Physical stimulation. Medical search

Act of eliciting a response from a person or organism through physical contact.

Use of electric potential or currents to elicit biological responses.

Application of electric current in treatment without the generation of perceptible heat. It includes electric stimulation of nerves or muscles, passage of current into the body, or use of interrupted current of low intensity to raise the threshold of the skin to pain.

The ability to carry out daily tasks and perform physical activities in a highly functional state, often as a result of physical conditioning.

The increase in a measurable parameter of a PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS, including cellular, microbial, and plant; immunological, cardiovascular, respiratory, reproductive, urinary, digestive, neural, musculoskeletal, ocular, and skin physiological processes; or METABOLIC PROCESS, including enzymatic and other pharmacological processes, by a drug or other chemical.

Therapy for MOVEMENT DISORDERS, especially PARKINSON DISEASE, that applies electricity via stereotactic implantation of ELECTRODES in specific areas of the BRAIN such as the THALAMUS. The electrodes are attached to a neurostimulator placed subcutaneously.

The physical activity of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon.

A technique that involves the use of electrical coils on the head to generate a brief magnetic field which reaches the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is coupled with ELECTROMYOGRAPHY response detection to assess cortical excitability by the threshold required to induce MOTOR EVOKED POTENTIALS. This method is also used for BRAIN MAPPING, to study NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, and as a substitute for ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY for treating DEPRESSION. Induction of SEIZURES limits its clinical usage.

Therapeutic modalities frequently used in PHYSICAL THERAPY SPECIALTY by PHYSICAL THERAPISTS or physiotherapists to promote, maintain, or restore the physical and physiological well-being of an individual.

Physical activity which is usually regular and done with the intention of improving or maintaining PHYSICAL FITNESS or HEALTH. Contrast with PHYSICAL EXERTION which is concerned largely with the physiologic and metabolic response to energy expenditure.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Expenditure of energy during PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. Intensity of exertion may be measured by rate of OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; HEAT produced, or HEART RATE. Perceived exertion, a psychological measure of exertion, is included.

Instructional programs in the care and development of the body, often in schools. The concept does not include prescribed exercises, which is EXERCISE THERAPY.

Systematic and thorough inspection of the patient for physical signs of disease or abnormality.

The auxiliary health profession which makes use of PHYSICAL THERAPY MODALITIES to prevent, correct, and alleviate movement dysfunction of anatomic or physiological origin.

The use of specifically placed small electrodes to deliver electrical impulses across the SKIN to relieve PAIN. It is used less frequently to produce ANESTHESIA.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.

Investigative technique commonly used during ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY in which a series of bright light flashes or visual patterns are used to elicit brain activity.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.

Surgically placed electric conductors through which ELECTRIC STIMULATION is delivered to or electrical activity is recorded from a specific point inside the body.

Abrupt changes in the membrane potential that sweep along the CELL MEMBRANE of excitable cells in response to excitation stimuli.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.

The 10th cranial nerve. The vagus is a mixed nerve which contains somatic afferents (from skin in back of the ear and the external auditory meatus), visceral afferents (from the pharynx, larynx, thorax, and abdomen), parasympathetic efferents (to the thorax and abdomen), and efferents to striated muscle (of the larynx and pharynx).

Use of sound to elicit a response in the nervous system.

Mapping of the linear order of genes on a chromosome with units indicating their distances by using methods other than genetic recombination. These methods include nucleotide sequencing, overlapping deletions in polytene chromosomes, and electron micrography of heteroduplex DNA. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 5th ed)

Electrical responses recorded from nerve, muscle, SENSORY RECEPTOR, or area of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM following stimulation. They range from less than a microvolt to several microvolts. The evoked potential can be auditory (EVOKED POTENTIALS, AUDITORY), somatosensory (EVOKED POTENTIALS, SOMATOSENSORY), visual (EVOKED POTENTIALS, VISUAL), or motor (EVOKED POTENTIALS, MOTOR), or other modalities that have been reported.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Usual level of physical activity that is less than 30 minutes of moderate-intensity activity on most days of the week.

A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.

Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.

The electrical response evoked in a muscle or motor nerve by electrical or magnetic stimulation. Common methods of stimulation are by transcranial electrical and TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION. It is often used for monitoring during neurosurgery.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

Recording of the changes in electric potential of muscle by means of surface or needle electrodes.

Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.

A generic concept reflecting concern with the modification and enhancement of life attributes, e.g., physical, political, moral and social environment; the overall condition of a human life.

An adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to both the 3'- and 5'-positions of the sugar moiety. It is a second messenger and a key intracellular regulator, functioning as a mediator of activity for a number of hormones, including epinephrine, glucagon, and ACTH.

An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.

An activity in which the body advances at a slow to moderate pace by moving the feet in a coordinated fashion. This includes recreational walking, walking for fitness, and competitive race-walking.

An alkaloid, originally from Atropa belladonna, but found in other plants, mainly SOLANACEAE. Hyoscyamine is the 3(S)-endo isomer of atropine.

The study of the generation and behavior of electrical charges in living organisms particularly the nervous system and the effects of electricity on living organisms.

The communication from a NEURON to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a SYNAPSE. In chemical synaptic transmission, the presynaptic neuron releases a NEUROTRANSMITTER that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific synaptic receptors, activating them. The activated receptors modulate specific ion channels and/or second-messenger systems in the postsynaptic cell. In electrical synaptic transmission, electrical signals are communicated as an ionic current flow across ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES.

The level of health of the individual, group, or population as subjectively assessed by the individual or by more objective measures.

Area of the FRONTAL LOBE concerned with primary motor control located in the dorsal PRECENTRAL GYRUS immediately anterior to the central sulcus. It is comprised of three areas: the primary motor cortex located on the anterior paracentral lobule on the medial surface of the brain; the premotor cortex located anterior to the primary motor cortex; and the supplementary motor area located on the midline surface of the hemisphere anterior to the primary motor cortex.

The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers originate in neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord and project to the paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia, which in turn project to target organs. The sympathetic nervous system mediates the body's response to stressful situations, i.e., the fight or flight reactions. It often acts reciprocally to the parasympathetic system.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Nerve structures through which impulses are conducted from a peripheral part toward a nerve center.

The performance of the basic activities of self care, such as dressing, ambulation, or eating.

Lens-shaped structure on the inner aspect of the INTERNAL CAPSULE. The SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS and pathways traversing this region are concerned with the integration of somatic motor function.

Persons trained in PHYSICAL THERAPY SPECIALTY to make use of PHYSICAL THERAPY MODALITIES to prevent, correct, and alleviate movement dysfunction.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

A regimen or plan of physical activities designed and prescribed for specific therapeutic goals. Its purpose is to restore normal musculoskeletal function or to reduce pain caused by diseases or injuries.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

Behaviors expressed by individuals to protect, maintain or promote their health status. For example, proper diet, and appropriate exercise are activities perceived to influence health status. Life style is closely associated with health behavior and factors influencing life style are socioeconomic, educational, and cultural.

A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.

An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.

The time span between the beginning of physical activity by an individual and the termination because of exhaustion.

The function of opposing or restraining the excitation of neurons or their target excitable cells.

Stimulation of the brain, which is self-administered. The stimulation may result in negative or positive reinforcement.

Electric conductors through which electric currents enter or leave a medium, whether it be an electrolytic solution, solid, molten mass, gas, or vacuum.

Typical way of life or manner of living characteristic of an individual or group. (From APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed)

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Activity engaged in for pleasure.

Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.

Neurons which conduct NERVE IMPULSES to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

A medical specialty concerned with the use of physical agents, mechanical apparatus, and manipulation in rehabilitating physically diseased or injured patients.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

A cylindrical column of tissue that lies within the vertebral canal. It is composed of WHITE MATTER and GRAY MATTER.

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

An serine-threonine protein kinase that requires the presence of physiological concentrations of CALCIUM and membrane PHOSPHOLIPIDS. The additional presence of DIACYLGLYCEROLS markedly increases its sensitivity to both calcium and phospholipids. The sensitivity of the enzyme can also be increased by PHORBOL ESTERS and it is believed that protein kinase C is the receptor protein of tumor-promoting phorbol esters.

Neurons which activate MUSCLE CELLS.

The time from the onset of a stimulus until a response is observed.

The electric response evoked in the CEREBRAL CORTEX by stimulation along AFFERENT PATHWAYS from PERIPHERAL NERVES to CEREBRUM.

Activities or games, usually involving physical effort or skill. Reasons for engagement in sports include pleasure, competition, and/or financial reward.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Drugs that selectively bind to and activate beta-adrenergic receptors.

Qualitative and quantitative measurement of MOVEMENT patterns.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting the voltage measured outside the membrane from the voltage measured inside the membrane. They result from differences of inside versus outside concentration of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other ions across cells' or ORGANELLES membranes. For excitable cells, the resting membrane potentials range between -30 and -100 millivolts. Physical, chemical, or electrical stimuli can make a membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), or less negative (depolarization).

The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Scales, questionnaires, tests, and other methods used to assess pain severity and duration in patients or experimental animals to aid in diagnosis, therapy, and physiological studies.

The structuring of the environment to permit or promote specific patterns of behavior.

Application of electric current to the spine for treatment of a variety of conditions involving innervation from the spinal cord.

A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).

A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).

A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.

Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.

An indicator of body density as determined by the relationship of BODY WEIGHT to BODY HEIGHT. BMI=weight (kg)/height squared (m2). BMI correlates with body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE). Their relationship varies with age and gender. For adults, BMI falls into these categories: below 18.5 (underweight); 18.5-24.9 (normal); 25.0-29.9 (overweight); 30.0 and above (obese). (National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

The craniosacral division of the autonomic nervous system. The cell bodies of the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers are in brain stem nuclei and in the sacral spinal cord. They synapse in cranial autonomic ganglia or in terminal ganglia near target organs. The parasympathetic nervous system generally acts to conserve resources and restore homeostasis, often with effects reciprocal to the sympathetic nervous system.

Behavioral manifestations of cerebral dominance in which there is preferential use and superior functioning of either the left or the right side, as in the preferred use of the right hand or right foot.

The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.

A neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system.

Specialized junctions at which a neuron communicates with a target cell. At classical synapses, a neuron's presynaptic terminal releases a chemical transmitter stored in synaptic vesicles which diffuses across a narrow synaptic cleft and activates receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of the target cell. The target may be a dendrite, cell body, or axon of another neuron, or a specialized region of a muscle or secretory cell. Neurons may also communicate via direct electrical coupling with ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES. Several other non-synaptic chemical or electric signal transmitting processes occur via extracellular mediated interactions.

Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

One of two major pharmacologically defined classes of adrenergic receptors. The beta adrenergic receptors play an important role in regulating CARDIAC MUSCLE contraction, SMOOTH MUSCLE relaxation, and GLYCOGENOLYSIS.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

The capacity of the NERVOUS SYSTEM to change its reactivity as the result of successive activations.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.

Neural tracts connecting one part of the nervous system with another.

Unstriated and unstriped muscle, one of the muscles of the internal organs, blood vessels, hair follicles, etc. Contractile elements are elongated, usually spindle-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei. Smooth muscle fibers are bound together into sheets or bundles by reticular fibers and frequently elastic nets are also abundant. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Techniques for the artifical induction of ovulation, the rupture of the follicle and release of the ovum.

Area of the parietal lobe concerned with receiving sensations such as movement, pain, pressure, position, temperature, touch, and vibration. It lies posterior to the central sulcus.

Diet modification and physical exercise to improve the ability of animals to perform physical activities.

The chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of various forms of energy in cells.

The propagation of the NERVE IMPULSE along the nerve away from the site of an excitation stimulus.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

The thin layer of GRAY MATTER on the surface of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES that develops from the TELENCEPHALON and folds into gyri and sulchi. It reaches its highest development in humans and is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions.

Sensation of making physical contact with objects, animate or inanimate. Tactile stimuli are detected by MECHANORECEPTORS in the skin and mucous membranes.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

The major nerves supplying sympathetic innervation to the abdomen. The greater, lesser, and lowest (or smallest) splanchnic nerves are formed by preganglionic fibers from the spinal cord which pass through the paravertebral ganglia and then to the celiac ganglia and plexuses. The lumbar splanchnic nerves carry fibers which pass through the lumbar paravertebral ganglia to the mesenteric and hypogastric ganglia.

A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.

A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.

Electrodes with an extremely small tip, used in a voltage clamp or other apparatus to stimulate or record bioelectric potentials of single cells intracellularly or extracellularly. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

Studies in which variables relating to an individual or group of individuals are assessed over a period of time.

The act, process, or result of passing from one place or position to another. It differs from LOCOMOTION in that locomotion is restricted to the passing of the whole body from one place to another, while movement encompasses both locomotion but also a change of the position of the whole body or any of its parts. Movement may be used with reference to humans, vertebrate and invertebrate animals, and microorganisms. Differentiate also from MOTOR ACTIVITY, movement associated with behavior.

Determination of the degree of a physical, mental, or emotional handicap. The diagnosis is applied to legal qualification for benefits and income under disability insurance and to eligibility for Social Security and workmen's compensation benefits.

Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

An enzyme of the lyase class that catalyzes the formation of CYCLIC AMP and pyrophosphate from ATP. EC 4.6.1.1.

Neurons which send impulses peripherally to activate muscles or secretory cells.

The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.

