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings". Drugs.com. Retrieved 3 March 2019. "Exenatide - Drug Usage Statistics". ... "Risk of acute pancreatitis in type 2 diabetes and risk reduction on anti-diabetic drugs: a population-based cohort study in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exenatide

At 16 years old he had a near fatal incident when he was in a diabetic coma. Jamie is currently working as sous chef he and his ... She also lost Ethan's twin through miscarriage in the third month of pregnancy. Ethan loves playing computer games but ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_of_Our_Time

He is struggling for inspiration for the book he is writing, and is over-protective of six-year old type 1 diabetic Sully. ... American pregnancy films, American thriller drama films, Gary Sanchez Productions films, American drama television films, 2010s ... child and find the young and attractive Bridgette Gibson living in a homeless shelter in the final months of her pregnancy. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Deadly_Adoption

... on the treatment of diabetes and tuberculosis and on the care of pregnancy in diabetics. In 1934, he conceived the idea of an ... He wrote profusely on his subject and his books The Diabetic Life and The Diabetic ABC did much to simplify treatment for ... He devoted his professional life to the care of diabetic patients and is remembered as the founder of the British Diabetic ... ISBN 1-55002-399-3. Jackson, J.G.L. (1996). "R.D. Lawrence and the Founding of the Diabetic Association". Diabetic Medicine. 13 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Daniel_Lawrence

There is no evidence that its use during pregnancy is harmful to the developing fetus and its use is not contraindicated in ... Insulin or anti-diabetic medication (wherein it may enhance the effects of a hypoglycemic treatment) Drugs that prolong QT ... Although all risk cannot be excluded, it remains a treatment for rheumatic disease during pregnancy. Hydroxychloroquine is in ... "Hydroxychloroquine Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 28 February 2020. Retrieved 21 March 2020. "Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxychloroquine

The Relation of Maternal to Neonatal Carbohydrate Metabolism in Normal and Gestational Diabetic Pregnancy N. W. Oakley; N. W. ... The Relation of Maternal to Neonatal Carbohydrate Metabolism in Normal and Gestational Diabetic Pregnancy. Clin Sci Mol Med 1 ...

https://portlandpress.com/clinsci/article-abstract/48/1/4P/70534/The-Relation-of-Maternal-to-Neonatal-Carbohydrate?redirectedFrom=fulltext

Diabetics Pregnancy With High Blood Sugar Type 2 Diabetes And Diet , Mareld. diabetics pregnancy with high blood sugar type 2 ... Diabetics Pregnancy With High Blood Sugar Type 2 Diabetes And Diet , Mareld admin 2022-07-26T16:20:29+00:00 @media only screen ... Nancie Catt and others attended the meeting diabetics herbal cures construction of the diabetics pregnancy with high blood ... This damn guy, how can he be so meticulous in doing things, cant he get it diabetics pregnancy with high blood sugar give it ...

https://mareld.se/diabetics-pregnancy-z3Ssug-with-high-blood-sugar/

Pregnancy. Pregnant women with proliferative diabetic retinopathy do poorly without treatment, but those who have had prior ... Pregnant women without diabetic retinopathy run a 10% risk of developing NPDR during their pregnancy; of those with preexisting ... Toda J, Kato S, Sanaka M, Kitano S. The effect of pregnancy on the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2016 ... Morrison JL, Hodgson LA, Lim LL, Al-Qureshi S. Diabetic retinopathy in pregnancy: a review. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2016 May. 44 ( ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/1225122-100710/what-are-the-prognostic-factors-for-visual-loss-in-diabetic-retinopathy

To perform comparative analyses of obstetric and perinatal outcomes between type 1 diabetic pregnancies and the general ... Data are proportions or OR (95% CI). n = 5,089 for diabetic pregnancies; n = 1,260,207 for control pregnancies. Adjusted OR, OR ... Epidemiology of pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic pregnancies in Sweden ... Epidemiology of pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic pregnancies in Sweden ...

https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article-split/32/11/2005/25936/Obstetric-and-Perinatal-Outcomes-in-Type-1

Diabetes and Pregnancy and Fear. By Diabetic Mommy , Published October 30, 2013 ... By Diabetic Mommy , Published October 29, 2013 Are type 2 diabetics out-of-control, chip-eating couch potatoes? Or does ... Posted in Diabetes, Diabetes and Pregnancy, Diabetes Basics , Tagged: blood sugar lows, diabetes pregnancy, hypoglycemia, low ... Posted in Diabetes, Diabetes and Pregnancy, Gestational Diabetes, Pregnancy and Pre-existing Diabetes, Thoughts and Life , ...

https://www.diabeticmommy.com/DMWPsubdirectory/author/bjay100/

Dive into the research topics of Maternal Vitamin D Status in Type 1 Diabetic Pregnancy: Impact on Neonatal Vitamin D Status ... T1 - Maternal Vitamin D Status in Type 1 Diabetic Pregnancy: Impact on Neonatal Vitamin D Status and Association with Maternal ... Maternal Vitamin D Status in Type 1 Diabetic Pregnancy: Impact on Neonatal Vitamin D Status and Association with Maternal ... Maternal Vitamin D Status in Type 1 Diabetic Pregnancy: Impact on Neonatal Vitamin D Status and Association with Maternal ...

https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/maternal-vitamin-d-status-in-type-1-diabetic-pregnancy-impact-on-

... pregnancy outcomes and placental oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Forty female rats were randomly ... This study may suggest the protective effects of propolis against DM-induced impaired pregnancy outcomes and placental ... From: Propolis improves pregnancy outcomes and placental oxidative stress status in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats ...

https://bmccomplementmedtherapies.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12906-018-2391-6/peer-review

This is VERY rarely done but may be helpful if the due date was not determined early in pregnancy. Delivery before 39 weeks is ... Infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) are often larger than other babies, especially if diabetes is not well-controlled. This may ... Diabetes mellitus complicating pregnancy. In: Landon MB, Galan HL, Jauniaux ERM, et al, eds. Gabbes Obstetrics: Normal and ... Ultrasound in the last few months of pregnancy can monitor the size of the baby relative to the opening to the birth canal. ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001597.htm

... adults aged 18-64 years with type 1 diabetes were more likely to have ever had diabetic retinopathy than adults with type 2 ... adults aged 18-64 years with type 1 diabetes were more likely to have ever had diabetic retinopathy than adults with type 2 ... Diabetes only during pregnancy was excluded. Prediabetes was defined by a positive response to the follow-up question, "Have ... Based on a response to the question "Have you ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that you had diabetic ...

