Chemical reactions effected by light.
A large multisubunit protein complex found in the THYLAKOID MEMBRANE. It uses light energy derived from LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES to catalyze the splitting of WATER into DIOXYGEN and of reducing equivalents of HYDROGEN.
The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds. Photosynthesis comprises two separate processes: the light reactions and the dark reactions. In higher plants; GREEN ALGAE; and CYANOBACTERIA; NADPH and ATP formed by the light reactions drive the dark reactions which result in the fixation of carbon dioxide. (from Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2001)
Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.
That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared range.
The interdisciplinary science that studies evolutionary biology, including the origin and evolution of the major elements required for life, their processing in the interstellar medium and in protostellar systems. This field also includes the study of chemical evolution and the subsequent interactions between evolving biota and planetary evolution as well as the field of biology that deals with the study of extraterrestrial life.
The goosefoot plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida. It includes beets and chard (BETA VULGARIS), as well as SPINACH, and salt tolerant plants.
Chemical bond cleavage reactions resulting from absorption of radiant energy.
Light driven chloride ion pumps that are ubiquitously found in halophilic archaea (HALOBACTERIALES).
Protein complexes that take part in the process of PHOTOSYNTHESIS. They are located within the THYLAKOID MEMBRANES of plant CHLOROPLASTS and a variety of structures in more primitive organisms. There are two major complexes involved in the photosynthetic process called PHOTOSYSTEM I and PHOTOSYSTEM II.
Planet that is the third in order from the sun. It is one of the four inner or terrestrial planets of the SOLAR SYSTEM.
The gaseous envelope surrounding a planet or similar body. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)
Rhodopsins found in the PURPLE MEMBRANE of halophilic archaea such as HALOBACTERIUM HALOBIUM. Bacteriorhodopsins function as an energy transducers, converting light energy into electrochemical energy via PROTON PUMPS.
Complexes containing CHLOROPHYLL and other photosensitive molecules. They serve to capture energy in the form of PHOTONS and are generally found as components of the PHOTOSYSTEM I PROTEIN COMPLEX or the PHOTOSYSTEM II PROTEIN COMPLEX.
A nonfluorinated corticosteroid anti-inflammatory agent used topically for DERMATOSES.
Light absorbing proteins and protein prosthetic groups found in certain microorganisms. Some microbial photoreceptors initiate specific chemical reactions which signal a change in the environment, while others generate energy by pumping specific ions across a cellular membrane.
Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)
A purplish-red, light-sensitive pigment found in RETINAL ROD CELLS of most vertebrates. It is a complex consisting of a molecule of ROD OPSIN and a molecule of 11-cis retinal (RETINALDEHYDE). Rhodopsin exhibits peak absorption wavelength at about 500 nm.
Light harvesting proteins found in phycobilisomes.
Photosensory rhodopsins found in microorganisms such as HALOBACTERIA. They convert light signals into biochemical information that regulates certain cellular functions such as flagellar motor activity.
The theory that the radiation and absorption of energy take place in definite quantities called quanta (E) which vary in size and are defined by the equation E=hv in which h is Planck's constant and v is the frequency of the radiation.
An optical source that emits photons in a coherent beam. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER) is brought about using devices that transform light of varying frequencies into a single intense, nearly nondivergent beam of monochromatic radiation. Lasers operate in the infrared, visible, ultraviolet, or X-ray regions of the spectrum.
Discrete concentrations of energy, apparently massless elementary particles, that move at the speed of light. They are the unit or quantum of electromagnetic radiation. Photons are emitted when electrons move from one energy state to another. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)
Flavoproteins that function as circadian rhythm signaling proteins in ANIMALS and as blue-light photoreceptors in PLANTS. They are structurally-related to DNA PHOTOLYASES and it is believed that both classes of proteins may have originated from an earlier protein that played a role in protecting primitive organisms from the cyclical exposure to UV LIGHT.
The property of emitting radiation while being irradiated. The radiation emitted is usually of longer wavelength than that incident or absorbed, e.g., a substance can be irradiated with invisible radiation and emit visible light. X-ray fluorescence is used in diagnosis.
A genus of HALOBACTERIACEAE whose growth requires a high concentration of salt. Binary fission is by constriction.
A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
A carotenoid constituent of visual pigments. It is the oxidized form of retinol which functions as the active component of the visual cycle. It is bound to the protein opsin forming the complex rhodopsin. When stimulated by visible light, the retinal component of the rhodopsin complex undergoes isomerization at the 11-position of the double bond to the cis-form; this is reversed in "dark" reactions to return to the native trans-configuration.
