Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a serine moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and serine and 2 moles of fatty acids.

Role of class B scavenger receptor type I in phagocytosis of apoptotic rat spermatogenic cells by Sertoli cells. (1/2206)

Rat Sertoli cells phagocytose apoptotic spermatogenic cells, which consist mostly of spermatocytes, in primary culture by recognizing phosphatidylserine (PS) exposed on the surface of degenerating spermatogenic cells. We compared the mode of phagocytosis using spermatogenic cells at different stages of spermatogenesis. Spermatogenic cells were separated into several groups based on their ploidy, with purities of 60-90%. When the fractionated spermatogenic cell populations were subjected to a phagocytosis assay, cells with ploidies of 1n, 2n, and 4n were almost equally phagocytosed by Sertoli cells. All the cell populations exposed PS on the cell surface, and phagocytosis of all cell populations was similarly inhibited by the addition of PS-containing liposomes. Class B scavenger receptor type I (SR-BI), a candidate for the PS receptor, was detected in Sertoli cells. Overexpression of the rat SR-BI cDNA increased the PS-mediated phagocytic activity of Sertoli cell-derived cell lines. Moreover, phagocytosis of spermatogenic cells by Sertoli cells was inhibited in the presence of an anti-SR-BI antibody. Finally, the addition of high density lipoprotein, a ligand specific for SR-BI, decreased both phagocytosis of spermatogenic cells and incorporation of PS-containing liposomes by Sertoli cells. In conclusion, SR-BI functions at least partly as a PS receptor, enabling Sertoli cells to recognize and phagocytose apoptotic spermatogenic cells at all stages of differentiation.  (+info)

Kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of lipid translocation in biological membranes. (2/2206)

A theoretical analysis of the lipid translocation in cellular bilayer membranes is presented. We focus on an integrative model of active and passive transport processes determining the asymmetrical distribution of the major lipid components between the monolayers. The active translocation of the aminophospholipids phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine is mathematically described by kinetic equations resulting from a realistic ATP-dependent transport mechanism. Concerning the passive transport of the aminophospholipids as well as of phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, and cholesterol, two different approaches are used. The first treatment makes use of thermodynamic flux-force relationships. Relevant forces are transversal concentration differences of the lipids as well as differences in the mechanical states of the monolayers due to lateral compressions. Both forces, originating primarily from the operation of an aminophospholipid translocase, are expressed as functions of the lipid compositions of the two monolayers. In the case of mechanical forces, lipid-specific parameters such as different molecular surface areas and compression force constants are taken into account. Using invariance principles, it is shown how the phenomenological coefficients depend on the total lipid amounts. In a second approach, passive transport is analyzed in terms of kinetic mechanisms of carrier-mediated translocation, where mechanical effects are incorporated into the translocation rate constants. The thermodynamic as well as the kinetic approach are applied to simulate the time-dependent redistribution of the lipid components in human red blood cells. In the thermodynamic model the steady-state asymmetrical lipid distribution of erythrocyte membranes is simulated well under certain parameter restrictions: 1) the time scales of uncoupled passive transbilayer movement must be different among the lipid species; 2) positive cross-couplings of the passive lipid fluxes are needed, which, however, may be chosen lipid-unspecifically. A comparison of the thermodynamic and the kinetic approaches reveals that antiport mechanisms for passive lipid movements may be excluded. Simulations with kinetic symport mechanisms are in qualitative agreement with experimental data but show discrepancies in the asymmetrical distribution for sphingomyelin.  (+info)

Antibodies against phospholipids and oxidized LDL in alcoholic patients. (3/2206)

Antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) are a generic term describing antibodies that recognize various phospholipids. Hepatocyte damage is a cardinal event in the course of alcoholic liver injury and autoantibodies against phospholipids could play an important role in this process. APA in alcoholic patients seem to reflect membrane lesions, impairment of immunological reactivity, liver disease progression and they correlate significantly with disease severity. LDL oxidation is supposed to be one of the most important pathogenic mechanisms of atherosclerosis and antibodies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) are some kind of an epiphenomenon of this process. The scope of our study was to determine some autoantibodies (IgG-oxLDL and antiphospholipid antibodies) and their possible changes in alcoholic patients. We studied IgG-oxLDL and four APA - anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA), antiphosphatidylserine antibodies (APSA) antiphosphatidylethanolamine antibodies (APE) and antiphosphatidylcholine antibodies (APCA) in 35 alcoholic patients with mildly affected liver function at the beginning of the abuse treatment. The control group consisted of 60 healthy blood donors. In the studied group, we obtained positive results concerning total ACA in 17.1 % of alcoholic patients (8.3 % in the control group), 11.4 % IgG-ACA (6.7 %), 8.6 % IgM-ACA (3.3 %), 14.3 % total APE (6.7 %), 14.3 % total APCA (8.3 %) and 20 % total APSA (8.3 % in the control group). The IgG-oxLDL (406.4+/-52.5 vs 499.9+/-52.5 mU/ml) was not affected in alcoholic patients. We conclude that the autoantibodies against oxLDL are present in sera of alcoholics and healthy blood donors. Based on our results which revealed a wide range of IgG-oxLDL titres in the healthy population, this parameter does not appear to be very promising for the evaluation of the risk of atherosclerosis. Alcoholics with only mild affection of liver functions did not exhibit a significantly higher prevalence of all studied antiphospholipid antibodies (ACA, APSA, APE, APCA) which could lead to membrane lesions in these patients.  (+info)

