Plant Transpiration
Plant Leaves
Plant Stomata
Plants, Genetically Modified
Plant Roots
Xylem
Water
Plant Proteins
Plant Stems
Vapor Pressure
Plant Epidermis
Xanthium
Photosynthesis
The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds. Photosynthesis comprises two separate processes: the light reactions and the dark reactions. In higher plants; GREEN ALGAE; and CYANOBACTERIA; NADPH and ATP formed by the light reactions drive the dark reactions which result in the fixation of carbon dioxide. (from Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2001)
Gas exchange by pods and subtending leaves and internal recycling of CO(2) by pods of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) subjected to water deficits. (1/373)
Terminal drought markedly reduces leaf photosynthesis of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) during seed filling. A study was initiated to determine whether photosynthesis and internal recycling of CO(2) by the pods can compensate for the low rate of photosynthesis in leaves under water deficits. The influence of water deficits on the rates of photosynthesis and transpiration of pods and subtending leaves in chickpea (cv. Sona) was investigated in two naturally-lit, temperature-controlled glasshouses. At values of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) of 900 micromol m(-2) s(-1) and higher, the rate of net photosynthesis of subtending leaves of 10-d-old pods was 24 and 6 micromol m(-2) s(-1) in the well-watered (WW) and water-stressed (WS) plants when the covered-leaf water potential (Psi) was -0.6 and -1.4 MPa, respectively. Leaf photosynthesis further decreased to 4.5 and 0.5 micromol m(-2) s(-1) as Psi decreased to -2.3 and -3.3 MPa, respectively. At 900--1500 micromol m(-2) s(-1) PAR, the net photosynthetic rate of 10-d-old pods was 0.9-1.0 micromol m(-2) s(-1) in the WW plants and was -0.1 to -0.8 micromol m(-2) s(-1) in the WS plants. The photosynthetic rates of both pods and subtending leaves decreased with age, but the rate of transpiration of the pods increased with age. The rates of respiration and net photosynthesis inside the pods were estimated by measuring the changes in the internal concentration of CO(2) of covered and uncovered pods during the day. Both the WW and WS pods had similar values of internal net photosynthesis, but the WS pods showed significantly higher rates of respiration suggesting that the WS pods had higher gross photosynthetic rates than the WW pods, particularly in the late afternoon. When (13)CO(2) was injected into the gas space inside the pod, nearly 80% of the labelled carbon 24 h after injection was observed in the pod wall in both the WW and WS plants. After 144 h the proportion of (13)C in the seed had increased from 19% to 32% in both treatments. The results suggest that internal recycling of CO(2) inside the pod may assist in maintaining seed filling in water-stressed chickpea. (+info)Leaf ureide degradation and N(2) fixation tolerance to water deficit in soybean. (2/373)
Accumulation of ureides in leaves is associated with the sensitivity of N(2) fixation in soybean to soil water deficit. Consequently, ureide degradation in leaves may be a key to increasing soybean tolerance to dry soils. Previous research indicated that allantoic acid degradation is catalysed by different enzymes in cultivars Maple Arrow and Williams. The enzyme found in Williams requires manganese as a cofactor. The first objective of this study was to determine if the two degradation pathways were associated with differences in N(2) sensitivity to soil water deficits. N(2) fixation of Williams grown on low-Mn soil was sensitive to stress, but it was relatively tolerant when grown on soil amended with Mn. N(2) fixation in Maple Arrow was relatively tolerant of soil drying regardless of the Mn treatment. The second objective of this study was to expand the study of the degradation pathway to nine additional genotypes. Based on ureide degradation in the presence and absence of Mn, these genotypes also segregated for the two degradation pathways. Those genotypes with the Mn-dependent pathway tended to have drought-sensitive N(2) fixation, but there was one exception. The genotypes not requiring Mn for ureide degradation were drought-tolerant except for one genotype. These results demonstrated the possibility for increasing N(2) fixation tolerance to soil water deficits in soybean by selection of lines with high ureide degradation rates, which were commonly associated with the Mn-independent pathway. (+info)Identification of causal relationships among traits related to drought resistance in Stylosanthes scabra using QTL analysis. (3/373)
Previous studies have shown that a negative relationship exists between transpiration efficiency (TE) and carbon isotope discrimination (Delta) and between TE and specific leaf area (SLA) in Stylosanthes scabra. A glasshouse experiment was conducted to confirm these relationships in an F(2) population and to study the causal nature of these relationships through quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis. One hundred and twenty F(2) genotypes from a cross between two genotypes within S. scabra were used. Three replications for each genotype were maintained through vegetative propagation. Water stress was imposed by maintaining plants at 40% of field capacity for about 45 d. To facilitate QTL analysis, a genetic linkage map consisting of 151 RAPD markers was developed. Results from this study show that Delta was significantly and negatively correlated with TE and biomass production. Similarly, SLA showed significant negative correlation with TE and biomass production. Most of the QTL for TE and Delta were present on linkage groups 5 and 11. Similarly, QTL for SLA, transpiration and biomass productivity traits were clustered on linkage groups 13 and 24. One unlinked marker was also associated with these traits. There were several markers coincident between different traits. At all the coincident QTL, the direction of QTL effects was consistent with phenotypic data. At the coincident markers between TE and Delta, high alleles of TE were associated with low alleles of Delta. Similarly, low alleles of SLA were associated with high alleles of biomass productivity traits and transpiration. At the coincident markers between trans-4-hydroxy-N:-methyl proline (MHP) and relative water content (RWC), low alleles of MHP were associated with high alleles of RWC. This study suggests the causal nature of the relationship between TE and Delta. Phenotypic data and QTL data show that SLA was more closely associated with biomass production than with TE. This study also shows that a cause-effect relationship may exist between SLA and biomass production. (+info)Abscisic acid induces a decline in nitrogen fixation that involves leghaemoglobin, but is independent of sucrose synthase activity. (4/373)
Sucrose synthase (SS) activity has been suggested to be a key point of regulation in nodule metabolism since this enzyme is down-regulated in response to different stresses which lead to decreased nitrogen fixation. In soybean, a dramatic decline of SS transcripts has been observed within 1 d from the onset of drought. Such a quick response suggests mediation by a signal transduction molecule. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a likely candidate to act as such a molecule as it mediates in a significant number of plant responses to environmental constraints. The hypothesis of ABA controlling nodule metabolism was approached in this work by assessing nodule responses to exogenous ABA supply in pea. Under the experimental conditions, ABA did not affect plant biomass, nodule numbers or dry weight. However, nitrogen fixation rate was reduced by 70% within 5 d and by 80% after 9 d leading to a reduced plant organic nitrogen content. Leghaemoglobin (Lb) content declined in parallel with that of nitrogen fixation. SS activity, however, was not affected by ABA treatment, and neither were the activities of the enzymes aspartate amino transferase, alkaline invertase, malate dehydrogenase, glutamate synthase, uridine diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and glutamine synthetase. Nodule bacteroid-soluble protein content was reduced in nodules only after 9 d of ABA treatment. These results do not support the hypothesis that ABA directly regulates SS activity. However, they do suggest the occurrence of at least two different control pathways in nodules under environmental constraints, which include ABA being involved in a Lb/oxygen-related control of nitrogen fixation. (+info)Acclimation of plants to light gradients in leaf canopies: evidence for a possible role for cytokinins transported in the transpiration stream. (5/373)
