Poverty. Medical search

City, urban, rural, or suburban areas which are characterized by severe economic deprivation and by accompanying physical and social decay.

Social and economic factors that characterize the individual or group within the social structure.

Revenues or receipts accruing from business enterprise, labor, or invested capital.

Elements of residence that characterize a population. They are applicable in determining need for and utilization of health services.

Size and composition of the family.

Variation in rates of disease occurrence and disabilities between population groups defined by socioeconomic characteristics such as age, ethnicity, economic resources, or gender and populations identified geographically or similar measures.

Organized efforts by communities or organizations to improve the health and well-being of the child.

A stratum of people with similar position and prestige; includes social stratification. Social class is measured by criteria such as education, occupation, and income.

Enumerations of populations usually recording identities of all persons in every place of residence with age or date of birth, sex, occupation, national origin, language, marital status, income, relation to head of household, information on the dwelling place, education, literacy, health-related data (e.g., permanent disability), etc. The census or "numbering of the people" is mentioned several times in the Old Testament. Among the Romans, censuses were intimately connected with the enumeration of troops before and after battle and probably a military necessity. (From Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 3d ed; Garrison, An Introduction to the History of Medicine, 4th ed, p66, p119)

The degree to which individuals are inhibited or facilitated in their ability to gain entry to and to receive care and services from the health care system. Factors influencing this ability include geographic, architectural, transportational, and financial considerations, among others.

The inhabitants of a city or town, including metropolitan areas and suburban areas.

Groups of persons whose range of options is severely limited, who are frequently subjected to COERCION in their DECISION MAKING, or who may be compromised in their ability to give INFORMED CONSENT.

Financial assistance to impoverished persons for the essentials of living through federal, state or local government programs.

The production and movement of food items from point of origin to use or consumption.

Countries in the process of change with economic growth, that is, an increase in production, per capita consumption, and income. The process of economic growth involves better utilization of natural and human resources, which results in a change in the social, political, and economic structures.

The inhabitants of rural areas or of small towns classified as rural.

Persons living in the United States having origins in any of the black groups of Africa.

Organized institutions which provide services to ameliorate conditions of need or social pathology in the community.

The state of society as it exists or in flux. While it usually refers to society as a whole in a specified geographical or political region, it is applicable also to restricted strata of a society.

An interactive process whereby members of a community are concerned for the equality and rights of all.

The science of utilization, distribution, and consumption of services and materials.

The status of health in urban populations.

Diseases that are underfunded and have low name recognition but are major burdens in less developed countries. The World Health Organization has designated six tropical infectious diseases as being neglected in industrialized countries that are endemic in many developing countries (HELMINTHIASIS; LEPROSY; LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS; ONCHOCERCIASIS; SCHISTOSOMIASIS; and TRACHOMA).

A systematic collection of factual data pertaining to health and disease in a human population within a given geographic area.

The level of health of the individual, group, or population as subjectively assessed by the individual or by more objective measures.

Differences in access to or availability of medical facilities and services.

Individuals whose ancestral origins are in the continent of Europe.

Payment by individuals or their family for health care services which are not covered by a third-party payer, either insurance or medical assistance.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Educational attainment or level of education of individuals.

An international organization whose members include most of the sovereign nations of the world with headquarters in New York City. The primary objectives of the organization are to maintain peace and security and to achieve international cooperation in solving international economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian problems.

A course or method of action selected, usually by a government, from among alternatives to guide and determine present and future decisions.

An acute or prolonged illness usually considered to be life-threatening or with the threat of serious residual disability. Treatment may be radical and is frequently costly.

A method of analyzing the variation in utilization of health care in small geographic or demographic areas. It often studies, for example, the usage rates for a given service or procedure in several small areas, documenting the variation among the areas. By comparing high- and low-use areas, the analysis attempts to determine whether there is a pattern to such use and to identify variables that are associated with and contribute to the variation.

Persons living in the United States of Mexican (MEXICAN AMERICANS), Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central or South American, or other Spanish culture or origin. The concept does not include Brazilian Americans or Portuguese Americans.

Groups of individuals whose putative ancestry is from native continental populations based on similarities in physical appearance.

The aggregate of social and cultural institutions, forms, patterns, and processes that influence the life of an individual or community.

A voluntary contract between two or more dentists who may or may not share responsibility for the care of patients, with proportional sharing of profits and losses.

The amounts spent by individuals, groups, nations, or private or public organizations for total health care and/or its various components. These amounts may or may not be equivalent to the actual costs (HEALTH CARE COSTS) and may or may not be shared among the patient, insurers, and/or employers.

A group of people with a common cultural heritage that sets them apart from others in a variety of social relationships.

Living facilities for humans.

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

A social science dealing with group relationships, patterns of collective behavior, and social organization.

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

Individuals or groups with no or inadequate health insurance coverage. Those falling into this category usually comprise three primary groups: the medically indigent (MEDICAL INDIGENCY); those whose clinical condition makes them medically uninsurable; and the working uninsured.

A severe gangrenous process occurring predominantly in debilitated and malnourished children, especially in underdeveloped countries. It typically begins as a small vesicle or ulcer on the gingiva that rapidly becomes necrotic and spreads to produce extensive destruction of the buccal and labial mucosa and tissues of the face, which may result in severe disfigurement and even death. Various bacteria have been implicated in the etiology. (Dorland, 27th ed)

All of Africa except Northern Africa (AFRICA, NORTHERN).

The study of the social determinants and social effects of health and disease, and of the social structure of medical institutions or professions.

The legal relation between an entity (individual, group, corporation, or-profit, secular, government) and an object. The object may be corporeal, such as equipment, or completely a creature of law, such as a patent; it may be movable, such as an animal, or immovable, such as a building.

An infant during the first month after birth.

The status of health in rural populations.

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

The absence of certain expected and acceptable cultural phenomena in the environment which results in the failure of the individual to communicate and respond in the most appropriate manner within the context of society. Language acquisition and language use are commonly used in assessing this concept.

The Christian faith, practice, or system of the Catholic Church, specifically the Roman Catholic, the Christian church that is characterized by a hierarchic structure of bishops and priests in which doctrinal and disciplinary authority are dependent upon apostolic succession, with the pope as head of the episcopal college. (From Webster, 3d ed; American Heritage Dictionary, 2d college ed)

The measurement of the health status for a given population using a variety of indices, including morbidity, mortality, and available health resources.

The science, art or practice of cultivating soil, producing crops, and raising livestock.

Insurance providing coverage of medical, surgical, or hospital care in general or for which there is no specific heading.

Continuous sequential changes which occur in the physiological and psychological functions during the life-time of an individual.

Statistical interpretation and description of a population with reference to distribution, composition, or structure.

The science dealing with the earth and its life, especially the description of land, sea, and air and the distribution of plant and animal life, including humanity and human industries with reference to the mutual relations of these elements. (From Webster, 3d ed)

Decisions, usually developed by government policymakers, for determining present and future objectives pertaining to the health care system.

Situations affecting a significant number of people, that are believed to be sources of difficulty or threaten the stability of the community, and that require programs of amelioration.

The protection, preservation, restoration, and rational use of all resources in the total environment.

The state of being engaged in an activity or service for wages or salary.

Conversations with an individual or individuals held in order to obtain information about their background and other personal biographical data, their attitudes and opinions, etc. It includes school admission or job interviews.

The state of not being engaged in a gainful occupation.

A republic in eastern Africa, south of ETHIOPIA, west of SOMALIA with TANZANIA to its south, and coastline on the Indian Ocean. Its capital is Nairobi.

Planning that has the goals of improving health, improving accessibility to health services, and promoting efficiency in the provision of services and resources on a comprehensive basis for a whole community. (From Facts on File Dictionary of Health Care Management, 1988, p299)

Studies in which variables relating to an individual or group of individuals are assessed over a period of time.

Female parents, human or animal.

Acquisition of knowledge as a result of instruction in a formal course of study.

Biological adaptation, such as the rise of EPINEPHRINE in response to exercise, stress or perceived danger, followed by a fall of epinephrine during RELAXATION. Allostasis is the achievement of stability by turning on and turning off the allostatic systems including the IMMUNE SYSTEM; the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM and NEUROENDOCRINE SYSTEMS.

Individuals whose ancestral origins are in the continent of Africa.

An imbalanced nutritional status resulted from insufficient intake of nutrients to meet normal physiological requirement.

Organized services to provide health care for children.

Healthy People Programs are a set of health objectives to be used by governments, communities, professional organizations, and others to help develop programs to improve health. It builds on initiatives pursued over the past two decades beginning with the 1979 Surgeon General's Report, Healthy People, Healthy People 2000: National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives, and Healthy People 2010. These established national health objectives and served as the basis for the development of state and community plans. These are administered by the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (ODPHP). Similar programs are conducted by other national governments.

The branch of medicine concerned with diseases, mainly of parasitic origin, common in tropical and subtropical regions.

Organized efforts by communities or organizations to improve the health and well-being of the mother.

A natural, adoptive, or substitute parent of a dependent child, who lives with only one parent. The single parent may live with or visit the child. The concept includes the never-married, as well as the divorced and widowed.

A republic in southern Africa, the southernmost part of Africa. It has three capitals: Pretoria (administrative), Cape Town (legislative), and Bloemfontein (judicial). Officially the Republic of South Africa since 1960, it was called the Union of South Africa 1910-1960.

Activities concerned with governmental policies, functions, etc.

All deaths reported in a given population.

The desire for FOOD generated by a sensation arising from the lack of food in the STOMACH.

A geographical area of the United States with no definite boundaries but comprising northeastern Alabama, northwestern Georgia, northwestern South Carolina, western North Carolina, eastern Kentucky, eastern Tennessee, western Virginia, West Virginia, western Maryland, southwestern Pennsylvania, southern Ohio, and southern New York.

A province of eastern Canada. Its capital is Quebec. The region belonged to France from 1627 to 1763 when it was lost to the British. The name is from the Algonquian quilibek meaning the place where waters narrow, referring to the gradually narrowing channel of the St. Lawrence or to the narrows of the river at Cape Diamond. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p993 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p440)

The process of leaving one's country to establish residence in a foreign country.

The geographic area of Latin America in general and when the specific country or countries are not indicated. It usually includes Central America, South America, Mexico, and the islands of the Caribbean.

The concept concerned with all aspects of providing and distributing health services to a patient population.

A social group consisting of parents or parent substitutes and children.

Health services required by a population or community as well as the health services that the population or community is able and willing to pay for.

The planned upgrading of a deteriorating urban area, involving rebuilding, renovation, or restoration. It frequently refers to programs of major demolition and rebuilding of blighted areas.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

Child who has lost both parents through death or desertion.

