Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)
PLANTS, or their progeny, whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING.
Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which VEGETABLE PROTEINS is available.
A phylum of fungi that produce their sexual spores (basidiospores) on the outside of the basidium. It includes forms commonly known as mushrooms, boletes, puffballs, earthstars, stinkhorns, bird's-nest fungi, jelly fungi, bracket or shelf fungi, and rust and smut fungi.
Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.
A plant family of the subclass ALISMATIDAE, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons) of aquatic plants. The flower parts are in threes with 3 green sepals and 3 white or yellow petals.
The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
The functional hereditary units of PLANTS.
Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.
A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that contains ARABIDOPSIS PROTEINS and MADS DOMAIN PROTEINS. The species A. thaliana is used for experiments in classical plant genetics as well as molecular genetic studies in plant physiology, biochemistry, and development.
New immature growth of a plant including stem, leaves, tips of branches, and SEEDLINGS.
A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain NICOTINE and other biologically active chemicals; its dried leaves are used for SMOKING.
The intergenic DNA segments that are between the ribosomal RNA genes (internal transcribed spacers) and between the tandemly repeated units of rDNA (external transcribed spacers and nontranscribed spacers).
Plants whose roots, leaves, seeds, bark, or other constituent parts possess therapeutic, tonic, purgative, curative or other pharmacologic attributes, when administered to man or animals.
Procedures for identifying types and strains of fungi.
The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds. Photosynthesis comprises two separate processes: the light reactions and the dark reactions. In higher plants; GREEN ALGAE; and CYANOBACTERIA; NADPH and ATP formed by the light reactions drive the dark reactions which result in the fixation of carbon dioxide. (from Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2001)
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of plants.
Processes orchestrated or driven by a plethora of genes, plant hormones, and inherent biological timing mechanisms facilitated by secondary molecules, which result in the systematic transformation of plants and plant parts, from one stage of maturity to another.
Parts of plants that usually grow vertically upwards towards the light and support the leaves, buds, and reproductive structures. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
Plants or plant parts which are harmful to man or other animals.
Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in plants.
Diseases of plants.
Basic functional unit of plants.
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared range.
The genetic complement of a plant (PLANTS) as represented in its DNA.
Constituent of the 40S subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes. 18S rRNA is involved in the initiation of polypeptide synthesis in eukaryotes.
The parts of plants, including SEEDS.
A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Any of the hormones produced naturally in plants and active in controlling growth and other functions. There are three primary classes: auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins.
An organism of the vegetable kingdom suitable by nature for use as a food, especially by human beings. Not all parts of any given plant are edible but all parts of edible plants have been known to figure as raw or cooked food: leaves, roots, tubers, stems, seeds, buds, fruits, and flowers. The most commonly edible parts of plants are FRUIT, usually sweet, fleshy, and succulent. Most edible plants are commonly cultivated for their nutritional value and are referred to as VEGETABLES.
Proteins that originate from plants species belonging to the genus ARABIDOPSIS. The most intensely studied species of Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis thaliana, is commonly used in laboratory experiments.
A thin layer of cells forming the outer integument of seed plants and ferns. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.
The loss of water vapor by plants to the atmosphere. It occurs mainly from the leaves through pores (stomata) whose primary function is gas exchange. The water is replaced by a continuous column of water moving upwards from the roots within the xylem vessels. (Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of fungi.
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
The inherent or induced capacity of plants to withstand or ward off biological attack by pathogens.
A plant species of the family SOLANACEAE, native of South America, widely cultivated for their edible, fleshy, usually red fruit.
DNA sequences encoding RIBOSOMAL RNA and the segments of DNA separating the individual ribosomal RNA genes, referred to as RIBOSOMAL SPACER DNA.
The reproductive organs of plants.
A plant species of the family POACEAE. It is a tall grass grown for its EDIBLE GRAIN, corn, used as food and animal FODDER.
The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.
The encapsulated embryos of flowering plants. They are used as is or for animal feed because of the high content of concentrated nutrients like starches, proteins, and fats. Rapeseed, cottonseed, and sunflower seed are also produced for the oils (fats) they yield.
Closable openings in the epidermis of plants on the underside of leaves. They allow the exchange of gases between the internal tissues of the plant and the outside atmosphere.
Very young plant after GERMINATION of SEEDS.
Members of the group of vascular plants which bear flowers. They are differentiated from GYMNOSPERMS by their production of seeds within a closed chamber (OVARY, PLANT). The Angiosperms division is composed of two classes, the monocotyledons (Liliopsida) and dicotyledons (Magnoliopsida). Angiosperms represent approximately 80% of all known living plants.
Total mass of all the organisms of a given type and/or in a given area. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990) It includes the yield of vegetative mass produced from any given crop.
The large family of plants characterized by pods. Some are edible and some cause LATHYRISM or FAVISM and other forms of poisoning. Other species yield useful materials like gums from ACACIA and various LECTINS like PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS from PHASEOLUS. Many of them harbor NITROGEN FIXATION bacteria on their roots. Many but not all species of "beans" belong to this family.
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Poisoning by the ingestion of plants or its leaves, berries, roots or stalks. The manifestations in both humans and animals vary in severity from mild to life threatening. In animals, especially domestic animals, it is usually the result of ingesting moldy or fermented forage.
The above-ground plant without the roots.
Complex nucleoprotein structures which contain the genomic DNA and are part of the CELL NUCLEUS of PLANTS.
Plant cell inclusion bodies that contain the photosynthetic pigment CHLOROPHYLL, which is associated with the membrane of THYLAKOIDS. Chloroplasts occur in cells of leaves and young stems of plants. They are also found in some forms of PHYTOPLANKTON such as HAPTOPHYTA; DINOFLAGELLATES; DIATOMS; and CRYPTOPHYTA.
The act of feeding on plants by animals.
A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.
Acetic acid derivatives of the heterocyclic compound indole. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
Woody, usually tall, perennial higher plants (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, and some Pterophyta) having usually a main stem and numerous branches.
An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.
The unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants.
A plant species of the genus SOLANUM, family SOLANACEAE. The starchy roots are used as food. SOLANINE is found in green parts.
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.
A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The EDIBLE GRAIN, barley, is widely used as food.
A localized proliferation of plant tissue forming a swelling or outgrowth, commonly with a characteristic shape and unlike any organ of the normal plant. Plant tumors or galls usually form in response to the action of a pathogen or a pest. (Holliday, P., A Dictionary of Plant Pathology, 1989, p330)
Material prepared from plants.
A large family of narrow-leaved herbaceous grasses of the order Cyperales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Food grains (EDIBLE GRAIN) come from members of this family. RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL can be induced by POLLEN of many of the grasses.
Use of plants or herbs to treat diseases or to alleviate pain.

Regulation of 2-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1-phosphate phosphatase: activation by glutathione and interaction with thiol reagents. (1/9955)

2-Carboxy-D-arabinitol 1-phosphate (CA1P) phosphatase de- grades CA1P, an inhibitor associated with the regulation of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in numerous plant species. CA1P phosphatase purified from Phaseolus vulgaris was partially inactivated by oxidizing conditions during dialysis in air-equilibrated buffer. Phosphatase activity could then be stimulated 1.3-fold by dithiothreitol and also by addition of reduced thioredoxin from Escherichia coli. These effects were enhanced synergistically by the positive effector, fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate (FBP). Most notably, CA1P phosphatase activity was stimulated up to 35-fold by glutathione, and was sensitive to the ratio of reduced (GSH) to oxidized (GSSG) forms. At concentrations of glutathione approximating measured levels in chloroplasts of P. vulgaris (5 mM total S), CA1P phosphatase exhibited >20-fold stimulation by a change in the redox status of glutathione from 60 to 100% GSH. This stimulation was augmented further by reduced E. coli thioredoxin. In contrast, FBP, which activates CA1P phosphatase under reducing conditions, was strongly inhibitory in the presence of GSSG. We propose that glutathione may have an appreciable role in the light/dark regulation of CA1P phosphatase in vivo. A model for the reversible activation of CA1P phosphatase by GSH was derived based upon the various responses of the enzyme's activity to a range of thiol reagents including N-ethylmaleimide, 5, 5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) and arsenite. These data indicate that the bean enzyme contains two physically distinct sets of thiol groups that are critical to its redox regulation.  (+info)

The localisation of 2-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1-phosphate and inhibition of Rubisco in leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris L. (2/9955)

A recent controversial report suggests that the nocturnal inhibitor of Rubisco, 2-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1-phosphate (CAIP), does not bind to Rubisco in vivo and therefore that CA1P has no physiological relevance to photosynthetic regulation. It is now proved that a direct rapid assay can be used to distinguish between Rubisco-bound and free CA1P, as postulated in the controversial report. Application of this direct assay demonstrates that CA1P is bound to Rubisco in vivo in dark-adapted leaves. Furthermore, CA1P is shown to be in the chloroplasts of mesophyll cells. Thus, CA1P does play a physiological role in the regulation of Rubisco.  (+info)

The internal Cys-207 of sorghum leaf NADP-malate dehydrogenase can form mixed disulphides with thioredoxin. (3/9955)

The role of the internal Cys-207 of sorghum NADP-malate dehydrogenase (NADP-MDH) in the activation of the enzyme has been investigated through the examination of the ability of this residue to form mixed disulphides with thioredoxin mutated at either of its two active-site cysteines. The h-type Chlamydomonas thioredoxin was used, because it has no additional cysteines in the primary sequence besides the active-site cysteines. Both thioredoxin mutants proved equally efficient in forming mixed disulphides with an NADP-MDH devoid of its N-terminal bridge either by truncation, or by mutation of its N-terminal cysteines. They were poorly efficient with the more compact WT oxidised NADP-MDH. Upon mutation of Cys-207, no mixed disulphide could be formed, showing that this cysteine is the only one, among the four internal cysteines, which can form mixed disulphides with thioredoxin. These experiments confirm that the opening of the N-terminal disulphide loosens the interaction between subunits, making Cys-207, located at the dimer contact area, more accessible.  (+info)

Thiol-dependent degradation of protoporphyrin IX by plant peroxidases. (4/9955)

Protoporphyrin IX (PP) is the last porphyrin intermediate in common between heme and chlorophyll biosynthesis. This pigment normally does not accumulate in plants because its highly photodynamic nature makes it toxic. While the steps leading to heme and chlorophylls are well characterized, relatively little is known of the metabolic fate of excess PP in plants. We have discovered that plant peroxidases can rapidly degrade this pigment in the presence of thiol-containing substrates such as glutathione and cysteine. This thiol-dependent degradation of PP by horseradish peroxidase consumes oxygen and is inhibited by ascorbic acid.  (+info)

Expression of alfalfa mosaic virus coat protein in tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) deficient in the production of its native coat protein supports long-distance movement of a chimeric TMV. (5/9955)

Alfalfa mosaic virus (AlMV) coat protein is involved in systemic infection of host plants, and a specific mutation in this gene prevents the virus from moving into the upper uninoculated leaves. The coat protein also is required for different viral functions during early and late infection. To study the role of the coat protein in long-distance movement of AlMV independent of other vital functions during virus infection, we cloned the gene encoding the coat protein of AlMV into a tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-based vector Av. This vector is deficient in long-distance movement and is limited to locally inoculated leaves because of the lack of native TMV coat protein. Expression of AlMV coat protein, directed by the subgenomic promoter of TMV coat protein in Av, supported systemic infection with the chimeric virus in Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana tabacum MD609, and Spinacia oleracea. The host range of TMV was extended to include spinach as a permissive host. Here we report the alteration of a host range by incorporating genetic determinants from another virus.  (+info)

Cytokinin activation of Arabidopsis cell division through a D-type cyclin. (6/9955)

Cytokinins are plant hormones that regulate plant cell division. The D-type cyclin CycD3 was found to be elevated in a mutant of Arabidopsis with a high level of cytokinin and to be rapidly induced by cytokinin application in both cell cultures and whole plants. Constitutive expression of CycD3 in transgenic plants allowed induction and maintenance of cell division in the absence of exogenous cytokinin. Results suggest that cytokinin activates Arabidopsis cell division through induction of CycD3 at the G1-S cell cycle phase transition.  (+info)

Cloning and expression of a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) phosphatidylserine synthase cDNA. Overexpression in plants alters the composition of phospholipids. (7/9955)

We describe the cloning of a wheat cDNA (TaPSS1) that encodes a phosphatidylserine synthase (PSS) and provides the first strong evidence for the existence of this enzyme in a higher eukaryotic cell. The cDNA was isolated on its ability to confer increased resistance to aluminum toxicity when expressed in yeast. The sequence of the predicted protein encoded by TaPSS1 shows homology to PSS from both yeast and bacteria but is distinct from the animal PSS enzymes that catalyze base-exchange reactions. In wheat, Southern blot analysis identified the presence of a small family of genes that cross-hybridized to TaPSS1, and Northern blots showed that aluminum induced TaPSS1 expression in root apices. Expression of TaPSS1 complemented the yeast cho1 mutant that lacks PSS activity and altered the phospholipid composition of wild type yeast, with the most marked effect being increased abundance of phosphatidylserine (PS). Arabidopsis thaliana leaves overexpressing TaPSS1 showed a marked enhancement in PSS activity, which was associated with increased biosynthesis of PS at the expense of both phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylglycerol. Unlike mammalian cells where PS accumulation is tightly regulated even when the capacity for PS biosynthesis is increased, plant cells accumulated large amounts of PS when TaPSS1 was overexpressed. High levels of TaPSS1 expression in Arabidopsis and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) led to the appearance of necrotic lesions on leaves, which may have resulted from the excessive accumulation of PS. The cloning of TaPSS1 now provides evidence that the yeast pathway for PS synthesis exists in some plant tissues and provides a tool for understanding the pathways of phospholipid biosynthesis and their regulation in plants.  (+info)

Antisense expression of the CK2 alpha-subunit gene in Arabidopsis. Effects on light-regulated gene expression and plant growth. (8/9955)

The protein kinase CK2 (formerly casein kinase II) is thought to be involved in light-regulated gene expression in plants because of its ability to phosphorylate transcription factors that bind to the promoter regions of light-regulated genes in vitro. To address this possibility in vivo and to learn more about the potential physiological roles of CK2 in plants, we transformed Arabidopsis with an antisense construct of the CK2 alpha-subunit gene and investigated both morphological and molecular phenotypes. Antisense transformants had a smaller adult leaf size and showed increased expression of chs in darkness and of cab and rbcS after red-light treatment. The latter molecular phenotype implied that CK2 might serve as one of several negative and quantitative effectors in light-regulated gene expression. The possible mechanism of CK2 action and its involvement in the phytochrome signal transduction pathway are discussed.  (+info)

I believe there may be a slight misunderstanding in your question. "Plant leaves" are not a medical term, but rather a general biological term referring to a specific organ found in plants.

