Plant proteins. Medical search

Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which VEGETABLE PROTEINS is available.

PLANTS, or their progeny, whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING.

Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)

The functional hereditary units of PLANTS.

The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that contains ARABIDOPSIS PROTEINS and MADS DOMAIN PROTEINS. The species A. thaliana is used for experiments in classical plant genetics as well as molecular genetic studies in plant physiology, biochemistry, and development.

Proteins that originate from plants species belonging to the genus ARABIDOPSIS. The most intensely studied species of Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis thaliana, is commonly used in laboratory experiments.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of plants.

Plants or plant parts which are harmful to man or other animals.

Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.

New immature growth of a plant including stem, leaves, tips of branches, and SEEDLINGS.

Plants whose roots, leaves, seeds, bark, or other constituent parts possess therapeutic, tonic, purgative, curative or other pharmacologic attributes, when administered to man or animals.

A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain NICOTINE and other biologically active chemicals; its dried leaves are used for SMOKING.

Proteins which are present in or isolated from vegetables or vegetable products used as food. The concept is distinguished from PLANT PROTEINS which refers to non-dietary proteins from plants.

Processes orchestrated or driven by a plethora of genes, plant hormones, and inherent biological timing mechanisms facilitated by secondary molecules, which result in the systematic transformation of plants and plant parts, from one stage of maturity to another.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Basic functional unit of plants.

Proteins obtained from foods. They are the main source of the ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS.

A plant genus of the family POACEAE. Finger millet or raggee (E. coracana) is an important food grain in southern Asia and parts of Africa.

Ribosome inactivating proteins consisting of two polypeptide chains, the toxic A subunit and a lectin B subunit, linked by disulfide bridges. The lectin portion binds to cell surfaces and facilitates transport into the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM.

Parts of plants that usually grow vertically upwards towards the light and support the leaves, buds, and reproductive structures. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.

The genetic complement of a plant (PLANTS) as represented in its DNA.

An organism of the vegetable kingdom suitable by nature for use as a food, especially by human beings. Not all parts of any given plant are edible but all parts of edible plants have been known to figure as raw or cooked food: leaves, roots, tubers, stems, seeds, buds, fruits, and flowers. The most commonly edible parts of plants are FRUIT, usually sweet, fleshy, and succulent. Most edible plants are commonly cultivated for their nutritional value and are referred to as VEGETABLES.

The parts of plants, including SEEDS.

A plant species of the family SOLANACEAE, native of South America, widely cultivated for their edible, fleshy, usually red fruit.

A plant species of the family POACEAE. It is a tall grass grown for its EDIBLE GRAIN, corn, used as food and animal FODDER.

Protein or glycoprotein substances of plant origin that bind to sugar moieties in cell walls or membranes. Some carbohydrate-metabolizing proteins (ENZYMES) from PLANTS also bind to carbohydrates, however they are not considered lectins. Many plant lectins change the physiology of the membrane of BLOOD CELLS to cause agglutination, mitosis, or other biochemical changes. They may play a role in plant defense mechanisms.

The encapsulated embryos of flowering plants. They are used as is or for animal feed because of the high content of concentrated nutrients like starches, proteins, and fats. Rapeseed, cottonseed, and sunflower seed are also produced for the oils (fats) they yield.

The fertilizing element of plants that contains the male GAMETOPHYTES.

Any of the hormones produced naturally in plants and active in controlling growth and other functions. There are three primary classes: auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

An annual legume. The SEEDS of this plant are edible and used to produce a variety of SOY FOODS.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in plants.

The inherent or induced capacity of plants to withstand or ward off biological attack by pathogens.

Substances found in PLANTS that have antigenic activity.

A variable annual leguminous vine (Pisum sativum) that is cultivated for its rounded smooth or wrinkled edible protein-rich seeds, the seed of the pea, and the immature pods with their included seeds. (From Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary, 1973)

Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.

Annual cereal grass of the family POACEAE and its edible starchy grain, rice, which is the staple food of roughly one-half of the world's population.

A thin layer of cells forming the outer integument of seed plants and ferns. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

Food and dietary formulations including elemental (chemically defined formula) diets, synthetic and semisynthetic diets, space diets, weight-reduction formulas, tube-feeding diets, complete liquid diets, and supplemental liquid and solid diets.

Plant cell inclusion bodies that contain the photosynthetic pigment CHLOROPHYLL, which is associated with the membrane of THYLAKOIDS. Chloroplasts occur in cells of leaves and young stems of plants. They are also found in some forms of PHYTOPLANKTON such as HAPTOPHYTA; DINOFLAGELLATES; DIATOMS; and CRYPTOPHYTA.

Proteins which are present in or isolated from SOYBEANS.

Screening techniques first developed in yeast to identify genes encoding interacting proteins. Variations are used to evaluate interplay between proteins and other molecules. Two-hybrid techniques refer to analysis for protein-protein interactions, one-hybrid for DNA-protein interactions, three-hybrid interactions for RNA-protein interactions or ligand-based interactions. Reverse n-hybrid techniques refer to analysis for mutations or other small molecules that dissociate known interactions.

Closable openings in the epidermis of plants on the underside of leaves. They allow the exchange of gases between the internal tissues of the plant and the outside atmosphere.

Members of the group of vascular plants which bear flowers. They are differentiated from GYMNOSPERMS by their production of seeds within a closed chamber (OVARY, PLANT). The Angiosperms division is composed of two classes, the monocotyledons (Liliopsida) and dicotyledons (Magnoliopsida). Angiosperms represent approximately 80% of all known living plants.

A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

A sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide or of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that is similar across multiple species. A known set of conserved sequences is represented by a CONSENSUS SEQUENCE. AMINO ACID MOTIFS are often composed of conserved sequences.

Diseases of plants.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.

A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones.

Poisoning by the ingestion of plants or its leaves, berries, roots or stalks. The manifestations in both humans and animals vary in severity from mild to life threatening. In animals, especially domestic animals, it is usually the result of ingesting moldy or fermented forage.

The loss of water vapor by plants to the atmosphere. It occurs mainly from the leaves through pores (stomata) whose primary function is gas exchange. The water is replaced by a continuous column of water moving upwards from the roots within the xylem vessels. (Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.

The reproductive organs of plants.

Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.

Commonly observed structural components of proteins formed by simple combinations of adjacent secondary structures. A commonly observed structure may be composed of a CONSERVED SEQUENCE which can be represented by a CONSENSUS SEQUENCE.

The amounts of various substances in food needed by an organism to sustain healthy life.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

A localized proliferation of plant tissue forming a swelling or outgrowth, commonly with a characteristic shape and unlike any organ of the normal plant. Plant tumors or galls usually form in response to the action of a pathogen or a pest. (Holliday, P., A Dictionary of Plant Pathology, 1989, p330)

Complex nucleoprotein structures which contain the genomic DNA and are part of the CELL NUCLEUS of PLANTS.

A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.

The above-ground plant without the roots.

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

Material prepared from plants.

The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.

A family of enzymes that catalyze the conversion of ATP and a protein to ADP and a phosphoprotein.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

Very young plant after GERMINATION of SEEDS.

The act of feeding on plants by animals.

Units that convert some other form of energy into electrical energy.

The systematic study of the complete complement of proteins (PROTEOME) of organisms.

Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.

The protein complement of an organism coded for by its genome.

Databases containing information about PROTEINS such as AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; PROTEIN CONFORMATION; and other properties.

Total mass of all the organisms of a given type and/or in a given area. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990) It includes the yield of vegetative mass produced from any given crop.

The large family of plants characterized by pods. Some are edible and some cause LATHYRISM or FAVISM and other forms of poisoning. Other species yield useful materials like gums from ACACIA and various LECTINS like PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS from PHASEOLUS. Many of them harbor NITROGEN FIXATION bacteria on their roots. Many but not all species of "beans" belong to this family.

A species of the genus SACCHAROMYCES, family Saccharomycetaceae, order Saccharomycetales, known as "baker's" or "brewer's" yeast. The dried form is used as a dietary supplement.

Sugar-rich liquid produced in plant glands called nectaries. It is either produced in flowers or other plant structures, providing a source of attraction for pollinating insects and animals, as well as being a nutrient source to animal mutualists which provide protection of plants against herbivores.

The process of moving proteins from one cellular compartment (including extracellular) to another by various sorting and transport mechanisms such as gated transport, protein translocation, and vesicular transport.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

A group of enzymes removing the SERINE- or THREONINE-bound phosphate groups from a wide range of phosphoproteins, including a number of enzymes which have been phosphorylated under the action of a kinase. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992)

Eighteen-carbon cyclopentyl polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID via an oxidative pathway analogous to the EICOSANOIDS in animals. Biosynthesis is inhibited by SALICYLATES. A key member, jasmonic acid of PLANTS, plays a similar role to ARACHIDONIC ACID in animals.

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

The outer layer of the woody parts of plants.

The relationship between two different species of organisms that are interdependent; each gains benefits from the other or a relationship between different species where both of the organisms in question benefit from the presence of the other.

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds. Photosynthesis comprises two separate processes: the light reactions and the dark reactions. In higher plants; GREEN ALGAE; and CYANOBACTERIA; NADPH and ATP formed by the light reactions drive the dark reactions which result in the fixation of carbon dioxide. (from Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2001)

Physiological functions characteristic of plants.

A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.

Acetic acid derivatives of the heterocyclic compound indole. (Merck Index, 11th ed)

The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).

A plant species of the genus SOLANUM, family SOLANACEAE. The starchy roots are used as food. SOLANINE is found in green parts.

The unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants.

Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.

Systems of medicine based on cultural beliefs and practices handed down from generation to generation. The concept includes mystical and magical rituals (SPIRITUAL THERAPIES); PHYTOTHERAPY; and other treatments which may not be explained by modern medicine.

A field of biology concerned with the development of techniques for the collection and manipulation of biological data, and the use of such data to make biological discoveries or predictions. This field encompasses all computational methods and theories for solving biological problems including manipulation of models and datasets.

Substances released by PLANTS such as PLANT GUMS and PLANT RESINS.

A functional system which includes the organisms of a natural community together with their environment. (McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A compound obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves. It has bacteriostatic, fungicidal, and keratolytic actions.

Knobbed structures formed from and attached to plant roots, especially of LEGUMES, which result from symbiotic infection by nitrogen fixing bacteria such as RHIZOBIUM or FRANKIA. Root nodules are structures related to MYCORRHIZAE formed by symbiotic associations with fungi.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

The reproductive cells of plants.

Symbiotic combination (dual organism) of the MYCELIUM of FUNGI with the roots of plants (PLANT ROOTS). The roots of almost all higher plants exhibit this mutually beneficial relationship, whereby the fungus supplies water and mineral salts to the plant, and the plant supplies CARBOHYDRATES to the fungus. There are two major types of mycorrhizae: ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae.

Use of plants or herbs to treat diseases or to alleviate pain.

A large family of narrow-leaved herbaceous grasses of the order Cyperales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Food grains (EDIBLE GRAIN) come from members of this family. RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL can be induced by POLLEN of many of the grasses.

The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

The failure of PLANTS to complete fertilization and obtain seed (SEEDS) as a result of defective POLLEN or ovules, or other aberrations. (Dict. of Plant Genet. and Mol. Biol., 1998)

A plant genus of the family Cruciferae. It contains many species and cultivars used as food including cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, Brussel sprouts, kale, collard greens, MUSTARD PLANT; (B. alba, B. junica, and B. nigra), turnips (BRASSICA NAPUS) and rapeseed (BRASSICA RAPA).

The initial stages of the growth of SEEDS into a SEEDLINGS. The embryonic shoot (plumule) and embryonic PLANT ROOTS (radicle) emerge and grow upwards and downwards respectively. Food reserves for germination come from endosperm tissue within the seed and/or from the seed leaves (COTYLEDON). (Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

A large plant family of the order Asterales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. The family is also known as Compositae. Flower petals are joined near the base and stamens alternate with the corolla lobes. The common name of "daisy" refers to several genera of this family including Aster; CHRYSANTHEMUM; RUDBECKIA; TANACETUM.

Oils derived from plants or plant products.

Prolonged dry periods in natural climate cycle. They are slow-onset phenomena caused by rainfall deficit combined with other predisposing factors.

The study of the origin, structure, development, growth, function, genetics, and reproduction of plants.

A kingdom of eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that live parasitically as saprobes, including MUSHROOMS; YEASTS; smuts, molds, etc. They reproduce either sexually or asexually, and have life cycles that range from simple to complex. Filamentous fungi, commonly known as molds, refer to those that grow as multicellular colonies.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

Abscission-accelerating plant growth substance isolated from young cotton fruit, leaves of sycamore, birch, and other plants, and from potatoes, lemons, avocados, and other fruits.

The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.

A class of organic compounds known as STEROLS or STEROIDS derived from plants.

An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.

A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The EDIBLE GRAIN, barley, is widely used as food.

A species of gram-negative, fluorescent, phytopathogenic bacteria in the genus PSEUDOMONAS. It is differentiated into approximately 50 pathovars with different plant pathogenicities and host specificities.