Number of deaths of children between one year of age to 12 years of age in a given population.

Postnatal deaths from BIRTH to 365 days after birth in a given population. Postneonatal mortality represents deaths between 28 days and 365 days after birth (as defined by National Center for Health Statistics). Neonatal mortality represents deaths from birth to 27 days after birth.

A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.

Children with mental or physical disabilities that interfere with usual activities of daily living and that may require accommodation or intervention.

The development and establishment of environmental conditions favorable to the health of the public.

The area that lies between continental North and South America and comprises the Caribbean Sea, the West Indies, and the adjacent mainland regions of southern Mexico, Central America, Colombia, and Venezuela.

Individual or group aggressive behavior which is socially non-acceptable, turbulent, and often destructive. It is precipitated by frustrations, hostility, prejudices, etc.

Disorders caused by nutritional imbalance, either overnutrition or undernutrition, occurring in children ages 2 to 12 years.

Stress wherein emotional factors predominate.

Generally refers to the amount of protection available and the kind of loss which would be paid for under an insurance contract with an insurer. (Slee & Slee, Health Care Terms, 2d ed)

Systematic gathering of data for a particular purpose from various sources, including questionnaires, interviews, observation, existing records, and electronic devices. The process is usually preliminary to statistical analysis of the data.

A republic in southern Africa, east of ZAMBIA and BOTSWANA and west of MOZAMBIQUE. Its capital is Harare. It was formerly called Rhodesia and Southern Rhodesia.

Branch of medicine concerned with the prevention and control of disease and disability, and the promotion of physical and mental health of the population on the international, national, state, or municipal level.

Social welfare organizations with programs designed to assist individuals in need.

A preconceived judgment made without factual basis.

A violation of the criminal law, i.e., a breach of the conduct code specifically sanctioned by the state, which through its administrative agencies prosecutes offenders and imposes and administers punishments. The concept includes unacceptable actions whether prosecuted or going unpunished.

The continuous sequential physiological and psychological maturing of an individual from birth up to but not including ADOLESCENCE.

The relating of causes to the effects they produce. Causes are termed necessary when they must always precede an effect and sufficient when they initiate or produce an effect. Any of several factors may be associated with the potential disease causation or outcome, including predisposing factors, enabling factors, precipitating factors, reinforcing factors, and risk factors.

Food or financial assistance for food given to those in need.

The rights of the individual to cultural, social, economic, and educational opportunities as provided by society, e.g., right to work, right to education, and right to social security.

The concept pertaining to the health status of inhabitants of the world.

People who leave their place of residence in one country and settle in a different country.

Performing the role of a parent by care-giving, nurturance, and protection of the child by a natural or substitute parent. The parent supports the child by exercising authority and through consistent, empathic, appropriate behavior in response to the child's needs. PARENTING differs from CHILD REARING in that in child rearing the emphasis is on the act of training or bringing up the children and the interaction between the parent and child, while parenting emphasizes the responsibility and qualities of exemplary behavior of the parent.

A subgroup having special characteristics within a larger group, often bound together by special ties which distinguish it from the larger group.

The process whereby a society changes from a rural to an urban way of life. It refers also to the gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas.

Federal program, created by Public Law 89-97, Title XIX, a 1965 amendment to the Social Security Act, administered by the states, that provides health care benefits to indigent and medically indigent persons.

Amounts charged to the patient as payer for health care services.

The interchange of goods or commodities, especially on a large scale, between different countries or between populations within the same country. It includes trade (the buying, selling, or exchanging of commodities, whether wholesale or retail) and business (the purchase and sale of goods to make a profit). (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed, p411, p2005 & p283)

Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.

Ongoing scrutiny of a population (general population, study population, target population, etc.), generally using methods distinguished by their practicability, uniformity, and frequently their rapidity, rather than by complete accuracy.

It is the study of social phenomena which characterize the learned, shared, and transmitted social activities of particular ethnic groups with focus on the causes, consequences, and complexities of human social and cultural variability.

Those funds disbursed for facilities and equipment, particularly those related to the delivery of health care.

Significant decline in economic activity spread across the economy, lasting more than a few months, normally visible in real gross domestic product, real income, employment, industrial production, and wholesale-retail sales. (National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, www.nber.org/cycles.html, accessed 4/23/2009)

The frequency of different ages or age groups in a given population. The distribution may refer to either how many or what proportion of the group. The population is usually patients with a specific disease but the concept is not restricted to humans and is not restricted to medicine.

The area of a nation's economy that is tax-supported and under government control.

The science of controlling or modifying those conditions, influences, or forces surrounding man which relate to promoting, establishing, and maintaining health.

State of the body in relation to the consumption and utilization of nutrients.

Statistical measures of utilization and other aspects of the provision of health care services including hospitalization and ambulatory care.

Organized groups serving in advisory capacities related to health planning activities.

Countries that have reached a level of economic achievement through an increase of production, per capita income and consumption, and utilization of natural and human resources.

Interactional process combining investigation, discussion, and agreement by a number of people in the preparation and carrying out of a program to ameliorate conditions of need or social pathology in the community. It usually involves the action of a formal political, legal, or recognized voluntary body.

The geographic area of the southeastern region of the United States in general or when the specific state or states are not included. The states usually included in this region are Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, West Virginia, and Virginia.

Encouraging consumer behaviors most likely to optimize health potentials (physical and psychosocial) through health information, preventive programs, and access to medical care.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Computer systems capable of assembling, storing, manipulating, and displaying geographically referenced information, i.e. data identified according to their locations.

The obtaining and management of funds for institutional needs and responsibility for fiscal affairs.

A systematic collection of factual data pertaining to the nutritional status of a human population within a given geographic area. Data from these surveys are used in preparing NUTRITION ASSESSMENTS.

Support systems that provide assistance and encouragement to individuals with physical or emotional disabilities in order that they may better cope. Informal social support is usually provided by friends, relatives, or peers, while formal assistance is provided by churches, groups, etc.

Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Criteria to determine eligibility of patients for medical care programs and services.

Housing subsidized by tax funds, usually intended for low income persons or families.

Pregnancy in human adolescent females under the age of 19.

Any group of three or more full-time dentists, organized in a legally recognized entity for the provision of dental care, sharing space, equipment, personnel and records for both patient care and business management, and who have a predetermined arrangement for the distribution of income.

Facilities provided for human excretion, often with accompanying handwashing facilities.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

Social process whereby the values, attitudes, or institutions of society, such as education, family, religion, and industry become modified. It includes both the natural process and action programs initiated by members of the community.

Services for the diagnosis and treatment of disease and the maintenance of health.

The quality or state of relating to or affecting two or more nations. (After Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary, 10th ed)

Behaviors expressed by individuals to protect, maintain or promote their health status. For example, proper diet, and appropriate exercise are activities perceived to influence health status. Life style is closely associated with health behavior and factors influencing life style are socioeconomic, educational, and cultural.

Those occurrences, including social, psychological, and environmental, which require an adjustment or effect a change in an individual's pattern of living.

Preferentially rated health-related activities or functions to be used in establishing health planning goals. This may refer specifically to PL93-641.

Any type of research that employs nonnumeric information to explore individual or group characteristics, producing findings not arrived at by statistical procedures or other quantitative means. (Qualitative Inquiry: A Dictionary of Terms Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1997)

All organized methods of funding.

The science dealing with the establishment and maintenance of health in the individual and the group. It includes the conditions and practices conducive to health. (Webster, 3d ed)

The statistical manipulation of hierarchically and non-hierarchically nested data. It includes clustered data, such as a sample of subjects within a group of schools. Prevalent in the social, behavioral sciences, and biomedical sciences, both linear and nonlinear regression models are applied.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

A collective expression for all behavior patterns acquired and socially transmitted through symbols. Culture includes customs, traditions, and language.

The circumstances in which people are born, grow up, live, work, and age, as well as the systems put in place to deal with illness. These circumstances are in turn shaped by a wider set of forces: economics, social policies, and politics (http://www.cdc.gov/socialdeterminants/).

Human females as cultural, psychological, sociological, political, and economic entities.

Diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive health services provided for individuals in the community.

Federal, state, or local government organized methods of financial assistance.

The number of males and females in a given population. The distribution may refer to how many men or women or what proportion of either in the group. The population is usually patients with a specific disease but the concept is not restricted to humans and is not restricted to medicine.

The absence of appropriate stimuli in the physical or social environment which are necessary for the emotional, social, and intellectual development of the individual.

The systematic surveying, mapping, charting, and description of specific geographical sites, with reference to the physical features that were presumed to influence health and disease. Medical topography should be differentiated from EPIDEMIOLOGY in that the former emphasizes geography whereas the latter emphasizes disease outbreaks.

The social institution involving legal and/or religious sanction whereby individuals are joined together.

Differential treatment or unequal access to opportunities, based on group membership such as origin or ethnicity.

Medical services for which no payment is received. Uncompensated care includes charity care and bad debts.

A philosophically coherent set of propositions (for example, utilitarianism) which attempts to provide general norms for the guidance and evaluation of moral conduct. (from Beauchamp and Childress, Principles of Biomedical Ethics, 4th ed)

Time period from 1801 through 1900 of the common era.

An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.

Prepared food that is ready to eat or partially prepared food that has a final preparation time of a few minutes or less.

A geographic area defined and served by a health program or institution.

Any substances taken in by the body that provide nourishment.

The condition in which individuals are financially unable to access adequate medical care without depriving themselves and their dependents of food, clothing, shelter, and other essentials of living.

The state wherein the person is well adjusted.

