AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
Polychlorinated BiphenylsAroclorsEnvironmental PollutantsChlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine)Hydrocarbons, ChlorinatedDichlorodiphenyl DichloroethyleneDioxinsPolybrominated BiphenylsBenzofuransBiphenyl CompoundsGreat Lakes RegionBiodegradation, EnvironmentalFood ContaminationHexachlorobenzeneHalogenated Diphenyl EthersEnvironmental ExposureSoil PollutantsTetrachlorodibenzodioxinMaternal ExposureBody BurdenWater Pollutants, ChemicalRhodococcusPesticidesSlovakiaFlame RetardantsPesticide ResiduesChlordanEnvironmental MonitoringMilk, HumanPentachlorophenolDioxygenasesBurkholderiaceaePrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsInsecticidesPhenyl EthersEndocrine DisruptorsChromatography, GasCytochrome P-450 CYP1A1DichlorodiphenyldichloroethaneDDTPreconception InjuriesChlorobenzenesChlorineHydroxylationPregnancyElectricityChloroflexiMethylmercury CompoundsBurkholderiaChlorobenzoatesToxapheneEndocrine SystemGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryGeologic SedimentsNew YorkReceptors, Aryl HydrocarbonChemical ProcessesWater Pollution, ChemicalFishesOxygenasesPseudomonasPolycyclic Hydrocarbons, AromaticHydrocarbons, HalogenatedArmoraciaHalogenationOilsFish ProductsThyroxineSeafoodIndianaMaternal-Fetal ExchangeEnvironmental PollutionChlorine CompoundsCytochrome P-450 CYP2B1LiverComamonas testosteroniEnzyme InductionMichiganArctic RegionsEndosulfanBiotransformationThyroid HormonesSoil MicrobiologyLindaneQuebecFetal BloodAlcaligenesHazardous WasteAniline HydroxylaseRiversMirexEcotoxicologyAntithyroid AgentsHydrocarbons, BrominatedBromine CompoundsManufactured MaterialsIron-Sulfur ProteinsDose-Response Relationship, DrugConstruction MaterialsSex Ratio
Polychlorinated Biphenyls
Industrial products consisting of a mixture of chlorinated biphenyl congeners and isomers. These compounds are highly lipophilic and tend to accumulate in fat stores of animals. Many of these compounds are considered toxic and potential environmental pollutants.
Aroclors
Industrial chemicals which have become widespread environmental pollutants. Each aroclor is a mixture of chlorinated biphenyls (1200 series) or chlorinated terphenyls (5400 series) or a combination of both (4400 series).
Environmental Pollutants
Substances or energies, for example heat or light, which when introduced into the air, water, or land threaten life or health of individuals or ECOSYSTEMS.
Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine)
Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
Hydrocarbon compounds with one or more of the hydrogens replaced by CHLORINE.
Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
An organochlorine pesticide, it is the ethylene metabolite of DDT.
Dioxins
Chlorinated hydrocarbons containing heteroatoms that are present as contaminants of herbicides. Dioxins are carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic. They have been banned from use by the FDA.
Polybrominated Biphenyls
Biphenyl compounds which are extensively brominated. Many of these compounds are toxic environmental pollutants.
Benzofurans
Compounds that contain a BENZENE ring fused to a furan ring.
Biphenyl Compounds
Great Lakes Region
The geographic area of the Great Lakes in general and when the specific state or states are not indicated. It usually includes Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin.
Biodegradation, Environmental
Elimination of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; PESTICIDES and other waste using living organisms, usually involving intervention of environmental or sanitation engineers.
Food Contamination
The presence in food of harmful, unpalatable, or otherwise objectionable foreign substances, e.g. chemicals, microorganisms or diluents, before, during, or after processing or storage.
Hexachlorobenzene
An agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.
Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
Compounds that contain two halogenated benzene rings linked via an OXYGEN atom. Many polybrominated diphenyl ethers are used as FLAME RETARDANTS.
Environmental Exposure
The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals.
Soil Pollutants
Substances which pollute the soil. Use for soil pollutants in general or for which there is no specific heading.
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
A chemical by-product that results from burning or incinerating chlorinated industrial chemicals and other hydrocarbons. This compound is considered an environmental toxin, and may pose reproductive, as well as, other health risks for animals and humans.
Maternal Exposure
Exposure of the female parent, human or animal, to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals that may affect offspring. It includes pre-conception maternal exposure.
Body Burden
The total amount of a chemical, metal or radioactive substance present at any time after absorption in the body of man or animal.
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Chemical compounds which pollute the water of rivers, streams, lakes, the sea, reservoirs, or other bodies of water.
Rhodococcus
A bacterial genus of the order ACTINOMYCETALES.
Pesticides
Chemicals used to destroy pests of any sort. The concept includes fungicides (FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL); INSECTICIDES; RODENTICIDES; etc.
Slovakia
Created 1 January 1993 as a result of the division of Czechoslovakia into the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
Flame Retardants
Materials applied to fabrics, bedding, furniture, plastics, etc. to retard their burning; many may leach out and cause allergies or other harm.
Pesticide Residues
Pesticides or their breakdown products remaining in the environment following their normal use or accidental contamination.
Chlordan
A highly poisonous organochlorine insecticide. The EPA has cancelled registrations of pesticides containing this compound with the exception of its use through subsurface ground insertion for termite control and the dipping of roots or tops of non-food plants. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Environmental Monitoring
The monitoring of the level of toxins, chemical pollutants, microbial contaminants, or other harmful substances in the environment (soil, air, and water), workplace, or in the bodies of people and animals present in that environment.
Milk, Human
Pentachlorophenol
An insecticide and herbicide that has also been used as a wood preservative. Pentachlorphenol is a widespread environmental pollutant. Both chronic and acute pentachlorophenol poisoning are medical concerns. The range of its biological actions is still being actively explored, but it is clearly a potent enzyme inhibitor and has been used as such as an experimental tool.
Dioxygenases
Non-heme iron-containing enzymes that incorporate two atoms of OXYGEN into the substrate. They are important in biosynthesis of FLAVONOIDS; GIBBERELLINS; and HYOSCYAMINE; and for degradation of AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS.
Burkholderiaceae
A family of gram negative, aerobic, non-sporeforming, rod-shaped bacteria.
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
The consequences of exposing the FETUS in utero to certain factors, such as NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; DRUGS; RADIATION; and other physical or chemical factors. These consequences are observed later in the offspring after BIRTH.
Insecticides
Pesticides designed to control insects that are harmful to man. The insects may be directly harmful, as those acting as disease vectors, or indirectly harmful, as destroyers of crops, food products, or textile fabrics.
Phenyl Ethers
Ethers that are linked to a benzene ring structure.
Endocrine Disruptors
Exogenous agents, synthetic and naturally occurring, which are capable of disrupting the functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM including the maintenance of HOMEOSTASIS and the regulation of developmental processes. Endocrine disruptors are compounds that can mimic HORMONES, or enhance or block the binding of hormones to their receptors, or otherwise lead to activating or inhibiting the endocrine signaling pathways and hormone metabolism.
Chromatography, Gas
Fractionation of a vaporized sample as a consequence of partition between a mobile gaseous phase and a stationary phase held in a column. Two types are gas-solid chromatography, where the fixed phase is a solid, and gas-liquid, in which the stationary phase is a nonvolatile liquid supported on an inert solid matrix.
Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1
A liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase capable of biotransforming xenobiotics such as polycyclic hydrocarbons and halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons into carcinogenic or mutagenic compounds. They have been found in mammals and fish. This enzyme, encoded by CYP1A1 gene, can be measured by using ethoxyresorufin as a substrate for the ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity.
Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane
An organochlorine insecticide that is slightly irritating to the skin. (From Merck Index, 11th ed, p482)
DDT
A polychlorinated pesticide that is resistant to destruction by light and oxidation. Its unusual stability has resulted in difficulties in residue removal from water, soil, and foodstuffs. This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen: Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP-85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Preconception Injuries
Damages to reproductive health prior to conception (FERTILIZATION), a legal term for torts liability concerning environmental safety issues. Preconception injuries may involve either the male or the female, such as chromosomal mutations in the OVA or the SPERMATOZOA.
Chlorobenzenes
Chlorine
A greenish-yellow, diatomic gas that is a member of the halogen family of elements. It has the atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 70.906. It is a powerful irritant that can cause fatal pulmonary edema. Chlorine is used in manufacturing, as a reagent in synthetic chemistry, for water purification, and in the production of chlorinated lime, which is used in fabric bleaching.
Hydroxylation
Placing of a hydroxyl group on a compound in a position where one did not exist before. (Stedman, 26th ed)
Pregnancy
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.
Electricity
The physical effects involving the presence of electric charges at rest and in motion.
Chloroflexi
Phylum of green nonsulfur bacteria including the family Chloroflexaceae, among others.
Methylmercury Compounds
Organic compounds in which mercury is attached to a methyl group.
Burkholderia
A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria. Organisms in this genus had originally been classified as members of the PSEUDOMONAS genus but overwhelming biochemical and chemical findings indicated the need to separate them from other Pseudomonas species, and hence, this new genus was created.
Chlorobenzoates
Benzoic acid or benzoic acid esters substituted with one or more chlorine atoms.
Toxaphene
A very complex, but reproducible mixture of at least 177 C10 polychloro derivatives, having an approximate overall empirical formula of C10-H10-Cl8. It is used as an insecticide and may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen: Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Endocrine System
The system of glands that release their secretions (hormones) directly into the circulatory system. In addition to the ENDOCRINE GLANDS, included are the CHROMAFFIN SYSTEM and the NEUROSECRETORY SYSTEMS.
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
A microanalytical technique combining mass spectrometry and gas chromatography for the qualitative as well as quantitative determinations of compounds.
Geologic Sediments
A mass of organic or inorganic solid fragmented material, or the solid fragment itself, that comes from the weathering of rock and is carried by, suspended in, or dropped by air, water, or ice. It refers also to a mass that is accumulated by any other natural agent and that forms in layers on the earth's surface, such as sand, gravel, silt, mud, fill, or loess. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1689)
New York
Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon
Cytoplasmic proteins that bind certain aryl hydrocarbons, translocate to the nucleus, and activate transcription of particular DNA segments. AH receptors are identified by their high-affinity binding to several carcinogenic or teratogenic environmental chemicals including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons found in cigarette smoke and smog, heterocyclic amines found in cooked foods, and halogenated hydrocarbons including dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls. No endogenous ligand has been identified, but an unknown natural messenger with a role in cell differentiation and development is suspected.
Chemical Processes
The reactions and interactions of atoms and molecules, the changes in their structure and composition, and associated energy changes.
Water Pollution, Chemical
Adverse effect upon bodies of water (LAKES; RIVERS; seas; groundwater etc.) caused by CHEMICAL WATER POLLUTANTS.
Fishes
A group of cold-blooded, aquatic vertebrates having gills, fins, a cartilaginous or bony endoskeleton, and elongated bodies covered with scales.
Oxygenases
Oxidases that specifically introduce DIOXYGEN-derived oxygen atoms into a variety of organic molecules.
Pseudomonas
A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria widely distributed in nature. Some species are pathogenic for humans, animals, and plants.
Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic
A major group of unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons containing two or more rings. The vast number of compounds of this important group, derived chiefly from petroleum and coal tar, are rather highly reactive and chemically versatile. The name is due to the strong and not unpleasant odor characteristic of most substances of this nature. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p96)
Hydrocarbons, Halogenated
Armoracia
A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE known for the root used in hot SPICES. It is also the source of HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE which is widely used in laboratories.
Halogenation
Covalent attachment of HALOGENS to other compounds.
Oils
Unctuous combustible substances that are liquid or easily liquefiable on warming, and are soluble in ether but insoluble in water. Such substances, depending on their origin, are classified as animal, mineral, or vegetable oils. Depending on their behavior on heating, they are volatile or fixed. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Fish Products
Food products manufactured from fish (e.g., FISH FLOUR, fish meal).
Thyroxine
The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.
Seafood
Marine fish and shellfish used as food or suitable for food. (Webster, 3d ed) SHELLFISH and FISH PRODUCTS are more specific types of SEAFOOD.
Indiana
Maternal-Fetal Exchange
Exchange of substances between the maternal blood and the fetal blood at the PLACENTA via PLACENTAL CIRCULATION. The placental barrier excludes microbial or viral transmission.
Environmental Pollution
Contamination of the air, bodies of water, or land with substances that are harmful to human health and the environment.
Chlorine Compounds
Inorganic compounds that contain chlorine as an integral part of the molecule.
Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1
A major cytochrome P-450 enzyme which is inducible by PHENOBARBITAL in both the LIVER and SMALL INTESTINE. It is active in the metabolism of compounds like pentoxyresorufin, TESTOSTERONE, and ANDROSTENEDIONE. This enzyme, encoded by CYP2B1 gene, also mediates the activation of CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE and IFOSFAMIDE to MUTAGENS.
Liver
A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.
Comamonas testosteroni
A species of gram-negative, aerobic rods formerly called Pseudomonas testosteroni. It is differentiated from other Comamonas species by its ability to assimilate testosterone and to utilize phenylacetate or maleate as carbon sources.
Enzyme Induction
An increase in the rate of synthesis of an enzyme due to the presence of an inducer which acts to derepress the gene responsible for enzyme synthesis.
Michigan
Arctic Regions
The Arctic Ocean and the lands in it and adjacent to it. It includes Point Barrow, Alaska, most of the Franklin District in Canada, two thirds of Greenland, Svalbard, Franz Josef Land, Lapland, Novaya Zemlya, and Northern Siberia. (Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p66)
Endosulfan
A polychlorinated compound used for controlling a variety of insects. It is practically water-insoluble, but readily adheres to clay particles and persists in soil and water for several years. Its mode of action involves repetitive nerve-discharges positively correlated to increase in temperature. This compound is extremely toxic to most fish. (From Comp Biochem Physiol (C) 1993 Jul;105(3):347-61)
Biotransformation
The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.
Thyroid Hormones
Natural hormones secreted by the THYROID GLAND, such as THYROXINE, and their synthetic analogs.
Soil Microbiology
The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in the soil. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.
Lindane
An organochlorine insecticide that has been used as a pediculicide and a scabicide. It has been shown to cause cancer.
Quebec
A province of eastern Canada. Its capital is Quebec. The region belonged to France from 1627 to 1763 when it was lost to the British. The name is from the Algonquian quilibek meaning the place where waters narrow, referring to the gradually narrowing channel of the St. Lawrence or to the narrows of the river at Cape Diamond. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p993 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p440)
Fetal Blood
Blood of the fetus. Exchange of nutrients and waste between the fetal and maternal blood occurs via the PLACENTA. The cord blood is blood contained in the umbilical vessels (UMBILICAL CORD) at the time of delivery.
Alcaligenes
A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, motile bacteria that occur in water and soil. Some are common inhabitants of the intestinal tract of vertebrates. These bacteria occasionally cause opportunistic infections in humans.
Hazardous Waste
Waste products which threaten life, health, or the environment when improperly treated, stored, transported, disposed of, or otherwise managed.
Aniline Hydroxylase
A drug-metabolizing, cytochrome P-450 enzyme which catalyzes the hydroxylation of aniline to hydroxyaniline in the presence of reduced flavoprotein and molecular oxygen. EC 1.14.14.-.
Rivers
Large natural streams of FRESH WATER formed by converging tributaries and which empty into a body of water (lake or ocean).
Mirex
An organochlorine insecticide that is carcinogenic.
Ecotoxicology
The study of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION and the toxic effects of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS on the ECOSYSTEM. The term was coined by Truhaut in 1969.
Antithyroid Agents
Agents that are used to treat hyperthyroidism by reducing the excessive production of thyroid hormones.
Hydrocarbons, Brominated
Bromine Compounds
Inorganic compounds that contain bromine as an integral part of the molecule.
Manufactured Materials
Substances and materials manufactured for use in various technologies and industries and for domestic use.
Iron-Sulfur Proteins
A group of proteins possessing only the iron-sulfur complex as the prosthetic group. These proteins participate in all major pathways of electron transport: photosynthesis, respiration, hydroxylation and bacterial hydrogen and nitrogen fixation.
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.
Construction Materials
Supplies used in building.
Sex Ratio
The number of males per 100 females.
Breast Feeding
The nursing of an infant at the breast.
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
A superfamily of hundreds of closely related HEMEPROTEINS found throughout the phylogenetic spectrum, from animals, plants, fungi, to bacteria. They include numerous complex monooxygenases (MIXED FUNCTION OXYGENASES). In animals, these P-450 enzymes serve two major functions: (1) biosynthesis of steroids, fatty acids, and bile acids; (2) metabolism of endogenous and a wide variety of exogenous substrates, such as toxins and drugs (BIOTRANSFORMATION). They are classified, according to their sequence similarities rather than functions, into CYP gene families (>40% homology) and subfamilies (>59% homology). For example, enzymes from the CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 gene families are responsible for most drug metabolism.
Ursidae
The family of carnivorous or omnivorous bears, having massive bodies, coarse heavy fur, relatively short limbs, and almost rudimentary tails.
Epidemiological Monitoring
Collection, analysis, and interpretation of data about the frequency, distribution, and consequences of disease or health conditions, for use in the planning, implementing, and evaluating public health programs.
Inuits
Inuktitut-speakers generally associated with the northern polar region.

