AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
PhotosynthesisPlant LeavesChlorophyllCarbon DioxideLightRibulose-Bisphosphate CarboxylaseFlaveriaPlant TranspirationPlant StomataCyanobacteriaPhotosystem II Protein ComplexChloroplastsPhotosynthetic Reaction Center Complex ProteinsCarbonMesophyll CellsAcclimatizationDiuronPhosphoenolpyruvate CarboxylaseRibulosephosphatesPlant ProteinsBiomassThylakoidsNitrogenLight-Harvesting Protein ComplexesPlantsElectron TransportGene Expression Regulation, PlantWaterPlant Physiological PhenomenaCarbon CycleRhodobacter sphaeroidesDroughtsChenopodiaceaePyruvate, Orthophosphate DikinaseSynechocystisPhotosystem I Protein ComplexBacteriochlorophyllsDarknessPlastidsPoaceaeAutotrophic ProcessesEarth (Planet)Solar EnergyArabidopsisCrassulaceaeCell RespirationPlants, Genetically ModifiedOxygenEukaryotaChlorophytaPlant StemsAmaranthaceaeFluorescenceCarbohydrate MetabolismCleomeChlamydomonas reinhardtiiSunlightPigments, BiologicalDiatomsSeedlingStarchSynechococcusCuscutaAtmosphereCytochromes fRhodobacter capsulatusPlant ShootsTobaccoGenes, PlantOxidation-ReductionCarotenoidsCrops, AgriculturalZea maysOryza sativaMicroalgaeChloroplast Proton-Translocating ATPasesEucalyptusAnthozoaPhototrophic ProcessesMolecular Sequence DataArabidopsis ProteinsCytochrome b6f ComplexModels, BiologicalMikaniaPlant EpidermisPlant DevelopmentPlant RootsAngiospermsAlgal ProteinsTemperaturePhylogenyVitisLichensPlastoquinoneNitrogen FixationCarbon IsotopesDroseraceaeCyperaceaePentanesXanthophylls
Photosynthesis
The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds. Photosynthesis comprises two separate processes: the light reactions and the dark reactions. In higher plants; GREEN ALGAE; and CYANOBACTERIA; NADPH and ATP formed by the light reactions drive the dark reactions which result in the fixation of carbon dioxide. (from Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2001)
Plant Leaves
Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)
Chlorophyll
Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.
Carbon Dioxide
A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.
Light
That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared range.
Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase
A carboxy-lyase that plays a key role in photosynthetic carbon assimilation in the CALVIN-BENSON CYCLE by catalyzing the formation of 3-phosphoglycerate from ribulose 1,5-biphosphate and CARBON DIOXIDE. It can also utilize OXYGEN as a substrate to catalyze the synthesis of 2-phosphoglycolate and 3-phosphoglycerate in a process referred to as photorespiration.
Flaveria
A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that is used for experiments in molecular genetic studies in plant physiology and development.
Plant Transpiration
The loss of water vapor by plants to the atmosphere. It occurs mainly from the leaves through pores (stomata) whose primary function is gas exchange. The water is replaced by a continuous column of water moving upwards from the roots within the xylem vessels. (Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
Plant Stomata
Closable openings in the epidermis of plants on the underside of leaves. They allow the exchange of gases between the internal tissues of the plant and the outside atmosphere.
Cyanobacteria
A phylum of oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria comprised of unicellular to multicellular bacteria possessing CHLOROPHYLL a and carrying out oxygenic PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Cyanobacteria are the only known organisms capable of fixing both CARBON DIOXIDE (in the presence of light) and NITROGEN. Cell morphology can include nitrogen-fixing heterocysts and/or resting cells called akinetes. Formerly called blue-green algae, cyanobacteria were traditionally treated as ALGAE.
Photosystem II Protein Complex
A large multisubunit protein complex found in the THYLAKOID MEMBRANE. It uses light energy derived from LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES to catalyze the splitting of WATER into DIOXYGEN and of reducing equivalents of HYDROGEN.
Chloroplasts
Plant cell inclusion bodies that contain the photosynthetic pigment CHLOROPHYLL, which is associated with the membrane of THYLAKOIDS. Chloroplasts occur in cells of leaves and young stems of plants. They are also found in some forms of PHYTOPLANKTON such as HAPTOPHYTA; DINOFLAGELLATES; DIATOMS; and CRYPTOPHYTA.
Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins
Protein complexes that take part in the process of PHOTOSYNTHESIS. They are located within the THYLAKOID MEMBRANES of plant CHLOROPLASTS and a variety of structures in more primitive organisms. There are two major complexes involved in the photosynthetic process called PHOTOSYSTEM I and PHOTOSYSTEM II.
Carbon
A nonmetallic element with atomic symbol C, atomic number 6, and atomic weight [12.0096; 12.0116]. It may occur as several different allotropes including DIAMOND; CHARCOAL; and GRAPHITE; and as SOOT from incompletely burned fuel.
Mesophyll Cells
Large and highly vacuolated cells possessing many chloroplasts occuring in the interior cross-section of leaves, juxtaposed between the epidermal layers.
Acclimatization
Adaptation to a new environment or to a change in the old.
Diuron
A pre-emergent herbicide.
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase
An enzyme with high affinity for carbon dioxide. It catalyzes irreversibly the formation of oxaloacetate from phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide. This fixation of carbon dioxide in several bacteria and some plants is the first step in the biosynthesis of glucose. EC 4.1.1.31.
Ribulosephosphates
Ribulose substituted by one or more phosphoric acid moieties.
Plant Proteins
Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which VEGETABLE PROTEINS is available.
Biomass
Total mass of all the organisms of a given type and/or in a given area. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990) It includes the yield of vegetative mass produced from any given crop.
Thylakoids
Membranous cisternae of the CHLOROPLAST containing photosynthetic pigments, reaction centers, and the electron-transport chain. Each thylakoid consists of a flattened sac of membrane enclosing a narrow intra-thylakoid space (Lackie and Dow, Dictionary of Cell Biology, 2nd ed). Individual thylakoids are interconnected and tend to stack to form aggregates called grana. They are found in cyanobacteria and all plants.
Nitrogen
An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.
Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes
Complexes containing CHLOROPHYLL and other photosensitive molecules. They serve to capture energy in the form of PHOTONS and are generally found as components of the PHOTOSYSTEM I PROTEIN COMPLEX or the PHOTOSYSTEM II PROTEIN COMPLEX.
Plants
Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.
Electron Transport
The process by which ELECTRONS are transported from a reduced substrate to molecular OXYGEN. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984, p270)
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in plants.
Water
A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Plant Physiological Phenomena
The physiological processes, properties, and states characteristic of plants.
Carbon Cycle
The cycle by which the element carbon is exchanged between organic matter and the earth's physical environment.
Rhodobacter sphaeroides
Spherical phototrophic bacteria found in mud and stagnant water exposed to light.
Droughts
Prolonged dry periods in natural climate cycle. They are slow-onset phenomena caused by rainfall deficit combined with other predisposing factors.
Chenopodiaceae
The goosefoot plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida. It includes beets and chard (BETA VULGARIS), as well as SPINACH, and salt tolerant plants.
Pyruvate, Orthophosphate Dikinase
An enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of ATP, pyruvate, and orthophosphate to form AMP plus phosphoenolpyruvate plus pyrophosphate. EC 2.7.9.1.
Synechocystis
A form-genus of unicellular CYANOBACTERIA in the order Chroococcales. None of the strains fix NITROGEN, there are no gas vacuoles, and sheath layers are never produced.
Photosystem I Protein Complex
A large multisubunit protein complex that is found in the THYLAKOID MEMBRANE. It uses light energy derived from LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES to drive electron transfer reactions that result in either the reduction of NADP to NADPH or the transport of PROTONS across the membrane.
Bacteriochlorophylls
Pyrrole containing pigments found in photosynthetic bacteria.
Darkness
The absence of light.
Plastids
Self-replicating cytoplasmic organelles of plant and algal cells that contain pigments and may synthesize and accumulate various substances. PLASTID GENOMES are used in phylogenetic studies.
Poaceae
A large family of narrow-leaved herbaceous grasses of the order Cyperales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Food grains (EDIBLE GRAIN) come from members of this family. RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL can be induced by POLLEN of many of the grasses.
Autotrophic Processes
The processes by which organisms use simple inorganic substances such as gaseous or dissolved carbon dioxide and inorganic nitrogen as nutrient sources. Contrasts with heterotrophic processes which make use of organic materials as the nutrient supply source. Autotrophs can be either chemoautotrophs (or chemolithotrophs), largely ARCHAEA and BACTERIA, which also use simple inorganic substances for their metabolic energy reguirements; or photoautotrophs (or photolithotrophs), such as PLANTS and CYANOBACTERIA, which derive their energy from light. Depending on environmental conditions some organisms can switch between different nutritional modes (autotrophy; HETEROTROPHY; chemotrophy; or PHOTOTROPHY) to utilize different sources to meet their nutrient and energy requirements.
Earth (Planet)
Planet that is the third in order from the sun. It is one of the four inner or terrestrial planets of the SOLAR SYSTEM.
Solar Energy
Energy transmitted from the sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation.
Arabidopsis
A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that contains ARABIDOPSIS PROTEINS and MADS DOMAIN PROTEINS. The species A. thaliana is used for experiments in classical plant genetics as well as molecular genetic studies in plant physiology, biochemistry, and development.
Crassulaceae
The stonecrop plant family of the order ROSALES, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida that grow in warm, dry regions. The leaves are thick. The flower clusters are red, yellow, or white.
Cell Respiration
The metabolic process of all living cells (animal and plant) in which oxygen is used to provide a source of energy for the cell.
Plants, Genetically Modified
PLANTS, or their progeny, whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING.
Oxygen
An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.
Eukaryota
One of the three domains of life (the others being BACTERIA and ARCHAEA), also called Eukarya. These are organisms whose cells are enclosed in membranes and possess a nucleus. They comprise almost all multicellular and many unicellular organisms, and are traditionally divided into groups (sometimes called kingdoms) including ANIMALS; PLANTS; FUNGI; and various algae and other taxa that were previously part of the old kingdom Protista.
Chlorophyta
A phylum of photosynthetic EUKARYOTA bearing double membrane-bound plastids containing chlorophyll a and b. They comprise the classical green algae, and represent over 7000 species that live in a variety of primarily aquatic habitats. Only about ten percent are marine species, most live in freshwater.
Plant Stems
Parts of plants that usually grow vertically upwards towards the light and support the leaves, buds, and reproductive structures. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
Amaranthaceae
A family of flowering plants in the order Caryophyllales, with about 60 genera and more than 800 species of plants, with a few shrubs, trees, and vines. The leaves usually have nonindented edges.
Fluorescence
The property of emitting radiation while being irradiated. The radiation emitted is usually of longer wavelength than that incident or absorbed, e.g., a substance can be irradiated with invisible radiation and emit visible light. X-ray fluorescence is used in diagnosis.
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Cellular processes in biosynthesis (anabolism) and degradation (catabolism) of CARBOHYDRATES.
Cleome
A plant genus of the family CAPPARACEAE that contains cleogynol and 15alpha-acetoxycleomblynol (dammaranes) and 1-epibrachyacarpone (a triterpene), and ISOTHIOCYANATES.
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
A species of GREEN ALGAE. Delicate, hairlike appendages arise from the flagellar surface in these organisms.
Sunlight
Irradiation directly from the sun.
Pigments, Biological
Any normal or abnormal coloring matter in PLANTS; ANIMALS or micro-organisms.
Diatoms
The common name for the phylum of microscopic unicellular STRAMENOPILES. Most are aquatic, being found in fresh, brackish, and salt water. Diatoms are noted for the symmetry and sculpturing of their siliceous cell walls. They account for 40% of PHYTOPLANKTON, but not all diatoms are planktonic.
Seedling
Very young plant after GERMINATION of SEEDS.
Starch
Any of a group of polysaccharides of the general formula (C6-H10-O5)n, composed of a long-chain polymer of glucose in the form of amylose and amylopectin. It is the chief storage form of energy reserve (carbohydrates) in plants.
Synechococcus
A form-genus of spherical to rod-shaped CYANOBACTERIA in the order Chroococcales. They contain THYLAKOIDS and are found in a wide range of habitats.
Cuscuta
A plant genus of the family Cuscutaceae. It is a threadlike climbing parasitic plant that is used in DRUGS, CHINESE HERBAL.
Atmosphere
The gaseous envelope surrounding a planet or similar body. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)
Cytochromes f
Cytochromes f are found as components of the CYTOCHROME B6F COMPLEX. They play important role in the transfer of electrons from PHOTOSYSTEM I to PHOTOSYSTEM II.
Rhodobacter capsulatus
Non-pathogenic ovoid to rod-shaped bacteria that are widely distributed and found in fresh water as well as marine and hypersaline habitats.
Plant Shoots
New immature growth of a plant including stem, leaves, tips of branches, and SEEDLINGS.
Tobacco
A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain NICOTINE and other biologically active chemicals; its dried leaves are used for SMOKING.
Genes, Plant
The functional hereditary units of PLANTS.
Oxidation-Reduction
A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).
Carotenoids
The general name for a group of fat-soluble pigments found in green, yellow, and leafy vegetables, and yellow fruits. They are aliphatic hydrocarbons consisting of a polyisoprene backbone.
Crops, Agricultural
Cultivated plants or agricultural produce such as grain, vegetables, or fruit. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982)
Zea mays
A plant species of the family POACEAE. It is a tall grass grown for its EDIBLE GRAIN, corn, used as food and animal FODDER.
Oryza sativa
Annual cereal grass of the family POACEAE and its edible starchy grain, rice, which is the staple food of roughly one-half of the world's population.
Microalgae
A non-taxonomic term for unicellular microscopic algae which are found in both freshwater and marine environments. Some authors consider DIATOMS; CYANOBACTERIA; HAPTOPHYTA; and DINOFLAGELLATES as part of microalgae, even though they are not algae.
Chloroplast Proton-Translocating ATPases
Proton-translocating ATPases which produce ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE in plants. They derive energy from light-driven reactions that develop high concentrations of protons within the membranous cisternae (THYLAKOIDS) of the CHLOROPLASTS.
Eucalyptus
A genus of trees of the Myrtaceae family, native to Australia, that yields gums, oils, and resins which are used as flavoring agents, astringents, and aromatics.
Anthozoa
A class in the phylum CNIDARIA, comprised mostly of corals and anemones. All members occur only as polyps; the medusa stage is completely absent.
Phototrophic Processes
Processes by which phototrophic organisms use sunlight as their primary energy source. Contrasts with chemotrophic processes which do not depend on light and function in deriving energy from exogenous chemical sources. Photoautotrophy (or photolithotrophy) is the ability to use sunlight as energy to fix inorganic nutrients to be used for other organic requirements. Photoautotrophs include all GREEN PLANTS; GREEN ALGAE; CYANOBACTERIA; and green and PURPLE SULFUR BACTERIA. Photoheterotrophs or photoorganotrophs require a supply of organic nutrients for their organic requirements but use sunlight as their primary energy source; examples include certain PURPLE NONSULFUR BACTERIA. Depending on environmental conditions some organisms can switch between different nutritional modes (AUTOTROPHY; HETEROTROPHY; chemotrophy; or phototrophy) to utilize different sources to meet their nutrients and energy requirements.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Arabidopsis Proteins
Proteins that originate from plants species belonging to the genus ARABIDOPSIS. The most intensely studied species of Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis thaliana, is commonly used in laboratory experiments.
Cytochrome b6f Complex
A protein complex that includes CYTOCHROME B6 and CYTOCHROME F. It is found in the THYLAKOID MEMBRANE and plays an important role in process of PHOTOSYNTHESIS by transferring electrons from PLASTOQUINONE to PLASTOCYANIN or CYTOCHROME C6. The transfer of electrons is coupled to the transport of PROTONS across the membrane.
Models, Biological
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.
Mikania
A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain scandenolide (a sesquiterpene lactone) and germacranolides.
Plant Epidermis
A thin layer of cells forming the outer integument of seed plants and ferns. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)
Plant Development
Processes orchestrated or driven by a plethora of genes, plant hormones, and inherent biological timing mechanisms facilitated by secondary molecules, which result in the systematic transformation of plants and plant parts, from one stage of maturity to another.
Plant Roots
The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
Angiosperms
Members of the group of vascular plants which bear flowers. They are differentiated from GYMNOSPERMS by their production of seeds within a closed chamber (OVARY, PLANT). The Angiosperms division is composed of two classes, the monocotyledons (Liliopsida) and dicotyledons (Magnoliopsida). Angiosperms represent approximately 80% of all known living plants.
Algal Proteins
Proteins found in any species of algae.
Temperature
The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.
Phylogeny
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
Vitis
A plant genus in the family VITACEAE, order Rhamnales, subclass Rosidae. It is a woody vine cultivated worldwide. It is best known for grapes, the edible fruit and used to make WINE and raisins.
Lichens
Any of a group of plants formed by a symbiotic combination of a fungus with an algae or CYANOBACTERIA, and sometimes both. The fungal component makes up the bulk of the lichen and forms the basis for its name.
Plastoquinone
Polyunsaturated side-chain quinone derivative which is an important link in the electron transport chain of green plants during the photosynthetic conversion of light energy by photophosphorylation into the potential energy of chemical bonds.
Nitrogen Fixation
The process in certain BACTERIA; FUNGI; and CYANOBACTERIA converting free atmospheric NITROGEN to biologically usable forms of nitrogen, such as AMMONIA; NITRATES; and amino compounds.
Carbon Isotopes
Stable carbon atoms that have the same atomic number as the element carbon, but differ in atomic weight. C-13 is a stable carbon isotope.
Droseraceae
A plant family of the order Nepenthales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida, notable for leaves with sticky gland-tipped hairs that entrap insects.
Cyperaceae
The sedge plant family of the order Cyperales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
Pentanes
Five-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives.
Xanthophylls
Oxygenated forms of carotenoids. They are usually derived from alpha and beta carotene.
Spinacia oleracea
A widely cultivated plant, native to Asia, having succulent, edible leaves eaten as a vegetable. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982)
Ecosystem
A functional system which includes the organisms of a natural community together with their environment. (McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Adaptation, Physiological
The non-genetic biological changes of an organism in response to challenges in its ENVIRONMENT.
Symbiosis
The relationship between two different species of organisms that are interdependent; each gains benefits from the other or a relationship between different species where both of the organisms in question benefit from the presence of the other.
Bacterial Proteins
Proteins found in any species of bacterium.
Setaria Plant
A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The small pointed seeds are grown for hay in North America and western Europe and important as food in China and other Asian countries.
Juglans
A plant genus of the family JUGLANDACEAE that provides the familiar walnut.
Chlorobi
A phylum of anoxygenic, phototrophic bacteria including the family Chlorobiaceae. They occur in aquatic sediments, sulfur springs, and hot springs and utilize reduced sulfur compounds instead of oxygen.
Heterotrophic Processes
The processes by which organisms utilize organic substances as their nutrient sources. Contrasts with AUTOTROPHIC PROCESSES which make use of simple inorganic substances as the nutrient supply source. Heterotrophs can be either chemoheterotrophs (or chemoorganotrophs) which also require organic substances such as glucose for their primary metabolic energy requirements, or photoheterotrophs (or photoorganotrophs) which derive their primary energy requirements from light. Depending on environmental conditions some organisms can switch between different nutritional modes (AUTOTROPHY; heterotrophy; chemotrophy; or PHOTOTROPHY) to utilize different sources to meet their nutrients and energy requirements.
Dehydration
The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism.
Tetrapyrroles
Four PYRROLES joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one to position 5 of the next. The conjugated bond system results in PIGMENTATION.
Dinoflagellida
Flagellate EUKARYOTES, found mainly in the oceans. They are characterized by the presence of transverse and longitudinal flagella which propel the organisms in a rotating manner through the water. Dinoflagellida were formerly members of the class Phytomastigophorea under the old five kingdom paradigm.
Ascorbate Peroxidases
Peroxidases that utilize ASCORBIC ACID as an electron donor to reduce HYDROGEN PEROXIDE to WATER. The reaction results in the production of monodehydroascorbic acid and DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID.
Energy Transfer
The transfer of energy of a given form among different scales of motion. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed). It includes the transfer of kinetic energy and the transfer of chemical energy. The transfer of chemical energy from one molecule to another depends on proximity of molecules so it is often used as in techniques to measure distance such as the use of FORSTER RESONANCE ENERGY TRANSFER.
Rhodophyta
Plants of the division Rhodophyta, commonly known as red algae, in which the red pigment (PHYCOERYTHRIN) predominates. However, if this pigment is destroyed, the algae can appear purple, brown, green, or yellow. Two important substances found in the cell walls of red algae are AGAR and CARRAGEENAN. Some rhodophyta are notable SEAWEED (macroalgae).
Genome, Plastid
The genetic complement of PLASTIDS as represented in their DNA.
Aerobiosis
Life or metabolic reactions occurring in an environment containing oxygen.
Phycobilisomes
Light energy harvesting structures attached to the THYLAKOID MEMBRANES of CYANOBACTERIA and RED ALGAE. These multiprotein complexes contain pigments (PHYCOBILIPROTEINS) that transfer light energy to chlorophyll a.
Biological Evolution
The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.
Seawater
The salinated water of OCEANS AND SEAS that provides habitat for marine organisms.
Paspalum
A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is used for forage.
Cold Temperature
An absence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably below an accustomed norm.
Chloroplast Proteins
Proteins encoded by the CHLOROPLAST GENOME or proteins encoded by the nuclear genome that are imported to and resident in the CHOROPLASTS.
Geology
The science of the earth and other celestial bodies and their history as recorded in the rocks. It includes the study of geologic processes of an area such as rock formations, weathering and erosion, and sedimentation. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Cynara
A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE.
Populus
A plant genus of the family SALICACEAE. Balm of Gilead is a common name used for P. candicans, or P. gileadensis, or P. jackii, and sometimes also used for ABIES BALSAMEA or for COMMIPHORA.
Botany
The study of the origin, structure, development, growth, function, genetics, and reproduction of plants.
Geological Phenomena
The inanimate matter of Earth, the structures and properties of this matter, and the processes that affect it.
Acer
A plant genus of the family ACERACEAE, best known for trees with palmately lobed leaves.
Helianthus
A genus herbs of the Asteraceae family. The SEEDS yield oil and are used as food and animal feed; the roots of Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem artichoke) are edible.
Trees
Woody, usually tall, perennial higher plants (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, and some Pterophyta) having usually a main stem and numerous branches.
Phycocyanin
The metal-free blue phycobilin pigment in a conjugated chromoprotein of blue-green algae. It functions as light-absorbing substance together with chlorophylls.
Galactolipids
A group of GLYCOLIPIDS in which the sugar group is GALACTOSE. They are distinguished from GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in lacking nitrogen. They constitute the majority of MEMBRANE LIPIDS in PLANTS.
Soil
The unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants.
Mesembryanthemum
A plant genus of the family AIZOACEAE. It is a native of Africa and widely planted for erosion control to stabilize soil along roadsides and beaches.
Lycopersicon esculentum
A plant species of the family SOLANACEAE, native of South America, widely cultivated for their edible, fleshy, usually red fruit.
Hydrocharitaceae
A plant family of the order Hydrocharitales, subclass ALISMATIDAE, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons).
Thylakoid Membrane Proteins
Proteins found within the THYLAKOID MEMBRANES of photosynthetic organisms such as PLANTS and PHYTOPLANKTON. Many of the proteins in this class are involved in the process of PHOTOSYNTHESIS and the generation of ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE.
Mustard Plant
Any of several BRASSICA species that are commonly called mustard. Brassica alba is white mustard, B. juncea is brown or Chinese mustard, and B. nigra is black, brown, or red mustard. The plant is grown both for mustard seed from which oil is extracted or used as SPICES, and for its greens used as VEGETABLES or ANIMAL FEED. There is no relationship to MUSTARD COMPOUNDS.
Dibromothymoquinone
At low concentrations, this compound inhibits reduction of conventional hydrophilic electron acceptors, probably acting as a plastoquinone antagonist. At higher concentrations, it acts as an electron acceptor, intercepting electrons either before or at the site of its inhibitory activity.
Rhodospirillum
A genus of gram-negative, spiral bacteria that possesses internal photosynthetic membranes. Its organisms divide by binary fission, are motile by means of polar flagella, and are found in aquatic environments.
Malate Dehydrogenase
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of (S)-malate and NAD+ to oxaloacetate and NADH. EC 1.1.1.37.
Cyanothece
A form-genus of unicellular coccoid to rod-shaped CYANOBACTERIA, in the order Chroococcales. Three different clusters of strains from diverse habitats are included.
Glycine Dehydrogenase (Decarboxylating)
A PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE dependent enzyme that catalyzes the decarboxylation of GLYCINE with the transfer of an aminomethyl group to the LIPOIC ACID moiety of the GLYCINE DECARBOXYLASE COMPLEX H-PROTEIN. Defects in P-protein are the cause of non-ketotic hyperglycinemia. It is one of four subunits of the glycine decarboxylase complex.
Glyceric Acids
Sucrose
A nonreducing disaccharide composed of GLUCOSE and FRUCTOSE linked via their anomeric carbons. It is obtained commercially from SUGARCANE, sugar beet (BETA VULGARIS), and other plants and used extensively as a food and a sweetener.
Plastocyanin
A copper-containing plant protein that is a fundamental link in the electron transport chain of green plants during the photosynthetic conversion of light energy by photophosphorylation into the potential energy of chemical bonds.
Carbonic Anhydrases
A family of zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They play an important role in the transport of CARBON DIOXIDE from the tissues to the LUNG. EC 4.2.1.1.
Ageratina
A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. The common name of snakeroot is also used for POLYGALA; SANICULA; ARISTOLOCHIA and others.
Aizoaceae
A plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida.
Amaranthus
A plant genus, in the family AMARANTHACEAE, best known as a source of high-protein grain crops and of Red Dye No. 2 (AMARANTH DYE). Tumbleweed sometimes refers to Amaranthus but more often refers to SALSOLA.
Quercus
A plant genus of the family FAGACEAE that is a source of TANNINS. Do not confuse with Holly (ILEX).
Plant Vascular Bundle
A strand of primary conductive plant tissue consisting essentially of XYLEM, PHLOEM, and CAMBIUM.
Salinity
Degree of saltiness, which is largely the OSMOLAR CONCENTRATION of SODIUM CHLORIDE plus any other SALTS present. It is an ecological factor of considerable importance, influencing the types of organisms that live in an ENVIRONMENT.
Floods
Sudden onset water phenomena with different speed of occurrence. These include flash floods, seasonal river floods, and coastal floods, associated with CYCLONIC STORMS; TIDALWAVES; and storm surges.
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.
Mutation
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
Prochlorococcus
A genus of marine planktonic CYANOBACTERIA in the order PROCHLOROPHYTES. They lack PHYCOBILISOMES and contain divinyl CHLOROPHYLL, a and b.
Stress, Physiological
The unfavorable effect of environmental factors (stressors) on the physiological functions of an organism. Prolonged unresolved physiological stress can affect HOMEOSTASIS of the organism, and may lead to damaging or pathological conditions.
Pastinaca
A plant genus of the family APIACEAE. The roots are used as food.
Pheophytins
Chlorophylls from which the magnesium has been removed by treatment with weak acid.
Gases
The vapor state of matter; nonelastic fluids in which the molecules are in free movement and their mean positions far apart. Gases tend to expand indefinitely, to diffuse and mix readily with other gases, to have definite relations of volume, temperature, and pressure, and to condense or liquefy at low temperatures or under sufficient pressure. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Amino Acid Sequence
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Solanum melongena
A plant species of the genus SOLANUM, family SOLANACEAE. The fruit is a large, egg-shaped berry, varying in color from dark purple to red, yellowish, or white. The leaves are large and ovate. The flowers are pendant, violet, and two inches across.
Portulacaceae
A plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida. There are no true petals; each flower has two to six sepals. They produce betacyanin and betaxanthin pigments and lack anthocyanins.
Singlet Oxygen
An excited state of molecular oxygen generated photochemically or chemically. Singlet oxygen reacts with a variety of biological molecules such as NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS; causing oxidative damages.
Kinetics
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Hemiterpenes
The five-carbon building blocks of TERPENES that derive from MEVALONIC ACID or deoxyxylulose phosphate.
Fagus
A plant genus of the family FAGACEAE.
Rhodopseudomonas
A genus of gram-negative, rod-shaped, phototrophic bacteria found in aquatic environments. Internal photosynthetic membranes are present as lamellae underlying the cytoplasmic membrane.
Malate Dehydrogenase (NADP+)
Antisense Elements (Genetics)
Nucleic acids which hybridize to complementary sequences in other target nucleic acids causing the function of the latter to be affected.
Malates
Proteaceae
A plant family of the order Proteales, subclass Rosidae class Magnoliopsida. Cluster roots, bottlebrush-like clusters of rootlets which form in response to poor soil, are common in this family.
Vicia faba
A plant species of the genus VICIA, family FABACEAE. The edible beans are well known but they cause FAVISM in some individuals with GLUCOSEPHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY. This plant contains vicine, convicine, Vicia lectins, unknown seed protein, AAP2 transport protein, and Vicia faba DNA-binding protein 1.
Acetylene
Plants, Toxic
Plants or plant parts which are harmful to man or other animals.
Etiolation
Physical changes in the growth patterns of a plant brought on by sustained absence of light. These changes are characterized by lengthened internodes which produce long weak stems, fewer leaves, and pale yellow color (chlorosis). The physiological basis for etiolation is induction of the phytohormone, AUXIN.
Alocasia
A plant genus of the family ARACEAE. Members contain beta-glucosidases and trypsin inhibitors.
Salt-Tolerant Plants
Plants that can grow well in soils that have a high SALINITY.
Peas
A variable annual leguminous vine (Pisum sativum) that is cultivated for its rounded smooth or wrinkled edible protein-rich seeds, the seed of the pea, and the immature pods with their included seeds. (From Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary, 1973)
Herbicides
Pesticides used to destroy unwanted vegetation, especially various types of weeds, grasses (POACEAE), and woody plants. Some plants develop HERBICIDE RESISTANCE.
Seasons
Divisions of the year according to some regularly recurrent phenomena usually astronomical or climatic. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Clusia
A plant genus of the family CLUSIACEAE. Members contain benzophenones.
Circadian Rhythm
The regular recurrence, in cycles of about 24 hours, of biological processes or activities, such as sensitivity to drugs and stimuli, hormone secretion, sleeping, and feeding.
Electrons
Stable elementary particles having the smallest known negative charge, present in all elements; also called negatrons. Positively charged electrons are called positrons. The numbers, energies and arrangement of electrons around atomic nuclei determine the chemical identities of elements. Beams of electrons are called CATHODE RAYS.
Prunus
A plant genus in the family ROSACEAE, order Rosales, subclass Rosidae. It is best known as a source of edible fruits such as apricot, plum, peach, cherry, and almond.
Transcriptome
The pattern of GENE EXPRESSION at the level of genetic transcription in a specific organism or under specific circumstances in specific cells.
Evolution, Molecular
The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.
Plant Cells
Basic functional unit of plants.
Oxidoreductases
The class of all enzymes catalyzing oxidoreduction reactions. The substrate that is oxidized is regarded as a hydrogen donor. The systematic name is based on donor:acceptor oxidoreductase. The recommended name will be dehydrogenase, wherever this is possible; as an alternative, reductase can be used. Oxidase is only used in cases where O2 is the acceptor. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p9)
Chlorophyll Binding Proteins
A large family of proteins that have been traditionally classified as the light-harvesting proteins of the photosynthetic reaction complex. Chlorophyll binding proteins are also found in non-photosynthetic settings where they may play a photoprotective role in response to light stress.
Photoperiod
The time period of daily exposure that an organism receives from daylight or artificial light. It is believed that photoperiodic responses may affect the control of energy balance and thermoregulation.
Sulfur
An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine.
Seeds
The encapsulated embryos of flowering plants. They are used as is or for animal feed because of the high content of concentrated nutrients like starches, proteins, and fats. Rapeseed, cottonseed, and sunflower seed are also produced for the oils (fats) they yield.
Genes, Bacterial
The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.
Proteobacteria
A phylum of bacteria consisting of the purple bacteria and their relatives which form a branch of the eubacterial tree. This group of predominantly gram-negative bacteria is classified based on homology of equivalent nucleotide sequences of 16S ribosomal RNA or by hybridization of ribosomal RNA or DNA with 16S and 23S ribosomal RNA.
Roseobacter
A genus of obligately aerobic marine phototrophic and chemoorganotrophic bacteria, in the family RHODOBACTERACEAE.
Chloroflexus
A genus of green nonsulfur bacteria in the family Chloroflexaceae. They are photosynthetic, thermophilic, filamentous gliding bacteria found in hot springs.
Primulaceae
A plant family of the order Primulales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. The flowers have both stamens and pistil, and the fruits are capsules.
Environment, Controlled
A state in which the environs of hospitals, laboratories, domestic and animal housing, work places, spacecraft, and other surroundings are under technological control with regard to air conditioning, heating, lighting, humidity, ventilation, and other ambient features. The concept includes control of atmospheric composition. (From Jane's Aerospace Dictionary, 3d ed)
Flowering Tops
Tops of plants when in flower, including the stems, leaves and blooms.