Economic determinants and dietary consequences of food insecurity in the United States. (1/4330)

This paper reviews recent research on the economic determinants and dietary consequences of food insecurity and hunger in the United States. The new Current Population Study (CPS) food insecurity and hunger measure shows that hunger rates decline sharply with rising incomes. Despite this strong relationship, confirmed in other national datasets, a one-to-one correspondence between poverty-level incomes and hunger does not exist. In 1995, 13.1% of those in poverty experienced hunger and half of those experiencing hunger had incomes above the poverty level. Panel data indicate that those who are often food insufficient are much more likely than food-sufficient households to have experienced recent events that stress household budgets, such as losing a job, gaining a household member or losing food stamps. Cross-sectional work also demonstrates the importance of food stamps because benefit levels are inversely related to food insufficiency. Concern for the dietary consequences of domestic food insufficiency is well placed; recent research shows that the odds of consuming intakes <50% of the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) are higher for adult women and elderly individuals from food-insufficient households. Preschoolers from food-insufficient households do not consume significantly lower amounts than those from food-sufficient households, but mean intakes for the rest of members in those very same households are significantly lower for the food insufficient. This research highlights the importance of food insecurity and hunger indicators, further validates the use of self-reported measures and points to areas of need for future research and interventions. (+info)

Food insecurity: consequences for the household and broader social implications. (2/4330)

A conceptual framework showing the household and social implications of food insecurity was elicited from a qualitative and quantitative study of 98 households from a heterogeneous low income population of Quebec city and rural surroundings; the study was designed to increase understanding of the experience of food insecurity in order to contribute to its prevention. According to the respondents' description, the experience of food insecurity is characterized by two categories of manifestations, i.e., the core characteristics of the phenomenon and a related set of actions and reactions by the household. This second category of manifestations is considered here as a first level of consequences of food insecurity. These consequences at the household level often interact with the larger environment to which the household belongs. On a chronic basis, the resulting interactions have certain implications that are tentatively labeled "social implications" in this paper. Their examination suggests that important aspects of human development depend on food security. It also raises questions concerning the nature of socially acceptable practices of food acquisition and food management, and how such acceptability can be assessed. Guidelines to that effect are proposed. Findings underline the relevance and urgency of working toward the realization of the right to food. (+info)

Predicting longitudinal growth curves of height and weight using ecological factors for children with and without early growth deficiency. (3/4330)

Growth curve models were used to examine the effect of genetic and ecological factors on changes in height and weight of 225 children from low income, urban families who were assessed up to eight times in the first 6 y of life. Children with early growth deficiency [failure to thrive (FTT)] (n = 127) and a community sample of children without growth deficiency (n = 98) were examined to evaluate how genetic, child and family characteristics influenced growth. Children of taller and heavier parents, who were recruited at younger ages and did not have a history of growth deficiency, had accelerated growth from recruitment through age 6 y. In addition, increases in height were associated with better health, less difficult temperament, nurturant mothers and female gender; increases in weight were associated with better health. Children with a history of growth deficiency demonstrated slower rates of growth than children in the community group without a history of growth deficiency. In the community group, changes in children's height and weight were related to maternal perceptions of health and temperament and maternal nurturance during feeding, whereas in the FTT group, maternal perceptions and behavior were not in synchrony with children's growth. These findings suggest that, in addition to genetic factors, growth is dependent on a nurturant and sensitive caregiving system. Interventions to promote growth should consider child and family characteristics, including maternal perceptions of children's health and temperament and maternal mealtime behavior. (+info)

Influence of prenatal iron and zinc supplements on supplemental iron absorption, red blood cell iron incorporation, and iron status in pregnant Peruvian women. (4/4330)

BACKGROUND: It is estimated that 60% of pregnant women worldwide are anemic. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the influence of iron status on iron absorption during pregnancy by measuring supplemental iron absorption, red blood cell iron incorporation, and iron status in pregnant women. DESIGN: Subjects were 45 pregnant Peruvian women (33+/-1 wk gestation), of whom 28 received daily prenatal supplements containing 60 mg Fe and 250 microg folate without (Fe group, n = 14) or with (Fe+Zn group, n = 14) 15 mg Zn, which were were consumed from week 10 to 24 of gestation until delivery. The remaining 17 women (control) received no prenatal supplementation. Iron status indicators and isotopes were measured in maternal blood collected 2 wk postdosing with oral (57Fe) and intravenous (58Fe) stable iron isotopes. RESULTS: Maternal serum ferritin and folate concentrations were significantly influenced by supplementation (P < 0.05). Serum iron was also significantly higher in the Fe than in the Fe+Zn (P < 0.03) or control (P < 0.001) groups. However, the supplemented groups had significantly lower serum zinc concentrations than the control group (8.4+/-2.3 and 10.9+/-1.8 micromol/L, respectively, P < 0.01). Although percentage iron absorption was inversely related to maternal serum ferritin concentrations (P = 0.036), this effect was limited and percentage iron absorption did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Because absorption of nonheme iron was not substantially greater in pregnant women with depleted iron reserves, prenatal iron supplementation is important for meeting iron requirements during pregnancy. (+info)

Geography of intestinal permeability and absorption. (5/4330)

BACKGROUND: Intestinal morphology and function vary geographically. AIMS: These functions were assessed in asymptomatic volunteers in European, North American, Middle Eastern, Asian, African, and Caribbean countries. METHODS: Five hour urine collections were obtained from each subject following ingestion of a 100 ml iso-osmolar test solution containing 3-0-methyl-D-glucose, D-xylose, L-rhamnose, and lactulose after an overnight fast, to assess active (3-0-methyl-D-glucose) and passive (D-xylose) carrier mediated, and non-mediated (L-rhamnose) absorption capacity, as well as intestinal permeability (lactulose:rhamnose ratio). RESULTS: A comparison of results for subjects from tropical countries (n=218) with those resident in the combined temperate and subtropical region (Europe, United States, Qatar) (n=224) showed significant differences. Residents in tropical areas had a higher mean lactulose:rhamnose ratio and lower mean five hour recoveries of 3-0-methyl-D-glucose, D-xylose, and L-rhamnose, indicating higher intestinal permeability and lower absorptive capacity. Investigation of visiting residents suggested that differences in intestinal permeability and absorptive capacity were related to the area of residence. Subjects from Texas and Qatar, although comprised of several ethnic groups and resident in a subtropical area, showed no significant difference from European subjects. CONCLUSIONS: There are clearly demarcated variations in intestinal permeability and absorptive capacity affecting asymptomatic residents of different geographical areas which correspond with the condition described as tropical enteropathy. Results suggest the importance of environmental factors. The parameters investigated may be relevant to the predisposition of the indigenous population and travellers to diarrhoeal illness and malnutrition. Intestinal function in patients from the tropics may be difficult to interpret, but should take into account the range of values found in the asymptomatic normal population. (+info)

Prevalence and social correlates of cardiovascular disease risk factors in Harlem. (6/4330)

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the prevalence, social correlates, and clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors in a predominantly Black, poor, urban community. METHODS: Associations of risk factor prevalences with sociodemographic variables were examined in a population-based sample of 695 men and women aged 18 to 65 years living in Central Harlem. RESULTS: One third of the men and women were hypertensive, 48% of the men and 41% of the women were smokers, 25% of the men and 49% of the women were overweight, and 23% of the men and 35% of the women reported no leisure-time physical activity over the past month. More than 80% of the men and women had at least 1 of these risk factors, and 9% of the men and 19% of the women had 3 or more risk factors. Income and education were inversely related to hypertension, smoking, and physical inactivity. Having 3 or more risk factors was associated with low income and low education (extreme odds ratio [OR] = 10.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.0, 34.5 for education; OR = 3.7, CI = 1.6, 8.9 for income) and with a history of unstable work or of homelessness. CONCLUSIONS: Disadvantaged, urban communities are at high risk for cardiovascular disease. These results highlight the importance of socioenvironmental factors in shaping cardiovascular risk. (+info)

Efficacy of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines and persistence of disease in disadvantaged populations. The Haemophilus Influenzae Study Group. (7/4330)

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccines among children aged 2 to 18 months and to determine risk factors for invasive Hib disease during a period of declining incidence (1991-1994). METHODS: A prospective population-based case-control study was conducted in a multistate US population of 15.5 million. A laboratory-based active surveillance system was used for case detection. RESULTS: In a multivariate analysis, having a single-parent mother (odds ratio [OR] = 4.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2, 14.8) and household crowding (OR = 3.5, 95% CI = 1.03, 11.7) were risk factors for Hib disease independent of vaccination status. After adjustment for these risk factors, the protective efficacy of 2 or more Hib vaccine doses was 86% (95% CI = 16%, 98%). Among undervaccinated subjects, living with a smoker (P = .02) and several indicators of lower socioeconomic status were risk factors for Hib disease. CONCLUSIONS: Hib disease still occurs at low levels in the United States, predominantly in socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. Low immunization coverage may facilitate continuing transmission of Hib. Special efforts to achieve complete and timely immunization in disadvantaged populations are needed. (+info)

Abbreviated measures of food sufficiency validly estimate the food security level of poor households: measuring household food security. (8/4330)

This study was designed to develop an abbreviated method that captures both the qualitative and quantitative dimensions of household food security (HFS). Women in poor and very poor households (n = 238) in a peri-urban barrio in Caracas, Venezuela, provided data on food availability and their perception of food resource constraints and hunger experiences within the home. Socioeconomic data and food-related behavior that may predict HFS levels were gathered. On average, the top 12 food contributors of energy provided 81% and predicted more than 90% of the variation in households' total energy availability using stepwise regression analysis. On the other hand, a 4-point 12-item scale was shown to have face, content and construct validity with reiterative testing, factor analysis and a Chronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.92. Assessing predictors of energy availability together with a self-perceived HFS scale may provide a valid and reliable method for identifying and monitoring food security levels among poor urban households. (+info)

Relational poverty is the idea that societal poverty exists if there is a lack of human relationships. Relational poverty can ... Benedict XVI distinguished "poverty chosen" (the poverty of spirit proposed by Jesus), and "poverty to be fought" (unjust and ... Absolute poverty, often synonymous with 'extreme poverty' or 'abject poverty', refers to a set standard which is consistent ... Fuel Poverty: From Cold Homes to Affordable Warmth (1991). Naming the intersection of energy and poverty as "energy poverty" ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty

v t e Near poverty in economics refers to the state of living on an income marginally above the poverty line, defined by the U. ... Children are particularly at risk of poverty and near-poverty. About thirty per cent of adults (18-64 years old) live in near- ... El Nasser, Haya (May 1, 2014). "Census: U.S. has fewer 'near poor' as many slip into true poverty". Al Jazeera. Retrieved July ... Hokayem, Charles; Heggeness, Misty L. (May 2014). "Living in Near Poverty in the United States: 1966-2012" (PDF). United States ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_poverty

... the peculiar virtues of poverty row,Calender,Chicago Reader POVERTY ROW FROM UCLA,Cinematheque Preserving Poverty Row: Q&A with ... Poverty Row is a slang term used to refer to Hollywood films produced from the 1920s to the 1950s by small (and mostly short- ... While some Poverty Row studios had a brief existence, releasing only a few films, others operated on more-or-less the same ... Many of the films of Poverty Row were Westerns, including series such as Billy the Kid, starring Buster Crabbe, from Producers ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_Row

As a result, rural poverty in the U.S. is more persistent than urban poverty - 95 percent of persistent poverty counties in the ... "Persistent Poverty and Place: How Do Persistent Poverty and Poverty Demographics Vary Across the Rural Urban Continuum?" ... Both rural poverty and spatial inequality are global phenomena, but like poverty in general, there are higher rates of rural ... Rural poverty refers to poverty in rural areas, including factors of rural society, rural economy, and political systems that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rural_poverty