The art or process of comparing photometrically the relative intensities of the light in different parts of the spectrum.
Photosensitive protein complexes of varied light absorption properties which are expressed in the PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS. They are OPSINS conjugated with VITAMIN A-based chromophores. Chromophores capture photons of light, leading to the activation of opsins and a biochemical cascade that ultimately excites the photoreceptor cells.
That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum immediately below the visible range and extending into the x-ray frequencies. The longer wavelengths (near-UV or biotic or vital rays) are necessary for the endogenous synthesis of vitamin D and are also called antirachitic rays; the shorter, ionizing wavelengths (far-UV or abiotic or extravital rays) are viricidal, bactericidal, mutagenic, and carcinogenic and are used as disinfectants.
The measurement of the amplitude of the components of a complex waveform throughout the frequency range of the waveform. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.
Derivatives of the dimethylisoalloxazine (7,8-dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4(3H,10H)-dione) skeleton. Flavin derivatives serve an electron transfer function as ENZYME COFACTORS in FLAVOPROTEINS.
A large multisubunit protein complex that is found in the THYLAKOID MEMBRANE. It uses light energy derived from LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES to drive electron transfer reactions that result in either the reduction of NADP to NADPH or the transport of PROTONS across the membrane.
A phylum of oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria comprised of unicellular to multicellular bacteria possessing CHLOROPHYLL a and carrying out oxygenic PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Cyanobacteria are the only known organisms capable of fixing both CARBON DIOXIDE (in the presence of light) and NITROGEN. Cell morphology can include nitrogen-fixing heterocysts and/or resting cells called akinetes. Formerly called blue-green algae, cyanobacteria were traditionally treated as ALGAE.
A nonmetallic element with atomic symbol C, atomic number 6, and atomic weight [12.0096; 12.0116]. It may occur as several different allotropes including DIAMOND; CHARCOAL; and GRAPHITE; and as SOOT from incompletely burned fuel.
The general name for a group of fat-soluble pigments found in green, yellow, and leafy vegetables, and yellow fruits. They are aliphatic hydrocarbons consisting of a polyisoprene backbone.
The process by which ELECTRONS are transported from a reduced substrate to molecular OXYGEN. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984, p270)
Spherical phototrophic bacteria found in mud and stagnant water exposed to light.
Stable elementary particles having the smallest known positive charge, found in the nuclei of all elements. The proton mass is less than that of a neutron. A proton is the nucleus of the light hydrogen atom, i.e., the hydrogen ion.
Determination of the spectra of ultraviolet absorption by specific molecules in gases or liquids, for example Cl2, SO2, NO2, CS2, ozone, mercury vapor, and various unsaturated compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Spectrophotometry in the infrared region, usually for the purpose of chemical analysis through measurement of absorption spectra associated with rotational and vibrational energy levels of molecules. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Plant cell inclusion bodies that contain the photosynthetic pigment CHLOROPHYLL, which is associated with the membrane of THYLAKOIDS. Chloroplasts occur in cells of leaves and young stems of plants. They are also found in some forms of PHYTOPLANKTON such as HAPTOPHYTA; DINOFLAGELLATES; DIATOMS; and CRYPTOPHYTA.
Analysis of the intensity of Raman scattering of monochromatic light as a function of frequency of the scattered light.
A technique applicable to the wide variety of substances which exhibit paramagnetism because of the magnetic moments of unpaired electrons. The spectra are useful for detection and identification, for determination of electron structure, for study of interactions between molecules, and for measurement of nuclear spins and moments. (From McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 7th edition) Electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopy is a variant of the technique which can give enhanced resolution. Electron spin resonance analysis can now be used in vivo, including imaging applications such as MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING.
An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.
The phenomenon whereby certain chemical compounds have structures that are different although the compounds possess the same elemental composition. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of chemical processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.
The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.
A ubiquitous sodium salt that is commonly used to season food.
Measurement of the intensity and quality of fluorescence.
Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.
The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.
Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which VEGETABLE PROTEINS is available.
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Proteins found in any species of bacterium.
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).

