Predictive value of tests. Medical search

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

A graphic means for assessing the ability of a screening test to discriminate between healthy and diseased persons; may also be used in other studies, e.g., distinguishing stimuli responses as to a faint stimuli or nonstimuli.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

Positive test results in subjects who do not possess the attribute for which the test is conducted. The labeling of healthy persons as diseased when screening in the detection of disease. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Negative test results in subjects who possess the attribute for which the test is conducted. The labeling of diseased persons as healthy when screening in the detection of disease. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

Commercially prepared reagent sets, with accessory devices, containing all of the major components and literature necessary to perform one or more designated diagnostic tests or procedures. They may be for laboratory or personal use.

Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Organized periodic procedures performed on large groups of people for the purpose of detecting disease.

Narrow pieces of material impregnated or covered with a substance used to produce a chemical reaction. The strips are used in detecting, measuring, producing, etc., other substances. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Studies determining the effectiveness or value of processes, personnel, and equipment, or the material on conducting such studies. For drugs and devices, CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; DRUG EVALUATION; and DRUG EVALUATION, PRECLINICAL are available.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

Removal and pathologic examination of specimens in the form of small pieces of tissue from the living body.

Techniques used in studying bacteria.

Compounds that are used in medicine as sources of radiation for radiotherapy and for diagnostic purposes. They have numerous uses in research and industry. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1161)

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.

Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.

The compound is given by intravenous injection to do POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY for the assessment of cerebral and myocardial glucose metabolism in various physiological or pathological states including stroke and myocardial ischemia. It is also employed for the detection of malignant tumors including those of the brain, liver, and thyroid gland. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1162)

Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with the superposition of flow information as colors on a gray scale in a real-time image. This type of ultrasonography is well-suited to identifying the location of high-velocity flow (such as in a stenosis) or of mapping the extent of flow in a certain region.

Incorrect diagnoses after clinical examination or technical diagnostic procedures.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

The failure by the observer to measure or identify a phenomenon accurately, which results in an error. Sources for this may be due to the observer's missing an abnormality, or to faulty technique resulting in incorrect test measurement, or to misinterpretation of the data. Two varieties are inter-observer variation (the amount observers vary from one another when reporting on the same material) and intra-observer variation (the amount one observer varies between observations when reporting more than once on the same material).

An imaging technique using compounds labelled with short-lived positron-emitting radionuclides (such as carbon-11, nitrogen-13, oxygen-15 and fluorine-18) to measure cell metabolism. It has been useful in study of soft tissues such as CANCER; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; and brain. SINGLE-PHOTON EMISSION-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY is closely related to positron emission tomography, but uses isotopes with longer half-lives and resolution is lower.

An infant during the first month after birth.

Using fine needles (finer than 22-gauge) to remove tissue or fluid specimens from the living body for examination in the pathology laboratory and for disease diagnosis.

A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.

Methods to determine in patients the nature of a disease or disorder at its early stage of progression. Generally, early diagnosis improves PROGNOSIS and TREATMENT OUTCOME.

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

Process of substituting a symbol or code for a term such as a diagnosis or procedure. (from Slee's Health Care Terms, 3d ed.)

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

Care given during the period prior to undergoing surgery when psychological and physical preparations are made according to the special needs of the individual patient. This period spans the time between admission to the hospital to the time the surgery begins. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

A system of categories to which morbid entries are assigned according to established criteria. Included is the entire range of conditions in a manageable number of categories, grouped to facilitate mortality reporting. It is produced by the World Health Organization (From ICD-10, p1). The Clinical Modifications, produced by the UNITED STATES DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, are larger extensions used for morbidity and general epidemiological purposes, primarily in the U.S.

Diagnostic procedures, such as laboratory tests and x-rays, routinely performed on all individuals or specified categories of individuals in a specified situation, e.g., patients being admitted to the hospital. These include routine tests administered to neonates.

Radiography of the vascular system of the heart muscle after injection of a contrast medium.

A statistical means of summarizing information from a series of measurements on one individual. It is frequently used in clinical pharmacology where the AUC from serum levels can be interpreted as the total uptake of whatever has been administered. As a plot of the concentration of a drug against time, after a single dose of medicine, producing a standard shape curve, it is a means of comparing the bioavailability of the same drug made by different companies. (From Winslade, Dictionary of Clinical Research, 1992)

The visualization of deep structures of the body by recording the reflections or echoes of ultrasonic pulses directed into the tissues. Use of ultrasound for imaging or diagnostic purposes employs frequencies ranging from 1.6 to 10 megahertz.

Computed tomography where there is continuous X-ray exposure to the patient while being transported in a spiral or helical pattern through the beam of irradiation. This provides improved three-dimensional contrast and spatial resolution compared to conventional computed tomography, where data is obtained and computed from individual sequential exposures.

Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.

Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.

Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the extent of the neoplasm in the patient.

Removal and examination of tissue obtained through a transdermal needle inserted into the specific region, organ, or tissue being analyzed.

Laboratory and other services provided to patients at the bedside. These include diagnostic and laboratory testing using automated information entry.

Soluble protein fragments formed by the proteolytic action of plasmin on fibrin or fibrinogen. FDP and their complexes profoundly impair the hemostatic process and are a major cause of hemorrhage in intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis.

A technique using antibodies for identifying or quantifying a substance. Usually the substance being studied serves as antigen both in antibody production and in measurement of antibody by the test substance.

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

Ultrasonography of internal organs using an ultrasound transducer sometimes mounted on a fiberoptic endoscope. In endosonography the transducer converts electronic signals into acoustic pulses or continuous waves and acts also as a receiver to detect reflected pulses from within the organ. An audiovisual-electronic interface converts the detected or processed echo signals, which pass through the electronics of the instrument, into a form that the technologist can evaluate. The procedure should not be confused with ENDOSCOPY which employs a special instrument called an endoscope. The "endo-" of endosonography refers to the examination of tissue within hollow organs, with reference to the usual ultrasonography procedure which is performed externally or transcutaneously.

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

Application of fingers with light pressure to the surface of the body to determine consistence of parts beneath in physical diagnosis; includes palpation for determining the outlines of organs.

Diagnostic procedures involving immunoglobulin reactions.

Substances used to allow enhanced visualization of tissues.

Disease having a short and relatively severe course.

Diagnosis of the type and, when feasible, the cause of a pathologic process by means of microscopic study of cells in an exudate or other form of body fluid. (Stedman, 26th ed)

The study of chance processes or the relative frequency characterizing a chance process.

A small circumscribed mass in the THYROID GLAND that can be of neoplastic growth or non-neoplastic abnormality. It lacks a well-defined capsule or glandular architecture. Thyroid nodules are often benign but can be malignant. The growth of nodules can lead to a multinodular goiter (GOITER, NODULAR).

Research techniques that focus on study designs and data gathering methods in human and animal populations.

A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function.

A method of computed tomography that uses radionuclides which emit a single photon of a given energy. The camera is rotated 180 or 360 degrees around the patient to capture images at multiple positions along the arc. The computer is then used to reconstruct the transaxial, sagittal, and coronal images from the 3-dimensional distribution of radionuclides in the organ. The advantages of SPECT are that it can be used to observe biochemical and physiological processes as well as size and volume of the organ. The disadvantage is that, unlike positron-emission tomography where the positron-electron annihilation results in the emission of 2 photons at 180 degrees from each other, SPECT requires physical collimation to line up the photons, which results in the loss of many available photons and hence degrades the image.

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY techniques used in the diagnosis of disease.

Application of computer programs designed to assist the physician in solving a diagnostic problem.

Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.

Systematic and thorough inspection of the patient for physical signs of disease or abnormality.

A distribution in which a variable is distributed like the sum of the squares of any given independent random variable, each of which has a normal distribution with mean of zero and variance of one. The chi-square test is a statistical test based on comparison of a test statistic to a chi-square distribution. The oldest of these tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ from one another.

Narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with frequency-shifted ultrasound reflections produced by moving targets (usually red blood cells) in the bloodstream along the ultrasound axis in direct proportion to the velocity of movement of the targets, to determine both direction and velocity of blood flow. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

Methods, procedures, and tests performed to diagnose disease, disordered function, or disability.

Statistical models used in survival analysis that assert that the effect of the study factors on the hazard rate in the study population is multiplicative and does not change over time.

Analyses for a specific enzyme activity, or of the level of a specific enzyme that is used to assess health and disease risk, for early detection of disease or disease prediction, diagnosis, and change in disease status.

Thinly cut sections of frozen tissue specimens prepared with a cryostat or freezing microtome.

The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.

The visualization of tissues during pregnancy through recording of the echoes of ultrasonic waves directed into the body. The procedure may be applied with reference to the mother or the fetus and with reference to organs or the detection of maternal or fetal disease.

Collection of pooled secretions of the posterior vaginal fornix for cytologic examination.

Techniques used to carry out clinical investigative procedures in the diagnosis and therapy of disease.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.

NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).

Transfer of a neoplasm from its primary site to lymph nodes or to distant parts of the body by way of the lymphatic system.

Types of spiral computed tomography technology in which multiple slices of data are acquired simultaneously improving the resolution over single slice acquisition technology.