Poverty was meant to be an insult. Poverty has been noted for its unusual place name. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names ... Poverty is an unincorporated community located in McLean County, Kentucky, United States. Poverty was named by William Short, a ... Information System: Poverty, Kentucky Rennick, Robert M. (2013). Kentucky Place Names. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty,_Kentucky

... is the fourth album from Naughty by Nature, released on May 30, 1995, as their final album under Tommy Boy ... "Poverty's Paradise - Naughty by Nature". AllMusic. Retrieved September 12, 2012. Johnson, Martin (June 8, 1995). "Naughty By ... Coker, Cheo H. (June 15, 1995). "Naughty By Nature: Poverty's Paradise". Rolling Stone. Wenner Media. Archived from the ... Bernard, James (May 19, 1995). "Poverty's Paradise". Entertainment Weekly. Time Inc. Retrieved June 13, 2013. Album reviews at ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty's_Paradise

Make Poverty History Poor relief Poverty in the United States Poverty threshold Poverty trap Private sector development ... Poverty reduction, poverty relief, or poverty alleviation, is a set of measures, both economic and humanitarian, that are ... Overcoming Human Poverty: UNDP Poverty Report 2000. New York: United Nations Publications. Kerbo, Harold (2005). World Poverty ... In addition to engendering poverty and poverty interventions, a correlation between greater gender equality and greater poverty ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_reduction

... on YouTube v t e v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, 2012 films, ... Fuelling Poverty is a 2012 Nigerian documentary by Ishaya Bako that narrates the activities of the Occupy Nigeria movement when ... "Fuelling Poverty-A Documentary About The Fuel Subsidy Fraud And The #Occupy Nigeria Movement". Saharareporters.com. December 3 ... "Fuelling Poverty documentary goes viral after Nigeria ban". Premiumtimesng.com. 15 April 2013. Retrieved 29 July 2014. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuelling_Poverty

... work in Haiti is guided by questions such as, What will make Haiti better years down the road? Poverty ... "Press Release - Poverty Resolutions Set to Release Film and Continue Work in Haiti." Press Release - Poverty Resolutions Set to ... "About Us." Poverty Resolutions. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. Goldberg, Eleanor. "Poverty Resolutions, Micro-loan Nonprofit, ... "Poverty Resolutions' Media Campaign Seeks to Educate and Engage Youth." Poverty Resolutions' Media Campaign Seeks to Educate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_Resolutions

... is the second release from Indianapolis thrash band Demiricous. It was released through Metal Blade Records in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_(Poverty)

... is a common name for several plants and may refer to: Any of several grasses that grow in poor or sandy soil, for ... poverty oatgrass Any of several plants in the genus Hudsonia that grow up on beaches During the Dust Bowl period of The Great ... Depression, struggling farmers in Oklahoma referred to certain fluffy-headed grasses as "poverty grass". Those grasses had very ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_grass

... , deep poverty, abject poverty, absolute poverty, destitution, or penury, is the most severe type of poverty, ... "chronic poverty" (extreme poverty), linking the eradication of extreme poverty by allowing people currently experiencing it a ... In 2018, extreme poverty mainly refers to an income below the international poverty line of $1.90 per day (in 2011 prices, $ ... The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), based on the Alkire-Foster Method, is published by the Oxford Poverty & Human ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_poverty

"To End Global Poverty We Need More Evidence, Not Less Aid: A Review of "Poverty, Inc."". Shared Justice. Retrieved 2022-01-29. ... Cape, Jessi (2014-10-29). "Austin Film Festival: Poverty, Inc. : Doc uncovers ugly truths in the booming global-poverty aid ... Leeds International Film Festival POverty, Inc. Archived 2015-01-19 at the Wayback Machine The SIMA Collection Poverty, Inc. ... Poverty, Inc. Doc uncovers ugly truths in the booming global-poverty aid industry By Jessi Cape, 8:00 am, Wed. Oct. 29, 2014 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty,_Inc.

The extreme poverty rate of a population is the percentage of families earning less than half of the poverty threshold. For a ... These figures are absolute poverty rates as determined by the US Census. In 2010, the poverty threshold for a family of four ... On large reservations, the extreme poverty rate is as much as six times the national rate. On average, the extreme poverty rate ... One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation_poverty

By 1783, "Poverty Discovered" was subdivided and consisted of 400 acres. On November 3, 1793, Henry Howard sold the Poverty ... Located Cooksville in Howard County, Maryland, United States, Poverty Discovered, "Summer Hill Farm" "Poverty Discovered" is ... "HO-117 Poverty Discovered". Retrieved 21 September 2014. Joseph R. Mitchell, David Stebenne. New City Upon a Hill: A History of ... The Poverty Discovered plantation house was built c. 1760. It is log construction with brick and stone construction additions ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_Discovered

... has been part of Cape May since 1848. Much of Poverty Beach is taken up by the United States Coast Guard Training ... Poverty Beach or Sewell Point is a barrier spit, approximately 2.5 miles (4 km) in length entirely within the City of Cape May ... Poverty Beach was described in 1834 as, on the Atlantic ocean, immediately north of Cape May Island Lower t-ship, Cape May co ... Poverty Beach was widened by land reclamation involving the filling of Cape Island Sound and the creation of Cape May Harbor ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_Beach

It defines extreme poverty as living on less than US$1.90 per day. (PPP), and moderate poverty as less than $3.10 a day. It has ... The main poverty line used in the OECD and the European Union is a relative poverty measure based on 60% of the median ... The main poverty line used in the OECD and the European Union is a relative poverty measure based on "economic distance", a ... When measured, poverty may be absolute or relative. Absolute poverty refers to a set standard which is consistent over time and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measuring_poverty

ISBN 0-474-00050-8 The Poverty Bay Massacre "By A Poverty Bay Survivor". "A Dark Chapter from New Zealand History". Project ... Poverty Bay (Māori: Tūranganui-a-Kiwa) is the largest of several small bays on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island to ... Poverty Bay is one of the more fertile areas of New Zealand and famous for its Chardonnay, fruit, vegetables and avocados, with ... Poverty Bay is the home of the Māori iwi (tribes) Te Aitanga-a-Māhaki, Rongowhakaata and Ngāi Tāmanuhiri. The first European ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_Bay

... is the practice of refusing to own property, either individually or corporately. This practice of Middle Ages ... Simple living - Simplified, minimalistic lifestyle Absolute poverty of Christ - Franciscan doctrine of the 13th century ... religious communities developed based on Christian views on poverty and wealth. Practical considerations generally allow for ... Poverty, All stub articles, Christian theology stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate_poverty

Seeing The Light - Poverty Island Lighthouse Inventory of Historic Light Stations-Michigan-Poverty Island Light Le Griffon: The ... Poverty Island is a small island in the U.S. state of Michigan. The island is within Delta County in Lake Michigan and is home ... Poverty Island is currently owned by the federal government. On June 16, 2013, U.S. and French archeologists began examining an ... 37: Poverty Island" (PDF). Wisconsin Flora: 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2004-10-26. "Feature Detail Report for: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_Island

International Development Main page on poverty Accumulation by dispossession Causes of poverty Poverty trap Extreme poverty ... as well as its relationship to extreme poverty and poverty cycles. Despite positive trends in the reduction of global poverty ... Concentrated poverty is increasingly recognized as a "causal factor" in compounding the effects of poverty by isolating ... The widespread nature of extreme poverty, as well as trends pointing towards the growth of concentrated poverty, suggest a need ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_poverty

Children's rights Cycle of poverty Diseases of poverty Economic inequality Feminization of poverty Fuel poverty Hunger Income ... children who grow up in poverty often end up staying in poverty and repeating the cycle. Also, childhood poverty in the first ... Child poverty refers to the state of children living in poverty and applies to children from poor families and orphans being ... The cycle of poverty is when a family remains in poverty over many successive generations. For this reason reducing child ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_poverty

The Poverty Hills are a mountain range in northwestern Inyo County of eastern California, northwest of Bishop and the upper ... "Poverty Hills". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_Hills

The poverty penalty describes the phenomenon that poor people tend to pay more to eat, buy, and borrow than the rich. The term ... ISBN 0-02-905250-5. Brown, DeNeen L (18 May 2009). "The High Cost of Poverty: Why the Poor Pay More". Washington Post. v t e ( ... Sociological terminology, Research on poverty, All stub articles, Wealth stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_penalty

Fuel Poverty: From Cold Homes to Affordable Warmth (1991). Naming the intersection of energy and poverty as "energy poverty" ... although improving access is only one factor in efforts to reduce energy poverty. Energy poverty is distinct from fuel poverty ... approximately 50-125 million people live in fuel poverty. Like energy poverty, fuel poverty is hard to define and measure ... When energy poverty was first introduced in Boardman's book, energy poverty was described as not having enough power to heat ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_poverty

Income-focused poverty plans will not remedy the issue of asset poverty. Asset poverty will only decrease when the poor are ... Poverty in the United States Poverty threshold Poverty "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-10-07. Retrieved ... but asset poverty is continually higher than other forms of poverty such as income poverty. The reason for this difference is ... The term asset poverty is also used in a low-income / poor countries context, where the poverty line may be taken at the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asset_poverty

The poverty rate of women has increasingly exceeded that of men's. While the overall poverty rate is 12.3%, women poverty rate ... The poverty threshold, poverty limit, poverty line or breadline is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular ... Asset poverty Income deficit List of countries by percentage of population living in poverty Living wage Measuring poverty Poor ... A measure of relative poverty defines "poverty" as being below some relative poverty threshold. For example, the statement that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_threshold

The terms poverty industry or poverty business refer to a wide range of money-making activities that attract a large portion of ... "The Poverty Business". Business Week. Retrieved 4 June 2010. Rivlin, Gary (June 2010). Broke, USA: From Pawnshops to Poverty, ... These and other merchants, part of what might be called the poverty business... "EXPOSÉ on THE JOURNAL: The Business of Poverty ... In some cases, the poverty industry directly takes advantage of poverty-alleviation initiatives (e.g. formal, government- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_industry

Creeks that originate on Poverty Ridge include Calaveras and Penitencia Creeks. "Poverty Ridge". Geographic Names Information ... Poverty Ridge is a ridge in unincorporated Santa Clara County, California, east of Milpitas. Calaveras Valley lies to its west ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_Ridge

... and enabled them to practise apostolic poverty without the inconvenience of actual poverty". And on 12 November 1323 he issued ... Apostolic poverty is a Christian doctrine professed in the thirteenth century by the newly formed religious orders, known as ... Christian views on poverty and wealth Norman F. Cantor, 1992. The Civilization of the Middle Ages, p 262f. "Provocative": ... The doctrine of apostolic poverty was condemned as heresy in 1323, but it continued to be a source of debate. One group which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostolic_poverty

