Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic
A major group of unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons containing two or more rings. The vast number of compounds of this important group, derived chiefly from petroleum and coal tar, are rather highly reactive and chemically versatile. The name is due to the strong and not unpleasant odor characteristic of most substances of this nature. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p96)
Biodegradation, Environmental
Soil Pollutants
Delftia
Polyporus
Sphingomonas
Polyporaceae
Polyporales
An order of fungi in the phylum BASIDIOMYCOTA having macroscopic basidiocarps. The members are characterized by their saprophytic activities as decomposers, particularly in the degradation of CELLULOSE and LIGNIN. A large number of species in the order have been used medicinally. (From Alexopoulos, Introductory Mycology, 4th ed, pp504-68)
Bay-Region, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon
Humic Substances
Organic matter in a state of advanced decay, after passing through the stages of COMPOST and PEAT and before becoming lignite (COAL). It is composed of a heterogenous mixture of compounds including phenolic radicals and acids that polymerize and are not easily separated nor analyzed. (E.A. Ghabbour & G. Davies, eds. Humic Substances, 2001).
Soil Microbiology
Naphthalenes
Hydrocarbons, Aromatic
Naphthols
Dioxygenases
Dendrobium
Gonanes
Stereoisomerism
Basidiomycota
Epoxy Compounds
DNA Adducts
Mucorales
Creosote
A greasy substance with a smoky odor and burned taste created by high temperature treatment of BEECH and other WOOD; COAL TAR; or resin of the CREOSOTE BUSH. It contains CRESOLS and POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS which are CARCINOGENS. It has been widely used as wood preservative and in PESTICIDES and had former use medicinally in DISINFECTANTS; LAXATIVES; and DERMATOLOGIC AGENTS.
Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria
Poloxalene
Dioscorea
Biotransformation
The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.
Adsorption
Petroleum
Ralstonia
Water Pollution, Chemical
Mycobacterium
Mutagens
Lignin
The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Burkholderia
A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria. Organisms in this genus had originally been classified as members of the PSEUDOMONAS genus but overwhelming biochemical and chemical findings indicated the need to separate them from other Pseudomonas species, and hence, this new genus was created.
Sphingomonadaceae
Pseudomonas
Carcinogens
Oxygenases
Hydroponics
Bacteria
One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.
Annonaceae
Mutagenicity Tests
Benzo(a)pyrene
An investigation into the binding of the carcinogen 15,16-dihydro-11-methylcyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one to DNA in vitro. (1/766)
After metabolic activation the carcinogen 15,16-dihydro-11-[3H]methylcyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one binds to DNA in vitro, and this binding is prevented by 7,8-benzoflavone. Radioactivity cannot be removed from the DNA with organic solvents or by chromatography on Sephadex G-50, even after heat denaturation of the DNA. Enzymatic hydrolysis yields radioactive fractions, which elute from a column of Sephadex LH-20 immediately after the natural nucleosides. At least two species of reactive metabolites are involved in this bending, those with a half-life of a few hr and others with greater stability. After extraction from the aqueous incubation mixture, they could be detected in discrete polar fractions from separations of the complex metabolite mixture by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Their ability to bind to DNA decreased with time at ambient temperature, and they were rapidly deactivated by acid. 7,8-Benzolflavone acted by suppressing the formation of polar metabolites derived from enzymatic oxidation of the aromatic double bonds. The inhibitor had no effect on the enzymes hydroxylating saturated carbon; hence it is unlikely that metabolism of the methyl group is important in conversion of this carcinogen to its proximate form, although the presence of the 11-methyl group is essential for carcinogenic activity in this series. (+info)Contrasting effects of a nonionic surfactant on the biotransformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to cis-dihydrodiols by soil bacteria. (2/766)
The biotransformation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) naphthalene and phenanthrene was investigated by using two dioxygenase-expressing bacteria, Pseudomonas sp. strain 9816/11 and Sphingomonas yanoikuyae B8/36, under conditions which facilitate mass-transfer limited substrate oxidation. Both of these strains are mutants that accumulate cis-dihydrodiol metabolites under the reaction conditions used. The effects of the nonpolar solvent 2,2,4, 4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane (HMN) and the nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 on the rate of accumulation of these metabolites were determined. HMN increased the rate of accumulation of metabolites for both microorganisms, with both substrates. The enhancement effect was most noticeable with phenanthrene, which has a lower aqueous solubility than naphthalene. Triton X-100 increased the rate of oxidation of the PAHs with strain 9816/11 with the effect being most noticeable when phenanthrene was used as a substrate. However, the surfactant inhibited the biotransformation of both naphthalene and phenanthrene with strain B8/36 under the same conditions. The observation that a nonionic surfactant could have such contrasting effects on PAH oxidation by different bacteria, which are known to be important for the degradation of these compounds in the environment, may explain why previous research on the application of the surfactants to PAH bioremediation has yielded inconclusive results. The surfactant inhibited growth of the wild-type strain S. yanoikuyae B1 on aromatic compounds but did not inhibit B8/36 dioxygenase enzyme activity in vitro. (+info)Antimalarial activities of various 9-phenanthrenemethanols with special attention to WR-122,455 and WR-171,669. (3/766)
Pilot appraisals of the activities of 16 specially selected 9-phenanthrenemethanols against acute infections with Plasmodium falciparum in owl monkeys showed that all were more active than the reference compound, WR-33,063. WR-122,455, the most active derivative, and WR-171,669, ranked sixth, were selected for study in human volunteers. To assist this undertaking, appraisals of both compounds in owl monkeys infected with various strains of P. falciparum were expanded. These assessments showed: (i) that WR-122,455 was four times as active as chloroquine against infections with chloroquine-sensitive strains and that WR-171,669 equalled chloroquine in activity; (ii) that these compounds were fully active against infections with strains resistant to chloroquine, pyrimethamine, or quinine, or to all three standard drugs; (iii) that the activity of WR-122,455 was a function of total dose, single doses being as effective as the same amounts delivered in three or seven daily fractions; and (iv) that a single dose of WR-122,455 conferred extended, although only partial, protection against challenges with trophozoites. Complementary experiments in rhesus monkeys inoculated with sporozoites of P. cynomolgi showed that the activity of WR-122,455 was limited to blood schizonts and did not extend to early or late tissue schizonts. These evaluations were compatible with the results of preliminary studies of the activities of WR-122,455 and WR-171,669 in human volunteers. (+info)Inhibition of GABA-gated chloride channels by 12,14-dichlorodehydroabietic acid in mammalian brain. (4/766)
1. 12,14-dichlorodehydroabietic acid (12,14-Cl2DHA) reduced GABA-stimulated uptake of 36Cl- into mouse brain synaptoneurosomes suggesting inhibition of mammalian GABA(A) receptor function. 2. 12,14-Cl2DHA did not affect the binding of [3H]-muscimol to brain membranes but displaced specifically bound [3H]-EBOB. The inhibitory effect on [3H]-EBOB binding was not reversible. 12,14-Cl2DHA reduced the availability of [3H]-EBOB binding sites (Bmax) without changing the KD of the radioligand for remaining sites. 12,14-Cl2DHA did not affect the rate of association of [3H]-EBOB with its chloride channel receptor, but increased the initial rate of [3H]-EBOB dissociation. 3. 12,14-Cl2DHA enhanced the incidence of EPSCs when rapidly applied to cultured rat cortical neurones. Longer exposures produced block of IPSCs with marked increases in the frequency of EPSCs and min EPSCs. 12,14-Cl2DHA also irreversibly suppressed chloride currents evoked by pulses of exogenous GABA in these cells. 4. Ultimately, 12,14-Cl2DHA inhibited all synaptic traffic and action currents in current clamped cells indicating that, in contrast to picrotoxinin (which causes paroxysmal bursting), it is not fully selective for the GABA(A) receptor-chloride channel complex. 5. The depolarizing block seen with 12,14-Cl2DHA in amphotericin-perforated preparations implicates loss of Ca2+ buffering in the polarity change and this may account for inhibition of spontaneous action potentials. 6. Our investigation demonstrates that 12,14-Cl2DHA blocks GABA-dependent chloride entry in mammalian brain and operates as a non-competitive insurmountable GABA(A) antagonist. The mechanism likely involves either irreversible binding of 12,14-Cl2DHA to the trioxabicyclooctane recognition site or a site that is allosterically coupled to it. We cannot exclude, however, the possibility that 12,14-Cl2DHA causes localized proteolysis or more extensive conformational change within a critical subunit of the chloride channel. (+info)A novel aromatic-ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase from the diterpenoid-degrading bacterium Pseudomonas abietaniphila BKME-9. (5/766)