A nonparametric method of compiling LIFE TABLES or survival tables. It combines calculated probabilities of survival and estimates to allow for observations occurring beyond a measurement threshold, which are assumed to occur randomly. Time intervals are defined as ending each time an event occurs and are therefore unequal. (From Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1995)

A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

The use of combination of imaging techniques or platforms (e.g., MRI SCAN and PET SCAN) encompassing aspects of anatomical, functional, or molecular imaging methods.

The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission.

Recording of pertinent information concerning patient's illness or illnesses.

Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest.

The neck portion of the UTERUS between the lower isthmus and the VAGINA forming the cervical canal.

A plasma protein that circulates in increased amounts during inflammation and after tissue damage.

Examination of urine by chemical, physical, or microscopic means. Routine urinalysis usually includes performing chemical screening tests, determining specific gravity, observing any unusual color or odor, screening for bacteriuria, and examining the sediment microscopically.

Use of ultrasound for imaging the breast. The most frequent application is the diagnosis of neoplasms of the female breast.

Small-scale tests of methods and procedures to be used on a larger scale if the pilot study demonstrates that these methods and procedures can work.

Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

The proportion of survivors in a group, e.g., of patients, studied and followed over a period, or the proportion of persons in a specified group alive at the beginning of a time interval who survive to the end of the interval. It is often studied using life table methods.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

Passive agglutination tests in which antigen is adsorbed onto latex particles which then clump in the presence of antibody specific for the adsorbed antigen. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

Extensive collections, reputedly complete, of facts and data garnered from material of a specialized subject area and made available for analysis and application. The collection can be automated by various contemporary methods for retrieval. The concept should be differentiated from DATABASES, BIBLIOGRAPHIC which is restricted to collections of bibliographic references.

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

A method in which either the observer(s) or the subject(s) is kept ignorant of the group to which the subjects are assigned.

A PEPTIDE that is secreted by the BRAIN and the HEART ATRIA, stored mainly in cardiac ventricular MYOCARDIUM. It can cause NATRIURESIS; DIURESIS; VASODILATION; and inhibits secretion of RENIN and ALDOSTERONE. It improves heart function. It contains 32 AMINO ACIDS.

The genital canal in the female, extending from the UTERUS to the VULVA. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used.

A range of values for a variable of interest, e.g., a rate, constructed so that this range has a specified probability of including the true value of the variable.

An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.

A class of statistical methods applicable to a large set of probability distributions used to test for correlation, location, independence, etc. In most nonparametric statistical tests, the original scores or observations are replaced by another variable containing less information. An important class of nonparametric tests employs the ordinal properties of the data. Another class of tests uses information about whether an observation is above or below some fixed value such as the median, and a third class is based on the frequency of the occurrence of runs in the data. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1284; Corsini, Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1987, p764-5)

Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.

Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.

The presence of bacteria in the urine which is normally bacteria-free. These bacteria are from the URINARY TRACT and are not contaminants of the surrounding tissues. Bacteriuria can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Significant bacteriuria is an indicator of urinary tract infection.

Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.

A common gynecologic disorder characterized by an abnormal, nonbloody discharge from the genital tract.

A method of delineating blood vessels by subtracting a tissue background image from an image of tissue plus intravascular contrast material that attenuates the X-ray photons. The background image is determined from a digitized image taken a few moments before injection of the contrast material. The resulting angiogram is a high-contrast image of the vessel. This subtraction technique allows extraction of a high-intensity signal from the superimposed background information. The image is thus the result of the differential absorption of X-rays by different tissues.

Type species of CHLAMYDIA causing a variety of ocular and urogenital diseases.

Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA.

Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect combined with real-time imaging. The real-time image is created by rapid movement of the ultrasound beam. A powerful advantage of this technique is the ability to estimate the velocity of flow from the Doppler shift frequency.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Non-invasive imaging methods based on the mechanical response of an object to a vibrational or impulsive force. It is used for determining the viscoelastic properties of tissue, and thereby differentiating soft from hard inclusions in tissue such as microcalcifications, and some cancer lesions. Most techniques use ultrasound to create the images - eliciting the response with an ultrasonic radiation force and/or recording displacements of the tissue by Doppler ultrasonography.

The sorting out and classification of patients or casualties to determine priority of need and proper place of treatment.

A form of fluorescent antibody technique utilizing a fluorochrome conjugated to an antibody, which is added directly to a tissue or cell suspension for the detection of a specific antigen. (Bennington, Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)

Criteria and standards used for the determination of the appropriateness of the inclusion of patients with specific conditions in proposed treatment plans and the criteria used for the inclusion of subjects in various clinical trials and other research protocols.

The ratio of two odds. The exposure-odds ratio for case control data is the ratio of the odds in favor of exposure among cases to the odds in favor of exposure among noncases. The disease-odds ratio for a cohort or cross section is the ratio of the odds in favor of disease among the exposed to the odds in favor of disease among the unexposed. The prevalence-odds ratio refers to an odds ratio derived cross-sectionally from studies of prevalent cases.

Carbohydrate antigen most commonly seen in tumors of the ovary and occasionally seen in breast, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract tumors and normal tissue. CA 125 is clearly tumor-associated but not tumor-specific.

Non-invasive method of vascular imaging and determination of internal anatomy without injection of contrast media or radiation exposure. The technique is used especially in CEREBRAL ANGIOGRAPHY as well as for studies of other vascular structures.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system.

Studies to determine the advantages or disadvantages, practicability, or capability of accomplishing a projected plan, study, or project.

A membrane in the midline of the THORAX of mammals. It separates the lungs between the STERNUM in front and the VERTEBRAL COLUMN behind. It also surrounds the HEART, TRACHEA, ESOPHAGUS, THYMUS, and LYMPH NODES.

Material coughed up from the lungs and expectorated via the mouth. It contains MUCUS, cellular debris, and microorganisms. It may also contain blood or pus.

Radiographic examination of the breast.

The middle third of a human PREGNANCY, from the beginning of the 15th through the 28th completed week (99 to 196 days) of gestation.

One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex. It is a cardiac-specific protein that binds to TROPOMYOSIN. It is released from damaged or injured heart muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Defects in the gene encoding troponin T result in FAMILIAL HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY.

The prediction or projection of the nature of future problems or existing conditions based upon the extrapolation or interpretation of existing scientific data or by the application of scientific methodology.

Period after successful treatment in which there is no appearance of the symptoms or effects of the disease.

A graphic device used in decision analysis, series of decision options are represented as branches (hierarchical).

A malignancy arising in uterine cervical epithelium and confined thereto, representing a continuum of histological changes ranging from well-differentiated CIN 1 (formerly, mild dysplasia) to severe dysplasia/carcinoma in situ, CIN 3. The lesion arises at the squamocolumnar cell junction at the transformation zone of the endocervical canal, with a variable tendency to develop invasive epidermoid carcinoma, a tendency that is enhanced by concomitant human papillomaviral infection. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)

A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria that produces TUBERCULOSIS in humans, other primates, CATTLE; DOGS; and some other animals which have contact with humans. Growth tends to be in serpentine, cordlike masses in which the bacilli show a parallel orientation.

The use of instrumentation and techniques for visualizing material and details that cannot be seen by the unaided eye. It is usually done by enlarging images, transmitted by light or electron beams, with optical or magnetic lenses that magnify the entire image field. With scanning microscopy, images are generated by collecting output from the specimen in a point-by-point fashion, on a magnified scale, as it is scanned by a narrow beam of light or electrons, a laser, a conductive probe, or a topographical probe.

A peptide hormone that lowers calcium concentration in the blood. In humans, it is released by thyroid cells and acts to decrease the formation and absorptive activity of osteoclasts. Its role in regulating plasma calcium is much greater in children and in certain diseases than in normal adults.

A nonreassuring fetal status (NRFS) indicating that the FETUS is compromised (American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists 1988). It can be identified by sub-optimal values in FETAL HEART RATE; oxygenation of FETAL BLOOD; and other parameters.

Pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues.

Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.

Procedures for collecting, preserving, and transporting of specimens sufficiently stable to provide accurate and precise results suitable for clinical interpretation.

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

Immunologic techniques involved in diagnosis.

A technetium imaging agent used to reveal blood-starved cardiac tissue during a heart attack.

Mathematical or statistical procedures used as aids in making a decision. They are frequently used in medical decision-making.

Studies in which variables relating to an individual or group of individuals are assessed over a period of time.

A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)

X-ray visualization of the chest and organs of the thoracic cavity. It is not restricted to visualization of the lungs.

Methods to identify and characterize cancer in the early stages of disease and predict tumor behavior.

MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.

Inflammation of the throat (PHARYNX).

Methods developed to aid in the interpretation of ultrasound, radiographic images, etc., for diagnosis of disease.

The local recurrence of a neoplasm following treatment. It arises from microscopic cells of the original neoplasm that have escaped therapeutic intervention and later become clinically visible at the original site.

Appendages of the UTERUS which include the FALLOPIAN TUBES, the OVARY, and the supporting ligaments of the uterus (BROAD LIGAMENT; ROUND LIGAMENT).

The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated as the time from the last day of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization.

An assisted reproductive technique that includes the direct handling and manipulation of oocytes and sperm to achieve fertilization in vitro.

A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.

Colorless, endogenous or exogenous pigment precursors that may be transformed by biological mechanisms into colored compounds; used in biochemical assays and in diagnosis as indicators, especially in the form of enzyme substrates. Synonym: chromogens (not to be confused with pigment-synthesizing bacteria also called chromogens).

