Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic
A major group of unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons containing two or more rings. The vast number of compounds of this important group, derived chiefly from petroleum and coal tar, are rather highly reactive and chemically versatile. The name is due to the strong and not unpleasant odor characteristic of most substances of this nature. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p96)
Biodegradation, Environmental
Soil Pollutants
Delftia
Polyporus
Sphingomonas
Polyporaceae
Polyporales
An order of fungi in the phylum BASIDIOMYCOTA having macroscopic basidiocarps. The members are characterized by their saprophytic activities as decomposers, particularly in the degradation of CELLULOSE and LIGNIN. A large number of species in the order have been used medicinally. (From Alexopoulos, Introductory Mycology, 4th ed, pp504-68)
Bay-Region, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon
Humic Substances
Organic matter in a state of advanced decay, after passing through the stages of COMPOST and PEAT and before becoming lignite (COAL). It is composed of a heterogenous mixture of compounds including phenolic radicals and acids that polymerize and are not easily separated nor analyzed. (E.A. Ghabbour & G. Davies, eds. Humic Substances, 2001).
Soil Microbiology
Naphthalenes
Hydrocarbons, Aromatic
Naphthols
Dioxygenases
Dendrobium
Gonanes
Stereoisomerism
Basidiomycota
Epoxy Compounds
DNA Adducts
Mucorales
Creosote
A greasy substance with a smoky odor and burned taste created by high temperature treatment of BEECH and other WOOD; COAL TAR; or resin of the CREOSOTE BUSH. It contains CRESOLS and POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS which are CARCINOGENS. It has been widely used as wood preservative and in PESTICIDES and had former use medicinally in DISINFECTANTS; LAXATIVES; and DERMATOLOGIC AGENTS.
Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria
Poloxalene
Dioscorea
Biotransformation
The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.
Adsorption
Petroleum
Ralstonia
Water Pollution, Chemical
Mycobacterium
Mutagens
Lignin
The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Burkholderia
A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria. Organisms in this genus had originally been classified as members of the PSEUDOMONAS genus but overwhelming biochemical and chemical findings indicated the need to separate them from other Pseudomonas species, and hence, this new genus was created.
Sphingomonadaceae
Pseudomonas
Carcinogens
Oxygenases
Hydroponics
Bacteria
One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.
Annonaceae
Mutagenicity Tests
Benzo(a)pyrene
An investigation into the binding of the carcinogen 15,16-dihydro-11-methylcyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one to DNA in vitro. (1/766)
After metabolic activation the carcinogen 15,16-dihydro-11-[3H]methylcyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one binds to DNA in vitro, and this binding is prevented by 7,8-benzoflavone. Radioactivity cannot be removed from the DNA with organic solvents or by chromatography on Sephadex G-50, even after heat denaturation of the DNA. Enzymatic hydrolysis yields radioactive fractions, which elute from a column of Sephadex LH-20 immediately after the natural nucleosides. At least two species of reactive metabolites are involved in this bending, those with a half-life of a few hr and others with greater stability. After extraction from the aqueous incubation mixture, they could be detected in discrete polar fractions from separations of the complex metabolite mixture by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Their ability to bind to DNA decreased with time at ambient temperature, and they were rapidly deactivated by acid. 7,8-Benzolflavone acted by suppressing the formation of polar metabolites derived from enzymatic oxidation of the aromatic double bonds. The inhibitor had no effect on the enzymes hydroxylating saturated carbon; hence it is unlikely that metabolism of the methyl group is important in conversion of this carcinogen to its proximate form, although the presence of the 11-methyl group is essential for carcinogenic activity in this series. (+info)Contrasting effects of a nonionic surfactant on the biotransformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to cis-dihydrodiols by soil bacteria. (2/766)