Pseudomonas abietaniphila BKME-9 is able to degrade dehydroabietic acid (DhA) via ring hydroxylation by a novel dioxygenase. The ditA1, ditA2, and ditA3 genes, which encode the alpha and beta subunits of the oxygenase and the ferredoxin of the diterpenoid dioxygenase, respectively, were isolated and sequenced. The ferredoxin gene is 9. 2 kb upstream of the oxygenase genes and 872 bp upstream of a putative meta ring cleavage dioxygenase gene, ditC. A Tn5 insertion in the alpha subunit gene, ditA1, resulted in the accumulation by the mutant strain BKME-941 of the pathway intermediate, 7-oxoDhA. Disruption of the ferredoxin gene, ditA3, in wild-type BKME-9 by mutant-allele exchange resulted in a strain (BKME-91) with a phenotype identical to that of the mutant strain BKME-941. Sequence analysis of the putative ferredoxin indicated that it is likely to be a [4Fe-4S]- or [3Fe-4S]-type ferredoxin and not a [2Fe-2S]-type ferredoxin, as found in all previously described ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases. Expression in Escherichia coli of ditA1A2A3, encoding the diterpenoid dioxygenase without its putative reductase component, resulted in a functional enzyme. The diterpenoid dioxygenase attacks 7-oxoDhA, and not DhA, at C-11 and C-12, producing 7-oxo-11, 12-dihydroxy-8,13-abietadien acid, which was identified by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, UV-visible light, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The organization of the genes encoding the various components of the diterpenoid dioxygenase, the phylogenetic distinctiveness of both the alpha subunit and the ferredoxin component, and the unusual Fe-S cluster of the ferredoxin all suggest that this enzyme belongs to a new class of aromatic ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases. (+info)Effect of selected antimalarial drugs and inhibitors of cytochrome P-450 3A4 on halofantrine metabolism by human liver microsomes. (6/766)
Halofantrine (HF) is used in the treatment of uncomplicated multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Severe cardiotoxicity has been reported to be correlated with high plasma concentrations of HF but not with that of its metabolite N-debutylhalofantrine. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of other antimalarial drugs and of ketoconazole, a typical cytochrome P-450 3A4 inhibitor, on HF metabolism by human liver microsomes. Antimalarial drug inhibitory effects were ranked as follows: primaquine > proguanil > mefloquine > quinine > quinidine > artemether > amodiaquine. Artemisine, doxycycline, sulfadoxine, and pyrimethamine showed little or no inhibition of HF metabolism. Mefloquine, quinine, quinidine, and ketoconazole used at maximal plasma concentrations inhibited N-debutylhalofantrine formation noncompetitively with Ki values of 70 microM, 49 microM, 62 microM, and 0.05 microM resulting in 7%, 49%, 26%, and 99% inhibition, respectively, in HF metabolism. In conclusion, we showed that quinine and quinidine coadministered with HF might inhibit its metabolism resulting in the potentiation of HF-induced cardiotoxicity in patients. This requires a close monitoring of ECG. For the same reasons, the concomitant administration of HF and ketoconazole must be avoided. By contrast, none of the other antimalarials studied inhibited HF metabolism and, by extrapolation, cytochrome P-450 3A4 activity. (+info)Immunosuppressant PG490 (triptolide) inhibits T-cell interleukin-2 expression at the level of purine-box/nuclear factor of activated T-cells and NF-kappaB transcriptional activation. (7/766)
PG490 (triptolide) is a diterpene triepoxide with potent immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory properties. PG490 inhibits interleukin(IL)-2 expression by normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and antibody to CD3 (IC50 of 10 ng/ml), and with PMA and ionomycin (Iono, IC50 of 40 ng/ml). In Jurkat T-cells, PG490 inhibits PMA/Iono-stimulated IL-2 transcription. PG490 inhibits the induction of DNA binding activity at the purine-box/antigen receptor response element (ARRE)/nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NF-AT) target sequence but not at the NF-kappaB site. PG490 can completely inhibit transcriptional activation at the purine-box/ARRE/NF-AT and NF-kappaB target DNA sequences triggered by all stimuli examined (PMA, PMA/Iono, tumor necrosis factor-alpha). PG490 also inhibits PMA-stimulated activation of a chimeric transcription factor in which the C-terminal TA1 transactivation domain of NF-kappaB p65 is fused to the DNA binding domain of GAL4. In 16HBE human bronchial epithelial cells, IL-8 expression is regulated predominantly by NF-kappaB, and PG490 but not cyclosporin A can completely inhibit expression of IL-8. The mechanism of PG490 inhibition of cytokine gene expression differs from cyclosporin A and involves nuclear inhibition of transcriptional activation of NF-kappaB and the purine-box regulator operating at the ARRE/NF-AT site at a step after specific DNA binding. (+info)PG490 (triptolide) cooperates with tumor necrosis factor-alpha to induce apoptosis in tumor cells. (8/766)
Progress in the treatment of solid tumors has been slow and sporadic. The efficacy of conventional chemotherapy in solid tumors is limited because tumors frequently have mutations in the p53 gene. Also, chemotherapy only kills rapidly dividing cells. Members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, however, induce apoptosis regardless of the p53 phenotype. Unfortunately, the cytotoxicity of TNF-alpha is limited by its activation of NF-kappaB and activation of NF-kappaB is proinflammatory. We have identified a compound called PG490, that is composed of purified triptolide, which induces apoptosis in tumor cells and sensitizes tumor cells to TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis. PG490 potently inhibited TNF-alpha-induced activation of NF-kappaB. PG490 also blocked TNF-alpha-mediated induction of c-IAP2 (hiap-1) and c-IAP1 (hiap-2), members of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family. Interestingly, PG490 did not block DNA binding of NF-kappaB, but it blocked transactivation of NF-kappaB. Our identification of a compound that blocks TNF-alpha-induced activation of NF-kappaB may enhance the cytotoxicity of TNF-alpha on tumors in vivo and limit its proinflammatory effects. (+info)
Efficacy and Safety Study of Sodium Tanshinone IIA Sulfonate on Pulmonary Hypertension - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Plus it
Impairment of triptolide on liver mitochondria in isolated liver mitochondria and HL7702 cell line. - Semantic Scholar
Effects of Soil/Sediment Organic Matter on the Desorption, Bioavailability, Sequestration, and Transformation of Phenanthrene |...
Frontiers | Isolation and Characterization of Phenanthrene Degrading Bacteria from Diesel Fuel-Contaminated Antarctic Soils |...
Plus it
Items where Author is Ajima, M N O - CMFRI Repository
phenanthrene 85-01-8 Chemical Safety Info Safety Info
Deuterated Phenanthrene Tetraol in Smokers Who Are at High Risk For Lung Cancer - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Molecular structure in relation to oestrogenic activity. Compounds without a phenanthrene nucleus | Proceedings of the Royal...
Effect of Model Sorptive Phases on Phenanthrene Biodegradation: Molecular Analysis of Enrichments and Isolates Suggests...
Most recent papers with the keyword Stress metabolic | Read by QxMD
Interaction of 9,10-phenanthraquinone with dithiol causes oxidative modification of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) through...
Welcome to Wen Jiang Group
Structure and antifungal activity of hircinol, loroglossol and orchinol
Validation of data on polycyclic biomarkers, naphthalenes, phenanthrenes, and alkyldibenzothiophenes obtained by gas...
CSEMP assessment of c1 phenanthrenes in sediment at station Clyde FirthCInnerCumbraes se02
DiVA - Search result
ChemIDplus - 159092-80-5 - CZXWGQHRIOYVGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Phenanthrene, 2,5,10-trinitro- - Similar structures search, synonyms,...
Carcinogen Metabolites as Biomarkers<...
Triptolide promotes senescence of prostate cancer cells through induction of histone methylation and heterochromatin formation
Cheryl Zimmerman, RPh, PhD | School of Dentistry - University of Minnesota
Transformation and mineralization of benzo[«03B1»]pyrene by microbial cultures enriched on mixtures of three- and four-ring...
Biodegradation of PAHs by Acinetobacter isolated from karst groundwater in a coal-mining area | springerprofessional.de
In vitro probir novih derivata fenantrena na tumorskim staničnim linijama | Repozitorij Odjela za biotehnologiju Sveučilišta u...
Supplementary Components1. sediment-cap interface with the application of voltage than in - Extracellular ATP inhibits chloride...