An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.

A potentially life-threatening condition in which EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occurs outside the cavity of the UTERUS. Most ectopic pregnancies (>96%) occur in the FALLOPIAN TUBES, known as TUBAL PREGNANCY. They can be in other locations, such as UTERINE CERVIX; OVARY; and abdominal cavity (PREGNANCY, ABDOMINAL).

Hospital department responsible for the administration and provision of immediate medical or surgical care to the emergency patient.

Pathological processes of the BREAST.

The distal segment of the LARGE INTESTINE, between the SIGMOID COLON and the ANAL CANAL.

The identification of selected parameters in newborn infants by various tests, examinations, or other procedures. Screening may be performed by clinical or laboratory measures. A screening test is designed to sort out healthy neonates (INFANT, NEWBORN) from those not well, but the screening test is not intended as a diagnostic device, rather instead as epidemiologic.

Acquiring information from a patient on past medical conditions and treatments.

Country located in EUROPE. It is bordered by the NORTH SEA, BELGIUM, and GERMANY. Constituent areas are Aruba, Curacao, Sint Maarten, formerly included in the NETHERLANDS ANTILLES.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

Diagnostic, therapeutic, and investigative procedures prescribed and performed by health professionals, the results of which do not justify the benefits or hazards and costs to the patient.

The examination, therapy or surgery of the cervix and vagina by means of a specially designed endoscope introduced vaginally.

Improvement of the quality of a picture by various techniques, including computer processing, digital filtering, echocardiographic techniques, light and ultrastructural MICROSCOPY, fluorescence spectrometry and microscopy, scintigraphy, and in vitro image processing at the molecular level.

A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.

Statistical formulations or analyses which, when applied to data and found to fit the data, are then used to verify the assumptions and parameters used in the analysis. Examples of statistical models are the linear model, binomial model, polynomial model, two-parameter model, etc.

The probability that an event will occur. It encompasses a variety of measures of the probability of a generally unfavorable outcome.

The presence of white blood cells (LEUKOCYTES) in the urine. It is often associated with bacterial infections of the urinary tract. Pyuria without BACTERIURIA can be caused by TUBERCULOSIS, stones, or cancer.

Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.

Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.

Methods and procedures for the diagnosis of conditions related to pregnancy, labor, and the puerperium and of diseases of the female genitalia. It includes also demonstration of genital and pregnancy physiology.

A non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiological procedures.

Application of tests and examinations to identify visual defects or vision disorders occurring in specific populations, as in school children, the elderly, etc. It is differentiated from VISION TESTS, which are given to evaluate/measure individual visual performance not related to a specific population.

Liquid by-product of excretion produced in the kidneys, temporarily stored in the bladder until discharge through the URETHRA.

Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS.

Bleeding from blood vessels in the UTERUS, sometimes manifested as vaginal bleeding.

Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the anterior superior mediastinum of the thorax.

The number of WHITE BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in venous BLOOD. A differential leukocyte count measures the relative numbers of the different types of white cells.

Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the interior of the uterus.

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

The continuous measurement of physiological processes, blood pressure, heart rate, renal output, reflexes, respiration, etc., in a patient or experimental animal; includes pharmacologic monitoring, the measurement of administered drugs or their metabolites in the blood, tissues, or urine.

Radiography of blood vessels after injection of a contrast medium.

Computer-based systems for input, storage, display, retrieval, and printing of information contained in a patient's medical record.

The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.

Validation of the Rockall risk scoring system in upper gastrointestinal bleeding. (1/30648)

BACKGROUND: Several scoring systems have been developed to predict the risk of rebleeding or death in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). These risk scoring systems have not been validated in a new patient population outside the clinical context of the original study. AIMS: To assess internal and external validity of a simple risk scoring system recently developed by Rockall and coworkers. METHODS: Calibration and discrimination were assessed as measures of validity of the scoring system. Internal validity was assessed using an independent, but similar patient sample studied by Rockall and coworkers, after developing the scoring system (Rockall's validation sample). External validity was assessed using patients admitted to several hospitals in Amsterdam (Vreeburg's validation sample). Calibration was evaluated by a chi2 goodness of fit test, and discrimination was evaluated by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS: Calibration indicated a poor fit in both validation samples for the prediction of rebleeding (p<0.0001, Vreeburg; p=0.007, Rockall), but a better fit for the prediction of mortality in both validation samples (p=0.2, Vreeburg; p=0.3, Rockall). The areas under the ROC curves were rather low in both validation samples for the prediction of rebleeding (0.61, Vreeburg; 0.70, Rockall), but higher for the prediction of mortality (0.73, Vreeburg; 0.81, Rockall). CONCLUSIONS: The risk scoring system developed by Rockall and coworkers is a clinically useful scoring system for stratifying patients with acute UGIB into high and low risk categories for mortality. For the prediction of rebleeding, however, the performance of this scoring system was unsatisfactory. (+info)

Predicting delayed anxiety and depression in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. (2/30648)

The aim of this study was to examine the possibility of predicting anxiety and depression 6 months after a cancer diagnosis on the basis of measures of anxiety, depression, coping and subjective distress associated with the diagnosis and to explore the possibility of identifying individual patients with high levels of delayed anxiety and depression associated with the diagnosis. A consecutive series of 159 patients with gastrointestinal cancer were interviewed in connection with the diagnosis, 3 months (non-cured patients only) and 6 months later. The interviews utilized structured questionnaires assessing anxiety and depression [Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale], coping [Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MAC) scale] and subjective distress [Impact of Event (IES) scale]. Patient anxiety and depression close to the diagnosis were found to explain approximately 35% of the variance in anxiety and depression that was found 6 months later. The addition of coping and subjective distress measures did little to improve that prediction. A model using (standardized) cut-off scores of moderate to high anxiety, depression (HAD) and intrusive thoughts (IES subscale) close to the diagnosis to identify patients at risk for delayed anxiety and depression achieved a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 98%. Levels of anxiety and depression at diagnosis predicted a similar status 6 months later. The results also indicated that the HAD scale in combination with the IES intrusion subscale may be used as a tool for detecting patients at risk of delayed anxiety and depression. (+info)

Immunocytochemically detected free peritoneal tumour cells (FPTC) are a strong prognostic factor in gastric carcinoma. (3/30648)

We prospectively investigated the prognostic significance of free peritoneal tumour cells (FPTC) in a series of 118 patients with completely resected gastric carcinoma. Immunocytochemistry with the monoclonal antibody Ber-Ep4 was performed on cytospins from intraoperative peritoneal lavage specimens. Twenty-three patients (20%) had FPTC which was significantly correlated with pT and pN categories, stage, tumour size, lymphatic invasion, Lauren and WHO classifications and perigastric adipose tissue metastases. The median survival time for all FPTC positive compared with negative patients was significantly shorter (11 compared with >72 months), with estimated 5-year survival rates of 8% vs. 60%. None of the patients with FPTC had an early gastric cancer. In advanced tumour subgroups without and with serosal invasion (n = 59 and 35), there were 19% and 34% with FPTC. Multivariate survival analysis showed nodal status, FPTC, mesenteric lymphangiosis, and lymph node metastasis to the compartment III to be independent prognostic factors with relative risks of 6.6, 4.5, 2.9 and 2.2 respectively. Recurrent disease occurred in 91% of FPTC-positive and in 38% of FPTC-negative patients. FPTC had a positive predictive value of 91% and a specificity of 97% for tumour recurrence. FPTC is a strong negative, independent prognostic indicator for survival in gastric carcinoma. (+info)

Profound variation in dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity in human blood cells: major implications for the detection of partly deficient patients. (4/30648)

Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is responsible for the breakdown of the widely used antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil (5FU), thereby limiting the efficacy of the therapy. To identify patients suffering from a complete or partial DPD deficiency, the activity of DPD is usually determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM cells). In this study, we demonstrated that the highest activity of DPD was found in monocytes followed by that of lymphocytes, granulocytes and platelets, whereas no significant activity of DPD could be detected in erythrocytes. The activity of DPD in PBM cells proved to be intermediate compared with the DPD activity observed in monocytes and lymphocytes. The mean percentage of monocytes in the PBM cells obtained from cancer patients proved to be significantly higher than that observed in PBM cells obtained from healthy volunteers. Moreover, a profound positive correlation was observed between the DPD activity of PBM cells and the percentage of monocytes, thus introducing a large inter- and intrapatient variability in the activity of DPD and hindering the detection of patients with a partial DPD deficiency. (+info)

Prognostic value of myocardial perfusion imaging in patients with high exercise tolerance. (5/30648)

BACKGROUND: Although high exercise tolerance is associated with an excellent prognosis, the significance of abnormal myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in patients with high exercise tolerance has not been established. This study retrospectively compares the utility of MPI and exercise ECG (EECG) in these patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Of 388 consecutive patients who underwent exercise MPI and reached at least Bruce stage IV, 157 (40.5%) had abnormal results and 231 (59.5%) had normal results. Follow-up was performed at 18+/-2.7 months. Adverse events, including revascularization, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death, occurred in 40 patients. Nineteen patients had revascularization related to the MPI results or the patient's condition at the time of MPI and were not included in further analysis. Seventeen patients (12.2%) with abnormal MPI and 4 (1.7%) with normal MPI had adverse cardiac events (P<0.001). Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis showed that MPI was an excellent predictor of cardiac events (global chi2=13.2; P<0.001; relative risk=8; 95% CI=3 to 23) but EECG had no predictive power (global chi2=0.05; P=0.8; relative risk=1; 95% CI=0.4 to 3.0). The addition of Duke's treadmill score risk categories did not improve the predictive power of EECG (global chi2=0.17). The predictive power of the combination of EECG (including Duke score categories) and MPI was no better than that of MPI alone (global chi2=13.5). CONCLUSIONS: Unlike EECG, MPI is an excellent prognostic indicator for adverse cardiac events in patients with known or suspected CAD and high exercise tolerance. (+info)