Role of a novel photosystem II-associated carbonic anhydrase in photosynthetic carbon assimilation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (1/4284)

Intracellular carbonic anhydrases (CA) in aquatic photosynthetic organisms are involved in the CO2-concentrating mechanism (CCM), which helps to overcome CO2 limitation in the environment. In the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, this CCM is initiated and maintained by the pH gradient created across the chloroplast thylakoid membranes by photosystem (PS) II-mediated electron transport. We show here that photosynthesis is stimulated by a novel, intracellular alpha-CA bound to the chloroplast thylakoids. It is associated with PSII on the lumenal side of the thylakoid membranes. We demonstrate that PSII in association with this lumenal CA operates to provide an ample flux of CO2 for carboxylation.  (+info)

A functional model for O-O bond formation by the O2-evolving complex in photosystem II. (2/4284)

The formation of molecular oxygen from water in photosynthesis is catalyzed by photosystem II at an active site containing four manganese ions that are arranged in di-mu-oxo dimanganese units (where mu is a bridging mode). The complex [H2O(terpy)Mn(O)2Mn(terpy)OH2](NO3)3 (terpy is 2,2':6', 2"-terpyridine), which was synthesized and structurally characterized, contains a di-mu-oxo manganese dimer and catalyzes the conversion of sodium hypochlorite to molecular oxygen. Oxygen-18 isotope labeling showed that water is the source of the oxygen atoms in the molecular oxygen evolved, and so this system is a functional model for photosynthetic water oxidation.  (+info)

Prochlorococcus, a marine photosynthetic prokaryote of global significance. (3/4284)

The minute photosynthetic prokaryote Prochlorococcus, which was discovered about 10 years ago, has proven exceptional from several standpoints. Its tiny size (0.5 to 0.7 microm in diameter) makes it the smallest known photosynthetic organism. Its ubiquity within the 40 degrees S to 40 degrees N latitudinal band of oceans and its occurrence at high density from the surface down to depths of 200 m make it presumably the most abundant photosynthetic organism on Earth. Prochlorococcus typically divides once a day in the subsurface layer of oligotrophic areas, where it dominates the photosynthetic biomass. It also possesses a remarkable pigment complement which includes divinyl derivatives of chlorophyll a (Chl a) and Chl b, the so-called Chl a2 and Chl b2, and, in some strains, small amounts of a new type of phycoerythrin. Phylogenetically, Prochlorococcus has also proven fascinating. Recent studies suggest that it evolved from an ancestral cyanobacterium by reducing its cell and genome sizes and by recruiting a protein originally synthesized under conditions of iron depletion to build a reduced antenna system as a replacement for large phycobilisomes. Environmental constraints clearly played a predominant role in Prochlorococcus evolution. Its tiny size is an advantage for its adaptation to nutrient-deprived environments. Furthermore, genetically distinct ecotypes, with different antenna systems and ecophysiological characteristics, are present at depth and in surface waters. This vertical species variation has allowed Prochlorococcus to adapt to the natural light gradient occurring in the upper layer of oceans. The present review critically assesses the basic knowledge acquired about Prochlorococcus both in the ocean and in the laboratory.  (+info)

Interpretation of the spatial charge displacements in bacteriorhodopsin in terms of structural changes during the photocycle. (4/4284)

We have recently introduced a method, made possible by an improved orienting technique using a combination of electric and magnetic fields, that allows the three-dimensional detection of the intramolecular charge displacements during the photocycle of bacteriorhodopsin. This method generates electric asymmetry, a prerequisite for the detection of electric signal on the macroscopic sample, in all three spatial dimensions. Purple membrane fragments containing bacteriorhodopsin were oriented so that their permanent electric dipole moment vectors were perpendicular to the membrane plane and pointed in the same direction. The resulting cylindrical symmetry was broken by photoselection, i. e., by flash excitation with low intensity linearly polarized light. From the measured electric signals, the three-dimensional motion of the electric charge center in the bacteriorhodopsin molecules was calculated for the first 400 microseconds. Simultaneous absorption kinetic recording provided the time-dependent concentrations of the intermediates. Combining the two sets of data, we determined the discrete dipole moments of intermediates up to M. When compared with the results of current molecular dynamics calculations, the data provided a decisive experimental test for selecting the optimal theoretical model for the proton transport and should eventually lead to a full description of the mechanism of the bacteriorhodopsin proton pump.  (+info)

Light-induced oxidation-reduction reactions of cytochromes in the green sulfur photosynthetic bacterium Prosthecochloris aesturarii. (5/4284)

The light-induced oxidation-reduction reactions of cytochromes in intact cells, starved cells, and chlorobium vesicle fractions of the green sulfur photosynthetic bacterium Prosthecochloris aesturarii were studied under anaerobic conditions. On the basis of both kinetic and spectral properties, at least three cytochrome species were found to be involved in the light-induced oxidation-reduction reactions of intact cells. These cytochromes were designated according to the positions of alpha-band maxima as C555 (rapid and slow components) and C552 (intermediate). By comparing the light-minus-dark difference spectra with the reduced-minus-oxidized difference spectra of purified cytochromes of this organism, rapid component C555 and intermediate component C552 are suggested to correspond to the purified cytochromes c-555(550) and c-551.5, respectively. Although the identity of the slow-phase component is uncertain, one possibility is that the slow phase is due to the bound form of c-555(550). In substrate-depleted (starved) cells, only one cytochrome species, C555 remained in the reduced state in the dark and oxidized upon actinic illumination. This corresponds to the rapid C555 component in intact cells. In the case of chlorobium vesicle fractions, one cytochrome species having an alpha-band maximum at 554 nm was oxidized by actinic light. The effects of several inhibitors on the absorbance changes of intact cells were studied. Antimycin A decreased the rate of the dark reduction of rapid C555 component. The complex effects of CCCP (carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone) on the oxidation-reduction reactions of cytochromes were interpreted as the results of inhibition of the electron donation to oxidized C552 and C555 (slow), and a shift of the dark steady-state redox levels of cytochromes. Based on these findings, it is suggested that the rapid C555 component is located in a cyclic electron transfer pathway. The other two cytochromes, C552 and C555 (slow), may be located in non-cyclic electron transfer pathways and receive electrons from exogenous substrates such as sodium sulfide. A tentative scheme for the electron transfer system in Prosthecochloris aestuarii is presented and its nature is discussed.  (+info)

Photosystem I is indispensable for photoautotrophic growth, CO2 fixation, and H2 photoproduction in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (6/4284)

Certain Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutants deficient in photosystem I due to defects in psaA mRNA maturation have been reported to be capable of CO2 fixation, H2 photoevolution, and photoautotrophic growth (Greenbaum, E., Lee, J. W., Tevault, C. V., Blankinship, S. L. , and Mets, L. J. (1995) Nature 376, 438-441 and Lee, J. W., Tevault, C. V., Owens, T. G.; Greenbaum, E. (1996) Science 273, 364-367). We have generated deletions of photosystem I core subunits in both wild type and these mutant strains and have analyzed their abilities to grow photoautotrophically, to fix CO2, and to photoevolve O2 or H2 (using mass spectrometry) as well as their photosystem I content (using immunological and spectroscopic analyses). We find no instance of a strain that can perform photosynthesis in the absence of photosystem I. The F8 strain harbored a small amount of photosystem I, and it could fix CO2 and grow slowly, but it lost these abilities after deletion of either psaA or psaC; these activities could be restored to the F8-psaADelta mutant by reintroduction of psaA. We observed limited O2 photoevolution in mutants lacking photosystem I; use of 18O2 indicated that this O2 evolution is coupled to O2 uptake (i.e. respiration) rather than CO2 fixation or H2 evolution. We conclude that the reported instances of CO2 fixation, H2 photoevolution, and photoautotrophic growth of photosystem I-deficient mutants result from the presence of unrecognized photosystem I.  (+info)

Acclimation of Arabidopsis leaves developing at low temperatures. Increasing cytoplasmic volume accompanies increased activities of enzymes in the Calvin cycle and in the sucrose-biosynthesis pathway. (7/4284)

Photosynthetic and metabolic acclimation to low growth temperatures were studied in Arabidopsis (Heynh.). Plants were grown at 23 degrees C and then shifted to 5 degrees C. We compared the leaves shifted to 5 degrees C for 10 d and the new leaves developed at 5 degrees C with the control leaves on plants that had been left at 23 degrees C. Leaf development at 5 degrees C resulted in the recovery of photosynthesis to rates comparable with those achieved by control leaves at 23 degrees C. There was a shift in the partitioning of carbon from starch and toward sucrose (Suc) in leaves that developed at 5 degrees C. The recovery of photosynthetic capacity and the redirection of carbon to Suc in these leaves were associated with coordinated increases in the activity of several Calvin-cycle enzymes, even larger increases in the activity of key enzymes for Suc biosynthesis, and an increase in the phosphate available for metabolism. Development of leaves at 5 degrees C also led to an increase in cytoplasmic volume and a decrease in vacuolar volume, which may provide an important mechanism for increasing the enzymes and metabolites in cold-acclimated leaves. Understanding the mechanisms underlying such structural changes during leaf development in the cold could result in novel approaches to increasing plant yield.  (+info)

The membrane-attached electron carrier cytochrome cy from Rhodobacter sphaeroides is functional in respiratory but not in photosynthetic electron transfer. (8/4284)

Rhodobacter species are useful model organisms for studying the structure and function of c type cytochromes (Cyt c), which are ubiquitous electron carriers with essential functions in cellular energy and signal transduction. Among these species, Rhodobacter capsulatus has a periplasmic Cyt c2Rc and a membrane-bound bipartite Cyt cyRc. These electron carriers participate in both respiratory and photosynthetic electron-transfer chains. On the other hand, until recently, Rhodobacter sphaeroides was thought to have only one of these two cytochromes, the soluble Cyt c2Rs. Recent work indicated that this species has a gene, cycYRs, that is highly homologous to cycYRc, and in the work presented here, functional properties of its gene product (Cyt cyRs) are defined. It was found that Cyt cyRs is unable to participate in photosynthetic electron transfer, although it is active in respiratory electron transfer, unlike its R. capsulatus counterpart, Cyt cyRc. Chimeric constructs have shown that the photosynthetic incapability of Cyt cyRs is caused, at least in part, by its redox active subdomain, which carries the covalently bound heme. It, therefore, seems that this domain interacts differently with distinct redox partners, like the photochemical reaction center and the Cyt c oxidase, and allows the bacteria to funnel electrons efficiently to various destinations under different growth conditions. These findings raise an intriguing evolutionary issue in regard to cellular apoptosis: why do the mitochondria of higher organisms, unlike their bacterial ancestors, use only one soluble electron carrier in their respiratory electron-transport chains?  (+info)