The endogenous chromophore of retinal G protein-coupled receptor opsin from the pigment epithelium. (1/2984)

The recent identification of nonvisual opsins has revealed an expanding family of vertebrate opsin genes. The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and Muller cells contain a blue and UV light-absorbing opsin, the RPE retinal G protein-coupled receptor (RGR, or RGR opsin). The spectral properties of RGR purified from bovine RPE suggest that RGR is conjugated in vivo to a retinal chromophore through a covalent Schiff base bond. In this study, the isomeric structure of the endogenous chromophore of RGR was identified by the hydroxylamine derivatization method. The retinaloximes derived from RGR in the dark consisted predominantly of the all-trans isomer. Irradiation of RGR with 470-nm monochromatic or near-UV light resulted in stereospecific isomerization of the bound all-trans-retinal to an 11-cis configuration. The stereospecificity of photoisomerization of the all-trans-retinal chromophore of RGR was lost by denaturation of the protein in SDS. Under the in vitro conditions, the photosensitivity of RGR is at least 34% that of bovine rhodopsin. These results provide evidence that RGR is bound in vivo primarily to all-trans-retinal and is capable of operating as a stereospecific photoisomerase that generates 11-cis-retinal in the pigment epithelium.  (+info)

Histologic analysis of photochemical lesions produced in rhesus retina by short-wave-length light. (2/2984)

The photopathology of retinal lesions produced by extended exposure (1000 sec) to low corneal power levels (62 microW) of blue light (441 nm) was investigated by light microscopy in 20 rhesus eyes over an interval ranging from 1 hr to 90 days after exposure. Results indicate a nonthermal type of photochemical lesion originating in the retinal pigment epithelium and leading to a histological response with hypopigmentation which requires 48 hr to appear. This type of lesion helps to explain solar retinitis and eclipse blindness and has significance for aging and degenerative changes in the retina.  (+info)

Photophysical analysis of class I major histocompatibility complex protein assembly using a xanthene-derivatized beta2-microglobulin. (3/2984)

Spectral changes and a sixfold increase in the emission intensity were observed in the fluorescence of a single xanthene probe (Texas red) attached to beta2m-microglobulin (beta2m) upon assembly of beta2m into a ternary complex with mouse H-2Kd heavy chain and influenza nuclear protein peptide. Dissociation of the labeled beta2m from the ternary complex restored the probe's fluorescence and absorption spectra and reduced the emission intensity. Thus changes in xanthene probe fluorescence upon association/dissociation of the labeled beta2m molecule with/from the ternary complex provide a simple and convenient method for studying the assembly/dissociation mechanism of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) encoded molecule. The photophysical changes in the probe can be accounted for by the oligomerization of free labeled beta2m molecules. The fluorescence at 610 nm is due to beta2m dimers, where the probes are significantly separated spatially so that their emission and excitation properties are close to those of xanthene monomers. Fluorescence around 630 nm is due to beta2m oligomers where xanthene probes interact. Minima in the steady-state excitation (550 nm) and emission (630 nm) anisotropy spectra correlate with the maxima of the high-order oligomer excitation and emission spectra, showing that their fluorescence is more depolarized. These photophysical features are explained by splitting of the first singlet excited state of interacting xanthene probes that can be modeled by exciton theory.  (+info)

Resolution of fluorescence correlation measurements. (4/2984)

The resolution limit of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy for two-component solutions is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The autocorrelation function for two different particles in solution were computed, statistical noise was added, and the resulting curve was fitted with a least squares fit. These simulations show that the ability to distinguish between two different molecular species in solution depends strongly on the number of photons detected from each particle, their difference in size, and the concentration of each component in solution. To distinguish two components, their diffusion times must differ by at least a factor of 1.6 for comparable quantum yields and a high fluorescence signal. Experiments were conducted with Rhodamine 6G and Rhodamine-labeled bovine serum albumin. The experimental results support the simulations. In addition, they show that even with a high fluorescence signal but significantly different quantum yields, the diffusion times must differ by a factor much bigger than 1.6 to distinguish the two components. Depending on the quantum yields and the difference in size, there exists a concentration threshold for the less abundant component below which it is not possible to determine with statistical means alone that two particles are in solution.  (+info)

Chemotactic responses of Escherichia coli to small jumps of photoreleased L-aspartate. (5/2984)

Computer-assisted motion analysis coupled to flash photolysis of caged chemoeffectors provides a means for time-resolved analysis of bacterial chemotaxis. Escherichia coli taxis toward the amino acid attractant L-aspartate is mediated by the Tar receptor. The physiology of this response, as well as Tar structure and biochemistry, has been studied extensively. The beta-2, 6-dinitrobenzyl ester of L-aspartic acid and the 1-(2-nitrophenyl)ethyl ether of 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-tris-sulfonic acid were synthesized. These compounds liberated L-aspartate and the fluorophore 8-hydroxypyrene 1,3,6-tris-sulfonic acid (pyranine) upon irradiation with near-UV light. Photorelease of the fluorophore was used to define the amplitude and temporal stability of the aspartate jumps employed in chemotaxis experiments. The dependence of chemotactic adaptation times on aspartate concentration, determined in mixing experiments, was best fit by two Tar aspartate-binding sites. Signal processing (excitation) times, amplitudes, and adaptive recovery of responses elicited by aspartate jumps producing less than 20% change in receptor occupancy were characterized in photorelease assays. Aspartate concentration jumps in the nanomolar range elicited measurable responses. The response threshold and sensitivity of swimming bacteria matched those of bacteria tethered to glass by a single flagellum. Stimuli of similar magnitude, delivered either by rapid mixing or photorelease, evoked responses of similar strength, as assessed by recovery time measurements. These times remained proportional to change in receptor occupancy close to threshold, irrespective of prior occupancy. Motor excitation responses decayed exponentially with time. Rates of excitation responses near threshold ranged from 2 to 7 s-1. These values are consistent with control of excitation signaling by decay of phosphorylated pools of the response regulator protein, CheY. Excitation response rates increased slightly with stimulus size up to values limited by the instrumentation; the most rapid was measured to be 16 +/- 3 (SE) s-1. This increase may reflect simultaneous activation of CheY dephosphorylation, together with inhibition of its phosphorylation.  (+info)

