Physicochemical Phenomena
Raynaud Disease
Isolation of SMTP-3, 4, 5 and -6, novel analogs of staplabin, and their effects on plasminogen activation and fibrinolysis. (1/2765)
Four novel triprenyl phenol metabolites, designated SMTP-3, -4, -5, and -6, have been isolated from cultures of Stachybotrys microspora IFO 30018 by solvent extraction and successive chromatographic fractionation using silica gel and silica ODS columns. A combination of spectroscopic analyses showed that SMTP-3, -4, -5, and -6 are staplabin analogs, containing a serine, a phenylalanine, a leucine or a tryptophan moiety in respective molecules in place of the N-carboxybutyl portion of the staplabin molecule. SMTP-4, -5, and -6 were active at 0.15 to 0.3 mM in enhancing urokinase-catalyzed plasminogen activation and plasminogen binding to fibrin, as well as plasminogen- and urokinase-mediated fibrinolysis. On the other hand, the concentration of staplabin required to exert such effects was 0.4 to 0.6 mM, and SMTP-3 was inactive at concentrations up to 0.45 mM. (+info)Novel selective inhibitors for human topoisomerase I, BM2419-1 and -2 derived from saintopin. (2/2765)
Compounds BM2419-1 and -2 were isolated from a culture broth of a fungus Paecilomyces sp. BM2419. It was shown that these novel compounds were artifacts derived from saintopin, a dual inhibitor of topoisomerase I and II by independent processes. In the human topoisomerase I inhibition assay using the recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae, BM2419-1 and -2 inhibited selectively the yeast growth dependent on human topoisomerase I induction with IC50 values of 0.3 ng/ml and 6.0 ng/ml, respectively. (+info)Apicularens A and B, new cytostatic macrolides from Chondromyces species (myxobacteria): production, physico-chemical and biological properties. (3/2765)
A novel macrolide, apicularen A, was produced by several species of the genus Chondromyces. Initially it was discovered by bioassay-guided RP-HPLC-fractionation of culture extracts of Chondromyces robustus, strain Cm a13. Apicularen A showed no antimicrobial activity, but was highly cytotoxic for cultivated human and animal cells, with IC50 values ranging between 0.1 and 3 ng/ml. A cometabolite of apicularen A, the N-acetylglucosamine glycoside apicularen B, was distinctly less cytotoxic with IC50 values between 0.2 and 1.2 microg/ml, and showed weak activity against a few Gram-positive bacteria. Apicularen A is chemically closely related to the salicylihalamides A and B from the marine sponge Haliclona sp. (+info)BE-31405, a new antifungal antibiotic produced by Penicillium minioluteum. I. Description of producing organism, fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical and biological properties. (4/2765)
A new antifungal antibiotic, BE-31405, was isolated from the culture broth of a fungal strain, Penicillium minioluteum F31405. BE-31405 was isolated by adsorption on high porous polymer resin (Diaion HP-20), followed by solvent extraction, precipitation and crystallization. BE-31405 showed potent growth inhibitory activity against pathogenic fungal strains such as Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Cryptococcus neoformans, but did not show cytotoxic activity against mammalian cells such as P388 mouse leukemia. The mechanism studies indicated that BE-31405 inhibited the protein synthesis of C. albicans but not of mammalian cells. (+info)Diperamycin, a new antimicrobial antibiotic produced by Streptomyces griseoaurantiacus MK393-AF2. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activities. (5/2765)
Antibacterial antibiotics, diperamycin (1) was produced in the culture broth of Streptomyces griseoaurantiacus MK393-AF2. Various spectroscopic analyses of 1 suggested that 1 belonged to a member of cyclic hexadepsipeptide antibiotic. Antibiotic 1 had potent inhibitory activity against various Gram-positive bacteria including Enterococcus seriolicida and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. (+info)Structure of actinotetraose hexatiglate, a unique glucotetraose from an actinomycete bacterium. (6/2765)
