AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureHealth CareGeographicals
Plant TranspirationPlant LeavesPlant StomataPlants, Genetically ModifiedPlant RootsXylemWaterPlant ProteinsPlant ShootsAcerPlant StemsVapor PressureGenes, PlantPlant EpidermisXanthiumPhotosynthesisDroughtsPhaseolusFabaceaePlants, MedicinalLightGene PoolMissouriSunlightPesticidesEpidermis
Plant Transpiration: The loss of water vapor by plants to the atmosphere. It occurs mainly from the leaves through pores (stomata) whose primary function is gas exchange. The water is replaced by a continuous column of water moving upwards from the roots within the xylem vessels. (Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)Plant Leaves: Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)Plant Stomata: Closable openings in the epidermis of plants on the underside of leaves. They allow the exchange of gases between the internal tissues of the plant and the outside atmosphere.Plants, Genetically Modified: PLANTS, or their progeny, whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING.Plant Roots: The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)Xylem: Plant tissue that carries water up the root and stem. Xylem cell walls derive most of their strength from LIGNIN. The vessels are similar to PHLOEM sieve tubes but lack companion cells and do not have perforated sides and pores.Water: A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Plant Proteins: Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which VEGETABLE PROTEINS is available.Plant Shoots: New immature growth of a plant including stem, leaves, tips of branches, and SEEDLINGS.Acer: A plant genus of the family ACERACEAE, best known for trees with palmately lobed leaves.Plant Stems: Parts of plants that usually grow vertically upwards towards the light and support the leaves, buds, and reproductive structures. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)Vapor Pressure: The contribution to barometric PRESSURE of gaseous substance in equilibrium with its solid or liquid phase.Genes, Plant: The functional hereditary units of PLANTS.Plant Epidermis: A thin layer of cells forming the outer integument of seed plants and ferns. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)Xanthium: A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. The name "prickly burweed" is sometimes used but causes confusion with AMSINCKIA.Photosynthesis: The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds. Photosynthesis comprises two separate processes: the light reactions and the dark reactions. In higher plants; GREEN ALGAE; and CYANOBACTERIA; NADPH and ATP formed by the light reactions drive the dark reactions which result in the fixation of carbon dioxide. (from Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2001)Droughts: Prolonged dry periods in natural climate cycle. They are slow-onset phenomena caused by rainfall deficit combined with other predisposing factors.Phaseolus: A plant genus in the family FABACEAE which is the source of edible beans and the lectin PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS.Fabaceae: The large family of plants characterized by pods. Some are edible and some cause LATHYRISM or FAVISM and other forms of poisoning. Other species yield useful materials like gums from ACACIA and various LECTINS like PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS from PHASEOLUS. Many of them harbor NITROGEN FIXATION bacteria on their roots. Many but not all species of "beans" belong to this family.Plants, Medicinal: Plants whose roots, leaves, seeds, bark, or other constituent parts possess therapeutic, tonic, purgative, curative or other pharmacologic attributes, when administered to man or animals.Light: That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared range.Gene Pool: The total genetic information possessed by the reproductive members of a POPULATION of sexually reproducing organisms.MissouriSunlight: Irradiation directly from the sun.Pesticides: Chemicals used to destroy pests of any sort. The concept includes fungicides (FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL); INSECTICIDES; RODENTICIDES; etc.Epidermis: The external, nonvascular layer of the skin. It is made up, from within outward, of five layers of EPITHELIUM: (1) basal layer (stratum basale epidermidis); (2) spinous layer (stratum spinosum epidermidis); (3) granular layer (stratum granulosum epidermidis); (4) clear layer (stratum lucidum epidermidis); and (5) horny layer (stratum corneum epidermidis).

Gas exchange by pods and subtending leaves and internal recycling of CO(2) by pods of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) subjected to water deficits. (1/373)

Terminal drought markedly reduces leaf photosynthesis of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) during seed filling. A study was initiated to determine whether photosynthesis and internal recycling of CO(2) by the pods can compensate for the low rate of photosynthesis in leaves under water deficits. The influence of water deficits on the rates of photosynthesis and transpiration of pods and subtending leaves in chickpea (cv. Sona) was investigated in two naturally-lit, temperature-controlled glasshouses. At values of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) of 900 micromol m(-2) s(-1) and higher, the rate of net photosynthesis of subtending leaves of 10-d-old pods was 24 and 6 micromol m(-2) s(-1) in the well-watered (WW) and water-stressed (WS) plants when the covered-leaf water potential (Psi) was -0.6 and -1.4 MPa, respectively. Leaf photosynthesis further decreased to 4.5 and 0.5 micromol m(-2) s(-1) as Psi decreased to -2.3 and -3.3 MPa, respectively. At 900--1500 micromol m(-2) s(-1) PAR, the net photosynthetic rate of 10-d-old pods was 0.9-1.0 micromol m(-2) s(-1) in the WW plants and was -0.1 to -0.8 micromol m(-2) s(-1) in the WS plants. The photosynthetic rates of both pods and subtending leaves decreased with age, but the rate of transpiration of the pods increased with age. The rates of respiration and net photosynthesis inside the pods were estimated by measuring the changes in the internal concentration of CO(2) of covered and uncovered pods during the day. Both the WW and WS pods had similar values of internal net photosynthesis, but the WS pods showed significantly higher rates of respiration suggesting that the WS pods had higher gross photosynthetic rates than the WW pods, particularly in the late afternoon. When (13)CO(2) was injected into the gas space inside the pod, nearly 80% of the labelled carbon 24 h after injection was observed in the pod wall in both the WW and WS plants. After 144 h the proportion of (13)C in the seed had increased from 19% to 32% in both treatments. The results suggest that internal recycling of CO(2) inside the pod may assist in maintaining seed filling in water-stressed chickpea.  (+info)

Leaf ureide degradation and N(2) fixation tolerance to water deficit in soybean. (2/373)

Accumulation of ureides in leaves is associated with the sensitivity of N(2) fixation in soybean to soil water deficit. Consequently, ureide degradation in leaves may be a key to increasing soybean tolerance to dry soils. Previous research indicated that allantoic acid degradation is catalysed by different enzymes in cultivars Maple Arrow and Williams. The enzyme found in Williams requires manganese as a cofactor. The first objective of this study was to determine if the two degradation pathways were associated with differences in N(2) sensitivity to soil water deficits. N(2) fixation of Williams grown on low-Mn soil was sensitive to stress, but it was relatively tolerant when grown on soil amended with Mn. N(2) fixation in Maple Arrow was relatively tolerant of soil drying regardless of the Mn treatment. The second objective of this study was to expand the study of the degradation pathway to nine additional genotypes. Based on ureide degradation in the presence and absence of Mn, these genotypes also segregated for the two degradation pathways. Those genotypes with the Mn-dependent pathway tended to have drought-sensitive N(2) fixation, but there was one exception. The genotypes not requiring Mn for ureide degradation were drought-tolerant except for one genotype. These results demonstrated the possibility for increasing N(2) fixation tolerance to soil water deficits in soybean by selection of lines with high ureide degradation rates, which were commonly associated with the Mn-independent pathway.  (+info)

Identification of causal relationships among traits related to drought resistance in Stylosanthes scabra using QTL analysis. (3/373)

Previous studies have shown that a negative relationship exists between transpiration efficiency (TE) and carbon isotope discrimination (Delta) and between TE and specific leaf area (SLA) in Stylosanthes scabra. A glasshouse experiment was conducted to confirm these relationships in an F(2) population and to study the causal nature of these relationships through quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis. One hundred and twenty F(2) genotypes from a cross between two genotypes within S. scabra were used. Three replications for each genotype were maintained through vegetative propagation. Water stress was imposed by maintaining plants at 40% of field capacity for about 45 d. To facilitate QTL analysis, a genetic linkage map consisting of 151 RAPD markers was developed. Results from this study show that Delta was significantly and negatively correlated with TE and biomass production. Similarly, SLA showed significant negative correlation with TE and biomass production. Most of the QTL for TE and Delta were present on linkage groups 5 and 11. Similarly, QTL for SLA, transpiration and biomass productivity traits were clustered on linkage groups 13 and 24. One unlinked marker was also associated with these traits. There were several markers coincident between different traits. At all the coincident QTL, the direction of QTL effects was consistent with phenotypic data. At the coincident markers between TE and Delta, high alleles of TE were associated with low alleles of Delta. Similarly, low alleles of SLA were associated with high alleles of biomass productivity traits and transpiration. At the coincident markers between trans-4-hydroxy-N:-methyl proline (MHP) and relative water content (RWC), low alleles of MHP were associated with high alleles of RWC. This study suggests the causal nature of the relationship between TE and Delta. Phenotypic data and QTL data show that SLA was more closely associated with biomass production than with TE. This study also shows that a cause-effect relationship may exist between SLA and biomass production.  (+info)

Abscisic acid induces a decline in nitrogen fixation that involves leghaemoglobin, but is independent of sucrose synthase activity. (4/373)

Sucrose synthase (SS) activity has been suggested to be a key point of regulation in nodule metabolism since this enzyme is down-regulated in response to different stresses which lead to decreased nitrogen fixation. In soybean, a dramatic decline of SS transcripts has been observed within 1 d from the onset of drought. Such a quick response suggests mediation by a signal transduction molecule. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a likely candidate to act as such a molecule as it mediates in a significant number of plant responses to environmental constraints. The hypothesis of ABA controlling nodule metabolism was approached in this work by assessing nodule responses to exogenous ABA supply in pea. Under the experimental conditions, ABA did not affect plant biomass, nodule numbers or dry weight. However, nitrogen fixation rate was reduced by 70% within 5 d and by 80% after 9 d leading to a reduced plant organic nitrogen content. Leghaemoglobin (Lb) content declined in parallel with that of nitrogen fixation. SS activity, however, was not affected by ABA treatment, and neither were the activities of the enzymes aspartate amino transferase, alkaline invertase, malate dehydrogenase, glutamate synthase, uridine diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and glutamine synthetase. Nodule bacteroid-soluble protein content was reduced in nodules only after 9 d of ABA treatment. These results do not support the hypothesis that ABA directly regulates SS activity. However, they do suggest the occurrence of at least two different control pathways in nodules under environmental constraints, which include ABA being involved in a Lb/oxygen-related control of nitrogen fixation.  (+info)