A condition characterized by abnormal posturing of the limbs that is associated with injury to the brainstem. This may occur as a clinical manifestation or induced experimentally in animals. The extensor reflexes are exaggerated leading to rigid extension of the limbs accompanied by hyperreflexia and opisthotonus. This condition is usually caused by lesions which occur in the region of the brainstem that lies between the red nuclei and the vestibular nuclei. In contrast, decorticate rigidity is characterized by flexion of the elbows and wrists with extension of the legs and feet. The causative lesion for this condition is located above the red nuclei and usually consists of diffuse cerebral damage. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p358)

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

The amount of force generated by MUSCLE CONTRACTION. Muscle strength can be measured during isometric, isotonic, or isokinetic contraction, either manually or using a device such as a MUSCLE STRENGTH DYNAMOMETER.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

The active sympathomimetic hormone from the ADRENAL MEDULLA. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes systemic VASOCONSTRICTION and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the HEART, and dilates BRONCHI and cerebral vessels. It is used in ASTHMA and CARDIAC FAILURE and to delay absorption of local ANESTHETICS.

The motor nerve of the diaphragm. The phrenic nerve fibers originate in the cervical spinal column (mostly C4) and travel through the cervical plexus to the diaphragm.

An antihypertensive agent that acts by inhibiting selectively transmission in post-ganglionic adrenergic nerves. It is believed to act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine at nerve endings and causes depletion of norepinephrine in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals as well as in tissues.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland.

A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).

An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.

Imaging techniques used to colocalize sites of brain functions or physiological activity with brain structures.

Nerve structures through which impulses are conducted from a nerve center toward a peripheral site. Such impulses are conducted via efferent neurons (NEURONS, EFFERENT), such as MOTOR NEURONS, autonomic neurons, and hypophyseal neurons.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

A group of enzymes that are dependent on CYCLIC AMP and catalyze the phosphorylation of SERINE or THREONINE residues on proteins. Included under this category are two cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase subtypes, each of which is defined by its subunit composition.

Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.

The measurement and recording of MOTOR ACTIVITY to assess rest/activity cycles.

The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.

Either of two extremities of four-footed non-primate land animals. It usually consists of a FEMUR; TIBIA; and FIBULA; tarsals; METATARSALS; and TOES. (From Storer et al., General Zoology, 6th ed, p73)

Social and economic factors that characterize the individual or group within the social structure.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Drugs that selectively bind to and activate alpha adrenergic receptors.

Protein kinases that catalyze the PHOSPHORYLATION of TYROSINE residues in proteins with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors.

A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.

A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

The state wherein the person is well adjusted.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.

The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.

Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

A curved elevation of GRAY MATTER extending the entire length of the floor of the TEMPORAL HORN of the LATERAL VENTRICLE (see also TEMPORAL LOBE). The hippocampus proper, subiculum, and DENTATE GYRUS constitute the hippocampal formation. Sometimes authors include the ENTORHINAL CORTEX in the hippocampal formation.

Signal transduction mechanisms whereby calcium mobilization (from outside the cell or from intracellular storage pools) to the cytoplasm is triggered by external stimuli. Calcium signals are often seen to propagate as waves, oscillations, spikes, sparks, or puffs. The calcium acts as an intracellular messenger by activating calcium-responsive proteins.

An electrophysiologic technique for studying cells, cell membranes, and occasionally isolated organelles. All patch-clamp methods rely on a very high-resistance seal between a micropipette and a membrane; the seal is usually attained by gentle suction. The four most common variants include on-cell patch, inside-out patch, outside-out patch, and whole-cell clamp. Patch-clamp methods are commonly used to voltage clamp, that is control the voltage across the membrane and measure current flow, but current-clamp methods, in which the current is controlled and the voltage is measured, are also used.

The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

A superfamily of PROTEIN-SERINE-THREONINE KINASES that are activated by diverse stimuli via protein kinase cascades. They are the final components of the cascades, activated by phosphorylation by MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASES, which in turn are activated by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAP KINASE KINASE KINASES).

The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)

A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.

Depolarization of membrane potentials at the SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES of target neurons during neurotransmission. Excitatory postsynaptic potentials can singly or in summation reach the trigger threshold for ACTION POTENTIALS.

A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.

Cells specialized to transduce mechanical stimuli and relay that information centrally in the nervous system. Mechanoreceptor cells include the INNER EAR hair cells, which mediate hearing and balance, and the various somatosensory receptors, often with non-neural accessory structures.

Regulatory proteins that act as molecular switches. They control a wide range of biological processes including: receptor signaling, intracellular signal transduction pathways, and protein synthesis. Their activity is regulated by factors that control their ability to bind to and hydrolyze GTP to GDP. EC 3.6.1.-.

A partial or complete return to the normal or proper physiologic activity of an organ or part following disease or trauma.

The study of MAGNETIC PHENOMENA.

Educational institutions.

Slender processes of NEURONS, including the AXONS and their glial envelopes (MYELIN SHEATH). Nerve fibers conduct nerve impulses to and from the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Neural changes after operant conditioning of the aerial respiratory behavior in Lymnaea stagnalis. (1/3436)

In this study, we demonstrate neural changes that occurred during operant conditioning of the aerial respiratory behavior of Lymnaea stagnalis. Aerial respiration in Lymnaea occurs at the water interface and is achieved by opening and closing movements of its respiratory orifice, the pneumostome. This behavior is controlled by a central pattern generator (CPG), the neurons of which, as well as the motoneurons innervating the pneumostome, have previously been identified and their synaptic connections well characterized. The respiratory behavior was operantly conditioned by applying a mechanical stimulus to the open pneumostome whenever the animal attempted to breathe. This negative reinforcement to the open pneumostome resulted in its immediate closure and a significant reduction in the overall respiratory activity. Electrophysiological recordings from the isolated CNSs after operant conditioning showed that the spontaneous patterned respiratory activity of the CPG neurons was significantly reduced. This included reduced spontaneous activity of the CPG interneuron involved in pneumostome opening (input 3 interneuron) and a reduced frequency of spontaneous tonic activity of the CPG interneuron [right pedal dorsal 1 (RPeD1)]. The ability to trigger the patterned respiratory activity by electrical stimulation of RPeD1 was also significantly reduced after operant conditioning. This study therefore demonstrates significant changes within a CPG that are associated with changes in a rhythmic homeostatic behavior after operant conditioning. (+info)

Response of hippocampal synapses to natural stimulation patterns. (2/3436)

We have studied the synaptic responses in hippocampal slices to stimulus patterns derived from in vivo recordings of place cell firing in a behaving rodent. We find that synaptic strength is strongly modulated during the presentation of these natural stimulus trains, varying 2-fold or more because of short-term plasticity. This modulation of synaptic strength is precise and deterministic, because the pattern of synaptic response amplitudes is nearly identical from one presentation of the train to the next. The mechanism of synaptic modulation is primarily a change in release probability rather than a change in the size of the elementary postsynaptic response. In addition, natural stimulus trains are effective in inducing long-term potentiation (LTP). We conclude that short-term synaptic plasticity--facilitation, augmentation, and depression--plays a prominent role in normal synaptic function. (+info)

Mechanical stimulation of starfish sperm flagella. (3/3436)

1. The responses of starfish sperm flagella to mechanical stimulation with a microneedle were analysed. Flagellar movement was recorded by high-speed microcinematography and by stroboscopic observation. 2. The amplitude of the bending wave of a flagellum was restricted over its entire length when the microneedle was brought near to the flagellum at its proximal region. Beyond the restricted part, the amplitude of the wave, and the bend angle, became smaller than those of a normally beating flagellum, while the curvature was practically unchanged. 3. When the tip of the microneedle was in contact with the flagellum, propagation of the bending wave beyond the microneedle was inhibited. The part of the flagellum between the base and the microneedle continued beating in some cases and stopped beating in other cases. The flagellum beyond the arrested part stopped beating and remained straight. When the microneedle was removed, the bending wave which existed in the part of the flagellum proximal to the microneedle, or the wave which was passively formed de novo at the time of the removal of the microneedle, propagated over the arrested part towards the tip. 4. A flagellum amputated by a microneedle in a medium containing ATP continued beating with a small amplitude, small curvature, small bend angle and low frequency. When the amputated flagellum was passively bent by a microneedle at the region near the point of amputation, this bend propagated towards the tip with a constant bend angle. 5. The beating frequency of the flagellum could be modulated by the application of a rhythmic external force generated by vibrating a microneedle near the flagellum. The beating was completely synchronized with vibration of the microneedle in the frequency range from 23 Hz to 43 Hz. (+info)

Electrophysiological evidence for tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channels in slowly conducting dural sensory fibers. (4/3436)

A tetrodotoxin (TTX)-resistant sodium channel was recently identified that is expressed only in small diameter neurons of peripheral sensory ganglia. The peripheral axons of sensory neurons appear to lack this channel, but its presence has not been investigated in peripheral nerve endings, the site of sensory transduction in vivo. We investigated the effect of TTX on mechanoresponsiveness in nerve endings of sensory neurons that innervate the intracranial dura. Because the degree of TTX resistance of axonal branches could potentially be affected by factors other than channel subtype, the neurons were also tested for sensitivity to lidocaine, which blocks both TTX-sensitive and TTX-resistant sodium channels. Single-unit activity was recorded from dural afferent neurons in the trigeminal ganglion of urethan-anesthetized rats. Response thresholds to mechanical stimulation of the dura were determined with von Frey monofilaments while exposing the dura to progressively increasing concentrations of TTX or lidocaine. Neurons with slowly conducting axons were relatively resistant to TTX. Application of 1 microM TTX produced complete suppression of mechanoresponsiveness in all (11/11) fast A-delta units [conduction velocity (c.v.) 5-18 m/s] but only 50% (5/10) of slow A-delta units (1.5 +info)

Cardiovascular and neuronal responses to head stimulation reflect central sensitization and cutaneous allodynia in a rat model of migraine. (5/3436)

Reduction of the threshold of cardiovascular and neuronal responses to facial and intracranial stimulation reflects central sensitization and cutaneous allodynia in a rat model of migraine. Current theories propose that migraine pain is caused by chemical activation of meningeal perivascular fibers. We previously found that chemical irritation of the dura causes trigeminovascular fibers innervating the dura and central trigeminal neurons receiving convergent input from the dura and skin to respond to low-intensity mechanical and thermal stimuli that previously induced minimal or no responses. One conclusion of these studies was that when low- and high-intensity stimuli induce responses of similar magnitude in nociceptive neurons, low-intensity stimuli must be as painful as the high-intensity stimuli. The present study investigates in anesthetized rats the significance of the changes in the responses of central trigeminal neurons (i.e., in nucleus caudalis) by correlating them with the occurrence and type of the simultaneously recorded cardiovascular responses. Before chemical stimulation of the dura, simultaneous increases in neuronal firing rates and blood pressure were induced by dural indentation with forces >/= 2.35 g and by noxious cutaneous stimuli such as pinching the skin and warming > 46 degrees C. After chemical stimulation, similar neuronal responses and blood pressure increases were evoked by much smaller forces for dural indentation and by innocuous cutaneous stimuli such as brushing the skin and warming it to >/= 43 degrees C. The onsets of neuronal responses preceded the onsets of depressor responses by 1.7 s and pressor responses by 4.0 s. The duration of neuronal responses was 15 s, whereas the duration of depressor responses was shorter (5.8 s) and pressor responses longer (22.7 s) than the neuronal responses. We conclude that the facilitated cardiovascular and central trigeminal neuronal responses to innocuous stimulation of the skin indicate that when dural stimulation induces central sensitization, innocuous stimuli are as nociceptive as noxious stimuli had been before dural stimulation and that a similar process might occur during the development of cutaneous allodynia during migraine. (+info)

Physiological properties of raphe magnus neurons during sleep and waking. (6/3436)

Neurons in the medullary raphe magnus (RM) that are important in the descending modulation of nociceptive transmission are classified by their response to noxious tail heat as ON, OFF, or NEUTRAL cells. Experiments in anesthetized animals demonstrate that RM ON cells facilitate and OFF cells inhibit nociceptive transmission. Yet little is known of the physiology of these cells in the unanesthetized animal. The first aim of the present experiments was to determine whether cells with ON- and OFF-like responses to noxious heat exist in the unanesthetized rat. Second, to determine if RM cells have state-dependent discharge, the activity of RM neurons was recorded during waking and sleeping states. Noxious heat applied during waking and slow wave sleep excited one group of cells (ON-U) in unanesthetized rats. Other cells were inhibited by noxious heat (OFF-U) applied during waking and slow wave sleep states in unanesthetized rats. NEUTRAL-U cells did not respond to noxious thermal stimulation applied during either slow wave sleep or waking. ON-U and OFF-U cells were more likely to respond to noxious heat during slow wave sleep than during waking and were least likely to respond when the animal was eating or drinking. Although RM cells rarely respond to innocuous stimulation applied during anesthesia, ON-U and OFF-U cells were excited and inhibited, respectively, by innocuous somatosensory stimulation in the unanesthetized rat. The spontaneous activity of >90% of the RM neurons recorded in the unanesthetized rat was influenced by behavioral state. OFF-U cells discharged sporadically during waking but were continuously active during slow wave sleep. By contrast, ON-U and NEUTRAL-U cells discharged in bursts during waking and either ceased to discharge entirely or discharged at a low rate during slow wave sleep. We suggest that OFF cell discharge functions to suppress pain-evoked reactions during sleep, whereas ON cell discharge facilitates pain-evoked responses during waking. (+info)

Varying the degree of single-whisker stimulation differentially affects phases of intrinsic signals in rat barrel cortex. (7/3436)