A class of plants within the Bryophyta comprising the mosses, which are found in both damp (including freshwater) and drier situations. Mosses possess erect or prostrate leafless stems, which give rise to leafless stalks bearing capsules. Spores formed in the capsules are released and grow to produce new plants. (Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990). Many small plants bearing the name moss are in fact not mosses. The "moss" found on the north side of trees is actually a green alga (CHLOROPHYTA). Irish moss is really a red alga (RHODOPHYTA). Beard lichen (beard moss), Iceland moss, oak moss, and reindeer moss are actually LICHENS. Spanish moss is a common name for both LICHENS and an air plant (TILLANDSIA usneoides) of the pineapple family. Club moss is an evergreen herb of the family LYCOPODIACEAE.

That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared range.

The capacity of an organism to defend itself against pathological processes or the agents of those processes. This most often involves innate immunity whereby the organism responds to pathogens in a generic way. The term disease resistance is used most frequently when referring to plants.

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

The protoplasm and plasma membrane of plant, fungal, bacterial or archaeon cells without the CELL WALL.

Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.

A group of plant cells that are capable of dividing infinitely and whose main function is the production of new growth at the growing tip of a root or stem. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria isolated from soil and the stems, leafs, and roots of plants. Some biotypes are pathogenic and cause the formation of PLANT TUMORS in a wide variety of higher plants. The species is a major research tool in biotechnology.

Self-replicating cytoplasmic organelles of plant and algal cells that contain pigments and may synthesize and accumulate various substances. PLASTID GENOMES are used in phylogenetic studies.

A family (Aphididae) of small insects, in the suborder Sternorrhyncha, that suck the juices of plants. Important genera include Schizaphis and Myzus. The latter is known to carry more than 100 virus diseases between plants.

A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that activate PLANT ROOT NODULATION in leguminous plants. Members of this genus are nitrogen-fixing and common soil inhabitants.

Woody, usually tall, perennial higher plants (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, and some Pterophyta) having usually a main stem and numerous branches.

Change brought about to an organisms genetic composition by unidirectional transfer (TRANSFECTION; TRANSDUCTION, GENETIC; CONJUGATION, GENETIC, etc.) and incorporation of foreign DNA into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells by recombination of part or all of that DNA into the cell's genome.

Organic compounds that have a relatively high VAPOR PRESSURE at room temperature.

A creeping annual plant species of the CUCURBITACEAE family. It has a rough succulent, trailing stem and hairy leaves with three to five pointed lobes.

Plant hormones that promote the separation of daughter cells after mitotic division of a parent cell. Frequently they are purine derivatives.

A technique for growing plants in culture solutions rather than in soil. The roots are immersed in an aerated solution containing the correct proportions of essential mineral salts. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

Any of several BRASSICA species that are commonly called mustard. Brassica alba is white mustard, B. juncea is brown or Chinese mustard, and B. nigra is black, brown, or red mustard. The plant is grown both for mustard seed from which oil is extracted or used as SPICES, and for its greens used as VEGETABLES or ANIMAL FEED. There is no relationship to MUSTARD COMPOUNDS.

The unfavorable effect of environmental factors (stressors) on the physiological functions of an organism. Prolonged unresolved physiological stress can affect HOMEOSTASIS of the organism, and may lead to damaging or pathological conditions.

A large order of insects characterized by having the mouth parts adapted to piercing or sucking. It is comprised of four suborders: HETEROPTERA, Auchenorrhyncha, Sternorrhyncha, and Coleorrhyncha.

A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

An endosymbiont that is either a bacterium or fungus living part of its life in a plant. Endophytes can benefit host plants by preventing pathogenic organisms from colonizing them.

The variety of all native living organisms and their various forms and interrelationships.

A plant family of the order Solanales, subclass Asteridae. Among the most important are POTATOES; TOMATOES; CAPSICUM (green and red peppers); TOBACCO; and BELLADONNA.

The non-genetic biological changes of an organism in response to challenges in its ENVIRONMENT.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

A division of the plant kingdom. Bryophyta contains the subdivision, Musci, which contains the classes: Andreaeopsida, BRYOPSIDA, and SPHAGNOPSIDA.

Seedless nonflowering plants of the class Filicinae. They reproduce by spores that appear as dots on the underside of feathery fronds. In earlier classifications the Pteridophyta included the club mosses, horsetails, ferns, and various fossil groups. In more recent classifications, pteridophytes and spermatophytes (seed-bearing plants) are classified in the Subkingdom Tracheobionta (also known as Tracheophyta).

The physical distribution of plants in various forms and stages of development through time and space.

A phylum of fungi which have cross-walls or septa in the mycelium. The perfect state is characterized by the formation of a saclike cell (ascus) containing ascospores. Most pathogenic fungi with a known perfect state belong to this phylum.

Plant tissue that carries water up the root and stem. Xylem cell walls derive most of their strength from LIGNIN. The vessels are similar to PHLOEM sieve tubes but lack companion cells and do not have perforated sides and pores.

A class of plant growth hormone isolated from cultures of Gibberella fujikuroi, a fungus causing Bakanae disease in rice. There are many different members of the family as well as mixtures of multiple members; all are diterpenoid acids based on the gibberellane skeleton.

A plant species of the family FABACEAE widely cultivated for ANIMAL FEED.

Gymnosperms are a group of vascular plants whose seeds are not enclosed by a ripened ovary (fruit), in contrast to ANGIOSPERMS whose seeds are surrounded by an ovary wall. The seeds of many gymnosperms (literally, "naked seed") are borne in cones and are not visible. Taxonomists now recognize four distinct divisions of extant gymnospermous plants (CONIFEROPHYTA; CYCADOPHYTA; GINKGOPHYTA; and GNETOPHYTA).

Facilities that convert NUCLEAR ENERGY into electrical energy.

The fleshy or dry ripened ovary of a plant, enclosing the seed or seeds.

The outermost layer of a cell in most PLANTS; BACTERIA; FUNGI; and ALGAE. The cell wall is usually a rigid structure that lies external to the CELL MEMBRANE, and provides a protective barrier against physical or chemical agents.

A plant genus of the family Plantaginaceae. The small plants usually have a dense tuft of basal leaves and long, leafless stalks bearing a terminal spike of small flowers. The seeds, known as PSYLLIUM, swell in water and are used as laxatives. The leaves have been used medicinally.

A system of traditional medicine which is based on the beliefs and practices of the African peoples. It includes treatment by medicinal plants and other materia medica as well as by the ministrations of diviners, medicine men, witch doctors, and sorcerers.

A plant genus in the family LILIACEAE (sometimes placed in Asparagaceae) that contains ECDYSTEROIDS and is an ingredient of Siotone. The shoots are used as a vegetable and the roots are used in FOLK MEDICINE.

A part of the embryo in a seed plant. The number of cotyledons is an important feature in classifying plants. In seeds without an endosperm, they store food which is used in germination. In some plants, they emerge above the soil surface and become the first photosynthetic leaves. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

The mint plant family. They are characteristically aromatic, and many of them are cultivated for their oils. Most have square stems, opposite leaves, and two-lipped, open-mouthed, tubular corollas (united petals), with five-lobed, bell-like calyxes (united sepals).

The study of the actions and properties of medicinal agents, often derived from PLANTS, indigenous to populations or ETHNIC GROUPS.

The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in the soil. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.

A plant genus of the family CUCURBITACEAE, order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, which includes pumpkin, gourd and squash.

A genus herbs of the Asteraceae family. The SEEDS yield oil and are used as food and animal feed; the roots of Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem artichoke) are edible.

The region of the stem beneath the stalks of the seed leaves (cotyledons) and directly above the young root of the embryo plant. It grows rapidly in seedlings showing epigeal germination and lifts the cotyledons above the soil surface. In this region (the transition zone) the arrangement of vascular bundles in the root changes to that of the stem. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

A genus of gram negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria found in soil, plants, and marine mud.

A plant genus in the family FABACEAE which is the source of edible beans and the lectin PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS.

A genus of PLANT VIRUSES, in the family CAULIMOVIRIDAE, that are transmitted by APHIDS in a semipersistent manner. Aphid-borne transmission of some caulimoviruses requires certain virus-coded proteins termed transmission factors.

A plant species of the family BRASSICACEAE best known for the edible roots.

A plant species of the family FABACEAE used to study GENETICS because it is DIPLOID, self fertile, has a small genome, and short generation time.

The relationship between an invertebrate and another organism (the host), one of which lives at the expense of the other. Traditionally excluded from definition of parasites are pathogenic BACTERIA; FUNGI; VIRUSES; and PLANTS; though they may live parasitically.

The interactions between a host and a pathogen, usually resulting in disease.

A nonmetallic element with atomic symbol C, atomic number 6, and atomic weight [12.0096; 12.0116]. It may occur as several different allotropes including DIAMOND; CHARCOAL; and GRAPHITE; and as SOOT from incompletely burned fuel.

A mitosporic Leotiales fungal genus of plant pathogens. It has teleomorphs in the genus Botryotina.

Higher plants that live primarily in terrestrial habitats, although some are secondarily aquatic. Most obtain their energy from PHOTOSYNTHESIS. They comprise the vascular and non-vascular plants.

Any of the various plants of the genus Lactuca, especially L. sativa, cultivated for its edible leaves. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)

Eukaryotes in the group STRAMENOPILES, formerly considered FUNGI, whose exact taxonomic level is unsettled. Many consider Oomycetes (Oomycota) a phylum in the kingdom Stramenopila, or alternatively, as Pseudofungi in the phylum Heterokonta of the kingdom Chromista. They are morphologically similar to fungi but have no close phylogenetic relationship to them. Oomycetes are found in both fresh and salt water as well as in terrestrial environments. (Alexopoulos et al., Introductory Mycology, 4th ed, pp683-4). They produce flagellated, actively motile spores (zoospores) that are pathogenic to many crop plants and FISHES.

Separation of shoot and floral identity in Arabidopsis. (1/17430)

The overall morphology of an Arabidopsis plant depends on the behaviour of its meristems. Meristems derived from the shoot apex can develop into either shoots or flowers. The distinction between these alternative fates requires separation between the function of floral meristem identity genes and the function of an antagonistic group of genes, which includes TERMINAL FLOWER 1. We show that the activities of these genes are restricted to separate domains of the shoot apex by different mechanisms. Meristem identity genes, such as LEAFY, APETALA 1 and CAULIFLOWER, prevent TERMINAL FLOWER 1 transcription in floral meristems on the apex periphery. TERMINAL FLOWER 1, in turn, can inhibit the activity of meristem identity genes at the centre of the shoot apex in two ways; first by delaying their upregulation, and second, by preventing the meristem from responding to LEAFY or APETALA 1. We suggest that the wild-type pattern of TERMINAL FLOWER 1 and floral meristem identity gene expression depends on the relative timing of their upregulation. (+info)

Activation of systemic acquired silencing by localised introduction of DNA. (2/17430)

BACKGROUND: In plants, post-transcriptional gene silencing results in RNA degradation after transcription. Among tobacco transformants carrying a nitrate reductase (Nia) construct under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (35S-Nia2), one class of transformants spontaneously triggers Nia post-transcriptional gene silencing (class II) whereas another class does not (class I). Non-silenced plants of both classes become silenced when grafted onto silenced stocks, indicating the existence of a systemic silencing signal. Graft-transmitted silencing is maintained in class II but not in class I plants when removed from silenced stocks, indicating similar requirements for spontaneous triggering and maintenance. RESULTS: Introduction of 35S-Nia2 DNA by the gene transfer method called biolistics led to localised acquired silencing (LAS) in bombarded leaves of wild-type, class I and class II plants, and to systemic acquired silencing (SAS) in class II plants. SAS occurred even if the targeted leaf was removed 2 days after bombardment, indicating that the systemic signal is produced, transmitted and amplified rapidly. SAS was activated by sense, antisense and promoterless Nia2 DNA constructs, indicating that transcription is not required although it does stimulate SAS. CONCLUSIONS: SAS was activated by biolistic introduction of promoterless constructs, indicating that the DNA itself is a potent activator of post-transcriptional gene silencing. The systemic silencing signal invaded the whole plant by cell-to-cell and long-distance propagation, and reamplification of the signal. (+info)

Gene silencing: plants and viruses fight it out. (3/17430)

Plants can become 'immune' to attack by viruses by degrading specific viral RNA, but some plant viruses have evolved the general capacity to suppress this resistance mechanism. (+info)

Loss-of-function mutations in the rice homeobox gene OSH15 affect the architecture of internodes resulting in dwarf plants. (4/17430)

The rice homeobox gene OSH15 (Oryza sativa homeobox) is a member of the knotted1-type homeobox gene family. We report here on the identification and characterization of a loss-of-function mutation in OSH15 from a library of retrotransposon-tagged lines of rice. Based on the phenotype and map position, we have identified three independent deletion alleles of the locus among conventional morphological mutants. All of these recessive mutations, which are considered to be null alleles, exhibit defects in internode elongation. Introduction of a 14 kbp genomic DNA fragment that includes all exons, introns and 5'- and 3'- flanking sequences of OSH15 complemented the defects in internode elongation, confirming that they were caused by the loss-of-function of OSH15. Internodes of the mutants had abnormal-shaped epidermal and hypodermal cells and showed an unusual arrangement of small vascular bundles. These mutations demonstrate a role for OSH15 in the development of rice internodes. This is the first evidence that the knotted1-type homeobox genes have roles other than shoot apical meristem formation and/or maintenance in plant development. (+info)