Acclimation of plants to light gradients in leaf canopies: evidence for a possible role for cytokinins transported in the transpiration stream. (5/373)

The mechanism of response of plants to vertical light intensity gradients in leaf canopies was investigated. Since shaded leaves transpire less than leaves in high light, it was hypothesized that cytokinins (CKs) carried by mass transport in the transpiration stream would be distributed over the leaf area of partially shaded plants parallel to the gradient in light intensity. It was also hypothesized that this causes the distribution of leaf growth, leaf N and photosynthetic capacity, and possibly chloroplast acclimation as observed in plants growing in leaf canopies. In a field experiment, the distribution of Ca, N and CKs in a bean leaf canopy of a dense and an open stand supported the concept of a role for CKs in the response of N allocation to the light gradient when a decreasing sensitivity for CKs with increasing leaf age is assumed. Both shading of one leaf of the pair of primary bean leaves and independent reduction of its transpiration rate in a growth cabinet experiment caused lower dry mass, N and Ca per unit leaf area in comparison to the opposite not treated leaf. Shading caused a parallel reduction in CK concentration, which supports the hypothesis, but independent reduction of transpiration rate failed to do the same. Application of benzylaminopurine (BA) counteracted the reduction caused by shade of leaf N, photosynthetic capacity and leaf area growth. The experiments show an important role for the transpiration stream in the response of plants to light gradients. Evidence is presented here that CKs carried in the transpiration stream may be important mediators for the acclimation of plants to leaf canopy density.  (+info)

Distribution and mobility of aluminium in an Al-accumulating plant, Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. (6/373)

Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. cv. Jianxi) accumulates high concentrations of Al in the leaves without showing any toxicity. To understand the accumulation mechanism of Al in buckwheat, the distribution and mobility of Al in buckwheat were investigated. Relatively long-term treatment (28 d) with Al led to a decrease in Al concentration from old to young leaves, while a short-term (1 d) exposure to Al resulted in a uniform distribution of Al in the leaves. When the fourth leaf was wrapped inside a transparent plastic bag to suppress transpiration, the Al concentration of this leaf was only one-quarter of that in the corresponding leaf without wrapping. Within a leaf, the Al concentration at the margins was much higher than that in the centre. These results indicate that Al distribution in the leaves is controlled by both rate and duration of transpiration. The mobility of Al between old and new leaves was studied by first growing plants in a solution with Al, followed by culture in a solution without Al. The Al content in the two new leaves appeared after removal of external Al was very low, whereas that in the old leaves did not decrease but continued to increase. The increased Al content was found to be translocated from Al remaining in the roots. It is concluded that Al is not mobile once it is accumulated in the leaf.  (+info)

Boron supply into wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Wilgoyne) ears whilst still enclosed within leaf sheaths. (7/373)

The present study investigates whether there is significant remobilization of (10)B previously loaded in the flag and penultimate leaves into the young, actively growing ear enclosed within the sheaths of flag and penultimate leaves. It also explores whether B transport into the enclosed ear declines when air humidity in the shoot canopy increases. After 5 d (10)B labelling during the period from early to full emergence of the flag leaf, the plants were transferred into nutrient solutions containing either 10 microM (11)B or no added B for 3 d. Regardless of the subsequent B supply levels to the roots, (10)B contents in the ear continued to increase by up to 5-fold 3 d after the end of (10)B supply in the nutrient solution. During these 3 d, the ear experienced a rapid increase in biomass. However, the majority of B in the ear during the 3 d treatment period was from the newly acquired (11)B from root uptake, rather than retranslocation of (10)B previously deposited in the leaves. By comparing the relative distribution of (10)B, Rb (xylem-to-phloem transfer marker) and Sr (xylem-marker) in the ear and the flag leaf, the distribution of (10)B resembled that of Rb more than Sr. Canopy cover treatment greatly suppressed leaf transpiration and decreased the amount of newly acquired (10)B in the flag leaf and the ear, but not in the upper stem segments. The results suggest that whilst the young ear was still fully enclosed within the leaf sheaths without any significant transpiration activity, B transport into the ear is predominantly dependent on the long-distance B transport in the xylem driven by leaf transpiration and, therefore, on concurrent B uptake from the roots.  (+info)

Transpiration rate. An important factor controlling the sucrose content of the guard cell apoplast of broad bean. (8/373)

Evaporation of water from the guard cell wall concentrates apoplastic solutes. We hypothesize that this phenomenon provides two mechanisms for responding to high transpiration rates. First, apoplastic abscisic acid is concentrated in the guard cell wall. Second, by accumulating in the guard cell wall, apoplastic sucrose (Suc) provides a direct osmotic feedback to guard cells. As a means of testing this second hypothesized mechanism, the guard cell Suc contents at a higher transpiration rate (60% relative humidity [RH]) were compared with those at a lower transpiration rate (90% RH) in broad bean (Vicia faba), an apoplastic phloem loader. In control plants (constant 60% RH), the guard cell apoplast Suc content increased from 97 +/- 81 femtomol (fmol) guard cell pair(-1) to 701 +/- 142 fmol guard cell pair(-1) between daybreak and midday. This increase is equivalent to approximately 150 mM external, which is sufficient to decrease stomatal aperture size. In plants that were shifted to 90% RH before daybreak, the guard cell apoplast Suc content did not increase during the day. In accordance, in plants that were shifted to 90% RH at midday, the guard cell apoplast Suc content declined to the daybreak value. Under all conditions, the guard cell symplast Suc content increased during the photoperiod, but the guard cell symplast Suc content was higher (836 +/- 33 fmol guard cell pair(-1)) in plants that were shifted to 90% RH. These results indicate that a high transpiration rate may result in a high guard cell apoplast Suc concentration, which diminishes stomatal aperture size.  (+info)