Enhancing Phenanthrene Biomineralization in a Polluted Soil Using Gaseous Toluene as a Cosubstrate
GMD - phenanthrene - InChI=1S/C14H10/c1-3-7-13-11(5-1)9-10-12-6-2-4-8-14(12)13/h1-10H
Phenanthrene, 3-ethyl
Teen Ink | phenanthrene
Phenanthrene, 3,10-dimethyl
CA3013619A1 - Glucose conjugates of triptolide, analogs and uses thereof
- Google Patents
Structure/Reactivity Relationships in the Benzo[
c
]phenanthrene Skeleton: Stable Ion and Electrophilic Substitution ...
Health Services / Food Allergy
Thực phẩm chức năng - Collagen | sữa ong chúa | nhau thai cừu
Thực phẩm chức năng - Collagen | sữa ong chúa | nhau thai cừu
Bàn ghế cà phê giá rẻ giá 680.000 Đ - Thiết kế thi công nội thất, bàn ghế gỗ cho quán cafe
Poly-Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Cardiac effects of antimalarial treatment with halofantrine - MORU Tropical Health Network
Online Montesquieu Seminar 1966
17024-21-4,573-17-1, Supplier - fire-retardant-material.com
Concept Questions for Chemistry using PhET - PhET Contribution
Lenses and their Images - PhET příspěvek
PhET Teacher Ideas & Activities: Motion and Moving Man Simulation Homework
Thực Phẩm - VnnMall.com
Mondays Apoc-Eclipse Liveblog | PJ Media
Immunosuppressant discovery from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f: the novel triptolide analog (5 R )-5-hydroxytriptolide (LLDT-8)...
The Chinese anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive herbal remedy Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F
China Tripterygium Wilfordii Extract, China Tripterygium Wilfordii Extract Manufacturers and Suppliers on Alibaba.com
Molecular Evidence of Cryptotanshinone for Treatment and Prevention of Human Cancer | Bentham Science
Inhibition of cell growth and nuclear factor-κB activity in pancreatic cancer cell lines by a tylophorine analogue, DCB-3503<...
Cryptotanshinone | STAT3/AChE inhibitor | Cas# 35825-57-1 - GlpBio
Tumorigenicity of 5-Methylchrysene Dihydrodiols and Dihydrodiol Epoxides in Newborn Mice and on Mouse Skin<...
Catalytic Hydrocracking of Phenanthrene over NiMo/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CoMo/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub...
Tripterygium Wilfordii hook - EVIDENCE BASED NATURAL HEALTH
Characterization of a Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Degradation Gene Cluster in a Phenanthrene-Degrading Acidovorax Strain |...
Healthy Plant Extract Tripterygium Wilfordii Extract 38748-32-2 High Purity - rawpowdersanabolic
Tripterygium wilfordii | LewisGale Regional Health System
Tripterygium wilfordii tablets in the treatment of active ankylosing spondylitis: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled...
Tripterygium wilfordii | Doctors Hospital
The use of directional traps for the assessment of short-term phenanthrene effects upon soil springtail communities. - Jean...
Plus it
Celastrol pretreatment as a therapeutic option against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity | AVESİS
Transition Metal Complexes of Phenanthrenequinone Thiosemicarbazone as by Zahra Afrasiabi Navan, Ekkehard Sinn et al.
Tanshinone IIA sulfonic sodium
EP2-PKA signaling is suppressed by triptolide in lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia activation | Journal of Neuroinflammation...
Characterization of an alkylammonium-montmorillonite-phenanthrene...: Ingenta Connect
Lei Gong Teng (Radix Tripterygium wilfordii) - Health Articles
The effect of tripterygium wilfordii polyglycosidium on the compound action potential of skeletal muscle in experimental...
November | 2016 | Current research for HDAC inhibitors in pancreatic cancer
e0094 Research of triptolide on Ang II-induced neonatal cardiac fibroblasts proliferation and collagen synthesis | Heart
Chinese Plant Compound
Wipes out
Antidiabetes and Antiobesity Effect of the Cryptotanshinone in Danshen tea | superhumangear
wholesale Tanshinone IIA 40%,bulk price $0.00/kg;Herbal & Plant Extracts Supplier-eBioChem.com
HKU Scholars Hub: Inhibition of synovial fibroblast production of IL-6 by triptolide, an active ingredient of Trypterygyium...
Pharmacokinetic changes of halofantrine in experimentally-induced diabetes mellitus following oral drug administration
|...
18-Norabietane - Wikipedia
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
CCCC 1990, Volume 55, Issue 1, Abstracts pp. 245-255
| Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications
A3PJ-5703-24E Omron Automation and Safety | Switches | DigiKey
Plymouth Marine Science Electronic Archive (PlyMSEA)
1,3,4,5-Tetrahydroxy-2-methoxy-7-methylanthracene-9,10-dione - Alfa Chemistry
PQR | (3beta,7beta,12beta,25s)-3,7,12,20-tetrahydroxy-11,15,23-trioxolanost-8-en-26-oic acid
Glaucine
Reports of recreational use of glaucine have recently been published, and effects include dissociative-type symptoms; feeling detached and 'in another world', as well as nausea, vomiting and dilated pupils. These reports mirror those about the effects of clinical use, which state dissociative-type symptoms as well as lethargy, fatigue, hallucinations.[8][9] Investigation of side effects in a clinical setting also reports that the hallucinatory effects manifest as bright and colorful visualizations. They also report that patients perceive their environments clearly yet feel detached from it; "the patient sees and understands everything and is oriented well enough, but cannot take a clear and adequate action".[8]. One particular report of recreational use gone awry described the form of distribution as tablets being marketed as a 1-benzylpiperazine (BZP)-free "herbal high" which the patient referred to as "head candy".[9]. ...
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
For example, phenanthrene has two Clar structures: one with just one aromatic sextet (the middle ring), and the other with two ... anthracene and phenanthrene". Journal of Molecular Structure, volume 693, issues 1-3, pages 153-159. doi:10.1016/j.molstruc. ... and the three-ring compounds anthracene and phenanthrene. The terms polyaromatic hydrocarbon[1] or polynuclear aromatic ... Other authors consider PAHs to start with the tricyclic species phenanthrene and anthracene.[7] Most authors exclude compounds ...
Analgesic
... phenanthrene derivative.. Mu opioid; NMDA antagonist; SNRI.[99]. PO, IM, IV, SC.. Protein binding = 40%; extensive first-pass ...
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
Phenanthrene derivatives *Galantamine. *Caffeine - noncompetitive (also an Adenosine receptor antagonist)[13]. *Rosmarinic acid ...
Phenanthrenoid
Cirrhopetalanthrin is a dimeric phenanthrene derivative from Cirrhopetalum maculosum. Five phenanthrene glycosides, ... and the dimeric phenanthrenes reptanthrin and isoreptanthrin. Bulbophyllum vaginatum contains the two phenanthrenes 4,9- ... Three phenanthrenes can be isolated from the stems of the orchid Flickingeria fimbriata. The structures are 2,5-dihydroxy-4,9, ... Hwang, JS; Lee, SA; Hong, SS; Han, XH; Lee, C; Kang, SJ; Lee, D; Kim, Y; Hong, JT; Lee, MK; Hwang, BY (2010). "Phenanthrenes ...
Dendrobium plicatile
Phenanthrenes from Dendrobium plicatile. Chie Honda and Masae Yamaki, Phytochemistry, April 2000, Volume 53, Issue 8, Pages 987 ... three phenanthrenes can be isolated, named plicatol A, B and C. The plant also contains the norditerpenoids named ...
Bisphenol A
Compounds without a Phenanthrene Nucleus". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences. 125 (839): 222- ... Dodds EC, Lawson W (1936). "Synthetic Œstrogenic Agents without the Phenanthrene Nucleus". Nature. 137 (3476): 996. Bibcode: ...
Dendrobium densiflorum
Chemical compounds useful in medicine, including phenanthrenes have been extracted from this orchid. "Dendrobium densiflorum". ... Kovács, Adriána; Vasas, Andrea; Hohmann, Judit (March 2008). "Natural phenanthrenes and their biological activity". ...
Dendrobium nobile
Yang, H; Sung, S. H; Kim, Y. C (2007). "Antifibrotic phenanthrenes of Dendrobium nobile stems". Journal of Natural Products. 70 ... "Phenanthrenes from Dendrobium nobile and their inhibition of the LPS-induced production of nitric oxide in macrophage RAW 264.7 ... Extract of the stems of Dendrobium nobile yielded 17 phenanthrenes (including 3,4,8-trimethoxyphenanthrene-2,5-diol, 2,8- ...
Aromaticity
... and phenanthrene. In fused aromatics, not all carbon-carbon bonds are necessarily equivalent, as the electrons are not ...