An Arabidopsis 14-3-3 protein can act as a transcriptional activator in yeast. (5/17430)

The 14-3-3 proteins are a group of highly conserved and widely distributed eukaryotic proteins with diverse functions. One 14-3-3 protein, AFT1 from Arabidopsis thaliana, was found to be able to activate transcription in yeast. When fused to the DNA-binding domain of a bacterial protein LexA, AFT1 can activate transcription of reporter genes that contain LexA operator sequences in their promoters. Although the in vivo function of AFT1 is not completely known, its similarity to previously identified proteins found in transcription complexes of Arabidopsis and maize suggests that AFT1 and some other 14-3-3 proteins may activate gene expression in other systems as well. (+info)

Magnesium ion-induced changes in the binding mode of adenylates to chloroplast coupling factor 1. (6/17430)

The effect of Mg2+ on the binding of adenylates to isolated chloroplast coupling factor 1 (CF1) was studied using CD spectrometry and ultrafiltration. At adenylate concentrations smaller than 100 muM, one mole of CF1 binds three moles of ATP (or ADP) regardless of the presence of Mg2+. In the presence of Mg2+, the first two ATP's bind to CF1 independently with the same binding constant of 2.5 X 10(-1) muM-1, then the third ATP binds with a much higher affinity of 10 muM-1. In the absence of Mg2+, the first ATP binds to CF1 with a binding constant of 2.5 X 10(-1) muM-1 then the other two ATP's bind less easily with the same binding constant of 4.0 X 10(-2) muM-1. The binding mode of ADP to CF1 is quite similar to that of ATP. In the presence of Mg2+, the binding constants of the first two ADP's are both 7.6 X 10(-2) muM-1, that of the third ADP being 4.0 muM-1. In the absence of Mg2+, the binding constant of the first ADP is 7.6 X 10(-2) muM-1, the constants of the other two ADP's both being 4.0 X 10(-2) muM-1. AMP caused a negligible change in CD. (+info)

Isolation and characterization of two mouse L cell lines resistant to the toxic lectin ricin. (7/17430)

Two variant mouse L cell lines (termed CL 3 and CL 6) have been selected for resistant to ricin, a galactose-binding lectin with potent cytotoxic activity. The resistant lines exhibit a 50 to 70% decrease in ricin binding and a 300- to 500-fold increase in resistance to the toxic effects of ricin. Crude membrane preparations of CL 3 cells have increased sialic acid content (200% of control), while the galactose, mannose, and hexosamine content is within normal limits. Both the glycoproteins and glycolipids of CL 3 cells have increased sialic acid, with the GM3:lactosylceramide ratios for parent L and CL 3 cells being 0.29 and 1.5, respectively. In contrast, the membranes of CL 6 cells have a decrease in sialic acid, galactose, and hexosamine content with mannose being normal. Both cell lines have specific alterations in glycosyltransferase activities which can account for the observed membrane sugar changes. CL 3 cells have increased CMP-sialic acid:glycoprotein sialyltransferase and GM3 synthetase activities, while CL 6 cells have decrease UDP-GlcNAc:glycoproteinN-acetylglucosaminyltransferase and DPU-galactose:glycoprotein galactosyltransferase activities. The increased sialic acid content of CL 3 cells serves to mask ricin binding sites, since neuraminidase treatment of this cell line restores ricin binding to essentially normal levels. However, the fact that neuraminidase-treated CL 3 cells are still 45-fold resistant to ricin indicates that either a special class of productive ricin binding sites is not being exposed or that the cell line has a second mechanism for ricin resistance. (+info)

Functional expression of the plant alternative oxidase affects growth of the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. (8/17430)

We have investigated the extent to which functional expression of the plant alternative oxidase (from Sauromatum guttatum) in Schizosaccharomyces pombe affects yeast growth. When cells are cultured on glycerol, the maximum specific growth rate is decreased from 0.13 to 0.11 h-1 while growth yield is lowered by 20% (from 1. 14 x 10(8) to 9.12 x 10(7) cells ml-1). Kinetic studies suggest that the effect on growth is mitochondrial in origin. In isolated mitochondria we found that the alternative oxidase actively competes with the cytochrome pathway for reducing equivalents and contributes up to 24% to the overall respiratory activity. Metabolic control analysis reveals that the alternative oxidase exerts a considerable degree of control (22%) on total electron flux. Furthermore, the negative control exerted by the alternative oxidase on the flux ratio of electrons through the cytochrome and alternative pathways is comparable with the positive control exerted on this flux-ratio by the cytochrome pathway. To our knowledge, this is the first paper to report a phenotypic effect because of plant alternative oxidase expression. We suggest that the effect on growth is the result of high engagement of the non-protonmotive alternative oxidase in yeast respiration that, consequently, lowers the efficiency of energy conservation and hence growth. (+info)

No data available that match "plant proteins"

Red or green lentils contain plenty of protein, fiber, and key nutrients, including iron and potassium . (medicalnewstoday.com)
Cooked lentils contain 8.84 g of protein per ½ cup. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Lentils are a great source of protein to add to a lunch or dinner routine. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Plus, one cup of lentils provides more than 1/3 of the minimum recommended daily amount of protein at around 18 grams. (inhabitat.com)
Beans rank nearly as high as lentils on the protein scale, and there are myriad options to match any taste profile. (inhabitat.com)
Beans (27% protein) lentils (36%), chickpeas (33%), peas (30%), and kale (22%) provide the greatest opportunity to acquire micronutrients packaged with protein. (wholefoodsmarket.com)
Seven years since Parabel started commercializing protein derived from water lentils-also known as duckweed or Lemnaceae-the company found that supplement formulators in the US are more reluctant to use the ingredient than other plant-sourced proteins. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
Lentils provide eight grams of protein per one-cup serving. (healthcentral.com)
Ideally, lentils are combined with complementary proteins such as nuts, seeds, rice and grains to become a complete protein that contains all nine amino acids. (healthcentral.com)
Powering up on plant proteins-beans, lentils, peas, soyfoods, nuts, seeds, and whole grains-has been one of the hottest food and nutrition trends over the past few years. (todaysdietitian.com)
Nuts, legumes including beans and lentils, and even whole grains all contain some protein and can be quite filling. (medicinenet.com)
lentils are based on the principal of combining complementary proteins. (coursera.org)
Overall, the global demand for grains and pulses, including soy, peas, wheat, canola, oats and lentils, for the production of alterative protein is conservatively estimated to hit 41 million tonnes by 2035, with soy and pea farming taking more than half the market share. (edc.ca)
In short, Canada is perfectly poised to embrace the opportunity to become a value-added, plant-protein producer from its existing position as the world's leading exporter of pulses, peas and lentils. (edc.ca)
Currently, some of the hottest protein sources are plant-based, and include algae, quinoa, and pulses (beans, lentils, and peas), according to surveys conducted by the Institute of Food Technologies. (recipeland.com)
Negative associations of soy with GMOs and allergens is leaving room for other legume based proteins, such as chickpeas, lentils, fava, mung, and lupin beans to capture a rapidly increasing share of the market. (preparedfoods.com)
The commonality among the various vegetarian groups is that they all center on a plant-based diet that emphasizes vegetables, fruit, grains and legumes (beans, lentils, and peanuts). (acefitness.org)
And beans and lentils are great protein additions to toss in soups and salads. (acefitness.org)
Derived from water lentils, Lentein is rich in protein and contains levels of essential amino acids and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) comparable to whey. (ift.org)
Lentils: 8.84 grams of protein per 1/2 cup. (leadership.ng)

Concerned about meeting protein needs on a vegan or vegetarian diet? (eventbrite.com)
Soy products such as tofu, tempeh, and edamame are among the richest sources of protein in a vegan diet. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Tofu has long been associated with vegan and vegetarian diets as a protein replacement for good reason. (inhabitat.com)
No doubt the sustainability issue is the biggest factor driving interest," says Virginia Messina, MPH, RD, coauthor of Vegan for Life: Everything You Need to Know to Be Healthy and Fit on a Plant-Based Diet . (todaysdietitian.com)
If you have recently decided to go vegan, but you're having a little bit of trouble getting enough protein in your diet, several powders might be right for you. (popsci.com)
But plant foods can provide protein as well, and there are plenty of strong vegan athletes-so it's definitely possible to build muscle on a plant-based diet. (lifehacker.com)
Because it's harder to get a good balance of amino acids with a vegan diet than an omnivorous one, and because plant-based protein sources are sometimes less digestible, some guidelines recommend that vegan athletes aim for a slightly higher total amount of protein than omnivores, just to be sure you're covering all your needs. (lifehacker.com)
Vegan means non-meat, plant-based. (healthcentral.com)
In a national online survey , respondents were asked to select "vegan" or "plant-based" in a series of questions. (healthcentral.com)
Interestingly, the term plant-based was identified as offering more nutrients, tasting better, and being healthier compared to vegan. (healthcentral.com)
Our organic and vegan oat protein milks harness the true promise of plants, from protein-rich oats, nuts and seeds to naturally delicious spices and botanicals. (prnewswire.com)
The market for plant-based, vegetarian and vegan options is booming. (dsm.com)
Products with a plant based claim are perceived as healthier and as having a better taste compared to products with a vegan and/or vegetarian claim. (anuga.com)
Plant based, vegan, and vegetarian all show strong growth, with plant based having the lowest penetration but fastest growth. (anuga.com)
There's never been an easier time to enjoy varied and exciting plant-based dishes, whether simply plant-forward or vegan/vegetarian. (todaysdietitian.com)
So many of the novel vegan proteins in the world are focused on pea protein," she says. (todaysdietitian.com)
These gluten-free, vegan, pea protein cookies pack in 16g of protein and 10-12g of fiber in every 100g cookie. (foodprocessing.com)
Pea protein is a central ingredient in several vegan products, including Ripple Foods' plant-based milk and Beyond Meat's popular vegan Beyond Burger. (vegnews.com)
In September, vegan director James Cameron and his wife Suzy Amis Cameron launched Verdient Foods -a company that will open a pea-protein facility in Canada with the mission of further pushing consumer habits away from animal protein. (vegnews.com)
While it's somewhat easier to get adequate protein on a vegetarian diet, which includes high-quality sources such as milk, cheese, cottage cheese, and eggs, it is still possible to consume an adequate intake of protein on a vegan diet. (oldwayspt.org)
PEScience Vegan Series Select Protein provides 20 grams of pea and brown rice protein per serving! (illpumpyouup.com)
SAN Raw Fusion is one of the best vegan proteins on the market, supplying you with 21 grams of prote. (illpumpyouup.com)
The survey also shows that 39% of Americans are trying to incorporate more plant-based foods into their diets, and that preference for plant-based options is not limited to only those who practice a strictly vegetarian or vegan diet. (prnewswire.com)
This vegan friendly formula acts as an ultimate plant based protein source to meet the needs of athletes looking to maximise lean muscle and optimise recovery. (aminoz.com.au)
Since collagen is a protein that only comes from bones, hides, hooves, horns and other parts of animals, people who are plant-based (vegan) want a supplement that adheres to their values while providing them with the benefits of collagen. (biospace.com)
They do this by providing top quality plant-based proteins, superfood supplements and education on natural health, fitness tips, and vegan recipes on their website at Sunwarrior.com . (biospace.com)

Some plant products, such as soy beans and quinoa , are complete proteins, which means that they contain all nine essential amino acids that humans need. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Nutritional research has also discovered that plant-based protein from a wide variety of sources adequately supplies all the essential amino acids required for a healthy body. (wholefoodsmarket.com)
Another term for having all the essential amino acids is "complete" protein. (lifehacker.com)
Many plant-based protein powders are formulated to include all the essential amino acids. (lifehacker.com)
The shelf-stable 11-oz. cartons contain 13g of protein, delivering all essential amino acids to promote satiety and a healthy, lean physique. (foodprocessing.com)
Whether some plant protein sources could appear as deficient in some essential amino acids, mixtures from different sources could represent opportunities to further propose adapted supply regarding specific demand. (openpr.com)
ON GOLD STANDARD 100% Plant™ has a multisource blend of premium, plant-based protein that delivers a complete profile of essential amino acids, outstanding taste and texture, without any artificial flavors, colors or sweeteners. (prnewswire.com)
Consuming Essential Amino Acids (EAAs) in adequate amounts from foods and sports nutrition supplements increases the rate of muscle protein synthesis, a process that plays a key role in muscle building when you commit to a healthy, balanced diet and exercise regularly. (optimumnutrition.com)