Identification of an enhancer element of class Pi glutathione S-transferase gene required for expression by a co-planar polychlorinated biphenyl. (1/1428)

3,3',4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PenCB), one of the most toxic co-planar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, specifically induces class Pi glutathione S-transferase (GSTP1) as well as cytochrome P-450 1A1 in primary cultured rat liver parenchymal cells [Aoki, Matsumoto and Suzuki (1993) FEBS Lett. 333, 114-118]. However, the 5'-flanking sequence of the GSTP1 gene does not contain a xenobiotic responsive element, to which arylhydrocarbon receptor binds. Using a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assay we demonstrate here that the enhancer termed GSTP1 enhancer I (GPEI) is necessary for the stimulation by PenCB of GSTP1 gene expression in primary cultured rat liver parenchymal cells. GPEI is already known to contain a dyad of PMA responsive element-like elements oriented palindromically. It is suggested that a novel signal transduction pathway activated by PenCB contributes to the stimulation of GSTP1 expression.  (+info)

Relationships between environmental organochlorine contaminant residues, plasma corticosterone concentrations, and intermediary metabolic enzyme activities in Great Lakes herring gull embryos. (2/1428)

Experiments were conducted to survey and detect differences in plasma corticosterone concentrations and intermediary metabolic enzyme activities in herring gull (Larus argentatus) embryos environmentally exposed to organochlorine contaminants in ovo. Unincubated fertile herring gull eggs were collected from an Atlantic coast control site and various Great Lakes sites in 1997 and artificially incubated in the laboratory. Liver and/or kidney tissues from approximately half of the late-stage embryos were analyzed for the activities of various intermediary metabolic enzymes known to be regulated, at least in part, by corticosteroids. Basal plasma corticosterone concentrations were determined for the remaining embryos. Yolk sacs were collected from each embryo and a subset was analyzed for organochlorine contaminants. Regression analysis of individual yolk sac organochlorine residue concentrations, or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (TEQs), with individual basal plasma corticosterone concentrations indicated statistically significant inverse relationships for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs), total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), non-ortho PCBs, and TEQs. Similarly, inverse relationships were observed for the activities of two intermediary metabolic enzymes (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and malic enzyme) when regressed against PCDDs/PCDFs. Overall, these data suggest that current levels of organochlorine contamination may be affecting the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and associated intermediary metabolic pathways in environmentally exposed herring gull embryos in the Great Lakes.  (+info)

Potential mechanisms of thyroid disruption in humans: interaction of organochlorine compounds with thyroid receptor, transthyretin, and thyroid-binding globulin. (3/1428)

Organochlorine compounds, particularly polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), alter serum thyroid hormone levels in humans. Hydroxylated organochlorines have relatively high affinities for the serum transport protein transthyretin, but the ability of these compounds to interact with the human thyroid receptor is unknown. Using a baculovirus expression system in insect cells (Sf9 cells), we produced recombinant human thyroid receptor ss (hTRss). In competitive binding experiments, the recombinant receptor had the expected relative affinity for thyroid hormones and their analogs. In competitive inhibition experiments with PCBs, hydroxylated PCBs (OH-PCBs), DDT and its metabolites, and several organochlorine herbicides, only the OH-PCBs competed for binding. The affinity of hTRss for OH-PCBs was 10,000-fold lower (Ki = 20-50 microM) than its affinity for thyroid hormone (3,3',5-triiodothyronine, T3; Ki = 10 nM). Because their relative affinity for the receptor was low, we tested the ability of OH-PCBs to interact with the serum transport proteins--transthyretin and thyroid-binding globulin (TBG). With the exception of one compound, the OH-PCBs had the same affinity (Ki = 10-80 nM) for transthyretin as thyroid hormone (thyroxine; T4). Only two of the OH-PCBs bound TBG (Ki = 3-7 microM), but with a 100-fold lower affinity than T4. Hydroxylated PCBs have relatively low affinities for the human thyroid receptor in vitro, but they have a thyroid hormonelike affinity for the serum transport protein transthyretin. Based on these results, OH-PCBs in vivo are more likely to compete for binding to serum transport proteins than for binding to the thyroid receptor.  (+info)

Effects of acute exposure to PCBs 126 and 153 on anterior pituitary and thyroid hormones and FSH isoforms in adult Sprague Dawley male rats. (4/1428)

3,3'4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126) and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 153) were administered to adult male rats in order to identify sensitive indicators of endocrine disruption. We tested the hypothesis that PCB exposure modifies follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) pituitary isoforms, as well as the pituitary and serum concentrations of FSH, luteinizing hormone (LH), growth hormone, prolactin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Effects on serum levels of thyroxine (T4) and testosterone (T), and prostate androgen receptor content, were also tested. In one experiment, 5 groups of 8 rats each received two i.p. injections, one day apart, of either corn oil or 6.25, 25, 100 or 400 micrograms/kg/day of PCB 126. Decreases (p < 0.05) in the serum concentrations of T4 and LH started at doses of 25 and 100 micrograms/kg/day, respectively. Serum FSH concentrations were reduced (p = 0.07) in the highest dose group. In contrast, pituitary content of FSH and LH increased with PCB-126 doses (p = 0.004, p = 0.002, respectively). Despite changes in reproductive hormones, PCB-126 had no effect on the androgen receptor content of the prostate. The effect of PCB-126 was tested in the hemicastrated rat, and suggested adverse effects on testosterone secretion. To test the effects of PCB exposure on FSH pituitary isoforms, 4 groups of 10 male rats received two i.p. injections, one day apart, of either corn oil, PCB 153 (25 mg/kg/day), estradiol-17 beta (E2; 20 micrograms/kg/day), or PCB 126 (0.1 mg/kg/day). Serum T4 levels were higher (p < 0.01) in the E2 and PCB 153 groups, and slightly reduced in the PCB 126-treated groups, compared to controls. Simultaneous purification of pituitary FSH and TSH isoforms was performed by HPLC, using two chromatofocusing columns in series. In contrast to TSH isoforms, the distribution of FSH isoforms over the chromatography run differed slightly between treatment groups; the amounts of FSH isoform eluted during the pH gradient were lower (p < 0.05) in E2 and PCB 153-treated rats than in control or PCB 126-treated rats. The similarity between the effects of E2 and PCB 153 on T4 and FSH isoforms supports the contention that PCB 153 possesses estrogenic properties. Serum LH and T4 concentrations were the most sensitive and practical endocrine indicators of PCBs 126 and 153 exposure in male rats.  (+info)

Construction and characterization of two recombinant bacteria that grow on ortho- and para-substituted chlorobiphenyls. (5/1428)

Cloning and expression of the aromatic ring dehalogenation genes in biphenyl-growing, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-cometabolizing Comamonas testosteroni VP44 resulted in recombinant pathways allowing growth on ortho- and para-chlorobiphenyls (CBs) as a sole carbon source. The recombinant variants were constructed by transformation of strain VP44 with plasmids carrying specific genes for dehalogenation of chlorobenzoates (CBAs). Plasmid pE43 carries the Pseudomonas aeruginosa 142 ohb genes coding for the terminal oxygenase (ISPOHB) of the ortho-halobenzoate 1,2-dioxygenase, whereas plasmid pPC3 contains the Arthrobacter globiformis KZT1 fcb genes, which catalyze the hydrolytic para-dechlorination of 4-CBA. The parental strain, VP44, grew only on low concentrations of 2- and 4-CB by using the products from the fission of the nonchlorinated ring of the CBs (pentadiene) and accumulated stoichiometric amounts of the corresponding CBAs. The recombinant strains VP44(pPC3) and VP44(pE43) grew on, and completely dechlorinated high concentrations (up to 10 mM), of 4-CBA and 4-CB and 2-CBA and 2-CB, respectively. Cell protein yield corresponded to complete oxidation of both biphenyl rings, thus confirming mineralization of the CBs. Hence, the use of CBA dehalogenase genes appears to be an effective strategy for construction of organisms that will grow on at least some congeners important for remediation of PCBs.  (+info)

Anaerobic dehalogenation of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls by Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans. (6/1428)

Ten years after reports on the existence of anaerobic dehalogenation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sediment slurries, we report here on the rapid reductive dehalogenation of para-hydroxylated PCBs (HO-PCBs), the excreted main metabolites of PCB in mammals, which can exhibit estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities in humans. The anaerobic bacterium Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans completely dehalogenates all flanking chlorines (chlorines in ortho position to the para-hydroxyl group) from congeners such as 3,3',5, 5'-tetrachloro-4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl.  (+info)

Reduction of thyroid hormone levels by methylsulfonyl metabolites of tetra- and pentachlorinated biphenyls in male Sprague-Dawley rats. (7/1428)

Male Sprague-Dawley rats received four consecutive intraperitoneal (i.p.) doses of five kinds of methylsulfonyl (MeSO2) metabolites of tetra- and pentachlorinated biphenyls (tetra- and pentaCBs) to determine their effects on thyroid hormone levels. The five MeSO2 metabolites, which were the major MeSO2-PCBs detected in human milk, liver and adipose tissue were 3-MeSO2-2,2',4',5-tetraCB (3-MeSO2-CB49),3-MeSO2-2,3',4',5-tetraCB (3-MeSO2-CB70), 3-MeSO2-2,2',3',4',5-pentaCB (3-MeSO2-CB87), 3-MeSO2-2,2',4',5,5'-pentaCB (3-MeSO2-CB101), and 4-MeSO2-2,2',4',5,5'-pentaCB (4-MeSO2-CB101). All five tested MeSO2 metabolites (20 mumol/kg once daily for 4 days) reduced serum total thyroxine levels 16-40% on days 2, 3, 4, and 7 (after the last dosage). The total triiodothyronine level was reduced 37% by treatment with 3-MeSO2-CB49 at day 7, but was increased 35% and 38% by 3-MeSO2-CB70 and 4-MeSO2-CB101 at days 3 and 4, respectively. The reductions in thyroid hormone levels led to an increase in thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels by 3-MeSO2-CB49, 3-MeSO2-CB87 and 3-MeSO2-CB101. A 30% increase in thyroid weight was produced by 3-MeSO2-CB101 treatment. Thus, it is likely that all five tested MeSO2 metabolites could influence thyroid hormone metabolism. The results show that the tested 3- and 4-MeSO2 metabolites of tetra- and pentaCBs reduce thyroid hormone levels in rats, suggesting that the metabolites may act as endocrine-disrupters.  (+info)

Organochlorines in breast milk from two cities in Ukraine. (8/1428)

Reports of environmental problems in the former Soviet Union, including excess use of pesticides, have led to concerns about high levels of contamination in humans, but little information is available to assess whether these concerns are warranted. Samples of breast milk from 197 women from two cities in Ukraine were analyzed for p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, endrin, dieldrin, heptachlor epoxide, trans-nonachlor, oxychlordane, hexachlorobenzene, ss-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), and 18 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, and results were compared to previous reports from Europe. The median ss-HCH concentration was 731 ng/g milk fat, which is higher than other reports from Europe but lower than reports from other parts of the world. The median DDE concentration was 2,457 ng/g milk fat, which is higher than most but not all other reports from Europe. Concentrations of other chemicals were comparable to or lower than other reports from Europe. Concentrations from the city of Kyiv were generally lower than those from Dniprodzerzhinsk, but the magnitudes of these differences were modest.  (+info)