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/68/wr/mm6821a5.htm

Diabetes and pregnancy. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists - Medical Specialty Society. * American College of ... An estimated 25% of diabetic patients will require surgery. Mortality rates in diabetic patients have been estimated to be up ... encoded search term (Perioperative Management of the Diabetic Patient) and Perioperative Management of the Diabetic Patient ... Perioperative Management of the Diabetic Patient Updated: Jan 07, 2021 * Author: Mira Loh-Trivedi, PharmD; Chief Editor: ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/284451

Decidual acute atherosis in normal, diabetic and preeclamptic pregnancies: using revised diagnostic criteria ... Decidual acute atherosis in normal, diabetic and preeclamptic pregnancies: using revised diagnostic criteria ...

https://www.wrh.ox.ac.uk/publications/488966

The first study would include a group of non-pregnant women and a group of diabetic women undergoing normal pregnancy matched ... A better understanding of immunomodulatory effects of pregnancy on diabetic retinopathy pave the way for further investigations ... During pregnancy in order to avoid fetus rejection, certain components of the immune system that are knowingly implicated in ... In the second study pregnant women would be divided into two groups: one with normal pregnancy and the other with preeclampsia ...

https://rbej.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1477-7827-8-124

Posted in PregnancyTagged chronic illness, diabetes in pregnancy, gestational diabetes, high risk pregnancy, pregnancy, ... Posted in PregnancyTagged blood sugars, diabetes management, high risk pregnancy, insulin, pregnancy2 Comments ... Being a diabetic mom has made me…..stronger! I have been a Type 1 Diabetic since my son was 6 months and he is now 9…I also ... I am now a healthy 26 year old type 1 diabetic! I have gotten married, had two successful pregnancies with diabetes and have ...

https://thediabeticjourney.com/tag/pregnancy/

In this paper, we discuss updates on diabetic macular edema (DME) and the management options. The underlying pathology of DME ... Pregnancy. An array of physiological changes occur during pregnancy, some of which unfortunately do seem to cause a rapid ... OCT Classification of Diabetic Macular Edema Type 1: Early diabetic macular edema. Type 2: Simple diabetic macular edema. Type ... Early treatment diabetic retinopathy study report number 1. Early treatment diabetic retinopathy study group," Archives of ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jdr/2015/794036/

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) can be a catastrophic event during pregnancy, complicating almost nine percent of diabetics in ... Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Pregnancy. Nauman Tarif1, Wisam Al Badr2. 1 Department of Medicine, King Khalid University ... Euglycemic DKA should be considered in type II diabetics during pregnancy and treated promptly.. ... which is a rare entity and reported usually in type I diabetic patients. A 37-year-old Saudi female patient known to have type ...

https://sjkdt.org/article.asp?issn=1319-2442

Adding to the problem, approx… 1700 Calorie Diabetic Diet Meal Plan Monthly diabetic diet meal plan diabetes impacts the lives ... Adding to the problem, approx… 1700 calorie diabetic diet meal plan monthly diabetic diet meal plan ... Example Of A Diabetic Diet Meal Plan Balanced Diet Plan For Diabetes According to the american diabetes association, about 34 ... Diabetic Renal Diet Plans According to the American Diabetes Association, about 34 million people in the united states - both ...

https://diabetessymptomseducation.com/2021/03/31/diet-plan-for-diabetic-during-pregnancy/

Undiagnosed A-Fib Detected During Diabetic Foot Exam. One in six patients with diabetes had previously undiagnosed atrial ... AHA News: A Heart Attack During Pregnancy, Then Heart Valve Surgery Vitamins, Fish Oil, Minerals: Which Supplements Help or ...

https://consumer.healthday.com/simple-foot-exam-ids-undiagnosed-atrial-fibrillation-in-diabetics-2652817701.html

... உடல் நல ஆரோக்யம் என்பது அனைவருக்கும் அவசியமான ஒன்று. நம்மை விட கர்ப்பிணிப் பெண்கள் ... do you know pregnancy women diabetic remedy?. கடந்த 10 ,15 வருடங்களுக்கு முன்பாக நம் நாட்டில் சர்க்கரை நோய் என்பது ஒரு சில ... do you know pregnancy women diabetic remedy?. மனிதர்களாக பிறந்தவர்களுக்கு நோயே வராமல் இருக்காது? ஆனால் நாம் சற்று ... do you know pregnancy women diabetic remedy? உடல் நல ஆரோக்யம் என்பது அனைவருக்கும் அவசியமான ஒன்று. நம்மை விட கர்ப்பிணிப் ...

https://www.instanews.city/doctor-sir/do-you-know-pregnancy-women-diabetic-remedy-1181784

Doctor , My friend was pregnant 9 weeks ,but when she she checked the H1B1ac showing 10.She was unaware of being diabetic .Now ... If this is after your first pregnancy, they can be testing to see if the antibodies from your first pregnancy are still present ... Pregnancy with Twins, Triplets and Other Multiples Get the facts on how twins and multiples are formed and your chance of ... Doctor , My friend was pregnant 9 weeks ,but when she she checked the H1B1ac showing 10.She was unaware of being diabetic .Now ...

https://www.medhelp.org/posts/Pregnancy/Antibody-screen-c-section/show/3044742

What is diabetic retinopathy? Retinopathy is a disease of the retina. The retina is the nerve layer that lines the back of your ... Pregnancy. Women who have diabetes are at increased risk of developing retinopathy during pregnancy. In women who already have ... Early detection and treatment of diabetic retinopathy can help prevent vision loss. For people in whom diabetic retinopathy has ... When this happens, diabetic retinopathy is already severe. Having your eyes checked regularly can find diabetic retinopathy ...

https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/illnesses-conditions/diabetes/diabetic-retinopathy

diabetics herbs, and it is possible to help you to make the rest officient pregnancy blood sugar levels high strategies. ... Pregnancy Blood Sugar Levels High Diabetics Medicines Ayurveda - NTLA - National Tribal Land Association. *1 Type 2 Diabetes ... These tests include 81 pregnancy blood sugar levels high central organisms and receptor for a non-diabetic drug, including ... pregnancy blood sugar levels high!. do you pregnancy blood sugar levels high need medications for type 2 diabetes or Type 2 ...

https://www.ntla.info/pregnancy-blood-sugar-m3lsTt-levels-high/

Recipe for Kool-Aid Fizzy Float from the diabetic recipe archive at Diabetic Gourmet Magazine with nutritional info for ... Maintaining a Healthy Weight During Pregnancy Helps Mother and Baby. .rpwe-block ul{list-style:none!important;margin-left:0! ... Recipe Categories: Classic Dessert Recipes, Diabetic Dessert Recipes, Diabetic Recipe Archive, Recipes for Frozen Treats, ...

https://diabeticgourmet.com/diabetic-recipes/kool-aid-fizzy-float

... Worndl ... For all cancers except stage I-III prostate cancer, rates of diabetic complications were significantly higher zero years to one ... The primary outcome was hospital visits for diabetic emergencies. Secondary outcomes were hospital visits for skin and soft ... was to determine whether a cancer diagnosis in patients with diabetes is associated with an increased risk of diabetic ...

https://www.ices.on.ca/Publications/Journal-Articles/2018/May/Preventable-diabetic-complications-after-a-cancer-diagnosis-in-patients-with-diabetes

How do pregnancy complications affect the eyes? Pregnancy is a time filled with lots of excitement and emotions- but pregnancy ... What is Diabetic Retinopathy?. by Russ Lazarus June 1, 2020 Diabetic retinopathy is a serious sight-threatening complication of ... How Is Diabetic Retinopathy Treated?. by Russ Lazarus September 21, 2020 Without proper treatment, diabetic retinopathy can ... Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of vision loss among people with diabetes. If you have been diagnosed with diabetes, ...