If meat is a featured protein in your diet, then an April 2018 study on heart health may have you re-thinking your meat habit. (healthcentral.com)
The company, once known mainly for its processed meats, estimates sales of plant-based protein in North America topped $1 billion in 2018. (cbc.ca)
DOWNERS GROVE, Ill. , Feb. 20, 2018 /PRNewswire/ -- Optimum Nutrition ('ON'), the global leader in performance nutrition and makers of the world's best-selling whey protein powder, is expanding its market-leading GOLD STANDARD® protein line with the brand's first plant-based protein powder. (prnewswire.com)
However, with breeders maximizing protein content in legumes, and technology in making their application meet taste and texture expectations, 2018 promises to be a tipping point for legume proteins. (preparedfoods.com)
While pea protein has proven especially effective in food and beverage formulations, and will continue to trend in 2018, there's a recent boom in demand for chickpeas. (preparedfoods.com)
Food and beverage developers could look to these protein sources for product innovation in 2018. (preparedfoods.com)
Even before the coronavirus pandemic, consultancy Euromonitor last year predicted China's 'free from meat' market, including plant-based products meant to replace meat, would be worth nearly US$12 billion by 2023, up from just under US$10 billion in 2018. (thestar.com.my)

J. Glazebrook, "Genes controlling expression of defense responses in Arabidopsis -2001 status," Current Opinion in Plant Biology , vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 301-308, 2001. (hindawi.com)
A putative RNA-binding protein positively regulates salicylic acid-mediated immunity in Arabidopsis ," Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions , vol. 23, no. 12, pp. 1573-1583, 2010. (hindawi.com)
S. van Nocker and R. D. Vierstra, "Two cDNAs from Arabidopsis thaliana encode putative RNA binding proteins containing glycine-rich domains," Plant Molecular Biology , vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 695-699, 1993. (hindawi.com)
The genomes of higher plants, including Arabidopsis thaliana , Glycine max (soybean), Oryza sativa (rice), and Zea mays (maize), encode approximately 10 to 20 members of the PDI family, which show wide variation in the organization of their thioredoxin (TRX)-fold domains [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
The team applied techniques developed for finding prions in yeast to Arabidopsis thaliana , a flowering mustard plant. (newscientist.com)
Next, the team replaced the prions in yeast cells with the prion-like protein sequences from Arabidopsis , and confirmed that the three of the four plant protein fragments did indeed behave like prions. (newscientist.com)
Proteins of two plants, Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa) were subjected to two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis with two modifications: (i) comigration of external standard marker proteins with resultant horizontal and vertical stripes in the gel, and (ii) deblocking with a vapor of aqueous heptafluorobutyric acid for N-acetylserine. (nih.gov)
Approximately 5000 protein spots were separated from both the five tissues of Arabidopsis and the nine tissues of rice. (nih.gov)
Among the newly sequenced proteins, 62 were from Arabidopsis and 51 from rice. (nih.gov)
Using the model plant, Arabidopsis, and a model pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae, the researchers observed that P. syringae drills through the plant cell wall and secretes effector proteins that target EDS1. (redorbit.com)
Arabidopsis is studied because it has a small genome and is easily manipulated, but EDS1 is present in almost all plants, McDowell said. (redorbit.com)
Completion of the Arabidopsis and rice genome sequences has revealed a particularly large and diverse complement of plant ABC proteins in comparison with other organisms. (nih.gov)
The researchers used the model plant Arabidopsis in their experiments with the aphids. (redorbit.com)
We have now taken a gene for a PPR protein from the moss Physcomitrium patens and transferred it into a flowering plant, the thale cress Arabidopsis thaliana," explains Schallenberg-Rüdinger. (eurekalert.org)
Rockcress, Arabidopsis, is often used as a plant model by botanists and geneticists. (iran-daily.com)
But in analyzing Arabidopsis, or rockcress, a common plant model, scientists at the University of Wisconsin found a new type of protein, called EBS, capable of binding with both activating and repressing chemical marks. (iran-daily.com)

Irish nutrition specialist Kerry has completed a deal to buy Pevesa Biotech, as it looks to expand its position as a market leader in non-allergenic and organic plant protein ingredients. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
Florida-based Parabel, which grows and processes protein powder out of duckweed, has signed a deal with CK Ingredients, allowing the latter to distribute Parabel's branded duckweed protein ingredient Lentein in Canada. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
Having access to a huge global supply is a key factor in putting rice protein at the forefront of the plant-based race, said a developer of the ingredients. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
Customised ingredients that provide functionalities needed for different categories, from dairy to specialised nutrition, will help the development of more plant-based options. (foodnavigator.com)
Traditional crops for plant-based foods, like soy and wheat, could be elevated with the development of ingredients that boast higher protein content, better amino acid profiles, reduced off-flavours and proteins that are more accessible to chemical or mechanical modification. (foodnavigator.com)
Plant-based foods: marketing insights of a booming market and ingredients to support innovation in the field. (foodnavigator.com)
The organic-based company leverages clean, sustainable ingredients including protein-rich oats, nuts, and seeds to reinvent the saturated RTD industry. (prnewswire.com)
Currently, consumers desire to take plant-based protein over animal-based protein since many consumers prefer green natural ingredients than animal based protein which is cholesterol rich and might cause health issues. (globenewswire.com)
There is more inclination of people towards plant protein ingredients which ultimately have paved away the non-meat diet. (globenewswire.com)
From umami-packed savory taste ingredients, through fermentation-derived and naturally extracted gelling and texturizing ingredients, across efficiency-boosting enzymes, to vitamins, nutritional lipids and other essential micronutrients, and high-end plant proteins. (dsm.com)
These include Delvo®Plant for example, a family of enzymes for everything from fine-tuning taste, texture and sweetness to improving the bioavailability of minerals and modifying the solubility of different proteins, as well as hydrocolloids, taste modulators and nutritional ingredients. (dsm.com)
Plant based protein is one of the breakout trends of 2020, with various food and beverage companies seeking to use plant based ingredients as supplements or the main attraction of their new product development. (anuga.com)
All forms of soy protein are declining as a result of the availability of a broad array of plant protein ingredients and as a response to the consumer movement away from soy. (anuga.com)
Pumpkin seed protein, pea protein concentrate, and sunflower protein are among the fastest growing plant protein ingredients in F&B. (anuga.com)
Top market subcategories as a percentage (%) of overall F&B launches tracked with plant protein ingredients (Global, 2019). (anuga.com)
A 2.5-oz serving of one brand of seitan with a base of purely vital wheat gluten (many brands include other ingredients such as chickpea flour or other legume flours) comprises 90 kcal, 1 g fat, 4 g total carbohydrate, 2 g sugars, 1 g fiber, 17 g protein, and 45% DV for iron. (todaysdietitian.com)
With Cargill's support," PURIS President Tyler Lorenzen said, "our plant-based ingredients become available to customers and consumers on a global scale. (vegnews.com)
tub of Nutiva Organic Plant Protein Superfood Shake made with ingredients such as pea protein, pumpkin, hemp, kale, blueberries, and strawberries. (vegnews.com)
Insect meal, algae oil and single cell proteins show promise as novel ingredients in the diets of farmed fish. (allaboutfeed.net)
Every transparent detail counts as we personally craft each product by selecting the seeds, plants and final ingredients. (ralphs.com)
These proteins are becoming key ingredients in the new applications that represent the foods of the future. (preparedfoods.com)
High protein content, clean label attributes, and sustainability are among the characteristics that make legume proteins important ingredients. (preparedfoods.com)
The vast majority of commercially available plant-based protein ingredients comes from only 2% of the 150 plant species on which today's global food supply depends. (preparedfoods.com)
Parabel USA, a producer of plant protein ingredients, has announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) "no objection letter" for its Lentein plant protein. (ift.org)

Even so, getting enough protein and essential vitamins and minerals can be harder for people who do not eat meat or animal products. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Unfortunately, a long marketing campaign sending the message that meat is the primary source of protein has led to a lot of misinformation about the quantity of protein found in plants. (inhabitat.com)
Today, protein is synonymous with animal products and the majority of meals are built around a meat centerpiece. (wholefoodsmarket.com)
Also, throughout history meat-based meals were a symbol of an affluent lifestyle while those of the lower classes consumed a "substandard" plant-based diet. (wholefoodsmarket.com)
Soy proteins like tofu should not be used to completely replace meat in a diet but is a great way to scale back fatty sources of protein by supplementing leaner sources. (healthcentral.com)
Plant-based foods have evolved from functional replacements for meat and dairy to products that mimic the taste, texture and aroma of meat. (foodnavigator.com)
Many people also are concerned about the treatment of farm animals and are interested in replacing meat, dairy, and eggs with plant proteins. (todaysdietitian.com)
The Impossible Burger uses heme to make their plant burger "bleed," sizzle, and smell just like real meat. (todaysdietitian.com)
Even Tyson-one of the largest meat processors in the world-recently announced that it's embracing plant proteins. (todaysdietitian.com)
Protein is a necessary part of the human diet and most commonly found in fish or meat dishes, though it's also a primary part of some nuts and legumes. (popsci.com)
Animal foods (like meat, dairy, and eggs) contain lots of protein, so they're the traditional go-to foods for bodybuilders and other gym-goers. (lifehacker.com)
If you're watching your overall calories (for example if you are trying to lose weight, or maintain your weight in a specific range), meat is a more efficient way to get protein in. (lifehacker.com)
You're more likely to need protein powder to make up the difference, where an omnivore could more easily meet their needs with a few meat-containing meals. (lifehacker.com)
Animal foods, conveniently, have a balanced selection of amino acids-if you eat meat as your main protein source, you'll get plenty of all the amino acids you need. (lifehacker.com)
Death rates associated with meat eaters was significantly higher than death rates among people who mostly consumed nuts and seeds as their regular dietary protein sources. (healthcentral.com)
Nuts and seeds (and legumes) are plant-based non-meat sources of protein. (healthcentral.com)
Plant proteins come with less "baggage" in the form of harmful components, than meat. (kimatv.com)
It can be found in the "plant-based" section of each store's meat department and does not come frozen. (denverpost.com)
King Soopers already offers Beyond Meat products, a competing plant-based meat substitute. (denverpost.com)
The investigators found that swapping just a small amount of animal-based protein -- processed red meat in particular -- with plant-based protein cut the risk of early death from all causes. (medicinenet.com)
Some of the key players operating in the global plant-based protein market are Archer Daniels Midland Company, Cargill, Incorporated, E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Fonterra Co-Operative Group, Kerry Group plc , Beyond Meat, Sun Brothers, LLC. (globenewswire.com)
Led by a desire for sustainability and more healthful eating, Americans are discovering they can get plenty of protein without eating meat or seafood. (qsrmagazine.com)
They look to add tasty plant-based alternatives alongside traditional meat and dairy choices, whether at home or eating out. (dsm.com)
MIssissauga, Ont-based Maple Leaf Foods is investing in meat alternatives, building the largest plant in North America for plant-based protein. (cbc.ca)
Maple Leaf is investing heavily in plant-based products, including tempeh, franks and other meat alternatives. (cbc.ca)
Among both Americans and Canadians, meat, eggs and dairy are the top three protein sources, with seafood and legumes/nuts/seeds falling to fourth and fifth place, respectively. (nielsen.com)
Beyond these top five protein sources, consumers across North America are also turning to whole grains, protein supplements, non-dairy milk alternative beverages and meat substitutes. (nielsen.com)
The isolation of hydrophobic proteins together with rubisco from this source would in principle be sufficient to replace 30 % of the total meat consumption in The Netherlands. (wur.nl)
In some developing economies, that boom has led to a rising middle class and a parallel increase in demand for meat protein-often viewed as a luxury. (edc.ca)
Diving into generational demographics, it's clear that the two largest cohorts are open to embracing a diet of more plants and less meat: 50.31% of millennials and 45.15% of Baby Boomers, according to the AAL report. (edc.ca)
As an increasing number of Canadians consider moving away from meat-based diets, there are several barriers to adopting plant-based protein options. (edc.ca)
Dr Oliver Witard, senior lecturer at the University of Stirling, led a seminar on meat protein versus plant protein and which is the winning formula for muscle growth during Food Matters Live in London this week. (nutraingredients.com)
He pointed out that the consensus, based on greenhouse gas production, has been that meat protein is less environmentally friendly than plant proteins. (nutraingredients.com)
It's a common misconception that it's diﬃcult to get enough protein if you don't eat meat, but studies show that most vegetarians and vegans meet their protein needs. (oldwayspt.org)
Try adding these great plant-based proteins to your diet, and boost your protein while also increasing fibre and other nutrients-without the cholesterol and fat you find in meat based protein sources. (recipeland.com)
It also said what is needed is a shift towards a high proportion of plant-based foods generally, adding new advice could help Canadians eat more fibre-rich foods, eat less red meat, and replace foods that contain mostly saturated fat with foods that contain mostly unsaturated fat. (nationalpost.com)
This 6 ounce pouch makes approximately 1 and a half pounds of plant based protein grounds to use instead of meat in your next recipe! (kickstarter.com)
HONG KONG (Reuters): Demand for plant-based protein foods is surging in Asia, suppliers say, as suspicion over possible links between wild animal meat and the new coronavirus drives some consumers, particularly in Hong Kong and Chinese mainland, to rethink diets. (thestar.com.my)
That had already attracted interest from leading US players like Beyond Meat and Impossible Foods, with coffee chain Starbucks Corp and Yum China's KFC fast food chain announcing plans this week to get in on the act with plant-based product promotions. (thestar.com.my)
Other plant-based proteins such as tempeh, seitan and tofu can be cooked as you would meat (broiled, baked, grilled or sautéed) and enjoyed a number of ways. (acefitness.org)
Arkansas-based Tyson Foods and other meat companies are also producing plant-based protein items in response to consumer demand , and these companies should continue to move in that direction. (pcrm.org)
For a healthy balanced diet, we, as a nation, need to learn to substitute meat with plant proteins. (leadership.ng)
It is not necessary that you get your protein intake from only meat. (leadership.ng)
There are other healthier options as well that will not only provide you with the required amount of protein but also help lower these risks associated with meat and its high-protein diet effects. (leadership.ng)