Plant transpiration - Stock Image C026/8353 - Science Photo LibraryPlant transpiration - Stock Image C026/8353 - Science Photo Library
Experiment demonstrating plant transpiration. A plastic bag has been secured over the branches of a pot plant. The inside of the bag has condensation on it from water transpired from the plants leaves. Transpiration is the evaporation of water from pores called stomata in leaves. The pores open to allow carbon dioxide to enter the plant for use in photosynthesis, but this also leads to the loss of water. - Stock Image C026/8353
Grape berry transpiration: determinant factors, developmental changes, and influences on berry ripening | International Society...Grape berry transpiration: determinant factors, developmental changes, and influences on berry ripening | International Society...
Genetically diverse Vitis cultivars were used to investigate developmental changes and factors determining grape berry transpiration. Vapor pressure deficit was the main determinant driving berry transpiration and caused daily fluctuations of transpiration rate. Berries of various cultivars shared similar developmental patterns of transpiration and cuticular conductance. The transpiration rate berry-1 and, to a lesser extent, the cuticular conductance, peaked when the skin color of berries was red/purple (about 13 °Brix) and then declined with further ripening. The positive linear relationship between berry transpiration rate and surface area weakened after berries matured, due to a decline in cuticular conductance during late ripening. Differences among cultivars also existed. Vitis labruscana Concord berries consistently had much lower cuticular conductance than V. vinifera Merlot and Syrah berries. Across 10 cultivars, berry transpiration accounted for a daily loss of 2 to 3% of berry ...
The Energy Budget at the Earths Surface: Diffusive Resistances At, and Transpiration Rates from, Leaves in Situ within the...The Energy Budget at the Earth's Surface: Diffusive Resistances At, and Transpiration Rates from, Leaves in Situ within the...
At several heights and times of day within a crop of Zea mays, internal leaf diffusion resistance (r sub phi) and external boundary layer diffusion resistance (r sub a) were evaluated by measuring the temperature of a transpiring and a non-transpiring leaf (simulated by covering both sides of a normal lead with strips of polyethylene tape), and by measuring the immediate air temperature, humidity and windspeed. Both r sub a and r sub phi increased with depth into the crop. However, r sub a generally was less than 10 per cent of r sub phi. Profiles of latent-heat flux density and source intensity of transpiration showed that transpiration corresponded roughly to foliage distribution (with an upward shift) and were not similar to the profile of radiation absorption. The data were compared with heat budget data. The two approaches hielded quite similar height distributions of transpiration per unit leaf area and total transpiration resistance. The total crop resistance to transpiration was computed as
Test of the deuterium tracer method used in the determination of transpiration rates in trees and a comparison of the rate of...Test of the deuterium tracer method used in the determination of transpiration rates in trees and a comparison of the rate of...
Foord, J. 1999. Test of the deuterium tracer method used in the determination of transpiration rates in trees and a comparison of the rate of transpiration of Acacia mearnsii and Leucospermum conocarpodendron. University of Cape Town ...
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In plants, many cuticle-associated mutants have been reported (Kosma and Jenks, 2007), but none of these exhibited reduced transpiration rates, improved WUE, and elevated tolerance to drought-like conditions. The cer9 mutant reported here shows delayed leaf wilting when exposed to increasing water deprivation, which was associated with reduced whole plant transpiration rates regardless of whether stomata were open (in the light) or closed (in the dark). Moreover, the cer9 mutant had higher WUE (less-negative δ13C), while no other cuticle mutants we examined here (even those with known cuticle permeability defects) showed any change in WUE. Besides a dramatic elevation in the VLCFA pool of the cuticular waxes of the cer9 mutant, cer9 also possessed major changes in the cutin monomer composition and a highly modified cuticle membrane ultrastructure. The total cutin monomer amount on the stem of cer9 was 1.6-fold greater than on the wild type, and the stem cuticle membrane thickness was comparably ...
Investigating transpiration with a potometerInvestigating transpiration with a potometer
In this practical experiment, students look at how at potometer can be used to measure factors affecting transpiration rates, and develop investigations to compare the transpiration rates under different circumstances.
Explain the transpiration pull theory. - Biology DiscussionExplain the transpiration pull theory. - Biology Discussion
Transpiration Pulls. It is the pulling force responsible for lifting the water column. As water is lost in form of water vapour to atmosphere from the mesophyll cells by transpiration, a negative hydrostatic pressure is created in the mesophyll cells which in turn draw water from veins of the leaves.. The negative tension is then gradually transmitted downwards via xylem tissues of the leaf, stem and finally to the roots. As a result there is a continuous upward movement of water column in the plant. 1 atm. pressure can raise water to a height of more than 32ft. So a tension of 13 atm is needed to raise water to a height of 416 feet, scientist have measured this tension to be more than 75 atm. in case of trees, more than 400 feet in height.. Thus the transpiration pull acts as pull from above on the-whole of water column of the plant which pushes the water column of xylem vessels of roots lowers leaves i.e. in an upward direction. This is how ascent of sap is affected in plants.. ...
Transpiration | Experiment #13 from Agricultural Science with VernierTranspiration | Experiment #13 from Agricultural Science with Vernier
AWV #13: In this experiment, you will Observe how transpiration relates to the overall process of water transport in plants. Use a Gas Pressure Sensor to measure the rate of transpiration. Determine the effect of light intensity, humidity, wind, and temperature on the rate of transpiration of a plant cutting.
Asian Palm Civet - Encyclopedia of LifeAsian Palm Civet - Encyclopedia of Life
Definition: Monthly PET (Potential Evapotranspiration Rate) within the geographic range of a taxon. Evapotranspiration (ET) is the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration from the Earths land surface to atmosphere. Potential evapotranspiration (PET) is a representation of the environmental demand for evapotranspiration and represents the evapotranspiration rate of a short green crop, completely shading the ground, of uniform height and with adequate water status in the soil profile. It is a reflection of the energy available to evaporate water, and of the wind available to transport the water vapour from the ground up into the lower atmosphere ...
Spalax zemni (Erxleben 1777) - Encyclopedia of LifeSpalax zemni (Erxleben 1777) - Encyclopedia of Life
Definition: Monthly PET (Potential Evapotranspiration Rate) within the geographic range of a taxon. Evapotranspiration (ET) is the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration from the Earths land surface to atmosphere. Potential evapotranspiration (PET) is a representation of the environmental demand for evapotranspiration and represents the evapotranspiration rate of a short green crop, completely shading the ground, of uniform height and with adequate water status in the soil profile. It is a reflection of the energy available to evaporate water, and of the wind available to transport the water vapour from the ground up into the lower atmosphere ...
Difference between revisions of BISC 111/113:Statistics and Graphing - OpenWetWareDifference between revisions of "BISC 111/113:Statistics and Graphing" - OpenWetWare
To run the model click on Run Model Scroll down through the output until you find Effects Tests: Copy and paste this table into a word doc for later use. To do this, click on the white cross symbol in the formatting bar then place this cross over the inverted triangle to the left of Effects Test and click. The Effects test table should be highlighted in blue. Under the edit menu select Copy and then paste the table into a word file for later use in your results. Look at each effect. Remember that the null hypothesis for the Treatment effect row is that there is no effect of environmental conditions (HLHW vs. LLLW) on transpiration rate (or total resistance). You would not reject this null hypothesis if the P value (Prob , F) is greater than 0.05. For the Plant row, the null hypothesis is that there is no significant difference among the plant species in transpiration rate, and again you would fail to reject this null hypothesis if the P value (Prob , F) is greater than 0.05. For the interaction ...
Difference between revisions of BISC 111/113:Statistics and Graphing - OpenWetWareDifference between revisions of "BISC 111/113:Statistics and Graphing" - OpenWetWare
To run the model click on Run Model Scroll down through the output until you find Effects Tests: Copy and paste this table into a word doc for later use. To do this, click on the white cross symbol in the formatting bar then place this cross over the inverted triangle to the left of Effects Test and click. The Effects test table should be highlighted in blue. Under the edit menu select Copy and then paste the table into a word file for later use in your results. Look at each effect. Remember that the null hypothesis for the Treatment effect row is that there is no effect of environmental conditions (HLHW vs. LLLW) on transpiration rate (or total resistance). You would not reject this null hypothesis if the P value (Prob , F) is greater than 0.05. For the Plant row, the null hypothesis is that there is no significant difference among the plant species in transpiration rate, and again you would fail to reject this null hypothesis if the P value (Prob , F) is greater than 0.05. For the interaction ...
A Negative Hydraulic Message from Oxygen-Deficient Roots of Tomato Plants? (Influence of Soil Flooding on Leaf Water Potential,...A Negative Hydraulic Message from Oxygen-Deficient Roots of Tomato Plants? (Influence of Soil Flooding on Leaf Water Potential,...
Four to 10 h of soil flooding delayed and suppressed the normal daily increase in root hydraulic conductance (Lp) in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Ailsa Craig) plants. The resulting short-term loss of synchrony between Lp and stomatal conductance decreased leaf water potential ([psi]L) relative to well-drained plants within 2 h. A decrease in [psi]L persisted for 8 h and was mirrored by decreased leaf thickness measured using linear displacement transducers. After 10 h of flooding, further closing of stomata and re-convergence of Lp in flooded and well-drained roots returned [psi]L to control values. In the second photoperiod, Lp in flooded plants exceeded that in well-drained plants in association with much increased Lp and decreased stomatal conductance. Pneumatic balancing pressure applied to roots of intact flooded plants to prevent temporary loss of [psi]L in the 1st d did not modify the patterns of stomatal closure or leaf expansion. Thus, the magnitude of the early negative ...
Orchestration of transpiration, growth and carbohydrate dynamics in rice during a dry-down cycle - GOV.UKOrchestration of transpiration, growth and carbohydrate dynamics in rice during a dry-down cycle - GOV.UK
The regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and source-sink relationships among organs play a key role in plant adaptation to drought. This study aimed at characterising the dynamics of transpiration, development, growth and carbon metabolism, as well as the expression of invertase genes, in response to drought during a dry-down cycle. Three 1-month experiments were conducted in controlled environment using the rice genotype IR64 (Oryza sativa L., indica). Plant leaf relative transpiration and expansion rates decreased linearly when fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) dropped below 0.66 and 0.58, respectively. Hexose and starch concentration responses to FTSW in a given organ were generally linear and opposite: in source leaves, hexose concentration increased and starch decreased, and vice versa in sink leaves and roots. Sucrose remained constant in source leaves and increased slightly in sink leaves. Starch reserves built up during stress in sink organs were rapidly mobilised upon ...