The Photosynthetic Characteristics of Wild Cymbidium faberi in the Qinling Mountains of Central China | IntechOpenThe Photosynthetic Characteristics of Wild Cymbidium faberi in the Qinling Mountains of Central China | IntechOpen
The large flowers of orchids make them popular as cultivated plants. Seven species of orchids in the genus Cymbidium (Orchidaceae) have been crossbred to create more than 220 hybrids that serve as popular cultivated ornamentals. The present study examined the daily variation in the patterns of the net photosynthetic rate and the photosynthetic response of wild Cymbidium faberi in the Qinling Mountains in northwestern China. The photosynthetic characteristics of this species were studied under natural conditions with a portable photosynthesis system. Double peaks were observed in the net photosynthetic rate with one around 09:00 and another around 17:00 in spring, as well as one around 11:00 and another around 15:00 in winter. Midday depression of photosynthesis was observed in wild C. faberi plants around 13:00 in both spring and winter. The net photosynthetic rate was strongly positively correlated with both stomatal conductance (R = 0.913) and the transpiration rate (R = 0.659) and weakly negatively
https://www.intechopen.com/books/horticultural-crops/the-photosynthetic-characteristics-of-wild-em-cymbidium-faberi-em-in-the-qinling-mountains-of-centra
The diurnal time course of net photosynthesis of soybean leaves: analysis with a physiologically based steady-state...
A physiologically based steady-state model of whole leaf photosynthesis (WHOLEPLOT) is used to analyze observed net photosynthesis daily time course of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., leaves. Observations during two time periods of the 1978 growing season are analyzed and compared. After adjustment of the model for soybean, net photosynthesis rates are calculated with the model in response to measured incident light intensity, leaf temperature, air carbon dioxide concentration, and leaf diffusion resistance. The steady-sate calculations closely approximate observed net photosynthesis. Results of the comparison reveal a decrease in photosynthetic capacity in leaves sampled during the second time period, which is associated with decreasing ability of leaves to respond to light intensity and internal air space carbon dioxide concentration, increasing mesophyll resistance, and increasing stomatal resistance.. ...
https://biostation.lsa.umich.edu/content/diurnal-time-course-net-photosynthesis-soybean-leaves-analysis-physiologically-based-steady
Net photosynthesis, respiration, and production of the moss Sanionia uncinata on a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Net photosynthesis, respiration, and production of the moss Sanionia uncinata on a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. AU - Uchida, Masaki. AU - Muraoka, Hiroyuki. AU - Nakatsubo, Takayuki. AU - Bekku, Yukiko. AU - Ueno, Takeshi. AU - Kanda, Hiroshi. AU - Koizumi, Hiroshi. PY - 2002/8. Y1 - 2002/8. N2 - As part of the study on carbon cycling in a deglaciated area in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N), we examined the effects of abiotic factors on the net photosynthesis and dark respiration rates of the dominant moss Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske. The rates of net photosynthesis (Pn) and dark respiration (R) were measured using an open-flow gas exchange system with an infrared gas analyzer in the snow-free season of 2000. High photosynthetic activities were observed only in rainy days or soon after rainfall, when moss water content was high. Under a sufficiently humid condition, Pn determined at near light saturation was almost constant over ...
https://waseda.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/net-photosynthesis-respiration-and-production-of-the-moss-sanioni
photosynthesis review questions answer key
These are not exact test questions, just topics that cover the material: What is photosynthesis? 8.2 photosynthesis an overview answer key. How much energy is utilized in the synthesis of one gram mole of glucose 673 kcal 686 kcal 666 kcal 696 kcal Answer: 2 Q2. There are 26 questions. Photosynthesis starts with- Test (BIO) Questions and Study ... photosynthesis starts with worksheet answer key.pdf FREE PDF DOWNLOAD NOW!!! Answers in as fast as 15 minutes. SCIENCE 1 - Spring 2016. The number of light quanta required for evolution of one molecule of oxygen is called Oxygen yield Photosynthetic yield Quantum yield Organic yield Answer: 3 Q3. What is the primary function of photosynthesis? Source #2: photosynthesis starts with worksheet answer key.pdf FREE PDF DOWNLOAD Photosynthesis - Song with Free Worksheets and Activities ... knowledge of photosynthesis, answer the following questions. Ask Expert Tutors You can ask You can ask You can ask (will expire ) Photosynthesis and respiration model ...
https://ireti.org/ghanaian-furniture-rcwas/photosynthesis-review-questions-answer-key-c822c3
Photosynthesis Investigation - GCSE Science - Marked by Teachers.comPhotosynthesis Investigation - GCSE Science - Marked by Teachers.com
Introduction. Experiment To find out if the intensity (brightness) of light will have an effect on the rate of photosynthesis in green pond weed called ELODEA Research on photosynthesis Photosynthesis is processes by chlorophyll (green in the leaf).The three things that is needed in photosynthesis are sunlight from the sun, energy form the roots coming form the soil nitrate and carbon dioxide. Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast cells where it contains chlorophyll and other things. Bacteria comes from the sunlight which then turns into chemical energy. What happens is Carbon dioxide + water +light energy glucose + oxygen Glucose is some kind of sugar. The three things that affect photosynthesis is when the temperature gets lower, amount of carbon dioxide and if the light is kept away from the plant. Diagram A bulb water Apparatus Pond weed called Elodea 60 watt bulb with a holder Cold water form the school pond A ruler A stop watch Boiling Making the experiment a fair test: The way Im ...
http://www.markedbyteachers.com/gcse/science/photosynthesis-investigation-12.html
Chlorophyll fluorescence tracks seasonal variations of photosynthesis from leaf to canopy in a temperate forest | Northeast...Chlorophyll fluorescence tracks seasonal variations of photosynthesis from leaf to canopy in a temperate forest | Northeast...
Accurate estimation of terrestrial gross primary productivity (GPP) remains a challenge despite its importance in the global carbon cycle. Chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) has been recently adopted to understand photosynthesis and its response to the environment, particularly with remote sensing data. However, it remains unclear how ChlF and photosynthesis are linked at different spatial scales across the growing season. We examined seasonal relationships between ChlF and photosynthesis at the leaf, canopy, and ecosystem scales and explored how leaf-level ChlF was linked with canopy-scale solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) in a temperate deciduous forest at Harvard Forest, Massachusetts, USA. Our results show that ChlF captured the seasonal variations of photosynthesis with significant linear relationships between ChlF and photosynthesis across the growing season over different spatial scales (R2 = 0.73, 0.77, and 0.86 at leaf, canopy, and satellite scales, respectively; P , 0.0001). We ...
https://www.umass.edu/necsc/biblio/chlorophyll-fluorescence-tracks-seasonal-variations-photosynthesis-leaf-canopy-temperate
Photosynthesis | Carbon Tree
Photosynthesis of a tree canopy is driven by the total leaf area (LAI), photosynthetically active solar radiation (PAR) and CO2 concentration (i.e. photosynthesis usually increases with an increment in these - at least up to a point). Low air humidity (VPD), low air temperature and low soil moisture (REW) restrict photosynthesis. The individual effects are explained in detail in the modelling section.. In the summer, the daily pattern of photosynthesis mainly follows the changes in light (i.e. uptake is intense in light and prevented in the dark). However, other environmental factors may restrict the light prescribed rate of photosynthesis. For example, photosynthesis in a warm summer morning may rise together with the light intensity, but in the afternoon, the air humidity becomes too low for the plant. To prevent excessive evaporation, the plant closes the stomata, which limits the flow of carbon dioxide in the leaves; thereby photosynthesis. In that case, photosynthesis is lower in the ...
http://carbontree.fi/articles/photosynthesis-0
Chill-Induced Inhibition of Photosynthesis: Genotypic Variation within Cucumis sativus : Plant and Cell Physiology - oi
Cucumber is generally a thermophilic species; however, cultivars have been selected for higher yield during winter cultivation in unheated glasshouses in temperate regions. We tested whether photosynthesis in these varieties had greater chilling tolerance. There was no difference in the instantaneous reduction of photosynthesis at low temperature between four winter glasshouse and four summer field cultivars. After 5 d of 10°C and 100 µmol m-2 s-1 photon flux density, the four field cultivars had a sustained depression of photosynthesis after returning to clement conditions. This inhibition was associated with reduced rates of CO2 fixation and photosystem II (PSII) electron transport in the light, but not with sustained PSII photoinhibition. However, photosynthesis in the glasshouse genotypes was nearly identical to the pre-chill rates. Chill impacts on light-adapted chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, such as the quantum yield of PSII electron transport (ϕPSII), correlated well with overall ...
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/pcp/pcf134
Photosynthesis - Wild NaturePhotosynthesis - Wild Nature
DILAR English: PHOTOSYNTHESIS, Plant Life Cycle Activities: Writing About Science & A …, What Is The Importance Of Chlorophyll For Photosynthesis?, 3 Simple Techniques To Guide Your Learners Attention …, What Are The Main Types Of Grow Lights? (A Simple Guide), File:Chloroplast II.svg Wikipedia, Chlorophyll In Plants For Kids, Chlorophyll In Plants For Kids, Chlorophyll Lesson For Kids Video & Lesson Transcript …, Leaf Chromatography Experiment , HowStuffWorks, Photosynthesis, Chlorophyll Definition For Kids HRF, Chlorophyll In Plants For Kids, 25+ Best Ideas About Photosynthesis Activities On …, Photosynthesis Vocabulary Terms And Definitions, Chlorophyll Facts For Kids , KidzSearch.com, Plant Solar Cells Have Chlorophyll Like Compound To …, Chlorophyll In Plants For Kids, Chlorophyll In Plants For Kids, Chlorophyll In Plants For Kids, Photosynthesis: Science Lesson: Activity 1 Of 3 , TV411, Plant Food Photosynthesis Jakes Nature Blog, Important Science Diagrams From All Chapters ...
http://man-eater.info/chlorophyll-in-plants-for-kids/photosynthesis/
Handbook of PhotosynthesisHandbook of Photosynthesis
Since the publication of the previous editions of the Handbook of Photosynthesis, many new ideas on photosynthesis have emerged in the past decade that have drawn the attention of experts and researchers on the subject as well as interest from individuals in other disciplines. Updated to include 37 original chapters and making extensive revisions to the chapters that have been retained, 90% of the material in this edition is entirely new. With contributions from over 100 authors from around the globe, this book covers the most recent important research findings. It details all photosynthetic factors and processes under normal and stressful conditions, explores the relationship between photosynthesis and other plant physiological processes, and relates photosynthesis to plant production and crop yields. The third edition also presents an extensive new section on the molecular aspects of photosynthesis, focusing on photosystems, photosynthetic enzymes, and genes. New chapters on photosynthesis in lower
https://routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.1201/b19498-36
Biome-specific effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on the photosynthetic characteristics of trees at a forest-savanna boundary...Biome-specific effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on the photosynthetic characteristics of trees at a forest-savanna boundary...
Photosynthesis/nutrient relationships of proximally growing forest and savanna trees were determined in an ecotonal region of Cameroon (Africa). Although area-based foliar N concentrations were typically lower for savanna trees, there was no difference in photosynthetic rates between the two vegetation formation types. Opposite to N, area-based P concentrations were-on average-slightly lower for forest trees; a dependency of photosynthetic characteristics on foliar P was only evident for savanna trees. Thus savanna trees use N more efficiently than their forest counterparts, but only in the presence of relatively high foliar P. Along with some other recent studies, these results suggest that both N and P are important modulators of woody tropical plant photosynthetic capacities, influencing photosynthetic metabolism in different ways that are also biome specific. Attempts to find simple unifying equations to describe woody tropical vegetation photosynthesis-nutrient relationships are likely to ...
https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/39266/
What Is The Relationship Between Respiration And Photosynthesis
LabBench Activity Plant Pigments and Photosynthesis. by Theresa Knapp Holtzclaw. Introduction. In photosynthesis, plant cells convert light energy into chemical.. Learn similarities and differences between Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration and how they complement each other in a mutually beneficial relationship.. Paul Andersen explains how a respirometer can be used to measure the respiration rate in peas, germinating peas and the worm. KOH is used to solidify CO2 produced by.. Pearson, as an active contributor to the biology learning community, is pleased to provide free access to the Classic edition of The Biology Place to all educators.. Figure 1: Composite diel cycles show that photosynthesis and daytime. strong inhibition of aboveground respiration by light and sustained photosynthetic efficiency. We have thus far described only the period between the completion of.. Photosynthesis and Respiration in Elodea Background Concepts: Plants can carry out both photosynthesis and respiration ...
http://shuublog.info/what-is-the-relationship-between-respiration-and-photosynthesis/
Write My Essays Today - effect of light intensity on photosynthesis experiment | ijx.buyessayonline.cloudns.cxWrite My Essays Today - effect of light intensity on photosynthesis experiment | ijx.buyessayonline.cloudns.cx
Essay On An Owl In Hindi Essays and Research Papers. 29/10/2010 Purdue OWL Engagement Welcome to effect of light intensity on photosynthesis experiment, the Purdue OWL This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue . (http://owl.english.purdue.edu/). When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice at bottom. Contributors:Elyssa Tardiff, Allen Brizee. Summary: This resource describes why outlines are useful, what types of outlines exist, suggestions for developing effective outlines, and how outlines can be used as an provident malaysia invention strategy for writing. On Photosynthesis. Four Main Components for. 0 , Arabic numerals , Decimal 1163 Words , 5 Pages. Snowy Owls Snowy Owls 2012 Com156 12/9/2012 A snowy owl will live out the entire course of its life in Pressure and Agressive, the . open artic in most cases, while others will migrate out of the arctic tundra. They will hunt, eat, mate, reproduce, and on photosynthesis experiment, die where they reside.. The largest ...
http://ijx.buyessayonline.cloudns.cx/free-essays/7/paper/42/
Photosynthesis Problem Set 2
C4 plants have evolved a special, energy-requiring pathway to create high, local concentrations of CO2 for the Calvin-Benson Cycle. C4 plants initially fix CO2 at low intracellular CO2 concentrations in mesophyll cells as 4-carbon compounds, using the energy from the hydrolysis of 1 ATP for each CO2 fixed. CO2 is then released in the bundle sheath cells where the Calvin-Benson Cycle reactions occur. The path of CO2 from air, to initial fixation in mesophyll cells, to release in bundle sheath cells and entry into the Calvin-Benson Cycle is shown in the following diagram: ...
http://biology.arizona.edu/biochemistry/problem_sets/photosynthesis_2/09t.html
Most recent papers with the keyword microbial genomes | Read by QxMDMost recent papers with the keyword microbial genomes | Read by QxMD
We report the isolation of a pinnacle-forming cyanobacterium isolated from a microbial mat covering the sediment surface at Little Salt Spring-a flooded sinkhole in Florida with a perennially microoxic and sulfidic water column. The draft genome of the isolate encodes all of the enzymatic machinery necessary for both oxygenic and anoxygenic photosynthesis, as well as genes for methylating hopanoids at the C-2 position. The physiological response of the isolate to H2S is complex: (i) no induction time is necessary for anoxygenic photosynthesis; (ii) rates of anoxygenic photosynthesis are regulated by both H2S and irradiance; (iii) O2 production is inhibited by H2S concentrations as low as 1 μM and the recovery rate of oxygenic photosynthesis is dependent on irradiance; (iv) under the optimal light conditions for oxygenic photosynthesis, rates of anoxygenic photosynthesis are nearly double those of oxygenic photosynthesis ...
https://www.readbyqxmd.com/keyword/84897
do aquatic plants perform photosynthesis
Developed by Chantier 7 project team members Instructional goals: Students will be able to: 1. They use it to produce carbohydrates , proteins, and fats. They can take in carbon dioxide from the air and release oxygen into the air. Bowes G, Salvucci E. 1989. Aquatic Plants and Photosynthesis. Even though many other organisms are using the oxygen, there is an oxygen surplus. These types of aquatic plants do not require special adaptations to perform photosynthesis. Aquatic plants may take in carbon dioxide from the air or water, depending on whether their leaves float or are under water. This are the modifications and regulations which takes place in aquatic plants, that helps them to perform photosynthesis. Plants, including aquatic plants, produce oxygen, and they also use oxygen. Do aquatic plants produce their own food through photosynthesis? Cacti perform photosynthesis using adaptations to their environment, like crassulacean acid metabolism and sturdy green stems. Photosynthesis of Aquatic ...
https://www.nossaciencia.com.br/tempur-luxeadapt-sfwz/do-aquatic-plants-perform-photosynthesis-94b4eb
Frontiers | Rubisco and Rubisco Activase Play an Important Role in the Biochemical Limitations of Photosynthesis in Rice, Wheat...Frontiers | Rubisco and Rubisco Activase Play an Important Role in the Biochemical Limitations of Photosynthesis in Rice, Wheat...
To understand the effect of heat and drought on three major cereal crops, the physiological and biochemical (i.e., metabolic) factors affecting photosynthesis were examined in rice, wheat, and maize plants grown under long-term water deficit (WD), high temperature (HT) and the combination of both stresses (HT-WD). Diffusional limitations to photosynthesis prevailed under WD for the C3 species, rice and wheat. Conversely, biochemical limitations prevailed under WD for the C4 species, maize, under HT for all three species, and under HT-WD in rice and maize. These biochemical limitations to photosynthesis were associated with Rubisco activity that was highly impaired at HT and under HT-WD in the three species. Decreases in Rubisco activation were unrelated to the amount of Rubisco and Rubisco activase (Rca), but were probably caused by inhibition of Rca activity, as suggested by the mutual decrease and positive correlation between Rubisco activation state and the rate of electron transport. Decreased
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2017.00490/full
Photosynthesis | Carbon Tree
Photosynthesis is the most fundamental process in plants because it provides raw material for growth and stores energy for later use in vital functions. In photosynthesis, the energy of solar radiation is converted into chemical form using atmospheric carbon dioxide and soil water. Meanwhile, oxygen is released into the air. The exchange of gases between the plant and the atmosphere happens via the stomata.. Photosynthesis of a tree canopy is driven by the total leaf area (LAI), photosynthetically active solar radiation (PAR) and CO2 concentration (i.e. photosynthesis usually increases with an increment in these - at least up to a point). Low air humidity (VPD), low air temperature and low soil moisture (REW) restrict photosynthesis. The individual effects are explained in detail in the article called How to model photosynthesis.. ...
http://hiilipuu.fi/articles/photosynthesis
Tundra photosynthesis captured by satellite-observed solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence | SOLVETundra photosynthesis captured by satellite-observed solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence | SOLVE
Accurately quantifying the timing and magnitude of respiration and photosynthesis by high-latitude ecosystems is important for understanding how a warming climate influences global carbon cycling. Data-driven estimates of photosynthesis across Arctic regions often rely on satellite-derived enhanced vegetation index (EVI); we find that satellite observations of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) provide a more direct proxy for photosynthesis. We model Alaskan tundra CO2 cycling (2012-2014) according to temperature and shortwave radiation and alternately input EVI or SIF to prescribe the annual seasonal cycle of photosynthesis. We find that EVI-based seasonality indicates spring green-up to occur 9 days prior to SIF-based estimates, and that SIF-based estimates agree with aircraft and tower measurements of CO2 . Adopting SIF, instead of EVI, for modeling the seasonal cycle of tundra photosynthesis can result in more accurate estimates of growing season duration and net carbon uptake by ...
https://espo.nasa.gov/solve/content/Tundra_photosynthesis_captured_by_satellite-observed_solar-induced_chlorophyll_fluorescence
How does changing the temperature affect the rate of Photosynthesis? - GCSE Science - Marked by Teachers.comHow does changing the temperature affect the rate of Photosynthesis? - GCSE Science - Marked by Teachers.com
Introduction. How does changing the temperature affect the rate of Photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is a necessary process which occurs in green plants, where the plant produces oxygen and makes food, taking place in the chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll. The chlorophyll absorbs the sunlight, and with that sunlight, water and carbon dioxide combine to make sugar and oxygen. The formula for this process is: 6CO2 + 6H2O , C6H1206 + 602 This process, photosynthesis, requires several important elements in order to occur. The factors which must be controlled are: temperature, light intensity, pH, light colour, H20, concentration of CO2 and amount of chlorophyll. When or if one of these factors is increased, the rate of photosynthesis will increase, though only to a certain point - the rate of photosynthesis though, could still increase, but not due to an increase in that same factor. In order for glucose to be made during photosynthesis, waters split into oxygen and hydrogen molecules. This is ...
http://www.markedbyteachers.com/gcse/science/how-does-changing-the-temperature-affect-the-rate-of-photosynthesis.html
Photosynthesis, sucrose metabolism, and starch accumulation in two NILs of winter wheat - PubAgPhotosynthesis, sucrose metabolism, and starch accumulation in two NILs of winter wheat - PubAg
The photosynthetic oxygen evolution rate, Hill reaction activity of seedlings and photosynthetic parameter, Pn-Ci curve and some source-sink metabolism-related enzyme activities, and substance content of flag leaves were measured by using two wheat near isogenic lines with significant differences in the photosynthetic rate of the 154 (high photosynthetic rate) and 212 (low photosynthetic rate) lines as materials. The results showed that the maximal carboxylation efficiency (Vcmax) and Hill reaction activity were higher in line 154 than that of line 212. The Pn in flag leaves of line 154 was significantly higher than that of line 212 during the anthesis to grain-filling stage. Higher leaf sucrose phosphate synthase activity, grain sucrose synthase activity, and grain ADPG pyrophosphorylase activity ensured that the photosynthate of line 154 could be transported to grains and translated into starch in a timely and effective manner, which also contributed to the maintenance of its high ...
https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/catalog/4399652
The Participation of Apoplast Invertase in the Regulation of Photosynthesis by Stomatal Mechanism :: Science Publishing GroupThe Participation of Apoplast Invertase in the Regulation of Photosynthesis by Stomatal Mechanism :: Science Publishing Group
A multi-year research on the influence of donor-acceptor relations between photosynthetic and assimilate-consuming organs on regulation of plant photosynthesis has been summarized. Cause and effect relationships between chloroplast photochemical reactions, CO|sub|2|/sub| assimilation and oxygen photosynthetic metabolism, transport of sugars in the phloem, apoplastic invertase and leaf stomata activity have been established. A concept, according to which the regulation of photosynthesis at the level of an assimilate donor leaf with the change of illumination or export of products of photosynthesis is effectuated as follows, has been introduced. In case of deficiency of products of chloroplast photochemical reactions there occurs incomplete regeneration of resulting primary CO|sub|2|/sub| fixation products and rapid accumulation of oxygenated substances in cells, vacuoles and the apoplast of the leaf. Apoplastic fluid pH decrease activates the invertase and intensifies the sucrose splitting in the
http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/paperinfo?journalid=215&doi=10.11648/j.jps.20170505.12
photosynthesis ppt class 10
Dec 28, 2020 - Ch 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS - PowerPoint Presentation, Science, Class 7, CBSE Class 7 Notes , EduRev is made by best teachers of Class 7. Learn new and interesting things. View Photosynthesis PPTs online, safely and virus-free! These organelles contain a green-coloured pigment called chlorophyll, which is responsible for the characteristic green colouration of the leaves. 10 PHOTOSYNTHESIS.ppt. All life needs a constant input of energy This video is highly rated by Class 10 students and has been viewed 250 times. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Share yours for free! Besides green plants, other organisms that perform photosynthesis contain various other forms of chlorophyll such as chlorophyll-c1, chlorophyll-c2, chlorophyll-d and chlorophyll-f. At the cellular level, the photosynthesis process takes place in cell organelles called chloroplasts. Chlorophyll is a mixture of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b. Note the presence of the thylakoid. The word photosynthesis is ...
https://pomyslzanimwrzucisz.ecdl.pl/8ptr9rdd/photosynthesis-ppt-class-10-f441d6
Identification, elucidation and validation of genes underlying Arabidopsis photosynthesis QTLs - WURIdentification, elucidation and validation of genes underlying Arabidopsis photosynthesis QTLs - WUR