NEW YORK , Oct. 14, 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- Today, new brand, OATH, announces its launch with hero product, OATH Organic Oat-Milk with Plant Protein , the first and only organic oat-milk protein beverage with 15-16 grams of protein and 6-10 grams of fiber. (prnewswire.com)
SMEs are responsible for a major part of plant protein based innovation, accounting for nearly 80% of all food and beverage launches (Global, 2019). (anuga.com)
WASHINGTON , Utah , April 2, 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- Sunwarrior now provides a collagen-building protein peptides supplement that is completely plant-based. (biospace.com)

We're dedicating a class to exploring plant-based proteins, how to incorporate them into a balanced plate and tips on how to use them. (eventbrite.com)

A novel combination of two Lactobacillus paracasei strains may increase absorption of key amino acids in plant proteins, according to a new placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, multicenter, crossover study. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
To begin, proteins are made of chains of amino acids, some of which are made by the body, while others aren't. (todaysdietitian.com)
Muscle tissue is made of protein, which means it is made of amino acids, and those amino acids have to come from somewhere. (lifehacker.com)
When we say we need protein in our diet, what we really mean is that we need amino acids. (lifehacker.com)
A plant-based diet will still provide all the amino acids, if you have a reasonable variety of foods. (lifehacker.com)
Four of the world's most potent plant protein sources, fortified with key amino acids and digestive enzymes to create an uncompromising fusion of taste, potency and digestibility - all in one. (wegmans.com)
A study published in the journal Amino Acids looked at differences between plant-based and animal protein sources. (optimumnutrition.com)
The primary structure of these proteins contains an N-terminal hydrophobic leader sequence of 30-40 amino acids, which could represent a signal for translocation of the protein to the ER. (wikipedia.org)

As technical developments continue apace, what does the future hold for innovation in alternative proteins? (foodnavigator.com)
He contrasts younger diners' ease in ordering alternative proteins to baby boomers "who come in and have a salad with chicken because it's comfortable and approachable to them. (qsrmagazine.com)
Lux Research Inc.'s report on alternative proteins indicates that proteins from fungi and algae will experience growth in next five years. (preparedfoods.com)

Danish company 3A Business Consulting has published a new report, Dairy and Plant Proteins in Weight Management and Healthy Ageing 2020-2024. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
While it is lower in protein than dairy yogurts, it is safe for people who are lactose intolerant. (healthcentral.com)
The EU is discriminating against soy and plant-based proteins that are nutritionally similar - or even healthier - than the sugary dairy products it has pledged to subsidise, says the European Natural Soy and Plant-Based Foods Manufacturers Association (ENSA). (foodnavigator.com)
But ENSA says the move "promotes discrimination" against products that are as nutritious as dairy and serve the same needs, namely plant-based proteins. (foodnavigator.com)
"It [the scheme] allows the distribution of processed foods and flavoured dairy products with added sugars but completely excludes healthy and resource-efficient plant-based drinks which have a lower total sugar content than milk, " it said. (foodnavigator.com)
With many trying to increase their intake of plant-based foods, varied plant proteins, ranging from pseudo-grains such as flax, hemp and quinoa to pulses and nuts, are finding their way into dairy alternatives, beverages, baked goods and snack foods. (foodprocessing.com)
For example, in the beverage sector, Califia Farms, Bakersfield, Calif., reformulated and extended its line of Protein Almondmilk to now offer 8g of protein per serving, which is comparable in protein content to an 8-oz. glass of dairy milk. (foodprocessing.com)
If you're a vegetarian, you should still power up on plant proteins, but you also can add 2 to 3 servings of dairy foods every day, and a few egg servings each week. (oldwayspt.org)
ON GOLD STANDARD 100% Plant™ is available in three flavors - chocolate, vanilla and mixed berry - which can be mixed easily with water or dairy-free milk. (prnewswire.com)
Plant-based meats and dairy products continue to grow faster than their animal-based counterparts. (preparedfoods.com)
One of the major changes expected in the new guide is a focus on plant-based sources of proteins - a move that has sparked concern among industry players, including the Dairy Farmers of Canada. (nationalpost.com)
But Green Monday's Yeung said his company's online sales have more than doubled in the last two months, citing the impact of the coronavirus: Among the most popular purchases is a pork substitute called Omnipork, used in dumplings, noodles and rice, while Beyond burgers, plant-based chicken nuggets and non-dairy milks have also been doing well, he said. (thestar.com.my)

It contains around 10 grams of protein per 1/2 cup, and tofu can be added to just about anything, from soup to salads to sandwiches. (inhabitat.com)
Tofu has 17 grams of protein in a one-cup serving and is considered a complete protein. (healthcentral.com)
A couple of decades ago, you'd be hard pressed to find tofu, veggie burgers, or plant-based milk in mainstream supermarkets, restaurants, or foodservice establishments. (todaysdietitian.com)
Three-quarters of a cup of tofu will give you roughly the same calories, but with only 15 grams of protein. (lifehacker.com)
Soy is one of the few complete plant proteins, so tofu is a great choice. (lifehacker.com)
nuts and tofu tend to be incomplete sources of protein. (coursera.org)
Still, seitan hasn't been embraced as enthusiastically in some plant-based circles as have other plant protein sources such as pulses and tofu, likely due to unfounded gluten fears and greater awareness surrounding celiac disease and nonceliac gluten sensitivity-after all, seitan is essentially pure gluten. (todaysdietitian.com)
Protein from vegetable or plant sources such as whole grains, soy, tofu may protect women from early menopause. (medindia.net)
Long-term, high intake of vegetable protein from such foods as whole grains, soy and tofu, may protect women from early menopause and could prolong reproductive function. (medindia.net)

Ingredient suppliers need to enhance the extraction process to meet the taste and nutritional requirements of consumers, finding new methods to extract plant proteins with processes that don't introduce large amounts of salt. (foodnavigator.com)
The organic oat milks harness the power of PLANTS WITH PROMISE TM to deliver functional health benefits, with each ingredient handpicked for its 'promise' of nutrients, evocative flavor, and exceptional taste. (prnewswire.com)
The Food and Drug Administration recently issued a "GRAS No Objection Letter" for Parabel USA Inc.'s trademarked Lentein plant protein, according to the ingredient producer. (foodsafetynews.com)
Animal feed market is also a growing segment which uses plant protein as an animal feed ingredient to depend on the more sustainable source which uses less energy consumption, land usage and water consumption. (globenewswire.com)
Having been little more than an afterthought in the history of the limited-service restaurant industry, plant-based proteins today are increasingly becoming an integral ingredient in many menus. (qsrmagazine.com)
Having a plant-based ingredient as the protein in a menu item "is appealing to a younger age group," says Michael Stebner, culinary director at Sweetgreen, which has more than 50 units. (qsrmagazine.com)
While the use of soy proteins is declining, it remains the top plant protein ingredient, followed by pea protein. (anuga.com)
According to Innova, protein is expected to maintain its position as a key ingredient in the industry. (nutraingredients.com)
Find it in the bulk aisle of your local supermarket, and look for grain products that list quinoa as an ingredient (breads, cereals, crackers, baked goods, or protein bars). (recipeland.com)

And these trendy protein sources are continuing along the same trajectory this year, appearing on many of the 2017 food trends lists. (todaysdietitian.com)
HAVANA, Nov 7 2017 (IPS) - Based on protein plants, pasture and fodder, Orlando Corrales produces cow and goat milk on a farm located next to a major road in the Cuban capital. (ipsnews.net)
The International Food Information Council (IFIC) Foundation's 2017 Annual Food and Health Survey showed 73% of shoppers view plant proteins as healthy, as compared to only 38% for animal protein. (foodprocessing.com)
Market research report shows that the global plant protein-based supplement market will exhibit a CAGR of 7.48% from 2017 to 2025. (nutraingredients.com)
Eating more vegetable protein may protect against early menopause, American Journal of Epidemiology (2017). (medindia.net)

The plant-based protein industry got a big boost earlier this month when an alliance of 120 companies and organizations with a focus on developing plant-based proteins won a spot in the federal government's $950 million Innovation Superclusters Initiative. (digitaljournal.com)

Although seeds are small, they pack a punch when it comes to providing protein. (inhabitat.com)
Tossing sesame seeds into your vegetable stir-fry or snacking on sunflower seeds is another easy way to up your protein consumption. (inhabitat.com)
One cup of pumpkin seeds provides 12 grams of protein. (inhabitat.com)
Plant cells have two distinct types of vacuoles: the prototypical lytic vacuole (LV), which has high hydrolytic activity and shares functions with the yeast vacuole and mammalian lysosome, and the protein storage vacuole (PSV), a plant-specific organelle that is specialized in accumulating reserve proteins and is prevalent in seeds [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
The developing endosperm cells of seeds actively synthesize large amounts of storage proteins that acquire disulfide bonds in the ER. (hindawi.com)
A pioneer in the space, OATH utilizes atypical proteins like almonds, pumpkin seeds, and oats, uniting them with natural sweeteners like apple fiber, spices and botanicals including saffron, ginger, and cardamom to offer numerous health benefits and create a flavor, taste, and silky mouthfeel that has yet to exist. (prnewswire.com)
We also grow sugar cane, which does not provide much protein but does provide energy and good flavour, piñon florido (Gliricidia sepium), Chinese hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis), gumbo-limbo (Bursera simaruba) and poplar (Populus)… we have a bank of seeds of these plants and a lot of food even for times of severe drought," he told IPS. (ipsnews.net)
In snack foods, PowerBar Plant Protein bars are made with nuts, seeds and crisped rice, with each bar containing 10-11g of protein from almond, cashew or peanut sources, depending on flavor, and 7-8g of fiber. (foodprocessing.com)
Whip up a smoothie with protein-rich soymilk, hemp seeds, ﬂax seeds, and fruit. (oldwayspt.org)
I. The appeal of the patent proprietor (appellant) lies from the decision of the opposition division dated 14 May 2009 revoking the European patent No. 1 019 517 (application No. 98949710.2) with the title 'Production of proteins in plant seeds' under Article 101(3)(b) EPC. (epo.org)
Chia seeds: 4 grams of protein per 2 tablespoons. (leadership.ng)

A shift away from animal products is getting easier with more fortified and nutritious plant-based foods available. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Read on for a list of some of the best plant-based foods for protein. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The right plant-based foods can be excellent sources of protein and other nutrients, often with fewer calories than animal products. (medicalnewstoday.com)
If you are looking for ways to bring more plant-based foods onto your plate, here are 10 excellent sources of plant-based protein. (inhabitat.com)
India-based start up company Axia Foods is a plant-based firm that originally launches the first almond cheese protein bars under the Prochez brand. (trendhunter.com)
So if you want to build muscle on plant foods, you'll have to work a little harder than an omnivore to get all your protein in without going over your calorie target. (lifehacker.com)
But plant foods aren't always as well balanced. (lifehacker.com)
The scheme has a very strong educational component and this is what ENSA would like to contribute to in order to make sure that children and their parents are made aware of the health and environmental benefits of soy and plant-based foods. (foodnavigator.com)
concentrations that these foods are called complete protein sources. (coursera.org)
Much of the discussion on plant based protein has often been focused on younger consumers, such as millennials, who tend to be concerned about the sustainability of the food they eat and are often eager to try new foods and dietary concepts. (anuga.com)
Liberty, N.Y.-based BFY Foods now offers non-GMO and gluten-free light and crispy plant-protein-packed popped snacks named Our Little Rebellion Protein Crisps. (foodprocessing.com)
The animal agriculture feed supplier joins PURIS-the largest pea-protein producer in North America-in its mission to create sustainable plant-based foods. (vegnews.com)
Cargill invested an undisclosed amount into the company to support its efforts in developing sustainable plant-based foods. (vegnews.com)
Look for protein in plant-based yogurts and milks, cereals, breads, and snack foods. (oldwayspt.org)
Dan Prefontaine, president of the Saskatchewan Food Industry Development Centre Inc., which develops new kinds of foods points out that much of the research is being driven by the demand for more protein sources. (digitaljournal.com)
Many food manufacturers are trying to add protein to foods when they can and develop new products that contain protein. (recipeland.com)
It is likely that you will start to see algae, quinoa, and pulses in more of your favourite foods (including cereals, breads, crackers, and other foods that usually contain little-to-no protein). (recipeland.com)
The department is not saying that animal-based proteins are not nutritious, Hutchinson said, noting the food guide will continue to recommend Canadians choose from foods including include lower-fat milk, lower-fat yogurt and cheeses lower in fat and sodium. (nationalpost.com)
However, there will be a bit of an emphasis, a focus on having more plant-based foods," he said. (nationalpost.com)
Regular intake of plant-based foods, so vegetables, fruit, whole grains, and these plant-based proteins can have positive effects on health," he said, noting cardiovascular disease is a particular concern. (nationalpost.com)
Impossible Pork, a new plant-based pork product by Impossible Foods, is served at the 2020 Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Nevada on Jan 9, 2020. (thestar.com.my)
Incorporating plant-based foods just one day a week can make a big difference in the way we feel. (acefitness.org)
America's biggest food companies, including Arkansas-based Tyson Foods , are producing products made with chickpeas and other healthful plant-based protein sources. (pcrm.org)
By contrast, one of the most profitable manufacturers of plant-based protein, Impossible Foods, reports zero coronavirus cases at its facility in Oakland, Calif. (pcrm.org)