Resolution of the paradox of red cell shape changes in low and high pH. (6/2984)

The molecular basis of cell shape regulation in acidic pH was investigated in human erythrocytes. Intact erythrocytes maintain normal shape in the cell pH range 6.3-7.9, but invaginate at lower pH values. However, consistent with predicted pH-dependent changes in the erythrocyte membrane skeleton, isolated erythrocyte membranes evaginate in acidic pH. Moreover, intact cells evaginate at pH greater than 7.9, but isolated membranes invaginate in this condition. Labeling with the hydrophobic, photoactivatable probe 5-[125I]iodonaphthyl-1-azide demonstrated pH-dependent hydrophobic insertion of an amphitropic protein into membranes of intact cells but not into isolated membranes. Based on molecular weight and on reconstitution experiments using stripped inside-out vesicles, the most likely candidate for the variably labeled protein is glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Resealing of isolated membranes reconstituted both the shape changes and the hydrophobic labeling profile seen in intact cells. This observation appears to resolve the paradox of the contradictory pH dependence of shape changes of intact cells and isolated membranes. In intact erythrocytes, the demonstrated protein-membrane interaction would oppose pH-dependent shape effects of the spectrin membrane skeleton, stabilizing cell shape in moderately abnormal pH. Stabilization of erythrocyte shape in moderately acidic pH may prevent inappropriate red cell destruction in the spleen.  (+info)

Analysis of the membrane-interacting domains of myelin basic protein by hydrophobic photolabeling. (7/2984)

Myelin basic protein is a water soluble membrane protein which interacts with acidic lipids through some type of hydrophobic interaction in addition to electrostatic interactions. Here we show that it can be labeled from within the lipid bilayer when bound to acidic lipids with the hydrophobic photolabel 3-(trifluoromethyl)-3-(m-[125I]iodophenyl)diazirine (TID) and by two lipid photolabels. The latter included one with the reactive group near the apolar/polar interface and one with the reactive group linked to an acyl chain to position it deeper in the bilayer. The regions of the protein which interact hydrophobically with lipid to the greatest extent were determined by cleaving the TID-labeled myelin basic protein (MBP) with cathepsin D into peptides 1-43, 44-89, and 90-170. All three peptides from lipid-bound protein were labeled much more than peptides from the protein labeled in solution. However, the peptide labeling pattern was similar for both environments. The two peptides in the N-terminal half were labeled similarly and about twice as much as the C-terminal peptide indicating that the N-terminal half interacts hydrophobically with lipid more than the C-terminal half. MBP can be modified post-translationally in vivo, including by deamidation, which may alter its interactions with lipid. However, deamidation had no effect on the TID labeling of MBP or on the labeling pattern of the cathepsin D peptides. The site of deamidation has been reported to be in the C-terminal half, and its lack of effect on hydrophobic interactions of MBP with lipid are consistent with the conclusion that the N-terminal half interacts hydrophobically more than the C-terminal half. Since other studies of the interaction of isolated N-terminal and C-terminal peptides with lipid also indicate that the N-terminal half interacts hydrophobically with lipid more than the C-terminal half, these results from photolabeling of the intact protein suggest that the N-terminal half of the intact protein interacts with lipid in a similar way as the isolated peptide. The similar behavior of the intact protein to that of its isolated peptides suggests that when the purified protein binds to acidic lipids, it is in a conformation which allows both halves of the protein to interact independently with the lipid bilayer. That is, it does not form a hydrophobic domain made up from different parts of the protein.  (+info)

Photochemical internalization: a novel technology for delivery of macromolecules into cytosol. (8/2984)