Monomeria barbata
Four new phenanthrenes from Monomeria barbata Lindl. Minghui Yang, Le Cai, Zhigang Tai, Xianghui Zeng and Zhongtao Ding, ... Yang, Minghui; Cai, Le; Tai, Zhigang; Zeng, Xianghui; Ding, Zhongtao (2010). "Four new phenanthrenes from Monomeria barbata ...
Plicatol C
... is one of the three phenanthrenes that can be isolated from the stems of the orchid Flickingeria fimbriata. Plicatol ... A Plicatol B Phenanthrenes from Dendrobium plicatile. Chie Honda and Masae Yamaki, Phytochemistry, April 2000, Volume 53, Issue ...
Health effects of Bisphenol A
Compounds without a Phenanthrene Nucleus". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 125 (839): 222-232. Bibcode ... Dodds, E. C.; Lawson, Wilfrid (1936). "Synthetic strogenic Agents without the Phenanthrene Nucleus". Nature. 137 (3476): 996. ...
2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone
7. Synthesis of Steroidal Phenanthrenes by Double Methyl Migration". Journal of the Chemical Society C: Organic. 1971: 2566- ...
Bulbophyllum vaginatum
Phenanthrenes, dihydrophenanthrenes and bibenzyls from the orchid Bulbophyllum vaginatum. Leong Y-W, KAng C-C, Harrison LJ and ... Bulbophyllum vaginatum contains the two phenanthrenes 4,9-dimethoxyphenanthrene-2,5-diol and 4,6-dimethoxyphenanthrene-2,3,7- ...
Aromatization
DDQ and an acid catalyst has been used to synthesise a steroid with a phenanthrene core by oxidation accompanied by a double ... The Synthesis of Steroidal Phenanthrenes by Double Methyl Migration". Journal of the Chemical Society C: Organic. 14: 2566-2572 ...
Dihydrostilbenoid
"Phenanthrenes, dihydrophenanthrenes and bibenzyls from the orchid bulbophyllum vaginatum". Phytochemistry. 44: 157-165. doi: ...
Aziridines
Preparation of phenanthrene 9,10-imine". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 43 (22): 4271-4273. doi:10.1021/jo00416a003. ...
Anthracene
Common impurities are phenanthrene and carbazole. The mineral form of anthracene is called freitalite and is related to a coal ... 9,10-Dithioanthracene, derivative with two thiol groups added to the central ring Phenanthrene Tetracene Haynes, p. 3.28 Haynes ...
Chrysene
Phenanthrene Merck Index, 11th Edition, 2259. Merck Index, 14th edition Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Chrysene" . Encyclopædia ...
Kalanchoe pinnata
Bufadienolides and phenanthrene are toxic compounds. Two calves fed for 48 hours with K. pinnata have been reported to have ... Phytochemical studies of Kalanchoe pinnata have identified the presence of triterpenes, steroid, phenanthrene, flavonoid, ...
Delftia acidovorans
It can also degrade phenanthrene, which is a carbon source from polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Phenanthrene is a ... D. acidovorans strains Cs1-4 and SPH-1 can use phenanthrene, pyruvate, vanillate, succinate, Formic acid, gluconic acid, ... "Complete genome sequence of the phenanthrene-degrading soil bacterium Delftia acidovorans Cs1-4". Standards in Genomic Sciences ...
1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate hydroxylase
Deveryshetty J, Phale PS (October 2010). "Biodegradation of phenanthrene by Alcaligenes sp. strain PPH: partial purification ...
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
For example, in phenanthrene one Clar structure has two sextets-the first and third rings-while the other resonance structure ... anthracene and phenanthrene". Journal of Molecular Structure, volume 693, issues 1-3, pages 153-159. doi:10.1016/j.molstruc. ... and the three-ring compounds anthracene and phenanthrene. The terms polyaromatic hydrocarbon[1] or polynuclear aromatic ... Other authors consider PAHs to start with the tricyclic species phenanthrene and anthracene.[7] Most authors exclude compounds ...
Coeloginanthrin
Phenanthrene derivatives from the orchid Coelogyne cristata. Majumder PL1, Sen S and Majumder S, Phytochemistry, October 2001, ...
Cyanonickelate
Phenanthrene or Biphenyl)". Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry. 39 (1/2): 175-180. doi:10.1023/A: ...
Coeloginin
Majumder, P. L.; Sen, S.; Majumder, S. (2001). "Phenanthrene derivatives from the orchid Coelogyne cristata". Phytochemistry. ...
Cryptochilus acuminatus
Nudol is a phenanthrene of C. carinatus. "Cryptochilus acuminatus (Griff.) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen", Plants of the World ... Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2021-03-21 Nudol, a phenanthrene of the orchids Eulophia nuda, Eria carinata and ...
GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator
... indenes and phenanthrenes". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 36 (5): 627-30. doi:10.1021/jm00057a012. PMID 8388475. Faizi M, ...
Donald E. Pearson
9. Resolution of alpha-diheptylaminomethyl-6-9-phenanthrenes-an unusual method". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 18 (5): 523- ...
phenanthrene (CHEBI:28851)
... is a ortho-fused tricyclic hydrocarbon (CHEBI:37089) phenanthrene (CHEBI:28851) is a phenanthrenes ( ... phenanthrene (CHEBI:28851) has role mouse metabolite (CHEBI:75771) phenanthrene (CHEBI:28851) is a ortho-fused polycyclic arene ... CHEBI:28851 - phenanthrene. Main. ChEBI Ontology. Automatic Xrefs. Reactions. Pathways. Models. .gridLayoutCellStructure { min- ... 9-phenanthrol (CHEBI:28820) has parent hydride phenanthrene (CHEBI:28851). perfluorophenanthrene (CHEBI:39423) has parent ...
Phenanthrene
Rai, U.S.; Singh, O.P.; Singh, N.B., Some thermodynamic aspects of organic eutectics, succinonitrile-phenanthrene system, ... Kirby, W., Determination of the Melting and Boiling Points of Anthracene, Phenanthrene and Carbazole, J. Soc. Chem. Ind., ... Ferro, Daniela; Imperatori, Patrizia; Quagliata, Claudio, Study of the stability of the phenanthrene- and 1,2-benzanthracene- ...
Phenanthrene
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database ...
Phenanthrene - Wikipedia
Phenanthrene occurs naturally and also is a man-made chemical. Commonly, humans are exposed to phenanthrene through inhalation ... The Bardhan-Sengupta phenanthrene synthesis is a classic way to make phenanthrenes. This process involves electrophilic ... Phenanthrene can also be obtained photochemically from certain diarylethenes. Reactions of phenanthrene typically occur at the ... The compound with a phenanthrene skeleton and nitrogens at the 4 and 5 positions is known as phenanthroline. Phenanthrene is ...
Benzo(c)phenanthrene - Wikipedia
The crystal structure of benzo[c]phenanthrene and of 1,12-dimethylbenzo[c]phenanthrene". Journal of the Chemical Society ( ... Benzo[c]phenanthrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C18H12. It is a white solid that is soluble ... phenanthrene and benzo[g]chrysene". Cancer Research. 58 (23): 5340-5343. ISSN 0008-5472. PMID 9850062. v t e. ...
Characterization of an alkylammonium-montmorillonite-phenanthrene...: Ingenta Connect
13C-NMR spectroscopy shows that adding phenanthrene to TDTMA-Mt leads to a displacement by -3 ppm of the -(CH2)n - signal for ... After intercalation of phenanthrene the basal spacing increases to about 3.4 nm, indicating a change in orientation of the ... We have intercalated phenanthrene into tetradecyltrimethylammonium (TDTMA)-montmorillonite by a solid-solid reaction. The basal ... This signal and that for interlayer phenanthrene are also broadened relative to the respective pure compounds. These ...
IUCr) 9,10-Di-iodo-phenanthrene
Comparison of phenanthrene and pyrene degradation by different wood-decaying fungi. - PubMed - NCBI
Comparison of phenanthrene and pyrene degradation by different wood-decaying fungi.. Sack U1, Heinze TM, Deck J, Cerniglia CE, ... The degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene was investigated by using five different wood-decaying fungi. After 63 days of ... Phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography and identified by UV absorption, ... No 14CO2 evolution was detected in either [14C]phenanthrene or [14C]pyrene liquid cultures of Flammulina velutipes, Laetiporus ...
Photocatalytic activity of Gd2O2CO3·ZnO·CuO nanocomposite used for the degradation of phenanthrene | SpringerLink
where \(K_{phenanthrene}\) represents the adsorption coefficient of phenanthrene on the photocatalyst (L.mg−1), while \(K_{app ... where C0 is the initial phenanthrene concentration and Ct is the residual phenanthrene concentration in solution at time, t. ... 8, the rate of phenanthrene degradation increased with time due to the adsorption of phenanthrene molecules on the catalyst ... frac{\hbox{dc}}{\text{dt}} = \frac{{kK_{phenanthrene} C_{0} }}{{1 + K_{phenanthrene} C_{0} }}$$ ...