Plasmalogen status influences docosahexaenoic acid levels in a macrophage cell line. Insights using ether lipid-deficient variants. (4/2206)

Previously, this laboratory reported the isolation of variants, RAW. 12 and RAW.108, from the macrophage-like cell line RAW 264.7 that are defective in plasmalogen biosynthesis [Zoeller, R.A. et al. 1992. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 8299-8306]. Fatty acid analysis showed significant changes in the mutants in the ethanolamine phospholipids (PE), the only phospholipid class in which the plasmalogen species, plasmenylethanolamine, contributes significantly. Within the PE fraction, docosapentaenoic (DPA; 22:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic (DHA; 22:6n-3) acids were reduced by approximately 50% in the variants while the levels of arachidonic acid (AA; 20:4n-6) remained unaffected. The decrease in DHA was accompanied by a 50% decrease in labeling PE with [3H]DHA over a 90-min period. Restoration of plasmenylethanolamine by supplementing the growth medium with sn -1-hexadecylglycerol (HG) completely reversed these changes in RAW. 108. Pre-existing pools of plasmenylethanolamine were not required for restoration of normal [3H]DHA labeling; addition of HG only during the labeling period was sufficient. Due to the loss of Delta1'-desaturase in RAW.12, HG supplementation resulted in the accumulation of plasmenylethanolamine's immediate biosynthetic precursor, plasmanylethanolamine. Even though this latter phospholipid contained only the ether functionality (lacking the vinyl ether double bond) it was sufficient to restore wild type-like fatty acid composition and DHA labeling of the ethanolamine phospholipids, identifying the ether bond as a structural determinant for this specificity. In summary, we have used these mutants to establish that the plasmalogen status of a cell can influence the levels of certain polyunsaturated fatty acids. These results support the notion that certain polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as DHA, can be selectively targeted to plasmalogens and that this targeting occurs during de novo biosynthesis, or shortly thereafter, through modification of nascent plasmalogen pools.  (+info)

Binding of annexin V to plasma membranes of human spermatozoa: a rapid assay for detection of membrane changes after cryostorage. (5/2206)

When the cell membrane is disturbed, phospholipid phosphatidylserine (PS) is translocated from the inner to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. This is one of the earliest signs of apoptosis and can be monitored by the calcium-dependent binding of annexin V. Therefore, annexin V-binding, in conjunction with flow cytometry, was used to evaluate the integrity of the sperm plasma membrane after different cryostorage protocols: i.e. 10% (v/v) glycerol; sperm maintenance medium (MM); freezing medium TEST yolk buffer (TYB); or cryostorage without protection (cryoshock). Using a combination of two fluorescent dyes, annexin V and propidium iodide (PI), led to three groups of spermatozoa being identified: (i) viable spermatozoa (annexin V-negative and PI-negative); (ii) dead spermatozoa (annexin V-positive and PI-positive); and (iii) cells with impaired but integer plasma membrane (annexin V-positive and PI-negative). The percentage of vital annexin V-negative spermatozoa increased significantly (P < 0.05) from spermatozoa treated by cryoshock (15.0+/-1.2%) to spermatozoa cryopreserved by TYB (26.6+/-2.2%) via cryopreservation by 10% (v/v) glycerol (19.9+/-1.6%) and by MM (22.2 1.8%) and was associated with the percentage of motile spermatozoa (17.6+/-3.4% by glycerol; 19.6+/-3.7% by MM and 22.6+/-3.9% by TYB; P = 0.0001). Of the spermatozoa, 12-22% were annexin V-positive even though they did not bind to PI, indicating viability before as well as after cryostorage. The percentage of vital annexin V-positive spermatozoa was significantly correlated with different sperm motility parameters (velocity straight linear, r = 0.601, P = 0.018; percentage of linearly motile spermatozoa: r = 0.549, P = 0.034). We, therefore, concluded that annexin V-binding is more sensitive in detecting a deterioration of membrane functions than PI staining, and that a considerable percentage of spermatozoa might have dysfunctional plasma membranes besides dead or moribund cells. Of the cryopreservation protocols tested, TYB yielded the most viable spermatozoa. Therefore, we advocate the use of the annexin V-binding assay for the evaluation of the quality and integrity of spermatozoa.  (+info)

Enhancement of endocytosis due to aminophospholipid transport across the plasma membrane of living cells. (6/2206)