Improved separation of the 209 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Improved separation of the 209 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. AU - Focant, Jean François. AU - Sjödin, Andreas. AU - Patterson, Donald G.. N1 - Funding Information: J.-F. Focant is financially supported by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), a Department of Energy (DOE) facility managed by Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU). PY - 2004/6/25. Y1 - 2004/6/25. N2 - The separation of the 209 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners has been studied using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS). Four column combinations based on thermally stable phases, DB-1/HT-8, DB-XLB/HT-8, DB-XLB/BPX-50, and HT-8/BPX-50, have been investigated. The HT-8/BPX-50 set produced the best separation. The distribution of the 100 to 150 ms wide peaks was highly structured in the chromatographic space and based on the ...
https://pennstate.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/improved-separation-of-the-209-polychlorinated-biphenyl-congeners
Background Contamination by Coplanar Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBS) in Trace Level High Resolution Gas Chromatography/High...Background Contamination by Coplanar Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBS) in Trace Level High Resolution Gas Chromatography/High...
The addition of the dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners to the assessment of risk associated with the 2,3,7,8-chlorine substituted dioxins and furans has dramatically increased the number of laboratories worldwide that are developing analytical procedures for their detection and quantitation. Most of these procedures are based on established sample preparation and analytical techniques employing high resolution gas chromatography/ high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS), which are used for the analyses of dioxin/furans at low parts-per-trillion (ppt) levels. A significant and widespread problem that arises when using these sample preparation procedures for the analysis of coplanar PCBs is the presence of background levels of these congeners. Industrial processes, urban incineration, leaking electrical transformers, hazardous waste accidents, and improper waste disposal practices have released appreciable quantities of PCBs into the environment. This contamination has ...
https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_report.cfm?dirEntryId=54870
Soil Dioxin Contamination Affects the Meat and Eggs of Free Range Hens - Examining FoodSoil Dioxin Contamination Affects the Meat and Eggs of Free Range Hens - Examining Food
Polychlorinated dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDF) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that bioaccumulate in lipids and may enter the food chain through animal products. Recently, Polish authorities discovered a free range farm whose eggs exceeded national standards for dioxin contamination two-fold. Piskorska-Pliszczynska et al.1 evaluated samples from that farm to determine the likely source of the dioxin exposure and to quantify the bioaccumulation of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in the tissues and eggs of the affected hens. They took specimens from the commercial feed and the soil of the free range areas. A veterinarian also performed necropsies and sampled muscle, abdominal fat, liver tissue, ovarian follicles, and whole eggs present in the oviducts. The researchers identified 35 PCDD/F and PCB congeners of interest, including dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) and non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (NDL-PCBs), using gas chromatography ...
https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/soil-dioxin-contamination-affects-the-meat-and-eggs-of-free-range-hens/
CHARACTERIZATION OF AHR SIGNALING AND THE IMPACT OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS ON THE ADAPTIVE RESPONSES TO STRESS IN FISHCHARACTERIZATION OF AHR SIGNALING AND THE IMPACT OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS ON THE ADAPTIVE RESPONSES TO STRESS IN FISH
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread in aquatic systems. These toxicants bioaccumulate in the tissues of aquatic organisms, especially fish as they occupy a position near the top of the aquatic food web. Teleost fish respond to stressors, including toxicants, by activating a co-ordinated network of adaptive responses, collectively termed the integrated stress response, which allows animals to regain homeostasis. Depending on the nature of the stressor, this stress response may be a generalised endocrine response that occurs at the organismal level and/or a cellular response involving protein synthesis. The cellular response to PCB insult involves aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation and the induction of biotransformation enzymes, including cytochrome P4501A (Cyp1A). However, little is known about the mode of action of PCBs in affecting the adaptive stress response in animals. The objective of this thesis was to investigate the role ...
https://uwspace.uwaterloo.ca/handle/10012/3234
The Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyl on Circulating Leptin and Thyroid Hormone Status in Sprague-Dawley Rats, Rattus...The Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyl on Circulating Leptin and Thyroid Hormone Status in Sprague-Dawley Rats, Rattus...
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are persistent environmental chemicals that are known thyroid hormone disrupters. Frequently the disruption of one endocrine axis and the timing of the disruption have an impact on other interdependent hormonal responses. Although the mechanisms for the interdependency of thyroid hormones and leptin have not been fully characterized, both are linked to development and regulation of metabolism. Furthermore, PCB accumulation in depot fat could potentially alter leptin production. In the present study 15-and 30-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed gestationally and lactationally to 1.25 ppm of Aroclor 1254®, a mixture of 52 PCB congeners, via maternal diet, to determine the effect on leptin and thyroid hormones. Additionally, young adult female rats were fed 1.25 PCB for 21 days and the same hormones were assessed. Serum leptin concentrations were determined by a sensitive murine leptin ELISA (DSL, Inc., Webster, TX). Serum thyroid hormone levels were determined ...
https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/handle/1811/44803
Neurodevelopmental toxicity of prenatal polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by chemical structure and activity: A birth cohort...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Neurodevelopmental toxicity of prenatal polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by chemical structure and activity. T2 - A birth cohort study. AU - Park, Hye Youn. AU - Hertz-Picciotto, Irva. AU - Sovcikova, Eva. AU - Kocan, Anton. AU - Drobna, Beata. AU - Trnovec, Tomas. PY - 2010. Y1 - 2010. N2 - Background: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous environmental toxins. Although there is growing evidence to support an association between PCBs and deficits of neurodevelopment, the specific mechanisms are not well understood. The potentially different roles of specific PCB groups defined by chemical structures or hormonal activities e.g., dioxin-like, non-dioxin like, or anti-estrogenic PCBs, remain unclear. Our objective was to examine the association between prenatal exposure to defined subsets of PCBs and neurodevelopment in a cohort of infants in eastern Slovakia enrolled at birth in 2002-2004. Methods: Maternal and cord serum samples were collected at delivery, and analyzed ...
https://ucdavis.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/neurodevelopmental-toxicity-of-prenatal-polychlorinated-biphenyls
Congener-specific analysis of polychlorinated biphenyl in human blood from Japanese on Environmental XPRTCongener-specific analysis of polychlorinated biphenyl in human blood from Japanese on Environmental XPRT
Article Congener-specific analysis of polychlorinated biphenyl in human blood from Japanese. Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners were analyzed by high resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) of whole blood sam...
https://www.environmental-expert.com/articles/congener-specific-analysis-of-polychlorinated-biphenyl-in-human-blood-from-japanese-5149
Thyroid hormone binding proteins as novel targets for hydroxylated polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs) : possible...
TY - THES. T1 - Thyroid hormone binding proteins as novel targets for hydroxylated polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs) : possible implications for toxicity. AU - Lans, M.C.. N1 - WU thesis 1990 Proefschrift Wageningen. PY - 1995. Y1 - 1995. N2 - Some toxic effects caused by polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs) develop through alterations in the reproductive and thyroid hormone regulatory systems, thereby affecting (brain) development, reproduction and behaviour of several species (Stone, 1995, Birnbaum, 1994, for review: Brouwer et al. , 1995, Peterson et al. , 1993). In this thesis we have focused on the effects of different classes of PHAHs, eg. polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dibenzo- p -dioxins (PCDDs) and their hydroxylated metabolites on thyroid hormone homeostasis. These changes seem to be partly caused by Ah-receptor mediated changes in thyroid hormone glucuronidation, and effects on the thyroid gland affecting hormone production and ...
https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/thyroid-hormone-binding-proteins-as-novel-targets-for-hydroxylate
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sediments from the Mersey Estuary, U.K. - NERC...Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sediments from the Mersey Estuary, U.K. - NERC...
Sediments from the Mersey Estuary were analysed for polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Total PAH concentrations ranged from 626 to 3766 μg/kg and total PCB concentrations ranged from 36 to 1409 μg/kg. These concentrations are intermediate in comparison to other U.K estuaries with similar histories of industrialisation and urbanisation. The distribution of individual PAHs were consistent throughout the Mersey Estuary, this together with molecular indices suggests mainly pyrolitic inputs, augmented by a variety of industrial petrogenic sources. Comparison of tri-to-hepta PCB congeners revealed multiple sources and inputs throughout the estuary. A sediment core collected in close proximity to Garston Docks revealed the take-off, peak pollutant input and recent decline of PCB pollution. However, a second depth profile of sediments at Ellesmere Port showed little change in total or individual PCB concentrations due to extensive sediment reworking and ...
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/992/
Polychlorinated biphenyl - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaPolychlorinated biphenyl - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Polychlorinated biphenyls (often shortened to PCBs) are organic chemical compounds that contain chlorine atoms. They were used in industrial chemistry, and to make certain transformers, capacitors, and cooling fluids. The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants declared them to be among the worst chemical pollutants. Their use has been banned worldwide, since 2001. The mode of action of these substances is similar to that of dioxin. Polychlorinated biphenyls were widely used, and they can be found in the atmosphere, the soil, and the bodies of water anywhere on the earth. In the short term, these substances are not very toxic, but they accumulate in the body. They are teratogens, and may cause cancer. ...
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polychlorinated_biphenyl
Polychlorinated biphenyls disturb differentiation of normal human neural progenitor cells: Clue for involvement of thyroid...Polychlorinated biphenyls disturb differentiation of normal human neural progenitor cells: Clue for involvement of thyroid...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Polychlorinated biphenyls disturb differentiation of normal human neural progenitor cells. T2 - Clue for involvement of thyroid hormone receptors. AU - Fritsche, Ellen. AU - Cline, Jason E.. AU - Nguyen, Ngoc Ha. AU - Scanlan, Thomas S.. AU - Abel, Josef. PY - 2005/7. Y1 - 2005/7. N2 - Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous environmental chemicals that accumulate in adipose tissues over the food chain. Epidemiologic studies have indicated that PCBs influence brain development. Children who are exposed to PCBs during development suffer from neuropsychologic deficits such as a lower full-scale IQ (intelligence quotient), reduced visual recognition memory, and attention and motor deficits. The mechanisms leading to these effects are not fully understood. It has been speculated that PCBs may affect brain development by interfering with thyroid hormone (TH) signaling. Because most of the data are from animal studies, we established a model using primary normal human neural ...
https://ohsu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/polychlorinated-biphenyls-disturb-differentiation-of-normal-human-2
Effects of Maternal Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls on Notch Signaling in the Fetal Rat Brain| Research Project...Effects of Maternal Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls on Notch Signaling in the Fetal Rat Brain| Research Project...
PCBs are industrial chemicals that have neurotoxic effects, and studies indicate that they interfere with normal functions of the endocrine system. Although the manufacturing of PCBs was banned in the 1970s, they remain a major contaminant of the environment and of human tissues. Epidemiological studies show that exposure to PCBs during intrauterine development is highly associated with measurable neurological deficits in the offspring. In addition, deficits associated with PCBs are inversely associated with maternal thyroid hormone (TH) levels. This suggests that PCBs interfere with TH action in the fetal brain. Using in situ hybridization to measure HES-1 and HES-5 mRNA (direct markers of Notch activity), our laboratory has found that both maternal thyroid status and maternal exposure to PCBs influences Notch signaling in the fetal rat brain. We found that Aroclor 1254 produces a dose-dependent increase in HES-1 expression in the ventricular zone. Recent evidence suggests that Notch signaling ...
https://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer_abstracts/index.cfm/fuseaction/display.abstractDetail/abstract/6647
Polychlorinated biphenyls promote 1-nitropyrene-induced lung tumorigenesis without the induction of K-ras gene mutation in A/J...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Polychlorinated biphenyls promote 1-nitropyrene-induced lung tumorigenesis without the induction of K-ras gene mutation in A/J mice. AU - Nakanishi, Yoichi. AU - Bai, Feng. AU - Inoue, Koji. AU - Takayama, Koichi. AU - Pei, Xin Hai. AU - Harada, Taishi. AU - Izumi, Miiru. AU - Kimotsuki, Kanehito. AU - Tokiwa, Hiroshi. AU - Hara, Nobuyuki. PY - 2001. Y1 - 2001. N2 - Although the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on human lung carcinogenesis are suggested from the massive PCBs poisoning that occurred in Japan designated Yusho, the detailed molecular mechanism are unknown. 1 nitropyrene (1-NP), an ubiquitous and abundant environmental pollutant, is known to be detected in lung tissues derived from patients with lung cancer in Japan, and its relation to lung carcinogenesis is also suggested. We investigated the effects of PCBs (Kanechlor-400) on l-NP-induced lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice. PCBs were administered intraperitoneally followed by ip injection of 1-NP. The ...
https://miami.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/polychlorinated-biphenyls-promote-1-nitropyrene-induced-lung-tumo
Semipermeable membrane devices used to estimate bioconcentration of polychlorinated biphenylsSemipermeable membrane devices used to estimate bioconcentration of polychlorinated biphenyls
Aquatic organisms passively accumulate hydrophobic organic compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, even when ambient water concentrations of the contaminant are below analytical detection limits. However, contaminant concentrations in tissue samples are subject to an inherently high level of variability due to differences in species, life stage, and gender bioconcentration potentials. Semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) were used to sample Aroclor 1254, a mixture of readily bioconcentrated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), in a contaminated wetland near Flat Top, WV. The devices consisted of triolein, a lipid found in fish, enclosed in a polyethylene membrane. SPMDs were deployed in the water column and in direct contact with wetland sediments along a previously identified concentration gradient of PCBs. The devices were retrieved after a 25-day exposure period. Analytes were recovered by dialyzing the devices in nanograde hexane. Hexane dialysates were condensed and analyzed by gas
https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70021891
EWG Tap Water Database | Phoenixville Water Dept | Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)EWG Tap Water Database | Phoenixville Water Dept | Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
EWGs Tap Water Database Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) results for Phoenixville Water Dept | Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Find out what is in your tap water
https://www.ewg.org/tapwater/system-contaminant.php?pws=PA1150077&contamcode=2383
EWG Tap Water Database | Madison Water Works | Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)EWG Tap Water Database | Madison Water Works | Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
EWGs Tap Water Database Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) results for Madison Water Works | Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Find out what is in your tap water
https://www.ewg.org/tapwater/system-contaminant.php?pws=AL0000885&contamcode=2383
Development of toxic equivalency factors for PCB congeners and the assessment of TCDD and PCB mixtures in rainbow trout -...
Dive into the research topics of Development of toxic equivalency factors for PCB congeners and the assessment of TCDD and PCB mixtures in rainbow trout. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
https://ucdavis.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/development-of-toxic-equivalency-factors-for-pcb-congeners-and-th/fingerprints/
NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 20034456 - Occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and risk of breast cancer.NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 20034456 - Occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and risk of breast cancer.
Background and aims: Despite the endocrine system activity exhibited by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), recent studies have shown little association between PCB exposure and breast cancer mortality. To evaluate the relation between PCB exposure and breast cancer incidence, a more sensitive endpoint than mortality, we studied women exposed to PCBs while employed in capacitor manufacturing facilit
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nioshtic-2/20034456.html
Polbase - Reference: In vitro analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (PCDF)...
In vitro analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (PCDF) cellular toxicity in PLC/PRF/5 cell proliferation--the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid, inchin-gorei-san and shou-saiko-to on cell toxicity.
https://polbase.neb.com/references/8163
NHANES 2009-2010: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), Dibenzofurans (PCDFs) & Coplanar Polychlorinated Biphenyls ...
Other data set: Additional PCB congeners are reported under data file name PCBPOL_F. Among these PCB congeners PCB 105, 114, 118, 156, 157, 167 and 189 has a toxic equivalence factor (TEF) and may be used with this data set for calculating a total TCDD equivalence.. Subsample Weights. PCDDs, PCDFs, and cPCBs were measured in a one-third subsample of participants 12 years and older. Special sample weights are required to analyze these data properly. Specific sample weights for this subsample are included in this data file and should be used when analyzing these data.. Samples were pooled in groups of 8 samples per pool within 40 demographic groups. The analysis of NHANES 2009-2010 pooled-sample data must be conducted with the basic demographic variables provided in this data file. This pooled-sample data file cannot be linked to other NHANES 2009-2010 data. Because each sample person does not have an equal probability of selection, sample weighting is needed to produce correct population ...
https://wwwn.cdc.gov/Nchs/Nhanes/2009-2010/DOXPOL_F.htm
Decontamination of persistent organic pollutants in fishmeal and fish oil. Process optimization and modelingDecontamination of persistent organic pollutants in fishmeal and fish oil. Process optimization and modeling
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are fat soluble chemical substances that persist in the environment and bioaccumulate in the food chain. Through long-range environmental transportation by air, water and migratory species they are transferred to new locations distant from the source of release and might cause adverse effects to human health and to the environment. POPs comprise pesticides, industrial chemicals and unwanted by-products. The European Commission has implemented food and feed legislations concerning maximum permitted levels (MPLs) of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs), dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DLPCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). Fish and consequently fishmeal and fish oil has been identified as one of the most important contributors to the level of dioxins and DL-PCBs in food and feed products. Fish caught in some of the North-European fishing areas contain high dioxin and PCB levels resulting ...
http://bora.uib.no/handle/1956/5129
Toxic Chemistry: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) are synthetic organic chemicals. Uses include plasticisers in paints, plastics & rubber PCBs are a persistent organic pollutant
http://greenspec.co.uk/building-design/polychlorinated-biphenyls-pcbs-health-environment/
Polymers | Free Full-Text | Polychlorinated Biphenyl Profile in Polyhydroxy-alkanoates Synthetized from Urban Organic WastesPolymers | Free Full-Text | Polychlorinated Biphenyl Profile in Polyhydroxy-alkanoates Synthetized from Urban Organic Wastes
The microbial synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from organic wastes is a valuable process to valorize available renewable resources, such as food wastes and biological sludge. Bioplastics find many applications in various sectors, from medical field to food industry. However, persistent organic pollutants could be transferred from wastes to the final product. The present paper demonstrates that the use of municipal wastes in PHA production is safe for the environment and human health and provides a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) profile in both commercial and waste-based PHA samples. PCB analysis in several PHA samples showed very low concentrations of the target analytes. Commercial PHA samples showed a similar PCB level with respect to PHA samples from municipal waste/sludge and higher than PHA samples from fruit waste. For all analyzed PCBs, detected concentrations were consistently lower than the ones reported in regulatory framework or guidelines.
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/3/659
Effect of prevalent polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) food contaminant on the MCF7, LNCap and MDA-MB-231 cell lines viability...Effect of prevalent polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) food contaminant on the MCF7, LNCap and MDA-MB-231 cell lines viability...