What are the advantages and disadvantages of transpiration? - CBSE Class 11 Biology - Learn CBSE ForumWhat are the advantages and disadvantages of transpiration? - CBSE Class 11 Biology - Learn CBSE Forum
What are the advantages and disadvantages of transpiration ? OR "Transpiration is a necessary evil". Justify the statement.
walkablewalkable
Fig 1.Street trees increase property values while helping with water absorption.. The change. A natural site absorbs about 20% of the rainwater in its top soil and gives off about 80% of it through plant transpiration and evaporation. Everything on the site gets soaked temporarily and later dries up. Occasionally, some of the water trickles away to the nearest low point or stream. In most cases though, 90 to 100 percent of the water stays on site quenches the plants and recharges the aquifer. Then, in comes the subdivision, the new neighbourhood. Once completed, some 60% of the rain runs off. The cause for this is straightforward: buildings and roads cover 30 to 40% of the site and the plants of the covered portion go missing (plus a few more); fewer chances to absorb water, more flows out. The more compact the development the bigger the proportion of cover and the larger the water volume that escapes. Were it simply water that left the site, the outcomes would not be so worrisome. But runoff ...
Project : USDA ARSProject : USDA ARS
OBJECTIVE 1: Wheat mutants, hypersensitive to abscisic acid (ABA) were characterized using ABA dose-response germination experiments, stomatal closure assays, and carbon isotope discrimination. One mutant showed a reproducible stomatal closure in response to ABA application resulting in measured increase in transpiration efficiency, indicating that it may be more drought tolerant. Drought tolerance experiments were established in the field in 2008. The role of the plant hormone, Giberellin in seed germination and plant height was investigated. The DELLA protein, RGA was shown to be controlled by protein-protein interaction with GA receptor GID1 in Arabidopsis. GID1 can deactivate germination-specific DELLA protein RGL2. The effect of GID1 on seed dormancy is similar to the effect of after-ripening suggesting the processes may share underlying mechanisms. OBJECTIVE 2: 105,797 molecular marker datapoints have been provided to wheat and barley researchers as follows: 6,659 (CA), 32,546 (ID), 9,642 ...
Seasonal Changes in Transpiration and Soil Water Content in a Spruce Primeval Forest During a Dry Period | Springer for...Seasonal Changes in Transpiration and Soil Water Content in a Spruce Primeval Forest During a Dry Period | Springer for...
Transpiration covers approximately half of the annual precipitation total under humid temperate conditions in Europe (Denmead and Shaw 1962). The energetic equivalent of this amount of transpired...
Diurnal courses of photosynthesis, transpiration and diffusive conductance in the single-leaf of the rice plants grown in the...Diurnal courses of photosynthesis, transpiration and diffusive conductance in the single-leaf of the rice plants grown in the...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Diurnal courses of photosynthesis, transpiration and diffusive conductance in the single-leaf of the rice plants grown in the paddy field under submerged condition. AU - Saitou, Kuniyuki. PY - 1987. Y1 - 1987. M3 - Article. VL - 56. SP - 8. EP - 8. JO - Japanese Journal of Crop Science. JF - Japanese Journal of Crop Science. IS - 1. ER - ...
What is the difference between evaporation and transpiration? | Reference.comWhat is the difference between evaporation and transpiration? | Reference.com
Although both are methods by which liquid water transitions into a gas, evaporation describes the process in which heat changes standing water into water vapor, while transpiration refers to the...
Poiseuille Flow and Thermal Transpiration of a Rarefied Gas Between Parallel Plates: Effect of Nonuniform Surface Properties of...Poiseuille Flow and Thermal Transpiration of a Rarefied Gas Between Parallel Plates: Effect of Nonuniform Surface Properties of...
Poiseuille flow and thermal transpiration of a rarefied gas between parallel plates with nonuniform surface properties in the transverse direction are studied based on kinetic theory. We considered a simplified model in which one wall is a diffuse reflection boundary and the other wall is a Maxwell-type boundary on which the accommodation coefficient varies periodically and smoothly in the transverse direction. The spatially two-dimensional (2D) problem in the cross section is studied numerically based on the linearized Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook-Welander (BGKW) model of the Boltzmann equation. The flow behavior, i.e., the macroscopic flow velocity and the mass flow rate of the gas as well as the velocity distribution function, is studied over a wide range of the mean free path of the gas and the parameters of the distribution of the accommodation coefficient. The mass flow rate of the gas is approximated by a simple formula consisting of the data of the spatially one-dimensional (1D) problems. When ...
The influence of acid mist upon transpiration shoot water potential and pressure-volume curves of red spruce seedlings. - NERC...The influence of acid mist upon transpiration shoot water potential and pressure-volume curves of red spruce seedlings. - NERC...
Widespread forest decline has been documented in Europe and NE-U.S.A. (Johnson,1987; Woodman, 1987). This decline increases with increasing altitude (Mc-Laughlin, 1985). One hypothesis to explain the decline and its altitude dependence is that excessive proton input has a deleterious effect upon tree growth. Acid input to the foliage and soil via wet and dry deposition may be a major factor in causing decline directly or indirectly by predisposing the tree to additional biotic and/or abiotic stress factors. The maintenance of a favorable water status is a priority for continued growth and survival, and many of the symptoms associated with forest decline (crown thinning, root necroses) may be expected to influence plant water status. This paper presents some of the results of a detailed study of the influence of acid mist on the water relations of red spruce seedlings.. ...
4.1 Nutrient requirements and root architecture4.1 Nutrient requirements and root architecture
Diffusion occurs along a concentration gradient, over relatively short distances (in the order of 1 cm). As roots take up nutrients and ions from the soil a depletion zone can be established allowing diffusion to occur into the depletion zone. The rate of diffusion depends on how fast the roots are taking up the nutrient, how much of the nutrient is present in the soil (this determines the steepness of the concentration gradient that forms) and also on the mobility of the ions by diffusion. Soluble ions would take about a day to diffuse 1 cm; ions bound to the soil matrix would take longer. For examples, Marscher and Rengel (2012) show that nitrate by diffusion in a typical soil travels 3 mm in a day, potassium about 1 mm in a day, and phosphate moves only about 0.1 mm in a day. This illustrates the importance of root hairs in intercepting and accessing phosphate.. Mass flow is driven by the uptake of water caused by the transpiration rate of the plants and can occur over long distances. Many ...
OCR F211/F212 AS Biology Retake 2016 - Page 13 - The Student RoomOCR F211/F212 AS Biology Retake 2016 - Page 13 - The Student Room
I dont see how this paper no matter if there were retakes or not could get to 48 for an A? I have never seen a grade boundary so high plus it was a very weird paper. Also I got DABE, for the cells I put pallisade and guard cells. For the heart I know i got it wrong I put aorta atrium and ventricle walls. For the part about the component of the membrane I put the hydrophobic tail which Im saying is wrong at the moment but I feel it is a component of the plasma membrane so input would be duly needed in that case. For the question about water up the moss in the exam I couldnt think of where it says that the only way the transpiration stream works if if there is a xylem so I went on about the tension from evaporation at the top etc. I will look in my textbook to see if that only works with the xylem Im not too sure. I got 117 micro metres for the thickness of the artery. Anaphase too. I got Z for the transmission and A was the scanning in my opinion because of the 3D image. Any other questions I ...
The Transpiration of Water at Negative Pressures in a Synthetic Tree - PubMedThe Transpiration of Water at Negative Pressures in a Synthetic Tree - PubMed
Plant scientists believe that transpiration-the motion of water from the soil, through a vascular plant, and into the air-occurs by a passive, wicking mechanism. This mechanism is described by the cohesion-tension theory: loss of water by evaporation reduces the pressure of the liquid water within t …
Highlight Submission SystemHighlight Submission System
In this paper, scientists from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory employ the newly developed technique in their lab termed dynamic 13C-pulse chase to evaluate the potential existence of the complete C1 pathway and its integration with C2/3 metabolism in individual branches of a tropical pioneer species using aqueous solutions of 13C-labeled C1 (methanol, formaldehyde, formic acid) and C2 (acetic acid, glycine) intermediates delivered via the transpiration stream. They confirm that methanol initiates the complete C1 pathway in plants (methanol, formaldehyde, formic acid, carbon dioxide) by providing the first real-time dynamic 13C-labeling data showing their interdependence. The team present novel aspects about the pathway including the rapid interconversion between methanol and formaldehyde, whereas once oxidation to formate occurs, it is quickly oxidized to CO2 within chloroplasts where it can be re-assimilated by photosynthesis. We show for the first time that reassimilation of C1, ...
Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata | ProtocolRegulation of Transpiration by Stomata | Protocol
JoVE publishes peer-reviewed scientific video protocols to accelerate biological, medical, chemical and physical research. Watch our scientific video articles.
Winter Sowing for the First TimeWinter Sowing for the First Time
When setting the containers outside, dont place them under awnings or overhangs where melting snow might over-water them. When spring rains arrive you will want to again protect them from being over-watered. Condensation build-up inside is a good thing. If there is no condensation, it either means that you have too many transpiration holes (tape over some of them if this is the case) or your soil is drying out. If the soil is drying out, use a spray bottle to gently mist the inside of the container through the top opening, you dont want to disturb seed placement. As spring arrives, and the air warms up, your transpiration holes should be made bigger and bigger, until you remove the top of your container entirely. This is the winter sowing way to "harden off" your plants. After they are hardened off, simply plant your transplants out in the garden ...
iGCSE Biology - Transport in plantsiGCSE Biology - Transport in plants
You need to know an experiment that can show the effect of the above factors on the rate of transpiration. The best experiment is a potometer, which measures how quickly a little bubble of air moves up a glass tube attached to the bottom of the stem. Adding a fan, changing the humidity, increasing the temperature etc will all change the speed the bubble moves up the tube ...
Custom Water QC Standards - Water QC StandardsCustom Water QC Standards - Water QC Standards
Were happy to manufacture nearly any solution in bulk quantities. This prevents the need for repeat labor, which in turn saves you money. Because all of our products are packaged and shipped using Transpiration Control Technology, your custom solution arrives with a four-year shelf life, regardless of shipping or storage conditions. The one-year expiration clock starts when you open the bag, so order with confidence and never worry about running out of your custom standard again!. ...
CiNii 論文 - An Estimation of Tomato Transpiration for Effective Fertigation Management System...CiNii 論文 - An Estimation of Tomato Transpiration for Effective Fertigation Management System...
Chanseetis Charturong , Shinohara Yutaka , Maruo Toru , TAKAGAKI Michiko , HOHJO Masaaki Environment control in biology 43(1), 13-20, 2005-03-31 参考文献15件 被引用文献2件 ...
The Innovators Guide to Growth - 企業管理 | 誠品網路書店The Innovator's Guide to Growth - 企業管理 | 誠品網路書店
The Innovators Guide to Growth，企業管理，Anthony, Scott D./ Johnson, Mark W./ Sinfield, Joseph V./ Altman, Elizabeth J.，HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PRESS，，誠品網路書店，9781591398462
