Examination of the portal circulation by the use of X-ray films after injection of radiopaque material.
A short thick vein formed by union of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein.
Abnormal increase of resistance to blood flow within the hepatic PORTAL SYSTEM, frequently seen in LIVER CIRRHOSIS and conditions with obstruction of the PORTAL VEIN.
Radiography of blood vessels after injection of a contrast medium.
Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.
Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.

Ultrasonographic arterial portography with second harmonic imaging: evaluation of hepatic parenchymal enhancement with portal venous flow. (1/69)

Ultrasonographic arterial portography was evaluated with second harmonic and conventional gray scale imaging after the administration of 0.001 to 0.1 ml/kg of FS069 (Optison) in 10 dogs (four dogs with ligation of the portal vein branch) and two woodchucks with hepatocellular carcinomas. Harmonic imaging was required to obtain good liver parenchymal enhancement for ultrasonographic arterial portography to be useful. The tumors were visible as regions of greater enhancement after intravenous injection and as hypoechoic regions after superior mesenteric artery injection. The segments with portal vein ligation were not detected after intravenous injection but were clearly seen after superior mesenteric artery injection. Doppler signal measurement verified a significant difference between the portal vein and hepatic vein after superior mesenteric artery injection and in the femoral artery after intravenous versus superior mesenteric artery injection, demonstrating that minimal levels of FS069 pass through the liver.  (+info)

Portal venous system aneurysms: report of five cases. (2/69)

Until recently aneurysms in the portal venous system were considered to be very rare lesions. This opinion has largely been changed by the increasing number of cases reported in recent years. In this paper we report the cases of five patients with portal venous system aneurysms, including one with splenic vein aneurysm. One patient had associated portal hypertension. The reexamination of two patients 2 years later showed no change in the aneurysms. The sonographic features and related literature are reviewed. In the light of this series and the information in the literature, we recommend that portal venous system aneurysms should no longer be considered exceptionally rare entities.  (+info)

Differential diagnosis between tumor-forming pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer by percutaneous transhepatic portography and selective direct pancreatic venography. (3/69)

In 32 patients with tumor-forming pancreatitis and 109 patients with pancreatic cancer, the usefulness of percutaneous transhepatic portography (PTP) and selective pancreatic venography (SPV) for differential diagnosis of the two diseases was evaluated. The PTP images were type I in 53.1%, type II in 21.9%, type III in 12.5%, and type IV in 12.5% of the patients with tumor-forming pancreatitis and type I in 20.2%, type II in 23.9%, type III in 37.6%, and type IV in 18.3% of the patients with pancreatic cancer. Advanced images (type III or type IV) were observed in more than half the patients with pancreatic cancer. Mild images classified as type II were observed slightly more frequently in the patients with pancreatic cancer, but the differential diagnosis of the two diseases was difficult in patients showing type II PTP images. SPV findings were primarily hypervascularization (78.1%) and vasodilation (68.8%) in the patients with tumor-forming pancreatitis. Although encasement (smooth encasement) was noted in 31.3%, obstruction was found in only 3.1%. In the patients with pancreatic cancer, obstruction was observed in 85.3%, and encasement (irregular encasement) was noted in 78.9%. However, hypervascularization or vasodilatation was infrequent, and the tumor was characteristically imaged as a hypovascular area. PTP and SPV were considered to be useful for the differential diagnosis of tumor-forming pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.  (+info)

Clinical usefulness of computed tomography arteriography and computed tomography during arterial portography for the diagnosis of early and early advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. (4/69)

OBJECTIVE: We examined the clinical usefulness of two techniques of Angio Computed tomography (CT), namely, CT arteriography (CTA) and CT during arterial portography (CTAP), for the diagnosis of early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and early advanced HCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects were six patients with a total of seven lesions: three had one early HCC lesion each, and three had four early advanced HCC lesions between them. There were five men and one woman, aged 61 approximately 73 years (mean: 65 years). A catheter was inserted into each inguinal artery according to Seldinger's method, and the results of CTA and CTAP were compared with those of conventional CT. RESULTS: Visualization of tumor borders, arterial blood feeding areas, and portal blood flow areas gave results equal to or better than those of conventional CT. CONCLUSIONS: A combination of CTA and CTAP is useful for the diagnosis of early HCC and early advanced HCC.  (+info)