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of synthetic organic chlorine compounds known as an organic pollutant in food sources, which play important ro
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40199-021-00394-9?error=cookies_not_supported&code=31dd8063-afad-4a08-a62f-7ff7a023c379
No evidence for oxidative stress in the cerebellar tissues or cells of juvenile male mice exposed via lactation to the 6 non...No evidence for oxidative stress in the cerebellar tissues or cells of juvenile male mice exposed via lactation to the 6 non...
The developing central nervous system is particularly vulnerable to environmental contaminants such as non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (NDL-PCBs). This study investigated the potential oxidative effects in mice pups exposed via lactation to the sum of the six indicator NDL-PCBs (Sigma 6 NDL-PCBs) at 0,1, 10 and 100 ng/kg per 14 days, constituting levels below the guidance values fixed by French food safety agencies for humans at 10 ng/kg body weight per day. For this purpose, the oxidative status was assessed by flow cytometry via dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate in the cerebellum of juvenile male offspring mice during brain growth spurt [postnatal day (PND) 14]. No significant differences were found in the levels of reactive oxygen species in the cerebellar neurons or glial cells (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia) of lactationally exposed male mice at PND 14 (p | 0.05). Concordantly, oxidative-stress related gene expression was measured by qPCR for catalase, copper zinc
https://hal.inrae.fr/view/index/identifiant/hal-01575597
IJERPH | Free Full-Text | A Preliminary Link between Hydroxylated Metabolites of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Free Thyroxin in...IJERPH | Free Full-Text | A Preliminary Link between Hydroxylated Metabolites of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Free Thyroxin in...
Background: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and their hydroxylated metabolites (HO-PCBs) interfere with thyroid hormone action both in vitro and in vivo. However, epidemiologic studies on the link between PCB exposure and thyroid function have yielded discordant results, while very few data are available for HO-PCBs. Objectives: Our study aimed at investigating the relationship between clinically available markers of thyroid metabolism and serum levels of both PCBs and HO-PCBs. Subjects and Methods: In a group of 180 subjects, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxin (fT4), 29 PCBs (expressed both in lipid weight and in wet weight) and 18 HO-PCBs were measured in serum. Results: In regression models, adjusted for gender, age, current smoking behavior, BMI and total lipid levels, serum levels of 3HO-PCB118 and 3HO-PCB180, and PCB95lw, PCB99lw and PCB149lw were independent, significant predictors of fT4. A stepwise, multiple regression with gender, age, current smoking behavior, BMI and total
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/13/4/421
Effect of seafood mediated PCB exposure on desaturase activity and PUFA profile in Faroese septuagenariansEffect of seafood mediated PCB exposure on desaturase activity and PUFA profile in Faroese septuagenarians
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure may affect serum concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) by inhibiting desaturases Δ5 and Δ6 that drive their synthesis from precursor fatty acids. Such changes in the composition of fatty acids may affect cardiovascular disease risk, which is thought to increase at elevated PCB exposures. This population-based cross-sectional study examined 712 Faroese men and women aged 70-74 years. The serum phospholipid fraction of fasting blood samples was used to determine the PUFA profile, including linoleic acid, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosatrienoic acid, and other relevant fatty acids. Ratios between precursor and metabolite fatty acids were used as proxies for Δ5 and Δ6 desaturase activity. Tertiles of serum-PCB concentrations were used in multiple regression analyses to determine the association between the exposure and desaturase activity. In multiple regression models, PCB exposure was inversely related to the estimated ...
https://dash.harvard.edu/handle/1/34767890
Quantitative Analysis of Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls Using GCxGC-NCI-QTOF Chromatography TodayQuantitative Analysis of Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls Using GCxGC-NCI-QTOF Chromatography Today
The most common technique used for the analysis of Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at trace level is gas chromatography coupled to an electron capture detector (GC-ECD). Click to read more...
https://www.chromatographytoday.com/news/gas-chromatography/64/jsb-joint-analytical-systems/quantitative-analysis-of-organochlorine-pesticides-and-polychlorinated-biphenyls-using-gcxgc-nci-qtof/43590
NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 20026170 - Industrial hygiene summary report for workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls...NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 20026170 - Industrial hygiene summary report for workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls...
This industrial hygiene summary report summarizes available information about workers who manufactured polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) filled capacitors at plant 3. Production started in October 1957 and ended in March 1977. Complete work history records for 3,603 workers were microfilmed in March 1977 and 40 personal and 16 area air samples were collected for the evaluation of PCB exposures (NIOSH
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nioshtic-2/20026170.html
Welcome to CDC stacks | Environmental Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls and p,p´-DDE and Sperm Sex-Chromosome Disomy -...Welcome to CDC stacks | Environmental Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls and p,p´-DDE and Sperm Sex-Chromosome Disomy -...
Chromosomal abnormalities contribute substantially to reproductive problems, but the role of environmental risk factors has received little attention.,We evaluated the association of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p-DDE) exposures with sperm sex-chromosome disomy.,We conducted a cross-sectional study of 192 men from subfertile couples. We used multiprobe fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for chromosomes X, Y, and 18 to determine XX, YY, XY, and total sex-chromosome disomy in sperm nuclei. Serum was analyzed for concentrations of 57 PCB congeners and p,p-DDE. Poisson regression models were used to calculate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for disomy by exposure quartiles, controlling for demographic characteristics and semen parameters.,The median percent disomy was 0.3 for XX and YY, 0.9 for XY, and 1.6 for total sex-chromosome disomy. We observed a significant trend of increasing IRRs for increasing quartiles of p,p-DDE in XX, XY, and total ...
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/22737
Temporal trends in the levels of polychlorinated dioxins, -furans, -biphenyls and polybrominated diethyl ethers in bank voles...Temporal trends in the levels of polychlorinated dioxins, -furans, -biphenyls and polybrominated diethyl ethers in bank voles...
Dioxin-like chemicals and brominated flame retardants are ubiquitous in the environment, despite the introduction of international prohibitions and restrictions. These chemicals do not remain in the vicinity of their source, instead they can be transported over long distances, in fact even to pristine areas in the northern latitudes. However, there have been rather few time series experiments monitoring the trends in the levels of chlorinated and brominated forms of these chemicals in the environment. In this study, the concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and -furans (PCDDs/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diethyl ethers (PBDEs) were measured in the liver and muscle of bank voles (Myodes glareolus) caught in a remote area in Finnish Lapland during 1986-2007. Five time points were selected: years 1986, 1992, 1998, 2003 and 2007. The levels of PCDDs/Fs and PCBs declined from 1986 until 2003 in both females and males, but tended to increase again in 2007. The peak
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Temporal-trends-in-the-levels-of-polychlorinated-d-Murtomaa-Hautala-Viluksela/f479c030f5a8899e60ea4ca307448789e50528f7
Identification of Sex-Specific Transcriptome Responses to Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Identification of Sex-Specific Transcriptome Responses to Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). AU - Espin-Perez, Almudena. AU - Hebels, Dennie G. A. J.. AU - Kiviranta, Hannu. AU - Rantakokko, Panu. AU - Georgiadis, Panagiotis. AU - Botsivali, Maria. AU - Bergdahl, Ingvar A.. AU - Palli, Domenico. AU - Spath, Florentin. AU - Johansson, Anders. AU - Chadeau-Hyam, Marc. AU - Kyrtopoulos, Soterios A.. AU - Kleinjans, Jos C. S.. AU - de Kok, Theo M. C. M.. PY - 2019/1/24. Y1 - 2019/1/24. KW - PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS. KW - GENE-EXPRESSION ANALYSIS. KW - CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE. KW - CARCINOMA-CELLS. KW - IMMUNE-SYSTEM. KW - CANCER. KW - LYMPHOMA. KW - EXPOSURE. KW - SUPPRESSION. KW - HEALTH. U2 - 10.1038/s41598-018-37449-y. DO - 10.1038/s41598-018-37449-y. M3 - Article. C2 - 30679748. VL - 9. SP - 1. EP - 12. JO - Scientific Reports. JF - Scientific Reports. SN - 2045-2322. M1 - 746. ER - ...
https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/en/publications/identification-of-sex-specific-transcriptome-responses-to-polychl
The environmental pollutant, polychlorinated biphenyls, and cardiovascular disease: a potential target for antioxidant...The environmental pollutant, polychlorinated biphenyls, and cardiovascular disease: a potential target for antioxidant...
Despite production having stopped in the 1970s, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) represent persistent organic pollutants that continue to pose a serious human health risk. Exposure to PCBs has been...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13346-017-0429-9
PCBs, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Endometriosis,PCBs, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Endometriosis,
Several studies have suggested that exposure to persistent pollutant, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), may increase the risk of developing endometriosis
https://www.endonews.com/environmental-toxins-and-endometriosis
In utero exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls is associated with decreased fecundability in daughters of Michigan female...In utero exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls is associated with decreased fecundability in daughters of Michigan female...
Background: Multiple studies have suggested a relationship between adult exposures to environmental organochlorines and fecundability. There is a paucity of data, however, regarding fetal exposure to organochlorines via the mothers blood and fecundability of adult female offspring. Methods: Data from a two-generation cohort of maternal fisheaters was investigated to assess female offspring fecundability. Serum concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 1,1-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethene (DDE) in Michigan female anglers were serially measured between 1973 and 1991 and used to estimate in utero exposure in their female offspring using two different methods. The angler cohort included 391 women of whom 259 provided offspring information. Of 213 daughters aged 20-50, 151 participated (71 %) and provided information for time intervals of unprotected intercourse (TUI). The daughters reported 308 TUIs (repeated observations), of which 288 ended in pregnancy. We estimated the ...
http://krex.k-state.edu/dspace/handle/2097/35321
ATSDR - Public Health Statement: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)ATSDR - Public Health Statement: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
PCBs are a group of synthetic organic chemicals that can cause a number of different harmful effects. There are no known natural sources of PCBs in the environment. PCBs are either oily liquids or solids and are colorless to light yellow. Some PCBs are volatile and may exist as a vapor in air. They have no known smell or taste. PCBs enter the environment as mixtures containing a variety of individual chlorinated biphenyl components, known as congeners, as well as impurities
https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/PHS/PHS.asp?id=139&tid=26
Mortality in male and female capacitor workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls. | Base documentaire | BDSP
A mortality study was conducted in workers with at least 90 days exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls PCBs between 1946 and 1977. Vital status was established for 98.7% of the 7075 workers studied. In hourly male workers, the mortality from all cancers was significantly below expected standardized mortality ratio SMR=81 ; 95% confidence...
http://www.bdsp.ehesp.fr/Base/187325/
Semiquantitative determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in tissue samples by thin layer chromatographySemiquantitative determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in tissue samples by thin layer chromatography
A method is described for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) compounds in tissue samples. Cleanup by hexane-aceto-nitrile partitioning and Florisil column chromatography are performed on samples before oxidative treatment to convert DDE to DCBP. PCB components are then determined semi-quantitatively by TLC. No prior separation of PCB from chlorinated pesticides is required. The lower limit of sensitivity is 0.2 ?g....
https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/5221236
LSHTM Research OnlineLSHTM Research Online
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and hydroxylated PCBs (OH-PCBs) were investigated in human adipose tissue samples collected from 20 women undergoing surgery. Mean sum of PCB and sum of OH-PCB levels were 737ng/g of lipid and 8pg/g of lipid, respectively. Among PCBs, congeners 180, 153, 138 and 170 were the most frequent and abundant, and together constituted 72% of the total amount of PCBs in adipose tissue. The PCB congener pattern and the frequencies and concentrations of non-dioxin-like and non-hydroxylated congeners observed in adipose tissue were similar in distribution and order of magnitude to the profile previously published in Spain but lower than that found in other European countries. Among OH-PCB congeners studied, 4-OH-PCB 107/118 was found at the highest concentrations followed by 3-OH-PCB 180 and 3-OH-PCB 138. To date, no information on levels of PCB metabolites in the Spanish population is available for comparison. These three predominant OH-PCBs contributed 97% of all OH-PCBs. ...
https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/2687/
Molecular determination of the microbial community structure associated with the dechlorination of 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorobiphenyl ...
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants. In the past, many commercial technologies have been used to clean up highly contaminated areas, but these methods are often very costly. An anaerobic/aerobic bioremediation process would be a simpler and cheaper alternative, but many aspects of this process are not understood, making the process of bioremediation difficult to implement. Aerobic PCB oxidation has been widely studied and microorganisms capable of this action have been isolated. Anaerobic dechlorination has also been well documented, but the responsible microorganisms have not been identified. Understanding the microbial community structure is required for optimizing an acceptable bioremediation process. This study attempted to address this lack of knowledge, in part, with two objectives. The first objective involved establishing cultures capable of dechlorinating 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorobiphenyl (CB) and its dechlorination products, 2,3,5-CB, 2,4,5-CB and 3,5-CB. ...
http://digital.library.musc.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/medica/id/1610/rec/17
PolyChlorinated Biphenyl chọn lọc - TaiLieu.VNPolyChlorinated Biphenyl chọn lọc - TaiLieu.VN
Linh hoạt thay thế cho Chất thải xử lý ô nhiễm Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) và các hợp chất thơm khác được khử trùng bằng clo được phân phối trong đất, bùn cặn, cửa sông, vv, tại hơn 400 trang web trong Hoa Kỳ một mình. Clo béo hydrocarbon (CAHs), rộng rãi được sử dụng để tẩy dầu mỡ và làm sạch động cơ, phụ tùng ô tô, và các thành phần điện tử, chất gây ô nhiễm nghiêm trọng tại 358 lớn các trang web trong chất thải nguy hại Hoa Kỳ. ...
http://tailieu.vn/tag/polychlorinated-biphenyl.html
Abundances, Depositional Fluxes, and Homologue Patterns of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Dated Sediment Cores from the Pearl...Abundances, Depositional Fluxes, and Homologue Patterns of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Dated Sediment Cores from the Pearl...
Article Abundances, Depositional Fluxes, and Homologue Patterns of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Dated Sediment Cores from the Pearl River Delta, China. Despite the recent efforts to investigate the distribution and fate of persistent organic pollutan...
https://www.environmental-expert.com/articles/abundances-depositional-fluxes-and-homologue-patterns-of-polychlorinated-biphenyls-in-dated-sediment-4551
Serum persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and prostate cancer risk: A case-cohort study<...Serum persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and prostate cancer risk: A case-cohort study<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Serum persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and prostate cancer risk. T2 - A case-cohort study. AU - Lim, Jung eun. AU - Nam, Chungmo. AU - Yang, Jiyeon. AU - Rha, KoonHo. AU - Lim, Kyung Min. AU - Jee, Sun Ha. PY - 2017/7/1. Y1 - 2017/7/1. N2 - It is still unclear whether persistent organic pollutants (POPs) exposure increases the prostate cancer incidence risk. This prospective cohort study evaluated the associations between serum POPs concentrations and prostate cancer risk. Within a case-cohort study, we identified 110 people diagnosed with prostate cancer and randomly selected 256 sub-cohort participants without prostate cancer. Serum concentrations of 32 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners and 19 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were measured. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for determining the associations between POPs and risk of prostate cancer were estimated using the weighted Cox regression model. Compared to the lowest tertile, ...
https://yonsei.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/serum-persistent-organic-pollutants-pops-and-prostate-cancer-risk
Polychlorinated dibenzofurans - WikipediaPolychlorinated dibenzofurans - Wikipedia
Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are a family of organic compounds with one or several of the hydrogens in the dibenzofuran structure replaced by chlorines. For example, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF) has chlorine atoms substituted for each of the hydrogens on the number 2, 3, 7, and 8 carbons (see structure in the upper left corner of the second image). Polychlorinated dibenzofurans are much more toxic than the parent compounds, with properties and chemical structures similar to polychlorinated dibenzodioxins. These groups together are often inaccurately called dioxins. They are known teratogens, mutagens, and suspected human carcinogens. PCDFs tend to co-occur with polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs). PCDFs can be formed by pyrolysis or incineration at temperatures below 1200 °C of chlorine containing products, such as PVC, PCBs, and other organochlorides, or of non-chlorine containing products in the presence of chlorine donors. Dibenzofurans are known persistent organic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polychlorinated_dibenzofurans
Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds - WikipediaDioxins and dioxin-like compounds - Wikipedia
Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) are compounds that are highly toxic environmental persistent organic pollutants (POPs). They are mostly by-products of various industrial processes - or, in case of dioxin-like PCBs and PBBs, part of intentionally produced mixtures. They include: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), or simply dioxins. PCDDs are derivatives of dibenzo-p-dioxin. There are 75 PCDD congeners, differing in the number and location of chlorine atoms, and seven of them are especially toxic, the most dangerous being 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), or furans. PCDFs are derivatives of dibenzofuran. There are 135 isomers, ten have dioxin-like properties. Polychlorinated/polybrominated biphenyls (PCBs/PBBs), derived from biphenyl, of which twelve are dioxin-like. Under certain conditions PCBs may form dibenzofurans/dioxins through partial oxidation. Finally, dioxin may refer to 1,4-Dioxin proper, the basic chemical unit of the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dioxins_and_dioxin-like_compounds
Study of polychlorinated biphenyls as potential modifiers of developmental neurotoxicity of methylmercury<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Study of polychlorinated biphenyls as potential modifiers of developmental neurotoxicity of methylmercury. AU - Coccini, Teresa. AU - Castoldi, Anna F.. AU - Roda, Elisa. AU - Sarigiannis, Dimosthenis A.. AU - Manzo, Luigi. PY - 2008. Y1 - 2008. N2 - The developing brain is the most susceptible target for methylmercury (MeHg) toxicity. Typical features of developmental MeHg neurotoxicity include the delayed onset of symptoms and the persistency of dysfunction. One of the factors which may modulate MeHg neurotoxicity is co-exposure to other neurotoxic pollutant, e.g. polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from the same dietary sources. Because PCBs themselves can induce subtle neurodevelopmental deficiencies, recent epidemiological and research studies have focused on the potential hazard resulting from mixtures of PCBs and MeHg. This work summarizes our experimental findings on several endpoints of the cholinergic and aminergic systems in the developing rat brain, following two ...
https://moh-it.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/study-of-polychlorinated-biphenyls-as-potential-modifiers-of-deve
Structure-dependent reduction in DNA I-compound adducts by polychlorinated dibenzofurans in female Sprague-Dawley rat liver<...Structure-dependent reduction in DNA I-compound adducts by polychlorinated dibenzofurans in female Sprague-Dawley rat liver<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Structure-dependent reduction in DNA I-compound adducts by polychlorinated dibenzofurans in female Sprague-Dawley rat liver. AU - Randerath, K.. AU - Randerath, E.. AU - Reddy, R.. AU - Narasimhan, T. R.. AU - Wang, X.. AU - Safe, S.. PY - 1992. Y1 - 1992. N2 - The effects of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) on hepatic I-compound DNA adducts in female Sprague-Dawley rats were determined at 2 dose levels. In the first experiments, rats (4 per group) were treated with each of 3 polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF) congeners at 20 μg/kg/week or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) at 10 μg/kg/week for 4 weeks. Effects on total I-compound levels when compared with age-matched control animals (corn oil) were as follows: control (116) , 1,2,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (PeCDF) (112) , 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF (93) , 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF (91) , TCDD (72) where the numbers in parentheses were the number of I-compounds in 109 DNA nucleotides. In the second experiment, rats (5 per group) ...
https://scholars.houstonmethodist.org/en/publications/structure-dependent-reduction-in-dna-i-compound-adducts-by-polych