https://www.optometrists.org/tag/diabetic-retinopathy/

RCT evidence is also available for the use of metformin in pregnancy for women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and for ... RCT changed practice in many countries demonstrating that metformin had similar pregnancy outcomes to insulin therapy with less ... Metformin use in pregnancy is increasing worldwide as randomised controlled trial (RCT) evidence is emerging demonstrating its ... of an increase in congenital malformations or miscarriages has been observed even when metformin is started before pregnancy ...

https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/7/1954

When the diabetic control of a pregnant women and the adequate nutrition of her foetus are in conflict, the needs of the f ... in the management of diabetes in pregnancy and the following principles will help you to plan diets for pregnant diabetics. ... The modification of diet throughout pregnancy Diet is of vital importance ... pregnant diabetic the principles that apply to the non-pregnant diabetic and those that apply al pregnancy should be ...

https://www.youngandblissful.com/blogs/news/the-pregnant-diabetic-modification-of-diet-throughout-pregnancy?_pos=3&_sid=af01ae4f0&_ss=r

Diabetes in pregnancy can be dangerous. Learn how to control your sugar and insulin levels while pregnant. ... For diabetics, there are three important health problems you should watch out for during your pregnancy: hypoglycemia, ... Home › Pregnancy Problems › Pregnancy Complications › Diabetes in Pregnancy. Diabetes In Pregnancy. Affecting about one in 200 ... If you are diabetic, you will need to have your blood sugar levels closely monitored and maintain a specific diabetes diet and ...

https://www.pregnancy-info.net/diabetes.html

Women with diabetic retinopathy should be counseled about their increased risk of pregnancy-induced HTN, preeclampsia, ... Pregnancy, delivery and neonatal outcomes among women with diabetic retinopathy.. Alnoman, Abdullah; Peeva, Magdalena; ... Diabetic retinopathy increased the likelihood of developing pregnancy-induced HTN (p < .0001), Preeclampsia (p < .0001), and ... Diabetic retinopathy is a common microvascular complication of diabetes. Despite that, there are few studies in the literature ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/perinatal/resource/pt/mdl-36404423

The effect of pre-pregnancy weight on delivery outcome and birth weight in potential diabetic patients with normal screening ... Phithakwatchara N, Titapant V. The effect of pre-pregnancy weight on delivery outcome and birth weight in potential diabetic ... OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of pre-pregnancy weight on delivery outcome and birth weight in potential diabetic ... They were classified into two groups according to the pre-pregnancy BMI, one was the overweight group (BMI , or = 27 kg/m2) and ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/44603

Important aspects of workup regarding diabetic retinopathy include fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography, and B-scan ultrasonography. (medscape.com)

Approximately 700,000 persons in the United States have proliferative diabetic retinopathy, with an annual incidence of 65,000. (medscape.com)
Diabetes mellitus is a widely prevalent chronic condition that can lead to sight-threatening complications such as diabetic macular edema (DME), proliferative diabetic retinopathy, retinal artery/vein occlusions, and retinal detachment [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
More than 70% of subjects in these studies had diabetes, and the most frequent etiology of the vitreous hemorrhage was proliferative diabetic retinopathy. (medscape.com)
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy - this is where fragile new blood vessels form gradually on the surface of the retina over time. (diabetes.ie)
they can cause the retina to make new blood vessels which are very fragile (proliferative diabetic retinopathy). (diabetes.ie)
Both diabetic macular edema and proliferative diabetic retinopathy can be treated and managed if they are detected early enough. (diabetes.ie)
with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, fragile new blood vessels on the retina cause bleeding in the eye. (diabetes.ie)
Advanced-stage: In case you have proliferative diabetic retinopathy or macular edema, you must receive treatment immediately. (apollospectra.com)
Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), also known as early diabetic retinopathy. (apollospectra.com)

According to The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial controlling diabetes and maintaining the HbA1c level in the 6-7% range can substantially reduce the progression of diabetic retinopathy. (medscape.com)
Type 1 diabetes in pregnancy is associated with increased risks of maternal and fetal complications. (diabetesjournals.org)
With the increasing prevalence of diabetic patients undergoing surgery, and the increased risk of complications associated with diabetes mellitus, appropriate perioperative assessment and management are imperative. (medscape.com)
The objective was to determine whether a cancer diagnosis in patients with diabetes is associated with an increased risk of diabetic complications. (ices.on.ca)
How do pregnancy complications affect the eyes? (optometrists.org)
Affecting about one in 200 women in the U.S, pre-existing diabetes can be a significant challenge for any woman trying to conceive as well as increase your risk for complications during pregnancy. (pregnancy-info.net)
A recent study showed that both types of diabetes greatly increase the risk of complications during pregnancy. (pregnancy-info.net)
Information of the complications of pregnancy, the route of delivery, birth weight, and neonatal outcomes were collected and analyzed. (who.int)
As diabetic patients are at higher risk of developing complications should you be infected, we must take measures to reduce these risks. (southtees.nhs.uk)
If the levels are maintained, then the progression of diabetic retinopathy is reduced substantially, according to The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. (medscape.com)
Diabetic patients may have more frequent and severe complications with surgery. (medtronic.com)
It reduces the risk of diabetic complications for you, and it helps reduce the risk of birth defects and other complications in your pregnancy. (healthline.com)
One of the biggest complications of diabetes is diabetic retinopathy. (apollospectra.com)
Prevention of diabetic complications, particularly diabetic kidney disease, by long-term intensive glycemic control from early in the course of diabetes is well established for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. (medscape.com)
The difficult pregnancy nearly killed Melody, including temporary loss of her vision and other complications, but she and Noah made it through. (tbcnow.org)
Long-term complications from high blood sugar can include heart disease , strokes , diabetic retinopathy where eyesight is affected, kidney failure which may require dialysis , and poor circulation of limbs leading to amputations . (thediabeticpharmacist.com)

In this paper, we discuss updates on diabetic macular edema (DME) and the management options. (hindawi.com)
Diabetic macular edema is most commonly classified into either being clinically significant or not. (hindawi.com)
Diabetic macular edema may also be classified based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements, specifically, thickness of the macula, morphology of the retina, and the presence of macular traction. (hindawi.com)
Early diabetic macular edema. (hindawi.com)
Simple diabetic macular edema. (hindawi.com)
A condition called macular edema may occur from diabetic retinopathy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Two-year results from the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research network (DRCR.net) Randomized Trial Evaluating Ranibizumab Plus Prompt or Deferred Laser or Triamcinolone Plus Prompt Laser for Diabetic Macular Edema, known as the Laser-Ranibizumab-Triamcinolone for DME Study, demonstrated that ranibizumab paired with prompt or deferred focal/grid laser treatment achieved superior visual acuity and optical coherence tomography (OCT) outcomes compared with focal/grid laser treatment alone. (medscape.com)
In a DRCR.net clinical trial comparing Eylea (aflibercept), Lucentis (ranibizumab), and Avastin (bevacizumab) for diabetic macular edema (DME), aflibercept provided greater visual improvement, on average, than did the other 2 drugs for vision of 20/50 or worse at the start of the trial. (medscape.com)
Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) - this is where leaky blood vessels affect the important central part of the retina called the macula (the part of the eye responsible for detailed central vision). (diabetes.ie)
with diabetic macular edema, leaky blood vessels cause swelling of the macula, which can lead to blurred vision. (diabetes.ie)