The mechanism of response of plants to vertical light intensity gradients in leaf canopies was investigated. Since shaded leaves transpire less than leaves in high light, it was hypothesized that cytokinins (CKs) carried by mass transport in the transpiration stream would be distributed over the leaf area of partially shaded plants parallel to the gradient in light intensity. It was also hypothesized that this causes the distribution of leaf growth, leaf N and photosynthetic capacity, and possibly chloroplast acclimation as observed in plants growing in leaf canopies. In a field experiment, the distribution of Ca, N and CKs in a bean leaf canopy of a dense and an open stand supported the concept of a role for CKs in the response of N allocation to the light gradient when a decreasing sensitivity for CKs with increasing leaf age is assumed. Both shading of one leaf of the pair of primary bean leaves and independent reduction of its transpiration rate in a growth cabinet experiment caused lower dry mass, N and Ca per unit leaf area in comparison to the opposite not treated leaf. Shading caused a parallel reduction in CK concentration, which supports the hypothesis, but independent reduction of transpiration rate failed to do the same. Application of benzylaminopurine (BA) counteracted the reduction caused by shade of leaf N, photosynthetic capacity and leaf area growth. The experiments show an important role for the transpiration stream in the response of plants to light gradients. Evidence is presented here that CKs carried in the transpiration stream may be important mediators for the acclimation of plants to leaf canopy density. (+info)Distribution and mobility of aluminium in an Al-accumulating plant, Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. (6/373)
Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. cv. Jianxi) accumulates high concentrations of Al in the leaves without showing any toxicity. To understand the accumulation mechanism of Al in buckwheat, the distribution and mobility of Al in buckwheat were investigated. Relatively long-term treatment (28 d) with Al led to a decrease in Al concentration from old to young leaves, while a short-term (1 d) exposure to Al resulted in a uniform distribution of Al in the leaves. When the fourth leaf was wrapped inside a transparent plastic bag to suppress transpiration, the Al concentration of this leaf was only one-quarter of that in the corresponding leaf without wrapping. Within a leaf, the Al concentration at the margins was much higher than that in the centre. These results indicate that Al distribution in the leaves is controlled by both rate and duration of transpiration. The mobility of Al between old and new leaves was studied by first growing plants in a solution with Al, followed by culture in a solution without Al. The Al content in the two new leaves appeared after removal of external Al was very low, whereas that in the old leaves did not decrease but continued to increase. The increased Al content was found to be translocated from Al remaining in the roots. It is concluded that Al is not mobile once it is accumulated in the leaf. (+info)Boron supply into wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Wilgoyne) ears whilst still enclosed within leaf sheaths. (7/373)
The present study investigates whether there is significant remobilization of (10)B previously loaded in the flag and penultimate leaves into the young, actively growing ear enclosed within the sheaths of flag and penultimate leaves. It also explores whether B transport into the enclosed ear declines when air humidity in the shoot canopy increases. After 5 d (10)B labelling during the period from early to full emergence of the flag leaf, the plants were transferred into nutrient solutions containing either 10 microM (11)B or no added B for 3 d. Regardless of the subsequent B supply levels to the roots, (10)B contents in the ear continued to increase by up to 5-fold 3 d after the end of (10)B supply in the nutrient solution. During these 3 d, the ear experienced a rapid increase in biomass. However, the majority of B in the ear during the 3 d treatment period was from the newly acquired (11)B from root uptake, rather than retranslocation of (10)B previously deposited in the leaves. By comparing the relative distribution of (10)B, Rb (xylem-to-phloem transfer marker) and Sr (xylem-marker) in the ear and the flag leaf, the distribution of (10)B resembled that of Rb more than Sr. Canopy cover treatment greatly suppressed leaf transpiration and decreased the amount of newly acquired (10)B in the flag leaf and the ear, but not in the upper stem segments. The results suggest that whilst the young ear was still fully enclosed within the leaf sheaths without any significant transpiration activity, B transport into the ear is predominantly dependent on the long-distance B transport in the xylem driven by leaf transpiration and, therefore, on concurrent B uptake from the roots. (+info)Transpiration rate. An important factor controlling the sucrose content of the guard cell apoplast of broad bean. (8/373)
Evaporation of water from the guard cell wall concentrates apoplastic solutes. We hypothesize that this phenomenon provides two mechanisms for responding to high transpiration rates. First, apoplastic abscisic acid is concentrated in the guard cell wall. Second, by accumulating in the guard cell wall, apoplastic sucrose (Suc) provides a direct osmotic feedback to guard cells. As a means of testing this second hypothesized mechanism, the guard cell Suc contents at a higher transpiration rate (60% relative humidity [RH]) were compared with those at a lower transpiration rate (90% RH) in broad bean (Vicia faba), an apoplastic phloem loader. In control plants (constant 60% RH), the guard cell apoplast Suc content increased from 97 +/- 81 femtomol (fmol) guard cell pair(-1) to 701 +/- 142 fmol guard cell pair(-1) between daybreak and midday. This increase is equivalent to approximately 150 mM external, which is sufficient to decrease stomatal aperture size. In plants that were shifted to 90% RH before daybreak, the guard cell apoplast Suc content did not increase during the day. In accordance, in plants that were shifted to 90% RH at midday, the guard cell apoplast Suc content declined to the daybreak value. Under all conditions, the guard cell symplast Suc content increased during the photoperiod, but the guard cell symplast Suc content was higher (836 +/- 33 fmol guard cell pair(-1)) in plants that were shifted to 90% RH. These results indicate that a high transpiration rate may result in a high guard cell apoplast Suc concentration, which diminishes stomatal aperture size. (+info)
Transpiration stream
Soil plant atmosphere continuum for modelling plant transpiration. Felle HH, Herrmann A, Hückelhoven R, Kogel K-H (2005) Root- ... In plants, the transpiration stream is the uninterrupted stream of water and solutes which is taken up by the roots and ... Transpiration can be regulated through stomatal closure or opening. It allows for plants to efficiently transport water up to ... The last stage in the transpiration stream is the water moving into the leaves, and then the actual transpiration. First, the ...
Fog
... transpiration from plants; cool or dry air moving over warmer water; and lifting air over mountains. Water vapor normally ...
Vegetation index
... monitor evaporation and plant transpiration. assess changes in biodiversity classify vegetation detection and quantification of ... Jones, H. G. (2004). "Irrigation scheduling: advantages and pitfalls of plant-based methods". Journal of Experimental Botany. ... "Development of spectral indices for detecting and identifying plant diseases". Remote Sensing of Environment. 128: 21-30. doi: ...
Robert Hungate
Hungate, Robert E. (October 1934). "The Cohesion Theory of Transpiration". Plant Physiology. 9 (4): 783-794. doi:10.1104/pp.9.4 ...
Xerophyte
Evaporative cooling via transpiration can delay the effects of heat stress on the plant. However, transpiration is very ... If the plant loses too much water, it will pass its permanent wilting point, and die. In brief, the rate of transpiration is ... Plants absorb water from the soil, which then evaporates from their shoots and leaves; this process is known as transpiration. ... Transpiration is natural and inevitable for plants; a significant amount of water is lost through this process. However, it is ...
Turgor pressure
... which plays a role in transpiration rates of the plant. This is also important because this function regulates water loss ... In plants, the cells are surrounded by cell walls and filamentous proteins which retain and adjust the plant cell's growth and ... Steudle, Ernst (February 1977). "Effect of Turgor Pressure and Cell Size on the Wall Elasticity of Plant Cells". Plant ... "Pressure Probe Technique for Measuring Water Relations of Cells in Higher Plants". Plant Physiology. 61 (2): 158-163. doi: ...
Mário Guimarães Ferri
Water balance of plants from the "Caatinga". I. Transpiration of some of the most frequent species of the "Caatinga of Paulo ... Water balance of plants from the "Caatinga". II. Further information on transpiration and stomatal behaviour. Revta bras. Biol. ... His interest in the area was a consequence of his studies in plant physiology in the USA - where with the aid of a grant from ... in Portuguese) He pioneered field work in Plant Ecology in Brazil. His PhD thesis was one of the first scientific works of an ...