The biotransformation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) naphthalene and phenanthrene was investigated by using two dioxygenase-expressing bacteria, Pseudomonas sp. strain 9816/11 and Sphingomonas yanoikuyae B8/36, under conditions which facilitate mass-transfer limited substrate oxidation. Both of these strains are mutants that accumulate cis-dihydrodiol metabolites under the reaction conditions used. The effects of the nonpolar solvent 2,2,4, 4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane (HMN) and the nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 on the rate of accumulation of these metabolites were determined. HMN increased the rate of accumulation of metabolites for both microorganisms, with both substrates. The enhancement effect was most noticeable with phenanthrene, which has a lower aqueous solubility than naphthalene. Triton X-100 increased the rate of oxidation of the PAHs with strain 9816/11 with the effect being most noticeable when phenanthrene was used as a substrate. However, the surfactant inhibited the biotransformation of both naphthalene and phenanthrene with strain B8/36 under the same conditions. The observation that a nonionic surfactant could have such contrasting effects on PAH oxidation by different bacteria, which are known to be important for the degradation of these compounds in the environment, may explain why previous research on the application of the surfactants to PAH bioremediation has yielded inconclusive results. The surfactant inhibited growth of the wild-type strain S. yanoikuyae B1 on aromatic compounds but did not inhibit B8/36 dioxygenase enzyme activity in vitro. (+info)Antimalarial activities of various 9-phenanthrenemethanols with special attention to WR-122,455 and WR-171,669. (3/766)
Pilot appraisals of the activities of 16 specially selected 9-phenanthrenemethanols against acute infections with Plasmodium falciparum in owl monkeys showed that all were more active than the reference compound, WR-33,063. WR-122,455, the most active derivative, and WR-171,669, ranked sixth, were selected for study in human volunteers. To assist this undertaking, appraisals of both compounds in owl monkeys infected with various strains of P. falciparum were expanded. These assessments showed: (i) that WR-122,455 was four times as active as chloroquine against infections with chloroquine-sensitive strains and that WR-171,669 equalled chloroquine in activity; (ii) that these compounds were fully active against infections with strains resistant to chloroquine, pyrimethamine, or quinine, or to all three standard drugs; (iii) that the activity of WR-122,455 was a function of total dose, single doses being as effective as the same amounts delivered in three or seven daily fractions; and (iv) that a single dose of WR-122,455 conferred extended, although only partial, protection against challenges with trophozoites. Complementary experiments in rhesus monkeys inoculated with sporozoites of P. cynomolgi showed that the activity of WR-122,455 was limited to blood schizonts and did not extend to early or late tissue schizonts. These evaluations were compatible with the results of preliminary studies of the activities of WR-122,455 and WR-171,669 in human volunteers. (+info)Inhibition of GABA-gated chloride channels by 12,14-dichlorodehydroabietic acid in mammalian brain. (4/766)
1. 12,14-dichlorodehydroabietic acid (12,14-Cl2DHA) reduced GABA-stimulated uptake of 36Cl- into mouse brain synaptoneurosomes suggesting inhibition of mammalian GABA(A) receptor function. 2. 12,14-Cl2DHA did not affect the binding of [3H]-muscimol to brain membranes but displaced specifically bound [3H]-EBOB. The inhibitory effect on [3H]-EBOB binding was not reversible. 12,14-Cl2DHA reduced the availability of [3H]-EBOB binding sites (Bmax) without changing the KD of the radioligand for remaining sites. 12,14-Cl2DHA did not affect the rate of association of [3H]-EBOB with its chloride channel receptor, but increased the initial rate of [3H]-EBOB dissociation. 3. 12,14-Cl2DHA enhanced the incidence of EPSCs when rapidly applied to cultured rat cortical neurones. Longer exposures produced block of IPSCs with marked increases in the frequency of EPSCs and min EPSCs. 12,14-Cl2DHA also irreversibly suppressed chloride currents evoked by pulses of exogenous GABA in these cells. 4. Ultimately, 12,14-Cl2DHA inhibited all synaptic traffic and action currents in current clamped cells indicating that, in contrast to picrotoxinin (which causes paroxysmal bursting), it is not fully selective for the GABA(A) receptor-chloride channel complex. 5. The depolarizing block seen with 12,14-Cl2DHA in amphotericin-perforated preparations implicates loss of Ca2+ buffering in the polarity change and this may account for inhibition of spontaneous action potentials. 