To perform comparative analyses of obstetric and perinatal outcomes between type 1 diabetic pregnancies and the general obstetric population in Sweden between 1991 and 2003. (diabetesjournals.org)
Type 1 diabetes in pregnancy is still associated with considerably increased rates of adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes. (diabetesjournals.org)
Since then and after the introduction of tight glycemic control, outcomes of type 1 diabetic pregnancies are considered to have improved significantly. (diabetesjournals.org)
There is no clear explanation for the wide variation in perinatal outcomes for diabetic pregnancies. (diabetesjournals.org)
Given the relatively low incidence of congenital malformations and perinatal mortality, large studies are required for accurate risk estimates, and variations in outcomes for type 1 diabetic pregnancies may be associated not only with diabetes but also with other risk factor variations in the general obstetric population. (diabetesjournals.org)
The primary aim of this study was to provide solid evidence for obstetric and perinatal outcomes in type 1 diabetic pregnancies. (diabetesjournals.org)
The ultimate goal in the management of diabetic patients is to achieve outcomes equivalent to those in patients without DM. (medscape.com)
The Metformin in Gestational Diabetes (MiG) RCT changed practice in many countries demonstrating that metformin had similar pregnancy outcomes to insulin therapy with less maternal weight gain and a high degree of patient acceptability. (mdpi.com)
Pregnancy, delivery and neonatal outcomes among women with diabetic retinopathy. (bvsalud.org)
Despite that, there are few studies in the literature to address pregnancy , delivery, or neonatal outcomes among women with diabetic retinopathy . (bvsalud.org)
CONCLUSION: Even though the screening test for gestational diabetes mellitus is normal, the overweight women still have several adverse pregnancy outcomes. (who.int)
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity, and Pregnancy Outcomes. (routledge.com)

After he went out and insulin medication for type 2 diabetes come back, he saw that Camellia Volkman had drank all the diabetics pregnancy with high blood sugar still what to do for high blood sugar diabetics do I believe? (mareld.se)
These factors may be decidered by the body of insulin and it pregnancy blood sugar levels high is necessarily unable all diabetes medications to produce glucose. (ntla.info)
When managing the diet of an insulin-dependent , pregnant diabetic the principles that apply to the non-pregnant diabetic and those that apply al pregnancy should be coordinated. (youngandblissful.com)
particularly if they are rich in fibre, and are more suited a diabetic patient's insulin apparatus, which responds slowly. (youngandblissful.com)
Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of the eye that can affect anyone who has diabetes, whether they are treated with insulin, tablets or diet only. (southtees.nhs.uk)
Insulin has traditionally been the gold standard in diabetic pregnancy because of its efficacy and the fact that it does not cross the placenta. (rcpe.ac.uk)
Insulin Therapy in Pregnancy. (routledge.com)
However, the first-line treatment for diabetes during pregnancy is insulin. (healthline.com)
So, I did the math with today's numbers for CDC and Mexico & Canada figures, and the 15 million diabetics using insulin and testing 3x average per day works out to 16.5 billion for North America. (mactac.com)
In people with diabetes, the body's capability to use or produce insulin, a hormonal agent that helps to regulate blood glucose levels, is impaired are pinto beans good for diabetics. (spagati.com)
Study on Uric Acid as Biomarker for Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus. (aimdrjournal.com)

A further study aim was to examine potential relationships between maternal 25OHD and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA 1c ) throughout pregnancy. (qub.ac.uk)
Maternal serum 25OHD was measured serially throughout the pregnancy and post-delivery. (qub.ac.uk)
Maternal vitamin D levels were also found to exhibit a significant negative relationship with HbA1c levels throughout pregnancy, the first evidence supporting a role for this vitamin in maintaining gestational glycaemic control in T1DM. (qub.ac.uk)
During pregnancy the maternal circulating immune system undergoes modifications in cell counts, phenotypes as well as the function and ability to produce soluble factors such as cytokines. (biomedcentral.com)
This in turn allows the maternal defense mechanism capabilities to remain intact and simultaneously plays a central role in the maternal adaptation in pregnancy to avoid fetal allograft rejection [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Increased level of hormones (estrogen, progesterone and prolactin) during pregnancy may also contribute to the changes of the maternal immune system. (biomedcentral.com)
ICD-9 code 250 or 249 was used to extract the cases of maternal diabetic retinopathy . (bvsalud.org)
Written by a cadre of experts, the book provides a comprehensive, authoritative, and international view of gestational diabetes mellitus and will be invaluable to maternal-fetal medicine specialists, diabetologists, neonatologists, and a growing number of gynecologists and general physicians concerned with the management of noncommunicable diseases in pregnancy. (routledge.com)
Glycemic Goals in Diabetic Pregnancy and Defining a "Good Control": Maternal and Fetal Perspective. (routledge.com)
Our board-certified maternal fetal medicine (MFM) physicians offer focused care for all phases of high-risk pregnancy from conception through delivery and post-partum care. (uhhospitals.org)
Previous studies had shown that maternal stress during pregnancy affects children's health during childhood. (asu.edu)
The researchers explored the association of asthma in children with maternal anxiety during pregnancy. (asu.edu)
The objective of the present work was to identify the social representations of maternity in women with Diabetes mellitus or valvar heart disease, who had high-risk pregnancy and were hospitalized during a period of the pregnancy for fetal and maternal monitoring. (bvsalud.org)

What causes diabetic retinopathy? (healthlinkbc.ca)

This stage of diabetic retinopathy typically requires urgent treatment. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Blurred vision can happen at any stage of diabetic retinopathy, although it is more likely to occur the longer you have diabetes. (diabetes.ie)

In the initial stages of diabetic retinopathy, patients are generally asymptomatic, but in more advanced stages of the disease patients may experience symptoms that include floaters, distortion, and/or blurred vision. (medscape.com)
In the early stages of diabetic retinopathy, you may have no symptoms and your vision may not change until the disease gets worse. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
You may not notice anything as there may be no symptoms in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy. (diabetes.ie)
In the early stages of diabetic retinopathy, there might be no symptoms at all. (apollospectra.com)

An estimate of the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the United States showed a high prevalence of 28.5% among those with diabetes aged 40 years or older. (medscape.com)

Obesity Versus Glycemic Control: Which Contributes More to Adverse Pregnancy Outcome? (routledge.com)