Using intrinsic signal optical imaging (ISI), we have shown previously that the point spread of evoked activity in the rat barrel cortex in response to single-whisker stimulation encompasses a surprisingly large area. Given that our typical stimulation consists of five deflections at 5 Hz, the large area of evoked activity might have resulted from repetitive stimulation. Thus in the present study, we use ISI through the thinned skull to determine whether decreasing the degree of single-whisker stimulation decreases the area of the cortical point spread. We additionally outline a protocol to quantify stimulus-related differences in the temporal characteristics of intrinsic signals at a fine spatial scale. In 10 adult rats, whisker C2 was stimulated randomly with either one or five deflections delivered in a rostral-to-caudal fashion. Each deflection consisted of a 0.5-mm displacement of the whisker as measured at the point of contact, 15 mm from the snout. The number of whisker deflections did not affect the area or peak magnitude of the cortical point spread based on the intrinsic signal activity occurring from 0.5 up to 1.5 s poststimulus onset. In contrast, the magnitude and time course of intrinsic signal activity collected after 1.5-s poststimulus onset did reflect the difference in the degree of stimulation. Thus decreasing the degree of stimulation differentially affected the early and late phases of the evoked intrinsic signal response. The implications of the present results are discussed in respect to probable differences in the signal source underlying the early versus later phases of evoked intrinsic signals. (+info)

Central autonomic activation by intracisternal TRH analogue excites gastric splanchnic afferent neurons. (8/3436)

Intracisternal (ic) injection of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) or its stable analogue RX 77368 influences gastric function via stimulation of vagal muscarinic pathways. In rats, the increase in gastric mucosal blood flow evoked by a low ic dose of RX 77368 occurs via release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from capsaicin-sensitive afferent neurons, most probably of spinal origin. In this study, the effect of low ic doses of RX 77368 on afferent impulse activity in splanchnic single fibers was investigated. The cisterna magna of overnight-fasted, urethan-anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats was acutely cannulated, and fine splanchnic nerve twigs containing at least one fiber responsive to mechanical probing of the stomach were isolated at a site immediately distal to the left suprarenal ganglion. Unit mechanoreceptive fields were encountered in all portions of the stomach, both superficially and in deeper layers. Splanchnic afferent unit impulse activity was recorded continuously during basal conditions and in response to consecutive ic injections of saline and RX 77368 (15-30 min later; 1.5 or 3 ng). Basal discharge rates ranged from 0 to 154 impulses/min (median = 10.2 impulses/min). A majority of splanchnic single units with ongoing activity increased their mean discharge rate by >/=20% after ic injection of RX 77368 at either 1.5 ng (6/10 units; median increase 63%) or 3 ng (19/24 units; median increase 175%). Five units lacking impulse activity in the 5-min before ic RX 77368 (3 ng) were also excited, with the onset of discharge occurring within 1.0-5.0 min postinjection. In units excited by ic RX 77368, peak discharge occurred 15.6 +/- 1.3 min after injection and was followed by a decline to stable activity levels +info)

Ward, AR; Shkuratova, N (2002). "Russian electrical stimulation: The early experiments". Physical Therapy. 82 (10): 1019-30. ... Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS), also known as neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) or electromyostimulation, is the ... Electrical muscle stimulation can be used as a training, therapeutic, or cosmetic tool. In medicine, EMS is used for ... It was discovered that the body functions induced by electrical stimulation caused long-term changes in the muscles. In the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_muscle_stimulation

The LESS treatment is a less intrusive form of scoliosis treatment, and eliminates the physical and psychological problems that ... Lateral electrical surface stimulation is a neuromuscular stimulation treatment for idiopathic scoliosis. It is also known as ... in order to engage the back muscles through neuromuscular stimulation as the patient sleeps. The stimulation creates muscle ... It is a non-invasive scoliosis treatment that utilizes electrical muscle stimulation, which is also known as neurostimulation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral_electrical_surface_stimulation

Mimicking the physical discomfort of rTMS with placebo to discern its true effect is a challenging issue in research. It is ... current stimulation Transcranial direct-current stimulation Transcranial random noise stimulation Vagus nerve stimulation NICE ... Cortical stimulation mapping Cranial electrotherapy stimulation Electrical brain stimulation Electroconvulsive therapy Low ... Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive form of brain stimulation in which a changing magnetic field is used ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcranial_magnetic_stimulation

Stimulation of the peroneal nerve synchronized with the swing phase of the gait of hemiplegic patients". Archives of Physical ... The properties of the stimulation pulse trains and how many channels are used during stimulation define how complex and ... Compared to surface stimulation electrodes, implanted and percutaneous electrodes potentially have higher stimulation ... Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation". Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 80 (3): 328-331. doi:10.1016/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_electrical_stimulation

Delgado, Jose (1986). Physical Control of the Mind: Toward a Psychocivilized Society. New York: Harper and Row. ISBN 0061319147 ... Video: Deep brain stimulation to treat Parkinson's disease Video: Deep brain stimulation therapy for Parkinson's disease The ... "Deep Brain Stimulation for Movement Disorders". University of Pittsburgh. Young RF & Brechner T (1986). "Electrical stimulation ... open-loop VS closed loop stimulation, meaning a constant stimulation or an A.I. monitoring delivery system and (3) calibration ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_brain_stimulation

tDCS and Physical Training Anodal tDCS stimulation of primary and pre motor cortex during the physical training aimed to ... Hardwick, R.M (2014). "Non-invasive Brain Stimulation in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation". Curr Phys Med Rehabil Rep. 2 (4 ... Kaski, D (2014). "Combining physical training with transcranial direct current stimulation to improve gait in Parkinson's ... Intensity of Stimulation Intensity of tdcs stimulation varies from 1mA-2Ma. However higher intensities produce beneficial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcranial_direct_stimulation_in_Parkinson's_disease_gait_rehabilitation

Delgado, Jose (1986). Physical Control of the Mind: Toward a Psychocivilized Society. New York: Harper and Row. Faria, Miguel A ... Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (Deep TMS) Responsive nerve stimulation (RNS) Strong ... Cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) Deep brain stimulation (DBS) Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) ... The stimulation of the surface of the cerebral cortex by using brain stimulation was used to investigate the motor cortex in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_brain_stimulation

Although sexual arousal may arise without physical stimulation, achieving orgasm usually requires physical sexual stimulation. ... Whilst the most common forms of sexual stimulation discussed are fantasy or physical stimulation of the genitals and other ... These same areas are activated during physical sexual stimulation, highlighting how powerful visual stimulation can be as a ... The term sexual stimulation often implies stimulation of the genitals, but may also include stimulation of other areas of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_stimulation

The cortical maps in our brains don't so much relate to our senses so much as it relates to our sense of physical touch. It has ... Sensory Stimulation uses rapid stimulation of nerves in a section of skin to drive neuronal changes in the participant. The ... Alongside the manual stimulation, electric stimulation (2 to 5 Hz) was also given to four of the ten needles. The treatment ... explored the impact of frequency of stimulation on sensory stimulation techniques to induce plastic changes. The study ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensory_stimulation_therapy

... regardless of its physical effects on senses. Stimulate means to act as a stimulus to; stimulus means something that rouses the ... Simple organisms broadly react in three ways to stimulation: too little stimulation causes them to stagnate, too much to die ... Stress and unhappiness may result an unaccustomed level of stimulation.[citation needed] Ongoing, long-term stimulation can for ... providing one source of sexual stimulation). Stimulation to the external or internal senses may evoke involuntary activity or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimulation

... and physical and cognitive functioning, in people after stroke". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2020 (11): ... Sham stimulation emits a brief current but then remains off for the remainder of the stimulation time. With sham stimulation, ... There are three different types of stimulation: anodal, cathodal, and sham. The anodal stimulation is positive (V+) stimulation ... Cranial electrotherapy stimulation Transcranial alternating current stimulation Transcranial random noise stimulation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcranial_direct-current_stimulation

Physical forces in bone stimulation. G.I.O.T. 2007;33(suppl. 1):S255-S261 v t e (All articles with unsourced statements, ... specificity: the capacity of the physical agent applied to the biological target to obtain a response depending on its physical ... Physical energy can be applied for diagnostic or therapeutic aims. The principle on which clinical biophysics is based are ... Symposium of Physical Regulation of Skeletal Repair. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Rosemont, Illinois; 2005. p. 37- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_biophysics

Contrapolar stimulation 'Hurts so good' - A type of physical stimulation that incorporates feeling of both pleasure and pain ... A type of physical stimulation that incorporates feeling of both pleasure and pain. Consensual non-consent: Play where the ... Subdrop: A physical condition, often with cold- or flu-like symptoms, experienced by a submissive after an intense session of ... This act could be either verbal or physical for example, insulting a partner, making a partner display their private parts to a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_BDSM

Most studies focus on transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCM), and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). ... Compared to the general population, people with schizophrenia have a higher suicide rate (about 5% overall) and more physical ... A 2015 Cochrane review found unclear evidence of benefit from brain stimulation techniques to treat the positive symptoms of ... Dougall N, Maayan N, Soares-Weiser K, McDermott LM, McIntosh A (20 August 2015). "Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizophrenia

... mechanical stimulation is all that is necessary. Arousal and stimulation are distinct things. Stimulation is a physical ... Sexual abuse results in severe emotional and often physical trauma. Among sexual assault victims over 18, 31.5% of females and ... Effects on Sexual Assaults on Men: Physical, Mental and Sexual Consequences. International Journal of Men's Health, Vol 6, No 1 ... Victims of rape often face serious physical, emotional, and psychological trauma as a result of their experience. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rape_of_males

Physical exercise increases the amount of blood flow through the brain while simultaneously causing the growth of brain cells ... Mental stimulation is also recommended for patients. Brain aerobic activities such as reading and puzzles are endorsed to test ... However the four pillars of Alzheimer's prevention which outlines diet, physical and mental exercise, yoga and meditation and ... Paillard, Thierry; Rolland, Yves; de Souto Barreto, Philipe (2015). "Protective Effects of Physical Exercise in Alzheimer's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_3_diabetes

Physical urticarias (requires a primary stimulation) d. Chronic autoimmune urticaria 3. Idiopathic (When mast cell ... Stimulation of histamine activates a histamine (H2)-sensitive adenylate cyclase of oxyntic cells, and there is a rapid increase ... and through microglia stimulation [47], contributing to the pathogenesis of such conditions such as headaches, [48] autism [49 ... physical injury through pattern recognition receptors for damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), microbial pathogens ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mast_cell

Different physical parameters were shown to regulate the length and time-scale of pseudopodia formation. For example, an ... PIP3 then activate GTPases back via GEF stimulation. This serves as a feedback loop to amplify and maintain the presence of ... Axopodia are mostly responsible for phagocytosis by rapidly retracting in response to physical contact. Principally, these ... they respond rapidly to physical contact. Some pseudopodial cells are able to use multiple types of pseudopodia depending on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudopodia

... transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). DBS involves implanting an ... Cognitive and Physical Performance Enhancer or Psychoactive Drug?". Current Neuropharmacology. 13 (1): 71-88. doi:10.2174/ ... "Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) , How Does TMS Work". www.butler.org. Retrieved 2020-04-03. Levasseur-Moreau, Jean; ... Methods of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) have been found to enhance human performance. In 2019, a study funded by the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurohacking

Repeated stimulation of this structure will cause orgasm and ejaculation. For those with spinal cord injuries preventing ... Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 76 (1): 59-64. doi:10.1016/S0003-9993(95)80044-1. PMID 7811177. Griffin AS, ... Pryor JL, LeRoy SC, Nagel TC, Hensleigh HC (January 1995). "Vibratory stimulation for treatment of anejaculation in ... and Baur observe that two extremely sensitive specific locations that many men find particularly responsive to stimulation are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frenulum_of_prepuce_of_penis

Some success has been reported with deep brain stimulation. Mouthguards and other physical protective devices may be useful in ... Patients usually receive speech, occupational and physical therapies to help with the complications associated with movement. ... "The Risk of Hardware Infection in Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery Is Greater at Impulse Generator Replacement than at the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroacanthocytosis

Physical therapy - Physical therapy is the most common form of treatment (source needed). It may include sensory stimulation, ... Alternative forms of physical therapy include yoga and dance. Physical therapy may also include the use of braces while not ... The benefits of surgery can also be negated or reversed if the patient does not participate in physical therapy and braces (or ... Constraint-induced movement therapy is a newer form of physical therapy for SHCP that involves casting or splinting the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spastic_hemiplegia

Rapport, M.D. & Bailey, J.S. (1985). "Behavioral physical therapy and spina bifida: A case study". Journal of Pediatric ... "Posture control using electrical stimulation biofeedback: A pilot study". Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology. 20 (2): ... physical therapy and criminal justice. As a discipline it has its own conferences, organizations, certification processes, and ... Physical Therapy. 74 (1): 50-60. doi:10.1093/ptj/74.1.50. PMID 8265728. Brucker B. (1980): Biofeedback and rehabilitation. In L ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professional_practice_of_behavior_analysis

Recruitment patterns in human skeletal muscle during electrical stimulation. Physical Therapy, 85(4), 358-364. Retrieved from ... It was shown that the use of electrical stimulation of muscles for motor control would stimulate large, fatigable motor unit ... In an article titled "Recruitment Patterns in Human Skeletal Muscle During Electrical Stimulation", Professors Chris M. Gregory ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henneman's_size_principle

Some argue that by adding physical natural elements, such as plants, trees, rain gardens, and green roofs, to the built ... This interaction with promotes interest, mental stimulation, and pleasure. Weather: Weather can be observed directly through ... This includes three sections: Biophilic Urbanism - the physical biophilic and green measures that can be taken to increase the ... increase physical activity, better mental health and quality of life. Further, Dannenberg, et al. also found that children ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biophilic_design

When they adept forgiveness, their physical stimulation glided downward. They showed no more of an anxiety reaction than normal ... Forgiveness is seen as preventing poor physical health and managing good physical health. Specifically individuals who choose ... Individuals who make a decision to genuinely forgive someone are also shown to have better physical health. This is due to the ... The forgiveness of others has a positive effect on physical health when it is combined with mindfulness but evidence shows that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forgiveness

Patient has any movement to physical stimulation (score -4). Patient has no response to voice or physical stimulation (score -5 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richmond_Agitation-Sedation_Scale