Ash, carbon isotope discrimination, and silicon as estimators of transpiration efficiency in crested wheatgrass - NWISRL...Ash, carbon isotope discrimination, and silicon as estimators of transpiration efficiency in crested wheatgrass - NWISRL...
Breeding and selection for higher transpiration efficiency (W) has been hampered by tedious and costly methodology. Rapid and less costly methods are needed for screening W in plant improvement programmes. We report the relationship of ash, silicon (Si) concentration, and Si uptake to W in crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum [Fischer ex Link] Schultes), an important C3 range grass in western North America. Clones of crested wheatgrass were grown under three water levels in a field rainout shelter and as potted plants under two water levels in the field and greenhouse. Ash and Si concentrations were compared to previously determined values of shoot mass, transpiration, W, and carbon isotope discrimination (A). Ash and Si concentrations were not consistently related to ? and W across all environments; however, ash concentration was positively correlated with ? (r=0•69**, df = 22) and negatively correlated with W (r= -0•61**, df=22) in the well-watered field environment. Across all ...
Plant Transpiration Archives - Botany StudiesPlant Transpiration Archives - Botany Studies
Following factors affect the rate of transpiration: (a) External factors Humidity of air Water is evaporated through the stomata. This follows the simple law of diffusion. Ibis diffusion can take place only if the water vapor content of the outer atmosphere is less than that of the inter-cellular spaces of the leaf. Transpiration is negligible in an atmosphere saturated with .... Read More » ...
Pulmonary transpiration | definition of pulmonary transpiration by Medical dictionaryPulmonary transpiration | definition of pulmonary transpiration by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of pulmonary transpiration in the Medical Dictionary? pulmonary transpiration explanation free. What is pulmonary transpiration? Meaning of pulmonary transpiration medical term. What does pulmonary transpiration mean?
Pulmonary transpiration | Article about pulmonary transpiration by The Free DictionaryPulmonary transpiration | Article about pulmonary transpiration by The Free Dictionary
Looking for pulmonary transpiration? Find out information about pulmonary transpiration. in botany, the loss of water by evaporation in terrestrial plants. Some evaporation occurs directly through the exposed walls of surface cells, but the... Explanation of pulmonary transpiration
11 TRANSPIRATION 2009 - Transpiration LAB Phaseolus vulgaris L(Be plant an Obje s ctive stigatethee ct of low light and high...11 TRANSPIRATION 2009 - Transpiration LAB Phaseolus vulgaris L(Be plant an Obje s ctive stigatethee ct of low light and high...
View Notes - 11 TRANSPIRATION 2009 from BIO 49125 at University of Texas. Transpiration LAB Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Be plant) an Obje s ctive stigatethee ct of low light and high light inte ffe nsity
Search Results for variability | ASHSSearch Results for variability | ASHS
The sensitivity of water stress indicators to changing moisture availability, and their variability, determine the number of measurements that should be taken in order to represent properly plant water status in a certain orchard. In the present study we examined the sensitivity and variability of maximum daily trunk shrinkage, midday stem water potential, and daily transpiration rate in their responses to withholding irrigation from field-grown drip-irrigated `Golden delicious apple trees in a commercial orchard. Irrigation was withheld from the stressed trees for 17 days starting in mid-July, and the control trees were irrigated daily at 100% of the "Class A" pan evaporation rate. The courses of daily transpiration rate, maximum trunk shrinkage, and midday stem water potential before and 10 days after the drying period were similar in the control and the stressed trees. Highly significant differences between the stressed and the control trees in their midday stem water potentials were ...
Transpiration Experiment | Science Project | Education.comTranspiration Experiment | Science Project | Education.com
In this enlightening transpiration experiment, kids will explore how the loss of water from plants through transpiration contributes to the water cycle.
Effects of Enhanced UV-B and He-Ne Laser on Leaf Microstructure and Photosynthesis in Wheat--《Acta Botanica Boreali...Effects of Enhanced UV-B and He-Ne Laser on Leaf Microstructure and Photosynthesis in Wheat--《Acta Botanica Boreali...
The seedlings of wheat(Jinmai 47)were exposed to He-Ne laser irradiation(L) with 5 mW·mm-2 power density after enhanced UV-B radiation(10.08 kJ·m-2·d-1).The micro-structure characteristics of wheat leave tissue were studied by the method of paraffin wax section.Meanwhile,the photosynthesis characteristics and water use conditions of wheat seedlings were studied.Here are the results:(1)Compared with CK,the epidermic cells and tentacles of UV-B treatment(B) and compound treatment(BL) arrange closely.Stomas are small,sparse and cave in,and leaf tissue cells more thicker,smaller and arrange closely.The ralative transverse areas of vascular bundles tend to minish.The previous characters in BL lies between CK and B.(2)The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate in B dropped notably.Compared with B,the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance in BL are on the high side,but difference in transpiration rate is not evident.On water utilization efficiency,LCKBLB.(3
THE PSYCHOLOGIST : 03/01/2016 - 04/01/2016THE PSYCHOLOGIST : 03/01/2016 - 04/01/2016
Stomatal conductance links plant water use and carbon uptake, and is a critical process for the land surface component of climate models. However, stomatal conductance schemes commonly assume that all vegetation with the same photosynthetic pathway use identical plant water use strategies whereas observations indicate otherwise. Here, we implement a new stomatal scheme derived from optimal stomatal theory and constrained by a recent global synthesis of stomatal conductance measurements from 314 species, across 56 field sites. Using this new stomatal scheme, within a global climate model, subtantially increases the intensity of future heatwaves across Northern Eurasia. This indicates that our climate model has previously been under-predicting heatwave intensity. Our results have widespread implications for other climate models, many of which do not account for differences in stomatal water-use across different plant functional types, and hence, are also likely under projecting heatwave intensity ...
Improving plants water use efficiency and potential impacts from soil structure change - research investment opportunities -...Improving plants' water use efficiency and potential impacts from soil structure change - research investment opportunities -...
2. How well do we understand the impacts of long-term irrigation on soil structure? What are the effects of soil structure change (within and around the root zone on the flow of water and rate of movement along various pathways of salts? Key issues which the NPSI Board requested should be addressed in the document were ...
Koha online catalog › Results of search for su,wrdl: Genetic variation with limit(s): su-to:Zea mays au:Banziger, M...Koha online catalog › Results of search for 'su,wrdl: 'Genetic variation'' with limit(s): 'su-to:Zea mays au:Banziger, M...
Genotypic variation for transpiration efficiency in a lowland tropical maize population by Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo (CIMMYT), Mexico DF (Mexico) , Banziger, M , Edmeades, G.O [coaut.] , Edmeades, G.O.,Banziger, M.,Mickelson, H.R.,Peña-Valdivia, C.B [eds.].. Material type: ...
Application of anti-transpirants temporarily alleviates the inhibition of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in drought-stressed pea...Application of anti-transpirants temporarily alleviates the inhibition of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in drought-stressed pea...
Stomatal closure is one of the first plant responses under a water deficit situation. This leads to a decline in transpiration but also in the plant photosynthetic activity. Legume plants grown under symbiosis with rhizobium bacteria present an inhibition of nitrogen fixation that has been shown to occur even before this of photosynthesis. One of the hypotheses to explain this rapid inhibition is the accumulation of nitrogen (N) compounds in nodules due to reduced transpiration, which would provoke the N-feedback inhibition of nitrogenase activity. The current work analyzes the effects of changes in transpiration rates in the regulation of nitrogen fixation through the application of the anti-transpirant Vapor Gard (VG) to pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants subjected to a progressive water deficit. VG produced a rapid inhibition of nitrogen fixation upon application. This inhibition, however, did not coincide with the accumulation of either amino acids or soluble carbohydrates observed at later ...
AQA AS Level Biology - simplified cards on the uptake and adaptations of xerophytes - Revision Cards in A Level and IB BiologyAQA AS Level Biology - simplified cards on the uptake and adaptations of xerophytes - Revision Cards in A Level and IB Biology
XEROPLANTS - plants that live adapted to very dry environment. Adaptations:. 1) Stomata - many have fewer which are sunken decreasing exposure to air currents so less H2O is lost by transpiration. Some xerophytes only open their stomata at night when its dark and cooler to limit H2O loss by transpiration. 2) Leaves - some have small leaves to reduce the surface area which will reduce H2O loss by transpiration. Others have vertically orientated leaves to decrease the surface area exposure to light and heat and decrease H2O lost. Other have roled leaves to prevent H2O loss and maintain humid air around the stomata. This prevents exposure to air current and reduces the water potential gradient. They also reduce surface area of the leaf that is exposed to heat, light and waind which will reduce transpiration further.. 3) Cuticle - many xerophytes have thick waxy cuticles again to prevent H2O loss. 4) Stem - some have hairs convering stem. They help shade and cool the plant leading to a reduced rate ...
LECT6 (ET) - AOM 4932 Evaporation and Transpiration Evaporation change of water from its liquid to its vapor phase Potential...LECT6 (ET) - AOM 4932 Evaporation and Transpiration Evaporation change of water from its liquid to its vapor phase Potential...
View Notes - LECT6 (ET) from AOE 4643 at University of Florida. AOM 4932 Evaporation and Transpiration Evaporation - change of water from its liquid to its vapor phase Potential Evaporation -
BG - Morphological plasticity of root growth under mild water stress increases water use efficiency without reducing yield in...BG - Morphological plasticity of root growth under mild water stress increases water use efficiency without reducing yield in...
Abstract. A large yield gap exists in rain-fed maize (Zea mays L.) production in semi-arid regions, mainly caused by frequent droughts halfway through the crop-growing period due to uneven distribution of rainfall. It is questionable whether irrigation systems are economically required in such a region since the total amount of rainfall does generally meet crop requirements. This study aimed to quantitatively determine the effects of water stress from jointing to grain filling on root and shoot growth and the consequences for maize grain yield, above- and below-ground dry matter, water uptake (WU) and water use efficiency (WUE). Pot experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015 with a mobile rain shelter to achieve conditions of no, mild or severe water stress. Maize yield was not affected by mild water stress over 2 years, while severe stress reduced yield by 56 %. Both water stress levels decreased root biomass slightly but shoot biomass substantially. Mild water stress decreased root length but ...
Imaging the Experiments on Respiration and Transpiration of Lavoisier and Séguin: Two Unknown Drawings by Madame Lavoisier » ...Imaging the Experiments on Respiration and Transpiration of Lavoisier and Séguin: Two Unknown Drawings by Madame Lavoisier » ...