The therapeutic usefulness of macromolecules, such as in gene therapy, is often limited by an inefficient transfer of the macromolecule to the cytosol and a lack of tissue-specific targeting. The possibility of photochemically releasing macromolecules from endosomes and lysosomes into the cytosol was examined. Endocytosed macromolecules and photosensitizer were exposed to light and intracellular localization and the expression of macomolecules in the cytosol was analyzed. This novel technology, named photochemical internalization (PCI), was found to efficiently deliver type I ribosome-inactivating proteins, horseradish peroxidase, a p21ras-derived peptide, and a plasmid encoding green fluorescent protein into cytosol in a light-dependent manner. The results presented here show that PCI can induce efficient light-directed delivery of macromolecules into the cytosol, indicating that PCI may have a variety of useful applications for site-specific drug delivery, e.g., in gene therapy, vaccination, and cancer treatment.  (+info)

Continuous flow photochemistry offers multiple advantages over batch photochemistry. Photochemical reactions are driven by the ... Calvert, J. G.; Pitts, J. N. Photochemistry. Wiley & Sons: New York, US, 1966. Congress Catalog number: 65-24288 Photochemistry ... Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology [1] ChemPhotoChem [2] Photochemistry and Photobiology [3] Photochemical & ... Photochemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the chemical effects of light. Generally, this term is used to ...
... has proven to be a very useful synthetic tool. Complex organic products can be obtained simply. Early ... Organic photochemistry encompasses organic reactions that are induced by the action of light. The absorption of ultraviolet ... Organic photochemistry advanced with the development of the Woodward-Hoffmann rules. Illustrative, these rules help rationalize ... Mechanistic and Exploratory Organic Photochemistry. XXIII," Zimmerman, H. E.; Rieke, R. D.; Scheffer, J. R. J. Am. Chem. Soc., ...
... is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering photochemistry and photobiology. It ... "Issue archive". Photochemistry and Photobiology. Retrieved 12 December 2010. Kendric C. Smith (1997). "Reflections on the 25th ... "Photochemistry and Photobiology". 2017 Journal Citation Reports. Web of Science (Science OR Social Sciences ed.). Clarivate ... Jagger, John (1990). "American Society for Photobiology (ASP) History: 1983-1987". Photochemistry and Photobiology. 52 (4): 925 ...
... C: Photochemistry Reviews focusses on photochemistry literature reviews. It is the ... The Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C: Photochemistry Reviews was first published in 2000 with Akira Fujishima as ... The Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C: Photochemistry Reviews is abstracted and indexed in BIOSIS Previews, ... Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology. Editorial Board. Retrieved 17 January 2011. "Journal of Photochemistry ...
ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. Pfoertner, Karl-Heinz (2000). "Photochemistry". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. ...
1911). "Photochemistry" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 484-485. Johann Wolfgang ...
... photochemistry; chemistry kinetics; spectroscopy and physical chemistry applied to biological systems and respiratory enzymes ...
Calvert, Jack G; James N Pitts (1966). Photochemistry. New York: Wiley and Sons. ISBN 0-471-13091-5. Taylor, H. A. (1971). ... Rabek, J. F. (1982). Experimental methods in Photochemistry and Photophysics. Chicester: Wiley and Sons. ISBN 0-471-90029-X. ... Photochemistry and Photobiology. 37 (6): 595-598. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1983.tb04526.x. S2CID 98387978. (CS1: Julian- ... Analytical methods techniques for actinometry in Analytical photochemistry and photochemical analysis. New York: Marcel Dekker ...
... photochemistry; combustion chemistry; heterogeneous, homogeneous, and enzyme catalysis; atmospheric and environmental chemistry ...
Pfoertner, Karl-Heinz (2000). "Photochemistry". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi: ...
"Photochemistry". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_573. Dondoni, A ...
"Photochemistry". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_573. Rondestvedt ...
Photochemistry. Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 164. ISBN 9781849731652. Retrieved 14 January 2017. Clark, J.H.; Kybett, A.P.; ...
Bryce-Smith, D. (1971). Photochemistry. Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 279. ISBN 978-0-85186-015-2. (Articles without InChI ...