The suit can greatly accentuate the sensations from sexual stimulation. It is not clear if this effect can be experienced by ... Emp herself describes her physical strength, while the suit is undamaged, as approximating that of ten fit men. Invisibility. ... The suit sometimes acts autonomously, taking on the physical dimensions of Emp without her actually wearing it. The only ... and physical attributes that do not necessarily enhance the function of the suit but are active nonetheless. Most of the suit's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empowered_(comics)

... which refers to a type of physical trauma caused to a body part, either by impact, injury or physical attack. Chloroformaster ... The suit can greatly accentuate the sensations from sexual stimulation. It is not clear if this effect can be experienced by ... Their physical condition is indicated to not be coincidental. Something which is further exemplified by the appearances of the ... Its physical attributes regarding gender, race, and possible powers or abilities are not revealed, however, Baby Bird may ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Empowered_characters

Physical therapists can employ electric stimulation, cold therapy, and ultrasonography. Accelerated rehabilitation programs can ... They can also be torn by traumatic force encountered in sports or other forms of physical exertion. The traumatic action is ... The proper footwear is imperative when engaging in physical activity because one off-balanced step could mean a meniscus tear. ... If the tear is not serious, physical therapy, compression, elevation and icing the knee can heal the meniscus. Meniscus tears ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meniscus_tear

Fink has a B.S. (Vordiplom, 1990) and M.S. (Diplom 1993) degrees in physics and physical chemistry from the University of ... neural stimulation, MEMS fabrication, data fusion and analysis, and multi-dimensional optimization. Wolfgang Fink publications ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_Fink

Kessler, L. W. (1970). "Ultrasonic Stimulation of Optical Scattering in Nematic Liquid Crystals". Applied Physics Letters. 17 ( ... which can give useful information on the physical forces holding structures in a particular shape and the mechanics of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acoustic_microscopy

... lead to drastic changes in their physical and chemical properties. Such stimuli-responsive MOFs are generally referred to as a ... featuring one-dimensional diamond-shaped pores that can expand or contract upon stimulation, such as adsorption of guest ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexible_metal-organic_framework

"A physical and transcript map based upon refinement of the critical interval for PPH1, a gene for familial primary pulmonary ... "T-cell co-stimulation through B7RP-1 and ICOS". Nature. 402 (6763): 827-32. Bibcode:1999Natur.402..827Y. doi:10.1038/45582. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD278

Cultivators must deliver their total crop to the agency, which must purchase and take physical possession of them within four ... entral nervous system stimulation or depression, resulting in hallucinations or disturbances in motor function or thinking or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_Convention_on_Narcotic_Drugs

Performing a physical examination to determine any visual field defect may be necessary if a pituitary lesion is suspected, ... In exogenous Cushing's, the adrenal glands may often gradually atrophy due to lack of stimulation by ACTH, the production of ... Parksook WW, Porntharukchareon T, Sunthornyothin S (2022-05-30). "Desmopressin Stimulation Test in a Pregnant Patient with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cushing's_syndrome

Whitehead KA, Dahlman JE, Langer RS, Anderson DG (2011). "Silencing or stimulation? siRNA delivery and the immune system". ... although diagnosis early in infection is difficult since physical symptoms are sparse in early hepatitis C infection. Control ... "DNA Damage Signaling and p53-dependent Senescence after Prolonged β-Interferon Stimulation". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 17 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interferon

Mobile applications have been criticized due to the lack of physical interaction with objects. Although not supported by all, ... Montessori observed that confined children were in need of more stimulation from their environment. In 1907, she opened her ... Montessori characterized the third plane by the physical changes of puberty and adolescence, but also psychological changes. ... During this period, Montessori observed that the child undergoes striking physical and psychological development. The first- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montessori_education

This movement can begin as soon as 0.4 seconds after stimulation and can be completed after one second. Aldrovanda vesiculosa, ... ISBN 978-1-60535-389-0. Rost, K.; Schauer, R. (1977), "Physical and chemical properties of the mucilage secreted by Drosera ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Droseraceae

3. During the stance phase, a high intensity SN stimulation is indicative of an obstacle that could potentially cause physical ... Stimulation of the radial nerve during walking is unusual and often indicative of an obstacle that is high enough to make ... TN stimulation during this phase is, therefore, similar to a normal gait pattern sensory input. In this situation, the foot ... Sural nerve (SN) stimulation results in a reflex that is both phase and intensity dependent. The sural nerve innervates the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutaneous_reflex_in_human_locomotion

Many of the physical impacts of stress overlap with the physical impacts of sleep deprivation, including short-term impacts ... Conditioned fear, for example, reduces REM sleep whereas auditory stimulation increases it. In humans, models of stress have ... Both excessive stress and sleep deprivation cause physical health impacts that may affect a person short-term or long-term. ... These hormonal changes often cause an increase in caloric intake and decrease the energy for many physical activities which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_stress_and_sleep

The physical contractions of the smooth muscle cells can be caused by action potentials in efferent motor neurons of the ... These action potentials cause the smooth muscle cells to contract or relax, depending on the particular stimulation the cells ... whose stimulation is dependent on nutrient exposure and entry into the duodenum, and L cells in the distal small intestine and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_electrical_rhythm

... while peak experience denotes a high level of stimulation or euphoria, flow is not associated with an increased level of ... and ideas complete mindfulness of the present moment without influence of past or expected future experiences a physical ... stimulation. For further differentiation, see "Peak Experiences in Self-Actualization" below. According to Maslow, often ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_experience

It is a physical barrier to germination, not a true form of dormancy (Quinliven, 1971; Quinliven and Nichol, 1971). Seed ... which results in stimulation of ethylene production and increased cell membrane permeability. Dormancy is a general term ... Dormancy is a period in an organism's life cycle when growth, development, and (in animals) physical activity are temporarily ... "Woody Plant Growth in a Changing Chemical and Physical Environment". Proc. Workshop IUFRO Working Party on Shoot Growth ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dormancy

For example, physical affection, like hugs, can serve as an overt display of love. Various factors are at work within a family ... The final phase, love-making, which includes tactile stimulation during foreplay known as the light or protopathic touch. Any ... One of the most significant aspects of touch is the ability to convey and enhance physical intimacy. The sense of touch is the ... Touch can come in many different forms, some can promote physical and psychological well-being. A warm, loving touch can lead ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haptic_communication

A metronome was used as part of a technique to test the effects of musical and rhythmic stimulation in physical rehabilitation ... Physical activity also results in an increase in metabolic activity, which has already been increased as a result of the ... Outer hair cells serve as acoustic amplifiers for stimulation of the inner hair cells. Outer hair cells respond primarily to ... After a series of tests involving physical therapy exercises while songs with different tempos played, subjects were asked to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listener_fatigue

... theory is often used as a computational model that has the benefit of testing theories on neural activity before any physical ... best possible way for this to occur would be to combine the applications of percolation modelling and experimental stimulation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percolation_(cognitive_psychology)

The charges for the rape of Robin Robeck would later be dropped because of a lack of physical evidence as well as Robeck's ... with Norris also divulging to Bittaker the biggest stimulation for him was of seeing frightened young women, adding this was ... 260 being bound and gagged between repeated instances of sexual and physical abuse. Both men slept in the van alongside their ... and of Bittaker's statements as to Norris's revelations to Bittaker regarding his prime sexual stimulations while both were ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Bittaker_and_Roy_Norris

... discovered electrical stimulation of the brain Jack Pickup (1919-1996) - general practitioner and surgeon, also known as the " ... provided the first physical evidence of continental drift Charles Legge (1829-1881) - civil engineer Victor Ling CC (born 1944 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists_of_Canadians

Physical and Engineering Sciences. 379 (2197): 20200079. Bibcode:2021RSPTA.37900079F. doi:10.1098/rsta.2020.0079. PMID 33775148 ... Exploiting Stochastic Effects of Electrical Stimulation". Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology. 112 (9_suppl): 14-19. doi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_audiology

Speech perception also requires the physical components of the auditory system to recognise similarities in sounds. Within the ... Shadowing speech during a positron emission tomography finds greater stimulation of the temporal cortex and motor-function ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_shadowing

CT-TFT utilizes manual stimulation of acupuncture points, utilizing the stimulation while simultaneously focusing on the ... Combining talking and other physical attributions in order to help clients to process trauma that inhibits their day to day ... Aromatherapy, is a smell technique that uses essential oils, extracted from plants for the treatment of physical and emotional ... This technique utilizes sensory inputs, including physical touching between the therapist and patient, to create a safe space ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychosensory_therapy

Electrophysiological recording and stimulation can take place either across the network or locally via an MEA, and the network ... Physical Review E. 75 (5): 050901. Bibcode:2007PhRvE..75e0901B. doi:10.1103/physreve.75.050901. PMID 17677014. Bakkum, Douglas ... They employ approximately sixty electrodes for recording and stimulation in varying patterns in a dish with a typical culture ... Other studies have attempted to imprint signal patterns onto the networks via artificial stimulation. This can be done by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultured_neuronal_network

... is believed to continually train the heart pharmacologically, even without physical activity, inducing preparation of ... Meldonium's vasodilatory effects are thought to be due to the stimulation of the production of nitric oxide in the vascular ... who studies how humans respond to physical and mental stress during exercise and other activities, told them that "Evidence is ... which causes nitric oxide production via stimulation of the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor or specific gamma- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meldonium

... "stimulation produced analgesia" (SPA). Working on rats, they found that stimulation at several mesencephalic and diencephalic ... and the idea that phantom pain was not a purely physical phenomenon, but had a psychological role as well. Another member of ... Mayer, D. J.; Wolfle, T. L.; Akil, H.; Carder, B.; Liebeskind, J. C. (1971-12-24). "Analgesia from electrical stimulation in ... Akil, H.; Mayer, D. J.; Liebeskind, J. C. (1976-03-05). "Antagonism of stimulation-produced analgesia by naloxone, a narcotic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huda_Akil

... auditory stimulation, visual demonstration, visual stimulation (electronic), visual stimulation (just pictures), games, social ... This suggests that Women are more visually stimulated, interested in information that they can have physical direct control ... Visual learners can utilize graphs, charts, maps, diagrams, and other forms of visual stimulation to effectively interpret ... rather than physical objects, thus impacting their intellect. As reading scores increase, children are able to learn more, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_learning

In this case evidence supports both a physical and psychological adaptive response. Cattle that continue to eat bones after ... Morphine tolerance does not depend merely on the frequency of pharmacological stimulation, but rather on both the number of ... Captive parrots lack sufficient stimulation. Presumably they suffer from lack of companionship and opportunities to forage. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_psychopathology

Cognitive training, deep brain stimulation and transcranial direct-current stimulation have been studied more in Parkinson's ... Physical exercise in a sitting or recumbent position, and exercise in a pool, can help maintain conditioning. Compression ... An immense amount of physical support from friends and family is often required to maintain social and supporting relationships ... Diagnosis may include taking the person's medical history, a physical exam, assessment of neurological function, brain imaging ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia_with_Lewy_bodies

Other causes of vertigo include: Motion sickness/motion intolerance: a disjunction between visual stimulation, vestibular ... Physical Therapy. 90 (5): 663-78. doi:10.2522/ptj.20090071. PMID 20338918. Beyea JA, Wong E, Bromwich M, Weston WW, Fung K ( ... Physical Rehabilitation (7th ed.). pp. 918-49. ISBN 978-0-8036-9464-4. Korres SG, Balatsouras DG (October 2004). "Diagnostic, ... the nystagmus occurs only in certain positions Repeated stimulation, including via Dix-Hallpike maneuvers, cause the nystagmus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benign_paroxysmal_positional_vertigo

When she had the option to try EMS in the place of post-surgical physical therapy, she was all for it. The Forrest Hills ... A control group of 35 patients underwent two weeks of home-based physical therapy followed by an average of four weeks of ... For Patricia Brooks, the tingling of electrical current running through her leg was preferable to the sting of physical therapy ... Medicares reimbursement rate for a physical therapy session runs around $125 and its easy for patients to rack up hefty ...

https://www.healthcarebusinesstoday.com/electrical-stimulation-could-zap-the-need-for-post-surgical-physical-therapy/

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) currently is one of the most commonly used forms of electroanalgesia. ... Physical agent modalities. Braddom RL, ed. Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 2nd ed. Mosby; 2000. 453-5. ... Optimal stimulation frequency of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on people with knee osteoarthritis. J Rehabil Med ... Stimulation-induced analgesia: transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and vibration. Wall PD, Melzack R, eds. ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/325107-194073/how-does-the-efficacy-of-transcutaneous-electrical-nerve-stimulation-tens-compare-with-other-similar-treatment-modalities

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) uses a device called a neurostimulator to deliver electrical signals to the areas of the brain ... You will have a complete physical exam.. Your doctor will order many laboratory and imaging tests, including a CT or MRI scan. ... Globus pallidus deep brain stimulation; Subthalamic deep brain stimulation; Thalamic deep brain stimulation; DBS; Brain ... Deep brain stimulation (DBS) uses a device called a neurostimulator to deliver electrical signals to the areas of the brain ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007453.htm

Prior pelvic floor physical therapy. *Malignancy or other serious medical condition (e.g., poorly controlled diabetes [Glycated ... Stimulation intensity (current) will be adjusted manually to palpable, but not painful, stimulation. Vaginal and surface ... Stimulation intensity (current) will be adjusted manually to palpable, but not painful, stimulation. Vaginal and surface ... Transvaginal Electrical Stimulation for Myofascial Pelvic Pain. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the ...

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05354869

Electromagnetic field stimulation and TENS. A pulsed electromagnetic field stimulation device (Bionicare) has been approved by ... Physical activity. Although people with osteoarthritis tend to avoid activity, exercise is an effective treatment for this ... Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) may be another treatment option for pain relief. To date, however, there is ... A subsequent trial by Wang et al that compared tai chi (2 times per week for 12 weeks) with standard physical therapy (2 times ...