Focal lesions in cirrhotic liver: comparing MR imaging during arterial portography with Gd-enhanced dynamic MR imaging. (5/69)

The purpose of this study was to document the additional value of MR imaging during arterial portography (MRAP) in patients examined with intravenous contrast-enhanced dynamic MR imaging for the assessment of focal lesions in patients with cirrhosis or chronic viral hepatitis. The MR images of 24 patients with 39 hepatocellular carcinomas and 18 benign hepatocellular nodules examined with dynamic MR imaging and MRAP within a 14-day interval were retrospectively reviewed. For 39 hepatocellular carcinomas, MRAP revealed 37 perfusion defects (95%), while dynamic MR imaging demonstrated 35 occurrences of nodular contrast-enhancement (90%) on arterial dominant phases. Among the 11 benign nodules misinterpreted as hepatocellular carcinoma due to their high signal intensities on arterial-dominant phases of dynamic MR imaging, eight (73%) showed intratumoral portal venous perfusion on MRAP and were regarded as benign nodules. As a result of its high sensitivity and its potential ability to enable differentiation of benign and malignant hepatocellular nodules, MRAP can be added to dynamic MR imaging for planning future management in patients with equivocal hepatocellular nodules in the cirrhotic liver.  (+info)

Highly enhanced hepatic masses seen on CT during arterial portography: early hepatocellular carcinoma and adenomatous hyperplasia. (6/69)

BACKGROUND: To describe computed tomographic (CT) features of highly enhanced hepatic masses as seen on CT during arterial portography (CTAP) and to survey the varieties of hepatic lesions associated with such findings. METHODS: CTAP files for 400 patients were reviewed, on the basis of which six patients with highly enhanced hepatic masses were selected. These six patients also subsequently underwent CT during hepatic arteriography (CTHA) on the same day. All the patients had chronic liver damage, which was cirrhotic in five cases. Five had a current diagnosis and one had a history of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). RESULTS: Solitary highly enhanced masses were observed on CTAP in three patients, three masses were seen in one patient and multiple (10-12) masses in the other two patients. All the CTAP-enhanced masses except one were round in shape and homogeneous in attenuation. The size of the mass ranged from 6 to 25 mm in diameter. In all except two nodules in one patient, the masses were hypoattenuated on CTHA. On histopathological examination of five nodules in three patients, the nodular lesions were consistent with so-called early HCC (well-differentiated HCC of Edmondson I) in four nodules and adenomatous hyperplasia in the other nodule. CONCLUSIONS: Highly enhanced hepatic masses relative to the surrounding liver parenchyma have been sporadically noted on CTAP, especially in patients with liver cirrhosis. When present, such nodules are typically hypoattenuated on CTHA and histological features are consistent with early HCC and adenomatous hyperplasia.  (+info)

CT via percutaneous splenoportography: experiment and application. (7/69)

OBJECTIVE: To introduce computed tomography via percutaneous splenoportography (CTSP), a new method for determining hepatic diseases. METHODS: Ten hybrid dogs and 31 patients with primary hepatic cancer (PHC) were included in the study. Each dog was examined by CT, computed tomography via arterial portography (CTAP), and CTSP to compare the enhanced density of the liver. The 31 patients were examined by CTSP and the appearance of PHC was compared with their pathological results to evaluate the diagnostic significance of CTSP. RESULTS: The animal experiment showed that both CTAP and CTSP could obviously enhance the density of the liver (P < 0.01), but no significant difference was observed in the enhanced densities between the two methods (P > 0.05). On the CTSP images of the 31 patients, the density of the livers was increased to 168-192 Hu, whereas the density of the cancers was as low as that on the images of CT scans (< 58 Hu). The CTSP findings were consistent with the surgical ones from space occupying lesions. The diagnostic value of CTSP was obviously superior to that of general enhanced CT. However, it was difficult for CTSP to show nodules less than 1 cm in size located on the surface of the liver or the hepatic portal zone. CONCLUSIONS: Like CTAP, CTSP is also a sensitive method for showing occupant in the liver. But the equipments and the procedures are simpler for CTSP than for CTAP. CTSP is an alternative procedure in clinical practice.  (+info)