Formation of intracellular vesicles is initiated by membrane budding. Here we test the hypothesis that the plasma membrane surface area asymmetry could be a driving force for vesicle formation during endocytosis. The inner layer phospholipid number was therefore increased by adding exogenous aminophospholipids to living cells, which were then translocated from the outer to the inner layer of the membrane by the ubiquitous flippase. Addition of either phosphatidylserine or phosphatidylethanolamine led to an enhancement of endocytosis, showing that the observed acceleration does not depend on the lipid polar head group. Conversely, a closely related aminophospholipid that is not recognized by the flippase, lyso-alpha-phosphatidylserine, inhibited endocytosis, and similar results were obtained with a cholesterol derivative that also remains in the plasma membrane outer layer. Thus an increase of lipid concentration in the inner layer enhanced internalization, whereas an increase of the lipid concentration in the outer layer inhibited internalization. These experiments suggest that transient asymmetries in lipid concentration might contribute to the formation of endocytic vesicles.  (+info)

Synthesis and turnover of cerebrosides and phosphatidylserine of myelin and microsomal fractions of adult and developing rat brain. (7/2206)

The synthesis and turnover of cerebrosides and phospholipids was followed in microsomal and myelin fractions of developing and adult rat brains after an intracerebral injection of [U-14C]serine. The kinetics of incorporation of radioactivity into microsomal and myelin cerebrosides indicate the possibility of a precursor-product relationship between cerebrosides of these membranes. The specific radioactivity of myelin cerebrosides was corrected for the deposition of newly formed cerebrosides in myelin. Multiphasic curves were obtained for the decline in specific radioactivity of myelin and microsomal cerebrosides, suggesting different cerebroside pools in these membranes. The half-life of the fast turning-over pool of cerebrosides of myelin was 7 and 22 days for the developing and adult rat brain respectively. The half-life of the slowly turning-over pool of myelin cerebrosides was about 145 days for both groups of animals. The half-life of the rapidly turning-over microsomal cerebrosides was calculated to be 20 and 40 h for the developing and adult animals respectively. The half-life of the intermediate and slowly turning-over microsomal cerebrosides was 11 and 60 days respectively, for both groups of animals. The amount of incorporation of radioactivity into microsomal cerebrosides from L-serine was greatly decreased in the adult animals, and greater amounts of the precursor were directed towards the synthesis of phosphatidylserine. In the developing animals, considerable amounts of cerebrosides were synthesized from L-serine, besides phosphatidylserine. The time-course of incorporation indicated that a precursor-product relationship exists between microsomal and myelin phosphatidylserine. The half-life of microsomal phosphatidylserine was calculated to be about 8 h for the fast turning-over pool in both groups of animals.  (+info)

Interaction between terminal complement proteins C5b-7 and anionic phospholipids. (8/2206)

We have recently shown that C5b-6 binds to the erythrocyte membrane via an ionic interaction with sialic acid before the addition of C7 and subsequent membrane insertion. In this study we assessed the role of anionic lipids in the binding of the terminal complement proteins to the membrane and the efficiency of subsequent hemolysis. Human erythrocytes were modified by insertion of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), dipalmitoyl phosphatidylserine (DPPS), dipalmitoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE), or dipalmitoyl phosphatidic acid (DPPA). Lipid incorporation and the hemolytic assays were done in the presence of 100 micromol/L sodium orthovanadate to prevent enzymatic redistribution of lipid. We found that the neutral lipids, DPPC and DPPE, did not affect C5b-7 uptake or hemolysis by C5b-9. In contrast, the two acidic phospholipids, DPPS and DPPA, caused a dose-dependent increase in both lysis and C5b-7 uptake. We conclude that the presence of anionic lipids on the exterior face of the membrane increases C5b-7 uptake and subsequent hemolysis. It is known that sickle cell erythrocytes have increased exposure of phosphatidylserine on their external face and are abnormally sensitive to lysis by C5b-9. The data presented here provide a plausible mechanism for this increased sensitivity.  (+info)

Phosphatidylserines (PS) are a type of phospholipid that are important components of cell membranes. They are composed of a glycerol backbone, two fatty acid chains, and a phosphate group, with a serine residue attached to the phosphate group. In the medical field, PS is often studied for its potential health benefits, particularly in relation to cognitive function and aging. Some research suggests that PS supplements may improve memory and cognitive function in older adults, and may also have anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects. However, more research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits and risks of PS supplementation.