6. Our investigation demonstrates that 12,14-Cl2DHA blocks GABA-dependent chloride entry in mammalian brain and operates as a non-competitive insurmountable GABA(A) antagonist. The mechanism likely involves either irreversible binding of 12,14-Cl2DHA to the trioxabicyclooctane recognition site or a site that is allosterically coupled to it. We cannot exclude, however, the possibility that 12,14-Cl2DHA causes localized proteolysis or more extensive conformational change within a critical subunit of the chloride channel. (+info)A novel aromatic-ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase from the diterpenoid-degrading bacterium Pseudomonas abietaniphila BKME-9. (5/766)
Pseudomonas abietaniphila BKME-9 is able to degrade dehydroabietic acid (DhA) via ring hydroxylation by a novel dioxygenase. The ditA1, ditA2, and ditA3 genes, which encode the alpha and beta subunits of the oxygenase and the ferredoxin of the diterpenoid dioxygenase, respectively, were isolated and sequenced. The ferredoxin gene is 9. 2 kb upstream of the oxygenase genes and 872 bp upstream of a putative meta ring cleavage dioxygenase gene, ditC. A Tn5 insertion in the alpha subunit gene, ditA1, resulted in the accumulation by the mutant strain BKME-941 of the pathway intermediate, 7-oxoDhA. Disruption of the ferredoxin gene, ditA3, in wild-type BKME-9 by mutant-allele exchange resulted in a strain (BKME-91) with a phenotype identical to that of the mutant strain BKME-941. Sequence analysis of the putative ferredoxin indicated that it is likely to be a [4Fe-4S]- or [3Fe-4S]-type ferredoxin and not a [2Fe-2S]-type ferredoxin, as found in all previously described ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases. Expression in Escherichia coli of ditA1A2A3, encoding the diterpenoid dioxygenase without its putative reductase component, resulted in a functional enzyme. The diterpenoid dioxygenase attacks 7-oxoDhA, and not DhA, at C-11 and C-12, producing 7-oxo-11, 12-dihydroxy-8,13-abietadien acid, which was identified by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, UV-visible light, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The organization of the genes encoding the various components of the diterpenoid dioxygenase, the phylogenetic distinctiveness of both the alpha subunit and the ferredoxin component, and the unusual Fe-S cluster of the ferredoxin all suggest that this enzyme belongs to a new class of aromatic ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases. (+info)Effect of selected antimalarial drugs and inhibitors of cytochrome P-450 3A4 on halofantrine metabolism by human liver microsomes. (6/766)
Halofantrine (HF) is used in the treatment of uncomplicated multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Severe cardiotoxicity has been reported to be correlated with high plasma concentrations of HF but not with that of its metabolite N-debutylhalofantrine. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of other antimalarial drugs and of ketoconazole, a typical cytochrome P-450 3A4 inhibitor, on HF metabolism by human liver microsomes. Antimalarial drug inhibitory effects were ranked as follows: primaquine > proguanil > mefloquine > quinine > quinidine > artemether > amodiaquine. Artemisine, doxycycline, sulfadoxine, and pyrimethamine showed little or no inhibition of HF metabolism. Mefloquine, quinine, quinidine, and ketoconazole used at maximal plasma concentrations inhibited N-debutylhalofantrine formation noncompetitively with Ki values of 70 microM, 49 microM, 62 microM, and 0.05 microM resulting in 7%, 49%, 26%, and 99% inhibition, respectively, in HF metabolism. In conclusion, we showed that quinine and quinidine coadministered with HF might inhibit its metabolism resulting in the potentiation of HF-induced cardiotoxicity in patients. This requires a close monitoring of ECG. For the same reasons, the concomitant administration of HF and ketoconazole must be avoided. By contrast, none of the other antimalarials studied inhibited HF metabolism and, by extrapolation, cytochrome P-450 3A4 activity. (+info)Immunosuppressant PG490 (triptolide) inhibits T-cell interleukin-2 expression at the level of purine-box/nuclear factor of activated T-cells and NF-kappaB transcriptional activation. (7/766)