Ecohydrology
Transpiration from plants provides the majority of flow of water to the atmosphere. Water is influenced by vegetative cover as ... Plants under water stress decrease both their transpiration and photosynthesis through a number of responses, including closing ... Areas of research in ecohydrology include transpiration and plant water use, adaption of organisms to their water environment, ... Evaristo, Jaivime; Jasechko, Scott; McDonnell, Jeffrey J. (2015). "Global separation of plant transpiration from groundwater ...
David Beerling
Beerling, David J.; Franks, Peter J. (2010). "Plant science: The hidden cost of transpiration". Nature. 464 (7288): 495-496. ... Beerling, D. J. (2015). "Newton and the ascent of water in plants". Nature Plants. 1 (2): 15005. doi:10.1038/nplants.2015.5. ... Falkowski, Paul (2007). "Secret life of plants: Book reviewed, The Emerald Planet: How Plants Changed Earth's History". Nature ... How plants changed Earth's history presents a case for recognising the role of plants in shaping Earth's history. Reviewed in ...
Carbon dioxide
Whiting D, Roll M, Vickerman L (August 2010). "Plant Growth Factors: Photosynthesis, Respiration, and Transpiration". CMG ... Plants also emit CO2 during respiration, and so the majority of plants and algae, which use C3 photosynthesis, are only net ... Since plants require CO2 for photosynthesis, and humans and animals depend on plants for food, CO2 is necessary for the ... Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology. 48 (1): 609-639. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.48.1.609. PMID ...
Hydathode
Transpiration Vascular plants Xylem Mortlock, C. (1952). "The structure and development of the hydathodes of Ranunculus ... Hydathodes occur in the leaves of submerged aquatic plants such as Ranunculus fluitans as well as herbaceous plants of drier ... They are connected to the plant vascular system by a vascular bundle. Hydathodes are commonly seen in water lettuce, water ... doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2012.01963.x. Cutter, E.G. (1978). Plant Anatomy. Part 1. Cells and Tissues. London, U.K.: Edward ...
Solar still
The optimal water depth was about 25 millimetres (1 in). During photosynthesis plants release water through transpiration. ... They are used in areas where drinking water is unavailable, so that clean water is obtained from dirty water or from plants by ... "Solar distillation of water from soil and plant materials: a simple desert survival technique". Science. 149 (3690): 1377-9. ...
Beatrice Krauss
Krauss, Beatrice H. (1930). The Transpiration of Pineapple Plants (Ananas sativus) (Thesis). ProQuest 2561939889. Gardner, Lila ... Krauss was involved in research that led to advances in the use of plant regulators in agriculture to improve the nutritional ... Krauss, B. H., & Greig, T. F. (1994). Plants in Hawaiian culture. Univ. of Hawaii Press. Krauss, B. H., & Harold L. Lyon ... She worked primarily as a plant physiologist and morphologist. She spent time in the Canary Islands and the Azores studying ...
Caatinga
Small plants start growing in the now moist soil and trees grow back their leaves. Rivers that are mostly dry during the past 6 ... Leaves fall off the trees to reduce transpiration. With all the foliage and undergrowth dead during the drought periods and all ... Cacti, thick-stemmed plants, thorny brush, and arid-adapted grasses make up the ground layer. Most vegetation experiences a ... Native plants are used in local agriculture, much of it slash-and-burn. Pilocarpus jaborandi appears to exhibit medicinal ...
Rain garden
Transpiration by growing plants accelerates soil drying between storms. Rain gardens perform best using plants that grow in ... Certain plant species are very effective at storing mineral nutrients, which are only released once the plant dies and decays. ... Although specific plants are selected and designed for respective soils and climates, plants that can tolerate both saturated ... and they release water vapor back to the atmosphere through the process of transpiration. Deep plant roots also create ...
Geobiology
Evaristo, Jaivime; Jasechko, Scott; McDonnell, Jeffrey J. (2015). "Global separation of plant transpiration from groundwater ... Some organisms, like plants, are autotrophs, meaning that they can fix carbon dioxide for biosynthesis. Plants are ... Stable Isotopes and Plant Carbon-Water Relations. Elsevier. 2012-12-02. ISBN 9780080918013. McCollom, Thomas M. (2013-01-01). " ... More anthropocentric geobiologic events include the origin of animals and the establishment of terrestrial plant life, which ...
Vegetation and slope stability
Transpiration is the vaporisation of liquid water contained in plant tissue and the vapour removal to the air. Water is drawn ... Transpiration is accentuated when the vegetation has an extensive root system and rapid transpiration continues throughout ... Plants need to have a high leaf to root ratio and have the ability to persist through hot summer months in order to provide ... up from the roots and transported through the plant up to the leaves. The major effect of transpiration is the reduction of ...
Cactus
Transpiration, during which carbon dioxide enters the plant and water escapes, does not take place during the day at the same ... Photosynthesis requires plants to take in carbon dioxide gas (CO2). As they do so, they lose water through transpiration. Like ... For the host plant (the stock), growers choose one that grows strongly in cultivation and is compatible with the plant to be ... and plants (which governs the names of cacti, as well as other plants) were often ignored. Curt Backeberg, in particular, is ...
Water cycle
Transpiration The release of water vapor from plants and soil into the air. The residence time of a reservoir within the ... Evaporation often implicitly includes transpiration from plants, though together they are specifically referred to as ... Evaristo, Jaivime; Jasechko, Scott; McDonnell, Jeffrey J. (September 2015). "Global separation of plant transpiration from ... as groundwater discharge or be taken up by plants and transfered back to the atmosphere as water vapor by transpiration. Some ...
Isotope hydrology
Elsevier Evaristo, Jaivime; Jasechko, Scott; McDonnell, Jeffrey J. (2015). "Global separation of plant transpiration from ... Stable isotopes in the water molecule are also useful in tracing the sources (or proportion of sources) of water that plants ...
Ernst Götsch
Water is planted ('Água se planta!')' By introducing plants that store water, and increase transpiration. 'Turn our enemies ... Heavy pruning: To add biomass to the soil, retain soil moisture, open up canopy, increase carbon capture and transpiration. ' ... into our friends.' Farmers should look for plants that are green all year (even in severe drought, especially weeds) and plant ... of rapid recovery of poor soils by imitating existing patterns in nature in which carefully selected species of plants - a ...
Xylem
Transpiration and the ascent of sap in plants. London, England, UK: Macmillan and Co. Dixon, H (1924). The transpiration stream ... It also allows plants to draw water from the root through the xylem to the leaf. Water is constantly lost through transpiration ... Therefore, transpiration alone provided the driving force for water transport in early plants. However, without dedicated ... Root pressure is highest in the morning before the stomata open and allow transpiration to begin. Different plant species can ...
Marguerite Gertrud Anna Henrici
Physiological plant studies in South Africa. Part II. Transpiration of grasses and other plants under arid conditions. Dept. ... Transpiration of grasses and other plants in arid conditions (1926) The chlorophyll-content of grasses in Bechuanaland (1926) ... 41:213-7, 1945 Transpiration of South African plant associations. Sci. Bull. Dept. Agric. Forestry U. South Africa (1946) ... Effect of excessive water loss and wilting on the life of plants with special reference to Karoo and Lucerne plants (1946) ...
Stable isotope ratio
Stable isotopologues of water are also used in partitioning water sources for plant transpiration and groundwater recharge. ... Evaristo, Jaivime; Jasechko, Scott; McDonnell, Jeffrey J. (2015). "Global separation of plant transpiration from groundwater ... In forensic science, research suggests that the variation in certain isotope ratios in drugs derived from plant sources ( ...