Stereoselective formation of mono- and dihydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls by rat cytochrome P450 2B1. - Semantic ScholarStereoselective formation of mono- and dihydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls by rat cytochrome P450 2B1. - Semantic Scholar
Changes in atropisomer composition of chiral polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and their mono- and dihydroxylated metabolites (OH- and diOH-PCBs) via rat cytochrome P450 2B1 (CYP2B1) mediated biotransformation were investigated in vitro. Rat CYP2B1 could stereoselectively biotransform chiral PCBs to generate meta-OH-PCBs as the major metabolites after 60 min incubations. Nonracemic enantiomer fractions (EFs: concentration ratios of the (+)-atropisomer or the first-eluting atropisomer over the total concentrations of two atropisomers) of 5-OH-PCBs, were 0.17, 0.20, 0.85, 0.77, and 0.41 for incubations with PCBs 91, 95, 132, 136, and 149, respectively. CYP-mediated stereoselective formation of diOH-PCBs from OH-PCBs was observed for the first time. After 60 min stereoselective biotransformation, the EFs of both 4-OH-PCB 95 and 5-OH-PCB 95 changed from racemic (i.e., 0.50) to 0.62 and 0.46, respectively. These transformations generated statistically nonracemic 4,5-diOH-PCB 95, with EFs of 0.53 and 0.58 for
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Stereoselective-formation-of-mono-and-dihydroxylat-Lu-Kania-Korwel/3f6d130da3b5bacf413053d853a1e8f25ae5971b
Community strategy on dioxins, furans and polychlorinated biphenyls and the EU Implementation of the Stockholm Convention and...
Spens, K. (2003) Community strategy on dioxins, furans and polychlorinated biphenyls and the EU Implementation of the Stockholm Convention and the UN ECE Protocol on POPs. Persistent Toxic Substances Contamination of the European Region as a reflection of results of the GEF/UNEP Regional Based Assessment of Persistent Toxic Substances (RBA PTS) in Europe, the implementation of the Stockholm Convention and Community Strategy for Dioxins, Furans and PCBs ...
http://www.eugris.info/displayresource.aspx?r=5313&Cat=document
Inhibition of intercellular communication and induction of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity by polychlorobiphenyls, ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Inhibition of intercellular communication and induction of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity by polychlorobiphenyls, -dibenzo-p-dioxins and -dibenzofurans in mouse hepa1c1c7 cells.. AU - de Haan, L.H.J.. AU - Halfwerk, S.. AU - Hovens, S.E.L.. AU - de Roos, B.. AU - Koeman, J.H.. AU - Brouwer, A.. PY - 1996. Y1 - 1996. U2 - 10.1016/1382-6689(95)00006-2. DO - 10.1016/1382-6689(95)00006-2. M3 - Article. VL - 1. SP - 27. EP - 37. JO - Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. SN - 1382-6689. ER - ...
https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/inhibition-of-intercellular-communication-and-induction-of-ethoxy
WHO/UNEP global surveys of PCDDs, PCDFs, PCBs and DDTs in human milk and benefit-risk evaluation of breastfeedingWHO/UNEP global surveys of PCDDs, PCDFs, PCBs and DDTs in human milk and benefit-risk evaluation of breastfeeding
Since 1987, the World Health Organization (WHO) carried out global surveys on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in human milk. This study presents a review of the three most recent surveys from 2000 to 2010, including DDT. The objective was to identify global quantitative differences and provide baseline information for 52 countries or provide time-trends for countries with previous data. Individual human milk samples were collected following a WHO-designed procedure and combined to form a national pooled sample. Here, we report global levels for PCDDs, PCDFs, PCBs and the sum of o,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDT, o,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDE, o,p′-DDD and p,p′-DDD (ΣDDTs). A concise risk-benefit evaluation related to human milk contamination with these persistent organic pollutants (POPs) was also done. Large global and regional differences were observed. Levels of PCDDs and PCDFs were highest in India and some European and ...
http://oru.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:949771
Chiral PCB congeners are main the different parts of PCB mixtures - NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor MLN4924 induced apoptosis...Chiral PCB congeners are main the different parts of PCB mixtures - NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor MLN4924 induced apoptosis...
Chiral PCB congeners are main the different parts of PCB mixtures and undergo enantioselective biotransformation to hydroxylated (OH-)PCBs by cytochrome P450 enzymes. 91, 95, 132 and 149. The OH-PCBs had been extracted through the microsomal incubations, derivatized with diazomethane and examined as the particular methoxylated (MeO-)PCB derivatives using chosen columns. The 5-hydroxylated metabolites of PCBs 91, 95, 132 and 149 had been the main metabolites, which can be in keeping with PCBs biotransformation by cytochrome P450 2B enzymes. All 5-hydroxylated metabolites shown a definite, congener-specific enantiomeric enrichment. General, this scholarly research demonstrates for the very first time that chiral PCBs, such as for example PCB 91, 95, 132 and 149, are metabolized to OH-PCBs by cytochrome P450 enzymes enantioselectively. and lactational exposures to multiple-substituted PCB congeners correlate with reduced intelligence quotients, impaired learning and memory, attentional deficits, ...
https://mln4924.com/chiral-pcb-congeners-are-main-the-different-parts-of-pcb-mixtures/
Dioxins in food: Dietary exposure assessment and risk characterisationDioxins in food: Dietary exposure assessment and risk characterisation
Dioxins refers to a group of persistent chlorinated chemical compounds that have similar chemical structures and properties, and have similar biological characteristics, including toxicity. Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ) has conducted an analytical survey of dioxins in a range of food sampled in Australia with the purpose of assessing the level of risk to human health associated with the dietary exposure of the Australian population to dioxins. The overall conclusion of this report is that, on the basis of the available data, taking into account all the inherent uncertainties and limitations, the public health and safety risk for all Australians from exposure to dioxins from foods is very low.. Dioxins includes the polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs or dioxins), the closely related polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs or furans) and polychlorinated biphenyls (dioxin-like PCBs, or PCBs). These compounds can accumulate in the body fat of animals and humans and have a tendency ...
http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/publications/pages/dioxinsinfood/Default.aspx
Metabolism of Doubly para-Substituted Hydroxychlorobiphenyls by Bacterial Biphenyl Dioxygenases - Espace INRSMetabolism of Doubly para-Substituted Hydroxychlorobiphenyls by Bacterial Biphenyl Dioxygenases - Espace INRS
In this work, we examined the profile of metabolites produced from the doubly para-substituted biphenyl analogs 4,4-dihydroxybiphenyl, 4-hydroxy-4-chlorobiphenyl, 3-hydroxy-4,4-dichlorobiphenyl, and 3,3-dihydroxy-4,4-chlorobiphenyl by biphenyl-induced Pandoraea pnomenusa B356 and by its biphenyl dioxygenase (BPDO). 4-Hydroxy-4-chlorobiphenyl was hydroxylated principally through a 2,3-dioxygenation of the hydroxylated ring to generate 2,3-dihydro-2,3,4-trihydroxy-4-chlorobiphenyl and 3,4-dihydroxy-4-chlorobiphenyl after the removal of water. The former was further oxidized by the biphenyl dioxygenase to produce ultimately 3,4,5-trihydroxy-4-chlorobiphenyl, a dead-end metabolite. 3-Hydroxy-4,4-dichlorobiphenyl was oxygenated on both rings. Hydroxylation of the nonhydroxylated ring generated 2,3,3-trihydroxy-4-chlorobiphenyl with concomitant dechlorination, and 2,3,3-trihydroxy-4-chlorobiphenyl was ultimately metabolized to 2-hydroxy-4-chlorobenzoate, but hydroxylation of the ...
http://espace.inrs.ca/3242/
Identification of the bphA and bphB Genes of Pseudomonas sp. Strain KKS102 Involved in degradation of biphenyl and...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Identification of the bphA and bphB Genes of Pseudomonas sp. Strain KKS102 Involved in degradation of biphenyl and polychlorinated biphenyls. AU - Fukuda, Masao. AU - Yasukochi, Yuji. AU - Kikuchi, Yutaka. AU - Nagata, Yuji. AU - Kimbara, Kazuhide. AU - Horiuchi, Hiroyuki. AU - Takagi, Masamichi. AU - Yano, Keiji. PY - 1994/7/29. Y1 - 1994/7/29. N2 - The nucleotide sequence of the upstream region of the bphC gene from Pseudomonas sp. strain KKS102 was determined. Four genes were found in this region. Deduced amino acid sequences of the first, second, third and fourth genes showed significant homology with a large subunit of iron-sulfur protein, a small subunit of iron-sulfur protein, ferredoxin and dihydrodiol dehydrogenase, respectively, from other bacteria which degrade biphenyl/polychlorinated biphenyls, toluene and benzene. E. coli, in which the four genes, bphC and the gene for ferredoxin reductase from benzene degrading bacterium were expressed, was able to produce ...
https://tohoku.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/identification-of-the-bpha-and-bphb-genes-of-pseudomonas-sp-strai
POLYCHLORINATED NAPHTHALENE (PCN) AND DIBENZOFURAN (PCDF) CONGENER PATTERNS FROM PHENOL PRECURSORS IN THERMAL PROCESS: [II]...POLYCHLORINATED NAPHTHALENE (PCN) AND DIBENZOFURAN (PCDF) CONGENER PATTERNS FROM PHENOL PRECURSORS IN THERMAL PROCESS: [II]...
POLYCHLORINATED NAPHTHALENE (PCN) AND DIBENZOFURAN (PCDF) CONGENER PATTERNS FROM PHENOL PRECURSORS IN THERMAL PROCESS: [II] EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS FROM DICHLOROPHENOLS (DCPs) - Municipal waste incinerator;Thermal process;Combustion;Polychlorinated Naphthalenes;Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans;Chlorophenol;
http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/ArticleFullRecord.jsp?cn=E1HGBK_2006_v11n4_232
Dioxins and PCBs | European Food Safety AuthorityDioxins and PCBs | European Food Safety Authority
Dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are toxic chemicals that persist in the environment and accumulate in the food chain. Their presence in the environment in Europe has declined since the 1970s, following concerted efforts by public authorities and industry.. In the context of EFSAs work, dioxins refers to two groups of compounds: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Dioxins have no technological or other use, but are generated in a number of thermal and industrial processes as unwanted and often unavoidable by-products. In contrast to dioxins, PCBs had widespread use in numerous industrial applications, and were produced in large quantities for several decades with an estimated total world production of 1.2-1.5 million tonnes, until they were banned in most countries by the 1980s.. Dioxins and PCBs are found at low levels in many foods. Longer-term exposure to these substances has been shown to cause a range of adverse effects on the nervous, immune ...
http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/topics/topic/dioxins-and-pcbs?qt-quicktabs_field_collection=0
Dioxins and PCBs | European Food Safety AuthorityDioxins and PCBs | European Food Safety Authority
Dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are toxic chemicals that persist in the environment and accumulate in the food chain. Their presence in the environment in Europe has declined since the 1970s, following concerted efforts by public authorities and industry.. In the context of EFSAs work, dioxins refers to two groups of compounds: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Dioxins have no technological or other use, but are generated in a number of thermal and industrial processes as unwanted and often unavoidable by-products. In contrast to dioxins, PCBs had widespread use in numerous industrial applications, and were produced in large quantities for several decades with an estimated total world production of 1.2-1.5 million tonnes, until they were banned in most countries by the 1980s.. Dioxins and PCBs are found at low levels in many foods. Longer-term exposure to these substances has been shown to cause a range of adverse effects on the nervous, immune ...
http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/topics/topic/dioxins-and-pcbs?qt-quicktabs_field_collection=2
Relation of a seafood diet to mercury, selenium, arsenic, and polychlorinated biphenyl and other organochlorine concentrations...Relation of a seafood diet to mercury, selenium, arsenic, and polychlorinated biphenyl and other organochlorine concentrations...
Human transition milk was sampled from 88 mothers at the Faroe Islands, where the seafood diet includes pilot whale meat and blubber. Milk mercury concentrations (median, 2.45 micrograms/liter) were significantly associated with mercury concentrations in cord blood and with the frequency of pilot wh …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8757236/
persistent organic pollutants list 2019
Latest findings suggest that the chemicals, which are no longer produced in the United States but persist in the environment, may have lasting health effects even at low levels. POPs, PBTs and vPvBs There are three groups of persistent substances mentioned in regulations: - POP, Persistent Organic Pollutants - PBT, Persistent, Bio-accumulative and Toxic substances - vPvB, very Persistent and very Bio-accumulative substances Persistent means that these substances will not (bio)degrade. The new regulation repeals the POP Regulation (EC) No 850/2004 and comes into force on 15 July 2019. L 169, 25.6.2019, p. 45). Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are chemical substances that persist in the environment, bioaccumulate through the food web, and pose a risk of causing adverse effects to human health and the environment. sponsor this page to leave your contact info on this page.. Persistent Organic Pollutant. Stockholm, Basel, Rotterdam and Geneva) provisions have been established. ...
http://taxes-4u.com/v-ecf/aac6ec-persistent-organic-pollutants-list-2019
Influence of persistent organic pollutants on oxidative stress in population-based samplesInfluence of persistent organic pollutants on oxidative stress in population-based samples
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are a large group of chemicals widely used and produced in various industrial applications. Many cell culture/animal studies have shown that POPs can induce oxidative stress. Since such data is lacking in humans, we conducted a large population-based study to analyze associations between POPs and oxidative stress markers. We measured following POPs; 16 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 5 organochlorine (OC) pesticides, octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin, and polybrominated diphenyl ether 47, and oxidative stress markers; homocysteine, reduced [GSH] and oxidized glutathione [GSSG], glutathione ratio [GSSG/GSH], total glutathione, oxidized low-density lipoprotein [ox-LDL], ox-LDL antibodies, conjugated dienes, baseline conjugated dienes of LDL, and total anti-oxidative capacity in plasma samples collected from 992 70-year old individuals (50% women) from the population-based Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) cohort. Linear ...
http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:755429
Persistent organic pollutant emissions - European Environment AgencyPersistent organic pollutant emissions - European Environment Agency
Emissions of a number of compounds categorised as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) - e.g. hexachlorobenzene (HCB, by 92%), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH, by 85%), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs, by 75%), dioxins & furans (by 83%), and poly-aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, by 61%) - decreased between 1990 and 2012 in the EEA-33 countries. While the majority of countries report that POPs emissions fell during this period, a number report that increased emissions occurred. In 2012, the most significant sources of emissions for these POPs included Commercial, institutional and households (10% of HCB, 32% of dioxins and furans, 16% of PCBs) and Industrial processes (70% of HCB, 32% of HCH, 27% of PCBs) sectors.
https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/eea32-persistent-organic-pollutant-pop-emissions-1/assessment-4
Todd Bernhardt | RPS Iris Environmental
Served as the lead human health risk assessment consultant in the preparation of a focused feasibility study and remedial action plan, and notification plan specifically for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) for a former cast plate facility. Managed the development of site-specific risk-based screening levels for various chemicals in soil or soil vapor, including PCBs as Aroclor mixtures and dioxin-like congeners, for multiple receptors and exposure pathways. As part of the development of risk-based remediation goals, conducted a series of regression analyses to evaluate the relationship between the results of Aroclor mixture and dioxin-like PCB congener analyses and estimate a formula that could be used to: 1) estimate dioxin toxic equivalent concentrations for samples only analyzed for Aroclors, 2) support (or refine) proposed risk-based remediation goals based on Aroclor concentrations, and 3) support remediation confirmation sampling at a significantly reduced cost.. ...
http://irisenv.com/team/todd-bernhardt
Molekyl rbiologisk institutt - 1998Molekyl rbiologisk institutt - 1998
1 PublKat: A11 (Artikkel i internasjonalt vitenskapelig tidsskrift med referee) Instit: Universitetet i Bergen, Det matematisk-naturvitenskapelige fakultet, Molekyl rbiologisk institutt Forf: Aas, Endre Medforf: Beyer, Jonny Medforf: Goks yr, Anders UiB, Molekyl rbiologisk institutt Tittel: PAH in fish bile detected by fixed wavelength fluorescence Tidskr: Marine Environmental Research Red: Widdows, J Red: Luoma, S.N. ISSN: 0141-1136 r: 1998 Volum: 46 Hefte: 1-5 Side(r): 225-228 Utgiver: Elsevier Spr k: eng PublID: r99000791 2 PublKat: C15 (Hovedfagsoppgave) Instit: Universitetet i Bergen, Det matematisk-naturvitenskapelige fakultet, Molekyl rbiologisk institutt Forf: Addo, Matthew Glover Tittel: The effect of polychlorinated biphenyls on cod (Gadus morhua) zona radiata, prolactin and cytochrome P4501A gene expression Serie: cand.scient.-oppgave r: 1998 Side(r): IX, 57 bl. Tilgang: UBBRB Emneord: molekyl rbiologi Spr k: eng PublID: r98025975 StatKat: f 3 PublKat: C15 (Hovedfagsoppgave) Instit: ...
http://www.ub.uib.no/avdeling/fdok/publ/98full/44.html
Persistent organic pollutant emissions - European Environment AgencyPersistent organic pollutant emissions - European Environment Agency
EEA-33 emissions of a number of compounds categorised as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have decreased between 1990 and 2011, including hexachlorobenzene (HCB) by 96%, hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) by 95%, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by 73%, dioxins & furans by 84%, and poly-aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by 58%. While the majority of individual countries report that POP emissions have fallen during this period, a number report that increases in emissions of one or more pollutants have occurred. In 2011, the most significant sources of emissions for these POPs included the sectors Commercial, institutional and households (61% for PAHs, 19% of HCB, 39% of dioxins and furans, 15% of PCB emissions) and Industrial processes (43% of HCB, 75% of HCH, 38% of PCB emissions). Important emission sources of PAH include residential combustion processes (open fires, coal and wood burning for heating purposes etc.), industrial metal production processes, and the road transport sector. Emissions
https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/eea32-persistent-organic-pollutant-pop-emissions-1/assessment-3
Polychlorinated Dibenzo-P-Dioxins, Furans, and Biphenyls (PCDDs/PCDFs and PCBs) in Breast Milk and Early Childhood Growth and...Polychlorinated Dibenzo-P-Dioxins, Furans, and Biphenyls (PCDDs/PCDFs and PCBs) in Breast Milk and Early Childhood Growth and...
Experimental studies have shown that dioxin-like chemicals may interfere with aspects of the endocrine system including growth. However, human background population studies are, however, scarce. We aimed to investigate whether early exposure of healthy infants to dioxin-like chemicals was associated …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24586095/
Wellington Laboratories Reference Standards - Greyhound ChromatographyWellington Laboratories Reference Standards - Greyhound Chromatography
High quality reference standard solutions for use in environmental/analytical testing and toxicological research. Wellington Laboratories offers an extensive inventory of individual certified reference standards and solution mixtures of native and mass-labelled halogenated organic compounds including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, polychlorinated biphenyls, halogenated flame retardants and perfluorinated compounds. Wellington Laboratories also offer a variety of calibration sets and support solutions designed to be used for common regulatory methods or modified in-house methods
http://www.greyhoundchrom.com/manufacturer/343-wellington.aspx?pageindex=121
Polychlorinated biphenyl - WikipediaPolychlorinated biphenyl - Wikipedia
In 1865 the first PCB-like chemical was discovered, and was found to be a byproduct of coal tar. Years later in 1881, German chemists synthesized the first PCB in a laboratory. Between then and 1914, large amounts of PCBs were released into the environment, to the extent that there are still measurable amounts of PCBs in feathers of birds currently held in museums.[57]. In 1935, Monsanto Chemical Company (now Solutia Inc) took over commercial production of PCBs from Swann Chemical Company which had begun in 1929. PCBs, originally termed chlorinated diphenyls, were commercially produced as mixtures of isomers at different degrees of chlorination. The electric industry used PCBs as a non-flammable replacement for mineral oil to cool and insulate industrial transformers and capacitors. PCBs were also commonly used as heat stabilizer in cables and electronic components to enhance the heat and fire resistance of PVC.[58]. In the 1930s, the toxicity associated with PCBs and other chlorinated ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polychlorinated_biphenyls
Atmospheric distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), and non-ortho biphenyls (PCBs) along a...
Find out more about Lancaster Universitys research activities, view details of publications, outputs and awards and make contact with our researchers.
http://www.research.lancs.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/atmospheric-distribution-of-polychlorinated-dibenzopdioxins-dibenzofurans-pcddfs-and-nonortho-biphenyls-pcbs-along-a-northsouth-atlantic-transect
Soil and sediment - Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls（PCBs）- Gas chromatography mass spectrometry
This standard is developed for the purposes of enforcing the Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Environmental Protection, protecting the environment, safeguarding the public health, and setting standards for PCBs in soil and sediment. This standard specifies the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the determination of PCBs in soil and sediment. It is the original version.. ...
http://english.mep.gov.cn/Resources/standards/Soil/Method_Standard4/201605/t20160511_337494.shtml
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in air and seawater of the Atlantic Ocean : sources, trends and processes. - Lancaster EPrintsPolychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in air and seawater of the Atlantic Ocean : sources, trends and processes. - Lancaster EPrints