Leaves are organs that are typically flat and broad, and they are the primary site of photosynthesis in most plants. They are usually green due to the presence of chlorophyll, which is essential for capturing sunlight and converting it into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

While leaves do not have a direct medical definition, understanding their structure and function can be important in various medical fields, such as pharmacognosy (the study of medicinal plants) or environmental health. For example, certain plant leaves may contain bioactive compounds that have therapeutic potential, while others may produce allergens or toxins that can impact human health.

Genetically modified plants (GMPs) are plants that have had their DNA altered through genetic engineering techniques to exhibit desired traits. These modifications can be made to enhance certain characteristics such as increased resistance to pests, improved tolerance to environmental stresses like drought or salinity, or enhanced nutritional content. The process often involves introducing genes from other organisms, such as bacteria or viruses, into the plant's genome. Examples of GMPs include Bt cotton, which has a gene from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis that makes it resistant to certain pests, and golden rice, which is engineered to contain higher levels of beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A. It's important to note that genetically modified plants are subject to rigorous testing and regulation to ensure their safety for human consumption and environmental impact before they are approved for commercial use.

"Plant proteins" refer to the proteins that are derived from plant sources. These can include proteins from legumes such as beans, lentils, and peas, as well as proteins from grains like wheat, rice, and corn. Other sources of plant proteins include nuts, seeds, and vegetables.

Plant proteins are made up of individual amino acids, which are the building blocks of protein. While animal-based proteins typically contain all of the essential amino acids that the body needs to function properly, many plant-based proteins may be lacking in one or more of these essential amino acids. However, by consuming a variety of plant-based foods throughout the day, it is possible to get all of the essential amino acids that the body needs from plant sources alone.

Plant proteins are often lower in calories and saturated fat than animal proteins, making them a popular choice for those following a vegetarian or vegan diet, as well as those looking to maintain a healthy weight or reduce their risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer. Additionally, plant proteins have been shown to have a number of health benefits, including improving gut health, reducing inflammation, and supporting muscle growth and repair.

Basidiomycota is a phylum in the kingdom Fungi that consists of organisms commonly known as club fungi or club mushrooms. The name Basidiomycota is derived from the presence of a characteristic reproductive structure called a basidium, which is where spores are produced.

The basidiomycetes include many familiar forms such as mushrooms, toadstools, bracket fungi, and other types of polypores. They have a complex life cycle that involves both sexual and asexual reproduction. The sexual reproductive stage produces a characteristic fruiting body, which may be microscopic or highly visible, depending on the species.

Basidiomycota fungi play important ecological roles in decomposing organic matter, forming mutualistic relationships with plants, and acting as parasites on other organisms. Some species are economically important, such as edible mushrooms, while others can be harmful or even deadly to humans and animals.

A plant extract is a preparation containing chemical constituents that have been extracted from a plant using a solvent. The resulting extract may contain a single compound or a mixture of several compounds, depending on the extraction process and the specific plant material used. These extracts are often used in various industries including pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and food and beverage, due to their potential therapeutic or beneficial properties. The composition of plant extracts can vary widely, and it is important to ensure their quality, safety, and efficacy before use in any application.

Alismataceae is a family of monocotyledonous plants, also known as the water-plantain or water-flag family. It includes around 170 species of aquatic and semi-aquatic herbaceous plants that are found in freshwater habitats worldwide. The plants typically have long, slender leaves that are often submerged in water, and small flowers that are arranged in spikes or umbels. Some well-known genera in this family include Alisma (water-plantain), Echinodorus ( Amazon sword plant), and Sagittaria (arrowhead).

A plant root is not a medical term per se, but it is a term from botany, which is the study of plants. However, I can certainly provide a definition for you.

Plant roots are the underground organs of a plant that typically grow downward into the soil. They serve several important functions, including:

1. Anchorage: Roots help to stabilize the plant and keep it upright in the ground.
2. Absorption: Roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil, which are essential for the plant's growth and development.
3. Conduction: Roots conduct water and nutrients up to the above-ground parts of the plant, such as the stem and leaves.
4. Vegetative reproduction: Some plants can reproduce vegetatively through their roots, producing new plants from root fragments or specialized structures called rhizomes or tubers.

Roots are composed of several different tissues, including the epidermis, cortex, endodermis, and vascular tissue. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the root, which secretes a waxy substance called suberin that helps to prevent water loss. The cortex is the middle layer of the root, which contains cells that store carbohydrates and other nutrients. The endodermis is a thin layer of cells that surrounds the vascular tissue and regulates the movement of water and solutes into and out of the root. The vascular tissue consists of xylem and phloem, which transport water and nutrients throughout the plant.

A gene in plants, like in other organisms, is a hereditary unit that carries genetic information from one generation to the next. It is a segment of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that contains the instructions for the development and function of an organism. Genes in plants determine various traits such as flower color, plant height, resistance to diseases, and many others. They are responsible for encoding proteins and RNA molecules that play crucial roles in the growth, development, and reproduction of plants. Plant genes can be manipulated through traditional breeding methods or genetic engineering techniques to improve crop yield, enhance disease resistance, and increase nutritional value.

I apologize for any confusion, but "plants" is not a term that has a medical definition. The term "plants" refers to a large and diverse group of organisms that obtain their energy through photosynthesis, which is the process of converting sunlight into chemical energy. Plants are typically characterized by having cells with cell walls containing cellulose, chloroplasts containing the pigment chlorophyll, and the ability to synthesize their own food through photosynthesis.

In a medical or biological context, you might be thinking of "plant-based" or "phytomedicine," which refer to the use of plants or plant extracts as a form of medicine or treatment. Phytomedicines have been used for thousands of years in many traditional systems of medicine, and some plant-derived compounds have been found to have therapeutic benefits in modern medicine as well. However, "plants" itself does not have a medical definition.

'Arabidopsis' is a genus of small flowering plants that are part of the mustard family (Brassicaceae). The most commonly studied species within this genus is 'Arabidopsis thaliana', which is often used as a model organism in plant biology and genetics research. This plant is native to Eurasia and Africa, and it has a small genome that has been fully sequenced. It is known for its short life cycle, self-fertilization, and ease of growth, making it an ideal subject for studying various aspects of plant biology, including development, metabolism, and response to environmental stresses.

A medical definition for "plant shoots" may not be readily available, as the term is primarily used in botany and horticulture. However, I can provide you with a general definition:

Plant shoots refer to the above-ground portion of a plant, which typically includes structures like stems, leaves, flowers, and buds. Shoots originate from the seed or the growing tip of the plant and are responsible for photosynthesis, nutrient absorption, and reproduction. In some contexts, "plant shoots" might also refer to new growth that emerges from an existing plant, such as when a leaf or stem sprouts a new branch or flower.

Tobacco is not a medical term, but it refers to the leaves of the plant Nicotiana tabacum that are dried and fermented before being used in a variety of ways. Medically speaking, tobacco is often referred to in the context of its health effects. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), "tobacco" can also refer to any product prepared from the leaf of the tobacco plant for smoking, sucking, chewing or snuffing.

Tobacco use is a major risk factor for a number of diseases, including cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung disease, and various other medical conditions. The smoke produced by burning tobacco contains thousands of chemicals, many of which are toxic and can cause serious health problems. Nicotine, one of the primary active constituents in tobacco, is highly addictive and can lead to dependence.

The ribosomal spacer in DNA refers to the non-coding sequences of DNA that are located between the genes for ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These spacer regions are present in the DNA of organisms that have a nuclear genome, including humans and other animals, plants, and fungi.

In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, there are two ribosomal RNA genes, 16S and 23S, separated by a spacer region known as the intergenic spacer (IGS). In eukaryotic cells, there are multiple copies of ribosomal RNA genes arranged in clusters called nucleolar organizer regions (NORs), which are located on the short arms of several acrocentric chromosomes. Each cluster contains hundreds to thousands of copies of the 18S, 5.8S, and 28S rRNA genes, separated by non-transcribed spacer regions known as internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and external transcribed spacers (ETS).

The ribosomal spacer regions in DNA are often used as molecular markers for studying evolutionary relationships among organisms because they evolve more rapidly than the rRNA genes themselves. The sequences of these spacer regions can be compared among different species to infer their phylogenetic relationships and to estimate the time since they diverged from a common ancestor. Additionally, the length and composition of ribosomal spacers can vary between individuals within a species, making them useful for studying genetic diversity and population structure.

Medicinal plants are defined as those plants that contain naturally occurring chemical compounds which can be used for therapeutic purposes, either directly or indirectly. These plants have been used for centuries in various traditional systems of medicine, such as Ayurveda, Chinese medicine, and Native American medicine, to prevent or treat various health conditions.

Medicinal plants contain a wide variety of bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, and saponins, among others. These compounds have been found to possess various pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.

Medicinal plants can be used in various forms, including whole plant material, extracts, essential oils, and isolated compounds. They can be administered through different routes, such as oral, topical, or respiratory, depending on the desired therapeutic effect.

It is important to note that while medicinal plants have been used safely and effectively for centuries, they should be used with caution and under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Some medicinal plants can interact with prescription medications or have adverse effects if used inappropriately.

Mycological typing techniques are methods used to identify and classify fungi at the species or strain level, based on their unique biological characteristics. These techniques are often used in clinical laboratories to help diagnose fungal infections and determine the most effective treatment approaches.

There are several different mycological typing techniques that may be used, depending on the specific type of fungus being identified and the resources available in the laboratory. Some common methods include:

1. Phenotypic methods: These methods involve observing and measuring the physical characteristics of fungi, such as their growth patterns, colonial morphology, and microscopic features. Examples include macroscopic and microscopic examination, as well as biochemical tests to identify specific metabolic properties.

2. Genotypic methods: These methods involve analyzing the DNA or RNA of fungi to identify unique genetic sequences that can be used to distinguish between different species or strains. Examples include PCR-based methods, such as restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis, as well as sequencing-based methods, such as internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing and multilocus sequence typing (MLST).

3. Proteotypic methods: These methods involve analyzing the proteins expressed by fungi to identify unique protein profiles that can be used to distinguish between different species or strains. Examples include matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).

Mycological typing techniques are important tools for understanding the epidemiology of fungal infections, tracking outbreaks, and developing effective treatment strategies. By accurately identifying the specific fungi causing an infection, healthcare providers can tailor their treatments to target the most vulnerable aspects of the pathogen, improving patient outcomes and reducing the risk of drug resistance.

Photosynthesis is not strictly a medical term, but it is a fundamental biological process with significant implications for medicine, particularly in understanding energy production in cells and the role of oxygen in sustaining life. Here's a general biological definition:

Photosynthesis is a process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy, usually from the sun, into chemical energy in the form of organic compounds, such as glucose (or sugar), using water and carbon dioxide. This process primarily takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells, specifically in structures called thylakoids. The overall reaction can be summarized as:

6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O2

In this equation, carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) are the reactants, while glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2) are the products. Photosynthesis has two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle). The light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid membrane and involve the conversion of light energy into ATP and NADPH, which are used to power the Calvin cycle. The Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts and involves the synthesis of glucose from CO2 and water using the ATP and NADPH generated during the light-dependent reactions.

Understanding photosynthesis is crucial for understanding various biological processes, including cellular respiration, plant metabolism, and the global carbon cycle. Additionally, research into artificial photosynthesis has potential applications in renewable energy production and environmental remediation.

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the genetic material present in the cells of all living organisms, including plants. In plants, DNA is located in the nucleus of a cell, as well as in chloroplasts and mitochondria. Plant DNA contains the instructions for the development, growth, and function of the plant, and is passed down from one generation to the next through the process of reproduction.