National Poverty Fellows Program Call for Applications for the 2023-2024 Fellowship Year - Due 11/30/2022. ... Foster Family Characteristics and Childrens Educational OutcomesInstitute for Research on Poverty Lunch and Learn Talk - Emma ... National Dissertation Award for Research on Poverty and Economic Mobility 2023-2024 - Call for Applications - Due 1/25/2023, 11 ... IRP Extramural Small Grant on Poverty, Retirement, and Disability Research 2023-2024 - Call for Applications - Due 2/8/2023, 11 ...

https://www.irp.wisc.edu/

In its report, The Criminalization of Poverty: How to break the cycle through policy reform in Maryland, JOTF found that ... The Criminalization of Poverty: How to Break the Cycle Through Policy Reform in Maryland. ... Home Reports The Criminalization of Poverty: How to Break the Cycle Through Policy Reform in Maryland ... creating a vicious cycle of poverty that has been criminalized through Marylands current laws. ...

https://jotf.org/report/the-criminalization-of-poverty-how-to-break-the-cycle-through-policy-reform-in-maryland/

The first measure-a ratio of family income to federal poverty threshold-is constructed using poverty thresholds from the U.S. ... The second poverty measure used in Health, United States is a ratio of family income to the U.S. Department of Health and Human ... Two related versions of federal poverty measures are shown in Health, United States. ... poverty guidelines. Poverty guidelines are derived from the Census Bureaus poverty thresholds and issued annually by HHS. ...

https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/sources-definitions/poverty.htm

How many countries in Africa are in poverty? How is poverty in Africa measured? How can I help reduce poverty in Africa? ... What are the causes of poverty in Africa? ... But poverty is much more than a lack of money.. Poverty is not ... What is Poverty?. Poverty is a complex problem. The most widely held definition of poverty measures poverty in economic terms. ... Children and Poverty. Poverty in Africa Preys Upon the Most Vulnerable. Children living in extreme poverty in Africa are ...

https://www.compassion.com/poverty/poverty-in-africa.htm

1994)‎. Health and Poverty.. WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/127529 ...

https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/127529

Another of SANXTUARY MDs goals is helping eliminate period poverty, which the company describes as "the inability to access ... Cite this: How One Physician Is Combating Period Poverty - Medscape - Feb 14, 2022. ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/968424

Other candidates on Welfare & Poverty:. Tom Udall on other issues:. NM Gubernatorial:. Deb Haaland. Gary Johnson. Gary King. ... Click here for definitions & background information on Welfare & Poverty. *Click here for a Wikipedia profile of Tom Udall. * ... Source: Global Poverty Act (S.2433/H.R.1302) 2007-S2433 on Dec 7, 2007 Reduce the concentration of wealth & wage inequality.. ... Help Working Families Lift Themselves from Poverty In the 1990s, Americans resolved to end welfare dependency and forge a new ...

https://www.ontheissues.org/Economic/Tom_Udall_Welfare_+_Poverty.htm

Click here for definitions & background information on Welfare & Poverty. *Click here for policy papers on Welfare & Poverty. * ... Other candidates on Welfare & Poverty:. Chuck Baldwin on other issues:. 2016 Presidential Candidates: Donald Trump(R-NY) Gov. ... Welfare/Poverty About Chuck Baldwin: Profile AmericansElect quiz MyOcracy quiz Wikipedia Ballotpedia ... Chuck Baldwin on Welfare & Poverty Constitution Party nominee for President; Reform Party nominee in several states. ...

https://ontheissues.org/2016/Chuck_Baldwin_Welfare_+_Poverty.htm

... give me proof of one person other than the Southern Poverty Law Center thats ever called it that. Thats a fiction out of your ...

https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/individual/gordon-baum

China Focus: China fights for final victory over poverty. * Path out of poverty: Chinese villagers spend 6 years building cliff ... More efforts must be put into eliminating the roots of poverty, in order to set a stronger and more stable basis for poverty ... Senior political advisors discuss targeted poverty relief Source: Xinhua, 2017-08-29 00:32:52,Editor: Yang Yi ... The meeting focused on providing suggestions and solutions to problems in the work of targeted poverty relief. (Xinhua/Li Tao) ...

http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-08/29/c_136563006.htm

Social protection, poverty and the post-2015 agenda Social protection, poverty and the post-2015 agenda ... The authors ask what it would take for social protection programs to contribute to halving the poverty gap in a country. ... It develops, for discussion, a set of candidate goals, indicators and targets for the acceleration of poverty reduction through ... Focusing on the goal of ending poverty, the paper estimates that social protection programs are currently preventing 150 ...

https://eldis.org/document/A68823

1994)‎. Health and Poverty.. WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia. https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/ ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/127529?locale-attribute=zh&

Poverty is associated with the undermining of a range of key human attributes, including health. ... Poverty is often defined in absolute terms of low income - less than US$2 a day, for example. But in reality, the consequences ... Poverty is associated with the undermining of a range of key human attributes, including health. The poor are often exposed to ... Infectious diseases have historically dominated the African Region but poverty impacts noncommunicable diseases such as ...

https://www.afro.who.int/fr/node/3883

505 Eighth Avenue Suite 1212 New York, NY 10018 ...

https://whyhunger.org/iowa-hunger-and-poverty-profile/articles/

... dc.contributor.author. World Health Organization. en_US. ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/329926?locale-attribute=fr&show=full

... poverty threshold - Featured Topics from the National Center for Health Statistics ... Approximately 44% of adults with family income less than 200% of the poverty threshold had a dental visit in the past year, ...

https://blogs.cdc.gov/nchs/tag/poverty-threshold/

You will also find extensive resources on poverty estimates, trends, and analysis, plus historical information on poverty and ... More broadly, this section also encompasses issues like poverty and income dynamics, and asset building and financial literacy. ... Presented here are the poverty lines for every State and the District of Columbia. ... Federal Poverty Guidelines, which are used to determine financial eligibility for some Federal programs. ...

http://www.aspe.hhs.gov/index.php/topics/poverty-economic-mobility/?created=&created_1=&field_resource_type_target_id=All&sort_bef_combine=created_DESC&sort_by=created&sort_order=DESC&page=0

... December 7, 2011. Write a Letter to the Editor Urging Congress to Protect Head Start and ... We must support policies that help break the cycle of poverty.. As Nobel-prize winning economist James Heckman notes, investing ... Poverty Action for more background on these issues. ... Global Poverty Budget & Appropriations. *Global Fund to Fight ...

https://results.org/resources/december-2011-u-s-poverty-laser-talk

A majority of the persistent-poverty counties are nonmetro counties located in the South. ... ERS defines counties as being persistently poor if 20 percent or more of their populations were living in poverty over the last ... A strong regional pattern of poverty and persistent poverty also emerges. No persistent-poverty counties are found in the ... Even with similar patterns of change in poverty rates over time, a metro-nonmetro gap in poverty rates persists. In the 1980s, ...

https://www.ers.usda.gov/amber-waves/2004/september/persistent-poverty-is-more-pervasive-in-nonmetro-counties/

... ... 2011)‎. Resolution poverty, trade and health: an emerging health development issue (‎document AFR/RC56/9)‎. https://apps.who. ...

https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/1854

Poverty Rate in Manistee County, Michigan. *. In Manistee County, Michigan, an estimated 2,576 of 23,661 people live in poverty ... How does the poverty rate in Manistee County, Michigan compare to the US? The poverty rate in Manistee County, Michigan is ... How does the poverty rate in Manistee County, Michigan compare to the average for Michigan? The poverty rate in Manistee County ... What is the poverty rate in Manistee County, Michigan? The poverty rate in Manistee County, Michigan is 10.9%. ...

https://www.welfareinfo.org/poverty-rate/michigan/manistee-county/

Created to inform and guide research and public policy around the issue of poverty ... UC Network on Child Health, Poverty, and Public Policy The goal of this UCOP-funded pilot program on Child Health, Poverty and ... The UC Davis Center for Poverty & Inequality Research mission is to facilitate non-partisan academic research on poverty in the ... Center for Poverty and Inequality Research: Supporting and Promoting Vital Work CPIR was featured in the UC Davis Health ...

https://poverty.ucdavis.edu/

MAXIMUM 150 WORDS: Remember: front load your paragraphs! This content should include a strong opening sentence describing the health topic in the Eastern Mediterranean (include key words "Eastern Mediterranean" and health topic name for search engine optimization). You should focus on the issue as it relates to the Region and the magnitude of problem in the region, as well as a brief mention of current situation/problem.. ...

http://www.emro.who.int/health-topics/poverty/Page-1.html

Poverty and people living on the streets is on the increase, please help put this back on the agenda as people are suffering, ... Jobseeker requires a further $50 increase to assist those living on the poverty line. ... Jobseeker requires a further $50 increase to assist those living on the poverty line. ...

https://www.change.org/p/scott-morrison-jobseeker-requires-a-further-50-increase-to-assist-those-living-on-the-poverty-line

IMF News : In the books Foreword you say that "poverty is the biggest problem in the world." How is poverty the biggest ... Anti-poverty programs often fail because of an inadequate understanding of poverty by policymakers. So argues Abhijit Banerjee ... Living in poverty, Tsunza Village, Kenya. Fuel and water subsidies benefit the rich more than the poor, says MITs Abhijit ... IMF News : You also speak a lot about poverty traps. Do you think there are circumstances in which people or groups of people ...

https://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2016/08/19/na081916-rethinking-poverty

As part of its commitment to move over 100 million Nigerians out of poverty by the year 2030, the federal government has ... As part of its commitment to move over 100 million Nigerians out of poverty by the year 2030, the federal government has ... Govt launches projects to lift 100 million Nigerians out of poverty. 7th June 2021 ...

https://www.sunnewsonline.com/govt-launches-projects-to-lift-100-million-nigerians-out-of-poverty/

An assessment of Surjit Bhallas arguments and evidence in Imagine Theres No Country: Poverty, Inequality, and Growth in the ...

https://www.piie.com/commentary/speeches-papers/have-we-already-met-millennium-development-goal-poverty

Povertys Paradise Sealed 2019 180gm 2LP Limited Edition Reissue, Pressed On Smoky Vinyl Housed In Wider Spine Non-Gatefold ...