This paper presents two hitherto unknown drawings by Marie-Anne-Pierrette Lavoisier dating to the early 1790s that illustrate the experiments on respiration and transpiration of her husband Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier and his assistant Armand Séguin. These works may be associated with the well-known sepia drawings that were published for the first time by Edouard Grimaux in 1888. Details contained in these newly discovered drawings by M.me Lavoisier provide fresh evidence as to the nature and aims of Lavoisiers innovative experiments. As we will show, these drawings were intended to illustrate the collection of papers on respiration being prepared by Lavoisier for his Mémoires de physique et de chimie (1792-1805).
Stable isotope analysis reveals differential effects of soil nitrogen and nitrogen dioxide on the water use efficiency in...Stable isotope analysis reveals differential effects of soil nitrogen and nitrogen dioxide on the water use efficiency in...
NO2 had no toxic effects. A reduced 15N-isotope ratio indicated incorporation of NO2 while nitrate reductase activity in leaves was stimulated. The two nitrogen sources had differential effects on water use efficiency (WUE): NO2 exposure increased long-term WUE; soil N supply decreased WUE; a result not detectable using growth and short-term gas exchange experiments. Plants benefited from airborne NO2, increasing CO2 assimilation rate and biomass; both N sources increased shoot production at the expense of root growth. NO2 exposure induced leaf formation with reduced stomatal density and increased leaf area ...
Scientific equipment - Ulm UniversityScientific equipment - Ulm University
The LI-6400XT Portable Photosynthesis and Fluorescence System is designed to measure ecophysiological indicators of plants, e.g. photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance. Red & blue LED light source provides certain light intensity for environmental controlled experiments. Furthermore, CO2 and light response curves can be obtained by this device. Chlorophyll fluorescence, which is an important indicator for stressed plants, can be measured by using the Leaf Chamber Fluorometer.. ...
GrapevineXL: a model coupling plant water transport and leaf gas exchange « Botany OneGrapevineXL: a model coupling plant water transport and leaf gas exchange « Botany One
Quantifying the response of plant water status to environmental conditions and its effect on carbon acquisition are essential for simulating plant growth
An Investigation to Determine the Water Potential of a Plant Tissue. - GCSE Science - Marked by Teachers.comAn Investigation to Determine the Water Potential of a Plant Tissue. - GCSE Science - Marked by Teachers.com
Introduction. An Investigation to Determine the Water Potential of a Plant Tissue An Investigation to Determine the Water Potential of Plant Tissue Introduction The plant tissue to be used in this investigation will be that of potato tubers. The cells of a white potato are parenchyma cells. These cells are large, thin-walled, and usually have a large central vacuole. They are often partially separated from each other. In areas not exposed to light, as in a potato, food storage in the form of starch grains is the main function (Where light is present, e.g. in a leaf, photosynthesis is the main function). The amount of water present in these cells results in them having certain water potentials. Water potential is the amount of water available to move across a membrane from a solution. The process by which water moves across a membrane is known as osmosis and is described as the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from a region of high water potential to a region of low ...
Plant and Soil Sciences eLibraryPlant and Soil Sciences eLibrary
Cuticle - The cuticle is the waxy layer present on all above-ground tissue of a plant and serves as a barrier to water movement out of a leaf. Because the cuticle is made of wax, it is very hydrophobic or water-repelling; therefore, water does not move through it very easily. The thicker the cuticle layer on a leaf surface, the slower the transpiration rate. Cuticle thickness varies widely among plant species. In general, plants from hot, dry climates have thicker cuticles than plants from cool, moist climates. In addition, leaves that develop under direct sunlight will have much thicker cuticles than leaves that develop under shade conditions.. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS - Some environmental conditions create the driving force for movement of water out of the plant. Others alter the plants ability to control water loss.. ...
Environmental Factors That Affect The Rate Of Transpiration - Botany StudiesEnvironmental Factors That Affect The Rate Of Transpiration - Botany Studies
Water relation of the Parenchyma cell: The parench) ma mesophyll cells also control the rate of iranspimtion. they become - saturated oith ;safer. Thus their nails easily • lose nater into the internal atmosphere of the leaf ibis loss of nater is compensated b) absorption of mato- from the root. If root cells do not absorb much %% titer then the %%titer content of the mesophyll cells decreases. .Fherelbre. mesophyll cells loss turgor. Their cell nails become tip. thus the evaporation trout their surfaces is reduced although the stomata remain open. As a result osmotic pressure of the memmhyll cells increases. thus they n ithdrann ater from the guard cells. the guard cells lose their turgor. Ilms stomata are closed Oen in the presence tn. HOB. Thus the inter nil %%Mel relation of the leaf are self regulating mechanism for the control of ...
Influence of pre-sowing laser stimulation of seeds on photosynthesis and transpiration intensity and on yielding of red clover ...Influence of pre-sowing laser stimulation of seeds on photosynthesis and transpiration intensity and on yielding of red clover ...
A strict pot experiment involving red clover (Trifolium pretense L.) was carried out by means of complete randomization in four replications in 2004, in a vegetation hall at UWM in Olsztyn. The first experimental factor were varieties: Bona - 4n and Dajana - 2n, the second - seed stimulation...
Potometer - WikipediaPotometer - Wikipedia
A potometer (from Greek ποτό = drunken, and μέτρο = measure) -sometimes known as a transpirometer- is a device used for measuring the rate of water uptake of a leafy shoot. The causes of water uptake are photosynthesis and transpiration.[1] Everything must be completely water tight so that no leakage of water occurs.. There are two main types of potometers used - the bubble potometer (as detailed below), and the mass potometer. The mass potometer consists of a plant with its root submerged in a beaker. This beaker is then placed on a digital balance; readings can be made to determine the amount of water lost by the plant. The mass potometer measures the water lost through transpiration of the plant and not the water taken up by the plant.. ...
Plus itPlus it
Responses to environmental perturbations that promote ROS production but do not provoke oxidative stress or cell death are common and important in understanding how plants adapt to their environment. However, there is very little information concerning the underlying signaling responses involving ROS from chloroplasts in such situations. Here, we describe one emerging example.. In bundle sheath cells (BSCs) of leaves exposed to a moderate increase in light intensity and low humidity, ABA signaling is suggested to interact with a chloroplast-sourced H2O2 signal to drive the induction of high-light, ABA-responsive genes (Galvez-Valdivieso et al., 2009). Within 30 min of exposure to high light at ambient or lower humidity, ABA biosynthesis is activated in vascular parenchyma cells triggered by a transient lowering of leaf water potential, which is caused by a rapid increase in transpiration. The ABA secreted from vascular parenchyma interacts with BSCs and induces the antioxidant gene ASCORBATE ...
Senior Dating Online Website For Relationships Totally Free - Villa view 4 youSenior Dating Online Website For Relationships Totally Free - Villa view 4 you
Haikou peoples park - people practicing tai chi chuan tai chi -. As the field has expanded, students las vegas italian mature dating online service are now required to complete more advanced training in order to enter the field. The actual transpiration for fl ethiopian mature singles online dating site the water limited situation is obtained by multiplying the potential transpiration with a reduction factor which is defined as van diepen et al. But due to better and improved medical facilities, we are now able to increase the life expectancy of people. I am just not convinced that a dark rush with militia is worth it. Make a double puzzle: generate double puzzles your students will love - hours of fun! All the important decisions are taken either by the board of directors or by the general body of shareholders. looking for older senior citizens in australia It can be an object of any type that extends the sprite class. San antonio american senior dating online site i have fit a full sized ...
Transpiration - Windows to the UniverseTranspiration - Windows to the Universe
Windows to the Universe, a project of the National Earth Science Teachers Association, is sponsored in part is sponsored in part through grants from federal agencies (NASA and NOAA), and partnerships with affiliated organizations, including the American Geophysical Union, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the Earth System Information Partnership, the American Meteorological Society, the National Center for Science Education, and TERC. The American Geophysical Union and the American Geosciences Institute are Windows to the Universe Founding Partners. NESTA welcomes new Institutional Affiliates in support of our ongoing programs, as well as collaborations on new projects. Contact NESTA for more information ...
Monitoring WaterMonitoring Water
In Idaho, scientists are using remote imaging to study evapotranspiration, the loss of water to the atmosphere by evaporation from soil and water, and by transpiration from plants.
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How forests maintain the process of transpiration, are a part of total evapotranspiration and contribute to the Earths water cycle.
Plant Water Uptake equipment | agriculture-xprt.comPlant Water Uptake equipment | agriculture-xprt.com
Results for plant water uptake equipment from actosol, Acxcess, Ag Concepts SuperHume and other leading brands. Compare and contact a supplier near you on agriculture-xprt.com
Give reason why the xylem sap flows out from the cut end - CBSE Class 11 Biology - Learn CBSE ForumGive reason why the xylem sap flows out from the cut end - CBSE Class 11 Biology - Learn CBSE Forum
Give reason why the xylem sap flows out from the cut end if a well hydrated plant is cut below the first leaf or near the base of stem.
Easy Ways to Make House Plant Leaves Shiny | HunkerEasy Ways to Make House Plant Leaves Shiny | Hunker
The first step toward shiny houseplant leaves is to ensure that the plants are healthy, well-groomed and clean. Just like all surfaces in the house, leaves gather dust as well. Plants also filter dust with their transpiration process from the air.
Class 7 - Science - Transportation in Animals and Plants | Questions and Answers - 2245Class 7 - Science - Transportation in Animals and Plants | Questions and Answers - 2245
Does transpiration serve any useful function in plants? Explain. . Class 7 - Science - Transportation in Animals and Plants . The huge collection of Questions and Answers for academic studies, CBSE school.
Gifts from our TreesGifts from our Trees
Now, talk with the group about the importance of trees in our daily lives. What gifts do trees give us? Write down their responses, which may include wood, firewood, fruit, medicine, bark, leaves, compost-rich soil (preventing erosion), water (promoting infiltration and transpiration), windbreaks, shade, beauty, and animals (providing habitat ...
Isaac Newtons College Notes Pertain To Advanced BotanyIsaac Newton's College Notes Pertain To Advanced Botany
Sir Isaac Newtons college notes detail the movement of water from roots to leaves - thus describing a process akin to transpiration.
Page:Popular Science Monthly Volume 2.djvu/422 - Wikisource, the free online libraryPage:Popular Science Monthly Volume 2.djvu/422 - Wikisource, the free online library
tive force by any voluntary operation, which would be one of the prerogatives of life; they draw it from the calorific energy stored up in the organs traversed by the blood. Besides, there is a fixed relation between the quantity of heat that disappears and the mechanical labor that appears. Yet, it is to be remarked that, if all motion by living beings is a transformation of animal heat, that heat is not wholly transformed into motion. It is partly wasted by transpiration through the skin, by touch, and especially by radiation; it is used in keeping up to a constant point the temperature of the animal, subjected to many causes of refrigeration.. The mechanical labor performed by an animal is very complex. Independently of visible muscular motions, there are all the changes of place in the interior organs, the continual passage of the blood, the contractions and dilatations of a great number of parts. Now, these actions are only possible in so far as the phenomena of breathing are taking place ...