The structure of DNA is a double helix, formed by two strands of nucleotides that are linked together by hydrogen bonds. Each nucleotide contains a sugar molecule (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. There are four types of nitrogenous bases in DNA: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Adenine pairs with thymine, and guanine pairs with cytosine, forming the rungs of the ladder that make up the double helix.

The genetic information in DNA is encoded in the sequence of these nitrogenous bases. Large sequences of bases form genes, which provide the instructions for the production of proteins. The process of gene expression involves transcribing the DNA sequence into a complementary RNA molecule, which is then translated into a protein.

Plant DNA is similar to animal DNA in many ways, but there are also some differences. For example, plant DNA contains a higher proportion of repetitive sequences and transposable elements, which are mobile genetic elements that can move around the genome and cause mutations. Additionally, plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts, which are not present in animal cells, and these structures contain their own DNA.

'Plant development' is not a term typically used in medical definitions, as it is more commonly used in the field of botany to describe the growth and differentiation of plant cells, tissues, and organs over time. However, in a broader context, plant development can be defined as the series of changes and processes that occur from the fertilization of a plant seed to the formation of a mature plant, including germination, emergence, organ formation, growth, and reproduction.

In medicine, terms related to plant development may include "phytotherapy" or "herbal medicine," which refer to the use of plants or plant extracts as medicinal treatments for various health conditions. The study of how these plants develop and produce their active compounds is an important area of research in pharmacology and natural products chemistry.

A plant stem is not typically defined in a medical context, but rather in the field of botany. However, I can certainly provide a general biological definition for you.

In plants, stems are organs that serve primarily as support structures, holding leaves, flowers, and fruits aloft where they can receive sunlight and exchange gases. They also act as conduits, transporting water, nutrients, and sugars made during photosynthesis between the roots and shoots of a plant.

The stem is usually composed of three main tissue systems: dermal, vascular, and ground. The dermal tissue system forms the outermost layer(s) of the stem, providing protection and sometimes participating in gas exchange. The vascular tissue system contains the xylem (which transports water and nutrients upward) and phloem (which transports sugars and other organic compounds downward). The ground tissue system, located between the dermal and vascular tissues, is responsible for food storage and support.

While not a direct medical definition, understanding the structure and function of plant stems can be relevant in fields such as nutrition, agriculture, and environmental science, which have implications for human health.

'Toxic plants' refer to those species of plants that contain toxic substances capable of causing harmful effects or adverse health reactions in humans and animals when ingested, touched, or inhaled. These toxins can cause a range of symptoms from mild irritation to serious conditions such as organ failure, paralysis, or even death depending on the plant, the amount consumed, and the individual's sensitivity to the toxin.

Toxic plants may contain various types of toxins, including alkaloids, glycosides, proteins, resinous substances, and essential oils. Some common examples of toxic plants include poison ivy, poison oak, nightshade, hemlock, oleander, castor bean, and foxglove. It is important to note that some parts of a plant may be toxic while others are not, and the toxicity can also vary depending on the stage of growth or environmental conditions.

If you suspect exposure to a toxic plant, it is essential to seek medical attention immediately and, if possible, bring a sample of the plant for identification.

Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in the chloroplasts of photosynthetic plants, algae, and some bacteria. It plays an essential role in light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis by absorbing light energy, primarily from the blue and red parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, and converting it into chemical energy to fuel the synthesis of carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water. The structure of chlorophyll includes a porphyrin ring, which binds a central magnesium ion, and a long phytol tail. There are several types of chlorophyll, including chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, which have distinct absorption spectra and slightly different structures. Chlorophyll is crucial for the process of photosynthesis, enabling the conversion of sunlight into chemical energy and the release of oxygen as a byproduct.

Gene expression regulation in plants refers to the processes that control the production of proteins and RNA from the genes present in the plant's DNA. This regulation is crucial for normal growth, development, and response to environmental stimuli in plants. It can occur at various levels, including transcription (the first step in gene expression, where the DNA sequence is copied into RNA), RNA processing (such as alternative splicing, which generates different mRNA molecules from a single gene), translation (where the information in the mRNA is used to produce a protein), and post-translational modification (where proteins are chemically modified after they have been synthesized).

In plants, gene expression regulation can be influenced by various factors such as hormones, light, temperature, and stress. Plants use complex networks of transcription factors, chromatin remodeling complexes, and small RNAs to regulate gene expression in response to these signals. Understanding the mechanisms of gene expression regulation in plants is important for basic research, as well as for developing crops with improved traits such as increased yield, stress tolerance, and disease resistance.

A plant disease is a disorder that affects the normal growth and development of plants, caused by pathogenic organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, or nematodes, as well as environmental factors like nutrient deficiencies, extreme temperatures, or physical damage. These diseases can cause various symptoms, including discoloration, wilting, stunted growth, necrosis, and reduced yield or productivity, which can have significant economic and ecological impacts.

A plant cell is defined as a type of eukaryotic cell that makes up the structural basis of plants and other forms of multicellular plant-like organisms, such as algae and mosses. These cells are typically characterized by their rigid cell walls, which provide support and protection, and their large vacuoles, which store nutrients and help maintain turgor pressure within the cell.

Plant cells also contain chloroplasts, organelles that carry out photosynthesis and give plants their green color. Other distinctive features of plant cells include a large central vacuole, a complex system of membranes called the endoplasmic reticulum, and numerous mitochondria, which provide energy to the cell through cellular respiration.

Plant cells are genetically distinct from animal cells, and they have unique structures and functions that allow them to carry out photosynthesis, grow and divide, and respond to their environment. Understanding the structure and function of plant cells is essential for understanding how plants grow, develop, and interact with their surroundings.

Phylogeny is the evolutionary history and relationship among biological entities, such as species or genes, based on their shared characteristics. In other words, it refers to the branching pattern of evolution that shows how various organisms have descended from a common ancestor over time. Phylogenetic analysis involves constructing a tree-like diagram called a phylogenetic tree, which depicts the inferred evolutionary relationships among organisms or genes based on molecular sequence data or other types of characters. This information is crucial for understanding the diversity and distribution of life on Earth, as well as for studying the emergence and spread of diseases.

In the context of medical terminology, "light" doesn't have a specific or standardized definition on its own. However, it can be used in various medical terms and phrases. For example, it could refer to:

1. Visible light: The range of electromagnetic radiation that can be detected by the human eye, typically between wavelengths of 400-700 nanometers. This is relevant in fields such as ophthalmology and optometry.
2. Therapeutic use of light: In some therapies, light is used to treat certain conditions. An example is phototherapy, which uses various wavelengths of ultraviolet (UV) or visible light for conditions like newborn jaundice, skin disorders, or seasonal affective disorder.
3. Light anesthesia: A state of reduced consciousness in which the patient remains responsive to verbal commands and physical stimulation. This is different from general anesthesia where the patient is completely unconscious.
4. Pain relief using light: Certain devices like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) units have a 'light' setting, indicating lower intensity or frequency of electrical impulses used for pain management.

Without more context, it's hard to provide a precise medical definition of 'light'.

A plant genome refers to the complete set of genetic material or DNA present in the cells of a plant. It contains all the hereditary information necessary for the development and functioning of the plant, including its structural and functional characteristics. The plant genome includes both coding regions that contain instructions for producing proteins and non-coding regions that have various regulatory functions.

The plant genome is composed of several types of DNA molecules, including chromosomes, which are located in the nucleus of the cell. Each chromosome contains one or more genes, which are segments of DNA that code for specific proteins or RNA molecules. Plants typically have multiple sets of chromosomes, with each set containing a complete copy of the genome.

The study of plant genomes is an active area of research in modern biology, with important applications in areas such as crop improvement, evolutionary biology, and medical research. Advances in DNA sequencing technologies have made it possible to determine the complete sequences of many plant genomes, providing valuable insights into their structure, function, and evolution.

18S rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is the smaller subunit of the eukaryotic ribosome, which is the cellular organelle responsible for protein synthesis. The "18S" refers to the sedimentation coefficient of this rRNA molecule, which is a measure of its rate of sedimentation in a centrifuge and is expressed in Svedberg units (S).

The 18S rRNA is a component of the 40S subunit of the ribosome, and it plays a crucial role in the decoding of messenger RNA (mRNA) during protein synthesis. Specifically, the 18S rRNA helps to form the structure of the ribosome and contains several conserved regions that are involved in binding to mRNA and guiding the movement of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) during translation.

The 18S rRNA is also a commonly used molecular marker for evolutionary studies, as its sequence is highly conserved across different species and can be used to infer phylogenetic relationships between organisms. Additionally, the analysis of 18S rRNA gene sequences has been widely used in various fields such as ecology, environmental science, and medicine to study biodiversity, biogeography, and infectious diseases.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Plant Structures" is not a medical term. It is a term used in the field of botany to refer to the different parts of a plant, such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits. Each of these structures has specific functions that contribute to the overall growth, reproduction, and survival of the plant. If you have any questions related to biology or botany, I'd be happy to try and help answer them!

Medical definitions of water generally describe it as a colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for all forms of life. It is a universal solvent, making it an excellent medium for transporting nutrients and waste products within the body. Water constitutes about 50-70% of an individual's body weight, depending on factors such as age, sex, and muscle mass.

In medical terms, water has several important functions in the human body:

1. Regulation of body temperature through perspiration and respiration.
2. Acting as a lubricant for joints and tissues.
3. Facilitating digestion by helping to break down food particles.
4. Transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the body.
5. Helping to maintain healthy skin and mucous membranes.
6. Assisting in the regulation of various bodily functions, such as blood pressure and heart rate.

Dehydration can occur when an individual does not consume enough water or loses too much fluid due to illness, exercise, or other factors. This can lead to a variety of symptoms, including dry mouth, fatigue, dizziness, and confusion. Severe dehydration can be life-threatening if left untreated.

Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are natural or synthetic chemical substances that, when present in low concentrations, can influence various physiological and biochemical processes in plants. These processes include cell division, elongation, and differentiation; flowering and fruiting; leaf senescence; and stress responses. PGRs can be classified into several categories based on their mode of action and chemical structure, including auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, ethylene, and others. They are widely used in agriculture to improve crop yield and quality, regulate plant growth and development, and enhance stress tolerance.

Edible plants are those that can be safely consumed by humans and other animals as a source of nutrition. They have various parts (such as fruits, vegetables, seeds, roots, stems, and leaves) that can be used for food after being harvested and prepared properly. Some edible plants have been cultivated and domesticated for agricultural purposes, while others are gathered from the wild. It is important to note that not all plants are safe to eat, and some may even be toxic or deadly if consumed. Proper identification and knowledge of preparation methods are crucial before consuming any plant material.

Arabidopsis proteins refer to the proteins that are encoded by the genes in the Arabidopsis thaliana plant, which is a model organism commonly used in plant biology research. This small flowering plant has a compact genome and a short life cycle, making it an ideal subject for studying various biological processes in plants.

Arabidopsis proteins play crucial roles in many cellular functions, such as metabolism, signaling, regulation of gene expression, response to environmental stresses, and developmental processes. Research on Arabidopsis proteins has contributed significantly to our understanding of plant biology and has provided valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying various agronomic traits.

Some examples of Arabidopsis proteins include transcription factors, kinases, phosphatases, receptors, enzymes, and structural proteins. These proteins can be studied using a variety of techniques, such as biochemical assays, protein-protein interaction studies, and genetic approaches, to understand their functions and regulatory mechanisms in plants.

I apologize for the confusion, but "Plant Epidermis" is not a medical term. Instead, it is a term used in botany to describe the outermost layer of cells in plant tissues. The epidermis serves as a protective barrier for the plant, regulating gas exchange and water loss through stomata, and producing cutin, a waxy substance that helps prevent water loss.

In summary, "Plant Epidermis" is a term related to plant biology and not medicine.

Species specificity is a term used in the field of biology, including medicine, to refer to the characteristic of a biological entity (such as a virus, bacterium, or other microorganism) that allows it to interact exclusively or preferentially with a particular species. This means that the biological entity has a strong affinity for, or is only able to infect, a specific host species.

For example, HIV is specifically adapted to infect human cells and does not typically infect other animal species. Similarly, some bacterial toxins are species-specific and can only affect certain types of animals or humans. This concept is important in understanding the transmission dynamics and host range of various pathogens, as well as in developing targeted therapies and vaccines.

Plant transpiration is the process by which water vapor escapes from leaves and other aerial parts of plants to the atmosphere. It is a type of evapotranspiration, which refers to both evaporation from land surfaces and transpiration from plants. Water molecules are absorbed by plant roots from the soil, move up through the xylem tissue to the leaves, and then evaporate from the leaf surface through stomatal pores. This process helps in the transportation of nutrients from the soil to various parts of the plant, regulates the temperature of the plant, and maintains the turgor pressure within the cells. Plant transpiration is influenced by environmental factors such as light intensity, temperature, humidity, and wind speed.

Fungal DNA refers to the genetic material present in fungi, which are a group of eukaryotic organisms that include microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as larger organisms like mushrooms. The DNA of fungi, like that of all living organisms, is made up of nucleotides that are arranged in a double helix structure.