Cloud physics
Transpiration from plants is another typical source of water vapor. Lastly, cool or dry air moving over warmer water will ...
Potometer
The potometer does not measure the rate of transpiration accurately because not all of the water that is taken by the plant is ... The causes of water uptake are photosynthesis and transpiration. The rate of transpiration can be estimated in two ways: ... placing the plant in bright light or shadow), wind (directing a fan at the plant), and humidity. When a twig is cut from a ... The water retained by the plant is so minute that it can be neglected. Introducing an air bubble may not be easy. A twig may ...
Hydrology
... considers evaporation of various forms: from water surfaces; as transpiration from plant surfaces in natural and ...
Thorild Wulff
The Greenlandic plant species Braya thorild-wulffii (Brassicaceae) was named after him in 1923. The Wulff Land peninsula in ... Contains four parts: I. Über die Transpiration der arktischen Gewächse; II. Über das Auftreten von Antocyan bei den arktischen ... Floristische Notizen International Plant Names Index. T.Wulff. (Webarchive template wayback links, CS1 German-language sources ...
Plant nutrients in soil
The movement by mass flow requires the transpiration of water from the plant causing water and solution ions to also move ... Plant uptake of nutrients can only proceed when they are present in a plant-available form. In most situations, nutrients are ... Nutrients in the soil are taken up by the plant through its roots, and in particular its root hairs. To be taken up by a plant ... Plants can use the nitrogen as either the ammonium cation (NH4+) or the anion nitrate (NO3−). Plants are commonly classified as ...
Graham Farquhar
Coordination of CO2 fixation and transpiration in plants". RSB. "Graham Farquhar named 2018 Senior Australian of the Year". ... His work to model plant biophysics has helped to understand how cells, whole plants and whole forests work, and to create new ... By the number of citations, he is the most cited author of some plant science journals such as Planta, Plant, Cell and ... "pioneering the understanding of isotope discrimination in plants and its application to breed wheat varieties that use water ...
Food and biological process engineering
Understanding of plant developmental cycles governs how and when plants are harvested, impacts storage environments, and ... Even after harvesting, fruits and vegetables undergo the biological processes of respiration, transpiration, and ripening. ... By understanding plants and animals on the molecular level, scientists are able to engineer them with specific goals in mind. ... Among the most notable applications of such genetic engineering is the creation of disease or insect resistant plants, such as ...
Water vapor
Other sources of atmospheric water include combustion, respiration, volcanic eruptions, the transpiration of plants, and ... Provides water for plants and animals: Water vapour gets converted to rain and snow that serve as a natural source of water for ... Water vapor is a by-product of respiration in plants and animals. Its contribution to the pressure, increases as its ... plants and animals. Controls evaporation: Excess water vapor in the air decreases the rate of evaporation. Determines climatic ...
Hydraulic redistribution
Dawson, Todd E. (1993). "Hydraulic lift and water use by plants: Implications for water balance, performance and plant-plant ... Meinzer, F. C.; James, S. A.; Goldstein, G. (2004). "Dynamics of transpiration, sap flow and use of stored water in tropical ... Whether or not plants redistribute water through the soil layers can affect plant population dynamics, such as the facilitation ... It occurs in vascular plants that commonly have roots in both wet and dry soils, especially plants with both taproots that grow ...
The Pinnacles (Western Australia)
As transpiration drew water through the soil to the roots, nutrients and other dissolved minerals flowed toward the root-a ... A third proposal suggests that plants played an active role in the creation of the Pinnacles, based on the mechanism that ... Some of the common plant species include panjang (a low-lying wattle), coastal wattle and banjine, quandong, yellow tailflower ... if the nutrients arrive in quantities greater than that needed for plant growth. In coastal aeolian sands that consist of large ...
Homoiohydry
... which regulate the rates of water transpiration and CO2 exchange. In vascular plants, water is acquired from the soil by roots ... Evolutionary history of plants - Origin and diversification of plants through geologic time Raven, J.A. (1977) The evolution of ... Homoiohydry evolved in land plants to a lesser or greater degree during their transition to land more than 500 million years ... Water evaporation from the aerial surfaces of the plant is controlled by a waterproof covering of cuticle. Gas exchange with ...
Chestnut
at Plants for a Future and on field trips. Cited in Plants for a Future "Castanea sativa, sweet chestnut". Find a Plant. Royal ... Because of their high water content, transpiration rates, and consequent loss weight, the nuts react as fresh fruits (not as ... Encyclopaedia of Medicinal Plants. By R. Chiej. MacDonald 1984. ISBN 0-356-10541-5. Cited in Plants For A Future. Spina, S. ( ... "電子書 台灣植物誌第二版 Flora of Taiwan, 2nd edition 2: 53 - Plants of Taiwan 台灣植物資訊整合查詢系統". ntu.edu.tw. Archived from
Simarouba amara
Plants described in 1775, Trees of Peru, Trees of Brazil, Dioecious plants, Flora without expected TNC conservation status). ... Granier, A.; Huc, R.; Colin, F. (1992). "Transpiration and stomatal conductance of two rain forest species growing in ... Generally plants absorb PAR at efficiencies of around 85%; the higher values found in S. amara are thought to be due to the ... Plant physiologists have investigated how the leaves of the tree differ depending on their location in the forest canopy ...
Methyl jasmonate
... which build up in the damaged parts of the plant. The methyl jasmonate can be used to signal the original plant's defense ... their metabolism and were better able to withstand water stress and drought conditions by lowering the amount of transpiration ... The unharmed plants absorb the airborne MeJA through either the stomata or diffusion through the leaf cell cytoplasm. An ... Plants produce jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate in response to many biotic and abiotic stresses (in particular, herbivory and ...
Paclobutrazol
As an antagonist of gibberellin biosynthesis, PBZ has a growth retardant effect on most plant species. It is absorbed by plant ... The latter is responsible for controlling transpiration of water through the leaves and hence PBZ treatment can lead to better ... Olszewski, Neil; Sun, Tai-ping; Gubler, Frank (2002). "Gibberellin Signaling". The Plant Cell. American Society of Plant ... Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology. 51 (1): 501-531. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.51.1.501. PMID ...
Seawater greenhouse
They found that the amount of water required by the plants is reduced by 80% and 2.6-6.4 kWh electrical energy is needed for m3 ... The greenhouse is assisted by the prevailing wind, evaporative cooling, transpiration, solar heating, heat transfer through the ... His fascination with light and plant growth led to the Seawater Greenhouse concept. Charlie was recognised as a Royal Designer ... Giant wind turbines based on a seed, and desalination plant that mimics a beetle", The Guardian (2006) "Seawater Greenhouse: A ...
Water cooling
Plant transpiration and animal perspiration use evaporative cooling to prevent high temperatures from causing unsustainable ... A2 Over 1,200 power plants and manufacturers use OTC systems in the U.S.: 4-4 and the intake structures kill billions of fish ... McGeehan, Patrick (12 May 2015). "Fire Prompts Renewed Calls to Close the Indian Point Nuclear Plant". New York Times. U.S. ... Many facilities, particularly electric power plants, use millions of gallons of water per day for cooling. Water cooling on ...
Heat Capacity Mapping Mission
... to measure plant-canopy temperatures at frequent intervals to determine the transpiration of water and plant life, (3) to ...