Photosynthesis is the foundation of plant productivity. Increased photosynthesis will lead to increased CO2 fixation, and consequently higher carbohydrate production and an increased potential for a higher harvest index. However, photosynthesis is an extremely difficult trait for breeding due to its dynamic character as well its physiological and genetic complexity. Advanced developments in plant phenotyping now allow detailed and high-throughput (HTP) measurements of photosynthesis represented as ΦPSII (photosynthesis efficiency) and other growth parameters. Following HTP photosynthesis phenotyping, genome wide association studies (GWAS) have been performed in our lab using natural population of 352 Arabidopsis accessions, that were grown under various abiotic stress conditions: low phosphate nutrition, low nitrate nutrition, fluctuations in temperature, and fluctuations in irradiance. Numerous quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been identified but so far they remained largely unexplored. In ...
https://www.wur.nl/en/project/Identification-elucidation-and-validation-of-genes-underlying-Arabidopsis-photosynthesis-QTLs.htm
Agriculture | Free Full-Text | Photosynthesis of Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Seedling at Different Air TemperaturesAgriculture | Free Full-Text | Photosynthesis of Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Seedling at Different Air Temperatures
Photosynthetic activities of the sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) were studied to find out its sensitivity to changes in ambient air temperature. The minimum ambient air temperature designed for the experiment was 25-29 °C, while the higher end was 29-33 °C. Several photosynthetic parameters were studied to support our analysis in sago photosynthetic activity, including diurnal leaf gas exchange, assimilation rate vs. CO2 concentration, leaf greenness, leaf chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic rate vs. irradiance. We found that sago palm photosynthetic activity tends to be more sensitive to minimum than to maximum ambient air temperature. The plants exposed to higher air temperatures had dark green leaf color associated with higher rates of diurnal photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, and rubisco limited photosynthetic activity. They also exhibited higher trend in optimum irradiance absorption level. Consequently, maximum light energy dissipation occurred at higher temperatures.
http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/8/1/4
photosynthesis book pdfphotosynthesis book pdf
Since virtually all other forms of life are directly or indirectly dependent on plants for food, photosynthesis is the basis for all life on earth. In order to read online Photosynthesis Bibliography textbook, you need to create a FREE account. The empirical equation representing the total process of photosynthesis for oxygen evolving organisms was then understood as: CO H O CH O O Light 2 2+ → +[ ]2 2 where [CH 2 O] represented a carbohydrate (e.g., glucose, a six-carbon sugar). __A__2. startxref n�3ܣ�k�Gݯz=��[=��=�B�0FX�+������t���G�,�}���/���Hh8�m�W�2p[����AiA��N�#8$X�?�A�KHI�{!7�. Advances in Photosynthesis - Fundamental Aspects. Regardless of politics or opinion, climate 2. how it is changing with our global climate, could hold the answers to many scientific The overall equation for photosynthesis is deceptively simple (eq 5.1). Photosynthesis can be summarized by the equation:CO 2 +2H 2 O → [CH 2 ...
https://www.sbu-kyoto.com/hyperloop-alpha-mns/7a415d-photosynthesis-book-pdf
Light harvesting, excitation energy/electron transfer, and photoregulation in artificial photosynthetic systems<...
TY - CHAP. T1 - Light harvesting, excitation energy/electron transfer, and photoregulation in artificial photosynthetic systems. AU - Terazono, Yuichi. AU - Moore, Thomas A. AU - Moore, Ana L. AU - Gust, John Devens. PY - 2012/1/1. Y1 - 2012/1/1. N2 - This chapter summarizes recent research from our laboratory on multichromophoric molecules that perform as components of artificial photosynthetic systems. The basic scientific principles underlying the design of these molecules were drawn from natural photosynthetic energy conversion, but thematerials used to prepare them are synthetic. The systems consist of chromophores and electron and energy donors and acceptors that have been chemically linked to form artificial reaction centers and antennas, and to mimic some aspects of photosynthetic regulation and photoprotection. These chromophores include porphyrins, fullerenes, carotenoid polyenes, antenna moieties, and photochromic materials. We begin with an introduction to artificial photosynthesis ...
https://sofi-northwestern.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/light-harvesting-excitation-energyelectron-transfer-and-photoregu-2
Effect of environmental conditions on sun-induced fluorescence in a mixed forest and a cropland | DORA EawagEffect of environmental conditions on sun-induced fluorescence in a mixed forest and a cropland | DORA Eawag
In both ecosystems, SIF was found to be more affected by environmental conditions than GPP. Annual cycles for GPP and SIF differed at the mixed forest due in part to the influence of the different footprint size of the two independent measurements. Diurnal cycles in GPP and SIF corresponded well under unstressed conditions and followed the incoming photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD). However, depressions in SIF were found at both sites either at midday or in the afternoon during the growing season. At the cropland site, reductions in SIF occurred at high PPFD (PPFD , 1470 μmolm-2s-1, R2 = 0.62) and high VPD (VPD , 1590 Pa, R2 = 0.35). Whereas at the forest site, reductions in SIF were linked to high VPD (VPD , 1250 Pa, R2 = 0.25), but not to high PPFD (R2 = 0.84). The depression in SIF was also associated with an increase in non-photochemical quenching, as indicated by the photochemical reflectance index (R2 = 0.78), thus showing the complementarity between SIF and non-photochemical ...
https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/eawag/islandora/object/eawag%3A17908
3.5 - Photosynthesis and the Environment by S Mahendran on Prezi3.5 - Photosynthesis and the Environment by S Mahendran on Prezi
C4 plants are more efficient at higher temperatures than C3 plants - WHY? Review Assignment - Photosynthesis Love Letters Irradiance Light saturation point - at this point, enzymes in the Calvin Cycle are completely saturated with substrates. Increasing irradiance wont increase rate of photosynthesis Light response curve Rate of Photosynthesis Oxygen - high oxygen levels = higher levels of photorespiration = lower levels of photosynthesis Sun Plants Vs. Shade Plants Shade plants - leaves are thinner, broader and greener (what makes them greener ...
https://prezi.com/wqkj9s0mc54m/35-photosynthesis-and-the-environment/
Pre-university students causal reasoning about plant photosynthesis and reproduction: an exploratory studyPre-university students causal reasoning about plant photosynthesis and reproduction: an exploratory study
In order to achieve a satisfactory level of biological literacy, it is fundamental that students develop the competence of providing complex causal explanations about biological phenomena, i.e., being able to explore multiple aspects of causes and effects and their interrelatedness. Previous research indicates that students from primary and lower secondary ... read more education causal reasoning is often based on simple linear levels of causation. These young students require special teaching and learning practices to aid them in developing the ability to reason causally about science subjects matter. In the present research, we investigated whether this is also the case considering pre-university biology students. Are upper-secondary students able to provide complex causal explanations about different biological phenomena? To answer this question, we chose a recently learned topic and a topic learned a few years ago, respectively: plants photosynthesis and flowering plants reproduction. ...
http://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/368325
Photosynthesis
Some of these produce globules of sulfur as a waste product instead of oxygen, while others further oxidize it, producing sulfates. In general, photosynthesis requires a source of hydrogen with which to reduce carbon dioxide into carbohydrates. Van Neils proposal was confirmed 20 years later by using the O18 isotope of oxygen as a tracer label to follow the fate of oxygen atoms during photosynthesis.. Oxygen is not only a waste product of photosynthesis, it can even harm the photosynthetic process. This is because RubisCO, the primary CO2-fixing enzyme in most plants, also fixes oxygen, but this does not lead to useful sugar production. Rather, it results in the loss of both CO2 and nitrogen (in the form of ammonia, NH3) from the plant, in a process known as photorespiration. While some evidence indicates that photorespiration can help protect plants from damage due to very high light intensities, it is generally considered a wasteful process, in which as much as 50% of the plants fixed ...
http://www.fact-index.com/p/ph/photosynthesis.html
5 Helpful Tips for Teaching Photosynthesis5 Helpful Tips for Teaching Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis… there was something about it that stumped me as a teacher. It was important to me that my kids understood the big picture and that they were able to answer their questions, but teaching it didnt come naturally, because, well… photosynthesis. For you life science and bio teachers out there my BIGGEST piece of advice would be to focus on the big picture. Do not teach light reactions, followed by dark reactions. Teach them together, and then go back and fill in the details where you can.. Ive compiled 5 helpful tips for teaching photosynthesis:. 1. Photosynthesis can be a complex subject for students to learn. Scaffolding will provide optimal success: start off with the big picture and then work your way into the nooks and crannies.. 2. Students should be able to comprehend energy flow in photosynthesis, from sunlight to sugar, and everything in between. Use my Mouse Trap game analogy to help!. 3. Dark reactions and light reactions are dependent on each other through the ATP ...
https://biology-roots.com/2015/11/5-things-to-know-about-teaching-photosynthesis/
Effect of knockout of α-carbonic anhydrase 4 gene on photosynthetic characteristics and starch accumulation in leaves of...Effect of knockout of α-carbonic anhydrase 4 gene on photosynthetic characteristics and starch accumulation in leaves of...
Read Effect of knockout of α-carbonic anhydrase 4 gene on photosynthetic characteristics and starch accumulation in leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana, Russian Journal of Plant Physiology on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/springer_journal/effect-of-knockout-of-carbonic-anhydrase-4-gene-on-photosynthetic-sIkoeCtnZp
Photosynthetic energy conversion under extreme conditions: II The significance of lipids under light limited growth in...Photosynthetic energy conversion under extreme conditions: II The significance of lipids under light limited growth in...
Mock, T. and Kroon, B. M. A. (2002): Photosynthetic energy conversion under extreme conditions: II The significance of lipids under light limited growth in Antarctic sea ice diatoms , Phytochemistry ...
http://epic.awi.de/5474/
Frontiers | Sub-high Temperature and High Light Intensity Induced Irreversible Inhibition on Photosynthesis System of Tomato...Frontiers | Sub-high Temperature and High Light Intensity Induced Irreversible Inhibition on Photosynthesis System of Tomato...
High temperature and high light intensity is a common environment posing a great risk to organisms. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of sub-high temperature and high light stress (HH, 35°C, 1000 μmol∙m-2∙s-1) and recovery on the photosynthetic mechanism, photoinhibiton of photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), and reactive oxygen (ROS) metabolism of tomato seedlings. The results showed that with prolonged stress time, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), Rubisco activity, maximal photochemistry efficiency (Fv/Fm), efficient quantum yield and electron transport of PSII [Y(II) and ETR(II)] and PSI [Y(I) and ETR(I)] decreased significantly whereas yield of non-regulated and regulated energy dissipation of PSII [Y(NO) and Y(NPQ)] increased sharply. The donor side limitation of PSI [Y(ND)] increased but the acceptor side limitation of PSI [Y(NA)] decreased. Content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were increased while activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2017.00365/full
Mathematical simulation of C4 grass photosynthesis in ambient and elevated C02 | Konza Prairie LTERMathematical simulation of C4 grass photosynthesis in ambient and elevated C02 | Konza Prairie LTER
A mechanistic leaf photosynthesis model was developed for C4 grasses based on a general simplified scheme of C4 plant carbon metabolism. In the model, the PEPcase-dependent C4-cycle was described in terms of CO2 concentration in the mesophyll space using Michaelis-Menten kinetics, and the activity of PEPcase was related to the incident PAR to take account of the influence of light on the activity of C4-cycle processes. The CO2 refixation by Rubisco in the bundle sheath was described using a widely accepted C3 photosynthesis model. The model assumes a steady state balance among CO2 diffusion from surrounding atmosphere into the mesophyll space, CO2 transport into the bundle sheath by the C4-cycle, CO2 refixation by the C3-cycle in the bundle sheath, and CO2 leakage from the bundle sheath. The response to temperature of photosynthesis was incorporated via the temperature dependence of model parameters. The photosynthesis model was coupled with a stomatal conductance model in order to predict leaf ...
http://lter.konza.ksu.edu/content/mathematical-simulation-c4-grass-photosynthesis-ambient-and-elevated-c02
Science Project Photosynthesis - factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis temperature, light intensity, water, carbon...Science Project Photosynthesis - factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis temperature, light intensity, water, carbon...
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light into chemical energy. In green plants, light energy is captured by chlorophyll in the chloroplasts of the leaves and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds (simple and complex sugars) that are the basis of both plant and animal life. Photosynthesis consists of a number of photochemical and enzymatic reactions. Any acceleration in the process of photosynthesis will naturally result in the production of more organic compounds and consequently more plant growth. For this reason we want to do a research on factors affecting photosynthesis. ...
http://scienceproject.com/projects/intro/intermediate/IB002.asp?t=8:32:57
Photosynthesis - New World EncyclopediaPhotosynthesis - New World Encyclopedia
Although some of the steps in photosynthesis are still not completely understood, the overall photosynthetic equation has been known since the late 18th century. In the mid-1600s, Jan van Helmont laid the foundations of research on photosynthesis when he carefully measured the mass of the soil used by a plant and the mass of the plant as it grew. After noticing that the soil mass changed very little, he hypothesized that the mass of the growing plant must come from water, the only substance he added to the potted plant. His hypothesis was partially accurate: much of the gain in mass comes from carbon dioxide as well as water. However, van Helmont made the important discovery that the bulk of a plants biomass comes from the inputs of photosynthesis, not from the soil itself. In the 18th century, Joseph Priestley, a chemist and minister, discovered that oxygen is produced during photosynthesis. In a famous experiment, he isolated a volume of air under an inverted glass jar and burned a candle in ...
https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis - Photosynthesis A Photosynthesis 1 6CO2 12H2O light Thylakoid C6H12O6 6O2 6H2O Chlorophyll 2 Light a...Photosynthesis - Photosynthesis A Photosynthesis 1 6CO2 12H2O light Thylakoid C6H12O6 6O2 6H2O Chlorophyll 2 Light a...
View Notes - Photosynthesis from BS 131 at University of the Sciences in Philadelphia. Photosynthesis A. Photosynthesis 1. 6CO2 + 12H2O light, Thylakoid C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O Chlorophyll 2. Light a.
https://www.coursehero.com/file/95007/Photosynthesis/
3. The two major sets of reactions involved in photosynthesis are A. Calvin cycle reactions and citric acid cycles. B....3. The two major sets of reactions involved in photosynthesis are A. Calvin cycle reactions and citric acid cycles. B....
3. The two major sets of reactions involved in photosynthesis are A. Calvin cycle reactions and citric acid cycles. B. glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. C. light reactions and the electron transport chain. D. light reactions and Calvin cycle reactions.
http://www.weegy.com/?ConversationId=J2GK3Z3K
Research on Light Response Curve Fitting Model of Four Chamaenerion Plants on the Serzilla MountainsResearch on Light Response Curve Fitting Model of Four Chamaenerion Plants on the Serzilla Mountains
In order to study the applicability of different light response models to the photoresponse curves of four species of Chamaenerion, four species of Chamaenerion collected from Serzilla were used as test materials. Four common photosynthetic models were used to fit the photosynthetic response curve of the leaves. The results show that: 1) The effect of different photosynthetic response models on photosynthetic response curve of the genus chromasia was different. The fitted value of the correction model of right angled hyperbola was closest to the measured value, the R2 was 0.998, and RE was 0.216. 2) In terms of fitting the photosynthetic parameters, the initial quantum efficiency, light compensation point and dark respiration rate were suitable for fitting with non-right angle hyperbolic model. In terms of fitting the photosynthetic parameters, the initial quantum efficiency, light compensation point and dark respiration rate were suitable for fitting with non-right angle hyperbolic model. 3) The
https://file.scirp.org/Html/3-2603772_85914.htm
Asymmetrical effects of mesophyll conductance on fundamental photosynthetic parameters and their relationships estimated from...Asymmetrical effects of mesophyll conductance on fundamental photosynthetic parameters and their relationships estimated from...
Asymmetrical effects of mesophyll conductance on fundamental photosynthetic parameters and their relationships estimated from leaf gas exchange ...
http://terraweb.forestry.oregonstate.edu/asymmetrical-effects-mesophyll-conductance-fundamental-photosynthetic-parameters-and-their-0
What Exactly Is Photosynthesis and What are Its Definition? - Glams Pole DanceWhat Exactly Is Photosynthesis and What are Its Definition? - Glams Pole Dance
How often have you ever heard that the phrase »photosynthesis » and wondered why what that term meant? Lots of men and women find it really tricky to comprehend exactly what photosynthesis is or how it worksout. It might be handy to really have an explanation of this approach.. You must first know the technical note »photosynthesis » and scientific vocabulary the moment it regards sciencefiction. One way to explain photosynthesis would be it is the practice of photosynthesis, which will be a means by and change these into food to the plant it is currently eating. All these nutrients, clearly, would be water and the co2 .. The carbon dioxide is absorbed by the plant from the air and carbonizes the nitrogen and phosphorous. The click here for info plant then uses much a lot more oxygen which is needed create blood glucose and to combine with the carbon dioxide to be produced by these 2 things. This sort of respiration occurs just about everywhere in the whole world. This is the reason why we ...
http://glamspoledance.com/what-exactly-is-photosynthesis-and-what-are-its-definition/
Sustainable Systems - Sustainable processes in Nature - thefourleggedcrowSustainable Systems - Sustainable processes in Nature - thefourleggedcrow
Simple Sustainable Process in Nature: Oxygenic Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis is the process used by plants, algae and bacteria to harness ghe energy of the sun and convert it into chemical energy. Photosynthetic processes can be of two types ; oxygenic photosynthesis and anoxygenic photosynthesis.During oxygenic photosynthesis, light energy reduces Carbon Dioxide and oxidizes water to…
https://thefourleggedcrow.wordpress.com/2017/04/06/sustainable-systems-sustainable-processes-in-nature/
Phd thesis on anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that can later be released to fuel the organisms activities. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water - hence the name photosynthesis, from the Greek φῶς, phōs, light, and σύνθεσις ...
http://amdactive.gq/phd-thesis-on-anoxygenic-photosynthetic-bacteria-59123.html
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Download Anoxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria Advances In Photosynthesis And Respiration 1995
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http://anchoco.net/main/freebooks.php?q=download-anoxygenic-photosynthetic-bacteria-advances-in-photosynthesis-and-respiration-1995/
Canopy photosynthesis of CO2-enriched lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Response to short-term changes in CO2, temperature and...Canopy photosynthesis of CO2-enriched lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Response to short-term changes in CO2, temperature and...
The canopy net photosynthesis (Pn) of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ev.Ambassador) was analyzed under controlled conditions simulating the winter glasshouse atmosphere. Prior to measurements the plants were grown in CO2-enriched air of 1000 μmol mol−1, at a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 280 μmol m2 s−1 (400-700 nm) and a day/night air temperature of 16/13 °C. Short-term changes in CO2 concentration significantly changed the initial gradient of the photosynthetic response to incident PPFD. Maximum photosynthetic efficiency of the crop increased from 0·041 mol CO2 mol photons−1 (equivalent to 8·2 μg CO2 J−1 and 9·4% on an energy basis) at 350 μmol mol−1 to 0·055 mol CO2 photons−1 (10·9 μg CO2 J−1 and 12·7% on an energy basis) at 1000 μmol mol−1. Transfer from low to high CO2 also lowered the light compensation point, but did not affect dark respiration. The large response of Pn to transient changes in CO2 indicated that the lettuce canopy did not ...
https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/22401/?template=browse
New Photosynthesis Diagrams Worksheet Answers For Fall 26 Photosynthesis Diagrams Worksheet Answers Part 1
photosynthesis diagrams worksheet answers structures of cellular respiration vs chart answer key part 1 2,photosynthesis diagrams worksheet answer key part 1 worksheets and cellular respiration diagram answers biology junction,photosynthesis diagram worksheet answers diagrams part 1 biology junction answer key structures of,photosynthesis diagrams worksheet answers part 2 answer key 1 free worksheets library download and print on,photosynthesis diagrams worksheet answer key part 1 free worksheets library download and print on answers biology junction,photosynthesis diagrams worksheet answers lovely and part 2 biology junction answer key,photosynthesis worksheet answers diagrams structures of answer key part 1 2,photosynthesis diagrams worksheet answers structures of biology junction answer key also worksheets awesome part 1,photosynthesis diagrams worksheet answer key part 1 diagram structures of answers biology junction,photosynthesis diagrams worksheet answer key part 1 answers diagram on ...
http://visitbulgaria.info/photosynthesis-diagrams-worksheet-answers/new-photosynthesis-diagrams-worksheet-answers-for-fall-26-photosynthesis-diagrams-worksheet-answers-part-1/
photosynthesis worksheet pdf answers
By using the Photosynthesis Worksheet Answers that I provide, you will learn about photosynthesis and how it works. Part B. Download this printable PDF to hand out to your class and test their knowledge on the process of photosynthesis. PROCEDURE 1. It will categorically squander the time. Finding the Properties Of Water Worksheet Answers is easier than you think. The hard level covers structural vocabualry such as thylakoids, grana, and stroma. PDF Chapter 6 photosynthesis test answer key - Soup.io the light reactions of photosynthesis is released. � � � ���� � � � 8. Such as whether you will be able to learn everything or not. photosynthesis whats in a leaf from Photosynthesis Worksheet Answers, source: zoshwiki.co. ions worksheet answer key, Biology chapter 8 photosynthesis test answer key 9e (Marieb) Chapter 6 The Muscular System Short Answer Figure 6.1 Using. Pogil Activities For High School Biology Answer Key Cell Size. Acces PDF Photosynthesis Worksheet Answers ...
http://pausescreen.frozenfoxmedia.com/hypebeast-brands-atohrak/298431-photosynthesis-worksheet-pdf-answers
Plants | Free Full-Text | Differential Mechanisms of Photosynthetic Acclimation to Light and Low Temperature in Arabidopsis and...Plants | Free Full-Text | Differential Mechanisms of Photosynthetic Acclimation to Light and Low Temperature in Arabidopsis and...
Photosynthetic organisms are able to sense energy imbalances brought about by the overexcitation of photosystem II (PSII) through the redox state of the photosynthetic electron transport chain, estimated as the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter 1-qL, also known as PSII excitation pressure. Plants employ a wide array of photoprotective processes that modulate photosynthesis to correct these energy imbalances. Low temperature and light are well established in their ability to modulate PSII excitation pressure. The acquisition of freezing tolerance requires growth and development a low temperature (cold acclimation) which predisposes the plant to photoinhibition. Thus, photosynthetic acclimation is essential for proper energy balancing during the cold acclimation process. Eutrema salsugineum (Thellungiella salsuginea) is an extremophile, a close relative of Arabidopsis thaliana, but possessing much higher constitutive levels of tolerance to abiotic stress. This comparative study aimed to characterize the
http://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/6/3/32
Artificial photosynthesis<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Artificial photosynthesis. AU - Lewis, Nathan S. PY - 1995/11. Y1 - 1995/11. N2 - Photosynthesis is the primary source of energy for life on Earth. However, only three percent of the light energy that strikes a plant is actually stored as chemical fuel, due to the functional constraints on a plant. At present, scientists are investigating several approaches to developing artificial photosynthesis systems. In this article, some of the recent attempts at the development of photoelectrochemical cells that satisfy the natural constraints of the physical world, as well as the economic constraints of human society are reviewed.. AB - Photosynthesis is the primary source of energy for life on Earth. However, only three percent of the light energy that strikes a plant is actually stored as chemical fuel, due to the functional constraints on a plant. At present, scientists are investigating several approaches to developing artificial photosynthesis systems. In this article, some of the ...
https://sofi-northwestern.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/artificial-photosynthesis-2
Effects of drought stress on photosynthesis and photosynthetic electron transport chain in young apple tree leaves | Biology...Effects of drought stress on photosynthesis and photosynthetic electron transport chain in young apple tree leaves | Biology...