CSEMP assessment of c3 phenanthrenes in sediment at station Clyde FirthCInnerDunoon se06
... accessment of c3 phenanthrenes in sediment (unsieved) at station Clyde_FirthCInnerDunoon_se06, Holy Loch (Clyde) from the ... Determinand : C3 Phenanthrenes. Units : μg kg-1 dry weight normalised to 2.5% organic carbon. Data extraction : 27 June 2019. ... CSEMP assessment of c3 phenanthrenes in sediment at Holy Loch (Clyde). Statistical analysis. Trend assessment. Analysis of ...
CSEMP assessment of c1 phenanthrenes in sediment at station EScotland EScIntermediate se01
... accessment of c1 phenanthrenes in sediment (unsieved) at station EScotland_EScIntermediate_se01, Arbroath (E Scotland) from the ... Determinand : C1 Phenanthrenes. Units : μg kg-1 dry weight normalised to 2.5% organic carbon. Data extraction : 27 June 2019. ... CSEMP assessment of c1 phenanthrenes in sediment at Arbroath (E Scotland). Statistical analysis. Trend assessment. Analysis of ...
Correlation between Carcinogenicity and Chemical Structure in Cyclopenta[a]phenanthrenes | Cancer Research
Correlation between Carcinogenicity and Chemical Structure in Cyclopenta[a]phenanthrenes. M. M. Coombs, T. S. Bhatt and C. J. ... Correlation between Carcinogenicity and Chemical Structure in Cyclopenta[a]phenanthrenes. M. M. Coombs, T. S. Bhatt and C. J. ... Correlation between Carcinogenicity and Chemical Structure in Cyclopenta[a]phenanthrenes. M. M. Coombs, T. S. Bhatt and C. J. ... Correlation between Carcinogenicity and Chemical Structure in Cyclopenta[a]phenanthrenes Message Subject (Your Name) has ...
FLP reduction and hydroboration of phenanthrene o-iminoquinones and α-diimines - Dalton Transactions (RSC Publishing)
... diaryl-phenanthrene α-diimines. These reactions exploit B(C6F5)3/H2, HB(C6F5)2 and H2BC6F5·SMe2 to give a series of derivatives ... FLP reduction and hydroboration of phenanthrene o-iminoquinones and α-diimines K. L. Bamford, L. E. Longobardi, L. Liu, S. ... In this article we report the frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) hydrogenation and hydroboration of an N-aryl-phenanthrene-o- ...
In utero exposure to phenanthrene induces hepatic steatosis in F1 adult female mice
In the present study, phenanthrene (Phe) was used as a representative PAH to investigate the effects of in utero … ... In utero exposure to phenanthrene induces hepatic steatosis in F1 adult female mice Chemosphere. 2020 Nov;258:127360. doi: ... In the present study, phenanthrene (Phe) was used as a representative PAH to investigate the effects of in utero exposure to ... Keywords: Hepatic steatosis; In utero exposure; Phenanthrene; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH); Promoter methylation. ...
Application of Cell Immobilization in Slurry-Phase Bioremediation: Phenanthrene Biodegradation and Detoxification | SpringerLink
Zhao H-P, Wu Q-S, Wang L, Zhao X-T, Gao H-W (2009) Degradation of phenanthrene by bacterial strain isolated from soil in oil ... Li PJ, Wang X, Stagnitti F, Li L, Gong ZQ, Zhang HR, Xiong XZ, Austin C (2005) Degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene in soil ... Kim J-D, Shim S-H, Lee C-G (2005) Degradation of phenanthrene by bacterial strains isolated from soil in oil refinery fields in ... Kim Y-H, Freeman JP, Moody JD, Engesser K-H, Cerniglia CE (2005) Effects of pH on the degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene by ...
Mechanisms of metal-catalyzed cycloisomerizations of o-propargylbiaryls and o-allenylbiaryls to phenanthrenes: a DFT study -...
Complete genome sequence of the phenanthrene-degrading soil bacterium Delftia acidovorans Cs1-4. - PubMed - NCBI
Complete genome sequence of the phenanthrene-degrading soil bacterium Delftia acidovorans Cs1-4.. Shetty AR1, de Gannes V2, Obi ... Genes encoding phenanthrene degradation were localized to a 232 kb genomic island (termed the phn island), which contained near ... Bottom panel: Thin section transmission electron micrograph of D. acidovorans Cs1-4 cell grown as a biofilm on phenanthrene. A ... Lane 1, Molecular weight marker; lane 2, Delftia acidovorans Cs1-4 (phenanthrene-grown); lane 3, Delftia acidovorans SPH1; lane ...
Frontiers | Isolation and Characterization of Phenanthrene Degrading Bacteria from Diesel Fuel-Contaminated Antarctic Soils |...
... degradation of initial phenanthrene. D43FB can also degrade phenanthrene in the presence of its usual co-pollutant, the heavy ... degradation of initial phenanthrene. D43FB can also degrade phenanthrene in the presence of its usual co-pollutant, the heavy ... By following the degradation of the PAH phenanthrene, we isolated 53 PAH metabolizing bacteria from diesel contaminated ... In particular, the Sphingobium xenophagum D43FB isolate showed the highest phenanthrene degradation ability, generating up to ...
EAWAG-BBD: Pathway Page, Phenanthrene (fungal 9R,10R)
Phenanthrene -----, Phenanthrene-1,2-oxide (reacID# r0492) *Phenanthrene -----, Phenanthrene-3,4-oxide (reacID# r0508) * ... Phenanthrene [85-01-8] (compID# c0431) *Phenanthrene-1,2-oxide [66226-25-3] (compID# c0449) *Phenanthrene-3,4- ... Phenanthrene -----, Phenanthrene-9,10-oxide (reacID# r0495) *Phenanthrene-1,2-oxide -----, trans-1,2-Dihydrodiolphenanthrene ( ... EC 3.3.2.- phenanthrene-3,4-epoxide hydrolase (enzymeID# e0363) [Phenanthrene (fungal 9R,10R) Pathway Map] [BBD Main Menu] Page ...
Phenanthrene (D10,98%)- CAS Number 1517-22-2
Deuterated Phenanthrene Tetraol in Smokers Who Are at High Risk For Lung Cancer - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Basic Science (deuterated phenanthrene tetraol) Patients receive deuterated phenanthrene tetraol PO and collect urine for 6 ... Deuterated Phenanthrene Tetraol in Smokers Who Are at High Risk For Lung Cancer. The safety and scientific validity of this ... Urinary deuterated phenanthrene tetraol level [ Time Frame: Up to 6 hours ]. A multiple regression analysis will be performed ... Correlation of [D10] Phenanthrene Metabolism With Bronchoepithelial Dysplasia and Metaplasia in Smokers at High Risk for Lung ...
Effects of plant species identity, diversity and soil fertility on biodegradation of phenanthrene in soil
Soil fertility was a driving factor in all aspects of 14C-phenanthrene degradation; lag phase, maximum rates and total extents ... Effects of plant species identity, diversity and soil fertility on biodegradation of phenanthrene in soil. ... species diversity and soil fertility on biodegradation of 14C-phenanthrene in soil. The two soils used were of contrasting ... The degradation of 14C-phenanthrene was evaluated by measuring indigenous catabolic activity following the addition of the ...
Buy Online TRC - Phenanthrene-13C6 (Contain ~5% unlabeled) | LGC Standards
Effects of Soil/Sediment Organic Matter on the Desorption, Bioavailability, Sequestration, and Transformation of Phenanthrene |...
Radiolabeled phenanthrene in methanol was added to each bottle as a tracer. The bioflasks consisted of a 250-mL flask with a ... Michigan peat is a relatively young soil from which phenanthrene readily desorbs; Chelsea soil is a high-organic, muck-type top ... Soils were aged under anoxic conditions for 2 or 4 months, and the mass of nonradiolabeled phenanthrene was varied to achieve a ... A concentrated mineral-nutrient solution and a cell solution of Pseudomonas CRE7, a phenanthrene degrader, were added to the ...
Phenanthrene | 85-01-8
You can also browse global suppliers,vendor,prices,Price,manufacturers of Phenanthrene(85-01-8). At last,Phenanthrene(85-01-8) ... Visit ChemicalBook To find more Phenanthrene(85-01-8) information like chemical properties,Structure,melting point,boiling ... Phenanthrene. CAS No.. 85-01-8. Chemical Name:. Phenanthrene. Synonyms. ravatite;phethane;Phenantren;Phenantrin;Phenanthren; ... can give crude phenanthrene containing 40% phenanthrene. The crude phenanthrene, after removing of residue solvents in the ...