The 14-3-3s form a family of highly conserved proteins found in all eukaryotes that bind to phosphoserine/phosphothreonine-containing motifs. (frontiersin.org)
Plant lipid transfer proteins, also known as plant LTPs or PLTPs, are a group of highly-conserved proteins of about 7-9kDa found in higher plant tissues. (wikipedia.org)

You may not have expected to see chocolate on the list, but unsweetened raw cocoa powder provides a host of nutritional value, not the least of which is 1 gram of protein per tablespoon. (inhabitat.com)
Whether you're a frequent gym-goer or just trying to improve your diet, a great protein powder can leave you looking good and feeling better with minimal effort involved. (popsci.com)
If so, a protein powder can help you stay on track and feel good while doing so. (popsci.com)
So whether you're looking for a boost when bulking or just a way to stay a little healthier, the best protein powder can be a great place to start. (popsci.com)
There are many options out there, so we've put together a short guide to help you find the best protein powder for your lifestyle. (popsci.com)
There are a few things to keep in mind before trying out a new protein powder. (popsci.com)
If you're an athlete and need some extra protein to assist with recovery, look for a powder with a 2:1 or 3:1 carb-to-protein ratio. (popsci.com)
Perhaps the most common reason people start incorporating protein powder into their routines is to gain muscle or recover after a workout. (popsci.com)
This whey protein powder from Optimum Nutrition is made from a combination of whey isolates, concentrates, and peptides to deliver the best of the best when it comes to building lean muscles. (popsci.com)
PlantFusion Amino Acid Infused Protein Blend: (Pea Protein Isolate, Artichoke Protein, Organic Sprouted Amaranth Powder and Organic Sprouted Quinoa Powder) Providing 4,500 mg BCAAs (L-Isoleucine, L-Leucine and L-Valine) and 3,350 mg L-Glutamine. (wegmans.com)
Plant based protein powder is an easy and effective way to add clean proteins to your diet. (kimatv.com)
The protein comes from rice, peas and maca root powder. (foodprocessing.com)
Here at VegNews, several staffers begin our days with a frosty fruit smoothie whirled with a scoop of plant-based protein powder. (vegnews.com)
Get your protein and greens in first thing in the morning or after a workout with this tasty vanilla powder made from spinach and kale. (officedepot.com)
With 20 grams of protein per serving, this protein powder helps you power through your day. (officedepot.com)

Nuts are a great snack, and they provide both protein and healthy fats. (inhabitat.com)
One quarter cup of shelled nuts has about 183 calories, 18 grams of fat, 4 grams protein. (healthcentral.com)
One ounce of shelled unprocessed pistachio nuts has about 162 calories, 13 grams of fat, 6 grams of protein, 2.9 grams of fiber, and rich in vitamin A, folate, potassium and magnesium. (healthcentral.com)

This delicious and protein packed gluten-free grain is appearing in many products. (recipeland.com)

type proteasome subunit and a transformer-2-like SR-related protein: early induction of the corresponding genes in tobacco cells treated with cryptogein," Plant Molecular Biology , vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 261-269, 1997. (hindawi.com)
Regulation of plant innate immunity by three proteins in a complex conserved across the plant and animal kingdoms," Genes and Development , vol. 21, no. 12, pp. 1484-1493, 2007. (hindawi.com)
Assuming that only high affinity bZIP binding sites are likely to function in vivo, identification of these sites will allow us to predict which genes are activated by a particular bZIP protein. (nih.gov)
This technology has been developed in the last decade and is, overall, the most powerful and advantageous, being based on the transformation of the plastoma (the genes contained in the plastids) of the plant cells. (innovations-report.com)
The knox gene family was the first group of plant genes identified that encodes homeodomain (HD) proteins ( 14 ). (pnas.org)
Forward and reverse genetics, together with heterologous expression, have uncovered many novel roles for plant ABC proteins, but this progress has been accompanied by a confusing proliferation of names for plant ABC genes and their products. (nih.gov)
Using special "designer" PPR genes, for example, one might specifically render certain genome transcripts unusable and test how this affects the plant. (eurekalert.org)
Plants respond to this state of hypoxia with the activation of certain genes that help them cope with the stress. (mpg.de)
Recent experiments show that under hypoxia a protein that can activate genes, a so-called transcription factor, is released from the cell membrane to accumulate in the nucleus and trigger the expression of stress response genes. (mpg.de)
When the oxygen level declines, the protein detaches from the membrane and accumulates in the nucleus where it can fulfill its duties as a transcription factor and activate certain genes. (mpg.de)
Although there are a variety of R genes, and a veritable multitude of pathogens, the plant tends to respond with a limited repertoire of physiological responses. (sciencemag.org)
The most promising way to exploit plant RIPs as weapons against cancer cells is either by designing molecules in which the toxic domains are linked to selective tumor targeting domains or directly delivered as suicide genes for cancer gene therapy. (mdpi.com)
When different proteins bind with activating or repressing chemical marks, different genes get turned on or silenced, controlling the development of a single cell. (iran-daily.com)
Additionally, it has been glyco-engineered to eliminate plant-specific sugar residues by knock-out of the β1,2-xylosyltransferase and α1,3-fucosyltransferase genes (Δxt/ft). (frontiersin.org)

They can be added to stews, curries, salads, or rice to give an extra portion of protein. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Or try 100 grams of rice and beans: 150 calories, but only 5 grams of protein. (lifehacker.com)
Veggie Grill's Seoul Bowl features a supergrain and rice mix along with a medley of vegetables, gochujang sauce, and the customer's choice of plant-based protein. (qsrmagazine.com)
Nature's Best Plant-Based Protein provides 20g of organic pea & brown rice protein per serving. (illpumpyouup.com)
It's made from a blend of organic pea, organic rice and organic sacha inchi proteins, delivering 24 grams of complete protein per serving. (prnewswire.com)
MUSASHI PLANT PROTEIN is a super-premium blend containing a synergistic combination of pea, brown rice and hemp protein. (aminoz.com.au)
For example, quinoa and buckwheat can be served in place of traditional sides such as potatoes or rice and also doubles as a protein-packed breakfast cereal. (acefitness.org)
Rice and beans: 7 grams of protein per cup. (leadership.ng)

Try incorporating more plant-based proteins into your diet by making some delicious sweet potato falafels. (cancer.ca)
They are a great way to add more veggies and plant protein sources to your diet! (cancer.ca)
A person must plan ahead to ensure they get enough protein, calcium , iron, and vitamin B-12, which people on an omnivorous diet get from animal products. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Soy products are among the richest sources of protein in a plant-based diet. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Many researchers and doctors around the world agree that a plant-based diet provides many benefits. (inhabitat.com)
But many people are concerned that a plant-based diet does not provide enough protein, an essential nutrient responsible for fueling the body and a critical component in building body tissue. (inhabitat.com)
Nut butters are another option for adding protein to your diet. (inhabitat.com)
The unspoken cultural assumption that persists today is that a plant-based diet is inferior and deficient in protein and contributes to a weakened body. (wholefoodsmarket.com)
Divide 280 calories by 4 ( there are 4 calories per gram of protein) to find that this diet would supply 70 grams of protein - more than enough for the average man or woman. (wholefoodsmarket.com)
How can you add more plant-based protein to your diet? (wholefoodsmarket.com)
While one should get protein naturally through specific dietary decisions, many people have turned to powders and supplements to get a little extra protein when their diet isn't cutting it. (popsci.com)
Recovering from an injury can also be a great time to try getting a little extra protein into your diet to speed up muscle recovery. (popsci.com)
If you're looking for something to help with weight loss alongside a healthy diet and exercise, pay close attention to the ratio of protein to calories. (popsci.com)
You want something higher in protein and lower in calories, carbs, and fats because your diet should already provide those nutrients. (popsci.com)
A plant-based diet can be a fine way to eat, whether you're an athlete or not. (lifehacker.com)
Bottom line, you can build muscle on plant proteins, but you'll have to put a little more thought into planning out your diet to make sure you get enough. (lifehacker.com)
That effort has led to the rise of new diet trends like the Paleo Diet, and a renewed interest (yet again) in the Atkin's Diet because these diets emphasize consumption of protein. (healthcentral.com)
You can get some of its advantages simply by replacing some of the animal proteins in your diet with plant-based ones. (medicinenet.com)
On the other hand, the researchers found that eating a diet high in animal protein was associated with a higher risk of death from heart disease . (medicinenet.com)
Thanks to training received and accumulated experience, Corrales, who is a mechanical engineer, today makes "a nutritionally balanced diet for animals with these plants, especially for those pregnant or milking. (ipsnews.net)
North American consumers are seeking more protein and more protein choices in their diet,' he said. (cbc.ca)
Diet preference plays an important role when analyzing consumers' choice of protein. (nielsen.com)
For example, 35% of U.S. households say they follow a specific protein-focused diet such, as high protein, Paleo, low carb, etc. (nielsen.com)
Surprisingly, Canadian demand for plant-based alternatives is greatest with fans of the new "flexitarian" diet. (edc.ca)
In terms of wholesale adoption of a plant-based diet, vegetarianism and veganism remain on the fringe of dietary preferences, though the interest in plant-based diets has risen over the past 15 years," the report notes. (edc.ca)
Maybe you're just looking to move toward a more plant-based diet. (menshealth.com)
As a global leader in protein, we worked to develop a premium offering to serve the growing population that prefers plant-based protein sources as part of their personal diet plans. (prnewswire.com)
Among the reasons for the interest in a plant-based diet, people cite improved overall health, weight management, a desire to eat clean or personal convictions. (prnewswire.com)
A Nielson survey released last fall showing 43 percent of Canadians are actively trying to incorporate more plant-based proteins into their diet. (digitaljournal.com)
Protein is a part of just about every diet plan. (recipeland.com)
It is essential to get enough protein in your diet, because protein helps repair muscle, maintain energy levels, and keep hunger under control. (recipeland.com)
Here is a short description of each, and this can help you get more of these plant based proteins into your diet. (recipeland.com)
This plant based protein should not be used instead of vegetables, but actually added into your diet. (recipeland.com)
The Earth Burger Manifesto and recipe guide gives you some amazing insights into the environmental benefits of a plant based diet - along with delicious recipes! (kickstarter.com)
Because of the coronavirus, people have started to pay more attention to their diet and health, " said Lee, 40, serving up burritos in his kitchen made using a plant-based pork alternative. (thestar.com.my)
The second, plant-based diet friendly approach is to give the body the nutrients it needs to create its own collagen. (biospace.com)
This is the basis for the " Meatless Monday " movement, which began as a public health campaign to encourage individuals to consume a vegetarian diet just one day each week for better health by consuming lean, plant-based protein sources (Figure 1). (acefitness.org)

Black beans have 15 grams of protein in a cooked one-serving cup. (healthcentral.com)
Pinto beans have seven grams of protein per 1/2 cup . (menshealth.com)
Vegetarians understand that their protein sources are somewhat limited, and often fill up on beans to meet their protein needs. (recipeland.com)

The drink combines a proprietary blend of organic plant proteins (pea, chia, cacao and hemp), organic virgin coconut oil and organic coconut water. (foodprocessing.com)
Familiar seed proteins like flax, hemp, and chia plus emerging ones like watermelon and pumpkin are trending up. (preparedfoods.com)

Cooked chickpeas are high in protein, containing around 7.25 g per ½ cup. (medicalnewstoday.com)
This transition to plant protein also benefits farmers who grow black-eyed peas, soybeans, peanuts, pecans, chickpeas, and other crops-it's a win-win trend that should be encouraged and assisted by state government. (pcrm.org)

Using their research they have developed treatments for vegetable proteins to get the best feed value out of plant proteins. (allaboutfeed.net)
Boutot and Bertone-Johnson suggest that more prospective studies of their findings are warranted, including studies that compare soy-based and non-soy vegetable proteins. (medindia.net)

The brand's Gold Standard 100% Whey™ is universally recognized as one of the world's best-selling whey protein products. (prnewswire.com)
A Fusion of the world's best plant-based protein sources that delivers uncompromised taste, texture, potency, and digestibility. (ralphs.com)

Here, the main focus is covering the literature on optimization of cultivation conditions of suspension-cultured plant cells to obtain a maximal yield of target proteins. (springer.com)
that bind, in most cases, to phosphorylated target proteins. (frontiersin.org)
However, live cell imaging using SNAP-tag with synthetic dyes in plant science has been impossible, as synthetic dyes are unable to reach the target proteins due to the presence of the cell wall in plant cells. (eurekalert.org)