ψw can be regarded as an indicator to effectively assess water status of plants (Lima et al., 2002). In the present study, ψw decreased with the degree and duration of drought stress treatments (Fig. 1). Gas exchange, which was PN, Gs and E decreased significantly and they were closely related to the degree and duration of drought stress (Fig. 2). These parameters were all found to have a strong relationship with ψw (Fig. 3). Besides the linear correlation between PN and ψw (Fig. 3A; Šimpraga et al., 2011; Sun et al., 2013), a simple positive regression correlation was also found between Gs or E and ψw (Fig. 3B,C). At the earlier stage of drought stress, the plummet in Gs suggests that a reduction in stomatal conductance can have protective effects because it allows the plant to save water and to improve its efficient use (Chaves et al., 2009). As some studies indicated before, the decrease in photosynthesis is usually caused by stomatal limitation under mild to moderate drought condition ...
https://bio.biologists.org/content/7/11/bio035279?ijkey=318a904dba571c7d084ad7908120b9466c7494af&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Photosynthesis in The Azimuth ProjectPhotosynthesis in The Azimuth Project
Contents * sl {:toc} ## Idea Wikipedia defines it as: , **Photosynthesis** ( /foʊtoʊˈsɪnθəsɪs/; from the Greek φώτο- [photo-], light, and σύνθεσις [synthesis], putting together, composition) is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert the light energy captured from the sun into chemical energy that can be used to fuel the organisms activities. Photosynthesis occurs in plants, algae, and many species of bacteria, but not in archaea. Photosynthetic organisms are called photoautotrophs, since they can create their own food. In plants, algae, and [[cyanobacteria]]. Composite image showing the global distribution of photosynthesis, including both oceanic phytoplankton and terrestrial vegetation: ![global photosynthesis](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Seawifs_global_biosphere.jpg/800px-Seawifs_global_biosphere.jpg) ## References * [Photosynthesis](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis), Wikipedia. [[!redirects photosynthesis]] ...
https://www.azimuthproject.org/azimuth/source/Photosynthesis
The impact of supplemental blue and green LED and HPS lamps lighting effects on the photosynthesis parameters of sweet pepper...The impact of supplemental blue and green LED and HPS lamps lighting effects on the photosynthesis parameters of sweet pepper...
The objective of studies was to compare the photosynthesis parameters of sweet pepper transplants under the emission of short-wavelength single-monochromatic solid-state lamps developed for supplementation of high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps used in winter time in greenhouses. Four types of solid-state lamps were made using advanced light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with peak emissions at blue 455, 470, cyan 505 and green 530 nm, and were installed in a greenhouse. The generated photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of each type of solid-state lamps was 15 μmol m-2 s-1 and of HPS lamps PPFD it was 100 μmol m-2 s-1. The transplants of sweet pepper cultivar Reda were grown in a greenhouse of phytotron complex under the illumination of HPS lamps and with supplementation of LED lamps. The reference transplants were grown under the illumination of HPS lamps (PPFD 110 μmol m-2 s-1). During transplant cultivation the photoperiod was maintained at 16 h, the day/night temperature was 19-23/15-18 °C. ...
https://www.vdu.lt/cris/handle/20.500.12259/58102
The response of mesophyll conductance to short- and long-term environmental conditions in chickpea genotypes.The response of mesophyll conductance to short- and long-term environmental conditions in chickpea genotypes.
Author(s): Shrestha, Arjina; Buckley, Thomas N; Lockhart, Erin L; Barbour, Margaret M | Abstract: . Mesophyll conductance (g m) has been shown to vary between genotypes of a number of species and with growth environments, including nitrogen availability, but understanding of g m variability in legumes is limited. We might expect g m in legumes to respond differently to limited nitrogen availability, due to their ability to fix atmospheric N2. Using online stable carbon isotope discrimination method, we quantified genetic variability in g m under ideal conditions, investigated g m response to N source (N2-fixation or inorganic N) and determined the effects of N source and water availability on the rapid response of g m to photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and radiation wavelength in three genotypes of chickpea (Cicer arietinum). Genotypes varied 2-fold in g m under non-limiting environments. N-fed plants had higher g m than N2-fixing plants in one genotype, while g m in the other two genotypes
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5ht702qj
Sulfur starvation in rice: the effect on photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and oxidative stress protective pathways<...Sulfur starvation in rice: the effect on photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and oxidative stress protective pathways<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Sulfur starvation in rice. T2 - the effect on photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and oxidative stress protective pathways. AU - Lunde, Christina. AU - Zygadlo, Agnieszka. AU - Simonsen, Henrik Toft. AU - Nielsen, Per Lassen. AU - Blennow, Andreas. AU - Haldrup, Anna. PY - 2008. Y1 - 2008. N2 - Sulfur-deficient plants generate a lower yield and have a reduced nutritional value. The process of sulfur acquisition and assimilation play an integral role in plant metabolism, and response to sulfur deficiency involves a large number of plant constituents. Rice (Oryza sativa) is the second most consumed cereal grain, and the effects of sulfur deprivation in rice were analyzed by measuring changes in photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and antioxidants. The photosynthetic apparatus was severely affected under sulfur deficiency. The Chl content was reduced by 49% because of a general reduction of PSII and PSI and the associated light-harvesting antenna. The PSII efficiency was ...
https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/sulfur-starvation-in-rice-the-effect-on-photosynthesis-carbohydra
IPBiz: US Patent 8,993,290 with Tony Melis as first inventor, titled Continuous diffusion based method of cultivating...IPBiz: US Patent 8,993,290 with Tony Melis as first inventor, titled Continuous diffusion based method of cultivating...
Thus, in one aspect, the invention provides a method of cultivating photosynthetic microorganisms in a sealed photobioreactor to obtain a volatile product of photosynthesis generated by the microorganisms, the method comprising culturing a photosynthetic microorganism in a sealed photobioreactor, wherein the photobioreactor contains a lower aqueous phase comprising the photosynthetic microorganism, and an upper gaseous phase, wherein the upper gaseous phase has a CO.sub.2 concentration of at least 10%; introducing additional CO2 into the upper gaseous phase when the CO.sub.2 concentration drops below 10%; and collecting the volatile product that is sequestered into the gaseous phase and displaced by the additional CO.sub.2. In some embodiments, the photosynthetic microorganism is a recombinant organism that expresses at least one heterologous gene that produces the volatile hydrocarbon, such as isoprene. In some embodiments, the microorganism expresses an isoprene synthase gene. In some ...
http://ipbiz.blogspot.com/2015/03/us-patent-8993290-with-tony-melis-as.html
First European Congress on Photosynthesis Research - ePS-Young
The theme of the ePS-Young meeting broadly mirrors the main meeting:. Photosynthesis: physiology, structure and mechanisms.. Global photosynthesis: improving crops, forests and relationship between photosynthesis and climate. Solar fuels: Artificial photosynthesis, microbial photosynthetic products.. Two keynote lectures were given by Professor Ferdi Schüth, vice president of the Max-Planck-Society, and by Professor Michael R. Wasielewski, executive director of the Solar Fuels Institute at Northwestern University.. The meeting took place at the Ångström Laboratory in Uppsala. Oral presentations were selected from submitted abstracts. In order to provide more opportunities for young researchers to highlight their own science, there were also flash poster presentations (3 min each), followed immediately by poster sessions to encourage active discussions. An overview of the program is found in the PDF-file on this page. ...
http://eps1.org/ePS-Young/
Variation in photosynthesis and stomatal conductance among red maple (Acer rubrum) urban planted cultivars and wildtype trees...Variation in photosynthesis and stomatal conductance among red maple (Acer rubrum) urban planted cultivars and wildtype trees...
Photosynthesis is a fundamental process that trees perform over fluctuating environmental conditions. This study of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) characterizes photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency in planted cultivars relative to wildtype trees. Red maple is common in cities, yet there is little understanding of how physiological processes affect the long-term growth, condition, and ecosystem services provided by urban trees. In the first year of our study, we measured leaf-level gas exchange and performed short-term temperature curves on urban planted cultivars and on suburban and rural wildtype trees. In the second year, we compared urban planted cultivars and urban wildtype trees. In the first year, urban planted trees had higher maximum rates of photosynthesis and higher overall rates of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance throughout the summer, relative to suburban or rural wildtype trees. Urban planted trees again had higher maximum rates of photosynthesis in the second
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0197866
Photosynthesis (The light reactions convert solar energy to the chemical…Photosynthesis (The light reactions convert solar energy to the chemical…
Photosynthesis (The light reactions convert solar energy to the chemical…: Photosynthesis (The light reactions convert solar energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH , The Calvin cycle uses ATP&NADPH to convert CO2 to sugar, Photosynthesis converts light energy to the chemical energy of food)
https://coggle.it/diagram/XCOJkE8yTLQOjZYd/t/photosynthesis
4 Organisms That Don T Do Photosynthesis | Scientific Explanations4 Organisms That Don T Do Photosynthesis | Scientific Explanations
Plant scientists have observed that when levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere rise, most plants do something unusual. a doctoral student in biology. Scientists dont know why plants thicken.. The basic answer would be that they use photosynthesis to extract nutrients from the suns rays which they need to surviveâ ¦ I dont really know much about itâ ¦ look up photosynthesis on.. LAB 7 - Photosynthesis Introduction In order to survive, organisms require a source of energy and molecular building blocks to construct all of their biological molecules. The ultimate source of energy for almost all of life on Earth is the light that comes from the sun (see the box on the next page for an. And it wasnt just any kind of mud: It was samples from a hydrothermal vent field thousands of feet below the Atlantic.. Photosynthesis Quiz You got: % Correct. Getting Better Understanding Photosynthesis Yagi Studio / Getty Images Good work! You didnt get a perfect score on the quiz, but now you should ...
https://www.theveganapprentice.com/4-organisms-that-don-t-do-photosynthesis/
From proto-Kranz to C4 Kranz: building the bridge to C4 photosynthesis
This review examines hypotheses addressing structural/functional changes occurring during the evolution of C4 Kranz anatomy from C3 species and the role of photorespiration in these processes.In this review, we examine how the specialized “Kranz†anatomy of C4 photosynthesis evolved from C3 ancestors. Kranz anatomy refers to the wreath-like structural traits that compartmentalize the biochemistry of C4 photosynthesis and enables the concentration of CO2 around Rubisco. A simplified version of Kranz anatomy is also present in the species that utilize C2 photosynthesis, where a photorespiratory glycine shuttle concentrates CO2 into an inner bundle-sheath-like compartment surrounding the vascular tissue. C2 Kranz is considered to be an intermediate stage in the evolutionary development of C4 Kranz, based on the intermediate branching position of C2 species in 14 evolutionary lineages of C4 photosynthesis. In the best-supported model of C4 evolution, Kranz anatomy in C2 species evolved ...
http://edc-connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/97040061/from-proto-kranz-c4-kranz-building-bridge-c4-photosynthesis
Jan Van Helmont Photosynthesis - Website of bebeyoga!Jan Van Helmont Photosynthesis - Website of bebeyoga!
Further Information / Sources : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_van_Helmont Van Helmont concluded that the tree gained weight. Jan Baptista Van Helmont (1577?1644), a Flemish physician, chemist, and physicist who made an important early contribution to our understanding of photosynthesis. Von Helmont did not discover photosynthesis, but his famous experiment with the willow tree planted in a measured fixed amount of soil over several years gave a very. Why are they relevant to what we no know about photosynthesis. Van helmont photosynthesis Von Helmont did not discover photosynthesis, but his famous experiment with the willow tree planted in a measured fixed amount of soil over several years gave a very. Willows and Photosynthesis: Analyzing van Helmonts Classic Experiment Jean Baptista van Helmont (1577-1644) performed one of the classic experiments in. Jan Baptista Van Helmont (1577?1644), a Flemish physician, chemist, and physicist who made an important early contribution to our ...
https://bebeyoga.jimdo.com/2012/07/18/jan-van-helmont-photosynthesis/
Competition for inorganic carbon between oxygenic and anoxygenic phototrophs in a hypersaline microbial mat, Guerrero Negro,...Competition for inorganic carbon between oxygenic and anoxygenic phototrophs in a hypersaline microbial mat, Guerrero Negro,...
While most oxygenic phototrophs harvest light only in the visible range (400-700 nm, VIS), anoxygenic phototrophs can harvest near infrared light (, 700 nm, NIR). To study interactions between the photosynthetic guilds we used microsensors to measure oxygen and gross oxygenic photosynthesis (gOP) in a hypersaline microbial mat under full (VIS + NIR) and VIS illumination. Under normal dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations (2 mM), volumetric rates of gOP were reduced up to 65% and areal rates by 16-31% at full compared with VIS illumination. This effect was enhanced (reduction up to 100% in volumetric, 50% in areal rates of gOP) when DIC was lowered to 1 mM, but diminished at 10 mM DIC or lowered pH. In conclusion, under full-light illumination anoxygenic phototrophs are able to reduce the activity of oxygenic phototrophs by efficiently competing for inorganic carbon within the highly oxygenated layer. Anoxygenic photosynthesis, calculated from the difference in gOP under full and VIS ...
http://www.forskningsdatabasen.dk/catalog/240716263
Photosynthesis across African cassava germplasm is limited by Rubisco and mesophyll conductance at steady‐state, but by...Photosynthesis across African cassava germplasm is limited by Rubisco and mesophyll conductance at steady‐state, but by...
Sub‐Saharan Africa is projected to see a 55% increase in food demand by 2035, where cassava (Manihot esculenta) is the most planted crop and a major calorie source. Cassava yield has not increased significantly for 13 years. Improvement of genetic yield potential, the basis of the first Green Revolution, could be increased by improving photosynthetic efficiency. First, the factors limiting photosynthesis and their genetic variability within extant germplasm must be understood.. Biochemical and diffusive limitations to leaf photosynthetic CO2 uptake under steady‐state and fluctuating light in thirteen farm‐preferred and high‐yielding African cultivars were analyzed. A cassava leaf metabolic model was developed to quantify the value of overcoming limitations to leaf photosynthesis.. At steady‐state, in vivo Rubisco activity and mesophyll conductance accounted for 84% of the limitation whereas under non‐steady‐state conditions of shade to sun transition stomatal conductance was the ...
https://ripe.illinois.edu/publications/photosynthesis-across-african-cassava-germplasm-limited-rubisco-and-mesophyll
Artificial photosynthesis: developing a simple, functional light harvesting porphyrin-protein ensembleArtificial photosynthesis: developing a simple, functional light harvesting porphyrin-protein ensemble
One of the great scientific challenges of the 21st Century is the development of a light-driven catalytic system that will convert carbon dioxide and water to fuel (hydrogen or hydrocarbon) and food ¿ ¿artificial photosynthesis¿. This research project aims to build and study light harvesting photosynthetic reaction centre mimics based on porphyrin arrays (artificial chlorophyll) and synthetic protein helices (maquettes), structurally simpler analogues of natural redox proteins. This will be the first stage in the development of artificial photosynthesis, the creation of an efficient light harvesting biomimetic material that could be used as a photocatalyst for splitting water, reducing carbon dioxide or driving solar cells ...
https://scholars.uow.edu.au/display/grant101705
Dye Assemblies for Artificial PhotosynthesisDye Assemblies for Artificial Photosynthesis
Natural photosynthesis provides a blueprint for a future technology that may deliver clean energy for a sustainable hydrogen and/or carbon based cycle. In natural photosynthesis various molecular components are properly assembled to accomplish light harvesting, charge separation and catalytic water splitting into hydrogen (NADH) and oxygen. Understanding the operating principles of the natural photosynthetic apparatus and designing artificial counterparts that accomplish the elemental steps of natural photosynthesis are therefore topics of considerable scientific interest [1,2]. In this lecture I will highlight recent achievements of my laboratory with regard to light harvesting and exciton transport in dye aggregates [3], symmetry-breaking charge separation in perylene bisimide cyclophanes [4] and photo-driven water oxidation by macrocycles bearing three ruthenium centers [5].. References:. ...
http://www.iciq.org/agenda/dye-assemblies-for-artificial-photosynthesis/
Greenness Indices From Digital Cameras Predict The Timing And Seasonal Dynamics Of Canopy-Scale Photosynthesis - AmeriFlux
The proliferation of digital cameras co‐located with eddy covariance instrumentation provides new opportunities to better understand the relationship between canopy phenology and the seasonality of canopy photosynthesis. In this paper we analyze the abilities and limitations of canopy color metrics measured by digital repeat photography to track seasonal canopy development and photosynthesis, determine phenological transition dates, and estimate intra‐annual and interannual variability in canopy photosynthesis. We used 59 site‐years of camera imagery and net ecosystem exchange measurements from 17 towers spanning three plant functional types (deciduous broadleaf forest, evergreen needleleaf forest, and grassland/crops) to derive color indices and estimate gross primary productivity (GPP). GPP was strongly correlated with greenness derived from camera imagery in all three plant functional types. Specifically, the beginning of the photosynthetic period in deciduous broadleaf forest and ...
https://ameriflux.lbl.gov/community/publication/greenness-indices-from-digital-cameras-predict-the-timing-and-seasonal-dynamics-of-canopy-scale-photosynthesis-2/
Comparison of changes in water status and photosynthetic parameters in wild type and abscisic acid-deficient sitiens mutant of...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Comparison of changes in water status and photosynthetic parameters in wild type and abscisic acid-deficient sitiens mutant of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Rheinlands Ruhm) exposed to sublethal and lethal salt stress. AU - Poór, Péter. AU - Borbély, Péter. AU - Czékus, Zalán. AU - Takács, Zoltán. AU - Ördög, Attila. AU - Popović, Boris. AU - Tari, I.. PY - 2019/1/1. Y1 - 2019/1/1. N2 - Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates many salt stress-related processes of plants such as water balance, osmotic stress tolerance and photosynthesis. In this study we investigated the responses of wild type (WT) and the ABA-deficient sitiens mutant of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Rheinlands Ruhm) to sublethal and lethal salt stress elicited by 100 mM and 250 mM NaCl, respectively. Sitiens mutants displayed much higher decrease in water potential, stomatal conductance and net CO2 assimilation rate under high salinity, especially at lethal salt stress, than the WT. However, ABA deficiency ...
https://hungary.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/comparison-of-changes-in-water-status-and-photosynthetic-paramete
photosynthesis and cellular respiration quiz 7th grade
Gravity. 0. Learn the basics of how respiration helps animals and humans to survive. We will also learn about the chemical process, called Cellular Respiration that changes glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and energy (ATP) in the mitochondria of animal … Unit Test: Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration (Review) DRAFT. 7th Grade Cellular Respiration And Photosynthesis Chart . Played 0 times. On the board I make a chart that shows photosynthesis and cellular respiration. If youre seeing this message, it means were having trouble loading external resources on our website. Teachers Lounge. Students will test their knowledge of these two processes. Students will test their knowledge of these two processes. Rags to Riches: Answer questions in a quest for fame and fortune. 10 minutes ago by. The total time allowed for this quiz is 35 minutes. Welcome. Learn. Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis Notes (Google Slides) Photosynthesis Videos - Bill Nye - The Discovery of ...
http://drjenniferhoward.tv/vdq4x/c718e0-photosynthesis-and-cellular-respiration-quiz-7th-grade
Photosynthesis Worksheet Answer Key Best Of Synthesis and Respiration Model Worksheet Answer Key - Chessmuseum Template Library
Photosynthesis Worksheet Answer Key Best Of Synthesis and Respiration Model Worksheet Answer Key one of Chessmuseum Template Library - free resume template for word education on a resume example ideas, to explore this Photosynthesis Worksheet Answer Key Best Of Synthesis and Respiration Model Worksheet Answer Key idea you can browse by and . We hope your happy with this Photosynthesis Worksheet Answer Key Best Of Synthesis and Respiration Model Worksheet Answer Key idea. You can download and please share this Photosynthesis Worksheet Answer Key Best Of Synthesis and Respiration Model Worksheet Answer Key ideas to your friends and family via your social media account. Back to 50 Photosynthesis Worksheet Answer Key. ...
https://chessmuseum.org/50-photosynthesis-worksheet-answer-key/photosynthesis-worksheet-answer-key-best-of-synthesis-and-respiration-model-worksheet-answer-key/
University of Illinois to improve crop yield through photosynthesis in a new global effort | RIPEUniversity of Illinois to improve crop yield through photosynthesis in a new global effort | RIPE
RIPE project aims to increase photosynthetic efficiency for sustainable yield increases.. The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign has received a five-year, $25-million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to improve the photosynthetic properties of key food crops, including rice and cassava. The project, titled RIPE - Realizing Increased Photosynthetic Efficiency, has the potential to benefit farmers around the world by increasing productivity of staple food crops. Illinois research will take place at the Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology (IGB), a state-of-the-art facility whose large shared laboratories accommodate multiple groups and encourage cross-discipline interaction.. This grant will be game changing, says Stephen Long, Project Director and Gutgsell Endowed Professor of Crop Sciences and Plant Biology at Illinois. This project represents a huge effort to determine and apply the mechanisms of photosynthesis that can contribute to the challenge of this ...
https://ripe.illinois.edu/index.php/press/press-releases/university-illinois-improve-crop-yield-through-photosynthesis-new-global
THE PHOTOINHIBITION OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN WINTER WHEAT LEAVES UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS--《ACTA BOTANICA BOREALI-OCCIDENTALIA...THE PHOTOINHIBITION OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN WINTER WHEAT LEAVES UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS--《ACTA BOTANICA BOREALI-OCCIDENTALIA...
The degree of photoinhibition of photosynthesis was compared between vertical (leaf angle 80° from the horizontal) and horizontal (leaf angle 0°) winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) leaves subjected to midday strong light stress under field conditions.This was done by measuring the PSⅡ photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and the apparent quantum yield (AQY).On a clear day with maximum light level above 1600 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 and maximum leaf temperature 37.6℃,the Fv/Fm and AQY of the horizontal leaves were much lower than those of the vertical leaves after exposure to midday strong light for 4 hours,showing a more severe photoinhibition developed in horizontal leaves.Since the differences in leaf water potential and leaf temperature were negligible between horizontal and vertical leaves,the light intensity was the only factor causing difference in the degree of photoinhibition.On clear days with maximum leaf temperature 34.5℃,no difference in the extent of photoinhibition was observed
http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DNYX804.010.htm
Plastid thylakoid architecture optimizes photosynthesis in diatoms - Research CollectionPlastid thylakoid architecture optimizes photosynthesis in diatoms - Research Collection
Photosynthesis is a unique process that allows independent colonization of the land by plants and of the oceans by phytoplankton. Although the photosynthesis process is well understood in plants, we are still unlocking the mechanisms evolved by phytoplankton to achieve extremely efficient photosynthesis. Here, we combine biochemical, structural and in vivo physiological studies to unravel the structure of the plastid in diatoms, prominent marine eukaryotes. Biochemical and immunolocalization analyses reveal segregation of photosynthetic complexes in the loosely stacked thylakoid membranes typical of diatoms. Separation of photosystems within subdomains minimizes their physical contacts, as required for improved light utilization. Chloroplast 3D reconstruction and in vivo spectroscopy show that these subdomains are interconnected, ensuring fast equilibration of electron carriers for efficient optimum photosynthesis. Thus, diatoms and plants have converged towards a similar functional distribution ...
https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/handle/20.500.11850/183004
Bacterial anoxygenic photosynthesis on plant leaf surfaces - Zurich Open Repository and ArchiveBacterial anoxygenic photosynthesis on plant leaf surfaces - Zurich Open Repository and Archive