Usefulness of fractional flow reserve to predict clinical outcome after balloon angioplasty. (6/30648)

BACKGROUND: After regular coronary balloon angioplasty, it would be helpful to identify those patients who have a low cardiac event rate. Coronary angiography alone is not sensitive enough for that purpose, but it has been suggested that the combination of optimal angiographic and optimal functional results indicates a low restenosis chance. Pressure-derived myocardial fractional flow reserve (FFR) is an index of the functional severity of the residual epicardial lesion and could be useful for that purpose. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 60 consecutive patients with single-vessel disease, balloon angioplasty was performed by use of a pressure instead of a regular guide wire. Both quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) and measurement of FFR were performed 15 minutes after the procedure. A successful angioplasty result, defined as a residual diameter stenosis (DS) <50%, was achieved in 58 patients. In these patients, DS and FFR, measured 15 minutes after PTCA, were analyzed in relation to clinical outcome. In those 26 patients with both optimal angiographic (residual DS by QCA /=0.90) results, event-free survival rates at 6, 12, and 24 months were 92+/-5%, 92+/-5%, and 88+/-6%, respectively, versus 72+/-8%, 69+/-8%, and 59+/-9%, respectively, in the remaining 32 patients in whom the angiographic or functional result or both were suboptimal (P=0.047, P=0.028, and P=0.014, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with a residual DS /=0.90, clinical outcome up to 2 years is excellent. Therefore, there is a complementary value of coronary angiography and coronary pressure measurement in the evaluation of PTCA result. (+info)

The clinical utility of CMV surveillance cultures and antigenemia following bone marrow transplantation. (7/30648)

At our institution, the cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis protocol for allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients who are CMV-seropositive or receive marrow from a CMV-seropositive donor consists of a surveillance bronchoscopy approximately 35 days posttransplant. Patients with a positive surveillance bronchoscopy for CMV receive pre-emptive ganciclovir. In order to determine the utility of other screening methods for CMV, we prospectively performed weekly CMV antigenemia, and blood, urine and throat cultures from time of engraftment to day 120 post-BMT in 126 consecutive patients. Pre-emptive ganciclovir was given to 11/81 patients (13.6%) because of a positive surveillance bronchoscopy for CMV. Results of CMV blood, urine and throat cultures and the antigenemia assay done prior to or at the time of the surveillance bronchoscopy were analyzed for their ability to predict the bronchoscopy result. The antigenemia test had the highest positive and negative predictive values (72% and 96%, respectively). The ability of these tests to predict CMV disease was evaluated in the 70 patients with a negative surveillance bronchoscopy who did not receive pre-emptive ganciclovir. Of 19 cases of active CMV disease, CMV antigenemia was positive in 15 patients (79%) a mean of 34 days preceding symptoms. Blood cultures were positive in 14/19 patients (74%) a mean of 31 days before onset of disease. CMV antigenemia is useful for predicting the surveillance bronchoscopy result, and also predicts the development of CMV disease in the majority of patients missed by the surveillance bronchoscopy. (+info)

Immunologic proliferation marker Ki-S2 as prognostic indicator for lymph node-negative breast cancer. (8/30648)

BACKGROUND: Proper treatment of lymph node-negative breast cancer depends on an accurate prognosis. To improve prognostic models for this disease, we evaluated whether an immunohistochemical marker for proliferating cells, Ki-S2 (a monoclonal antibody that binds to a 100-kd nuclear protein expressed in S, G2, and M phases of the cell cycle), is an accurate indicator of prognosis. METHODS: We studied 371 Swedish women with lymph node-negative breast cancer; the median follow-up time was 95 months. The fraction of tumor cells in S phase was assessed by flow cytometry, and tumor cell proliferation was measured immunohistochemically with the monoclonal antibodies Ki-S2 and Ki-S5 (directed against the nuclear antigen Ki-67). A combined prognostic index was calculated on the basis of the S-phase fraction, progesterone receptor content, and tumor size. RESULTS: In multivariate analyses that did or did not (263 and 332 observations, respectively) include the S-phase fraction and the combined prognostic index, the Ki-S2 labeling index (percentage of antibody-stained tumor cell nuclei) emerged as the most statistically significant predictor of overall survival, disease-specific survival, and disease-free survival (all two-sided P<.0001). In the risk group defined by a Ki-S2 labeling index of 10% or less, life expectancy was not statistically significantly different from that of age-matched women without breast cancer, whereas the group with a high Ki-S2 labeling index had an increased risk of mortality of up to 20-fold. CONCLUSIONS: Cellular proliferation is a major determinant of the biologic behavior of breast cancer. Prognosis is apparently best indicated by the percentage of cells in S through M phases of the cell cycle. Measurement of the Ki-S2 labeling index of a tumor sample may improve a clinician's ability to make an accurate prognosis and to identify patients with a low risk of recurrence who may not need adjuvant therapy. (+info)

Positive predictive value Negative predictive value "Predictive Value of Tests - MeSH - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved ... For example, for positive or negative test, the predictive values are termed positive predictive value or negative predictive ... Predictive value of tests is the probability of a target condition given by the result of a test, often in regard to medical ... In cases where the test result is of a continuous value, the predictive value generally changes continuously along with the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictive_value_of_tests

... "predictive power of test scores has gone up," the report adds, "the predictive power of high school grades has gone down." Test ... time-limited tests, or multiple-choice tests. A standardized test may be any type of test: a written test, an oral test, or a ... A criterion-referenced test (CRT) is a style of test which uses test scores to show whether or not test takers performed well ... one or two math tests, a writing test, a science test, etc.). The average amount of testing takes about 2.3% of total class ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardized_test

Thus, for predictive validity, the employment test example is slightly different: Tests are administered, perhaps to job ... Such a cognitive test would have predictive validity if the observed correlation were statistically significant. Predictive ... between the test scores and] Other Variables." Predictive validity involves testing a group of subjects for a certain construct ... In psychometrics, predictive validity is the extent to which a score on a scale or test predicts scores on some criterion ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictive_validity

Suppose the fecal occult blood (FOB) screen test is used in 2030 people to look for bowel cancer: The small positive predictive ... The strength of the FOB screen test is instead in its negative predictive value - which, if negative for an individual, gives ... With a perfect test, one which returns no false negatives, the value of the NPV is 1 (100%), and with a test which returns no ... ISBN 0-7817-5215-9. Altman, DG; Bland, JM (1994). "Diagnostic tests 2: Predictive values". BMJ. 309 (6947): 102. doi:10.1136/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive_and_negative_predictive_values

Proceedings of the 25th International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis. pp. 59-69. doi:10.1145/2931037.2931046. ISBN ... Runtime predictive analysis (or predictive analysis) is a runtime verification technique in computer science for detecting ... "RV-Predict".: SMT-based predictive race detection. "UFO".: SMT-based predictive use-after-free detection. Model checking ... The predictive capability comes from the fact that the analysis is performed on an abstract model extracted online from the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runtime_predictive_analysis

Egloff, B.; Schmukle, S.C. (2002), "Predictive Validity of an Implicit Association Test for Assessing Anxiety", Journal of ... A 2009 meta-analysis lead-authored by Greenwald concluded that the IAT has predictive validity independent of the predictive ... "Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: III. Meta-analysis of predictive validity" (PDF). Journal of Personality ... and predictions of the test taker. The implicit-association test is the subject of significant academic and popular debate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Implicit-association_test

Cowan, James; Goldhaber, Dan; Jin, Zeyu; Theobald, Roddy (October 2020). Teacher Licensure Tests: Barrier or Predictive Tool? ... The MTEL program includes a test of communication and literacy skills as well as tests of subject matter knowledge. The tests ... The MTEL is a unique set of tests, whereas all other states in New England use the Praxis test, which have been adopted by 40 ... Tests are scored on a criterion-based system, where examinees must attain a certain score based on standards established by the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Tests_for_Educator_Licensure

Purchase (1982). "An appraisal of predictive tests for carcinogenicity". Mutation Research. 99 (1): 53-71. doi:10.1016/0165- ... The umu test, using only a single Salmonella strain, could potentially test a greater range of new chemicals with the same ... A simple colorimetric test is possible by adding a lactose analog which is degraded by β-galactosidase, producing a colored ... This test uses an operon fusion placing the lac operon (responsible for producing β-galactosidase, a protein which degrades ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umu_Chromotest

ICPEMC working paper 2/6. An appraisal of predictive tests for carcinogenicity". Mutat. Res. 99 (1): 53-71. doi:10.1016/0165- ... The test is performed over a few hours in columns of a 96-well microplate with increasing concentrations of test samples. This ... The test is a colorimetric assay which measures the expression of genes induced by genotoxic agents in Escherichia coli, by ... Since the chemical tested may inhibit protein synthesis at higher concentrations, which would lead to an underestimation of B- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOS_chromotest