Air and seawater samples were collected on board the RV Polarstern during a cruise from Bremerhaven, Germany to Cape Town, South Africa from October-November 2005. Broad latitudinal trends were observed with the lowest Σ27PCB air concentration (10 pg m−3) in the South Atlantic and the highest (1000 pg m−3) off the west coast of Africa. ΣICESPCBs ranged from 3.7 to 220 pg m−3 in air samples and from 0.071 to 1.7 pg L−1 in the dissolved phase seawater samples. Comparison with other data from cruises in the Atlantic Ocean since 1990 indicate little change in air concentrations over the remote open ocean. The relationship of gas-phase partial pressure with temperature was examined using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation; significant temperature dependencies were found for all PCBs over the South Atlantic, indicative of close air-water coupling. There was no temperature dependence for atmospheric PCBs over the North Atlantic, where concentrations were controlled by advection of contaminated ...
http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/28063/
Determinants of serum concentrations of organochlorine compounds in Swedish pregnant women : a cross-sectional studyDeterminants of serum concentrations of organochlorine compounds in Swedish pregnant women : a cross-sectional study
BACKGROUND: We performed a cross-sectional study of associations between personal characteristics and lipid-adjusted serum concentrations of certain PCB congeners and chlorinated pesticides/metabolites among 323 pregnant primiparous women from Uppsala County (age 18-41 years) sampled 1996-1999. METHODS: Extensive personal interviews and questionnaires about personal characteristics were performed both during and after pregnancy. Concentrations of organochlorine compounds in serum lipids in late pregnancy were analysed by gas chromatography. Associations between personal characteristics and serum levels of organochlorine compounds were analysed by multiple linear regression. RESULTS: Participation rate was 82% (325 of 395 women). Serum concentrations of PCB congeners IUPAC no. 28, 52, 101, 105 and 167, and o, p-DDT and -DDE, p, p-DDT and -DDD, oxychlordane, and gamma- and alpha-HCH were in many cases below the limit of quantification (LOQ). No statistical analysis of associations with personal ...
http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:241763
Team:Beijing Normal/Project - 2008.igem.orgTeam:Beijing Normal/Project - 2008.igem.org
The biphenyl molecule is made up of two connected rings of six carbon atoms each, and a PCB is any molecule having multiple chlorines attached to the biphenyl nucleus. Two distinct classes of bacteria have now been identified that biodegrade PCBs by different mechanisms, including aerobic bacteria which live in oxygenated environments and anaerobic bacteria which live in oxygen free environments such as aquatic sediments. The aerobes attack PCBs oxidatively , breaking open the carbon ring and destroying the compounds. Anaerobes, on the other hand, leave the biphenyl rings intact while removing the chlorines. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) were introduced into the biosphere on a large scale as by-products from the manufacture of chlorinated phenols and the incineration of wastes. Due to their high toxicity they have been the subject of great public and scientific scrutiny. The evidence in the literature suggests that PCDD/F compounds are subject ...
http://2008.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:Beijing_Normal/Project&direction=prev&oldid=103280
Solvent Extraction and Tandem Dechlorination for Decontamination of So by Paul Ki-souk Nam, Shubhender Kapila et al.Solvent Extraction and Tandem Dechlorination for Decontamination of So by Paul Ki-souk Nam, Shubhender Kapila et al.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) guidelines allow removal of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from soils via solvent extraction. This option holds promise for removal of other recalcitrant organic contaminants as well. A study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of solvent extraction with two tandem degradation techniques. The degradation techniques were chemical dehalogenation with immobilized reagents and γ-ray irradiation. The integrated approach was evaluated with contaminated soils from wood treatment and electric power substation sites. Evaluations were carried out on a bench scale in the laboratory and on a semi-pilot scale at a contaminated site. Binary solvent mixture of alkanes and alcohols yielded the highest extraction efficiencies. Extraction efficiencies in excess of 90% were obtained for PCBs, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Extracted PCBs were rapidly degraded through chemical dehalogenation or
https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/chem_facwork/273/
A cohort study of developmental polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure in relation to post-vaccination antibody response at 6...
PubMed Central Canada (PMC Canada) provides free access to a stable and permanent online digital archive of full-text, peer-reviewed health and life sciences research publications. It builds on PubMed Central (PMC), the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) free digital archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature and is a member of the broader PMC International (PMCI) network of e-repositories.
http://pubmedcentralcanada.ca/pmcc/articles/PMC2859670/?lang=en-ca
Physical sciences/Chemistry/Chemical compounds/Organic compounds/Hydrocarbons/Polychlorinated biphenyls | American Association...Physical sciences/Chemistry/Chemical compounds/Organic compounds/Hydrocarbons/Polychlorinated biphenyls | American Association...
Our ability to provide a voice for scientists and engineers and to advance science depends on the support from individuals like you.. Give. ...
https://www.aaas.org/disciplines/physical-sciences/chemistry/chemical-compounds/organic-compounds/hydrocarbons-0
PCBs were banned three decades ago, but theyre still hurting marine mammals | War in ContextPCBs were banned three decades ago, but theyre still hurting marine mammals | War in Context
Pacific Standard reports: On April 19, 1979, the United States Environmental Protection Agency announced a five-year plan to phase out nearly all uses of polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs. The synthetic chemicals had been used in the manufacture of electronic equipment, motor oil, adhesive tapes, paint, and many other products.. Although PCBs are no longer being produced in this country, we will now bring under control the vast majority of PCBs still in use, EPA administrator Douglas M. Costle boasted at the time. This will help prevent further contamination of our air, water, and food supplies from a toxic and very persistent manmade chemical.. It turns out Costle celebrated too early - way, way too early. More than 36 years after being banned, PCBs continue to pollute ecosystems, according to a study released in the journal PLoS One. They pose a particular challenge to the survival of marine mammals like porpoises, whales, and dolphins. [Continue reading…] ...
http://warincontext.org/2015/08/02/pcbs-were-banned-three-decades-ago-but-theyre-still-hurting-marine-mammals/
Association between dietary intakes of PCBs and the risk of obesity: the SUN project | Journal of Epidemiology & Community...Association between dietary intakes of PCBs and the risk of obesity: the SUN project | Journal of Epidemiology & Community...
Background Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are persistent organic pollutants (POP) that are consumed because of their bioaccumulation through the food chain. Recent studies have suggested the implication of POPs in the development of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. However, this relationship is not entirely consistent, and has not been investigated in longitudinal studies. The purpose of this study was to prospectively examine the association between dietary intake of PCBs and the incidence of obesity in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Project.. ...
https://jech.bmj.com/content/68/9/834
Congener-specific determination of ultratrace levels of chlorinated and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in...Congener-specific determination of ultratrace levels of chlorinated and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in...
Isotopic dilution gas chromatography combined with high resolution mass spectrometry (GC/HRMS) has overwhelming advantages with respect to the accuracy of congener-specific ultratrace analysis of complex persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in environmental matrices. However, an isotopic dilution GC/HRMS method for analysis of chlorinated and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Cl-PAHs and Br-PAHs) using 13C-labelled congeners as internal standards has not been established. In this study, a method for identification and quantification of 38 congeners of Cl-PAHs and Br-PAHs in atmosphere and stack gas samples from waste incinerators was developed using the isotopic dilution GC/HRMS technique. The instrumental detection limits of the GC/HRMS method ranged from 0.2pg to 1.8pg for Cl-PAH congeners, and 0.7pg to 2.7pg for Br-PAH congeners, which were about three orders of magnitude lower than those of the GC/quadrupole MS method. This new method developed was also the first to enable ...
http://oru.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:1121078
Computational Organic Chemistry » biphenylComputational Organic Chemistry » biphenyl
1) Bastiansen, O.; Samdal, S., Structure and barrier of internal rotation of biphenyl derivatives in the gaseous state: Part 4. Barrier of internal rotation in biphenyl, perdeuterated biphenyl and seven non-ortho-substituted halogen derivatives, J. Mol. Struct., 1985, 128, 115-125, DOI: 10.1016/0022-2860(85)85044-4.. (2) Sancho-Garcia, J. C.; Cornil, J., Anchoring the Torsional Potential of Biphenyl at the ab Initio Level: The Role of Basis Set versus Correlation Effects, J. Chem. Theory Comput., 2005, 1, 581-589, DOI: 10.1021/ct0500242.. (3) Johansson, M. P.; Olsen, J., Torsional Barriers and Equilibrium Angle of Biphenyl: Reconciling Theory with Experiment, J. Chem. Theory Comput., 2008, 4, 1460-1471, DOI: 10.1021/ct800182e.. ...
http://comporgchem.com/blog/?cat=46
Environmental Health Perspectives - Nonlegacy PCBs: Pigment Manufacturing By-Products Get a Second LookEnvironmental Health Perspectives - Nonlegacy PCBs: Pigment Manufacturing By-Products Get a Second Look
Between 1929 and 1989 an estimated 1.7 million metric tons of PCBs were produced commercially worldwide.2 These commercial PCBs were sold in the United States under dozens of different trade names, of which the most commonly known was Aroclor. These products were mixtures that contained different PCB congeners, each with between 1 and 10 chlorine atoms.3 (Unintentionally produced PCBs also typically occur as mixtures of congeners.) Each of the total 209 PCB congeners has a distinct structure that influences how it behaves environmentally and how it interacts with living cells and organisms.. Although large amounts of commercially produced PCBs remain in the environment, monitoring conducted at a number of sites around North America in the past five years or so has detected notable air concentrations of PCB congeners that are not part of the historical, now-banned commercial PCB products. These congeners have also been detected in U.S. water bodies including the Delaware River, the New York-New ...
https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/121-a86/
Polychlorinated biphenylPolychlorinated biphenyl
Aoki Y (May 2001). "Polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, and polychlorinated dibenzofurans as ... Gupta RC (2011). "41 Polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans". ... Safe S (1984). "Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs): biochemistry, toxicology, and mechanism ... April 2013). "Carcinogenicity of polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated biphenyls" (PDF). The Lancet. Oncology. 14 (4): ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polychlorinated_biphenyl
Bioremediation of polychlorinated biphenylBioremediation of polychlorinated biphenyl
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are various biphenyl based artificial products that are widely used as a dielectric fluid, ... "Bioremediation of soils and sediments contaminated by polychlorinated biphenyls". Microbiology. 76 (6): 639-653. doi:10.1134/ ... "Phytoremediation and bioremediation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): State of knowledge and research perspectives". Journal ... "Strategies for bioremediation of polychlorinated biphenyls". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 65 (3): 250-258. doi: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioremediation_of_polychlorinated_biphenyl
Kalamazoo Superfund SiteKalamazoo Superfund Site
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) constitute a wide array of now-banned organic chemicals with a variety of industrial ... "Health Effects." Polychlorinated Biphenyls. 8 Aug. 2008. Environmental Protection Agency. 14 Oct. 2008. "Kalamazoo River ... polychlorinated biphenyls) from paper mills and other factories. After the Industrial Revolution, many paper mills that ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalamazoo_Superfund_Site
Biological oxidizerBiological oxidizer
... polychlorinated biphenyls; hydrocarbons (oil); benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BETEX); methyl ethyl ketone (MEK); ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_oxidizer
1978 in the environment1978 in the environment
"Prioritization, risk evaluation, and regulation of chemical substances and mixtures; Polychlorinated biphenyls." 15 U.S.C. § ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978_in_the_environment
Pollution of the Hudson RiverPollution of the Hudson River
"Learn about Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)". Washington, D.C.: EPA. 2016. Schmidt, Charles W. (December 2001). "Of PCBs and ... Between 1947 and 1977, General Electric polluted the Hudson River by discharging polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) causing a ... "Health Effects of PCBs". Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). EPA. 2021-05-13. Hudson River Sloop Clearwater, Beacon, NY. "History ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollution_of_the_Hudson_River
Pollution in CanadaPollution in Canada
Polychlorinated biphenyls or PCBs also pollute the soil. PCBs are released into the environment through "spills, leaks from ... "Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)". Illinois Department of Public Health. Retrieved 31 October 2012. "Weeds Remediate ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollution_in_Canada
Diamond Head Oil Refinery Superfund SiteDiamond Head Oil Refinery Superfund Site
PCB, or Polychlorinated biphenyls, are mixtures of colorless chemicals with no taste or smell. PCBs were originally produced to ... "Tox Town - Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) - Toxic chemicals and environmental health risks where you live and work". Toxtown. ... The contaminants include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), semiVOCs and heavy ... "Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)". Toxtown.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 25 September 2017. "Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond_Head_Oil_Refinery_Superfund_Site
PCB congener listPCB congener list
This is a complete list of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners. Congener descriptors give a shorthand notation for ... PCB ID - Toxicity Equivalency Factors (TEFs) , Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) , US EPA PCB Congeners BZ was named after ... "Analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) by glass capillary gas chromatography". Fresenius' Zeitschrift für Analytische ... The first group of 20 congeners consists of those with chlorine substitution at none of the ortho positions on the biphenyl ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCB_congener_list
MonsantoMonsanto
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). EPA.gov (June 28, 2006). "PCBs: Production, Import/Export, Use, and Disposal", Agency for ... Until it ended production in 1977, Monsanto was the source of 99% of the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) used by U.S. industry ... In the late 1960s, the Monsanto plant in Sauget, Illinois, was the nation's largest producer of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) ... Erickson, Mitchell D.; Kaley, II, Robert G. (2011). "Applications of polychlorinated biphenyls" (PDF). Environmental Science ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monsanto
2,2,3,3,4,4-Hexachlorobiphenyl2,2',3,3',4,4'-Hexachlorobiphenyl
All polychlorinated biphenyls are classified as a type B2 carcinogen in the IRIS database after a study found them to be ... A mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls contaminated with dioxins was accidentally added to animal food. The early signs of ... "Learn about Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)". epa.gov. 19 August 2015. Retrieved 2022-02-11. Wahlang B, Song M, Beier J, ... Polychlorinated biphenyls have been reported to cause a disruption in cellular Ca2+ homeostasis and translocation of protein ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2,2',3,3',4,4'-Hexachlorobiphenyl
TeratologyTeratology
Jacobson, J (May 1997). "Teratogen update: polychlorinated biphenyls". Teratology. 5 (55): 338-47. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9926( ... Known teratogens include: retinol, thalidomide, mercury, alcohol, lead, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and 2,3,7,8- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teratology
Nonpoint source water pollution regulations in the United StatesNonpoint source water pollution regulations in the United States
ISBN 978-0-8493-3778-9. Polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo...[Environ Res. 2001] - PubMed Result Disease ID ... organics like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and other substances resistant to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonpoint_source_water_pollution_regulations_in_the_United_States
Transformer oil testingTransformer oil testing
ASTM D2668 Polychlorinated biphenyls content; e.g., ASTM D4059 Relative density (specific gravity); e.g., D 1298, ASTM D1524 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformer_oil_testing
Organic nuclear reactorOrganic nuclear reactor
"Learn about Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)". EPA. Brennen 2005, pp. 7-10. Brennen 2005, p. 16. Brennen 2005, p. 19. Brennen ... typically a hydrocarbon substance like polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), for cooling and sometimes as a neutron moderator as well ... As part of this work, Mine Safety Appliances studied a variety of potential biphenyl coolants. In 1956-75, Aerojet conducted ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_nuclear_reactor
TransformerTransformer
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have properties that once favored their use as a dielectric coolant, though concerns over ... "ASTDR ToxFAQs for Polychlorinated Biphenyls". 2001. Retrieved June 10, 2007. Kulkarni & Khaparde 2004, pp. 2-3 "What silicone ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformer
Deborah SwackhamerDeborah Swackhamer
PCB, or polychlorinated biphenyl, is a chlorine compound that was once widely found in dielectric and coolant fluids used in ... "Learn about Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) , US EPA". US EPA. Retrieved 2018-10-10.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: ... "Estimation of the atmospheric and nonatmospheric contributions and losses of polychlorinated biphenyls to Lake Michigan on the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deborah_Swackhamer
ToxicodynamicsToxicodynamics
ToxFAQs™ for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Web. . Blaauboer B. 2003. Biokinetic and Toxicodynamic modeling and its role in ... This mechanism can include such toxicants as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxicodynamics
Environmental toxicologyEnvironmental toxicology
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are organic pollutants that are still present in our environment today, despite being banned ... "Learn about Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)". US EPA. 2015-08-19. Retrieved 2019-03-10. Heydarnejad, M. Saeed; Khosravian- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_toxicology
TherminolTherminol
Polychlorinated biphenyl was banned by the United States Congress in 1979 and the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic ... Prior to 1971, Monsanto marketed a series of polychlorinated biphenyl-(PCB)-containing heat transfer fluids designated as ... "Applications of polychlorinated biphenyls" (PDF). Environmental Science and Pollution Research International. Springer-Verlag. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therminol
Peregrine falconPeregrine falcon
"Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Global Ecosystem". Nature. 220 (5172): 1098-1102. Bibcode:1968Natur.220.1098R. doi:10.1038/ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peregrine_falcon
Emmells Septic Landfill Superfund siteEmmell's Septic Landfill Superfund site
A chemical that was improperly disposed of was polychlorinated biphenyls. Polychlorinated Biphenyls, or PCBs, are a liquid or ... "Toxic Substances Portal - Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)". ATSDR. Retrieved 28 September 2017. www.state.nj.us/health covellc ... These chemicals included volatile organic compounds (VOCs), Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), Trichloroethene and Vinyl ... Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), Trichloroethene and Vinyl chloride which all had their own effect on the environment and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmell's_Septic_Landfill_Superfund_site
BiphenylBiphenyl
Some bacteria are able to hydroxylate biphenyl and its polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). It is part of the active group in the ... Polychlorinated biphenyls were once used as cooling and insulating fluids and polybrominated biphenyls are flame retardants. ... Polychlorinated biphenyls were once popular pesticides. Lithium biphenyl contains the radical anion, which is highly reducing ... Related to Li/biphenyl is the derivative with two tert-butyl groups on the biphenyl. Rotation about the single bond in biphenyl ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biphenyl
2008 Irish pork crisis2008 Irish pork crisis
Dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are two groups of predominately man-made toxic chemicals which, when consumed, ... Masuda, Y (2003). "Health Effect of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Related Compounds". J Health Sci. 49 (5): 333-336. doi: ... Faroon, Obaid M.; Keith, L. Samuel; Smith-Simon, Cassandra (2003). Polychlorinated Biphenyls: Human Health Aspects (PDF). World ... See also Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins 2013 horse meat scandal List of food contamination incidents Pork in Ireland "Ireland ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Irish_pork_crisis
Carbonless copy paperCarbonless copy paper
Until the 1970s, when the use of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was banned due to health and environmental concerns, PCBs ... Kuratsune M, Masuda Y (April 1972). "Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Non-carbon Copy Paper". Environmental Health Perspectives. ... "Identification and quantification of polychlorinated biphenyls in paper and paper board using fused silica capillary gas ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonless_copy_paper
Developmental toxicityDevelopmental toxicity
Polychlorinated Biphenyls Functional alterations - e.g. Retinoic Acid derivatives, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Phenobarbitol, ... Lead Gasoline Methylmercury Polychlorinated biphenyl Toluene toxicity Biological agents: Cytomegalovirus Rubella Herpes simplex ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_toxicity
PaintPaint
A polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) was reported (published in 2009) in air samples collected in Chicago, Philadelphia, the Arctic ... Hu, D; Hornbuckle, KC (2010). "Inadvertent polychlorinated biphenyls in commercial paint pigments". Environ Sci Technol. 44 (8 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paint