Aerial stem modification
It gets detached from the plant, falls on ground and develops into a new plant. e.g. Dioscorea. It is in axel (the space ... They control transpiration by reducing the vegetative growth. In Bougainvillea, Punica granatum and Duranta the axillary bud ... Some weak stemmed plants produce wiry, coiled, sensitive and delicate organs for climbing. They are called tendrils. These may ... Aerial stem modifications are modifications to the aerial stems, vegetative buds and floral buds of plants growing in different ...
Absorption of water
The main cause behind this transpiration pull, water is lifted up in the plant axis like a bucket of water is lifted by a ... www.wiziq.com/tutorial/70692-Biology-XI-11-Transport-in-plants-4-Mechanism-of-Water-Absorption Absorption of water-Plants ... In higher plants water and minerals are absorbed through root hairs which are in contact with soil water and from the root ... Transpiration pull is responsible for dragging water at the leaf end, the pull or force is transmitted down to the root through ...
Sustainable agriculture
Such methods include: researching on drought resistant crops, monitoring plant transpiration and reducing soil evaporation. ... These rules are to never take the first plant, never take more than half of the plants, and never take the last plant. This ... Abstinence from soil tillage before planting and leaving the plant residue after harvesting reduces soil water evaporation; It ... Legumes will grow for a season and replenish the soil with ammonium and nitrate, and the next season other plants can be seeded ...
Substomatal cavity
ISBN 0-13-146906-1 Stoma Transpiration stream v t e (Plant cells, Plant anatomy, All stub articles, Botany stubs). ... such as plant pheromones) in and out of plant cells. Graham LE, Graham JM, Wilcox LW (2006) Plant Biology (Second Edition). ... In plants, the substomatal cavity is the cavity located immediately proximal to the stoma. It acts as a diffusion chamber ...
Keetch-Byram drought index
A high soil moisture deficit means there is little water available for evaporation or plant transpiration. This occurs in ...
Biosphere 2
Moon or Mars by developing a bioregenerative life support system which recycles and purifies water through plant transpiration ... The soils were selected to have enough carbon to provide for the plants of the ecosystems to grow from infancy to maturity, a ... Both attempts ran into problems including low amounts of food and oxygen, die-offs of many animals and plants included in the ... Biospherians intervened to control invasive plants when needed to preserve biodiversity, functioning as "keystone predators". ...
Suman Chakraborty
... drawing analogies with water transpiration in living plants. Chakraborty is also known for developing disruptive medical ...
Ancient Egyptian medicine
"Egyptian medicinal use of plants in antiquity is known to be extensive, with some 160 distinct plant products..." Amidst the ... The function of most major organs was correctly presumed-for example, blood was correctly guessed to be a transpiration medium ... Oil was produced from the linseed plant and there was a limited selection of spices and herbs. Meat (sheep, goats, pigs, wild ... and fresh plants..." It is clear that the Egyptian diet was not lacking for the upper classes and that even the lower classes ...
Dune
Planting dunes with vegetation also helps to stabilise them. Dune habitats provide niches for highly specialized plants and ... These too are adapted to the low soil water content and have small, prickly leaves which reduce transpiration. Heather adds ... soil to be waterlogged where only marsh plants can survive. In Europe these plants include: creeping willow, cotton grass, ... These plants are well adapted to the harsh conditions of the foredune, typically having deep roots which reach the water table ...
Pleistocene Park
Of the first 40 horses, 15 were killed by predators and 12 died of eating poisonous plants. More horses were imported, and they ... Moss has a very low transpiration rate and thus causes humidity without necessarily needing humidity for its establishment. ... Camels are not suitable for wet environments, preferring uplands, and are mainly sought out in order to browse away at plants ... Bactrian camels will eat almost anything, preferably any plant material such as grass, shrubs, bark, etc., but in times of need ...
Karioi
The threatened plants Veronica speciosa (syn. Hebe speciosa) and Cook's scurvy grass have been reintroduced to Te Toto Gorge. ... Mosses increase where growth is affected by cloud, leaf temperature, and transpiration. Nutrient uptake is hampered and the ... Despite damage, distinct plant communities (tree fern, ridge, lowland, valley floor, boulder slope, coastal and montane exposed ... Altitude and wind are the main influences on Karioi's plants. Along the main track the forest changes from kohekohe near Te ...
Betula occidentalis
Sperry, J. S.; Saliendra, N. Z. (1994). "Intra- and inter-plant variation in xylem cavitation in Betula occidentalis". Plant, ... Sperry, J. S.; Pockman, W. T. (1993). "Limitation of transpiration by hydraulic conductance and xylem cavitation in Betula ... Plants of British Columbia: Betula occidentalis Jepson Flora: Betula occidentalis Little, Elbert L. (1980). The Audubon Society ... Sperry, John S (2000). "Hydraulic constraints on plant gas exchange". Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 104 (1): 13-23. doi: ...
Lithops
Excessive heat will kill potted plants as they cannot cool themselves by transpiration and rely on staying buried in cool soil ... Any soil that retains too much water will cause the plants to burst their skins as they over-expand. Plants grown in strong ... Lithops is a genus of succulent plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are native to southern Africa. ... Cuttings can only be used to produce new plants after a plant has naturally divided to form multiple heads, so most propagation ...
Water security
A common cause of thermal pollution is the use of water as a coolant by power plants and industrial manufacturers. Weather and ... This is because evaporation rates and crop transpiration rates will be higher due to rising temperatures.: 4 Climate factors ... Point sources have one identifiable cause, such as a storm drain, a wastewater treatment plant or an oil spill. Non-point ... treatment plants, storage tanks and dams). augmenting water supplies through non-conventional sources, including water ...
Salt marsh dieback
The experiment showed that the plants with the greater sediment levels had more plant cover, with higher plants and a greater ... since global warming suggests that increased global temperatures may lead to increased evaporation and transpiration. Brown and ... Therefore, the plants are unable to use the diffused carbon, so the available plant energy decreases. Another product of ... Decreased oxygen uptake can also decrease plant productivity. To gain energy, these plants then go through a process of ...
Patent Detail: Controlling CO2-Regulated Stomatal Apertures, Water Transpiration and Water Use Efficiency in Plants (Superfund...
45 Fabulous 1st Grade Science Experiments and Projects To Try
Lecture 30: Plant transport
1. Transpiration: water moves (roots --, stems --, leaves) through xylem (tracheids and vessel members. Some water used for ... Plant transport VII. Plant Transport. A. Nutritional Requirements. 1. 16 essential elements. 2. 3 = C, H, O (C from carbon ... In return, they withdraw organic compounds from plant tissues. [Fig. 30.2]. 3. Fungi grow around plant roots in mycorrhizae; ... in CAM plants (cactus, succulents) stomata open at night to conserve water (CO2 levels drop at night due to fixation by a ...
A 50% rise in the level of CO2 could reduce r | EurekAlert!
Transpiration in forest and pasture. The scenarios projected by the computer simulations showed the decrease in rainfall being ... Plants transpire less as the supply of CO2 increases, emitting less moisture into the atmosphere and hence generating less rain ... The decrease in transpiration caused by rising levels of CO2 leads to a temperature increase of up to two degrees because there ... "CO2 is a basic input for photosynthesis, so when it increases in the atmosphere, plant physiology is affected and this can have ...
Forests | Free Full-Text | Impacts of Forest Fire on Understory Species Diversity in Canary Pine Ecosystems on the Island of La...
... all plant species without Pinus canariensis, all plant species without Lotus campylocladus ssp. hillebrandii, all plant species ... Luis, V.C.; Jiménez, M.S.; Morales, D.; Kucera, J.; Wieser, G. Canopy transpiration of a Canary Islands pine forest. Agric. For ... all plant species without Pinus canariensis, all plant species without Lotus campylocladus ssp. hillebrandii, all plant species ... Generally, herbaceous plants contributed more to SCBD than woody plants.. On undisturbed sites, both nitrogen fixers and annual ...