He pioneered photochemistry research at National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology and established the ... cite book}}: ,first1= has generic name (help) D. Bryce-Smith; A. Gilbert (1993). Photochemistry. Royal Society of Chemistry. pp ... Synthesis And Study Of Photophysical Properties And Quantum Efficiencies Of Singlet Oxygen Generation". Photochemistry and ... He was known for establishing the Photochemistry Research Unit at NIIST and his studies on the mechanism of organic reactions. ...
A few of the most significant texts are: Photochemistry of Coordination Compounds (1970), Supramolecular Photochemistry (1991 ... XII IUPAC Symposium on Photochemistry (1988); International Symposium on "Photochemistry and Photophysics of Coordination ... He was chairman of the PhD course on Chemical Sciences from 2002 to 2007 and of the "laurea specialistica" in Photochemistry ... Director: Institute of Photochemistry and High Energy Radiations (FRAE), National Research Council (Italy), Bologna (1977-1988 ...
"RSC Photophysics & Photochemistry Group Meeting 2018 - Specific". specific.eu.com. Retrieved 2 December 2018. "Home - Senoptica ... She was appointed chair of the Royal Society of Chemistry Photophysics and Photochemistry Group in 2017. She founded Senoptica ... In 2013 she published the textbook Applied Photochemistry with Springer Publishing. They explored self-assembly of conjugated ... Evans, Rachel C., Douglas, Peter, Burrows, Hugh (2013). Applied photochemistry. Dordrecht: Springer. ISBN 9789048138302. OCLC ...
In: Bahnemann DW and Robertson PKJ (Eds). Environmental Photochemistry III. Springer. p. 186. (Geochemistry, Photochemistry). ... but have been traditionally categorized as photochemistry, especially at the time when photochemistry was an emerging field or ... Photogeochemistry merges photochemistry and geochemistry into the study of light-induced chemical reactions that occur or may ... Lesko, DMB; Coddens, EM; Swomley, HD; Welch, RM; Borgatta, J; Navea, JG (2015). "Photochemistry of nitrate chemisorbed on ...
... is a branch of photochemistry that uses single-electron transfer. Photoredox catalysts are generally drawn ...
Turro, Nicholas J. (1991). Modern Molecular Photochemistry. University Science Books. ISBN 9780935702712. Balzani, Vincenzo ( ... 1990). Supramolecular photochemistry. New York: Ellis Horwood. ISBN 978-0138775315. OCLC 22183798. Daly, Brian; Ling, Jue; ...
Evans, Rachel C. (8 July 2014). Applied Photochemistry. Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media. p. 152. ISBN 978-9-048-13830 ...
Organic Photochemistry. New York: McGraw-Hill. W. Michler (1876). "Synthese aromatischer Ketone mittelst Chlorkohlenoxyd". ...
There are 3 basic laws of photochemistry: 1) First Law of Photochemistry: This law explains that in order for photochemistry to ... 2) Second Law of Photochemistry: This law explains that only one molecule will be activated by each photon that is absorbed. 3 ... "BASIC PHOTOCHEMISTRY". photobiology.info. Retrieved 2019-11-24. Eichhorn Bilodeau, Samuel; Wu, Bo-Sen; Rufyikiri, Anne-Sophie; ... The field includes the study of photophysics, photochemistry, photosynthesis, photomorphogenesis, visual processing, circadian ...
Hartley, G. H.; Guillet, J. E. (March 1968). "Photochemistry of Ketone Polymers. I. Studies of Ethylene-Carbon Monoxide ... Polymer Photochemistry. 1 (3): 221-232. doi:10.1016/0144-2880(81)90021-X. Rabek, Jan F.; Rånby, Bengt; Östensson, Bengt; Flodin ...
Photochemistry and Photobiology. 81 (6): 1548-1553. doi:10.1562/2005-07-26-RA-624. ISSN 1751-1097. PMID 16354117. S2CID ...
Photochemistry and Photobiology. 85 (6): 1491-1496. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2009.00589.x. PMC 2783742. PMID 19659920. Singh S, ...
DNA photobinding is the most studied aspect of the photobiology and photochemistry of angelicin. According to the mechanism, ... Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology. 6 (1-2): 237-247. doi:10.1016/1011-1344(90)85093-C. ISSN 1011-1344. PMID ... Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology. 8 (3): 235-254. doi:10.1016/1011-1344(91)80082-S. ISSN 1011-1344. PMID ... Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology. 2 (4): 515-521. doi:10.1016/1011-1344(88)85080-2. ISSN 1011-1344. PMID ...
Photochemistry and Photobiology. 82 (3): 702-710. doi:10.1562/2005-09-20-ra-690. ISSN 0031-8655. PMID 16464127. S2CID 24222149 ...
Photochemistry and Photobiology. 92 (2): 257-263. doi:10.1111/php.12558. PMC 4914479. PMID 26686819. Wietek, Jonas; Rodriguez- ...
Infrared Spectroscopy and Photochemistry of NCCN+ and CNCN+ Trapped in Solid Neon. ... Jacox, M. and Thompson, W. (2007), Infrared Spectroscopy and Photochemistry of NCCN,sup,+,/sup, and CNCN,sup,+,/sup, Trapped in ... https://www.nist.gov/publications/infrared-spectroscopy-and-photochemistry-nccn-and-cncn-trapped-solid-neon ...