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/330487-treatment

... using a stimulation frequency ,1 Hz, and a stimulation intensity at or above the motor threshold, was most efficacious. There ... Several trials have shown preliminary evidence for the efficacy of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) as a treatment for ... The efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for negative symptoms in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta- ... The efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for negative symptoms in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta- ...

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.11.05.21265787v1

Morning wood usually isnt caused by sexual stimulation. Learn what causes morning wood, what it means if you stop having these ... Physical stimulation. Though your eyes are shut, your body is still aware of whats happening around you. If you or your ... The increase in this hormone alone may be enough to cause an erection, even in the absence of any physical stimulation. ... Morning wood is not always a sign of sexual stimulation. In many cases, NPT is not caused by dreams or thoughts of a sexual ...

https://www.healthline.com/health/mens-health/morning-wood

This two-phase stimulation acts as a passive workout that delivers the benefits of exercise without putting physical strain on ... Neuromuscular electrical stimulation is applied using electrode pads that are attached to a device controlling the output. ... The treatment creates a similar effect to a physical workout, while allowing the patient to sit still and relaxed. Because it ... Your physical therapist will position the electrode pads around the area being treated. ...

https://motusspt.com/neuromuscular-electrical-stimulation/

Mayo Clinic and UCLA research supports growing evidence of benefits of electrical stimulation; similar research under way at ... Electrical Stimulation Implant. Mayo Clinic researchers used electrical stimulation on the spinal cord and intense physical ... The goal of the study is to determine whether this more accessible, non-invasive type of stimulation, combined with physical ... Researchers Use Electrical Stimulation and Physical Therapy to Aid Movement in Man with Paralysis ...

https://news.shepherd.org/researchers-use-electrical-stimulation-and-physical-therapy-to-aid-movement-in-man-with-paralysis/

... sclerosis and another who had suffered stroke walked significantly better and faster with the aid of neural stimulation syste ... "We try to time the pattern to stimulation so that its integrated with their ability. Similar to regular physical therapy, we ... Other researchers who contributed to the two studies are the APT Centers Lisa Lombardo, physical therapist; Kevin Foglyano, ... Two studies, published in the American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, show that functional electrical ...

https://www.newswise.com/articles/stroke-ms-patients-walk-significantly-better-with-neural-stimulation

Directory of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Services, Help and Support for Nunavut ... Physical Disabilities Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Trauma and Abuse R Resiliency ... Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a treatment for brain conditions (such as depression) that uses magnetic fields to ... Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). #filterBar { margin-bottom:10px; float:left; } * Organizations/Services 0 results ...

https://www.ementalhealth.ca/Nunavut/Transcranial-Magnetic-Stimulation-TMS/index.php?m=heading&ID=719

... and a low-frequency stimulation member 100 provided on the inner surface of the mask body. , The low-frequency stimulation ... And a low-frequency stimulation conductor 40 made of a conductive material coupled to the other end of the body portion. ... The present invention is a low-frequency stimulation mask comprising a; a mask body 10 in a form in which the face portion is ... Low-frequency therapy is a physical therapy that helps the body to alleviate and recover from acute and chronic pain caused by ...

https://patents.google.com/patent/KR102170281B1/en

Transcranial magnetic stimulation. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation has been reported to alleviate repetitive ... Exercise and physical therapy - Exercise is often therapeutic for individuals with autistic disorder; a regular program of ... Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ... Speech, Behavioral, Occupational, and Physical Therapies. Therapies that are reported to help some individuals with autism ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/912781-treatment

Intramuscular Stimulation (IMS). What Is It?. Intramuscular Stimulation (IMS) is a dry needling technique - meaning nothing is ... At Peak Physical Therapy we have one therapist who is trained in IMS. If you are interested in trying it, book an appointment ...

https://www.peakpt.ca/Services/Intramuscular-Stimulation-IMS/a~1285--c~360705/article.html

It is essential to visit Flowers Physical Therapy in Rosedale to determine which specific electrical stimulation is best for ... Is electrical stimulation painful?. Electrical stimulation is a pain-free treatment option used to treat various injuries. The ... Why Flowers Physical Therapy?. Here at Flowers Physical Therapy in Rosedale, after an evaluation, we provide a personalized ... It is essential to visit a physical therapist to determine which specific electrical stimulation is best for your condition. ...

https://flowersphysicaltherapy.com/what-is-electrical-stimulation/

... aimed at improving the functions of the cerebellum and basal ganglia ... Cerebellar stimulation is a system of physical exercises aimed at improving functions of the cerebellum and basal ganglia - ... During physical exercises with assistance of a physical therapist, the patient learns to understand the boundaries of own body ... We achieve this with the help of cerebellar stimulation.. HOW DOES IT HAPPEN?. The program is based on the exercises on the ...

https://hypoxia.clinic/therapy/cerebellar-stimulation/

Restore your life back to normal with our advanced and safe electrical stimulation therapy solution at Renew PT & Wellness. ... If our physical therapist believes electrical stimulation will be beneficial to you, he or she will explain it in depth, and it ... Consult with a physical therapist today!. If you are interested in learning more about electrical stimulation, or if you think ... How will electrical stimulation benefit me?. At our Mobile, AL physical therapy practice, our main priorities are your comfort ...

https://renewphysiotherapy.com/physical-therapy-treatments/electrical-stimulation/

Precise transcranial magnetic stimulation motor-mapping. Nature Protocols (accepted) ...

https://www.cbs.mpg.de/publication-search/1494899?person=%2Fpersons%2Fresource%2Fpersons19779

Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES). Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) is a technique by which electrical currents ... The Steadward Centre FES Exercise Program offers three forms of FES-assisted physical activity: FES Leg Cycling, FES Arm ... The Steadward Centre for Personal & Physical Achievement. University of Alberta. 1-670 - Van Vliet Complex. Edmonton, Alberta, ... We support whole child development by providing physical activity and fitness for children and youth who are experiencing ...

https://www.ualberta.ca/steadward-centre/programs-and-registration/index.html

My work focuses on relationships between experience and its physical embodiment. I use a variety of brain stimulation and brain ... Brain stimulation Research Fellow highlight. 12 December 2018 Research fellows are a vital part of CUBRICs scientific ... Dr Chris Allen utilises non-invasive brain stimulation techniques such as TMS and tES to activate neurons in the brain, which ... We house one of the most powerful MRI scanners in Europe, as well as brain-stimulation equipment, sleep laboratories and drug- ...

https://www.cardiff.ac.uk/news/view/1365942-brain-stimulation-research-fellow-highlight

Treatment is based on the findings of the physical examination (ex: tightened muscle bands, autonomic signs etc.). Medically ... DI and laboratory testing are of little value as IMS treatment is primarily based on physical examination findings. ...

https://www.acadiapt.com/intramuscular-stimulation-ims/

2 Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilition, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Darulaceze Cad. No: 25 Okmeydani ... The effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on chronic subjective tinnitus Am J Otolaryngol. 2020 Jan-Feb; ... Group C (placebo group) received no electrical or sound stimulation. All group patients received total of 10 sessions with a ... The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) applied to the ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31732303/?dopt=Abstract

Electrical stimulation machines use electrical current to create a therapeutic effect ... Electrical stimulation is one of many modalities that a physical therapist or chiropractor may use during a comprehensive ... Electrical stimulation is one of many modalities that a physical therapist or chiropractor may use during a comprehensive ... Electrical stimulation can be used in conjunction with heat or ice therapy to further decrease pain and inflammation.. ...

https://ahpts.com/2016/11/what-is-electrical-stimulation/

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review ... Epidural cortical stimulation as adjunctive treatment for non-fluent aphasia : Preliminary findings. / Cherney, Leora R.; ... Epidural cortical stimulation as adjunctive treatment for non-fluent aphasia: Preliminary findings. Journal of Neurology, ... However, epidural stimulation of the ipsilesional premotor cortex may augment this effect, with the largest effects after ...

https://www.scholars.northwestern.edu/en/publications/epidural-cortical-stimulation-as-adjunctive-treatment-for-non-flu

Physical Fitness, Mental Stimulation, Social Interaction. Posted on by Share this:. *Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new ...

http://spinsonic.uk/slider/physical-fitness-mental-stimulation-social-interaction/

communication and mental stimulation. *health care. *safety. *physical activity. *nutrition. Learn more about how we assessed ...

https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/truck/about.html

Bilateral thyrohyoideus muscle stimulation induced significant dorsal movement (mean ± SD change in position, 18.7 ± 6.8 mm) of ... Animals-16 healthy horses that underwent hypoglossal nerve block and 5 healthy horses that underwent electrical stimulation of ... Radiographic images were obtained with the heads of horses in neutral (thyrohyoideus muscle stimulation) or neutral and ... Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Bilateral electrical stimulation of the thyrohyoideus muscles in horses in this study ...

https://avmajournals.avma.org/view/journals/ajvr/74/5/ajvr.74.5.784.xml?rskey=ZA31m9&result=1

Electromagnetic Stimulation Physical Therapy Instrument Manufacturers and Factory. We accept OEM custom products all made in ... electromagnetic stimulation therapy physical therapy equipments therapy device health care medical equipment ... Electric Stimulation Pen: Apply this pen for partial body pain relief and relaxation, to move on the body parts forwards and ... Pain Relief Electric Stimulation Pen. You can use this pen for partial body pain relief and relaxation, massaging a certain ...

http://www.ygrk-health.net/product/electromagnetic-stimulation-physical-therapy-instrument

This study investigated the impact of visual-vestibular stimulation on performance of an auditory information processing task ... e] Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: ... Otolithic stimulation and visual stimulation were associated with greater task cost compared to semicircular canal stimulation ... constant velocity optokinetic stimulation, and sinusoidal optokinetic stimulation. Baseline reaction times were subtracted from ...

https://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-vestibular-research/ves00460

Physical Stimulation For Velcro Dogs. Most Velcro dogs are active, live-wire types that cant wait for their walkies. Use this ... If dogs dont receive enough mental stimulation and physical exercise, its likely that theyll come to you simply to find ... so its always worth reading through our tips to find ways of providing plenty of mental and physical stimulation. ... Mental Stimulation Your Clingy Dog. Dogs are well-known for being food-oriented animals - but the good news is that most velcro ...

https://www.petside.com/velcro-dog/

Several trials have shown preliminary evidence for the efficacy of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) as a treatment for negative symptoms in schizophrenia. (medrxiv.org)
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a treatment for brain conditions (such as depression) that uses magnetic fields to improve symptoms. (ementalhealth.ca)
Precise transcranial magnetic stimulation motor-mapping. (mpg.de)
Neuroradiologist Donna Roberts, M.D., and neuroscientist Badran collaborated on the project to conduct transcranial magnetic stimulation, or TMS, on themselves and a group of volunteer assistants, mostly from the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences in the MUSC College of Medicine. (phys.org)
Transcranial magnetic stimulation could be useful to maintain mental heath and abilities during long-term spaceflight. (phys.org)
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a safe and non-invasive technique that is able to directly influence cortical excitability through the application of very low electric currents. (frontiersin.org)
Theta burst stimulation (TBS) is a new form of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) capable of non-invasively modulating cortical excitability. (nature.com)
Transcranial magnetic stimulation uses magnetic pulses to activate parts of the brain that are underused in people with depressive symptoms. (bemidjipioneer.com)
St. Luke's patient Jack Lee, accompanied by his service and therapy dog Nova, talks about how transcranial magnetic stimulation has helped treat his medication-resistant depression during an interview at St. Luke's hospital on June 13, 2022. (bemidjipioneer.com)
Shortly after, the Food and Drug Administration approved transcranial magnetic stimulation, or TMS, as an alternative treatment option for medication-resistant depression. (bemidjipioneer.com)
The same variability is true for lab rats: A new NIA study shows that memory in aged rats with cognitive impairment improved after transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), while cognitively healthy ones did worse after TMS. (nih.gov)
Transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) is a noninvasive technique that can be used to stimulate the brain through the scalp. (sunnybrook.ca)
Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on the rehabilitation of painful shoulder following a stroke: protocol for a randomized, controlled, double-blind, clinical trial. (bvsalud.org)
In such cases, transcranial direct current stimulation ( tDCS ) has been used as an additional therapeutic tool for improvements in central and peripheral pain . (bvsalud.org)
Home-Based Transcranial DCS to Enhance Cognition in Stroke Is home-based, remotely supervised transcranial direct current stimulation feasible, safe, and effective for improving poststroke cognitive function in patients with chronic stroke? (medscape.com)
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) appear to be promis-ing as ECT substitute technologies. (bvsalud.org)

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) currently is one of the most commonly used forms of electroanalgesia. (medscape.com)
A transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) unit consists of 1 or more electrical-signal generators, a battery, and a set of electrodes. (medscape.com)
Strength and resistance training, pulsed electromagnetic field therapy, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation show mostly short-term benefits, whereas agility training shows both short- and long-term benefits. (medscape.com)
These include transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) , interferential, premodulated, and symmetrical or asymmetrical biphasic. (flowersphysicaltherapy.com)
The different types of modes include transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), interferential, pre-modulated, Russian, and symmetrical or asymmetrical bi-phasic. (renewphysiotherapy.com)
Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) is a technique by which electrical currents are applied to nerves supplying paralysed or weakened muscle through electrodes placed on the surface of the skin (transcutaneous). (ualberta.ca)
The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) applied to the auricula for treating tinnitus using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI). (nih.gov)
Half of participants will receive conventional physiotherapy, while the other half will receive core stability exercises and core stability exercises plus transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). (clinicaltrials.gov)
This group will be divided in two: core stability exercises (CSE) plus conventional therapy (CP) and CSE with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) plus CP. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Clinical Outcome After Low-Level Laser Acupuncture, Microamps Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, and Other Alternative Therapies. (cam-quest.org)
Initially, your course of physical therapy may focus on pain relief , such as by using cold and heat therapy, massage, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). (spineandrehab.com)
Moreover, a double-blind, randomized, crossover, sham-controlled study by Ardolino et al indicated that anodal transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) can significantly reduce spasticity in HSP. (medscape.com)