FAQs • Chino Hills • CivicEngage
Evapotranspiration or (ET) is the rate at which a plant loses water through evaporation and transpiration. 15. What is the ... 18. What is Transpiration? The passing of water through living plant membranes into the atmosphere. ... Adding compost improves soil fertility and stimulates healthy root development in plants. 14. What is Evapotranspiration (ET)? ... The water calculator is designed to give you a schedule for the maximum amount of water which your plants may need each week of ...
Grant Recipient Patent List (Superfund Research Program)
Controlling CO2-Regulated Stomatal Apertures, Water Transpiration and Water Use Efficiency in Plants Number: 61/438,618. Year: ... Plant Sensors, Nucleic Acids Encoding Them, and Methods for Making and Using Them Number: 8,916,745 Year: 2014. Patent Status: ... Plant CO2 Sensors, Nucleic Acids Encoding Them, and Methods for Making and Using Them Number: 10,378,021. Year: 2019. Patent ... Method to Improve Drought Tolerance in Plants Number: 6,635,803. Year: 2003. Patent Status: Expired Authors: Schroeder, J.I., J ...
Baseliner: an open source, interactive tool for processing sap flux data from thermal dissipation probes. | US Forest Service...
Publications
Effects of storage conditions on transpiration rate of pomegranate aril-sacs and arils. South African Journal of Plant and Soil ... Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 2017; 124:499-511. *MDITSHWA A, FAWOLE OA, VRIES F, VAN DER MERWE K, CROUCH EM, OPARA ... Frontiers in Plant Science. 2020; 10: 1288. *HATTINGH V, MOORE S, KIRKMAN W, GODDARD M, THACKERAY S, PEYPER M, SHARP G, CRONJÉ ... American Journal of Plant Sciences. 2020; 11:965-986.. *Masike K, de Villiers A, Hoffman EW, Brand DJ, Stander M.Application of ...
Weather: An Introduction | Encyclopedia.com
Even plants emit water through tiny pores on the underside of their leaves in a process called transpiration. ... Farmers know that planting a row of trees on otherwise flat land goes a long way toward preventing soil erosion caused by ... Since the warm water is inhospitable to marine life, dead fish, gulls, and marine plants litter the beaches. Their decomposing ... such as the surface of grass and plants. Dew doesnt form on the pavement or a baseball diamond, because hard surfaces retain ...
Relative Humidity Sensor User Manual - Vernier
Best Shade Trees for Your Garden
Search Plant Care. * Plant-Care.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising ... Loss of water through the leaves is called transpiration. On a summer day, a single birch tree may transpire 700 to 900 gallons ... Plant Tips, News & Updates. Sign up for my Free,. Daily Newsletter to receive:. *Tips on Plant Care Indoors and Out ... For accent planting. May be clipped, as hedge, for formal settings. American Elm Very tall, with attractive vase form. Early ...
How Plants Absorb Nutrients and Create Fuel - dummies
Plants have roots that stick down into the earth. The roots pull water, which has nutrients dissolved in it, up from the ground ... As water evaporates from the plant into the atmosphere (called transpiration in plants but respiration in animals), the column ... As water evaporates from the plant into the atmosphere (called ,i,transpiration,/i, in plants but ,i,respiration,/i, in animals ... As water evaporates from the plant into the atmosphere (called ,i,transpiration,/i, in plants but ,i,respiration,/i, in animals ...
Landowner's Guide: Glossary
Transpiration. The process in which vapor is released through the pores of plant tissue, simultaneously causing water to be ... A pointed tool or bar used to make holes in soil; used most often for planting tree or shrub seedlings, bulbs, and plant sets. ... A plant considered undesirable, unattractive, or troublesome; a plant growing where it is not desired.. ... Aquatic plants which have some portion of the plant extended out of the water.. ...
How to Plant a Bare-Root Tree | Almanac.com
Learn how to plant a tree from digging the hole to watering the tree properly. ... And most importantly, they experience less shock after planting, having experienced less transpiration (water loss) immediately ... If you cant plant the trees within approximately 24 hours of arrival, unpack the plants and cover their roots with wet ... Note that bareroot plants take four to six weeks after planting to "wake up" and show signs of growth. ...
Summer Flowers that Can Take the Heat | Garden Gate
Transpiration is essentially how plants sweat; their pores, through which hydration is lost, are called stomata. When plants ... How transpiration works. During transpiration, moisture is absorbed through the roots, carries nutrients up through the plant ... Dividing Plants in Summer. How heat and drought affect plants. Some plants are naturally more resistant to heat, humidity and ... Planting heat-susceptible plants on the north or northeast side of a taller, more heat-tolerant plants, such as Mexican ...
CO Meeting Organizer EGU2019
Water Potential Video Tutorial & Practice | Channels for Pearson+
Transpiration is fastest when humidity is low and temperature is high, but in some plants it seems to increase... ... We talked about adaptations in what are called cam plants and C four plants, uh, where plants that carry out camp and C four ... And again, that idea is known as the photosynthesis transpiration compromise. But plants have also come up with a bunch of ... Then our plant will stand upright. Itll be direct right? The reason that we only see this in non woody plants is because Woody ...
The Oval detailed weather charts
... while transpiration covers the movement of water within plants and loss of water vapour through stomata in plant leaves. ... Evapotranspiration is therefore the sum accumulated loss of water from evaporation and plant transpiration. ... It has been specifically developed to account for the transpiration levels of grass. The term evapotranspiration describes the ...
E
... and the transpiration of groundwater by plants (Phreatophytes) whose roots tap the capillary fringe of the groundwater table. ... Having part of a plant aerial and the rest submersed; with parts extending out of the water. EMERGENT PLANT A plant that grows ... evaporation of liquid or solid water plus transpiration from plants. Evapotranspiration occurs through evaporation of water ... ENDEMIC (Ecology) Confined to, or Indigenous in, a certain area or region, as an endemic plant or animal. ENERGY The capacity ...
Strand D: Earth's Dynamic Climate | Let's Talk Science
Plant Functions Learn about the important plant functions of photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration ... Learn about the location, plants, animals, human impacts and conservation of tropical rainforest biome. ... Learn about the location, plants, animals, human impacts and conservation of the savanna biome. ...
Active transport of soluble molecules and ions explained, why is it needed? how does it work? needed in gut for digestion plant...
Transport and gas exchange in plants, transpiration, absorption of nutrients etc.. WHAT NEXT? ... It is essential plant roots can absorb vital nutrients for the health and growth of a plant. ... ENTER specific biology words or courses e.g. topic, module, exam board, structure, concept, animal or plant feature, phrase, ... Active transport is used in the absorption of nitrates and other ions by plant roots. ...
Water Cycle - RMBEL
Stump Tea Veg Boost | HTG Supply
Not only are these precursors good for plants but they also help cell membranes in microbial flora found at the root zone. ... When jointly applied with microelements, their absorption inside the plant amplifies, allowing for faster growth rates. Veg ... Veg Boost raises the concentration of chlorophyll in plants, this increases the absorption of luminous energy, which leads to ... When Stomata open, photosynthesis and transpiration are increased. When this occurs the plants metabolism speeds up leading to ...
Subject: grafting (plants) and Cucurbita maxima - PubAg Search Results
... transpiration; watermelons. Abstract:. ... In order to evaluate the salinity tolerance of grafted watermelon, two sets of ... plant response; saline water; grafting (plants); rootstocks; plant damage; salt stress; fruit crops. DOI:. 10.1007/s11104-004- ... You searched for: Subject grafting (plants) Remove constraint Subject: grafting (plants) Subject Cucurbita maxima Remove ... plants); iron; leaves; magnesium; manganese; nutrient uptake; plant growth; plant nutrition; potassium; pumpkins; root tips; ...