A study by Ito et al indicated that in patients with type 2 diabetes, the presence of reduced peripheral nerve conduction velocity is associated with the existence of early diabetic retinopathy. (medscape.com)
The report included 42 patients with type 2 diabetes (42 eyes), who had either no diabetic retinopathy or mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. (medscape.com)
The investigators found that the latter group had significantly lower sural sensory conduction velocity and tibial motor conduction velocity than did patients with no diabetic retinopathy, with logistic regression analysis showing these velocities to be independent risk factors for the mild nonproliferative eye disease. (medscape.com)
An estimated 25% of diabetic patients will require surgery. (medscape.com)
Mortality rates in diabetic patients have been estimated to be up to 5 times greater than in nondiabetic patients, often related to the end-organ damage caused by the disease. (medscape.com)
DKA with a relatively low blood sugar levels is called euglycemic DKA, which is a rare entity and reported usually in type I diabetic patients. (sjkdt.org)
https://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/The-Rh-Factor-How-It-Can-Affect-Your-Pregnancy. (medhelp.org)
diabetics type 2 diabetes range drugs and how they work to help patients type 2 diabetes range with diabetes. (ntla.info)
type 2 diabetes medications pregnancy blood sugar levels high names and a large type 2 diabetes range parent diet that is the first three certain diet issue for patients with diabetes. (ntla.info)
Diabetic retinopathy was present in 1233 of the patients with DM. (bvsalud.org)
IMSEAR at SEARO: The effect of pre-pregnancy weight on delivery outcome and birth weight in potential diabetic patients with normal screening for gestational diabetes mellitus in Siriraj Hospital. (who.int)
Our country is the diabetic capital of the world, with over half of the diabetic patients having uncontrolled diabetes. (indiatimes.com)
A preoperative assessment is advised for some diabetic patients to confirm they are appropriate candidates for surgery. (medtronic.com)
Adverse events may result in fluctuations in blood glucose in diabetic patients. (medtronic.com)
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) pain is a debilitating and progressive neurological disorder that significantly impacts quality of life and functional ability for patients with diabetes. (medtronic.com)
Admit patients for an infected diabetic foot ulcer or gangrene. (medscape.com)
Patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy require more frequent follow-up, with particular attention to foot inspection to reinforce the need for regular self-care. (medscape.com)
The importance of involving a neurologist (preferably with expertise in peripheral neuropathy) in the treatment of patients with diabetic neuropathy cannot be overemphasized. (medscape.com)
Diabetic nephropathy is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and the leading cause of chronic kidney disease in patients starting renal replacement therapy. (jabfm.org)
Diabetic nephropathy develops in about 40% of patients and is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, according to Alicic and colleagues . (medscape.com)
That means those long term diabetic patients who haven't controlled their blood sugar have so much sugar surrounding their nerves that they don't communicate and sometimes can't feel their toes, feet, or legs. (nomonausea.com)
We report three patients who presented with unilateral hip pain that started in the third trimester of pregnancy. (aott.org.tr)
natural remedies for diabetics ketoacidosis, and then the results of all patients with T2D, certainly, and they become the current herbal remedies for diabetes diets. (dox-box.org)
Methods: This was a retrospective study involving 29 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate defects, of whom 13 were treated with palatal devices with nasal stents (PNAM group) and 16 were treated with palatal devices without nasal stents or SUCCESSFUL PREGNANCY IN A PATIENT WITH TAKAYASUS ARTERITIS This report describes a case of Takayasus arteritis in a 19-year-old Palestinian female. (archivebay.com)

Aggressive treatment of the nephropathy may slow progression of diabetic retinopathy and neovascular glaucoma. (medscape.com)
Diabetic nephropathy. (empr.com)
To evaluate the association between vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency with diabetic nephropathy across racial/ethnic groups. (jabfm.org)
Further studies of this relationship may lead to new interventions that decrease health disparities in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. (jabfm.org)
1 Racial and ethnic differences exist in the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy. (jabfm.org)
2 Thus, reasons for the racial/ethnic disparities seen in diabetic nephropathy are unclear. (jabfm.org)
A factor that may impact the differential development of diabetic nephropathy is vitamin D. The role of the kidney in the hydroxylation of the vitamin D metabolite 25-hydroxycalciferol (25-OH-D) from the liver to the biologically active form of 1,25(OH)2D3 is well established. (jabfm.org)
animal studies suggest that receptor-mediated vitamin D actions have a renoprotective role in diabetic nephropathy. (jabfm.org)
Learn more about diabetic nephropathy treatment and management. (medscape.com)

Progression of diabetic retinopathy occurs at least temporarily during pregnancy. (biomedcentral.com)
Considering the present assumption, the gestational immune activation could be suggested as a potential risk factor for the development and progression of retinopathy in diabetic women. (biomedcentral.com)
The Early Treatment for Diabetic Retinopathy Study found that 650 mg of aspirin daily did not offer any benefit in preventing the progression of diabetes mellitus retinopathy. (medscape.com)
Treatment largely depends on the type of diabetic retinopathy and its severity and is designed to slow or stop the progression. (apollospectra.com)
list of new diabetes medications Surgery can lead to the progression of age-diabetic, high-risk blood glucose levels, and cholesterol levels. (stylemart.sg)

An eye examination by an eye specialist (ophthalmologist or optometrist) is the only way to detect diabetic retinopathy. (healthlinkbc.ca)
Regular eye screening is the best way to detect diabetic retinopathy before you notice any changes in your sight. (diabetes.ie)

The longer you have diabetes, the more likely you are to develop diabetic retinopathy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Could I develop diabetic retinopathy? (diabetes.ie)
Anyone with diabetes can develop diabetic retinopathy. (diabetes.ie)

Early-stage: You may not need immediate treatment if you have mild to moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. (apollospectra.com)

A better understanding of immunomodulatory effects of pregnancy on diabetic retinopathy pave the way for further investigations of the mechanism of its pathogenesis and could be essential for novel approaches to the treatment of this serious sight threatening complication of diabetes mellitus. (biomedcentral.com)
Diabetic retinopathy is a serious sight-threatening complication of diabetes that can lead to blindness. (optometrists.org)

A fetus (baby) of a mother with diabetes may be exposed to high blood sugar (glucose) levels, and high levels of other nutrients, throughout the pregnancy. (medlineplus.gov)
A 37-year-old Saudi female patient known to have type II diabetes developed euglycemic [blood glucose level 4.3 mmol/L (78 mg/dl)] DKA while in her fifth pregnancy. (sjkdt.org)
The maximum of diabetes type 2 diabetes range occurs by it means that the diet is pregnancy blood sugar levels high not to don't type 2 diabetes management produce enough blood glucose at the range. (ntla.info)
To make sure you stay healthy, pregnant women with diabetes will have their blood glucose levels monitored by their health care provider throughout their pregnancy. (pregnancy-info.net)
In diabetics, this process does not work properly, causing a buildup of glucose in the blood. (rxlist.com)
The cells don't get the glucose they need, causing a buildup of glucose in the blood (high blood sugar) that can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis , a condition in which the glucose level is very high and acid builds up in the body. (rxlist.com)
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of pre-pregnancy weight on delivery outcome and birth weight in potential diabetic women with normal glucose tolerance. (who.int)
They all had the known pre-pregnancy weight and were at risk of gestational diabetes with the normal glucose tolerance. (who.int)
Another common and widely used example is a blood glucose test or diabetic test strips. (mactac.com)
This does not include either symptomatic diabetes or GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE induced by pregnancy (DIABETES, GESTATIONAL) which resolves at the end of pregnancy. (bvsalud.org)
In diabetics,high urine glucose content and defective host immune factors predispose to infection. (medscape.com)

An ever-increasing number of women with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are going through pregnancy and, with the current epidemic of obesity, more women are being diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). (rcpe.ac.uk)
The Textbook of Diabetes and Pregnancy presents a comprehensive review of the science, clinical management, and medical implications of gestational diabetes mellitus, a condition with serious consequences that is on the increase in all developed societies. (routledge.com)
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Multiple Pregnancies. (routledge.com)
Now for gestational diabetes it's transient and only during pregnancy but if you have Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (abbreviated GDM) you have a 50% chance of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. (nomonausea.com)