PG490 (triptolide) is a diterpene triepoxide with potent immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory properties. PG490 inhibits interleukin(IL)-2 expression by normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and antibody to CD3 (IC50 of 10 ng/ml), and with PMA and ionomycin (Iono, IC50 of 40 ng/ml). In Jurkat T-cells, PG490 inhibits PMA/Iono-stimulated IL-2 transcription. PG490 inhibits the induction of DNA binding activity at the purine-box/antigen receptor response element (ARRE)/nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NF-AT) target sequence but not at the NF-kappaB site. PG490 can completely inhibit transcriptional activation at the purine-box/ARRE/NF-AT and NF-kappaB target DNA sequences triggered by all stimuli examined (PMA, PMA/Iono, tumor necrosis factor-alpha). PG490 also inhibits PMA-stimulated activation of a chimeric transcription factor in which the C-terminal TA1 transactivation domain of NF-kappaB p65 is fused to the DNA binding domain of GAL4. In 16HBE human bronchial epithelial cells, IL-8 expression is regulated predominantly by NF-kappaB, and PG490 but not cyclosporin A can completely inhibit expression of IL-8. The mechanism of PG490 inhibition of cytokine gene expression differs from cyclosporin A and involves nuclear inhibition of transcriptional activation of NF-kappaB and the purine-box regulator operating at the ARRE/NF-AT site at a step after specific DNA binding. (+info)PG490 (triptolide) cooperates with tumor necrosis factor-alpha to induce apoptosis in tumor cells. (8/766)
Progress in the treatment of solid tumors has been slow and sporadic. The efficacy of conventional chemotherapy in solid tumors is limited because tumors frequently have mutations in the p53 gene. Also, chemotherapy only kills rapidly dividing cells. Members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, however, induce apoptosis regardless of the p53 phenotype. Unfortunately, the cytotoxicity of TNF-alpha is limited by its activation of NF-kappaB and activation of NF-kappaB is proinflammatory. We have identified a compound called PG490, that is composed of purified triptolide, which induces apoptosis in tumor cells and sensitizes tumor cells to TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis. PG490 potently inhibited TNF-alpha-induced activation of NF-kappaB. PG490 also blocked TNF-alpha-mediated induction of c-IAP2 (hiap-1) and c-IAP1 (hiap-2), members of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family. Interestingly, PG490 did not block DNA binding of NF-kappaB, but it blocked transactivation of NF-kappaB. Our identification of a compound that blocks TNF-alpha-induced activation of NF-kappaB may enhance the cytotoxicity of TNF-alpha on tumors in vivo and limit its proinflammatory effects. (+info)
Phenanthrene
... occurs naturally and also is a man-made chemical. Commonly, humans are exposed to phenanthrene through inhalation ... The Bardhan-Sengupta phenanthrene synthesis is a classic way to make phenanthrenes. This process involves electrophilic ... Phenanthrene can also be obtained photochemically from certain diarylethenes. Reactions of phenanthrene typically occur at the ... The compound with a phenanthrene skeleton and nitrogens at the 4 and 5 positions is known as phenanthroline. Phenanthrene is ...
Benzo(c)phenanthrene
The crystal structure of benzo[c]phenanthrene and of 1,12-dimethylbenzo[c]phenanthrene". Journal of the Chemical Society ( ... Benzo[c]phenanthrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C18H12. It is a white solid that is soluble ... phenanthrene and benzo[g]chrysene". Cancer Research. 58 (23): 5340-5343. ISSN 0008-5472. PMID 9850062. v t e (Articles with ...
Phenanthrenoid
Cirrhopetalanthrin is a dimeric phenanthrene derivative from Cirrhopetalum maculosum. Five phenanthrene glycosides, ... and the dimeric phenanthrenes reptanthrin and isoreptanthrin. Bulbophyllum vaginatum contains the two phenanthrenes 4,9- ... Three phenanthrenes can be isolated from the stems of the orchid Flickingeria fimbriata. The structures are 2,5-dihydroxy-4,9, ... Hwang, JS; Lee, SA; Hong, SS; Han, XH; Lee, C; Kang, SJ; Lee, D; Kim, Y; Hong, JT; Lee, MK; Hwang, BY (2010). "Phenanthrenes ...
Dendrobium plicatile
From the stems, three phenanthrenes can be isolated, named plicatol A, B and C. The plant also contains the norditerpenoids ... Honda, Chie; Yamaki, Masae (2000). "Phenanthrenes from Dendrobium plicatile". Phytochemistry. 53 (8): 987-990. doi:10.1016/ ...
Dendrobium densiflorum
Chemical compounds useful in medicine, including phenanthrenes have been extracted from this orchid. "Dendrobium densiflorum". ... Kovács, Adriána; Vasas, Andrea; Hohmann, Judit (March 2008). "Natural phenanthrenes and their biological activity". ...