Effect of prostaglandin E1 on contrast enhanced CT of the liver: statistical analysis during arterial portography. (8/69)

PURPOSE: To determine the diagnostic effect of prostaglandin E(1) on contrast enhancement quality of CT during arterial portography (CTAP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our patients population included 30 patients (11 women, 19 men; age range, 41 approximately 81 years) with liver tumors (23 hepatocellular carcinoma and 7 metastatic liver tumor) who had undergone angiography. We divided the 30 patients, who had undertaken CTAP twice, into two groups at random (group A; n=15, group B; n=15). In group A, first CTAP was performed without prostaglandin E(1). Approximately 5 minutes later, a second CTAP was again initiated 30 seconds after injection of prostaglandin E(1) under the same conditions. In group B, prostaglandin E(1) was injected before the first CTAP only. We measured the mean CT numbers and standard deviation (SD) numbers of anterior, posterior, medial and lateral segments in the liver at the same section of the CTAP using the same size and location of the regions of interest, and these values with and without prostaglandin E(1) were compared. RESULTS: 1) CT numbers: The CT numbers were significantly increased in the medial segment after the injection of prostaglandin E(1) (p<0.05) in all cases of both groups. On the other hand, they were clearly decreased in the posterior segment after the injection of prostaglandin E(1) (p<0.05) in both groups. There were no statistical differences in the CT numbers in the anterior and lateral segments in all patients. In addition, the CT numbers of anterior and posterior segments showed high attenuation compared with the medial and lateral segments in group A without prostaglandin E(1). 2) SD numbers: The SD numbers, which are an index of the homogeneous enhancement, were significantly decreased in the posterior, medial and lateral segments after the injection of prostaglandin E(1) (p<0.01, p<0.05, p<0.01, respectively) in both groups. There were no significant differences in the SD numbers in the anterior segment regardless of the injection of prostaglandin E(1) in all cases. CONCLUSION: CTAP with injection of prostaglandin E(1) makes contrast enhancement of liver parenchyma more homogeneously than the conventional procedure, and it may be a useful technique for the detection of liver tumors.  (+info)

Portography is a medical term that refers to an X-ray examination of the portal vein, which is the large blood vessel that carries blood from the digestive organs to the liver. In this procedure, a contrast dye is injected into the patient's veins, and then X-rays are taken to visualize the flow of the dye through the portal vein and its branches. This test can help diagnose various conditions that affect the liver and surrounding organs, such as cirrhosis, tumors, or blood clots in the portal vein. It is also known as a portovenogram or hepatic venography.

The portal vein is the large venous trunk that carries blood from the gastrointestinal tract, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder to the liver. It is formed by the union of the superior mesenteric vein (draining the small intestine and a portion of the large intestine) and the splenic vein (draining the spleen and pancreas). The portal vein then divides into right and left branches within the liver, where the blood flows through the sinusoids and gets enriched with oxygen and nutrients before being drained by the hepatic veins into the inferior vena cava. This unique arrangement allows the liver to process and detoxify the absorbed nutrients, remove waste products, and regulate metabolic homeostasis.

Portal hypertension is a medical condition characterized by an increased pressure in the portal vein, which is the large blood vessel that carries blood from the intestines, spleen, and pancreas to the liver. Normal portal venous pressure is approximately 5-10 mmHg. Portal hypertension is defined as a portal venous pressure greater than 10 mmHg.