The average daily phosphatidylserine intake in a Western diet is estimated to be 130 mg. Phosphatidylserine may be found in ... Phosphatidylserine is found in soy lecithin at about 3% of total phospholipids. Table 1. Phosphatidylserine content in ... These are promoted by phosphatidylserine synthase 1 (PSS1) or 2 (PSS2). Conversely, phosphatidylserine can also give rise to ... yeast can form phosphatidylserine in an identical pathway. In mammals, phosphatidylserine is instead derived from ...
The enzyme phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.65) catalyzes the chemical reaction phosphatidyl-L-serine ⇌ {\ ... Satre M, Kennedy EP (1978). "Identification of bound pyruvate essential for the activity of phosphatidylserine decarboxylase of ...
... is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PTDSS1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene ... "Entrez Gene: Phosphatidylserine synthase 1". Retrieved 2018-06-07. Tomohiro S, Kawaguti A, Kawabe Y, Kitada S, Kuge O (March ... Phosphatidylserine synthase localizes to the mitochondria-associated membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, where it serves a ... "Gain-of-function mutations in the phosphatidylserine synthase 1 (PTDSS1) gene cause Lenz-Majewski syndrome". Nat. Genet. 46 (1 ...
Phosphatidylserine (PS); This asymmetric phospholipid distribution among the bilayer is the result of the function of several ...
Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase proenzyme is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PISD gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89 ... "Entrez Gene: PISD phosphatidylserine decarboxylase". Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, Liu W, Gibbs RA (1996). "A " ... Kuge O, Saito K, Kojima M, Akamatsu Y, Nishijima M (1996). "Post-translational processing of the phosphatidylserine ... Steenbergen R, Nanowski TS, Beigneux A, Kulinski A, Young SG, Vance JE (2006). "Disruption of the Phosphatidylserine ...
The loss of asymmetry, in particular the appearance of the anionic phospholipid phosphatidylserine on the exoplasmic face, can ... Nagata, Shigekazu; Sakuragi, Takaharu; Segawa, Katsumori (2020-02-01). "Flippase and scramblase for phosphatidylserine exposure ... Scramblases and Transfer Proteins in Phosphatidylserine Subcellular Distribution". Traffic. 16 (1): 35-47. doi:10.1111/tra. ...
Phosphatidylserine is normally found on the cytosolic surface of the plasma membrane, but is redistributed during apoptosis to ... Dying cells that undergo the final stages of apoptosis display molecules, such as phosphatidylserine, on their cell surface to ... Li MO, Sarkisian MR, Mehal WZ, Rakic P, Flavell RA (November 2003). "Phosphatidylserine receptor is required for clearance of ... Wang X (2003). "Cell corpse engulfment mediated by C. elegans phosphatidylserine receptor through CED-5 and CED-12". Science. ...
Phosphatidylserine (PS) - which contains high DHA content - has roles in neuronal signaling and neurotransmitter synthesis, and ... Kim, Hee-Yong; Huang, Bill X.; Spector, Arthur A. (2014). "Phosphatidylserine in the brain: Metabolism and function". Progress ...
Surface exposure of phosphatidylserine is thought to be brought about by the activation of scramblases. Several enzyme ... Phosphatidylserine is translocated to the exoplasmic leaflet by the activation of scramblases, leading to pro-coagulant ... Zwaal RF, Comfurius P, Bevers EM (May 2005). "Surface exposure of phosphatidylserine in pathological cells". Cell. Mol. Life ... Patients with sickle cell disease exhibit a fraction of erythrocytes with an aberrantly enhanced exposure of phosphatidyl ...
Sanders, Hazel (1967). "Preparative isolation of phosphatidyl serine from brain". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids ... allowing phosphatidylserine to be isolated more simply and quickly. "Player Profile: Hazel Sanders". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 10 ...
Orr JW, Newton AC (1992). "Interaction of protein kinase C with phosphatidylserine. 1. Cooperativity in lipid binding". ... Orr JW, Newton AC (1992). "Interaction of protein kinase C with phosphatidylserine. 2. Specificity and regulation". ... such as phosphatidylserine She has also made important discoveries in the protein phosphatase field, discovering and naming ... "Reversible exposure of the pseudosubstrate domain of protein kinase C by phosphatidylserine and diacylglycerol". Journal of ...
2021). "Phosphatidylserine receptors enhance SARS-CoV-2 infection". PLOS Pathogens. 17 (11): e1009743. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat ... This phenomenon is known to rely on phosphatidylserine incorporated in the viral envelope during egress, which then binds to ...
Aoki J, Nagai Y, Hosono H, Inoue K, Arai H (May 2002). "Structure and function of phosphatidylserine-specific phospholipase A1 ...
In the bilayer of red blood cells is phosphatidylserine. This is usually in the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. However, it ... Lentz, Barry R. (2003). "Exposure of platelet membrane phosphatidylserine regulates blood coagulation". Progress in Lipid ...
Jilani, Kashif; Qadri, Syed M.; Lang, Florian (2013). "Geldanamycin-Induced Phosphatidylserine Translocation in the Erythrocyte ...