Dendrobium nobile
Yang, H; Sung, S. H; Kim, Y. C (2007). "Antifibrotic phenanthrenes of Dendrobium nobile stems". Journal of Natural Products. 70 ... "Phenanthrenes from Dendrobium nobile and their inhibition of the LPS-induced production of nitric oxide in macrophage RAW 264.7 ... Extract of the stems of Dendrobium nobile yielded 17 phenanthrenes (including 3,4,8-trimethoxyphenanthrene-2,5-diol, 2,8- ...
Bulbophyllum crabro
Four new phenanthrenes from Monomeria barbata Lindl. Minghui Yang, Le Cai, Zhigang Tai, Xianghui Zeng and Zhongtao Ding, ... Yang, Minghui; Cai, Le; Tai, Zhigang; Zeng, Xianghui; Ding, Zhongtao (2010). "Four new phenanthrenes from Monomeria barbata ...
Plicatol C
... is one of the three phenanthrenes that can be isolated from the stems of the orchid Flickingeria fimbriata. Plicatol ... A Plicatol B Phenanthrenes from Dendrobium plicatile. Chie Honda and Masae Yamaki, Phytochemistry, April 2000, Volume 53, Issue ...
Plicatol A
... is one of the three phenanthrenes that can be isolated from the stems of the orchid Dendrobium plicatile. Plicatol B ... Plicatol C Phenanthrenes from Dendrobium plicatile. Chie Honda and Masae Yamaki, Phytochemistry, April 2000, Volume 53, Issue 8 ...
Health effects of Bisphenol A
Compounds without a Phenanthrene Nucleus". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 125 (839): 222-232. Bibcode ... Dodds, E. C.; Lawson, Wilfrid (1936). "Synthetic strogenic Agents without the Phenanthrene Nucleus". Nature. 137 (3476): 996. ...
Bisphenol A
Compounds without a Phenanthrene Nucleus". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences. 125 (839): 222- ... Dodds EC, Lawson W (1936). "Synthetic Œstrogenic Agents without the Phenanthrene Nucleus". Nature. 137 (3476): 996. Bibcode: ...
Mallory reaction
Several other methods are available to synthesize the phenanthrene ring system; however, most of these are longer or less ... ortho-Substituted substrates generally give 1-substituted phenanthrenes, unless the substituent is a good leaving group, in ... For example, dihydrophenanthrene becomes phenanthrene. Oxygen and iodine are the most commonly employed oxidants. For most ... the Mallory reaction is a photochemical-cyclization-elimination reaction of diaryl-ethylene structures to form phenanthrenes ...
2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone
7. Synthesis of Steroidal Phenanthrenes by Double Methyl Migration". Journal of the Chemical Society C: Organic. 1971: 2566- ...
Bulbophyllum vaginatum
Phenanthrenes, dihydrophenanthrenes and bibenzyls from the orchid Bulbophyllum vaginatum. Leong Y-W, KAng C-C, Harrison LJ and ... Bulbophyllum vaginatum contains the two phenanthrenes 4,9-dimethoxyphenanthrene-2,5-diol and 4,6-dimethoxyphenanthrene-2,3,7- ...
Aromatization
DDQ and an acid catalyst has been used to synthesise a steroid with a phenanthrene core by oxidation accompanied by a double ... The Synthesis of Steroidal Phenanthrenes by Double Methyl Migration". Journal of the Chemical Society C: Organic. 14: 2566-2572 ...
Dihydrostilbenoid
"Phenanthrenes, dihydrophenanthrenes and bibenzyls from the orchid bulbophyllum vaginatum". Phytochemistry. 44: 157-165. doi: ...
Aziridines
Preparation of phenanthrene 9,10-imine". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 43 (22): 4271-4273. doi:10.1021/jo00416a003. ...
Anthracene
Common impurities are phenanthrene and carbazole. The mineral form of anthracene is called freitalite and is related to a coal ... 9,10-Dithioanthracene, derivative with two thiol groups added to the central ring Phenanthrene Tetracene Haynes, p. 3.28 Haynes ...
Chrysene
Phenanthrene Merck Index, 11th Edition, 2259. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (2014). Nomenclature of Organic ...