Metabolism of phenanthrene by the white rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus. | Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Approximately 52% of phenanthrene was metabolized to trans-9,10-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (phenanthrene trans-9,10- ... Metabolism of phenanthrene by the white rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus.. L Bezalel, Y Hadar, P P Fu, J P Freeman, C E Cerniglia ... Metabolism of phenanthrene by the white rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus.. L Bezalel, Y Hadar, P P Fu, J P Freeman, C E Cerniglia ... Metabolism of phenanthrene by the white rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus.. L Bezalel, Y Hadar, P P Fu, J P Freeman, C E Cerniglia ...
Plus it
1, phenanthrene is metabolized to a diol epoxide in a manner similar to BaP (9, 19). Phenanthrene is also converted to ... Levels of urinary PheT in an individual result from exposure plus metabolic activation of phenanthrene. Because phenanthrene ... Although phenanthrene is not considered to be carcinogenic, its pathways of metabolism are similar to those of BaP and other ... Longitudinal Study of Urinary Phenanthrene Metabolite Ratios: Effect of Smoking on the Diol Epoxide Pathway. Stephen S. Hecht, ...
Effects of Glucosinolate-Rich Broccoli Sprouts on Urinary Levels of Aflatoxin-DNA Adducts and Phenanthrene Tetraols in a...
Moreover, trans, anti-phenanthrene tetraol, a metabolite of the combustion product phenanthrene, was detected in urine of all ... Phenanthrene is a combustion-derived PAH that undergoes metabolism in a manner similar to the prototypic PAH, benzo(a)pyrene. ... Phenanthrene Tetraol in Urine. Urinary levels of trans, anti-PheT were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as ... PAHs, such as phenanthrene, are ubiquitous in the general environment and are released into the ambient air by tobacco smoke, ...
Urinary naphthalene and phenanthrene as biomarkers of occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Naphthalene (99+%), phenanthrene (99.5%), (2H8)naphthalene (98+%), (2H10)phenanthrene (98+%), and methanol (purge and trap ... Air phenanthrene concentration (µg/m3) vs. total PAH concentration (µg/m3) (minus phenanthrene concentration) in aluminum- ... Phenanthrene is also present at high concentrations in PAH emissions and, while not classified as a carcinogen, is the smallest ... Urinary naphthalene and phenanthrene as biomarkers of occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Jon R. Sobus,1 ...
Two-photon absorption spectroscopy of trans-stilbene, cis-stilbene, and phenanthrene: Theory and experiment
Biodegradation of phenanthreneDegrade phenanthreneBenzoDegradation of phenanthreneNaphthalene and phenanthrenePAHsPolycyclic aromatic hyMetaboliteHydrocarbonKineticsMetabolitesBioremediationRate of phenanthreneLevels of phenanthreneShows that phenanthrenePresence of phenanthreneStilbene and phenanthreneAnthracene and phenanthreneDerivativesTetraolAbstractFluoreneBioavailabilitySoilsSoilBacteriaAssayCharacterizationCompoundsBenzenePheT:HOPheAqueousPseudomonasChrysosporiumExposureConcentrationsMetabolismConcentrationTotal radioactivitySynthesisReactionsPathwayMethanolRavatiteSymplasticSurfactantCytochromeArthrobacterSpectroscopyStudyGeneticUptakeFungus
Biodegradation of phenanthrene2
- This study examined the biodegradation of phenanthrene and biodegradation of polystyrene foam by Pseudomonas putida and aeruginosa in aqueous-limonene solvent system. (brockport.edu)
- Depending on the microbial community used for bioaugmentation, biodegradation of phenanthrene can precede biodegradation of saturated hydrocarbons. (ac.rs)
Degrade phenanthrene4
- D43FB can also degrade phenanthrene in the presence of its usual co-pollutant, the heavy metal cadmium, and showed the ability to grow using diesel-fuel as a sole carbon source. (frontiersin.org)
- It was found that lux-marked strains of C. testosteroni GZ38A were not able to degrade phenanthrene. (ijbiotech.com)
- We obtained 128 isolates that degrade diesel oil and 115 isolates that degrade phenanthrene. (mdpi.com)
- We have developed a bioassay for the availability of phenanthrene to bacteria that degrade phenanthrene in soil. (elsevier.com)
Benzo7
- Benzo[c]phenanthrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C18H12. (wikipedia.org)
- Transformation rates of naphthalene, phenanthrene, and benzo[ a ]pyrene in oxidized surficial sediments of a polluted urban estuary, Boston Harbor, Mass., were determined over a period of 15 months. (asm.org)
- phenanthrene, 7.9 to 19.8 days, and benzo[ a ]pyrene, 53.7 to 82.3 days. (asm.org)
- Two diol-epoxide metabolites of benzo[ c ]phenanthrene and benzo[ a ]pyrene, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons which occur in the environment, were tested for carcinogenicity by direct injection into the mammary fat pads of female CD rats. (aacrjournals.org)
- 19 different PAHs (including benzo(a)pyrene, pyrene, and phenanthrene) were measured at the workplace by personal air monitoring. (ebscohost.com)
- Concentrations of phenanthrene, pyrene, and benzo(a)pyrene in air correlated well with the concentration of total PAHs in air;they could be used for comparisons of different workplaces if the emission compositions were known. (ebscohost.com)
- Tolerance and growth of 11 Trichoderma strains to crude oil, naphthalene, phenanthrene and benzo[a]pyrene. (semanticscholar.org)
Degradation of phenanthrene5
- The degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene was investigated by using five different wood-decaying fungi. (nih.gov)
- To the best of our knowledge, the photocatalytic activity of the Cu-CuO/ZnO composite for the degradation of phenanthrene has not yet been investigated. (springer.com)
- Effect of surfactants on solubilization and degradation of phenanthrene under thermophilic conditions. (semanticscholar.org)
- Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of synthetic surfactants and biosurfactants on solubilization and degradation of phenanthrene (PHE) in a series of batch solution experiments under thermophilic conditions. (semanticscholar.org)
- and the co-culture + the undefined mixed culture) were evaluated for their potential in co-metabolic degradation of phenanthrene (a model petroleum hydrocarbon) in a microbial fuel cell (MFC). (westminster.ac.uk)
Naphthalene and phenanthrene5
- Urinary naphthalene and phenanthrene are promising surrogates for occupational exposures to PAHs. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- Measurement of urinary naphthalene and phenanthrene could simplify the assessment of occupational exposures to PAHs. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- In an effort to investigate the influence of bacteria on the resilience and fertility of these soils, we enriched five ADE soils with naphthalene and phenanthrene, and biodegradation assays with phenanthrene and diesel oil were carried out, as well. (mdpi.com)
- Laboratory studies using soil samples from a former gas works site showed that PAH in the soil were present in a form resistant to biodegradation, whereas added naphthalene and phenanthrene were quickly degraded. (osti.gov)
- misc{etde_5600100, title = {PAH loss during bioremediation of manufactured gas plant site soils} author = {Erickson, D C} abstractNote = {Laboratory studies using soil samples from a former gas works site showed that PAH in the soil were present in a form resistant to biodegradation, whereas added naphthalene and phenanthrene were quickly degraded. (osti.gov)
PAHs6
- We investigated the utility of unmetabolized naphthalene (Nap) and phenanthrene (Phe) in urine as surrogates for exposures to mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- To investigate the specificity of biological monitoring variables (excretion of phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites in urine) and the usefulness of some biomarkers of effect (alkaline filter elution, {sup}32{end}P postlabeling assay, measurement of sister chromatid exchange)in workers exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). (ebscohost.com)
- The indigenous microorganisms responsible for degrading phenanthrene (PHE) in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-contaminated wastewater were identified by DNA-based stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP). (lancs.ac.uk)
- Results showed strong sorption of both studied PAHs i.e. phenanthrene and pyrene to soil particles, however, at the end of the experiment 5.32% and 0.99% of the initial solid phase content of, respectively, phenanthrene and pyrene released into water in unamended soil. (biotechrep.ir)
- [6] Other authors consider PAHs to start with the tricyclic species phenanthrene and anthracene . (wikipedia.org)
- These PAHs are naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, and pyrene , all present in high concentrations in the complex Superfund-derived PAH mixture. (thefreedictionary.com)
Polycyclic aromatic hy1
- The results show that aromatic ring oxidation followed by glucosylation is a predominant pathway in the metabolism of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon phenanthrene by C. elegans. (semanticscholar.org)
Metabolite4