Endocrine disruptorEndocrine disruptor
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a class of chlorinated compounds used as industrial coolants and lubricants. PCBs are ... Polychlorinated biphenyls and terphenyls, Environmental Health Criteria monograph No. 002, Geneva: World Health Organization, ... Sinks T, Steele G, Smith AB, Watkins K, Shults RA (August 1992). "Mortality among workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls ... Brown DP (1987). "Mortality of workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls--an update". Arch. Environ. Health. 42 (6): 333-9. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocrine_disruptor
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaNon-Hodgkin lymphoma
"Carcinogenicity of polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated biphenyls". Lancet Oncology. 14 (4): 287-288. doi:10.1016/s1470 ... Some chemicals, like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), diphenylhydantoin, dioxin, and phenoxy herbicides. Medical treatments, ... Zani C, Toninelli G, Filisetti B, Donato F (2013). "Polychlorinated biphenyls and cancer: an epidemiological assessment". J. ... "Current Status of the Epidemiologic Evidence Linking Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, and the Role of Immune ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-Hodgkin_lymphoma
ShipShip
Asbestos and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are typical examples. Asbestos was used heavily in ship construction until it was ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ship
Swedes RunSwedes Run
... and polychlorinated biphenyls. The probable source of the arsenic is from the agriculture near the river, and the probable ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedes_Run
Polar organic chemical integrative samplerPolar organic chemical integrative sampler
... polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides, dioxins, and furans. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_organic_chemical_integrative_sampler
CapacitorCapacitor
Some old, large oil-filled paper or plastic film capacitors contain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). It is known that waste ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor
UteroglobinUteroglobin
Target of polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) binding GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000149021 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: ... polychlorinated biphenyl-binding protein (PCB-BP), human club cell phospholipid-binding protein (hCCPBP), secretoglobin 1A ... The phenotype exhibited by these mice are; decreased bioaccumulation of biphenyls, susceptibility and increased IL-13, and IL-6 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uteroglobin
Nanomaterial-based catalystNanomaterial-based catalyst
Nanoparticle catalysts are active for the hydrogenolysis of C-Cl bonds such as polychlorinated biphenyls. Another reaction is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanomaterial-based_catalyst
Effects range low and effects range medianEffects range low and effects range median
... and total Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Importantly, one hundred percent effects were seen in concentrations above the ERM ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_range_low_and_effects_range_median
Concordia MillConcordia Mill
Wawrzyn, Will (1986). "DISTRIBUTION OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS IN CEDAR CREEK SEDIMENTS AT CEDARBURG, OZAUKEE COUNTY, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concordia_Mill
Jan AasethJan Aaseth
... mercurials and some pesticides including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organophosphates. Mercury is a neurotoxicant and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Aaseth
Linda BirnbaumLinda Birnbaum
She is well known for her research on endocrine disruptors, particularly dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linda_Birnbaum
Red-necked grebeRed-necked grebe
In North America, there are potential threats from pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and pesticides such as ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red-necked_grebe
San Diego BaySan Diego Bay
In 2015, the city and the Port filed suit against Monsanto, whose products containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Diego_Bay
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modellingPhysiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling
"Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of several polychlorinated biphenyls in mouse, rat, dog, and monkey by means of a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physiologically_based_pharmacokinetic_modelling
Public health problems in the Aral Sea regionPublic health problems in the Aral Sea region
... "exposure to industrial pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) compounds and heavy metals but also to pesticides." ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_health_problems_in_the_Aral_Sea_region
OlestraOlestra
... and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). "21CFR172.867: Olestra". Code of Federal Regulations. U.S. Food and Drug Administration ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olestra
DeinkingDeinking
Polychlorinated biphenyls are often found in pigments which are used in newspaper and magazine paper. Dissolved air flotation ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deinking
Griffiss Air Force BaseGriffiss Air Force Base
Solvents, lead and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) had been disposed in landfills and dry wells. Closed in September, 1995 by ... Solvents, lead and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) had been disposed in landfills and dry wells. This contaminated Three Mile ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griffiss_Air_Force_Base
Linear no-threshold modelLinear no-threshold model
Consumer Factsheet on: polychlorinated biphenyls US Environmental Protection Agency. Tubiana M, Feinendegen LE, Yang C, ... The LNT model is sometimes applied to other cancer hazards such as polychlorinated biphenyls in drinking water. The association ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_no-threshold_model
Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976
... including regulation of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) products and bans certain activities with respect to elemental mercury. ... and contamination of agricultural products by polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) in the State of Michigan" provided a clearer ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxic_Substances_Control_Act_of_1976
Striped dolphinStriped dolphin
Hydrocarbons are also a major concern such has PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) and HCB (hexachlorobenzene). These are said to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striped_dolphin
Monroe, WashingtonMonroe, Washington
... including polychlorinated biphenyls, at the building. The lawsuit was settled with $247 million from Monsanto awarded by a jury ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monroe,_Washington
Sexual and reproductive healthSexual and reproductive health
... polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) organic solvents jet fuel shift work About 10% to 15% of all couples are infertile or have ... polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organic solvents and carbon disulfide, may disrupt the balance between the brain, pituitary ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_and_reproductive_health
Shewanella oneidensisShewanella oneidensis
... of polychlorinated biphenyls The production of nanoparticles by S. oneidensis MR-1 are closely associated to the MTR pathway (e ... nanoparticles on Shewanella oneidensis with catalytic activity towards reductive dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shewanella_oneidensis
Microgadus tomcodMicrogadus tomcod
After General Electric dumped polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the Hudson River from 1947 through 1976, tomcod living in the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microgadus_tomcod
Willamette RiverWillamette River
... polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and pesticides along the lower 12 miles (19 km) of the river, in Portland. As a result, this ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willamette_River
Manila BayManila Bay
In 1997, polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, compounds common in transformers, hydraulic fluids, paint additives and pesticides ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_Bay
StrážskeStrážske
Chemko is chemical plant which produced polychlorinated biphenyls PCBs) (until 1984) and contaminated a large part of East ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strážske
List of energy abbreviationsList of energy abbreviations
Performance-based regulation PCB-polychlorinated biphenyl PCM-Project Cycle Management PCS-Power conversion system, electric ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_energy_abbreviations
OrcaOrca
... including Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). European harbour seals have problems in reproductive and immune functions ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orca
Katsi CookKatsi Cook
In 1981, the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYS DEC) announced that Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katsi_Cook
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Laboratory Capacity | CDCPolychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Laboratory Capacity | CDC
Polychlorinated biphenyl-28. CAS No. 7012-37-5. serum or plasma. Polychlorinated biphenyl-66. CAS No. 33025-41-1. serum or ... Polychlorinated biphenyl-74. CAS No. 32690-93-0. serum or plasma. Polychlorinated biphenyl-99. CAS No. 38380-02-8. serum or ... Polychlorinated biphenyl-105. CAS No. 32598-14-4. serum or plasma. Polychlorinated biphenyl-114. CAS No. 74472-37-0. serum or ... Polychlorinated biphenyl-146. CAS No. 51908-16-8. serum or plasma. Polychlorinated biphenyl-153. CAS No. 35065-27-1. serum or ...
https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/dls/oatb_capacity_12.html
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) | ToxFAQs™ | ATSDR
What are polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)?. Polychlorinated biphenyls are mixtures of up to 209 individual chlorinated ... What happens to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) when they enter the environment?. *How might I be exposed to polychlorinated ... How do polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) affect children?. *How can families reduce the risk of exposure to polychlorinated ... This fact sheet answers the most frequently asked health questions about polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). For more information ...
https://wwwn.cdc.gov/tsp/ToxFAQs/ToxFAQsDetails.aspx?faqid=140&toxid=26
Browsing WHA50 by Subject "Polychlorinated Biphenyls"
JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it ...
https://apps.who.int:80/iris/handle/10665/164606/browse?authority=Polychlorinated+Biphenyls&type=mesh
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Toxicity: Initial Check | Environmental Medicine | ATSDRPolychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Toxicity: Initial Check | Environmental Medicine | ATSDR
... to reassess the carcinogenicity of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). On the basis of sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in ...
https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/polychlorinated-biphenyls/initial_check.html
EWG Tap Water Database | Eagles Nest Estates | Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)EWG Tap Water Database | Eagles Nest Estates | Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Find out what is in your tap water ... EWGs Tap Water Database Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) results for Eagles Nest Estates , ... Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Eagles Nest Estates. PCBs are synthetic chemicals banned in the U.S. since the 1970s because ...
https://www.ewg.org/tapwater/system-contaminant.php?pws=NE3120840&contamcode=2383
Browsing WHA50 by Subject Polychlorinated BiphenylsBrowsing WHA50 by Subject "Polychlorinated Biphenyls"
JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it ...
https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/164606/browse?authority=Polychlorinated+Biphenyls&type=mesh
NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 00123098 - Mortality and industrial hygiene study of workers exposed to polychlorinated...NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 00123098 - Mortality and industrial hygiene study of workers exposed to polychlorinated...
An epidemiologic study of the long term health effects of occupational exposure to polychlorinated-biphenyls (1336363) (PCBs) ... Polychlorinated-biphenyls; Health-surveys; Mortality-rates; Liver-disorders; Carcinogenesis; Epidemiology; Air-sampling; Cancer ... An epidemiologic study of the long term health effects of occupational exposure to polychlorinated-biphenyls (1336363) (PCBs) ...
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nioshtic-2/00123098.html
Polychlorinated biphenyls: estimated serum half lives. | Occupational & Environmental MedicinePolychlorinated biphenyls: estimated serum half lives. | Occupational & Environmental Medicine
If you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance Centers RightsLink service. You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways.. ...
https://oem.bmj.com/content/49/7/527
The Neurocognitive and Emotional Effects of Chronic Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) Exposure | American Academy of Forensic...The Neurocognitive and Emotional Effects of Chronic Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) Exposure | American Academy of Forensic...
The Neurocognitive and Emotional Effects of Chronic Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) Exposure. Presenting section:. Psychiatry ...
https://www.aafs.org/research/neurocognitive-and-emotional-effects-chronic-polychlorinated-biphenyls-pcb-exposure
China - Demonstration of Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Management and Disposal Project : procurement planChina - Demonstration of Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Management and Disposal Project : procurement plan
With 189 member countries, staff from more than 170 countries, and offices in over 130 locations, the World Bank Group is a unique global partnership: five institutions working for sustainable solutions that reduce poverty and build shared prosperity in developing countries. ...
https://documents.worldbank.org/pt/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/992071468239396709/china-demonstration-of-polychlorinated-biphenyl-pcb-management-and-disposal-project-procurement-plan
Polychlorinated Biphenyls: A New Hazard for Historic Buildings | Academic CommonsPolychlorinated Biphenyls: A New Hazard for Historic Buildings | Academic Commons
I was introduced to the topic of polychlorinated biphenyls during a summer internship when a client did not want to re-point ... Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) are hazardous organic compounds best known for their use in transformers and electrical ... Polychlorinated Biphenyls: A New Hazard for Historic Buildings. Sinitski, Emily J.. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) are ... I was introduced to the topic of polychlorinated biphenyls during a summer internship when a client did not want to re-point ...
https://academiccommons.columbia.edu/doi/10.7916/D80R9NS6
Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention | American Association for...Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention | American Association for...
Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Lawrence S. Engel; Lawrence S. Engel ... Polychlorinated biphenyl levels in peripheral blood and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a report from three cohorts. Cancer Res. In press ... Organochlorines such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and certain pesticides are of particular interest due to the ... Safe S. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and related compounds: ...
https://aacrjournals.org/cebp/article/16/3/373/260372/Polychlorinated-Biphenyls-and-Non-Hodgkin-Lymphoma
Characterization of polychlorinated biphenyls in building materials and exposures in the indoor environment - Environmental...Characterization of polychlorinated biphenyls in building materials and exposures in the indoor environment - Environmental...
Characterization of polychlorinated biphenyls in building materials and exposures in the indoor environment. In: Indoor Air ... Characterization of polychlorinated biphenyls in building materials and exposures in the indoor environment. ... Characterization of polychlorinated biphenyls in building materials and exposures in the indoor environment. ...
https://eheinc.com/our-insights/resource/characterization-of-polychlorinated-biphenyls-in-building-materials-and-exposures-in-the-indoor-environment/
Levels and trends of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in...Levels and trends of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in...
Levels and trends of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in ... dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) and non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (NDL-PCBs) in free-range eggs ... dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo furans (PCDD/Fs ... Levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) in breast milk ...
https://eurekamag.com/research/004/447/004447334.php
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) Archives - preLightspolychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) Archives - preLights
preLights is a community initiative supported by The Company of Biologists. The Company of Biologists is a not-for-profit publishing organisation dedicated to supporting and inspiring the biological community. The Company publishes five specialist peer-reviewed journals: Development, Journal of Cell Science, Journal of Experimental Biology, Disease Models & Mechanisms and Biology Open. It offers further support to the biological community by facilitating scientific meetings, providing travel grants for researchers and supporting research societies.. In this video our directors tell you more about our activities and why they choose to dedicate their time to the Company.. www.biologists.com. ...
https://prelights.biologists.com/highlight-tags/polychlorinated-biphenyls-pcb/
Optimisation of Pressurized Liquid Extraction for the Determination of Seven Selected Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Feed Samples...Optimisation of Pressurized Liquid Extraction for the Determination of Seven Selected Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Feed Samples...
Pressurized liquid extraction was utilized for the extraction of seven selected polychlorinated biphenyls from a naturally ... Pressurized liquid extraction was utilized for the extraction of seven selected polychlorinated biphenyls from a naturally ... Pressurized liquid extraction was utilized for the extraction of seven selected polychlorinated biphenyls from a naturally ... Optimisation of Pressurized Liquid Extraction for the Determination of Seven Selected Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Feed Samples ...
https://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu/publications/optimisation-pressurized-liquid-extraction-determination-seven-selected-polychlorinated-biphenyls_fr
Contamination of soil, leaves and vegetables by polychlorinated biphenyls in Xiamen region, China. : Sussex Research OnlineContamination of soil, leaves and vegetables by polychlorinated biphenyls in Xiamen region, China. : Sussex Research Online
Contamination of soil, leaves and vegetables by polychlorinated biphenyls in Xiamen region, China. ... leaves and vegetables by polychlorinated biphenyls in Xiamen region, China. Journal of Environmental Sciences-China, 17. pp. ...
http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/21053/
Occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)Occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
"According to the recommended standard compiled by NIOSH, occupational exposure to polychlorinated-biphenyls (1336363), or PCBs ... Title : Occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) Corporate Authors(s) : National Institute for Occupational ...
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/19399
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
... Documents:. AR 200-1 Sect 9-2 Toxic Substances. ...
https://fortrucker-env.com/PrintProgram.aspx?cur=38&print=print
Congener-Specific Disposition of Chiral Polychlorinated Biphenyls inCongener-Specific Disposition of Chiral Polychlorinated Biphenyls in
Chiral polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners have been implicated by laboratory and epidemiological studies in PCB ... Chiral polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners have been implicated by laboratory and epidemiological studies in PCB ... Congener-Specific Disposition of Chiral Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Lactating Mice and Their Offspring: Implications for PCB ...
https://www.researcher-app.com/paper/47813
Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) on Root Meristem Cells of Common Onion (Allium cepa L.) and on Early Life Stages of...Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) on Root Meristem Cells of Common Onion (Allium cepa L.) and on Early Life Stages of...
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of synthetic organic chemicals that are formed by adding chlorines to biphenyl ... Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) on Root Meristem Cells of Common Onion (Allium cepa L.) and on Early Life Stages of ... Effect of a polychlorinated biphenyl metabolite on early life stage survival of two species of trout. Bull Environ Contam ... Toxicological profile for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Atlanta, Georgia, USA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services ...
https://philjournalsci.dost.gov.ph/index.php/28-past-issue-vol-137-no-2-2008/370-effects-of-polychlorinated-biphenyls-pcbs-on-root-meristem-cells-of-common-onion-allium-cepa-l-and-on-early-life-stages-of-zebrafish-danio-rerio
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) - Hazardous Building Materials | Environmental Health & Safety | UMass AmherstPolychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) - Hazardous Building Materials | Environmental Health & Safety | UMass Amherst
This information applies to Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Demolition, Repairs, and Renovation of Buildings with the ... Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) - Hazardous Building Materials. This information applies to Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) ... Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Site Assessment Testing Policy Due to the hazardous nature of PCBs, it is required that ... Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a class of organic chemicals that have been used in a variety of commercial products. PCBs ...
https://ehs.umass.edu/polychlorinated-biphenyls-pcbs-hazardous-building-materials
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) Panel, Congeners, Serum or Plasma | ARUP Laboratories Test DirectoryPolychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) Panel, Congeners, Serum or Plasma | ARUP Laboratories Test Directory
||Separate from cells ASAP or within 2 hours of collection. Transfer 2 mL serum or plasma to an ARUP Standard Transport Tube. (Min: 0.7 mL)Test is not performed at ARUP; separate specimens must be submitted when multiple tests are ordered. Plain Red, Lavender (K2 EDTA) or Pink (K2 EDTA).
https://ltd.aruplab.com/Tests/Pub/2013230
Details for: Polychlorinated biphenyls : › WHO HQ Library catalog