Fungal DNA contains the genetic information necessary for the growth, development, and reproduction of fungi. This includes the instructions for making proteins, which are essential for the structure and function of cells, as well as other important molecules such as enzymes and nucleic acids.

Studying fungal DNA can provide valuable insights into the biology and evolution of fungi, as well as their potential uses in medicine, agriculture, and industry. For example, researchers have used genetic engineering techniques to modify the DNA of fungi to produce drugs, biofuels, and other useful products. Additionally, understanding the genetic makeup of pathogenic fungi can help scientists develop new strategies for preventing and treating fungal infections.

Molecular sequence data refers to the specific arrangement of molecules, most commonly nucleotides in DNA or RNA, or amino acids in proteins, that make up a biological macromolecule. This data is generated through laboratory techniques such as sequencing, and provides information about the exact order of the constituent molecules. This data is crucial in various fields of biology, including genetics, evolution, and molecular biology, allowing for comparisons between different organisms, identification of genetic variations, and studies of gene function and regulation.

A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome. Mutations can occur spontaneously or be caused by environmental factors such as exposure to radiation, chemicals, or viruses. They may have various effects on the organism, ranging from benign to harmful, depending on where they occur and whether they alter the function of essential proteins. In some cases, mutations can increase an individual's susceptibility to certain diseases or disorders, while in others, they may confer a survival advantage. Mutations are the driving force behind evolution, as they introduce new genetic variability into populations, which can then be acted upon by natural selection.

"Plant immunity" refers to the complex defense mechanisms that plants have evolved to protect themselves from pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and nematodes. Plants do not have an adaptive immune system like humans, so they rely on their innate immune responses to detect and respond to pathogen invasion.

Plant immunity can be broadly categorized into two types: PTI (PAMP-triggered immunity) and ETI (Effector-triggered immunity). PTI is activated when the plant recognizes conserved microbial patterns, known as PAMPs (Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns), through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) located on the cell surface. This recognition triggers a series of defense responses, such as the production of reactive oxygen species, the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and the expression of defense genes.

ETI is activated when the plant recognizes effector proteins produced by pathogens to suppress PTI. Effector recognition typically occurs through resistance (R) proteins that can directly or indirectly recognize effectors, leading to the activation of stronger defense responses, such as the hypersensitive response (HR), which involves localized programmed cell death to limit pathogen spread.

Overall, plant immunity is a complex and dynamic process involving multiple layers of defense mechanisms that help plants protect themselves from pathogens and maintain their health and productivity.

"Lycopersicon esculentum" is the scientific name for the common red tomato. It is a species of fruit from the nightshade family (Solanaceae) that is native to western South America and Central America. Tomatoes are widely grown and consumed in many parts of the world as a vegetable, although they are technically a fruit. They are rich in nutrients such as vitamin C, potassium, and lycopene, which has been studied for its potential health benefits.

Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) refers to the specific regions of DNA in a cell that contain the genes for ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Ribosomes are complex structures composed of proteins and rRNA, which play a crucial role in protein synthesis by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins.

In humans, there are four types of rRNA molecules: 18S, 5.8S, 28S, and 5S. These rRNAs are encoded by multiple copies of rDNA genes that are organized in clusters on specific chromosomes. In humans, the majority of rDNA genes are located on the short arms of acrocentric chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22.

Each cluster of rDNA genes contains both transcribed and non-transcribed spacer regions. The transcribed regions contain the genes for the four types of rRNA, while the non-transcribed spacers contain regulatory elements that control the transcription of the rRNA genes.

The number of rDNA copies varies between species and even within individuals of the same species. The copy number can also change during development and in response to environmental factors. Variations in rDNA copy number have been associated with various diseases, including cancer and neurological disorders.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "flowers" is not a term that has a medical definition. The term "flowers" is commonly used to refer to the reproductive structures of flowering plants (angiosperms), which are characterized by having both male and female reproductive organs or separate male and female flowers.

If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health conditions, I would be happy to try to help answer those for you!

'Zea mays' is the biological name for corn or maize, which is not typically considered a medical term. However, corn or maize can have medical relevance in certain contexts. For example, cornstarch is sometimes used as a diluent for medications and is also a component of some skin products. Corn oil may be found in topical ointments and creams. In addition, some people may have allergic reactions to corn or corn-derived products. But generally speaking, 'Zea mays' itself does not have a specific medical definition.

Temperature, in a medical context, is a measure of the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment. It is usually measured using a thermometer and reported in degrees Celsius (°C), degrees Fahrenheit (°F), or kelvin (K). In the human body, normal core temperature ranges from about 36.5-37.5°C (97.7-99.5°F) when measured rectally, and can vary slightly depending on factors such as time of day, physical activity, and menstrual cycle. Elevated body temperature is a common sign of infection or inflammation, while abnormally low body temperature can indicate hypothermia or other medical conditions.

In medical terms, "seeds" are often referred to as a small amount of a substance, such as a radioactive material or drug, that is inserted into a tissue or placed inside a capsule for the purpose of treating a medical condition. This can include procedures like brachytherapy, where seeds containing radioactive materials are used in the treatment of cancer to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Similarly, in some forms of drug delivery, seeds containing medication can be used to gradually release the drug into the body over an extended period of time.

It's important to note that "seeds" have different meanings and applications depending on the medical context. In other cases, "seeds" may simply refer to small particles or structures found in the body, such as those present in the eye's retina.

Stomata are microscopic pores found in the epidermis of plant leaves, stems, and other organs. They are essential for gas exchange between the plant and the atmosphere, allowing the uptake of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and the release of oxygen. Plant stomata consist of two guard cells that surround and regulate the size of the pore. The opening and closing of the stomatal pore are influenced by environmental factors such as light, humidity, and temperature, as well as internal signals within the plant.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "seedling" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. It is an agricultural and horticultural term that refers to a young plant grown from a seed, typically during the early stages of its growth. If you have any questions related to health or medicine, I'd be happy to try to help with those!

Angiosperms, also known as flowering plants, are a group of plants that produce seeds enclosed within an ovary. The term "angiosperm" comes from the Greek words "angeion," meaning "case" or "capsule," and "sperma," meaning "seed." This group includes the majority of plant species, with over 300,000 known species.

Angiosperms are characterized by their reproductive structures, which consist of flowers. The flower contains male and female reproductive organs, including stamens (which produce pollen) and carpels (which contain the ovules). After fertilization, the ovule develops into a seed, while the ovary matures into a fruit, which provides protection and nutrition for the developing embryo.

Angiosperms are further divided into two main groups: monocots and eudicots. Monocots have one cotyledon or embryonic leaf, while eudicots have two. Examples of monocots include grasses, lilies, and orchids, while examples of eudicots include roses, sunflowers, and legumes.

Angiosperms are ecologically and economically important, providing food, shelter, and other resources for many organisms, including humans. They have evolved a wide range of adaptations to different environments, from the desert to the ocean floor, making them one of the most diverse and successful groups of plants on Earth.

Biomass is defined in the medical field as a renewable energy source derived from organic materials, primarily plant matter, that can be burned or converted into fuel. This includes materials such as wood, agricultural waste, and even methane gas produced by landfills. Biomass is often used as a source of heat, electricity, or transportation fuels, and its use can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels.

In the context of human health, biomass burning can have both positive and negative impacts. On one hand, biomass can provide a source of heat and energy for cooking and heating, which can improve living standards and reduce exposure to harmful pollutants from traditional cooking methods such as open fires. On the other hand, biomass burning can also produce air pollution, including particulate matter and toxic chemicals, that can have negative effects on respiratory health and contribute to climate change.

Therefore, while biomass has the potential to be a sustainable and low-carbon source of energy, it is important to consider the potential health and environmental impacts of its use and implement appropriate measures to minimize any negative effects.

Fabaceae is the scientific name for a family of flowering plants commonly known as the legume, pea, or bean family. This family includes a wide variety of plants that are important economically, agriculturally, and ecologically. Many members of Fabaceae have compound leaves and produce fruits that are legumes, which are long, thin pods that contain seeds. Some well-known examples of plants in this family include beans, peas, lentils, peanuts, clover, and alfalfa.

In addition to their importance as food crops, many Fabaceae species have the ability to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere into the soil through a symbiotic relationship with bacteria that live in nodules on their roots. This makes them valuable for improving soil fertility and is one reason why they are often used in crop rotation and as cover crops.

It's worth noting that Fabaceae is sometimes still referred to by its older scientific name, Leguminosae.

An amino acid sequence is the specific order of amino acids in a protein or peptide molecule, formed by the linking of the amino group (-NH2) of one amino acid to the carboxyl group (-COOH) of another amino acid through a peptide bond. The sequence is determined by the genetic code and is unique to each type of protein or peptide. It plays a crucial role in determining the three-dimensional structure and function of proteins.

Plant poisoning is a form of poisoning that occurs when someone ingests, inhales, or comes into contact with any part of a plant that contains toxic substances. These toxins can cause a range of symptoms, depending on the type and amount of plant consumed or exposed to, as well as the individual's age, health status, and sensitivity to the toxin.

Symptoms of plant poisoning may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, difficulty breathing, skin rashes, seizures, or in severe cases, even death. Some common plants that can cause poisoning include poison ivy, poison oak, foxglove, oleander, and hemlock, among many others.

If you suspect plant poisoning, it is important to seek medical attention immediately and bring a sample of the plant or information about its identity if possible. This will help healthcare providers diagnose and treat the poisoning more effectively.

Aerial parts of plants refer to the above-ground portions of a plant, including leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits. These parts are often used in medicine, either in their entirety or as isolated extracts, to take advantage of their medicinal properties. The specific components of aerial parts that are used in medicine can vary depending on the plant species and the desired therapeutic effects. For example, the leaves of some plants may contain active compounds that have anti-inflammatory or analgesic properties, while the flowers of others may be rich in antioxidants or compounds with sedative effects. In general, aerial parts of plants are used in herbal medicine to treat a wide range of conditions, including respiratory, digestive, and nervous system disorders, as well as skin conditions and infections.

Chromosomes in plants are thread-like structures that contain genetic material, DNA, and proteins. They are present in the nucleus of every cell and are inherited from the parent plants during sexual reproduction. Chromosomes come in pairs, with each pair consisting of one chromosome from each parent.

In plants, like in other organisms, chromosomes play a crucial role in inheritance, development, and reproduction. They carry genetic information that determines various traits and characteristics of the plant, such as its physical appearance, growth patterns, and resistance to diseases.

Plant chromosomes are typically much larger than those found in animals, making them easier to study under a microscope. The number of chromosomes varies among different plant species, ranging from as few as 2 in some ferns to over 1000 in certain varieties of wheat.

During cell division, the chromosomes replicate and then separate into two identical sets, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information. This process is critical for the growth and development of the plant, as well as for the production of viable seeds and offspring.

Chloroplasts are specialized organelles found in the cells of green plants, algae, and some protists. They are responsible for carrying out photosynthesis, which is the process by which these organisms convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of organic compounds, such as glucose.

Chloroplasts contain the pigment chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy from the sun. They also contain a system of membranes and enzymes that convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen through a series of chemical reactions known as the Calvin cycle. This process not only provides energy for the organism but also releases oxygen as a byproduct, which is essential for the survival of most life forms on Earth.

Chloroplasts are believed to have originated from ancient cyanobacteria that were engulfed by early eukaryotic cells and eventually became integrated into their host's cellular machinery through a process called endosymbiosis. Over time, chloroplasts evolved to become an essential component of plant and algal cells, contributing to their ability to carry out photosynthesis and thrive in a wide range of environments.

Herbivory is not a medical term, but rather a term used in biology and ecology. It refers to the practice of consuming plants or plant matter for food. Herbivores are animals that eat only plants, and their diet can include leaves, stems, roots, flowers, fruits, seeds, and other parts of plants.

While herbivory is not a medical term, it is still relevant to the field of medicine in certain contexts. For example, understanding the diets and behaviors of herbivores can help inform public health initiatives related to food safety and disease transmission. Additionally, research on herbivory has contributed to our understanding of the evolution of plant-animal interactions and the development of ecosystems.

Cyclopentanes are a class of hydrocarbons that contain a cycloalkane ring of five carbon atoms. The chemical formula for cyclopentane is C5H10. It is a volatile, flammable liquid that is used as a solvent and in the production of polymers. Cyclopentanes are also found naturally in petroleum and coal tar.

Cyclopentanes have a unique structure in which the carbon atoms are arranged in a pentagonal shape, with each carbon atom bonded to two other carbon atoms and one or two hydrogen atoms. This structure gives cyclopentane its characteristic "bowl-shaped" geometry, which allows it to undergo various chemical reactions, such as ring-opening reactions, that can lead to the formation of other chemicals.

Cyclopentanes have a variety of industrial and commercial applications. For example, they are used in the production of plastics, resins, and synthetic rubbers. They also have potential uses in the development of new drugs and medical technologies, as their unique structure and reactivity make them useful building blocks for the synthesis of complex molecules.

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is not exactly a medical term, but rather a scientific term used in the field of biochemistry and physiology. It is a type of auxin, which is a plant hormone that regulates various growth and development processes in plants. IAA is the most abundant and best-studied natural auxin.