The most common cause of portal hypertension is cirrhosis of the liver, which leads to scarring and narrowing of the small blood vessels in the liver, resulting in increased resistance to blood flow. Other causes include blood clots in the portal vein, inflammation of the liver or bile ducts, and invasive tumors that block the flow of blood through the liver.

Portal hypertension can lead to a number of complications, including the development of abnormal blood vessels (varices) in the esophagus, stomach, and intestines, which are prone to bleeding. Ascites, or the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, is another common complication of portal hypertension. Other potential complications include encephalopathy, which is a condition characterized by confusion, disorientation, and other neurological symptoms, and an increased risk of bacterial infections.

Treatment of portal hypertension depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. Medications to reduce pressure in the portal vein, such as beta blockers or nitrates, may be used. Endoscopic procedures to band or inject varices can help prevent bleeding. In severe cases, surgery or liver transplantation may be necessary.

Angiography is a medical procedure in which an x-ray image is taken to visualize the internal structure of blood vessels, arteries, or veins. This is done by injecting a radiopaque contrast agent (dye) into the blood vessel using a thin, flexible catheter. The dye makes the blood vessels visible on an x-ray image, allowing doctors to diagnose and treat various medical conditions such as blockages, narrowing, or malformations of the blood vessels.

There are several types of angiography, including:

* Cardiac angiography (also called coronary angiography) - used to examine the blood vessels of the heart
* Cerebral angiography - used to examine the blood vessels of the brain
* Peripheral angiography - used to examine the blood vessels in the limbs or other parts of the body.

Angiography is typically performed by a radiologist, cardiologist, or vascular surgeon in a hospital setting. It can help diagnose conditions such as coronary artery disease, aneurysms, and peripheral arterial disease, among others.

Liver neoplasms refer to abnormal growths in the liver that can be benign or malignant. Benign liver neoplasms are non-cancerous tumors that do not spread to other parts of the body, while malignant liver neoplasms are cancerous tumors that can invade and destroy surrounding tissue and spread to other organs.

Liver neoplasms can be primary, meaning they originate in the liver, or secondary, meaning they have metastasized (spread) to the liver from another part of the body. Primary liver neoplasms can be further classified into different types based on their cell of origin and behavior, including hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and hepatic hemangioma.

The diagnosis of liver neoplasms typically involves a combination of imaging studies, such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI, and biopsy to confirm the type and stage of the tumor. Treatment options depend on the type and extent of the neoplasm and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or liver transplantation.

X-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is a medical imaging method that uses computer-processed combinations of many X-ray images taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional (tomographic) images (virtual "slices") of the body. These cross-sectional images can then be used to display detailed internal views of organs, bones, and soft tissues in the body.

The term "computed tomography" is used instead of "CT scan" or "CAT scan" because the machines take a series of X-ray measurements from different angles around the body and then use a computer to process these data to create detailed images of internal structures within the body.

CT scanning is a noninvasive, painless medical test that helps physicians diagnose and treat medical conditions. CT imaging provides detailed information about many types of tissue including lung, bone, soft tissue and blood vessels. CT examinations can be performed on every part of the body for a variety of reasons including diagnosis, surgical planning, and monitoring of therapeutic responses.

In computed tomography (CT), an X-ray source and detector rotate around the patient, measuring the X-ray attenuation at many different angles. A computer uses this data to construct a cross-sectional image by the process of reconstruction. This technique is called "tomography". The term "computed" refers to the use of a computer to reconstruct the images.

CT has become an important tool in medical imaging and diagnosis, allowing radiologists and other physicians to view detailed internal images of the body. It can help identify many different medical conditions including cancer, heart disease, lung nodules, liver tumors, and internal injuries from trauma. CT is also commonly used for guiding biopsies and other minimally invasive procedures.

In summary, X-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is a medical imaging technique that uses computer-processed combinations of many X-ray images taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional images of the body. It provides detailed internal views of organs, bones, and soft tissues in the body, allowing physicians to diagnose and treat medical conditions.