Psoralen-protein photochemistry--a forgotten field I M Schmitt et al. J Photochem Photobiol B. 1995 Feb. ... Psoralen-protein photochemistry--a forgotten field I M Schmitt 1 , S Chimenti, F P Gasparro ... Thus, the main research effort has been directed towards the elucidation of nucleic acid photochemistry and related subsequent ...
Deliverables, publications, datasets, software, exploitable results
Extreme-ultraviolet- and X-Ray-driven Photochemistry of Gaseous Exoplanets *Locci, Daniele ...
The goal of the project is to develop new alternative routes of synthesis based on photochemistry - a highly innovative, ... Olon and Milan Uni create photochemistry process scholarship for APIs. 27-Jul-2022 ... widespread development of the know-how required for industrial application of photochemistry to the production of the active ... of Milans Department of Chemistry announce the creation of a Scholarship for a PhD in the development of new photochemistry ...
... both the diurnal and 27-day solar ultraviolet flux forcings are coupled to examine the effects of localized photochemistry on ... Zhu, X., J-H. Yee, and D. F. Strobel, 2000: Coupled models of photochemistry and dynamics in the mesosphere and lower ... Coupled models of photochemistry and dynamics in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere.. Atmospheric Science Across the ... Effect of Short-Term Solar Ultraviolet Flux Variability in a Coupled Model of Photochemistry and Dynamics ...
The literature on the photochemistry of heterocyclic compounds was surveyed with a particular interest in pyridine chemistry. ... The literature on the photochemistry of heterocyclic compounds was surveyed with a particular interest in pyridine chemistry. ...
... critical temperature control in photochemistry reactions from -30 °C to 80 °C for reliable results. ... Modular Flow Chemistry & photochemistry system. Further information. To find out more about the Asynt range of photochemistry ... New LightSyn range from Asynt enabling critical temperature control in photochemistry tools. Posted on May 2, 2023. by Kirsty ... Home » News & Media » New LightSyn range from Asynt enabling critical temperature control in photochemistry tools ...
We will describe the results obtained with this first three-dimensional model of the Venus photochemistry. The space and time ... Three-Dimensional Modelling of Venus Photochemistry. AGU Fall Meeting 2015, Dec 2015, San Francisco, United States. pp.P23A- ... We will describe the results obtained with this first three-dimensional model of the Venus photochemistry. The space and time ...
Photochemistry 2. Severely debilitating or life-threatening hematologic disorders: nonclinical development of pharmaceuticals ... Photochemistry. Safety. Toxicity Tests. Humans. United States. United States. Department of Health and Human Services.. United ...
... DSpace Repository. ... Theoretical Research on the Photophysics and Photochemistry of Water Aggregates and DNA/RNA Nucleobases. Show simple item ... Theoretical Research on the Photophysics and Photochemistry of Water Aggregates and DNA/RNA Nucleobases. es_ES. ...
"Environmental Photochemistry of Altrenogest" EmCon 2014: Fourth International Conference on Occurrence, Fate, Effects, & ...
... *Service. Our application lab helps customers to find a cost-effective technical solution and ... UV reactors for photochemistry on a laboratory scale Preferably in connection with our Synviolet® reactor systems for ... Photochemistry offers the possibility to perform many reactions at very low media temperatures; it is not uncommon for ... ATEX-certified UV reactors for preparative photochemistry Two stepped photo-preparative plant für female hormons in multi- ...
L. F. V. Ferreira, I. F. Machado, A. S. Oliveira, J. P. Da Silva, A. Krawczyk and M. Sikorski, Surface photochemistry: Diffuse ... L. F. V. Ferreira, I. F. Machado, A. S. Oliveira, J. P. Da Silva, A. Krawczyk and M. Sikorski, Surface photochemistry: Diffuse ... Copyright © Applied Photochemistry Lab, All rights reserved.. designed by marcello. ... Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy in Photochemistry of Opaque Food Products. Methods and Applications. Polish Journal of Food ...
Advances in photochemistry. 13 / Hrsg. D. H. ...
In Silico Photochemistry Group. Centre for Computational Chemistry. School of Chemistry. Cantocks Close. University of Bristol ...
This is the first time the conference has been held in Australia. It will take place at the Melbourne Convention and Exhibition Centre, and is proudly hosted by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science.. ...
"Polymer photochemistry", Photochemistry, William M Horspool, Norman S Allen, Alan Cox, Albert C Pratt, Ian Dunkin, A (Tony) ...
Toda la info sobre Gowri_Manohari Arugumam