The aerial surface of plants, the phyllosphere, is colonized by numerous bacteria displaying diverse metabolic properties that enable their survival in this specific habitat. Recently, we reported on the presence of microbial rhodopsin harbouring bacteria on the top of leaf surfaces. Here, we report on the presence of additional bacterial populations capable of harvesting light as a means of supplementing their metabolic requirements. An analysis of six phyllosphere metagenomes revealed the presence of a diverse community of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria, including the previously reported methylobacteria, as well as other known and unknown phototrophs. The presence of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria was also confirmed in situ by infrared epifluorescence microscopy. The microscopic enumeration correlated with estimates based on metagenomic analyses, confirming both the presence and high abundance of these microorganisms in the phyllosphere. Our data suggest that the phyllosphere contains a ...
http://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/80289/
Structural and functional alterations in photosynthetic apparatus of plants under cadmium stress | Botanical Studies | Full TextStructural and functional alterations in photosynthetic apparatus of plants under cadmium stress | Botanical Studies | Full Text
Cadmium is a potentially toxic heavy metal that hampers plant productivity by interfering with their photochemistry. Cd causes disturbances in a range of physiological processes of plants such as photosynthesis, water relations, ion metabolism and mineral uptake. Cd pronouncedly affects photosynthesis by alteration of its vital machinery in all aspects. Photosynthesis is a well organised and sequential process fundamental to all green plants and microorganisms which involves various components, including photosynthetic pigments and photosystems, the electron transport system and CO2 reduction pathways. Any damage at any level caused by Cd, critically affects overall photosynthetic capacity. Present review focuses on key effects of Cd on photosynthetic apparatus including chloroplast structure, photosynthetic pigments, Chl-protein complexes and photosystems resulting in overall decrease in efficiency of carbon assimilation pathway.
https://as-botanicalstudies.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/1999-3110-54-45
REVIEW: Time lag between photosynthesis and carbon dioxide efflux from soil: a review of mechanisms and controls - KUZYAKOV -...REVIEW: Time lag between photosynthesis and carbon dioxide efflux from soil: a review of mechanisms and controls - KUZYAKOV -...
CO2 efflux from soil depends on the availability of organic substances respired by roots and microorganisms. Therefore, photosynthetic activity supplying carbohydrates from leaves to roots and rhizosphere is a key driver of soil CO2. This fact has been overlooked in most soil CO2 studies because temperature variations are highly correlated with solar radiation and mask the direct effect of photosynthesis on substrate availability in soil. This review highlights the importance of photosynthesis for rhizosphere processes and evaluates the time lag between carbon (C) assimilation and CO2 release from soil. Mechanisms and processes contributing to the lag were evaluated. We compared the advantages and shortcomings of four main approaches used to estimate this time lag: (1) interruption of assimilate flow from leaves into the roots and rhizosphere, and analysis of the decrease of CO2 efflux from soil, (2) time series analysis (TSA) of CO2 fluxes from soil and photosynthesis proxies, (3) analysis of ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02179.x/full?globalMessage=0
talks.cam : Cooperative division of cognitive labour: the social epistemology of photosynthesis researchtalks.cam : Cooperative division of cognitive labour: the social epistemology of photosynthesis research
If you have a question about this talk, please contact Agnes Bolinska.. Historians and philosophers of science have long recognised that the generation of scientific knowledge is a social endeavour, and that traditional epistemologies, which focus on individual scientists, are unable to capture its dynamics. Historians have provided rich accounts of research groups and institutions, although more recently, epistemological questions have received less attention. Philosophers of science, on the other hand, have developed formalised models that are difficult to match with actual historical episodes. In this paper, I argue that an integrated HPS perspective helps to better understand the social epistemologies of scientific collectives.. I flesh out this claim by presenting episodes from the history of photosynthesis research in the late 19th to mid-20th century. In this period, photosynthesis became a subject of great interest for researchers from many different disciplines, while the underlying ...
https://talks.cam.ac.uk/talk/index/129850
Photosynthetic functions of leaves affected by the bibenzyl batatasin-IIIPhotosynthetic functions of leaves affected by the bibenzyl batatasin-III
inproceedings{41c8c41b-a2f5-4475-8be9-0341dfcd092f, abstract = {In northern Sweden, Empetrum hermaphroditum Hagerup dominates the ground layer vegetation in post fire successions by suppressing other plant species. Previous studies suggest that this negative effect by E. hermaphroditum may be explained, at least in part, by the release of phenolic compounds, particularly batatasin-III, from foliage to soil. In this pilot study, we evaluated the effect of batatasin-III on photosynthesis by applying the compound (0.1, 1.0, or 2.8 mM) directly to the transpiration stream of intact Spinacia oleracea L. (spinach) and Betula pendula L. (birch) leaves. Within the concentration range used, batatasin-III had a small, but significant, effect on photosynthesis. The strongest effect was found on CO2 assimilation, but there were also significant effects on respiration and on maximum quantum yield of chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv / Fm). In spinach leaves treated with 2.8 mM of batatasin-III, a 14 % decrease in ...
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/1406950
Differences between Maize and Rice in N-use Efficiency for Photosynthesis and Protein Allocation : Plant and Cell Physiology -...
The N-use efficiency for photosynthesis was higher in a C4 plant, maize, than in a C3 plant, rice, including rbcS antisense rice with optimal ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) content for CO2-saturated photosynthesis, even when photosynthesis was measured under saturating CO2 conditions. The N cost for the C4 cycle enzymes in maize was not large, and the lower amount of Rubisco allowed a greater N investment in the thylakoid components. This greater content of the thylakoid components as well as the CO2 concentrating mechanism may support higher N-use efficiency for photosynthesis in maize.. ...
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/pcp/pcg113
Sheffield academic part of a team awarded over €7 million for pioneering research on photosynthesis - Latest - News - The...Sheffield academic part of a team awarded over €7 million for pioneering research on photosynthesis - Latest - News - The...
A University of Sheffield academic is part of a research team which has been awarded over €7 million to continue pioneering research into photosynthesis by the European Research Council (ERC).. Professor Neil Hunter, Krebs Professor of Biochemistry at the University of Sheffield, Professor Josef Komenda from the Institute of Microbiology at the Czech Academy of Sciences and Professor Dario Leister from the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, have been awarded an ERC Synergy Grant.. Photosynthesis is a fundamental process on Earth, harnessing the energy of sunlight to generate the oxygen we breathe and the food we eat. However, plants and other photosynthetic organisms absorb only a fraction of the available solar energy and incur further losses converting this energy into biomass.. The research funded with an ERC Synergy Grant, one of only 37 awarded in all subjects across Europe, will combine expertise in genetics, biochemistry and biophysics to design novel versions of photosynthesis. ...
https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/news/nr/sheffield-awarded-million-euros-research-photosynthesis-1.868583
How does light wavelength affect photosynthesis? | Reference.comHow does light wavelength affect photosynthesis? | Reference.com
Photosynthesis is most efficient at light wavelengths between 400 and 500 nanometers and 600 to 700 nanometers. The green pigment, chlorophyll, restricts the efficiency of photosynthesis....
https://www.reference.com/science/light-wavelength-affect-photosynthesis-b6c37af3bf89e550
Sujith Puthiyaveetil - Interdisciplinary Life Science - PULSe - Purdue UniversitySujith Puthiyaveetil - Interdisciplinary Life Science - PULSe - Purdue University
Our laboratory studies the molecular strategies used by plants, algae and cyanobacteria to maximize their photosynthetic efficiency in an unpredictable and at times rapidly changing light environment. Photosystems are pigment-protein complexes that perform light harvesting and primary light-driven electron transport reactions of photosynthesis. Two spectrally and functionally distinct photosystems participate in the oxygen-evolving photosynthesis of plants, algae and cyanobactetia. Light quality gradients that favour one photosystem over the other initiate a remarkable acclimatory response known as the photosystem stoichiometry adjustment, wherein the relative abundance of the two photosystems is adjusted so as to correct the energy conversion at the rate-limiting photosystem. In this acclimatory response the photosynthetic electron transport provides a feedback regulatory signal that controls the expression of the nuclear-encoded photosystem II (PS II) antenna genes and the chloroplast-encoded ...
https://www.purdue.edu/gradschool/pulse/groups/profiles/faculty/puthiya.html
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process whereby biological systems convert sunlight into food and the source of all the fossil fuels we burn today. In a way it is the ultimate source of all energy supplies that we use. Glasgow scientists Professor Lee Cronin, Gardiner Chair of Chemistry, and Professor Mike Blatt, Regius Professor of Botany, will lead the UK efforts in two of four transatlantic research teams exploring ways to overcome limitations in photosynthesis which could then lead to ways of significantly increasing the yield of important crops for food production or sustainable bioenergy.. !ADVERTISEMENT!. Photosynthesis is a chemical process that converts carbon dioxide into organic compounds, especially sugars, using the energy from sunlight. Photosynthesis occurs in plants, algae, and many species of bacteria, but not in archaea. It is the source of energy for nearly all life on earth, either directly, through primary production, or indirectly, as the ultimate source of the energy in their food. ...
https://www.enn.com/articles/44021
Wiley: Natural and Artificial Photosynthesis: Solar Power as an Energy Source - Reza RazeghifardWiley: Natural and Artificial Photosynthesis: Solar Power as an Energy Source - Reza Razeghifard
This technical book explores current and future applications of solar power as an unlimited source of energy that earth receives every day. Photosynthetic organisms have learned to utilize this abundant source of energy by converting it into high-energy biochemical compounds. Inspired by the efficient conversion of solar energy into an electron flow, attempts have been made to construct artificial photosynthetic systems capable of establishing a charge separation state for generating electricity or driving chemical reactions. Another important aspect of photosynthesis is the CO2 fixation and the production of high energy compounds. Photosynthesis can produce biomass using solar energy while reducing the CO2 level in air. Biomass can be converted into biofuels such as biodiesel and bioethanol. Under certain conditions, photosynthetic organisms can also produce hydrogen gas which is one of the cleanest sources of energy. ...
http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-1118160061.html
MICROBE Life Hydroponics: Photosynthesis Plus Gal [hf-ML21228] - Nutrients & Supplements - Gardening & Hydroponics Store -...MICROBE Life Hydroponics: Photosynthesis Plus Gal [hf-ML21228] - Nutrients & Supplements - Gardening & Hydroponics Store -...
MICROBE Life Hydroponics Photosynthesis Plus Gal Microbe Life Hydroponics Photosynthesis Plus Gal (ML21228) Photosynthetic bacteria will promote photosynthesis in all plants, unlike endo and ecto fungi which only works on specific species. Use in addition to ALL nutrient and fertilizer programs for maximum yields! Not for sale in CA, LA, MS, OK, OR, SD, WI at this time. Manufacturers Product Information MSRP each $ 79.95 UPC 097121215550 Dimensions 4 x 10.7 x 7.5 Case Weight 36 Case Quantity 4 MICROBE Life Hydroponics: Photosynthesis Plus Gal [hf-ML21228] - Nutrients & Supplements - Gardening & Hydroponics Store -
http://www.horticulturesource.com/hydrofarm-photosynthesis-plus-gal-p20048/
Fluctuating Light Takes Crop Photosynthesis on a Rollercoaster Ride | Alejandro MoralesFluctuating Light Takes Crop Photosynthesis on a Rollercoaster Ride | Alejandro Morales
The environment of the natural world in which plants live and have evolved and within which photosynthesis operates is one characterized by change. The time scales over which change occurs can range from seconds (or less) all the way to the geological scale. All of these changes are relevant for understanding plants and the vegetation they create. In this update review, we will focus on how photosynthesis responds to fluctuations in irradiance with time constants up to the range of tens of minutes.
https://alemorales.info/publication/plantphysreview-2018/
Write The Chemical Equation For Cellular Respiration And Photosynthesis - Jennarocca
The chemical equation for photosynthesis and cellular respiration how is the equation for photosynthesis explained quora talkchannels 10 cellular respiration is almost a mirror image of photosynthesis chemical equation 9 cellular respiration write the word equation mechanism of photosynthesis assignment help homework online print equation lesson for kids worksheet ...
http://jennarocca.com/write-the-chemical-equation-for-cellular-respiration-and-photosynthesis/
Control of Peripheral Light-Harvesting Complex Synthesis by a Bacteriophytochrome in the Aerobic Photosynthetic Bacterium...Control of Peripheral Light-Harvesting Complex Synthesis by a Bacteriophytochrome in the Aerobic Photosynthetic Bacterium...
Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria have the ability to transform light energy into biochemical amenable energy for their growth and motion. The collection of light and its transformation into chemical energy are mediated by the so-called photosynthetic apparatus. This complex system is composed of three multimeric transmembrane protein complexes: the light-harvesting (LH) complexes, the photochemical reaction center (RC), and the cytochrome bc 1 complex located in the intracytoplasmic membrane. Light collected by the peripheral LH complexes is transferred first to the LH1 complex, which absorbs at around 870 nm, and then to the RC, where a charge separation occurs. This initiates a cyclic electron transfer between the RC and cytochrome bc 1 via electron carrier proteins in the periplasmic space and quinone molecules in the membrane. This cyclic electron transfer is coupled to the translocation of protons and to the formation of a proton motive force across the inner membrane, ultimately used for ...
https://jb.asm.org/content/190/17/5824
Plus itPlus it
C4 photosynthesis is based on the division of labor between two distinct photosynthetically active cell types: mesophyll and bundle sheath cells. After conversion to HCO3−CO2 is initially fixed in mesophyll cells by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in the form of either malate or Asp and then transported into bundle sheath cells. There CO2 is released, refixed by ribulose-1,5-bis-phosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), and finally enters the Calvin-Benson cycle as it occurs in C3 plants. As a bifunctional enzyme, Rubisco is able to catalyze the carboxylation as well as the oxygenation of its substrate ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate. The fixation of O2 leads to accumulation of phosphoglycolate, which is toxic for plant cells. To regenerate phosphoglycerate from phosphoglycolate, photorespiration is essential. However, this metabolic pathway leads to the loss of previously fixed CO2 and thus decreases the efficiency of photosynthesis. The high concentration of CO2 in the bundle sheath cells, caused ...
http://www.plantcell.org/content/24/1/137
Can leaf net photosynthesis acclimate to rising and more variable temperatures?Can leaf net photosynthesis acclimate to rising and more variable temperatures?
Under future climates, leaf temperature (T-l) will be higher and more variable. This will affect plant carbon (C) balance because photosynthesis and respiration both respond to short-term (subdaily) fluctuations in T-l and acclimate in the longer term (days to months). This study asks the question: To what extent can the potential and speed of photosynthetic acclimation buffer leaf C gain from rising and increasing variable T-l? We quantified how increases in the mean and variability of growth temperature affect leaf performance (mean net CO2 assimilation rates, A(net); its variability; and time under near-optimal photosynthetic conditions), as mediated by thermal acclimation. To this aim, the probability distribution of A(net) was obtained by combining a probabilistic description of short- and long-term changes in T-l with data on A(net) responses to these changes, encompassing 75 genera and 111 species, including both C3 and C4 species. Our results show that (a) expected increases in T-l ...
http://su.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1332001&c=40&searchType=SIMPLE&language=en&query=&af=%5B%5D&aq=%5B%5B%7B%22personId%22%3A%22smanz%22%7D%5D%5D&aq2=%5B%5B%5D%5D&aqe=%5B%5D&noOfRows=50&sortOrder=author_sort_asc&sortOrder2=title_sort_asc&onlyFullText=false&sf=all
Seeing photosynthesis at the nanoscale: mapping physical properties of light-harvesting biomembranes by high-resolution...
Seeing photosynthesis at the nanoscale: mapping physical properties of light-harvesting biomembranes by high-resolution microscopy and spectroscopy, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds
https://phd.leeds.ac.uk/project/433-seeing-photosynthesis-at-the-nanoscale-mapping-physical-properties-of-light-harvesting-biomembranes-by-high-resolution-microscopy-and-spectroscopy
The effect of a novel plant activator on photosynthesis in wheatThe effect of a novel plant activator on photosynthesis in wheat
The use of plant activators offers an exciting new approach for the enhancement of growth and yield in crops and ornamental plants. During a previous study, the effect of a Lupinus albus L. seed suspension (SS), a novel plant activator, was tested on different crops. Field trials indicated that SS application could be linked to improved growth and yield of agricultural as well as horticultural crops. The aim of this study was thus to confirm the results of Van der Watt (2005) by studying the effects of SS on photosynthesis and gene expression in wheat. When applied to Thatcher + Lr34 wheat, chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements indicated that unstressed plants were not dramatically affected by SS application. However, when placed under water and heat stress, SS treatment improved the actual photosynthetic ability of the plants by reducing photo-inhibition as measured by heat loss as opposed to the control treatment. On molecular level, three different techniques were used to confirm the ...
https://scholar.ufs.ac.za/handle/11660/1860
Low CO2 does not remove diffusional limitation to photosynthesis in salt stressed tomato during osmotic phase - Semantic ScholarLow CO2 does not remove diffusional limitation to photosynthesis in salt stressed tomato during osmotic phase - Semantic Scholar
Salinity is one of the main environmental stress for crops such as tomato which is widely spread in the Mediterranean region. It is now widely considered that in plant adaptation to salts, the time scale of the response is essential. During the initial phase of response to salinity, when the osmotic effect predominates, plant response to salts is regulated by hormones, and between them abscisic acid plays a crucial role. We showed that on tomato crops during the first phase (osmotic one) low CO2 conditioning treatment before photosynthetic response to carbon dioxide concentration (A-Ci curve) is not applicable because diffusional limitations to photosynthesis is not removed by low CO2 air concentration. Conditioning at low CO2 is not sufficient to remove diffusional limitation of photosynthesis in salt stressed tomatoes during osmotic phase.
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Low-CO2-does-not-remove-diffusional-limitation-to-Lovelli-Perniola/9605647a0e7f840c6f82ee0cc5762852c29de1fb
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
This oxygenic photosynthesis is by far the most common type of photosynthesis used by living organisms. Although there are some ... In general outline, photosynthesis is the opposite of cellular respiration: while photosynthesis is a process of reduction of ... Gest H (2002). "History of the word photosynthesis and evolution of its definition". Photosynthesis Research. 73 (1-3): 7-10. ... Gest H (2000). "Bicentenary homage to Dr Jan Ingen-Housz, MD (1730-1799), pioneer of photosynthesis research". Photosynthesis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis
Alarm photosynthesisAlarm photosynthesis
... is a variation of photosynthesis where calcium oxalate crystals function as dynamic carbon pools, ... or saving water and reducing photosynthesis. The function of alarm photosynthesis seems to be rather auxiliary to the overall ... The alarm photosynthesis process was first evidenced in pigweed Amaranthus hybridus plant in 2016 when A. hybridus leaves were ... Alarm photosynthesis represents an unknown photosynthetic variation to be added to the already known C4 and CAM pathways. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alarm_photosynthesis
Artificial photosynthesisArtificial photosynthesis
... is a chemical process that biomimics the natural process of photosynthesis to convert sunlight, water ... Towards Global Artificial Photosynthesis Lord Howe Island 2011 "Artificial Photosynthesis". Archived from the original on 28 ... The term artificial photosynthesis is commonly used to refer to any scheme for capturing and storing the energy from sunlight ... Similar to natural photosynthesis, such artificial leaves can use a tandem of light absorbers for overall water splitting or ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_photosynthesis
Photosynthesis systemPhotosynthesis system
Net photosynthesis per unit leaf area is derived by dividing net photosynthetic rate by the leaf area enclosed by the chamber. ... Modern 'open system' photosynthesis systems remove the CO2 and water vapour by passage over soda lime and Drierite, then add ... Photosynthesis systems function by measuring gas exchange of leaves. Atmospheric carbon dioxide is taken up by leaves in the ... Photosynthesis systems are commonly used in agronomic and environmental research, as well as studies of the global carbon cycle ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis_system
Anoxygenic photosynthesisAnoxygenic photosynthesis
Bacterial anoxygenic photosynthesis differs from the better known oxygenic photosynthesis in plants by the reductant used (e.g ... The pigments used to carry out anaerobic photosynthesis are similar to chlorophyll but differ in molecular detail and peak ... ISBN 0-7637-0837-2. Donald A. Bryant; Niels-Ulrik Frigaard (November 2006). "Prokaryotic photosynthesis and phototrophy ... known organisms that exhibit anoxygenic photosynthesis do not have a region analogous to the oxygen-evolving complex of PSII. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anoxygenic_photosynthesis
Evolution of photosynthesisEvolution of photosynthesis
C3 photosynthesis, C4 photosynthesis, and CAM photosynthesis. C3 photosynthesis is the oldest and most common form. A C3 plant ... "Types of Photosynthesis: C3, C4 and CAM". CropsReview.Com. Retrieved 2018-05-03. Photosynthesis got a really early start, New ... The evolution of photosynthesis refers to the origin and subsequent evolution of photosynthesis, the process by which light ... Modern photosynthesis in plants and most photosynthetic prokaryotes is oxygenic. Timeline of Photosynthesis on Earth Several ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_photosynthesis
Photosynthesis (board game)Photosynthesis (board game)
Photosynthesis at Blue Orange Games Photosynthesis at BoardGameGeek Photosynthesis at Dice Tower (Articles with short ... Photosynthesis was one of five recipients of the 2018 Mensa Select award. McMillan, David (4 September 2017). "Photosynthesis ... In the Photosynthesis Phase, the sun rotates around the outer edge of the central board each turn, casting light on a row of ... Photosynthesis is a strategy board game designed by Hjalmar Hach and published by Blue Orange in 2017. There are four ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis_(board_game)
Joint Center for Artificial PhotosynthesisJoint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis
Artificial Photosynthesis "New York Times article about artificial photosynthesis". "India Times article about artificial ... The Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP), founded in 2010, is a (DOE) Energy Innovation Hub whose primary mission ... In Obama's 2011 State of the Union address, he mentioned the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis. Specifically, he said ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis. DOE website about JCAP JCAP Official Website ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_Center_for_Artificial_Photosynthesis
Fractionation of carbon isotopes in oxygenic photosynthesisFractionation of carbon isotopes in oxygenic photosynthesis
Malate, the four-carbon compound is the namesake of "C4" photosynthesis. This pathway allows C4 photosynthesis to efficiently ... Photosynthesis converts carbon dioxide to carbohydrates via several metabolic pathways that provide energy to an organism and ... Oxygenic photosynthesis takes place in plants and microorganisms through different chemical pathways, so various forms of ... A C3 plant uses C3 carbon fixation, one of the three metabolic photosynthesis pathways which also include C4 and CAM (described ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractionation_of_carbon_isotopes_in_oxygenic_photosynthesis
Calvin cycleCalvin cycle
Photosynthesis occurs in two stages in a cell. In the first stage, light-dependent reactions capture the energy of light and ... Although many texts list a product of photosynthesis as C 6H 12O 6, this is mainly for convenience to match the equation of ... Bassham J, Benson A, Calvin M (1950). "The path of carbon in photosynthesis" (PDF). J Biol Chem. 185 (2): 781-7. doi:10.2172/ ... The Calvin cycle thus happens when light is available independent of the kind of photosynthesis (C3 carbon fixation, C4 carbon ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvin_cycle
Function (biology)Function (biology)
Photosynthesis has been instrumental in the success of life on Earth "Sociobiology". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 11 ... For example, the function of chlorophyll in a plant is to capture the energy of sunlight for photosynthesis, which contributes ... Shih, Patrick M. (2015). "Photosynthesis and early Earth". Current Biology. 25 (19): R855-R859. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.04.046. ... Carter, J. Stein (1996). "Photosynthesis". University of Cincinnati. Archived from the original on 2013-06-29. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_(biology)
Daily light integralDaily light integral