The results of laboratory studies suggest that electrical stimulation delivered by a TENS unit reduces pain through nociceptive inhibition at the presynaptic level in the dorsal horn, thus limiting its central transmission. (medscape.com)
While you can use an electrical stimulation unit at home, like TENS, it is still crucial to be treated by a licensed physical therapist and to get your electrotherapy in a controlled and appropriate facility. (backandbodyny.com)

For Patricia Brooks, the tingling of electrical current running through her leg was preferable to the sting of physical therapy following her total knee replacement. (healthcarebusinesstoday.com)
Brooks, participated in a clinical trial offered at Forbes Regional Hospital to determine whether electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) is as effective as standard physical therapy in helping patients recover from joint replacement surgery. (healthcarebusinesstoday.com)
When she had the option to try EMS in the place of post-surgical physical therapy, she was all for it. (healthcarebusinesstoday.com)
The Forrest Hills resident had her knee replacement in January and didn't relish the idea of having to trek back and forth to physical therapy classes in the snow and cold. (healthcarebusinesstoday.com)
A control group of 35 patients underwent two weeks of home-based physical therapy followed by an average of four weeks of outpatient physical therapy. (healthcarebusinesstoday.com)
While EMS is not for everyone and many people benefit from more traditional physical therapy, the equivalent outcomes achieved by the two groups suggest that not all patients require physical therapy following knee replacements, Levine said. (healthcarebusinesstoday.com)
Medicare's reimbursement rate for a physical therapy session runs around $125 and it's easy for patients to rack up hefty insurance copayment charges, Levine said. (healthcarebusinesstoday.com)
Mayo Clinic researchers used electrical stimulation on the spinal cord and intense physical therapy to help a man intentionally move his paralyzed legs, stand and make steplike motions for the first time in three years. (shepherd.org)
The Mayo study started with the patient going through 22 weeks of physical therapy. (shepherd.org)
Following physical therapy, he underwent surgery to implant an electrode in the epidural space near the spinal cord below the injured area. (shepherd.org)
Similar to regular physical therapy, we can see results. (newswise.com)
At Peak Physical Therapy we have one therapist who is trained in IMS. (peakpt.ca)
Yes, I would like to receive newsletters from Peak Physical Therapy. (peakpt.ca)
At Flowers Physical Therapy in Rosedale, our priority is the safety, comfort, and health of our patients. (flowersphysicaltherapy.com)
Why Flowers Physical Therapy? (flowersphysicaltherapy.com)
Here at Flowers Physical Therapy in Rosedale, after an evaluation, we provide a personalized plan of treatment. (flowersphysicaltherapy.com)
Most patients believe that physical therapy is only necessary after. (flowersphysicaltherapy.com)
request a free screening with Renew Physical Therapy & Wellness in Mobile, AL today to learn more. (renewphysiotherapy.com)
If you are interested in learning more about electrical stimulation, or if you think it could benefit you, contact Renew Physical Therapy & Wellness at Mobile, AL today to request a free injury screening . (renewphysiotherapy.com)
2 Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilition, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Darulaceze Cad. (nih.gov)
Electrical stimulation can be used in conjunction with heat or ice therapy to further decrease pain and inflammation. (ahpts.com)
Managing your pain through proper physical therapy will ensure that you receive the right electrotherapy plan, avoiding potential side effects. (backandbodyny.com)
Background and purpose: This study evaluated the safety and feasibility of targeted epidural cortical stimulation delivered concurrently with intensive speech-language therapy for treatment of chronic non-fluent aphasia. (northwestern.edu)
Four of these participants (investigational participants) also underwent functional MRI guided surgical implantation of an epidural stimulation device which was activated only during therapy sessions. (northwestern.edu)
Conclusions: Behavioural speech-language therapy improves non-fluent aphasia, independent of cortical stimulation. (northwestern.edu)
However, epidural stimulation of the ipsilesional premotor cortex may augment this effect, with the largest effects after completion of therapy. (northwestern.edu)
There was not enough evidence comparing electrical stimulation to other existing treatments such as drug therapy, pelvic floor muscle training plus vaginal cones, surgery, or different forms of electrical stimulation, to provide evidence-based guidance on which would be better, and for which women, in curing or improving SUI or in improving quality of life. (cochrane.org)
Patients will return for the therapy five days a week for a six- or seven-week period, in which time the stimulation helps create habits for the brain to continue using the neocortex. (bemidjipioneer.com)
Early physical therapy for lower back pain is linked to less health care resource use in the first month and the first year after symptoms. (ptproductsonline.com)
Findings from these studies suggest that the ability to move the arm and hand can be improved when TDCS is combined with physical therapy. (sunnybrook.ca)
Physical interventions in energy psychology, such as body tapping, are meant to work in combination with the person in therapy becoming mentally engaged in the feelings, thoughts, and/or behaviors that are targets for change in therapy. (goodtherapy.org)
Energy psychologists believe physical interventions to regulate electrical signals or energy fields can be combined with evidence-based exposure therapy to retrain the brain and help individuals overcome any physical and emotional reactions affecting health and well-being. (goodtherapy.org)
Proponents of energy psychology believe the repeated pairing of exposure and meridian point stimulation can lead individuals to experience less hyperarousal when they are exposed to previous triggers of hyperarousal outside of therapy. (goodtherapy.org)
The FDA is aware that some manufacturers are claiming these products support water therapy interventions in babies with developmental delays or special needs and that the benefits of these products include increased muscle tone, greater flexibility and range of motion, increased lung capacity, better sleep quality, and increased brain and nervous system stimulation," the release states. (kdvr.com)
The safety and effectiveness of neck floats to build strength, to promote motor development or as a physical therapy tool, have not been established. (kdvr.com)
Muscle relaxants, physical therapy, and intrathecal baclofen are used to manage spastic paraparesis, which the young man in this case appears to be developing. (medscape.com)
The patient in this case was treated with physical therapy for his balance problems, and he had bladder physical therapy to manage and prevent incontinence . (medscape.com)
This medical technology has been used safely and effectively among a wide range of patient populations and in other therapy settings including physical therapy, orthopedics, outpatient clinics and elite athletics, where MR4 Laser is the "equipment of choice" for 90 professional and collegiate sports teams along with Olympic and National teams. (multiradiance.com)
The equipment line includes desktop and portable devices that incorporate super pulsed laser, infrared, blue and red light therapy, electrical stimulation, static magnetic field, LaserStim™ with TARGET™ and LaserSweep™ technologies. (multiradiance.com)
Occupational Therapy and Physical help you improve your life and recover from pain and illness. (homehealthnv.com)
In this article, you know handy details about occupational and Physical therapy, differences, similarities, the many benefits, when and where to receive them, and which one to choose. (homehealthnv.com)
What is Physical Therapy? (homehealthnv.com)
Physical therapy (PT) is to help patients improve the quality of life through training, appropriate exercise, and hands-on care. (homehealthnv.com)
What benefits does physical therapy have for you? (homehealthnv.com)
When do you need physical therapy? (homehealthnv.com)
You might need physical therapy when your movement gets affected. (homehealthnv.com)
How often you need physical therapy is up to your conditions and the source of pain. (homehealthnv.com)
Athletes can also use physical therapy. (homehealthnv.com)
Where can you receive physical therapy service? (homehealthnv.com)
Physical therapy 's main focus is to assist in improving function, mobility, and movement. (homehealthnv.com)
Physical therapy , also known as physiotherapy, covers a variety of treatments used to help people recover from the aftermath of injuries. (mymdblog.com)
Physical therapy helps the patient regain full mobility or as close as possible. (mymdblog.com)
At physical therapy clifton , we have the best physical therapists in each of the specializations that we offer. (cliftonptnj.com)
Physical Therapy Clifton, NJ improving your quality of life through rehabilitation and healthy living Physical therapy is a great way to help alleviate the pain in your body, as well as maintain physical fitness. (cliftonptnj.com)
At Physical Therapy Clifton we have state of the art equipment and highly trained therapists that are committed to helping you get better faster. (cliftonptnj.com)
Our team at Physical Therapy Clifton works tirelessly with your individual needs so you can be back up and before you know it. (cliftonptnj.com)
Unlike a lot of other facilities, Personal Care Physical Therapy puts the emphasis on you. (cliftonptnj.com)
It is not common knowledge, but there are actually several different forms of physical therapy. (cliftonptnj.com)
One type of physical therapy is known as pediatric (or children) rehabilitation. (cliftonptnj.com)
Clifton Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation is dedicated to helping each patient regain mobility and rebuild strength in the surrounding muscles. (cliftonptnj.com)
Physical therapy treatments are performed by our in-house physical therapist or physical therapy assistant. (rockcanyonrehab.com)
The aim of the proposed study is to evaluate the effect of tDCS when combined with upper limb physical therapy on pain intensity and functional improvement in stroke survivors with shoulder pain in the hemiplegic limb . (bvsalud.org)
Regular physical therapy (PT) is important for maintaining and improving range of motion (ROM) and muscle strength, as well as for maintaining aerobic conditioning of the cardiovascular system. (medscape.com)
Dr. Lurie explains that acupuncture, spinal manipulation, or physical therapy are other potential treatment options, depending on your type of low back pain. (medlineplus.gov)
Against this backdrop, the Minister of Health and Social Services of Québec commissioned the Agence d'évaluation des technologies et des modes d'intervention en santé (AETMIS) to assess the prac-tice of electroconvulsive therapy in Québec. (bvsalud.org)

Two studies, published in the American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , show that functional electrical stimulation (FES) significantly helped McGlynn and Bush to effectively walk at the medical center. (newswise.com)
Neurological Clinic of Dr. Yatsenko" is the only clinic in Ukraine that uses cerebellar stimulation in rehabilitation programs of patients with the consequences of stroke, brain injury, Parkinson's disease, hyperkinesia, dystonia. (hypoxia.clinic)
We provide a program of care designed to improve physical function and alleviate pain by bringing together a team of specialized rehabilitation professionals. (ahpts.com)
Kessler's physician-led team of rehabilitation nurses, physical, occupational and recreation therapists and others tailored a treatment plan to meet Jason's needs and goal of becoming independent. (kessler-rehab.com)
The team of physical therapists, chiropractors, and medical doctors at The Houston Spine & Rehabilitation Centers provides personalized treatment plans for long-lasting relief. (spineandrehab.com)
Consultations in HSP can include a physical medicine and rehabilitation specialist and a neurologist. (medscape.com)

The movement of the horse provides sensory stimulation to the body and brain of the rider that affects a variety of muscle groups. (sire-htec.org)
Roll this palm-sized red fidget between your fingers for instant sensory stimulation. (flaghouse.com)
In architecture, this fixation on superficiality limits the possibilities for an embodied experience through full sensory stimulation. (archinect.com)
Additionally, massage is able to help babies cope with sensory stimulation better. (clearconnectionschiropractic.com)
By reacting differently to sensory stimulation, babies have a more natural reaction to relax and be calm. (clearconnectionschiropractic.com)

Your physical therapist will position the electrode pads around the area being treated. (motusspt.com)
It is essential to visit a physical therapist to determine which specific electrical stimulation is best for your condition. (flowersphysicaltherapy.com)
During physical exercises with assistance of a physical therapist, the patient learns to understand the boundaries of own body and manage own movements. (hypoxia.clinic)
If our physical therapist believes electrical stimulation will be beneficial to you, he or she will explain it in depth, and it will be incorporated into your treatment plan. (renewphysiotherapy.com)
Consult with a physical therapist today! (renewphysiotherapy.com)
Electrical stimulation is one of many modalities that a physical therapist or chiropractor may use during a comprehensive treatment session to help reduce pain and increase functional mobility. (ahpts.com)
There are many different types of massage, and a physical therapist will choose one that best suits the patient's needs and preferences. (mymdblog.com)
A physical therapist is able to treat a patient by assessing their needs and prescribing the best treatment program to maximize the quality of life. (cliftonptnj.com)
If you have persistent or severe headache pain that isn't relieved with over-the-counter medicine, it's time to talk to pain management specialists like a chiropractor or physical therapist. (spineandrehab.com)
The volunteers will be randomly allocated to receive passive movement on the upper limb , which will be performed by the therapist for 20 min followed by either active tDCS or sham tDCS (current stimulation for 30 s) during simultaneous physical activity of the upper limb ("mini-bike") for 20 min, totaling 40 min of intervention performed in 10 consecutive sessions. (bvsalud.org)
Although PT does not reduce the degenerative process within the spinal cord, individuals with HSP must maintain an exercise regimen performed at least several times each week, as guided by their physical therapist. (medscape.com)

Treatments for MPP using electrical stimulation to induce muscle fatigue have proven efficacy at reducing pain, improving circulation, and promoting tissue healing, but have proven difficult to implement in gynecologic practice. (clinicaltrials.gov)
One small study showed that this treatment, which uses externally applied electrical stimulation to induce functional movement in weak muscles, can benefit some patients with adrenomyeloneuropathy who have difficulty walking. (medscape.com)

Patients suffering from migraines or other chronic ailments will benefit from the bio-mechanical stimulation. (instructure.com)
The advent of this knowledge has introduced neuromodulation into the field with successful cases of spinal cord stimulation treating the pain associated with chronic pancreatitis. (cureus.com)
There have been no cases reported in the literature of this form of stimulation in treating chronic pancreatitis. (cureus.com)
We present a case of a patient with chronic pancreatitis who obtained 80% abdominal pain relief for two years after undergoing dorsal root ganglion stimulation. (cureus.com)
Many people experience chronic pain, which can lead to impaired physical functioning, poor mental health, reduced quality of life, and contributes to substantial disability and death each year. (cdc.gov)