... designing applications for use in vehicle testing, motorsport, marine, defence, film, and GNSS device testing. RACELOGIC ... "Racelogic launch stand alone predictive lap-timer". Source Sensors. 2011-01-09. Retrieved 2022-02-09. (Technology companies of ... VBOX GPS data logging products vary from the 10 Hz VBOX Mini, a rugged unit for simple testing to the VBOX 3i which logs at a ... With high fidelity 2 or 4 bit sampling, LabSat is ideal for testing GPS receiver sensitivity. LabSat 3 Wideband is a GPS ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racelogic

... however AFC is not predictive of embryo quality. A higher number of antral follicles indicates a higher likelihood of pregnancy ... This test can be used in multiple ways. A few drops of urine can be added to the test device tip. Alternatively, the test ... Fertility testing for men involves semen testing and genetic testing, as other factors such as impotence are obvious. Semen can ... The clomifene citrate challenge test is similar to cycle-day-three FSH testing. To perform this test blood samples are taken on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertility_testing

Kinane, Denis (14 September 2017). "Authors' reply: Predictive diagnostic tests in periodontal diseases". Nature Reviews. 3: ... a UK based Covid-19 testing company specialising in rapid delivery of Gold standard PCR testing. Kinane was born in 1957 and ... "Government to increase use of lateral flow devices for mass Covid testing". The Telegraph. Retrieved 21 February 2021. Kinane, ... Kinane, Denis (17 February 2021). "Government to increase use of lateral flow devices for mass Covid testing". The Telegraph. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Kinane

This is called predictive testing. Predictive testing cannot determine the age of onset that someone will begin to have ... Genetic tests, including prenatal testing, are available for both confirmed forms. Molecular testing is considered the gold ... Testing at pregnancy to determine whether an unborn child is affected is possible if genetic testing in a family has identified ... Electrodiagnostic testing (EMG and NCS) can detect the electrical signs of myotonia before myotonia becomes noticeable to the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myotonic_dystrophy

The main reason given for choosing to test for HD is to aid in career and family decisions. Predictive testing for Huntington's ... but since predictive testing has been offered far fewer choose to be tested. Over 95% of individuals at risk of inheriting HD ... throughout all stages of the testing process. Because of the implications of this test, patients who wish to undergo testing ... "Predictive Testing for Huntington's Disease". 2011. Archived from the original on 22 January 2013. Retrieved 7 May 2013. Kuliev ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huntington's_disease

"Diagnostic test online calculator calculates sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios and predictive values from a 2x2 table ... A test with 100% sensitivity will recognize all patients with the disease by testing positive. A negative test result would ... A test with 100% specificity will recognize all patients without the disease by testing negative, so a positive test result ... then the test has 43% sensitivity. If 100 with no disease are tested and 96 return a completely negative result, then the test ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensitivity_and_specificity

Banerjee, S.; Gelfand, A. E.; Finley, A. O.; Sang, H. (2008). "Gaussian predictive process models for large spatial data sets ... Gelfand, Alan (2004). "Nonstationary multivariate process modeling through spatially varying coregionalization". Test. 13 (2): ... Banerjee, Sudipto (2008). "Gaussian predictive process models for large spatial data sets". Journal of the Royal Statistical ... Test. 13 (2): 263-312. doi:10.1007/bf02595775. Gelfand, A. E.; Kim, H. J.; Sirmans, C. F.; Banerjee, S. (2003). "Spatial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_E._Gelfand

... but who have no features of the disorder themselves at the time of testing. Predictive testing can identify mutations that ... This test is performed 10-13 weeks into pregnancy and results are ready 7-14 days after the test was done. Another test using ... DTC genetic tests, however, allow consumers to bypass this process and purchase DNA tests themselves. DTC genetic testing can ... Direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing (also called at-home genetic testing) is a type of genetic test that is accessible ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_testing

DTC tests make the applicability of predictive medicine very real and accessible to consumers. Benefits of DTC testing include ... Notable types of predictive medicine through health care professionals include: Carrier testing: Carrier testing is done to ... Current genetic testing guidelines supported by the health care professionals discourage purely predictive genetic testing of ... Myriad Genetics is already generating revenue from genetic tests for BRCA1 and BRCA2. Aside from genetic testing, predictive ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictive_medicine

These methods estimate the predictive validity of employment tests. This research has demonstrated that these validities ... From the Association of Test Publishers (ATP). Recipient of James McKeen Cattell Award for Scientific Contributions to Applied ... was an American psychology professor at the University of Iowa known for his work in personnel selection and employment testing ... FL Statistical significance testing and cumulative knowledge in psychology: Implications for training. Psychological Methods, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_L._Schmidt

Some correlate better with job performance than with others; employers often use more than one to maximize predictive power. ... Tests must be representative of the tested field, otherwise, litigation can be brought against the test-giver. Situational ... Different types of assessments may be used for employment testing, including personality tests, intelligence tests, work ... Civil Rights Act of 1964 Industrial and organizational psychology Objective test Projective test Psychological testing ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employment_testing

A negative result is highly predictive of fetal wellbeing and tolerance of labor. The test has a poor positive predictive value ... This test is done in hospital or clinic setting. External fetal monitors are put in place and then either nipple stimulation or ... A contraction stress test (CST) is performed near the end of pregnancy (34 weeks' gestation) to determine how well the fetus ... This "stress test" is usually not performed if there are any signs of premature birth, placenta praevia, vasa praevia, cervical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraction_stress_test

The negative predictive value of this test is not 100%. Some patients with a history of BPPV will not have a positive test ... The Dix-Hallpike test - or Nylén-Bárány test - is a diagnostic maneuver from the group of rotation tests used to identify ... The head is rotated 45 degrees away from the side being tested, and the eyes are examined for nystagmus. If the test is ... In these circumstances the side-lying test or other alternative tests may be used. Precautions The Dix-Hallpike maneuver places ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dix–Hallpike_test

A Longitudinal Test of Two Predictive Models". Child Psychiatry & Human Development. 47 (4): 603-617. doi:10.1007/s10578-015- ... A test of acceptability and utility. JMIR Formative Research, 6(7), e39004. DOI:10.2196/39004. Schleider, J.L., Dobias, M.L., ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jessica_Schleider

"Attitudes regarding predictive testing for retinitis pigmentosa". Ophthalmic Genet. 28 (1): 9-15. doi:10.1080/13816810701199423 ... Other supportive testing may include the electroretinogram (ERG), visual field testing (VFT), ocular coherence tomography (OCT ... While visual field and acuity test results combined with retinal imagery support the diagnosis of retinitis pigmentosa, ... and DNA testing to determine the gene responsible for a person's particular type of RP (now called Inherited Retinal Dystrophy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinitis_pigmentosa

"Progress Test Studio: Automated Testing Made Easy". Telerik.com. "Progress Software's Kinvey acquisition links app dev front to ... "Progress acquires DataRPM for cognitive predictive maintenance in IIoT , ZDNet". ZDNet. "Progress: Pennsylvania automates IT ... Test Studio - test automation. Kinvey - serverless cloud backend. DataRPM - machine learning platform for anomaly detection and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progress_Software

The predictive power of the marshmallow test was challenged in a 2020 study. The first experiment in delayed gratification was ... To test their expectations, the researchers contrived three settings under which to test participants; an overt activity, a ... "New Study Disavows Marshmallow Test's Predictive Powers". 24 February 2021. Mischel, Walter; Ebbesen, Ebbe B. (1970). " ... Jason, Collins (31 May 2018). "The marshmallow test held up OK - Jason Collins blog". The marshmallow test held up OK. Archived ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanford_marshmallow_experiment

A 2022 paper entitled BMAT's predictive validity for medical school performance: a retrospective cohort study by Davies et al ... For the test session that takes place in late October/early November, UK applicants can often take the test in their school or ... The BioMedical Admissions Test (BMAT) is an aptitude test used as part of the admissions process for Medicine, Biomedical ... "BMAT test specification" (PDF). Cambridge Assessment Admissions Testing. Retrieved 30 May 2018. "Dates and costs , BMAT". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BioMedical_Admissions_Test

The Quad test is therefore said to have a 4% positive predictive value (PPV) because only 4% of women who are told they are " ... Many screening tests are inaccurate, so one worrisome test result frequently leads to additional, more invasive tests. If ... both a First Trimester Combined Test and a Triple/Quad test is performed, and a report is only produced after both tests have ... Therefore, such a screen would have a 33% positive predictive value. The real-world false-positive rate for the Quad test (as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prenatal_testing

The main strength of the tail suspension test is its predictive validity- performance on the test can be altered by drugs that ... The TST was introduced in 1985 due to the popularity of a similar test called the forced swim test (FST). However this test ... Animal models of depression Behavioural despair test Learned helplessness Open field (animal test) Cryan, John F.; Mombereau, ... The TST has predictive reliability for known antidepressant agents. However, when testing drugs of unknown mechanisms, the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tail_suspension_test