An Actinomycete strain A499 belonging to the genera Amycolatopsis or Amycolata isolated from a Western Australian soil sample produced the cyclic decapeptide antibiotic quinaldopeptin (1), together with the actinotetraose hexatiglate (2), the hexa-ester of a novel non-reducing glucotetraose. (+info)Relationships between the lipophilicity of some 1,4-piperazine derivatives of aryloxyaminopropanols and their beta-andrenolytic activity. (7/2765)
Nineteen 1,4-piperazine derivatives of aryloxyaminopropanol were evaluated with respect to beta-adrenolytic activity. The retention factors obtained from HPLC, RM values obtained from partition TLC and the lipophilic Hansch's (4) constants pi were determined and the compounds were studied with respect to their lipophilicity based on chromatographic properties. The study of the influence of different substituents introduced at the para position on the phenyl ring on the retention factor indicated the log k vs. the number of carbon atoms in R1 substituent to be a linear relationship. Attempts have been made to relate the beta-adrenolytic activity to the lipohydrophilic parameters by deriving a quantitative relationship between them. Significant parabolic correlation was observed between the beta-adrenolytic activity and the logarithm of the retention factor, log k. An analogous relationship was obtained between the beta-adrenolytic activity of the compounds and the RM values obtained from partition TLC as well as Hansch's lipophilic constants pi. (+info)Determination of the lipophilicity of active anticonvulsant N-substituted amides of alpha-arylalkylamine-gamma-hydroxybutyric acid. (8/2765)
The lipophilicities of fourteen anticonvulsant active N-substituted amides of alpha-arylalkylamine-gamma-hydroxybutyric acid [I-XIV] have been determined by reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography with a mixture of methanol, TRIS buffer, and acetic acid as the solvent system. The RM value of each compound decreased linearly with increasing concentration of methanol. The partition coefficients (log P) of the amides were calculated by use of the Prolog P module of the Pallas system. Comparison of RM and log P enabled clog P values to be calculated. It was found that the anticonvulsant activity of amides [I-XIV] can be explained on the basis of their lipophilicity. (+info)Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's phenomenon, is a medical condition characterized by a temporary decrease in blood flow to the fingers, toes, and sometimes other parts of the body, such as the nose and ears. This can cause the affected area to feel cold, numb, and painful, and may turn white or blue in color. Raynaud's disease is usually triggered by cold temperatures, stress, or emotional stress, and can also be caused by certain medications or medical conditions, such as lupus, scleroderma, or thyroid disorders. In severe cases, Raynaud's disease can lead to tissue damage and even gangrene if blood flow is not restored quickly. Treatment for Raynaud's disease typically involves lifestyle changes, such as avoiding cold temperatures and stress, and medications to improve blood flow and reduce pain. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to treat underlying medical conditions that are causing the symptoms of Raynaud's disease.
The no-reflow phenomenon is a condition that occurs during a heart attack, where blood flow to a part of the heart muscle is restored after a period of ischemia (lack of blood flow), but the blood flow remains impaired or insufficient. This can lead to further damage to the heart muscle and can be a significant factor in the development of heart failure. The no-reflow phenomenon is thought to occur due to the formation of microthrombi (small blood clots) in the coronary arteries, which can obstruct blood flow even after the main blockage has been cleared. Other factors that can contribute to the no-reflow phenomenon include inflammation, edema (swelling), and the release of harmful substances from the damaged heart muscle cells. Diagnosis of the no-reflow phenomenon is typically made during a coronary angiogram, which is a procedure that uses X-rays to visualize the blood vessels in the heart. Treatment options for the no-reflow phenomenon may include medications to dissolve the microthrombi, mechanical devices to improve blood flow, or surgery to open the blocked coronary arteries.