Water's Life Cycle - RainSoft
Transpiration, on the other hand, is the loss of water by plants. Transpiration rates depend upon temperature, humidity and ... And since plants draw water from the soil, transpiration rates can greatly effect soil moisture content. Soil water loss ... The cycle operates through a number of natural processes scientists call evaporation, transpiration and precipitation. ... resulting from both transpiration and evaporation is called evapotranspiration.. Where Does Precipitation Go?. When ...
BayCEER: Mitglieder
Linear relation between leaf xylem water potential and transpiration in pearl millet during soil drying. Plant and Soil, 447(1- ... Hayat, F., Ahmed, M., Zarebanadkouki, M., Cai, G., Javaux, M., Carminati, A.: Transpiration reduction in maize (Zea mays L) in ... Functional Plant Biology, 41(11), 1129-1137 (2014).. doi:10.1071/FP13330. Other publications. 2016. Carminati, A., Kostka, S., ... Abdalla, M., Ahmed, M.: Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Symbiosis Enhances Water Status and Soil-Plant Hydraulic Conductance Under ...
CN216701200U - Strawberry planting system with drainage function
- Google Patents
The strawberry planting system with the water drainage function comprises a strawberry planting system body provided with a ... The strawberry planting system with the water drainage function has the advantages that the height of the spray head can be ... effect on the growth of the plants caused by the fact that the spray nozzle of the spray head is too close to the plants is ... so that the spray nozzle of the spray head and the strawberry plants can keep proper height, and the adverse ...
EvaporationStomatal ConductancePhotosynthesisMoistureLeafRootsArabidopsisSoilBiologySeedlingsPhysiologicalAtmosphereLeavesMetabolismTemperatureWoodyThermalSymmetricalTreePhysiolNutrientsLiving organismsGrowthPhotosyntheticTreesCarbonWiltStudyDroughtControlCharacteristicsFasterIdealHeightLightRegionMediumAnnualGoodAnimalsYearsDrop
Evaporation3
- Transpiration or evaporation of water from plant surfaces is an energy dissipating process unique to the terrestrial environment. (wikipedia.org)
- In the water cycle, there are two ways water moves from the ground to the atmosphere: evaporation and transpiration. (earthsciweek.org)
- Transpiration is basically evaporation of water from plant leaves. (earthsciweek.org)
Stomatal Conductance3
- The saline-induced impairment in stomatal movement caused the reduced stomatal conductance and transpiration rate. (bvsalud.org)
- A close correlation between stomatal conductance and the steady-state photosynthetic rate has been observed for diverse plant species under various environmental conditions. (bvsalud.org)
- These observations reveal that stomatal conductance is important for regulating photosynthesis in rice plants in the natural environment with fluctuating light. (bvsalud.org)
Photosynthesis4
- Exploring variation in photosynthesis, transpiration and growth among plants and leaves within tomato plant canopies using a dynamic functional-structural plant model. (wur.nl)
- CO 2 is a basic input for photosynthesis, so when it increases in the atmosphere, plant physiology is affected and this can have a cascade effect on the transfer of moisture from trees to the atmosphere [ transpiration ], the formation of rain in the region, forest biomass, and several other processes," said David Montenegro Lapola , last author of the article. (eurekalert.org)
- Daily courses of net photosynthesis and transpiration at the end of the dry period]. (nih.gov)
- Long exposures to weak light before treatments with strong light increased the photosynthetic induction time required for plants to reach a steady-state photosynthetic rate and also induced stomatal limitation of photosynthesis by restricting the diffusion of CO2 into leaves. (bvsalud.org)
Moisture5
- Plants transpire less as the supply of CO 2 increases, emitting less moisture into the atmosphere and hence generating less rain. (eurekalert.org)
- During transpiration, moisture is absorbed through the roots, carries nutrients up through the plant and exits through the stomata when they exchange carbon dioxide from the air for water vapor. (gardengatemagazine.com)
- When too much moisture leaves, plants wilt. (gardengatemagazine.com)
- This happens even though soil has adequate moisture (known as transpiration). (monrovia.com)
- Transpiration accounts for about 10 percent of the moisture in the atmosphere - with oceans, seas, and other bodies of water providing nearly all the rest. (earthsciweek.org)
Leaf6
- In addition, the net assimilation rate (NAR c ) and leaf area ratio per whole-plant C content (LAR c ) were significantly correlated with photosynthetic rates and biomass allocation. (ashs.org)
- The scenarios projected by the computer simulations showed the decrease in rainfall being caused by a reduction of about 20% in leaf transpiration. (eurekalert.org)
- Stable oxygen isotope composition of tree ring cellulose (δ 18 O cell ) has been demonstrated to reflect a suite of biotic and abiotic factors (i.e. air temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, leaf temperature, transpiration) during the period of tree growth. (springer.com)
- For example, species that are native to hot, dry climates have developed a number of tricks that allow them to survive the blazing heat, such as thick cuticles (think cacti) or waxier leaf surfaces (think agaves) that result in lower transpiration rates. (gardengatemagazine.com)
- 18. Leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence in wheat plants supplied with silicon and infected with Pyricularia oryzae. (nih.gov)
- 2009). important group of plants and represent most of the In addition, it may lead to reduction in cell floristic diversity of the Northeast region of Brazil expansion, reduction in leaf area, increase in leaf and the Caatinga Domain, where 603 species have abscission, decrease in the relationship between root already been registered (BFG 2015). (bvsalud.org)
Roots5
- most flowering plants (angiosperms) also have an exodermis just inside the roots which also has a Casparian strip. (umbc.edu)
- The old saying about keeping a cool head in hot situations is just the opposite for plants, who would rather have cool roots, especially on hot days. (gardengatemagazine.com)
- A light within the dome triggers the plants to photosynthesise and transpire, so water is drawn through the roots and onto the leaves, where it enters the air as vapour. (dezeen.com)
- Plants are losing water faster than their roots can absorb it from surrounding soils. (monrovia.com)
- At the end of the experiment the plants had their organs separated and taken to the greenhouse to obtain the dry matter of the leaves, stem, roots and total dry matter, and also, biomass allocation in the leaves, stem and roots. (bvsalud.org)
Arabidopsis1
- A non-destructive thermal imaging method was used to study the stomatal response of salt-treated Arabidopsis thaliana plants to excessive light. (bvsalud.org)
Soil5
- Equipment used to firm and press the soil before planting. (michigandnr.com)
- to loosen soil around growing plants. (michigandnr.com)
- A technique that breaks-up the soil in preparation for planting. (michigandnr.com)
- If the owner's away from home, the pipes can be stoppered to create a self-sustaining atmosphere, as the soil is filled with microbes and insects that provide carbon dioxide for the plants. (dezeen.com)
- Soil fauna is crucial to soil formation , litter decomposition, nutrient cycling , biotic regulation, and for promoting plant growth . (wikipedia.org)
Biology1
- The Biology of Transpiration. (nih.gov)
Seedlings1
- used most often for planting tree or shrub seedlings, bulbs, and plant sets. (michigandnr.com)
Physiological9
- The physiological and morphological traits of green roof plants are key to understanding the environmental benefits of green roofs. (ashs.org)
- However, the comparative investigation of physiological and morphological traits of green roof plants is limited. (ashs.org)
- Moreover, there have been few studies on the relevance of physiological and morphological traits and competence for carbon sequestration of green roof plants. (ashs.org)
- The purpose of this study is to compare the physiological and morphological traits of four green roof plants and discuss the influence of these traits on their environmental benefits under a controlled environmental system. (ashs.org)