Medically, indole-3-acetic acid may be mentioned in the context of certain medical conditions or treatments related to plants or plant-derived substances. For example, some research has investigated the potential use of IAA in promoting wound healing in plants or in agricultural applications. However, it is not a substance that is typically used in medical treatment for humans or animals.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "trees" is not a medical term. It is a common term used in various fields, including biology, ecology, and dendrology, to refer to a woody perennial plant with a single stem or trunk that supports branches and leaves in most species.

If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health-related topics, please provide more context so I can offer an accurate and helpful response.

Nitrogen is not typically referred to as a medical term, but it is an element that is crucial to medicine and human life.

In a medical context, nitrogen is often mentioned in relation to gas analysis, respiratory therapy, or medical gases. Nitrogen (N) is a colorless, odorless, and nonreactive gas that makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. It is an essential element for various biological processes, such as the growth and maintenance of organisms, because it is a key component of amino acids, nucleic acids, and other organic compounds.

In some medical applications, nitrogen is used to displace oxygen in a mixture to create a controlled environment with reduced oxygen levels (hypoxic conditions) for therapeutic purposes, such as in certain types of hyperbaric chambers. Additionally, nitrogen gas is sometimes used in cryotherapy, where extremely low temperatures are applied to tissues to reduce pain, swelling, and inflammation.

However, it's important to note that breathing pure nitrogen can be dangerous, as it can lead to unconsciousness and even death due to lack of oxygen (asphyxiation) within minutes.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "soil" is not a term that has a medical definition. Soil is defined as the top layer of earth in which plants grow, a mixture of organic material, clay, sand, and silt. If you have any questions related to medicine or health, I would be happy to try to help answer them for you.

"Solanum tuberosum" is the scientific name for a plant species that is commonly known as the potato. According to medical and botanical definitions, Solanum tuberosum refers to the starchy, edible tubers that grow underground from this plant. Potatoes are native to the Andes region of South America and are now grown worldwide. They are an important food source for many people and are used in a variety of culinary applications.

Potatoes contain several essential nutrients, including carbohydrates, fiber, protein, vitamin C, and some B vitamins. However, they can also be high in calories, especially when prepared with added fats like butter or oil. Additionally, potatoes are often consumed in forms that are less healthy, such as French fries and potato chips, which can contribute to weight gain and other health problems if consumed excessively.

In a medical context, potatoes may also be discussed in relation to food allergies or intolerances. While uncommon, some people may have adverse reactions to potatoes, including skin rashes, digestive symptoms, or difficulty breathing. These reactions are typically caused by an immune response to proteins found in the potato plant, rather than the tubers themselves.

A base sequence in the context of molecular biology refers to the specific order of nucleotides in a DNA or RNA molecule. In DNA, these nucleotides are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). In RNA, uracil (U) takes the place of thymine. The base sequence contains genetic information that is transcribed into RNA and ultimately translated into proteins. It is the exact order of these bases that determines the genetic code and thus the function of the DNA or RNA molecule.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Hordeum" is not a medical term. It is actually the genus name for barley in botany. If you have any medical terms or concepts that you would like me to explain, please let me know!

A plant tumor, also known as a gall or neoplasm, is an abnormal growth that occurs in plants. These growths can be caused by various factors such as genetic mutations, bacterial or viral infections, and physical injuries. However, the most well-known cause of plant tumors are crown galls, which are induced by the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

When this bacterium infects a plant through a wound, it transfers a portion of its DNA (T-DNA) into the plant's cells. The T-DNA contains genes that encode enzymes responsible for the production of auxins and cytokinins, two types of plant hormones that promote cell division and growth. As a result, the infected plant cells start to divide uncontrollably, leading to the formation of a tumor-like growth.

Plant tumors can vary in size and appearance, ranging from small bumps to large, disfigured growths. While they are not typically harmful to the plant, they can reduce its aesthetic value and economic productivity. In some cases, plant tumors may also provide a habitat for pests and diseases, which can further harm the plant.

"Plant preparations" is not a term with a specific medical definition in the field of medicine or pharmacology. However, it is commonly used to refer to various forms of plant material that have been prepared for medicinal use. This can include dried and powdered plant parts, such as leaves, roots, or flowers, as well as extracts or concentrates made from plants. These preparations may be used in traditional medicine or as the basis for modern pharmaceuticals. It is important to note that the safety, effectiveness, and quality of plant preparations can vary widely, and they should only be used under the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider.

Poaceae is not a medical term but a taxonomic category, specifically the family name for grasses. In a broader sense, you might be asking for a medical context where knowledge of this plant family could be relevant. For instance, certain members of the Poaceae family can cause allergies or negative reactions in some people.

In a medical definition, Poaceae would be defined as:

The family of monocotyledonous plants that includes grasses, bamboo, and sedges. These plants are characterized by narrow leaves with parallel veins, jointed stems (called "nodes" and "internodes"), and flowers arranged in spikelets. Some members of this family are important food sources for humans and animals, such as rice, wheat, corn, barley, oats, and sorghum. Other members can cause negative reactions, like skin irritation or allergies, due to their silica-based defense structures called phytoliths.

Phytotherapy is the use of extracts of natural origin, especially plants or plant parts, for therapeutic purposes. It is also known as herbal medicine and is a traditional practice in many cultures. The active compounds in these plant extracts are believed to have various medicinal properties, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, or sedative effects. Practitioners of phytotherapy may use the whole plant, dried parts, or concentrated extracts to prepare teas, capsules, tinctures, or ointments for therapeutic use. It is important to note that the effectiveness and safety of phytotherapy are not always supported by scientific evidence, and it should be used with caution and preferably under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