- These experiments with cytochrome P-450 inhibitors and 18O2 labeling and the formation of phenanthrene trans-9R,10R-dihydrodiol as the predominant metabolite suggest that P. ostreatus initially oxidizes phenanthrene stereoselectively by a cytochrome P-450 monoxygenase and that this is followed by epoxide hydrolase-catalyzed hydration reactions. (asm.org)
- We have proposed that urinary phenanthrene metabolites could be used in a carcinogen metabolite phenotyping approach to identify individuals who may be susceptible to cancer induction by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). (aacrjournals.org)
- Figure 4 from Identification of a novel metabolite in phenanthrene metabolism by the fungus Cunninghamella elegans. (semanticscholar.org)
- Proton NMR spectrum (500 MHz) of the major phenanthrene metabolite formed from phenanthrene by C. elegans, shown with resonance assignments. (semanticscholar.org)
Hydrocarbon2
- Residents of Qidong, People's Republic of China, are at high risk for development of hepatocellular carcinoma, in part due to consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated foods, and are exposed to high levels of phenanthrene, a sentinel of hydrocarbon air toxics. (aacrjournals.org)
- A high convergence of the values of geochemical parameters calculated on the basis of the composition of steranes and terpanes, alkylnaphthalenes, phenanthrenes, and dibenzothiophenenes in hydrocarbon concentrates and chromatographic fractions isolated from them has been found by correlation analysis. (ac.rs)
Kinetics3
- Phenanthrene dissolution kinetics depended on the observed mass transfer coefficient and the apparent saturation concentration, both of which depended on surfactant concentration. (iwaponline.com)
- whereas, their time-dependent kinetics at 5.60 μM phenanthrene for 36 h follow the Elovich equation. (deepdyve.com)
- Schwartz, E & Scow, KM 1999, ' Using biodegradation kinetics to measure availability of aged phenanthrene to bacteria inoculated into soil ', Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol. 18, no. 8, pp. 1742-1746. (elsevier.com)
Metabolites5
- Phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography and identified by UV absorption, mass, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. (nih.gov)
- Fungi capable of mineralizing phenanthrene and pyrene in liquid culture produced enriched metabolites substituted in the K region (C-9,10 position of phenanthrene and C-4,5 position of pyrene), whereas all other fungi investigated produced metabolites substituted in the C-1,2, C-3,4, and C-9,10 positions of phenanthrene and the C-1 position of pyrene. (nih.gov)
- These results indicate that a single urine sample should be sufficient when comparing phenanthrene metabolites in different groups. (aacrjournals.org)
- Phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites were measured in 24 hour urine samples. (ebscohost.com)
- The measurement of phenanthrene metabolites in urine proved to be a better biological monitoring variable than the measurement of 1-hydroxypyrene. (ebscohost.com)
Bioremediation1
- This work highlights the possibility of using microbial fuel cells to achieve high degradation rates of phenanthrene through co-metabolism with concomitant electricity production and could potentially be utilised as an independent system or be integrated with other bioremediation technologies (e.g. pump and treat or permeable reactive barriers) to remediate petroleum hydrocarbons from contaminated subsurface environments or industrial effluents. (westminster.ac.uk)
Rate of phenanthrene2
- Recipient(s) will receive an email with a link to 'The influence of a surfactant on the rate of phenanthrene mass transfer into water' and will not need an account to access the content. (iwaponline.com)
- The rate of phenanthrene mineralization in this soil may be increased substantially through bioaugmentation with a bacterial inoculum. (elsevier.com)
Levels of phenanthrene1
- No detectable levels of phenanthrene were observed in the roots or stems of either species, suggesting phenanthrene entered the leaves only from the air. (lancs.ac.uk)
Shows that phenanthrene1
- Evidence, proven through animal studies, shows that phenanthrene is a potential carcinogen. (wikipedia.org)
Presence of phenanthrene2
- Evidence provided here indicates that apart from inducing an active PAH uptake, the presence of phenanthrene elicits significant changes in membrane fluidity. (openarchives.gr)
- 0.05) than that of the wild type P. stutzeri P16, the P. stutzeri P16-luxAB4 was selected because it has the following criteria: the stability of expression of tetresistance over 180 generations, phenanthrene - degradability and high level of luminescence light output in the absence and presence of phenanthrene. (ijbiotech.com)
Stilbene and phenanthrene2
Anthracene and phenanthrene3
- The simplest of such chemicals are naphthalene , having two aromatic rings, and the three-ring compounds anthracene and phenanthrene . (wikipedia.org)
- As both these energies are less than the resonance energy of benzene, benzene is more stable than anthracene and phenanthrene. (madoverchemistry.com)
- Stereoselective metabolism of anthracene and phenanthrene by the fungus Cunninghamella elegans. (semanticscholar.org)
Derivatives1
- A series of derivatives of acenaphthene was studied because these compounds contain a three-ring system arranged in a manner different from that in phenanthrene. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
Tetraol3
- I. To determine the relationship between urinary deuterated ([D10]) phenanthrene tetraol (PheT) level, PheT:phenanthrols (HOPhe) ratio, and the presence of bronchoepithelial metaplasia and/or dysplasia in smokers who have undergone screening bronchoscopy at Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI). (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Patients receive deuterated phenanthrene tetraol orally (PO). (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Patients receive deuterated phenanthrene tetraol PO and collect urine for 6 hours after dosing. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Abstract1
- abstract = "The preliminary experiments on hydrocracking of phenanthrene were carried out at a reaction temperature of 400° C for 1 h, with an initial hydrogen pressure of 7 Mpa. (elsevier.com)
Fluorene1
- The ratios of excretion to intake via dermal absorption for fluorene, phenanthrene, and pyrene were lower than the ratios from dietary exposure but higher than the ratios from inhalation. (thefreedictionary.com)
Bioavailability1
- We established enrichment cultures in which solid organic phases were used to reduce phenanthrene bioavailability to different degrees (R. J. Grosser, M. Friedrich, D. M. Ward, and W. P. Inskeep, Appl. (montana.edu)
Soils3
- lag phase, maximum rates and total extents of 14C-phenanthrene mineralisation were higher in improved soils compared to unimproved soils. (wur.nl)
- Soils were aged under anoxic conditions for 2 or 4 months, and the mass of nonradiolabeled phenanthrene was varied to achieve a constant equilibrium aqueous concentration. (epa.gov)
- Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that different phenanthrene-utilizing bacteria inhabiting the same soils may be adapted to different phenanthrene bioavailabilities. (montana.edu)
Soil13
- Complete genome sequence of the phenanthrene-degrading soil bacterium Delftia acidovorans Cs1-4. (nih.gov)
- Cs1-4) was isolated by using phenanthrene as the sole carbon source from PAH contaminated soil in Wisconsin. (nih.gov)
- By following the degradation of the PAH phenanthrene, we isolated 53 PAH metabolizing bacteria from diesel contaminated Antarctic soil samples, with three of these isolates exhibiting a high phenanthrene degrading capacity. (frontiersin.org)
- The work presented in this paper investigated the effects of plant species composition, species diversity and soil fertility on biodegradation of 14C-phenanthrene in soil. (wur.nl)
- The degradation of 14C-phenanthrene was evaluated by measuring indigenous catabolic activity following the addition of the contaminant to soil using respirometry. (wur.nl)
- Genetically engineered E. coli that encoded catechol 2,3- dioxygenase (C230) was created and investigated its ability to biodecomposition of phenanthrene and pyrene in spiked soil using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) measurement. (recentpatentsonbiotechnology.com)
- Leaching Characteristics of Phenanthrene and Pyrene in Biochar-amended Contaminated Soil', Journal of Applied Biotechnology Reports , 4(2), pp. 573-581. (biotechrep.ir)
- The assay uses a soil in which phenanthrene is degraded very slowly. (elsevier.com)
- By delaying inoculation, it is possible to manipulate the time phenanthrene is present in soil before accelerated biodegradation begins. (elsevier.com)
- Because the phenanthrene first- order rate constant for the inoculum is the same regardless of the phenanthrene residence time in soil, the change in phenanthrene availability to the inoculum can be measured over time. (elsevier.com)
- The initial rapid decline in availability resembled the change in amount of phenanthrene extracted from soil with hexane-water. (elsevier.com)