Therefore, the primay value of the test is as a research tool and a supplement test to other medical testing procedures. ... As for validity, it has "poorly documented predictive and construct validity." It also does not do a good job at predicting ... This test purports to provide an index of a newborn's abilities, and is usually given to an infant somewhere between the age of ... Kaplan, R. M., & Sacuzzo, D. P.(2010). Psychological Testing: Principles, Applications, & Issues, Eighth Edition. Belmont, CA: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_Behavioral_Assessment_Scale

Use of predictive analytics and tracking software systems can impact children's digital and real life choices by exploiting ... tested and operated and in what ethical frameworks relevant to many forms of human interests, thereby affecting the degree of ... It turns out that with the proliferation of mass surveillance and predictive analytics, new disputes are on the way for states ... Other debates range from whether individual agency in decision-making can be undermined by predictive algorithms; whether an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_self-determination

"An analysis of the predictive power of the panel interview and pre-employment tests". Journal of Occupational and ... Sometimes other selection tools (e.g., work samples, cognitive ability tests, personality tests) are used in combination with ... The "Platform Test" method involves having the candidate make a presentation to both the selection panel and other candidates ... Skeet shoot format - The candidate is given questions from a series of panelists in rapid succession to test his or her ability ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_interview

However, the researchers also used a Poisson regression model to test if the frequency of online media coverage density and ... However, like the APA, the researchers emphasized that having a formal mental health disorder diagnosis is more predictive of ... The researchers then tested the possibility that the relationship between gun ownership and the mass shooting rate was being ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_shootings_in_the_United_States

The NATO testing also included interoperability tests, used over 200 hours of speech data, and was conducted by 3 test ... Split-Band Linear Predictive Coding), as well as the old secure voice standards such as FS1015 LPC-10e (2.4 kbit/s), FS1016 ... As part of NATO testing for new NATO standard, MELPe was tested against other candidates such as France's HSX (Harmonic ... Compandent Inc, as a part of MELPe-based projects performed for NSA and NATO, provided NSA and NATO with special test-bed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed-excitation_linear_prediction

He uses wastewater testing to study the spread of COVID-19 and other diseases. Goodridge was born in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ... He is developing predictive models of the virulence of foodborne pathogens, using phenotypic and genotypic methods. Goodridge ... Goodridge uses wastewater testing as a community-level indicator for monitoring the spread of COVID-19 and other diseases. He ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Goodridge

Predictive test approach: Developing a tentative hypothesis and then comprehensively testing it. Heuer states that though he ... he came to discount this theory and to accept Yuri Nosenko as bona fide after exercising the predictive test approach and the ... Litmus test approach: Comparing the information from an unknown or new source with the information from a reliable or credible ... Further, Heuer and Pherson suggest that the DNI create a "center for analytic tradecraft" responsible for testing all ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richards_Heuer

It can further be shown that the AUC is closely related to the Mann-Whitney U, which tests whether positives are ranked higher ... Lobo, Jorge M.; Jiménez-Valverde, Alberto; Real, Raimundo (2008). "AUC: a misleading measure of the performance of predictive ... It is also equivalent to the Wilcoxon test of ranks. The AUC is related to the Gini coefficient ( G 1 {\displaystyle G_{1}} ) ... Some features of the AUC that draw criticism include the fact that 1) AUC ignores the thresholds; 2) AUC summarizes the test ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_operating_characteristic

Altemeyer has conducted multiple studies, which suggest that the SDO measure is more predictive of racist orientation than the ... They questioned the invariance hypothesis, and cited their own test relating "strength of gender identification" as a moderator ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_dominance_theory

mtDNA testing can be used by forensic scientists in cases where nuclear DNA is severely degraded. Autosomal cells only have two ... Reguly B, Jakupciak JP, Parr RL (October 2010). "3.4 kb mitochondrial genome deletion serves as a surrogate predictive ... "Hiring a DNA Testing Company Genealogy". Family Search. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 2016. Archived from ... Garlicki, Debbie (11 March 1998). "DNA Tests Got Rorrer Life in Jail". The Morning Call. Pellegrino, Peter; Thomas, Peter; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA

Predictive control and neural network controllers are recently developed to cope with these issues. Usually made in larger ... "Motor design considerations and test results of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicles". Industry ... An Enhanced Model Predictive Control Strategy to Drive PMSM with reduced Torque and Flux Ripples. IEEE Conference Publication. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchronous_motor

... when there is a reduction in the predictive value of positive test results". Chest CT scans may be helpful to diagnose COVID‑19 ... The standard methods of testing for presence of SARS-CoV-2 are nucleic acid tests, which detects the presence of viral RNA ... or other nucleic acid testing of infected secretions. Along with laboratory testing, chest CT scans may be helpful to diagnose ... As these tests detect RNA but not infectious virus, its "ability to determine duration of infectivity of patients is limited." ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19

... test set with descriptions and class labels, so-called ground truth) can be performed automatically, for example, using the ... Typical methods include Linear Predictive Coding in the audio/biosignal domain, texture description in the visual domain and n- ... and the extraction and testing of statistical moments. Advanced concepts such as the Kalman filter are used for merging of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia_information_retrieval

... consensus when testing potential anxiety and OCD medication is to perform a battery of anxiety tests with a high predictive ... The test is also sensitive to antidepressant agents. The test is sensitive to two major classes of drugs the Selective ... If the test measured OCD then benzodiazepines would not affect rodent behavior. The marble burying test measures one acute dose ... Younger mice will bury marbles faster than older mice so the age of the mice being tested must be the same. There are mixed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marble_burying

Fetal stethoscope Nonstress test (NST) Biophysical profile (BPP) Ayres-de-Campos, Diogo (June 2018). "Electronic fetal ... Category I (Normal): Tracings with all these findings present are strongly predictive of normal fetal acid-base status at the ... Category II (Indeterminate): Tracing is not predictive of abnormal fetal acid-base status. Evaluation and continued ... Tracing is predictive of abnormal fetal acid-base status at the time of observation; this requires prompt evaluation and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiotocography

Methods such as imagery tasks to simple questionnaires and apperception tests such as the Stroop test enable psychologists to ... Lower ego integrity, more physical problems and more psychological problems are predictive of higher levels of death anxiety in ... There are many tests to study this including The Death Anxiety Scale for Children (DASC) developed by Schell and Seefeldt. ... A series of tests determined that significantly high levels of death anxiety tend to occur in close relationships with an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_anxiety

Although aspects of testing such as stereotype threat are a concern, research on the predictive validity of the SAT has ... Reasoning Test; at the same time, the name of the Achievement Tests was changed to SAT II: Subject Tests. The Reasoning Test ... Math Test - No Calculator and Math Test - Calculator. In total, the SAT math test is 80 minutes long and includes 58 questions ... test scores, according to college officials. Test preparation companies in Asia have been found to provide test questions to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAT

Examples of e-Research tools include including the Remote Testing Wiki, the Portable Automated Rapid Testing (PART), Ecological ... In contrast to traditional methods in audiology and hearing science research, computational audiology emphasizes predictive ... Smartphone-based tests have been proposed to detect middle ear fluid using acoustic reflectometry and machine learning. ... "PP Remote Testing Wiki , Main / RemoteTesting". www.spatialhearing.org. Retrieved 2022-01-20. "Resources". Computational ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_audiology

... or for predictive testing of individuals with a family history of hemochromatosis. The alleles evaluated by HFE gene analysis ... Blood tests are usually the first test if there is a clinical suspicion of iron overload. Serum ferritin testing is a low-cost ... In someone with negative HFE gene testing, elevated iron status for no other obvious reason, and family history of liver ... Positive HFE analysis confirms the clinical diagnosis of hemochromatosis in asymptomatic individuals with blood tests showing ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_overload

"Western Singapore becomes test-bed for smart city solutions". Coconuts Singapore. 19 June 2014. Retrieved 11 July 2014. ... Others are turning to the concept of predictive interaction of devices, "where collected data is used to predict and trigger ... IoT can also be applied to asset management via predictive maintenance, statistical evaluation, and measurements to maximize ... Ahmadi, Mohsen; Kiaei, Pantea; Emamdoost, Navid (2021). SN4KE: Practical Mutation Testing at Binary Level (PDF) (MSc). NDSS ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_of_things

Furthermore, Vidal and Bay noted that the use of ERMs when DDT is present resulted in a less accurate predictive level. The ... In summary, the key links between the compiled studies are the testing of a specific analyte - toxicity assays used are for ... The original intent of using SQGs was to rank order areas that may need further toxicological testing and potential chemicals ... Long and co-workers also conducted a meta-analysis using 1068 sediment toxicity assays to evaluate the predictive ability of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_range_low_and_effects_range_median

The most definitive test to distinguish epilepsy from PNES is long term video-EEG monitoring, with the aim of capturing one or ... McDade G, Brown SW (March 1992). "Non-epileptic seizures: management and predictive factors of outcome". Seizure. 1 (1): 7-10. ... Laboratory testing can detect rising blood levels of serum prolactin if samples are taken in the right time window after most ... However, due to false positives and variability in results, this test is relied upon less frequently. Some features are more or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychogenic_non-epileptic_seizure

... provides free services to the College Board, which administers AP tests and the SAT, and also has a group ... This resulted in the development the TMC0280 one-chip linear predictive coding speech synthesizer, which was the first time a ... The College Board required calculators on the Advanced Placement tests in 1993 and allowed calculators on the SAT a year later ... Working independently in April 1954, Gordon Teal at TI created the first commercial silicon transistor and tested it on April ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Instruments