Grow light Photosynthesis PI curve Mattson, Neil. "Greenhouse Lighting" (PDF). Retrieved March 1, 2020. Faust, James E.; ... This is a convenient time scale when measuring short-term changes in photosynthesis in gas exchange systems, but falls short ... "Influence of Instantaneous and Integrated Light-Flux Density on Leaf Anatomy and Photosynthesis". American Journal of Botany. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daily_light_integral
Caroline PidcockCaroline Pidcock
"Photosynthesis." Architecture Australia 85, no. 5 (September 1996): 76. (Use Australian English from June 2020, All Wikipedia ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caroline_Pidcock
Robin Hill (biochemist)Robin Hill (biochemist)
... of photosynthesis, proving that oxygen is evolved during the light requiring steps of photosynthesis. He also made significant ... In his later years Hill worked on the issue of the application of the Second Law of Thermodynamics to photosynthesis. He was an ... Hill continued to receive most of his recognition for his earlier work on photosynthesis, and beginning in the late 1950s, his ... He discovered a new approach to the biochemical study of photosynthesis which enabled him to demonstrate and to measure the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_Hill_(biochemist)
Penilaian Menengah RendahPenilaian Menengah Rendah
Photosynthesis. Harms and uses of different plants and animals, overall knowledge of role each organism plays in an ecosystem. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penilaian_Menengah_Rendah
Light-dependent reactionsLight-dependent reactions
"The Z-Scheme Diagram of Photosynthesis". Retrieved March 2, 2006. "Photosynthesis". McGraw Hill Encyclopedia of Science and ... The photosynthesis process in chloroplasts begins when an electron of P680 of PSII attains a higher-energy level. This energy ... In oxygenic photosynthesis, the first electron donor is water, creating oxygen (O2) as a by-product. In anoxygenic ... Cornelis Van Niel proposed in 1931 that photosynthesis is a case of general mechanism where a photon of light is used to photo ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-dependent_reactions
ThylakoidThylakoid
During photosynthesis, the lumen becomes acidic, as low as pH 4, compared to pH 8 in the stroma. This represents a 10,000 fold ... "Photosynthesis" McGraw Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 10th ed. 2007. Vol. 13 p. 469 Sato N (2004). "Roles of the ... They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Thylakoids consist of a thylakoid membrane surrounding a ... The thylakoids are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. These include light-driven water oxidation and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thylakoid
Productivity (ecology)Productivity (ecology)
Primary production in most ecosystems is dominated by the process of photosynthesis, In which organisms synthesize organic ... Johnson, Matthew P. (2016-10-26). "Photosynthesis". Essays in Biochemistry. 60 (3): 255-273. doi:10.1042/EBC20160016. ISSN 0071 ... Eukaryotic organisms gained the ability to participate in photosynthesis through the development of plastids derived from ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Productivity_(ecology)
FoodFood
Photosynthesis is the ultimate source of energy and food for nearly all life on earth. It is the main food source for plants, ... "What is Photosynthesis". Smithsonian Science Education Center. 2017-04-12. Archived from the original on 2021-12-03. Retrieved ... Plants, algae and some microorganisms use photosynthesis to make their own food molecules. Water is found in many foods and has ... Leslie, Mitch (2009-03-06). "On the Origin of Photosynthesis". Science. 323 (5919): 1286-1287. doi:10.1126/science.323.5919. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food
BiologyBiology
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that can later be ... The stems hold and orient the leaves to the sun, which allow the leaves to conduct photosynthesis. The flowers are shoots that ... Photosynthesis has four stages: Light absorption, electron transport, ATP synthesis, and carbon fixation. Light absorption is ... Energy from the sun enters the system through photosynthesis and is incorporated into plant tissue. By feeding on plants and on ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology
Otto KandlerOtto Kandler
Berkeley on central questions of photosynthesis (e.g. the path of carbon in photosynthesis, today called the Calvin-Benson- ... Photosynthesis. Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress on Photosynthesis, September 7-13, 1980, Halkidiki, Greece. Vol ... Kandler then decided to transfer their techniques to measuring phosphorylation rates in vivo to photosynthesis studies in ... Arnon, Daniel I.; Whatley, F.R.; Allen, M.B. (1954). "Photosynthesis by isolated chloroplasts II. Photophosphorylation, the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Kandler
Orange carotenoid proteinOrange carotenoid protein
June 2015). "PHOTOSYNTHESIS. A 12 Å carotenoid translocation in a photoswitch associated with cyanobacterial photoprotection". ... Brand JJ, Kerfeld CA, Cramer WA (April 2017). "David W. Krogmann, 1931-2016". Photosynthesis Research. 132 (1): 1-12. doi: ... Kerfeld CA (2004). "Structure and Function of the Water-Soluble Carotenoid-Binding Proteins of Cyanobacteria". Photosynthesis ... Photosynthesis Research. 20 (1): 1-34. doi:10.1007/BF00028620. PMID 24425462. S2CID 23049972. Bao H, Melnicki MR, Pawlowski EG ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_carotenoid_protein
Sandra KnappSandra Knapp
She appeared on the BBC Radio 4 programme In Our Time in May 2014 to explain photosynthesis. In October 2014 Knapp was a guest ... Presenter: Melvyn Bragg; Guests: Nick Lane, Sandra Knapp, John Allen; Producer: Thomas Morris (May 15, 2014). "Photosynthesis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandra_Knapp
Photosynthetically active radiationPhotosynthetically active radiation
However, photosynthesis is a quantum process and the chemical reactions of photosynthesis are more dependent on the number of ... Photons at longer wavelengths do not carry enough energy to allow photosynthesis to take place. Other living organisms, such as ... Green light, however, penetrates deeper into the leaf interior and can drive photosynthesis more efficiently than red light. ... However, because short-wavelength photons carry more energy per photon, the maximum amount of photosynthesis per incident unit ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthetically_active_radiation
Non-photochemical quenchingNon-photochemical quenching
NPQ occurs in almost all photosynthetic eukaryotes (algae and plants), and helps to regulate and protect photosynthesis in ... Baker, Neil R. (2008-01-01). "Chlorophyll Fluorescence: A Probe of Photosynthesis In Vivo". Annual Review of Plant Biology. 59 ... while the capacity for photosynthesis tends to saturate. Therefore, there is the potential for the absorption of excess light ... where energy is used in photosynthesis (called photochemical quenching)); or 2. the excited state can return to the ground ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-photochemical_quenching
Nick LaneNick Lane
"Photosynthesis". BBC. Retrieved 16 May 2014. Official website (Articles with short description, Short description is different ... when the topic was photosynthesis. Lane, Nick (2002). Oxygen: The molecule that made the world. Oxford University Press. ISBN ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Lane
Mehler reactionMehler reaction
Photosynthesis Research. 73 (1-3): 223-231. doi:10.1023/A:1020459416987. ISSN 1573-5079. PMID 16245125. (Photosynthesis). ... Mehler observed that the H 2O 2 formed in this way does not present an active intermediate in photosynthesis; rather, as a ... Mehler reaction often is used interchangeably with the Water-Water Cycle to refer to the formation of H 2O 2 by photosynthesis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehler_reaction
Nicolas Théodore de SaussureNicolas Théodore de Saussure
Photosynthesis: Perspectives on Plastid Biology, Energy Conversion and Carbon Metabolism. Advances in Photosynthesis and ... He is one of the major pioneers in the study of photosynthesis. Nicolas-Théodore de Saussure was born into a wealthy, ... This book was the first summation of the fundamental process of photosynthesis and a major contribution to the understanding of ... In contrast to some of his predecessors in the field of photosynthesis research, Saussure based his conclusions on extensive ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Théodore_de_Saussure
Vascular bundleVascular bundle
Campbell, N. A. & Reece, J. B. (2005). Photosynthesis. Biology (7th ed.). San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings. Curtis, Lersten, ... building the bridge to C4 photosynthesis". Journal of Experimental Botany. 65 (13): 3341-3356. doi:10.1093/jxb/eru180. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_bundle
Photosynthetic efficiencyPhotosynthetic efficiency
Photosynthesis can be described by the simplified chemical reaction 6 H2O + 6 CO2 + energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O2 where C6H12O6 is ... Photosynthesis measurement systems are not designed to directly measure the amount of light absorbed by the leaf. Nevertheless ... If photosynthesis is inefficient, excess light energy must be dissipated to avoid damaging the photosynthetic apparatus. Energy ... Quoted values sunlight-to-biomass efficiency The following is a breakdown of the energetics of the photosynthesis process from ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthetic_efficiency
Photosynthesis Warm Up 1 - ProProfs QuizPhotosynthesis Warm Up 1 - ProProfs Quiz
Based on the cycle of photosynthesis and cellular respiration, one can say that the ultimate original source of energy for all ... Photosynthesis produces _____ carbon sugars. (Please enter a number from 1 to 25) ...
https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=photosynthesis-warm-up-1
Photosynthesis - not just for plants anymorePhotosynthesis - not just for plants anymore
... photosynthesis is (in layman terms), the process through which plants (and bacteria, algae, etc) get the sugars and ... As any fourth grader will tell you, photosynthesis is (in layman terms), the process through which plants (and bacteria, algae ... he injected a symbiotic cyanobacteria responsible for almost 50 percent of Earths photosynthesis into a fish. ...
https://www.zmescience.com/research/photosynthesis-not-just-for-plants-anymore-1105201/
Photosynthesis VideoPhotosynthesis Video
... This is a great video to show the different aspects of photosynthesis. Among topics addressed, this ... You just viewed Photosynthesis Video. Please take a moment to rate this material. ...
http://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=420947
Supercharged Photosynthesis | MIT Technology ReviewSupercharged Photosynthesis | MIT Technology Review
... geneticists announced that theyd made a major advance in engineering rice plants to carry out photosynthesis in a more ... Supercharged Photosynthesis. *. Breakthrough. Engineering rice plants to extract energy from sunlight far more efficiently than ... Supercharged Photosynthesis. Advanced genetic tools could help boost crop yields and feed billions more people. ... Despite the genetic changes, the altered rice plants still rely primarily on their usual form of photosynthesis. To get them to ...
https://www.technologyreview.com/technology/supercharged-photosynthesis/
LMS results: photosynthesis | Science Mission DirectorateLMS results: photosynthesis | Science Mission Directorate
Muhiuddin,I.P., Rigby, S.E.J., Evans, M.C.W. & Heathcote, P. in "Photosynthesis: from Light to Biosphere" (P.Mathis ed.) II, ... Plant biologists have long held the view that photosynthesis -- the process by which cells in green plants convert the energy ... Virtually all the energy available for life on earth is made available through photosynthesis--the process by which trapped ...
https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/1998/msad27jul98_1
Photosynthesis News, Research - Page 4Photosynthesis News, Research - Page 4
Photosynthesis News and Research. RSS Photosynthesis is a chemical process by which plants, some bacteria, and algae convert ... Recent evidence demonstrates that the origins of photosynthesis can be found in deep sea hydrothermal vents, where microbes ... Researchers discover sulfide-responsive protein that regulates photosynthesis in purple bacteria ...
https://www.news-medical.net/?tag=/Photosynthesis&page=4
Heres What Photosynthesis Sounds Like Underwater | Live ScienceHere's What Photosynthesis Sounds Like Underwater | Live Science
As bubbles of oxygen made from photosynthesis depart underwater plants, they emit a "ping" sound. (Image credit: Shutterstock) ... that red algae make while carrying out photosynthesis, a new study finds. ...
https://www.livescience.com/64207-photosynthesis-makes-ping-sound-underwater.html
Bacteria Pull Off Photosynthesis sans Sunlight - Scientific AmericanBacteria Pull Off Photosynthesis sans Sunlight - Scientific American
... where photosynthesis takes place. "This shows that photosynthesis is something that is not limited only to the very surface of ... "This is startling in the sense that you do not expect to find photosynthesis in a region of the world that is so completely ... DNA analysis identified the organism as a member of the green sulfur bacteria family that relies solely on photosynthesis to ... In the textbook description of photosynthesis, sunlight fuels the production of sugars that are in turn converted into fuel for ...
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bacteria-pull-off-photosy/
New Semi-Artificial Photosynthesis Technique Converts Sunlight Into FuelNew Semi-Artificial Photosynthesis Technique Converts Sunlight Into Fuel
... By Shubham Sharma 09/04/18 AT 2:09 AM. ... "Natural photosynthesis is not efficient because it has evolved merely to survive so it makes the bare minimum amount of energy ... It even absorbed more sunlight than that used by plants in natural photosynthesis and improved on the amount of energy produced ... In the natural process of photosynthesis, plants and trees use sunlight to "split" water molecules into its main constitutes - ...
https://www.ibtimes.com/new-semi-artificial-photosynthesis-technique-converts-sunlight-fuel-2713566
Photosynthesis Study Guide - Key ConceptsPhotosynthesis Study Guide - Key Concepts
This study guide will help you learn the essential steps of photosynthesis. ... Photosynthesis is how plants manufacture their own food. ... Steps of Photosynthesis Here is a summary of the steps used by ... Photosynthesis Light Reactions Not all wavelengths of light are absorbed during photosynthesis. Green, the color of most plants ... In plants, photosynthesis usually occurs in the leaves. This is where plants can get the raw materials for photosynthesis all ...
https://www.thoughtco.com/photosynthesis-basics-study-guide-608181?utm_source=emailshare&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=shareurlbuttons
Science 5: Photosynthesis Video | ShmoopScience 5: Photosynthesis Video | Shmoop
Todays lesson is on photosynthesis, but it has nothing to do with synthesizing photos. Weird, huh? Instead well be talking ... allow us to introduce the co-star of photosynthesis, the Sun! [Crowd cheering for the Sun on stage] ... When you think of the word photosynthesis, you probably think of a plant. ... And if that wasnt useful enough already, photosynthesis also plays an important part ...
https://www.shmoop.com/video/science-5-photosynthesis
Photo Synthesis | September 2012 | MagCloudPhoto Synthesis | September 2012 | MagCloud
This months issue of Photo Synthesis includes images from the Ohio River, Fort Massac State Park, Heron Pond Nature Preserve, ...
https://www.magcloud.com/browse/issue/437803
Release group What Its All About by Photosynthesis - MusicBrainzRelease group "What Its All About" by Photosynthesis - MusicBrainz
DonateWikiForumsChat (IRC)Bug TrackerBlogTwitterUse beta site. Brought to you by MetaBrainz Foundation and our sponsors and supporters. Cover Art provided by the Cover Art Archive. ...
https://musicbrainz.org/release-group/79ce6aad-e7a4-47bc-abb2-d18887a145fe
Garden Guides | How Do Herbicides Affect Photosynthesis?Garden Guides | How Do Herbicides Affect Photosynthesis?
To appreciate how herbicides affect photosynthesis, it is necessary to understand the chemistry of two essential processes of ... photosynthesis, called photosystem I and photosystem II. Herbicides work by blocking one of ... ... Herbicides kill plants by disrupting and mimicking plant hormones and by blocking photosynthesis. ... Photosynthesis takes place in light-absorbing pigments of cells that produce chlorophyll. This chemical action generates ATP ( ...
https://www.gardenguides.com/132155-herbicides-affect-photosynthesis.html
Membership Benefits & Signup | PhotoSynthesisMembership Benefits & Signup | PhotoSynthesis
... about any gallery shows and special events at PhotoSynthesis. Supporters of the arts are appreciated. ...
https://photosynthesisct.com/memberships/membership-benefits-signup/
Photosynthesis (examples, videos, experiments)Photosynthesis (examples, videos, experiments)
Recall the word equation and the balanced chemical symbol equation for photosynthesis, Biology ... Describe the process of photosynthesis and understand its importance in the conversion of light energy to chemical energy, ... the photosynthesis equation, factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis, how the leaf is adapted to photosynthesis and how ... 2.18 Photosynthesis Equations Recall the word equation and the balanced chemical symbol equation for photosynthesis. * Show ...
https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/photosynthesis-biology.html
Photosynthesis | MindMeister Mind MapPhotosynthesis | MindMeister Mind Map
photosynthesis. 2.2. chlorophyll. 2.3. carbon dioxide. 2.4. chloroplast. 3. Importance. 3.1. Photosynthesis is very important ... Photosynthesis by Jose Lorenzo Ignacio 1. Steps. 1.1. Sunllight absorbed. 1.2. water and nutrients absorbed in plant. 1.3. ... Photosynthesis is the process of converting products such as carbon dioxide, water, and light to sugar and oxygen. This happens ...
https://www.mindmeister.com/784558313/photosynthesis
Classroom Activities: Energetics (Photosynthesis and Respiration) - Texas Instruments - contentClassroom Activities: Energetics (Photosynthesis and Respiration) - Texas Instruments - content
This assessment is designed to assess the students comprehension of a basic function for eukaryotic cells.
https://education.ti.com/en/activity/detail?id=341EEAD1CCC14B63B96249115C8C64E9
Photosynthesis genes source still unclear - Uncommon DescentPhotosynthesis genes source still unclear - Uncommon Descent
Essential parts of oxygenic photosynthesis. The photosynthesis pathway is interdependent and irreducible. Take any of the ... Photosynthesis genes source still unclear. Posted on June 15, 2017. June 15, 2017. Author NewsComments(17) ... The purpose of photosynthesis, if you are a plant, is twofold. One is clearly visible in the famous equation: it is to make ... So, photosynthesis is an interdependent system that could not have evolved, since all parts had to be in place right from the ...
https://uncommondescent.com/plants/photosynthesis-genes-source-still-unclear/
Understanding photosynthesisUnderstanding photosynthesis
Her research focuses on understanding how plants adopt to damaging light conditions during photosynthesis. This work has ... Photosynthesis is the most important biological process on Earth, it provides us with food, fibre, fuel and the air we breathe ... It is therefore essential to obtain a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in photosynthesis if we are ... This group of pigment-protein complexes, which normally act to increase the absorption cross-section of photosynthesis, are ...
https://www.royalsociety.org.nz/research/understanding-photosynthesis/
Photosynthesis - AppropediaPhotosynthesis - Appropedia
Photosynthesis occurs in two stages, the photosynthesis-light phase (limited to when daylight or simulated daylight is present ... Some other organisms, such as algae and cyanobacteria, also use photosynthesis. The chemical energy created from photosynthesis ... Photosynthesis is the basis of most energy needed to sustain all life on earth.[1] It is also an important part of atmospheric ... Photosynthesis refers to the process used by a plant to make use of the light energy caught by chlorophyll to turn carbon ...
https://www.appropedia.org/Photosynthesis
Citations: Periodic phenomena in photosynthesisCitations: "Periodic phenomena in photosynthesis"
Periodic phenomena in photosynthesis, Chernavskaya N.M., Chernavskii D.S. Citations ... Periodic phenomena in photosynthesis. N.M. Chernavskaya, D.S. Chernavskii a. a Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of ... Citation: Chernavskaya N M, Chernavskii D S Periodic phenomena in photosynthesis Sov. Phys. Usp. 3 850-865 (1961). BibTex. ... Sivak M N, Walker D A Biological Control of Photosynthesis Chapter 1 (1986) p. 1 ...
https://ufn.ru/en/articles/1961/6/d/citedby.html
Photosynthesis Vinyl Records and CDs For Sale | MusicStack
PHOTOSYNTHESIS Vinyl Records and CDs. Psychedelic trance duo project hailing from Brazil and Israel The duo met each other back ... Behind Photosynthesis project you will find two good friends - "Ikaro Sampaio" (Brasil/Portugal) & "Yotam Avidan" (Israel), ... After couple years developing and shaping the Photosynthesis sound, the duo felt ready to release its first EP "Paradise on ... in 2013 but only in 2018 that Photosynthesis came to life. Sharing the same music passion since day one, they knew from the ...
https://www.musicstack.com/records-cds/photosynthesis
Photosynthesis & Cellular RespirationPhotosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
... To view these resources with no ads please Login or Subscribe (and help support our site ... Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Exploring Nature Educational Resource ©2005-2022. December 6, 2022. , http://www. ...
https://www.exploringnature.org/db/view/Photosynthesis-and-Cellular-Respiration
Is photosynthesis efficient enough? • Earth.comIs photosynthesis efficient enough? • Earth.com
... and new forms of photosynthesis are still being discovered. ... and new forms of photosynthesis are still being discovered. ... Though photosynthesis has room to improve, we still have much to learn from plants, ... Though photosynthesis has room to improve, we still have much to learn from plants, ... What makes photosynthesis slow?. One of the proteins involved in photosynthesis is tasked with the essential job of grabbing ...
https://www.earth.com/news/photosynthesis-efficient-enough/
Thrasher Magazine - Alien Workshops Photosynthesis RemasteredThrasher Magazine - Alien Workshop's 'Photosynthesis' Remastered
The Workshops undeniable classic has been restored and re-uploaded on their channel. Relive it. The Workshops undeniable classic has been restored a...
https://www.thrashermagazine.com/articles/trash/alien-workshop-s-photosynthesis-remastered/
Picture of photosynthesis in action. Where is the picture?! - DonationCoder.comPicture of photosynthesis in action. Where is the picture?! - DonationCoder.com
Picture of photosynthesis in action. Where is the picture?! - DonationCoder.com ... Picture of photosynthesis in action. Where is the picture?! « on: July 11, 2014, 12:24 PM » ... So I get all excited about this news of the first pictures of photosynthesis in action:. The researchers report the first ... Author Topic: Picture of photosynthesis in action. Where is the picture?! (Read 1401 times). ...
https://www.donationcoder.com/forum/index.php?topic=38410.0
Quantum Biology Photosynthesis - AnandaQuantum Biology Photosynthesis - Ananda
The newly emerging field of quantum biology strongly suggests that life did not arise from the atoms in a cosmic accident. Instead, it appears that physical life was created by the subtle coordination of physical matter at the direction of Intelligent information originating beyond our physical realm. ...
https://www.ananda.org/tag/quantum-biology-photosynthesis/
Photosynthesis: Oxygen overload | eLifePhotosynthesis: Oxygen overload | eLife
Photosynthesis: Oxygen overload. A structure that helps algae photosynthesize when carbon dioxide levels are low may also play ... These results suggest that the pyrenoid can be induced by a common product of photosynthesis specific to low CO2 or hyperoxia. ... This results in unfavourable by-products that inhibit photosynthesis and require lots of energy to recycle (Peterhansel et al ... To overcome this problem, algae evolved a carbon dioxide concentrating mechanism (CCM) that allows the rate of photosynthesis ...
https://elifesciences.org/articles/75695
Photosynthesis (Grade 9-12)Photosynthesis (Grade 9-12)
... To view these resources with no ads please Login or Subscribe (and help support our site).. ... In this way, photosynthesis and cellular respiration help drive the carbon cycle on Earth, where carbon circulates between the ... The process of photosynthesis converts light energy to stored chemical energy by converting carbon dioxide plus water into ... HS-LS1-5. Use a model to illustrate how photosynthesis transforms light energy into stored chemical energy. [Clarification ...
https://exploringnature.org/db/view/Photosynthesis-Grade-9-12
OxygenRespirationPlantsChloroplastSugarsForm of photosynthesisRate of photosynthesisCarry out photosynthesisResponse of photosynthesisDescription of photosynthesisArtificialChlorophyllOxygenic photosynthesisBiospherePhotosyntheticAtmospheric carbonAlgaePigmentsProcessCyanobacteriaScientistsSolarLeafProteinsMetabolism2019Occurs in the leavesPlantProducesEvolutionDark reactionsQuizWaterExplainHydrogenReliesReactionsPhotosystemChemicalLight intensityToday'sResearch
Oxygen17
  • Virtually all the energy available for life on earth is made available through photosynthesis--the process by which trapped energy from sunlight gets converted to oxygen and the source for almost all carbon compounds in living organisms. (nasa.gov)
  • As bubbles of oxygen made from photosynthesis depart underwater plants, they emit a "ping" sound. (livescience.com)
  • In the natural process of photosynthesis, plants and trees use sunlight to "split" water molecules into its main constitutes - oxygen and hydrogen. (ibtimes.com)
  • Photosynthesis is very important because it produces sugars that are necessary for plants to live and oxygen for animals to breathe in. (mindmeister.com)
  • Photosynthesis is the process of converting products such as carbon dioxide, water, and light to sugar and oxygen. (mindmeister.com)
  • How and when Cyanobacteria evolved the ability to produce oxygen through photosynthesis is poorly understood. (uncommondescent.com)
  • To see how oxygen is a by-product of synthesis, see further How to show oxygen is a by-product of photosynthesis . (appropedia.org)
  • The process of photosynthesis converts light energy to stored chemical energy by converting carbon dioxide plus water into sugars plus released oxygen. (exploringnature.org)
  • Making oxygen is exceptionally difficult and lethal for any biological factory, which calls out a continuous self-repair cycle during oxygenic photosynthesis. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Part of nature's catalyst for biological photosynthesis is a manganese cluster of four manganese ions that takes part in oxygen-evolving photosystem II, a catalytic cycle of five S i states (known as the Kok cycle , 2 where i = 0-4). (chemistryworld.com)
  • Photosynthesis creates all the food we eat and the oxygen we breathe. (timesofisrael.com)
  • In photosynthesis, green plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars and oxygen. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Photosynthesis occurs when cells convert energy from the sun into chemical energy, and it is largely responsible for producing and maintaining the oxygen content of the Earth's atmosphere. (encorekalamazoo.com)
  • While scientists have long known the crucial role played by manganese in shuffling electrons and breaking the bonds between hydrogen and oxygen, the data doesn't support the two main theories that have been proposed to explain photosynthesis. (iflscience.com)