In a recent study a low-carb diet (less than 20 grams of carb a day) was tested in a group of obese type 2 diabetics. (drbriffa.com)
Role of Bariatric Surgery in Obese Women Planning Pregnancy. (routledge.com)
It is more common in standing occupations, with increased risk among older people, women (particularly related to pregnancy), smokers, obese individuals, and those with family history, prior leg injury or surgery. (cdc.gov)
Before the child is delivered, obese women have higher chance of being a diabetic. (nightsex.org)

Fundus photograph of early background diabetic retinopathy showing multiple microaneurysms. (medscape.com)

Furthermore, certain increased cytokines are known to cause blood-retinal-barrier breakdown whilst others promote angiogenic and fibrovascular proliferation and thereby can also be implicated in the pathogenesis of this diabetic complication. (biomedcentral.com)
Diabetic retinopathy is a common and progressive microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and the leading cause of new blindness in the working age population in developed countries [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Diabetic retinopathy is a common microvascular complication of diabetes. (bvsalud.org)

How is diabetic retinopathy diagnosed? (healthlinkbc.ca)

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A total of 5,089 type 1 diabetic pregnancies and 1,260,207 control pregnancies were included. (diabetesjournals.org)
The eightfold increased risk for fetal macrosomia in type 1 diabetic pregnancies is unexpected and warrants further investigation. (diabetesjournals.org)
Accordingly, the aim of the St. Vincent Declaration from 1989 ( 9 ), i.e., to abolish the overt risks associated with pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes by the end of the last century, has not been achieved. (diabetesjournals.org)
Are type 2 diabetics out-of-control, chip-eating couch potatoes? (diabeticmommy.com)
Objective: The first aim of this study was to assess 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) concentrations in women with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) during pregnancy, post-delivery and also foetal (cord blood) 25OHD concentrations and to examine relationships between these. (qub.ac.uk)
I am now a healthy 26 year old type 1 diabetic! (thediabeticjourney.com)
To the pregnant type 1 diabetic , constantly worrying about your blood sugars and worrying that you are going to do something wrong. (thediabeticjourney.com)
Euglycemic DKA should be considered in type II diabetics during pregnancy and treated promptly. (sjkdt.org)
Gestational Diabetes Diet Meal Plan Diabetic Diet Diabetes Daily Diet Plan Type 2 In Us If you or someone you know has been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, it's time to get the facts. (diabetessymptomseducation.com)
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About 5% to 10% of women who have had gestational diabetes go on to develop Type 2 diabetes after pregnancy. (pregnancy-info.net)
The study randomised other type 2 diabetics to another diet, this one being based on foods of low glycaemic index (GI), and restricted in calories (individuals were to eat 500 calories less per day than would be required to maintain their weight). (drbriffa.com)
I see these results as pretty astounding: almost all the type 2 diabetics on the low carb regime were able to kiss goodbye to their meds. (drbriffa.com)
Now that you know how helpful metformin can be for both type 2 diabetes and PCOS, you'll be happy to know that it's generally considered safe to take during pregnancy. (healthline.com)
The opportunity of acquiring type 2 diabetes later in life is increased for ladies who had gestational diabetes during pregnancy. (spagati.com)
Gestational diabetes, also known as pregnancy diabetes, is a type of diabetes that is first seen during pregnancy in a woman who did not have diabetes before. (nomonausea.com)
If your blood sugar comes back at 200 or more, you have type 2 diabetes (notice I said YOU have type 2 not just because of your pregnancy. (nomonausea.com)
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Evaluation of Inflammatory Marker hsCRP, MDA, HbA1c and Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects: A Comparative Study. (aimdrjournal.com)

However, the presence of diabetic retinopathy in women with DM did not increase the risk of the fetus being small at delivery, having intrauterine fetal demise , or congenital anomalies. (bvsalud.org)
Cholera infections during pregnancy are associated with high rates of fetal death, especially when women are severely dehydrated ( 1 - 7 ). (cdc.gov)
Specifically, after Plowman v. FMCH, a woman could sue for wrongful birth if she believed that her physicians failed to disclose evidence of fetal abnormalities that may have prompted her to terminate the pregnancy. (asu.edu)
DHA is one of the primary building elements of the cellular membrane and is required to create fresh tissue, particularly for the fetal growth of the brain, nervous system, and retina, all of which continue to evolve within the first pregnancy months [ 9 ]. (carnivorestyle.com)

Consider any patient with clinical evidence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy to be at risk for foot ulceration, and provide education on foot care. (medscape.com)
Have you ever heard of diabetic peripheral neuropathy? (nomonausea.com)

Diabetic Retinopathy is a disease of the retina caused by damage to the blood vessels supplying oxygen to it as a result of diabetic mellitus. (krishnaeyecentre.com)
The state of PREGNANCY in women with DIABETES MELLITUS . (bvsalud.org)

Diabetic retinopathy occurs in four stages and can progress rapidly if not treated and monitored properly. (optometrists.org)
Diabetic retinopathy is a condition that occurs when diabetes affects the blood vessels and nerve tissue in the retina. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Gestational diabetes occurs in 7% of all pregnancies, and it has been said that that number is under represented. (nomonausea.com)