... is a radiography of the portal vein after injection of radioopaque contrast material. "portography". The Free ...
... central dot sign re-examined by CT arteriography and CT during arterial portography". Eur Radiol. 12 (3): 701-2. doi:10.1007/ ...
... portography MeSH E01.370.350.700.720 - radiography, dental MeSH E01.370.350.700.720.050 - age determination by teeth MeSH ... portography MeSH E01.370.372.700 - sialography MeSH E01.370.374.050 - adrenal cortex function tests MeSH E01.370.374.100 - ... portography MeSH E01.370.350.700.070 - arthrography MeSH E01.370.350.700.150 - cineradiography MeSH E01.370.350.700.150.190 - ... portography MeSH E01.370.370.050.650 - radionuclide angiography MeSH E01.370.370.050.650.650 - radionuclide ventriculography ...
Portography is a radiography of the portal vein after injection of radioopaque contrast material. "portography". The Free ...
Indirect arterial portography. Indirect arterial portography involves obtaining arterial access through the arm or groin and ... indirect arterial portography, percutaneous transhepatic portography (TIP), and hepatic phlebography. [38] ... Percutaneous transhepatic portography (TIP). TIP involves direct puncture of a main portal venous branch under ultrasonographic ... Although the risk is low with the procedure, morbidity rates are increased compared with those of indirect portography. ...
Portography can confirm the presence and extent of a thrombus in the PV. Percutaneous intervention can be successful in ... Transjugular portography demonstrates extensive portal vein thrombus in the whole-liver allograft of a 40-year-old woman whose ... Transjugular portography demonstrates extensive portal vein thrombus in the whole-liver allograft of a 40-year-old woman whose ... Transjugular portography demonstrates extensive portal vein thrombus in the whole-liver allograft of a 40-year-old woman whose ...
... observation on CT during arterial portography. Hepatol Res. 2011;41(9):853-66. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1872-034X.2011.00836.x ...
Portography may demonstrate central hepatic enhancement of the liver with normal hepatopetal flow. Splenoportographic findings ...
Dive into the research topics of Transcatheter hepatocyte transplantation: Preclinical studies of anatomic consequences in the portal vascular bed. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
Portography. Examination of the portal circulation by the use of X-ray films after injection of radiopaque material.. ... CardiacPortographyCatheters, IndwellingEmbolization, TherapeuticTransplantation, AutologousPortasystemic Shunt, SurgicalLiver ...
Portography - 15000₽. *Joint radiography *Radiography of the ankle joint (стандарт (2 пр.)) - 2000₽ ...
Masses in liver sometimes better visualized with CT by portography or use of MRI ...
Technique for mesenteric portography. Surgical treatment. 11. General Techniques. Radiology of the abdomen ...
9 retrograde wedge portography; n = 8 transhepatic portography with angioplasty and/or stenting and n = 5 hepatic arteriography ...
DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING Ultrasound with biopsy, CT scan, MDCT, arteriography, portography, MRI ▪ Tumor visualization, ...
CT combined with arterial portography. A sensitive method for evaluation of liver tumors]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 117 (15), ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Contrasting Patterns of Ascites Formation in Hepatic Cirrhosis. AU - Witte, Marlys Hearst. AU - Witte, Charles L.. AU - Cole, William R.. AU - Koehler, P. Ruben. PY - 1969/6/2. Y1 - 1969/6/2. N2 - In two patients with hepatic cirrhosis and massive ascites, the composition of lymph (thoracic duct, intestinal, and hepatic) and ascitic fluid pointed to a different pathogenesis of ascites and portal hypertension. Measurements of hepatic blood flow, splenoportography, selective arteriography, and laparotomy delineated the contrasting portal circulatory dynamics. The data suggest that in the first patient excess thoracic duct lymph and ascitic fluid originated primarily from the liver in response to increased resistance to hepatic venous outflow. In the second patient these fluids originated primarily from the extrahepatic portal bed in response to increased resistance to portal venous inflow. Portal hypertension in the first patient was due to moderately increased postsinusoidal ...