... is a process by which plants make efficient use of the space around them by causing their leaves to enlarge, or ... As a contrast, the fast-growing plants have large leaves as a result of constantly being bathed in light. The differing leaf ... Volkenburgh, E.V. (1999). "Leaf Expansion - an integrating plant behaviour". Plant, Cell & Environment. 22 (12): 1463-1473. doi ... Different types of plants tend to grow at different rates. Those that grow slowly tend to prioritize having much smaller leaf ...
"Maple Leaf places $80m plant order". Dawn (newspaper). 18 January 2017. Retrieved 18 November 2020. v t e (Saigol Group, Cement ... Maple Leaf Cement (میپل لیف سیمنٹ) is a Pakistani building materials company which is owned by United Venture Holdings. It is ... "Maple Leaf plans to raise Rs4.3bln through rights issue". The News International (newspaper), Published 16 August 2017, ... "Corporate result: Maple Leaf Cement's earnings fall slightly to Rs4.7b". The Express Tribune (newspaper). 13 September 2017. ...
Plant Leaves Flower "Appendices , CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14. Albert, V. A.; Chase, M. W. (1992). "Mexipedium: A ... A small number of plants were removed for propagation in case plant hunters eradicated the wild stock. Plants are now available ... The silvery-green leaves are small, stiff and semi-erect. The tiny white-pink flowers show a shieldlike, pinkish staminode and ... Only seven plants were observed at the time of its discovery. Mexipedium was recently rediscovered in a nearby locality. ...
Dyer, Mary H. "Are sweet potato leaves edible?". Gardening Know How. Potato vine plant leaves. Retrieved 23 April 2018. Scott, ... The leaves are screwed along the stems. The leaf stalk is 5 to 20 inches long. The leaf blades are very variable, 5 to 13 cm ( ... The plant is a herbaceous perennial vine, bearing alternate triangle-shaped or palmately lobed leaves and medium-sized ... The tubers of this plant, known as kattala in Dhivehi, have been used in the traditional diet of the Maldives. The leaves were ...
... and plant leaves (Zamites). List of prehistoric bony fish genera Heimann, A.; Fleming, T. H.; Elliot, D. H.; Foland, K. A. ( ...
The banana leaf is the leaf of the banana plant, which may produce up to 40 leaves in a growing cycle. The leaves have a wide ... Patravali, a dried leaf eating plate Banana leaf rice Strelitzia, a bird of paradise plant with similarly shaped leaves. ... The choice of banana leaves is mainly due to the broad leaves as well as to the ubiquity of the plant in South India. Typically ... The cleaned banana leaf is often used as a placemat; cut banana-leaf sheets placed on rattan, bamboo or clay plates are used to ...
It has trifoliate leaves. The Plant List, Rubus geoides Sm. Rubus geoides, Sistema de Información de Biodiversidad Tropicos, ... Rubus geoides is a South American species of flowering plant in the rose family. It has been found only in the extreme southern ... Plants for a Future. v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with ' ... species' microformats, Rubus, Plants described in 1789, Flora of Argentina, Flora of Chile, All stub articles, Rubus stubs). ...
Plants have broad leaves. The flowers are borne in a raceme. Each flower has six blue tepals, forming a star shape. The stamens ... Merwilla is a genus of bulbous flowering plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae (also treated as the family ... List of South African plant botanical authors#V[circular reference] "Merwilla Speta", eMonocot, archived from the original on ... Search for "Merwilla", World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2013-04-08 (All ...
Plants have alternate leaves. White or lilac flowers form at the end of stalks or on leaf axils. The fruiting body is a capsule ... Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 29 May 2023. "NSW Flora Online". Plant Net. NSW Government. Retrieved June 15, 2012. Data ...
This plant belongs to the Chenopodiaceae, which are now included in family Amaranthaceae. These plants lack leaves. Stem & ... The Walmajarri people of the southern Kimberley call this plant Mungily. Tecticornia indica at APNI - Australian Plant Name ... The fruit of this plant is round and green. Capsule is hard and it contains many seeds that are hairy. The seeds are dimorphic ... Tecticornia indica is a species of plant that is succulent and halophyte (salt tolerant) which grows in salt marshes on ...
Padmavathi, P.; Rao, M. Prabhakara (April 1990). "Nutritive value ofSauropus androgynus leaves". Plant Foods for Human ... The more the leaves mature, the higher the nutrient content of the leaves. It is common in evergreen forest and cultivated up ... Sauropus androgynus, also known as katuk, star gooseberry, or sweet leaf, is a shrub grown in some tropical regions as a leaf ... Information from Leaf for Life Sweet Leaf Katuk - Sauropus Androgynus (Articles with short description, Short description ...
The plant has small leaves. The flowers have four petals. The berries are red containing 1 seed. All parts of the plants are ... "European Wild Plant: Viscum cruciatum Red-berry Mistletoe". www.ukwildflowers.com. Retrieved 2021-04-19. Viscum cruciatum info ... "Viscum cruciatum Sieber ex Boiss". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved ... Evens, Zabrina N.; Stellpflug, Samuel J. (December 2012). "Holiday Plants with Toxic Misconceptions". Western Journal of ...
The plant has few leaves. The above-ground parts of the plant are hairy. The lower leaves are heart-shaped and usually long- ... The upper leaves are irregularly pinnate with a very large end section and small side sections. The underside of the leaf is ... The plant thrives on moist, coarse scree slopes at elevations of 1,500 to 2,900 metres (4,900 to 9,500 ft). Finkenzeller, Xaver ... The pygmy hawksbeard grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches a height of 5 to 15 centimetres (2.0 to 5.9 in). The ...
Deciduous plants lose their leaves; evergreens curtail all new growth. Going through an "eternal summer" and the resultant ... In plant physiology, dormancy is a period of arrested plant growth. It is a survival strategy exhibited by many plant species, ... In a study on rice and tobacco plants, plants defective in zeaxanthin epoxidase gene, which are linked to ABA-synthesis pathway ... Chemical treatment on dormant plants has been proven to be an effective method to break dormancy, particularly in woody plants ...
... to sickle-shaped leaves. Rarely plants have five leaves. The lowest two or three leaves are basal. The lowest leaf is the ... The uppermost leaf is often bract-like. Gladiolus alatus produces large orange flowers. Each plant has between two and eight ... Although the stem is usually simple, some plants have one short stem. They often have a small cormlet in the subterranean leaf ... pulcherrimus (from Clanwilliam and Piketberg): Plants have wider leaves and an inflorescence which branches more. Flowers have ...
Asterwort - Any composite plant of the family Asteraceae. Awlwort - Subularia aquatica. The plant bears awl-shaped leaves. ... Waterwort - An aquatic plant of the genus Elatine. Any plant of the family Philydraceae. White navelwort - A plant of the genus ... The plant pellitory. Hartwort - Any of certain plants of the genera Seseli, Tordylium, and Bupleurum. Heathwort - Any plant of ... A plant of the genus Mertensia, the lungworts. Also, a boraginaceous plant of the genus Pulmonaria. Lustwort - Any plant of the ...
CAM plants have a different leaf anatomy from C3 plants, and fix the CO2 at night, when their stomata are open. CAM plants ... In parallel, plant physiologists studied leaf gas exchanges using the new method of infrared gas analysis and a leaf chamber ... Some plants have evolved mechanisms to increase the CO2 concentration in the leaves under these conditions. Plants that use the ... These include the amount of light available, the amount of leaf area a plant has to capture light (shading by other plants is a ...
... while the plant provides fixed carbon to the microbe. The bacteria enter the plant via glands found at the base of each leaf ... They can have leaves up to 2.9 m (9 ft 6 in) in width on stout leaf stalks 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) long and 11 cm (4+1⁄2 in) thick ... The Hoja de Pantano (G. magnifica) of the Colombian Andes bears the largest leaf buds of any plant; up to 60 cm (2 ft) long and ... "Abbotsbury Gardens celebrates plant's 'monster' leaves". BBC. 14 October 2011. "Unknown". The Garden. London. 63 (1631): 125. ...
B. petiolaris is fairly uniform across its range, though plants may vary in leaf size. Its yellow flower spikes and white leaf ... as the loss of valuable nutrients in leaf loss is minimised (the leaves store much of a plant's nutrients). B. petiolaris is ... Dead leaves remain on the plant. Flowering occurs in late spring. The cylindrical inflorescences are yellow in overall colour ... Banksia petiolaris has the longest-lived leaves of any flowering plant so far recorded-a study published in 1992 recorded a ...
... and of the cocoa plant, Theobroma cacao; the leaves of the tea plant; and kola nuts. Other sources include the leaves of yaupon ... The leaves of Ilex guayusa, the Ecuadorian holly tree, are placed in boiling water to make a guayusa tea. The leaves of Ilex ... Caffeine in plants acts as a natural pesticide: it can paralyze and kill predator insects feeding on the plant. High caffeine ... or leaves of a number of plants native to Africa, East Asia and South America, and helps to protect them against herbivores and ...
... the flowers of 20 plant species; the leaves of 18 plant species; and the bark of one plant species. It has also been observed ... It is mostly frugivorous, consuming the fruits of at least 53 plant species; ...
This plant has long, slender leaves. Because of destruction of habitat, this plant is endangered. The winged peppercress has ... Lepidium monoplocoides is listed as endangered in Victoria under the DELWP Advisory List of Rare or Threatened Plants in ... The fruit is what defines the winged peppercress as a different species than other peppercress plants. Population locations ... Lepidium monoplocoides, the winged peppercress, is a nationally endangered plant species endemic to inland south-eastern ...
This flowering plant has heart-shaped leaves that are a rich green and 6-9 inches (15-23 cm) long. It can be easily grown from ... Leaves of an Ipomoea carnea plant. Ipomoea carnea flowers Flowers in Ranchi, India Media related to Ipomoea carnea at Wikimedia ... The plant is also of medicinal value. It contains a component identical to marsilin, a sedative and anticonvulsant. A ... and to bioaccumulation of selenium in the leaves but mostly in the seeds. The stem of I. carnea can be used for making paper. ...
The plant has dark green leaves. The flowers are purple. Leaman, D.J. (2015). "Viola libanotica". IUCN Red List of Threatened ... plant), Endemic flora of Lebanon, Plants described in 1849, Taxa named by Pierre Edmond Boissier). ... "Viola libanotica Boiss". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Archived from the ... "List of plants". Horsh Ehden Nature Reserve. Archived from the original on August 7, 2011. Retrieved May 2, 2011. (Articles ...
... "leaves". The plant possesses no true leaves; what appear to be leaves are flattened stems. The fronds emerge directly from the ... Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra. ... Phylogeny of early land plants: insights from genes and genomes. Trends in Plant Science 4 (1), 26-30 Wikispecies has ... 2022 and Fern Tree of life Les Robinson - Field Guide to the Native Plants of Sydney, ISBN 978-0-7318-1211-0 page 303 " ...
"Crassifolium" means "thick leaf." The plant has thick, wooly leaves. It is native to California and Baja California. ... When gathering the leaves for human consumption, it is important to accurately distinguish the plant from the toxic E. parryi ... The leaves are up to 17 centimeters long by 6 wide, dark green, and sometimes toothed along the edges. The underside of the ... The plant can be easily confused with E. trichocalyx and E. californicum (two other species of yerba santa) or, more ...
A pagtaɣəp, əsad na gīboŋ dirî dāpat pinagdə̄dəlagan.) Daɣun - plant leaf. (Kadakəl ka daɣun ka tanəm ni Tāta Isko.) Taɣob - ... The words kātiŋ and eksam are rinconadized words of the English cutting (cutting classes or leaving the room during school ... a thorny plant abundant in Bicol region, kulitis in Tagalog (scientific name Amaranthus spinosus) padjak - a bicycle converted ... place the native speaker population at an estimated 600,000 because there are many speakers outside the region who have left in ...
"How to Peel Skin Of Curry Leaf Seeds to Grow Plants". Curry Leaf Plants. Retrieved 2023-03-11. "Indian Spices". 2008-07-23. ... the name of the plant associated with the perceived blackness of the tree leaves. The records of the leaves being utilized are ... One can plant the whole fruit, but it is best to remove the pulp before planting in potting mix that is kept moist but not wet ... Its leaves, known as curry leaves, are used in many dishes in the Indian subcontinent. It is a small tree, growing 4-6 metres ( ...
"Spade-leaf philodendron , plant, Philodendron domesticum , Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-01-22. Mayo, S. J. ( ... is a plant in the genus Philodendron. Its arrow-shaped glossy leaves grow to be 22 inches (56 cm) long and 9 inches (23 cm) ... House plants, Plants described in 1966, All stub articles, Araceae stubs). ...
... is commonly known as Madagascar laceleaf, lattice leaf or lace plant. It is an aquatic plant native ... The leaves are oblong, the leaf blade 15-55 cm long and from 5-16 cm broad, with a total leaf length including the petiole of ... 1911). "Lattice Leaf Plant". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. Wikisource has the text of the ... Aquatic plants, Flora of Madagascar, Flora of the Comoros, Freshwater plants). ...
Is your compound leaf pinnate or palmate? And if its pinnate, is it pinnate odd, pinnate even, or twice pinnate? Find the ...
I received a burgundy rubber plant from Home Depot for gift. It has lost about 8 leaves in last two weeks. In medium light. ... Some leaf drop is natural (ficus tends to drop its oldest leaves but quickly replaces them). I think your ficus is just ... If it comes out with soil on it, the moisture level is fine, if it comes out clean, the plant needs watering. Just be patient ...
Yellowing leaves on squash plants is quite common and can be caused by a variety of things, including transplant shock, over or ... I planted zucchini squash on March 20,2000 and up until about a week and half ago it seemed to be growing and looking great. ... They need nitrogen at the start of their growing for green healthy leaves. Try fish emulsion for an organic source of nitrogen ... Now it seems that the leaves are turning yellow. Help!!! What should I do?. ...
The leaves on flowering plants, vegetables, or other plants can begin to turn yellow. Determining the cause is the first step ... This is a guide about plants leaves turning yellow. ... Question: Plants Leaves are Turning Yellow?. Loyda. January 5 ... Yellowing leaves on plants usually mean too much water. Brown leaves on plants usually means not enough water and the leaves ... My plant is dying. I bought this plant in July and it was doing very well. Three months later (winter) its leaves started ...
Calligraphic Plants/Twigs/Leaves Set 1 calligraphy clipart_issue detailed For Use green ink intricate leaf nature nib oldifluff ... Calligraphic Illustration- Leaf, Twig, Plant- 2. by oldifluff - uploaded on June 21, 2016, 7:31 pm ... This set of 5 is for leaves, plants and twigs. Hope you like it! :-) ... organic plant stalk stem twig watercolor bitmap_issue Safe for Work?. Yes. Download. SVG (Vector) PNG (Bitmap) Small Medium ...
However, it is currently unclear how the plant shapes its leaf microbiota and what role the plant immune system plays in this ... Arabidopsis thaliana plants lacking the rbohD gene, which encodes the NADPH oxidase RBOHD, have an altered leaf microbiome ... the absence of the plant NADPH oxidase RBOHD caused the most pronounced change in the composition of the leaf microbiota. The ... RBOHD is essential for microbiota homeostasis and emphasizes the importance of the plant immune system in controlling the leaf ...
A public meeting on June 24 against the proposed desalination plant drew 500 people. The gathering, 12 months after a 700- ... Support Green Left. For 30 years Green Left has been there, day in day out, reporting the stories that the corporate, Murdoch, ... Green Left Podcasts. Chile coup 50 years on, the fight to save koalas & Canadas deadly wildfires , Green Left News Podcast ... You need Green Left, and we need you!. Green Left is funded by contributions from readers and supporters. Help us reach our ...
When an azalea becomes afflicted with a disorder or pest it begins to exhibit symptoms such as yellowing leaves. When the ... The plants leaves turn light green and then fade to yellow. The veins of the leaves remain green, but the rest of the leaf ... The leaves will begin to rapidly fall from the shrub. Once the leaves drop off a branch it dies completely until the entire ... The stunt nematode (Tylenchorhynchus claytoni) turns the leaves of the azalea yellow. The plant will also be seriously stunted ...