Pregnancy for most women is a happy, gleeful, carefree time. (diabeticmommy.com)
The current study is the first to measure 25OHD levels throughout pregnancy post-delivery, and in cord blood in T1DM women. (qub.ac.uk)
We hypothesized that the activation of the immune system during gestation may have an influence on the course of retinopathy in pregnant diabetic women. (biomedcentral.com)
The first study would include a group of non-pregnant women and a group of diabetic women undergoing normal pregnancy matched for age and duration of diabetes. (biomedcentral.com)
In the second study pregnant women would be divided into two groups: one with normal pregnancy and the other with preeclampsia. (biomedcentral.com)
do you know pregnancy women diabetic remedy? (instanews.city)
When the diabetic control of a pregnant women and the adequate nutrition of her foetus are in conflict, the needs of the foetus must take precedence. (youngandblissful.com)
Also, babies born to diabetic women had twice the rate of major birth defects , like defects in the heart and nervous systems, than in the average population. (pregnancy-info.net)
Women with poor diabetic control have a 6% to10 % risk of giving birth to babies with birth defects. (pregnancy-info.net)
Intrauterine devices and subdermal birth control implants can reduce the risk of heart events in diabetic women. (medindia.net)
A new research published in the Diabetes Care found that diabetic women who use hormonal contraceptives such as intrauterine devices (IUDs) and under- the-skin implants were rarely affected with stroke and heart attacks. (medindia.net)
The research study investigated the risks of heart diseases among diabetic women with differing types of hormone birth control devices. (medindia.net)
The findings showed that 72% of diabetic women did not receive any prescription contraception. (medindia.net)
Pregnancy timing is critical for women with diabetes. (medindia.net)
Retrieved on Dec 04, 2022 from https://www.medindia.net/news/healthwatch/hormonal-contraceptives-and-risk-of-heart-diseases-in-diabetic-women-166191-1.htm. (medindia.net)
In addition, in women with DM, the presence of diabetic retinopathy increased the risk of Preterm delivery (p = .002), cesarean section (p hysterectomy (p = .001), and were less likely to have a spontaneous vaginal delivery (p (bvsalud.org)
Women with diabetic retinopathy should be counseled about their increased risk of pregnancy -induced HTN, preeclampsia , premature delivery, cesarean section , transfusion, and hysterectomy . (bvsalud.org)
Any pregnant women without pre-pregnancy weight recorded were excluded from the present study. (who.int)
Preconception care aims to ensure the optimal physical and mental well-being of women and their partners at the onset of and during early pregnancy, to increase the likelihood of a normal pregnancy and the delivery of a healthy infant. (who.int)
The UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) published guidelines restricting the use of sodium valproate in women of childbearing age unless they consented to the pregnancy prevention programme (PPP), receiving counselling by an epilepsy specialist, or meeting exclusion criteria. (rcpe.ac.uk)
The Barbara Peterson Ruhlman Women & Newborn Center at University Hospitals MacDonald Women's Hospital provides exceptional and comprehensive prenatal care coordination for women with high-risk pregnancies and their babies. (uhhospitals.org)
Women with diabetes need to time their pregnancies for a number of reasons. (asianage.com)
Women of childbearing potential must be using adequate measures of contraception (as determined by the Investigator) to avoid pregnancy and should be highly unlikely to conceive during the study period. (druglib.com)
Women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test at screen. (druglib.com)
Some individuals complain of difficulty breathing when wearing an N95 FFR or other protective facemasks, and many pregnant women find that they become somewhat shorter of breath as their pregnancy progresses, causing concern that use of N95 FFRs during pregnancy might make breathing even more difficult and possibly harm the woman and her fetus. (cdc.gov)
In these studies 1,2 NIOSH researchers compared 22 healthy, non-smoking women who were in either their second or third trimesters of pregnancy with 22 healthy, non-smoking, non-pregnant women who were similar in age, height and weight. (cdc.gov)
It is usually seen in middle-aged men and women in the third trimester of pregnancy and is associated with hip pain. (aott.org.tr)

For diabetics, there are three important health problems you should watch out for during your pregnancy: hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis. (pregnancy-info.net)
Master of Science in Demography, statistical analyst term deliveries, which suggests a risk factor for early term delivery in in Maternity Hospital-School Januário Cicco, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, females with pregnancy complicated by hyperglycemia. (bvsalud.org)

Metabolism in Normal Pregnancy. (routledge.com)
I left half way through there's a small risk of certain things happening that are not nice but I will not pen them as I feel it would jinx but I can say babies in the womb with diabetic mothers use their placenta quicker than a normal pregnancy which brings me on to the birth. (collectibulldogs.com)

Diabetic retinopathy happens when high blood sugar damages the tiny blood vessels of the retina. (healthlinkbc.ca)
Diabetic retinopathy is caused by changes in the blood vessels of the retina, the light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the inner eye. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

Example Of A Diabetic Diet Meal Plan Balanced Diet Plan For Diabetes According to the american diabetes association, about 34 million people in the united states - both adults and children - are living with diabetes, and an additional 1.5 million people are diagnosed every year. (diabetessymptomseducation.com)
While this is however, they still have to pregnancy blood sugar levels high achieved metabolic disorder in their diet and lifestyle changes. (ntla.info)
Diet is of vital importance in the management of diabetes in pregnancy and the following principles will help you to plan diets for pregnant diabetics. (youngandblissful.com)
Why should concentrated sweets not be used in the diet of a pregnant diabetic? (youngandblissful.com)
If you are diabetic, you will need to have your blood sugar levels closely monitored and maintain a specific diabetes diet and exercise regimen. (pregnancy-info.net)
Your diet and exercise plan, the fluctuation of your hormones, and morning sickness will all be considered in your health treatment during the course of your pregnancy. (pregnancy-info.net)
Pregnancy Diabetes Diet: Is this of any use Pregnancy Diabetes Diet. (diethealthclub.com)
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In some people with diabetic retinopathy, the blood vessels in the retina may swell and leak fluid. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
As part of Diabetic Retina Screen (The National Diabetic Retinopathy Screening programme), in partnership with NEC Care, our Diabetes Care Centre is a venue where members of the local diabetes community will attend for their eye screen. (diabetes.ie)

An estimated 30 million Americans have diabetes, and approximately 25 to 45 percent of them will develop some form of diabetic eye damage. (optometrists.org)
It is also known as the advanced form of diabetic retinopathy. (apollospectra.com)

One of the most important aspects in the management of diabetic retinopathy is patient education. (medscape.com)
Management of diabetic neuropathy should begin at the initial diagnosis of diabetes. (medscape.com)

Leukocyte-endothelial interaction and the consequent leukostasis with capillary occlusion, ischemia and vascular leakage have a substantial role in the development of diabetic retinopathy. (biomedcentral.com)

Microaneurysms are the earliest clinical sign of diabetic retinopathy. (medscape.com)
In 2009, A. John Henderson and colleagues published "Mothers' Anxiety During Pregnancy Is Associated with Asthma in Their Children," hereafter, "Mothers' Anxiety," in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. (asu.edu)

Surgery, laser treatment, or medicine may help slow the vision loss caused by diabetic retinopathy. (healthlinkbc.ca)
Without proper treatment, diabetic retinopathy can lead to vision loss and even blindness. (optometrists.org)
Treatment for diabetic retinopathy will depend on your symptoms, age and general health. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Take a step forward in diabetic foot pain treatment. (medtronic.com)
Early detection and treatment can help to avoid sight loss from diabetic retinopathy. (diabetes.ie)
Many medications are available for the treatment of diabetic neuropathic pain. (medscape.com)
According to the 2011 guideline issued by the American Academy of Neurology (AAN), American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (AANEM) and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (AAPMR) guideline for the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN), pregabalin is recommended for treatment of diabetic neuropathic pain. (medscape.com)
If you have undergone treatment for diabetic retinopathy, make sure that you do not miss your regular eye exams. (apollospectra.com)
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Despite aggressive medical treatment, cesarean section had to be carried out at 34 weeks of pregnancy because of uncontrolled hypertension. (archivebay.com)

Are You at Risk for Diabetic Eye Damage? (optometrists.org)
Diabetes itself does not cause changes in personality or psychiatric illness, but particular subgroups of the diabetic population appear to be at risk for developing psychosocial problems. (cdc.gov)
While diabetic retinopathy often cannot be completely prevented, you can reduce your risk of having it develop or progress. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Who is at risk for diabetic retinopathy? (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Anyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic retinopathy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Poor blood sugar control in diabetes can make diabetic retinopathy worse and can increase the risk of developing sight problems. (diabetes.ie)
What are the risk factors for diabetic retinopathy? (diabetes.ie)
This is why you take precautions before and during pregnancy to keep your unborn child healthy and reduce the risk of birth defects. (healthline.com)
Risk factors for gestational diabetes include being overweight, having prediabetes, or having developed gestational diabetes in prior pregnancies. (healthline.com)
If you are diabetic, you are at risk. (apollospectra.com)
This makes it obvious that once diabetic, the risk of retinal damage and vision loss remains lifelong. (apollospectra.com)
to the experience of high-risk pregnancy, including hospitalization and the pregnant women's fears in relation to themselves and to their babies. (bvsalud.org)
And your right to think so too, my wife whom is a high risk prem carrier also has pregnancy diabetes! (collectibulldogs.com)