Polychlorinated biphenyls : human health aspects. Contributor(s): Faroon, Obaid M , Samuel Keith, L , Smith-Simon, Cassandra , ... Polychlorinated biphenyls -- toxicity -- adverse effects , Risk assessment , Environmental exposure , Chemical Toxicology and ...
https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=ccl=su%3A%7BRisk%20Assessment%7D%20and%20su-to%3AEnvironmental%20exposure%20and%20au%3ASamuel%20Keith%2C%20L.&sort_by=relevance_dsc&count=20&limit=au:Faroon,%20Obaid%20M.
Polychlorinated biphenylsPolychlorinated biphenyls
... , potential, Reproduction, reproductive system 8 min read Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and its ... Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Its Potential Effects on GI Health July 28, 2020. July 28, 2020. Aftab Qamar 19 Views 0 Comments ... BIPHENYLS, effects, Functions, Gastrointestinal, gut health, health, immune, living, Organisms, POLYCHLORINATED, ...
https://www.technologytimes.pk/tag/polychlorinated-biphenyls/
polychlorinated biphenyls used forpolychlorinated biphenyls used for
... PCBs were used in: CASR number: Many Products known to ... Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were used from the 1930s to the 1970s in a range of ... Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBS) Background PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) are a group of man-made chemicals first ... Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), used in the manufacture . Registration is free. 81. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are ...
http://seoorg.ph/the/frank/90873758a7d9019dfae4
Hazardous Waste Guidelines | American University, Washington, DC | American University, Washington, DCHazardous Waste Guidelines | American University, Washington, DC | American University, Washington, DC
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Transformers, capacitors, suspect used oil, etc.. Label known and suspect PCB-containing oil ...
https://www.american.edu/finance/environmental-health/hazwaste.cfm
PCBsPesticidesPAHsCongenersExposureCompoundsRemediationDevelopmentalBiodegradationToxicologySoilTransformersPersistentLevelsStudyHealthFuransDioxins and polychlorinated biphenylsExposureContaminationContaminantsPolycyclicDioxin-like polychlorinated biphenylsAnalysis of Polychlorinated BiphenylsTotal polychlorinated biphenylSedimentsConcentrationsPCDFBENZENEDeterminationPCDD2021PCB'sTerphenylsAnniston Community Health SurveyChromatographyChlorinesEnvironmental Health
PCBs47
  • This fact sheet answers the most frequently asked health questions about polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). (cdc.gov)
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a mixture of individual chemicals which are no longer produced in the United States, but are still found in the environment. (cdc.gov)
  • What happens to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) when they enter the environment? (cdc.gov)
  • How might I be exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)? (cdc.gov)
  • How can polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) affect my health? (cdc.gov)
  • 2000. Toxicological profile for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). (cdc.gov)
  • An epidemiologic study of the long term health effects of occupational exposure to polychlorinated-biphenyls (1336363) (PCBs) was conducted. (cdc.gov)
  • Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) are hazardous organic compounds best known for their use in transformers and electrical capacitors because of their non-combustibility and flexibility. (columbia.edu)
  • I was introduced to the topic of polychlorinated biphenyls during a summer internship when a client did not want to re-point within six inches of the windows on their historic building for fear of PCBs in the caulk. (columbia.edu)
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are chemical mixtures that are common environmental pollutants and considered potential carcinogens. (gov.ph)
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of synthetic organic chemicals that are formed by adding chlorines to biphenyl rings. (gov.ph)
  • This information applies to Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Demolition, Repairs, and Renovation of Buildings with the potential of PCBs. (umass.edu)
  • Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and its potential effects on GI health, reproduction and immune functions of living organisms. (technologytimes.pk)
  • Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) PCBs are a group of 209 different compounds and are manufactured substances and have no smell. (seoorg.ph)
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a class of chlorinated organic chemicals that are used for a variety of industrial and commercial purposes. (seoorg.ph)
  • Chemical Classification: Dioxins, Furans, PCBs (contain phenyl rings of carbon atoms), Pesticides (chemicals used for killing pests, such as rodents, insects, or plants) Summary: Polychlorinated biphenyls are mixtures of up to 209 individual chlorinated compounds (known as congeners). (seoorg.ph)
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been used in electrical insulation and plasticizers. (seoorg.ph)
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are manufactured organic chemicals that are no longer produced in the United States, but are still in the environment and can cause health problems. (seoorg.ph)
  • PCBs Chemical Name: 1,1'-Biphenyl, Chloro Derivs. (seoorg.ph)
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been monitored in perch (Perca fluviatilis), pike (Esox lucius), and Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) in reference lakes since the late 1960s. (seoorg.ph)
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBS) Background PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) are a group of man-made chemicals first manufactured in the 1920s, but which are now banned worldwide. (seoorg.ph)
  • The presence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the environment is a continuing challenge that presents a hazard to ecosystems and human health. (tdl.org)
  • Domestically manufactured from 1929 until manufacturing was banned in 1979, Polychlorinated Biphenyl, also known as PCBs, are a group of synthetic chemicals consisting of carbon, hydrogen and chlorine atoms. (remediclean.ca)
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are man-made organic compounds which pose risks to human/animal health, such as cancer and reproduction problems, due to their toxic and bio-accumulative properties. (www.gov.im)
  • In this study, we tested 25 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) [PCB 3, 11, 52, 126, 136, and 153 and their relevant metabolites (hydroxylated, methoxylated, sulfated, and quinone)] in concentration-response ( 10 nM - 100 μ M 10 nM-100μM ) for effects in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) and endothelial cells (ECs) (iPSC-derived and HUVECs). (toxstrategies.com)
  • Purpose Despite extensive use of organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs) such as DDT in Italy in the 40's to 60's to control malaria vectors and of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in industry and energy production, limited information is available on current exposure among the general population of Italy. (unimi.it)
  • Serum levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochorinated pesticides (OCPs) among individuals of general population in three Italian geographic regions / E.J. Mrema, R. Turci, F. Rubino, L. Fugnoli, M. Pitton, S. Mandic-Rajcevic, C. Colosio, C. Minoia. (unimi.it)
  • Background: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine (OC) pesticides are suspected to play a role in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). (elsevier.com)
  • Fischbein, A & Wolff, MS 1987, ' Conjugal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) ', British Journal of Industrial Medicine , vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 284-286. (mssm.edu)
  • Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were found to induce several specific stresses within bacterial cells. (elsevier.com)
  • Analysis of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 20 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and 18 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were performed on eggs from three different production types (conventional, free-run and organic) collected from the markets of the Canary Islands (Spain). (nih.gov)
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) belong to a broad family of man-made organic chemicals that due to their non-flammability, chemical stability, high boiling point, and electrical insulating properties, were used in hundreds of industrial applications. (routledgehandbooks.com)
  • The concentration and distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in organisms from the coastal area of southern Shandong Peninsula were investigated. (siftdesk.org)
  • For PCBs, fish samples possessed high amounts of low-chlorinated biphenyls, while mollusk and shrimp samples had more highly-chlorinated biphenyls. (siftdesk.org)
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) which mostly caused by anthropogenic inputs, are of global environmental concerns (Jones, 1999). (siftdesk.org)
  • Improvement of measurement method for hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs) in blood samples using LC/MS/MS. (elsevier.com)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'Improvement of measurement method for hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs) in blood samples using LC/MS/MS.'. Together they form a unique fingerprint. (elsevier.com)
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of man-made environmental pollutants which accumulate in humans with adverse health effects. (ox.ac.uk)
  • For these purposes, 17 samples of free-range hen eggs collected in home-producing farms located in the site of national interest territory were analyzed for 17 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), 12 dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs), and 6 non-dioxin-like PCBs (ndl-PCBs). (univaq.it)
  • A walk through survey and medical examinations were conducted to determine exposures to polychlorinated-biphenyls (PCBs) and asbestos (1332214) at the Babcock Wilcox facility (SIC-3443), Brunswick, Georgia, on May 18, 1982. (cdc.gov)
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are synthetic, organochlorine compounds previously used in industrial processes. (cdc.gov)
  • 4. Does the waste represented by this waste profile contain concentrations of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBS) regulated by 40 CFR 761? (russellreid.com)
  • Mohamad Mova Al'Afghani and Dyah Paramita Published in The Jakarta Post, Mon, February 22 2021 The Cileungsi river in Bogor has two problems: overflowing water during rainy season and also industrial waste pollution (Courtesy of Fanny Kusuwardhani/Fanny Kusuwardhani) The Environment and Forestry Ministry recently enacted a new regulation on the management of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). (ecoverse.id)
  • Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan menerbitkan Peraturan Menteri P.29/MENLHK/SETJEN/PLB.3/12/2020 mengenai Pengelolaan Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). (ecoverse.id)
  • Nanotechnology can be used to extract heavy metals and organic compounds from soil and can clean groundwater by removing pollutants such as pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). (europa.eu)
  • The nervous system subject to oxidative stress is going to be vulnerable to a variety of environmental factors that are now plentiful in our modern existence: pesticide residues, lead, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), etc. (eeginfo.com)
  • Many SVOCs - including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), flame retardants, and some phthalate esters - are considered to be hazardous to human health, and may also be persistent environmental pollutants. (markes.com)
Pesticides4
  • Organochlorines such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and certain pesticides are of particular interest due to the appreciable persistent exposure to these chemicals experienced by the general population in many industrialized countries in the latter half of the 20th century. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The monitoring programme includes measurements of: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), some pesticides (HCH, DDT) and polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDE). (amap.no)
  • His scientific research work concerns mainly persistent organic pollutants and other highly toxic compounds, including dioxins, furans, polychlorinated biphenyls, volatile organic compounds and pesticides. (who.int)
  • Marine turtles of all species, particularly hawksbill turtles ( Figure 1 ), can contain a variety of toxins including heavy metals (e.g. cadmium and mercury), organic compounds (e.g. pesticides such as chlordane and polychlorinated biphenyls) and biotoxins such as those produced by various blue-green algae on which turtles feed (e.g. lyngbyatoxin A from Lyngbya majuscula ). (who.int)
PAHs1
  • He works to combat the microplastic scourge by examining how nurdles absorb chemicals such as PBCs (polychlorinated biphenyls) and PAHs (polyaromatic hydrocarbons), which can be harmful to people. (utexas.edu)
Congeners5
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls are mixtures of up to 209 individual chlorinated compounds (known as congeners). (cdc.gov)
  • Chiral polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners have been implicated by laboratory and epidemiological studies in PCB developmental neurotoxicity. (researcher-app.com)
  • Since a biphenyl ring has 10 possible positions for chlorine substitution, theoretically, there are 209 possible arrangements or congeners, but only about 60 to 90 congeners are present in commercial mixtures (Kimbrough & Krouskas 2003). (gov.ph)
  • Among polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, with few exceptions, the largest contribution was from 3,3'-dichlorobiphenyl (PCB11) for both indoor air and floor dust samples. (birmingham.ac.uk)
  • Industrial products consisting of a mixture of chlorinated biphenyl congeners and isomers. (bvsalud.org)
Exposure2
  • Lack of an association between environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and p,p'-DDE and DNA damage in human sperm measured using the neutral comet assay. (cdc.gov)
  • Developmental and neurobehavioral effects of perinatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in mice. (bvsalud.org)
Compounds1
  • BACKGROUND: Chlorinated organic chemicals, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT), and dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethene (DDE, the most stable daughter compound of DDT) are persistent lipophilic compounds found in a large portion of the general population. (cdc.gov)
Remediation1
  • The board is also slated to review the district's amended agreement with Ramboll Environ, the consultant hired to handle environmental remediation after the discovery of polychlorinated biphenyls at Malibu schools more than two years ago. (smdp.com)
Developmental2
  • Congener-Specific Disposition of Chiral Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Lactating Mice and Their Offspring: Implications for PCB Developmental Neurotoxicity. (researcher-app.com)
  • Developmental) Polychlorinated biphenyls. (cdc.gov)
Biodegradation1
  • Simultaneous adsorption and biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls using resuscitated strain Streptococcus sp. (bvsalud.org)
Toxicology1
  • D. Stone , " Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in different tissue types from chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) " , Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology , vol. 76, pp. 148-154, 2006. (oregonstate.edu)
Soil1
  • Contamination of soil, leaves and vegetables by polychlorinated biphenyls in Xiamen region, China. (sussex.ac.uk)
Transformers1
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) have been widely utilized as fire-resistant dielectric coolants in electrical equipment used in mining applications, including transformers, capacitors, electric motors, and electromagnets. (seoorg.ph)
Persistent1
  • 81. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are persistent organic pollutants used worldwide between the 1930s and 1980s. (seoorg.ph)
Levels2
  • Several epidemiologic studies suggest that polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) levels measured in peripheral blood or adipose tissue are related to increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and, therefore, may be at least partially responsible for the rising incidence of NHL unrelated to HIV infection in recent decades. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Genome-wide association study of plasma levels of polychlorinated biphenyls disclose an association with the CYP2B6 gene in a population-based sample. (ox.ac.uk)
Study1
  • Mortality and industrial hygiene study of workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls. (cdc.gov)
Health1
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls : human health aspects. (who.int)
Furans1
  • RESULTS: POP content (17 dioxins/furans and 18 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners) in different adipose tissue territories was similar, allowing us to assess total POP body burden from a single biopsy. (thefreelibrary.com)
Dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls3
  • Fate and complex pathogenic effects of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls in obese subjects before and after drastic weight loss. (thefreelibrary.com)
  • Associations of peri-pubertal serum dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls with growth and body composition among Russian boys in a longitudinal cohort. (harvard.edu)
  • Serum dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls are associated with growth among Russian boys. (harvard.edu)
Exposure6
  • Cumulative exposure estimates for polychlorinated biphenyls using a job-exposure matrix. (cdc.gov)
  • As well construction/soil remediation industries are susceptible to danger from exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls. (lifelabs.com)
  • Two-hit exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls at gestational and juvenile life stages: 2. (nih.gov)
  • Occupational Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls at Six Commercial Facilities, 1976-1977. (ntis.gov)
  • Tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) eggs and nestlings were collected from 16 sites across the Great Lakes to quantify normal annual variation in total polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure and to validate the sample size choice in earlier work. (usgs.gov)
  • For example, long-term exposure to benzene and polychlorinated biphenyls can result in leukemia and liver cancer respectively. (cancercauses.news)
Contamination3
  • Literature published from 1970 through mid-1984 on polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contamination of foods, including fish, dairy products, packaged and processed food and human milk, is reviewed. (allenpress.com)
  • Quantification of polychlorinated biphenyl contamination using human placenta as biomarker from Punjab Province, Pakistan[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH,2018,25(15):14551-14562. (gig.ac.cn)
  • 2018).Quantification of polychlorinated biphenyl contamination using human placenta as biomarker from Punjab Province, Pakistan. (gig.ac.cn)
Contaminants1
  • Dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethene (DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), toxic contaminants known to be persistent in the environment, may affect growth. (nih.gov)
Polycyclic1
  • Food supplements can contain dangerous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) such as benzopyrene, dioxins or polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) if they are not manufactured properly. (ecocityworldsummit.org)
Dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls1
  • 4. KISHIDA M., IMAMURA K., TAKENAKA N., MAEDA Y., VIET P.H., KONDO A., BANDOW H. Characteristics of the abundance of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofurans, and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in sediment samples from selected Asian regions in Can Gio, Southern Vietnam and Osaka, Japan. (edu.pl)
Analysis of Polychlorinated Biphenyls1
  • Hrivnak, J., Possibilities and limitations of capillary gas chromatography and mass spectrometry in the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls, J. Chromatogr. (chemspider.com)
Total polychlorinated biphenyl1
  • Drastic weight loss led to increased serum POPs and, within 6--12 months, to a significant 15% decrease in total polychlorinated biphenyl body burden. (thefreelibrary.com)
Sediments1
  • Historical Changes in Polychlorinated Biphenyls Contaminated Sediments. (clemson.edu)
Concentrations3
  • Associations of Peripubertal Serum Dioxin and Polychlorinated Biphenyl Concentrations with Pubertal Timing among Russian Boys. (harvard.edu)
  • Dioxin and polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations in mother's serum and the timing of pubertal onset in sons. (harvard.edu)
  • This dataset describes airborne polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener masses and concentrations from room-to-room in Columbus Secondary School, a minority-predominant, low-income, public school in rural Iowa (Bannavti and Jahnke et. (nih.gov)
PCDF2
  • PCDF: polychlorinated dibenzofuran. (weitzlux.com)
  • Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) were introduced into the biosphere on a large scale as by-products from the manufacture of chlorinated phenols and the incineration of wastes. (igem.org)
BENZENE1
  • These should be removed because some may be hazardous (such as Benzene, rust particulates, polychlorinated biphenyls, metals and hydrocarbon-laden water) and can affect the efficiency of your equipment. (nwnatural.com)
Determination1
  • Optimization of large-volume injection for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in children's fast-food menus by low-resolution mass spectrometry. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
PCDD1
20211
  • 2021. Room-to-room variability of airborne polychlorinated biphenyls in schools and the application of air sampling for targeted source evaluation. (nih.gov)
PCB's1
  • They filed a lawsuit against Monsanto Company and its corporate successors to recover the costs of removing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) from their schools, says Weitz & Luxenberg. (send2press.com)
Terphenyls2
  • The book also contains a brief review of the limited data on polychlorinated terphenyls. (who.int)
  • WHO Task Group on Environmental Health Criteria for Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Terphenyls. (who.int)
Anniston Community Health Survey1
  • Circulating MicroRNAs, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, and Environmental Liver Disease in the Anniston Community Health Survey. (cdc.gov)
Chromatography1
  • Corbett, B.J., Identification of the Individual Polychlorinated Biphenyls in a Mixture by Gas-Liquid Chromatography, J. Chromatogr. (chemspider.com)
Chlorines1
  • Anaerobes, on the other hand, leave the biphenyl rings intact while removing the chlorines. (igem.org)
Environmental Health1
  • This seminar, sponsored by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, presented the latest advances in polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) bioremediation research. (nih.gov)
RTECS:TQ1356000 - Polychlorinated biphenyl (aroclor 1242) - The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances | CDC/NIOSH
RTECS:TQ1356000 - Polychlorinated biphenyl (aroclor 1242) - The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances | CDC/NIOSH (cdc.gov)
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Browsing WHA50 by Subject Polychlorinated Biphenyls
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Home Materials That Are Now Illegal | Bankrate (bankrate.com)
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ATSDR - Oak Ridge Reservation - Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Releases (atsdr.cdc.gov)
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