These species are identified by their assorted leaf structure and unique arrangements. The plants include various evergreen, ... The state of Florida is home to a very large variety of plant species. ... Florida shrubs are typically broad-leaved plants that are divided into smaller leaves, known as "compound leaves." They are ... Florida shrubs are typically broad-leaved plants that are divided into smaller leaves, known as "compound leaves.". ...
Here we describe how to detect nucleic acid-protein interactions in plant leaves by using a fluorescence resonance energy ... After sample fixation and cell wall permeabilization, leaves are treated with Sytox Orange, a nucleic acid dye that can ... To illustrate our approach, we provide experimental procedures to detect the interaction between plant DNA and two proteins ( ... This protocol allows the detection of protein-nucleic acid interactions in plant cells and can be completed in <2 d. ...
Many plants have interesting leaf patterning that are worth growing for their unique foliage alone. ... These plants with patterned foliage include spotted plants, splotchy plants, striped plants, streaked plants, plants with ... plants with a unique leaf edge or leaf center, and plants whose leaves have contrasting veins. ... News flash! - not all plants have green leaves! In fact, many plants have interesting leaf patterning that are worth growing ...
In order to dispel the belief that plant-based meals are missing something, its essential that the food is delicious and ...
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Australias dirtiest coal-fired power plant, will officially close by the end of March. ... Hazelwood power station: Closure of plant to leave hundreds jobless. Posted. Thu 3 Nov 2016 at 1:14am. Thursday 3 Nov 2016 at 1 ... We have done different studies to see if we could transform Hazelwood to a biomass plant. Weve looked also to see if we could ... What will happen when the Hazelwood power plant shuts down?. The closure will have wide-ranging consequences for Victoria and ...
It is hardy to UK zone 8. It is in leaf all year, in flower from September to October. The species is hermaphrodite (has both ... The plant can tolerates strong winds but not maritime exposure. It can tolerate atmospheric pollution. ... Plant Uses. Edible Uses Medicinal Uses Other Plant uses Woodland Gardening. Why Perennial Plants?. Top Edible Plants. Top ... The plants selected are the plants in our book Plants For Your Food Forest: 500 Plants for Temperate Food Forests and ...
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... your lovely plant by gently detaching each mature leaf from the stem. Fear not-every thick, succulent leaf is a self-contained ... Planted leaf cuttings. Luckily, one Echeveria can yield a bounty of babies (and therefore smiles!) A word of warning, however: ... Succulent leaf cuttings show the beginnings of new rosettes.. For the next four to five weeks youll play the waiting game. If ... Simply lay each leaf directly on the surface of a moistened, well-drained cactus/succulent soil mix, or bury the detached end ...
The Tyson meatpacking plant has brought thousands of new people to Garden City, Kansas, in the past four decades. ...
Decorative plants play an important role in providing shade and cover in the aquarium, helping fish and other critters feel ... p>Bright and beautifully hand-dyed, this Xsmall decorative aquarium plant will stay bright and colorful for years. ... Colorburst Waffle Leaf XSmall Silk Aquarium Plant All prices include free shipping in the 48 states!. Aquarium Supplies , ... Plant heights are approx. 5.5 - 6-inches.. Blue Ribbon Color Burst Vibran-Sea® silk-style aquarium plants allow you to ...
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The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs). The plant is self-fertile. Suitable for: light (sandy), medium ... Plant Uses. Edible Uses Medicinal Uses Other Plant uses Woodland Gardening. Why Perennial Plants?. Top Edible Plants. Top ... The plants selected are the plants in our book Plants For Your Food Forest: 500 Plants for Temperate Food Forests and ... Native Plant Search. Search over 900 plants ideal for food forests and permaculture gardens. Filter to search native plants to ...
... and branches of Finnish berry plants and analyzed with HPLC-DAD, UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS and NMR. In addition, press cakes from two ... Phenolic compounds were extracted with food grade solvent of acidified aqueous ethanol from leaves, berries, berry press cakes ... Antioxidative and antibacterial activities of aqueous ethanol extracts of berries, leaves, and branches of berry plants Food ... The leaf extracts showed higher antioxidative activities (3-20 fold in ORAC assay, 10-20 fold in TRAP) than the berry extracts ...
The plant has repeatedly come under fire for weeks, raising concerns of a potential Chernobyl-style nuclear incident. ... referring to claims Russia was leaving the plant.. Kiev, Moscow trade blame over nuclear plant shelling, IAEA chief warns of ... Kremlin: Russia has no plan to leave Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant in southern Ukraine Monday, 28 November 2022 4:41 PM [ Last ... The plant, seized by Russia in March, has repeatedly come under fire for weeks, raising concerns of a potential Chernobyl-style ...
... plant.. I came across may mixes like 5:1:1 mix, 5:1:1 gritty mix, ready made potting mix(personally used supersoil potting mix ... I am trying to find out the best potting mix for curry leaf plants.. I have few of different sizes from 3 seedlings to 8 ... Plants are a year old, 5-7 inches in height. These saplings were grown from the seeds of a large curry leaf plant in our ... So since this was coming out of Hawaii, it could come as seed, but not as fruit, leaves, or a live plant. Even though the seeds ...
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  • The grove and tree planting ceremony was established in 2017 when the international community at Elon came together to create a lasting and tangible way for international students to represent their Elon legacy. (elon.edu)
  • Before 2017, many international students would pass along their oak saplings to their American classmates to plant because of difficulty transporting them across country borders. (elon.edu)
  • The spider mite feeds on the underside of the azalea leaves and stems by sucking the sap from the shrub using its powerful mouth. (gardenguides.com)
  • Rinse the mouth out with water if leaves or stems were eaten. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Nonsoluble calcium oxalate crystals are found in plant stems, roots, and leaves. (medscape.com)
  • Phytobezoar is a compact mass of fibres, skins, seeds, leaves, roots or stems of plants that collects in the stomach or small intestine [3]. (who.int)
  • This allows plants to develop unique structures such as modified roots and vibrant leaves. (gardenguides.com)
  • Fear not-every thick, succulent leaf is a self-contained "power pack" with the ability to continue photosynthesizing and enough stored moisture to put that energy to immediate use growing new roots and leaves. (nybg.org)
  • From the base of each leaf will emerge delicate young roots followed by one or more miniature new rosettes. (nybg.org)
  • The whole plant, but especially the roots, is rich in tannin[4]. (pfaf.org)
  • An infusion of the whole plant, or of the roots alone, is used in the treatment of diarrhoea (especially for children and the elderly), dysentery, cholera, gastro-enteritis, internal bleeding, excessive menstruation etc[4]. (pfaf.org)
  • It is best to harvest the roots as the plant comes into flower since they are then at their most active medicinally[4]. (pfaf.org)
  • The leaves and roots are rich in tannin[4]. (pfaf.org)
  • Tucked away on South Campus, past Holt Chapel and behind the Harden Clubhouse, is the International Grove - a plot of land dedicated for Elon's international students to plant their oak saplings and put down roots on the campus which they have bloomed on and helped to flourish. (elon.edu)
  • Former San Francisco private detective Donovan Plant spent nearly two decades chasing leads and tailing cheaters before returning to his musical roots in 2011. (bottomofthehill.com)
  • My big question is, will the rhizome grow new leaves if all it has is roots and rhizome? (fishlore.com)
  • will the roots from an anubias ties with thread to a piece of driftwood eventually grow leaves ( sorry didn't mean to try to hijack your thread) does your other anubias that is doing well have new leaf growth? (fishlore.com)
  • 500 Plants for Temperate Food Forests and Permaculture Gardens. (pfaf.org)
  • Search over 900 plants ideal for food forests and permaculture gardens. (pfaf.org)
  • The plants selected are the plants in our book 'Plants For Your Food Forest: 500 Plants for Temperate Food Forests and Permaculture Gardens, as well as plants chosen for our forthcoming related books for Tropical/Hot Wet Climates and Mediterranean/Hot Dry Climates. (pfaf.org)
  • Donovan formed DONOVAN PLANT & THE LEAFS in 2018, a group that includes drummer Lliam Hart (Information Society/Wire Train), bassist Mike Henry (Minus One) and lead guitarist Jason Rojek (Sugar Crash). (bottomofthehill.com)
  • Martin County Judge Executive Lon Lafferty addresses reporters outside a road leading to the abandoned Martin Mine Prep Plant in Inez, K.Y. where the collapse of an 11-story tipple killed at least one man on Wednesday, Nov. 1, 2023. (kron4.com)
  • A view shows the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant in the course of the Russia-Ukraine war outside Enerhodar in the Zaporizhzhia region, October 14, 2022. (presstv.ir)
  • The Zaporizhzhya nuclear power plant, the largest in Europe, has been under Russian occupation since March 2022. (liga.net)
  • On Thursday, May 19, more than 20 students from the Class of 2022 alongside their families and loved ones added to the International Grove at the sixth annual International Tree Planting, cementing their place at Elon forever. (elon.edu)
  • In a 2022 report , NIOSH investigators found that workers cultivating, harvesting, and trimming cannabis plants had health and safety concerns. (cdc.gov)
  • The chemical called chlorophyll interacts with water, carbon dioxide and sunlight to create the simple carbohydrates plants need to grow and thrive. (lovetoknow.com)
  • which enables more sunlight to be absorbed by chloroplasts, driving the rate of photosynthesis upward, or it enables more stomata to be created on the leaf surface, allowing the plant to increase its carbon dioxide intake. (wikipedia.org)
  • Infestation with WCM (apart from or with CCN) significantly reduced the efficiency of carbon dioxide assimilation by barley leaves, whereas infection only with CCN expanded photosynthesis efficiency . (bvsalud.org)
  • Yellowing leaves on squash plants is quite common and can be caused by a variety of things, including transplant shock, over or under-watering and lack of nitrogen. (garden.org)
  • Yellowing leaves on plants usually mean too much water. (thriftyfun.com)
  • If you have yellowing between the veins of leaves from the bottom up on your plants or your plants lack vigor, adding this element may help. (thriftyfun.com)
  • When an azalea becomes afflicted with a disorder or pest it begins to exhibit symptoms such as yellowing leaves. (gardenguides.com)
  • A word of warning, however: the first act involves courage as it entails "decimating" your lovely plant by gently detaching each mature leaf from the stem. (nybg.org)
  • He launched The Stem, a "one-stop-shop for all things green", selling indoor and outdoor plants , dried flowers, grow-your-own sets and pots. (yahoo.com)
  • The Poison Ivy plant has three leaves on each stem. (cdc.gov)
  • Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (bvsalud.org)
  • If it comes out with soil on it, the moisture level is fine, if it comes out clean, the plant needs watering. (garden.org)
  • Seeing your photo it looks like the plant needs to be repotted into a larger pot with new soil and especially since it's obvious there is a large and elderly portion of this plant sharing the space of the smaller soil level leaves. (thriftyfun.com)
  • Plant azaleas in raised flower beds in area where the soil is clay, according to North Carolina State University. (gardenguides.com)
  • Simply lay each leaf directly on the surface of a moistened, well-drained cactus/succulent soil mix, or bury the detached end of each leaf in the medium at a 45-degree angle, tamping lightly around the base to secure it firmly in position. (nybg.org)
  • These rosettes will grow and strengthen, absorbing moisture and nutrients in the soil as well as the still-attached "mother leaf. (nybg.org)
  • Some glyphosate may stay in the air for a short time when it is being sprayed on plants, but glyphosate does not normally enter air from the soil. (cdc.gov)
  • Needle leaves from pine trees increase photosynthetic processes within the plant and are able to regenerate damaged buds without wasting important resources. (gardenguides.com)
  • Needle leaf' has a bit higher demands than the 'diabolica' and pygmaeae, but is still a very easy plant to grow. (tropica.com)
  • Evergreen trees and shrubs, or those that retain their green leaves through the winter, maintain a thick, waxy coating on each needle. (lovetoknow.com)
  • Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally. (pfaf.org)
  • not all plants have green leaves! (plantdelights.com)
  • Long and rippled, purple and green leaves, with orange fronds and weighted base. (arcatapet.com)
  • Dark photo of the leaves of a plant with some green leaves starting to turn yellow. (shopify.com)
  • I also use to regularly feed my plant with fish emulsion & some Vermicompost & this gave me a good success. (gardenweb.com)
  • Russia says it has no plans to give up the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant in southern Ukraine, rejecting claims that Russian troops will be preparing to vacate Europe's biggest nuclear facility. (presstv.ir)
  • Zaporizhzhia is the largest nuclear power plant in Europe and among the 10 largest in the world. (presstv.ir)
  • The plant, seized by Russia in March, has repeatedly come under fire for weeks, raising concerns of a potential Chernobyl-style nuclear incident. (presstv.ir)
  • The report is based on an analysis of five key areas - chemical plants, nuclear plants, hazardous material transport, ports and water systems. (citizen.org)
  • The Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant has been disconnected from the power grid due to Russia's shelling, significantly increasing the risk of an accident, Ukraine's state energy operation Energoatom said on Monday. (liga.net)
  • The nuclear power plant went into the blackout mode for the seventh time since it was occupied last March, the statement read. (liga.net)
  • Beijing is planning to invest in two major nuclear power plant projects in a multi-billion pound contract that would give them access to Britain's strategic energy network. (express.co.uk)
  • Malicious IT breaches could allow data to be extracted or inserted into complex computer systems, allowing Beijing to circumvent British control of a nuclear plant and shut it down. (express.co.uk)
  • Plant's Leaves are Turning Yellow? (thriftyfun.com)
  • To understand the mystery behind this annual fall show is to uncover the magical factories inside the plant's leaves. (lovetoknow.com)
  • Within each cell of a plant's leaves is a substance called chlorophyll. (lovetoknow.com)
  • As chlorophyll production stops altogether, the carotenoids and anthocyanins inside the plant's leaves become visible. (lovetoknow.com)
  • Blue light hits a plant's leaves and causes the downstream activation of proton pumps. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since the state's climate provides increased levels of sunlight, some plants do not maximize their photosynthetic potential. (gardenguides.com)
  • Their leaves are designed to decrease water loss from evaporation and increase photosynthetic surface area. (gardenguides.com)
  • Reactive oxygen species metabolism and photosynthetic performance in leaves of Hordeum vulgare plants co-infested with Heterodera filipjevi and Aceria tosichella. (bvsalud.org)
  • Effects of Epsom Salt on Plant Growth? (thriftyfun.com)
  • Does Epsom salt affect plant growth? (thriftyfun.com)
  • Lugtenberg, B. & Kamilova, F. Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria. (nature.com)
  • The plant will also be seriously stunted in growth. (gardenguides.com)
  • Growth rate of the plant compared to other aquatic plants. (tropica.com)
  • It is an environmentally-friendly packaging that aims to contribute to the growth of local plants. (yankodesign.com)
  • To begin with, Folger was entreating his friends to buy plants, but sales surged via Instagram: "I initially grew the account to 10,000 followers by constantly growth-hacking - following and unfollowing people to make the account grow. (yahoo.com)
  • This is due to light being scarce, their slow growth preventing them from reaching the heights that fast-growing plants reach that provides them with plentiful amounts of light. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mangulabnan ensures proper composting and planting is possible by using organic soy ink for the printing as well as an edible starch wrapper to further protect the food item inside the package. (yankodesign.com)
  • A correlative approach is developed to simultaneously visualize calcium oxalates, silica minerals, chloroplasts, and leaf soft tissue in 3D without affecting the minerals or the organic components. (lu.se)