Research indicates that sheddases are instead related to phosphatidylserine exposure. When PSA-3 cells' ability to synthesize ... "Phosphatidylserine exposure is required for ADAM17 sheddase function". Nature Communications. 7. doi:10.1038/ncomms11523. ISSN ... and the sheddase activity returned to normal levels when the cells were again able to synthesize phosphatidylserine. This led ...
A classic example of this is phosphatidylserine-triggered phagocytosis. Normally, phosphatidylserine is asymmetrically ... The presence of phosphatidylserine then triggers phagocytosis to remove the dead or dying cell. The lipid bilayer is a very ... ISBN 978-0-12-769041-4. Fadok VA, Bratton DL, Frasch SC, Warner ML, Henson PM (July 1998). "The role of phosphatidylserine in ... For example, when a cell undergoes apoptosis, the phosphatidylserine - normally localised to the cytoplasmic leaflet - is ...
Phosphatidylserine is normally found on the inner leaflet surface of the plasma membrane, but is redistributed during apoptosis ... Li MO, Sarkisian MR, Mehal WZ, Rakic P, Flavell RA (November 2003). "Phosphatidylserine receptor is required for clearance of ... Dying cells that undergo the final stages of apoptosis display phagocytotic molecules, such as phosphatidylserine, on their ... November 2003). "Cell corpse engulfment mediated by C. elegans phosphatidylserine receptor through CED-5 and CED-12". Science. ...
... such as phosphatidylserine synthase on the ER face and phosphatidylserine decarboxylase on the mitochondrial face. Because ... Vance JE, Shiao YJ (1996). "Intracellular trafficking of phospholipids: import of phosphatidylserine into mitochondria". ...
"Phosphatidylserine Exposure Controls Viral Innate Immune Responses by Microglia". Neuron. 93 (3): 574-586.e8. doi:10.1016/j. ...
April 1999). "The human serum deprivation response gene (SDPR) maps to 2q32-q33 and codes for a phosphatidylserine-binding ... "Entrez Gene: SDPR serum deprivation response (phosphatidylserine binding protein)". Boopathy GT, Kulkarni M, Ho SY, Boey A, ... Burgener R, Wolf M, Ganz T, Baggiolini M (August 1990). "Purification and characterization of a major phosphatidylserine- ...
Khan, TR; Grandin, HM; Mashaghi, A; Textor, M; Reimhult, E; Reviakine, I (2008). "Lipid redistribution in phosphatidylserine- ...
Antibodies against phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine are against the trophoblast. These phospholipids are ... Studies have shown that antibodies against phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol ...
Hong JR, Lin GH, Lin CJ, Wang WP, Lee CC, Lin TL, Wu JL (November 2004). "Phosphatidylserine receptor is required for the ... Cui P, Qin B, Liu N, Pan G, Pei D (February 2004). "Nuclear localization of the phosphatidylserine receptor protein via ... Fadok VA, Bratton DL, Rose DM, Pearson A, Ezekewitz RA, Henson PM (May 2000). "A receptor for phosphatidylserine-specific ... Ajmone-Cat MA, De Simone R, Nicolini A, Minghetti L (January 2003). "Effects of phosphatidylserine on p38 mitogen activated ...
Stone SJ, Vance JE (August 1999). "Cloning and expression of murine liver phosphatidylserine synthase (PSS)-2: differential ... L-serine-phosphatidylethanolamine phosphatidyltransferase (EC 2.7.8.29, phosphatidylserine synthase 2, serine-exchange enzyme ... L-1-phosphatidylserine + ethanolamine This enzyme catalyses replacement of a polar head group of phosphatidylethanolamine with ... "Purification and characterization of human phosphatidylserine synthases 1 and 2". The Biochemical Journal. 418 (2): 421-9. doi: ...
TIM-4 serves as a ligand for TIM-1 but also as a receptor for phosphatidylserine. Its phosphatidylserine binding however does ... Moreover recognition of phosphatidylserine also helps to control adaptive immune system by clearing phosphatidylserine ... Wong K, Valdez PA, Tan C, Yeh S, Hongo JA, Ouyang W (May 2010). "Phosphatidylserine receptor Tim-4 is essential for the ... Its phosphatidylserine binding properties also play an important role in removal of apoptotic cells. ...
Raetz CR, Kennedy EP (1974). "Partial purification and properties of phosphatidylserine synthetase from Escherichia coli". J. ... Other names in common use include phosphatidylserine synthase, CDPdiglyceride-serine O-phosphatidyltransferase, PS synthase, ... Larson TJ, Dowhan W (1976). "Ribosomal-associated phosphatidylserine synthetase from Escherichia coli: purification by ... cytidine 5'-diphospho-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol, (CDPdiglyceride):L-serine O-phosphatidyltransferase, phosphatidylserine ...
"Livedo Vasculopathy Associated with IgM Anti-phosphatidylserine-prothrombin Complex Antibody". Acta Dermato Venereologica. 90 ( ...
aminophospholipids, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylethanolamine are specifically sequestered in the inner leaflet of the ... subsequent phosphatidylserine exposure, and a transient phospholipidic imbalance between the external leaflet at the expense of ... Uptake of endothelial micoparticles is Annexin I/Phosphatidylserine receptor dependant. Microparticles are derived from many ... "Endothelial Microparticle Uptake in Target Cells Is Annexin I/Phosphatidylserine Receptor Dependent and Prevents Apoptosis". ...