Kalanchoe pinnata
Bufadienolides and phenanthrene are toxic compounds. Two calves fed for 48 hours with K. pinnata have been reported to have ... Phytochemical studies of Kalanchoe pinnata have identified the presence of triterpenes, steroid, phenanthrene, flavonoid, ...
Aromaticity
Examples are naphthalene, anthracene, and phenanthrene. In fused aromatics, not all carbon-carbon bonds are necessarily ...
Delftia acidovorans
It can also degrade phenanthrene, which is a carbon source from polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Phenanthrene is a ... Delftia acidovorans strains Cs1-4 and SPH-1 can use phenanthrene, pyruvate, vanillate, succinate, Formic acid, gluconic acid, ... "Complete genome sequence of the phenanthrene-degrading soil bacterium Delftia acidovorans Cs1-4". Standards in Genomic Sciences ...
1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate hydroxylase
Deveryshetty J, Phale PS (October 2010). "Biodegradation of phenanthrene by Alcaligenes sp. strain PPH: partial purification ...
Blum-Ittah aziridine synthesis
Preparation of phenanthrene 9,10-imine". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 43 (22): 4271-4273. doi:10.1021/jo00416a003. Ittah, ...
Coeloginanthrin
Phenanthrene derivatives from the orchid Coelogyne cristata. Majumder PL1, Sen S and Majumder S, Phytochemistry, October 2001, ...
Pleione praecox
"A New Phenanthrene Derivative from Pleione praecox". Chemistry of Natural Compounds. 57 (3): 409-411. doi:10.1007/s10600-021- ...
Cyanonickelate
Phenanthrene or Biphenyl)". Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry. 39 (1/2): 175-180. doi:10.1023/A: ...
Coelogyne cristata
Phenanthrene derivatives from the orchid Coelogyne cristata. Majumder PL1, Sen S and Majumder S, Phytochemistry, October 2001, ... C. cristata contains the phenanthrenes coeloginanthridin (3,5,7-trihydroxy-1,2-dimethoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene), a 9,10- ... dihydrophenanthrene derivative, and coeloginanthrin, the corresponding phenanthrene analogue, coelogin and coeloginin. " ...
Massilia (bacterium)
WF1 was able to degrade the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon phenanthrene, each when alone and when in co-culture with the ... WF1 and Phanerochaete chrysosporium in phenanthrene biodegradation". Science of the Total Environment. 781: 146655. doi:10.1016 ...
Coeloginin
Majumder, P. L.; Sen, S.; Majumder, S. (2001). "Phenanthrene derivatives from the orchid Coelogyne cristata". Phytochemistry. ...
Structure for Phenanthrene, 3,6-difluoro
PRIME PubMed | Degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene in rhizosphere of grasses and legumes
Degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene in rhizosphere of grasses and legumes. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or ... Arbuscular mycorrhizal phytoremediation of soils contaminated with phenanthrene and pyrene.. *Enhancement of phenanthrene and ... Degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene in rhizosphere of grasses and legumes.. J Hazard Mater. 2008 May 01; 153(1-2):892-8.JH ... Degradation of Phenanthrene and Pyrene in Rhizosphere of Grasses and Legumes. J Hazard Mater. 2008 May 1;153(1-2):892-8. PubMed ...
1408.6417] Crystal structure search and electronic properties of alkali doped phenanthrene and picene
Title:Crystal structure search and electronic properties of alkali doped phenanthrene and picene. Authors:S. Shahab Naghavi, ... Both the new K3-picene and the best metallic M3-phenanthrene are further found to undergo a spontaneous transition from metal ... We seek to predict the crystal structure of M3-phenanthrene (M = K, Rb) using ab-initio evolutionary simulation in conjunction ... Download a PDF of the paper titled Crystal structure search and electronic properties of alkali doped phenanthrene and picene, ...
Resonance of Phenanthrene - Pharmacy Scope
The resonance energy for phenanthrene is 92 Kcal/mol, that... ... Phenanthrene is the resonance hybrid of the following 5 ... Reactions of Phenanthrene. Phenanthrene is reactive at 9, & 10- positions.. Reduction: Phenanthrene is catalytically reduced to ... Resonance of Phenanthrene. June 22, 2022. by Sameer Ray Phenanthrene is the resonance hybrid of the following 5 resonating ... Resonance energy for phenanthrene. The resonance energy for phenanthrene is 92 Kcal/mol, that for anthracene is 84 Kcal/mol and ...