diaphanesdiaphanes
In the mid-1970s, students of media and communication studies in the German-speaking world heard from Hertha Sturm and her team that they had discovered the "missing half-second." In Sturms view, television needed to broadcast slower image sequences; audio and video needed to be more congruent; the text or spoken language should follow the images or vice versa, rather than supplying additional information. For as the researchers found, their test subjects (mainly children) were unable to process the excessive amount of information "properly" and their reactions were quite simply too slow for the abundance of images. As a result, children reacted "happily" to sad image sequences and "unhappily" to cheerful ones. The test subjects mood was gauged by measuring pulse, heartbeat, and transpiration, giving a curve of physical arousal indicating mood (or rather allowing it to be deduced) with low frequency pointing to a depressive basic mood and high frequency pointing to high spirits. The reason for ...
diaphanesdiaphanes
In the mid-1970s, students of media and communication studies in the German-speaking world heard from Hertha Sturm and her team that they had discovered the "missing half-second." In Sturms view, television needed to broadcast slower image sequences; audio and video needed to be more congruent; the text or spoken language should follow the images or vice versa, rather than supplying additional information. For as the researchers found, their test subjects (mainly children) were unable to process the excessive amount of information "properly" and their reactions were quite simply too slow for the abundance of images. As a result, children reacted "happily" to sad image sequences and "unhappily" to cheerful ones. The test subjects mood was gauged by measuring pulse, heartbeat, and transpiration, giving a curve of physical arousal indicating mood (or rather allowing it to be deduced) with low frequency pointing to a depressive basic mood and high frequency pointing to high spirits. The reason for ...
Clinique Smart SPF 15 Archives - Mademoiselle Le K Blog-TrotterClinique Smart SPF 15 Archives - Mademoiselle Le K Blog-Trotter
Si vous vous souvenez il y a quelques mois, Aïcha, lexperte maquillage de Clinique Belgique mavait maquillée (première photo). Elle mavait aussi fait un diagnostique de la peau. Depuis plus dun an, je trouve ma peau très "perturbée et perturbante" : un coup lumineuse, puis terne avec des points noirs sur le bout du nez. Un coup des cicatrices dacné sestompent légèrement, tandis quapparaissent des micro kystes sous cutanés! Bref, ma peau va dans tous les sens : cest pénible! La pire saison étant lété : chaleur, transpiration, écran total, inconfort de la peau mixte-grasse et paresse de ma part. Donc dès la fin juillet, jai initié ma nouvelle routine soin avec six produits Clinique. Jai été régulière le matin ; le soir je préférai ne rien mettre. ERREUR. Depuis 3 semaines, je les applique matin et soir : ce qui change tout! Absolument TOUT! La peau est comme boostée, assainie. Je ne dirai pas que ça fait des miracles, mais le changement est VRAIMENT visible. Au ...
How We Use Water | Page 7 | USGS.govHow We Use Water | Page 7 | USGS.gov
The U.S. Geological Surveys National Water-Use Science Project (formerly the National Water-Use Information Program) is responsible for compiling and disseminating the nations water-use data. Established by USGS in 1978, the USGS National Water-Use Science Project built on the legacy of the Estimated Use of Water in the United States report series, begun in 1950 and produced... ...
Agriculture Water-Use equipment in France | agriculture-xprt.comAgriculture Water-Use equipment in France | agriculture-xprt.com
Results for agriculture water-use equipment from Altéa, AMS, BEI and other leading brands. Compare and contact a supplier in France on agriculture-xprt.com
FogFog
StomaStoma
Robert HungateRobert Hungate
XerophyteXerophyte
Turgor pressureTurgor pressure
Mário Guimarães FerriMário Guimarães Ferri
EcohydrologyEcohydrology
David BeerlingDavid Beerling
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
HydathodeHydathode
Substomatal cavitySubstomatal cavity
PotometerPotometer
Rain gardenRain garden
Vegetation and slope stabilityVegetation and slope stability
CactusCactus
Water cycleWater cycle
Cloud physicsCloud physics
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HydrologyHydrology
GuttationGuttation
WheatWheat
ExcretionExcretion
Flora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zoneFlora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zone
Root pressureRoot pressure
Post-harvest losses (vegetables)Post-harvest losses (vegetables)
PachypodiumPachypodium
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Betula occidentalisBetula occidentalis
Erysiphe alphitoidesErysiphe alphitoides
LeafLeaf
Water coolingWater cooling
LauraceaeLauraceae
HumidityHumidity
ഫലം - വിക്കിപീഡിയഫലം - വിക്കിപീഡിയ
BonsaiBonsai
PrecipitationPrecipitation
International Association for Plant TaxonomyInternational Association for Plant Taxonomy
Floral symmetryFloral symmetry
BudBud
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위키백과:모든 언어의 위키백과마다 꼭 있어야 하는 문서 목록/확장판/생물학 및 의과학 - 위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전위키백과:모든 언어의 위키백과마다 꼭 있어야 하는 문서 목록/확장판/생물학 및 의과학 - 위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
സംവഹന കലകൾ - വിക്കിപീഡിയസംവഹന കലകൾ - വിക്കിപീഡിയ
DesertDesert
StomaStoma
Ботаника - Википедија, слободна енциклопедијаБотаника - Википедија, слободна енциклопедија
StamenStamen
EmbryophyteEmbryophyte
Primary productionPrimary production
Hyperaccumulateur - WikipédiaHyperaccumulateur - Wikipédia
Pioneer speciesPioneer species
Water coolingWater cooling
Crassulacean acid metabolismCrassulacean acid metabolism
PlantPlant
TreeTree
Hardiness zoneHardiness zone
Flowering plantFlowering plant
MicrosporeMicrospore
AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureHealth CareGeographicals
Plant TranspirationPlant LeavesPlant StomataPlants, Genetically ModifiedPlant RootsXylemWaterPlant ProteinsPlant ShootsAcerPlant StemsVapor PressureGenes, PlantPlant EpidermisXanthiumPhotosynthesisDroughtsPhaseolusFabaceaePlants, MedicinalLightGene PoolMissouriSunlightPesticidesEpidermis
Seasonal Changes in Transpiration and Soil Water Content in a Spruce Primeval Forest During a Dry Period | Springer for...Seasonal Changes in Transpiration and Soil Water Content in a Spruce Primeval Forest During a Dry Period | Springer for...
Diurnal courses of photosynthesis, transpiration and diffusive conductance in the single-leaf of the rice plants grown in the...Diurnal courses of photosynthesis, transpiration and diffusive conductance in the single-leaf of the rice plants grown in the...
Investigating transpiration with a potometerInvestigating transpiration with a potometer
Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata | ProtocolRegulation of Transpiration by Stomata | Protocol
Orchestration of transpiration, growth and carbohydrate dynamics in rice during a dry-down cycle - GOV.UKOrchestration of transpiration, growth and carbohydrate dynamics in rice during a dry-down cycle - GOV.UK
The Energy Budget at the Earths Surface: Diffusive Resistances At, and Transpiration Rates from, Leaves in Situ within the...The Energy Budget at the Earth's Surface: Diffusive Resistances At, and Transpiration Rates from, Leaves in Situ within the...
CiNii 論文 - An Estimation of Tomato Transpiration for Effective Fertigation Management System...CiNii 論文 - An Estimation of Tomato Transpiration for Effective Fertigation Management System...
Transpiration and the ascent of sap in plantsTranspiration and the ascent of sap in plants
Transpiration in PlantsTranspiration in Plants
Plant transpiration :: Larry Oglesby CollectionPlant transpiration :: Larry Oglesby Collection
Transpiration In Plants Essay - 1309 Words - OstaticTranspiration In Plants Essay - 1309 Words - Ostatic
HELP NEEDED- PLANT TRANSPIRATION! - Biology-OnlineHELP NEEDED- PLANT TRANSPIRATION! - Biology-Online
The Biology of Transpiration. From Guard Cells to Globe | Plant PhysiologyThe Biology of Transpiration. From Guard Cells to Globe | Plant Physiology
Water | Free Full-Text | Upscaling Stem to Community-Level Transpiration for Two Sand-Fixing Plants: Salix gordejevii and...Water | Free Full-Text | Upscaling Stem to Community-Level Transpiration for Two Sand-Fixing Plants: Salix gordejevii and...
Frontiers | Bioenergy Sorghum Crop Model Predicts VPD-Limited Transpiration Traits Enhance Biomass Yield in Water-Limited...Frontiers | Bioenergy Sorghum Crop Model Predicts VPD-Limited Transpiration Traits Enhance Biomass Yield in Water-Limited...
Coordination of Leaf Photosynthesis, Transpiration, and Structural Traits in Rice and Wild Relatives (Genus Oryza) | Plant...Coordination of Leaf Photosynthesis, Transpiration, and Structural Traits in Rice and Wild Relatives (Genus Oryza) | Plant...
Energy-Dependent Solute Transport from the Apoplast into the Symplast of Leaves during Transpiration, Russian Journal of Plant...Energy-Dependent Solute Transport from the Apoplast into the Symplast of Leaves during Transpiration, Russian Journal of Plant...
11 TRANSPIRATION 2009 - Transpiration LAB Phaseolus vulgaris L(Be plant an Obje s ctive stigatethee ct of low light and high...11 TRANSPIRATION 2009 - Transpiration LAB Phaseolus vulgaris L(Be plant an Obje s ctive stigatethee ct of low light and high...
Transport in plants transpiration potometer water movement gas exchange systems phloem tubes xylem tubes root hair cells...Transport in plants transpiration potometer water movement gas exchange systems phloem tubes xylem tubes root hair cells...
Transpiration and Transportation in Plants - Revision Notes in GCSE BiologyTranspiration and Transportation in Plants - Revision Notes in GCSE Biology
Transport in plants and transpiration practical work - Revision Notes in A Level and IB BiologyTransport in plants and transpiration practical work - Revision Notes in A Level and IB Biology
Plants Transpiration Lab Essay - 1082 WordsPlants Transpiration Lab Essay - 1082 Words
A low-cost method to rapidly and accurately screen for transpiration efficiency in wheat | Plant Methods | Full TextA low-cost method to rapidly and accurately screen for transpiration efficiency in wheat | Plant Methods | Full Text
Seasonal Variation in Canopy Aerodynamics and the Sensitivity of Transpiration Estimates to Wind Velocity in Broadleaved...Seasonal Variation in Canopy Aerodynamics and the Sensitivity of Transpiration Estimates to Wind Velocity in Broadleaved...
Describe transpiration pull model of water transport in plants. What are the factors influencing transpiration? How is it...Describe transpiration pull model of water transport in plants. What are the factors influencing transpiration? How is it...
vascular plants articles - Encyclopedia of Lifevascular plants articles - Encyclopedia of Life
Material Search ResultsMaterial Search Results
How Plants Use Water | Garden GuidesHow Plants Use Water | Garden Guides
MG2 Plants and Their Environment | University of Missouri ExtensionMG2 Plants and Their Environment | University of Missouri Extension
Why Plants Lose Water | Garden GuidesWhy Plants Lose Water | Garden Guides
Amy Brown Science: Plant Transpiration - Great for All Ages!Amy Brown Science: Plant Transpiration - Great for All Ages!
Evapotranspiration - The Water Cycle, from USGS Water-Science SchoolEvapotranspiration - The Water Cycle, from USGS Water-Science School
plant physiology | Smore Newslettersplant physiology | Smore Newsletters
Transpiration stream - WikipediaTranspiration stream - Wikipedia
What were some plants that lived in the Quaternary Period? | Reference.comWhat were some plants that lived in the Quaternary Period? | Reference.com
How does water move through plants? | Reference.comHow does water move through plants? | Reference.com
Plant Transpiration MCQsPlant Transpiration MCQs
AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureHealth CareGeographicals
Plant TranspirationPlant LeavesPlant StomataPlants, Genetically ModifiedPlant RootsXylemWaterPlant ProteinsPlant ShootsAcerPlant StemsVapor PressureGenes, PlantPlant EpidermisXanthiumPhotosynthesisDroughtsPhaseolusFabaceaePlants, MedicinalLightGene PoolMissouriSunlightPesticidesEpidermis