However, phosphatidylserine is made in the endoplasmic reticulum. Because of this, the transport of phosphatidylserine from the ... Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase is the enzyme that is used to decarboxylate phosphatidylserine in the first pathway. The ... Phosphatidylethanolamine is also thought to play a role in blood clotting, as it works with phosphatidylserine to increase the ... Phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine in mammalian cells: Two metabolically related aminophospholipids". The Journal ...
Local externalization of phosphatidylserine mediates developmental synaptic pruning by microglia. EMBO J. 2020 Aug 17;39(16): ...
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Phosphatidyl Serine with SerinAid features PS and other essential nutritional cofactors.. These statements have not been ... Phosphatidyl Serine with SerinAid features PS and other essential nutritional cofactors.. These statements have not been ... Nourish your brain with Phosphatidyl Serine with SerinAid from Doctors Best. This formula delivers PS, an essential brain ... Nourish your brain with Phosphatidyl Serine with SerinAid from Doctors Best. This formula delivers PS, an essential brain ...
Phosphatidylserine is one of the most well-researched ingredients for cognitive support, as it currently is the only cognitive ... Phosphatidylserine is one of the most well-researched ingredients for cognitive support, as it currently is the only cognitive ... As an essential building block of brain and nerve cell membranes, Phosphatidylserine plays an important role in brain-related ... Very limited and preliminary scientific research suggests that phosphatidylserine may reduce the risk of cognitive dysfunction ...
HISTORY Phosphatidylserine is a phospholipid (a fat molecule attached to a phosphate) and is a major component of all cell ... Phosphatidylserine is a phospholipid (a fat molecule attached to a phosphate) and is a major component of all cell membranes. ... Weve micronized the Phosphatidylserine for increased bioavailability and have put the clinical dose shown to be effective in ... Research shows that Phosphatidylserine can improve cognitive function, improve memory, especially when taken with Ginkgo biloba ...
Phosphatidylserine product from soya Increases vitality For ageing people and students Phosphatidylserine improves ... Phosphatidylserine has been studied extensively, e.g. in elderly people and in double-blind studies. It has been shown to ... Studies on phosphatidylserines effects on memory and mood have mostly been conducted using a daily dosage of 300 mg. One ... Phosphatidylserine is the most common phospholipid in the brain, which improves memory and mood, and also prevents the decline ...
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Osteosarcoma is the most common type of primary bone tumor in humans. Treatment usually involves both surgical resection of the tumor and chemotherapy. Limb sparing often necessitates the use of massive bone allografts, however patients on anticancer drug regimens are at increased risk of infection, non-union and mechanical failure. The purpose of this work was to develop and test antibiotic eluting phospholipid coatings for massive bone allografts which may be useful in revision surgery for patients with osteomyelitis infection. This project was motivated by previous research performed on coatings of the phospholipid 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-l-serine (DOPS) and the antibiotic Gentamicin Sulfate (GS) applied to metallic implants. The potential of these coatings to combat infection and enhance osseointegration was evaluated in vivo using massive femoral allografts in a murine model with a well established osteomyelitis infection. Phospholipid coatings were applied to decellularized mouse
Phosphatidyl Serine von Douglas Laboratories® enthält 100 mg Phosphatidylserin (PS) aus Sojalecithin pro vegetarische Kapsel. ... Dosierungsempfehlung Phosphatidyl Serine: Erwachsene täglich 1 Kapsel oder wie von Ihrem Arzt verschrieben. ...
Phosphatidylserine. 100 mg. Commonly Available Strength. Policosanol. 10 mg. Commonly Available Strength. ...
Buy Natural Factors PS Phosphatidylserine 100mg Softgels online at YesWellness.com. Free shipping on all orders within Canada ... Natural Factors PS Phosphatidylserine 100mg Softgels. Phosphatidylserine (PS) belongs to a class of nutrients called ...
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Antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies have been found in association with clinical symptoms such as deep venous thrombosis, arterial occlusive events (eg, stroke, myocardial infarction), and recurrent fetal loss. They are also associated with vasospastic phenomena such as migraine headache, Raynaud phenomenon, and transient ischemic attack (TIA).
Phosphatidylserine vesicles enable efficient en bloc transmission of enteroviruses.. Chen, Ying-Han; Du, WenLi; Hagemeijer, ... Here, we demonstrate that clusters of enteroviral particles are packaged within phosphatidylserine (PS) lipid-enriched vesicles ...
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Phosphatidylserine For Brain Nutrition. (BeWellBuzz) Phosphatidylserine belongs to a class of chemicals known as phospholipids ...
... phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylinositol, whereby oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acid residues also showed unusual ... cytochrome c known to catalyze cardiolipin and phosphatidylserine peroxidation in apoptotic cells. The characterized specific ...