https://www.audiophileusa.com/product/poverty-s-paradise-p164409.html

Poverty-Reducing Effects of the Social Safety Net - California Poverty Measure, by Program Type and Poverty Level (California ... Urban Institute: Poverty Key Reports and Research. * A Guide to Understanding Poverty Measures Used to Assess Economic Well- ... Family Income and Poverty *Children in Poverty, by Race/Ethnicity *by City, School District and County (Regions of 10,000 ... Learn More About Family Income and Poverty. Measures of Family Income and Poverty on Kidsdata.org. On kidsdata.org, family ...

https://kidsdata.org/topic/782/high-poverty-neighborhoods/table

It's also why poverty reduction efforts and programs to lower the poverty rate must be holistic, reaching into every aspect of the human experience. (compassion.com)
It develops, for discussion, a set of candidate goals, indicators and targets for the acceleration of poverty reduction through social protection. (eldis.org)
Can access to electricity from renewable sources play a role in poverty reduction? (eldis.org)
Crafting a growth strategy that enables rural Yemen to also participate in prosperity is vital for the success of poverty reduction. (worldbank.org)
Redesigning the nearly non-functioning poverty reduction monitoring system towards best-practices will help. (worldbank.org)
Understanding differences in poverty between nonmetro and metro areas of the U.S. is important to understanding differences in well-being across these areas and can help inform the policy dialogue on poverty reduction strategies. (usda.gov)
The learner knows about poverty reduction strategies and measures and is able to distinguish between deficit-based and strength-based approaches to addressing poverty. (uibk.ac.at)
The learner is able to plan, implement, evaluate and replicate activities that contribute to poverty reduction. (uibk.ac.at)
The learner is able to publicly demand and support the development and integration of policies that promote social and economic justice, risk reduction strategies and poverty eradication actions. (uibk.ac.at)
The learner is able to include poverty reduction, social justice and anti-corruption considerations in their consumption activities. (uibk.ac.at)
The result is to understate the progress made on poverty reduction since the 1960s, but not to change the basic story. (forbes.com)
We find financial development to cause economic growth, which in turn causes poverty reduction in Ghana. (uni-muenchen.de)
Birdsall, N. and Londono, J., 1997, "Asset inequality matters: an assessment of the World Bank's approach to poverty reduction", American Economic Review, 87(2): 32-37. (uni-muenchen.de)
Inoue, T. and Hamori, S., 2012, "How has financial deepening affected poverty reduction in India: Empirical analysis using state-level panel data", Applied Financial Economics, 22 (5): 395 - 403. (uni-muenchen.de)
Sehrawat, M. and Giri, A. K., 2016, "Financial development and poverty reduction in India: an empirical investigation", International Journal of Social Economics, 43(2):106 - 122. (uni-muenchen.de)
This book presents the findings form a research project carried out by a team of researchers from Uganda and Nigeria, it sets out to examine the processes by which policies for poverty reduction are made and implemented and assesses the scope policies provide for positive change in the lives of poor people. (ids.ac.uk)
How does ICT development affect poverty reduction in Uzbekistan? (uzdaily.uz)
Experts from the Institute for Forecasting and Macroeconomic Research (IPMI) assessed the impact of ICT on poverty reduction in Uzbekistan. (uzdaily.uz)
1. An increase in the length of the fiber-optic Internet by 100 km contributes to a reduction in the level of poverty by 0.06 p.p. in a year and 0.09 p.p. after 2 years. (uzdaily.uz)
An analysis of the causal relationship between ICT and poverty reduction shows that there is a small but positive benefit from ICT for the poorest population, and the availability of mobile phones in particular is a potentially valuable tool to improve the lives of the very poor in the medium term (6-10 years). (uzdaily.uz)
Based on econometric models, it can be concluded that an increase in the length of the fiber-optic Internet by 100 km contributes to a reduction in the poverty rate by 0.06 p.p. in a year and 0.09 p.p. in 2 years, the coefficients are significant at the 1% level significance. (uzdaily.uz)
This means that the length of fiber-optic communication lines has a long-term impact on poverty reduction in the country. (uzdaily.uz)
Taking lag of 2 years is due to the fact that poverty reduction is a rather long process and the effect of the introduction of information technologies is difficult to notice at the first stages. (uzdaily.uz)
While poverty and mortality rates came down by 50 per cent, fertility rate by 40 per cent, the reduction in undernutrition in children is only 20 per cent. (who.int)

Children living in extreme poverty in Africa are especially vulnerable to abuse and exploitation. (compassion.com)
The World Bank defines extreme poverty as living on less than $2.15 a day, or about $700 per year, which puts 10 percent of the world's population below the global poverty line . (compassion.com)
Extreme poverty helps create the disaster. (compassion.com)
So it is deservedly proud of having already met its goal of halving the share of people living in extreme poverty by the end of this year, compared with the level of 1990. (economist.com)
This conspicuous success has set the stage for a more audacious target: the complete elimination of extreme poverty by 2030. (economist.com)
SDG 1 calls for an end to poverty in all its manifestations, including extreme poverty, over the next 15 years. (uibk.ac.at)
The learner knows about the local, national and global distribution of extreme poverty and extreme wealth. (uibk.ac.at)
ADB is committed to achieving a prosperous, inclusive, resilient, and sustainable Asia and the Pacific, while sustaining its efforts to eradicate extreme poverty. (adb.org)
Can cash-for-work programs eradicate extreme poverty? (shaziaomar.com)
As pandemic pushes 100m people into extreme poverty charles ebi The UN data revealed that 74% of the country's population survive on less than $3.20 or N1,312 a day. (aljazirahnews.com)
By Chidozie Ogbonnaya with agencies A World Poverty Clock has revealed that no fewer than 1.1 million Nigerians have slipped into extreme poverty in four months, according to an Austria-based World Data Lab. (aljazirahnews.com)

With 189 member countries, staff from more than 170 countries, and offices in over 130 locations, the World Bank Group is a unique global partnership: five institutions working for sustainable solutions that reduce poverty and build shared prosperity in developing countries. (worldbank.org)
What policies are needed to further reduce poverty? (worldbank.org)
In this analysis of public policy to reduce poverty, the authors point out, among other things, that typically the highest incidence and severity of poverty are still found in rural areas, especially if ill-watered. (repec.org)
Thank you for inviting me to testify on what might be done to reduce poverty in America. (brookings.edu)
Second, although there are many things that might be done to reduce poverty in the U.S., I want to argue for a focus on three priorities: getting a good education, not having children before you marry, and working full-time. (brookings.edu)
Providing quality education goes hand-in-hand with efforts to reduce poverty, he said. (latimes.com)
Democrats also challenged the central premise underlying the Republican agenda-that federal welfare programs were failing in their mission to reduce poverty. (theatlantic.com)
MSMEs using ICT can reduce poverty and unemployment. (uzdaily.uz)
The country initiated programmes to improve economic growth, reduce poverty, improve household food security and nutritional status of its citizens, especially women and children. (who.int)

Data from 1997 through 2018 on poverty were assessed using the Family Core questionnaire of NHIS. (cdc.gov)
The poverty guidelines are calculated by taking the 2017 Census Bureau's poverty thresholds and adjusting them for price changes between 2017 and 2018 using the Consumer Price Index-Urban (CPI-U). (cwla.org)
Estimated number of children ages 0-17 living in census tracts in which at least 30% of residents live below their federal poverty threshold (e.g., in 2014-2018, 964,271 California children lived in areas of concentrated poverty). (kidsdata.org)
The federal poverty threshold was $25,465 for a family of two adults and two children in 2018. (kidsdata.org)

Poverty guidelines are derived from the Census Bureau's poverty thresholds and issued annually by HHS. (cdc.gov)
The U.S. Census Bureau's official poverty measure compares pre-tax cash income against a threshold of three times the cost of a minimally adequate diet in 1963, adjusted for inflation. (kidsdata.org)

The first measure-a ratio of family income to federal poverty threshold-is constructed using poverty thresholds from the U.S. Census Bureau. (cdc.gov)
Poverty thresholds are updated annually for inflation by the Census Bureau using the Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U). Poverty thresholds include a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition but do not vary geographically. (cdc.gov)
Poverty in the United States is measured by comparing family income with one of 48 poverty thresholds--the dollar amounts used to determine who is poor. (census.gov)
Federal poverty thresholds aim to define and measure poverty over time, rather than describe the amount of income families need to live. (kidsdata.org)
Federal poverty guidelines are simplified federal poverty thresholds produced by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and used for administrative purposes such as determining eligibility for federal programs and benefits. (kidsdata.org)
Poverty status was based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds. (cdc.gov)

Ending poverty" has a very specific definition in the World Bank's book. (economist.com)

But global poverty has ensnared billions more than this 10 percent. (compassion.com)
One approach is to assume that the global poverty rate continues to fall by roughly one percentage point a year, as it has since the 1980s. (economist.com)
The second projection (based on sustained 4% growth in consumption per person) does take the existing distribution of global poverty into account. (economist.com)
By making country-specific forecasts for growth, demography and inequality, the researchers calculate that the global poverty rate will be 8.5% in 2030-well short of the dream of ending poverty in the next 15 years. (economist.com)
Its baseline scenario puts the global poverty rate at 5% in 2030. (economist.com)
Although public opinion perceives that localised corruption in developing countries is the key cause of global poverty, sixty tax havens and the banking sectors of London and New York have much more to account for. (lse.ac.uk)

How many people in Manistee County, Michigan live in poverty? (welfareinfo.org)
One in four children live in poverty, based on the Federal Poverty Line Guidelines. (catholiccharitiestt.org)
February 15, 2012 (Houston, Texas) - People who live in areas where 20% to 40% of the population live in poverty are at increased risk for bloodstream infection if they become critically ill and end up in the intensive care unit (ICU), according to research presented here at the Society of Critical Care Medicine 41st Critical Care Congress. (medscape.com)

In its report, The Criminalization of Poverty: How to break the cycle through policy reform in Maryland , JOTF found that Maryland is penalizing people for being poor, creating de facto debtors' prisons and trapping many in a vicious cycle where the smallest interaction with the criminal justice system becomes a life sentence. (jotf.org)
With even the official level of poverty increasing -- to over 14% in 2010 -- some states are beginning to ease up on the criminalization of poverty, using alternative sentencing methods, shortening probation, and reducing the number of people locked up for technical violations like missing court appointments. (scienceblogs.com)
Here's the question - as more of us become poor, do we fight the criminalization of poverty, or do we accept it? (scienceblogs.com)