Analysis of phenanthrene metabolites in urine (Prime tit
- Experts@Minnesota
NHANES 2011-2012:
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)- Urine - Special Sample Data Documentation, Codebook, and Frequencies
URXP19 - 4-phenanthrene (ng/L). Variable Name: URXP19 SAS Label: 4-phenanthrene (ng/L). English Text: 4-phenanthrene (ng/L). ... 4-phenanthrene comment code. English Text: 4-phenanthrene comment code. Target: Both males and females 20 YEARS - 150 YEARS. ... URDP19LC - 4-phenanthrene comment code. Variable Name: URDP19LC. SAS Label: ...
"Generation of 2-Adamantylidenecarbene from a Phenanthrene-Based Precur" by Christine E. Wamsley
This thesis examines the generation of 2-adamantylidenecarbene from a phenanthrene-based precursor. A three-step synthetic ... This thesis examines the generation of 2-adamantylidenecarbene from a phenanthrene-based precursor. A three-step synthetic ... Wamsley, Christine E., "Generation of 2-Adamantylidenecarbene from a Phenanthrene-Based Precursor" (2015). Honors Theses. Paper ...
Effects of inoculation of PAH-degrading bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on responses of ryegrass to phenanthrene and...
Effects of inoculation of PAH-degrading bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on responses of ryegrass to phenanthrene and ... Effects of inoculation of PAH-degrading bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on responses of ryegrass to phenanthrene and ... Effects of inoculation of PAH-degrading bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on responses of ryegrass to phenanthrene and ... under four different concentrations of phenanthrene and pyrene (0, 50 + 50, 100 + 100, 200 + 200 mg kg⁻¹) in soils. ...
Detoxification of fluorene, phenanthrene, carbazole and P-cresol in columns of aquifer sand as studied by the microtox(R) assay...
... phenanthrene, carbazole and P-cresol in columns of aquifer sand as studied by the microtox(R) assay ... Detoxification of fluorene, phenanthrene, carbazole and P-cresol in columns of aquifer sand as studied by the microtox(R) assay ... Detoxification of fluorene, phenanthrene, carbazole and P-cresol in columns of aquifer sand as studied by the microtox(R) assay ...
Phenanthrene-functionalized 3,6-dithiophen-2-yl-2,5- dihydropyrrolo[3,4c] pyrrole-1,4-diones as donor molecules for solution...
NIOSHTIC-2 Search Results - Full View
4-OH-phenanthrene; 1-, 2-OH-naphthalene; 2-, 3-, 9-OH-fluorene) by an immunochemical quantification of PACs (I-PACs). The air ... increase in XXOH-phenanthrene. Though PACs in hand-wash samples were not predictors of urinary analytes, the effects observed ... Phenanthrenes; Naphthalenes; Fluorenes; Air-samples; Analytical-processes; Skin-absorption; Protective-clothing; Respiratory- ...
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4-OH-phenanthrene; 1-, 2-OH-naphthalene; 2-, 3-, 9-OH-fluorene) by an immunochemical quantification of PACs (I-PACs). The air ... increase in XXOH-phenanthrene. Though PACs in hand-wash samples were not predictors of urinary analytes, the effects observed ... Phenanthrenes; Naphthalenes; Fluorenes; Air-samples; Analytical-processes; Skin-absorption; Protective-clothing; Respiratory- ...
Publikationen | Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Registration Dossier - ECHA
Person Details: Frederic K. Pfaender (Superfund Research Program)
Microbially mediated fate of pyrene and phenanthrene in soil. In: Proceedings of the 95th General Meeting of the American ... Microbially mediated fate of pyrene and phenanthrene in soil. In: Proceedings of the Third International Symposium, San Diego, ... The effect of inorganic and organic supplements on the microbial degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene in soils. ... Effect of repeated additions on phenanthrene mineralization and toxicity in soil. In: Proceedings of the Society for ...
Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution - Volume 18, issue 1 - Journals - IOS Press
Enantioselective Cu-catalyzed double hydroboration of alkynes to access chiral gem-diborylalkanes | Nature Communications
CCCC 1967, Volume 32, Issue 10, Abstracts pp. 3587-3596, Articles by the same authors | Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical...