Highly Selective Fluorescence Assay for Phosphatidylserine Decarboxylase (PSD) Activity Measurement. *Home. *Highly Selective ... That is to say, there is a kind of highly selective fluorescence assay that can be used to measure phosphatidylserine ... Primarily, the function of PSD was to convert the phosphatidylserine (PS) to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). PE, an essential ...
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Phosphatidylserine is a natural existing phospholipid. It is present in almost all kinds of cells. However, higher ...
Human rhinovirus-induced inflammatory responses are inhibited by phosphatidylserine containing liposomes. Mucosal Immunol. 2016 ...
Experiments with annexin V staining revealed that 22.9% of WNVCp-transfected cells undergo phosphatidylserine dislocalization, ...
  • Phosphatidylserine is a phospholipid (a fat molecule attached to a phosphate) and is a major component of all cell membranes. (aneu.com)
  • Phosphatidylserine is the most common phospholipid in the brain, which improves memory and mood, and also prevents the decline of transmitting agents in nervous system caused by ageing. (thearcticpure.com)
  • Phosphatidylserine is a natural phospholipid that constitutes an important component of cell membranes. (cimasci.com)
  • A similar selective phospholipid peroxidation profile was detected upon incubation of a mixture of total lung lipids with H(2)O(2)/cytochrome c known to catalyze cardiolipin and phosphatidylserine peroxidation in apoptotic cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Phosphatidylserine is a natural existing phospholipid. (findingoptimism.com)
  • Both phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylcholine are important constituents of cell membranes. (cimasci.com)
  • Phosphatidylcholine is combined with choline through an ether bond to form phosphatidylcholine, and serine is combined to form phosphatidylserine. (cimasci.com)
  • Both phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylcholine are amphiphilic, i.e., hydrophilic and lipophilic. (cimasci.com)
  • Peroxidation products were identified in three relatively minor classes of anionic phospholipids, cardiolipin, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylinositol, whereby oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acid residues also showed unusual substrate specificity. (cdc.gov)
  • Phosphatidylserine (PS) belongs to a class of nutrients called phospholipids, which are fats that play an integral role in cell membrane function and structure. (yeswellness.com)
  • Primarily, the function of PSD was to convert the phosphatidylserine (PS) to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). (ebclink.com)
  • One Fosfoser Memory capsule contains 100 mg of phosphatidylserine and thus the recommended daily dosage equals the dosage used in studies. (thearcticpure.com)
  • Phosphatidylserine is one of the most well-researched ingredients for cognitive support, as it currently is the only cognitive bioactive ingredient granted a qualified health claim by the FDA. (vitalnutrientspro.co)
  • Very limited and preliminary scientific research suggests that phosphatidylserine may reduce the risk of cognitive dysfunction in the elderly. (vitalnutrientspro.co)
  • Research shows that Phosphatidylserine can improve cognitive function, improve memory, especially when taken with Ginkgo biloba. (aneu.com)
  • Phosphatidylserine is a naturally occurring nutrient found in the cell membrane and particularly abundant in the brain. (vitalnutrientspro.co)
  • We've micronized the Phosphatidylserine for increased bioavailability and have put the clinical dose shown to be effective in every serving. (aneu.com)
  • Although a clear dose has not been determined for Phosphatidylserine, the analysis of different countries' regulations and markets shows that the optimal treatment of PS is 100-300 mg/day. (cimasci.com)
  • As an essential building block of brain and nerve cell membranes, Phosphatidylserine plays an important role in brain-related biochemical pathways including neurotransmitter metabolism, nerve signal transmission and effective glucose utilization. (vitalnutrientspro.co)
  • Phosphatidylserine is mainly distributed in the inner cell membrane and concentrated in the brain. (cimasci.com)
  • This study reveals a novel mode of viral transmission , where enteroviral genomes are transmitted from cell -to- cell en bloc in membrane -bound PS vesicles instead of as single independent genomes . (bvsalud.org)
  • 1) Phosphatidylserine can obviously reduce the level of excessive stress hormones in stressors, reduce stress and relieve brain fatigue. (cimasci.com)
  • Phosphatidylserine improves significantly the effectiveness of the brain's transmitter agents and thus stimulates brain functioning, improves concentration and increases vitality. (thearcticpure.com)
  • That is to say, there is a kind of highly selective fluorescence assay that can be used to measure phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (PSD) activity. (ebclink.com)
  • The phospholipids phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylcholine are the second most frequently endorsed substances for older adults with memory complaints by proprietors of dietary supplements. (medscape.com)