... showcases the first chapter of the Portography/Library of Water photography project by Ábel Szalontai ... Észak Nyugat (NorthWest in eng.), printed on Sappi Raw design paper, showcases the first chapter of the Portography/Library of ... from the long-term and complex photographic project Portography/Library of Water which the photographer has been evolving for ...
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D, Portography obtained via a 5Fr catheter at the superior mesenteric vein. Here, puncture time was 9 min. The position of the ... D, Portography obtained via a 5Fr catheter at the superior mesenteric vein. Here, puncture time was 9 min. The position of the ... E, Final portography showing successful TIPS without complications. The pressure gradient between the portal vein and the ... E, Final portography showing successful TIPS without complications. The pressure gradient between the portal vein and the ...
Invasive radiologist - Required for imaging studies, angiography, and splenic portography. * Vascular surgeon - Required for ...
The successful portal embolization process was confirmed both by portography and CT. In the macroscopic analysis of the pieces ...
Portography may demonstrate central hepatic enhancement of the liver with normal hepatopetal flow. ...
... hepatic angiography and percutaneous transhepatic portography (PTP) were performed to reach a final diagnosis. ...
In order to assess the condition of the splenoportal bed, selective angiography - portography (splenoportography) is performed. ...
Dysplastic nodules in liver cirrhosis: evaluation of hemodynamics with CT during arterial portography and CT hepatic ...
Malignant hepatic hilar tumors: Can ultrasonography be used as an alternative to angiography with CT arterial portography for ...
Portography which is an X-ray showing the blood vessels supplying and/or bypassing the liver, using radio-opaque dye injected ...
This gainless portography preconsolidate viagra samples online faintingly each cricoidectomies outside of ...
... comparative study with CT during arterial portography. International Hepatology Communications 1(4): 200-203 ...
Radiographic visualization or recording of a vein after the injection of contrast medium ...
Portography [E01.370.370.050.610] Portography * Radionuclide Angiography [E01.370.370.050.650] Radionuclide Angiography ...
Portography. *Sialography. *Gastrointestinal Motility. *Gastric Emptying. *Gastrointestinal Transit. *Myoelectric Complex, ...
  • Portography is a radiography of the portal vein after injection of radioopaque contrast material. (wikipedia.org)
  • Transjugular portography demonstrates extensive portal vein thrombus in the whole-liver allograft of a 40-year-old woman whose clinical condition rapidly deteriorated on postoperative day 39. (medscape.com)
  • For instance, procedures such as wedge hepatic portography with CO 2 injection, intravenous ultrasound (IVUS), direct portography via portal vein puncture and ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided puncture have been introduced. (brieflands.com)
  • Portography which is an X-ray showing the blood vessels supplying and/or bypassing the liver, using radio-opaque dye injected directly into the portal vein. (duavar.best)
  • Malignant hepatic hilar tumors: Can ultrasonography be used as an alternative to angiography with CT arterial portography for determination of resectability? (mskcc.org)
  • Aim: To study the clinicopathologic characteristics of hepatic nodular lesions with high attenuation (increased portal blood flow) compared with surrounding hepatic parenchyma on computed tomography (CT) during arterial portography (CTAP). (elsevierpure.com)
  • 10. Preoperative evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma: combined use of CT with arterial portography and hepatic arteriography. (nih.gov)
  • 16. Nontumorous attenuation changes on CT arterial portography. (nih.gov)
  • We aimed to compare computed tomography arterial portography (CTAP), reperfusion CTAP (rCTAP), and conventional computed tomography (CT) for diagnosing portal vein injuries after blunt hepatic trauma. (dirjournal.org)
  • These results compare favorably with published results for CT during arterial portography, the current gold standard for liver tumor detection, suggesting that portal-phase IV contrast-enhanced helical CT is an excellent noninvasive preoperative study prior to hepatic resection or cryosurgery. (johnshopkins.edu)