StomataEvaporationConductanceLeavesEVAPOTRANSPIRATIONBiologyCarbonResponsesEvaporative200019921997RegulationFactorsSpeciesGrowth19801994Cell EnvironSoil moisturePhotosynthesisStomataSoilRates of transpirationDaily transpirationCanopyStemsEvaporation of waterVaporOsmosisEvaporatesSunlightChanges in TranspirationRateProcessesPhotosyntheticStemAtmosphericLeaf transpirationAffect transpirationActual transpirationProcessAbsorbDroughtVascularAtmospherePlant's leavesNutritionMineralsPoresGuard CellsSolutesHumidityCharacterizeProteinsCohesionPhaseolusEvapotranspirationBotanyCapillaryMeasuringXylem vesselsChloroplast
Stomata4
  • However, if a plant cannot acquire sufficient water, its stomata will rapidly close to prevent wilting. (jove.com)
  • Interestingly, even if kept in the dark, plants will open and close stomata on a regular, 24-hour cycle, due to an internal clock. (jove.com)
  • The opening and closing of stomata are tightly regulated, allowing plants to respond to specific environmental conditions. (jove.com)
  • In their function as gate-keepers, stomata efficiently balance gas exchange and transpiration. (jove.com)
Evaporation1
Conductance3
Leaves2
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION2
Biology1
Carbon6
  • This study aimed at characterising the dynamics of transpiration, development, growth and carbon metabolism, as well as the expression of invertase genes, in response to drought during a dry-down cycle. (www.gov.uk)
  • Plants require ample carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to conduct photosynthesis. (jove.com)
  • During photosynthesis, plants acquire the necessary carbon dioxide and release the produced oxygen back into the atmosphere. (jove.com)
  • An oxidative C 1 pathway is known to exist in plants where intermediates with a single carbon atom beginning with methanol are oxidized to CO 2 . (ornl.gov)
  • The team's results demonstrate that methanol activates the C 1 pathway in plants which provides an alternative carbon source for glycine methylation in photorespiration, enhance CO 2 concentrations within chloroplasts, and produce key C 2 intermediates (e.g. acetyl-CoA) for central metabolism. (ornl.gov)
  • They confirm that methanol initiates the complete C 1 pathway in plants (methanol, formaldehyde, formic acid, carbon dioxide) by providing the first real-time dynamic 13 C-labeling data showing their interdependence. (ornl.gov)
Responses1
Evaporative1
20001
19921
19971
  • Cienciala E, Kučera J, Lindroth A, Čermák J, Grelle A, Halldin S (1997) Canopy transpiration from a boreal forest in Sweden during a dry year. (springer.com)
Regulation1
  • The regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and source-sink relationships among organs play a key role in plant adaptation to drought. (www.gov.uk)
Factors1
  • Čermák J, Palát M, Penka M (1976) Transpiration flow rate in a full grown tree of Prunus avium L. estimated by the method of heat balance in connection with some meteorological factors. (springer.com)
Species1
  • In this study, scientists at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory evaluated the C 1 pathway and its integration with central metabolism using aqueous solutions of 13 C-labeled C 1 and C 2 intermediates delivered to branches of the tropical species Inga edulis via the transpiration stream. (ornl.gov)
Growth2
19801
19941
  • Granier A, Loustau D (1994) Measuring and modelling the transpiration of a maritime pine canopy from sap-flow data. (springer.com)
Cell Environ1
Soil moisture1
Photosynthesis32
Stomata29
Soil40
Rates of transpiration3
Daily transpiration3
  • The daily transpiration from the upscaling function was well correlated with the daily evapotranspiration by the Penman-Monteith equation (coefficient of determination R 2 ≥ 0.67), indicating the applicability of this upscaling function, a useful tool for managing and restoring sand-fixing vegetations. (mdpi.com)
  • For most locations investigated, we calculated reductions in daily transpiration rates over the twenty-first century that became stronger under higher atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. (springer.com)
  • For currently cold regions, global warming would, however, lengthen the growing seasons so that annual sums of transpiration could increase in those regions despite reductions in daily transpiration rates over the summer months. (springer.com)
Canopy8
Stems7
Evaporation of water4
Vapor18
Osmosis2
Evaporates1
Sunlight6
Changes in Transpiration1
Rate24
Processes8
  • Consequently, transpiration processes affect the yield and survival of agricultural species, and impact on the global carbon and hydrological cycles. (plantphysiol.org)
  • Transport of minerals, movement of sugars, plant rigidity (turgor) and other major processes rely on water to function. (gardenguides.com)
  • The most abundant compound in all plants, as in all life, is water which serves an important role in the various processes taking place. (thefullwiki.org)
  • This online course covers the fundamental processes and key structures within a plant that are responsible for its growth. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Plant biostimulants contain substance(s) and/or micro-organisms whose function when applied to plants or the rhizosphere is to stimulate natural processes to enhance/benefit nutrient uptake, nutrient efficiency, tolerance to abiotic stress, and crop quality. (springer.com)
  • Because it is difficult to measure evaporation and transpiration separately, the combined processes are often referred to as evapotranspiration. (crd.bc.ca)
  • We used integrated hydrologic simulations that couple vegetation and land-energy processes with surface and subsurface hydrology to study transpiration partitioning at the continental scale. (sciencemag.org)
  • Practicals set this material in the context of plant-environmental and agricultural interactions by direct observations and measurements of physiological processes. (ncl.ac.uk)
Photosynthetic4
Stem12
Atmospheric2
  • We considered observations ranging from short-term laboratory-based experiments with plants grown under different CO 2 concentrations to studies of plants exposed to the naturally increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. (springer.com)
  • Plants will also wilt when the temperature of the rooting medium is less than the atmospheric temperature, particularly when the atmospheric demand is high. (maximumyield.com)
Leaf transpiration5
  • Leaf transpiration of drought tolerant plant can be captured by hyperspectral reflectance using PLSR analysis. (sisef.org)
  • The results revealed that the PLSR model based on the first-order derivative spectra at wavelengths selected through stepwise regression analysis can closely trace leaf transpiration with a high accuracy (R 2 = 0.78, RMSE = 1.62 µmol g -1 s -1 ). (sisef.org)
  • The results also proved that the first-order derivative spectra within the shortwave infrared (SWIR) domain, especially at 2435, 2440, 2445, and 2470 nm, were critical for PLSR models to predict leaf transpiration. (sisef.org)
  • However, a straightforward relationship between leaf transpiration and reflected information has still to be verified, while it has already been done for other parameters related to the biological status of plants ( ). (sisef.org)
  • Leaf transpiration and stomatal control. (unimi.it)
Affect transpiration1
  • The model showed that water table depth and lateral flow strongly affect transpiration partitioning, thus explaining the inconsistencies between observations and models. (sciencemag.org)
Actual transpiration2
  • The results indicated that during the growing season, the total actual transpiration of the Salix gordejevii and Caragana microphylla communities was found to be 287 ± 31 and 197 ± 24 mm, respectively, implying that the Salix gordejevii community might consume 1.5 times more water than the Caragana microphylla community. (mdpi.com)
  • The last stage in the transpiration stream is the water moving into the leaves, and then the actual transpiration. (wikipedia.org)
Process11
Absorb4
Drought3
  • Simulation results indicated that the VPD-limited transpiration trait is most beneficial in hot and dry regions of production where crops are exposed to extended periods without rainfall during the season or to a terminal drought. (frontiersin.org)
  • in addition, thick M cell walls may be beneficial for plant drought tolerance. (plantphysiol.org)
  • Conditions of drought, unusual variations in temperature or other climatic changes can cause the plant to pass through the physiological equivalent of two full growing seasons in one year. (missouri.edu)
Vascular12
Atmosphere5
Plant's leaves1
Nutrition2
Minerals5
Pores3
  • To control water loss, plants are covered with relatively water-impermeable surfaces that are punctuated by stomatal pores. (plantphysiol.org)
  • Almost all of the CO 2 fixed by terrestrial plants and most of the water transpired pass through these stomatal pores. (plantphysiol.org)
  • little cytoplasm, no nucleus : sieve plate with pores separating the sieve tube cell : allows the flow of dissolved food substances -Companion : only found in flowering plant cells : adjacent and closely associated with the sieve tube cells : has a nucleus, dense cytoplasm & many mitochondria : transport manufactured food(sucrose & amino acids) from the leaf cells into the sieve tubes. (scribd.com)
Guard Cells1
Solutes1
Humidity3
Characterize1
Proteins1
  • In the 19th and 20th centuries, new techniques were developed for the study of plants, including methods of optical microscopy and live cell imaging , electron microscopy , analysis of chromosome number , plant chemistry and the structure and function of enzymes and other proteins . (wikipedia.org)
Cohesion1
Phaseolus2
Evapotranspiration2
Botany5
  • The scientific study of plants is called botany. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Roger Hull graduated in Botany from Cambridge University in 1960, and subsequently studied plant virus epidemiology at London University's Wye College, gaining a PhD in 1964. (indigo.ca)
  • Botany originated in prehistory as herbalism with the efforts of early humans to identify - and later cultivate - edible, medicinal and poisonous plants, making it one of the oldest branches of science. (wikipedia.org)
  • Botany originated as herbalism , the study and use of plants for their medicinal properties. (wikipedia.org)
  • The early recorded history of botany includes many ancient writings and plant classifications. (wikipedia.org)
Capillary1
Measuring2
Xylem vessels2
Chloroplast3
Transpiration | Experiment #13 from Agricultural Science with Vernier
Transpiration | Experiment #13 from Agricultural Science with Vernier (vernier.com)
Plant physiology | Smore Newsletters
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Evapotranspiration - The Water Cycle, from USGS Water-Science School
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Write the formula and the give the name of the conjugate | bartleby
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How to Find Water in the Wilderness | The Art of Manliness
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Phytochrome B Enhances Photosynthesis at the Expense of Water-Use Efficiency in Arabidopsis | Plant Physiology
Phytochrome B Enhances Photosynthesis at the Expense of Water-Use Efficiency in Arabidopsis | Plant Physiology (plantphysiol.org)
Water and plant life: problems and modern approaches - Google Books
Water and plant life: problems and modern approaches - Google Books (books.google.com)
Why Do Plants Need Water
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Forests | Free Full-Text | Contrasting Hydraulic Strategies during Dry Soil Conditions in Quercus rubra and Acer rubrum in a...
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The Semitransparent Photovoltaic Films for Mediterranean Greenhouse: A New Sustainable Technology
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Agricultural uses of plant biostimulants | SpringerLink
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Bluelab Corporation Ltd.
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Mighty Blend
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What is Cut Flowers? - Definition from MaximumYield
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Company Directory - Automation
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One Stop Hydroponics Western Australia
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Is Biofilm in a Hydroponic System Bad?
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Wattage House
Wattage House (maximumyield.com)
Top 5 Apps for Gardening and Hydroponics
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Why The Process of Cannabis Decarboxylation is so Important
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When And How to Transplant Seedlings into the Garden
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The Light That Binds: Lighting for Young Plants
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