  • aCL antibodies react primarily to membrane phospholipids, such as cardiolipin and phosphatidylserine. (medscape.com)
  • 4. Mobilizing phospholipids on tumor plasma membrane implicates phosphatidylserine externalization blockade for cancer immunotherapy. (nih.gov)
  • We have previously demonstrated that docosahexaenoic acid-containing phospholipids are preferred substrates for biosynthesis of membrane phosphatidylserine catalyzed by phosphatidylserine synthase (PSS). (nih.gov)
  • Phospholipids, for example, phosphatidylserine are fat mixtures like phospholipids. (forstory.org)
  • 10. The central role of phosphatidylserine in the phagocytosis of apoptotic thymocytes. (nih.gov)
  • 20. Oxidative stress inhibits the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells that have externalized phosphatidylserine. (nih.gov)
  • Besides binding to specific alleles of MHC-II, Be 2+ was recently found to compete with Ca 2+ for binding sites on phosphatidylserine-containing membranes and inhibit recognition of this lipid by phagocytes. (nih.gov)
  • Phosphatidylserine (PS) is essential for healthy brain cell membranes and to maintain an environment required for optimal brain function. (well-mart.com)
  • 14. The immune functions of phosphatidylserine in membranes of dying cells and microvesicles. (nih.gov)
  • Selective peroxidation and externalization of phosphatidylserine in normal human epidermal keratinocytes during oxidative stress induced by cumene hydroperoxide. (cdc.gov)
  • Thus, normal human epidermal keratinocytes undergo profound lipid oxidation with preference for phosphatidylserine followed by phosphatidylserine externalization upon exposure to cumene hydroperoxide. (cdc.gov)
  • Finally, phosphatidylserine and inositol for added protection from our body's most catabolic hormone - cortisol. (prosource.net)
  • Protein adjusted levels of several polar lipid classes, in particular phosphatidylserine levels, decreased, whereas FATAGs levels typically increased with increasing PCB 126 dose. (nih.gov)
  • Studies have show that 100mg of phosphatidylserine can be taken multiple times everyday to dial back cerebrum decline as we age. (forstory.org)
  • Using fluorescamine derivatization and annexin V binding it was observed that specific oxidation of phosphatidylserine was accompanied by phosphatidylserine translocation from the inner to the outer plasma membrane surface where it may serve as a recognition signal for interaction with phagocytic macrophages. (cdc.gov)
  • Our data indicate that HIV-cell binding triggers phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure at the cell surface. (nih.gov)
  • 6. Phosphatidylserine exposure in living cells. (nih.gov)
  • 11. Aminophospholipid translocase TAT-1 promotes phosphatidylserine exposure during C. elegans apoptosis. (nih.gov)
  • 13. Regulation of phosphatidylserine exposure and phagocytosis of apoptotic T lymphocytes. (nih.gov)
  • Phosphatidylserine has garnered interest due to its potential capacity to regulate cortisol levels and facilitate stress mitigation. (vorstcanada.com)
  • In order to comprehend the regulatory function of phosphatidylserine with respect to cortisol, it is imperative to have a comprehensive understanding of the stress response and the role played by cortisol in it. (vorstcanada.com)
  • 12. Macrophage recognition of externalized phosphatidylserine and phagocytosis of apoptotic Jurkat cells--existence of a threshold. (nih.gov)
  • DHA promotes the accumulation of phosphatidylserine (PS), which prevents neuronal cell death. (nih.gov)
  • They believe molecules in the viral membrane bind with the exposed phosphatidylserine on the cell surface to enhance the virus' fusion to the cell. (nih.gov)
  • Phosphatidylserine also helps enhance locomotor functions like rapid reactions and reflexes. (nutrachamps.com)
  • The researchers found that blocking the transfer of phosphatidylserine to the cell surface - or attaching another molecule to phosphatidylserine so it can't bind with HIV - prevents the virus from infecting the cell. (nih.gov)
  • Phosphatidylserine is present in limited quantities in diverse dietary sources, including fish (notably herring and mackerel), organ meats (such as liver and kidney), soybeans, white beans, and bovine brains. (vorstcanada.com)
  • 19. Biological Function and Immunotherapy Utilizing Phosphatidylserine-based Nanoparticles. (nih.gov)
  • however, subsequent studies have indicated that it does not directly function in the clearance of apoptotic cells, and questioned whether it is a true phosphatidylserine receptor. (nih.gov)
  • Phosphatidylserine helps preserve the protective layer around nerve cells called the myelin sheath. (nutrachamps.com)
  • It is therefore likely that normal human epidermal keratinocytes exposed to similar oxidative stress in vivo would under go phosphatidylserine oxidation/translocation. (cdc.gov)
  • Similar analysis of ScBOR1p revealed that this protein is primarily monomeric in detergent-based solution and that phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylserine binding is also essential for its dimerization. (bl.uk)
  • 5. Phosphatidylserine is a global immunosuppressive signal in efferocytosis, infectious disease, and cancer. (nih.gov)
  • 18. Targeting Phosphatidylserine Enhances the Anti-tumor Response to Tumor-Directed Radiation Therapy in a Preclinical Model of Melanoma. (nih.gov)