Intramuscular Stimulation (IMS) is a dry needling technique - meaning nothing is injected during the process - used to target dysfunctional muscles that are causing pain. (peakpt.ca)

One of our trusted products is known as neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), also sometimes called electrical muscle stimulation. (motusspt.com)
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation is applied using electrode pads that are attached to a device controlling the output. (motusspt.com)
Surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation evoked resistance training (NMES-RT) was developed as a strategy to attenuate the process of skeletal muscle atrophy, decrease ectopic adiposity, improve insulin sensitivity and enhance mitochondrial capacity. (elsevier.com)

Although the number of participants enrolled in this trial precludes definitive conclusions, targeted epidural cortical stimulation appears safe and may be a feasible adjunctive treatment for non-fluent aphasia, particularly when the aphasia is more severe. (northwestern.edu)
3 = Bilateral hemianopia (blind including cortical blindness) stimulation is performed at this point. (medscape.com)

These psychological costs are incurred primarily because poverty limits children's access to developmental stimulation and heightens their exposure to stress in both their physical and psychosocial environments. (bc.edu)
Stunting, or impaired growth and development happens when children experience poor nutrition, disease and lack of psychosocial stimulation. (who.int)

We investigated whether electrical stimulation was better than no treatment at all or better than other available treatments for curing or improving stress urinary incontinence (SUI) symptoms in women. (cochrane.org)
We also investigated whether SUI was cured or improved by adding electrical stimulation to other treatments, compared to other treatments and to different types of electrical stimulation. (cochrane.org)
We found that few women reported adverse effects with electrical stimulation, but there was not enough reliable evidence comparing electrical stimulation to other treatments to know more about its safety. (cochrane.org)
While we found evidence indicating that electrical stimulation may be better than no treatment, we did not find enough well-designed trials with enough women to fully answer our review questions, so we do not yet know if ES is better or worse than other treatments. (cochrane.org)
The current evidence base indicated that electrical stimulation is probably more effective than no active or sham treatment, but it is not possible to say whether ES is similar to PFMT or other active treatments in effectiveness or not. (cochrane.org)
This Bureau of Mines report examines the coal mine roof damage potential of stimulation treatments. (cdc.gov)
To help rebuild his strength, balance and endurance, Jason's physical therapists combined proven treatments, exercises and advanced technologies, such as electrical stimulation. (kessler-rehab.com)
There are also behavioral treatments like biofeedback and nerve stimulation, which use electric pulses to help people learn how to manage pain. (medlineplus.gov)

Using technology designed by Case Western Reserve University and the Advanced Platform Technology and Functional Electrical Stimulation centers at the Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, the two men got their feet back under them. (newswise.com)
Functional electrical stimulation-lower extremity cycling (FES-LEC) allows for the activation of 6 muscle groups, which is likely to evoke greater metabolic and cardiovascular adaptation. (elsevier.com)
Functional electrical stimulation effect on orthostatic hypotension after spinal cord injury. (semanticscholar.org)
Functional electrical stimulation has been examined as a potential symptomatic treatment for this condition. (medscape.com)

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Short Form 12 (SF-12) will assess symptom impact on physical and mental quality of life. (clinicaltrials.gov)
If dogs don't receive enough mental stimulation and physical exercise, it's likely that they'll come to you simply to find something to do. (petside.com)
These types of working dogs are looking for a command to follow or job to do, so it's always worth reading through our tips to find ways of providing plenty of mental and physical stimulation. (petside.com)
and in physical and mental rehab for stroke patients. (phys.org)
RÉSUMÉ L'état de santé, le bien-être mental et la capacité fonctionnelle des citoyens âgés ont été évalués dans le cadre d' une étude communautaire des personnes âgées de 60 ans et plus réalisée en 2004. (who.int)
An example of this is in the maintenance of health, where the West emphasizes the physical body more, while the East tends to also treat the person's spiritual and mental health. (ymaa.com)
Dr. Yang states that there are four methods of building up Qi in the body, physical stimulation, mental stimulation, energizing the Shén and others. (ymaa.com)
Energy psychology is based on the broad theory that mental health and physical health conditions are related to altered flow and function in the body's electrical energies and energy fields. (goodtherapy.org)
Active Body Active Mind provides relaxation time for caregivers while giving loved ones with dementia the stimulation and enjoyment to boost their physical and mental well-being. (vha.ca)
More important even than physical exercise though is mental stimulation. (hellobark.com)
The Mitochondrial Theory of Aging in Reverse how to enhance sleep, recovery, longevity and physical & mental performance very simply with pulsed magnetic fields. (earthpulse.net)
Self-care involves the entire body of health decisions that individu- als make for themselves and their families to maintain physical and mental well-being. (bvsalud.org)

Consumers reported they believed that intellectual stimulation (86.6%), physical activity (82.6%), and healthful diet (82.5%) prevented or delayed cognitive impairment. (cdc.gov)

Athletes can use NMES to target specific muscles post-workout to enhance their muscle recovery and be better prepared for their next physical demands. (motusspt.com)
In fact, the intensity of the electrical muscle stimulation or sensory nerve stimulation can be easily modified to the tolerance of each patient. (renewphysiotherapy.com)
When used for muscle strengthening, electrical stimulation can sometimes become a bit uncomfortable, but it should never result in pain. (renewphysiotherapy.com)
This current delivers the necessary stimulation to elicit a muscle contraction with the purpose of providing functionally useful movements that can aid in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and type 2 diabetes. (ualberta.ca)
Treatment is based on the findings of the physical examination (ex: tightened muscle bands, autonomic signs etc. (acadiapt.com)
Adding electrical stimulation to pelvic floor muscle training may not make much difference to cure or improvement of SUI. (cochrane.org)
We have evaluated an alternative treatment, electrical stimulation (ES) with non-implanted devices, which aims to improve pelvic floor muscle function to reduce involuntary urine loss. (cochrane.org)
Skeletal muscle atrophy, increased adiposity and reduced physical activity are key changes observed after spinal cord injury (SCI) and are associated with numerous cardiometabolic health consequences. (elsevier.com)
Therefore, the goals of this study were to investigate the effect of obesity on central vs. peripheral fatigue as well as on the physical signs of fatigue on the middle deltoid muscle. (cdc.gov)
Other benefits of physical activity and exercise include increased cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength, flexibility, energy, and bone mass. (encyclopedia.com)
Electromyography (EMG), or the recording of electrical phenomena resulting from muscle stimulation and contraction, has long proven a valuable tool for the assessment of muscular loads and stresses in biomedical research. (cdc.gov)

He had three training sessions a week to prepare his muscles for attempting tasks during spinal cord stimulation. (shepherd.org)
In panel C, mean baseline positions of laryngeal sites of horses are indicated by squares, mean positions following stimulation of thyrohyoideus muscles of horses in the present study are indicated by circles, and mean positions following placement of a prosthetic suture for horses in another study 15 are indicated by triangles. (avma.org)
By stimulating muscles, bio-mechanical stimulation can also alleviate the symptoms of osteoarthritis, arthritis and migraines. (instructure.com)
Bio-mechanical stimulation is a type of massage that targets the muscles and tendon. (instructure.com)
Bio-mechanical stimulation massage is a form of therapeutic massage used to relax the muscles of the body and joints. (instructure.com)
For this purpose, electrical stimulation was delivered at the middle deltoid muscles of 22 non-obese (18 (cdc.gov)
Physical therapists can help TMJ disorder patients by breaking up scar tissue, relieving tight muscles, and stretching the sore jaw. (spineandrehab.com)

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), doing some kind of physical activity or exercise on a regular basis helps to increase strength and flexibility, improve endurance, control weight, increase bone mass, and improve self-esteem, as well as reduce stress, anxiety, depression, and the risk of developing high blood pressure . (encyclopedia.com)

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has had remarkable success in providing pain relief for treatment-refractory AP secondary to CP [5,8,10-12] . (cureus.com)

From there, one of our licensed physical therapists will create an individualized treatment plan, based on your specific needs. (renewphysiotherapy.com)
What do physical therapists do to help patients? (homehealthnv.com)
Physical therapists use a different range of techniques to help patients. (homehealthnv.com)
While it is true that physical therapists aid in back pain relief and treating other aches and pains, they can do so much more than that! (cliftonptnj.com)
Through continuing education, our physical and occupational therapists apply the latest research to improve balance and reduce fall risk. (rockcanyonrehab.com)
Our team of professional Physical Therapists will assess and treat impairments in strength and function that occur as a result of injury, disease, age-related degeneration, or environmental factors. (rockcanyonrehab.com)

Here we share EEG and ECG recordings and structural MRI scans, including high-resolution DTI, from twenty-four healthy participants who received intermittent TBS (two sessions), continuous TBS (two sessions), and sham stimulation (one session) applied to the left DLPFC using a single-blinded crossover design. (nature.com)
For cure or improvement of SUI, electrical stimulation was probably better than no active or sham treatment. (cochrane.org)

Electrical stimulation machines use electrical current to create a therapeutic effect on the body. (ahpts.com)

It can help alleviate various physical conditions. (instructure.com)
To alleviate physical and economic distress through the stimulation of private investment and community revitalization in areas with declining tax base. (lakecountyil.gov)

The tasks were performe d during simultaneous rotational and moving visual stimulation. (iospress.com)
Otolithic stimulation and visual stimulation were associated with greater task cost compared to semicircular canal stimulation. (iospress.com)
Combining semicircular canal with otolithic or visual stimulation had no additional effect beyond otolithic or visual stimulation alone. (iospress.com)
This study suggests that interference of vestibular stimulation with cognitive processing is especially prominent for otolithic and visual stimulation although the strength of the various visual-vestibular stimuli may not have been uniform. (iospress.com)
Also, spatial tasks are more affected than non-spatial tasks during visual stimulation and interference between vestibular stimulation and cognitive processing is not age dependent for these relatively easy tasks. (iospress.com)
If infants react strongly to any slight auditory or visual stimulation by becoming stiff or by arching the back, this is a sign of hypertonicity and hyperreactivity. (medscape.com)

The aim of this three-arm randomized study is to evaluate the utility of transvaginal electrical stimulation at a fixed frequency of 200 Hz in women with symptomatic MPP in comparison to the standard, first-line treatment with education, stretching, and low-impact exercise. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Nursing staff without prior training will be taught to deliver this high-frequency transvaginal electrical stimulation (HF-TES) treatment using the device. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The treatment creates a similar effect to a physical workout, while allowing the patient to sit still and relaxed. (motusspt.com)
Electrical stimulation is a pain-free treatment option used to treat various injuries. (flowersphysicaltherapy.com)
Electrical stimulation is a safe and effective method of treatment that can provide pain relief and recovery for several conditions. (renewphysiotherapy.com)
A standard electrical stimulation device utilizes self-adhesive electrodes placed around the target treatment area on the body. (renewphysiotherapy.com)
During an electrical stimulation treatment, you'll be asked to sit or lie in a comfortable position, your skin in the target treatment area will be cleaned and prepped, and your PT will guide you step-by-step through the entire treatment. (renewphysiotherapy.com)
In the absence of clinical signs of such conditions, DI and laboratory testing are of little value as IMS treatment is primarily based on physical examination findings. (acadiapt.com)
Can electrical stimulation or electrotherapy be part of this treatment? (backandbodyny.com)
She recently gained more mobility after a deep brain stimulation surgical treatment. (columbian.com)
We found 56 trials (involving a total of 3781 women, all with stress urinary incontinence but some with urgency urinary incontinence as well) comparing electrical stimulation to no treatment or to any other available treatment. (cochrane.org)
There is some evidence to support the use of electrical stimulation for stress urinary incontinence in women, but we are still very uncertain about the full potential of this treatment because of the low quality of the existing evidence. (cochrane.org)
To assess the effects of electrical stimulation with non-implanted devices, alone or in combination with other treatment, for managing stress urinary incontinence or stress-predominant mixed urinary incontinence in women. (cochrane.org)

It's possible that your headache is being caused by an underlying physical problem, such as TMJ disorders . (spineandrehab.com)

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) uses a device called a neurostimulator to deliver electrical signals to the areas of the brain that control movement, pain, mood, weight, obsessive-compulsive thoughts, and awakening from a coma. (medlineplus.gov)
Cerebellar stimulation is a system of physical exercises aimed at improving functions of the cerebellum and basal ganglia - brain structures actively participating in the formation of movements, speech, coordination acts. (hypoxia.clinic)
Research fellows are a vital part of CUBRIC's scientific workforce, and one researcher in particular is making waves in the world of brain stimulation. (cardiff.ac.uk)
Dr Chris Allen utilises non-invasive brain stimulation techniques such as TMS and tES to activate neurons in the brain, which allows for the study of perception, attention and cognition. (cardiff.ac.uk)
I use a variety of brain stimulation and brain imaging techniques to change and measure brain activity and relate these to changes in experience. (cardiff.ac.uk)
We house one of the most powerful MRI scanners in Europe, as well as brain-stimulation equipment, sleep laboratories and drug-trial facilities. (cardiff.ac.uk)
The goal of electrical stimulation is to alter pain impulses sent from the body to the brain and decrease inflammation. (ahpts.com)
And Roberts' previous research, comparing astronauts' brain MRIs before and after a trip to the International Space Station, showed physical changes in the brain that correlated to changes in the astronauts' motor skills and cognitive performance. (phys.org)
That physical transformation is because of a deep brain stimulation surgery Noll had at Oregon Health & Science University in May. (columbian.com)
The surgery was performed by Dr. Kim Burchiel, who pioneered deep brain stimulation, or DBS, in the U.S., conducting the first American DBS surgery at OHSU about 28 years ago. (columbian.com)
Theta burst stimulation (TBS) is a relatively recent advance in rTMS that uses a pattern of magnetic pulses that mimic brain oscillatory activity. (nature.com)
At present, there are great progress has been made in the brain region activation of anxiety via emotional stimulation. (researchsquare.com)
The findings, published recently in Brain Stimulation , suggest the need for a personalized, tailored approach to developing TMS therapies for people. (nih.gov)
Specific to energy psychology is the theory that stimulation of meridian points can send signals to the brain to help reduce hyperarousal. (goodtherapy.org)
Brain imaging (fMRI) and stimulation techniques (TMS) to understand the neural circuits that support motor learning. (ucalgary.ca)
The risks associated with ECT are of three orders: physical complications, potential brain damage and negative consequences on cognitive functions. (bvsalud.org)