Green leaves constitute an abundant source of food proteins such as rubisco (ribulose -1, 5- biphosphate carboxylase oxygenase). (wur.nl)

There are many different proteins available, so we have created a guide to help you choose the one that's right for you. (popsci.com)
As mentioned, the decision-making process that controls the fate of a cell is typically influenced by two different proteins. (iran-daily.com)

Here, we show that the previously identified virulence effector VdAve1, secreted by the fungal plant pathogen Verticillium dahliae , displays antimicrobial activity and facilitates colonization of tomato and cotton through the manipulation of their microbiomes by suppressing antagonistic bacteria. (nature.com)
In conclusion, we demonstrate that a fungal plant pathogen uses effector proteins to modulate microbiome compositions inside and outside the host, and propose that pathogen effector catalogues represent an untapped resource for new antibiotics. (nature.com)
They independently confirm key findings and each manuscript has unique aspects," said McDowell, who is familiar with the system being studied through his research on EDS1 and on pathogen effector proteins. (redorbit.com)
The research also shows how the EDS1 protein is attacked by virulence proteins from the pathogen, called effector proteins. (redorbit.com)
P. syringae is the model pathogen because it causes disease in many plants. (redorbit.com)
The innate immune response by which plants defend against certain pathogens includes interactions between a signal from the pathogen and a specific resistance ( R ) gene in the plant. (sciencemag.org)
Thus, at least part of the signaling cascade triggered by response to a pathogen may involve protein degradation. (sciencemag.org)
LTPs are known to be pathogenesis-related proteins, i.e. proteins produced for pathogen defense by plants. (wikipedia.org)

Whatever you choose to call it, quinoa is a versatile and protein-packed food with over 8 grams per cooked cup. (inhabitat.com)
Fuel up with 21 grams of natural plant protein† (from sprouted quinoa and amaranth, yellow peas and globe artichokes). (avon.com)
Pritchett describes pulses as having more protein than either microalgae or quinoa. (recipeland.com)
Quinoa: 8 grams of protein per cup. (leadership.ng)

Ripple is a higher-protein plant-based milk made from pea protein. (todaysdietitian.com)
Many of these forage plants stimulate the production of milk in females," added Corrales, who in 2016 produced 1,800 litres of goat's milk, 6,000 litres of cow's milk and three tons of tubers, fruits and vegetables. (ipsnews.net)
A 12-oz bottle contains 12g of protein from peas and sunflowers in a coconut milk and cold-brew coffee base. (foodprocessing.com)
Campbell Soup Co., introduces Bolthouse Farms Plant Protein Milk, a perishable beverage containing 10g of pea protein per 8-oz. serving versus 1g of protein in almond milk. (foodprocessing.com)
Research by Van Vliet et al (2015) has shown that animal protein sources such as milk, beef, eggs and fish, are richer in EAA leucine than plant sources. (nutraingredients.com)
Pour protein-rich, plant-based milk in your coﬀee and cereal. (oldwayspt.org)
One cup of this pea-based milk ($5) has 10 whopping grams of protein, which seriously elevates my morning smoothie after I get back from the gym. (popsugar.com)
Levels of the Branched Chain Amino Acid Leucine also varied by protein type with around 5.1% in hemp and 13.5% in corn compared to about 9% in milk and 7% in egg. (optimumnutrition.com)

Seitan is a whole wheat gluten that provides 31 gram of protein per three-ounce serving. (healthcentral.com)
But one food seems to be underappreciated in the mainstream plant protein portfolio: seitan (pronounced SAY-tan). (todaysdietitian.com)

It was once thought that plant proteins-typically providing a lower percentage of at least one amino acid-needed to be "combined," by mixing grains and legumes in order to make a "complete" protein. (oldwayspt.org)
And, second, for the purposes of creating a diverse group of plant-based options for you to choose from on this list, legumes are considered a vegetable. (menshealth.com)
That's also largely because legumes tend to have more protein than, say, leafy greens. (menshealth.com)
With all that out of the way, here's a list of 20 vegetables (and legumes) that are surprising sources of protein. (menshealth.com)

We also discuss the differences between animal and plant proteins, and whether plant-based protein powders can be good sources of protein. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The best protein powders can help you build muscle, boost energy, and pack more protein into your day-while still tasting good. (popsci.com)
Most importantly, keep in mind that, no matter your goal, protein powders are meant to be supplementary and not your body's primary source of protein. (popsci.com)
With five state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities based in the United States and in the United Kingdom , ON is the only sports nutrition company to manufacture items in every product category, including nutritional bars, protein powders, ready-to-drink shakes and beverages, energy products, multi-vitamins and other health & wellness items that support a healthy lifestyle. (prnewswire.com)

It is not necessary to consume a "complete" protein at every meal. (wholefoodsmarket.com)
This little gem of a super food offers eight grams of protein per one cup serving (cooked) and is a complete protein. (healthcentral.com)
Do we need to combine these proteins with other protein sources to make a "complete" protein? (todaysdietitian.com)
15 g of complete protein. (wegmans.com)
However, in some cases, phosphorylation alone is not sufficient to achieve complete protein regulation, but is necessary to mediate the binding of interactors that modulate protein function. (frontiersin.org)

In Recombinant Proteins from Plants, leading researchers from around the world present the latest molecular and classical approaches to the separation, analysis, and characterization of recombinant plant proteins. (springer.com)

As protein becomes more sought-out by consumers, many manufacturers are infusing select products with a wide range of plant proteins. (foodprocessing.com)

The word "protein" is derived from the Greek word proteios, meaning " of prime importance," perhaps explaining its preeminent position in dietary discussions today. (wholefoodsmarket.com)
We caught up with the co-founder and CEO of Health Warrior, Shane Emmett, a new entrant in the dietary supplement space, to learn about the white space he wanted to fill in the crowding plant-based protein category. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
Plant-based seems to support positive dietary choice among consumers. (healthcentral.com)
Due to high nutritional facts and economic feasibility of plant proteins provides a great opportunity for the utilization in food, beverages and dietary supplements to fulfill the voracious demands of protein in the market. (globenewswire.com)
Dietary proteins represent a key concern for the future regarding worldwide food security. (openpr.com)
In addition, new research suggests that older adults (over 60 years of age) may beneﬁt, in terms of optimal muscle and bone mass, from slightly higher intakes of protein than is currently recommended in the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) to levels of about 1.0 to 1.2 g/kg/day. (oldwayspt.org)
A better understanding of how dietary vegetable protein intake is associated with ovarian aging may identify ways for women to modify their risk of early onset menopause and associated health conditions," write first author and then-graduate student Maegan Boutot, with her advisor, professor Elizabeth Bertone-Johnson. (medindia.net)

Multiple studies have shown that if you are meeting your caloric needs through plant-based nutrition, you will satisfy your body's protein requirements. (wholefoodsmarket.com)
Indeed, a recent cross-sectional study led by Glenna Hughes, MS, a consultant and previously a research scientist for DuPont Nutrition and Health who works predominantly in the field of plant protein quality, assessed dietitians' perceptions of plant-based protein quality via an online survey. (todaysdietitian.com)
NuGo Nutrition is expanding its line of products with NuGo Protein Cookies. (foodprocessing.com)
Botan writes, "We believe plant-based nutrition is the sustainable choice for the future--for the future of our food, the planet, and for more than 7 billion inhabitants. (trendhunter.com)
Optimum Nutrition GOLD STANDARD 100% Plant™ is non-GMO and certified USDA Organic. (prnewswire.com)
Kelly Pritchett, Ph.D., RDN, a dietician and spokesperson for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, explains, 'Plant protein sources are gaining popularity thanks to the health benefits of plant-based diets. (recipeland.com)
Plant-based nutrition has long been studied for its health benefits. (acefitness.org)
In Arkansas, health-conscious consumers are increasingly reaching for plant-based protein products, a trend accelerated by our current health emergency," says Susan Levin, MS, RD, director of nutrition education for Physicians Committee. (pcrm.org)

In fact, a 2021 Protein Industries Canada (PIC) report conducted by Ernest & Young anticipates the global industry's valuation will hit $185 billion by 2035. (edc.ca)
LA JOLLA--(March 25, 2021) The brush of an insect's wing is enough to trigger a Venus flytrap to snap shut, but the biology of how these plants sense and respond to touch is still poorly understood, especially at the molecular level. (eurekalert.org)

Then they carefully cut thousands of microscopic, touch-sensitive trigger hairs from these plants and used sequencing technology to identify which proteins were most abundant in the hairs. (eurekalert.org)
Collagen is the most abundant protein in the Human Body. (biospace.com)
They represent a subset of late embryogenesis abundant proteins, of Dure subfamily D-19 or Bray group 1. (wikipedia.org)

Among the physicochemically and structurally diverse disulfide-rich seed storage proteins, soluble storage proteins are transported through the endomembrane system from the ER to PSVs, where they accumulate [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
The ABC superfamily comprises both membrane-bound transporters and soluble proteins involved in a broad range of processes, many of which are of considerable agricultural, biotechnological and medical potential. (nih.gov)
However, green proteins cannot be isolated in their native state because they are not soluble in water, and tend to denature during the currently used precipitation methods. (wur.nl)
It is a plant-based option "that delivers 12 grams of soluble vegetable protein and vitamin goodness, with just 110 slim calories, in every bottle," as written on its website. (trendhunter.com)
The outer surface of the protein is hydrophilic allowing the complex to be soluble. (wikipedia.org)

North America, Western Europe and Japan are the fruitful and profitable market for the plant-based protein, owing to increasing the health consciousness. (globenewswire.com)
As consumers across North America pay more attention to the label claims on the food and beverage products they purchase, one claim has gained momentum among consumers: protein. (nielsen.com)

Virgilio M, Lombardi A, Caliandro R, Fabbrini MS. Ribosome-Inactivating Proteins: From Plant Defense to Tumor Attack. (mdpi.com)
Plants are already imbued with evolutionary defense mechanisms that help them detect and respond to threats. (popsci.com)
The CSU team-backed by DARPA and the Office of Naval Research as well as the Defense Threat Reduction Agency--has engineered proteins to respond to invisible threats like environmental pollutants or traces of explosives with visible responses. (popsci.com)

The spike protein is the membrane structure SARS-CoV-2 uses to bind the human host cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and gain viral entry. (news-medical.net)
Group 1 proteins exhibit a stronger binding affinity for G-box elements, group 2 proteins bind both G-box and C-box motifs with comparable binding affinity, whereas the group 3 proteins display a stronger binding affinity for C-box oligonucleotides. (nih.gov)
Those responses are all results of Auxin Response Factors (ARFs), proteins which bind to DNA in a cell's nucleus to facilitate growth and development in one way, or another. (newswise.com)
The change centered on the PB1 domain, on the opposite end of the ARF protein from the DNA binding domain (where the ARF, once in the nucleus of a cell, will bind to DNA during the transcription process). (newswise.com)
In molecular biology, the auxin binding protein family is a family of proteins which bind auxin. (wikipedia.org)

New York, September, 2020: Axiom Market Research & Consulting™ added a report on global Plant Based Protein which includes study on various market segments across various countries of key regions across the globe. (openpr.com)

Researchers in South Africa have developed a serological assay that readily detects antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using recombinant viral proteins produced in plants. (news-medical.net)
Using the newly developed ELISA with plant-derived viral antigens, the researchers showed that SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulins (Igs) were readily detectable in the samples. (news-medical.net)
The researchers found four proteins involved in flowering that had portions that resembled prion-specific sequences in yeast. (newscientist.com)
Researchers looked at 30 years of data from 131,000 participants in the landmark Nurses' Health Study and compared the outcomes of eating different types of protein for a study published in JAMA Internal Medicine . (medicinenet.com)
To identify the protein composition of the aphid saliva, the researchers collected saliva from more than 100,000 aphids. (redorbit.com)
Together with colleagues from Hanover, Ulm and Kyoto (Japan), researchers from the University of Bonn have now transferred one of these proofreaders from the moss Physcomitrium patens (previously known as Physcomitrella patens) into a flowering plant. (eurekalert.org)
In plants that form an N-terminally altered RAP2.12 the researchers found the protein to be present in the nucleus even before the oxygen stress started. (mpg.de)
Researchers looked at 30 years of data from 131 000 participants in the landmark Nurses' Health Study and compared the outcomes of eating different types of protein for a study published in JAMA Internal Medicine . (news24.com)

For every cup of fresh spinach you eat, you'll consume about one gram of protein. (menshealth.com)
One cup of the cruciferous vegetables, boiled, contains four gram of protein-plus the same amount of fiber. (menshealth.com)

A one-ounce serving of pistachios offer six grams of protein, over 30 different nutrients, 10 different antioxidants and only 170 calories. (healthcentral.com)
In addition to their protein benefits, the nutrients in Brussels Sprouts may reduce the risk of colon cancer and other cancers, protect against birth defects, and are a fantastic source of folic acid, vitamins C and K and antioxidants. (healthcentral.com)
They are often lower in calories and fat than animal proteins and HIGHER in fiber and essential nutrients. (prnewswire.com)
Protein is one of the most sought-out nutrients by today's consumers. (foodprocessing.com)
Make sure your food choices are rich in nutrients, including protein. (oldwayspt.org)
Light , temperature, different nutrients … the plant makes auxin in response to all of these things. (newswise.com)