This paper explores the relationship between the relative size of the Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) sector, economic growth, and poverty alleviation using a new database on the share of SME labor in the total manufacturing labor force. (nber.org)
Welfare, poverty alleviation, in the US in the 1960s was pretty much all about cash transfers. (forbes.com)
Poverty alleviation today involves almost no cash transfers at all. (forbes.com)
Thus those 60s measures of poverty are the people who were still below the poverty line after poverty alleviation attempts. (forbes.com)
Today's numbers are, not exactly but to a sufficient level of accuracy, those who are below the poverty line before poverty alleviation attempts. (forbes.com)
Poor locals in the northern highlands province of Cao Bang receive cows under a poverty alleviation program coded 30A. (thanhniennews.com)
A program designed to create fast and sustainable poverty alleviation in Vietnam's 64 poorest districts has seen little success after five years, an Oxfam survey found. (thanhniennews.com)
For example, like most other poverty alleviation programs in Vietnam, 30A spent 75-80 percent of its budget on infrastructure development. (thanhniennews.com)
We want to contribute an independent voice to help poverty alleviation programs be more effective and stay true to the goal of providing sustainable livelihoods for the poor. (thanhniennews.com)

We need good data and measurement to identify which public actions are effective in fighting poverty. (repec.org)
Recorded Webinar: Fighting Poverty through Fair Trade. (fta.org.au)

That is more than 36 times what a family of four living in absolute poverty in a low-income country survives on. (compassion.com)
The hub of the wheel represents a life of absolute poverty, an existence where surviving from one day to the next is never a guarantee. (compassion.com)
As a direct result of the impact of ICT on the standard of living of the population, there is a steady decline in absolute poverty in developing regions. (uzdaily.uz)

During the 1990s, America experienced unprecedented economic growth, and the national poverty rate declined from a decade high of over 15 percent in 1993 to a low of 11.3 percent in 2000. (usda.gov)
Robert Rector and Rachel Sheffield of the Heritage Foundation point out that in 21st century America, most "poverty" is what would until very recently have been considered "wealth. (powerlineblog.com)

Conclusion: through the questionnaires it was possible to identify the profile of a deprived population: unemployment, poverty, low income, and poor education. (bvsalud.org)

There could be someone like Bear Grylls, trying to survive half a year in several poverty situations in harsh environments, like in africa, where people die of hunger, in some asian countries, where they get a bunch of rice to eat or even some baltic states, where some families with children live on some 0.5 eur/person/day. (halfbakery.com)

Poverty is daily hunger, child malnutrition , a lack of access to clean water, shelter, and health care, little or no opportunity to go to school or learn a trade, constant fear for the future and increased risk of exploitation and abuse. (compassion.com)
While our partner agencies, nonprofits, and churches respond to immediate needs by providing food, clothing and shelter, United Way is called to challenge the systems and practices that have led to economic inequality, poverty and hunger. (constantcontact.com)
The event is called SDG 2 - Linking Technological Innovation and Climate Change Actions for a World Free of Hunger, Malnutrition and Poverty. (tophealthgrants.com)

Focusing on the goal of ending poverty, the paper estimates that social protection programs are currently preventing 150 million people from falling into poverty. (eldis.org)
You will also find extensive resources on poverty estimates, trends, and analysis, plus historical information on poverty and the Guidelines. (hhs.gov)
A brief recession in 2001 led to an increase in poverty, with the most recent estimates indicating that just over 12 percent of the American population was poor in 2002. (usda.gov)
Poverty estimates for 2002 indicate that, in the South, 17.5 percent of nonmetro residents were poor compared with 14.2 percent of all nonmetro residents. (usda.gov)
The National Center for Children in Poverty estimates that a single mom with two children needs an hourly wage of $22 an hour to cover a basic needs budget. (catholiccharitiestt.org)

So, if people are given more opportunities, the more successful they might be at pulling themselves out of poverty? (imf.org)
Our dream is to create a sustainable fund that Oles will add to each year to increase our positive impact on the lives of aspiring entrepreneurs seeking to lift themselves out of poverty. (kiva.org)
In order to empower people to raise themselves out of poverty, SDG 1 seeks to ensure equal rights and access to economic and natural resources as well as technology, property and basic and financial services. (uibk.ac.at)

Defining social protection as a collection of programs that address risk, vulnerability, inequality and poverty through a system of transfers in cash or in kind, this paper argues that social protection needs to be on the post-2015 agenda as a key element of the discourse. (eldis.org)
The U.S. government is already working to address income inequality and poverty. (infoplease.com)

In the full report, JOTF examines how these policies, and more, disparately impact the poor and people of color, creating a vicious cycle of poverty that has been criminalized through Maryland's current laws. (jotf.org)

Infectious diseases have historically dominated the African Region but poverty impacts noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer as well. (who.int)
The learner knows about causes and impacts of poverty such as unequal distribution of resources and power, colonization, conflicts, disasters caused by natural hazards and other climate change-induced impacts, environmental degradation and technological disasters, and the lack of social protection systems and measures. (uibk.ac.at)
Dave Donaghy FRSA argues that addressing this means thinking of both digital poverty and digital capital and explores the impacts of these and what could be done. (thersa.org)

Rural Poverty? (ipsnews.net)
Interesting, but let us look at cooperatives to master rural poverty. (ipsnews.net)
The rural poverty rate is the percentage of the rural population living below the national poverty line (or in cases where a separate, rural poverty line is used, the rural poverty line). (who.int)
In some countries the urban poverty line in common use has a higher real value-meaning that it allows the purchase of more commodities for consumption-than does the rural poverty line. (who.int)

Furthermore, we find no evidence that SMEs alleviate poverty or decrease income inequality. (nber.org)
To begin to alleviate poverty, adequate income and meaningful employment opportunities, safe and affordable childcare, quality education, decent housing, adequate medical and mental health care are being addressed by United Way at a systems level to keep Yellowstone County strong and thriving. (constantcontact.com)

Families or people with income below the appropriate threshold are classified as below poverty. (cdc.gov)
For data years before 1997, a ratio of family income to Census Bureau poverty threshold was computed considering family income and family size. (cdc.gov)
The poverty threshold for a family of four in the United States is just over $26,000 a year. (compassion.com)
In 2009, the poverty income threshold for a family of four was $21,756. (powerlineblog.com)
100% of the poverty threshold, increasing to 71.4% for those with incomes ≥400% of the poverty threshold. (cdc.gov)
100% of the poverty threshold or for those with incomes ≥400% of the poverty threshold. (cdc.gov)

The first projection-that poverty can keep declining by one percentage point a year-is the easiest to dismiss. (economist.com)
In the 1980s, the average incidence of poverty was 4.4 percentage points higher in nonmetro areas than in metro areas. (usda.gov)
That's the percentage of the population that are below the official poverty line. (forbes.com)
The national poverty rate is the percentage of the total population living below the national poverty line (less than $1.90 a day). (who.int)

The second poverty measure used in Health, United States is a ratio of family income to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) poverty guidelines. (cdc.gov)
Starting with 1997 data, the poverty ratio is based on family income, family size, and family composition (number of children in the family, and for families with two or fewer adults, the age of the adults in the family). (cdc.gov)
Poverty is not strictly about measuring household income, income inequality, or the need for economic growth. (compassion.com)
Poverty is often defined in absolute terms of low income - less than US$2 a day, for example. (who.int)
That figure, which has become a widely accepted yardstick of abject deprivation, was first derived by taking an average of the poverty lines-the minimum income needed to satisfy basic needs-of 15 of the world's poorest countries. (economist.com)
More broadly, this section also encompasses issues like poverty and income dynamics, and asset building and financial literacy. (hhs.gov)
For many of the rural poor, the only immediate route out of poverty is by migration to towns, to face a higher expected income, although often a more uncertain one. (repec.org)
On Measuring Poverty ," Review of Income and Wealth , International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 25(4), pages 429-439, December. (repec.org)
Over the years there has been debate on how well they measure poverty with some conservatives such as the Heritage Foundation arguing that poverty rates aren't as high because it doesn't count as income certain support programs such as the nutrition programs. (cwla.org)
He also said the government should consider waiving the income tax for workers whose wages are around the poverty level. (latimes.com)
The US system counts this as income in determining who is above or below the poverty line. (forbes.com)
These are not counted as income when calculating who is above or below the poverty line. (forbes.com)
The anti-poverty agenda also downplays or jettisons earlier Ryan proposals that drew more bipartisan support, including an expansion of the Earned Income Tax Credit. (theatlantic.com)
The suit also alleges that state laws governing the construction of low-income housing in the region and residency laws that direct where students attend school discriminate against poor minority students by creating pockets of poverty in the city. (edweek.org)
Household income fell by the biggest margin on record -- and nearly one in four California children lives in poverty. (kqed.org)
Indicators of family income between 0-100% and 0-200% of federal poverty guidelines are provided for mothers with a recent birth. (kidsdata.org)
Poverty level is based on family size and income. (cdc.gov)
Poverty and crime increased in these areas, where remaining residents were primarily lower-income minorities. (jrank.org)
As a dependent variable reflecting the level of poverty, for econometric modeling, such an indicator as the share of low-income population (%) was used. (uzdaily.uz)

The causes of poverty remain. (csmonitor.com)
Poverty Action builds grassroots power to end causes of poverty and create opportunities for everyone to prosper. (povertyaction.org)
Low-paying jobs and lack of transportation are also major causes of poverty and child poverty. (catholiccharitiestt.org)

Welcome to the California children in poverty dashboard based on state- and county-level data for 2010-2020. (ca.gov)
Children in poverty are 33 percent more likely to have developmental delays or learning disabilities than other non-poor children. (catholiccharitiestt.org)

Click here for definitions & background information on Welfare & Poverty . (ontheissues.org)
Click here for policy papers on Welfare & Poverty . (ontheissues.org)
Most government efforts at relieving poverty are aimed at giving food stamps, medicaid, subsidized housing, or welfare payments. (csmonitor.com)
Massey and Denton argue that African Americans and Puerto Ricans are the only groups who have "simultaneously experienced high levels of residential segregation and sharp increases in poverty," which created underclass communities, characterized by "poverty, family instability, welfare dependency, crime, housing abandonment, and low educational achievement" (pp. 146, 130). (jrank.org)

Health and Poverty. (who.int)
1994)‎. Health and Poverty. (who.int)

An important way to help eradicate all types of poverty is to work for peaceful, real solutions for all of humanity. (constantcontact.com)
2.5 billion to Eradicate Poverty. (shaziaomar.com)

Eighteen percent of Los Angeles families live below the poverty line, according to the Public Policy Institute of California. (latimes.com)

It does not mean hoisting everyone into the middle class, far less eliminating relative poverty (in the absence of perfect equality, some will always be poorer than others). (economist.com)
The learner understands the concepts of extreme and relative poverty and is able to critically reflect on their underlying cultural and normative assumptions and practices. (uibk.ac.at)

ASPE releases the annual U.S. Federal Poverty Guidelines, which are used to determine financial eligibility for some Federal programs. (hhs.gov)