  • A water-oxygen cycle is completed by photosynthesis and oxygen-dependent respiration. (vrlabacademy.com)
  • photosynthesis involves the use of light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar, oxygen and other organic compounds. (vrlabacademy.com)
  • At night, however, when there is no photosynthesis, the situation is reversed and the algae consume oxygen. (jbl.de)
Respiration4
  • In this way, photosynthesis and cellular respiration help drive the carbon cycle on Earth, where carbon circulates between the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere and geosphere. (exploringnature.org)
  • These reports explore the global photosynthesis and respiration rates-the planet's deep "breaths" of carbon dioxide, in and out-and researchers say that the new findings will be used to update and improve upon traditional models that couple together climate and carbon. (aaas.org)
  • Students then complete activities and investigations on Greenhouse gasses, photosynthesis, cellular respiration and ecosystem services (functions and values of intact ecosystems to humans). (nasa.gov)
  • Sweet® helps plants maintain an optimum metabolism and a proper balance between photosynthesis and respiration. (horticulturesource.com)
Plants33
  • As any fourth grader will tell you, photosynthesis is (in layman terms), the process through which plants (and bacteria, algae, etc) get the sugars and other organic compounds they need using energy from sunlight. (zmescience.com)
  • In December, geneticists announced that they'd made a major advance in engineering rice plants to carry out photosynthesis in a more efficient way-much as corn and many fast-growing weeds do. (technologyreview.com)
  • The supercharged process, called C4 photosynthesis, boosts plants' growth by capturing carbon dioxide and concentrating it in specialized cells in the leaves. (technologyreview.com)
  • Despite the genetic changes, the altered rice plants still rely primarily on their usual form of photosynthesis. (technologyreview.com)
  • It can be a decade or more before even simple crop modifications reach farmers, let alone changes as complex as reëngineering how plants carry out photosynthesis. (technologyreview.com)
  • Plant biologists have long held the view that photosynthesis -- the process by which cells in green plants convert the energy of sunlight into chemical energy and use carbon dioxide to produce sugars -- needs two intermediate light-dependent reactions for successful energy conversion: Photosystem II and Photosystem I. (nasa.gov)
  • Photosynthesis is a chemical process by which plants, some bacteria, and algae convert energy derived from sunlight to chemical energy. (news-medical.net)
  • It even absorbed more sunlight than that used by plants in natural photosynthesis and improved on the amount of energy produced and stored. (ibtimes.com)
  • Photosynthesis is the set of chemical reaction by which plants and other autotrophs convert energy from sunlight into chemical food. (thoughtco.com)
  • In plants, photosynthesis is used to convert light energy from sunlight into chemical energy (glucose). (thoughtco.com)
  • Although we normally think of plants as having chlorophyll and performing photosynthesis, many microorganisms use this molecule, including some prokaryotic cells . (thoughtco.com)
  • In plants, photosynthesis usually occurs in the leaves. (thoughtco.com)
  • This is where plants can get the raw materials for photosynthesis all in one convenient location. (thoughtco.com)
  • Herbicides kill plants by disrupting and mimicking plant hormones and by blocking photosynthesis. (gardenguides.com)
  • Her research focuses on understanding how plants adopt to damaging light conditions during photosynthesis. (royalsociety.org.nz)
  • Plants and bacteria convert sunlight into sugar through the magic of photosynthesis. (earth.com)
  • Though photosynthesis has room to improve, we still have much to learn from plants. (earth.com)
  • Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on illustrating inputs and outputs of matter and the transfer and transformation of energy in photosynthesis by plants and other photosynthesizing organisms. (exploringnature.org)
  • Another variant of photosynthesis was originally found in many plants of the Crassulaceae family. (jrank.org)
  • Most plants with CAM photosynthesis grow in deserts and other arid environments. (jrank.org)
  • Interestingly, while CAM photosynthesis is genetically determined, some plants can switch from C-3 photosynthesis to CAM photosynthesis when they are transferred to an arid environment. (jrank.org)
  • The description of photosynthesis can be applied to C 4 plants at this time and is needed to describe photosynthesis in C 3 plants when photorespiration is included. (umich.edu)
  • These data can be fit to various models of leaf photosynthesis and stomatal conductance by providing the responses to light, temperature leaf water potential, and carbon dioxide under field conditions on intact plants. (ornl.gov)
  • Photosynthesis later allowed plants to thrive all over the globe, and it is the basis for all food that heterotrophs-organisms that don't produce their own food-like ourselves consume to survive. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • Infrared light doesn't have enough energy to be useful for photosynthesis, while ultraviolet light can be damaging to plants. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • If you remember your early bio lessons in school, photosynthesis is the natural process by which plants take in energy in the form of sunlight and CO2, which they process into a sort of product. (sociable.co)
  • Known as organic solar technology, special cells designed to convert light into energy in the same way that plants do via photosynthesis are set to become a whole lot more efficient as a result of some new tweaks, which means their potential for inexpensive, large-scale use is soon on the horizon. (naturalnews.com)
  • Plants use photosynthesis to absorb energy from the sun and convert it into metabolic energy, which is then used to support almost all life on Earth. (vrlabacademy.com)
  • Why not learn more from our KS1-KS2 activities exploring Plants & Light and Photosynthesis with Empiribox @ Home? (empiribox.com)
  • Like other plants, the green algae use photosynthesis to grow. (bigthink.com)
  • By photosynthesis, all growing plants absorb CO 2 from the atmosphere to build up their own biomass. (europa.eu)
  • Atrazine is taken up by all plants, but in plants not affected by atrazine, it is broken down before it can have an effect on photosynthesis. (cdc.gov)
  • Rainforests add water to the atmosphere when plants release water from their leaves during photosynthesis. (medscape.com)
Chloroplast6
  • The reactions for photosynthesis take place in different areas of the chloroplast. (thoughtco.com)
  • In this 19th lecture, you will learn some of the basics of chloroplast structure relevant to photosynthesis, and we will see what are the possible four fates for energy in general after light is absorbed. (hstalks.com)
  • A generally accepted idea for the origin of the chloroplast is that during evolution, an ancestral cyanobacterium, being capable of photosynthesis, entered an ancestral eukaryotic cell and became an organelle of the host cell. (postech.ac.kr)
  • Now the chloroplast in the plant cell contains a small genome encoding only about 200 genes, and depends on the host's genome for most of its proteins for a variety of chloroplast functions including photosynthesis, and import and export of ions and chemicals. (postech.ac.kr)
  • By this protein import mechanism, the chloroplast can obtain from the host cytosol proteins necessary for photosynthesis and provide fixed sugars to the host cell. (postech.ac.kr)
  • Chloroplast: Where photosynthesis takes place. (flashcardmachine.com)
Sugars3
  • Photosynthesis produces _____ carbon sugars. (proprofs.com)
  • In the textbook description of photosynthesis, sunlight fuels the production of sugars that are in turn converted into fuel for the photosynthetic organism. (scientificamerican.com)
  • The chemical energy created from photosynthesis is stored in carbohydrate molecules (sugars, starches). (appropedia.org)
Form of photosynthesis1
Rate of photosynthesis2
  • In this lesson, we will learn about the process of photosynthesis, the photosynthesis equation, factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis, how the leaf is adapted to photosynthesis and how to set up an experiment to investigate photosynthesis. (onlinemathlearning.com)
  • Understand how carbon dioxide concentration, light intensity and temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis. (onlinemathlearning.com)
Carry out photosynthesis1
  • Water and _____ are required to carry out photosynthesis. (proprofs.com)
Response of photosynthesis2
  • The response of photosynthesis to leaf water potential indicated that these grasses can operate under dryer conditions that cultivated C4 species. (ornl.gov)
  • Show your young learners the chemical response of photosynthesis when CO2 and H2O are converted into food energy. (empiribox.com)
Description of photosynthesis2
  • In this paper, a description of photosynthesis in a single leaf is developed that separates physiological sub-processes and that is practical to apply as an ecological tool. (umich.edu)
  • Temperature dependencies are emphasized with the ultimate aim of linking such a description of photosynthesis with equations describing the energy budget of particular leaves. (umich.edu)
Artificial13
  • They have called it "semi-artificial photosynthesis. (ibtimes.com)
  • As the method was emission-free but could not be leveraged in the same way, scientists started working on artificial photosynthesis. (ibtimes.com)
  • The inapplicability of fully artificial techniques prompted the team from University of Cambridge and Ruhr University Bochum to look into semi-artificial photosynthesis, where the best of both worlds - biological components and manmade technologies - could be combined to achieve the desired solar-driven water-splitting reaction. (ibtimes.com)
  • As the team expected, the technique was successful in overcoming the limitations of fully artificial photosynthesis and producing hydrogen. (ibtimes.com)
  • While the "milestone" research demonstrated semi-artificial photosynthesis could be the key to produce unlimited hydrogen fuel in the future, the researchers have stressed that this is just a proof-of-concept and the prototype system needs to be evolved to produce sophisticated, not to mention, scalable systems for solar energy conversion. (ibtimes.com)
  • The modularity of the building blocks, the simplicity of the non-covalent chemistry and the biomimetic appeal of the supramolecular approach, offer a unique opportunity for innovation in Artificial Photosynthesis. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Is Artificial Photosynthesis The Holy Grail Of Renewables? (oilprice.com)
  • Understanding biological water oxidation is central to achieving artificial photosynthesis and providing cheap and efficient hydrogen production. (chemistryworld.com)
  • Artificial photosynthesis relies on the creation of efficient and stable water-oxidising photocatalysts, preferably ones made of earth abundant materials. (chemistryworld.com)
  • The goal of chemists like Peters, Agapie, and their colleagues working at the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP), a U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) Energy Innovation Hub, is to artificially create multi-carbon liquid transportation fuels using the widely available ingredients of sunlight, water, and CO 2 . (caltech.edu)
  • Illustration of "artificial photosynthesis," a process by which sunlight, CO2, and water are converted in labs to useful fuels. (caltech.edu)
  • This is the main goal of the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP), a U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) Energy Innovation Hub, which seeks to "secure energy supplies for future generations. (caltech.edu)
  • Mr Yuzuki Kume, a second-year student at Kawanishi Midoridai High School said, "To stop global warming, we need to consider how to reduce current existing CO2, for example, by using technology of artificial photosynthesis, in addition to consider how to prevent to produce more CO2. (who.int)
Chlorophyll3
  • Chlorophyll is a key molecule for photosynthesis, though other cartenoid pigments also participate. (thoughtco.com)
  • Photosynthesis takes place in light-absorbing pigments of cells that produce chlorophyll. (gardenguides.com)
  • Photosynthesis refers to the process used by a plant to make use of the light energy caught by chlorophyll to turn carbon dioxide and water into food for the plant. (appropedia.org)
Oxygenic photosynthesis2
  • However, much remains unknown about when and how cyanobacteria evolved oxygenic photosynthesis. (uncommondescent.com)
  • The whole question of the origin of cyanobacteria has long been a mystery because they kind of just appeared out of the tree of life with this very advanced capability to do oxygenic photosynthesis without any apparent forebears," said biochemist Robert Blankenship at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri. (uncommondescent.com)
Biosphere2
  • This biochemical trick, called photosynthesis, transformed the biosphere. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • Photosynthesis provides the energy gradient that keeps our biosphere alive. (vrlabacademy.com)
Photosynthetic3
  • The researchers suggest that both groups are clearly closely related to photosynthetic cyanobacteria, based on their genomes, but the two groups do not perform photosynthesis themselves. (uncommondescent.com)
  • It is therefore essential to obtain a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in photosynthesis if we are to increase photosynthetic productivity and enhance crop yield. (royalsociety.org.nz)
  • The Leaf Photosynthesis Data Set contains leaf photosynthetic rates, total leaf water potential, leaf osmotic potential, incoming photosynthetically active radiation, temperatures, vapor pressures, and species information. (ornl.gov)
Atmospheric carbon2
  • Some single-celled algae, for example, use photosynthesis to convert atmospheric carbon dioxide and water into lipids and hydrocarbons. (nsf.gov)
  • Organic compounds produced by oceanic microalgae during photosynthesis trap atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), a known greenhouse gas. (weizmann.ac.il)
Algae2
  • that red algae make while carrying out photosynthesis, a new study finds. (livescience.com)
  • Some other organisms, such as algae and cyanobacteria, also use photosynthesis. (appropedia.org)
Pigments2
  • Understanding this process and having a "fingerprint" to identify the specific pigments involved have the potential to help scientists engineer better energy transfer systems in solar technologies, including in crop plant photosynthesis for more sustainable farming. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The result was the formation of new pigments to absorb more light for photosynthesis. (smithsonianmag.com)
Process7
  • The December results, achieved by the C4 consortium and led by Paul Quick at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRl) in the Philippines, introduced key C4 photosynthesis genes into a rice plant and showed that it carried out a rudimentary version of the supercharged photosynthesis process. (technologyreview.com)
  • The process of photosynthesis is divided into two main parts: light dependent reactions and light independent or dark reactions. (thoughtco.com)
  • Describe the process of photosynthesis and understand its importance in the conversion of light energy to chemical energy. (onlinemathlearning.com)
  • Photosynthesis is the most important biological process on Earth, it provides us with food, fibre, fuel and the air we breathe. (royalsociety.org.nz)
  • This is the chemical process of photosynthesis . (exploringnature.org)
  • To make this a reality, Cemvita Factory , a Houston-based startup, is mimicking the process of photosynthesis to capture CO2, so it can be reused and help us settle on Mars. (sociable.co)
  • 8. The process of photosynthesis needs plenty of light, carbon dioxide and water - nitrogen and phosphorus are required too. (empiribox.com)
Cyanobacteria2
  • However, during last week's synthetic biology conference in Boston, a biologist from Harvard took things to a whole new level, presenting a new and exciting idea: he injected a symbiotic cyanobacteria responsible for almost 50 percent of Earth's photosynthesis into a fish. (zmescience.com)
  • One possible explanation for the lack of photosynthesis in these two classes of cyanobacteria was that they could once photosynthesize but then lost the ability. (uncommondescent.com)
Scientists5
  • Now, as part of the same effort, a group of scientists hailing from the United Kingdom has developed a technique that works pretty much like natural photosynthesis and produces hydrogen by using water and sunlight. (ibtimes.com)
  • Now the mystery of how that moment happened is deepening: Scientists have found that the genes for such photosynthesis apparently came from a now-extinct mystery source. (uncommondescent.com)
  • To do this, scientists exploit the algae's ability to efficiently convert carbon dioxide into organic compounds, such as sugar, using photosynthesis. (elifesciences.org)
  • One of the more intriguing features of photosynthesis, scientists say, is how it makes use of visible and infrared solar light. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Forests remove carbon from the air during photosynthesis and store it in wood and roots, making these forests what scientists call carbon sinks. (scienceblog.com)
Solar2
  • Solar panels (or photovoltaic cells) achieve the same goal as photosynthesis by turning sunlight into energy. (earth.com)
  • Researchers from Yale University have identified natural design principles in photosynthesis that could improve energy efficiency in new solar technology. (scitechdaily.com)
Leaf7
  • Explain how the structure of the leaf is adapted for photosynthesis. (onlinemathlearning.com)
  • The objective of the Leaf Photosynthesis study was to measure the response of leaf photosynthesis and stomatal conductance to light, temperature, vapor pressure deficit, carbon dioxide and water potential for the most abundant C4 species at the FIFE study area. (ornl.gov)
  • The Leaf Photosynthesis measurements were made on 6 days in June, July and August of 1987 at three different locations in the northwest quadrant of the FIFE study area. (ornl.gov)
  • His encaustic painting of the cellular organization within a pine leaf cross-section enlarged 600 times shows where photosynthesis happens. (timesofisrael.com)
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Hpa1 harpin needs nitroxyl terminus to promote vegetative growth and leaf photosynthesis in Arabidopsis. (who.int)
  • The growth-promoting activity of Hpa1 was further correlated with a physiological consequence shown as promoted leaf photosynthesis as a result of facilitated CO2 conduction through leaf stomata and mesophyll cells. (who.int)
  • These analyses suggest that Hpa1 requires the nitroxyl-terminus to facilitate CO2 transport inside leaf cells and promote leaf photosynthesis and vegetative growth of the plant. (who.int)
Proteins2
  • One of the proteins involved in photosynthesis is tasked with the essential job of grabbing CO2. (earth.com)
  • 6. The word 'photosynthesis' originates from the Greek for "light" (photo) and "to put together" (synthesis), which refers to the sunlight, plus the combination of water and carbon dioxide that produce food (glucose and proteins). (empiribox.com)
Metabolism2
  • This type of photosynthesis is referred to as Crassulacean Acid Metabolism or more simply, CAM photosynthesis. (jrank.org)
  • Bouillon R. Vitamin D: from photosynthesis, metabolism, and action to clinical applications. (medlineplus.gov)
20191
  • After couple years developing and shaping the Photosynthesis sound, the duo felt ready to release its first EP "Paradise on Earth" in February 2019 to the psychedelic world- which took only one day to be featured in Top10 best Psy-Trance. (musicstack.com)
Occurs in the leaves1
  • 3. Photosynthesis mainly occurs in the leaves, with very little happening in the rest of the plant. (empiribox.com)
Plant6
  • When you think of the word photosynthesis, you probably think of a plant. (shmoop.com)
  • To test whether a plant has used photosynthesis, a starch test can be used. (appropedia.org)
  • Species from over 20 different plant families, including Cactaceae, Orchidaceae, Liliaceae, and Bromeliaceae have been identified as having CAM photosynthesis. (jrank.org)
  • Thus, plant physiologists believe that CAM photosynthesis evolved independently many times. (jrank.org)
  • Photosynthesis is necessary for plant growth. (vrlabacademy.com)
  • Explain how the lack of light prevents photosynthesis from happening, which is displayed by the difference in plant growth. (empiribox.com)
Produces1
  • Photosynthesis produces sugar, which can be stored for a long time. (earth.com)
Evolution2
Dark reactions2
  • The reactions of photosynthesis can be categorized as light-dependent reactions and dark reactions . (thoughtco.com)
  • Photosynthesis comprises two separate processes: the light reactions and the dark reactions. (bvsalud.org)
Quiz1
  • Whether you're planning your next lesson or getting ready for a pop quiz - here are some facts all about photosynthesis to brighten up your class! (empiribox.com)
Water3
  • Modifying photosynthesis has also allowed researchers to save water. (earth.com)
  • The technique mimics photosynthesis by splitting hydrogen from water to generate power from the sun. (fragmentsfromfloyd.com)
  • After a brief theoretical information, virtual photosynthesis experiment starts with adding water and adjusting light intensity. (vrlabacademy.com)
Explain1
  • The aim of this virtual lab is to explain the necessity of energy for the continuation of life and the importance of photosynthesis to life. (vrlabacademy.com)
Hydrogen1
  • Recent evidence demonstrates that the origins of photosynthesis can be found in deep sea hydrothermal vents, where microbes evolved to obtain energy from ejected hydrogen sulfide and methane gases. (news-medical.net)
Relies1
  • DNA analysis identified the organism as a member of the green sulfur bacteria family that relies solely on photosynthesis to survive. (scientificamerican.com)
Reactions2
  • Photosynthesis is not a single chemical reaction, but rather a set of chemical reactions . (thoughtco.com)
  • While some obtain energy through photosynthesis, others are able to produce energy through different chemical reactions. (si.edu)
Photosystem1
  • To appreciate how herbicides affect photosynthesis, it is necessary to understand the chemistry of two essential processes of photosynthesis, called photosystem I and photosystem II. (gardenguides.com)
Chemical4
  • Recall the word equation and the balanced chemical symbol equation for photosynthesis. (onlinemathlearning.com)
  • Use a model to illustrate how photosynthesis transforms light energy into stored chemical energy. (exploringnature.org)
  • and optimizing large-scale chemical production from photosynthesis. (nsf.gov)
  • 9. The chemical equation for photosynthesis is: 6CO2 + 12H2O + light = C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O. (empiribox.com)
Light intensity1
  • At the end, photosynthesis rate, the effect of light intensity on photosynthesis are obtained. (vrlabacademy.com)
Today's1
  • Today's lesson is on photosynthesis, but it has nothing to do with synthesizing photos. (shmoop.com)
Research2
Undulations could replace twists in 2D materials - Physics World
Undulations could replace twists in 2D materials - Physics World (physicsworld.com)
Instituto del Agua - Universidad de Barcelona
Instituto del Agua - Universidad de Barcelona (ub.edu)
Supercharged Photosynthesis | MIT Technology Review
Supercharged Photosynthesis | MIT Technology Review (technologyreview.com)
Photosynthesis - Critical Hit Games
Photosynthesis - Critical Hit Games (thegeekygamers.com)
Photosynthesis Archives - Studio 1482 Illustration
Photosynthesis Archives - Studio 1482 Illustration (studio1482.com)
Photosynthesis - not just for plants anymore
Photosynthesis - not just for plants anymore (zmescience.com)
Chemistry for the Future: Solar Fuels on Apple Podcasts
Chemistry for the Future: Solar Fuels on Apple Podcasts (podcasts.apple.com)
PHOTOSYNTHESIS REQUIRED PRACTICAL - AQA required practical | Lessonflix
PHOTOSYNTHESIS REQUIRED PRACTICAL - AQA required practical | Lessonflix (lessonflix.com)
Hydrogen: Artificial Photosynthesis & a Clean Fuel | ClimateScience
Hydrogen: Artificial Photosynthesis & a Clean Fuel | ClimateScience (climatescience.org)
Community Blogs - GLOBE.gov
Community Blogs - GLOBE.gov (globe.gov)
WebAssign - College Physics: Reasoning and Relationships 2nd edition
WebAssign - College Physics: Reasoning and Relationships 2nd edition (webassign.net)
Sustainable growth and energy insights: News from the College | Imperial News | Imperial College London
Sustainable growth and energy insights: News from the College | Imperial News | Imperial College London (imperial.ac.uk)
Photosynthesis News, Research - Page 4
Photosynthesis News, Research - Page 4 (news-medical.net)
RCSB PDB: Homepage
RCSB PDB: Homepage (rcsb.org)
Photo Synthesis | September 2012 | MagCloud
Photo Synthesis | September 2012 | MagCloud (magcloud.com)
One Per Cent | New Scientist
One Per Cent | New Scientist (newscientist.com)
One Per Cent | New Scientist
One Per Cent | New Scientist (newscientist.com)
One Per Cent | New Scientist
One Per Cent | New Scientist (newscientist.com)
Royals tour U.S. green tech incubator, meet at-risk youth | CTV News
Royals tour U.S. green tech incubator, meet at-risk youth | CTV News (ctvnews.ca)
Dining at MIT | MIT Admissions
Dining at MIT | MIT Admissions (mitadmissions.org)
Evolution's greatest mistakes | New Scientist
Evolution's greatest mistakes | New Scientist (newscientist.com)
A gigantic fossil arthropod trackway | Nature
A gigantic fossil arthropod trackway | Nature (nature.com)
Photosynthesis Study Guide - Key Concepts
Photosynthesis Study Guide - Key Concepts (thoughtco.com)
PDF] Experimental in vivo measurements of light emission in plants: a perspective dedicated to David Walker | Semantic Scholar
PDF] Experimental in vivo measurements of light emission in plants: a perspective dedicated to David Walker | Semantic Scholar (semanticscholar.org)
10 Great Biology Activities and Lessons
10 Great Biology Activities and Lessons (thoughtco.com)
New Semi-Artificial Photosynthesis Technique Converts Sunlight Into Fuel
New Semi-Artificial Photosynthesis Technique Converts Sunlight Into Fuel (ibtimes.com)
Improving battery safety by early detection of internal shorting with a bifunctional separator | Nature Communications
Improving battery safety by early detection of internal shorting with a bifunctional separator | Nature Communications (nature.com)
Garden Guides | How Do Herbicides Affect Photosynthesis?
Garden Guides | How Do Herbicides Affect Photosynthesis? (gardenguides.com)
Richmond Sunlight » 2022 » School principals; incident reports, written threats against school personnel, etc. (HB4)
Richmond Sunlight » 2022 » School principals; incident reports, written threats against school personnel, etc. (HB4) (richmondsunlight.com)
DLR - Blogs - Authors - Jan Oliver Löfken
DLR - Blogs - Authors - Jan Oliver Löfken (dlr.de)
Nature's Energy Mining and Molecular Design | Evolution News
Nature's Energy Mining and Molecular Design | Evolution News (evolutionnews.org)
Publications list | The James Hutton Institute
Publications list | The James Hutton Institute (hutton.ac.uk)
Light reaction Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
Light reaction Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster (merriam-webster.com)