"A test for success". Hamilton Spectator. Metroland Media Group Ltd. 9 September 2015. Retrieved 14 January 2016. "Office of ... The multiple-mini interview has consistently shown to have a higher predictive validity for future performance than traditional ... Harris, Gardiner (10 July 2011). "New for Aspiring Doctors, the People Skills Test". The New York Times. Archived from the ... The Michael DeGroote School of Medicine has notably developed admission tests adopted by other schools. In 2001, they developed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McMaster_University

The program was also deemed to have predictive validity, reasons for which this type of testing has now become a standardized ... Stanley decided to test him using the SAT and found that it was a much more effective and reliable way to test for both ... School Aptitude Test-Math), which had previously only been taken by students in grades 11 and 12. This out of level testing ... When Stanley was a young math and science teacher he became fascinated with intellectual talent while taking a "tests and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Stanley

... the USAF Central Inertial Guidance Test Facility (Holloman AFB) conducted developmental flight tests of four prototype GPS ... Provides the warfighter with more secure, actionable and predictive information to enhance situational awareness. Enables new ... Testing in the first half of 2011 has demonstrated that the impact of the lower 10 MHz of spectrum is minimal to GPS devices ( ... "Assisted-GPS Test Calls for 3G WCDMA Networks". 3g.co.uk. November 10, 2004. Archived from the original on November 27, 2010. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Positioning_System

In this group, the PartoSure test provided a 97.4% and 93.6% negative predictive value, and 78.3% and 87.0% positive predictive ... the main utility of this test [PartoSure], as is the measurement of cervical length, is its high negative predictive value; its ... a commercial test known as the PartoSure test was developed and has been the subject of several peer-reviewed publications ... and fetal fibronectin testing (fFN) via a commercially available, rapid test. Furthermore, the authors suggested that the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placental_alpha_microglobulin-1_(PAMG-1)

Li CJ, Li JQ, Liang XF, Li XX, Cui JG, Yang ZJ, Guo Q, Cao KJ, Huang J (Mar 2010). "Point-of-care test of heart-type fatty acid ... showed that measuring H-FABP in combination with troponin increased the diagnostic accuracy and with a negative predictive ... Commercial tests include a Cardiac Array on Evidence MultiStat; and an automated biochemistry assay[citation needed] Akash ... yet the addition of the H-FABP test helps identify patients who are currently slipping through the net and allows physicians to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart-type_fatty_acid_binding_protein

The predictive capabilities of the custom mode are based on actual bullet flight data derived from Doppler radar test sessions ... Of course the best way to check firearms cartridge loads are actual proof test measurements at certified test facilities. The ... A water case capacity test measurement of 4 fired .35 Whelen Remington cases resulted in: The case capacity of different ... With this data engineers can create algorithms that utilize both known mathematical ballistic models as well as test specific, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuickLOAD

Using simulation to calculate PPOS makes it possible to test statistics with complex distributions since it alleviates the ... Predictive power is a Bayesian power. A parameter in Bayesian setting is a random variable. Predictive power is a function of a ... Predictive probability of success (PPOS) is a statistics concept commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry including by ... Predictive distribution has not only the uncertainty about parameter but also the uncertainty about estimating parameter using ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictive_probability_of_success

Test Scores, Socioeconomic Status (SES), Psychometrics, Culture Fair Tests, Intelligence Tests, Predictive Validity, ... Socio-Economic Status and Predictive Test Scores. Author(s):. Turnbull, William W. Publication Year:. 1951. Source:. Canadian ...

https://www.ets.org/research/policy_research_reports/publications/article/1951/iszl.html

This interest, and the potential high demand for predictive testing, should be considered as these tests become available, so ... 3A predictive test could provide an opportunity to prepare for Alzheimers disease and to make any necessary financial or ... 1There is a high level of public interest in predictive tests for Alzheimers disease. This could be because Alzheimers is ... Home Fit Minds Would You Take a Free Predictive Test for Alzheimers Disease? ...

https://www.healthstatus.com/health_blog/what-is-dementia/take-free-predictive-test-alzheimers-disease/

... Fam Cancer. 2010 Mar;9(1):3-7. doi: ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19842063/

You dont need a crystal ball to predict whether adding predictive search to your website will increase sales. But you might be ... Website Testing Wins: Predictive Search Is Predictively Positive. Peter Borden , November 21, 2011 ... Thankfully, predictive search can be added to any site in seconds.. With predictive search, one retailers revenue per session ... Yet, most retailers are way behind the curve with predictive search. Not only do they not offer predictive search to their ...

https://monetate.com/blog/website-testing-wins-predictive-search-is-predictively-positive/

... tests and evaluations on sales candidates and salespeople, how to evaluate a sales force and refine the sales recruiting ... predictive sales test , Dave Kurlan, Sales Expert, Top-Rated Speaker, Best-Selling Author discusses sales best practices, ... Topics: Dave Kurlan, assessments, Personality Tests, hiring assessments, pre-employment test, predictive sales test ... Topics: sales assessment, Dave Kurlan, sales candidates, hiring salespeople, sales test, predictive sales test, fortune 500 ...

https://www.omghub.com/salesdevelopmentblog/topic/predictive-sales-test

Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market Research is expecting to accrue strong growth in forecasts frame, drive By Type ... The Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market is segmented on the basis of type, application. Based on type, the market ... The "Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market Analysis to 2028" is a specialized and in-depth study of the healthcare ... The Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market is expected to witness high growth during the forecast period. The report ...

https://www.theinsightpartners.com/reports/breast-cancer-predictive-genetic-testing-market

This work explains the set-up of a Hardware-in-the-Loop experiment to test an energy flexible heat pump controller under ... The developed simple, low-cost model-predictive control algorithm can easily be integrated with a traditional heat pump ... Model-predictive control is a smart control technique that can unlock the potential of the buildings thermal production ... Model-Predictive Control for Testing Energy Flexible Heat Pump Operation within a Hardware-in-the-Loop Setting. ...

https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/406951

The impact of the predictive test result was assessed in 53 subjects tested, using pre- and post-test psychometric measurement ... Prediction of psychological functioning one year after the predictive test for Huntingtons disease and impact of the test ... Prediction of psychological functioning one year after the predictive test for Huntingtons disease and impact of the test ... For some at risk persons, this situation is the reason for requesting predictive DNA testing. The aim of this paper is two-fold ...

https://jmg.bmj.com/content/33/9/737

Strong Predictive Value of Organoid-Based PARIS® Test to Identify Personalized Treatments in Advanced Cancers Presented at 2021 ...

https://www.wrfseattle.org/article/strong-predictive-value-of-organoid-based-paris-test-to-identify-personalized-treatments-in-advanced-cancers-presented-at-2021-asco-annual-meeting/

Braun, H., Ragosta, M., & Kaplan, B. (1986). The predictive validity of the Scholastic Aptitude Test for disabled students (ETS ... Braun, H., Ragosta, M., & Kaplan, B. (1986). The predictive validity of the Scholastic Aptitude Test for disabled students (ETS ...

https://nceo.info/references/report/11996

... including Predictive Index test free sample questions with full answers & tips. ... Practice for the Predictive Index Cognitive Assessment with our practice test, ... Predictive Index Test Free Practice Test. The Predictive Index practice test below includes 10 questions in a similar ratio of ... JobTestPreps Predictive Index Cognitive Assessment PrepPack includes a diagnostic test, five full length and time-limited test ...

https://www.jobtestprep.com/predictive-index-test-free

The predictive value of the multiple hop test for first-time noncontact lateral ankle sprains. In: Journal of sports sciences. ... The predictive value of the multiple hop test for first-time noncontact lateral ankle sprains.. Christophe Eechaute, Lynn ... The predictive value of the multiple hop test for first-time noncontact lateral ankle sprains. Journal of sports sciences. 2020 ... The predictive value of the multiple hop test for first-time noncontact lateral ankle sprains. / Eechaute, Christophe; Leemans ...

https://researchportal.vub.be/en/publications/the-predictive-value-of-the-multiple-hop-test-for-first-time-nonc

But predictive policing also threatens the extension of policing biases; risks to privacy emergent from the data gathering ... New predictive policing technologies seem to promise crime reduction. ... Trials and testing. PredPol, software sold by a US company of the same name, seems particularly popular at the moment: Greater ... Predictive policing: mapping the future of policing?. New predictive policing technologies seem to promise crime reduction. But ...

https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/opensecurity/predictive-policing-mapping-future-of-policing/

Predictive Validity of the Single Leg Hamstring Bridge Test in Military Settings ... The single leg hamstring bridge test (SLHBT) could be a good test to screen military personnel performance. The aims of our ... Predictive Validity of the Single Leg Hamstring Bridge Test in Military Settings. Applied Sciences, 11 (4). p. 1822. ISSN 2076 ... They undertook army physical fitness testing (APFT) and functional physical fitness testing (FPFT), which included the SLHBT. ...

http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29878/

FIB-test (35 vs 24 mm, p < 0.05) and TPA-test (52 vs 36 mm, p < 0.05) as well as higher values of inflammatory ... Viscoelastic testing (VET) was performed using the ClotPro® system after admission to our ICU. Prevalence of thromboembolic ... The data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Of 55 patients enrolled in this study, 22 patients required treatment ... This retrospective study is aimed to examine the prognostic relevance of early viscoelastic testing compared to conventional ...