The Basic Statistics brochure presents data on selected social, economic, and SDG indicators such as population, poverty, annual growth rate of gross domestic product, inflation, and government finance for economies in Asia and the Pacific. (adb.org)
In this paper, we re-assess the finance-growth-poverty linkage in Ghana during the period 1960-2015. (uni-muenchen.de)
2. Growth in the number of Internet users by 1 p.p. will reduce the poverty rate by 0.02 p.p. after 2 years, while this effect is not particularly different from the effect obtained after 1 year. (uzdaily.uz)
Using ICT as a tool for financial inclusion accelerates economic growth, reduces poverty and inequality. (uzdaily.uz)
but last decade's rapid economic growth did not translate in to rapid decline in poverty. (who.int)

Half of the world's population live on less than $2.50 a day, another widely accepted poverty line, albeit one considerably different than in the United States. (compassion.com)
Perfect targeting of the poor would require only about YR 124.4 billion per year (about 4 % of GDP) to fill the gap between the actual spending of poor households and the poverty line. (worldbank.org)
This reflects the assumption that "frictional poverty" will persist for many years: economic volatility and political trouble will, from time to time, knock citizens of poor countries back below the poverty line. (economist.com)
So a three-person TANF family now receives a benefit equivalent to 9% (not a typo) of the federal poverty line . (wordpress.com)
Such deals cost the DRC US$1.35 billion, which is twice the education and health budget of a country where 71.3% of the population currently lives below the poverty line. (lse.ac.uk)
India defined poverty on the basis of calorie requirement and focused its attention on providing subsidized food and essential services to people below poverty line. (who.int)
National poverty rates use a country specific poverty line, which reflects the country's economic and social circumstances. (who.int)
In some case, the national poverty line is adjusted for different areas (such as urban and rural) within the country, especially when prices or the availability of goods and services differs. (who.int)

This, combined with poverty due to the pandemic, natural catastrophes and environmental changes is growing. (constantcontact.com)
ISTANBUL (Reuters) - Huseyin Goksoy, a tailor who was so stressed about going hungry during the worst of the COVID-19 pandemic that he was briefly bedridden with a hernia, is increasingly worried about his future as Turkey strains to curb poverty. (yahoo.com)
A UNSW Sydney and ACOSS partnership report explores the lived experiences of poverty among the most vulnerable during the COVID-19 pandemic. (edu.au)

In 1990, 36% of the world's population lived in abject poverty. (economist.com)
The remaining 280 nonmetro persistent-poverty counties are in the South, comprising 25 percent of the total nonmetro population there. (usda.gov)
Furthermore, the nonmetro South, with over 40 percent of the U.S. nonmetro population, has a significantly higher incidence of poverty. (usda.gov)
Poverty and people living on the streets is on the increase, please help put this back on the agenda as people are suffering, especially given our ageing population and that access to the Age Pension has been put back for the majority, as for myself I cannot access the Age Pension until age 67. (change.org)
Children are the most vulnerable and make up the highest segment of our population living in poverty. (catholiccharitiestt.org)
Abstract: People living in poverty make up nearly half of the global population and a large proportion of these individuals inhabit cities, living in informal settlements. (cdc.gov)

Monitoring SDG 1 in an EU context focuses on progress made in alleviating multidimensional poverty and in ensuring that the basic needs of EU citizens are met. (uibk.ac.at)

From 2019 onward, poverty is assessed as part of the annual core in the Sample Adult and Sample Child questionnaires. (cdc.gov)

Poverty in terms of socioeconomic measures appears to be associated with bloodstream infections that are associated temporally with an ICU admission. (medscape.com)

The HHS poverty guidelines consider family size and state (coterminous states, Alaska, and Hawaii), but not family composition. (cdc.gov)
The Department of Health and Human Services updated their annual poverty guidelines this month. (cwla.org)
The poverty guidelines are not defined for Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Guam, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and Palau. (cwla.org)
For federal programs using the poverty guidelines serving these US territories and islands the federal office that oversees the program is responsible for deciding whether to use the contiguous-states- (non-Alaska-Hawaii poverty standards) guidelines for those jurisdictions or to follow some other procedure. (cwla.org)

There are large intra-governorate differences in the incidence of poverty. (worldbank.org)
The incidence of poverty is the lowest in the Al-Maharah and Sana'a City governorates. (worldbank.org)
Educational attainment of the poor has improved, and the poverty incidence has marginally declined among illiterate families. (worldbank.org)

This is the single most important moment for poverty in D.C." since the birth of DCFPI in 2001, Executive Director Ed Lazere told a group of us meeting to discuss the crisis those families may face. (wordpress.com)
Most children living in poverty have parents who work, but low wages and unstable employment leave those families struggling to make ends meet. (catholiccharitiestt.org)
Over 50 percent of the more-than 5,000 families living in poverty in Steuben County are headed by a single parent. (catholiccharitiestt.org)

As part of its commitment to move over 100 million Nigerians out of poverty by the year 2030, the federal government has unveiled projects and programmes currently being executed to meet that goal. (sunnewsonline.com)
The federal government has boasted that it has moved 10.073million Nigerians from poverty to prosperity. (aljazirahnews.com)

It also calls for supporting communities affected by conflict and climate-related disasters and emphasises policy commitment and mobilisation of resources as essential levers for accelerating poverty eradication. (uibk.ac.at)
The learner is able to evaluate, participate in and influence decision-making related to management strategies of local, national and international enterprises concerning poverty generation and eradication. (uibk.ac.at)

The most widely held definition of poverty measures poverty in economic terms. (compassion.com)
for details, see How the Census Bureau Measures Poverty . (kidsdata.org)

In February 2022, the Center for Poverty & Inequality Research participated in the UC Davis Crowfund campaign . (ucdavis.edu)

The authors ask what it would take for social protection programs to contribute to halving the poverty gap in a country. (eldis.org)
Not only is the poverty rate an important social indicator of the well-being of the least well off, but it is also a primary input for shaping many Federal policies and targeting program benefits. (usda.gov)
The CPS 2012 Annual Social and Economic Supplement asked participants to report their poverty status for 2011. (census.gov)
There are also social, economic, and political poverties eroding our community. (constantcontact.com)
In other words, information technology contributes to the development of financial services, thereby accelerating the process of reducing poverty and social inequality. (uzdaily.uz)
Poverty can impede a child's ability to learn and contribute to social, emotional and behavioral problems. (catholiccharitiestt.org)
UNSW and the Australian Council of Social Service have launched a new collaboration to tackle poverty and inequality through high-quality research, policy development and advocacy. (edu.au)
UTEC's mission is to trade violence and poverty for social and economic success. (medlineplus.gov)

If it were the case that some people are doomed to be who they are and some people are just poor because they are unskilled or undisciplined or not hardworking enough, then you would imagine that you couldn't get them out of poverty by doing something today, because tomorrow they will still be lazy and will go back to where they belong. (imf.org)
On average, a poor person should receive YR 1,431 per month to be lifted out of poverty. (worldbank.org)
Although most of the Nation's poor live in metropolitan (metro) areas, poverty rates have been consistently higher in nonmetropolitan (nonmetro) areas in every year since the 1960s, when poverty rates were first officially recorded. (usda.gov)
Time is an important dimension of poverty: Someone who is poor today but not tomorrow may be better off than someone who is poor today and poor tomorrow. (usda.gov)
To shed light on this aspect of poverty, ERS defined counties as being persistently poor if 20 percent or more of their populations were living in poverty over the last 30 years (measured by the 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000 decennial censuses). (usda.gov)
Persistent poverty is also more pervasive in the most rural areas, as seen in the share of counties that were persistently poor-4 percent of metro counties, 13 percent of micropolitan counties (the more urbanized nonmetro counties), and 18 percent of noncore, nonmetro counties (the most rural of nonmetro counties). (usda.gov)
The poor aren't less able, they're distracted, says poverty expert Eldar Shafir. (haaretz.com)
We've gotten used to thinking that being poor is their fault: If they were smarter or more industrious they surely would have overcome their poverty. (haaretz.com)
The learner is able to show sensitivity to the issues of poverty as well as empathy and solidarity with poor people and those in vulnerable situations. (uibk.ac.at)
This is thus a reflection of something or other: perhaps the failure of the War on Poverty or, as Quiggin ascribes it, to the revival of the war by the right upon the poor. (forbes.com)
Standing alongside him were seven other sober and serious Republican members who had crossed the Anacostia River in D.C. to praise the work of a drug rehab facility that helped men and women-mostly poor and African American-battle addiction and climb out of poverty. (theatlantic.com)
A New York state appeals court has dismissed a class action brought on behalf of poor children in the Rochester public schools that contended students were denied a sound, basic education because the state had failed to alleviate concentrations of poverty in the 37,000-student district. (edweek.org)
Much has been written and spoken within the past several months about the great challenges presented to our community about the decline of the middle class, the working poor and the pervasive poverty that surrounds us. (catholiccharitiestt.org)
Poverty can contribute to poor health and poor mental health, and cause children to become more likely to suffer from poverty as an adult. (catholiccharitiestt.org)
National poverty lines tend to have higher purchasing power in rich countries, where more generous standards are used, than in poor countries. (who.int)
This article is based on "The Negative Impact of Poverty on the Health of Women and Children " and discusses the association between poverty and poor health . (bvsalud.org)

Despite this harsh reality, it's the feeling that you don't matter, like your life will never get better, that is the most crushing and demoralizing aspect of poverty. (compassion.com)

But in reality, the consequences of poverty exist on a relative scale. (who.int)

Using self-reported status, the poverty rate of female-headed households in Yemen is not significantly different from male-headed households. (worldbank.org)
The number of households in poverty has risen steadily since then and is now higher than in 1959, the year for which the poverty level was first defined by Mollie Orshansky. (forbes.com)
Of these households, only 15 percent are headed by a single father in poverty, while 44 percent are headed by a single mother in poverty. (catholiccharitiestt.org)

Poverty and policy ," Handbook of Development Economics , in: Hollis Chenery & T.N. Srinivasan (ed. (repec.org)
Poverty and policy ," Policy Research Working Paper Series 1130, The World Bank. (repec.org)
Shafir leads several initiatives developing policy to combat poverty, including ideas42, a Harvard-based think tank that Shafir co-directs with Mullainathan. (haaretz.com)
Education and Poverty: Theory, Research, Policy and Praxis. (aera.net)
It was the third meeting of the U.S. Conference of Mayors' poverty task force, which members hope will lead to new federal policy, Villaraigosa said. (latimes.com)
The unveiling on Tuesday morning of the House Republican plan to combat poverty-the first in a series of policy rollouts this month-went about as well as Speaker Paul Ryan probably expected. (theatlantic.com)