Fertile hypomorphic ARGONAUTE (ago1) mutants impaired in post-transcriptional gene silencing and virus resistance," Plant Cell , vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 629-639, 2002. (hindawi.com)
Reversible protein phosphorylation is recognized as one of the most important post-translational modifications in eukaryotes, playing major roles in the regulation of cellular processes ( Cohen, 2002 ). (frontiersin.org)

Since sialic acids are a common terminal modification on human N- glycans, the property to perform N -glycan sialylation is highly desired within the plant-based biopharmaceutical sector. (frontiersin.org)
Recombinant proteins, which represent the largest proportion of biopharmaceutical products, are manufactured only by a limited number of production platforms. (frontiersin.org)

Tempeh is another soybean-based food that brings 31 grams of protein per cup. (inhabitat.com)
And they have about 11 grams of protein per cup . (menshealth.com)
Kale: 2 grams of protein per cup. (leadership.ng)

nutritionally inferior compared with animal-based proteins. (coursera.org)

Research has linked plant-based diets with lower risks of heart disease, obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and certain types of cancer.2 In addition, studies consistently show that plant-based diets are better for the environment. (todaysdietitian.com)
Consumers increasingly recognize that concerns about global warming and finite resources demand a shift toward more plant-based diets. (todaysdietitian.com)
Around the world, governments are promoting less animal protein in diets of their populations. (todaysdietitian.com)
And those who ate a lot of non-soy plant protein had significantly lower levels, presumably because it substituted for some of the animal protein in their diets. (nutritionfacts.org)
Isocaloric Diets High in Animal or Plant Protein Reduce Liver Fat and Inflammation. (youtube.com)
Mariya Markova discusses her manuscript "Isocaloric Diets High in Animal or Plant Protein Reduce Liver Fat and Inflammation in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes. (youtube.com)
When you follow diets like Paleo or Atkins, you are eating high amounts of protein and low amounts of carbs. (recipeland.com)

In addition, every bite of plant-based protein offers the extra health benefits of fiber, antioxidants, phytochemicals, vitamins and minerals. (wholefoodsmarket.com)
One ounce of raw almonds has about 164 calories, 14.2 grams of fat, 6 grams of protein and 3.5 grams of fiber. (healthcentral.com)
Super smooth and delicious, our family friendly grain free organic plant protein is packed with energy-giving protein and wholesome fiber. (wegmans.com)
One medium cob carries about three grams of protein and three grams of fiber. (menshealth.com)
Just one cooked medium artichoke contains three grams of protein and a fiber payload of seven grams. (menshealth.com)

Nutritional science has proven once again that Mom was right - approximately 51% of the calories from spinach are protein! (wholefoodsmarket.com)
Research has shown that all plants contain protein and at least 14% of the total calories of every plant are protein. (wholefoodsmarket.com)
If you consume 2000 calories per day from plant sources containing 14% protein, the total number of calories from protein equals 280. (wholefoodsmarket.com)
A small chicken breast, for example, has 27 grams of protein in just 142 calories. (lifehacker.com)
Nearly all of the calories come from protein, a few from fat, and none from carbs. (lifehacker.com)
Women consuming approximately 6.5 percent of their daily calories, equivalent to 3 or 4 servings of vegetable protein had a significant 16 percent lower risk of early menopause. (medindia.net)
They observed that women consuming approximately 6.5 percent of their daily calories as vegetable protein had a significant 16 percent lower risk of early menopause compared to women whose intake was approximately 4 percent of calories. (medindia.net)
Boutot and Bertone-Johnson add, "Though relatively few women in our study consumed very high levels of vegetable protein and our power for analyses of more extreme intake levels was limited, women consuming 9 or more percent of their calories from vegetable protein had a hazard ratio of 0.41 (95 percent confidence interval = 0.19-0.88)" compared to those eating less than 4 percent. (medindia.net)

The global plant based protein market was USD 8.35 billion in 2016 and is estimated to reach USD 14.22 billion by 2022 at a CAGR of 5.9% during the forecasted period. (globenewswire.com)

Plant-based protein supplements are growing at a faster rate than the overall protein supplement category-so who's the audience and why did they choose to go plant-based? (nutraingredients-usa.com)

We would like to understand how these proteins are able to modulate host metabolism and identify their host targets," she said. (redorbit.com)

As more people choose plants for their sources of proteins, RDs will need to become better acquainted with the issues surrounding their quality. (todaysdietitian.com)

A meaty steak and a side of eggs are two extremely good sources of protein, but what about the vegetarians of the world or people who like their arteries free of unnecessary cholesterol. (healthcentral.com)
While vegetarians and vegans are a big part of this growing interest in plant-based proteins, analysts say they are only a small reason for it. (qsrmagazine.com)
With its clean and contemporary branding, the Botan Protein Drink will appeal to more than just vegetarians. (trendhunter.com)
The overall protein recommendations for vegetarians and vegans should match those established for the general public: 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight per day. (oldwayspt.org)

This volume focuses on structure, function and regulation of plant signaling G proteins and their function in hormonal pathways, polarity, differentiation, morphogenesis and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. (springer.com)
Moreover, EDS1 appears to play a role in activating distinct immune responses from different compartments within the plant cell. (redorbit.com)
So when EDS1 is attacked, surveillance proteins spread the alarm and various immune responses are activated to isolate the infection. (redorbit.com)
How signals are relayed from the surveillance proteins to activate antimicrobial responses remains a mystery, but this detailed understanding of how EDS1 interacts with surveillance proteins may help scientists design a protein to guard EDS1 against attacks and make crops more disease resistant. (redorbit.com)
A protein from the bacterium, found in the aphid saliva and likely delivered inside the plant host by the aphid, triggers plant immune responses against the aphid. (redorbit.com)
One of these Buchnera proteins, GroEL, was found to induce immune responses in plants. (redorbit.com)
Several R proteins trigger responses through the RAR1 protein, which in turn interacts with the SGT1 proteins. (sciencemag.org)
Receptor proteins in plants' DNA respond to certain stimuli with certain biological responses. (popsci.com)

Dissociation constant values (Kd values) of these bZIP proteins for high affinity G-box and C-box elements and reciprocal competition gel mobility shift assays confirmed our classification scheme. (nih.gov)
Protein/DNA binding experiments using scanning mutants of a high affinity G-box element and G-box/C-box hybrid elements demonstrated that bZIP protein binding activity depends upon the affinity of protein dimer subunits for ACGT half-sites. (nih.gov)
Information provided by our systematic analysis of plant bZIP DNA binding specificity can be used to identify high affinity binding sites for the plant bZIP proteins studied here. (nih.gov)
Finally, amongst other advantages, the time invested is relatively short, protein yields are high and the method enables the assembly and production of multimeric proteins. (innovations-report.com)
High protein yields have been achieved with tobacco leaves. (innovations-report.com)
In fact, this plant is currently the ideal one for plastid transformation, for the genomic knowledge of the plant, for its ability for regeneration in vitro and for its high biomass yields. (innovations-report.com)
You can replace the feed with these plants because they have a high level of protein," said the farmer, who grows, even in the living fences that surround his farm, more than 15 varieties of plants to feed 32 cows, 36 goats and 54 sheep, besides experimenting with breeding rabbits and guinea pigs. (ipsnews.net)
The plant protein market is forecasted to increase in developing countries due to emerging economies, increase in demand for healthy food products and due to high nutritional values of soy and pea proteins. (globenewswire.com)
New products jostle for space in grocery store chiller cabinets, while plant-based versions of established favorites are appearing on restaurant menus on high streets from Seattle to Singapore. (dsm.com)
The cookies join the company's plant protein bars, which includes low-sugar and extra-high protein options. (foodprocessing.com)
She isolated chloroplasts, the food factory of plants, and treated them with a chemical detergent to extract a high concentration of Photosystem II, the system within a plant that creates oxygen. (eurekalert.org)
She then used high-resolution mass spectrometry to see where the two proteins overlap and connect. (eurekalert.org)
While animal proteins increase levels of the cancer-promoting growth hormone IGF-1, and most plant proteins bring levels down, "high quality" plant proteins, such as soy, may not significantly affect levels in either direction. (nutritionfacts.org)
One of soy's selling points is that it has "high quality" protein. (nutritionfacts.org)
After all, a high-protein morning shake is just what we need for a busy day of writing, editing, and design meetings. (vegnews.com)
While the vegetables that follow are high in protein relative to other vegetables, they aren't high in protein relative to other animal-based sources. (menshealth.com)
Scientists in the UK have uncovered some of the secrets of this unique high performance protein. (allaboutfeed.net)
It is high in protein and low in carbohydrates and sugar. (aminoz.com.au)
High-protein duckweed could also become a viable source if availability issues are successfully addressed in the coming year. (preparedfoods.com)
Chicken, like beef, contains harmful saturated fat and cholesterol while studies show that affordable, plant-based options can help people prevent and even reverse diabetes , heart disease , and high blood pressure , among other conditions. (pcrm.org)
The odds that animal proteins would be listed for all three is very high. (leadership.ng)
Allergic properties are closely linked with high thermal stability and resistance to gastrointestinal proteolysis of the proteins. (wikipedia.org)

Complementary proteins are a thing of the past. (oldwayspt.org)

Exceptional Quality Organic Plant Protein! (illpumpyouup.com)
Maxine's Plant protein is a 100% Pure, Natural, non-GMO Organic Plant Protein formulated to build, repair and tone lean muscle and optimise your energy and health. (aminoz.com.au)

So load up on spinach , kale, mustard greens, Swiss chard and collard greens to increase your protein intake. (inhabitat.com)
See Protein Intake & IGF-1 Production and Higher Quality May Mean Higher Risk for some immediate background, and IGF-1 as One-Stop Cancer Shop for why we'd like to see these levels low in adulthood (though not in childhood-see Cancer-Proofing Mutation ). (nutritionfacts.org)
Vegans may require a slightly higher protein intake, due to the slight decrease in digestibility in plant proteins. (oldwayspt.org)
Few studies have evaluated how protein intake is associated with menopause timing, they add, and to their knowledge this is the first to look specifically at early menopause. (medindia.net)

During colonization of their hosts, pathogens secrete effector proteins to promote disease development through various mechanisms. (nature.com)
A protein called enhanced disease susceptibility 1 (EDS1) plays a central role in plants' ability to defend themselves from pathogens. (redorbit.com)
Depending on the pathogens present, a plant may synthesize auxin. (newswise.com)

Anatomy28

Organisms55

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs43

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment13

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes50

Disciplines and Occupations5

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture24

Information Science5

Health Care5

Separation of shoot and floral identity in Arabidopsis. (1/17430)

Activation of systemic acquired silencing by localised introduction of DNA. (2/17430)

Gene silencing: plants and viruses fight it out. (3/17430)

Loss-of-function mutations in the rice homeobox gene OSH15 affect the architecture of internodes resulting in dwarf plants. (4/17430)

An Arabidopsis 14-3-3 protein can act as a transcriptional activator in yeast. (5/17430)

Magnesium ion-induced changes in the binding mode of adenylates to chloroplast coupling factor 1. (6/17430)

Isolation and characterization of two mouse L cell lines resistant to the toxic lectin ricin. (7/17430)

Functional expression of the plant alternative oxidase affects growth of the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. (8/17430)

No data available that match "plant proteins"

No images available that match "plant proteins"

Plant Proteins

Plants, Genetically Modified

Plant Leaves

Genes, Plant

Plant Roots

Arabidopsis

Arabidopsis Proteins

DNA, Plant

Plants, Toxic

Plant Extracts

Plant Shoots

Plants, Medicinal

Tobacco

Vegetable Proteins

Plant Development

Amino Acid Sequence

Plant Cells

Dietary Proteins

Eleusine

Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 2

Plant Stems

Molecular Sequence Data

Plants

Genome, Plant

Plants, Edible

Plant Structures

Lycopersicon esculentum

Zea mays

Plant Lectins

Seeds

Pollen

Plant Growth Regulators

Sequence Homology, Amino Acid

Base Sequence

Phylogeny

Triticum

Sequence Alignment

Soybeans

Gene Expression Regulation, Plant

Plant Immunity

Antigens, Plant

Peas

DNA, Complementary

Oryza sativa

Plant Epidermis

Food, Formulated

Chloroplasts

Soybean Proteins

Two-Hybrid System Techniques

Plant Stomata

Angiosperms

Multigene Family

Recombinant Fusion Proteins

Cloning, Molecular

Conserved Sequence

Plant Diseases

Mutation

Evolution, Molecular

Substrate Specificity

Species Specificity

Caseins

Plant Poisoning

Plant Transpiration

Protein Structure, Tertiary

Flowers

Amino Acids

Amino Acid Motifs

Nutritional Requirements

Recombinant Proteins

Plant Tumors

Chromosomes, Plant

Genetic Complementation Test

Plant Components, Aerial

DNA Primers

Plant Preparations

Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid

Protein Kinases

Protein Binding

Escherichia coli

Bacterial Proteins