  • Organic particulate matter and dust from the plants. (cdc.gov)
  • Proteins of interest (POI) are tagged with a GFP and transiently expressed in plant cells to serve as donor fluorophore. (nature.com)
  • To illustrate our approach, we provide experimental procedures to detect the interaction between plant DNA and two proteins (the AeCRN13 effector from the oomycete Aphanomyces euteiches and the AtWRKY22 defensive transcription factor from Arabidopsis ). (nature.com)
  • Figure 3: GFP fluorescence observed in Nicotiana leaves that express GFP-tagged proteins. (nature.com)
  • Figure 8: GFP lifetime distribution of GFP:AeCRN13 and GFP:AeCRN13 AAA fusion proteins in plant nuclei. (nature.com)
  • Infestation with WCM (apart from or with CCN) also significantly restricted the electron transport on the photosystem I acceptor side, therefore produced reactive oxygen species oxidized lipids in cells of WCM and double infested plants and proteins in cells of WCM-infested plants . (bvsalud.org)
  • Sensitization to proteins from cannabis plants may pose a risk for the development of allergic responses. (cdc.gov)
  • The leaves will begin to rapidly fall from the shrub. (gardenguides.com)
  • Once the leaves drop off a branch it dies completely until the entire shrub perishes. (gardenguides.com)
  • The creeping rhizome must not be covered when planting, otherwise the plant will rot and die. (tropica.com)
  • Some of the rhizome was blackening so I snipped it off after I lost all of the leaves. (fishlore.com)
  • it shouldn't be planted, the rhizome needs to be exposed. (fishlore.com)
  • Florida shrubs are typically broad-leaved plants that are divided into smaller leaves, known as "compound leaves. (gardenguides.com)
  • We have done different studies to see if we could transform Hazelwood to a biomass plant. (abc.net.au)
  • The plants include various evergreen, pine, palm and fruit-bearing trees. (gardenguides.com)
  • Although better-known for palm trees, Florida's vegetation includes coniferous, evergreen and various fruit-bearing plants. (gardenguides.com)
  • Book titles include Edible Plants , Edible Perennials , Edible Trees , and Woodland Gardening . (pfaf.org)
  • Starting in late summer, many species of deciduous plants, including trees and shrubs, turn brilliant colors and shed their leaves. (lovetoknow.com)
  • Deciduous trees and shrubs lose their leaves in the fall as a protective measure. (lovetoknow.com)
  • Thus evergreens can maintain their leaves (needles) throughout the harsh winter months while deciduous trees must shed them. (lovetoknow.com)
  • Last Christmas, he sold 4000 trees - but the pallets were so large they too didn't fit into his new, far larger Leytonstone warehouse: "We had to leave them outside the door and were really worried that they'd be stolen. (yahoo.com)
  • Instead of focusing on gathering more sunlight with green chlorophyll leaves, the vibrant colors are used by the plant to attract pollinators and aid in the process of reproduction. (gardenguides.com)
  • During the spring and summer when sunlight is abundant and temperatures are warm, the plants' leaves contain plenty of chlorophyll. (lovetoknow.com)
  • The state of Florida is home to a very large variety of plant species. (gardenguides.com)
  • These species are identified by their assorted leaf structure and unique arrangements. (gardenguides.com)
  • Subtropic plants process internal compounds differently from other species because of their minimal dormancy periods. (gardenguides.com)
  • In the plants native environment, its flowers can only be pollinated by a certain species of moth. (pfaf.org)
  • Often referred to as Mexican Hens and Chicks, these Central and South American species adore sun, tolerate neglect, and exhibit a vast array of captivating leaf forms as well as flower and foliage colors. (nybg.org)
  • Remember, it works just as well on Graptopetalum , Sedum , Kalanchoe , and many other succulent plant species. (nybg.org)
  • The plant can tolerates strong winds but not maritime exposure. (pfaf.org)
  • Poinsettia plant exposure can affect many parts of the body. (medlineplus.gov)
  • leaves of numerous plants including exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Previous exposure to cannabis and cross-reactivity to plant allergens (such as peach, tomato, and certain nuts) further complicate diagnosis. (cdc.gov)
  • This method shows that in okra leaves silica and calcium oxalates, together with chloroplasts, form a complex system. (lu.se)
  • Most patients who have been exposed to plants containing oxalates completely recover. (medscape.com)
  • When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and plant them out in the summer. (pfaf.org)
  • I have few of different sizes from 3" seedlings to 8" plant. (gardenweb.com)
  • Learn which plants thrive in your Hardiness Zone with our new interactive map! (gardenguides.com)
  • It further warned that an accident "with radiation consequences for the whole world" might happen if the external power supply to the Zaporizhzhia plant was not restored in time. (liga.net)
  • More than 100 civilians - including elderly women and mothers with small children - left the sprawling, rubble-strewn Azovstal steel mill on Sunday and set out in buses and ambulances for the Ukrainian-controlled city of Zaporizhzhia, about 140 miles (230 kilometers) to the northwest, according to authorities and video released by the two sides. (nbcnewyork.com)
  • The veins of the leaves remain green, but the rest of the leaf turns brilliant yellow and finally paper white. (gardenguides.com)
  • These stakes nestle into a planter or garden for a conversation-worthy display of brilliant green-hued glass leaf shapes. (vivaterra.com)
  • The rich and vibrant colors of the glass are chosen to mimic the natural hues of leaves, adding a brilliant and enchanting touch to any setting. (vivaterra.com)
  • Designed to add a touch of natural beauty and vibrant colors to any indoor or outdoor space, these artistic stakes are perfect for an indoor garden set in potted plants as well as gardens, flowerbeds, and pathways. (vivaterra.com)
  • It masks other colors or pigments found within the leaves. (lovetoknow.com)
  • However, it is currently unclear how the plant shapes its leaf microbiota and what role the plant immune system plays in this process. (nature.com)
  • Bright pink leaves like those found on the codiaeum variegatum and the cordyline fruticosa are easy to identify on sight. (gardenguides.com)
  • Plants found throughout the state are often evergreen and able to sustain resources through the entire year. (gardenguides.com)
  • During gardening leave before a new role, however, Folger found he "loved being surrounded by plants and nature, and with a long-standing interest in e-commerce, the idea of selling plants online suddenly seemed very obvious. (yahoo.com)
  • I needed somewhere to keep the plants, so I found the cheapest space I could in London - a 100sq ft unit on the second story of an old Victorian warehouse in Wembley," Folger adds. (yahoo.com)
  • These minerals are found at different locations within the leaf, and there is little conclusive evidence about the functions they perform. (lu.se)
  • There are two processes found by which this occurs: osmotic regulation, which has a temporary effect that causes leaves to increase size, or wall extensibility, which gradually changes the leaf over time and permanently enlarges it. (wikipedia.org)
  • Currently, plants containing oxalate are admired for their ornamental beauty and found in public places and homes. (medscape.com)
  • Subtropic plants with colorful foliage fill the landscape of Florida. (gardenguides.com)
  • Bright and beautifully hand-dyed, this Xsmall decorative aquarium plant will stay bright and colorful for years. (arcatapet.com)
  • The average or medium light demand of an aquarium plant is 0,5 W/L. (tropica.com)
  • Filter to search native plants to your area. (pfaf.org)
  • As a London-only business, The Stem's turnover was just over £1 million in 2021, "about 1.5% market share of the London indoor plant market," Folger says. (yahoo.com)
  • The 2021 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS), documented 5840 single exposures for oxalate plant poisonings. (medscape.com)
  • The 2021 NPDS report noted 4204 oxalate plant exposures in those younger than 6 years, 713 exposures in those aged 6-12 years, 179 in those 13-19 years old, and 561 exposures in those age 20 years and older. (medscape.com)
  • The 2021 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' NPDS reported 1225 minor outcomes, 80 moderate outcomes, and 4 major outcomes, but no deaths from oxalate plant exposures. (medscape.com)
  • Phenolic compounds were extracted with food grade solvent of acidified aqueous ethanol from leaves, berries, berry press cakes, and branches of Finnish berry plants and analyzed with HPLC-DAD, UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS and NMR. (nih.gov)
  • Berries and Leaves of Actinidia kolomikta (Rupr. (mdpi.com)
  • Blue Ribbon Color Burst Vibran-Sea® silk-style aquarium plants allow you to transform your aquarium into an aquatic theater, limited only by your imagination. (arcatapet.com)
  • Strongest anti-bacterial effects was observed in the leaf extracts of lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea), sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides ssp. (nih.gov)
  • After parasitaemia was confirmed using standard procedure, 200mg/kg and 300mg/Kg body weights of Hippocratea Africana root bark and Eremomastax speciosa leaf extracts respectively, were administered by oral routes to the respective groups of mice for 6 days. (bvsalud.org)
  • In most cases, nonsoluble oxalate plants produce self-limited symptoms and clinical manifestations. (medscape.com)
  • The structures of leaf cells and the arrangement of their processes can help botanists identify plants, where visual cues may not be enough. (gardenguides.com)
  • Phytophthora root rot causes the azalea's leaves to turn yellow but the veins to remain green. (gardenguides.com)
  • Plants in this genus are notably resistant to honey fungus[200]. (pfaf.org)
  • The differing leaf sizes allow both types of plants to coexist in nature while in different ecological niches, and explains why certain canopy layers tend to be highly uneven. (wikipedia.org)
  • Leaf expansion is a process by which plants make efficient use of the space around them by causing their leaves to enlarge, or wither. (wikipedia.org)
  • The stimulus triggers biochemical events downstream that result in the expansion of tissue in the leaf. (wikipedia.org)
  • The increase in turgor pressure causes the cells to expand, enabling the chloroplasts to shift to a different area, and the collective expansion of all the cells at once causes the leaf itself to become larger and more rigid. (wikipedia.org)
  • The plants leaves turn light green and then fade to yellow. (gardenguides.com)
  • Can succeed in light shade[K]. Plants are hardier when grown on poor sandy soils[200]. (pfaf.org)
  • Place your leaf cuttings in bright, indirect light in a warm, well ventilated area. (nybg.org)
  • This distribution points to a significant role of oxalate and silica minerals to synergistically optimize the light regime in the leaf. (lu.se)
  • Red light hits leaves and depolarizes the plasma membrane of plant cells via photosensitive calcium and chloride ion channels. (wikipedia.org)
  • Those that grow slowly tend to prioritize having much smaller leaf areas in order to conserve energy, and will only expend them when an excess of light is close by. (wikipedia.org)
  • As a contrast, the fast-growing plants have large leaves as a result of constantly being bathed in light. (wikipedia.org)
  • The report, Homeland Unsecured: The Bush Administration's Hostility to Regulation and Ties to Industry Leave America Vulnerable , details how the Bush administration has failed to harden our defenses against terrorism and secure the most vulnerable, high-impact targets. (citizen.org)
  • Security concerns centre on access to IT systems, with analysts warning the UK would be left vulnerable if relations continue sour to China over the coming years. (express.co.uk)
  • Each tree can be identified by unique leaf structures that utilize the warm, humid climate. (gardenguides.com)
  • Propagating plants can be as painless and satisfying as popping corn, pressing "brew" on the coffee machine, or simply eating lunch outside under a shady tree to avoid Harold. (nybg.org)
  • The sixth annual International Tree Planting took place at the International Grove on Thursday, May 19. (elon.edu)
  • President Connie Ledoux Book was appreciative of both the history of the moment and the international students themselves, as she spoke during the tree planting ceremony. (elon.edu)
  • And I think planting your tree here is symbolic of that," Book said. (elon.edu)
  • He said the tree planting lived up to his expectations and will be a core memory from his time at Elon. (elon.edu)
  • I think planting a tree is really nice. (elon.edu)
  • Basile Herve '22, also from France and majoring in international business, said his parents couldn't make it to the tree planting due to a delayed flight but he was thankful for the family of his classmates who he was able to share the moment with. (elon.edu)
  • Anubias Barteri lost leaves - will they regrow? (fishlore.com)
  • Anubias Barteri - What do I do with this plant? (fishlore.com)
  • A very ornamental plant[1], there are some named varieties[182]. (pfaf.org)
  • Calcium oxalate and silica minerals are common components of a variety of plant leaves. (lu.se)
  • Here tools are used from the fields of biology, optics, and imaging to investigate the distributions of calcium oxalate, silica minerals, and chloroplasts in okra leaves, in relation to their functions. (lu.se)
  • Chloride leaves the cells, while calcium enters. (wikipedia.org)
  • Now it seems that the leaves are turning yellow. (garden.org)
  • Plant leaves that are all turning yellow need iron, available in garden centers as Ironite, not more water. (thriftyfun.com)
  • Three months later (winter) its leaves started turning yellow and then drying out. (thriftyfun.com)
  • It looks like a plant I received last July, a Corn plant and on mine to the leaves were turning yellow. (thriftyfun.com)
  • Leaves in Our Vegetable Garden are Turning Yellow? (thriftyfun.com)
  • Leaves in Garden Bed Turning Greenish Yellow? (thriftyfun.com)
  • The stunt nematode (Tylenchorhynchus claytoni) turns the leaves of the azalea yellow. (gardenguides.com)
  • When the original leaf begins to yellow and shrivel, you can carefully transplant each new rosette into its own little pot. (nybg.org)
  • The masked anthocyanins and cartenoids are now visible, revealing the leaves' hidden coats of scarlet, crimson, ochre, and golden yellow. (lovetoknow.com)
  • I planted over 2 dozen red & yellow canna lily plants this spring and have no flowers to show, just lots and lots of big beautiful leaves. (thegardenhelper.com)
  • The Garden Helper is a free gardening encyclopedia and guides to growing and caring for gardens, plants and flowers. (thegardenhelper.com)
  • Gardening leave is common in the City - but James Folger took it very literally when leaving Rothschild . (yahoo.com)
  • Instead of starting at his new job, Folger spent his three months gardening leaving deciding to set up his own, er, gardening, business . (yahoo.com)
  • I also love that the design is interactive - you can learn about the seeds and plant them instead of discarding the packaging! (yankodesign.com)
  • Two months ago, the group established a 24-hour community assembly to stop work on the pilot project and has been educating the public about the destructive nature of the plant. (greenleft.org.au)
  • It is in leaf all year, in flower from September to October. (pfaf.org)
  • Depending upon the plant, the leaves may contain varying amounts of two other chemical pigments: carotenoids and anthocyanins. (lovetoknow.com)
  • About 200 people work at Loy Yang B, Victoria's newest brown coal-fired plant which provides about 17 per cent of the state's energy needs. (abc.net.au)
  • This sustainable packaging design is made from discarded pineapple leaves that grow into a new plant! (yankodesign.com)
  • As the nighttime temperatures grow cooler, this also signals the plants to stop or slow production of food. (lovetoknow.com)
  • Different types of plants tend to grow at different rates. (wikipedia.org)
  • The good news is that propagating and sharing your echeverias is a great way to make someone's day and assuage the guilt of having spent far too much money on internet plant auctions. (nybg.org)
  • The first civilians evacuated from the bombed-out steel plant that has become the last stronghold of Ukrainian fighters in Mariupol slowly made their way toward safety Monday, as others who managed to escape the city described terrifying weeks of bombardment and deprivation. (nbcnewyork.com)
  • Thoroughly wash all produce (fruits and vegetables) prior to eating, and be sure to wash your hands after handling plants that have been treated with the product. (cdc.gov)
  • This plant is not considered toxic. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Exposures to plants containing oxalate crystals, such as Philodendron and Dieffenbachia , are among the most common toxic plant exposures reported in the United States. (medscape.com)
  • Spraying the foliage of the azalea with iron chelate will help the plant recover its overall green appearance within one week of application. (gardenguides.com)