https://thrombosisjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12959-022-00403-0/tables/1

AI-Enabled Predictive Cardiology Tests Could Identify Patients Suffering from Undiagnosed Heart Disease ... AI-Enabled Predictive Cardiology Tests Could Identify Patients Suffering from Undiagnosed Heart Disease By HospiMedica ... Image: Tempus is studying its predictive, AI-enabled algorithmic tests via a network of researchers (Photo courtesy of Pexels) ... The study aims to evaluate the impact of the companys investigational, AI-enabled, predictive tests in cardiology and focuses ...

https://www.hospimedica.com/artificial-intelligence/articles/294795243/ai-enabled-predictive-cardiology-tests-could-identify-patients-suffering-from-undiagnosed-heart-disease.html

Parent-Initiated Genetic Testing of Newborns Yields Clinical Diagnoses, Fulgent Team Finds ... NEW YORK - Predictive Oncology on Wednesday announced that it has priced a public offering of approximately 6.3 million shares ... Predictive Oncology - formerly Precision Therapeutics - said it will use the proceeds of the offering for working capital, ... Predictive Oncology operates through three subsidiaries: Helomics, which was fully acquired in 2018 and provides tumor-analysis ...

https://www.genomeweb.com/cancer/predictive-oncology-prices-32m-public-offering

MINERVINO, Carla Alexandra da Silva Moita e DIAS, Émille Burity. Reading predictive skills test: skills standards for children. ... research objective was to construct normative data of the phonological awareness and visual memory skills for the Predictive ...

http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1677-04712017000400005&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=en

... the predictive value of molecular testing. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2022 Mar 11:S1198-743X(22)00110-0. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.02 ... Antibiotics for lower respiratory tract infection in children presenting in primary care (ARTIC-PC): the predictive value of ... Before deploying microbiologic point-of-care tests for children with uncomplicated LRTI in primary care, rigorous validating ...

https://eastmid.openrepository.com/handle/20.500.12904/15735

China acid test first up for Sri Lanka today 25 Nov 2022 ... Home Jyotisha News An important aspect of Predictive Astrology ... An important aspect of Predictive Astrology Prognosticating disease. DM Astro 136. 20 March 2020 05:09 am - 0 - {{hitsCtrl. ... B.V. Raman in his celebrated work, Predictive Astrology, diseases are denoted by the 6th House, planets aspecting it, its lord ... Prognosticating disease is a very important aspect in Predictive Astrology. After all, disease, decay and death are common ...

https://www.dailymirror.lk/Jyotisha-News/An-important-aspect-of-Predictive-Astrology-Prognosticating-disease/312-185383

One gripping new science is Genetic Predictive Testing (GPT), which allows individuals to predict, with reasonable certainty, ... having tested themselves, are 5 times more likely to buy healthcare insurance. ...

https://www.suttonwinson.com/news-events/news/genetic-predictive-testing-539/

Predictive Test Selection is a new approach to Test Impact Analysis using machine learning to dynamically select tests to run ... Predictive test selection in a nutshell. Predictive test selection is a branch of what is commonly known as Test Impact ... What is Predictive Test Selection?. What is Predictive Test Selection and common use cases.. Alastair Wilkes. • January 5, 2021 ... Both Google and Facebook have used this method to shrink massive test suites to only the most relevant tests. Predictive test ...

https://www.launchableinc.com/blog/what-is-predictive-test-selection/

Test Members. There are two types of test members used with Predictive campaigns:. *Global test members: Auto-added to all new ... How to create a global test member. There are two lead/contact fields that are provided with the Predictive installation - Test ... Test Member: Check the box. One or more co-workers should be considered as global test members to review the content and links ... Check the box so that he/she is added to the campaign as a test member and therefore receive all test emails. ...

https://help.predictiveresponse.com/?page_id=3273

Predictive Value of Tests * Technology, Pharmaceutical / methods * Technology, Pharmaceutical / trends* Substances * ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14705868/?dopt=Abstract

The study aimed to validate the Arabic version of the Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) by (1) assessing its ... Predictive Validity. The mean DUDIT score for the clinical sample diagnosed with SUD (N = 54) was 24.54 (SD = 12.05); this was ... Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) [16], and the Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) [17]. ... Predictive validity was examined using ROC analysis, where AUC reached .98 (p , .001, CI = .95-1.00) (Fig. 1). Optimal ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12529-016-9623-2

Russell M. Jaffe, MD, Ph.D., CCN, investigating the role of Predictive Biomarker testing. ... Predictive Biomarker Tests: Use and Application for Evidence-based Care. Posted on December 13, 2012. June 29, 2016. by jwelton ... Russell M. Jaffe, MD, Ph.D., CCN, investigating the role of Predictive Biomarker testing, their use and importance in practice ... In addition to the above presentation, a special reference table for Predictive Biomarker Tests can be accessed by clicking ...

https://healthstudiescollegium.org/2012/12/13/predictive-biomarker-tests-use-and-application-for-evidence-based-care/

What is a Predictive Dialer? May 18, 2022 Technology Comments Off on What is a Predictive Dialer? ... Top 9 Advantages of Predictive Dialers That Make it Indispensable June 3, 2022 Technology Comments Off on Top 9 Advantages of ... A predictive dialer is a machine or software that uses a list of telephone numbers to dial them, waiting for the recipient to ...

https://www.comeaucomputing.com/tag/predictive-dialer/

Predictive performance of machine and statistical learning methods: impact of data-generating processes on external validity in ... We hereto examined the impact of the data-generating process on the relative predictive accuracy of six machine and statistical ...

https://www.ices.on.ca/Publications/Journal-Articles/2021/April/Predictive-performance-of-machine-and-statistical-learning-methods-impact-of-data-generating

Test-retest. Internal consistency. % Agreement. Predictive. PA. Community Healthy Living Index (CHLI) (27). Manager report. ... Assessments/testing/evaluation. Employee fitness testing, measurements of employee PA, health screening. ... Assessments/testing/evaluation. Employee fitness testing, measurements of employee HE, health screening. ... Test-retest. Construct. Face. Content. Discriminant. PA. Check for Health (WI) (24). Manager report. 2010. 68, NR. a. NA. b. NA ...

https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2015/14_0410.htm

Results of search for su:{Predictive value of tests.} Refine your search. *. Availability. * Limit to currently available ... Educated guesses : making policy about medical screening tests / Louise B. Russell. by Russell, Louise B , Milbank Memorial ... Predictive value of rodent forestomach and gastric neuroendocrine tumours in evaluating carcinogenic risks to humans / views ... Laboratory-based evaluation of 19 commercially available rapid diagnostic tests for tuberculosis. by UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO ...

https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=su:%7BPredictive%20value%20of%20tests.%7D

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Validation of the Rockall risk scoring system in upper gastrointestinal bleeding. (1/30648)

Predicting delayed anxiety and depression in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. (2/30648)

Immunocytochemically detected free peritoneal tumour cells (FPTC) are a strong prognostic factor in gastric carcinoma. (3/30648)

Profound variation in dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity in human blood cells: major implications for the detection of partly deficient patients. (4/30648)

Prognostic value of myocardial perfusion imaging in patients with high exercise tolerance. (5/30648)

Usefulness of fractional flow reserve to predict clinical outcome after balloon angioplasty. (6/30648)

The clinical utility of CMV surveillance cultures and antigenemia following bone marrow transplantation. (7/30648)

Immunologic proliferation marker Ki-S2 as prognostic indicator for lymph node-negative breast cancer. (8/30648)

No FAQ available that match "predictive value of tests"

Predictive Value of Tests

Sensitivity and Specificity

ROC Curve

Prospective Studies

Reproducibility of Results

False Positive Reactions

Prognosis

Retrospective Studies

False Negative Reactions

Biological Markers

Reagent Kits, Diagnostic

Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Follow-Up Studies

Mass Screening

Reagent Strips

Evaluation Studies as Topic

Risk Factors

Time Factors

Cohort Studies

Severity of Illness Index

Treatment Outcome

Risk Assessment

Biopsy

Bacteriological Techniques

Radiopharmaceuticals

Pregnancy

Algorithms

Tumor Markers, Biological

Fluorodeoxyglucose F18

Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color

Diagnostic Errors

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Observer Variation

Positron-Emission Tomography

Infant, Newborn

Biopsy, Fine-Needle

Multivariate Analysis

Early Diagnosis

Logistic Models

Clinical Coding

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Preoperative Care

International Classification of Diseases

Diagnostic Tests, Routine

Coronary Angiography

Area Under Curve

Ultrasonography

Tomography, Spiral Computed

Breast Neoplasms

Electrocardiography

Neoplasm Staging

Biopsy, Needle

Point-of-Care Systems

Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products

Immunoassay

Prevalence

Endosonography

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Palpation

Serologic Tests

Contrast Media

Acute Disease

Cytodiagnosis

Probability

Thyroid Nodule

Epidemiologic Methods

Survival Analysis

Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Molecular Diagnostic Techniques

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted

Immunoenzyme Techniques

Physical Examination

Chi-Square Distribution

Coronary Stenosis

Regression Analysis

Ultrasonography, Doppler

Cross-Sectional Studies

Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures

Proportional Hazards Models

Clinical Enzyme Tests