22.1: Nomenclature of Arenes - Chemistry LibreTexts
Items where Author is "Busch, Wibke" | EPIC
Accepts Samples - Lab Search
The Possibilities and Limitations of Capillary Extraction (CEx): The Case Study of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in...
... phenanthrene, fluoranthene, chrysene, benzo(a)pyrene and coronene in aqueous samples prepared by analyte spiking into clean ... Calculated 3σ detection limits in units of μg L-1 were naphthalene (8.5), acenaphthene (1.8), phenanthrene (1.1), fluoranthene ... Target analytes: Acenaphthene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, chrysene, and benzo(a)pyrene were supplied by Supelco (PAH Kit 610-N ... b) Weighed amounts of solid PAHs [naphthalene (101.0 mg), acenaphthene (61.0 mg), phenanthrene (45.0 mg), fluoranthene (53.0 mg ...
Anthracene4
- The resonance energy for phenanthrene is 92 Kcal/mol, that for anthracene is 84 Kcal/mol and for naphthalene and benzene rings are 61 and 36 Kcal/mol respectively. (pharmacyscope.com)
- So in phenanthrene, the resonance energy of each benzene ring is 30.3 Kcal/mole and that's why phenanthrene is more stable than anthracene but less stable than benzene. (pharmacyscope.com)
- Each such assembly has a unique name, as the examples of naphthalene, anthracene, and phenanthrene illustrate. (britannica.com)
- Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations showed only detectable levels of acenaphthylene (208968), acenaphthene (83329), fluorene (86737), phenanthrene (85018), anthracene (120127), and naphthalene (91203). (cdc.gov)
Pyrene6
- Phytoremediation is an emerging technology for the remediation of organic soil pollutants such as phenanthrene and pyrene (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs). (unboundmedicine.com)
- More PAHs were dissipated in planted soil (i.e., with a rhizosphere) than in unplanted soil, and there were more obvious effects of plants on pyrene dissipation than on phenanthrene dissipation. (unboundmedicine.com)
- 99 and 77-94% of phenanthrene and pyrene, respectively, had been degraded in planted soil, whereas 99% and 69% had been degraded in unplanted soil. (unboundmedicine.com)
- and/or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus mosseae) were inoculated with ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) under four different concentrations of phenanthrene and pyrene (0, 50 + 50, 100 + 100, 200 + 200 mg kg⁻¹) in soils. (eduhk.hk)
- The application temperature of HMA was positively associated with urinary measures, such that an increase from the lowest application temperature (121 degreesC) to the highest (154 degrees C) was associated with a 72% increase in XXOH-fluorene and 1-OH-pyrene and an 82% increase in XXOH-phenanthrene. (cdc.gov)
- Capillary extraction (CEx) is used to study the solventless in-tube extraction of naphthalene, acenaphthene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, chrysene, benzo(a)pyrene and coronene in aqueous samples prepared by analyte spiking into clean waters or, as an alternative, by using the generator-column method of sample preparation. (chromatographyonline.com)
Naphthalenes1
- Contaminants of concern in groundwater were VOCs, and naphthalenes and phenanthrene. (cdc.gov)
Metabolite1
- Comparison of polymorphisms in genes involved in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolism with urinary phenanthrene metabolite ratios in smokers. (cdc.gov)
Molecule1
- In the nonmagnetic insulating phases the alkalis coalesce reducing the donated charge from three to two per phenanthrene molecule. (arxiv.org)
Soil1
- nov., a phenanthrene-degrading bacterium isolated from wetland soil. (bvsalud.org)
Polycyclic aromatic hy2
- designated strain BG1, able to utilize the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon phenanthrene as the sole carbon and energy source was isolated from estuarine sediment following enrichment with the hydrocarbon. (nih.gov)
- A urinary metabolite of phenanthrene as a biomarker of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolic activation in workers exposed to residual oil fly ash. (cdc.gov)
Genetic Toxicology1
- An overview of Genetic Toxicology Bacterial Mutagenicity study conclusions related to Phenanthrene (85-01-8). (nih.gov)
Salmonella1
- Genetic Toxicity Evaluation of Phenanthrene in Salmonella/E.coli Mutagenicity Test or Ames Test. (nih.gov)