The photochemistry of thiophene S-oxides. Kazuya Arima, Daisuke Ohira, Masataka Watanabe, Asami Miura, Shuntaro Mataka, Thies ... The photochemistry of thiophene S-oxides. / Arima, Kazuya; Ohira, Daisuke; Watanabe, Masataka et al. In: Photochemical and ... The photochemistry of thiophene S-oxides. In: Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 2005 ; Vol. 4, No. 10. pp. 808-816. ... The photochemistry of thiophene S-oxides. Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 2005 Dec 2;4(10):808-816. doi: 10.1039/ ...
Photochemistry and Photobiology. 2002;76(4):406-410.. *Gulati BR, Allwood PB, Hedberg CW, Goyal SM. Efficacy of commonly used ...
After moving to Caltech in 1966, he began work in inorganic photochemistry that led to the development of light absorbers and ... 3rd RSC Photophysics and Photochemistry Group Early Career Meeting 2023. 31 August 2023 11:30 - 1 September 2023 14:30, Glasgow ... and thermo/electro/photochemistry in complex multi-phase media on multiple scales. She received her PhD (2010) in Mechanical ...
Tracking the ultraviolet-induced photochemistry of thiophenone during and after ultrafast ring opening *Shashank Pathak ...
Decker, Christian; Balandier, Michel (July 1981). "Photo-oxidation of poly(vinyl chloride)". Polymer Photochemistry. 1 (3): 221 ... Hartley, G. H.; Guillet, J. E. (March 1968). "Photochemistry of Ketone Polymers. I. Studies of Ethylene-Carbon Monoxide ...
Oxygen-dependent photochemistry of fluorescent dyes studied at the single molecule level ... Renn, A., Seelig, J. D., & Sandoghdar, V. (2001). Oxygen-dependent photochemistry of fluorescent dyes studied at the single ... Oxygen-dependent photochemistry of fluorescent dyes studied at the single molecule level ...
Transformations Using Organic Photochemistry. We have recently discovered a novel approach to the synthesis of substituted ...
Aquatic photochemistry of isoflavone phytoestrogens: degradation kinetics and pathways.. Felcyn, Jacob R; Davis, Jasmine C C; ...
Geoff Weaver, PhD student in the crop physiology lab just published a paper titled A photochemistry-based method for ... PhD student Geoff Weaver published A photochemistry-based method for optimising greenhouse supplemental light intensity. ... PhD student Geoff Weaver published A photochemistry-based method for optimising greenhouse supplemental light intensity ...
  • The literature on the photochemistry of heterocyclic compounds was surveyed with a particular interest in pyridine chemistry. (dtic.mil)
  • Posteriormente se ha procedido a revisar el conocimiento obtenido durante la última década en el seno del grupo QCEXVAL ("Quantum Chemistry for the Excited State of Valencia") acerca de los caminos de decaimiento fotoquímicos que describen la fotoestabilidad de las nucleobases, contrastándolos con métodos más precisos disponibles en la actualidad con tal de validar los mecanismos previamente elucidados. (uv.es)
  • This listing of references was compiled as a result of searching volumes 41 to 61 of Chemical Abstracts under the headings light, photochemistry, and pyridine. (dtic.mil)
  • In this process, e.g. vitamins, hormones, fragrances and other valuable components are produced by synthesis with light (preparative photochemistry). (enviolet.com)
  • After moving to Caltech in 1966, he began work in inorganic photochemistry that led to the development of light absorbers and robust catalysts for the production of solar fuels. (rsc.org)
  • Geoff Weaver, PhD student in the crop physiology lab just published a paper titled 'A photochemistry-based method for optimising greenhouse supplemental light intensity' in BioSystems Engineering. (uga.edu)
  • Thus, the main research effort has been directed towards the elucidation of nucleic acid photochemistry and related subsequent events (mutagenicity, toxicity). (nih.gov)
  • The goal of the project is to develop new alternative routes of synthesis based on photochemistry - a highly innovative, sustainable process that can be systematically applied to the industrial-scale production this Italian Chemical Group performs in its 11 production facilities worldwide. (manufacturingchemist.com)
  • Ozone is a highly oxidative gas formed in the lower atmosphere (‎from gases originating to a large extent from anthropogenic sources)‎ by photochemistry driven by solar radiation. (who.int)
  • Sikorski, M . Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy in Photochemistry of Opaque Food Products. (edu.pl)
  • We will describe the results obtained with this first three-dimensional model of the Venus photochemistry. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
  • She spent that year in the laboratory of R. G. W. Norrish, a noted pioneer in photochemistry. (nih.gov)
  • Photophysics, photochemistry and photobiology. (medscape.com)