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Physico-chemical3
- But the conditions of the medium are also reflected by physico-chemical phenomena. (trb.org)
- With a unique common thread, the essays in this anthology elegantly expose reductionism for what it truly is, a simplistic endeavor grounded on the scientific materialism creed which, on the topic of the mind-body problem, tries to explain all the complexity of higher-order cognitive phenomena exclusively through reference to the most basic physico-chemical interactions within its underlying biological strata. (discovery.org)
- In recent years new developments appeared as a result of advanced research on the microstructure of building materials, physico-chemical modelling of deterioration phenomena, combination of different types of constituent materials and admixtures for concrete mix design, advanced tools for life-cycle analysis, optimization of fibre reinforcement for cementitious materials, etc. (ugent.be)
Processes4
- My research activity focuses on understanding the physicochemical and electrochemical processes that control the operation of energy conversion and storage systems. (imperial.ac.uk)
- This involves developing multiphysics models at different scales which can be combined in hierarchical approaches to identify the interplay of various phenomena involved and quantifying the relevant processes, helping to distinguish key phenomena. (imperial.ac.uk)
- In addition, information is given about different calorimetric methods that can be used in studies aimed at characterizing the physicochemical properties of adsorbents, supports and solid catalysts, as well as the processes related to the adsorption-desorption phenomena of the reactants and/or products of catalytic reactions. (exlibris.ch)
- Process chemistry research focuses on identifying and monitoring the physicochemical interaction in beneficiation processes. (gtk.fi)
Chemical phenomena1
- Electrochemical and surface chemical phenomena at different stages of ore processing (such as grinding, flotation, and leaching) may have a major impact on the results of the beneficiation. (gtk.fi)
Electrochemical2
- I am a research associate in the Electrochemical Science and Engineering group , where I develop mathematical models based on key transport and electrochemical phenomena to describe the operation of electrochemical energy conversion and storage systems. (imperial.ac.uk)
- My PhD in the Electrochemical Science and Engineering group improved our capability to model flow batteries and our understanding of the key phenomena in flow systems. (imperial.ac.uk)
Characterization1
- Here we perform a comprehensive physicochemical and morphological characterization of PM0.1 and raw materials (toners and paper) at eight commercial photocopy centers that use color and monochrome photocopiers over the course of a full week. (cdc.gov)
Atomic and molecular1
- Macroscopic phenomena and their explanation through atomic and molecular properties. (ethz.ch)
Fundamental3
- Biomicrofluidics is an online currently free access journal published by the American Institute of Physics to rapidly disseminate research in elucidating fundamental physicochemical mechanisms associated with microfluidic and nanofluidic phenomena as well as novel microfluidic and nanofluidic techniques for diagnostic, medical, biological, pharmaceutical, environmental, and chemical applications. (nanowerk.com)
- The aim, based on Freud's original ideas is to identify the origin of the transference phenomenon, which, in his clinical scenario, became one of his fundamental conceptions. (bvsalud.org)
- There is consensus in the literature that the physicochemical properties of implant surfaces play a fundamental role in the success of osseointegration. (bvsalud.org)
Studies2
- The most important phenomena GTK studies include chemical adsorption, pH, hydrophobicity, and reduction-oxidation reactions occurring in mineral slurry and on the surface of minerals. (gtk.fi)
- Rediscovery of a microbiologic phenomenon, first described by van Leeuwenhoek, that microorganisms attach to and grow universally on exposed surfaces led to studies that revealed surface-associated microorganisms (biofilms) exhibited a distinct phenotype with respect to gene transcription and growth rate. (cdc.gov)
Control2
- The combination of such self-organizational phenomena with canonical intermolecular interactions is most likely to control the release of membrane proteins from the ER into the secretory pathway. (biologists.com)
- He is particularly enthusiastic about developing scientific methodologies in order to make sense, and ultimately control, the rich phenomena inherent in creating functionality in dimensions. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Process1
- Within this context, cell cultures offer unique insights into the process and phenomenon of osseointegration 1 . (bvsalud.org)
Develop1
- Some authors recommend using concomitant cytotoxic medications or corticosteroids to reduce a rebound phenomenon that may develop after plasmapheresis. (medscape.com)
Basic1
- This authoritative test introduces the basic aspects of diffusion phenomena and their methods of solution through physical examples. (doverpublications.com)
Levels1
- The journal highlights approaches that are experimental, theoretical, or computational and that address phenomena at the nano, micro, or macro levels. (nanowerk.com)
Involve quantum physicochemical components2
- Many cellular and subcellular phenomena such as photosynthesis, neurotransmission and cognition, enzyme tunneling, and mitochondrial electron transfer involve quantum physicochemical components. (nih.gov)
- Many cellular and sub-cellular phenomena such as photosynthesis, neuro-transmission and cognition, enzyme tunneling, mitochondrial electron transfer have been shown to involve quantum physicochemical components. (nih.gov)
Variety of physicochemical2
- The purpose of the present study was to generate an open-source quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) workflow to predict a variety of physicochemical properties that would have cross-platform compatibility to integrate into existing cheminformatics workflows. (nih.gov)