- However, after phenanthrene had been present in the soil longer than 300 h, the fraction extracted with hexane-water declined faster than the substrate available to the bacterial inoculum, suggesting that the bacteria are able to access a pool of phenanthrene unavailable to hexane. (elsevier.com)
- Inoculation of soil with high concentrations of phenanthrene caused an initial decline in the viable cell concentration of P. stutzeri P16 luxAB4 that took a longer time than liquid medium. (elsevier.com)
Bacteria3
- Four rifampicin resistant phenanthrene-degrading bacteria viz. (ijbiotech.com)
- Adsorption studies revealed that the anode (carbon) electrode has a high affinity for phenanthrene with 90% of the solute adsorbed in less than 3h.This suggests the carbon electrode could be used in co-localising petroleum contaminants in the environment while they are being degraded by electrochemically active bacteria iin the anode of a MFC. (westminster.ac.uk)
- The availability of phenanthrene to bacteria declined in a biphasic double exponential pattern with time. (elsevier.com)
Assay1
- The hemagglutination inhibition assay was used to study the blockage of virus receptors by the phenanthrenes, and the neuraminidase (NA) inhibition assay to evaluate the effects of the release of virus. (biomedcentral.com)
Characterization2
- Characterization of an alkylammonium-montmorillonite-phenanthrene. (ingentaconnect.com)
- Construction and Characterization of a Lux-Marked Phenanthrene Degrading Bacterium', Iranian Journal of Biotechnology , 2(4), pp. 243-249. (ijbiotech.com)
Compounds3
- This signal and that for interlayer phenanthrene are also broadened relative to the respective pure compounds. (ingentaconnect.com)
- This is the EAWAG-BBD compounds and reactions page for the Phenanthrene (fungal 9R,10R) Pathway. (ethz.ch)
- Since neither of these compounds contains the phenanthrene ring system, it was considered that this was not essential for oestrogenic properties. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
Benzene1
- Phenanthrene is nearly insoluble in water but is soluble in most low polarity organic solvents such as toluene, carbon tetrachloride, ether, chloroform, acetic acid and benzene. (wikipedia.org)
PheT:HOPhe1
- PheT/HOPhe ratios were significantly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers, showing that smoking induces the diol epoxide metabolic activation pathway of phenanthrene. (aacrjournals.org)
Aqueous1
- As such, the potential of photocatalytic degradation to remove phenanthrene from aqueous solution will be investigated in this study. (springer.com)
Pseudomonas2
- A concentrated mineral-nutrient solution and a cell solution of Pseudomonas CRE7, a phenanthrene degrader, were added to the flasks. (epa.gov)
- Mashreghi, M & Prosser, JI 2006, ' Survival and activity of Lux-marked phenanthrene-degrading Pseudomonas stutzeri P16 under different conditions ', Iranian Journal of Science and Technology Transaction A - Science , vol. 30, pp. 71-80. (elsevier.com)
Chrysosporium1
- Circular dichroism spectra of the phenanthrene trans-9,10-dihydrodiol indicated that the absolute configuration of the predominant enantiomer was 9R,10R, which is different from that of the principal enantiomer produced by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. (asm.org)
Exposure3
- Commonly, humans are exposed to phenanthrene through inhalation of cigarette smoke but there are many routes of exposure. (wikipedia.org)
- In the present study, phenanthrene (Phe) was used as a representative PAH to investigate the effects of in utero exposure to PAH on hepatic lipid metabolism and the toxicological mechanism involved. (nih.gov)
- Phenanthrene was observed within the xylem of maize following 12 days exposure. (lancs.ac.uk)
Concentrations2
- In a randomized, placebo-controlled chemoprevention trial, we tested whether drinking hot water infusions of 3-day-old broccoli sprouts, containing defined concentrations of glucosinolates, could alter the disposition of aflatoxin and phenanthrene. (aacrjournals.org)
- However changes in viable cell concentration and luminescence activity of lux-marked and wild type strains of P. stutzeri P16 were significantly different in Hutner's medium, amended with high and low concentrations of phenanthrene. (elsevier.com)
Metabolism2
- Metabolism of phenanthrene by the white rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus. (asm.org)
- The metabolism of phenanthrene by the fungus Cunninghamella elegans was investigated. (semanticscholar.org)
Concentration3
- The cuticle and epidermis at the edges of spinach leaves had a systematically higher concentration of phenanthrene than the cuticle and epidermal cells at the center of the leaf. (lancs.ac.uk)
- Phenanthrene and other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are naturally occurring, but increasing in environmental concentration, primarily due to the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. (brockport.edu)
- In MDCK models, the phenanthrenes did not show significant antiviral activity when administered as pretreatment, while phenanthrenes 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 10, and 11 exhibited inhibitory activities as simultaneous treatment with 50% inhibition concentration (IC 50 ) ranging from 14.6 ± 2.4 to 43.3 ± 5.3 μM. (biomedcentral.com)
Total radioactivity1
- Kinetic experiments using [9-14C]phenanthrene showed that after 72 h, 53% of the total radioactivity was associated with a glucoside conjugate of 1-hydroxyphenanthrene (phenanthrene 1-O-beta-glucose). (semanticscholar.org)
Synthesis1
- The Bardhan-Sengupta phenanthrene synthesis is a classic way to make phenanthrenes. (wikipedia.org)
Reactions1
- Reactions of phenanthrene typically occur at the 9 and 10 positions, including: Organic oxidation to phenanthrenequinone with chromic acid Organic reduction to 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene with hydrogen gas and raney nickel Electrophilic halogenation to 9-bromophenanthrene with bromine Aromatic sulfonation to 2 and 3-phenanthrenesulfonic acids with sulfuric acid Ozonolysis to diphenylaldehyde Phenanthrene is more stable than its linear isomer anthracene. (wikipedia.org)
Pathway1
- The symplastic uptake accounts for over 55% of total phenanthrene uptake, suggesting that symplast is the dominant pathway for wheat root phenanthrene uptake. (deepdyve.com)
Methanol1
- Radiolabeled phenanthrene in methanol was added to each bottle as a tracer. (epa.gov)
Ravatite1
- Ravatite is a natural mineral consisting of phenanthrene. (wikipedia.org)
Symplastic1
- Phenanthrene diffused through the cuticles of both species in 24-48 h, entering the epidermis to reside predominantly within the cell walls of maize (indicative of apoplastic transport) and the cellular cytoplasm of spinach (indicative of symplastic transport). (lancs.ac.uk)
Surfactant2
- The influence of a surfactant on the rate of dissolution of phenanthrene, a model PAH, was determined in this study. (iwaponline.com)
- The solubilization capabilities of mixed surfactants toward phenanthrene (PHE) were reduced by addition of anionic surfactant to the mixed systems. (environmental-expert.com)
Cytochrome1
- Significantly less phenanthrene trans-9,10-dihydrodiol was observed in incubations with the cytochrome P-450 inhibitor SKF 525-A (77% decrease), 1-aminobenzotriazole (83% decrease), or fluoxetine (63% decrease). (asm.org)
Arthrobacter1
- This report describes phenanthrene uptake as well as the effect of phenanthrene on the membrane phospholipid and fatty acid composition in a newly isolated bacterial strain, Sphe3, that we taxonomically identified as Arthrobacter sp. (openarchives.gr)
Spectroscopy1
- 13 C-NMR spectroscopy shows that adding phenanthrene to TDTMA-Mt leads to a displacement by -3 ppm of the -(CH 2 ) n - signal for TDTMA. (ingentaconnect.com)
Study5
- In this work, we first study the radial uptake of phenanthrene in hydroculture wheat roots by vacuum-infiltration-centrifugation method. (deepdyve.com)
- Objective: In this study, we investigated biodecomposition of phenanthrene and pyrene by a genetically engineered Escherichia coli. (recentpatentsonbiotechnology.com)
- FeH-Y. The results of the present study showed that Ni-loaded Y-zeolite has a high potential for the production of fine chemicals from hydrocracking of phenanthrene. (elsevier.com)
- Objective To study the bibenzyls and phenanthrenes from Arundina graminifolia. (bvsalud.org)
- The aim of the study was to investigate the vasorelaxant effect of ethanolic Eulophia macrobulbon (EM) extract and its main phenanthrene on rat isolated mesenteric artery and to investigate the hypotensive effect of EM. (frontiersin.org)
Genetic1
- Genes encoding phenanthrene degradation were localized to a 232 kb genomic island (termed the phn island), which contained near its 3' end a bacteriophage P4-like integrase, an enzyme often associated with chromosomal integration of mobile genetic elements. (nih.gov)
Uptake1
- Larger volume of symplast in roots and lower activation energy lead to the greater contribution of symplast to total uptake of phenanthrene. (deepdyve.com)
Fungus1
- The white rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus, grown for 11 days in basidiomycetes rich medium containing [14C] phenanthrene, metabolized 94% of the phenanthrene added. (asm.org)