- In addition, we attempted to clarify the relevance of physiological and morphological traits and competence for carbon sequestration in each plant using growth analysis. (ashs.org)
- Owing to these physiological and morphological responses in the wet treatment, transpiration rates and competence for carbon sequestration [relative C sequestration rate per whole-plant C content (RGR c )] of the two Sedum species were higher than those of Z. matrella and O. japonicus . (ashs.org)
- Our results will serve as a baseline of the physiological and morphological traits and carbon sequestration of green roof plants and contribute to more suitable design and maintenance of vegetation in green roofs. (ashs.org)
- The researchers set out to investigate how the physiological effects of rising atmospheric CO 2 on plants influence the rainfall regime. (eurekalert.org)
- 4. [Eco-physiological investigations on wild and cultivated plants in the Negev Desert : III. (nih.gov)
Atmosphere3
- The findings draw attention to the need for local action to reduce deforestation in the nine countries that share the Amazon basin and global action to reduce CO 2 emissions into the atmosphere by factories, vehicles and power plants, for example. (eurekalert.org)
- Installed not far north of Manaus, the experiment will raise the level of CO 2 over small tracts of rainforest and analyze the resulting changes to plant physiology and the atmosphere. (eurekalert.org)
- The loss of water vapor by plants to the atmosphere. (nih.gov)
Leaves7
- plants responded to increases in below-ground resources (water and nutrients) with increased biomass allocation of leaves and stems. (ashs.org)
- A plant that normally takes two years to reach sexual maturity, producing leaves in the first year, blooming and producing fruit in its second year, and then dying. (michigandnr.com)
- We hypothesized that some drought-stressed plants paradoxically open stomata in heatwaves to prevent leaves from critically overheating. (nih.gov)
- When summer temperatures soar, plants may stop blooming, wilt, drop leaves and flowers, lose color or launch into seed production. (gardengatemagazine.com)
- Other plants minimize water loss through transpiration by having smaller leaves, leaves covered with fine hairs or by developing wider or deeper root systems. (gardengatemagazine.com)
- Loss of water through the leaves is called transpiration. (plant-care.com)
- Its leaves are used in renal inflammations, such as diuretic, hypoglycemic, being considered a medicinal plant of popular use. (bvsalud.org)
Metabolism2
- In particular, Sedum L. species are generally regarded as crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants, but several Sedum species are recognized as having an "inducible type of CAM. (ashs.org)
- These plants are C 3 and C 4 plants, with the ability to switch their carbon metabolism to the CAM pathway. (ashs.org)
Temperature2
- The initial response of plants, which was associated with stomatal aperture, revealed an exponential growth in temperature kinetics. (bvsalud.org)
- Limited transpiration of NaCl-treated plants resulted in an increased rosette temperature and decreased thermal time constants as compared to the controls. (bvsalud.org)
Woody2
- A woody plant that sheds or loses foliage at the end of the growing season. (michigandnr.com)
- Estimating transpiration from woody plants using thermal dissipation sap flux sensors requires careful data processing. (usda.gov)
Thermal2
- Most well-watered plants avoided lethal overheating, but drought exacerbated thermal damage during heatwaves. (nih.gov)
- Using a single-exponential function, we estimated the time constants of thermal courses of plants exposed to acute high light. (bvsalud.org)
Symmetrical1
- then using hand pruners shape the plant into a symmetrical mound, like a shallow bowl turned upside down. (monrovia.com)
Tree3
- Italian architect Stefano Boeri has also taken advantage of plants' purifying abilities, unveiling plans for a tree and plant-covered "vertical forest" city that could eat up China's smog . (dezeen.com)
- In planting or transplanting a tree, and in building on a lot where you wish to preserve the trees, the gardener's chief consideration must be to protect the root structure of the tree. (plant-care.com)
- Most widely planted street and lawn tree. (plant-care.com)
Physiol1
- Plant Physiol. (nih.gov)
Nutrients1
- 1. Bacteria, fungi help plants to take up nutrients, particularly nitrogen ( = mutualism). (umbc.edu)
Living organisms1
- The variety of living organisms (plants, animals, and micro-organisms) upon the earth and the interactions and ecosystems they form and are part of. (michigandnr.com)
Growth3
- A plant with a life cycle which includes germination, growth, flowering and fruiting, then dieing, all taking place in one year. (michigandnr.com)
- Thanks to its upright growth habit and wand of color, angelonia is the ideal plant for a dose of bright color. (gardengatemagazine.com)
- Plant establishment, competitiveness, and growth is governed largely by the ecology below-ground, so understanding this system is an essential component of plant sciences and terrestrial ecology. (wikipedia.org)
Photosynthetic1
- The slac1 mutant exhibited a significantly higher rate of stomatal opening after an increase in irradiance than wild-type plants, leading to a higher rate of photosynthetic induction. (bvsalud.org)
Trees1
- Give fruiting plants (trees like apples, berries like raspberries) in containers a good feeding. (monrovia.com)
Carbon2
- This result suggested that the cooling effect and carbon sequestration of Sedum in wet and increased nutrient conditions are equivalent to those observed in other plants. (ashs.org)
- The influence of climatic factors on carbon dioxide exchange and transpiration at the end of the dry period]. (nih.gov)
Wilt2
- When plants lose water, they wilt. (gardengatemagazine.com)
- It's not uncommon for plants to wilt on hot afternoons. (monrovia.com)
Study1
- KAWHENA TG, OPARA UL, FAWOLE OA.A comparative study of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of plant essential oils and extracts as candidate ingredients for edible coatings to control decay in 'Wonderful' pomegranate. (sun.ac.za)
Drought1
- Some plants are naturally more resistant to heat, humidity and drought than others and these flowers can take heat better. (gardengatemagazine.com)
Control2
- The Control of Transpiration. (nih.gov)
- A significant decline in the maximal quantum yield of photosystem II under excessive light was noticeable for the control and NaCl-treated plants. (bvsalud.org)
Characteristics2
- Some plants have characteristics to slow this process as mentioned above. (gardengatemagazine.com)
- The objective was to evaluate the morphophysiological characteristics of B. divaricata plants at different water regimes. (bvsalud.org)
Faster1
- low hydrostatic pressure) - pressure-flow theory accounts for fact that movement of sugar in phloem is much faster than can be accounted for by diffusion (up to 40,000 times faster in cotton plants! (umbc.edu)
Ideal1
- Ideal for street planting as it grows straight and tall and gives good shade. (plant-care.com)
Height1
- Plant height did not differ statistically between the treatments. (bvsalud.org)
Light1
- It is a biosphere wherein the five key factors necessary for efficient transpiration, namely warmth, wind, light, pressure and humidity, are maintained at an optimum level. (dezeen.com)
Region1
- 1987. Health assessment for Alabama Army Ammunition Plant, Talladega County, Alabama, region 4. (cdc.gov)
Medium1
- These benefits depend on the presence of living plants and the growing medium. (ashs.org)
Annual1
- Offer bedded annual plants at least an inch of water a week. (gardengatemagazine.com)
Good1
- They'll keep blooming and look good even when other plants struggle. (gardengatemagazine.com)
Animals2
- A group of the same kind of animals or plants living or growing together. (michigandnr.com)
- Strong skeletons have been evolved in both land plants and animals and also special means of locomotion have been evolved in the latter. (wikipedia.org)
Years1
- Over the last 30 years, plant scientists have made significant progress in characterizing physiology- and biochemistry-related fractionation processes and their influences on δ 18 O cell . (springer.com)
Drop1
- Drop by Drop houses plants under a glass dome. (dezeen.com)