- The wide variety of physicochemical signals to which cells may respond may seem to imply on a wide range of signal transduction mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
Advances1
- 17. [Recent advances in the study of accelerated blood clearance phenomenon of PEGylated liposomes]. (nih.gov)
Convective2
- These studies showed that, in the presence of temperature differences and a convective phenomenon known as the Soret effect, RNA strands could locally be accumulated by several orders of magnitude in a length-dependent manner. (eurekalert.org)
- The simulated outcomes from the FEM (Finite Element Method) model were found similar to experimental findings, which indicate FEM approach may successfully be applied in predicting heat and mass transfer phenomena in the convective drying. (foodchemistryjournal.com)
Properties12
- However, physicochemical properties are also needed to model environmental fate and transport, as well as exposure potential. (nih.gov)
- Successful formulation of SNEDDS depends on the thorough understanding of the spontaneous nanoemulsification process and also on the physicochemical and biological properties of the components used for the fabrication of SNEDDS. (medscape.com)
- Physicochemical properties of the drug, such as hydrophilicity/lipophilicity, pKa and polarity. (medscape.com)
- The oil phase has great importance in the formulation of SNEDDS as physicochemical properties of oil (e.g., molecular volume, polarity and viscosity) significantly govern the spontaneity of the nanoemulsification process, droplet size of the nanoemulsion, drug solubility and biological fate of nanoemulsions and drug. (medscape.com)
- 13. Effect of the physicochemical properties of initially injected liposomes on the clearance of subsequently injected PEGylated liposomes in mice. (nih.gov)
- 15. Influence of the physicochemical properties of liposomes on the accelerated blood clearance phenomenon in rats. (nih.gov)
- Surface properties of biomaterials (e.g., roughness, chemical composition, charge, wettability, and hydroxylation degree) are key features to understand and control the complex interface phenomena that happens upon contact with physiological fluids. (frontiersin.org)
- Purity and physicochemical properties of these crystals were confirmed by ultraviolet, infrared, and NMR spectra, differential thermal analysis, and X-ray power diffraction analysis. (go.jp)
- This work aims to produce garlic powder with the retention of physicochemical properties by using different methods. (japsonline.com)
- The physicochemical and microstructural properties of the garlic powder obtained were analyzed and compared. (japsonline.com)
- It was found that garlic powder spray-dried with maltodextrin has the highest retention of physicochemical properties compared to those treated with other techniques. (japsonline.com)
- These elements play a key role on physicochemical and optical properties of the obtained carbon dots, especially on fluorescence which origin is still discussed. (psl.eu)
Composition2
- To-date little is known of physicochemical composition of PM0.1 in real workplace settings. (cdc.gov)
- Their results demonstrate that, with deuterated components having a physicochemical similarity with their hydrogenated counterparts, high-resolution neutron imaging can trace composition changes in nonequilibrium phenomena, such as evaporation and condensation. (unist.ac.kr)
Process2
- Phenomenon or Process D C157225 CBDD Terminology C157353 Monomer Deletion Monomer deletion The physicochemical identity of the repeating monomer unit removed from a polymer. (nih.gov)
- Phenomenon or Process D C157225 CBDD Terminology C47936 Cross Link Crosslinking Any covalent linkage between two polymers or between two different regions of the same polymer. (nih.gov)
Temperature2
- It is complex because it involves a number of phenomena exhibiting themselves in various heterogeneous material systems, in a wide temperature range, and in different physical states. (youbookinc.com)
- Different physicochemical mechanisms of phase separation are discussed for each LPME method, including the coacervation phenomena and other driving forces, such as pH, temperature, salting-out effect, metathesis reaction and organic solvents. (ua.pt)
Models3
- The numerical approach to modelling, in contrast to empirical models, allows to more accurately show the physicochemical phenomena occurring after release in 3-d space, both in the area around the chemical equipment and the buildings along the dangerous substance cloud. (matec-conferences.org)
- For that purpose, a literature review was carried out to investigate the epistemology of Freud's ideas, his models as well as the physicochemical-energetic referents. (bvsalud.org)
- Such models and referents constituted the structure of Freud's methodological foundation in the development of the metapsychology, which, in turn, became one of the references to understand the transference phenomenon. (bvsalud.org)
Complex1
- Though commonly known as a method for production of objects from fines or powders, sintering is a very complex physicochemical phenomenon. (youbookinc.com)
Origin1
- The aim, based on Freud's original ideas is to identify the origin of the transference phenomenon, which, in his clinical scenario, became one of his fundamental conceptions. (bvsalud.org)
Physical1
- She and her team try to identify general physical rules to explain biophysical phenomena, often in close collaboration with teams in microbiology or in theoretical physics. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Mass1
- However, the use of in situ methods to characterize the distribution is still a challenge, despite the significance of understanding the ubiquitous mass transport phenomena, according to the research team. (unist.ac.kr)
Research1
- Although scientific research on coal-gas interactions has been conducted for more than a century, the physicochemical and hydro-thermodynamic phenomena are still not fully understood. (cdc.gov)