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Most of the time, there are no symptoms of diabetic retinopathy until it starts to change your vision. (healthlinkbc.ca)
These symptoms of diabetes can be treated in which is when pregnancy blood sugar levels high your blood sugar levels can eat, it are important to manage your blood sugar levels and can be too long to control your blood sugar levels. (ntla.info)
What are the symptoms of diabetic retinopathy? (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Diabetic retinopathy may initially cause no symptoms or only minor visual disturbances, but it may cause blindness in the long term. (apollospectra.com)
If you want to learn more about what to expect when you're expecting by trimester, jump over and listen to Pregnancy Pukeology Podcast Episode 20 Pregnancy Symptoms by Trimester . (nomonausea.com)

Comparison of metabolic control among diabetic subjects at two clinics. (cdc.gov)

The primary care physician needs to be alert for the development of neuropathy-or even its presence at the time of initial diabetes diagnosis-because failure to diagnose diabetic polyneuropathy can lead to serious consequences, including disability and amputation. (medscape.com)

Some of these disorders include problems such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, or retinal detachment. (controldiabetesdiet.com)

best diabetics medications for elderly agreement, the strength of the study was used to sugar pills for diabetics conduct our optimum to improve blood pressure. (ntla.info)
These drugs are pregnancy diabetes medications related to other meta-analanaly for the Gestational diabetes diagnosis. (akperbuntetpesantren.ac.id)
Elroy Stoval pointed at the topographic map, Sharie Roberie and Becki Pecora watched with interest, and suddenly saw Rebecka Grisby all diabetes medications reactions of high blood sugar in diabetics too scattered. (craftagile.com)

Compared with what controls your blood sugar be a bit selfish and does not care about the entire demon diabetics pregnancy with high blood sugar. (mareld.se)
There is no personal diabetics pregnancy with high blood sugar and does psyllium lower blood sugar. (mareld.se)
In Max's words, the bloody bourgeoisie is less than In a hundred years, more productive forces have been created than in any previous century, diabetics pregnancy with high blood sugar has nothing to what to do with extremely high blood sugar democratic republics. (mareld.se)
Lin Xian'er's face vitamin shoppe healthy pancreas high blood sugar while, and she slumped her face down, her heart beating unsatisfactorily Lyndia Serna squinted in diabetics pregnancy with high blood sugar kiss, and peeked at Lin Xian'er, who was shy and unlovable. (mareld.se)
If diabetes is not well controlled during pregnancy, the baby is exposed to high blood sugar levels. (medlineplus.gov)
If blood sugar levels stay high, diabetic retinopathy will keep getting worse. (healthlinkbc.ca)
When you have diabetic retinopathy, high blood pressure can make it worse. (healthlinkbc.ca)
Not only does not know what the reason is not only told to see whether they will stop to pregnancy blood sugar levels high eat well. (ntla.info)
Patanjali medicines for blood sugar and diabetes that are designed to be pregnancy blood sugar levels high able to manage diabetes. (ntla.info)
While scientists can begin to a smaller amount of vision, it is important for pregnancy blood sugar levels high diabetes. (ntla.info)
Face, the secondary pregnancy blood sugar levels high strategies is linked to prevent a family history of diabetes. (ntla.info)
It's best to carefully plan pregnancies and ensure that the diabetes is under good control, because high sugars can cause an increased chance of birth defects. (medindia.net)
These health risks exist for all workers who stand for long periods, particularly after many years in such work, but they tend to be especially high among certain demographic/health groups such as diabetics, who have poorer circulation in the extremities, heavier individuals, shorter individuals, and older individuals. (cdc.gov)
Other causes can include very high blood sugar in diabetics or eclampsia during or after pregnancy. (medlineplus.gov)

Current diagnosis with another chronic kidney disease, including diabetic kidney disease. (uclahealth.org)
Get the answers to all your pregnancy diabetes questions in this Pregnancy Pukeology Podcast Episode 30: Gestational Diabetes Management & Diagnosis. (nomonausea.com)

When this happens, diabetic retinopathy is already severe. (healthlinkbc.ca)

Anatomy28

Organisms8

Diseases69

Chemicals and Drugs25

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment68

Psychiatry and Psychology4

Phenomena and Processes61

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science6

Named Groups7

Health Care36

High concentration of glucose decreases glucose transporter-1 expression in mouse placenta in vitro and in vivo. (1/539)

Maternal diabetes mellitus and congenital malformation. Survey of 205 cases. (2/539)

Augmentation of diabetes-associated renal hyperfiltration and nitric oxide production by pregnancy in rats. (3/539)

Long-term neurological dysfunction and neonatal hypoglycaemia after diabetic pregnancy. (4/539)

Intravenous insulin infusion in diabetic emergencies. (5/539)

Pre-conception diabetes care in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. (6/539)

Hyperglycemia-induced vasculopathy in the murine vitelline vasculature: correlation with PECAM-1/CD31 tyrosine phosphorylation state. (7/539)

Effects of overexpression of human GLUT4 gene on maternal diabetes and fetal growth in spontaneous gestational diabetic C57BLKS/J Lepr(db/+) mice. (8/539)

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Outcome

Pregnancy Complications

Pregnancy, Animal

Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic Nephropathies

Pregnancy in Diabetics

Pregnancy, Ectopic

Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental

Pregnancy Trimester, First

Pregnancy Trimester, Third

Pregnancy Rate

Diabetic Angiopathies

Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular

Pregnancy Trimesters

Pregnancy Tests

Diabetic Foot

Pregnancy, Multiple

Pregnancy, Tubal

Pregnancy Trimester, Second

Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic

Pregnancy in Adolescence

Pregnancy Complications, Infectious

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

Abortion, Spontaneous

Pregnancy Proteins

Pregnancy, Unplanned

Streptozocin

Pregnancy, High-Risk

Pregnancy, Unwanted

Gestational Age

Blood Glucose

Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic

Diabetes Mellitus

Infant, Newborn

Placenta

Pre-Eclampsia

Pregnancy, Prolonged

Pregnancy, Twin

Diabetes Complications

Fetal Death

Diabetic Cardiomyopathies

Insulin

Abortion, Induced

Uterus

Pregnancy, Abdominal

Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic

Pregnancy Maintenance

Ultrasonography, Prenatal

Embryo Implantation

Embryo Transfer

Prenatal Care

Fertilization in Vitro

Maternal-Fetal Exchange

Hyperglycemia

Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects

Parity

Birth Weight

Hypoglycemic Agents

Diabetic Diet

Risk Factors

Time Factors

Prospective Studies

Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated

Pregnancy Reduction, Multifetal

Cesarean Section

Maternal Age

Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced

Albuminuria

Fetal Growth Retardation

Diabetes, Gestational

Progesterone

Congenital Abnormalities

Fetus

Premature Birth

Fetal Development

Infertility, Female

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced

Lactation