About 2,000 magnetic stimulations are delivered in that time. (bemidjipioneer.com)

This study investigated the impact of visual-vestibular stimulation on performance of an auditory information processing task in young and older adults. (iospress.com)

Bio-Mechanical Stimulation is a kind of massage that targets any part of the body. (instructure.com)
Bio-Mechanical stimulation, a form of advanced massage that incorporates deep tissue work and stretching is an advanced form of massage. (instructure.com)
Bio-mechanical stimulation is a cutting-edge method of massage. (instructure.com)
Bio-mechanical stimulation is one type of massage that helps with any part of the body. (instructure.com)
Bio-mechanical stimulation massage is similar to Acupuncture. (instructure.com)
Together these things combine with the physical effects of massage to help regulate an infant's sleep patterns. (clearconnectionschiropractic.com)

The diagnosis of problems in motor skills and coordination relies on a careful history of functioning while the child is performing motor tasks, a history of development in the motor and sensory integration areas, and physical findings. (medscape.com)

It has been proven to be effective in relieving anxiety, reducing pain and enhancing physical performance. (instructure.com)

MPP subjects who meet inclusion/exclusion criteria will be approached for study inclusion and randomized 2:1 to high frequency transvaginal electrical stimulation (HF-TES) vs. usual care. (clinicaltrials.gov)

When painful peripheral stimulation occurs, however, the information carried by C fibers reaches the T cells and opens the gate, allowing pain transmission centrally to the thalamus and cortex, where it is interpreted as pain. (medscape.com)
Is electrical stimulation painful? (flowersphysicaltherapy.com)
Electrical stimulation is not considered painful but feels more like a "pins and needles" sensation. (flowersphysicaltherapy.com)
If you are suffering from a painful condition and you are looking for relief, electrical stimulation may be the answer. (renewphysiotherapy.com)
obtunded and requires strong or painful stimulation to ______ make movements (not stereotyped). (medscape.com)

Horseback riding helps riders meet developmental, social, physical or intellectual or a mixture of these goals. (sire-htec.org)
Riders' goals may be developmental, social, physical or intellectual or a mixture of all these. (sire-htec.org)
The clinical picture of motor coordination problems is assessed from a developmental point of view-that is, by considering normal physical capacities at different ages. (medscape.com)

Body tapping involves stimulation of the points on the body also targeted in acupuncture, which are known as meridian points. (goodtherapy.org)

Sensory irritation, pulmonary irritation, and respiratory stimulation by airborne benzene and alkylbenzenes: prediction of safe industrial exposure levels and correlation of their thermodynamic properties. (cdc.gov)
Toxaphene is a yellowish-colored inhalation exposure among populations by the dose (how much), the Clinical signs of nervous system insecticide composed of a complex living near waste sites that contain duration (how long), and the stimulation (e.g., convulsions) were mixture of at least 670 chlorinated toxaphene and its degradation products. (cdc.gov)
This increased risk is presumed to reflect the combined effects of increased physical work, psychological stimulation, exposure to particulate matter, and other products of combustion, hyperthermia, and dehydration during firefighting, all of which may augment arrhythmogenic sympathetic drive and collectively serve as cardiac stressors. (cdc.gov)
Concerning the results of toxicological studies in laboratory animals, the report cites over-stimulation of the central nervous system, resulting in convulsions, as the predominant effect of exposure. (who.int)

1 Hz, and a stimulation intensity at or above the motor threshold, was most efficacious. (medrxiv.org)
The intensity of the electrical stimulation is modifiable to the patient's personal needs. (flowersphysicaltherapy.com)
Insufficient levels of daily physical utes per week of moderate-intensity a particular threshold. (who.int)
In fact, vir- recommended 60 minutes per day of vention of weight gain, for weight tually all public health agencies and moderate-intensity physical activity loss, and for prevention of weight re- scientific organizations recommend for prevention of unhealthful weight gain after weight loss. (who.int)
Moreover, physical activity of within the next 4 years of fol ow-up 120-240 minutes per week of aero- high intensity leads to more pro- than those who decreased their ac- bic exercise at intensities of 40-85% nounced weight loss than physical tivity levels by 16.3 MET-hours per of maximum heart rate were relat- activity of lower intensity. (who.int)

This pattern of task cost being larger for otolith or visual vs. semicircular canal stimulation was found for both the spatial and non-spatial tasks. (iospress.com)
This is somewhat similar to how people who have had a stroke can relearn tasks through targeted cognitive and physical therapies. (nih.gov)
To increase the knowledge of physical requirements for accomplishing basic tasks to community living. (who.int)
Eventual avoidance of challenging physical tasks in a child who works hard on drawing or writing with poor results is understandable. (medscape.com)
When a child reports not enjoying most physical activities, careful observation may be required after the child is asked to perform a few motor tasks to demonstrate the degree of challenge these activities pose to the child. (medscape.com)
A child who is notably neglected or not exposed to usual physical tasks may have physical deficits for these reasons. (medscape.com)

We provide structured, individual, and group exercise programs for adults experiencing disability under the supervision of staff trained in Adapted Physical Activity and Certified Exercise Physiologists, in a supportive, welcoming, and inclusive environment. (ualberta.ca)
We support whole child development by providing physical activity and fitness for children and youth who are experiencing disability. (ualberta.ca)
Free2BMe programs are led and supervised by staff trained in Adapted Physical Activity. (ualberta.ca)
The etiology is multifactorial, involving the physiological changes that occur during pregnancy, intraoperative hypotension, increased vagal activity, visceral stimulation, and the effect of neuraxial opioid administration and the use of oxytocin [6]. (scirp.org)
People who make physical activity and exercise a part of their daily lives when they are young are more likely to keep it in their lives as they grow older and benefit from it throughout their lifespans. (encyclopedia.com)
Physical activity is defined as any movement that spends energy. (encyclopedia.com)
Exercise is a subset of physical activity, but it is an activity that is structured and planned. (encyclopedia.com)
While many children engage in physical activity, usually by playing with their friends, the amount of physical activity they get as they grow into adolescents usually declines. (encyclopedia.com)
The best way to keep physical activity and exercise a permanent part of one's life is to make it fun and enjoyable. (encyclopedia.com)
If people are given different options of what they can do and have easy access to those options, they are more likely to participate in physical activity and exercise. (encyclopedia.com)
It's also helpful if people are knowledgeable about the rewards of physical activity and exercise. (encyclopedia.com)
This chapter will outline how physical activity and exercise benefit both the body and the mind in numerous ways. (encyclopedia.com)
It is a known fact that adding regular physical activity to one's daily routine will improve health and well-being. (encyclopedia.com)
And that physical activity doesn't necessarily need to be strenuous for a person to enjoy benefits to health. (encyclopedia.com)
Of course, by increasing the amount of physical activity (within reason), one will increase the amount of health benefits. (encyclopedia.com)
One of the most important benefits of physical activity is that it actually lessens a person's risk of developing or dying from many of the most common causes of serious illness and death in the United States . (encyclopedia.com)
The risk of developing colon cancer, heart disease , high blood pressure , and diabetes is reduced through regular physical activity. (encyclopedia.com)
Furthermore, regular physical activity reduces the overall risk of dying prematurely from any cause. (encyclopedia.com)
For terrestrial animals, physical activity includes climbing and hunting. (ofc-vet-2.com)
Despite this activity play a potential y major role in physical activity for overweight or issue, some have operationalized contributing to the obesity epidemic obese adults to improve their health, the definition of weight maintenance that currently affects both developed and 200-300 minutes per week for as a change of 5 lb ( 2.3 kg) [4] and developing countries. (who.int)
In 2002, the Institute of This chapter discusses whether loss, and for prevention of weight Medicine of the National Academies physical activity is effective for pre- regain after weight loss. (who.int)
This chapter physical activity as part of weight gain [2]. (who.int)
The World Health Organization STEPS instrument for noncommunicable disease risk factor surveillance was used to determine the prevalence of smoking, fruit/vegetable consumption, overweight/obesity, physical activity, diabetes and hypertension. (who.int)
Smoking, insufficient fruit/vegetable consumption, low physical activity and diabetes were reported by 43.4%, 92.2%, 98.4% and 8.7% of the sample respectively. (who.int)
A significantly higher proportion of men smoked, engaged in less physical activity, had diabetes and had multiple risk factors. (who.int)
The Nervous System and Exercise to Improve Social Cognition A new review sheds light on the role of the nervous system in the ability of physical activity and exercise to improve social cognition. (medscape.com)

In fact, many researchers believe that physical inactivity is a national health problem that can increase the risk of illness and disease. (encyclopedia.com)
Guidance on self-care interventions aimed at four shared risk factors - tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diets and the harmful use of alcohol are addressed in the 2008-2013 action plan for the global strategy for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases. (bvsalud.org)
This migration has led to the emergence physical inactivity (5.5%), overweight and obesity (4.8%), of many slum areas in Cairo, which are characterized by a limited supply of many of the essential services. (who.int)
The increasing vulnerability especially increased body weight, physical inactivity, and of this deprived population to cardiovascular disease low fruit and vegetable consumption. (who.int)

Without sufficiently powered trials measuring clinically important outcomes, such as subjective assessment of urinary incontinence, we cannot draw robust conclusions about the overall effectiveness or cost-effectiveness of electrical stimulation for stress urinary incontinence in women. (cochrane.org)

The physical and emotional benefits of horseback riding have been known for several hundred years. (sire-htec.org)

Sessions of cerebellum stimulation are prescribed to patients with above mentioned problems. (hypoxia.clinic)

Electrical stimulation modes use different types of currents to stimulate various nerves in many different ways. (flowersphysicaltherapy.com)
Electrical stimulation contains a variety of different modes to stimulate the nerves in different ways. (renewphysiotherapy.com)
The drugs are called ovarian stimulation drugs and if they stimulate the ovaries too much, then the ovaries react by becoming very swollen. (sharedjourney.com)

high voltage stimulation, which is used to heal wounds, other than reduce pain and improve circulation, and Interferential Current or IFC, which moves currents easily and adjusts it according to target affected areas. (backandbodyny.com)
Bio-mechanical stimulation can be utilized to treat stiff joints or reduce inflammation. (instructure.com)

This two-phase stimulation acts as a passive workout that delivers the benefits of exercise without putting physical strain on the patient. (motusspt.com)

In the workplace, it has been used to assess the physical demands imposed on workers by various work methods, workplace layouts, and tool designs. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy43

Organisms13

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs54

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment58

Psychiatry and Psychology12

Phenomena and Processes62

Disciplines and Occupations4

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena13

Humanities1

Information Science5

Named Groups2

Health Care29

Geographicals1

Neural changes after operant conditioning of the aerial respiratory behavior in Lymnaea stagnalis. (1/3436)

Response of hippocampal synapses to natural stimulation patterns. (2/3436)

Mechanical stimulation of starfish sperm flagella. (3/3436)

Electrophysiological evidence for tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channels in slowly conducting dural sensory fibers. (4/3436)

Cardiovascular and neuronal responses to head stimulation reflect central sensitization and cutaneous allodynia in a rat model of migraine. (5/3436)

Physiological properties of raphe magnus neurons during sleep and waking. (6/3436)

Varying the degree of single-whisker stimulation differentially affects phases of intrinsic signals in rat barrel cortex. (7/3436)

Central autonomic activation by intracisternal TRH analogue excites gastric splanchnic afferent neurons. (8/3436)

Physical Stimulation

Electric Stimulation

Electric Stimulation Therapy

Physical Fitness

Stimulation, Chemical

Deep Brain Stimulation

Motor Activity

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Physical Therapy Modalities

Exercise

Time Factors

Cells, Cultured

Physical Exertion

Physical Education and Training

Physical Examination

Physical Therapy Specialty

Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation

Signal Transduction

Calcium

Questionnaires

Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Cats

Cell Line

Muscle Contraction

Photic Stimulation

Kinetics

Phosphorylation

Electrodes, Implanted

Action Potentials

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug

Enzyme Activation

Vagus Nerve

Acoustic Stimulation

Physical Chromosome Mapping

Evoked Potentials

RNA, Messenger

Neurons

Sedentary Lifestyle

Muscle, Skeletal

Lymphocyte Activation

Evoked Potentials, Motor

Molecular Sequence Data

Analysis of Variance

Rats, Wistar

Electromyography

Isoproterenol

Quality of Life

Cyclic AMP

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Reflex

Cross-Sectional Studies

Norepinephrine

Walking

Atropine

Electrophysiology

Synaptic Transmission

Health Status

Motor Cortex

Sympathetic Nervous System

Gene Expression Regulation

Afferent Pathways

Activities of Daily Living

Subthalamic Nucleus

Physical Therapists

Dogs

Exercise Therapy

Rabbits

Health Behavior

Guinea Pigs

Pain

Physical Endurance

Neural Inhibition

Self Stimulation

Electrodes

Life Style

Models, Biological

Recreation

Enzyme Inhibitors

Rats, Inbred Strains

Neurons, Afferent